Wikipedia gpewiki https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page MediaWiki 1.47.0-wmf.21 first-letter Media Special Talk User User talk Wikipedia Wikipedia talk File File talk MediaWiki MediaWiki talk Template Template talk Help Help talk Category Category talk TimedText TimedText talk Module Module talk Event Event talk 0 1424 112473 110075 2026-09-25T00:44:33Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112473 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q67167824}} '''Diana Hamilton''' be Ghanaian gospel musician wey get plenty awards for ein name insyd.<ref name=":1">[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/person.php?ID=1359&mode=biography# "Diana Hamilton"]. ''GhanaWeb''.</ref> Ebe she win 2021 Most Streamed Female Act of de Year Award for 3Music Women's Brunch.<ref>[https://www.myjoyonline.com/diana-hamilton-wins-most-streamed-female-act-of-the-year-at-3music-womens-brunch/ "Diana Hamilton wins Most Streamed Female Act of the Year at 3Music Women's Brunch - MyJoyOnline.com"]. ''MyJoyonline''. Retrieved 10 March 2021.</ref> March 2021, she dey among Top 30 Most Influential Women for Music insyd for 3Music Awards Women's Brunch.<ref>[https://citinewsroom.com/2021/03/3music-awards-organisers-name-top-30-women-in-music/ "3Music Awards organisers name Top 30 Women in Music"]. ''Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana''. 5 March 2021. Retrieved 13 February 2024.</ref> Dem crown am as "Artist of de Year" den "Gospel Artist of de Year" for "2021 Ghana Music Awards" for June 26 insyd secof ein "Adom" song nu.<ref>Amoh, Emmanuel Kwame (27 June 2021). [https://web.archive.org/web/20220701020035/https://3news.com/vgma22-diana-hamilton-is-artiste-of-the-year/ "#VGMA22: Diana Hamilton is Artiste of the Year"]. ''3news''. Retrieved 27 June 2021.</ref> == Ein early life den education == Dem born am 4 December 1978.<ref>[https://www.ghlinks.com.gh/diana-hamilton-biography/ "Diana Hamilton, Biography, Age, Education, Profile, Date of Birth, Career, Net Worth, Family, Contact, Management,Husband - 2021 » GhLinks.com.gh™"]. 11 July 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2022.</ref> She go ein basic school for Morning Star School, Cantonments wey dey Accra wey she continue ein secondary education for Ghana National College wey dey Cape Coast wey she san go study den practice nursing for Komfo Anokye Nursing College wey dey Kumasi.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220819201152/https://myinfo.com.gh/2021/11/i-had-only-one-uniform-although-i-attended-a-high-class-school-diana-hamilton-recounts/ "I had only one uniform although I attended a high-class school – Diana Hamilton recounts"]. ''Myinfo Ghana''. 4 November 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2022.</ref> == Ein career == As Diana Hamilton start dey back for Francis Agyei plus ein voice na she chop 13years.<ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/I-make-26k-a-year-as-a-nurse-Diana-Hamilton-532956 "I make k a year as a nurse – Diana Hamilton"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 27 April 2017. Retrieved 7 September 2020.</ref> She release ein debut album titled, "''Ɔsoro bɛkasa''" for 2007 insyd wey this ein album trend waaa wey give am the limelight. Ein second album "''Ensi wo yie''", wey release for 2010 insyd too give am name for Ghanaian Gospel Music Industry.<ref name=":1" /> She be one of the headline artistes for 2019 Harvest Praise wey happen for Fantasy Dome wey dey Accra.<ref>[https://citinewsroom.com/2019/04/diana-hamilton-tim-godfrey-electrify-harvest-praise-2019/ "Diana Hamilton, Tim Godfrey electrify Harvest Praise 2019"]. 20 April 2019.</ref> 1615 media dey manage ein music career.<ref name=":1" /> Dem unveil she den Kofi Kinaata as Brand Ambassadors for Enterprise Life for May 2021 insyd.<ref>[https://www.myjoyonline.com/enterprise-life-names-diana-hamilton-and-kofi-kinaata-as-brand-ambassadors/ "Enterprise Life names Diana Hamilton and Kofi Kinaata as brand ambassadors - MyJoyOnline.com"]. ''Myjoyonline''. Retrieved 16 May 2021.</ref><ref>[https://citinewsroom.com/2021/05/diana-hamilton-kofi-kinaata-named-2021-brand-ambassadors-for-enterprise-life-ghana/ "Diana Hamilton, Kofi Kinaata named 2021 brand ambassadors for Enterprise Life Ghana"]. ''Citinewsroom - Comprehensive News in Ghana''. 11 May 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2021.</ref> Aside Diana Hamilton ein music career, she san be professional nurse for United Kingdom.<ref>Okyere, Gertrude (18 March 2021). [https://www.adomonline.com/photo-drops-as-diana-hamilton-switches-back-to-nursing/ "Photo drops as Diana Hamilton 'switches back' to nursing"]. ''Adomonline.com''. Retrieved 14 February 2024.</ref> == Ein life matter == She marry Dr. Joseph Hamilton wey dem get set of twins (Michaela den Michael).<ref name=":1" /> Ein hobby be cooking den she san dey like dey design ein clothes. She dey like dey hang out more times plus with ein siblings; Eunice, Victoria, Samuel, Adelaide, Beatrice, Paa Kwesi den Grace.<ref name=":1" /> She san be known for ein charitable endeavours. She launch ein "Diana Hamilton Foundation" for Saturday, February 4, 2017, ebe charitable organization wey dey provide help give people wey dem be underprivileged for Ghana society insyd.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220314180742/https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/music/201702/306499.php "Diana Hamilton Foundation"]. ''Peace Fm Online''.</ref> == Ein discography == === Ein albums === {| class="wikitable" |+ !Year !Title !Ref |- |2007 |''"Ɔsoro bɛkasa"'' (Heaven will speak) |<ref name=":1" /> |- |2010 |''"Ensi wo yie"'' (May it be well with you) |<ref name=":1" /> |- |2011 |Blessings |<ref name=":1" /> |- |2015 |Yehowah |<ref>[https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/diana-my-ministry-is-different.html "Diana: My ministry is different"]. ''Graphic Online''. Retrieved 2 September 2020.</ref> |} == Ein awards == {| class="wikitable" |+ !Year !Organization !Awards !Work dem nominate !Result !Ref |- | rowspan="6" |2019 | rowspan="6" |African Gospel Music and Media Awards |Artiste of Excellence Europe | rowspan="2" |Ein body |Chop | rowspan="6" | |- |Female Artiste of Excellence Europe |Dem nominate am |- |Video of Excellence |''"Mo ne yo''" |Dem nominate am |- |Event of Excellence |Experience with Diana Hamilton |Dem nominate am |- |Song of Excellence |''"Mo ne yo''" |Dem nominate am |- |Album of Excellence |iBelieve |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="5" |2020 | rowspan="5" |Vodafone Ghana Music Awards |Gospel Artiste of de Year | rowspan="3" |Ein body |Chop |<ref name=":0">[https://www.graphic.com.gh/entertainment/showbiz-news/vgma21-full-list-of-winners.html "VGMA21: Full list of winners"]. ''Graphic Online''. Retrieved 12 April 2022.</ref> |- |Songwriter of de Year |Dem nominate am |<ref name=":0" /> |- |Artiste of de Year |Dem nominate am |<ref name=":0" /> |- |Most Popular Song of de Year | rowspan="2" |"''W'asem''" |Dem nominate am |<ref name=":0" /> |- |Gospel Song of de Year |Dem nominate am |<ref name=":0" /> |- | rowspan="6" |2021 | rowspan="6" |Vodafone Ghana Music Awards |Best Gospel Song of de Year | rowspan="3" |Adom |Chop | rowspan="6" |<ref>[https://www.myjoyonline.com/vgma22-see-the-list-of-nominees/ "VGMA22: See the list of nominees"]. MyJoyOnline. Retrieved 5 April 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.myjoyonline.com/vgma22-full-list-of-winners/ "VGMA22: Full list of winners"]. ''My Joy Online''. 26 June 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2022.</ref> |- |Songwriter of de Year |Dem nominate am |- |Best Music Video of de Year |Dem nominate am |- |Best Gospel Artiste of de Year | rowspan="4" |Ein body |Chop |- |Vodafone Most Popular Song of de Year |Chop |- |Artiste of de Year |Chop |- |2022 |3Music Awards |Gospel Act of de Year |Dem nominate am |<ref>Kotey, Nii (27 March 2022). [https://web.archive.org/web/20220401032059/https://3music.tv/section/news/article?nid=nwi7nMUc8EfDQv03wzwIVX6zdP2 "3Music News: 3Music Awards '22: Here are all the winners"]. ''3Music TV''. Retrieved 27 March 2022.</ref> |} == References == <references /> [[Category:Ghanaian musicians]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Ghanaians]] [[Category:Ghanaian gospel singers]] [[Category:21st-century Ghanaian singers]] [[Category:Ghanaian nurses]] [[Category:People wey komot Kumasi]] 7ze68ady2w3y07cq15398t4fmf0xf6a 0 1725 112509 41772 2026-09-25T01:37:37Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112509 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q104183}} '''Lillian Diana Gish'''<ref>Although some unsupported claims dey indicate say dem born de Gish sisters plus de surname "de Guiche", in fact na dema surname for birth be "Gish". According to ''Lillian Gish: Her Legend, Her Life'' (2001), biography by Charles Affron: "Na De Gish name be initially de source of sum mystification. For 1922 inside, de time wey dem dey open ''Orphans of the Storm'', Lillian report say na de Gish family be of French origin, dem dey descend from de Duke de Guiche ...[S]uch press-agentry falsification na e be common."</ref> (October 14, 1893 – February 27, 1993) na she be American actress, director, den screenwriter. Ein film-acting career span for 75 years, from 1912, for silent film shorts inside, come 1987. Na dem dey bell Gish de "'''First Lady of American Cinema'''", wey dem credit am plus pioneering fundamental film performance techniques.<ref>[https://www.afi.com/laa/lillian-gish/ "American Film Institute"]. ''afi.com''.</ref> Insyd 1999, de American Film Institute rank Gish as de 17th-greatest female movie star of Classic Hollywood cinema.<ref>[https://www.afi.com/afis-100-years-100-stars/ "AFI's 100 YEARS…100 STARS"]. ''American Film Institute''. Retrieved September 29, 2024.</ref> == Ein death == Gish die of heart failure for February 27, 1993 wey she chop 99.<ref>Krebs, Albin (March 1, 1993). [https://www.nytimes.com/1993/03/01/movies/lillian-gish-99-a-movie-star-since-movies-began-is-dead.html "Lillian Gish, 99, a Movie Star Since Movies Began, is Dead"]. ''The New York Times''. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331]. Retrieved October 24, 2020.</ref> Dem inter ein ashes besyd ein sisto Dorothy for Saint Bartholomew's Episcopal Church for New York City insyd.<ref>Wilson, Scott (2016). ''Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons'' (3rd ed.). McFarland. p. 281.</ref> Dem value ein estate for several million dollars, de bulk for wey go toward de creation of de Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize Trust. ==Legacy== [[File:The Lily Maid of the Shadows.jpg|thumb|Gish pose as Elaine of Astolat insyd ''Way Down East'']] Na dem showcase a retrospective of Gish ein life den achievements insyd an episode of de Emmy award-winning PBS series, ''American Masters''. Se AllMovie Guide wrep for ein legacy top:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.allmovie.com/artist/lillian-gish-p27129 |title=Lillian Gish |website=allmovie.com|access-date=15 October 2020}}</ref> {{blockquote|Lillian Gish is considered the movie industry's first true actress. A pioneer of fundamental film performing techniques, she was the first star to recognize the many crucial differences between acting for the stage and acting for the screen, and while her contemporaries painted their performances in broad, dramatic strokes, Gish delivered finely etched, nuanced turns carrying a stunning emotional impact. While by no means the biggest or most popular actress of the silent era, she was the most gifted, her seeming waiflike frailty masking unparalleled reserves of physical and spiritual strength. More than any other early star, she fought to earn film recognition as a true art form, and her achievements remain the standard against which those of all other actors are measured.}} Turner Classic Movies wrep,<ref>{{cite web |title=Overview for Lillian Gish |url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/71895%7C99056/Lillian-Gish |access-date=July 17, 2024 |website=Turner Classic Movies}}</ref> {{blockquote|Having pioneered screen acting from vaudeville entertainment into a form of artistic expression, actress Lillian Gish forged a new creative path at a time when more serious thespians regarded motion pictures as a rather base form of employment. Gish brought to her roles a sense of craft substantially different from that practiced by her theatrical colleagues. In time, her sensitive performances elevated not only her stature as an actress, but also the reputation of movies themselves.}} * The Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize * Dem name a street insyd Massillon, Ohio, after Gish, wey na she live der during an early period of ein life wey dem fondly refer to am as ein hometown thru out ein career.<ref>{{cite book |last=Royster |first=Jacqueline Jones |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tV3CKGuGoRkC |title=Profiles of Ohio Women, 1803–2003 |date=2003 |publisher=Ohio University Press |isbn=9780821415085 |pages=224}}</ref> * Dem dedicate François Truffaut ein movie ''Day for Night'' (1973) to Dorothy den Lillian Gish.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dixon|first=Wheeler Winston|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XP4Ugr7Bv8UC|title=Early Film Criticism of Francois Truffaut|date=1993|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=9780253113436|pages=46}}</ref> * Dem mention Gish ein photograph as an inspiration for a troubled soldier insyd de 1933 novel ''Company K''.<ref>{{cite book|last=March|first=William|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gl76tE2r1rQC|title=Company K|date=1989|publisher=University of Alabama Press|isbn=9780817304805|pages=54}}</ref> * De luxury boutique hotel Maison 140, insyd Beverly Hills, begin ein historic life as de home of Hollywood actresses Lillian den Dorothy Gish. De sistos originally convert de mansion into a home for young actresses wey dey cam out make dem find dema way insyd Hollywood. Dem hail from Ohio, dem barb de comforts wey dem go fi miss from home while dem dey explore dema dreams.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maison140.com/about-maison |title=Luxury Beverly Hills Hotel - About Maison 140 |website=maison140.com}}</ref> == Ein discography == * Jerome Kern: ''Show Boat'', John McGlinn, EMI, 1988 wey conduct am == Ein books == ; Autobiographical * ''The Movies, Mr. Griffith, and Me'' (with Ann Pinchot) (Prentice-Hall, 1969) <nowiki>ISBN 9780135366493</nowiki> * ''Dorothy and Lillian Gish'' (Charles Scribner's Sons, 1973) * ''An Actor's Life for Me'' (with Selma G. Lanes) (Viking Penguin, 1987) ; Biographical den topical * Abel, Richard, et al. ''Flickers of Desire: Movie Stars of the 1910s'' (Rutgers University Press, 2011) * Affron, Charles. ''Star Acting: Gish, Garbo, Davis'' (E.P. Dutton, 1977) * Affron, Charles. ''Lillian Gish: Her Legend, Her Life'' (University of California Press, 2002) * Berke, Annie, "'Never Let the Camera Catch Me Acting': Lillian Gish as Actress, Star, and Theorist", ''Historical Journal of Film, Radio, and Television'' 36 (June 2016), 175–89. * Bogdanovich, Peter. ''A Moment with Miss Gish'' (Santa Teresa Press, 1995) * Oderman, Stuart. ''Lillian Gish: A Life on Stage and Screen'' (McFarland, 2000) == Documentaries == * Jeanne Moreau ein 1983 television documentary ''Lillian Gish'' * Terry Sanders dema 1988 documentary ''Lillian Gish: An Actor's Life for Me'' == References == <references /> ==External links== {{sister project links|d=Q104183|c=Category:Lillian Gish|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=Author:Lillian Diana Gish|wikt=no|species=no}} *[https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/42299 Lillian Gish] at the Internet Broadway Database *[[imdbname:0001273|Lillian Gish]] at IMDb *[https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/71895%7C99056/wp Lillian Gish] at the TCM Movie Database * [https://wfpp.cdrs.columbia.edu/pioneer/ccp-lillian-gish/ Lillian Gish] at Women Film Pioneers Project * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131219024648/http://archives.nypl.org/the/21463 Lillian Gish papers, 1909–1992], held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=16f6YcBhBFU Lillian Gish, Helen Hayes, & Mary Martin Interview with Bill Boggs] for YouTube top *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=98cqIiQLKqo Lillian Gish's silent films on wide screen (Trailer)] for YouTube top [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Film actresses]] [[Category:1893 births]] [[Category:1993 deaths]] [[Category:American anti–World War II activists]] [[Category:American women television presenters]] [[Category:Non-interventionism]] [[Category:Silent film directors]] [[Category:Women autobiographers]] [[Category:Kennedy Center honorees]] [[Category:20th-century American Episcopalians]] [[Category:20th-century American actresses]] [[Category:20th-century American non-fiction writers]] [[Category:20th-century American women writers]] [[Category:AFI Life Achievement Award recipients]] [[Category:Academy Honorary Award recipients]] [[Category:Actresses wey komot New Rochelle, New York]] [[Category:Actresses wey komot New York City]] [[Category:Actresses wey komot Ohio]] [[Category:American autobiographers]] [[Category:American child actresses]] [[Category:American film actresses]] [[Category:American people of German descent]] [[Category:American people of Scottish descent]] [[Category:American radio actresses]] [[Category:American silent film actresses]] [[Category:American stage actresses]] [[Category:American television actresses]] [[Category:American television hosts]] [[Category:American women non-fiction writers]] [[Category:American women television hosts]] [[Category:Deaths from congestive heart failure]] [[Category:Episcopalians wey komot Ohio]] [[Category:Film directors wey komot Ohio]] [[Category:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer contract players]] [[Category:New York (state) Republicans]] [[Category:People wey komot Springfield, Ohio]] [[Category:American silent film directors]] [[Category:American women autobiographers]] [[Category:Women film pioneers]] [[Category:Writers wey komot Ohio]] [[Category:America First Committee members]] k2ey6idd4kh2y4q1k5yn4a0k47srj9o 0 1744 112512 108771 2026-09-25T01:43:17Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112512 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mali''', officially de '''Republic of Mali''', be landlocked country insyd [[West Africa]]. Ebe de eighth-largest country insyd Africa, plus area of over {{convert|1241238|km2|sqmi}}.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13881370 "Mali country profile"]. ''BBC News''. 19 October 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230911075500/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13881370 Archived] from the original on 11 September 2023. Retrieved 17 October 2023.</ref> De country is bordered to de north by [[Algeria]], to de east by [[Niger]], to de northwest by [[Mauritania]], to de south by [[Burkina Faso]] den [[Ivory Coast]], den to de west by [[Guinea]] den [[Senegal]]. De population of Mali be 24,478,595,<ref>[https://population.un.org/wpp/ "World Population Prospects 2022"]. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230306213755/https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Files/1_Indicators%20%28Standard%29/EXCEL_FILES/1_General/WPP2022_GEN_F01_DEMOGRAPHIC_INDICATORS_COMPACT_REV1.xlsx "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100"] (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.</ref> 47.19% of wich na dem estimate say ebe under de age of 15 insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.indexmundi.com/mali/age_structure.html |title=Index Mundi using CIA World Factbook statistics, January 20, 2018, retrieved April 13, 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |archive-date=21 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201221011240/https://www.indexmundi.com/mali/age_structure.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Ein capital den largest city be Bamako. De country get 13 official languages, of wich dem mostly dey speak Bambara. == Politics den government == ===Regions den cercles=== [[File:Cartes des régions du Mali,depuis 2023.png|alt=A map of former regions of Mali|thumb|Regions of Mali since 2023]] Since 2016, na dem divide Mali into ten regions den de District of Bamako.<ref>{{cite book | last = Martin | first = Phillip L. | title = Managing Migration: The Promise of Cooperation | url = https://archive.org/details/managingmigratio0000mart | publisher=Lexington Books |date= 2006 | location = Lanham, Maryland | isbn = 978-0-7391-1341-7 |page=[https://archive.org/details/managingmigratio0000mart/page/134 134]}}</ref> Each region get a governor.<ref name=pictures>[[#DiPiazza|DiPiazza]], p. 37.</ref> De implementation of de two newest regions, Taoudénit (formerly part of Tombouctou Region) den Ménaka (formerly Ménaka Cercle insyd Gao Region), na e dey go on since January 2016;<ref>{{cite web|url=https://minusma.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/160328_sg_report_mali_english.pdf|title=Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Mali|date=28 March 2016|publisher=MINUSMA|access-date=21 February 2017|archive-date=22 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222055230/https://minusma.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/160328_sg_report_mali_english.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=malijet>{{cite web |url=http://malijet.com/la_societe_malienne_aujourdhui/144815-regionalisation-deux-nouvelles-regions-creees-au-mali.html |title=Régionalisation: Deux Nouvelles régions créées au Mali |date=21 January 2016 |publisher=Malijet |access-date=21 February 2017 |archive-date=22 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222105836/http://malijet.com/la_societe_malienne_aujourdhui/144815-regionalisation-deux-nouvelles-regions-creees-au-mali.html |url-status=live }}</ref> na dem appoint a governor den transitional council give both regions.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://minusma.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/sg_report_on_the_situation_in_mali_december_2016.pdf |title=Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Mali |date=30 December 2016 |publisher=MINUSMA |access-date=21 February 2017 |archive-date=29 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170129153531/http://minusma.unmissions.org/sites/default/files/sg_report_on_the_situation_in_mali_december_2016.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Since 2023, Mali add nine new regions to ein administrative structure, wey dey bring de total to 19 regions plus de district of Bamako. Dis reorganization dey aim make e improve governance den bring public services closer to local populations. Dis initiative dey continue de decentralization efforts wey begin plus de creation of de Taoudénit den Ménaka regions insyd 2016. Dem subdivide de nineteen regions into 159 ''cercle''s den 815 ''communes''.<ref>{{cite web |date=1999 |title=Loi N°99-035/ Du 10 Aout 1999 Portant Creation des Collectivites Territoriales de Cercles et de Regions |url=http://www.matcl.gov.ml/PDF/LoiCreationCercleReg.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309073942/http://www.matcl.gov.ml/PDF/LoiCreationCercleReg.pdf |archive-date=9 March 2012 |publisher=Ministère de l'Administration Territoriales et des Collectivités Locales, République du Mali |language=fr}}</ref><ref>Djiguiba, Issa (21 September 2024). [https://www.ortm.ml/decoupage-administratif-et-territorial-la-nouvelle-carte-administrative-du-mali-operationnelle "Administrative and territorial division: the new administrative map of Mali is operational"]. ''www.ortm.ml''. Retrieved 6 November 2024.</ref> De ''régions'' den Capital District be:<ref>Coulibaly, Bassidi (October 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20250213015112/https://arpdeveloppement.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/A_14_Theme_9_DGAT.pdf "Etats Generaux De La Decentralisation"] (PDF) (insyd French). ''arpdeveloppement.com''. Retrieved 6 November 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.instat-mali.org/laravel-filemanager/files/shares/rgph/rapport-resultats-globaux-rgph5_rgph.pdf "CINQUIEME RECENSEMENT GENERAL DE LA POPULATION ET DE L'HABITAT (insyd French)"] (PDF). ''www.instat-mali.org''. November 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2024.</ref> {| class="sortable wikitable" |- !No ! Region name || Area (km²) !Population<br />Census 2023 |- |00 | Bamako<br />Capital District|| align="right" |252 |4 227 569 |- |01 | Kayes|| align="right" |62,914 |1 840 329 |- |02 | Koulikoro|| align="right" |71,178 |2 255 157 |- |03 | Sikasso|| align="right" |21,378 |1 533 123 |- |04 | Ségou|| align="right" |31,996 |2 455 263 |- |05 | Mopti|| align="right" |49,077 |935 579 |- |06 | Tombouctou|| align="right" |180,781 |974 278 |- |07 | Gao|| align="right" |89,532 |727 517 |- |08 | Kidal|| align="right" |151,430 |83 192 |- |09 | Taoudénit || align="right" | 323,326 |100 358 |- |10 | Ménaka || align="right" | 81,040 |318 876 |- |11 |Bougouni | align="right" | 41,052 |1 570 979 |- |12 |Dioila | align="right" | 12,984 |675 965 |- |13 |Nioro | align="right" | 24,179 |678 061 |- |14 |Koutiala | align="right" |14,739 |1 169 882 |- |15 |Kita | align="right" |44,175 |681 671 |- |16 |Nara | align="right" |26,213 |307 777 |- |17 |Bandiagara | align="right" |25,709 |868 916 |- |18 |San | align="right" |15,516 |820 807 |- |19 |Douentza | align="right" |63,515 |170 189 |- | colspan="2" |Total | align="right" |1,240,192 |22 395 489 |} == Demographics == === Largest cities in Mali === [edit | edit source] For a more comprehensive list, see List of cities in Mali. {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="8" |Largest cities anaa towns insyd Mali According to de 2009 Census<ref>[http://citypopulation.de/Mali-Cities.html "Mali: Regions, Major Cities & Localities"]. ''Population Statistics in Maps and Charts''. Retrieved 5 September 2019.</ref> |- !Rank !Name !Region !Pop. |- |1 |Bamako |Bamako |1,810,366 |- |2 |Sikasso |Sikasso |226,618 |- |3 |Koutiala |Sikasso |141,444 |- |4 |Ségou |Ségou |133,501 |- |5 |Kayes |Kayes |126,319 |- |6 |Mopti |Mopti |120,786 |- |7 |Kalabancoro |Koulikoro |96,173 |- |8 |Gao |Gao |86,353 |- |9 |Kati |Koulikoro |84,500 |- |10 |San |Ségou |66,967 |} === Languages === According to de 2009 census, na de languages dem dey speak natively insyd Mali be Bambara by 51.5%, Fula (8.3%), Dogon (6.6%) Soninké (5.7%), Songhai (5.3%), Mandinka (5.2%), Minianka (3.8%), Tamasheq (3.2%), Sénoufo (2%), Bobo (1.9%), Tieyaxo Bozo (1.6%), Kassonké (1.1%), Maure (1%), Dafing (0.4%), Samogo (0.4%), Arabic (Hassaniya) (0.3%), oda Malian languages (0.5%), oda African languages (0.2%), den oda non-African languages (0.2%); 0.7% no declare dema first language.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.instat-mali.org/contenu/rgph/rastr09_rgph.pdf|title=4ème RECENSEMENT GENERAL DE LA POPULATION ET DE L'HABITAT DU MALI (RGPH-2009)|publisher=Mali National Institute of Statistics|language=fr|trans-title=4th GENERAL POPULATION CENSUS AND HABITAT OF MALI (RGPH-2009)|access-date=14 December 2019|archive-date=19 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819064921/http://www.instat-mali.org/contenu/rgph/rastr09_rgph.pdf}}</ref> == References == <references /> [[Category:Mali]] [[Category:1960 establishments insyd Africa]] [[Category:1960 establishments for Mali insyd]] [[Category:Arabic-speaking countries den territories]] [[Category:Countries for Africa insyd]] [[Category:Former French colonies]] [[Category:French-speaking countries den territories]] [[Category:Landlocked countries]] [[Category:Least developed countries]] [[Category:Member states of de African Union]] [[Category:Member states of de United Nations]] [[Category:Member states of de Organisation internationale de la Francophonie]] [[Category:Member states of de Organisation of Islamic Cooperation]] [[Category:Republics]] [[Category:Saharan countries]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1960]] [[Category:West African countries]] == Bibliography == * {{cite web|ref=Const|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920144209/http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/CAFRAD/UNPAN002746.pdf|title=Constitution of Mali|language=fr|access-date=2 April 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920144209/https://web.archive.org/web/20180920144209/http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/CAFRAD/UNPAN002746.pdf|archive-date=20 September 2018}} A student-translated [http://confinder.richmond.edu/admin/docs/Mali.pdf English version] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120912141413/http://confinder.richmond.edu/admin/docs/Mali.pdf Archived] 12 September 2012 at the Wayback Machine is also available. * [https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/master/frd/copr/Mali.pdf "Country profile: Mali"] (PDF). Library of Congress – Federal Research Division. January 2005. Retrieved 30 July 2024. ''This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.'' * {{cite book|ref=DiPiazza|last=DiPiazza|first=Francesca Davis|title=Mali in Pictures|publisher=Learner Publishing Group|date=2006|location=Minneapolis, Minnesota|isbn=978-0-8225-6591-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OR4Ovt7U_2IC&pg=PA55|access-date=20 June 2015|archive-date=7 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907193017/https://books.google.com/books?id=OR4Ovt7U_2IC&pg=PA55|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|ref=Milet|author1=Milet, Eric|author2=Manaud, Jean-Luc|name-list-style=amp|title=Mali|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_DC0Dj2if8DwC_2|publisher=Editions Olizane|date=2007|isbn=978-2-88086-351-7|language=fr}} * {{cite book|ref=Velton|last=Velton|first=Ross|title=Mali|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|date=2004|isbn=978-1-84162-077-0}} ==External links== {{sister project links||Mali|voy=Mali}} * [http://primature.ml/ Official website] [https://web.archive.org/web/20200609221350/http://primature.ml/ Archived] 9 June 2020 at the Wayback Machine * [[commons:Atlas_of_Mali|Wikimedia Atlas of Mali]] * {{Osmrelation-inline|192785}} * [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Mali] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/ Archived] 30 March 2021 at the Wayback Machine. ''The World Factbook''. Central Intelligence Agency. * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13881370 Mali profile] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180624085511/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13881370 Archived] 24 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine from the BBC News * [https://www.ictj.org/publication/possibilities-and-challenges-transitional-justice-mali Possibilities and Challenges for Transitional Justice in Mali] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160918152945/https://www.ictj.org/publication/possibilities-and-challenges-transitional-justice-mali Archived] 18 September 2016 at the Wayback Machine from the ICTJ * [https://www.facebook.com/Ngonifamily Facebook group about Ngoni] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220219035049/https://www.facebook.com/Ngonifamily Archived] 19 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine, dem consider am a traditional instrument of Mali; dem sanso know am as Xalam, Jeli N'goni, Hoddu, Khalam, Tehardent, anaa Gambare * [http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/MLI/Year/2012/Summary Mali 2012 Trade Summary Statistics] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140407084716/http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/MLI/Year/2012/Summary Archived] 7 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine * [https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/mali-population/ - Mali Population-Worldometer] lth23zuq1a473ih0v3ygjel8g71lrl7 0 1765 112517 87450 2026-09-25T01:47:12Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112517 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q104109}} '''Gladys Marie Smith''' (April 8, 1892 – May 29, 1979), she be known professionally as '''Mary Pickford''', na she be Canadian-American stage den screen actress den producer wey ein career span five decades. She be pioneer for de US film industry insyd, she co-found Pickford–Fairbanks Studios den United Artists, wey she san so be one of de 36 founders of de Academy of Motion Picture Arts den Sciences.<ref>"Mary Pickford, 86, First Great Film Star, Dies Five Days After Massive Stroke". ''Daily Variety''. May 30, 1979. p. 1. </ref> Dem dey consider Pickford she be one of de most recognisable women for history insyd.<ref name=":0">Whitfield, Eileen: Pickford: the Woman Who Made Hollywood (1997), pp. 8, 25, 28, 115, 125, 126, 131, 300, 376. University Press of Kentucky; ISBN 0-8131-2045-4</ref> == Early life == [[File:Bust_of_Mary_Pickford.jpg|right|thumb|Bust of Mary Pickford for University Avenue, near ein Toronto birthplace]] Na dem born Mary Pickford as Gladys Louise Smith wey<ref>[https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/pickford-1892-1979/ Biography], pbs.org. Accessed December 20, 2023.</ref> insyd 1892, at 211 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario,<ref name=":0" /> now de location of de Hospital for Sick Children. Na ein poppie, John Charles Smith, be de son of English Methodist immigrants, wey he work variety of odd jobs. Na ein mommie, Charlotte Hennessey, be of Irish Catholic descent wey she work for a time as a seamstress. Na she get two younger siblings, both actors. Na dem bill Charlotte as "Lottie Pickford" (born 1893) wey na dem bill John Charles Jr. as "Jack Pickford" (born 1896). Make dem please ein husby ein relatives, Pickford ein mommie baptize ein kiddies as Methodists, de religion of dema poppie. Na John Charles Sr. be alcoholic. He die for February 11, 1898, from a fatal blood clot cause by a workplace accident wen na he be a purser plus Niagara Steamship.<ref name=":0" /> == References == [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Film actresses]] <references /> == Read further == * {{cite book|editor-last=Schmidt|editor-first=Christel|date=2013|title=Mary Pickford: Queen of the Movies|publisher=Library of Congress/University Press of Kentucky|isbn=978-0-8131-3647-9}} * {{cite journal|last=Schmidt|first=Christel|date=2003|title=Preserving Pickford: The Mary Pickford Collection and the Library of Congress|journal=The Moving Image|publisher=Association of Moving Image Archivists|volume=3|issue=1|pages=59–81|doi=10.1353/mov.2003.0013|s2cid=191609277}} * {{cite book|last=Harris|first=Gloria G.|author2=Hannah S. Cohen|title=Women Trailblazers of California: Pioneers to the Present|chapter=Chapter 10. Entertainers|pages=151–65 [163–66]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=U4x2CQAAQBAJ|year=2012|location=Charleston, SC|publisher=The History Press|isbn=978-1609496753}} * {{cite book|title=Scandals of Classic Hollywood|last=Petersen|first=Anne|publisher=Penguin Publishing|year=2014}} * [https://books.google.com/books?id=D9NAciHwjUAC&q=pickford&pg=PA214 Gladys goes to Hollywood] at ''100 Canadian Heroines: Famous and Forgotten Faces'', by Merna Forster, via Google Books, pp.&nbsp;204 sq. == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q104109|c=Category:Mary Pickford|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/56170 Mary Pickford] at de Internet Broadway Database * [[imdbname:0681933|Mary Pickford]] at IMDb * [https://wfpp.cdrs.columbia.edu/pioneer/ccp-mary-pickford/ Mary Pickford] at de Women Film Pioneers Project * [http://www.marypickford.org/home/about-mary/ About Mary Pickford], from de Mary Pickford Foundation website * [https://archive.org/details/MaryPickfordCbcRadioInterviewMay251959 Mary Pickford CBC Radio interview May 25, 1959] * [https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/459453/Mary-Pickford Mary Pickford] at de ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170401202459/http://www.itnsource.com/shotlist//BHC_RTV/1919/03/20/BGT407052794/ Footage of Mary Pickford with Charlie Chaplin and Douglas Fairbanks in 1919] * [http://www.virtual-history.com/movie/person/776/mary-pickford Mary Pickford] at Virtual History * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304125330/http://archives.nypl.org/the/21298 Mary Pickford–Buddy Rogers correspondence, 1943–1976], hold by de Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010323/http://archives.nypl.org/the/21850 Mary Pickford scrapbook, 1915–1917], hold by de Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts * [http://catalog.oscars.org/vwebv/holdingsInfo?bibId=66592 Mary Pickford papers], Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences * [http://www.oldmagazinearticles.com/article-summary/mary-pickford-bio#.XtBTk2hKizm ''Mary Pickford – Whose Real Name is Gladys Smith'' from ''Current Opinion Magazine'', June, 1918] [[Category:1892 births]] [[Category:1979 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century American actresses]] [[Category:20th-century American businesspeople]] [[Category:20th-century Canadian actresses]] [[Category:Academy Honorary Award recipients]] [[Category:Academy of Motion Picture Arts den Sciences founders]] [[Category:Actresses wey komot Toronto]] [[Category:American company founders]] [[Category:American women company founders]] [[Category:American film actresses]] [[Category:American film production company founders]] [[Category:American film producers]] [[Category:American people of English descent]] [[Category:American people of Irish descent]] [[Category:American radio actresses]] [[Category:American silent film actresses]] [[Category:American stage actresses]] [[Category:American women screenwriters]] [[Category:Best Actress Academy Award winners]] [[Category:Businesspeople wey komot Toronto]] [[Category:Canadian emigrants to de United States]] [[Category:Canadian film actresses]] [[Category:Film producers wey komot Ontario]] [[Category:Canadian people of English descent]] [[Category:Canadian people of Irish descent]] [[Category:Canadian silent film actresses]] [[Category:Canadian women film producers]] [[Category:Canadian women screenwriters]] [[Category:Paramount Pictures contract players]] [[Category:Naturalized citizens of de United States]] [[Category:United Artists people]] [[Category:Canadian vaudeville performers]] [[Category:Canadian women company founders]] [[Category:Women film pioneers]] [[Category:Screenwriters wey komot Toronto]] [[Category:20th-century American women writers]] [[Category:20th-century Canadian screenwriters]] [[Category:California Republicans]] [[Category:20th-century American screenwriters]] lmsf5868er2wdy5suy182ium2xi67x4 0 1798 112524 104058 2026-09-25T01:58:00Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112524 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Namibia''' ([[:en:Help:IPA/English|/nəˈmɪbiə/]] ^{[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3e/En-ca-Namibia.oga/En-ca-Namibia.oga.mp3 ⓘ]}, [[:en:Help:IPA/English|/næˈ-/]]),<ref>Wells, John C. (2008), ''Longman Pronunciation Dictionary'' (3rd ed.), Longman, ISBN 978-1405881180</ref><ref>Roach, Peter (2011), ''Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary'' (18th ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0521152532</ref> officially de '''Republic of Namibia''', be a country insyd Southern Africa. Ein western border be de Atlantic Ocean. E dey share land borders plus [[Angola]] den [[Zambia]] to de north, [[Botswana]] to de east den [[South Africa]] to de east den south. Although e no dey border [[Zimbabwe]], less dan 200 metres (660 feet) of de Botswanan right bank of de Zambezi River dey separate de two countries. Ein capital den largest city be Windhoek. De driest country insyd sub-Saharan Africa,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2012/10/23/world/africa/namibia-eye-on-country-profile/index.html|title=Namibia country profile: moving on from a difficult past|author=Peter Shadbolt|publisher=CNN|date=24 October 2012|access-date=3 June 2018|archive-date=20 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200220120821/https://edition.cnn.com/2012/10/23/world/africa/namibia-eye-on-country-profile/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Na dem inhabit Namibia since pre-historic times by de Khoi, San, Damara den Nama people. Around de 14th century, immigrating Bantu peoples arrive as part of de Bantu expansion. From 1600 de Ovambo form kingdoms, such as Ondonga den Oukwanyama.<ref name="Frieda 1991">{{Cite book|last=Williams|first=Frieda-Nela|url=https://www.namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/e98ba4fc1c8f59083fee9dc64a32083e.pdf|title=Precolonial Communities of Southwestern Africa: A history of Owambo Kingdoms 1600-1920|publisher=National Archives of Namibia|year=1991|access-date=2024-03-07|archive-date=2024-03-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240307225349/https://www.namibiadigitalrepository.com/files/original/e98ba4fc1c8f59083fee9dc64a32083e.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Namibia be a member state of de United Nations, de [[Southern African Development Community]], de [[African Union]] den de Commonwealth of Nations. ==Geography== [[File:Namib Desert Namibia(2).jpg|thumb|Sand dunes of de Namib desert]] [[File:SAC Namibia-cactus.jpg|thumb|Fish River Canyon]] At {{convert|825615|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}},<ref>{{cite web|title=Rank Order&nbsp;– Area|publisher=CIA World Fact Book|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html|access-date=12 April 2008|archive-date=9 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209041128/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Namibia be de world ein thirty-fourth largest country (after Venezuela). E dey lie mostly between latitudes 17° den 29°S (a small area be north of 17°), den longitudes 11° den 26°E. E dey situate between de Namib den de Kalahari deserts, Namibia get de least rainfall of any country insyd sub-Saharan Africa.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Land degradation causes poverty|last=Brandt|first=Edgar|newspaper=New Era|date=21 September 2012|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201209211357.html|access-date=30 September 2013|archive-date=20 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141020104012/http://allafrica.com/stories/201209211357.html|url-status=live}}</ref> De Namibian landscape dey consist generally of five geographical areas, each plus characteristic abiotic conditions den vegetation, plus sam variation within wey dey overlap between dem: de Central Plateau, de Namib, de Great Escarpment, de Bushveld, den de Kalahari Desert. De Central Plateau dey run from north to south, border by de Skeleton Coast to de northwest, de Namib Desert den ein coastal plains to de southwest, de Orange River to de south, den de Kalahari Desert to de east. De Central Plateau be home to de highest point insyd Namibia for Königstein elevation {{convert|2606|m|ft|0}}.<ref name="elevation">{{cite web|url=http://landsat.usgs.gov/gallery/detail/367/|title=Landsat.usgs.gov|publisher=Landsat.usgs.gov|access-date=26 June 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907062948/http://landsat.usgs.gov/gallery/detail/367/|archive-date=7 September 2008}}</ref> ===Urban settlements=== Namibia ge 13 cities, govern by municipalities den 26 towns, govern by town councils.<ref name=EW15>{{Cite news|title=Know Your Local Authority|newspaper=Election Watch|publisher=Institute for Public Policy Research|year=2015|issue=3|page=4}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Hartman|first=Adam|title=Town regrading a 'sad move'|newspaper=The Namibian|date=27 August 2010|page=1|url=https://www.namibian.com.na/index.php?id=69963&page=archive-read|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317023725/http://www.namibian.com.na/news-articles/national/full-story/archive/2010/august/article/town-regrading-a-sad-move/|archive-date=17 March 2012}}</ref> De capital Windhoek be by far de largest urban settlement insyd Namibia. {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="8" |Largest cities anaa towns insyd Namibia According to de 2023 Census<ref>[http://citypopulation.de/Namibia.html "Namibia"]. ''citypopulation.de''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190619121656/http://www.citypopulation.de/Namibia.html Archived] from the original on 19 June 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2022.</ref> |- !Rank !Name !Region !Pop. |- |1 |Windhoek |Khomas |486,169 |- |2 |Rundu |Kavango East |118,625 |- |3 |Walvis Bay |Erongo |102,704 |- |4 |Swakopmund |Erongo |75,921 |- |5 |Oshakati |Oshana |58,696 |- |6 |Otjiwarongo |Otjozondjupa |49,022 |- |7 |Katima Mulilo |Zambezi |46,401 |- |8 |Okahandja |Otjozondjupa |45,159 |- |9 |Rehoboth |Hardap |40,788 |- |10 |Tsumeb |Oshikoto |34,960 |} ===Wildlife=== Namibia get various species of wildlife wey dey include de wild dog, dik dik den critically endangered black rhino. Der be 200 terrestrial mammal species, 645 bird species den 115 fish species.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Simmons|first1=R. E.|last2=Griffin|first2=M.|last3=Griffin|first3=R. E.|last4=Marais|first4=E.|last5=Kolberg|first5=H.|date=1 April 1998|title=Endemism in Namibia: patterns, processes and predictions|url=https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008879712736|journal=Biodiversity & Conservation|volume=7|issue=4|pages=513–530|doi=10.1023/A:1008879712736|s2cid=22160591|issn=1572-9710|access-date=22 December 2023|archive-date=18 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518174438/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1008879712736|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Curtis|first1=Barbara|last2=Roberts|first2=Kevin S.|last3=Griffin|first3=Michael|last4=Bethune|first4=Shirley|last5=Hay|first5=Clinton J.|last6=Kolberg|first6=Holger|date=1 April 1998|title=Species richness and conservationof Namibian freshwater macro-invertebrates,fish and amphibians|journal=Biodiversity & Conservation|volume=7|issue=4|pages=447–466|doi=10.1023/A:1008871410919|issn=1572-9710|doi-access=free}}</ref> == Government den politics == [[File:Tintenpalast-Windhoek.jpg|thumb|Tintenpalast, de centre of Namibia ein government]] ===Administrative divisions=== [[File:Namibia Population Density (2011).jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Population density insyd Namibia by regions (census 2011)]]De table below dey show statistics from de 2023 Namibia Population den Housing Census: {| class="wikitable" |+ |'''Region''' |'''Population (2023)''' !People per km² !Average household size |- |Khomas |494,605 |13.4 |3.3 |- |Ohangwena |337,729 |31.5 |4.8 |- |Omusati |316,671 |11.9 |4.2 |- |Oshikoto |257,302 |6.7 |4.1 |- |Erongo |240,206 |3.8 |3.1 |- |Oshana |230,801 |26.7 |3.7 |- |Otjozondjupa |220,811 |2.1 |3.6 |- |Kavango East |218,421 |9.1 |5.3 |- |Zambezi |142,373 |9.7 |3.7 |- |Kavango West |123,266 |5.0 |5.5 |- |Kunene |120,762 |1.0 |3.8 |- |Hardap |106,680 |1.0 |3.6 |- |ǁKaras |109,893 |0.7 |3.1 |- |Omaheke |102,881 |1.2 |3.3 |} Dem dey elect regional councillors directly elected thru secret ballots (regional elections) by de inhabitants of dema constituencies.<ref>{{cite web|title=Namibia National Council|url=http://www.ipu.org/parline/reports/2226.htm|publisher=Inter-Parliamentary Union|access-date=14 July 2010|archive-date=10 May 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510002301/http://www.ipu.org/parline/reports/2226.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Local authorities insyd Namibia fi be in de form of municipalities (either Part 1 anaa Part 2 municipalities), town councils anaa villages.<ref name=alan>{{cite web|title=Local Authorities|url=http://www.alan.org.na/?q=localauthorities/list|publisher=Association of Local Authorities in Namibia|access-date=10 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130610203011/http://www.alan.org.na/?q=localauthorities%2Flist|archive-date=10 June 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Demographics == De 2011 Population den Housing Census count 2,113,077 inhabitants. Between 2001 den 2011 na de annual population growth be 1.4%, down from 2.6% insyd de previous ten-year period.<ref name="snapshot">{{cite news|last=Duddy|first=Jo Maré|date=28 March 2013|title=Census gives snapshot of Namibia's population|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201303280355.html?page=2|access-date=26 August 2017|newspaper=The Namibian|archive-date=1 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201225132/http://allafrica.com/stories/201303280355.html?page=2|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd 2023, de Namibia Statistics Agency conduct anoda census, wich count 3,022,401 inhabitants.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Namibia Statistics Agency {{!}} Census Disemination|url=https://census.nsa.org.na/|access-date=13 August 2024}}</ref> ===Ethnic groups=== De Namibian population dey comprise Bantu den Khoisan peoples. De Bantu groups dey include de Herero, Kavango, Lozi, Ovambo, den Tswana peoples. De Khoisan groups encompass de Baster/Coloured, Damara, Nama, den San peoples. Der be a substantial Chinese minority insyd Namibia; e stand for 40,000 insyd 2006.<ref>{{cite web|author=Malia Politzer|date=August 2008|title=China and Africa: Stronger Economic Ties Mean More Migration|url=http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?id=690|access-date=10 September 2013|publisher=Migration Information Source|archive-date=29 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140129114909/http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?id=690|url-status=live}}</ref>[[File:Himba Woman and Family.JPG|thumb|Himba people insyd northern Namibia]] ===Education=== [[File:42817 06.JPG|thumb|Secondary school students]]Chaw schools insyd Namibia be state-run, buh der be sam private schools, wich sanso be part of de country ein education system. Der be four teacher training universities, three colleges of agriculture, a police training college, den three universities: [[University of Namibia]] (UNAM), [[International University of Management]] (IUM) den [[Namibia University of Science and Technology]] (NUST). Na dem rank Namibia 102nd insyd de Global Innovation Index for 2024 insyd.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/global-innovation-index-2024/en/|title=Global Innovation Index 2024. Unlocking the Promise of Social Entrepreneurship|access-date=2024-10-22|author=World Intellectual Property Organization|year=2024|isbn=978-92-805-3681-2|doi=10.34667/tind.50062|website=www.wipo.int|location=Geneva|page=18}}</ref> De 2018 Namibia Labour Force Survey dey indicate say 99,536 people within de working age population get tertiary education of any level (6.6% of de working age population), while 21,922 (1.5% of de working age population) of dese get postgraduate education. {| class="wikitable" ! Age group ! No education ! Primary ! Junior secondary ! Senior secondary ! Technical/vocational certificate anaa diploma ! Currently insyd year 1, 2 anaa 3 of tertiary education ! University certificate, diploma anaa degree ! Postgraduate certificate, diploma anaa degree |- |15–19 |10,695 |89,696 |112,104 |23,588 |508 |1,558 |299 |44 |- |20–24 |19,090 |37,177 |99,661 |58,909 |6,185 |9,498 |6,019 |212 |- |25–29 |13,757 |31,278 |81,909 |53,019 |7,263 |9,035 |16,294 |3,840 |- |30–34 |13,753 |25,656 |73,216 |39,969 |4,886 |3,161 |15,520 |2,764 |- |35–39 |13,030 |24,926 |55,816 |30,999 |3,497 |2,582 |10,831 |3,290 |- |40–44 |16,042 |24,602 |38,462 |26,786 |3,508 |1,605 |7,284 |2,603 |- |45–49 |12,509 |24,743 |27,780 |18,883 |1,180 |896 |6,752 |2,663 |- |50–54 |12,594 |22,360 |20,641 |10,810 |891 |582 |5,529 |2,522 |- |55–59 |12,754 |19,927 |13,654 |5,487 |825 |848 |4,064 |1,712 |- |60–64 |13,832 |14,578 |8,006 |2,764 |584 |459 |2,135 |1,570 |- |65+ |49,043 |31,213 |10,033 |3,415 |775 |389 |2,886 |702 |- |'''Total''' |'''187,100''' |'''346,157''' |'''541,281''' |'''274,628''' |'''30,101''' |'''30,612''' |'''77,615''' |'''21,922''' |} De table wey dey follow dey show de 2018 Namibia Labour Force Survey employment statistics by education. Employment rates insyd Namibia generally increase plus education status. A high school education typically dey ensure greater employment rates dan those plus no education anaa those plus primary anaa junior secondary education as dema highest achievement. Namibians plus a university certificate, diploma anaa degree get a significantly higher employment rate for 76.4%, while postgraduate education holders be most likely make dem employ dem plus an employment rate of 83.8% insyd 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cirrus Data|url=https://cirrus.com.na/dataportal/|access-date=9 November 2023|website=cirrus.com.na|archive-date=9 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109150442/https://cirrus.com.na/dataportal/|url-status=live}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" | |No education |Primary |Junior secondary |Senior secondary |Technical/vocational certificate anaa diploma |Currently insyd year 1, 2 anaa 3 of tertiary education |University certificate, diploma anaa degree |Postgraduate certificate, diploma anaa degree |- |Total |187,100 |346,157 |541,281 |274,628 |30,101 |30,612 |77,615 |21,922 |- |Employed |85,352 |146,089 |229,259 |146,874 |16,292 |12,595 |59,328 |18,378 |- |'''% Employed''' |'''45.6%''' |'''42.2%''' |'''42.4%''' |'''53.5%''' |'''54.1%''' |'''41.1%''' |'''76.4%''' |'''83.8%''' |} == References == <references /> [[Category:Namibia]] [[Category:Southern African countries]] [[Category:Member states of de African Union]] [[Category:Countries den territories wer English be official language]] [[Category:Member states of de Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1990]] [[Category:Member states of de United Nations]] [[Category:Republics insyd de Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:Former German colonies]] [[Category:1990 establishments insyd Africa]] [[Category:Countries for Africa insyd]] == Sources == * Vedder, Heinrich (1997). ''Das alte Südwestafrika. Südwestafrikas Geschichte bis zum Tode Mahareros 1890'' [''The old South-West Africa. South-West Africa's history until Maharero's death 1890''] (in German) (7th ed.). Windhoek: Namibia Scientific Society. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-949995-33-9|978-0-949995-33-9]]</bdi>. * Olusoga, David; Erichsen, Casper W. (2010). ''The Kaiser's Holocaust: Germany's Forgotten Genocide''. London, England: Farber and Farber. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-571-23142-3|978-0-571-23142-3]]</bdi>. * {{cite journal|last=Besenyo|first=Molnar|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217203716/http://knbsz.gov.hu/hu/letoltes/szsz/2013_1_spec.pdf|title=UN peacekeeping in Namibia|journal=Tradecraft Review|publisher=Military National Security Service|location=Budapest, Hungary|year=2013|issue=2013/1. Special Issue|pages=93–109|access-date=8 November 2014|archive-date=17 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217203716/https://web.archive.org/web/20141217203716/http://knbsz.gov.hu/hu/letoltes/szsz/2013_1_spec.pdf|url-status=dead}} * Christy, S. A. (2007). ''Namibian Travel Photography''. * Horn, N/Bösl, A (eds.). ''Human rights and the rule of law in Namibia'', Macmillan Namibia, 2008. * Horn, N/Bösl, A (eds.). ''The independence of the judiciary in Namibia'', Macmillan Namibia, 2008. * KAS Factbook Namibia, Facts and figures about the status and development of Namibia, Ed. Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e.V. * Fritz, Jean-Claude. ''La Namibie indépendante. Les coûts d'une décolonisation retardée'', Paris: L'Harmattan, 1991. * ''World Almanac''. 2004. New York, NY: World Almanac Books. == External links == {{Sister project links|voy=Namibia|collapsible=collapsed}} * [https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/namibia/ Namibia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210110010829/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/namibia Archived] 10 January 2021 at the Wayback Machine. ''The World Factbook''. Central Intelligence Agency. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221805/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/namibia.htm Namibia] from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' (archived 3 March 2016) * [[commons:Atlas_of_Namibia|Wikimedia Atlas of Namibia]] * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=NA Key Development Forecasts for Namibia] [https://web.archive.org/web/20121011142941/http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=NA Archived] 11 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine from International Futures * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121204101417/http://www.grnnet.gov.na/ Republic of Namibia] Government Portal (archived 3 December 2012) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081210072855/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-n/namibia.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members] (archived 10 December 2008) {{Authority control}} 1i75lmmylgn4ivtoqxp2mth87qsia9o 0 1818 112526 108588 2026-09-25T02:03:17Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112526 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q6970328}} De '''National Amalgamated Central, Local and Parastatal Manual Workers' Union''' (often referred to as The Manual Workers) be sam trade union for Botswana insyd. == References == *ICTUR; et al., eds. (2005). {{cite book | year = 2005 | title = Trade Unions of the World | url = https://archive.org/details/tradeunionsofwor0000unse_r8t5 | editor = | editor-link = International Centre for Trade Union Rights |display-editors=etal | edition = 6th | publisher = John Harper Publishing | location = London, UK | isbn = 0-9543811-5-7 }} *{{cite web |title=Trade Unions in Botswana |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf |accessdate=2006-03-20 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/https://web.archive.org/web/20071011073303/http://botswana.fes-international.de/Downloads/BFTUCountryReport2003.pdf |archivedate=October 11, 2007 }} [[Category:Botswana Federation of Trade Unions]] [[Category:Trade unions for Botswana insyd]] [[Category:Organisations wey dey Gaborone insyd]] [[Category:Botswana stubs]] [[Category:African trade union stubs]] [[Category:Botswana]] 90uqszpnc3py5l1nhuzrk4vu2m9wtxt 0 1907 112551 110522 2026-09-25T02:41:53Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 29 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112551 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Rwanda,''' officially de '''Republic of Rwanda''', be a landlocked country insyd de Great Rift Valley of East Africa, wer de African Great Lakes region den Southeast Africa converge. E dey locate a few degrees south of de Equator, Rwanda be bordered by [[Uganda]], [[Tanzania]], [[Burundi]], den de [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]. Ebe highly elevated, wey dey give am de sobriquet "land of a thousand hills" (French: ''pays des mille collines''), plus ein geography wey mountains dominate am insyd de west den savanna to de southeast, plus chaw lakes thru out de country. De climate be temperate to subtropical, plus two rainy seasons den two dry seasons each year. Ebe de most densely populated mainland African country; among countries larger dan 10,000&nbsp;km², ebe de fifth-most densely populated country insyd de world. Ein capital den largest city be Kigali. De country be a member of de [[African Union]], de United Nations, de Commonwealth of Nations (one of few member states wey no get any historical links plus de British Empire), COMESA, OIF den de East African Community. == Demographics == {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="8" | Largest cities anaa towns insyd Rwanda Source:<ref>[https://simplemaps.com/static/data/country-cities/rw/rw.xlsx "Rwanda Cities by Population"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230621232859/https://simplemaps.com/static/data/country-cities/rw/rw.xlsx Archived] from the original on 21 June 2023. Retrieved 21 June 2023.</ref> |- !Rank !Name !Province !Pop. |- |1 |Kigali |Kigali |1,132,168 |- |2 |Gisenyi |Western |136,830 |- |3 |Butare |Southern |89,600 |- |4 |Gitarama |Southern |87,163 |- |5 |Ruhengeri |Northern |86,685 |- |6 |Byumba |Northern |70,593 |- |7 |Cyangugu |Western |63,883 |- |8 |Kibuye |Western |48,024 |- |9 |Rwamagana |Eastern |47,203 |- |10 |Nzega |Southern |46,240 |} == References == <references /> == Sources == *{{cite book |last=Adekunle |first=Julius |year=2007 |title=Culture and customs of Rwanda |location=Westport, Conn. |publisher=Greenwood Press |isbn=978-0-313-33177-0 |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=g0FC40EQujwC}} }} *{{cite web |author=African Development Bank (AfDB) |date=26 August 2011 |title=Boosting Rwanda's Energy Sector: AfDB, other Lenders Commit USD 91.25 million to Kivuwatt Project |author-link= |url=http://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/article/boosting-rwandas-energy-sector-afdb-other-lenders-commit-usd-91-25-million-to-kivuwatt-project-8338/ |access-date=10 November 2015 |ref={{sfnRef|AfDB|2011}} |archive-date=5 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130105120930/http://www.afdb.org/en/news-and-events/article/boosting-rwandas-energy-sector-afdb-other-lenders-commit-usd-91-25-million-to-kivuwatt-project-8338/ |url-status=live }} *{{cite book |author1=African Development Bank (AfDB) |author2=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Development Centre |year=2006 |title=African Economic Outlook |edition=5 |location=Paris |publisher=OECD Publishing |isbn=978-92-64-02243-0 |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=fpEFOR6WmfYC}} |ref={{sfnRef|AfDB|OECD Development Centre|2006}} }} *{{cite news |author=Agence Africaine de Presse |date=24 July 2015 |title=Rwanda, DR Congo open trade talks |location=Dakar |url=http://www.apanews.net/abonnes/connection.php?id=829578&lg=fr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003092331/http://apanews.net/abonnes/connection.php?id=829578&lg=fr |archive-date=3 October 2015 |access-date=30 October 2015 |url-status=dead }} *{{cite news |author=Agence France-Presse |date=16 August 2002 |title=Ethnic origins ignored in Rwanda's first census since genocide |author-link= |location=Paris |url=http://reliefweb.int/report/rwanda/ethnic-origins-ignored-rwandas-first-census-genocide |access-date=30 October 2015 |archive-date=3 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203195050/http://reliefweb.int/report/rwanda/ethnic-origins-ignored-rwandas-first-census-genocide |url-status=live }} *{{cite news |last=Aglietti |first=Stephanie |date=11 September 2014 |title=Rwanda cricket, growing a game of hope |agency=Agence France-Presse |location=Paris |work=Yahoo Sports |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/news/rwanda-cricket-growing-game-hope-064714133--spt.html |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=17 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017171700/https://sports.yahoo.com/news/rwanda-cricket-growing-game-hope-064714133--spt.html |url-status=live }} *{{cite news |last=Agutamba |first=Kenneth |date=4 December 2014 |title=Rwanda graft index falters but ranking unaffected |work=The New Times |location=Kigali |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2014-12-04/183704/ |access-date=30 August 2015 |archive-date=10 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010195947/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2014-12-04/183704/ |url-status=live }} *{{cite news |author=Al Jazeera |date=20 September 2007 |title=Rwanda blames DR Congo for violence |author-link=|location=Doha |url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2007/09/2008525143037439552.html |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=13 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513110341/http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2007/09/2008525143037439552.html |url-status=live }} *{{cite news |last=Anyango |first=Gloria I. |date=4 February 2010 |title=The Barbecue Chef who masters his roast |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2010-02-04/93743/ |work=The New Times |location=Kigali |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=10 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010200023/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2010-02-04/93743/ |url-status=live}} *{{cite book |last1=Appiah |first1=Anthony |last2=Gates |first2=Henry Louis |year=2010 |title=Encyclopedia of Africa, Volume 1 |edition=illustrated |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0XNvklcqbwC |isbn=978-0-19-533770-9 |access-date=23 August 2019 |archive-date=11 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111210158/https://books.google.com/books?id=A0XNvklcqbwC |url-status=live}} *{{cite news |last=Asiimwe |first=Bosco R |date=28 September 2011 |title=Gov't to sanction officials who failed to declare wealth |work=The New Times |location=Kigali |url=http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2011-09-27/35369/ |access-date=10 November 2015 |archive-date=10 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010200053/http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/article/2011-09-27/35369/ |url-status=live}} *{{cite news |last=Asiimwe |first=Dicta |date=20 December 2014 |title=Uganda races to meet Monetary Union date |work=The EastAfrican |location=Nairobi |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/Uganda-races-to-meet-Monetary-Union-date/-/2558/2563504/-/13p67lh/-/index.html |access-date=31 August 2015 |archive-date=8 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208071646/http://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/Uganda-races-to-meet-Monetary-Union-date/-/2558/2563504/-/13p67lh/-/index.html |url-status=dead}} *{{cite book |last=Auzias |first=Dominique |year=2007 |title=Rwanda |location=Paris |publisher=Petit Futé |language=fr |isbn=978-2-7469-2037-8 |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=TyMs5XGSIzQC}}}} *{{cite news |last=Banda |first=Honoré |date=12 February 2015 |title=Rwanda's job crunch |publisher=The Africa Report |location=Paris |url=http://www.theafricareport.com/East-Horn-Africa/rwandas-job-crunch.html |access-date=7 September 2015 |archive-date=19 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119105348/http://www.theafricareport.com/East-Horn-Africa/rwandas-job-crunch.html |url-status=live}} *{{cite web |url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2015/02/27/090224b082b6d3c9/2_0/Rendered/PDF/Scaling0up0acc000the0case0of0Rwanda.pdf |title=Scaling Up Access to Electricity: The Case of Rwanda |publisher=World Bank Group |first1=Paul |last1=Baringanire |first2=Kabir |last2=Malik |first3=Sudeshna Ghosh |last3=Banerjee |year=2014 |access-date=10 October 2015 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|location=Newcastle upon Tyne |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |isbn=978-1-4438-1993-0 |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=L0MaBwAAQBAJ}}}} *{{cite book |last1=Wiredu |first1=Kwasi |last2=Abraham |first2=William E. |last3=Irele |first3=Abiola |last4=Menkiti |first4=Ifeanyi |year=2006 |title=A companion to African philosophy |location=Malden, MA |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |isbn=978-1-4051-4567-1 |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=0HIbKtzjcQYC}}}} *{{cite web |author=World Bank (II) |title=Internet users (per 100 people), graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.P2/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 November 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408164537/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IT.NET.USER.P2/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live}} *{{cite web |author=World Bank (III) |title=School enrollment, tertiary (% gross), graph 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|title=Health expenditure, public (% of GDP), 1995–1999 |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.PUBL.ZS |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=27 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227163701/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.PUBL.ZS |url-status=live}} *{{cite web |author=World Bank (VII) |title=Life expectancy at birth, total (years), graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408225203/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live}} *{{cite web |author=World Bank (VIII) |title=Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), graph |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.MORT/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 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|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ST.INT.ARVL/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=19 August 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408171020/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ST.INT.ARVL/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live}} *{{cite web |author=World Bank (XII) |title=GINI index (World Bank estimate) |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI?locations=RW |access-date=12 May 2019 |archive-date=12 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512101547/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI%3Flocations%3DRW |url-status=live}} *{{cite web |author=World Bank (XIII) |title=Access to electricity (% of population) |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS/countries/RW?display=graph |access-date=13 November 2015 |archive-date=8 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408203836/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS/countries/RW?display=graph |url-status=live}} *{{cite journal |author=World Health Organization (WHO) |year=2008 |title=Sharing the burden of sickness: mutual health insurance in Rwanda |journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |issn=0042-9686 |volume=86 |issue=11 |pages=817–908 |url=https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/11/08-021108/en/index.html |ref={{sfnRef|WHO|2008}} |access-date=5 October 2020 |archive-date=25 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025225716/http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/11/08-021108/en/index.html |url-status=dead}} *{{cite web |author=World Resources Report |year=2011 |title=Maintenance of Hydropower Potential in Rwanda Through Ecosystem Restoration |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324153346/http://www.worldresourcesreport.org/files/wrr/WRR%20Case%20Study_Ecosystem%20Restoration%20and%20Hydropower%20in%20Rwanda_0.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324153346/https://web.archive.org/web/20120324153346/http://www.worldresourcesreport.org/files/wrr/WRR%20Case%20Study_Ecosystem%20Restoration%20and%20Hydropower%20in%20Rwanda_0.pdf |archive-date=24 March 2012 |access-date=16 November 2015}} == External links == {{Sister project links|voy=Rwanda|Rwanda}} '''Government''': *[http://www.gov.rw/ The Republic of Rwanda] (official government site) '''General''': *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210109091722/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/rwanda Rwanda]. ''The World Factbook''. Central Intelligence Agency. *[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14093238 Rwanda profile] from the BBC News *{{cite web |title=Rwanda Convention Bureau |date=18 October 2019 |url=https://www.micemag.com/rwanda-convention-bureau/}} *{{Osmrelation-inline|171496}} '''Tourism''': *[https://web.archive.org/web/20250803051901/https://visitrwanda.com/ Rwanda Tourism] (official Rwanda Tourism Board site) {{Authority control}} [[Category:Rwanda| ]] [[Category:1962 establishments insyd Africa]] [[Category:Central African countries]] [[Category:East African countries]] [[Category:French-speaking countries den territories]] [[Category:Landlocked countries]] [[Category:Least developed countries]] [[Category:Member states of de African Union]] [[Category:Member states of de Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:Member states of de Organisation internationale de la Francophonie]] [[Category:Member states of de United Nations]] [[Category:Republics insyd de Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1962]] [[Category:Swahili-speaking countries den territories]] [[Category:Countries den territories wer English be official language]] [[Category:Countries for Africa insyd]] afvpap6tariyafw9eeuwp31ty362nyw 0 1966 112564 108759 2026-09-25T02:51:44Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112564 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sudan''', officially de '''Republic of the Sudan''', be a country insyd Northeast Africa. E dey border de [[Central African Republic]] to de southwest, [[Chad]] to de west, [[Libya]] to de northwest, [[Egypt]] to de north, de Red Sea to de east, [[Eritrea]] den [[Ethiopia]] to de southeast, den [[South Sudan]] to de south. Sudan get a population of 50 million people as of 2024<ref>{{cite web |title=Sudan Population 2024 (Live) |url=https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/sudan-population/ |access-date=1 June 2024 |website=}}</ref> wey e dey occupy 1,886,068 square kilometres (728,215 square miles), wey dey make am [[Africa]] ein third-largest country by area den de third-largest by area insyd de Arab League. Na ebe de largest country by area insyd Africa den de Arab League til de secession of South Sudan insyd 2011;<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html#su |title=Area |work=The World Factbook |publisher=U.S. Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=13 May 2018 |archive-date=26 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226211750/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html#su |url-status=dead }}</ref> since then na [[Algeria]] hold both titles. Sudan ein capital den most populous city be Khartoum. Na [[Islam]] be Sudan ein state religion wey na dem dey apply de Islamic laws from 1983 til 2020 wen de country cam turn a secular state.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130902160838/http://sudan.gov.sd/ar/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=39&Itemid=75 "عن السودان"] (in Arabic). Archived from [http://sudan.gov.sd/ar/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=39&Itemid=75 the original] on 2 September 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2017.</ref> Sudan be a least developed country den among de poorest countries for de world insyd,<ref>{{Cite web|title=World Bank Open Data|url=https://data.worldbank.org/|access-date=2024-05-31|website=World Bank Open Data}}</ref> wey dey rank 170th for de Human Development Index as of 2024 den 185th by nominal GDP per capita. Ein economy dey largely rely for agriculture top secof international sanctions den isolation, as well as a history of internal instability den factional violence. De large majority of Sudan be dry den over 60% of Sudan ein population dey live insyd poverty. Sudan be a member of de United Nations, Arab League, [[African Union]], COMESA, Non-Aligned Movement den de Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. == Government den politics == === Administrative divisions === Dem divide Sudan into 18 states (''wilayat'', sing. ''wilayah''). Dem further divide dem into 133 districts. [[File:Political Regions of Sudan, July 2010.svg|thumb|{{legend|#f7931d|Central den northern states}} {{legend|#8cc63f|Darfur}} {{legend|#800080|Eastern Front}} {{legend|#FFFF00|Abyei Area}} {{legend|#fb6282|South Kurdufan den Blue Nile states}}]] {{div col|colwidth=10em|content= * Gezira * Al Qadarif * Blue Nile * Central Darfur * East Darfur * Kassala * Khartoum * North Darfur * North Kordofan * Northern * Red Sea * River Nile * Sennar * South Darfur * South Kordofan * West Darfur * West Kordofan * White Nile }} == Demographics == === Urban areas === {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="9" |Largest cities anaa towns insyd Sudan According to de 2008 census<ref>[http://citypopulation.de/Sudan.html "Sudan: States, Major Cities, Towns"]. ''citypopulation.de''. Retrieved 26 July 2021.</ref> |- !Rank !Name !State !Pop. |- |1 |Omdurman |Khartoum |1,849,659 |- |2 |Khartoum |Khartoum |1,410,858 |- |3 |Khartoum North |Khartoum |1,012,211 |- |4 |Nyala |South Darfur |492,984 |- |5 |Port Sudan |Red Sea |394,561 |- |6 |El-Obeid |North Kordofan |345,126 |- |7 |Kassala |Kassala |298,529 |- |8 |Wad Madani |Gezira |289,482 |- |9 |El-Gadarif |Al Qadarif |269,395 |- |10 |Al-Fashir |North Darfur |217,827 |} == References == <references /> [[Category:Sudan]] [[Category:1956 establishments insyd Africa]] [[Category:Arabic-speaking countries den territories]] [[Category:Countries for Africa insyd]] [[Category:East African countries]] [[Category:English-speaking countries den territories]] [[Category:Federal republics]] [[Category:Least developed countries]] [[Category:Member states of de African Union]] [[Category:Member states of de United Nations]] [[Category:Member states of de Arab League]] [[Category:Member states of de Organisation of Islamic Cooperation]] [[Category:Military dictatorships]] [[Category:Saharan countries]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1956]] == Bibliography == '''Books''' * {{cite book|last=Adams|first=William Y.|title=Nubia. Corridor to Africa|year=1977|publisher=Princeton University|isbn=978-0691093703}} * Berry, LaVerle B., ed. (2015). ''[https://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/gpo63176 Sudan: A Country Study]''. Library of Congress (Washington, D.C.) {{ISBN|978-0-8444-0750-0}}. * {{cite book|last=Beswick|first=Stephanie|title=Sudan's Blood Memory|url=https://archive.org/details/sudansbloodmemor0000besw|year=2004|publisher=University of Rochester|isbn=978-1580462310}} * {{cite book|last=Brown|first=Richard P. C.|year=1992|title=Public Debt and Private Wealth: Debt, Capital Flight and the IMF in Sudan|url=https://archive.org/details/publicdebtprivat00brow|publisher=Macmillan Publishers|location=London|isbn=978-0-333-57543-7}} * Churchill, Winston (1899; 2000). ''The River War: An Historical Account of the Reconquest of the Soudan''. Carroll & Graf (New York City). {{ISBN|978-0-7867-0751-5}}. * {{cite book|last=Churchill|first=Winston|year=1902|title=The River War|chapter=The Rebellion of the Mahdi|edition=New and Revised|url=https://archive.org/stream/riverwarhistoric00chur}} * Clammer, Paul (2005). ''Sudan: The Bradt Travel Guide''. Bradt Travel Guides (Chalfont St. Peter); Globe Pequot Press. (Guilford, Connecticut). {{ISBN|978-1-84162-114-2}}. * {{cite book|last=Daly|title=Empire on the Nile|year=1986|url=https://archive.org/details/empireonnileangl0000daly}} * Evans-Pritchard, Blake; Polese, Violetta (2008). ''Sudan: The City Trail Guide''. City Trail Publishing. {{ISBN|978-0-9559274-0-9}}. * {{cite book|last=Edwards|first=David|title=The Nubian Past: An Archaeology of the Sudan|url=https://archive.org/details/nubianpastarchae0000edwa|year=2004|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0415369879}} * El Mahdi, Mandour. (1965). A Short History of the Sudan. Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|0-19-913158-9}}. * Fadlalla, Mohamed H. (2005). ''The Problem of Dar Fur'', iUniverse (New York City). {{ISBN|978-0-595-36502-9}}. * Fadlalla, Mohamed H. (2004). ''Short History of Sudan''. iUniverse (New York City). {{ISBN|978-0-595-31425-6}}. * Fadlalla, Mohamed H. (2007). ''UN Intervention in Dar Fur'', iUniverse (New York City). {{ISBN|978-0-595-42979-0}}. * {{cite book|last=Hasan|first=Yusuf Fadl|title=The Arabs and the Sudan. From the seventh to the early sixteenth century|url=https://archive.org/details/arabssudanfromse0000hass|year=1967|publisher=Edinburgh University|oclc=33206034}} * {{cite book|last=Hesse|first=Gerhard|title=Die Jallaba und die Nuba Nordkordofans. Händler, Soziale Distinktion und Sudanisierung|year=2002|publisher=Lit|isbn=978-3825858902|language=de}} * {{cite book|last1=Holt|first1=P. M.|last2=Daly|first2=M. W.|title=History of the Sudan: From the coming of Islam to the present Day|year=2000|publisher=Pearson|isbn=978-0582368866|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780582368866}} * Jok, Jok Madut (2007). ''Sudan: Race, Religion and Violence''. Oneworld Publications (Oxford). {{ISBN|978-1-85168-366-6}}. * Köndgen, Olaf (2017). ''The Codification of Islamic Criminal Law in the Sudan. Penal Codes and Supreme Court Case Law under Numayri and al-Bashir''. Brill (Leiden, Boston). {{ISBN|9789004347434}}. * {{cite book|editor-last1=Levtzion|editor-first1=Nehemia|editor-last2=Pouwels|editor-first2=Randall|year=2000|title=The History of Islam in Africa|publisher=Ohio University Press|isbn=9780821444610|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J1Ipt5A9mLMC}} * {{cite book|last=Loimeier|first=Roman|title=Muslim Societies in Africa: A Historical Anthropology|url=https://archive.org/details/muslimsocietiesi0000loim|year=2013|publisher=Indiana University|isbn=9780253007889}} * {{cite book|last=Morewood|year=1940|title=The British Defence of Egypt 1935–40|publisher=Suffolk}} * {{cite book|last=Morewood|year=2005|title=The British of Egypt|publisher=Suffolk}} * Mwakikagile, Godfrey (2001). ''Slavery in Mauritania and Sudan: The State Against Blacks'', in ''The Modern African State: Quest for Transformation''. Nova Science Publishers (Huntington, New York). {{ISBN|978-1-56072-936-5}}. * {{cite book|last1=O'Fahey|first1=R.S.|last2=Spaulding|first2=Jay L.|title=Kingdoms of the Sudan|year=1974|publisher=Methuen Young Books|isbn=978-0416774504}} * Peterson, Scott (2001). ''Me Against My Brother: At War in Somalia, Sudan and Rwanda—A Journalist Reports from the Battlefields of Africa''. Routledge (London; New York City). {{ISBN|978-0-203-90290-5}}. * Prunier, Gérard (2005). ''Darfur: The Ambiguous Genocide''. Cornell University Press (Ithaca, New York). {{ISBN|978-0-8014-4450-0}}. * {{cite book|last=Ruffini|first=Giovanni R.|year=2012|title=Medieval Nubia. A Social and Economic History|publisher=Oxford University}} * {{cite book|last=Shackelford|first=Elizabeth|year=2020|title=The Dissent Channel: American Diplomacy in a Dishonest Age|publisher=Public Affairs|isbn=978-1-5417-2448-8}} * {{cite book|last=Shinnie|first=P.L.|title=The Cambridge History of Africa. 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Pagans, Christians and Muslims Along the Middle Nile|url=https://archive.org/details/medievalkingdoms0000wels|year=2002|publisher=British Museum|place=London|isbn=978-0714119472}} * {{cite book|last=Werner|first=Roland|title=Das Christentum in Nubien. Geschichte und Gestalt einer afrikanischen Kirche|year=2013|publisher=Lit|isbn=978-3-643-12196-7|language=de}} * Zilfū, ʻIṣmat Ḥasan (translation: Clark, Peter) (1980). ''Karari: The Sudanese Account of the Battle of Omdurman''. Frederick Warne & Co (London). {{ISBN|978-0-7232-2677-2}}. * {{Cite web|last=Evason|first=Nina|date=1 July 2023|title=North Sudanese Culture|url=https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/north-sudanese-culture/north-sudanese-culture-core-concepts|access-date=1 July 2023|website=SBS Cultural Atlas|language=English|type=Article|quote="The Republic of the Sudan (also known as North Sudan) is a North African country bordering seven other nations."|ref=286|agency=SBS}} '''Articles''' * {{cite journal|last1=Hatem|first1=Elliesie|title=Quo vadis bilād as-Sūdān?: the contemporary framework for a national interim constitution|journal=Recht in Afrika|date=2005|volume=8|issue=1|pages=63–82|url=http://www.gair.de/pdf/publikationen/Elliesie_Sudan.pdf}} * {{cite book|last=Lajtar|first=Adam|chapter=Qasr Ibrim's last land sale, AD 1463 (EA 90225)|title=Nubian Voices. Studies in Christian Nubian Culture|year=2011|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/5857688}} * {{cite journal|last=Martens-Czarnecka|first=Malgorzata|year=2015|title=The Christian Nubia and the Arabs|journal=Studia Ceranea|volume=5|pages=249–265|doi=10.18778/2084-140X.05.08|doi-access=free|hdl=11089/18404|hdl-access=free}} * {{cite journal|last=McGregor|first=Andrew|journal=Sudan&Nubia|volume=15|year=2011|title=Palaces in the Mountains: An Introduction to the Archaeological Heritage of the Sultanate of Darfur|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806085715/https://issuu.com/sudarchrs/docs/s_n15_mcgregor|pages=129–141}} * {{cite journal|last=Peacock|first=A.C.S.|title=The Ottomans and the Funj sultanate in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries|year=2012|journal=Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies|volume=75|issue=1|pages=87–11|doi=10.1017/S0041977X11000838}} * {{cite journal|last=Sharkey|first=Heather J.|title=Arab Identity and Ideology in Sudan: The Politics of Language, Ethnicity and Race|year=2007|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012152657/http://southsudanhumanitarianproject.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/21/formidable/Sharkey-J.-2007-Arab-Identity-and-Ideology-in-Sudan-The-Politics-of-Language-Ethnicity-and-Race2-annotated.pdf|pages=21–43|journal=African Affairs|volume=107|issue=426|doi=10.1093/afraf/adm068|access-date=24 September 2018|archive-date=12 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012152657/https://web.archive.org/web/20201012152657/http://southsudanhumanitarianproject.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/21/formidable/Sharkey-J.-2007-Arab-Identity-and-Ideology-in-Sudan-The-Politics-of-Language-Ethnicity-and-Race2-annotated.pdf|url-status=dead}} * {{cite journal|last=Spaulding|first=Jay|title=The Fate of Alodia|journal=Meroitic Newsletter|volume=15|year=1974|url=http://www.meroiticnewsletter.org/MeroNews15.pdf#page=13&zoom=125(0,0)|pages=12–30}} * {{cite book|last=Vantini|first=Giovanni|title=Acta Nubica. Proceedings of the X International Conference of Nubian Studies Rome 9–14 September 2002|editor=Alessandro Roccati and Isabella Caneva|year=2006|chapter=Some new light on the end of Soba|pages=487–491|publisher=Libreria Dello Stato|isbn=978-88-240-1314-7}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q1049|c=Category:Sudan|n=Category:Sudan|b=no|v=no|voy=Sudan|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} {{Library resources box}} * [https://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SD Key Development Forecasts for Sudan] from International Futures === Government === * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250217105525/https://nic.gov.sd/ Information Portal] – Official Sudan Information Portal * [https://www.presidency.gov.sd/eng Presidency] [https://web.archive.org/web/20241006020201/https://presidency.gov.sd/eng Archived] 6 October 2024 at the Wayback Machine – official website of the president of Sudan * [http://cbs.gov.sd/ Statistics] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180315121142/http://cbs.gov.sd/ Archived] 15 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine – official website of Central Bureau of Statistics === Maps === * {{Osmrelation-inline|192789}} {{Authority control}} sde8pil1mvavwp7jxwx9yuzlfihzf7h 0 2259 112578 108378 2026-09-25T03:13:28Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112578 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart'''<ref>Sources vary regarding the English pronunciation of Mozart's name. Fradkin 1996, a guide for classical music radio, strongly recommends the use of the phoneme /ts/ for the letter ''z'' (thus /ˈwʊlfɡæŋ ˌæməˈdeɪəs ˈmoʊtsɑːrt/ ''WUULF-gang AM-ə-DAY-əs MOHT-sart''), but otherwise considers English-like pronunciation fully acceptable. The German pronunciation is [ˈvɔlfɡaŋ amaˈdeːʊs ˈmoːtsart] ^ⓘ.</ref><ref>Baptised as '''Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart'''. Respectively, these Christian names refer to the following Saints: John Chrysostom, Wolfgang of Regensburg, and Theophilus. Mozart used, at different times and places, different versions of his own name; for details, see Mozart's name.</ref> (27 January 1756 – 5 December 1791) na he be a prolific den influential composer of de Classical period. Despite ein short life, na ein rapid pace of composition den proficiency from an early age result insyd more dan 800 works wey dey represent virtually every Western classical genre of ein time. Na chaw of dese compositions be acknowledged as pinnacles of de symphonic, concertante, chamber, operatic, den choral repertoires. Mozart be widely regarded as one of de greatest composers insyd de history of Western music,<ref>[[:en:Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart#CITEREFBuch2017|Buch 2017]], "Introduction".</ref> plus na dem admire ein music for ein "melodic beauty, ein formal elegance den ein richness of harmony den texture".<ref>[[:en:Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart#CITEREFEisenSadie2001|Eisen & Sadie 2001]].</ref> == References == <references /> === Sources === * {{Cite book|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-07223-5|last=Abert|first=Hermann|others=Cliff Eisen (ed.)|translator-last1=Spencer|translator-first1=Stewart|title=W.A. Mozart|url=https://archive.org/details/wamozart0000aber|location=New Haven|year=2007|oclc=70401564}} * {{Cite book|publisher=Pendragon Press|isbn=978-1-57647-010-7|last=Barry|first=Barbara R.|title=The Philosopher's Stone: Essays in the Transformation of Musical Structure|url=https://archive.org/details/philosophersston0000barr|location=Hillsdale, New York|year=2000|oclc=466918491}} * {{cite encyclopedia|last=Buch|first=David|year=2017|encyclopedia=Oxford Bibliographies: Music|title=Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|doi=10.1093/OBO/9780199757824-0193|url=https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199757824/obo-9780199757824-0193.xml|url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal|last=Churgin|first=Bathia|date=Autumn 1987|title=Beethoven and Mozart's Requiem: A New Connection|journal=The Journal of Musicology|volume=5|issue=4|pages=457–477|doi=10.2307/763840|jstor=763840|url=http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/files/11509/MIN_AD_3_Beeth-Moz19-39.pdf}} * {{Cite book|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=978-0-8047-0233-1|last=Deutsch|first=Otto Erich|others=Peter Branscombe, Eric Blom, Jeremy Noble (trans.)|title=Mozart: A Documentary Biography|url=https://archive.org/details/mozartdocumentar0000deut_i1h0|location=Stanford|year=1965|oclc=8991008}} * {{Cite book|edition=6th|publisher=Oxford University Press|last=Einstein|first=Alfred|others=Arthur Mendel, Nathan Broder (trans.)|title=Mozart: His Character, His Work|location=New York City|series=Galaxy Book 162|year=1965|oclc=456644858|isbn=978-0-304-92483-7}} * {{Cite book|editor1-last=Eisen|editor1-first=Cliff|editor2-last=Keefe|editor2-first=Simon P.|title=The Cambridge Mozart Encyclopedia|url=https://archive.org/details/cambridgemozarte0000unse_z4h8|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-521-85659-1}} * {{cite encyclopedia|last1=Eisen|first1=Cliff|last2=Sadie|first2=Stanley|year=2001|encyclopedia=Grove Music Online|title=Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.6002278233|url-access=subscription|url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-6002278233}} * {{cite book|last=Fradkin|first=Robert A|year=1996|title=The Well-Tempered Announcer: A Pronunciation Guide to Classical Music|url=https://archive.org/details/welltemperedanno0000frad|location=Bloomington|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-21064-7}} * {{Cite book|publisher=Calumet Editions|isbn=978-1-950743-50-6|last=Freeman|first=Daniel E.|title=Mozart in Prague|location=Minneapolis|year=2021}} * {{cite book|title=Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians|url=https://archive.org/details/grovesdictionary01grov|url-access=registration|year=1954|publisher=Macmillam Press|location=New York|edition=5th|ref={{harvid|Grove|1954}}}} * {{Cite book|last=Gutman|first=Robert|title=Mozart: A Cultural Biography|url=https://archive.org/details/mozartculturalbi0000gutm|publisher=Harcourt Brace|location=London|year=2000|isbn=978-0-15-601171-6|oclc=45485135}} * {{Cite book|publisher=Clarendon Press|isbn=978-0-19-816371-8|last=Halliwell|first=Ruth|title=The Mozart Family: Four Lives in a Social Context|url=https://archive.org/details/mozartfamilyfour0000hall|location=New York City|year=1998|oclc=36423516}} * {{Cite journal|issue=14|last=Haberl|first=Dieter|title=Beethovens erste Reise nach Wien: die Datierung seiner Schülerreise zu W.A. Mozart|language=de|journal=Neues Musikwissenschaftliches Jahrbuch|year=2006|oclc=634798176}} * {{Cite book|edition=1st|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|isbn=978-0-393-05080-6|last=Heartz|first=Daniel|title=Music in European Capitals: The Galant Style, 1720–1780|url=https://archive.org/details/musicineuropeanc0000hear|location=New York City|year=2003|oclc=50693068}} * {{cite book|last=Heartz|first=Daniel<!-- |author-link=Daniel Heartz -->|year=2009|title=Mozart, Haydn and early Beethoven, 1781–1802|url=https://archive.org/details/mozarthaydnearly0000hear|location=New York|publisher=W. W. Norton|isbn=978-0-393-06634-0}} * {{Cite book|publisher=Flamingo|isbn=978-0-00-654324-4|last=Landon|first=Howard Chandler Robbins|title=1791: Mozart's Last Year|location=London|year=1990|oclc=20932333}} * {{cite web|last=Lorenz|first=Michael|title=Mozart's Apartment on the Alsergrund|access-date=27 September 2010|date=9 August 2010|url=http://homepage.univie.ac.at/michael.lorenz/alsergrund/|archive-date=1 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141101233808/http://homepage.univie.ac.at/michael.lorenz/alsergrund/|url-status=dead}} * {{Cite book|edition=30th|publisher=Penguin|isbn=978-0-14-102262-8|last1=March|first1=Ivan|last2=Greenfield|first2=Edward|last3=Layton|first3=Robert|editor-last=Czajkowski|editor-first=Paul|title=Penguin Guide to Compact Discs And DVDs, 2005–2006|url=https://archive.org/details/penguinguidetoco0000marc_6edi|location=London|year=2005|oclc=416204627}} * {{Cite book|edition=2nd|publisher=Macmillan|last1=Mozart|first1=Wolfgang|last2=Mozart|first2=Leopold|editor-last=Anderson|editor-first=Emily|title=The Letters of Mozart and his Family|url=https://archive.org/details/lettersofmozarth0001emil|location=London|year=1966|oclc=594813|isbn=978-0-393-02248-3}} * {{Cite book|edition=2nd|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|isbn=978-0-393-31712-1|last=Rosen|first=Charles|title=The Classical Style: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven|location=New York City|year=1998|url=https://archive.org/details/classicalstyleha00rose|oclc=246977555|url-access=registration}} * {{Cite book|publisher=Grove's Dictionaries of Music|isbn=978-0-333-73432-2|editor-last=Sadie|editor-first=Stanley|title=The New Grove Dictionary of Opera|location=New York|year=1998|oclc=39160203}} * {{Cite book|edition=6th|publisher=Macmillan|isbn=978-0-333-23111-1|editor-last=Sadie|editor-first=Stanley|title=The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians|url=https://archive.org/details/newgrovedictiona0014unse_p0z4|location=London|year=1980|oclc=5676891}} * {{cite web|title=Mozart, Mozart's ''Magic Flute'' and Beethoven|last=Schwaegermann|first=Ingrid|website=ludwig0van0beethoven.tripod.com (Raptus)|access-date=8 August 2024|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101127053721/http://raptusassociation.org/beethmoze.html <!-- | archive-date = 27 November 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101127053721/http://raptusassociation.org/beethmoze.html | url-status = dead -->}} ([https://ludwig0van0beethoven.tripod.com/beethmozg.html in German]) * {{Cite book|edition=1st|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=978-0-06-019046-0|last=Solomon|first=Maynard|title=Mozart: A Life|location=New York City|year=1995|url=https://archive.org/details/mozartlife00solo|oclc=31435799}} * {{cite book|editor-last=Spaethling|editor-first=Robert|title=Mozart's Letters, Mozart's Life: Selected Letters|translator=Robert Spaethling|publisher=W. W. Norton|year=2000|isbn=0-393-04719-9|url=https://archive.org/details/mozartslettersmo0000moza_j5w7/|access-date=8 August 2024|url-access=registration|via=Internet Archive}} * {{Cite book|publisher=Clarendon Press|isbn=978-0-19-816221-6|last=Steptoe|first=Andrew|title=The Mozart–Da Ponte Operas: The Cultural and Musical Background to Le nozze di Figaro, Don Giovanni, and Così fan tutte|location=Oxford|year=1990|url=https://archive.org/details/mozartdaponteope0000step|oclc=22895166|url-access=registration}} * {{cite web|title=Award of the Papal Equestrian Order of the "Golden Spur" to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|work=Vatican Secret Archives|access-date=27 September 2010|date=4 July 1770|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918061819/http://asv.vatican.va/en/doc/1770.htm|ref=CITEREFVatican1770|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918061819/https://web.archive.org/web/20100918061819/http://asv.vatican.va/en/doc/1770.htm|archive-date=18 September 2010|df=dmy-all}} * {{Cite news|last=Wakin|first=Daniel J.|title=After Mozart's Death, an Endless Coda|work=The New York Times|date=24 August 2010|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/25/arts/music/25death.html}} * {{cite book|last=Wilson|first=Peter Hamish|year=1999|title=The Holy Roman Empire, 1495–1806|url=https://archive.org/details/holyromanempire10000wils|location=London|publisher=MacMillan}} * {{cite book|last=Wolff|first=Christoph|year=2012|title=Mozart at the Gateway to His Fortune: Serving the Emperor, 1788–1791|url=https://archive.org/details/mozartatgatewayt0000wolf|location=New York|publisher=Norton|isbn=978-0-393-05070-7}} * {{cite book|editor-last1=Zaslaw|editor-first1=Neal|editor-last2=Cowdery|editor-first2=William|year=1990|title=The Comp<!--Not a typo-->leat Mozart: A Guide to the Musical Works of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|location=New York and London|isbn=978-0-393-02886-7|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=CChN90GGcQQC}}}} ==Read further== * {{cite book|last1=Badura-Skoda|first1=Eva|last2=Badura-Skoda|first2=Paul|title=Interpreting Mozart: The Performance of His Piano Pieces and Other Compositions|edition=2nd|publisher=Routledge|year=2018|isbn=9781135868505|ref=none}} * Baumol, William J., and Hilda Baumol. "On the economics of musical composition in Mozart's Vienna." ''Journal of Cultural Economics'' 18.3 (1994): 171–198. [https://web.archive.org/web/20250126154710/https://people.stern.nyu.edu/wbaumol/OnTheEconomicsOfMusicalCompositionInMozartsVienna.pdf online] * {{Cite book|title=Mozart: Lebensbilder|first=Volkmar|last=Braunbehrens|publisher=G. Lubbe|year=1990|isbn=978-3-7857-0580-3|ref=none}} * {{Cite book|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-22898-6|last=Cairns|first=David|title=Mozart and His Operas|location=Berkeley, California|year=2006|oclc=62290645|ref=none}} * {{cite book|last=Downs|first=Philip|title=Classical Music : The Era of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven|url=https://archive.org/details/classicalmusicer0000down|oclc=25317243|publisher=Norton|location=New York|year=1992|isbn=9780393951912|edition=1st|ref=none}} * {{Cite book|publisher=Cosimo Classics|last1=Holmes|first1=Edward|title=The Life of Mozart|url=https://archive.org/details/lifeofmozart0000holm|location=New York|year=2005|oclc=62790104|isbn=978-1-59605-147-8|ref=none}} (first published by Chapman and Hall in 1845). * {{cite book|last=Kallen|first=Stuart A.|title=Great Composers|location=San Diego|publisher=Lucent|year=2000|isbn=978-1-56006-669-9|url=https://archive.org/details/historymakersgre00stua|ref=none}} * Keefe, Simon P. ''Mozart'' (Routledge, 2018). * Keefe, Simon P., ed. ''Mozart in Context'' (Cambridge University Press, 2018). * Marshall, Robert Lewis. ''Bach and Mozart: Essays on the Enigma of Genius'' (University of Rochester Press, 2019). * {{Cite book|publisher=Dover Publications|last1=Mozart|first1=Wolfgang|editor-last=Mersmann|editor-first=Hans|title=Letters of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|location=New York|year=1972|url=https://archive.org/details/lettersofwolfgan00moza|oclc=753483|isbn=978-0-486-22859-4|ref=none}} * Reisinger, Elisabeth. "The Prince and the Prodigies: On the Relations of Archduke and Elector Maximilian Franz with Mozart, Beethoven, and Haydn." ''Acta Musicologica'' 91.1 (2019): 48–70 [https://muse.jhu.edu/article/727283/summary excerpt]. * Schroeder, David. ''Experiencing Mozart: A Listener's Companion'' (Scarecrow, 2013). [https://www.amazon.com/Experiencing-Mozart-Listeners-David-Schroeder/dp/0810884283/ excerpt] * {{cite book|last=Swafford|first=Jan|year=2020|title=Mozart – The Reign of Love|url=https://archive.org/details/mozartreignoflov0000swaf_m9y8|location=New York|publisher=Harper|isbn=978-0-06-243357-2|oclc=1242102319|ref=none}} * {{Cite book|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|isbn=978-0-393-31395-6|last=Till|first=Nicholas|title=Mozart and the Enlightenment: Truth, Virtue and Beauty in Mozart's Operas|location=New York City|year=1995|url=https://archive.org/details/mozartenlightenm00till|oclc=469628809|ref=none}} * {{cite journal|last=Woodfield|first=Ian|title=The Early Reception of Mozart's Operas in London: Burney's Missed Opportunity|journal=Eighteenth-Century Music|issn=1478-5706|volume=17|issue=2|date=September 2020|pages=201–214|doi=10.1017/S147857062000024X|url=https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/431f83c1-55cc-4cbc-829b-a0cdfa54ce1a|ref=none}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q254|c=Category:Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=Author:Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://mozarteum.at/#first-section Homepage] for the Salzburg Mozarteum Foundation * [https://bbc.co.uk/mozart "Discovering Mozart"]. BBC Radio 3. * [[imdbname:0003665|Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] at IMDb '''Digitized documents''' * [[gutenberg:author/1368|Works by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] at Project Gutenberg * [https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28Mozart%29 Works by or about Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart] at the Internet Archive * [https://librivox.org/author/6286 Works by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart] at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks) * [https://books.google.com/books?as_q=&num=10&lr=&as_brr=3&btnG=Google+Search&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_brr=3&as_pt=ALLTYPES&lr=&as_vt=Mozart+|++Mozarts&as_auth=&as_pub=&as_sub=&as_drrb_is=b&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=1700&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=1940&as_isbn=&as_issn= "Mozart" Titles]; [https://books.google.com/books?lr=&as_brr=3&q=inauthor%3AMozart+-inauthor%3A%22J.+Mozart%22&btnG=Search+Books&as_drrb_is=b&as_minm_is=0&as_miny_is=1756&as_maxm_is=0&as_maxy_is=1930 Mozart as author] at Google Books * [http://dme.mozarteum.at/DME/main/index.php?l=2 Digital Mozart Edition] [https://web.archive.org/web/20170218214113/http://dme.mozarteum.at/DME/main/index.php?l=2 Archived] 18 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine (''Internationale Stiftung Mozarteum'') * [http://gallica.bnf.fr/Search?q=Mozart&p=1&lang=en&ArianeWireRechercheHaut=palette "Mozart" titles] from Gallica (insyd French) * From the British Library ** [http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/ttp/mozart/accessible/introduction.html Mozart's Thematic Catalogue] [https://web.archive.org/web/20110907001935/http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/ttp/mozart/accessible/introduction.html Archived] 7 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine ** [http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/ttp/ttpbooks.html Mozart's Musical Diary] [https://web.archive.org/web/20100624031653/http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/ttp/ttpbooks.html Archived] 24 June 2010 at the Wayback Machine ** [http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/musicmanu/mozart/index.html Background information on Mozart and the Thematic Catalogue] [https://web.archive.org/web/20140414114032/http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/musicmanu/mozart/index.html Archived] 14 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091222083620/http://www.blb-karlsruhe.de/virt_bib/mozart/ Letters of Leopold Mozart und Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart] (insyd German) (Baden State Library) '''Sheet music''' * [http://dme.mozarteum.at/DME/nma/start.php?l=2 Complete sheet music (scores)] from the Neue Mozart-Ausgabe (''Internationale Stiftung Mozarteum'') * [https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/search?query=all%3AMozart&filter=type_content%3A%22score%22 Mozart scores] from the Munich Digitization Center (MDZ) * [https://urresearch.rochester.edu/viewContributorPage.action?personNameId=664 Mozart titles] from the University of Rochester * [[scores:Category:Mozart,_Wolfgang_Amadeus|Free scores by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP) * [[choralwiki:Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart|Free scores by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]] in the Choral Public Domain Library (ChoralWiki) * Free typeset [http://cantorion.org/musicsearch/composer/mozart/ sheet music] of Mozart's works from ''Cantorion.org'' * The Mutopia Project has compositions by [http://www.mutopiaproject.org/cgibin/make-table.cgi?Composer=MozartWA Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart] * [https://musopen.org/composer/wolfgang-amadeus-mozart/ Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart] at the Musopen project {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus}} [[Category:Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart| ]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:1756 births]] [[Category:1791 deaths]] [[Category:18th-century Austrian musicians]] [[Category:18th-century classical composers]] [[Category:18th-century German composers]] [[Category:18th-century keyboardists]] [[Category:18th-century male musicians]] [[Category:Austrian classical pianists]] [[Category:Male classical pianists]] [[Category:Austrian Classical-period composers]] [[Category:Austrian Freemasons]] [[Category:Austrian male classical composers]] [[Category:Austrian opera composers]] [[Category:Austrian Roman Catholics]] [[Category:Catholic liturgical composers]] [[Category:Child classical musicians]] [[Category:Classical composers of church music]] [[Category:Composers dem award knighthoods]] [[Category:Composers for pedal piano]] [[Category:Composers for piano]] [[Category:Composers wey komot Salzburg]] [[Category:Composers wey komot Vienna]] [[Category:Composers of masonic music]] [[Category:German classical pianists]] [[Category:German Classical-period composers]] [[Category:German male classical composers]] [[Category:German male classical pianists]] [[Category:German opera composers]] [[Category:German pianists]] [[Category:German Roman Catholics]] [[Category:Male opera composers]] [[Category:Musicians dem award knighthoods]] [[Category:Musicians wey komot Salzburg]] [[Category:Organ improvisers]] [[Category:Pedal piano players]] [[Category:Roman Catholic Freemasons]] [[Category:String quartet composers]] [[Category:Weber family]] [[Category:People wey komot de Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg]] [[Category:Composers for horn]] 0yjfmxq8om2r8cd5qx5ol2gcmmz26r5 0 2594 112514 108737 2026-09-25T01:44:19Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112514 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Maria Tecla Artemisia Montessori''' ([[:en:Help:IPA/English|/ˌmɒntɪˈsɔːri/]] ''[[:en:Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key|MON-tiss-OR-ee]]'', Italian: [[:en:Help:IPA/Italian|[maˈriːa montesˈsɔːri]]]; 31 August 1870 – 6 May 1952) na she be Italian physician den educator best known for ein philosophy of education (de Montessori method) den ein writing for scientific pedagogy top. For an early age, Montessori enrol insyd classes for an all-boys technical school, plus hopes of make she cam turn an engineer. Na she soon get change of heart wey she begin medical school at de Sapienza University of Rome, wey she cam turn one of de first women make she attend medical school insyd Italy; she graduate plus honors insyd 1896. Chaw public den private schools globally still dey use ein educational method today. ==Life den career== ===Birth and family=== [[File:Maria Montessori (um 1880).jpg|left|thumb|279x279px|Montessori, {{circa|1880}}]] Dem born Montessori for 31 August 1870 insyd Chiaravalle, Italy. Ein poppie, Alessandro Montessori, age 33, na he be official of de Ministry of Finance wey he dey job insyd de local state-run tobacco factory. Ein mommie, Renilde Stoppani, 25 years old, na she be well-educated for de times wey na she be de niece of Italian geologist den paleontologist Antonio Stoppani.<ref>{{cite web |title=Highlights from 'Communications 2007/1' |url=http://www.montessori-ami.org/communications/commun2007_1.htm |publisher=Association Montessori Internationale |access-date=2 May 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071214125212/http://www.montessori-ami.org/communications/commun2007_1.htm|archive-date=14 December 2007 }}</ref><ref>[[:en:Maria_Montessori#CITEREFKramer1976|Kramer 1976]], p. 24; [[:en:Maria_Montessori#CITEREFTrabalzini2011|Trabalzini 2011]], p. 13.</ref> While na she no get any particular mentor, na she be very close to ein mommie wey readily encourage am. Na she sanso get a loving relationship plus ein poppie, although na he disagree plus ein choice make she continue ein education.<ref>[[:en:Maria_Montessori#CITEREFFlahertyn.d.|Flaherty n.d.]]</ref> ===1883–1896: Education=== ====Early education==== De Montessori family move go Florence insyd 1873, then to Rome insyd 1875 secof ein poppie ein job. Montessori enter a public elementary school at de age of 6 insyd 1876. Na ein early school record be "not particularly noteworthy",<ref>[[:en:Maria_Montessori#CITEREFTrabalzini2011|Trabalzini 2011]], p. 7.</ref> although na dem award am certificates for good behavior insyd de first grade den for ''lavori donneschi'', anaa "women's work", de next year.<ref>[[:en:Maria_Montessori#CITEREFKramer1976|Kramer 1976]], p. 27.</ref> == Death == Montessori die of a cerebral hemorrhage for 6 May 1952 at de age of 81 insyd Noordwijk aan Zee, the Netherlands.<ref>[[:en:Maria_Montessori#CITEREFKramer1976|Kramer 1976]], pp. 360–367; [[:en:Maria_Montessori#CITEREFTrabalzini2011|Trabalzini 2011]], pp. 170–172.</ref> ==Works== [[File:Монтесори.jpg|thumb|Montessori insyd a portrait by Alexander Akopov<ref>[http://montessori-press.ru/kollegi/portret.html ''Online magazine "Montessori"'']</ref>]] *''[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/njp.32101068982782?urlappend=%3Bseq=11 Il Metodo della Pedagogia Scientifica applicato all'educazione infantile nelle Case dei Bambini]'' (Tipografia della Casa Editrice S. Lapi, 1909). Dem subsequently revise den reissue am insyd 1913 den 1918 (Ermanno Loescher publish am), den 1935 (Maglione den Strine publish am). ** English (American) edition: ''[[iarchive:montessorimethod00montuoft|The Montessori Method: Scientific Pedagogy as Applied to Child Education in the Children's Houses]]'' [Anne E. George translate am] (Frederick A. Stokes, 1912) ** English (United Kingdom) edition: ''[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.31822021274949 The Montessori Method: Scientific Pedagogy as Applied to Child Education in the Children's Houses]'' [Anne E. George translate am] (William Heinemann, 1912) ** Revised and enlarged English (India) edition ''The Discovery of the Child'' [Mary A. Johnstone translate am] (Kalakshetra Publications, 1948) ** Revised and reissued in Italian as ''La scoperta del bambino'' (Garzanti, 1950). Na dem publish a 'new' edition of dis title by Garzanti insyd 1970. *** First American edition of ''The Discovery of the Child'' [translated by M. Joseph Costelloe] (Ballantine Books, 1967). Na dem publish simultaneously versions of dis title insyd de [[United States]] by Fides Publishers (Notre Dame, Indiana) den Amereon House (New York). *** English (United Kingdom) edition: ''The Discovery of the Child'' [M. Joseph Costelloe translate am] (Clio Press, 1988) *''[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.$b93394 Antropologia Pedagogica]'' (Vallardi, 1910) ** English (United Kingdom) edition: ''[[iarchive:in.ernet.dli.2015.39360|Pedagogical Anthropology]]'' [Frederick Taber Cooper translate am] (William Heinemann, 1913) ** English (American) edition: ''[[iarchive:pedagogicalanthr00montiala|Pedagogical Anthropology]]'' [Frederic Taber Cooper translate am] (Frederick A. Stokes, 1913) * ''[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/loc.ark:/13960/t3rv1cr77 Dr. Montessori's Own Handbook]'' (Dem first publish insyd English; Frederick A. Stokes, 1914)<ref>This publication was translated into English from the Italian by an unattributed individual.</ref> *''L'autoeducazione nelle scuole elementari'' (Loescher, 1916) ** English edition dem publish insyd two volumes (Frederick A. Stokes, 1917): ***''[[iarchive:advancedmontess00montgoog|The Advanced Montessori Method, Vol. I: Spontaneous Activity in Education]]'' [Florence Simmonds translate am] *** [[iarchive:advancedmontess01montgoog|''The Advanced Montessori Method,'' ''Vol. II: The Montessori Elementary Material'']] [Arthur Livingston translate am] *''I bambini viventi nella Chiesa'' (1922) ** English edition: ''The Child in the Church: Essays on the Religious Education of Children and the Training of Character'' [edited by Edwin M. Standing] (1929) *''Das Kind in der Familie'' (Dem first publish insyd German; 1923) ** English edition: ''The Child in the Family'' [translated by Nancy Cirillo] (1929) *''Psico Geométria'' (Dem first publish insyd Spanish; 1934) ** English edition: ''Psychogeometry'' [ Kay M. Baker den Benedetto Scoppola edit am] (2011) ** English edition: ''Psychoarithmetic'' [Kay M. Baker den Benedetto Scoppola edit am] (2016) *''L'Enfant'' (Dem first publish insyd French; Gonthier, 1936) ** English edition: ''[[iarchive:in.ernet.dli.2015.443380|The Secret of Childhood]]'' (Longmans, Green and Co., 1936) *''De l'enfant à l'adolescent'' [translated by Georgette J. J. Bernard] (Dem first publish insyd French; Desclée de Brouwer, 1923) ** English edition: ''From Childhood to Adolescence'' (The Montessori Education Research Center translate am] (Schocken Books, 1973) *''Educazione e pace'' (Garzanti, 1949) ** English edition: ''[[iarchive:Peace And Education|Peace and Education]]'' (Theosophical Publishing House, 1949) *''Formazione dell'uomo'' (Garzanti, 1949) ** English edition: ''The Formation of Man'' [Albert M. Joosten translate am] (Theosophical Publishing House, 1955) *''The Absorbent Mind'' (Theosophical Publishing House, 1949)<ref>As stated in the introduction to this text, "the present volume is based upon the lectures given by Dr. Maria Montessori at Ahmedabad, during the first Training Course after her internment in India." Additionally, this version is based on notes from the lectures, so it is based on notes by students – not Montessori's own writings. Montessori, M. (1949). ''The Absorbent Mind''. The Theosophical Publishing House. https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.202650.</ref> ** Revised and rewritten Italian edition: ''La mente del bambino. Mente assorbente'' (Garzanti, 1952)<ref>This Italian-language version was personally written by Maria Montessori, whereas the English-language version from 1949 was not based on Montessori's own writings but was based on student(s) notes (in English) from her lecture. For this reason, the Italian-language edition is understood to be the authoritative version of the text.</ref> *** English edition of Italian version: ''The Absorbent Mind'' [translated by Claude A. Claremont] (Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1967)<ref>This was a new English-language translation of the text, by Claude A. Claremont, based on the revised, updated, and expanded version Montessori wrote in Italian. Montessori, M. (1967). ''The Absorbent Mind'' (C. A. Claremont, Trans.). Holt, Rinehart and Winston. OCLC 299938660</ref> *''Education for a New World'' (1947) *''To Educate the Human Potential'' (1947) == References == <references /> == Citations == * {{cite web|last=Flaherty|first=Tarraugh|title=Maria Montessori (1870–1952)|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121225030113/http://www2.webster.edu/~woolflm/montessori.html|work=Women's Intellectual Contributions to the Study of Mind and Society|access-date=12 December 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121225030113/http://www2.webster.edu/~woolflm/montessori.html|archive-date=25 December 2012|year=n.d.}} * {{cite book|last=Hainstock|first=Elizabeth|title=The Essential Montessori|year=1978|publisher=The New American Library|location=New York|isbn=0-451-61695-2|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/essentialmontess00eliz}} * {{cite book|last=Kramer|first=Rita|title=Maria Montessori|url=https://archive.org/details/mariamontessorib0000kram_t7p1|year=1976|publisher=University of Chicago Press|location=Chicago|isbn=0-201-09227-1}} * {{Cite book|last=Lillard|first=Angeline|title=Montessori: The Science Behind the Genius|year=2005|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York|isbn=0-19-516868-2|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/montessoriscienc00lill}} * {{cite book|last=Lillard|first=Paula Polk|title=Montessori: A Modern Approach|url=https://archive.org/details/montessorimodern00lill|url-access=registration|year=1972|publisher=Schocken Books|location=New York<!--|isbn=0-8052-3423-3-->|isbn=080520394X}} * {{cite book|last=Lillard|first=Paula Polk|title=Montessori Today|url=https://archive.org/details/montessoritodayc0000lill|url-access=registration|year=1996|publisher=Schocken Books|location=New York|isbn=9780805210613}} * {{cite book|last=Montessori|first=Maria|url=https://archive.org/details/montessorimethod00montuoft|title=The Montessori Method: Scientific Pedagogy as Applied to Child Education in 'The Childhood Houses' with Additions and Revisions by the Author|year=1912|publisher=Frederick A. Stokes Company|location=New York|translator-last=George|translator-first=Anne E.}} * {{cite book|last=Montessori|first=Maria|title=Dr. Montessori's Own Handbook|url=https://archive.org/details/drmontessorisown01mont|year=1914|publisher=Frederick A. Stokes Company|location=New York}} * {{cite book|last=Montessori|first=Maria|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.443380|title=The Secret of Childhood|year=1936|publisher=Longmans, Green & Co. Inc.|location=New York|translator-last=Carter|translator-first=Barbara B.}} * {{cite book|last=Montessori|first=Maria|url=https://archive.org/details/toeducatehumanpo00mont|title=To Educate the Human Potential|year=1948|publisher=Kalakshetra Publications Press|location=Madras|isbn=9789081172455}} * {{cite book|last=Montessori|first=Maria|url=https://archive.org/details/TheDiscoveryOfTheChild|title=The Discovery of the Child|year=1948|publisher=Kalakshetra Publications Press|location=Madras|translator-last=Johnstone|translator-first=Mary A.}} * {{cite book|last=Montessori|first=Maria|title=The Absorbent Mind|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.202650|year=1949|publisher=Theosophical Publishing House|location=Madras}} * {{cite book|last=Standing|first=Edwin M.|title=Maria Montessori: Her Life and Work|url=https://archive.org/details/mariamontessorih0000emst_a1i1|year=1957|publisher=Plume|location=New York|isbn=0-452-26090-6}} * {{cite journal|last=Trabalzini|first=Paola|title=Maria Montessori Through the Seasons of the Method|journal=The NAMTA Journal|date=2011|volume=36|issue=2}} ==External links== {{sister project links|d=Q131117|c=Category:Maria Montessori|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s= Author:Maria Montessori|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://montessori-ami.org/ Association Montessori Internationale] * [http://www.amshq.org/ American Montessori Society] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121105102741/http://www.mariamontessori.it/flash/index.html The Centre for Montessori Studies in her native home in Chiaravalle, Italy] * [http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/montessori/method/method.html e-text of ''The Montessori Method'' by Maria Montessori] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050519081212/http://www.webster.edu/~woolflm/montessori2.html Women's Intellectual Contributions to the Study of Mind and Society] * [http://www.montessori.org/ The Montessori Foundation] * [http://montessoricentenary.org/photos/index.html Photos of Maria Montessori (1913–1951)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250514035623/https://montessoribib.org/ Montessori Bibliography Online] containing citations for sources related to Maria Montessori and Montessori education * [https://montessori-pierson.com/ Montessori-Pierson Publishing Company] where most of her works and other compilations of lectures or articles written by Montessori are available [[Category:Human]] [[Category:1870 births]] [[Category:1952 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century Italian inventors]] [[Category:20th-century Italian philosophers]] [[Category:20th-century Italian physicians]] [[Category:20th-century Italian women physicians]] [[Category:Academic staff of de Sapienza University of Rome]] [[Category:Catholic philosophers]] [[Category:Italian educational theorists]] [[Category:Italian expatriates insyd India]] [[Category:Italian expatriates insyd the Netherlands]] [[Category:Italian Roman Catholics]] [[Category:Italian women's rights activists]] [[Category:Montessori teachers]] [[Category:People wey komot de Province of Ancona]] [[Category:Philosophers of education]] [[Category:Sapienza University of Rome alumni]] [[Category:Women founders]] [[Category:20th-century Italian women educators]] lkzm1c4043wgnf8p87ov2tzb3316euk 0 2681 112568 108583 2026-09-25T02:57:04Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112568 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Na '''RMS ''Titanic''''' be a British ocean liner wey tragically sink insyd de early hours of 15 April 1912 as a result of e strike an iceberg for ein maiden voyage from Southampton, [[United Kingdom|England]], to New York City, [[United States]]. Na e be de second time White Star Line lost a ship for ein maiden voyage, na de first be de RMS Tayleur insyd 1854. Of de estimated 2,224 passengers den crew aboard, approximately 1,500 die (figures dey vary), wey dey make de incident one of de deadliest peacetime sinkings of a single ship.<ref name="f360">{{cite web | title=R.M.S Titanic | website=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | date=May 31, 1911 | url=https://www.noaa.gov/office-of-general-counsel/gc-international-section/rms-titanic-history-and-significance | access-date=September 3, 2024}}</ref> ''Titanic'', na White Star Line operate am, carry sam of de wealthiest people for de world insyd, as well as hundreds of emigrants from de British Isles, Scandinavia, den elsewhere insyd Europe wey dey a new life insyd de United States den [[Canada]]. Na de disaster draw public attention, spur major changes insyd maritime safety regulations, den inspire a lasting legacy insyd popular culture. == References == <references /> == Bibliography == === Books === * {{cite book|last=Ballard|first=Robert D.|year=1987|title=The Discovery of the ''Titanic''|url=https://archive.org/details/discoveryoftitan0000unse|publisher=Warner Books|location=New York|isbn=978-0-446-51385-2}} * {{cite book|last=Barczewski|first=Stephanie|year=2006|title=''Titanic'': A Night Remembered|publisher=Hambledon Continuum|location=London|isbn=978-1-85285-500-0|url=https://archive.org/details/titanicnightreme0000barc}} * {{cite book|last=Bartlett|first=W. B.|year=2011|title=''Titanic'': 9 Hours to Hell, the Survivors' Story|publisher=Amberley Publishing|location=Stroud, Gloucestershire|isbn=978-1-4456-0482-4|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/titanic9hourstoh0000bart}} * {{cite book|last1=Beveridge|first1=Bruce|last2=Hall|first2=Steve|year=2004|title=''Olympic'' & ''Titanic'': The Truth Behind the Conspiracy|publisher=Infinity Publishing|location=Haverford, Pennsylvania|isbn=978-0-7414-1949-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6r0_PKEE3dwC|access-date=15 October 2020|archive-date=23 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523002548/https://books.google.com/books?id=6r0_PKEE3dwC|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Beveridge|first=Bruce|year=2008|title=''Titanic''—The Ship Magnificent Volume One: Design & Construction|publisher=The History Press|location=Stroud|isbn=978-0-7524-4606-6}} * {{cite book|last1=Beveridge|first1=Bruce|last2=Hall|first2=Steve|year=2011|chapter=Description of the ship|title=Report into the Loss of the SS ''Titanic'': A Centennial Reappraisal|url=https://archive.org/details/lossofsstitanicc0000unse|editor-last=Halpern|editor-first=Samuel|publisher=The History Press|location=Stroud, UK|isbn=978-0-7524-6210-3}} * {{cite book|last1=Brewster|first1=Hugh|last2=Coulter|first2=Laurie|year=1998|title=882½ Amazing Answers to your Questions about the Titanic|publisher=Madison Press Book|isbn=978-0-590-18730-5|url=https://archive.org/details/88212amazingansw00hugh}} * {{cite book|last=Butler|first=Daniel Allen|year=1998|title=Unsinkable: the full story of the RMS Titanic|publisher=Stackpole Books|location=Mechanicsburg, PA|isbn=978-0-8117-1814-1|url=https://archive.org/details/unsinkablefullst00butl|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Butler|first=Daniel Allen|year=2002|orig-year=1998|title=Unsinkable: the full story of the RMS Titanic|publisher=Da Capo Press|location=USA|isbn=978-0-306-81110-4|url=https://archive.org/details/unsinkablefullst0000butl_a6i8}} * {{cite book|last=Chernow|first=Ron|year=2010|title=The House of Morgan: An American Banking Dynasty and the Rise of Modern Finance|publisher=Grove Press|location=New York|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sgNUEqkgctEC|isbn=978-0-8021-4465-2|access-date=15 October 2020|archive-date=23 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523002508/https://books.google.com/books?id=sgNUEqkgctEC|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last1=Crosbie|first1=Duncan|last2=Mortimer|first2=Sheila|year=2006|title=Titanic: The Ship of Dreams|publisher=Orchard Books|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-0-439-89995-6}} * {{cite book|last1=Eaton|first1=John P.|last2=Haas|first2=Charles A.|year=1987|title=''Titanic'': Destination Disaster: The Legends and the Reality|publisher=Patrick Stephens|location=Wellingborough, UK|isbn=978-0-00-732164-3}} * {{cite book|last1=Eaton|first1=John P.|last2=Haas|first2=Charles A.|year=1994|title=''Titanic'': Triumph and Tragedy|publisher=Patrick Stephens|location=Wellingborough, UK|isbn=978-1-85260-493-6}} * {{cite book|last1=Eaton|first1=John P.|last2=Haas|first2=Charles A.|year=1995|title=''Titanic'': Triumph and Tragedy|url=https://archive.org/details/titanictriumphtr0000eato|publisher=W.W. Norton & Company|location=New York|isbn=978-0-393-03697-8}} * {{cite book|last=Gill|first=Anton|year=2010|title=Titanic : the real story of the construction of the world's most famous ship|url=https://archive.org/details/titanicrealstory0000gill|publisher=Channel 4 Books|isbn=978-1-905026-71-5}} * {{cite book|last=Halpern|first=Samuel|year=2011|chapter=Account of the Ship's Journey Across the Atlantic|title=Report into the Loss of the SS ''Titanic'': A Centennial Reappraisal|url=https://archive.org/details/lossofsstitanicc0000unse|editor-last=Halpern|editor-first=Samuel|publisher=The History Press|location=Stroud, UK|isbn=978-0-7524-6210-3}} * {{cite book|last1=Halpern|first1=Samuel|last2=Weeks|first2=Charles|year=2011|chapter=Description of the Damage to the Ship|title=Report into the Loss of the SS ''Titanic'': A Centennial Reappraisal|url=https://archive.org/details/lossofsstitanicc0000unse|editor-last=Halpern|editor-first=Samuel|publisher=The History Press|location=Stroud, UK|isbn=978-0-7524-6210-3}} * {{cite book|last=Heyer|first=Paul|title=''Titanic'' Century: Media, Myth, and the Making of a Cultural Icon|url=https://archive.org/details/titaniccenturyme0000heye|year=2012|publisher=ABC-CLIO|location=Santa Barbara, CA|isbn=978-0-313-39815-5}} * {{cite book|last=Howells|first=Richard|year=1999|title=The Myth of the Titanic|url=https://archive.org/details/mythoftitanic0000howe|publisher=MacMillan Press|location=United Kingdom|isbn=978-0-333-72597-9}} * {{cite book|last1=Hutchings|first1=David F.|last2=de Kerbrech|first2=Richard P.|year=2011|title=RMS Titanic 1909–12 (Olympic Class): Owners' Workshop Manual|url=https://archive.org/details/rmstitanic1909120000hutc|publisher=Haynes|location=Sparkford, Yeovil|isbn=978-1-84425-662-4}} * {{cite book|last=Landau|first=Elaine|year=2001|title=Heroine of the Titanic: The Real Unsinkable Molly Brown|pages=22–23|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mbCF5L1sm94C|isbn=978-0-395-93912-3|access-date=15 October 2020|archive-date=23 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523002508/https://books.google.com/books?id=mbCF5L1sm94C|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Lord|first=Walter|title=A Night to Remember|url=https://archive.org/details/nighttoremember0000lord_j9r9|year=1976|publisher=Penguin Books|location=London|isbn=978-0-14-004757-8}} * {{cite book|last=Lord|first=Walter|year=1997|orig-year=1955|title=A Night to Remember|publisher=Henry Holt and Company|location=New York|edition=3rd|isbn=978-0-553-27827-9|url=https://archive.org/details/nighttoremember00lord}} * {{cite book|last=Lord|first=Walter|year=2005|orig-year=1955|title=A Night to Remember|url=https://archive.org/details/nighttoremember0000lord_s3c4|publisher=St. Martin's Griffin|location=New York|isbn=978-0-8050-7764-3}} * {{cite book|last=Lynch|first=Don|year=1992|title=''Titanic'': An Illustrated History|publisher=Hyperion|location=New York|isbn=978-1-56282-918-6}} * {{cite book|last=Maniera|first=Leyla|title=Christie's Century of Teddy Bears|url=https://archive.org/details/christiescentury0000mani_k8u4|year=2003|publisher=Pavilion|location=London|isbn=978-1-86205-595-7}} * {{cite book|last1=McCarty|first1=Jennifer Hooper|last2=Foecke|first2=Tim|year=2012|orig-year=2008|title=What Really Sank The Titanic – New Forensic Evidence|publisher=Citadel|location=New York|isbn=978-0-8065-2895-3|url=https://archive.org/details/whatreallysankti0000mcca}} * {{cite book|last=McCluskie|first=Tom|year=1998|title=Anatomy of the ''Titanic''|url=https://archive.org/details/anatomyoftitanic0000mccl|publisher=PRC Publishing|location=London|isbn=978-1-85648-482-4}} * {{cite book|last=Merideth|first=Lee W.|year=2003|title=1912 Facts About ''Titanic''|url=https://archive.org/details/1912factsaboutti00meri|url-access=registration|publisher=Rocklin Press|location=Sunnyvale, CA|isbn=978-0-9626237-9-0}} * {{cite book|last=Mowbray|first=Jay Henry|year=1912|title=Sinking of the ''Titanic''|url=https://archive.org/details/sinkingoftitanic00mowb|publisher=The Minter Company|location=Harrisburg, PA|oclc=9176732}} * {{cite book|last=Parisi|first=Paula|year=1998|title=''Titanic'' and the Making of James Cameron|publisher=Newmarket Press|location=New York|isbn=978-1-55704-364-1}} * {{cite book|last=Piouffre|first=Gérard|year=2009|language=fr|title=Le Titanic ne répond plus|publisher=Larousse|isbn=978-2-263-02799-4}} * {{cite book|last=Rasor|first=Eugene L.|title=The ''Titanic'': historiography and annotated bibliography|url=https://archive.org/details/titanichistoriog0000raso|year=2001|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|location=Westport, CT|isbn=978-0-313-31215-1}} * {{cite book|last=Spignesi|first=Stephen J.|year=1998|title=The Complete ''Titanic'': From the Ship's Earliest Blueprints to the Epic Film|url=https://archive.org/details/completetitanicf0000spig|publisher=Birch Lane Press|location=Secaucus, New Jersey|isbn=978-1-55972-483-8}} * {{cite book|last=Spignesi|first=Stephen J.|title=The ''Titanic'' For Dummies|url=https://archive.org/details/titanicfordummie0000spig|year=2012|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|location=Hoboken, NJ|isbn=978-1-118-20651-5}} * {{cite book|last=Verhoeven|first=John D.|year=2007|title=Steel Metallurgy for the Non-Metallurgist|url=https://archive.org/details/steelmetallurgyf0000verh|publisher=ASM International|location=Materials Park, OH|isbn=978-0-87170-858-8}} * {{cite book|last=Ward|first=Greg|title=The Rough Guide to the ''Titanic''|url=https://archive.org/details/roughguidetotita0000ward|year=2012|publisher=Rough Guides Ltd|location=London|isbn=978-1-4053-8699-9}} === Journals den news articles === * {{cite news|last=Broad|first=William J.|date=8 April 1997|title=Toppling Theories, Scientists Find 6 Slits, Not Big Gash, Sank ''Titanic''|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/04/08/science/toppling-theories-scientists-find-6-slits-not-big-gash-sank-titanic.html?pagewanted=all|access-date=5 November 2011|archive-date=31 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831010549/https://www.nytimes.com/1997/04/08/science/toppling-theories-scientists-find-6-slits-not-big-gash-sank-titanic.html|url-status=live}} * {{cite news|last=Broad|first=William J.|date=15 April 2008|title=In Weak Rivets, a Possible Key to Titanic's Doom|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/15/science/15titanic.html|access-date=13 March 2012|archive-date=31 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831010558/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/15/science/15titanic.html|url-status=live}} * {{cite news|last=Canfield|first=Clarke|title=Full Titanic site mapped for 1st time|url=http://www.fox10tv.com/dpps/news/national/northeast/full-titanic-site-mapped-for-1st-time-nt12-jgr_4098372|agency=The Associated Press|date=8 March 2012|access-date=9 March 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130102151112/http://www.fox10tv.com/dpps/news/national/northeast/full-titanic-site-mapped-for-1st-time-nt12-jgr_4098372|archive-date=2 January 2013}} * {{cite journal|title=What really sank the Titanic?|journal=Materials Today|volume=11|issue=10|pages=48|date=26 September 2008|publisher=Elsevier|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831010539/https://www.materialstoday.com/metals-alloys/news/what-really-sank-the-titanic//|access-date=4 March 2012|doi=10.1016/s1369-7021(08)70224-4|last=Foecke|first=Tim|doi-access=free|archive-date=31 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200831010539/https://www.materialstoday.com/metals-alloys/news/what-really-sank-the-titanic//|url-status=live|issn=1369-7021}} * {{cite journal|last=Ryan|first=Paul R.|date=Winter 1985–1986|title=The ''Titanic'' Tale|journal=Oceanus|volume=4|issue=28|url=https://archive.org/stream/oceanusv2804wood#page/n3/mode/2up|ref={{sfnRef|Ryan|1985}}}} * {{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-17571457|title=New Titanic Belfast complex opens|newspaper=BBC News|date=31 March 2012|access-date=9 April 2012|ref={{sfnRef|BBC News|31 March 2012}}|archive-date=6 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106103007/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-17571457|url-status=live}} * {{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20181001-is-this-the-last-chance-to-see-the-titanic|title=Is this the last chance to see the Titanic?|newspaper=BBC News|date=2 October 2018|access-date=9 January 2020|archive-date=6 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106103043/https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20181001-is-this-the-last-chance-to-see-the-titanic|url-status=live}} === Investigations === * {{cite web|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Report on the Loss of the "Titanic." (s.s.)|date=30 July 1912|work=British Wreck Commissioner's Inquiry, Final Report (Watertight Compartments)|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103014858/http://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTReport/BOTRepWC.php|access-date=14 April 2012|ref={{harvid|Report|1912}}|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103014858/https://web.archive.org/web/20140103014858/http://www.titanicinquiry.org/BOTInq/BOTReport/BOTRepWC.php|archive-date=3 January 2014}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q25173|c=Category:Titanic|n=Category:RMS Titanic|b=no|v=no|voy=RMS Titanic|m=no|mw=no|s=Portal:RMS Titanic|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20151219230612/http://www.premierexhibitions.com/corporate/all/rms-titanic-inc RMS ''Titanic'', Inc], exclusive steward of RMS ''Titanic'' * [http://www.titanichistoricalsociety.org/ ''Titanic'' Historical Society] * [http://www.marconicalling.com/museum/html/indexes/titanicmessagelist.html Collection of Marconigram radio messages related to the ''Titanic''] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160125072331/http://www.marconicalling.com/museum/html/indexes/titanicmessagelist.html Archived] 25 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine * [https://www.theguardian.com/uk/the-titanic Titanic] collected news and commentary at ''The Guardian'' * [http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/subjects/t/titanic/index.html ''New York Times'' coverage of the ''Titanic''] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180912145844/http://www.lva.virginia.gov/exhibits/titanic/ "Titanic in Black and White"] at Library of Virginia * {{cite web |last=Ruhlow |first=Tina |title=50 Images From The Titanic You Have To See To Believe |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201226061248/https://explore.reference.com/50-images-from-the-titanic-you-have-to-see-to-believe/ |website=Reference.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201226061248/https://web.archive.org/web/20201226061248/https://explore.reference.com/50-images-from-the-titanic-you-have-to-see-to-believe/ |archive-date=26 December 2020 |date=December 2020 |url-status=live}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_xKDRmhp6lQ ''Titanic'' Footage and Survivors Interviews] for YouTube top * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=05o7sOAjtXE ''Titanic'' Footage: Leaving Belfast – British Pathé] for YouTube top * [http://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/tel4/newspapers/search?query=titanic References to the ''Titanic'' in European Historic Newspapers] * [http://www.shapell.org/manuscript/postcard-sent-from-aboard-titanic Rare Postcard from the ''Titanic''] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fHmgF4ibmuk RMS Titanic: Fascinating Engineering Facts] for YouTube top – Professor William S. Hammack {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Titanic}} [[Category:RMS Titanic| ]] [[Category:1910s insyd Newfoundland]] [[Category:1911 ships]] [[Category:1912 disasters insyd Canada]] [[Category:1912 disasters insyd de United Kingdom]] [[Category:1912 disasters insyd de United States]] [[Category:1985 archaeological discoveries]] [[Category:Four funnel liners]] [[Category:History of Halifax, Nova Scotia]] [[Category:Olympic-class ocean liners]] [[Category:Passenger ships of de United Kingdom]] [[Category:Ships dem build by Harland den Wolff]] [[Category:Ships dem build insyd Belfast]] [[Category:Ships of Ireland]] [[Category:Ships of de White Star Line]] [[Category:Ships sunk by icebergs]] [[Category:Shipwrecks insyd de Atlantic Ocean]] [[Category:Shipwrecks of de Newfoundland den Labrador coast]] [[Category:Steamships of de United Kingdom]] ffk94kvnkruacy26q3aqt91cz09qyvr 0 2845 112447 103876 2026-09-24T23:51:31Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112447 wikitext text/x-wiki   {{Databox|item=Q4765996}} De '''Ankasa Conservation Area''' be area insyd southwestern [[Ghana]], insyd Ghana ein [[Western Region (Ghana)|Western Region]], about 365 kilometres west of [[Accra]] near de border plus [[Ivory Coast|Côte d'Ivoire]].<ref>[[Ivory Coast|"Ivory Coast"]], ''Wikipedia'', 2019-05-21, retrieved 2019-05-25</ref> Edey incorporate de [[Nini Suhien National Park]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220701210125/https://fcghana.org/page.php/?page=268&section=32&typ=1&subs=275 "Nini Suhien National Park and Ankasa Resources Reserve, Ghana"]. ''www.fcghana.org''. Retrieved 2019-05-25.</ref> insyd de North, den de Ankasa Forest Reserve insyd de South.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190916041523/http://www.ghanawildlifesociety.org/page.php?page=209&section=32&typ=1&subs= "Ghana Wildlife Society:ANKASA NATIONAL PARK (Accessed June 2014)".]Archived from [http://www.ghanawildlifesociety.org/page.php?page=209&section=32&typ=1&subs= the original] on 2013-09-11. Retrieved 2014-06-25.</ref> De park be approximately 500 square kilometers, den edey consist largely of tropical evergreen rainforest.<ref>[https://rainforests.mongabay.com/ "Rainforests"]. ''Mongabay.com''. Retrieved 2019-05-25.</ref> De Ankasa Conservation Area be de only wildlife wey ebe area dem protect insyd Ghana dat dey locate insyd de wet evergreen tropical high rainforest belt.<ref name=":0">Tilahun, Mesfin; Damnyag, Lawrence; Anglaaere, Luke C.N. (2016). "The Ankasa Forest Conservation Area of Ghana: Ecosystem service values and on-site REDD + opportunity cost". ''Forest Policy and Economics''. '''73''': 168–176. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.forpol.2016.08.011|10.1016/j.forpol.2016.08.011]].</ref> De Ankasa, Nini, den Suhien Rivers all pass through de park, den are known for ein rapids den waterfalls. De forest gey de most biological diversity of any insyd Ghana, with over 800 vascular plant species, 639 butterfly species, den more dan 190 bird species.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Hall, J. B.; Swaine, M. D. (1976). "Classification and Ecology of Closed-Canopy Forest in Ghana". ''Journal of Ecology''. '''64''' (3): 913–951. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/2258816|10.2307/2258816]]. [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]]&nbsp;[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2258816 2258816].</ref> Animal life dey include de elephant, bongo, leopard, chimpanzee,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161018065027/http://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/c/chimpanzee/ "Chimpanzee | National Geographic"]. ''Animals''. 2011-05-10. Retrieved 2019-05-25.</ref> Diana monkey,<ref>[https://www.iucnredlist.org/en "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species"]. ''IUCN Red List of Threatened Species''. Retrieved 2019-05-25.</ref> den oda primates. Apart from de forest wey edey reserve wey dem selectively log til 1976, de rest of de protected area dey almost intact.<ref name=":0" /> De park dey include basic camping facilities plus shelters, toilets, den running water along plus chaw facilities for sitting down den having chat. [[File:Untouched_pool_in_Ankasa_-_Ghana_14_IMG_0830_(16010557179).jpg|alt=|center|thumb|436x436px| Ankasa Forest ]] == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061009013012/http://www.ghanatourism.gov.gh/regions/highlight_detail.asp?id=7&rdid=247 Ghana Ministry of Tourism -- official site] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304140959/http://www.ghanawildlifesociety.org/page.php?page=46&section=22&typ=1&subs= Ghana Wildlife Society (Accessed June 2014)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100716145423/http://apes.eva.mpg.de/apeswiki/index.php/Ankasa_Conservation_Area Status of Great Apes in the area] == References == [[Category:Western Region (Ghana)]] [[Category:Protected areas of Ghana]] [[Category:Eastern Guinean forests]] <references /> [[Category:Ghana]] [[Category:Pages plus maps]] [[Category:Ghana geography]] [[Category:Tourism for Ghana insyd]] apfkusoyixxqn8o851nk5mg45kijbq1 0 2881 112482 50059 2026-09-25T00:53:19Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112482 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fish plus chips''' be hot dish wey dey consist of fish dem fry for batter insyd, dem serve plus chips. De dish originate insyd England, wer na dem introduce dese two components from separate immigrant cultures; no bro kno who combine dem.<ref>Black, Les (1996). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=tZn7AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA15 New Ethnicities and Urban Culture]''. Oxford: Routledge. p.&nbsp;15. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/1-85728-251-5|1-85728-251-5]]</bdi>. Retrieved 14 February 2019.</ref><ref>Alexander, James (18 December 2009). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8419026.stm "The unlikely origin of fish and chips"]. ''BBC News''. Retrieved 16 July 2013.</ref> Often dem consider am Britain ein national dish, fish plus chips be common takeaway food for chaw oda countries, particularly English-speaking den Commonwealth nations.<ref>Smith, Andrew F. (2012). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=7-WcKK01H1cC&pg=PA258 Fast Food and Junk Food: An Encyclopedia of What We Love to Eat]''. ABC-CLIO. p.&nbsp;258. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>9780313393938</bdi>. Retrieved 25 August 2021.</ref> == Bibliography == * Priestland, Gerald (1972). ''Frying tonight: the saga of fish & chips''. London: Gentry Books. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-85614-014-3|978-0-85614-014-3]]</bdi>. * Walton, John K. (1989). "Fish and Chips and the British Working Class, 1870–1930". ''Journal of Social History''. '''23''' (2): 243–266. doi:[[doi:10.1353/jsh/23.2.243|10.1353/jsh/23.2.243.]] JSTOR [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3787879 3787879]. * Walton, John K. (1994). ''Fish and Chips, and the British Working Class, 1870–1940'' (1st ed.). Leicester: Leicester University Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-567-21232-0|978-0-567-21232-0]]</bdi>. == References == <references /> == External links == '''Fish plus chips''' at Wikipedia ein sisto projects * [[c:Category:Fish_and_chips|Media]] from Commons * [[wikiquote:Special:Search/Fish_and_chips|Quotations]] from Wikiquote * [[wikibooks:Fish_and_Chips|Textbooks]] from Wikibooks * [[wikidata:Q203925|Data]] from Wikidata * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3380151.stm "Top UK dish 'hooked French first'"]: BBC News: Fish and chips invented in France? Retrieved 2008-05-27 * [https://www.theguardian.com/g2/story/0,,492211,00.html "My plaice or yours?"] - article from ''The Guardian'' detailing some chippy terminology. Retrieved 2008-05-27 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130605134000/http://greatbritishkitchen.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=70&Itemid=52 Far Flung Fish and Chips] - historical article * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081011050658/http://www.seafish.org/plate/fishandchips.asp "Fish and chips"]: the (UK) Sea Fish Industry Authority's views. Retrieved 2008-05-27 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110806163826/http://www.bbc.co.uk/chinesefoodmadeeasy/recipes/episode_3.shtml?fishandchips BBC TWO] Ching He Huang-style fish and chips * [http://www.federationoffishfriers.co.uk/ National Federation of Fish Friers], the UK industry body for fish and chip shops. [[Category:British cuisine]] [[Category:English cuisine]] [[Category:Irish cuisine]] [[Category:Norwegian cuisine]] [[Category:American cuisine]] [[Category:Canadian cuisine]] [[Category:Australian cuisine]] [[Category:New Zealand cuisine]] [[Category:South African cuisine]] [[Category:Indian cuisine]] [[Category:Fast food]] [[Category:Fish dishes]] [[Category:Potato dishes]] [[Category:Deep fried foods]] [[Category:Food combinations]] [[Category:National dishes]] [[Category:British fish dishes]] [[Category:Canadian fish dishes]] [[Category:Street foods]] lx1dagskxe01xyar5r6dtifcezx1ot4 0 3781 112472 107235 2026-09-25T00:40:21Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112472 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q84681834}} '''Deborah Acquah''' (born May 23, 1996) be Ghanaian long jumper. Na she compete for world championships, most recently for de 2019 African Games insyd Rabat, [[Morocco]].<ref>[https://www.graphic.com.gh/sports/sports-news/ghana-news-acquah-wins-silver-in-long-jump.html "Acquah wins Silver in long jump"]. ''Graphic Online''. Retrieved 2020-02-09.</ref><ref>[https://worldathletics.org/athletes/ghana/deborah-acquah-333886 "Deborah Acquah | Profile"]. ''worldathletics.org''. Retrieved 2020-02-09.</ref><ref name=":0">[https://web.archive.org/web/20190904000246/https://www.myjoyonline.com/sports/2019/August-30th/african-games-deborah-acquah-wins-silver-medal-in-womens-long-jump.php "African Games: Deborah Acquah wins silver medal in Women's Long Jump"]. ''www.myjoyonline.com''. Retrieved 2020-02-09.</ref> She be de current holder of Ghana ein indoor long den triple jump records.<ref name=":3">Sedode, Pilot. [https://kuulpeeps.com/2020/02/deborah-acquah-sets-new-triple-jump-record-at-charlie-thomas-invitational/ "Deborah Acquah Sets New Triple Jump Record At Charlie Thomas Invitational - Kuulpeeps - Ghana Campus News and Lifestyle Site by Students"]. Retrieved 2020-04-18.</ref> == Early life den education == Acquah get ein secondary school education for Fiaseman Senior High School. Na she be student of Western Texas College buh now nu she current dey have ein college education for Texas A&M University.<ref name=":1">[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/NCAA-Deborah-Acquah-wins-bronze-in-long-jump-Bissah-Amoah-miss-out-on-medals-753127 "NCAA: Deborah Acquah wins bronze in long jump; Bissah, Amoah miss out on medals"]. ''www.ghanaweb.com''. Retrieved 2020-02-09.</ref> == Career == For August 2019 insyd, she compete for de 2019 African Games insyd Rabat wey she chop silver medal give Ghana plus jump of 6.37 m insyd de Women's Long Jump.<ref name=":0" /><ref>myadmin (2019-08-30). [https://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2019/08/30/deborah-acquah-wins-silver-medal-in-womens-long-jump/ "Deborah Acquah wins silver medal in Women's Long Jump"]. ''Ghana Business News''. Retrieved 2020-02-09.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191215041848/https://ghanasportsonline.com/2019/08/african-games-2019-deborah-acquah-grabs-silver-for-ghana-in-womens-long-jump/ "African Games 2019: Deborah Acquah grabs silver for Ghana in Women's Long Jump"]. ''Ghana Sports Online''. 2019-08-29. Archived from [https://ghanasportsonline.com/2019/08/african-games-2019-deborah-acquah-grabs-silver-for-ghana-in-womens-long-jump/ the original] on 2019-12-15. Retrieved 2020-02-09.</ref> She sanso compete insyd de NCAA Division 1 Championships insyd Austin, Texas wey she chop bronze for de women's long jump insyd.<ref name=":1" /> Insyd January 2020, ein 21-foot six inch long jump break 22-year school record by four inches for de Ted Nelson Invitational.<ref>Brown, Travis L. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240309125228/https://theeagle.com/sports/new-focus-helps-acquah-break-texas-a-m-womens-long-jump-record/article_6a557482-3d98-11ea-b10d-439401918839.html "New focus helps Acquah break Texas A&M women's long jump record"]. ''The Eagle''. Retrieved 2020-04-18.</ref> Insyd February 2020, she break de Texas A&M triple jump record wey she chop first place for de Charlie Thomas Invitational.<ref>[https://www.kagstv.com/article/sports/aggiestrack/499-65b1cabb-f898-4c0f-9843-35c95ce32d06 "Deborah Acquah breaks school record in Charlie Thomas Invitational"]. ''KAGS''. Retrieved 2020-04-18.</ref> For 4 April 2022, Acquah jump 6.89 m insyd de long jump event during de Texas Dual Meet wey she set fresh Ghanaian national record. Plus dat jump she rank for de number two insyd de Texas A&M history wey make am de seventh-best collegian of all tym. Na ein jump sanso be de world-leading mark wey e place am for de world number one insyd de women's long jump event top.<ref>[https://www.kens5.com/article/sports/track-achane-sweeps-100m-200m-at-texas-dual-meet/499-ea46a41d-b8fa-4a1b-b73d-bf2470e3c672 "TRACK: Achane sweeps 100m, 200m at Texas Dual Meet"]. ''kens5.com''. 2 April 2022. Retrieved 3 April 2022.</ref><ref name=":2">Addo Jnr, George (3 April 2022). [https://www.myjoyonline.com/deborah-acquah-sets-new-womens-national-long-jump-record-with-world-leading-jump-of-6-89m/ "Deborah Acquah sets new Women's national long jump record with world leading jump of 6.89 m"]. ''My Joy Online''. Retrieved 3 April 2022.</ref> Base for dat tym she qualify for 2022 World Athletics Championships, 2022 Commonwealth Games, Africa Games den World University Games.<ref name=":2" /> == Personal bests == * Long jump: 6.63 m, NCAA Championships insyd Texas<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240309125445/https://12thman.com/sports/mens-track-and-field/roster/deborah-acquah/7678 "Deborah Acquah - Track and Field"]. ''Texas A&M Athletics - Home of the 12th Man''. Retrieved 2020-02-09.</ref> * Triple jump:13.77m, Charlie Thomas Invitational meet in College Station, Texas.<ref name=":3" /> * Long jump:6.57m, Ted Nelson Invitational in Texas.<ref name=":3" /> == References == <references /> [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Ghanaians]] [[Category:Ghanaian female long jumpers]] [[Category:1996 births]] [[Category:Ghanaian sportspeople]] [[Category:African Games silver medalists for Ghana]] [[Category:African Games medalists insyd athletics (track den field)]] [[Category:Athletes (track den field) at de 2019 African Games]] [[Category:Texas A&M Aggies women's track den field athletes]] [[Category:21st-century Ghanaian women]] [[Category:21st-century Ghanaian people]] [[Category:Athletes (track den field) at de 2022 Commonwealth Games]] [[Category:Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Ghana]] [[Category:Medallists at de 2022 Commonwealth Games]] [[Category:Western Texas College alumni]] dtbmrslycmzw2zlgoipwa66sbee6jx4 0 3824 112441 44949 2026-09-24T23:36:09Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112441 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q16602142}} '''Agnes Matilda Kalibata''' be Rwandan agricultural scientist wey san be policymaker, visionary leader den san be de presido give Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA).<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20240313015014/https://www.nasonline.org/programs/awards/2019-nas-awards/Kalibata.html "Agnes Kalibata"]. ''nasonline.org''. Retrieved 2019-02-02.</ref> Na she be [[Rwanda]] ein minister of agriculture den animal resources for 2008 to 2014 wey she begin ein tenure as presido give Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) for 2014 insyd.<ref name=":1" /> Dr. Kalibata serve as de Special Envoy give de UN Secretary-General.<ref>[https://agra.org/people/dr-agnes-kalibata/ "Dr. Agnes Kalibata - AGRA"]. 2023-06-06. Retrieved 2024-03-08.</ref> == Ein Early life den education == Dem born Kalibata for Rwanda insyd wey dem raise am as refugee for [[Uganda]] give parents wey be smallholders.<ref>Agnes Kalibata (Feb 15, 2016). [https://medium.com/@AGRAAlliance/by-agnes-kalibata-1bfa6118ecad "Small holders Front and Center"]. ''medium.com''.</ref> She earn ein bachelor's degree insyd entomology den biochemistry, wey she sanso get ein master's degree insyd agriculture, she get both for Makerere University for Uganda insyd.<ref name=":3">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150719004926/https://ifdc.org/board-of-directors/agnes-kalibata/ "Dr. Agnes M. Kalibata"]. ''IFDC''. 2015-02-13. Archived from [https://ifdc.org/board-of-directors/agnes-kalibata/ the original] on 2015-07-19. Retrieved 2019-02-10.</ref> She den earn ein Ph.D. insyd entomology for de University of Massachusetts Amherst.<ref name=":1" /> After she graduate for 2005, she carry out ein research for de Kawanda Agricultural Research Institute plus de International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, she collaborate plus Uganda ein Makerere University den de University of Massachusetts.<ref name=":1" /> == Ein Career == [[File:Agnes Matilda Kalibata 2019.jpg|thumb|Agnes Kalibata]] Kalibata serve as [[Rwanda]] ein minister of agriculture den animal resources for 2008 to 2014.<ref name=":1" /> Thru out ein tenure, na she promote de use of science-based approaches to agriculture so say dem go increase food production den sanso improve food security, wey na ein focus dey for de family farmers dema top.<ref name=":1" /> She implement policies, wey dem design so say farmers go connect give dema neighbors den customers, she san implement cooperative farming programs, den cow-sharing programs wey go make things easier give families wey wan own cows.<ref name=":0">says, Edward Kelley (2013-10-11). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230424100909/https://modernfarmer.com/2013/10/rwandas-ag-minister-agnes-matilda-kalibata/ "Rwanda's Ag Minister: Agnes Matilda Kalibata"]. ''Modern Farmer''. Retrieved 2019-02-02.</ref> For de six years wey na she be minister, Rwanda ein poverty level drop more dan 50 percent; ein agricultural sector ein annual budget grow from under US$10 million to ova US$150 million; wey Rwanda cam turn de first country wey sign compact under de Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (initiative of de African Union Commission).<ref name=":1" /> Dem dey praise am for ein chaw accomplishments,<ref name=":1" /> buh sam human rights groups criticize ein policies secof na she dey give financial support to farmers wey dey follow de government ein land consolidation policies per.<ref name=":0" /> For 2014 insyd, na she serve briefly as de University of Rwanda ein deputy vice chancellor for institutional advancement.<ref name=":1" /> She dey serve as presido give de Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) since 2014,<ref>[https://agra.org/who-we-are-our-leadership/agnes-kalibata-3/ "Dr. Agnes Kalibata"]. ''AGRA''. Retrieved 2019-02-10.</ref> ebe African-led organization wey dema mission be say dem go improve de food security den incomes of 30 million farming households for 11 African countries by 2021,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190717024845/https://agra.org/who-we-are/ "Our Story"]. ''AGRA''. Archived from [https://agra.org/who-we-are/ the original] on 2019-07-17. Retrieved 2019-02-10.</ref> among oda things, she dey provide access to better seeds den credit.<ref name=":1" /> She sanso dey for de board of de International Fertilizer Development Center den de administrative center of Anand, Gujarat.<ref>[https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/person/18942831 "Agnes Kalibata"]. ''bloomberg.com''. Retrieved 2019-12-16.</ref> Kalibata hold multiple roles for MINAGRI, Rwanda ein Ministry of Agriculture den Animal Resources; na dem appoint am permanent secretary of de ministry for 2006 insyd. Minister of State wey dey in Charge of Agriculture for 2008 insyd, then dem appoint am full Minister of Agriculture and Animal Resources for 2009 insyd.<ref>Alexandre, Kayitare. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160528062950/http://www.minagri.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/documents/FlashNews/Fn%2007%20September%202012.pdf "DR AGNES KALIBATA IS AWARDED YARA PRIZE FOR HAVING PROMOTED FOOD SECURITY IN RWANDA"] (PDF). ''MINAGRI Weekly Flash News''. Archived from [http://www.minagri.gov.rw/fileadmin/user_upload/documents/FlashNews/Fn%2007%20September%202012.pdf the original] (PDF) on 2016-05-28. Retrieved 2019-02-13.</ref><ref>[https://africafoodprize.org/laureates/ "Prize Laureates"]. 2019-01-14. Retrieved 2020-04-02.</ref> She sanso hold chaw oda positions wey dey include chair of de board of de Institute of Agriculture den Animal Husbandry den chair of de Rwanda ein National Clinical Research Center.<ref name=":2" /> She serve for de International Food Policy Research Institute's Advisory Council wey she manage World Bank project for Rwanda insyd.<ref name=":2">[https://web.archive.org/web/20161121005607/https://www.afdb.org/en/annual-meetings-2016/speakers/agnes-m-kalibata/ "Agnes M. Kalibata"]. ''African Development Bank''. Archived from [https://www.afdb.org/en/annual-meetings-2016/speakers/agnes-m-kalibata/ the original] on 2016-11-21. Retrieved 2019-02-10.</ref> Kalibata be member for de International Fertilizer Development Center (IDFC) ein board of directors since 2008, where she dey chair de board ein Africa Committee wey she sanso be member for dema executive den audit committees.<ref name=":3" /> She sanso be member give chaw national den international boards wey dey include de University of Rwanda, Africa Risk Capacity, de World Economic Forum ein Global Agenda Council, de Global Commission on Adaptation den de Malabo Montpellier Panel of Agriculture den Food Security Experts.<ref name=":1" /> For 2019 insyd, United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres appoint Kalibata as ein special envoy give de 2021 Food Systems Summit.<ref>[https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/personnel-appointments/2019-12-16/ms-agnes-kalibata-of-rwanda-special-envoy-for-2021-food-systems-summit "Ms. Agnes Kalibata of Rwanda - Special Envoy for 2021 Food Systems Summit | United Nations Secretary-General"]. ''www.un.org''. Retrieved 2024-03-13.</ref> == Ein Political positions == [[File:Agnes Kalibata 2019 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Agnes Kalibata]] Kalibata be instrumental in advocating for gender equality for Rwanda insyd, she dey emphasize for de economic benefits wey dey encourage women to play more public role for society insyd as Rwanda dey recover from de 1994 Rwandan genocide wey kill 800,000 people for three months insyd den lef Rwanda ein population for 60% female.<ref>Taylor, Katy (2008-05-21). [https://www.theguardian.com/katine/2008/may/21/background.uganda "Africa news round-up – 21.5.08"]. ''The Guardian''. ISSN&nbsp;[[issn:0261-3077|0261-3077]]. Retrieved 2019-02-02.</ref><ref>Anthony Faiola (19 May 2008). [https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2008/05/19/women_pave_way_for_rwandas_revival.html "Women pave way for Rwanda's revival"]. ''thestar.com''. Retrieved 2019-02-02.</ref> == Ein Honors den awards == For 2012 insyd, dem award Kalibata de Yara Prize (now dem dey bell am de Africa Food Prize), wey dey recognize outstanding individual anaa institution wey dey lead effort wey go change de reality of farming for Africa insyd.<ref name=":1" /> For 2018, de University of Liege, Belgium award am honorary doctorate for distinguished leadership (2018).<ref name=":1" /> Na she sanso be de receiver of de 2019 NAS Public Welfare Medal: wey de National Academies of Sciences dey describe as dema most prestigious award, dem dey award dis medal annually to scientist wey dey use science for de public good.<ref name=":1" /> == References == <references /> [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Rwandan scientists]] [[Category:Agriculture ministers of Rwanda]] [[Category:Women government ministers of Rwanda]] [[Category:Agriculturalists]] [[Category:Makerere University alumni]] [[Category:University of Massachusetts Amherst College of Natural Sciences alumni]] [[Category:Rwandan women scientists]] [[Category:21st-century Rwandan women]] [[Category:Rwandan activists]] [[Category:Rwandan women activists]] 1umunhxxjiqqgnlvyjf6rvfb44x6brd 0 4152 112463 34858 2026-09-25T00:19:50Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112463 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox|item=Q16}} '''Canada''' be country wey dey North America insyd. Ein ten provinces den three territories dey extend from de Atlantic Ocean go de Pacific Ocean den northward go de Arctic Ocean, wey dey make am de world ein second-largest country by total area, plus de world ein longest coastline. Ein border plus de United States be de world ein longest international land border. De country dey characterize by wide range of both meteorologic den geological regions. Ebe sparsely inhabited country of 40 million people, de vast majority dey reside south of de 55th parallel insyd urban areas. Canada ein capital be Ottawa den ein three largest metropolitan areas be Toronto, Montreal, den Vancouver. == Demographics == {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="10" |Largest metropolitan areas insyd Canada 2021 Canadian census<ref>[https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/92-195-x/2021001/geo/cma-rmr/cma-rmr-eng.htm "Census metropolitan area (CMA) and census agglomeration (CA)"]. ''Illustrated Glossary''. November 15, 2017. Retrieved September 8, 2023.</ref> |- !Rank !Name !Province !Pop. !Rank !Name !Province !Pop. |- |1 |Toronto |Ontario |6,202,225 |11 |London |Ontario |543,551 |- |2 |Montreal |Quebec |4,291,732 |12 |Halifax |Nova Scotia |465,703 |- |3 |Vancouver |British Columbia |2,642,825 |13 |St. Catharines–Niagara |Ontario |433,604 |- |4 |Ottawa–Gatineau |Ontario–Quebec |1,488,307 |14 |Windsor |Ontario |422,630 |- |5 |Calgary |Alberta |1,481,806 |15 |Oshawa |Ontario |415,311 |- |6 |Edmonton |Alberta |1,418,118 |16 |Victoria |British Columbia |397,237 |- |7 |Quebec City |Quebec |839,311 |17 |Saskatoon |Saskatchewan |317,480 |- |8 |Winnipeg |Manitoba |834,678 |18 |Regina |Saskatchewan |249,217 |- |9 |Hamilton |Ontario |785,184 |19 |Sherbrooke |Quebec |227,398 |- |10 |Kitchener–Cambridge–Waterloo |Ontario |575,847 |20 |Kelowna |British Columbia |222,162 |} == References == <references /> == You fi read further == '''Overview''' * Marsh, James H. (1999). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=wR_-aSFyvuYC&pg=PP1 The Canadian Encyclopedia]''. McClelland & Stewart. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7710-2099-5|978-0-7710-2099-5]]</bdi>. '''Culture''' * Cohen, Andrew (2007). ''[[iarchive:unfinishedcanadi00andr|The Unfinished Canadian: The People We Are]]''. McClelland & Stewart. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7710-2181-7|978-0-7710-2181-7]]</bdi>. * Vance, Jonathan F. (2011). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=TOR9SwAACAAJ A History of Canadian Culture]''. Oxford University Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-544422-3|978-0-19-544422-3]]</bdi>. * Forbes, H.D. (2019). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=t9W1DwAAQBAJ&pg=PR1 Multiculturalism in Canada: Constructing a Model Multiculture with Multicultural Values]''. Recovering Political Philosophy. Springer International Publishing. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-3-030-19835-0|978-3-030-19835-0]]</bdi>. '''Demography den statistics''' * ''[https://www5.statcan.gc.ca/bsolc/olc-cel/olc-cel?catno=11-402-X&chropg=1&lang=eng Canada Year Book (CYB) annual 1867–1967]''. Statistics Canada. 2008. * Carment, David; Bercuson, David (2008). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=VNYqAxXOxNIC&pg=PP1 The World in Canada: Diaspora, Demography, and Domestic Politics]''. McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7735-7854-8|978-0-7735-7854-8]]</bdi>. * [https://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/11-402-x/11-402-x2012000-eng.htm Canada Year Book, 2012] (Report). Statistics Canada. December 2012. ISSN [[issn:0068-8142|0068-8142]]. Catalogue no 11-402-XWE. '''Economy''' * Easterbrook, W.T.; Aitken, Hugh G. J. (2015). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=wQGNBgAAQBAJ&pg=PP1 Canadian Economic History]''. University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4426-5814-1|978-1-4426-5814-1]]</bdi>. * [http://www.oecd.org/eco/economic-survey-canada.htm E''conomic Survey of Canada - 11 March 2021'']. OECD. 2022. – ([https://web.archive.org/web/20160727104223/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/oecd-economic-surveys-canada_19990081 Previous surveys]) * Jones-Imhotep, Edward; Adcock, Tina (2018). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=o4x8DwAAQBAJ&pg=PP1 Made Modern: Science and Technology in Canadian History]''. UBC Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7748-3726-2|978-0-7748-3726-2]]</bdi>. '''Foreign relations den military''' * Conrad, John (2011). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=G8ypARC5JJkC&pg=PP1 Scarce Heard Amid the Guns: An Inside Look at Canadian Peacekeeping]''. Dundurn Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-55488-981-5|978-1-55488-981-5]]</bdi>. * Thomas Juneau; Philippe Lagassé; Srdjan Vucetic, eds. (2019). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=EmKtDwAAQBAJ&pg=PP1 Canadian Defence Policy in Theory and Practice]''. Springer Nature. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-3-03-026403-1|978-3-03-026403-1]]</bdi>. '''Geography den environment''' * Leiss, W. (2022). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=_vYrEAAAQBAJ&pg=PP1 Canada and Climate Change]''. Canadian Essentials. McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-2280-0985-6|978-0-2280-0985-6]]</bdi>. * MacDowell, L.S. (2012). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=j7-803ot3DIC&pg=PP1 An Environmental History of Canada]''. UBC Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-7748-2103-2|978-0-7748-2103-2]]</bdi>. * Montello, Daniel R.; Applegarth, Michael T.; McKnight, Tom L. (2021). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=dRMoEAAAQBAJ&pg=PR1 Regional Geography of the United States and Canada]'' (5th ed.). Waveland Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4786-4712-6|978-1-4786-4712-6]]</bdi>. * Stanford, Quentin H, ed. (2008). ''Canadian Oxford World Atlas'' (6th ed.). Oxford University Press (Canada). ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-19-542928-2|978-0-19-542928-2]]</bdi>. '''Government den law''' * Malcolmson, Patrick; Myers, Richard (2009). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=-jpXFH_ZhY8C&pg=PP1 The Canadian Regime: An Introduction to Parliamentary Government in Canada]'' (4th ed.). University of Toronto Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4426-0047-8|978-1-4426-0047-8]]</bdi>. * Morton, Frederick Lee (2002). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=dj_4_H35nmYC&pg=PP1 Law, politics, and the judicial process in Canada]''. Frederick Lee. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-55238-046-8|978-1-55238-046-8]]</bdi>. '''History''' * Careless, J. M. S. (2012). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=mARx1-EGwR0C&pg=PR1 Canada: A Story of Challenge]'' (Revised ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-107-67581-0|978-1-107-67581-0]]</bdi>. * Francis, RD; Jones, Richard; Smith, Donald B (2009). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=GbbZRIOKclsC&pg=PP1 Journeys: A History of Canada]''. Nelson Education. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-17-644244-6|978-0-17-644244-6]]</bdi>. * Taylor, Martin Brook; Owram, Doug (1994). ''Canadian History'' (2 volumes). University of Toronto Press. ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-5016-8|978-0-8020-5016-8]], ISBN [[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-2801-3|978-0-8020-2801-3]] '''Social welfare''' * Finkel, Alvin (2006). ''[[iarchive:socialpolicyprac0000fink|Social Policy and Practice in Canada: A History]]''. Wilfrid Laurier University Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-88920-475-1|978-0-88920-475-1]]</bdi>. * Thompson, Valerie D. (2015). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=rd51BwAAQBAJ&pg=PP1 Health and Health Care Delivery in Canada]''. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-927406-31-1|978-1-927406-31-1]]</bdi>. * Burke, Sara Z.; Milewski, Patrice (2011). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=apjYaExaI-QC&pg=PP1 Schooling in Transition: Readings in Canadian History of Education]''. University of Toronto Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-9577-0|978-0-8020-9577-0]]</bdi>. == External links == '''Canada''' for Wikipedia ein sisto projects * [[wiktionary:Special:Search/Canada|Definitions]] from Wiktionary * [[c:Canada|Media]] from Commons * [[wikinews:Category:Canada|News]] from Wikinews * [[wikiquote:Canada|Quotations]] from Wikiquote * [[wikisource:Special:Search/Canada|Texts]] from Wikisource * [[wikibooks:Special:Search/Canada|Textbooks]] from Wikibooks * [[wikiversity:Special:Search/Canada|Resources]] from Wikiversity * [[wikivoyage:Canada|Travel information]] from Wikivoyage '''Overviews''' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090204012447/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/canada.htm Canada] from UCB Libraries GovPubs * [[dmoz:Regional/North_America/Canada|Canada]] at Curlie * [https://www.oecd.org/canada/ Canada profile] from de OECD * [https://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=CA Key Development Forecasts for Canada] from International Futures '''Government''' * [https://www.canada.ca/ Official website of de Government of Canada] * [https://www.gg.ca/ Official website of de Governor General of Canada] * [https://pm.gc.ca/eng Official website of de Prime Ministers of Canada] '''Travel''' * [https://travel.gc.ca/ Canada ein official website for travel den tourism] [[Category:Canada]] [[Category:1867 establishments insyd Canada]] [[Category:Countries for North America insyd]] [[Category:Countries den territories wer English be official language]] [[Category:Federal monarchies]] [[Category:French-speaking countries den territories]] [[Category:G20 members]] [[Category:Member states of NATO]] [[Category:Member states of de Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:Member states of de Organisation internationale de la Francophonie]] [[Category:Member states of de United Nations]] [[Category:Northern America]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1867]] [[Category:OECD members]] aveoq1wuvphz0jvoh4vy3806199ntye 0 4278 112577 108651 2026-09-25T03:10:06Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112577 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} "'''Whip It'''" be song by American new wave band [[Devo]] from dema third studio album ''Freedom of Choice'' (1980). == Credits den personnel == Credits dem adapt from ''Pioneers Who Got Scalped: The Anthology'' CD liner notes, except wer dem note.<ref>Devo (2000). ''Pioneers Who Got Scalped: The Anthology'' (CD liner notes). Rhino. R2 75967.</ref> '''Devo''' * Mark Mothersbaugh – vocals, keyboards, guitar * Gerald Casale – vocals, bass guitar, keyboards * Bob Mothersbaugh – lead guitar, vocals * Bob Casale – rhythm guitar, keyboards, vocals * Alan Myers – drums '''Technical''' * Mark Mothersbaugh den Gerald Casale dem wrep am * Devo in association plus Robert Margouleff dem produce am * Robert Margouleff & Howard Siegal dem engineer am * Assistant engineer: Karat Faye * Dem record den mix am at Record Plant, Los Angeles * Ken Perry master am, Capitol Studios, Los Angeles<ref>''Freedom of Choice'' (liner notes). Devo. Warner Bros. Records. 1980.</ref> == Charts == {| class="wikitable" | === Weekly charts === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Weekly chart performance give "Whip It" !Chart (1980–1981) !Peak position |- !Australia (Kent Music Report)<ref>[[:en:Whip_It_(Devo_song)#CITEREFKent1993|Kent 1993]], p. 88.</ref> |77 |- !Canada Top Singles (''RPM'')<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241201071032/https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/films-videos-sound-recordings/rpm/Pages/image.aspx?Image=nlc008388.0279&URLjpg=http%3a%2f%2fwww.collectionscanada.gc.ca%2fobj%2f028020%2ff4%2fnlc008388.0279.gif&Ecopy=nlc008388.0279 "Top RPM Singles: Issue 0279."] ''RPM''. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved June 18, 2013.</ref> |11 |- !New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)<ref>[https://charts.nz/showitem.asp?interpret=Devo&titel=Whip+It&cat=s "Devo – Whip It"]. Top 40 Singles. Retrieved July 22, 2013.</ref> |11 |- !UK Singles (Official Charts Company)<ref>[[:en:Whip_It_(Devo_song)#CITEREFThompson2000|Thompson 2000]], p. 327.</ref> |51 |- !US ''Billboard'' Hot 100<ref>[https://www.billboard.com/artist/Devo/chart-history/HSI "Devo Chart History (Hot 100)"]. ''Billboard''. Retrieved September 5, 2017.</ref> |14 |- !US ''Billboard'' Hot Dance Club Play<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20141202235030/http://www.allmusic.com/album/freedom-of-choice-mw0000189668/awards "Freedom of Choice – Awards"]. ''AllMusic''. Archived from [http://www.allmusic.com/album/freedom-of-choice-mw0000189668/awards the original] on December 2, 2014. Retrieved May 29, 2013.</ref> |8 |- !US ''Cash Box''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120913113526/http://cashboxmagazine.com/archives/80s_files/19801122.html "Cash Box Top 100 Singles – Week Ending November 22, 1980"]. ''Cash Box''. Archived from [http://cashboxmagazine.com/archives/80s_files/19801122.html the original] on September 13, 2012. Retrieved September 8, 2017.</ref> |13 |- !US ''Record World''<ref>[http://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-Record-World/80s/80/RW-1980-12-13.pdf "Record World Singles"] (PDF). ''Record World''. Vol. 37, no. 1742. December 13, 1980. p. 27. See last week peak position. Retrieved September 9, 2017.</ref> |17 |} |} === Year-end charts === {| class="wikitable" |+Year-end chart performance give "Whip It" !Chart (1981) !Position |- !US ''Billboard'' Hot 100<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=BCQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT60 "Singles"]. ''Billboard''. December 26, 1981. p. YE-9. ISSN 0006-2510.</ref> |94 |} == Sales den certifications == {| class="wikitable sortable" |+Certifications den sales give "Whip It" !Region !Certification !Certified units/sales |- ![[Canada]] (Music Canada)<ref>[https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/?_gp_search=Whip+It%20Devo "Canadian single certifications – Devo – Whip It"]. Music Canada. Retrieved September 8, 2017.</ref> |Gold |75,000^{^} |- !United States (RIAA)<ref>[https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=Devo&ti=Whip+It&format=Single&type=#search_section "American single certifications – Devo – Whip It"]. Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved December 15, 2023.</ref> |Platinum |1,000,000^‡ |- | colspan="3" |<small>^{^} Shipments figures dey base for certification alone top.</small> <small>^‡ Sales+streaming figures dey base for certification top per.</small> |} == References == <references /> === Bibliography === * {{cite book|first=Thomas|last=Harrison|year=2017|title=Pop Goes the Decade: The Eighties|url=https://archive.org/details/popgoesdecadeeig0000harr|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-4408-3667-1}} * {{cite book|first=David|last=Kent|year=1993|title=Australian Chart Book 1970–1992|publisher=Australian Chart Book|isbn=978-0-6461-1917-5}} * {{cite book|first1=Lori|last1=Majewski|first2=Jonathan|last2=Bernstein|year=2014|title=Mad World, An Oral History of New Wave Artists and Songs That Defined the 1980s|publisher=Abrams Books|isbn=978-1-6131-2666-0}} * {{cite book|first=Brent|last=Mann|year=2003|title=99 Red Balloons: And 100 All-time One-hit Wonders|url=https://archive.org/details/99redballoons1000000mann|publisher=Citadel Press|isbn=978-0-8065-2516-7}} * {{cite book|first=David V.|last=Moskowitz|year=2015|title=The 100 Greatest Bands of All Time: A Guide to the Legends Who Rocked the World|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781440803390|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-4408-0340-6}} * {{cite book|first=Evie|last=Nagy|year=2015|title=Devo's Freedom of Choice|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=978-1-6235-6317-2}} * {{cite book|first=Simon|last=Reynolds|year=2005|title=Rip It Up and Start Again|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=978-1-1012-0105-3}} * {{cite book|first=Dave|last=Thompson|year=2000|title=Alternative Rock|publisher=Hal Leonard Corporation|isbn=978-0-8793-0607-6}} == External links == {{Authority control}} [[Category:1980 songs]] [[Category:1980 singles]] [[Category:Devo songs]] [[Category:Cultural depictions of Jimmy Carter]] [[Category:Music video controversies]] [[Category:Novelty songs]] [[Category:Songs about presidents of de United States]] [[Category:Songs wey Gerald Casale wrep]] [[Category:Songs wey Mark Mothersbaugh wrep]] [[Category:Warner Records singles]] h043zqhrsdoaemsnl2lec3mbr7k5na6 0 4331 112563 74914 2026-09-25T02:51:33Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112563 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stevland Hardaway Morris''' (/ˈstiːvˌlənd/; né '''Judkins'''; dem born am May 13, 1950), alias '''Stevie Wonder''', be an American with Ghanaian citizenship<ref>[https://www.myjoyonline.com/stevie-wonder-takes-oath-of-allegiance-receives-certificate-of-citizenship-as-a-ghanaian/ "Stevie Wonder takes Oath of Allegiance; receives certificate of citizenship as a Ghanaian - MyJoyOnline"]. ''www.myjoyonline.com''. May 13, 2024. Retrieved May 13, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.mint.gov.gh/president-akufo-addo-confers-ghanaian-citizenship-on-stevie-wonder/ "President Akufo-Addo confers Ghanaian citizenship on Stevie Wonder"]. ''Ministry of the Interior│Republic of Ghana''. May 2024. Retrieved May 13, 2024.</ref> singer-songwriter, musician, den record producer. He be credited as sam pioneer den influence by musicians across sam range of genres wey dey include R&amp;amp;B, pop, soul, gospel, funk, den jazz. Sam virtual one-man band, Wonder ein use of synthesizers den oda electronic musical instruments for de 1970s tym reshape de conventions of contemporary R&amp;amp;B. He sana help drive such genres go de album era, wey dey craft ein LPs as cohesive den consistent, in addition to socially conscious statements plus complex compositions. Blind since shortly afta ein birth, na Wonder be sam child prodigy wey sign plus Motown ein Tamla label for de age of 11, wer na dem give am de professional name '''Little Stevie Wonder'''. == Ein Early life == Dem born Wonder Stevland Hardaway Judkins for Saginaw, Michigan, for May 13, 1950 insyd, de third of five kiddies wey dem born to Lula Mae Hardaway,<ref>Love, Dennis; Brown, Stacy (2007). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=2I_vHgAACAAJ Blind Faith: The Miraculous Journey of Lula Hardaway, Stevie Wonder's Mother]''. Simon & Schuster. ISBN&nbsp;<bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-7785-0|978-1-4165-7785-0]]</bdi>.</ref> den de second of Hardaway ein two kiddies plus Calvin Judkins.<ref>Ribowski, Mark (2010). ''Signed, Sealed, and Delivered: The Soulful Journey of Stevie Wonder''. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hardaway had her first child, Stevie's half-brother Milton, prior to her relationship with Judkins; following her split with Judkins, she rekindled her relationship with Milton's father, coincidentally named Paul Hardaway, who by now had another child of his own – Stevie's stepbrother Larry – and with whom she went on to have two more children, Stevie's half-sister Renee and half-brother Timmy</ref> Dem born am six weeks premature, sam condition wey, along plus de oxygen-rich atmosphere for de hospital incubator insyd, eresult for retinopathy of prematurity insyd, sam disease wey dey abort eye growth wey often dey cause de retinas make e detach, wey elef am blind.<ref>[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/stevie-wonder-blind-faith-865838.html "Stevie Wonder: Blind faith"]. ''The Independent''. July 12, 2008. [https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220525/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/stevie-wonder-blind-faith-865838.html Archived] from the original on May 25, 2022. Retrieved July 29, 2008.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110708171546/http://www.cnnstudentnews.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1011/30/lkl.01.html "Transcript of interview: Larry King and Stevie Wonder"]. ''Larry King Live''. CNN. November 30, 2010. Archived from [http://www.cnnstudentnews.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1011/30/lkl.01.html the original] on July 8, 2011. Retrieved January 4, 2011.</ref> == Awards den recognition == === Grammy Awards === Wonder win 25 Grammy Awards,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190403134648/https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/stevie-wonder "Stevie Wonder – Artist Profile"]. ''Grammy.com''. Retrieved January 13, 2020.</ref> as well as Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award for 1996 insyd.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070213065421/http://www.grammy.com/Recording_Academy/Awards/Lifetime_Awards/ "Lifetime Achievement Award"]. Grammy.com. Archived from [http://www.grammy.com/Recording_Academy/Awards/Lifetime_Awards/ the original] on February 13, 2007. Retrieved October 30, 2008.</ref> He be one of four artists den groups per wey win de Grammy for Album of de Year three tyms as de main artist dem credit, along plus Frank Sinatra, Paul Simon, den Taylor Swift. Wonder be de artist per wey win de award plus three consecutive album releases. {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" ! colspan="3" |Grammy Awards |- !Year !Award !Title |- |1973 |Best Rhythm & Blues Song |"Superstition" |- |1973 |Best R&B Vocal Performance, Male |"Superstition" |- |1973 |Best Pop Vocal Performance, Male |"You Are the Sunshine of My Life" |- |1973 |Album of the Year |''Innervisions'' |- |1974 |Best Rhythm & Blues Song |"Living for the City" |- |1974 |Best Male R&B Vocal Performance |"Boogie on Reggae Woman" |- |1974 |Best Male Pop Vocal Performance |''Fulfillingness' First Finale'' |- |1974 |Album of the Year |''Fulfillingness' First Finale'' |- |1976 |Best Male R&B Vocal Performance |"I Wish" |- |1976 |Best Male Pop Vocal Performance |''Songs in the Key of Life'' |- |1976 |Best Producer of the Year* |N/A |- |1976 |Album of the Year |''Songs in the Key of Life'' |- |1985 |Best Male R&B Vocal Performance |''In Square Circle'' |- |1986 |Best Pop Performance by a Duo Or Group With Vocal ''(dem award to Dionne Warwick, Elton John, Gladys Knight, den Wonder)'' |"That's What Friends Are For" |- |1995 |Best Rhythm & Blues Song |"For Your Love" |- |1995 |Best Male R&B Vocal Performance |"For Your Love" |- |1998 |Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocal(s) ''(dem award to Herbie Hancock, Robert Sadin, den Wonder)'' |"St. Louis Blues" |- |1998 |Best Male R&B Vocal Performance |"St. Louis Blues" |- |2002 |Best R&B Performance by a Duo Or Group With Vocals ''(dem award to Wonder den Take 6)'' |"Love's in Need of Love Today" |- |2005 |Best Male Pop Vocal Performance |"From the Bottom of My Heart" |- |2005 |Best R&B Performance by a Duo Or Group With Vocals ''(dem award to Beyoncé den Wonder)'' |"So Amazing" |- |2006 |Best Pop Collaboration With Vocals ''(dem award to Tony Bennett den Wonder)'' |"For Once in My Life" |} {| class="wikitable" |+ !Year !Nominee / work !Award !Result |- | rowspan="2" |1967 | rowspan="2" |"Uptight" |Best Rhythm & Blues Recording |Dem nominate am |- |Best Rhythm & Blues Solo Vocal Performance, Male or Female |Dem nominate am |- |1969 |"For Once in My Life" |Best Rhythm & Blues Vocal Performance, Male |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="2" |1971 | rowspan="2" |"Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours" |Best Rhythm & Blues Song |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="3" |Best R&B Vocal Performance, Male |Dem nominate am |- |1972 |"We Can Work It Out" |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="6" |1974 | rowspan="2" |"Superstition" |Win |- |Best Rhythm & Blues Song |Win |- | rowspan="3" |"You Are the Sunshine of My Life" |Best Pop Vocal Performance, Male |Win |- |Record of the Year |Dem nominate am |- |Song of the Year |Dem nominate am |- |''Innervisions'' | rowspan="2" |Album of the Year |Win |- | rowspan="6" |1975 | rowspan="2" |''Fulfillingness' First Finale'' |Win |- |Best Pop Vocal Performance, Male |Win |- |"Boogie On Reggae Woman" |Best R&B Vocal Performance, Male |Win |- |"Living for the City" | rowspan="2" |Best Rhythm & Blues Song |Win |- |"Tell Me Something Good" |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="2" |Stevie Wonder | rowspan="2" |Best Producer of the Year |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="7" |1977 |Win |- | rowspan="2" |"Contusion" |Best Pop Instrumental Performance |Dem nominate am |- |Best Instrumental Composition |Dem nominate am |- |"Have a Talk with God" |Best Inspirational Performance |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="2" |''Songs in the Key of Life'' |Album of the Year |Win |- |Best Pop Vocal Performance, Male |Win |- |"I Wish" | rowspan="2" |Best R&B Vocal Performance, Male |Win |- | rowspan="4" |1981 |"Master Blaster (Jammin')" |Dem nominate am |- |''Stevie Wonder's Journey Through "The Secret Life of Plants"'' |Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture or a Television Special |Dem nominate am |- |Stevie Wonder |Producer of the Year (Non-Classical) |Dem nominate am |- |"Let's Get Serious" | rowspan="3" |Best Rhythm & Blues Song |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="7" |1983 |"That Girl" |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="3" |"Do I Do" |Dem nominate am |- |Best R&B Vocal Performance, Male |Dem nominate am |- |Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocal(s) |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="2" |"Ebony and Ivory" |Record of the Year |Dem nominate am |- |Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal |Dem nominate am |- |"What's That You're Doing" |Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="4" |1985 | rowspan="2" |"I Just Called to Say I Love You" |Song of the Year |Dem nominate am |- |Best Pop Vocal Performance, Male |Dem nominate am |- |"I Just Called to Say I Love You (Instrumental)" |Best Pop Instrumental Performance |Dem nominate am |- |''The Woman in Red'' | rowspan="2" |Best R&B Vocal Performance, Male |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="2" |1986 |''In Square Circle'' |Win |- |"Part-Time Lover" |Best Pop Vocal Performance, Male |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="2" |1987 | rowspan="2" |"That's What Friends Are For" |Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal |Win |- |Record of the Year |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="2" |1988 | rowspan="2" |"Skeletons" |Best Rhythm & Blues Song |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="3" |Best R&B Vocal Performance, Male |Dem nominate am |- |1989 |''Characters'' |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="3" |1992 | rowspan="2" |"Gotta Have You" |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="2" |Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or for Television |Dem nominate am |- |"Jungle Fever" |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="2" |1996 | rowspan="2" |"For Your Love" |Best Male R&B Vocal Performance |Win |- |Best Rhythm & Blues Song |Win |- |1997 |"Kiss Lonely Goodbye (Harmonica with Orchestra)" |Best Pop Instrumental Performance |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="2" |1998 | rowspan="2" |"How Come, How Long" |Best Short Form Music Video |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="2" |Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="3" |1999 |"How Come, How Long" (Live) |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="2" |"St. Louis Blues" |Best Male R&B Vocal Performance |Win |- |Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocal(s) |Win |- | rowspan="2" |2003 |"Love's in Need of Love Today" |Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal |Win |- |"Christmas Song" | rowspan="3" |Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals |Dem nominate am |- |2005 |"Moon River" |Dem nominate am |- | rowspan="6" |2006 |"A Time to Love" |Dem nominate am |- |''A Time to Love'' |Best R&B Album |Dem nominate am |- |"So What the Fuss" |Best Male R&B Vocal Performance |Dem nominate am |- |"How Will I Know" | rowspan="2" |Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals |Dem nominate am |- |"So Amazing" |Win |- |"From the Bottom of My Heart" |Best Male Pop Vocal Performance |Win |- |2007 |"For Once in My Life" |Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals |Win |- |2009 |"Never Give You Up" |Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals |Dem nominate am |- |2010 |"All About the Love Again" |Best Male Pop Vocal Performance |Dem nominate am |} === Other awards den recognition === {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" !Awards and recognition |- | * 1983: dem induct am to de Songwriters Hall of Fame. * 1984: receive Academy Award for Best Song for "I Just Called to Say I Love You" from de movie ''The Woman in Red''. * 1989: dem induct am to de Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. * 1994: Star on de Hollywood Walk of Fame. * 1999: receive de Polar Music Prize den Kennedy Center Honors. * 2002: receive de George and Ira Gershwin Lifetime Achievement Award at UCLA's Spring Sing. De same year, Wonder receive de Sammy Cahn Lifetime Achievement Award from de Songwriters Hall of Fame. * 2004: receive de Billboard Century Award. Sanso for 2004 insyd, ''Rolling Stone'' rank am No. 15 for dema list of de 100 Greatest Rock and Roll Artists of All Time top. * 2006: dem induct am, as one of de first inductees, into de Michigan Walk of Fame. * 2006: Recipient of Lifetime Achievement Award from de National Civil Rights Museum insyd Memphis. * 2008: Dem rank am at number five on "The Billboard Hot 100 Top All-Time Artists", wey dey make am as de third most successful male artist insyd de history of ''Billboard'' Hot 100 chart. * February 23, 2009: Recipient of de Library of Congress's second Gershwin Prize For Popular Song, US Presido Barack Obama honor am at de White House. * 2009: Recipient of de Montreal Jazz Festival Spirit Award. Dis special award dey underline popular artist ein extraordinary contribution to de musical world. De Montreal Jazz Festival Spirit Award dey for bronze insyd. * 2009: Dem name am Messenger of Peace by de United Nations. * March 6, 2010: Dem appoint am Commander of de Order of Arts and Letters by French Culture Minister Frédéric Mitterrand. Wonder be due make dem invest am plus dis honor for 1981 insyd, buh scheduling problems prevent dis from make e happen. Dem sanso give de Lifetime achievement award to Wonder for de same day, at [[France]] ein biggest music awards. * June 2011: de Apollo Theater induct Wonder into de Apollo Legends Hall of Fame. * 2012: Recipient of de ''Billboard'' Icon Award. * 2013: Receive de Music Makes One Global Ambassador Award from de outstanding music award ceremony of Asia den de World, Mnet Asian Music Awards. * 2014: Recipient of de Presidential Medal of Freedom. * 2014: Recipient of ASCAP Centennial Award. * 2021: Founding inductee of de Black Music and Entertainment Walk of Fame. * 2022: Recipient of de inaugural Icon Award from de Legal Defense Fund. |} === Honorary degrees === Stevie Wonder receive chaw honorary degrees in recognition of ein music career. Dese dey include: {| class="wikitable" !State !Date !School !Degree |- |Washington, D. C. |May 14, 1978 |Howard University |Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL)<ref>Feinberg, Lawrence (May 14, 1978). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1978/05/14/howard-u-confers-honorary-degree-on-stevie-wonder/86b6f66e-339e-49a8-9a89-c9179d135508/ "Howard U. Confers Honorary Degree On Stevie Wonder"]. ''Washington Post''.</ref> |- |Providence, RI |1987 |Brown University |Doctor of Music (DHL)<ref>[https://www.brown.edu/about/administration/corporation/1900s "Honorary Degrees: 1900s"]. ''The Corporation of Brown University''. Brown University. Retrieved February 1, 2023.</ref> |- |Alabama |June 2, 1996 |University of Alabama at Birmingham |Doctor of Music (D.Mus.)<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20171213082011/https://www.uab.edu/institutionaleffectiveness/images/factbook/sections/15-16_FactsFigures2017_HonoraryDegrees.pdf "Honorary UAB Degrees Conferred"] (PDF). Archived from [https://www.uab.edu/institutionaleffectiveness/images/factbook/sections/15-16_FactsFigures2017_HonoraryDegrees.pdf the original] (PDF) on December 13, 2017. Retrieved December 12, 2017.</ref> |- |New Jersey |May 19, 1999 |Rutgers University |Doctor of Fine Arts (D.F.A.)<ref>Billboard Staff (May 31, 2018). [https://www.billboard.com/photos/musicians-with-honorary-degrees-8457783/ "20 Musicians With Honorary Degrees"]. ''Billboard''. Retrieved November 28, 2022.</ref> |- |Ohio |April 30, 2010 |Oberlin College |Doctor of Music (D.Mus.)<ref>Ricci, Michael (March 10, 2010). [https://www.allaboutjazz.com/news/stevie-wonder-bill-and-camille-cosby-to-help-oberlin-dedicate-and-celebrate-the-grand-opening-of-the-litoff-building-april-30-may-1/ "Stevie Wonder, Bill And Camille Cosby To Help Oberlin Dedicate And Celebrate The Grand Opening Of The Litoff Building April 30 – May 1"]. ''AllAboutJazz''. Retrieved May 7, 2022.</ref> |- |Louisiana |May 12, 2011 |Tulane University |Doctor of Fine Arts (D.F.A.)<ref>Marinello, Nick (May 12, 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20230427191914/https://news.tulane.edu/node/44661/pdf "Idealism and Wonder Reign at Commencement"]. ''News''. Tulane University. Retrieved May 7, 2022.</ref> |- |Connecticut |May 22, 2017 |Yale University |Doctor of Music (D.Mus.)<ref>Megan, Kathleen (May 22, 2017). [http://www.courant.com/education/hc-yale-commencement-20170521-story.html "Yale Honors Stevie Wonder, John Kerry, John Lewis At Commencement"]. ''The Hartford Courant''.</ref> |- |Michigan |May 7, 2022 |Wayne State University |Doctor of Humane Letters (DHL)<ref>[https://commencement.wayne.edu/ceremony-iii "Ceremony III – May 7, 2022 | Stevland Hardaway Morris"]. ''May 2022 Commencement''. Wayne State University. May 7, 2022. Retrieved May 7, 2022.</ref><ref>McCollum, Brian (May 7, 2022). [https://eu.freep.com/story/entertainment/music/brian-mccollum/2022/05/07/stevie-wonder-honorary-doctorate-wayne-state-university/9687331002/ "Stevie Wonder gets honorary doctorate at Wayne State University commencement"]. ''Detroit Free Press''.</ref> |} == Discography == * ''The Jazz Soul of Little Stevie'' (1962) * ''Tribute to Uncle Ray'' (1962) * ''With a Song in My Heart'' (1963) * ''Stevie at the Beach'' (1964) * ''Up-Tight'' (1966) * ''Down to Earth'' (1966) * ''I Was Made to Love Her'' (1967) * ''Someday at Christmas'' (1967) * ''Eivets Rednow'' (1968) * ''For Once in My Life'' (1968) * ''My Cherie Amour'' (1969) * ''Signed, Sealed & Delivered'' (1970) * ''Where I'm Coming From'' (1971) * ''Music of My Mind'' (1972) * ''Talking Book'' (1972) * ''Innervisions'' (1973) * ''Fulfillingness' First Finale'' (1974) * ''Songs in the Key of Life'' (1976) * ''Stevie Wonder's Journey Through "The Secret Life of Plants"'' (1979, soundtrack) * ''Hotter than July'' (1980) * ''The Woman in Red'' (1984, soundtrack) * ''In Square Circle'' (1985) * ''Characters'' (1987) * ''Jungle Fever'' (1991, soundtrack) * ''Conversation Peace'' (1995) * ''A Time to Love'' (2005) == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||f=no|d=Q714|c=Category:Stevie Wonder|wikt=no|q=Stevie Wonder|m=no|mw=no|b=no|voy=no|n=Category:Stevie Wonder|s=no|v=no}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200923043058/http://www.steviewonder.net/ Official website] * [https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mn0000622805 Stevie Wonder] at AllMusic * [https://www.c-span.org/person/?steviewonder Appearances] for C-SPAN top * [https://www.discogs.com/artist/18956 Stevie Wonder] discography at Discogs * [[imdbname:0005567|Stevie Wonder]] at IMDb * [https://musicbrainz.org/artist/1ee18fb3-18a6-4c7f-8ba0-bc41cdd0462e Stevie Wonder] discography at MusicBrainz * [http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/w/stevie_wonder/index.html Stevie Wonder] news dem collected den commentary at ''The New York Times'' * [http://www.namm.org/library/oral-history/stevie-wonder Stevie Wonder] Interview at NAMM Oral History Collection (2016) [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Ghanaians]] [[Category:Ghanaian musicians]] [[Category:20th-century African-American people]] [[Category:Stevie Wonder]] [[Category:1950 births]] [[Category:20th-century African-American male singers]] [[Category:20th-century American male singers]] [[Category:20th-century American singers]] [[Category:20th-century American keyboardists]] [[Category:20th-century American male musicians]] [[Category:20th-century American pianists]] [[Category:20th-century multi-instrumentalists]] [[Category:20th-century organists]] [[Category:21st-century African-American male singers]] [[Category:21st-century American male singers]] [[Category:21st-century American keyboardists]] [[Category:21st-century American male musicians]] [[Category:21st-century American pianists]] [[Category:21st-century multi-instrumentalists]] [[Category:21st-century organists]] [[Category:African-American male singer-songwriters]] [[Category:African-American pianists]] [[Category:African-American record producers]] [[Category:American blind people]] [[Category:American funk keyboardists]] [[Category:American funk singers]] [[Category:American harmonica players]] [[Category:American male organists]] [[Category:American male pianists]] [[Category:American multi-instrumentalists]] [[Category:American rhythm den blues keyboardists]] [[Category:American rhythm den blues singers]] [[Category:American rhythm den blues singer-songwriters]] [[Category:American soul keyboardists]] [[Category:American soul singers]] [[Category:American tenors]] [[Category:Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters]] [[Category:Blind musicians]] [[Category:Blind singers]] [[Category:Commandeurs of de Ordre des Arts et des Lettres]] [[Category:Gershwin Prize recipients]] [[Category:Golden Globe Award-winning musicians]] [[Category:Grammy Award winners]] [[Category:Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners]] [[Category:Motown artists]] [[Category:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients]] [[Category:Progressive soul musicians]] [[Category:Rhythm den blues drummers]] [[Category:Rhythm den blues pianists]] [[Category:United Nations Messengers of Peace]] [[Category:Universal Motown Records artists]] [[Category:Kennedy Center honorees]] [[Category:American musicians plus disabilities]] [[Category:Ghanaian people of African-American descent]] aelj02fa5fplhiam62h08bopa9cxqbs 0 4987 112436 80420 2026-09-24T23:21:40Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112436 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Abedi Ayew''' (/əˈbeɪdi əˈjuː/ ə-BAY-dee ə-YOO; dem born am 5 November 1964), dem know am professionally as '''Abedi Pele''', he be Ghanaian former professional footballer wey cam play as attacking midfielder wey he serve as captain give de Ghana national team. Dem dey regard am as one of de greatest African footballers of all time.<ref name=":3">''[http://www.ghanasoccernet.com/ottmar-hitzfeld-picks-abedi-pele-africas-time-best-player/ Ottmar Hitzfeld picks Abedi Pele as Africa's All-time best player]''</ref><ref name=":4">[http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1781781-the-50-greatest-african-players-of-all-time The 50 Greatest African Players of All Time]</ref> He play give several European clubs wey he found ein fame insyd de French Ligue 1 plus Lille den Marseille, de latter be wer he go win de UEFA Champions League insyd 1993, among oda titles.<ref>[https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/ghana-and-marseille-legend-abedi-pele-breaks-down-during/x06eihowec8r1og9rjn15nqdq "Ghana and Marseille legend Abedi Pele breaks down during nostalgic television broadcast| Goal.com"]. ''www.goal.com''. Retrieved 31 July 2020.</ref> He san be de first to win CAF award insyd 1992. == Early life == Dem born Abedi Ayew into family insyd de town of [[Kibi, Ghana|Kibi]] wey he grow up insyd de town of Dome for de northern outskirts of de city [[Accra]].<ref>Tawiah, Augustina (6 July 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110718164918/http://www.graphicghana.info/article.asp?artid=12482 "Abedi Pelé Stands Tall In African Football History"]. ''Graphic Ghana News''. Graphic Communications Group. Archived from [http://www.graphicghana.info/article.asp?artid=12482 the original] on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 8 April 2007. <q>Abedi Ayew Pelé was born and bred in a small village called Oko near Dome on 5 November 1964</q></ref> He attend Ghana Senior High School insyd [[Tamale, Ghana|Tamale]]. Dem give am de nickname "Pelé" secof ein ability insyd football, wey evoke comparisons to de late Brazilian athlete [[Pelé]].<ref name=":0">[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abedi-Ayew-Pele "Abedi Ayew Pelé | Ghanaian athlete"]. ''Encyclopedia Britannica''. Retrieved 31 July 2020.</ref><ref>Ibrahimah, Seidu (13 March 2015). [https://www.modernghana.com/news/604531/ghanasco-tamale-sends-out-distress-call-to-her.html "Ghanasco, Tamale, Sends Out Distress Call To Her Sons And Daughters"]. Modern Ghana. Retrieved 28 June 2020.</ref> == Club career == He be one of de first African players wey go make impact for European club football. Abedi Pelé ein nomadic career start plus Real Tamale United insyd Ghana for 1978.<ref name=":0" /> He komot Ghana after de 1982 African Cup of Nations go join Al Sadd insyd Qatar for a $1,000 transfer fee.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150814010101/http://www.al-watan.com/viewnews.aspx?n%3DA5EBC9FC%2D754C%2D4AF9%2DBDB0%2D70FC56727DC2%26d%3D20120429 "Interview with Ali Behzad"] (insyd Arabic). al-watan.com. Archived from [http://www.al-watan.com/viewnews.aspx?n=A5EBC9FC-754C-4AF9-BDB0-70FC56727DC2&d=20120429 the original] on 14 August 2015.</ref> After short spell plus FC Zürich, he return to Ghana buh, after both Kotoko den Hearts of Oak fail to sign him, he go join AS Dragons FC de l'Ouémé insyd Benin. He later return cam Ghana den play give Real Tamale United for one season. He begin ein career insyd Europe plus French side Chamois Niort, wey subsequently he join Marseille before transferring to Lille on loan. For club level, he be key figure insyd Marseille ein dominance for de French league, wey result insyd four league championships den two European Cup finals appearances. For Marseille, he be member of de team ein "Magical Trio" along plus Jean-Pierre Papin den Chris Waddle, wey dey spearhead perhaps Europe ein strongest league side of de early 1990s, wey dey include European Cup final defeat insyd 1991. Abedi be de member wey he per remain of de trio still plus de side wen Marseille defeat Milan insyd de 1993 Champions League final insyd Munich. He later join Lyon after ein loan spell for Lille. He san play give Torino of Italy den round out ein European career plus 1860 Munich.<ref>Arnhold, Matthias (27 October 2022). [https://www.rsssf.org/players/abedipeledata.html "Abédi Ayew PELÉ – Matches and Goals in Bundesliga"]. ''RSSSF''. Retrieved 3 November 2022.</ref> Abedi Pele go sign anoda two-year contract plus Al Ain insyd de United Arab Emirates wey dem nominate am as one of de best foreign players to play insyd de UAE league. == International career == Abedi Pele play give Ghana 73 times.<ref>Mamrud, Robert (27 October 2022). [https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/gha-abedi-intlg.html "Abedi "Pelé" Ayew – Goals in International Matches"]. ''RSSSF''. Retrieved 3 November 2022.</ref> Na dem fixture am insyd de African Championships for 1980s den '90s plus ein national team, den member of Ghana ein victorious team insyd de 1982 African Cup of Nations, buh he never get opportunity go play insyd de FIFA World Cup, as de ''Black Stars'' fail say dem go qualify for de competition during ein career. Howeva, people dey argue say he be de most dominant figure for de African football scene top for nearly decade. Ein performance insyd de 1992 African Cup of Nations, for wich dem vote give am as de player for de tournament, plus particularly notable, as he score insyd three successive rounds make he help Ghana reach de final, buh he go collect yellow card insyd de semi-final against [[Nigeria]] wey mean say dem suspend am for de final; Ghana loose for penalties to de [[Ivory Coast]]. De performance earn am de nickname "De African Maradona". Abedi be one of de first African football players wey earn top placing insyd FIFA World Player of de Year voting, doing so insyd 1991 den 1992. He win de ''France Football'' African Player of de Year Award three consecutive years, he be inaugural winner of de BBC African Sports Star of de Year insyd 1992, den de corresponding Confederation of African Football award twice. Abedi hold de record for most appearances for de African Cup of Nations. He make ein first appearance for de insyd [[Libya]] insyd 1982 den continue to compete for de tournament for de next 16 years, ein last appearance dey cam insyd 1998 edition insyd [[Burkina Faso]]. Aside from ein exploits for de 1992 competition, Abedi san earn much acclaim for ein three goals for de 1996 competition, wer he lead Ghana to de semi-finals of de competition despite critics dey expect am make he be insyd de twilight of ein career. == After retirement == [[File:Abédi_Pélé_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Abedi Pele insyd December 2007]] Ayew participate for more FIFA organize charity matches insyd pass any oda African player. Abedi Pele be member of FIFA ein Football Committee, den de player status committees top for both FIFA den CAF. Dat dey explain why de South African FA make am Spokesperson for dema 2006 World Cup bid. As dem dey appreciate Abedi ein devout services for ein country, de Ghanaian government award am as de country ein highest honour, de Order of the Volta (civil division). He cam make de first Ghanaian sportsman wey dem honour am. === CAF-UEFA All Star === Amongst ein international accolades, he often dey include FIFA "All-Star" selections den captain de African All-Stars insyd dema victory over dema European counterparts insyd de 1997 Meridian Cup. On 29 January 1997, de first UEFA–CAF Meridian Cup All-Star Match between Europe den [[Africa]] dem play am insyd Benfica ein Estádio da Luz insyd Lisbon wey dem televise am insyd 100 countries worldwide, wey dey include 30 insyd Africa, for audience of 60 million viewers. Abedi Pele score goal early insyd de first half den, after Vincent Guérin get ein equalizer give Europe just before half-time, e be de 1998 African Player of de Year, Mustapha Hadji, wey strike Africa ein 78th-minute winner insyd de 2–1 win.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20040312062829/http://www.uefa.com/competitions/MeridianCup/News/Kind%3D1/newsId%3D1880.html "All-Stars clash kick off in Bari"]. ''Meridian Cup''. UEFA. 1 February 2001. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20090328020826/http://www.uefa.com/competitions/meridiancup/news/kind=1/newsid=1880.html the original] on 12 March 2004. Retrieved 6 April 2007.</ref> Insyd 2001, de UEFA–CAF Meridian Cup All-Star Match format wey dem change am slightly for de second All-Star Match wey ego bring togeda players aged between 35 den 45 wey now revel am insyd dema 'veteran' status den play de game purely for pleasure. De squad spark off memories of great footballing moments for club den international level.<ref name=":1" /> === Football Ambassador === Insyd June 2001 dem nominate am by de present government of Ghana make he serve as de next Chairmo give de FA, opportunity he later give up for more experience former coach of Ghana for wich for ein own words insyd he talk say dis be opportunity for am make he learn from ein superiors. As we dey talk now, he dey own first division club, wey dem dey bell am Nania, plus de future hopes say he go nurture de young talent make dem augment de fledgling league for de country. He san dey do plenty charity work across de African continent. === Controversy === Na dem embroil Abedi Pele for serious allegation insyd Second Division Promotion Play-off bribery scandal<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180901113213/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/artikel.php?ID=121695 "Scandalous Middle League Results"]. ''Ghana Football''. Ghanaweb. 3 April 2007. Retrieved 7 March 2007.</ref> for wich de Ghana Football Association find am den odas guilty. De guilty verdict cam dey attract fines den suspensions give Abedi den odas, buh dese dem quash am by de Appeals Committee for Football Association after dem determine say na irregularities dey insyd de initial judgement for de Ghana Football Association.<ref>[http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/artikel.php?ID=124607 "Suspensions Annulled"]. ''Ghana Football''. Ghanaweb. 25 May 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070527073718/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/artikel.php?ID=124607 Archived] from the original on 27 May 2007. Retrieved 6 June 2007.</ref> De allegations dey stem from astonishing 31–0 victory record by ein club,<ref>[http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/artikel.php?ID=121608 "Third round results of the National Middle League"]. GhanaWeb. 28 March 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2012.</ref> Nania FC ova Okwawu United side. Similarly farcical 28–0 result<ref>[http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/artikel.php?ID=121607 "Mariners trounce Tudu Mighty Jets 28-0"]. GhanaWeb. 28 March 2007. Retrieved 2 December 2012.</ref> dem record am insyd anoda second division match dem play between Great Mariners den Tudu Mighty Jets for de same weekend. De clubs wey involve insyd dat Second Division Promotion Play-off Zone III match wey dem san investigate den subject to de prospect of stiff penalties den demotions. Despite ein vehement denials,<ref>[http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/artikel.php?ID=121723 "Abedi defends 31–0 scoreline"]. ''Ghana Football''. Ghanaweb. 3 April 2007. Retrieved 7 March 2007.</ref> Dem chastise Abedi by sam members for de Ghanaian media, wey dey demand say make dem take strong punitive actions against am, by Ghana ein football governing body as well as de legal system.<ref>[http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/artikel.php?ID=121841 "Maestro Of Disgrace"]. ''Ghana Football''. Ghanaweb. 3 April 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070408075355/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/artikel.php?ID=121841 Archived] from the original on 8 April 2007. Retrieved 6 April 2007.</ref> Dem ban ein wifey Maha Ayew from football against dis Manipulations Scandal for 3 November 2008.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121008120500/http://www.ghanadistricts.com/news/?read=20270&PHPSESSID=cfd1dcf51017b2f26c8316472ff0431a "(SPORTS- SOCCER) LOCAL: Ayew's wife banned from football"]. ghanadistricts.com. 3 November 2008. Archived from [http://www.ghanadistricts.com/news/?read=20270&PHPSESSID=cfd1dcf51017b2f26c8316472ff0431a the original] on 8 October 2012. Retrieved 2 December 2012.</ref> == Style of play == As he be playmaker, dem know Pele for ein speed, close control, den dribbling skills, as well as ein passing den goalscoring ability. He usually dey play as attacking midfielder anaa as forward. Dem san give am nicknames de "Maestro" den "De African Maradona."<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref>Dove, Ed (9 May 2020). [https://www.goal.com/en/lists/african-legends-cup-of-nations-kanu-vs-abedi-pele/1tero09ce3q3z1crz4ub04q02g "African Legends Cup of Nations: Kanu vs Abedi Pele"]. Goal.com. Retrieved 6 June 2020.</ref><ref>Adjei, Michael Oti (16 March 2017). [https://africa.espn.com/football/story/_/id/18920341/ghana-greatest-footballers "Profiling Ghana's greatest footballers of all time"]. ESPN FC. Retrieved 6 June 2020.</ref><ref>Teye, Prince Narkortu (1 June 2020). [https://www.goal.com/en/news/ghana-legend-abedi-pele-international-sabbatical-cost-me-african-/1al8atwupidcr1mi6yxv0ab0hc "Ghana legend Abedi Pele: International sabbatical cost me African Footballer of the Year awards"]. Goal.com. Retrieved 6 June 2020.</ref> == Ein life matter == Abedi be de bro of Kwame den Sola Ayew (ex-Hearts of Oak den Black Meteors). He san be de poppie of André, Jordan, Rahim, Imani, den he marry Maha. Ein sons, Ibrahim, André den Jordan, cam turn internationals give Ghana. André den Rahim – rep Ghana insyd de 2010 FIFA World Cup insyd [[South Africa]] wey Jordan den André rep Ghana insyd de 2014 FIFA World Cup insyd Brazil den de 2022 FIFA World Cup insyd Qatar.<ref>Akwasi, Kofi (6 November 2019). [https://yen.com.gh/136699-abedi-pele-age-height-children-wife-awards-net-worth.html "The rise of Abedi Pele"]. ''Yen.com.gh – Ghana news''. Retrieved 26 May 2020.</ref> == Career statistics == === Club === :   {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances den goals by club, season den competition ! rowspan="2" width="125" |Club ! rowspan="2" |Season |- !Division ! width="40" |Apps ! width="40" |Goals |- | rowspan="4" |Real Tamale United |1980 |Ghana Premier League |11 |0 |- |1981 |Ghana Premier League |12 |7 |- |1982 |Ghana Premier League |23 |14 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !46 !21 |- |Al Sadd |1982–83 |Qatar Stars League |8 |7 |- |FC Zürich |1983–84 |Nationalliga A |18 |9 |- |Dragons l'Ouémé |1984 |Benin Premier League |8 |11 |- |Real Tamale United |1985 |Ghana Premier League |19 |7 |- |Niort |1986–87 |Division 2 |32 |14 |- |Mulhouse |1987–88 |Division 2 |16 |5 |- | rowspan="6" |Marseille |1987–88 |French Division 1 |5 |0 |- |1988–89 |French Division 1 |4 |0 |- |1990–91 |French Division 1 |32 |5 |- |1991–92 |French Division 1 |36 |12 |- |1992–93 |French Division 1 |35 |6 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !112 !23 |- | rowspan="3" |Lille (loan) |1988–89 |French Division 1 |24 |7 |- |1989–90 |French Division 1 |37 |9 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !61 !16 |- |Lyon |1993–94 |French Division 1 |29 |3 |- | rowspan="3" |Torino |1994–95 |Serie A |32 |10 |- |1995–96 |Serie A |17 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !49 !11 |- | rowspan="3" |1860 Munich |1996–97 |Bundesliga |25 |1 |- |1997–98 |Bundesliga |25 |1 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !50 !2 |- | rowspan="3" |Al Ain |1998–99 |UAE Football League |20 |17 |- |1999–2000 |UAE Football League |11 |11 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !31 !28 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !479 !157 |} === International === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances den goals by national team den year !National team !Year !Apps !Goals |- | rowspan="19" |Ghana |- |1981 |1 |0 |- |1982 |17 |2 |- |1983 |5 |1 |- |1984 |0 |0 |- |1985 |6 |1 |- |1986 |5 |2 |- |1987 |2 |0 |- |1988 |1 |0 |- |1989 | |0 |- |1990 |2 |0 |- |1991 |0 |0 |- |1992 |6 |3 |- |1993 |4 |2 |- |1994 |4 |0 |- |1995 |3 |3 |- |1996 |6 |4 |- |1997 |7 |1 |- |1998 |3 |0 |- ! colspan="2" |Total !73 !19 |} : ''Scores den results dey list Ghana ein goal tally first, score column dey indicate score after each Pele goal.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" |+List of international goals Abedi Pele score ! scope="col" |No. ! scope="col" |Date ! scope="col" |Venue ! scope="col" |Opponent ! scope="col" |Score ! scope="col" |Result ! scope="col" |Competition ! class="unsortable" scope="col" |Ref. |- | style="text-align:center" |1 |17 February 1982 |[[Cotonou]], Benin | [[Niger]] | style="text-align:center" |— | style="text-align:center" |2-2 |1982 West African Nations Cup |<ref name=":2">[https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/gha-abedi-intlg.html "=Abedi "Pelé" Ayew - Goals in International Matches"]. Retrieved 14 April 2024.</ref> |- | style="text-align:center" |2 |7 July 1982 |Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Singapore | style="text-align:center" |— | style="text-align:center" |3-0 |1982 Merdeka Tournament |<ref name=":2" /> |- | style="text-align:center" |3 |28 April 1983 |[[Accra]], Ghana | Libya | style="text-align:center" |1-0 | style="text-align:center" |1-0 |Friendly |<ref name=":2" /> |- | style="text-align:center" |4 |14 April 1985 |Stade du 28 Septembre, Conakry, [[Guinea]] | Guinea | style="text-align:center" |— | style="text-align:center" |4-1 |1986 African Cup of Nations qualification |<ref>[https://www.national-football-teams.com/matches/report/36711/Guinea_Ghana.html "Guinea vs. Ghana"]. Retrieved 16 April 2024.</ref> |- | style="text-align:center" |5 |26 February 1986 |Accra, Ghana | Liberia | style="text-align:center" |— | style="text-align:center" |3-0 |1986 West African Nations Cup |<ref name=":2" /> |- | style="text-align:center" |6 |2 March 1986 |Accra, Ghana | [[Togo]] | style="text-align:center" |1-0 | style="text-align:center" |1-0 |1986 West African Nations Cup | |- | style="text-align:center" |7 |15 January 1992 |Stade Aline Sitoe Diatta, Ziguinchor, [[Senegal]] | [[Zambia]] | style="text-align:center" |1-0 | style="text-align:center" |1-0 |1992 African Cup of Nations | |- | style="text-align:center" |8 |20 January 1992 |Stade de l'Amitie, Dakar, Senegal | [[Republic of the Congo|Congo]] | style="text-align:center" |2-1 | style="text-align:center" |2-1 |1992 African Cup of Nations | |- | style="text-align:center" |9 |23 January 1992 |Stade de l'Amitie, Dakar, Senegal | Nigeria | style="text-align:center" |'''1'''-1 | style="text-align:center" |2-1 |1992 African Cup of Nations | |- | style="text-align:center" |10 |31 January 1993 |Baba Yara Stadium, [[Kumasi]], Ghana | [[Burundi]] | style="text-align:center" |1-0 | style="text-align:center" |1-0 |1994 FIFA World Cup qualification | |- | style="text-align:center" |11 |25 July 1993 |Samuel Kanyon Doe Sports Complex, Monrovia, [[Liberia]] | Liberia | style="text-align:center" |— | style="text-align:center" |2-0 |1994 African Cup of Nations qualification | |- | style="text-align:center" |12 | rowspan="2" |25 February 1995 | rowspan="2" |Ullevaal Stadion, Oslo, Norway | rowspan="2" | Norway | style="text-align:center" |1-1 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center" |2-3 | rowspan="2" |Friendly | rowspan="2" | |- | style="text-align:center" |13 | style="text-align:center" |2-3 |- | style="text-align:center" |14 |12 November 1995 |Accra Sports Stadium, Accra, Ghana | [[Sierra Leone]] | style="text-align:center" |2-0 | style="text-align:center" |2-0 |Friendly | |- | style="text-align:center" |15 |5 January 1996 |Prince Abdullah Al-Faisal Sports City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | Saudi Arabia | style="text-align:center" |1-0 | style="text-align:center" |1-1 |Friendly | |- | style="text-align:center" |16 |14 January 1996 |EPRU Stadium, Port Elizabeth, South Africa | Ivory Coast | style="text-align:center" |2-0 | style="text-align:center" |2-0 |1996 African Cup of Nations | |- | style="text-align:center" |17 |19 January 1996 |EPRU Stadium, Port Elizabeth, South Africa | [[Tunisia]] | style="text-align:center" |1-0 | style="text-align:center" |2-1 |1996 African Cup of Nations | |- | style="text-align:center" |18 |10 November 1996 |Stade Omar Bongo, Libreville, Gabon | [[Gabon]] | style="text-align:center" |1-1 | style="text-align:center" |1-1 |1998 FIFA World Cup qualification | |- | style="text-align:center" |19 |13 July 1997 |Accra Sports Stadium, Accra, Ghana | [[Zimbabwe]] | style="text-align:center" |1-0 | style="text-align:center" |2-1 |1998 FIFA World Cup qualification | |} == Honours == === Player === '''Marseille''' * French Division 1: 1990–91, 1991–92 * UEFA Champions League: 1992–93; runner-up: 1990–91 '''Al Ain''' * Pro-League: 1999–2000 * UAE President's Cup: 1999 * African Cup of Nations: 1982; runners-up: 1992 * West African Nations Cup: 1982, 1983, 1984 '''Individual''' * BBC African Footballer of the Year: 1991 * African Footballer of the Year: 1991, 1992, 1993 * Africa Cup of Nations Golden Ball: 1992 * Africa Cup of Nations Team of the Tournament: 1992, 1994, 1996 * Ghana Footballer of the Year: 1993 * MasterCard African Team of the 20th Century: 1998 * IFFHS African Player of the Century (1901–2000): 3rd Best * IFFHS All-time Africa Men's Dream Team: 2021 * FIFA World Player of the Year: 9th 1992, Nomination 1991 * FIFA All-Star Forward: 1996 (Reserve), 1997 (Reserve), 1999 * FIFA 100 * Golden Foot Legends Award: 2011 * Ghana Football Awards Living Legend Award: 2022 * Ghana SWAG Best Colts (Young) Player: 1978 * On 26 March 2004, he was appointed a "(WAFUNIF) Special Envoy 4 Peace and Development" * CAF Top 30 African Footballers in the last 50 years: 5th place '''Orders''' * [[File:Order_of_the_Volta_(Ghana)_-_ribbon_bar.png|left|50x50px]] OOTV Civil Division: Order of the Volta: (1996) === Manager === '''Nania''' * Ghanaian FA Cup: 2011 * Ghana Super Cup: 2011 == References == [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Ghanaian men's footballers]] <references /> == External links == {{sister project links|d=Q336916|c=Category:Abedi Pele|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110721032749/http://observer.gm/africa/gambia/article/2008/6/18/sports-profile "Biography"]. Archived from [http://observer.gm/africa/gambia/article/2008/6/18/sports-profile the original] on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 10 November 2008. [[Category:1964 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Ghanaian footballers]] [[Category:People wey komot Eastern Region (Ghana)]] [[Category:Ghanaian Muslims]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Accra]] [[Category:Men's association football midfielders]] [[Category:Real Tamale United players]] [[Category:Al Sadd SC players]] [[Category:FC Zürich players]] [[Category:AS Dragons FC de l'Ouémé players]] [[Category:Chamois Niortais F.C. players]] [[Category:FC Mulhouse players]] [[Category:Olympique de Marseille players]] [[Category:Lille OSC players]] [[Category:Olympique Lyonnais players]] [[Category:Torino FC players]] [[Category:TSV 1860 Munich players]] [[Category:Al Ain FC players]] [[Category:Ghana Premier League players]] [[Category:Qatar Stars League players]] [[Category:Swiss Super League players]] [[Category:Benin Premier League players]] [[Category:Ligue 2 players]] [[Category:Ligue 1 players]] [[Category:Serie A players]] [[Category:Bundesliga players]] [[Category:UAE Pro League players]] [[Category:UEFA Champions League winning players]] [[Category:African Footballer of de Year winners]] [[Category:Ghana men's international footballers]] [[Category:1982 African Cup of Nations players]] [[Category:1992 African Cup of Nations players]] [[Category:1996 African Cup of Nations players]] [[Category:1998 African Cup of Nations players]] [[Category:Africa Cup of Nations-winning players]] [[Category:FIFA 100]] [[Category:Ghanaian expatriate men's footballers]] [[Category:Ghanaian expatriate sportspeople insyd Qatar]] [[Category:Ghanaian expatriate sportspeople insyd Switzerland]] [[Category:Ghanaian expatriate sportspeople insyd Benin]] [[Category:Ghanaian expatriate sportspeople insyd France]] [[Category:Ghanaian expatriate sportspeople insyd Italy]] [[Category:Ghanaian expatriate sportspeople insyd Germany]] [[Category:Ghanaian expatriate sportspeople insyd de United Arab Emirates]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers insyd Qatar]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers insyd Switzerland]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers insyd Italy]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers insyd Benin]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers insyd France]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers insyd Germany]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers insyd de United Arab Emirates]] [[Category:Recipients of de Order of the Volta]] [[Category:Ayew family]] [[Category:Real Tamale United non-playing staff]] [[Category:Ghana Senior High School (Tamale) alumni]] d4m2ojsef9g0qwpwzd0ms4y05jinnfl 0 5129 112505 96441 2026-09-25T01:32:03Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112505 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Paa Kwesi Bekoe Amissah-Arthur''' (dem born am as '''William Edmund Davidson Amissah-Arthur''')<ref>MyJoyOnline TV (27 July 2018), ''[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hdq1Aq1KKUY Amissah-Arthur's Funeral - AM Show on JoyNews (27-7-18)]'', [https://web.archive.org/web/20180804192511/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hdq1Aq1KKUY archived] from the original on 4 August 2018, retrieved 4 August 2018</ref> (29 April 1951 – 29 June 2018) be [[Ghanaian]] economist, academic den politician wey be de fifth [[Vice-President of Ghana]] insyd 4th Republic, for office from 6 August 2012 until 7 January 2017, under [[President of Ghana|President]] [[John Mahama|John Dramani Mahama]]. Previously, na he be Governor for de [[Bank of Ghana]] from 2009 to 2012. [[President of Ghana|President]] [[John Mahama|John Dramani Mahama]] nominate am to be de vice-president a week after dem swear Mahama am in.<ref>[http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/ "Amissah Arthur is Vice President"]. ''GhanaWeb''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120731020955/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/ Archived] from the original on 31 July 2012. Retrieved 31 July 2012.</ref> Dis be when sudden death of [[John Atta Mills]] on 24 July 2012.<ref>[http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=245667 "President Mills Dies at 68"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 24 July 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120728012027/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=245667 Archived] from the original on 28 July 2012. Retrieved 31 July 2012.</ref> He cam turn vice-president on 6 August 2012, as he dey follow vetting by de Parliament of Ghana.<ref name=":2">Gadugah, Nathan. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120808035028/http://politics.myjoyonline.com/pages/news/201208/91731.php "Amissah-Arthur is now Vice President"]. ''Politics''. MyJoyOnline. Archived from [http://politics.myjoyonline.com/pages/news/201208/91731.php the original] on 8 August 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.</ref> == Early life den education == Dem born Amissah-Arthur for [[Cape Coast]] on 29 April 1951,<ref>[http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/person.php?ID=1177 "Paa Kwesi Amissah-Arthur, Vice President"]. ''GhanaWeb''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170801153747/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/people/person.php?ID=1177 Archived] from the original on 1 August 2017.</ref> wey be de capital of de [[Central Region (Ghana)|Central Region]] of Ghana, at de time organized as British [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast Colony]].<ref>[https://ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Profile-of-late-former-Vice-President-Amissah-Arthur-664528 "Profile of late former Vice President Amissah-Arthur"]. ''GhanaWeb''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180629155113/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Profile-of-late-former-Vice-President-Amissah-Arthur-664528 Archived] from the original on 29 June 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2018.</ref> Ein mummie, Effie Amissah-Arthur dey cam from de Hutchful family wey ein poppie, Jabesh Richmond P. Amissah-Arthur, be educator wey dey come from de Amissah-Arthur family wey he serve as dema second den longest serving headie for Oda Secondary School for [[Akim Oda|Akyem-Oda]] insyd [[Eastern Region (Ghana)|Eastern Region]] from September 1961 to December, 1977.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180629123151/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Amissah-Arthur-s-mother-yet-to-hear-of-son-s-death-Family-member-664467 "Amissah-Arthur's mother yet to hear of son's death - Family member"]. ''GhanaWeb''. Archived from [https://ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Amissah-Arthur-s-mother-yet-to-hear-of-son-s-death-Family-member-664467 the original] on 29 June 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2018.</ref><ref>[https://ghanaguardian.com/profile-of-deceased-former-ghana-vice-president-paa-kwesi-amissah-arthur "Profile of deceased former Ghana Vice President Paa Kwesi Amissah-Arthur"]. ''The Ghana Guardian News''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180803234212/https://ghanaguardian.com/profile-of-deceased-former-ghana-vice-president-paa-kwesi-amissah-arthur Archived] from the original on 3 August 2018. Retrieved 3 August 2018.</ref><ref name=":0">Online, Peace FM. [http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201405/201114.php "Vice President Amissah-Arthur Loses Father"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180804192511/http://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/politics/politics/201405/201114.php Archived] from the original on 4 August 2018. Retrieved 4 August 2018.</ref><ref>Andam, Emmanuel. [http://www.gbcghana.com/1.1768577 "Father Of Vice-President Amissah-Arthur Laid To Rest"]. ''Gbc News Ghana''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140729122029/http://www.gbcghana.com/1.1768577 Archived] from the original on 29 July 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2018.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180805052144/https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2014/March-10th/veep-unveils-bust-in-honour-of-his-father.php "Veep unveils bust in honour of his father - MyJoyOnline.com"]. ''MyJoyOnline''. Retrieved 4 August 2018.</ref><ref>Nananom, Maxwell Okamafo Asamani Addo, Old student Odasco. [https://www.modernghana.com/news/551789/tribute-to-mr-j-r-p-amissah-arthur-ghana-has-lost-an-educa.html "Tribute To Mr. J R P Amissah-Arthur: Ghana Has Lost An Educational Compass"]. ''Modern Ghana''. Retrieved 21 August 2018.</ref> Both ein families dey komot from Cape Coast wey dem be [[Fante people|Fante]] ethnic origin. Kwesi Amissah-Arthur get five siblings - one bro den four sistos.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Amissah-Arthur-s-funeral-poster-pops-up-670955 "Amissah-Arthur's funeral poster pops up"]. ''GhanaWeb''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180722181110/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Amissah-Arthur-s-funeral-poster-pops-up-670955 Archived] from the original on 22 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.</ref> He attend de Aboom Methodist 'B' Primary School insyd Cape Coast wey he pass ein Common Entrance examination from de Akim Oda Methodist School insyd 1964.<ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Profile-of-late-former-Vice-President-Amissah-Arthur-664528 "Profile of late former Vice President Amissah-Arthur"]. ''Ghanaweb''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180731123310/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Profile-of-late-former-Vice-President-Amissah-Arthur-664528 Archived] from the original on 31 July 2018. Retrieved 17 September 2018.</ref> He plete ein secondary education for Mfantsipim School, wey he obtain ein GCE Ordinary Level insyd 1969 den de GCE Advanced Level insyd 1971. Insyd Mfantsipim, na ebe resident of Lockhart-Schweitzer House'''.''' He proceed go [[University of Ghana]] for Legon, wey he obtain de B.Sc. insyd 1974 den M.Sc. insyd 1976, both insyd Economics.<ref name=":1">[http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/component/content/article/96-top-headlines/14956-president-mahama-nominates-governor-of-bank-of-ghana-as-vice-president- "President Mahama Nominates Governor Of Bank Of Ghana As Vice President"]. Government of Ghana. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220715/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/component/content/article/96-top-headlines/14956-president-mahama-nominates-governor-of-bank-of-ghana-as-vice-president- Archived] from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2012.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110921050523/http://www.ug.edu.gh/index1.php?linkid=212&archiveid=812&page=1&adate=14%2F07%2F2011 "Alumnus Amissah-Arthur Cuts Sod For The Construction Of Economics Building"]. ''Official website''. University of Ghana. Archived from [http://www.ug.edu.gh/index1.php?linkid=212&archiveid=812&page=1&adate=14%2F07%2F2011 the original] on 21 September 2011. Retrieved 1 August 2012.</ref> == Economics den consultancy == Na Amissah-Arthur be research assistant for de Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research between 1974 den 1975. He later join de Economics Department as a teaching assistant from 1977 to 1978, going on wey he cam turn assistant lecturer insyd 1979. He lecture for de Department of Economics for de University of Ghana between 1980 den 1988. He san cam turn lecturer for de Department of Economics, Anambra State College of Education, Awka, Anambra State, insyd [[Nigeria]] (August 1981 – July 1983).<ref name=":4">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120807201055/http://politics.myjoyonline.com/pages/news/201208/91699.php "The man Amissah-Arthur... he has risen through the ranks"]. ''Politics''. MyJoyOnline. Archived from [http://politics.myjoyonline.com/pages/news/201208/91699.php the original] on 7 August 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2012.</ref> He go into politics til 1997 wen he resign from de public sector den go into finance den economic consultancy. He work as a consultant for de World Bank insyd [[The Gambia]]. He san serve as a consultant for de Netherlands' government education project insyd Ghana. He den work as Senior Economist for de Sigma One Corporation insyd Ghana between 1998 den 2000. Between 2001 den 2002, he dey on assignment for de Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark.<ref name=":1" /> == Politics == === Finance den Economic Planning Portfolio === From 1983 to 1986, Amissah-Arthur serve as a special assistant give de Secretary of Finance den Economic Planning, Kwesi Botchwey, insyd de [[Provisional National Defence Council|Provisional National Defense Council]] government. Subsequently, he come make Deputy Secretary for Finance insyd de PNDC government from February 1986 to March 1993. From April 1993, he continue as de Deputy Minister for Finance insyd de [[Rawlings government]] after de establishment of constitutional rule until March 1997. He san serve on de board of for erstwhile state-owned Bank for Housing den Construction (BHC).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4" /> === Governor for de Bank of Ghana === Dem appoint Amissah-Arthur as de Governor of de Bank of Ghana insyd October 2009 by President [[John Atta Mills]]. He hold dis position until 6 August 2012, when he cam vice-president of Ghana following de death of Atta Mills.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121114182125/http://bog.gov.gh/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=129%3Agovernors-and-deputy-governors-of-the-bank-since-its-inception&catid=64&Itemid=137 "Governors and Deputy Governors of the Bank Since its Inception"]. Bank of Ghana. Archived from [http://www.bog.gov.gh/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=129%3Agovernors-and-deputy-governors-of-the-bank-since-its-inception&catid=64&Itemid=137 the original] on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 31 July 2012.</ref><ref>[https://www.centralbanking.com/node/2197278 "Governor of Bank of Ghana becomes vice-president"]. ''Central Banking''. 7 August 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref> He come make responsible say he go ensure say de general development of de national economy, promote by monetary measure de stabilisation of de value of de currency within den outside Ghana den san formulate den implement monetary policy wey dey aim say dem go achieve de objective of de Bank den Ghana insyd a whole, among odas. [[File:The_President,_Shri_Pranab_Mukherjee_being_received_by_the_Vice_President_of_the_Republic_of_Ghana,_Mr._Kwesi_Bekoe_Amissah-Arthur_on_his_arrival,_at_Kotoka_International_Airport,_in_Accra,_Ghana_on_June_12,_2016.jpg|thumb|Indian Presido, Shri Pranab Mukherjee being receive by Amissah-Arthur on ein arrival, at Kotoka International Airport, insyd Accra, Ghana on June 12, 2016]] === Vice Pee of Ghana === After de Death of de Presido John Atta Mills, ein successor de den Vice President John Dramani Mahama wey dem swear in as presido, dem name am as ein vice president for fill in de gap wey dem evacuate. Dem swear am in as vice president on 6 August 2012 insyd Parliament by de den Chief Justice Georgina Wood, after going through a vetting process by de Parliament of Ghana.<ref name=":2" /><ref>[https://www.theafricareport.com/6861/ghana-gets-a-new-vice-president/ "Ghana gets a new Vice President"]. ''The Africa Report.com''. 7 August 2012. Retrieved 13 December 2020.</ref> Dem maintain am by John Dramani Mahama as ein bid go win de 2012 elections as ein running mate.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210414080825/https://www.voanews.com/africa/ghanas-new-president-announces-running-mate "Ghana's New President Announces Running Mate | Voice of America - English"]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref><ref>[https://www.myjoyonline.com/opinion/why-mahama-will-retain-amissah-arthur-as-running-mate/ "Why Mahama will retain Amissah-Arthur as running mate – MyJoyOnline.com"]. ''Myjoyonline''. 6 September 2015. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref> John Dramani Mahama win de 2012 Elections by a 50.7% majority for votes. automatically making am de Vice President-Elect of Ghana.<ref>[https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2012/12/11/mahama-declared-winner-of-ghana-election "Mahama declared winner of Ghana election"]. ''Aljazeera''. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-20661599 "Ghana election: John Mahama declared winner"]. ''BBC News''. 10 December 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref> Dem swear am in as president den Vice President on 7 January 2013.<ref>Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. [https://www.dw.com/en/ghana-ushers-in-john-mahama-as-new-leader/a-16504090 "Ghana ushers in John Mahama as new leader | DW | 07.01.2013"]. ''DW.COM''. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211027171018/https://www.voanews.com/africa/ghana-president-sworn-despite-election-challenge "Ghana President Sworn In Despite Election Challenge | Voice of America - English"]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref> == Ein life matter == Amissah-Arthur marry Matilda Amissah-Arthur wey dem get two kiddies, Kwesi, an ophthalmologist-academic den Araba, a lawyer.<ref name=":3" /> He be Christian wey dem know am say he dey worship for de Calvary Methodist Church for [[Adabraka]] insyd Accra.<ref>[http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=246933 "Amissah-Arthur's security detail changed"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 6 August 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120808161023/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=246933 Archived] from the original on 8 August 2012. Retrieved 6 August 2012.</ref> Na he enjoy football den playing of Tennis.<ref>[https://www.weforum.org/people/kwesi-amissah-arthur/ "Kwesi Amissah-Arthur"]. ''World Economic Forum''. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref> Due to ein love for sports especially football, he bi supporter den a major shareholder insyd de football club, de [[Accra Hearts of Oak S.C.]]<ref>[https://ghanasoccernet.com/hearts-of-oak-major-shareholder-amissah-arthur-passes-on "Hearts of Oak major shareholder Amissah Arthur passes on"]. ''GhanaSoccernet''. Retrieved 15 September 2018.</ref><ref>[https://ghanaguardian.com/hearts-of-oak-commiserate-with-family-of-late-amissah-arthur "Hearts of Oak commiserate with family of late Amissah Arthur"].</ref> == Death den state funeral == Amissah-Arthur die on 29 June 2018 for de [[37 Military Hospital]] after dem reported say he collapse for de Air Force Gym during ein routine morning workout session.<ref>Mordy, Jerry Tsatro. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180629171637/https://www.myjoyonline.com/politics/2018/June-29th/former-veep-amissah-arthur-has-died.php "Former Vice President Paa Kwesi Amissah Arthur dies"].</ref> A state funeral, attend by several dignitaries, wey hold am for him on 27 July 2018 for de Accra International Conference Centre after which ein body, dem accompany am by a military cortège, wey convey am to de new Military Cemetery for Burma Camp for interment amid de sounding of de Last Post by army buglers den a 19-gun salute.<ref name=":5">Yire, Iddi (27 July 2018). [http://www.ghananewsagency.org/politics/dignitaries-attend-late-amissah-arthur-s-funeral-136253 "Dignitaries attend late Amissah-Arthur's funeral"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180728121846/http://www.ghananewsagency.org/politics/dignitaries-attend-late-amissah-arthur-s-funeral-136253 Archived] from the original on 28 July 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2018/july-27th/amissah-arthurs-funeral-photos-of-all-the-dignitaries-present.php "Amissah-Arthur's funeral: Photos of all the dignitaries present"]. ''Myjoyonline''. 27 July 2018.</ref><ref>Abedu-Kennedy, Dorcas (27 July 2018). [http://www.adomonline.com/ghana-news/video-amissah-arthurs-final-resting-place/ "VIDEO: Amissah Arthur's final resting place - AdomOnline.com"]. ''AdomOnline''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180728122907/http://www.adomonline.com/ghana-news/video-amissah-arthurs-final-resting-place/ Archived] from the original on 28 July 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2018.</ref> == Legacy den memorial == De Ghanaian government rename de Moree Senior High School as Amissah-Arthur Senior High School, Moree to honour ein memory.<ref name=":5" /> A learning centre, wey dey consist of a library den ICT complex, wey edey Ohawu insyd de Volta Region wey dem name am for ein honour.<ref>Reporter, Joshua Kobby Smith News. [https://www.modernghana.com/news/940471/late-amissah-arthur-honoured-with-new-library-and-computer-c.html "Late Amissah-Arthur Honoured With New Library And Computer Complex"]. ''Modern Ghana''. Retrieved 25 June 2019.</ref> On de occasion for de first anniversary after ein death, ein family sponsor de establishment of a doctoral fellowship den research chair for de Department of Economics for de University of Ghana.<ref>[http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Amissah-Arthur-family-announces-1m-initiative-to-retain-lecturers-759353 "Amissah-Arthur family announces $1m initiative to retain lecturers"]. ''Ghanaweb''. Retrieved 30 June 2019.</ref><ref>[http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Amissah-Arthur-s-family-institutes-fully-funded-PhD-Award-at-UG-759214 "Amissah-Arthur's family institutes fully-funded PhD Award at UG"]. ''GhanaWeb''. Retrieved 30 June 2019.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190905102819/https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/2019/june-30th/amissah-arthur-family-announces-1m-initiative-to-retain-lecturers.php "Amissah-Arthur family announces $1m initiative to retain lecturers"]. ''MyJoyOnline''. Retrieved 30 June 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.gbcghanaonline.com/general/amissah-arthur-learning-center-commissioned-at-ohawu/2019/ "Amissah Arthur learning center commissioned at Ohawu"]. ''GBC Ghana Online''. 25 June 2019. Retrieved 30 November 2020.</ref> == San see == * [[List of Mahama government ministers]] * [[National Democratic Congress (Ghana)|National Democratic Congress]] == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Ghanaians]] [[Category:1951 births]] [[Category:2018 deaths]] [[Category:Fante people]] [[Category:Ghanaian economists]] [[Category:Ghanaian Methodists]] [[Category:Ghanaian Protestants]] [[Category:National Democratic Congress (Ghana) politicians]] [[Category:Mfantsipim School alumni]] [[Category:University of Ghana alumni]] [[Category:Academic staff of de University of Ghana]] [[Category:Vice-presidents of Ghana]] [[Category:Governors of Bank of Ghana]] [[Category:People wey komot Cape Coast]] [[Category:Politicians wey komot Central Region (Ghana)]] dhrb86v650q68st94x6ykk6tu3loqsu 0 6090 112501 40198 2026-09-25T01:17:52Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112501 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Joe Tetteh''' (10 December 1941 – 20 April 2002) dem born am for [[Accra]] Na he be [[Ghanaian]] professional super feather/light/light welterweight boxer of de 1950s, '60s den '70s wey win de Ghanaian featherweight title, den inaugural British Commonwealth light welterweight title, wey na he be challenger for de [[West Africa|West African]] featherweight title against Lat Shonibare, British Commonwealth featherweight title against Floyd Robertson, den All African lightweight title Ould Makloufi[https://web.archive.org/web/20150427171619/http://boxrec.com/list_bouts.php?human_id=23638&cat=boxer], na professional fighting weight de varied 127¹⁄4 lb (57.7 kg; 9 st 1.3 lb), i.e. super featherweight to 139¹⁄₂ lb (63.3 kg;9 st 13.5 lb), i.e. light welterweight.<ref name="Statistics at boxrec.com">[https://web.archive.org/web/20150610205701/http://boxrec.com/list_bouts.php?human_id=15937&cat=boxer "Statistics at boxrec.com"]. boxrec.com. 31 December 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2013.</ref> Tetteh fight around de world as professional boxer, e de include Sweden, Australia, New Zealand, Italy, de United Kingdom—wer he fight frequently—Spain den France. For ein last bout as professional, he fight Ken Buchanan, wey e knock out for three rounds by de Scottish future world champion den member of de International Boxing Hall of Fame. == References == [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Ghanaians]] [[Category:1941 births]] [[Category:2002 deaths]] [[Category:Lightweight boxers]] [[Category:Light-welterweight boxers]] [[Category:Boxers wey komot Accra]] [[Category:Welterweight boxers]] [[Category:Ghanaian male boxers]] <references /> == External links == * [[boxrec:15937|Boxing record for Joe Tetteh]] from BoxRec (registration required) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023943/http://static.boxrec.com/5/55/Tetteh.Joe.jpg Image - Joe Tetteh] fxqrmjk1fvesdbofaf4k9eq0o8lz2wz 0 6404 112457 82481 2026-09-25T00:05:53Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112457 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Bank of Ghana''' (wey dem dey abbreviate am as '''BoG''') be de Central Bank of [[Ghana]]. Edey [[Accra]] insyd wey dem establish am insyd 1957.<ref name=":0">[https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Bank-of-Ghana-3532 "Bank of Ghana, Biography"]. ''ghanaweb.com''. Retrieved 29 August 2023.</ref> De Bank of Ghana get Seven Regional Offices plus ein head office wey dey insyd Accra. De regional offices dey for de cities wey dey follow, [[Hohoe]], [[Kumasi]], [[Sunyani]], [[Tamale, Ghana|Tamale]], [[Sekondi-Takoradi|Takoradi]], [[Bolgatanga]], [[Wa, Ghana|Wa]]. De regional offices be responsible for implementing de policies den directives of de Bank of Ghana for dema respective regions. Dem san dey provide banking services to de government, financial institutions, den de public.<ref>[https://www.bog.gov.gh/ "Bank of Ghana – Central Bank"]. 12 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.</ref> De bank be active say ego develop financial inclusion policies wey esan be member of de Alliance for Financial Inclusion.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120220141606/http://www.afi-global.org/about-afi/members "Alliance for Financial Inclusion – Members"]. 18 June 2019. Archived from [https://www.afi-global.org/members/ the original] on 20 February 2012.</ref><ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20251103084843/https://www.bog.gov.gh/about-the-bank/ "About the Bank – Bank of Ghana"]. Retrieved 12 July 2023.</ref><ref name=":2">[https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Bank-of-Ghana-3532 "Bank of Ghana, Biography"]. ''ghanaweb.com''. Retrieved 12 July 2023.</ref> == Establishment of de Bank of Ghana == Dem formally establish de Bank of Ghana for 4 March 1957, just two days before [[Ghana]] ein declaration of political independence.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.citizen-capital.com/the-central-bank-of-ghana/ "The Central Bank Of Ghana « Citizen-Capital"]. Retrieved 28 July 2023.</ref> Ebe de British Parliament wey pass de Bank of Ghana Ordinance (No. 34) of 1957 so say dem go make am official.<ref name=":0" /> By mid-July 1957, dem complete all necessary preparations for de official inauguration for de Bank ein new Head Office wey dey for de High Street.<ref name=":1" /> Since 1957, de Bank of Ghana get experience for various legislative changes.<ref name=":0" /> De original Bank of Ghana Ordinance (No.34) of 1957 dem replace am by de Bank of Ghana Act (1963), Act 182, wey later dem amend am by de Bank of Ghana (Amendment Act) 1965, (Act 282). Eventually, de Bank of Ghana Law, 1992 PNDCL 291, dem consolidate de legal framework for de bank by repealing both Acts 182 and 282.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> == History == De Central Bank of Ghana trace ein roots to de Bank of the Gold Coast (BGC) anaa Ghana Commercial Bank, wey dem nurtured am cam dat far. As soon as local politicians den economists see say political independence dey for de mid-1950s de agitation for central bank wey dem revive am. Dem dey argue say de central bank be one institution wey ego give true meaning to political independence. You go fi remember say way back insyd 1947, some leading politicians call say dem for establish national bank, plus central bank functions say ego act as banker to government den ego cater for de indigenous sector of de economy.<ref>[https://www.modernghana.com/news/1021189/what-is-next-for-the-banking-industry-in-ghana.html#:~:text=The%20Central%20Bank%20of%20Ghana%20traces%20its%20roots,cater%20for%20the%20indigenous%20sector%20of%20the%20economy "What Is Next For The Banking Industry In Ghana?"].</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20251103084843/https://www.bog.gov.gh/about-the-bank/ "About the Bank – Bank of Ghana"]. Retrieved 28 July 2023.</ref> Plenty proposals cam from advocates say make dem accept central bank insyd early 1955, government set up anoda select committee say make dem take a new look at de Trevor Report den prepare de grounds give de establishment of a central bank for Ghana. De BGC dey already set de stage for central banking: all dat dem need be specially trained personnel insyd central banking den suitable accommodation give de bank for am to take off.<ref name=":1" /> By de end of 1956, all for set give de establishment of de Bank of Ghana. A new den modern five-storey building wey dem put up for de High Street, adjacent to de Accra Metropolitan Assembly (AMA) say ego house both de Bank of Ghana den de Ghana Commercial Bank (GCB). Insyd March 2012, de Bank of Ghana announce say edey go make specific commitments to say financial inclusion wey dey under de Maya Declaration.<ref>[https://www.afi-global.org/news/2012/04/bank-ghana-continues-pledge-financial-inclusion-maya-declaration-commitment "Bank of Ghana continues pledge to financial inclusion with Maya Declaration commitment"]. ''Alliance for Financial Inclusion | Bringing smart policies to life''. 6 April 2012. Retrieved 26 December 2020.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210117090736/https://www.afi-global.org/speeches/2020/09/afis-gender-inclusive-finance-webinar-integrating-gender-considerations-covid-19 "AFI's Gender Inclusive Finance Webinar on "Integrating Gender Considerations into COVID-19 Policy Solutions" – Opening Remarks by Governor, Dr. E.K Addison, Bank of Ghana"]. ''Alliance for Financial Inclusion | Bringing smart policies to life''. 14 September 2020. Retrieved 26 December 2020.</ref> == Governance of de Bank of Ghana == De first governor of de bank be Mr. Alfred Eggleston,<ref name=":0" /> he be de former managing director of BGC den accomplish Scottish banker on wey he dey secondment say make he cam Ghana from de Imperial Bank of India. Ein deputy governor be Mr. Douglas F. Stone, he be anoda renown British central banker wey he dey for secondment from Bank of England. De general administration of de bank dem take give seven-member board of directors under de chairmanship for de governor.<ref name=":1" /> De first board be as follows: # Alfred Eggleston, chairman # Douglas F. Stone, deputy governor # R. S. Blay, director # N. T. Clerk, director # C. E. Osei, director # R. C. Parkin, director De governor of de bank den ein deputy dem appoint by de governor of de Gold Coast for de recommendation of de prime minister, in accordance plus Section 10 (1) of de 1957 Ordinance. De governor den ein deputy wey each dem appoint am for term of five years den dat person be eligible for reappointment. Dose two officials dem answerable to de board for dema acts den decisions insyd de course of general administration for de affairs for de bank. De board einself be answerable to de Ministry of Finance for efficient management for de bank. De oda directors for de board wey san appoint by de Prime Minister plus de approval for de governor of de [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]] for term of three years, subject to renewal.[[File:Ghana_Economy_–_Inflation.jpg|right|thumb|350x350px|Ghana ein economical inflation rate of wey dey insyd percentage]] === Governors === De list wey dey follow be de list of governors till date<ref>[https://www.bog.gov.gh/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=129%3Agovernors-and-deputy-governors-of-the-bank-since-its-inception&catid=64&Itemid=137 "BoG List of Gorvenors"]. 4 March 2024.</ref><ref>Bank of Ghana. [https://www.bog.gov.gh/governors-deputies/ "Governors Deputies"]. ''Bank of Ghana''.</ref><ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/person/Bank-of-Ghana-3532 "Bank of Ghana, Biography"]. ''ghanaweb.com''. Retrieved 13 September 2023.</ref><ref>Emmanuel, Kojo (6 April 2022). [https://web.archive.org/web/20231115213633/https://www.pulse.com.gh/business/here-are-all-the-governors-of-the-bank-of-ghana-since-1957/q3k9rhm "Here are all the governors of the Bank of Ghana since 1957"]. ''Pulse Ghana''. Retrieved 13 September 2023.</ref> * Alfred Eggleston 1 August 1957 – 3 April 1959 * Hubert Kessels 21 August 1959 – 8 September 1962 * W.M.Q. Halm 5 October 1962 – 13 August 1965 * A. Adomako 10 September 1965 – 9 February 1968 * J.H. Frimpong-Ansah 8 March 1968 – 28 February 1973 * Amon Nikoi 16 March 1973 – June 1977 * A.E.K. Ashiabor 15 Jul 1977–8 Mar 1983 * J. S. Addo 29 March 1983 – 3 June 1987 * G.K. Agama 15 July 1988 – 16 July 1997 * Kwabena Duffuor 17 July 1997 – 30 September 2001 * Paul A. Acquah 1 October 2001 – 30 September 2009 * K. B. Amissah-Arthur 1 October 2009 – 6 August 2012 * Henry Kofi Wampah 6 August 2012 – 31 March 2016 * Abdul Nashiru Issahaku 1 April 2016 – 31 March 2017 * Ernest Addison 1 April 2017 – Present == Departments == Insyd 1957, de bank commence ein business plus six main departments namely: * De governors' office * De administration/personnel department * De banking department * De issue department * Accounts/audit department * Economics/statistics department De governors ein office be head by de secretary to de board, wey oda departments dem dey head by managers who dey report directly give de deputy governor anaa for special cases insyd give de governor. Dem dey run de departments by de managers in accordance plus policies den decisions wey dey arrive at by an in-house management accordance plus policies wey dey arrive by in-house management committee wey dey comprise de governor, de deputy governor den three anaa four heads of department wey de governor dey appoint.<ref name=":2" /> Plus dema initial organisational arrangements, de Bank of Ghana dey take de central role insyd banking system for Ghana, wey edey comprise de central bank, two expatriate commercial banks – de British Bank of West Africa (BBWA) (''now Standard Chartered Bank'') den Barclays Bank Limited (Dominion, Colonial and Overseas); den de new Ghana Commercial Bank (''GCB''). Dem san get de Post Office Savings Bank (POSB), wey in fact, no be bank by definition; ebe de institution per set up by de government say make dem mobilize public savings through de agency for de numerous post offices insyd de country, for investment insyd government paper. Relations plus oda banks insyd de system wey dem set out under sections 39 – 42 of de 1957 Ordinance. Initially, dema relation were no very strong. De Central Bank dey act as banker to oda banks den co-operate plus dem say ego promote den maintain adequate den reasonable banking services for de public. Esan dey ensure high standards for conduct den management insyd de banking system. De bank san dey give powers as edey require de banks say make emaintain proportion of dema assets insyd de specify form den submit monthly returns on dema operation give de Central Bank. However, banking supervision anaa bank examination be specifically highlight insyd de Ordinance.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080914005137/http://www.ghanacedi.gov.gh/index1.php?linkid=227 "BoG ordinance"]. 19 June 2008. Archived from [http://www.ghanacedi.gov.gh/index1.php?linkid=227&archiveid=411&page=1&adate=19/06/2008 the original] on 14 September 2008.</ref> == Function == As a Central Bank of Ghana, edey function as follows: * Formulate den implement a monetary policy wey dey aim at achieving de objectives for de Bank; * Promote by monetary measure de stabilization for de value for de currency wey dey within den outside Ghana; * Institute measures dat be likely go get favorable effect for de balance of payments, de state of public finances, den de general development for de national economy; * Regulate, supervise, den direct de banking den credit system den ensure de smooth operation for de financial sector; * Promote, regulate, den supervise payment den settlement systems; * Issue den redeem de currency notes den coins; * Ensure effective maintenance den management of Ghana ein external financial services; * license, regulate, promote, den supervise non-banking financial institutions; * Act as banker den financial adviser go government; * Promote den maintain relations plus international banking den financial institutions den subject to de Constitution anaa any oda relevant enactment, implement international monetary agreements wey Ghana be party; den * Do all oda things dat be incidental anaa conducive to de efficient performance for ein functions under dis Act den any oda enactment.<ref name=":1" /> == Bank of Ghana insyd de news == === Lawsuits === ==== Dr. Papa Kwesi Nduom den de Odas ==== Insyd August 2019, Dr. Papa Kwesi Nduom den oda individuals file lawsuit against de Bank of Ghana den oda parties wey dey concern de cancellation of de license of GN Bank/Savings.<ref>[https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/high-court-has-jurisdiction-over-gn-bank-vs-bank-of-ghana-supreme-court-rules.html#:~:text=The%20Supreme%20Court%20has%20ruled%20that%20the%20High,over%20the%20revocation%20of%20the%20GN%20Bank%2FSavings%20license "High Court has jurisdiction over GN Bank vs. Bank of Ghana - Supreme Court rules - Graphic Online"].</ref> De Bank of Ghana dey dispute for High Court ein jurisdiction by asserting dat, as per de Banking Act, license revocation matters should be resolve thru arbitration buh no be court proceedings<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230729123929/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/GN-bank-case-BoG-appeal-struck-out-High-Court-to-give-final-judgement-1447996 "GN bank case: BoG appeal struck out, High Court to give final judgement"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 19 January 2022. Retrieved 29 July 2023.</ref> === Controversies === ==== ''New Bank of Ghana Headquarters'' ==== Insyd August 2023, de Bank of Ghana through press briefing describe am as justifications, ebe move say dem go build fresh 13-storey headquarters to replace ein current building. The Bank of Ghana in Accra released a document on August 21, 2023, wey dey contain dema disclosure.<ref name=":3">[https://citibusinessnews.com/2023/08/bog-new-head-office-41-completed-to-be-finished-in-sept-2024/ "BoG new head office 41% completed; to be finished in Sept. 2024"]. ''Citi Business News''. 22 August 2023. Retrieved 23 August 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/business/Construction-of-new-BoG-office-at-41-completion-Governor-1829048 "Construction of new BoG office at 41% completion - Governor"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 21 August 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/why-bog-is-constructing-new-head-office-building-as-most-important-priority-project.html "Why BoG is constructing new Head Office building as most important priority project"]. ''Graphic Online''. 10 August 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/business/New-BoG-head-office-not-just-simple-ordinary-building-Addison-1829069 "New BoG head office 'not just simple, ordinary building' – Addison"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 21 August 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2023.</ref><ref>Gyesi, Zadok Kwame (21 August 2023). [https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/no-procurement-law-was-broken-in-the-building-of-new-bank-of-ghana-head-office-governor.html "No procurement law was flouted in new BoG head office project - Governor"]. ''Graphic Online''. Retrieved 13 September 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/business/New-headquarters-cost-not-bloated-BoG-1829216 "New headquarters cost not bloated - BoG"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 22 August 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2023.</ref> De decision say dem dey go build new ediface be say ecam meet plus mix reactions as de Minority insyd Parliament of Ghana den some Civil Society Organizations dey strongly opposed, dem dey talk say such projects no be necessary as dem dey consider current economic situation de country dey insyd.<ref name=":3" /> Consequently, dem dey criticize de Governor of de Bank of Ghana den ein deputies, wey dem dey urge dem say make dem step down den declare dema plan to stage protest for de Bank of Ghana on September 5, 2023, as dem dey seek de departure of dese officials.<ref name=":3" /><ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/NDC-MP-blows-alarm-on-luxurious-Central-Bank-of-Ghana-Governor-Guest-House-in-Takoradi-1823399 "NDC MP blows alarm on luxurious 'Central Bank of Ghana Governor Guest House' in Takoradi"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 12 August 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2023.</ref> Oda distinguish members for Ghana insyd wey edey include Dormaahene, Osagyefo Oseadeeyo Agyemang Badu II dey talk ein mind for de decision of de Bank of Ghana ein leadership.<ref>GhanaWeb (18 August 2023). [https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/3-top-public-personalities-who-have-commented-on-BoG-s-new-250m-headquarters-1827188 "3 top public personalities who have commented on BoG's new $250m headquarters"]. ''GhanaWeb''. Retrieved 13 September 2023.</ref><ref>Biiya, Mukusah Ali (18 August 2023). [https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/if-i-had-my-own-way-ill-demolish-new-bank-of-ghana-250-million-head-office-project-dormaahene.html <nowiki>"I'll demolish new BoG head office project if I had my own way - Dormaahene [VIDEO]"</nowiki>]. ''Graphic Online''. Retrieved 13 September 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.myjoyonline.com/its-not-prudent-to-build-new-bog-headquarters-while-in-crisis-inusah-fuseini "It's not prudent to build new BoG headquarters while in crisis – Inusah Fuseini"]. ''www.myjoyonline.com''. 12 August 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2023.</ref> On de oda syd, de Deputy Minister for Trade, Dr Stephen Amoah, dey call de action of those wey dey call for de resignation of de governor as eno dey hia.<ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Calls-for-resignation-of-BoG-governor-deputies-are-unjustified-Stephen-Amoah-1822598 "Calls for resignation of BoG governor, deputies are unjustified – Stephen Amoah"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 11 August 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2023.</ref> == Awards den honours == Insyd October 2020, dem adjudge Bank of Ghana say ebe de best central bank for de seventh Central Banking Awards.<ref>[https://www.graphic.com.gh/business/business-news/bog-picks-central-bank-of-the-year-award.html "BoG picks Central Bank of the Year award"]. ''Graphic Online''. Retrieved 15 October 2020.</ref><ref>[https://affairscloud.com/virtual-edition-of-7th-annual-central-banking-awards-2020/ "Bank of Ghana (BoG) won Central Bank of the Year Award 2020 in 7th Annual Central Banking Awards 2020"]. ''affairscloud.com''. Retrieved 12 July 2023.</ref> == San see == * Savings and Loans Company * [[Ghanaian cedi|Cedi]], de currency of Ghana * Central banks den currencies of Africa * Economy of Ghana * List of financial institutions insyd Ghana * List of central banks == References == [[Category:Bank of Ghana]] [[Category:Central banks]] <references /> == External link == {{Commons}} * [https://www.bog.gov.gh/ Bank of Ghana official site] [[Category:1957 establishments insyd Ghana]] [[Category:Banks of Ghana]] [[Category:Buildings den structures insyd Accra]] [[Category:Banks dem establish insyd 1957]] [[Category:Financial institutions insyd Ghana]] ez05bri2cq7hl07yx6zbtqdf16ygjw0 0 6546 112408 107569 2026-09-24T19:06:01Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112408 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Plastic pollution''' be de accumulation of plastic objects den particles (e.g. plastic bottles, bags den microbeads) insyd de [[Earth]] ein environment wey dey adversely affect humans, wildlife den dema habitat.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1589019/plastic-pollution |title=Plastic pollution |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=1 August 2013}}</ref><ref name=":15">{{cite web|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2018/06/plastic-planet-waste-pollution-trash-crisis|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180516224226/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2018/06/plastic-planet-waste-pollution-trash-crisis/|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 May 2018|title=We Depend on Plastic. Now We're Drowning in It.|author=Laura Parker|date=June 2018|website=NationalGeographic.com|access-date=25 June 2018}}</ref> Plastics wey act as pollutants dem categorize by size into micro-, meso-, anaa macro debris.<ref name="plastics in marine environment">{{Cite book |last1=Hammer|first1=J|last2=Kraak|first2=MH|last3=Parsons|first3=JR|title=Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology|chapter=Plastics in the Marine Environment: The Dark Side of a Modern Gift|date=2012|volume=220|pages=1–44|doi=10.1007/978-1-4614-3414-6_1|pmid=22610295|isbn=978-1461434139|s2cid=5842747}}</ref> Plastics be inexpensive den durable, wey dey make dem very adaptable give different uses; as a result, manufacturers dey choose make dem use plastic over oda materials.<ref>Hester, Ronald E.; Harrison, R. M. (editors) (2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=TCfYfIDymd8C&pg=PA84 Marine Pollution and Human Health]. Royal Society of Chemistry. pp. 84–85. {{ISBN|184973240X}}</ref> However, de chemical structure of chaw plastics wey dey render dem resistant to chaw natural processes of degradation den as a result be de slow make dem degrade.<ref name="Plastic Pollution">{{cite web |title=When The Mermaids Cry: The Great Plastic Tide|last1=Le Guern|first1=Claire|date=March 2018|website=Coastal Care|url=https://coastalcare.org/2020/01/plastic-pollution-when-the-mermaids-cry-the-great-plastic-tide-by-claire-le-guern/ }}</ref> Togeda, dese two factors dey allow large volumes of plastic make dem enter de environment as mismanaged waste wich dey persist insyd de ecosystem wey dey travel thru out food webs.<ref>Worm, Boris; Lotze, Heike K.; Jubinville, Isabelle; Wilcox, Chris; Jambeck, Jenna (17 October 2017). [[doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-060700|"Plastic as a Persistent Marine Pollutant"]]. ''Annual Review of Environment and Resources''. '''42''' (1): 1–26. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-060700|10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-060700]]. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1543-5938 1543-5938].</ref><ref>Ong, Sandy (24 August 2023). [https://knowablemagazine.org/article/food-environment/2023/how-to-recycle-plastic-with-enzymes "The living things that feast on plastic"]. ''Knowable Magazine''. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1146/knowable-082423-1|10.1146/knowable-082423-1]].</ref> == Major plastic waste generator end polluter countries == === Total plastic waste polluters === Dem dey generate around 275''&nbsp;''million tonnes of plastic waste each year around de world; wey dem dey dump between 4.8 million den 12.7''&nbsp;''million tonnes into de sea.<ref name="Worm">{{cite journal|last1=Worm|first1=Boris|last2=Lotze|first2=Heike K.|last3=Jubinville|first3=Isabelle|last4=Wilcox|first4=Chris|last5=Jambeck|first5=Jenna|title=Plastic as a Persistent Marine Pollutant|journal=Annual Review of Environment and Resources|date=17 October 2017|volume=42|issue=1|pages=1–26|doi=10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-060700|language=en|issn=1543-5938|doi-access=free}}</ref> About 60% of de plastic waste insyd de ocean dey cam from de top five countries: China, Indonesia, de Philippines, Thailand den Vietnam.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.futureagenda.org/foresights/plastic-oceans/|title=Plastic Oceans|website=futureagenda.org|location=London}}</ref> De table below dey list de top 20 plastic waste polluting countries insyd 2010 according to a study dem publish by ''Science'', Jambeck ''et al'' (2015).<ref>Jambeck, Jenna R.; Geyer, Roland; Wilcox, Chris; Siegler, Theodore R.; Perryman, Miriam; Andrady, Anthony; Narayan, Ramani; Law, Kara Lavender (13 February 2015). [https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.1260352 "Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean"]. ''Science''. '''347''' (6223): 768–771. Bibcode:[https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015Sci...347..768J 2015Sci...347..768J]. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1126/science.1260352|10.1126/science.1260352]]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25678662 25678662]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:206562155 206562155].</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20191205020701/https://www.earthday.org/2018/04/06/top-20-countries-ranked-by-mass-of-mismanaged-plastic-waste/ "Top 20 Countries Ranked by Mass of Mismanaged Plastic Waste"]. ''Earth Day.org''. 4 June 2018.</ref> {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align:right" |+Top plastic polluters {{as of|2010|lc=y}} !Position !Country !Plastic pollution (insyd 1000 tonnes per year) |- |1 | style="text-align:left; " |China |8820 |- |2 | style="text-align:left; " |Indonesia |3220 |- |3 | style="text-align:left; " |Philippines |1880 |- |4 | style="text-align:left; " |Vietnam |1830 |- |5 | style="text-align:left; " |Sri Lanka |1590 |- |6 | style="text-align:left; " |Thailand |1030 |- |7 | style="text-align:left; " |[[Egypt]] |970 |- |8 | style="text-align:left; " |Malaysia |940 |- |9 | style="text-align:left; " |[[Nigeria]] |850 |- |10 | style="text-align:left; " |Bangladesh |790 |- |11 | style="text-align:left; " |[[South Africa]] |630 |- |12 | style="text-align:left; " |India |600 |- |13 | style="text-align:left; " |[[Algeria]] |520 |- |14 | style="text-align:left; " |[[Turkey]] |490 |- |15 | style="text-align:left; " |Pakistan |480 |- |16 | style="text-align:left; " |Brazil |470 |- |17 | style="text-align:left; " |Myanmar |460 |- |18 | style="text-align:left; " |[[Morocco]] |310 |- |19 | style="text-align:left; " |North Korea |300 |- |20 | style="text-align:left; " |[[United States]] |280 |- |} <references /> === Sources === * {{cite journal|doi=10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00220-5|title=The pollution of the marine environment by plastic debris: A review|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_marine-pollution-bulletin_2002-09_44_9/page/842|year=2002|last1=Derraik|first1=José G.B|journal=Marine Pollution Bulletin|volume=44|issue=9|pages=842–52|pmid=12405208|bibcode=2002MarPB..44..842D|doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal|doi=10.1098/rstb.2008.0311|title=Plastics recycling: Challenges and opportunities|year=2009|last1=Hopewell|first1=Jefferson|last2=Dvorak|first2=Robert|last3=Kosior|first3=Edward|journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences|volume=364|issue=1526|pages=2115–26|pmid=19528059|pmc=2873020}} * Knight, Geof (2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=oDWq8McAZC8C Plastic Pollution]. Capstone. {{ISBN|978-1432960391}} == Read further == [[File:Where_is_all_the_plastic_in_the_ocean_video.webm|thumb|Lecture of Erik van Sebille (Utrecht University) on plastic pollution]] * Colette, Wabnitz & Wallace J. Nichols. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200901025726/http://www.seaturtle.org/plasticpollution/MTN129p1-4.pdf Editorial: Plastic Pollution: An Ocean Emergency]. 3 March 2010. 28 January 2013. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160205220921/http://unep.org/gpa/documents/publications/BiodegradablePlastics.pdf Biodegradable Plastics and Marine Litter. Misconceptions, concerns and impacts on marine environments], 2015, United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Nairobi. * [https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/jun/28/a-million-a-minute-worlds-plastic-bottle-binge-as-dangerous-as-climate-change A million bottles a minute: world's plastic binge 'as dangerous as climate change']. ''The Guardian''. 28 June 2017. * [https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/09/19/551261222/guess-whats-showing-up-in-our-shellfish-one-word-plastics Guess What's Showing Up In Our Shellfish? One Word: Plastics]. NPR. 19 September 2017 * [https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/mar/07/microplastic-pollution-revealed-absolutely-everywhere-by-new-research Microplastic pollution revealed ‘absolutely everywhere’ by new research]. ''The Guardian''. 6 March 2019 * [https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/sep/04/plastic-pollution-fossil-record After bronze and iron, welcome to the plastic age, say scientists]. ''The Guardian''. 4 September 2019. * [https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-features/plastic-problem-recycling-myth-big-oil-950957/ Planet Plastic: How Big Oil and Big Soda kept a global environmental calamity a secret for decades]. ''Rolling Stone''. 3 March 2020. * [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-55006333 Plastics an 'unfolding disaster' for US marine life]. BBC, 19 November 2020. * Elizabeth Kolbert, "A Trillion Little Pieces: How plastics are poisoning us", ''The New Yorker'', 3 July 2023, pp.&nbsp;24–27. "If much of contemporary life is wrapped up in plastic, and the result of this is that we are poisoning our kids, ourselves, and our ecosystems, then contemporary life may need to be rethought." (p.&nbsp;27.) == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite web |url=https://ecowatch.com/2014/04/07/22-facts-plastic-pollution-10-things-can-do-about-it/ |title=22 Facts About Plastic Pollution (And 10 Things We Can Do About It) |publisher=ecowatch.com |access-date=4 January 2016 |date=7 April 2014}} [[Category:Anthropocene]] [[Category:Pollution]] [[Category:Plastics den de environment]] [[Category:Environmental impact of products]] b5vhl2q1uc323rx887mmwb1s1s0obxw 0 6754 112353 110825 2026-09-24T17:37:14Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112353 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''water supply and sanitation''' sector insyd [[Ghana]] be a sector wey be in charge of de supply of healthy water den sanso dey improve de sanitation of water bodies insyd de country. Insyd Ghana, de drinking water supply den sanitation sectors dey face a number of issues, wey dey include relatively limited sanitation access, intermittent supply, significant water losses, poor water pressure, den pollution. Since 1994, na dem gradually reform de sector thru de creation of an autonomous regulatory agency, introduction of private sector participation, decentralization of de rural supply to 138 [[Districts of Ghana|districts]] wey dem increase community participation insyd de management of rural water systems.<ref name="WaterAid">{{cite web|last=WaterAid|title=National Water Sector Assessment, Ghana|url=http://www.wateraid.org/other/startdownload.asp?DocumentID=28&mode=plugin|format=PDF|access-date=26 March 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Scaling up Water and Sanitation in Ghana |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2020/11/18/scaling-up-water-and-sanitation-in-ghana |access-date=13 September 2023 |website=World Bank}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==External links== {{Commons}} ===Policy setting=== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190926043318/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/2012-02-08-08-18-09/ministries/274-ministry-of-water-resources-works-housing Ghanaian Ministry of Water Resources, Works and Housing] ===Economic regulation=== * [http://www.purc.com.gh/ Ghanaian Public Utilities and Regulatory Commission (PURC)] ===Service provision=== * [http://www.cwsagh.org/ Community Water and Sanitation Agency] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110727204856/http://www.ghanawater.com.gh/ Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL)] * [http://waterinafrica.org/ Water In Africa Through Everyday Responsiveness, a nonprofit which installs boreholes throughout Ghana] ==Ein Access== De water supply den sanitation [[infrastructure]] be insufficient, especially insyd [[rural area]]s. Substantial discrepancies between access data from various sources dey, partially secof different definitions wey different institutions dey use wey dey provide access data. According to de Joint Monitoring Program for Water Supply and Sanitation of [[UNICEF]] and [[WHO]], access plus [[Water supply and sanitation in sub-Saharan Africa|water den sanitation]] be as follows: {| class="wikitable" |- ! colspan=2| ! Urban<br />(51% of the population) ! Rural<br />(49% of the population) ! Total |- | rowspan=2|Water<ref name="JMP"/> | [[At least basic water source|'At least basic' definition]] | 88% | 66% | 78% |- | House connections | 33% | 3% | 18% |- | rowspan=2|Sanitation<ref name="JMP"/> | [['At least basic' sanitation|'At least basic' definition]] | 19% | 9% | 14% |- |Sewerage | ? | ? | ? |} According to de [[United Nations]] 2015 [[Millennium Development Goal|MDG]] report, Ghana don achieve de target of reducing by half de number of people wey no get access to safe drinking water.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gh.undp.org/content/ghana/en/home/library/poverty/2015-ghana-millennium-development-goals-report.html|title=2015 Ghana Millennium Development Goals Report|website=UNDP in Ghana|access-date=6 May 2016|archive-date=2 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602042020/http://www.gh.undp.org/content/ghana/en/home/library/poverty/2015-ghana-millennium-development-goals-report.html}}</ref> Dem estimate say almost one-third of de water supply systems for Ghana no dey function properly, while many others dey operate far below de capacity wey dem design dem for. On top of dat, domestic water supply dey compete plus increasing demand for water from de growing industry den agriculture sectors.<ref name="Ghana Safe Water Network">{{cite web|title=Ghana|url=http://www.safewaternetwork.org/countries-regions/ghana|website=Safe Water Network|access-date=29 April 2016}}</ref> [[File:A picture of a boy drinking polluted water.jpg|thumb|Water pollution insyd Ghana]]About 88% of de urban population for Ghana get access to at least [[Improved water source|basic drinking water]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.unicef.org/ghana/Ghana_MICS_Final.pdf|title=Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2011}}</ref> However, differences still dey between urban den rural access to safe drinking water. According to de Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey of 2011, people wey dey live for urban areas get more chance to access safe drinking water than people for rural areas, with rates of 91% den 69% respectively.<ref name=":0" /> Because of dis, dependence on unsafe water sources higher for rural areas.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://water.org/country/ghana/|title=Ghana – Water Crisis {{!}} Water.org|website=Water.org|access-date=6 May 2016|archive-date=22 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422112638/http://water.org/country/ghana/}}</ref> De turbidity levels of most local surface waters for rural communities pass 200 NTUs (nephelometric turbidity units) den dem contain high microbial den fecal contamination, wey dey put children den de rest of de population for high risk of water-related diseases.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Mintz |first1=Eric |last2=Bartram |first2=Jamie |last3=Lochery |first3=Peter |last4=Wegelin |first4=Martin |date=1 October 2001 |title=Not Just a Drop in the Bucket: Expanding Access to Point-of-Use Water Treatment Systems |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-public-health_2001-10_91_10/page/1565 |journal=American Journal of Public Health |volume=91 |issue=10 |pages=1565–1570 |issn=0090-0036 |pmc=1446826 |pmid=11574307 |doi=10.2105/ajph.91.10.1565}}</ref> Compared plus de rest of Ghana, de three northern regions of Ghana suffer more from lack of clean drinking water, with one out of every ten children dying before dem reach five years because of some water-related illnesses.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.wateraid.org/us/where-we-work/page/ghana |title=Ghana – Where We Work – WaterAid America |website=www.wateraid.org |access-date=6 May 2016}}</ref> For de main Northern Region alone, 32% of de 2.5 million residents no get access to improved water sources den often dem dey depend on contaminated drinking water.<ref name=":0" /> As for sanitation, only 14% of de total population of Ghana dey use improved sanitation facilities as of 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://data.unicef.org/corecode/uploads/document6/uploaded_pdfs/corecode/Pneumonia_Diarrhoea_2012_35.pdf |title=UNICEF. 2012. Pneumonia and Diarrhoea – Tackling the deadliest diseases for the world's poorest children. }}</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Improved Drinking Water Source !Unimproved Drinking Water Source |- |Household connection |Rivers or ponds |- |Borehole |Bucket |- |Protected dug well |Unprotected well |- |Protected spring |Unprotected spring |- |Public Standpipe |Vendor-provided water |- | |Tanker truck water |- | |Bottled (den sachet) water |} Dis table dey present de classifications of improved den unimproved water sources insyd Ghana since de end of de [[Millennium Development Goals]], according to de [[WHO]] den UNICEF.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wssinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/resources/1251454622-A_Snapshot_of_Drinking_Water_in_Africa_Eng.pdf|title=WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation (2008). A Snapshot of Drinking Water and Sanitation in Africa.|access-date=6 May 2016|archive-date=1 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161001154210/http://www.wssinfo.org/fileadmin/user_upload/resources/1251454622-A_Snapshot_of_Drinking_Water_in_Africa_Eng.pdf}}</ref> As of de end of 2015, na improved water sources dey include household water pipes, [[borehole]]s, protected dug wells den [[Spring (hydrology)|springs]], den public standpipes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gh.undp.org/content/dam/ghana/docs/Doc/Inclgro/UNDP_GH_2015%20Ghana%20MDGs%20Report.pdf|title=United Nations. 2015. Ghana Millennium Development Goals Report.|access-date=6 May 2016|archive-date=17 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517051924/http://www.gh.undp.org/content/dam/ghana/docs/Doc/Inclgro/UNDP_GH_2015%20Ghana%20MDGs%20Report.pdf}}</ref> ==Ein Service quality== ===Continuity of supply=== According to sam estimate, one quarter of de people wey dey live for [[Accra]] dey receive continuous water supply. About 30% dey get water for 12 hours each day, five days for week. Another 35% dey receive water for two days every week. De remaining 10% wey mostly dey live for de outskirts of de capital no get access to piped water at all.<ref name="wateraid 2" /> According to another source, de situation even worse: for February 2008, some communities insyd de Accra-Tema metropolis dey get water only once for week, or once for two weeks, or even once for month.<ref name=":2">[http://www.water-mwrwh.com/sub.htm#top AVRL: The Dodowa intervention]{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The continuity of water supply in rural areas and the Northern Region of Ghana are less frequent. Particularly in rural areas, locals are forced to fetch their own water from a variety of water sources depending on location:<ref name=":1" /> De regularity of water supply for rural areas den de Northern Region of Ghana dey even less frequent. Especially for rural areas, people dey forced to fetch their own water from different sources depending on where dem dey live:<ref name=":1" /> * Tube wells or boreholes – deep hole wey dem drill or dig reach underground water. Dem dey bring de water come up through pipe plus pump wey human power dey operate, den de well get protection platform to stop dirty water run-off or bird droppings enter de water. * Protected dug well – well wey dem protect from surface runoff water by lining or casing wey dey raised above ground level. * Rainwater collection – rain wey dem collect from surfaces den store inside container for use. * Water tank truck – water wey truck carry come community den dem dey sell am from de truck. * Unprotected dug wells or springs – well wey no get protection from runoff or bird droppings. * Cart plus small tank/drum – water seller dey carry water enter community, den dem dey sell am. Dem dey use donkey cart or motoking for transport. * Surface water sources – rivers, dams, lakes, ponds, etc. All of dem dey very likely to be polluted, wey fit be dangerous for people wey dey drink from there. Dis ones be de most dangerous water sources for Ghana population, because dem fit contain plenty bacteria den toxic substances wey fit cause infections den diseases, some wey even fit kill people.<ref name=":2" /> == Water contamination == === Drinking water quality === [[File:F-diagram-01.jpg|thumb|450x450px|De Fecal-oral disease route transmission]] De lack of clean drinking [[Water supply and sanitation in sub-Saharan Africa|water]] [[Water supply and sanitation in sub-Saharan Africa|den sanitation]] systems be serious public health problem for Ghana, den e dey cause about 70% of diseases for de country. Even though government den e development partners dey try plenty, about 76% of households still dey risk drinking water wey get contamination from animal den human waste.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Water, Sanitation and Hygiene {{!}} UNICEF Ghana |url=https://www.unicef.org/ghana/water-sanitation-and-hygiene |access-date=28 September 2023 |website=www.unicef.org |language=en}}</ref> Chao dey use of plastic sachet water secof clean tap water no dey enough aN sey cause big [[plastic pollution]], wey dey block water bodies, clog storm-water drains den even cause death of livestock.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Adam |first1=Issahaku |last2=Walker |first2=Tony R. |last3=Bezerra |first3=Joana Carlos |last4=Clayton |first4=Andrea |date=1 June 2020 |title=Policies to reduce single-use plastic marine pollution in West Africa |journal=Marine Policy |volume=116 |bibcode=2020MarPo.11603928A |doi=10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103928 |s2cid=216397079 |article-number=103928}}</ref> Ghana ein gold mining industry sana dey pollute about 60% of de country water sources.<ref name="illegal_gold_mines_2021_08_11_bbc">{{Cite news|title=The illegal gold mines killing rivers and livelihoods in Ghana|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-africa-58119653|access-date=16 October 2024|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=13 October 2024 |title=CONIWAS expresses worry over increasing effects of Galamsey |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/1348449/coniwas-expresses-worry-over-increasing-effects.html |access-date=16 October 2024 |website=Modern Ghana}}</ref> Secof dirty water den bad sanitation, about 1,000 children under five years dey die every year from diarrhea wey come from polluted water.<ref>{{cite web |title=Water Aid- Where we work: Ghana |url=https://www.wateraid.org/uk/where-we-work/ghana |access-date=10 May 2018 |website=Water Aid UK}}</ref> De water wey dem dey take from [[Pond|ponds]], [[Lake|lakes]] abaa rivers no dey good at all. So households wey no get access to clean water dey forced to use unsafe sources, den dem even dey pay more money.<ref name="oecd 294">{{cite journal |author=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) |author-link=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |title=African Economic Outlook 2007 – Ghana Country Note |url=http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/26/51/38562673.pdf |journal=African Economic Outlook 2007 |access-date=25 March 2008}}, p. 294</ref> Contaminated drinking water, plus poor sanitation, dey linked to diseases like cholera, diarrhoea, dysentery, hepatitis A, typhoid den polio wey dem dey transmit through water.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |title=Drinking-water |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs391/en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808013616/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs391/en/ |archive-date=8 August 2014 |access-date=6 May 2016 |website=World Health Organization |language=en-GB}}</ref> Because people dey drink dirty water, diarrheal disease be the third most common sickness wey dem dey report for health centers across Ghana. 25% of all deaths for children under five years dey come from diarrhea.<ref name=":22" /> Apart from lack of sanitation infrastructure, some cultural beliefs den attitudes dey encourage [[open defecation]]. From de total population for Ghana, 23% dey practice open defecation as their sanitation method.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |title=Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2011 |url=http://www.unicef.org/ghana/Ghana_MICS_Final.pdf}}</ref> As many as 72% of people for de [[Northern Region (Ghana)|Northern Region]] dey do open defecation, wey make am de region wey get de highest rate for Ghana.<ref name=":02" /> Most of de waterborne diseases be enteric diseases (meaning intestinal diseases) wey dem dey spread through fecal-oral route.<ref>{{Cite web |title=WHO. 2006. Preventing disease through healthy environments. |url=https://www.who.int/quantifying_ehimpacts/publications/preventingdisease.pdf}}</ref> For de way disease dey spread through water contamination, human feces from public defecation dey enter sewage systems den non-recycling latrines, den rain carry am go local surface waters, den menners later drink anaa contact am directly, wey cause infection through exposure, absorption den ingestion. Surface water be de main drinking water source for communities for Northern Region of Ghana.<ref name=":12">{{Cite journal |last1=Mintz |first1=Eric |last2=Bartram |first2=Jamie |last3=Lochery |first3=Peter |last4=Wegelin |first4=Martin |date=1 October 2001 |title=Not Just a Drop in the Bucket: Expanding Access to Point-of-Use Water Treatment Systems |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-public-health_2001-10_91_10/page/1565 |journal=American Journal of Public Health |volume=91 |issue=10 |pages=1565–1570 |doi=10.2105/ajph.91.10.1565 |issn=0090-0036 |pmc=1446826 |pmid=11574307}}</ref> For 2024, for one stakeholder conference, Ing. Harold Esseku, Senior Water den Sanitation Specialist for World Bank talk say Ghana dey on track to improve water quality by 2030.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghana to upscale efforts to improve water quality by 2030 - Esseku |url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/1348313/ghana-to-upscale-efforts-to-improve-water-quality.html |access-date=16 October 2024 |website=Modern Ghana}}</ref> === Effects for education top === De main traditional water sources for many parts of rural Ghana be small ponds den unprotected wells, den both of dem dey very easy make dem get polluted, wey dey cause diseases for people wey dey drink am (Oxfam). More than 50% of de rural population for Ghana also dey depend on unsafe water resources from vendors (Ghana Clean Water Project). Dis thing dey bring plenty sicknesses. De water get parasites den high microbial content, plus dangerous minerals. Many people, mostly children, dey suffer plenty diseases from dis water, den some of dem even fit die from am.<ref name="Water.org: Ghana">{{cite web |title=Ghana |url=http://water.org/country/ghana/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422112638/http://water.org/country/ghana/ |archive-date=22 April 2016 |access-date=27 April 2016 |website=Water.org}}</ref> No be only health de water dey affect; e dey also affect education. For example, for some places for Ghana, children—mostly girls—dey deny their right to go school because their schools no get proper private toilet facilities. Instead, dem expect dem make dem spend whole day dey fetch water. Dis dey affect their education den e dey make am hard make de country develop fast. If people get more clean water den proper sanitation, girls no go dey deny school, den dem go get education wey go increase number of educated people for Ghana.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Delali|first=Sika|title=Ghana Marks Global Hand-washing Day with renewed call for improved hygiene|url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/ghana-news-ghana-marks-global-handwashing-day-with-renewed-call-for-improved-hygiene.html|location=Accra, Ghana|access-date=16 October 2024|newspaper=[[Daily Graphic (Ghana)|Daily Graphic]]|date=16 October 2024}}</ref> All things considered, de water problems wey Ghana dey face no be only about sickness for de population, but e dey also affect education. Dis one no dey happen every time, but e dey happen for some parts of Ghana, especially rural areas.<ref name="Water.org: Ghana" /> === Wastewater treatment === {{further|wastewater treatment}} Dem estimate say for year 2000, urban areas for Ghana dey generate about 763,698 m³ of wastewater every day, wey go amount to around 280 million m³ for the whole year. Regional capitals also add another 180 million m³.<ref>{{cite conference|first=SK|last=Agodzo|author2=Huibers, FP|author3=Chenini, F.|author4=van Lier, JB|author5=Duran A.|title=Use of wastewater in irrgigated agriculture. Country studies from Bolivia, Ghana and Tunisia. Volume 2: Ghana|publisher=WUR|location=Wageningen|url=http://www.iwe.wur.nl/NR/rdonlyres/B87C7F6A-BACA-43CF-BC29-B223B0102B21/9226/fh030624GHANAfinal.PDF|isbn=90-6754-704-2|access-date=28 March 2008}}, p. 16-17</ref> Only small part of de wastewater wey urban areas dey produce dey collected, den even smaller part dey treated. Bad management of urban, industrial den agricultural wastewater often mean say drinking water for millions of people dey either dangerously contaminated or chemically polluted.<ref name=":22" /> For Accra, de capital city, only about 10% of wastewater dey collected. More than that, less than 25% of de 46 industrial den municipal treatment plants for Ghana dey function properly according to inventory wey Ghana Environmental Protection Agency do for 2001. Most of de treatment plants for municipal wastewater dey run by local governments, den most of dem be stabilization ponds.<ref>{{Cite web |title=RUAF Ghana sanitation report |url=http://www.ruaf.org/system/files?file=Chap6-Sanitation.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725133727/http://www.ruaf.org/system/files?file=Chap6-Sanitation.pdf |archive-date=25 July 2011 |access-date=13 April 2008}}</ref> One biological treatment plant dem build am for late 1990s for [[Korle Lagoon]] for Accra, but e only dey handle about 8% of Accra ein wastewater. == Water resources == Ghana get chao water resources. De Volta River system basin, wey dey include [[Oti River|Oti]], [[Daka River|Daka]], [[Pru River|Pru]], [[Sene River|Sene]] den [[Afram River|Afram]] rivers plus de [[White Volta|white]] den [[Black Volta]] rivers, cover about 70% of de country land area. Another 22% of Ghana land dey covered by de southwestern river system watershed wey include [[Bia River|Bia]], [[Tano River|Tano]], [[Ankobra River|Ankobra]] den [[Pra River (Ghana)|Pra]] rivers. De coastal river system watershed, wey include Ochi-Nawuka, Ochi Amissah, [[Ayensu River|Ayensu]], [[Densu River|Densu]] den Tordzie rivers, cover de remaining 8% of Ghana. Plus dat, groundwater dey available for mesozoic den cenozoic sedimentary rocks den inside sedimentary formations wey dey under de Volta basin. De [[Volta Lake]], wey get surface area of 8,500 km², be one of de biggest artificial lakes for di world. Overall, total renewable water resources for Ghana dem estimate say be about 53.2 billion m³ per year.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |author-link=Food and Agriculture Organization |title=Ghana Country Overview |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/countries/ghana/ghana_cp.pdf |access-date=25 March 2008}}, p. 3–4</ref> == Water use == For year 2000, total water wey dem withdraw be 982 million m³, den about two-thirds of am go for agricultural use. Another 10% dem take go industry, wey leave 24% or 235 million m³ for domestic use. Plus dat, 37,843 km³ dey use for hydroelectric power generation for [[Akosombo Dam]] each year.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |author-link=Food and Agriculture Organization |title=Ghana Country Overview |url=http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/countries/ghana/ghana_cp.pdf |access-date=25 March 2008}}, p. 4–5</ref> == History den recent developments == Archaeological work for de house ruins of Begho (12th–19th century) don show say cisterns exist, den on average dem be about two meters deep.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Posnansky |first=Merrick |date=2015 |title=Begho: Life and Times |journal=Journal of West African History |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=95–118 |doi=10.14321/jwestafrihist.1.2.0095 |issn=2327-1868 |jstor=10.14321/jwestafrihist.1.2.0095 |s2cid=193121437}}</ref> For 1817, Thomas Edward Bowdich document de sanitation methods for de Ashanti Empire, including how latrines dey common for most houses for [[Kumasi]].<blockquote>Wetin surprise me pass… be say dem discover say every house get ein own cloacae (latrine), apart from de common ones wey dey outside town for lower class people. Dem usually dey place dem under small archway for de most hidden corner of de building, but sometimes dem dey even upstairs, inside separate room like small closet where big hollow pillar still dey help support de upper floor. De holes small for size, but dem dig dem reach very deep, den dem dey pour boiling water inside every day, wey dey make sure say no bad smell dey at all.</blockquote>— Bowdich, 1817.<ref name=":3">{{cite journal |last=United Nations |author-link=United Nations |year=2004 |title=Freshwater Country Profile: Ghana |url=https://www.un.org/esa/agenda21/natlinfo/countr/ghana/waterghana04f.pdf |access-date=7 April 2008}}, p. 2</ref> For 1821, William Hutton confirm wetin Bowdich observe.<blockquote>Mr. Bowdich ein observation about say houses get cloacae den de general cleanliness of de Ashantees be correct; den e no get doubt say for how dem dey arrange their houses, dem pass plenty of their neighbours for cleanliness.</blockquote>— Hutton, 1821.<ref name=":3" /> Bowdich record am for early 19th century say rubbish den waste from all houses dem dey burn am every morning behind de streets. According to scholar Donna Maier, Public Works Department dey exist for de Ashanti Empire under de stool wey dem call Akwammofo Akonnwa. Dis department be responsible for cleaning de streets of Kumasi every day, den e make sure say people dey keep their compounds clean den dem dey weed am well well.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Feierman |first=Steven |year=1985 |title=Struggles for Control: The Social Roots of Health and Healing in Modern Africa |journal=African Studies Review |volume=28 |issue=2/3 |pages=73–147 |doi=10.2307/524604 |jstor=524604}}</ref> For 1928, dem build de first piped water supply system for [[Cape Coast]]. De Water Supply Division of de Public Works Department dey handle water service provision for both rural den urban areas for Ghana. After Ghana gain independence for 1957, dem separate de division from Public Works Department den put am under Ministry of Works den Housing. For 1965, dem turn am into Ghana Water den Sewerage Corporation (GWSC), one legal public utility wey dey responsible for providing water for urban den rural areas for public, domestic den industrial use, as well as setting up, running den controlling sewerage systems. === Decentralization, focus for rural areas top, den independent regulation (1994–1999) === For mid-1990s, under Presidency of [[Jerry Rawlings]] den after Ghana pass new democratic Constitution for 1992, government of Ghana bring five key laws wey affect how responsibility for water supply den sanitation dey run: * De Local Government Act No. 462 of 1993 explain say District Assemblies be de highest political authority for each district, den dem dey head am by District Chief Executive (like mayor). But neither de constitution nor de Local Government Act clearly define wetin District Assemblies suppose do, den at first dem no get role for water supply den sanitation until 1999 wey dem partially transfer am give dem. * De Water Resources Commission Act No. 552 of 1996 create Water Resources Commission (WRC) wey dem give responsibility for integrated water resources management, wey dey include permits for water abstraction.<ref name="wateraid 5">{{cite web |last=WaterAid |author-link=WaterAid |title=National Water Sector Assessment, Ghana |url=http://www.wateraid.org/other/startdownload.asp?DocumentID=28&mode=plugin |access-date=26 March 2008 |format=[[PDF]]}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}, p. 5</ref> * De Public Utilities den Regulatory Commission Act No. 538 of 1997 create Public Utilities and Regulatory Commission (PURC) wey dem put insyd charge of regulating electricity sector den urban water supply, including checking tariff increase requests, monitoring service quality den protecting consumers.<ref name="oecd 2942">{{cite journal |author=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) |author-link=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |title=African Economic Outlook 2007 – Ghana Country Note |url=http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/26/51/38562673.pdf |journal=African Economic Outlook 2007 |access-date=25 March 2008}}, p. 294</ref> * De Community Water and Sanitation Agency Act No. 564 of 1998 create Community Water den Sanitation Agency (CWSA) wey cam turn responsible for supporting local communities den District Assemblies for rural water supply den sanitation. CWSA come from Community Water den Sanitation Division wey dem create as semi-autonomous part of GWSC for 1994.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ghanaian Water Resources and Environmental Sanitation Project |author-link=macmeshack |title=Water Supply & Sanitation in Ghana |url=http://www.wresp.org/wsesingh.php#history |access-date=26 March 2008}}</ref> * Under Statutory Corporations (Conversion to Companies) Act 461 of 1993 den government policy wey aim turn state corporations go commercial companies, GWSC transform cam turn company wey dem call GWCL. GWCL remain responsible only for urban water supply, while responsibility for sewer systems move go District Assemblies.<ref>{{cite journal |last=United Nations |author-link=United Nations |year=2004 |title=Freshwater Country Profile: Ghana |url=https://www.un.org/esa/agenda21/natlinfo/countr/ghana/waterghana04f.pdf |access-date=7 April 2008}}, p. 2</ref> For 1999, responsibility say dem go take support communities for provision of water supply den sanitation for more than 110 small towns den rural areas transfer go District Assemblies. Sanitation sana cam turn responsibility of District Assemblies for both urban den rural areas. Plus dat, government try bring private sector go urban water supply plus help from World Bank through preparatory studies den workshops, but dem no fully bring private companies insyd yet. === Private sector participation insyd urban areas (2000–2011) === To carry out de private sector participation of GWCL, dem originally plan say make dem use 10-year lease contract. For 2000, lease contract between GWCL den de US company Azurix fail because of public opposition den accusations of corruption, wey later lead to de formation of de Coalition against Water Privatization.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Rahaman |first=Abu Shiraz |author2=Everett, Jeff |author3=Neu, Dean |year=2007 |title=Accounting and the move to privatize water services in Africa |journal=Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal |publisher=Emerald Group Publishing Limited |volume=20 |issue=5 |pages=637–670 |doi=10.1108/09513570710778992}}, p. 648–651</ref> For October 2006 insyd, under Presidency of [[John Kufuor]] den plus support from de World Bank-funded Urban Water Project (see below), dem sign five-year management contract between GWCL den Aqua Vitens Rand Limited (AVRL), wey be consortium of de Dutch public water company Vitens den de South African public company Rand Water. De main objectives of de five-year management contract be: * Improve de reliability (pressure den flow rate) den quality of potable water; * Ensure de company ein financial sustainability; * Improve customer service; den * Provide access to potable water at affordable prices for low-income consumers.<ref name="Vitens Evides">{{cite web |last=Vitens Evides International |title=Management Contract 2006–2011 for urban water supply in Ghana A Partnership – in and for – development |url=http://www.vitensevidesinternational.com/projects/ghana/case-study-book-ghana-5.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616221305/http://www.vitensevidesinternational.com/projects/ghana/case-study-book-ghana-5.pdf |archive-date=16 June 2013 |access-date=14 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Doe |first=Henry Wonder |year=2007 |title=Assessing the Challenges of Water Supply in. Urban Ghana: The case of North Teshie. (EESI Master Thesis) |url=http://www.lwr.kth.se/Publikationer/PDF_Files/LWR_EX_07_06.PDF |publisher=Department of Land and Water Resources Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) |access-date=27 March 2008 |place=Stockholm}}{{Dead link|date=January 2020|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}, p. 35-36</ref> For 2008, dem report serious water shortages for Accra because power outages affect two water treatment plants.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|last=Benson|first=Ivy|title=Government maintains Aqua Vitens deal...to manage water supply in the country|newspaper=The Ghanaian Chronicle|date=12 March 2008|access-date=27 March 2008|url=http://db.ghanaian-chronicle.com/thestory.asp?id=5993}}{{Dead link|date=January 2020|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}.</ref> De management contract expire for June 2011 den dem no renew am, after e achieve only part of ein objectives. For rural areas, de powers den resources of District Assemblies become stronger through de Local Government Service Act 656 of 2003. De Act transfer de power to appoint, promote den discipline civil servants from de national government give de District Assemblies. For 2006, dem create Districts Development Fund to channel central government den donor funds to District Assemblies in transparent den effective way. For 2009, dem create Environmental, Health den Sanitation Directorate insyd de Ministry of Local Government den Rural Development to put more focus on sanitation. As part of dis effort, dem launch programme to eliminate open defecation through community-led total sanitation.<ref name=":4" /> == Responsibility for water supply den sanitation == {{Main|Water privatisation in Ghana|l1=Water privatization in Ghana}} [[File:Pra_River.gif|thumb|372x372px|De [[Pra River (Ghana)|Pra River]] system of de [[List of rivers of Ghana|rivers of Ghana]].]] According to sam multi-donor review of Ghana ein water supply sector, ebe "quite well structured", plus de government wey dey charge of policy den regulation, while de private sector den communities play important roles in service delivery.<ref name="MDG">AMCW/AfDB/EUWI/WSP/UNDP: [https://web.archive.org/web/20080227155149/http://www.wsp.org/filez/news/27200752243_MDGsAfrica.pdf Getting Africa on Track to meet the MDGs on Water and Sanitation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080227155149/http://www.wsp.org/filez/news/27200752243_MDGsAfrica.pdf|date=27 February 2008}} – A Status Overview of Sixteen African Countries, 2006, p. 27</ref> De institutional framework for sanitation be much less clear, plus responsibilities no be clear. === Policy den regulation === For now, several institutions dey exist to supervise den regulate water supply den sanitation. De policy framework dey based on de Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy (GPRS).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Water-Aid Ghana |year=2005 |title=Assessment of national sanitation policies: Ghana case. Final report. |url=http://wedc.lboro.ac.uk/projects/proj_contents0/WEJEH%20-%20Sanitation%20Policy/www/outputs/Ghana%20Sanitation%20Policy%20Assessment%20Report.pdf |access-date=26 March 2008 |location=Accra}}, p. 28–29</ref> General policies for de water sector, both for rural den urban areas, dey set by de Water Directorate insyd de Ministry of Water Resources, Works den Housing (MWRWH). Plus dat, de ministry dey seek funding from external support agencies, monitor de sector den advise de Cabinet on water matters.<ref name="wateraid 52">{{cite web |last=WaterAid |author-link=WaterAid |title=National Water Sector Assessment, Ghana |url=http://www.wateraid.org/other/startdownload.asp?DocumentID=28&mode=plugin |access-date=26 March 2008 |format=[[PDF]]}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}, p. 5</ref> De Water Sector Restructuring Secretariat, wey dem create for 1997 insyd de Ministry of Water Resources, Works den Housing, dey oversee de process of private sector participation for de water sector.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Doe |first=Henry Wonder |year=2007 |title=Assessing the Challenges of Water Supply in. Urban Ghana: The case of North Teshie. (EESI Master Thesis) |url=http://www.lwr.kth.se/Publikationer/PDF_Files/LWR_EX_07_06.PDF |publisher=Department of Land and Water Resources Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) |access-date=27 March 2008 |place=Stockholm}}{{Dead link|date=January 2020|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}, p. 33</ref> De Ministry of Local Government den Rural Development also share responsibility plus MWRWH for setting sanitation policies den coordinating funding for de sanitation sub-sector. Government dey promote decentralization, so dem expect Metropolitan, Municipal den District Assemblies to implement sanitation policies. To enforce environmental quality laws, de Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under de Ministry of Environment den Science suppose assess de impact of sanitation development activities on de environment. To solve de problem of poor coordination among de many institutions for de sector, de Minister of Water Resources, Works den Housing, Abubakar Saddique Boniface, launch de National Water Policy (NWP) for February 2008. De policy cover water resources management, water supply den sanitation. Although de sector make some progress, lack of coordination for policy formulation result insyd many different implementation strategies. De main aim of de NWP be to create one comprehensive policy for de sector den make am easier for development partners to provide de necessary support for de water sector.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Appiah|first=Innocent|title=Govt tackles water issue|newspaper=[[Ghanaian Times]]|date=28 February 2008|url=http://www.newtimesonline.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=14378&Itemid=181&month=2&year=2008}}{{dead link|date=February 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> De Water Resources Commission (WRC) start preparing de NWP since 2002. === Illegal mining activities den water supply === Lands Minister, Samuel Abu Jinapor re-assure de general public say Ghana ein water supply be safe den consumable despite massive concerns of illegal mining activities wey dey impact natural water bodies insyd de country.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 October 2024 |title=Lands Minister Jinapor Defends Ghana's Water Supply Amidst Galamsey Concerns |url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/blogs/godblessed/Lands-Minister-Jinapor-Defends-Ghana-s-Water-Supply-Amidst-Galamsey-Concerns-244 |access-date=9 October 2024 |website=Ghana Web}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=New water policy to address 'galamsey' menace – Sanitation Ministry |url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/new-water-policy-to-address-galamsey-menace-sanitation-ministry/ |access-date=16 October 2024}}</ref> ===Service provision=== ==== Urban areas ==== De [[Ghana Water Company]] Ltd. (GWCL) be responsible for providing, distributing, den conserving water for domestic, public, den industrial purposes insyd 82 urban systems insyd localities plus more than 5,000 inhabitants. Local private companies wey dey charge of [[Water meter|meter]] installation, customer billing, den revenue collection.<ref name="wateraid 19">{{Cite web |last=Water-Aid Ghana |year=2005 |title=Assessment of national sanitation policies: Ghana case. Final report. |url=http://wedc.lboro.ac.uk/projects/proj_contents0/WEJEH%20-%20Sanitation%20Policy/www/outputs/Ghana%20Sanitation%20Policy%20Assessment%20Report.pdf |access-date=26 March 2008 |location=Accra}}, p. 19</ref> Urban sanitation be responsibility of local governments.<ref>{{Cite web |title=RUAF Ghana Sanitation Report |url=http://www.ruaf.org/system/files?file=Chap6-Sanitation.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725133727/http://www.ruaf.org/system/files?file=Chap6-Sanitation.pdf |archive-date=25 July 2011 |access-date=13 April 2008}}</ref> ==== Rural areas ==== [[File:Ghana_-_Victory_Pump.jpg|thumb|300x300px|A [[rope pump]] close to [[Paga]], Upper East Region]] De Community Water den Sanitation Agency (CWSA) be de institution wey dey in charge of coordinating den facilitating de implementation of de National Community Water den Sanitation Programme (NCWSP) for rural areas. De programme dey carried out directly by de communities den their District Assemblies. De NCWSP focus on three main objectives to improve health: safe water supply, hygiene education den improved sanitation.<ref>{{cite web |last=Community Water and Sanitation Agency (CWSA) |date=August 2004 |title=Strategic Investment Plan 2005 – 2015 |url=http://www.cwsagh.org/documents/SIP_2005-2015.pdf |access-date=26 March 2008}}{{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, p. 15</ref> Dem create de CWSA for 1994 under de framework of Ghana ein decentralization policy, den e become autonomous for 1998. De institution no dey directly construct, operate or maintain water supply den sanitation facilities. Instead, ein role be to coordinate de work of different actors wey dey provide de services for rural areas, including public sector organizations, local beneficiary communities, private sector organizations den NGOs. CWSA also suppose make sure say financial support from development partners dey used effectively den say hygiene education dey provided. De agency get ten regional offices apart from ein head office for Accra.<ref name="CWSA 9-11">{{cite web |last=Community Water and Sanitation Agency (CWSA) |date=August 2004 |title=Strategic Investment Plan 2005 – 2015 |url=http://www.cwsagh.org/documents/SIP_2005-2015.pdf |access-date=26 March 2008}}{{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}, p. 9-11</ref> For communities wey get less than 5,000 people, de water supply systems dey owned den managed by de communities themselves based on demand. According to de NCWSP, dis systems no dey receive any cross-subsidies, den District Assemblies dey pay 5% of de investment costs.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nyarko |first=Kwabena Biritwum |title=Water Resources of Arid and Semi Arid Regions, International Conference |publisher=Taylor and Francis Group |year=2004 |isbn=0-415-35913-9 |editor-last=Chaoka |editor-first=T. R. |place=London |pages=217–226 |contribution=Institutional challenges for small towns' water supply delivery in Ghana |display-editors=etal}}, p. 217–218.</ref> Communities for rural areas den small towns dey elect gender-balanced water den sanitation boards made up of volunteers, including one or two village-based caretakers wey receive special training for repairs den maintenance.<ref name="wateraid 522">{{cite web |last=WaterAid |author-link=WaterAid |title=National Water Sector Assessment, Ghana |url=http://www.wateraid.org/other/startdownload.asp?DocumentID=28&mode=plugin |access-date=26 March 2008 |format=[[PDF]]}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}, p. 5</ref><ref name="wedc 2">{{cite journal |last=Komives |first=K. |author2=Akanbang, B. |author3=Thorsten, R. |author4=Tuffuor, B. |author5=Wakeman, Wasser. |author6=Larbi, E. |author7=Bakalian, A |author8=Whittington, D. |year=2008 |title=Post-construction Support and the Sustainability of Rural Water Projects in Ghana |journal=Paper Presented at the 33rd WEDC International Conference – Access to Sanitation and Safe Water: Global Partnerships and Local Actions |location=Accra}}, p. 2</ref> De communities fit contract private companies or NGOs to provide technical assistance, goods or services.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Water-Aid Ghana |year=2005 |title=Assessment of national sanitation policies: Ghana case. Final report. |url=http://wedc.lboro.ac.uk/projects/proj_contents0/WEJEH%20-%20Sanitation%20Policy/www/outputs/Ghana%20Sanitation%20Policy%20Assessment%20Report.pdf |access-date=26 March 2008 |location=Accra}}, p. 31</ref> Local companies dey drill boreholes den build hand-dug wells, den local artisans dey provide household latrines.<ref name="wateraid 192">{{Cite web |last=Water-Aid Ghana |year=2005 |title=Assessment of national sanitation policies: Ghana case. Final report. |url=http://wedc.lboro.ac.uk/projects/proj_contents0/WEJEH%20-%20Sanitation%20Policy/www/outputs/Ghana%20Sanitation%20Policy%20Assessment%20Report.pdf |access-date=26 March 2008 |location=Accra}}, p. 19</ref> De maintenance units of CWSA don be privatized, den de regional companies wey come out from dis process now dey carry out major repairs on behalf of District Assemblies. Area mechanics dey handle minor repairs.<ref name="KfW RWS">{{cite web |last=KfW Entwicklungsbank |title=Ghana: Rural Water Supply I -II Ex post evaluation, 2005 |url=http://www.kfw-entwicklungsbank.de/ebank/EN_Home/Evaluation/Ex-post_evaluation_reports/PDF-Dokumente_E-K/Ghana_Laendl__WV_I__II_e.pdf |access-date=19 August 2012}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> De communities ein water den sanitation boards dey receive technical assistance from District Water den Sanitation Teams (DWST), wey ideally suppose include engineer, hygiene expert den community mobilizer.<ref name="wedc 2" /> However, for some districts, these teams weak well well, so de regional teams of CWSA sometimes dey provide direct support to de local water den sanitation boards instead.<ref name="WB SRWSP">{{cite web |last=World Bank |title=Project Appraisal Document: Sustainable Water Supply and Sanitation Project, 28 May 2010 |url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2010/06/07/000333037_20100607005153/Rendered/PDF/546720PAD0P120101Official0Use0Only1.pdf |access-date=19 August 2012}}</ref> === Oda stakeholders === De Ghana Coalition of NGOs insyd Water den Sanitation (CONIWAS), wey dem create insyd 2001, " dey work insyd partnership plus sector players so say dem go influence policies, remove barriers den promote access to potable water, sanitation den improve hygiene give de poor den vulnerable." According to de coalition, say you go give NGOs one voice for advocacy den lobbying be one of ein major benefits.<ref>[http://www.water-mwrwh.com/sub.htm#top CONIWAS]{{Dead link|date=August 2025|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> '''Innovations for Poverty Action''' Dem form [[Innovations for Poverty Action]] (IPA) insyd 2002 as research den policy non-profit organization wey dey aim say ego discover denpromote effective solutions give global poverty issues. IPA dey recruit researchers den decision-makers make dem measure de impact of different interventions for areas like agriculture, education, health, financial inclusion, governance, peace den recovery, small den medium enterprises, den social protection across 18 country programmes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 August 2015 |title=Research {{!}} Innovations for Poverty Action |url=http://www.poverty-action.org/research |access-date=8 May 2016 |website=www.poverty-action.org}}</ref> So say dem go achieve dis, dem dey conduct Randomized Control Trials (RCTs) den other forms of qualitative research, wey dey include de Clean Water insyd Northern Ghana research study.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 February 2015 |title=What We Do {{!}} Innovations for Poverty Action |url=http://www.poverty-action.org/about/what-we-do |access-date=8 May 2016 |website=www.poverty-action.org}}</ref> Dis study dey assess whether households for Northern Ghana willing to buy de Kosim filter wey Pure Home Water (PHW), one Ghana-based NGO, dey sell. De study sana dey aim say ego measure de health effects of household-level water treatment for areas where de population get high risk of waterborne diseases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 April 2015 |title=Clean Water in Northern Ghana {{!}} Innovations for Poverty Action |url=http://www.poverty-action.org/study/clean-water-northern-ghana |access-date=8 May 2016 |website=www.poverty-action.org}}</ref> '''Pure Home Water''' Pure Home Water (PHW) be Ghana-based NGO den social enterprise.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pure Home Water, Tamale, Ghana. 2013. |url=http://hwts.web.unc.edu/files/2014/08/2013Accra_Day1_11_Jackson.pdf}}</ref> Dem found am for 2005, den de purpose be make e manufacture ceramic pot water filters for de northern city of Tamale, Ghana. PHW get two main goals: to provide support to people wey need safe drinking water, sanitation den hygiene (WASH) pass for Northern Ghana, den sana say ego cam turn financially den locally self-sustaining. Dem achieve dis by say dem go provide training den monitoring de correct, consistent den continuous (3Cs) use of de AfriClay filter. Dem sana dey build den distribute hand-washing stations den sanitation facilities across villages for de Northern Region. PHW be partner organization of Innovations for Poverty Action.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2015 |title=Pure Home Water {{!}} Innovations for Poverty Action |url=http://www.poverty-action.org/organization/pure-home-water |access-date=8 May 2016 |website=www.poverty-action.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pure Home Water |url=https://purehomewater.org/ |access-date=8 May 2016 |website=Pure Home Water |language=en-US}}</ref> '''Saha Global''' Saha Global (formerly known as Community Water Solutions) be nonprofit organization based for Boston, wey dem establish for 2008 to help meet de water den energy needs of Ghanaian communities for de Northern Region. Saha Global dey work say dem go empower shoddies for rural Ghanaian communities make dem provide access to clean water den electricity through business opportunities. Dem achieve dis by say dem go bring young leaders from different parts of de world come Ghana through de Global Leadership Program. While dem dey Ghana, de participants train local shoddies so say dem go build businesses wey fit generate income back into their communities. As of 2016, dem create 84 clean-water businesses den 20 solar-electric businesses plus support from Saha Global, den all of dem still dey operate fully up till dat time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saha Global |url=http://sahaglobal.org/ |access-date=7 May 2016 |website=sahaglobal.org}}</ref> '''Water.org''' [[Water.org]] be American den international nonprofit development aid organization wey dem design make e provide access to safe water den sanitation all over de world by introducing new den sustainable ways to solve global water crisis. Dem found dis organization for 1990 after two water NGOs merge: H2O Africa, wey [[Matt Damon]] co-found, den [[WaterPartners]], wey [[Gary White (environmentalist)|Gary White]] co-found. Through their work to make water den sanitation safe, easy to reach den cheap, Water.org don continue dey support more than four million lives around de world for over 25 years.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Us – Learn About Our Clean Water Solutions {{!}} Water.org |url=http://water.org/about/ |access-date=8 May 2016 |website=Water.org}}</ref> Right now, Water.org dey work for two rural areas for Ghana: Volta Region den Upper East Region. Dis districts be among de poorest for de country, with less than half of de population get small or no access to safe drinking water den fewer families get improved sanitation. Plus dat, rural communities for these regions dey suffer plenty from waterborne diseases like diarrhea. Water.org dey work together plus local communities den partner organizations like Rural Aid to build wells, latrines den biosand filters for Ghana, den also provide health den hygiene education.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ghana – Water Crisis {{!}} Water.org |url=http://water.org/country/ghana/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422112638/http://water.org/country/ghana/ |archive-date=22 April 2016 |access-date=8 May 2016 |website=Water.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Opportunity in Ghana |url=http://water.org/post/opportunity-in-ghana/ |access-date=8 May 2016 |website=Water.org}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist|2}} ==External links== {{Commons}} ===Policy setting=== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190926043318/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/2012-02-08-08-18-09/ministries/274-ministry-of-water-resources-works-housing Ghanaian Ministry of Water Resources, Works and Housing] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190926043318/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/2012-02-08-08-18-09/ministries/274-ministry-of-water-resources-works-housing |date=26 September 2019 }} ===Economic regulation=== * [http://www.purc.com.gh/ Ghanaian Public Utilities and Regulatory Commission (PURC)] ===Service provision=== * [http://www.cwsagh.org/ Community Water and Sanitation Agency] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110727204856/http://www.ghanawater.com.gh/ Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL)] * [http://waterinafrica.org/ Water In Africa Through Everyday Responsiveness, a nonprofit which installs boreholes throughout Ghana] [[Category:Water supply den sanitation insyd Ghana| ]] [[Category:Environment of Ghana]] [[Category:Environmental issues insyd Ghana]] [[Category:Volta River Authority]] [[Category:1994 establishments insyd Ghana]] itt6siz4tedmzg2idmdoo7hgh2svag2 0 7025 112525 66601 2026-09-25T02:00:32Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112525 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Natasha Louise Baker''' OBE (born 30 December 1989) be British para-equestrian<ref>[https://www.fei.org/athlete/10026121/BAKER-Natasha "Natasha Baker (10026121)"]. ''FEI.org''. Retrieved 30 July 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.gordonpoole.com/talent/natasha-baker/ "Natasha Baker OBE | Paralympic Equestrian Champ | Inspirational Speaker"]. ''Gordon Poole Agency''. Retrieved 30 July 2024.</ref> wey win 2 gold medals for de 2012 Summer Paralympics, 3 for de 2016 Summer Paralympics, den 1 more insyd de 2020 Summer Paralympics. == Ein life matter == Dem born Baker for 30 December 1989 insyd Hammersmith, London, England.<ref name=":0">[https://paralympics.org.uk/athletes/natasha-baker "Natasha Baker"]. British Paralympic Association. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240725232650/https://paralympics.org.uk/athletes/natasha-baker Archived] from the original on 25 July 2024. Retrieved 25 July 2024.</ref> For de age of 14 months she contract transverse myelitis, inflammation for ein spine wey na e affect ein nerve endings.<ref name=":1">Bhatia, Shekhar; Alexander, Harriet; Ensor, Josie; Malnick, Edward (1 September 2012). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/news/9515019/Paralympics-2012-Dressage-dream-realised-for-Natasha-Baker.html "Paralympics 2012: Dressage dream realised for Natasha Baker"]. ''The Telegraph''. London. Retrieved 3 September 2012.</ref> Na e lef am plus weakness den no feeling for ein legs insyd.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120202013101/http://www.equestrianteamgbr.co.uk/rider.aspx?rider=Natasha-Baker "Natasha Baker Para-Equestrian Dressage"]. Team GBR. Archived from [http://www.equestrianteamgbr.co.uk/rider.aspx?rider=Natasha-Baker the original] on 2 February 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2012.</ref><ref name=":2">[https://www.horseandhound.co.uk/tag/natasha-baker "Natasha Baker: British paralympic gold medalist para dressage rider"]. ''Horse & Hound''. Retrieved 30 July 2024.</ref> == Equestrianism == Natasha Baker begin riding horses as physiotherapists say e go help make e strengthen ein muscles.<ref name=":1" /> She start dey ride competitively for de age of nine for ein local Riding for the Disabled Association insyd Buckinghamshire.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160709032657/http://paralympics.org.uk/gb/athletes/natasha-baker "Natasha Baker"]. British Paralympic Association. Archived from [http://www.paralympics.org.uk/gb/athletes/natasha-baker the original] on 9 July 2016. Retrieved 3 September 2012.</ref> Whilst she dey watch de 2000 Summer Paralympics, for de age of ten, she decide she want make she compete insyd de Paralympics.<ref name=":0" /> As she dey lack strength for ein legs insyd she dey train ein horses make dem respond to ein voice den to movements she fi make insyd de saddle.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.paralympic.org/news/great-britain-s-natasha-baker-makes-all-right-sounds-horse-whisperer "Great Britain's Natasha Baker makes all the right sounds as 'horse whisperer'"]. International Paralympic Committee. 25 August 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221207171452/https://www.paralympic.org/news/great-britain-s-natasha-baker-makes-all-right-sounds-horse-whisperer Archived] from the original on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2024.</ref> She dey compete insyd de grade III Paralympic classification. Insyd 2011, she make ein first appearance for senior championships, wey she compete for de European Championships dem hold insyd Moorsele, Belgium, wer na she win gold medals insyd both de individual den freestyle grade II events.<ref name=":0" /> Na dem select am as part of de dressage squad give Great Britain for de 2012 Summer Paralympics dem hold insyd London, United Kingdom. Insyd de individual championship test grade II event Baker, riding Cabral, 11-year-old gelding, score 76.857% make she set fresh Paralympic record for de grade II classification wey she win de gold medal ahead of German defending champion Britta Napel wey win silver plus score of 76.000%.<ref>Topping, Alexandra (3 September 2012). [https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2012/sep/03/paralympics-2012-natasha-baker-gold?newsfeed=true "Paralympics 2012: Natasha Baker wins stunning second dressage gold"]. ''The Guardian''. London. Retrieved 3 September 2012.</ref><ref>Armytage, Marcus (1 September 2012). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/paralympic-sport/9514152/Paralympics-2012-GBs-Natasha-Baker-fends-off-strong-competition-to-narrowly-win-Grade-II-dressage-gold.html "Paralympics 2012: GB's Natasha Baker fends off strong competition to narrowly win Grade II dressage gold"]. ''The Telegraph''. London. Retrieved 3 September 2012.</ref> She win ein second gold medal of de Games insyd de individual freestyle test grade II. She set fresh Paralympic record of 82.800% as she beat second placed Napel by over 5%.<ref>Armytage, Marcus (3 September 2012). [https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20120904002916/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/paralympic-sport/9517455/Paralympics-2012-Natasha-Baker-wins-second-dressage-gold-medal-with-record-score-on-Cabral.html "Natasha Baker wins second Paralympic dressage gold medal with record score on Cabral"]. ''The Telegraph''. London. Archived from [https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20120904002916/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/paralympic-sport/9517455/Paralympics-2012-Natasha-Baker-wins-second-dressage-gold-medal-with-record-score-on-Cabral.html the original] on 4 September 2012. Retrieved 3 September 2012.</ref><ref>Hudson, Elizabeth (3 September 2012). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/disability-sport/19464257 "Paralympics 2012: Natasha Baker wins second equestrian gold"]. BBC Sport. Retrieved 3 September 2012.</ref> Na dem appoint Baker Member of de Order of de British Empire (MBE) insyd de 2013 New Year Honours for services to equestrianism den Officer of de Order of de British Empire (OBE) insyd de 2022 New Years Honours, sanso for ein services to equestrianism.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170806143120/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/60367/supplement/24 "No. 60367"]. ''The London Gazette'' (Supplement). 29 December 2012. p. 24.</ref><ref>[http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/sites/default/files/resources/NY2013-honours-London-2012.pdf "2013 New Year's Honours"] (PDF). Retrieved 29 December 2012.</ref><ref>[https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1059774/new-year-honours-2022.pdf "New Year Honours List for 2021"] (PDF). ''gov.uk''. Retrieved 29 April 2024.</ref> Na dem award am de Freedom of de Borough of Hillingdon insyd September 2012.<ref>Snowdon, Kathryn (13 September 2012). [https://www.hillingdontimes.co.uk/news/9927116.freedom-of-borough-for-hillingdon-paralympian-natasha/ "Freedom of borough for Hillingdon Paralympian Natasha"]. ''The Hillingdon and Uxbridge Times''. Retrieved 8 December 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.londonremembers.com/memorials/natasha-baker-freedom-of-the-borough "Natasha Baker - Freedom of the Borough"]. ''London Remembers''. 18 December 2012. Retrieved 8 December 2023.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240730103911/https://www.horseandrideruk.com/expert-advice/articles/10-things-you-didnt-know-about-natasha-baker/ "10 Things You Didn't Know About Natasha Baker"]. ''Horse and Rider''. Retrieved 30 July 2024.</ref> == Television Commentating == Baker commentate for Para Dressage top for de European Championships 2017 insyd Gothenburg alongsyd Rupert Bell.<ref>International Paralympic Committee. [https://www.paralympic.org/news/natasha-baker-competitor-commentator "Natasha Baker: From competitor to commentator"]</ref> She then go on go commentate for Western European League World Cup Dressage top later dat year wey she continue dey do so either as colour commentator anaa solo.<ref>Federation Equestre Internationale. [https://www.fei.org/stories/sport/dressage/natasha-baker-media-profile "Natasha's New Direction"]</ref> Na she sanso be part of de commentary team for de World Equestrian Games 2018 den de European Championships 2019 for Para Dressage den de World Cup Dressage Finals insyd 2018 & 2019.<ref name=":2" /> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://paralympics.org.uk/athletes/natasha-baker-mbe Natasha Baker MBE] at de British Paralympic Association * [https://www.paralympic.org/natasha-baker Natasha Baker] at de International Paralympic Committee [[Category:Human]] [[Category:1989 births]] [[Category:English female equestrians]] [[Category:British dressage riders]] [[Category:Paralympic equestrians for Great Britain]] [[Category:Paralympic gold medalists for Great Britain]] [[Category:Paralympic silver medalists for Great Britain]] [[Category:Equestrians at de 2012 Summer Paralympics]] [[Category:Equestrians at de 2016 Summer Paralympics]] [[Category:Equestrians at de 2020 Summer Paralympics]] [[Category:Medalists at de 2012 Summer Paralympics]] [[Category:Medalists at de 2016 Summer Paralympics]] [[Category:Medalists at de 2020 Summer Paralympics]] [[Category:People wey komot Hammersmith]] [[Category:Sportspeople wey komot de London Borough of Hammersmith den Fulham]] [[Category:Officers of de Order of the British Empire]] [[Category:Paralympic medalists insyd equestrian]] [[Category:Television presenters plus disabilities]] [[Category:21st-century British sportswomen]] lkxg5doiriyp9dxn6b28mqo3m3mzojd 0 7303 112516 107244 2026-09-25T01:45:30Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112516 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Marta Vieira da Silva''' (born 19 February 1986), dem know am as '''Marta''', be Brazilian professional footballer wey dey play as forward give de Orlando Pride insyd de National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) den de Brazil national team.<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marta "Marta | Biography & Facts | Britannica"]. ''www.britannica.com''. 31 July 2024. Retrieved 7 August 2024.</ref><ref>[https://artsandculture.google.com/story/meet-marta-the-record-breaking-brazilian-football-player/UAWxrX7MR4XIfg "Meet Marta: The Record-Breaking Brazilian Football Player"]. ''Google Arts & Culture''. Retrieved 7 August 2024.</ref> Dem widely dey regard Marta as one of de greatest female footballers of all time.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/aug/03/the-20-greatest-female-football-players-soccer "The 20 greatest female football players of all time"]. ''The Guardian''. 3 August 2016.</ref><ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20161013111955/http://www.sportsmuntra.com/10-best-female-footballers-time/ "10 Best Female Footballers of All Time"]. 27 October 2014.</ref><ref name=":2">[http://www.foxsports.com.au/football/womens-world-cup-2015-meet-marta-the-best-of-all-time-who-stands-in-the-way-of-australia/story-e6frf423-1227405275137 "Women's World Cup 2015: who is Marta, who is the greatest footballers of all time, Marta, Matildas - Fox Sports"]. ''www.foxsports.com.au''.</ref><ref name=":3">Panja, Tariq (8 June 2015). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-06-08/best-ever-female-player-marta-misses-out-on-soccer-s-millions "Best-Ever Female Player Marta Misses Soccer's Millions"]. ''Bloomberg''.</ref> Na dem name am FIFA World Player of de Year six times, five of them be consecutive (from 2006 thru 2010) den de latest award cam insyd 2018. Marta dey hold de record for Brazil ein top goalscorer plus 119 goals. Plus 17 goals, Marta sanso dey hold de record for most goals dem score insyd any World Cup, women’s anaa men's.<ref>[https://edition.cnn.com/2019/06/18/football/marta-brazil-italy-australia-jamaica-womens-world-cup-spt-intl/index.html "Marta: Brazil great makes history with 17th World Cup goal"]. ''CNN''. 18 June 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.france24.com/en/20190618-marta-record-17-world-cup-goals-brazil-italy "Marta scores record 17th World Cup goal as Brazil advance to knockouts"]. ''France 24''. 18 June 2019. Retrieved 29 June 2021.</ref> Moreover, na she be de first footballer of any gender make she score for five different World Cups,<ref name=":0">[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/48629040 "Women's World Cup: Marta has record to rival Brazil legends Ronaldo and Pele"]. ''BBC Sport''. 13 June 2019.</ref> feat match by Christine Sinclair insyd 2019 den Cristiano Ronaldo insyd 2022,<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/49925779 "Christine Sinclair: Canada striker beats all-time record"]. ''BBC Sport''. 30 January 2020.</ref> den sanso be de first footballer, female anaa male, make she score for five consecutive Olympic Games.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-olympics-2020-fbl-marta-idUSKBN2ER0ZS "Olympics: Soccer - Brazil's Marta scores in fifth Games running, Britain beat Chile"]. ''Reuters''. 21 July 2021. Retrieved 21 July 2021.</ref> Na she be member of de Brazilian national teams wey win de silver medal for de 2004 den 2008 Summer Olympics. Na den sanso award am de Golden Ball (MVP) for de 2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship wey she win both de Golden Ball award as de best player den de Golden Boot award as de top scorer insyd de 2007 Women's World Cup after she lead Brazil to de final of de tournament. For de club level, Marta win de UEFA Women's Cup for Swedish club Umeå IK insyd 2004 wey she win seven Swedish league championships during ein time dey play give various teams insyd de country. Insyd January 2013, na dem name am one of de six Ambassadors of de 2014 FIFA World Cup insyd Brazil, alongsyd Amarildo, Bebeto, Carlos Alberto Torres, Ronaldo den Mario Zagallo.<ref>FIFA.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090228213104/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/organisation/ambassador/overview.html "2018 FIFA World Cup Russia"]. ''www.fifa.com''. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/organisation/ambassador/overview.html the original] on 28 February 2009.</ref> She sanso appear insyd de Sveriges Television television documentary series ''The Other Sport'' from 2013. Insys August 2016, na Marta be one of de eight make dem carry de Olympic Flag insyd de Olympic Games for Rio de Janeiro insyd. Na dem appoint am by de Secretary-General of de United Nations as Sustainable Development Goals advocate. Insyd 2017, Marta receive Swedish citizenship wey now she get dual citizenship insyd both Brazil den Sweden.<ref>[https://www.sydsvenskan.se/2017-03-14/nu-ar-varldens-genom-tiderna-basta-fotbollsspelare-svensk-medborgare "Nu är världens genom tiderna bästa fotbollsspelare svensk medborgare"]. ''Sydsvenskan'' (insyd Swedish). 14 March 2017. Retrieved 2 August 2023.</ref> == Club career == === Career start === Na Brazilian female coach Helena Pacheco discover Marta wen na she be 14 years old. After she play give de CSA youth team, Marta start ein professional career for Vasco da Gama insyd 2000. After two years, na dem transfer am to Santa Cruz, small club insyd de state of Minas Gerais,<ref>[https://www.hojeemdia.com.br/esportes/com-passagem-por-clube-de-belo-horizonte-marta-%C3%A9-esperan%C3%A7a-da-sele%C3%A7%C3%A3o-feminina-1.402629/marta-na-%C3%A9poca-em-que-defendeu-o-santa-cruz-de-bh-1.402636 "Marta na época em que defendeu o Santa Cruz de BH"]. ''HOME''. 2 August 2016.</ref> wer na she go play for two more seasons, before she join Umeå IK of Sweden. === Umeå IK === Marta join Umeå IK before de 2004 season, during wich Umeå reach de final of de UEFA Women's Cup, wey win 8–0 for aggregate against Frankfurt, plus Marta score three goals over de two legs. Insyd de league, despite she amass total of 106 goals, wich na ebe 32 more dan de champions, Umeå fini second, Djurgården beat dem by single point. Marta score 22 league goals wey she get on de scoresheet top for de cup final against Djurgården, wey she score de goal per insyd 2–1 Umeå loss. Ein second season (2005) end plus Marta wey score 21 goals den Umeå win de league, wey go undefeated. Once again, na Djurgården beat Umeå insyd de cup, dem lose by score of 3–1 insyd de final, thus dem avenge 7–0 league defeat to Umeå sam three weeks earlier. Insyd 2006, Umeå san win de league widout losing, wey Marta, as insyd de previous year, na she be de league ein top scorer plus 21 goals. Umeå cruise to 11–1 aggregate win over Norwegian side Kolbotn FK insyd de UEFA Women's Cup, wey Marta score twice insyd both matches. For de third time for row, na she dey for de losing side top insyd de Swedish cup final wen na Linköpings FC defeat ein side 3–2. Na de 2007 season be relatively successful give Umeå, plus de club win both de league, for wich dem fini nine points ahead of Djurgården,<ref>[https://archive.today/20120912023220/http://www.svenskfotboll.se/t3damre.aspx?p=1408601&scr=table&ftid=643 "Tabell och resultat – Damallsvenskan"]. ''svenskfotboll.se'' (insyd Swedish). Svenska Fotbollförbundet. Archived from [http://www.svenskfotboll.se/t3damre.aspx?p=1408601&scr=table&ftid=643 the original] on 12 September 2012. Retrieved 13 January 2009.</ref> den de Swedish Cup, wey dem beat AIK 4–3 for match insyd wich Marta score hat-trick, de last (winning) goal dey cam three minutes from time. Marta score 25 goals insyd de league, wey dem fini one goal behind de top scorer Lotta Schelin.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071225070600/http://www.svenskfotboll.se/t2dam.aspx?p=287911 "Skytteliga 2007"]. ''svenskfotboll.se'' (insyd Swedish). Svenska Fotbollförbundet. Archived from [http://www.svenskfotboll.se/t2dam.aspx?p=287911 the original] on 25 December 2007. Retrieved 13 January 2009.</ref> Insyd de UEFA Women's Cup dem reach de final for de fourth time buh dem suffer disappointment, wey dem lose 1–0 on aggregate to Arsenal. De 2008 season see Umeå den Marta win anoda Swedish championship title. After de end of de season, speculation arise wey dey concern de future of Marta wey couple of months later, for de day of de FIFA World Player of the Year Awards insyd January 2009, Marta announce say she go play for de American side Los Angeles Sol for de next three years.<ref>Wåhlin, Johan (12 January 2009). [http://www.dn.se/DNet/jsp/polopoly.jsp?d=647&a=873009 "Marta bäst i världen – flyttar till LA"]. ''dn.se'' (in Swedish). Retrieved 13 January 2009.</ref> For de request of Marta, de Los Angeles side sanso purchase Johanna Frisk from Umeå IK,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081024002513/http://www.fotbollsexpressen.se/Internationell%2Bfotboll/1.1343544/martas-krav-till-usa-ta-med-frisk "Martas krav till USA: Ta med Frisk"] (insyd Swedish). Fotbollsexpressen.se. 23 October 2008. Archived from [http://www.fotbollsexpressen.se/Internationell%2Bfotboll/1.1343544/martas-krav-till-usa-ta-med-frisk the original] on 24 October 2008. Retrieved 7 April 2009.</ref> wich lead to report by Swedish TV4 sports presenter Patrick Ekwall dat na Marta den Frisk be lesbian couple.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20101113022029/http://arbetaren.se/articles/kultur20090120-4 "Ekwalls rekord"] (insyd Swedish). Arbetaren.se. 2 January 2009. Archived from [http://www.arbetaren.se/articles/kultur20090120-4 the original] on 13 November 2010. Retrieved 7 April 2009.</ref> Both players deny dis to be true.<ref>[https://www.aftonbladet.se/sportbladet/fotbollsbladet/sverige/damallsvenskan/article4172741.ab "Frisk: Vi är inget par"] (insyd Swedish). Aftonbladet.se. 13 January 2009. Retrieved 7 April 2009.</ref> Na Marta ein life den football prowess be depicted insyd de 2005 Swedish television documentary "Marta – Pelés kusin" ("Marta – Pelé ein cousin"). === Los Angeles Sol === [[File:Marta_star.jpg|left|thumb|Marta insyd 2009 WPS All-Stars match against Umeå IK.]] For de day dem name am FIFA World Player of the Year insyd January 2009, Marta announce say she go join Women's Professional Soccer (WPS) team Los Angeles Sol give de league ein inaugural season for three-year contract.<ref>[http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/sports_blog/2009/01/brazilian-stand.html "The Fabulous Forum"]. ''Los Angeles Times''. 12 January 2009.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090402071802/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/clubfootball/news/newsid=991996.html "Newly crowned Marta to join US league"]. FIFA. 12 January 2009. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/clubfootball/news/newsid=991996.html the original] on 2 April 2009. Retrieved 15 June 2012.</ref> Of ein signing, she say, "For me, the most important thing is to be in a place where the best players in the world are playing, and this is what they are trying to do here. The American League is being considered one of the best in the world, so I had to come now."<ref>[http://www.espnfc.com/news/story?id=625114&cc=5901 "Marta bringing star power to the L.A. Sol"]. ESPN. The Associated Press. 5 March 2009. Retrieved 24 April 2014.</ref> Na Marta be de league ein top scorer for de 2009 season plus ten goals den three assists.<ref>[http://bleacherreport.com/articles/312695-marta-marta-marta-sol-star-named-fifa-womens-player-of-the-year "Marta! Marta! Marta!: LA Sol Star Named FIFA Women's Player of the Year"]. Bleacher Report. 22 December 2009. Retrieved 24 April 2014.</ref> Na de Sol be regular season champions wey dem reach de WPS Championship Final, wer na e lost 1–0 to Sky Blue FC.<ref>Herbert, Steven (7 January 2010). [http://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/sports/LA-Sol-Loses-1-0-in-Womens-Pro-Soccer-Championship-Game-54184762.html "NJ Sky Blue Eclipse LA Sol 1–0 in Championship"]. NBC Los Angeles. Retrieved 24 April 2014.</ref> === Santos === During de off-season plus Los Angeles Sol, she sign three-month loan contract plus Santos make dem play insyd de Copa Libertadores den insyd de Copa do Brasil,<ref>Adilson Barros (1 August 2009). [http://globoesporte.globo.com/Esportes/Noticias/Times/Santos/0,,MUL1251318-9874,00-PEIXE+ANUNCIA+MARTA+QUE+DEVERA+RECEBER+A+CAMISA+DAS+MAOS+DE+PELE.html "Peixe anuncia Marta, que deverá receber a camisa 10 das mãos de Pelé"] (insyd Portuguese). GloboEsporte.com. Retrieved 5 August 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.womensprosoccer.com/Home/news/general/091009-off-season-loand.aspx womensprosoccer.com] [https://web.archive.org/web/20091019031514/http://www.womensprosoccer.com/Home/news/general/091009-off-season-loand.aspx Archived] 19 October 2009 at the Wayback Machine; International Report: WPS Stars Head Overseas in the Off-Season</ref> wey she help ein club win both competitions, wey she score goal insyd de Libertadores final den two insyd de Copa do Brasil final.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120227040321/http://esporte.ig.com.br/futebol/2009/10/18/sereias+da+vila+dao+show+e+santos+e+campeao+da+libertadores+8865945.html "'Sereias da Vila' dão show e Santos é campeão da Libertadores"] (insyd Portuguese). iG. 18 October 2009. [http://esporte.ig.com.br/futebol/2009/10/18/sereias+da+vila+dao+show+e+santos+e+campeao+da+libertadores+8865945.html Archived] from the original on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 2 December 2009.</ref><ref>[http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/esportes,santos-bate-botucatu-e-fatura-a-copa-do-brasil-feminina,475189,0.htm "Santos bate Botucatu e conquista a Copa do Brasil feminina"] (insyd Portuguese). Estadão. 1 December 2009. Retrieved 2 December 2009.</ref> === FC Gold Pride === [[File:Marta_at_2010_WPS_Championship_5.JPG|right|thumb|Marta dey play give FC Gold Pride for de 2010 WPS Championship]] Insyd January 2010, de Sol cease operations<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110130190134/http://www.foxnews.com/sports/2010/01/28/los-angeles-sol-wps-folds-season/ foxnews.com]; Los Angeles Sol of WPS folds after first season</ref> wey de rights to Marta, den ein teammates na dem make available insyd de 2010 WPS Dispersal Draft. Na de FC Gold Pride acquire de rights to Marta as dema first pick.<ref>"Four-Time FIFA World Player of the Year Marta to Join the Pride". ''FC Gold Pride''. 4 February 2010. Retrieved 1 April 2010.</ref> She appear insyd all of de Pride ein 24 games wey she score 19 goals, wey earn am de WPS MVP den WPS Golden Boot for de second year for row. Marta sanso appear insyd de WPS All-Star 2010, wer na she captain one of de teams as de top international vote-getter. She lead de Gold Pride to de regular-season championship wey she get two assists den goal insyd de WPS Championship against de Philadelphia Independence, wey earn am MVP honors.<ref>"Marta named MVP of 2010 WPS Championship". 27 September 2010. Retrieved 29 September 2010.</ref> She cam turn free agent after de Gold Pride folded for 17 November 2010. === Return to Santos === For 16 December 2010, Santos san present Marta. Na ebe two-month contract wey fi cam turn link of year, buh e no do. De board of directors confirm e dey finalize negotiations give de club to dispute de women's football league insyd de United States insyd 2011. However, under de competition regulation, de club go get five Brazilian players per – Marta den four. === Western New York Flash === For 25 January 2011, Marta join ein third WPS team insyd three years, de expansion team Western New York Flash, wey take over de third year of ein contract plus de Gold Pride.<ref>[http://www.womensprosoccer.com/Home/news/general/110125-wny-marta.aspx womensprosoccer.com] [https://web.archive.org/web/20110718075536/http://www.womensprosoccer.com/Home/news/general/110125-wny-marta.aspx Archived] 18 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine; Western New York Flash acquire Marta; 25 January 2011.</ref> Na Marta ein two goals den four assists be key part of de 3–0–1 start give de team ein 2011 season. Western New York Flash forward Marta help ein team to de Regular Season Championship title, wey she score ein tenth goal of de season insyd 2–0 victory over de Atlanta Beat for Sunday, en route to make she earn ein third consecutive PUMA Golden Boot award. De Brazilian soccer star edge out fellow Flash forward Christine Sinclair insyd de tiebreaker, she have greater production rate base for goals per game average.<ref>"Flash Forward Marta Captures Third Consecutive PUMA Golden Boot Award". ''svenskfotboll.se''. womensprosoccer. Retrieved 13 January 2009.</ref> === Tyresö FF === [[File:Marta_Vieira_da_Silva_2013.jpg|left|thumb|Marta insyd 2013]] As WPS cancell de 2012 season, Marta decide make she return to Damallsvenskan insyd Sweden. For 22 February 2012 she sign two-year contract plus Tyresö FF.<ref>[http://www.uefa.com/women/news/newsid=1757170.html "Marta returns to Sweden with Tyresö"]. UEFA. 22 February 2012. Retrieved 22 February 2012.</ref> Na ein extraordinary salary of about $400,000<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120427141751/http://bigapplesoccer.com/sections/wps2.php?article_id=29817 "Marta signs with Tyreso FF"]. bigapplesoccer.com. 22 February 2012. Archived from [http://www.bigapplesoccer.com/sections/wps2.php?article_id=29817 the original] on 27 April 2012. Retrieved 22 February 2012.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20221003075703/http://www.womenssoccerunited.com/profiles/blog/show?id=3074237%3ABlogPost%3A164624&commentId=3074237%3AComment%3A165526&xg_source=activity "Marta's agent in talks with four Swedish clubs Tyresö FF, Malmö, Linköping and Umeå"]. womenssoccerunited.com. 26 January 2012. Archived from [http://www.womenssoccerunited.com/profiles/blog/show?id=3074237%3ABlogPost%3A164624&commentId=3074237%3AComment%3A165526&xg_source=activity the original] on 9 February 2013. Retrieved 22 February 2012.</ref> per season dem pay by external sponsors wey e no be de club, ein owners state.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190409230855/https://www.womensoccer.de/2012/02/22/marta-wechselt-zu-tyreso-ff/ "Marta transfers to Tyresö FF"] (insyd German). womensoccer.de. 22 February 2012. Archived from [http://www.womensoccer.de/2012/02/22/marta-wechselt-zu-tyreso-ff/ the original] on 9 April 2019. Retrieved 22 February 2012.</ref> Tyresö win de Damallsvenskan title for de first time insyd de 2012 season den Marta collect ein fifth league winner's medal.<ref>Cleris, Johannes (3 November 2012). [http://www.dn.se/sport/fotboll/tyreso-vann-sm-guld-efter-dramatik/ "Tyresö vann SM-guld efter dramatik"]. ''Dagens Nyheter'' (insyd Swedish). Retrieved 27 June 2013.</ref> Marta score twice insyd Tyresö ein 4–3 defeat by Wolfsburg insyd de 2014 UEFA Women's Champions League Final.<ref>Saffer, Paul (22 May 2014). [http://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/season=2014/matches/round=2000498/match=2014107/postmatch/report/ "Müller the hero again as Wolfsburg win classic final"]. UEFA. Retrieved 22 June 2014.</ref> Na Tyresö suffer financial implosion insyd 2014 wey dem withdraw from de 2014 Damallsvenskan season, dey erase all dema results den dey make all dema players free agents. De Stockholm County Administrative Board publish de players dema salaries, wey dey show Marta be de highest earner for SEK 168 000 per month.<ref>Jönsson, Fredrik; Nordmark, Kajsa (5 June 2014). [https://www.aftonbladet.se/sportbladet/fotboll/sverige/damallsvenskan/article19010400.ab "Tyresö lämnar damallsvenskan"] (insyd Swedish). Aftonbladet. Retrieved 22 June 2014.</ref> As news of Tyresö ein financial difficulties spread, Marta link plus transfer to Avaldsnes IL. Buh de Norwegian Toppserien club ein chairmo warn say she go for take substantial pay cut.<ref>Bråstedt, Mats (8 April 2014). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190626203229/http://www.damfotboll.com/nyheter/2014/04/norsk-klubb-vill-ha-marta "Norsk klubb vill ha Marta"] (insyd Swedish). Damfotboll.com. Archived from [http://www.damfotboll.com/nyheter/2014/04/norsk-klubb-vill-ha-marta the original] on 26 June 2019. Retrieved 22 June 2014.</ref> Na dem sanso report Paris Saint-Germain Féminines approach Marta den Tyresö teammate Caroline Seger.<ref>Bråstedt, Mats (9 April 2014). [http://www.expressen.se/sport/fotboll/damallsvenskan/seger-och-marta-nara-en-flytt-till-paris-sg/ "Seger och Marta nära en flytt till Paris SG"] (insyd Swedish). Expressen. Retrieved 22 June 2014.</ref> === Rosengård === Insyd July 2014, she sign six-month contract plus defending champion FC Rosengård insyd Sweden.<ref>Kassouf, Jeff (21 July 2014). [https://equalizersoccer.com/2014/07/21/marta-signs-fc-rosengard-contract/ "Marta stays in Sweden, signs with FC Rosengård – Equalizer Soccer"].</ref> While plus de Swedish club, Marta win de Damallsvenskan league title insyd 2014 den 2015, de Svenska Cupen insyd 2016, den de Svenska Supercupen insyd 2015 den 2016. === Orlando Pride === After Rosengård lost to Barcelona insyd de quarterfinals of de UEFA Women's Champions League, Marta join Orlando Pride for free transfer from Rosengård, wich dem agree make dem terminate ein contract. Na ein fresh contract plus Orlando be for two years, plus de option for third.<ref>Wahl, Grant. [https://www.si.com/planet-futbol/2017/04/07/marta-orlando-pride-nwsl-brazil "Brazil star Marta signs with NWSL's Orlando Pride"]. ''SI.com''. Retrieved 20 May 2017.</ref> For ein first season for Orlando, she fini second insyd de league for both goals den assists wey na dem vote am MVP by ein teammates.<ref>[https://www.themaneland.com/2017/12/4/16731392/2017-orlando-pride-season-in-review-marta "2017 Orlando Pride Season in Review: Marta"]. ''The Mane Land''. Retrieved 13 May 2018.</ref> De Pride end de season insys third place wey earn dem dema first-ever playoff appearance wer na dem lost insyd de semi-finals to de Portland Thorns. Ahead of de 2022 season, na dem name Marta captain wey dey follow de offseason departure of Ashlyn Harris. She suffer ACL tear for ein left knee insyd for March 26 during de second game of de 2022 NWSL Challenge Cup wey na dem place am for de club ein season-ending injury list after surgery.<ref>[https://www.orlandocitysc.com/news/orlando-pride-forward-marta-placed-on-season-ending-injury-list "Orlando Pride forward Marta placed on Season Ending Injury list"]. ''www.orlandocitysc.com''.</ref> For 2 October 2023, Marta cam turn de first player make she reach 100 appearances for de Pride insyd 1–0 win over Angel City FC.<ref>[https://www.orlandocitysc.com/pride/news/martas-moments-a-look-at-the-orlando-pride-captain-s-top-moments-in-her-100-app "Marta's moments: A look at the Orlando Pride captain's top moments in her 100 appearances"]. ''www.orlandocitysc.com''.</ref> Insyd de first home game of de 2024 season, Marta score de equalizer insyd de 88th minute of de 1–1 draw plus Angel City.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240323084428/https://digitaledition.orlandosentinel.com/tribune/article_popover.aspx?guid=441788c0-8e17-4662-8dcb-d9ca6ba72ecf "Marta delivers late goal on free kick to help Pride come away with draw - Orlando Sentinel"]. ''digitaledition.orlandosentinel.com''. Retrieved 23 March 2024.</ref> Insyd de away game against Utah Royals, she score insyd de 68th minute of de 1–0 victory wey she claim Orlando Pride ein 200th goal.<ref>[https://kslsports.com/514974/utah-royals-orlando-pride-match-recap-april-2024/#:~:text=In%20the%2068th%20minute%2C%20Marta,midway%20through%20the%20second%20half.&text=Like%20the%20first%20half%2C%20both,45%20minutes%20of%20game%20time. "Utah Royals Shutout, Downed By Marta, Orlando Pride"]. 12 April 2024.</ref> == International career == For 26 July 2007, Marta den de Brazilian women's team beat de US U-20 national team make dem win de Pan American Games for de Estádio do Maracanã in front of crowd of 68,000. Na dem compare am, by de Brazilian fans, plus Brazilian great Pelé, dem dey bell am "Pelé with skirts." Pelé ein self agree plus de comparison. Marta say he bell am make he congratulate am for de win den dat na she be extremely happy make she hear dat one of de greatest players ever follow ein team's games.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080322070347/http://pan2007.globo.com/PAN/Noticias/0,,MUL78950-3873,00.html "GloboEsporte.com > Pan2007 > Futebol Pan2007 - NOTÍCIAS - Pelé diz que Marta é Pelé de saias"]. ''pan2007.globo.com''.</ref> Afterward, na dem record de imprint of her feet insyd cement for de stadium, wey make am de first woman make dem honor am. Marta participate insyd de 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup plus Brazil, wey stroll thru de group stage, wey dem win all three games plus Marta score four goals. Insyd de quarter-final, Brazil win 3–2 against Australia, plus Marta net from de penalty spot. Insyd de semi-final, Marta score twice Brazil win 4–0 against de United States— na de second goal she score spectacularly. Insyd de final, Brazil lost 2–0 to Germany. Marta get penalty kick dem save midway thru de second half, wich na e go tie de match. She fini de 2007 Women's World Cup as de winner of both de Golden Ball as de top individual player den de 'Golden Boot' as de competition ein top scorer plus seven goals. [[File:Marta2.png|right|thumb|Marta wear de Brazil number 10 during match insyd de 2007 Pan American Games]] Marta sanso play insyd de 2008 Summer Olympics, wey earn am silver medal. After ein personal duel insyd de final plus United States goalkeeper Hope Solo, 1–0 defeat consign Marta to ein third consecutive runners–up medal insyd major international tournaments.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110901015009/http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/07/10/156992.html "US women hope Solo keeps Brazil's Marta from finding the net"]. Al Arabiya. 10 July 2011. Archived from [http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/07/10/156992.html the original] on 1 September 2011. Retrieved 6 September 2011.</ref> Na Marta be part of de Brazil team for de 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup, wer de United States eliminate Brazil insyd de quarter-finals. She record four goals den two assists insyd de tournament make she move joint top of de all-time women's World Cup goalscorer list alongsyd Birgit Prinz for 14.<ref>[http://www.kansascity.com/2011/07/10/3005451/recap-brazil-vs-united-states.html "Recap: Brazil vs. United States"]. Retrieved 10 July 2011.</ref> E sanso earn am de Silver Boot as de tournament ein second-leading goal scorer. From ein first touch insyd de tournament against Australia, na Marta be heavily jeered by local den opposing fans.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110714060259/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gzpgy1H_NC_-LjrNHgwJakEJanaA?docId=CNG.011479171ac142806e7888ecf0eeb397.151 "Boos for Marta bemuse Brazil coach Lima"]. AFP. 10 July 2011. Archived from [https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gzpgy1H_NC_-LjrNHgwJakEJanaA?docId=CNG.011479171ac142806e7888ecf0eeb397.151 the original] on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 10 July 2011.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111010005315/http://www.tampabay.com/sports/solo-soars-as-marta-is-jeered/1179856 "Solo soars as Marta is jeered"]. ''St Petersburg Times''. 10 July 2011. Archived from [http://www.tampabay.com/sports/solo-soars-as-marta-is-jeered/1179856 the original] on 10 October 2011. Retrieved 10 July 2011.</ref> During ein fourth World Cup insyd 2015, Marta cam turn de all-time top scorer of de women's tournament plus 15 goals once she score de second goal insyd Brazil ein debut against South Korea.<ref>[http://esporte.uol.com.br/futebol/ultimas-noticias/2015/06/09/marta-faz-de-penalti-e-se-torna-a-maior-goleadora-da-historia-das-copas.htm Marta faz de pênalti e se torna a maior goleadora da história das Copas, Universo Online] (insyd Portuguese)</ref> Brazil lost to Australia insyd de round-of-16. During de 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup, she cam turn de first player, male anaa female, make she score for five FIFA World Cup tournaments wen she score penalty against Australia insyd Brazil ein second group game. Insyd de next match, she score anoda penalty, dis time against Italy, make she cam turn de outright goalscorer wey dey lead, male anaa female, for de World Cup plus 17 goals for total.<ref name=":0" /> After na dem knock Brazil out by hosts France insyd de Round of 16,<ref>Fisher, Bethany (2 August 2023). [https://herfootballhub.com/jamaica-south-africa-world-cup-brazil-marta-farewell/ "Jamaica and South Africa make World Cup history, Marta bids an emotional farewell"]. ''Her Football Hub''. Retrieved 24 October 2023.</ref> Marta give emotional interview to television cameras wer na she plead plus Brazilian girlies make dem continue de legacy of ageing legends such as ein self, Formiga, den Cristiane. She implore dem make dem "value [women's football] more" den make dem "cry at the beginning so you can smile at the end." Na de interview go viral during de tournament, plus videos get tens of thousands of retweets for Twitter top.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48739925 "Brazil's Marta gives emotional speech to next generation"]. ''BBC Sport''. BBC. 23 June 2019. Retrieved 24 June 2019.</ref> For dat period of time, Marta enter top 10 de most popular footballer insyd de global ranking of de Wikipedia. For 21 July 2021, she score twice insyd 5–0 win against China make she cam turn de first player make she score for five straight Olympics insyd.<ref>[https://edition.cnn.com/2021/07/21/sport/marta-formiga-brazil-2020-tokyo-olympics-china-spt-intl/index.html "Brazil football legends Marta and Formiga create Olympic history"]. ''CNN''. 21 July 2021.</ref> For 26 April 2024, Marta announce ein retirement from international football dey follow de [[Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics|2024 Summer Olympics]].<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/brazil-great-marta-retire-international-football-end-year-2024-04-26/ "Brazil great Marta to retire from international football at end of year"]. ''Reuters''. 26 April 2024. Retrieved 26 April 2024.</ref><ref>Fisher, Bethany (2 August 2023). [https://herfootballhub.com/jamaica-south-africa-world-cup-brazil-marta-farewell/ "Jamaica and South Africa make World Cup history, Marta bids an emotional farewell"]. ''Her Football Hub''. Retrieved 6 August 2024.</ref> Na dem send am off insyd de first half stoppage time of Brazil ein final group play match against Spain, wey lef am ineligible give dema quarter-final match against France. == Style of play == [[File:Football_against_poverty_2014_-_Marta.jpg|right|thumb|Marta dey play insyd de Match Against Poverty insyd March 2014]] Small, quick, yet sturdy den tenacious player,<ref>Stephanie Nolen (14 June 2015). [https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/soccer/a-vicious-circle-plagues-the-world-of-womens-soccer-in-brazil/article24954058/ "A 'vicious circle' plaguing the world of women's soccer in Brazil"]. ''The Globe and Mail''. Retrieved 16 January 2016.</ref> wey dem dey regard am by chaw people insyd de sport as de greatest female footballer of all time, Marta be renowned for ein flair, quick feet, den exceptional skill for de ball top, wich earn am comparisons plus Ronaldinho,<ref>[https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/sports/2006-12/21/content_764247.htm "Marta inspired by Ronaldinho"]. ''www.chinadaily.com.cn''.</ref> Romário,<ref name=":4">Alex Bellos (3 June 2007). [https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2007/jun/03/womensfootball.football "Chilled to perfection"]. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 15 January 2016.</ref> den sanso [[Pelé]], wey ein self dubb am as ''Pelé with skirts''.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140326144433/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/international-athletes/9427375/Marta-Vieira-da-Silva-Marta.html "Marta Vieira da Silva (Marta)"]. ''The Telegraph''. Archived from [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/international-athletes/9427375/Marta-Vieira-da-Silva-Marta.html the original] on 26 March 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2016.</ref> For addition to ein vision den technical skills,<ref name=":4" /> dem sanso know Marta for ein pace wen she dey dribble at speed.<ref name=":4" /><ref>Bonnie D. Ford (10 June 2015). [https://www.espn.com/espnw/news-commentary/2015worldcup/story/_/id/13041656/women-world-cup-marta-quest-soccer-glory "Marta's quest for soccer glory"]. ESPN. Retrieved 15 January 2016.</ref><ref name=":6">Joanne C. Gerstner (24 June 2011). [https://www.espn.com/espnw/news/story/_/id/6696649/ten-watch-2011-women-world-cup "Ten to watch in Women's World Cup"]. ESPN. Retrieved 15 January 2016.</ref> Marta be capable make she play insyd chaw offensive positions: she begin ein career insyd offensive midfield role as classic number 10,<ref name=":5">Michael T. Shepard (25 September 2003). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/2003/09/25/brazils-marta-is-a-10/7b15ba31-ab88-494a-952d-a92239e33e2a/ "Brazil's Marta Is a 10"]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved 15 January 2016.</ref><ref>Paul Saffer (22 April 2007). [http://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/newsid=530128.html "Marta ready to work for Umeå"]. UEFA.com. Retrieved 15 January 2016.</ref> although na dem later deploy am insyd more advanced role,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160215061248/http://www.fifa.com/womens-football/news/y=2014/m=7/news=marta-makes-latest-swedish-move-2407799.html "Marta makes latest Swedish move"]. FIFA.com. 24 July 2014. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/womens-football/news/y=2014/m=7/news=marta-makes-latest-swedish-move-2407799.html the original] on 15 February 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.</ref> both as supporting forward<ref>Wade, Stephen (27 September 2007). [https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/international/usa-0-brazil-4-martas-masterclass-humbles-us-403718.html "USA 0 Brazil 4: Marta's masterclass humbles US"]. ''The Independent''. Retrieved 15 January 2016.</ref> den as main striker,<ref>Reem Abulleil (21 May 2015). [https://news.yahoo.com/interview-marta-aiming-end-her-010200417.html "INTERVIEW: Brazil striker Marta aiming to end her long wait for World Cup glory"]. Yahoo.com. Retrieved 16 January 2016.</ref> anaa even for de wing top, position wich dey allow am make she cut into de middle den shoot for goal plus ein stronger left foot.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /><ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/football/2007/sep/27/newsstory.sport "US women crash out of World Cup 4–0 to Brazil"]. ''The Guardian''. 27 September 2007. Retrieved 16 January 2016.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160804012854/http://www.ottawasun.com/2011/07/03/marta-leads-brazil-into-quarters "Marta leads Brazil into quarters"]. The Ottawa Sun. 3 July 2011. Archived from [http://www.ottawasun.com/2011/07/03/marta-leads-brazil-into-quarters the original] on 4 August 2016. Retrieved 16 January 2016.</ref> Although dem primarily know am for ein creativity, chance creation, den ability make she play off of ein teammates as advanced playmaker,<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":6" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160215061248/http://www.fifa.com/womens-football/news/y=2004/m=10/news=2003-magical-marta-ups-the-tempo-the-states-94471.html "2003: Magical Marta ups the tempo in the States"]. FIFA.com. 15 October 2004. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/womens-football/news/y=2004/m=10/news=2003-magical-marta-ups-the-tempo-the-states-94471.html the original] on 15 February 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.</ref><ref>Jeff Carlisle (9 July 2011). [https://www.espn.com/sports/soccer/news/_/columnist/carlisle_jeff/id/6745985/us-defeat-marta-co "Will the U.S. defeat Marta & Co.?"]. ESPN. Retrieved 15 January 2016.</ref> Marta be prolific goalscorer, wey be renowned for ein striking ability;<ref>Hughes, Rob (11 January 2011). [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/12/sports/soccer/12iht-SOCCER12.html?_r=0 "The Best Player on Earth Is Looking for a Job"]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved 15 January 2016.</ref> she sanso be accurate from penalties den set-pieces.<ref>Paolo Bandini (10 July 2011). [https://www.theguardian.com/football/2011/jul/10/brazil-usa-live-womens-world-cup "Brazil v USA – as it happened]". ''The Guardian''. Retrieved 16 January 2016.</ref> For addition to ein footballing abilities, Marta sanso stand out give ein leadership.<ref>Bobby Ilich (6 December 2015). [http://www.ibtimes.com/womens-world-cup-2015-one-foreign-soccer-player-stands-out-above-rest-get-know-1965166 "Women's World Cup 2015: One Foreign Soccer Player Stands Out Above The Rest – Get To Know Brazil's Marta"]. ''International Business Times''. Retrieved 16 January 2016.</ref> == Ein life matter == Marta get three siblings, José, Valdir, den Angela. Ein parents be Aldário den Tereza. Ein poppie lef de family while na Marta be baby.<ref>[https://www.theplayerstribune.com/articles/marta-brazil-letter-to-my-younger-self "Letter to My Younger Self - By Marta"]. ''The Players' Tribune''. 24 August 2017.</ref> Insyd 2010, na dem name Marta United Nations Development Programme goodwill ambassador<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121104124454/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2010/soccer/10/11/marta.un.ap/index.html "Brazilian star Marta to be UN goodwill ambassador"]. SI.com. 11 October 2010. Archived from [http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2010/soccer/10/11/marta.un.ap/index.html the original] on 4 November 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2010.</ref> den insyd 2018 UN Women goodwill ambassador.<ref>[https://www.unwomen.org/en/partnerships/goodwill-ambassadors/marta-vieira-da-silva "Marta Vieira da Silva"]. ''UN Women''. Retrieved 6 February 2024.</ref> Marta be fluent insyd Portuguese, Swedish den English.<ref>L. Jones, Grahame (25 February 2009). [http://articles.latimes.com/2009/feb/25/sports/sp-marta25 "Marta has come a long way, takes on new challenge in U.S."] ''Los Angeles Times''. Retrieved 21 September 2018.</ref> She be Catholic wey dey state say God be very important to am, although she no dey go church often.<ref>[http://www.womenssoccerunited.com/abbey-road-sunday-guest-marta-vieira-da-silva-english-translation/ "Abbey Road – Sunday Guest Marta Vieira Da Silva (English Translation)"]. Women's Soccer United. 27 February 2012. Retrieved 11 June 2015.</ref> Insyd 2016, na dem list am as one of BBC ein 100 Women.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-38012048 "BBC 100 Women 2016: Who is on the list?"]. ''BBC News''. 21 November 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2019.</ref> Insyd March 2017, Marta receive Swedish citizenship. She retain ein Brazilian citizenship den, she already cap by Brazil; e no make am eligible make she represent Sweden.<ref>Svensson, Elin Öhlund (14 March 2017). [https://www.aftonbladet.se/a/9aM7p "Rosengårds Marta Da Silva svensk medborgare"] [Rosengård's Marta Da Silva Swedish citizen]. ''Aftonbladet'' (insyd Swedish). Retrieved 7 May 2021.</ref> She gain U.S. green card insyd February 2021, wey dey give am permanent residency status wey sanso dey qualify am as domestic player give NWSL roster purposes.<ref>[https://www.orlandocitysc.com/post/2021/02/17/brazilian-legend-marta-orlando-pride-agree-new-contract "Brazilian Legend Marta, Orlando Pride Agree to New Contract"]. ''www.orlandocitysc.com''.</ref> == Career statistics == === Club === : ''As of 14 April 2024'' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+Appearances den goals by club, season den competition ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Club ! rowspan="2" scope="col" |Season ! colspan="3" scope="col" |League ! colspan="2" scope="col" |Cup ! colspan="2" scope="col" |Continental ! colspan="2" scope="col" |Total |- ! scope="col" |Division ! scope="col" |Apps ! scope="col" |Goals ! scope="col" |Apps ! scope="col" |Goals ! scope="col" |Apps ! scope="col" |Goals ! scope="col" |Apps ! scope="col" |Goals |- |Los Angeles Sol |2009 |WPS |20 |10 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |20 |10 |- |Santos |2009 |Série A | colspan="2" |– |7 |18 |6 |7 |13 |25 |- |Gold Pride |2010 |WPS |25 |20 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |25 |20 |- |Santos |2011 |Série A | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |4 |2 |4 |2 |- |Western New York Flash |2011 |WPS |15 |10 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |15 |10 |- | rowspan="3" |Tyresö |2012 | rowspan="6" |Damallsvenskan |21 |12 |4 |4 | colspan="2" |– |25 |16 |- |2013 |15 |12 |1 |1 |8 |7 |24 |20 |- |2014 |2 |3 |1 |1 | colspan="2" |– |3 |4 |- | rowspan="3" |Rosengård |2014 |9 |5 |5 |2 |6 |4 |20 |11 |- |2015 |21 |8 |5 |5 |6 |5 |32 |18 |- |2016 |19 |13 |4 |0 |6 |0 |29 |13 |- | rowspan="8" |Orlando Pride |2017 | rowspan="8" |NWSL |24 |13 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |24 |13 |- |2018 |17 |4 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |17 |4 |- |2019 |14 |6 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |14 |6 |- |2020 |4 |0 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |4 |0 |- |2021 |19 |4 |4 |0 | colspan="2" |– |23 |4 |- |2022 |0 |0 |2 |0 | colspan="2" |– |2 |0 |- |2023 |18 |4 |0 |0 | colspan="2" |– |18 |4 |- |2024 |4 |2 | colspan="2" |– | colspan="2" |– |4 |2 |- ! colspan="3" |Career total !247 !126 !33 !31 !36 !25 !316 !182 |} # '''^''' NWSL Fall Series == Honours == [[File:Football_against_poverty_2014_-_Marta_(2).jpg|right|thumb|Marta during de 2014 Match Against Poverty insyd Bern, Switzerland]] '''Umeå IK''' * Damallsvenskan: 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008<ref name=":7">[https://www.uefa.com/womenschampionsleague/news/0238-0e167cb9c836-242258439f23-1000--how-brilliant-is-marta/ "How brilliant is Marta?"]. ''UEFA.com''. 7 April 2017.</ref> * Svenska Cupen: 2007<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20231022075523/https://www.svenskfotboll.se/matchfakta/aik-umea-ik-svenska-cupen-damer/719751/ "AIK - Umeå IK - Matchfakta - Svensk fotboll"]. ''www.svenskfotboll.se'' (insyd Swedish).</ref> * UEFA Women's Cup: 2003–04;<ref name=":7" /> runner-up: 2006–07, 2007–08<ref name=":7" /> '''Santos''' * Copa Libertadores de Fútbol Femenino: 2009<ref name=":7" /> * Copa do Brasil de Futebol Feminino: 2009<ref name=":7" /> '''FC Gold Pride''' * WPS Championship: 2010<ref name=":7" /> '''Western New York Flash''' * WPS Championship: 2011<ref name=":7" /> '''Tyresö FF''' * Damallsvenskan: 2012<ref name=":7" /> * UEFA Women's Champions League runner-up: 2013–14<ref name=":7" /> '''FC Rosengård''' * Damallsvenskan: 2014, 2015<ref name=":7" /> '''Brazil''' * Pan American Games: 2003, 2007<ref name=":7" /> * Sudamericano Femenino: 2003, 2010, 2018<ref name=":7" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210807202325/http://www.cafemchile2018.cl/noticia/96/brasil-se-corono-campeon-invicto-de-la-copa-america-femenina-2018 "Brasil se coronó campeón invicto de la Copa América Femenina 2018"]. ''cafemchile2018.cl''. 19 December 2023.</ref> * FIFA Women's World Cup runner-up: 2007<ref name=":7" /> * Summer Olympics runner-up: 2004, 2008<ref name=":7" /> '''Individual''' * FIFA World Player of de Year/The Best FIFA Women's Player<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/45631205 "Luka Modric named best male player and Marta best female player at Fifa awards"]. ''BBC News/Sport/Football''. 24 September 2018. Retrieved 26 September 2018.</ref> – Winner (6): 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2018 * The Best FIFA Women's Player – runner-up: 2016<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20170110091615/http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/ballon-dor/general/02/86/27/26/thebest_rankingpresslist2016_neutral.pdf "The Best FIFA Football Awards - Results"] (PDF). ''FIFA.com''. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 9 January 2017. Archived from [http://resources.fifa.com/mm/document/ballon-dor/general/02/86/27/26/thebest_rankingpresslist2016_neutral.pdf the original] (PDF) on 10 January 2017. Retrieved 9 June 2020.</ref> * FIFPro World XI: 2016, 2017, 2019,<ref>Beaard, Raymond. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170728203723/https://www.fifpro.org/noticias/las-mejores-futbolistas-del-mundo-el-once-mundial/es/ "Las mejores futbolistas: el Once Mundial - FIFPro World Players' Union"]. Archived from [https://www.fifpro.org/noticias/las-mejores-futbolistas-del-mundo-el-once-mundial/es/ the original] on 28 July 2017. Retrieved 9 March 2017.</ref> 2021<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20220118145524/https://fifpro.org/en/industry/world-11/2020-2021-women-s-fifa-fifpro-world-11-revealed "The FIFA FIFPRO Women's World 11 Of 2021 - FIFPRO World Players' Union"]. ''FIFPRO''.</ref> * Damallsvenskan Top Scorer: 2004, 2005, 2008<ref>[https://svenskfotboll.se/damallsvenskan/historik/skyttedrottningar-1982-/ "Allsvenska skyttedrottningar 1982–."] Svenskfotboll.se. Retrieved 28 March 2012. (insyd Swedish)</ref> * FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Golden Ball: 2004<ref name=":7" /> * FIFA Women's World Cup Golden Boot: 2007<ref name=":8">[https://web.archive.org/web/20190608151628/https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/marta-sweeps-the-board-609039 "FIFA Women's World Cup 2007™ - News - Marta sweeps the board"]. ''www.fifa.com''. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/womensworldcup/news/marta-sweeps-the-board-609039 the original] on 8 June 2019.</ref> * FIFA Women's World Cup Golden Ball: 2007<ref name=":8" /> * FIFA Best Special Award: 2023<ref>[https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/the-best-fifa-football-awards/articles/incredible-marta-honoured-with-special-award "Incredible Marta honoured with FIFA Special Award"]. ''FIFA.com''. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 15 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.</ref> * WPS Golden Boot: 2009,<ref name=":7" /> 2010,<ref name=":7" /> 2011<ref name=":7" /> * Michelle Akers Player of the Year Award: 2009,<ref>[https://bleacherreport.com/articles/312695-marta-marta-marta-sol-star-named-fifa-womens-player-of-the-year "Marta! Marta! Marta!: LA Sol Star Named FIFA Women's Player of the Year"]. ''Bleacher Report''. 22 December 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2009.</ref> 2010<ref>[https://www.mercurynews.com/2010/09/16/fc-gold-prides-marta-is-wps-most-valuable-player/ "FC Gold Pride's Marta is WPS most valuable player"]. ''The Mercury News''. 16 September 2010. Retrieved 9 January 2023.</ref> * Sudamericano Femenino Golden Boot: 2010<ref>[https://www.fifa.com/news/brazil-reign-again-colombia-make-history-1339135 "Brazil reign again, Colombia make history"]. ''www.fifa.com''.</ref> * ''Sports Illustrated'' Top 20 Female Athletes of de Decade (2000–2009) (#7)<ref>Lawrence, Andrew (22 December 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20121103091018/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2009/magazine/specials/2000s/12/19/top.female.athletes/index.html "2000s: Top 20 Female Athletes"]. ''Sports Illustrated''. Retrieved 29 December 2009.</ref> * IFFHS World's Best Woman Playmaker: 2012<ref>[http://iffhs.de/former-results/ "Former Results"]. IFFHS. Retrieved 13 January 2016.</ref> * IFFHS Women's World Team: 2018<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190515040509/https://iffhs.de/iffhs-awards-2018-the-women-world-team-2018/ "IFFHS AWARDS – THE WOMEN WORLD TEAM 2018"]. IFFHS.de. 1 December 2018. Archived from [https://iffhs.de/iffhs-awards-2018-the-women-world-team-2018/ the original] on 15 May 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2018.</ref> * IFFHS World's Best Woman Player of de Decade 2011–2020<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211108044318/https://www.iffhs.com/index.php/posts/953 "IFFHS WORLD'S BEST WOMAN PLAYER OF THE DECADE 2011-2020"]. ''IFFHS''. 7 February 2021.</ref> * IFFHS CONMEBOL Best Woman Player of de Decade 2011–2020<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20211106171304/https://www.iffhs.com/index.php/posts/939 "IFFHS BEST WOMAN PLAYER - CONMEBOL - OF THE DECADE 2011-2020"]. ''IFFHS''. 2 February 2021.</ref> * IFFHS World's Woman Team of de Decade 2011–2020<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20250218231349/https://www.iffhs.com/index.php/posts/918 "IFFHS WORLD'S WOMAN TEAM OF THE DECADE 2011-2020"]. ''IFFHS''. 25 January 2021.</ref> * IFFHS CONMEBOL Woman Team of de Decade 2011–2020<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210612130225/https://www.iffhs.com/index.php/posts/920 "IFFHS WOMAN TEAM - CONMEBOL - OF THE DECADE 2011-2020"]. ''IFFHS''. 26 January 2021.</ref> '''Records''' * FIFA Women's World Cup all-time record goalscorer (17)<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/48685664 "Women's World Cup: Brazil forward Marta breaks men's and women's tournament goal record"]. ''BBC Sport''. 19 June 2019.</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * Friedman, Ian C. (2007), ''Latino Athletes'', Infobase Publishing, ISBN 1438107846 * Grainey, Timothy (2012), ''Beyond Bend It Like Beckham: The Global Phenomenon of Women's Soccer'', University of Nebraska Press, ISBN 0803240368 * Kassouf, Jeff (2011), ''Girls Play to Win Soccer'', Norwood House Press, ISBN 1599534649 * McDougall, Chrös (2012), ''Soccer'', ABDO,ISBN 1614785554 * Richards, Ted (2013), ''Soccer and Philosophy: Beautiful Thoughts on the Beautiful Game'', Open Court, ISBN 0812696824 * Stevens, Dakota (2011), ''A Look at the Women's Professional Soccer Including the Soccer Associations, Teams, Players, Awards, and More'', BiblioBazaar, ISBN 1241047464 * Velázquez de León, Mauricio (2010), ''20 Soccer Superstars'', The Rosen Publishing Group, ISBN 1615329471 == External links == Wikimedia Commons get media wey relate to '''''[[commons:Category:Marta_Vieira_da_Silva|Marta Vieira da Silva]]'''''. * [http://www.marta10.com/ Official website] * [https://int.soccerway.com/players/-/6006/ Marta] at Soccerway.com * [https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/marta/ Marta] at WorldFootball.net * [https://www.kicker.de/marta/spieler Marta] at kicker (insyd German) * [https://fbref.com/en/players/3857e361/ Marta] at FBref.com * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230407082211/https://www.svenskfotboll.se/spelarfakta/0edd6716-d09c-4d9d-9cc1-7e3f0fac277f/ Marta] at de Swedish Football Association (insyd Swedish) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150905/http://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=190358/index.html Marta] – FIFA competition record (archived) * [https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/clubs/players/93137/ Marta] – UEFA competition record (archive) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240227061008/https://www.nwslsoccer.com/players/marta-vieira-da-silva-veiga Marta] at de National Women's Soccer League * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110630071623/http://www.womensprosoccer.com/wny/players/bios/marta "WPS profile"]. Archived from [http://www.womensprosoccer.com/wny/players/bios/marta the original] on 30 June 2011. Retrieved 4 June 2011. [[Category:Human]] [[Category:1986 births]] [[Category:Footballers]] [[Category:Brazilian women's footballers]] [[Category:Women's association football forwards]] [[Category:Olympic footballers for Brazil]] [[Category:Olympic silver medalists for Brazil]] [[Category:Umeå IK players]] [[Category:Footballers at de 2004 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Footballers at de 2008 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Footballers at de 2012 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Footballers at de 2016 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Alagoas]] [[Category:Brazilian Roman Catholics]] [[Category:FIFA World Player of de Year winners]] [[Category:Los Angeles Sol players]] [[Category:Expatriate women's soccer players insyd de United States]] [[Category:Santos FC (women) players]] [[Category:FC Gold Pride players]] [[Category:Western New York Flash players]] [[Category:Expatriate women's footballers insyd Sweden]] [[Category:Footballers at de 2007 Pan American Games]] [[Category:2011 FIFA Women's World Cup players]] [[Category:2015 FIFA Women's World Cup players]] [[Category:Olympic medalists insyd football]] [[Category:Tyresö FF players]] [[Category:Damallsvenskan players]] [[Category:Medalists at de 2008 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Brazil women's international footballers]] [[Category:Brazilian expatriate women's footballers]] [[Category:FC Rosengård players]] [[Category:Brazilian expatriate sportspeople insyd Sweden]] [[Category:Brazilian expatriate sportspeople insyd de United States]] [[Category:Medalists at de 2004 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:FIFA Women's Century Club]] [[Category:Pan American Games gold medalists for Brazil]] [[Category:Pan American Games medalists insyd football]] [[Category:Orlando Pride players]] [[Category:National Women's Soccer League players]] [[Category:2019 FIFA Women's World Cup players]] [[Category:2007 FIFA Women's World Cup players]] [[Category:2003 FIFA Women's World Cup players]] [[Category:Swedish women's footballers]] [[Category:Swedish Roman Catholics]] [[Category:Medalists at de 2007 Pan American Games]] [[Category:Footballers at de 2020 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Women's Professional Soccer players]] [[Category:CR Vasco da Gama (women) players]] [[Category:2023 FIFA Women's World Cup players]] [[Category:UN Women Goodwill Ambassadors]] [[Category:Footballers at de 2024 Summer Olympics]] 9wxuz04vlqq7myf4bo1ao1jyzoid7eb 0 7604 112499 36932 2026-09-25T01:15:06Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112499 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Jacob Adicoff''' (born May 16, 1995) be American visually impaired cross-country skier den biathlete.<ref>[https://m.paralympic.org/asp/lib/theasp.asp?pageid=8937&sportid=566&personid=1235273&refreshauto=1 "Jake Adicoff"]. Paralympic.org. Retrieved March 17, 2018.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140821055019/http://www.teamusa.org/para-nordic-skiing/athletes/jake-adicoff "Jake Adicoff"]. ''Team USA''. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20140821055019/http://www.teamusa.org/para-nordic-skiing/athletes/jake-adicoff the original] on August 21, 2014. Retrieved March 17, 2018.</ref><ref>[https://www.paralympic.org/news/jacob-adicoff-student-success "Jake Adicoff's success as a student"]. ''Paralympic.org''. Retrieved March 17, 2018.</ref> He compete for de Winter Paralympics insyd 2014 den 2018.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180317232518/https://www.pyeongchang2018.com/en/game-time/results/PWG2018/en/cross-country-skiing/athlete-profile-n3058467-jake-adicoff.htm "Cross-Country Skiing | Athlete Profile: Jake ADICOFF - Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games"]. ''www.pyeongchang2018.com''. Archived from [https://www.pyeongchang2018.com/en/game-time/results/PWG2018/en/cross-country-skiing/athlete-profile-n3058467-jake-adicoff.htm the original] on March 17, 2018. Retrieved March 17, 2018.</ref> == Career == Jake Adicoff claim ein first Paralympic medal after he clinch silver medal insyd de men's 10km visually impaired cross-country skiing event during de 2018 Winter Paralympics.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180317232404/https://www.pyeongchang2018.com/en/game-time/results/PWG2018/en/cross-country-skiing/results-men-s-10km-classic-visually-impaired-fnl-000100-.htm "Cross-Country Skiing | Results Men's 10km Classic, Visually Impaired - Pyeongchang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games"]. ''www.pyeongchang2018.com''. Archived from [https://www.pyeongchang2018.com/en/game-time/results/PWG2018/en/cross-country-skiing/results-men-s-10km-classic-visually-impaired-fnl-000100-.htm the original] on March 17, 2018. Retrieved March 17, 2018.</ref> Notably, he dedicate de silver medal to Mugsy, ein dog.<ref>[https://www.instagram.com/mugsyjeans/ "Mugsy Instagram"].</ref> He win de gold medal insyd de men's 12.5 km visually impaired cross-country skiing event for de 2021 World Para Snow Sports Championships dem hold insyd Lillehammer, Norway.<ref>[https://www.paralympic.org/news/royals-crown-six-new-champions-hosts-strike-cross-country-gold-first-day "Royals crown six new champions as hosts strike cross-country gold on first day"]. ''Paralympic.org''. January 13, 2022. Retrieved January 14, 2022.</ref><ref>Houston, Michael (January 13, 2022). [https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1117750/world-para-snow-sports-champs-1 "Golubkov and Gretsch among first winners at World Para Snow Sports Championships"]. ''InsideTheGames.biz''. Retrieved January 15, 2022.</ref> He sanso win de bronze medal insyd de men's long-distance visually impaired cross-country skiing event.<ref>Houston, Michael (January 18, 2022). [https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1117950/world-para-snow-sports-champs-6 "Masters wins first gold of World Para Snow Sports Championships"]. ''InsideTheGames.biz''. Retrieved January 18, 2022.</ref><ref>[https://www.paralympic.org/news/usa-s-oksana-masters-claims-10th-world-title-days-after-recovering-covid "USA's Oksana Masters claims 10th world title days after recovering from COVID"]. ''Paralympic.org''. January 18, 2022. Retrieved January 18, 2022.</ref> == References == [[Category:Living people]] <references /> == External links == * [https://www.paralympic.org/jacob-adicoff Jacob Adicoff] at de International Paralympic Committee * [https://web.archive.org/web/1/http://ipc.infostradasports.com/asp/lib/TheASP.asp?pageid=8937&sportid=-1&personid=1235273 Jacob Adicoff] at IPC.InfostradaSports.com (archived) * [https://www.teamusa.com/profiles/jake-adicoff-829336 Jake Adicoff] at Team USA ([https://web.archive.org/web/20220711235059/https://www.teamusa.org/Athletes/AD/Jake-Adicoff archive July 11, 2022]) [[Category:Human]] [[Category:1995 births]] [[Category:American male cross-country skiers]] [[Category:American male biathletes]] [[Category:Cross-country skiers at de 2014 Winter Paralympics]] [[Category:Cross-country skiers at de 2018 Winter Paralympics]] [[Category:Cross-country skiers at de 2022 Winter Paralympics]] [[Category:Biathletes at de 2014 Winter Paralympics]] [[Category:Paralympic cross-country skiers for de United States]] [[Category:Paralympic biathletes for de United States]] [[Category:Paralympic gold medalists for de United States]] [[Category:Paralympic silver medalists for de United States]] [[Category:Medalists at de 2018 Winter Paralympics]] [[Category:Medalists at de 2022 Winter Paralympics]] [[Category:American blind people]] [[Category:Visually impaired category Paralympic competitors]] [[Category:Sportspeople wey komot San Jose, California]] [[Category:Paralympic medalists insyd cross-country skiing]] [[Category:21st-century American sportsmen]] fupyiunzmtvk2t0fy4r8hc2rgc3nyyp 0 8129 112487 79866 2026-09-25T01:01:01Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112487 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Ghana national football team''' dey represent [[Ghana]] insyd men's international football.<ref>Association, Ghana Football. [https://www.ghanafa.org/category/black-stars "Black Stars"]. ''www.ghanafa.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200523044246/https://www.ghanafa.org/category/black-stars Archived] from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.</ref> Dem name de team de '''Black Stars''' after de Black Star of Africa insyd de [[flag of Ghana]].<ref>[https://www.ghanahighcommissionuk.com/ghanaflag.aspx "Ghana Flag Ghana High Commission"]. ''Brazil Consulate''. Retrieved 19 July 2023.</ref> Ebe governed by de Ghana Football Association, de governing body give [[Football in Ghana|football insyd Ghana]]. Prior to 1957, na e play as de [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]]. Ghana qualify give de FIFA World Cup for de first time insyd 2006.<ref>[https://citisportsonline.com/2021/09/07/how-ghana-have-started-every-world-cup-qualifying-campaign-since-germany-2006-run/ "How Ghana has started every World Cup qualifying campaign since Germany 2006 run"]. ''Citi Sports Online''. 7 September 2021. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616201334/https://citisportsonline.com/2021/09/07/how-ghana-have-started-every-world-cup-qualifying-campaign-since-germany-2006-run/ Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref><ref>[https://citisportsonline.com/2022/05/18/i-knew-i-would-score-against-czech-republic-asamoah-gyan-on-2006-world-cup-goal/ "'I knew I would score against Czech Republic' – Asamoah Gyan on 2006 World Cup goal"]. ''Citi Sports Online''. 18 May 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616201334/https://citisportsonline.com/2022/05/18/i-knew-i-would-score-against-czech-republic-asamoah-gyan-on-2006-world-cup-goal/ Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref> Na de team win de Africa Cup of Nations four times (1963, 1965, 1978, den 1982), while e fini as runners-up five times (1968, 1970, 1992, 2010, den 2015). Dem sanso qualify for de CHAN four times, wey dem fini as runners-up twice (2009 den 2014).<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/3396199.stm "African Football: The early years"]. ''BBC''. 16 January 2004. [https://web.archive.org/web/20040124113449/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/africa/3396199.stm Archived] from the original on 24 January 2004. Retrieved 16 January 2004.</ref> == History == For 19 August 1962 for de Accra Sports Stadium, host Real Madrid, wey na dem be de time Spanish champions, former European champions den intercontinental champions den drew 3–3.<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/madrid-friend6079.html "International Friendlies of Real Madrid CF 1960–1979"]. ''RSSSF''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230405060606/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/madrid-friend6079.html Archived] from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2012.</ref> Charles Kumi Gyamfi cam turn coach insyd 1961, wey dem win successive African Cup of Nations titles, insyd 1963 den 1965. De Black Stars achieve dema record win, 13–2 away to Kenya, after de second of dese. Dem reach de final of de tournament insyd 1968 den 1970, wey dem loose 1–0 for both occasions, to DR Congo insys 1968 den Sudan insyd 1970. Dema domination of de tournament earn dem de nickie "the Black Stars of Africa" insyd de 1960s.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2010/jun/30/world-cup-2010-ghana-history "World Cup 2010: Ghana ready to fulfil their destiny"]. ''The Guardian''. 30 June 2013. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131203122048/http://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2010/jun/30/world-cup-2010-ghana-history Archived] from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 2 December 2013.</ref> Fortunes change give de Black Stars however, after dem fail make dem qualify for 3 successive African Cup of Nations insyd de 1970s.<ref>Anthony, Scott (26 May 2017). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-40030710 "The Stanley Matthews football revolution made in Ghana"]. ''bbc.co.uk''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20211119163458/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-40030710 Archived] from the original on 19 November 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2017.</ref> Insyd de early 1980s however, plus emerging talents such as [[Abedi Pele]], de Black Stars beat Libya insyd de 1982 African Cup of Nations final host by Libya make dem win dema fourth den to date, last continental title.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230626164755/https://www.pulse.com.gh/sports/today-in-history-ghana-beat-hosts-libya-to-win-afcon-1982-id4823896.html "Today in history - Ghana beat hosts Libya to win AFCON 1982"]. 19 March 2016. Retrieved 2017-08-22.</ref> Fortunes san change however, as insyd de 1984 tournament, na dem knock dem out insyd de group stages, wey dem no qualify for de 1986, 1988 den 1990 tournaments. Insyd 1992 however, de Black Stars go cam runners-up to de Ivory Coast insyd penalty shootout after goalless draw, wich see every player for de pitch top take penalty, for wich dem beat dem 11-10.<ref>[https://www.11v11.com/matches/ghana-v-ivory-coast-26-january-1992-243413 "Ghana v Ivory Coast, 26 January 1992"]. ''11v11.com''.</ref> Na de Black Stars be at disadvantage however, as African Footballer of de Year winner den de tournament ein best player, Abedi Pele, na dem suspend am for de final. Tensions among de squad lead to de parliamentary den executive make dem intervene den settle issues between star players [[Abedi Pele]] den Tony Yeboah. Insyd de 1990s, na dis fi play sam part insyd de failure of de team make e build for de successes of de national underage teams. However, de generation of Black Stars players wey go de 2001 FIFA World Youth Championship final cam turn de "core" of de team for de 2002 African Cup of Nations, wey dem go undefeated for year insyd 2005 wey dem qualify for de final tournament of de 2006 FIFA World Cup. De Black Stars start by dem succumb to 2–0 defeat to eventual champions Italy, den wins over Czech Republic (2–0) den United States (2–1). Dis see dem advance thru to de second round, wer na dem loose 3–0 to Brazil.<ref>Joshua Ansah (13 April 2013). [http://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/4375/editorials/2013/04/17/3910705/where-is-ghanas-2006-world-cup-squad-part-2 "Where is Ghana's 2006 World Cup squad&nbsp;– Part 2"]. ''goal.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130508121017/http://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/4375/editorials/2013/04/17/3910705/where-is-ghanas-2006-world-cup-squad-part-2 Archived] from the original on 8 May 2013. Retrieved 13 December 2013.</ref> Under head coach Milovan Rajevac, de Black Stars go on make dem secure 100% win record insyd dema qualification campaign, dem win dema group wey dem cam turn de first African team make dem qualify give de 2010 FIFA World Cup. Insyd de final tournament, na dem place dem insyd Group D plus Germany, Serbia den Australia, dem advance to de round of 16 wer na dem play de United States, dem win 2–1 insyd extra time make dem cam turn de third African nation per make dem reach de World Cup quarter-finals. Dem then lost to Uruguay insyd penalty shootout insyd de quarter-finals, after Uruguayan forward Luis Suárez block header plus ein hand insyd de penalty box insyd extra time wey dem send am off. [[Asamoah Gyan]] miss de penalty dem give for de handball, wey de score remain for 1-1. Ghana go on make dem loose de penalty shootout 4-2, dem no make am go de semi-finals wich na go be de first time African country qualify for de semi-finals of a World Cup.<ref>Paul Wilson (2 July 2013). [https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/jul/02/uruguay-ghana-world-cup-report "World Cup 2010: Uruguay make Gyan and Ghana pay the penalty"]. ''The Guardian''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140609074520/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/jul/02/uruguay-ghana-world-cup-report Archived] from the original on 9 June 2014. Retrieved 13 December 2013.</ref> Insyd 2013, e cam turn de team per insyd Africa make e reach 4 consecutive semi-finals of tde CAF Africa Cup of Nations twice, de first time since between 1963 den 1970.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131213082703/http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/ghana/news/2013/feb/02-ghana-sets-nations-cup-record-with-cape-verde-win.html "Ghana equal Nations Cup record with Cape Verde win"]. ''mtnfootball.com''. MTN Group. 3 February 2013. Archived from [http://www.mtnfootball.com/africa/ghana/news/2013/feb/02-ghana-sets-nations-cup-record-with-cape-verde-win.html the original] on 13 December 2013. Retrieved 13 December 2013.</ref> Na dem sufficiently rank de Black Stars by FIFA make dem start dema qualifying give de 2014 World Cup insyd de second round. Dem win dema group, den insyd de round wey dey follow dem qualify for de 2014 World Cup finals insyd November 2013, after dem beat Egypt 7–3 for aggregate insyd 2-legged play-off.<ref>[http://www.goal.com/en/match/124162/egypt-vs-ghana/report "Egypt 2–1 Ghana (Agg 3–7): Zaki and Gedo strike but Black Stars win through"]. ''goal.com''. 19 November 2013. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131213231312/http://www.goal.com/en/match/124162/egypt-vs-ghana/report Archived] from the original on 13 December 2013. Retrieved 13 December 2013.</ref> Na dem draw dem insyd Group G for de finals, wer na dem face Germany, Portugal, den de United States.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131208080242/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/final-draw/draw.html "2014 FIFA World Cup Final Draw"]. ''fifa.com''. FIFA. 6 December 2013. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/final-draw/draw.html the original] on 8 December 2013. Retrieved 13 December 2013.</ref> Dem exit insyd de group stages wey dem record 1 draw den 2 losses. However, na dem be de team per wey no lose to Germany insyd de tournament, wey dem be de team per make dem hold onto a lead against de Germans for any point, dem draw 2-2 (wey dem lead 2-1) plus de eventual winners. Insyd de 2015 Africa Cup of Nations, dem reach de final, wey Ivory Coast deny dem de title for penalties. While dema 2017 Africa Cup of Nations campaign end insyd 4th place finish - de third one insyd 4 consecutive editions of de tournament - insyd de qualifiers give de 2018 World Cup, dem fini behind Egypt den Uganda insyd dema final group. For de 2019 Africa Cup of Nations, na Tunisia eliminate dem insyd de Round of 16. Insyd 2021, na dem bring back Manager Rajevac, buh de Black Stars end up dem fail make dem win match for de 2021 Africa Cup of Nations wer dem loose 2–3 to debutants de Comoros after an André Ayew red card make dem fini bottom of dema group. Thus, dem fail make dem progress beyond de group stage for de first time since 2006. Dem draw 0–0 insyd match against Nigeria wey dem draw 1–1 insyd Nigeria make dem qualify for de 2022 FIFA World Cup for away goals.<ref>[https://www.espn.com/soccer/match/_/gameId/629217 "Nigeria vs. Ghana"]. ''ESPN''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220330040340/https://www.espn.com/soccer/match/_/gameId/629217 Archived] from the original on 30 March 2022. Retrieved 29 March 2022.</ref> During de 2022 FIFA World Cup, Ghana loose dema first match against Portugal (3–2). Dem earn dema first den victory per insyd dema second match against South Korea 3–2 after insane thriller. Insyd "must win match to qualify" against Uruguay, de opponent wey kick out Ghana 12 years ago, Ghana instead loose 2–0 den thus dem fini for bottom; however, despite dem fail make dem avenge de loss, South Korea ein 2–1 win over Portugal ensure make Ghana get consolation prize wey dem sanso send out Uruguay from de competition for de virtue of goals dem score top. == Culture == === Kits den crest === Wikimedia Commons get media wey relate to '''''[[commons:Ghana_national_football_team_kits|Ghana national football team kits]]'''''.[[File:Black_Stars_(Ghana_national_football_team)_Jersey_1970s—1980s.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|Home shirt: 1970s–1980s]] Dem adopt am dey follow de independence of Ghana insyd 1957, na dem include de black star insyd de Black Stars' kits. Na de ''Black Stars''' kits be sponsored by Puma SE from 2005, plus de deal dey end insyd 2014.<ref>[http://www.ghanafa.org/news/200801/2547.php "FA extends Puma deal to 2014"]. ''ghanafa.org''. Ghana Football Association (GFA). 23 January 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140222140739/http://www.ghanafa.org/news/200801/2547.php Archived] from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 7 February 2014.</ref> [[File:Ghana_national_football_team_(Black_Stars)_badge_and_national_anthem.jpg|thumb|Badge den anthem]] Between 1990 den 2006 de Ghana national team use de kit insyd de colours of de national flag of Ghana, plus gold, green den red dem use, as insyd de team's crest wey dem sanso know am as de Pan-African colours. De gold plus green den red kit concept den design na dem use am insyd de 60s den 70s, wey dem design am plus gold den green vertical stripes den red shoulders. Na dem introduce all black second kit insyd 2008 den insyd 2015, Black Stars' gold-red-green coloured kit den all black coloured kit na dem for be reassign to de position of 1st dem 2nd kits dey follow de induction of brown plus blue den gold coloured Black Stars 3rd kit insyd 2012.<ref>[http://www.ghanasoccernet.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/G12EXCT01382-1024x628.jpg "Black Stars 3rd Kit"]. ''ghanasoccernet.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130925115202/http://www.ghanasoccernet.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/G12EXCT01382-1024x628.jpg Archived] from the original on 25 September 2013. Retrieved 21 September 2013.</ref><ref>[http://www.ghanasoccernet.com/black-stars-to-play-state-envoy-in-friendly-this-afternoon/ "Black Stars To Play State Envoy in Friendly This Afternoon"]. ''ghanasoccernet.com''. 29 May 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130925114705/http://www.ghanasoccernet.com/black-stars-to-play-state-envoy-in-friendly-this-afternoon/ Archived] from the original on 25 September 2013. Retrieved 21 September 2013.</ref> De team ein kit give de 2014 FIFA World Cup na dem rank am as de best kit of de tournament by BuzzFeed.<ref>[http://graphic.com.gh/sports/sports-news/24825-brazil-204-ghana-s-jersey-s-ranked-the-best.html "Brazil 2014: Ghana's jersey ranked the best"]. ''graphic.com.gh''. Daily Graphic (GFA). 10 June 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140613102707/http://graphic.com.gh/sports/sports-news/24825-brazil-204-ghana-s-jersey-s-ranked-the-best.html Archived] from the original on 13 June 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Kit supplier !Period |- |Erima |1991–1992 |- |Adidas |1992–2000 |- |Kappa |2000–2005 |- |Puma |2005– |} === Grounds === De training facilities den training grounds dey locate for Agyeman Badu Stadium, Berekum Sports Stadium insyd Brong-Ahafo, de Tema Sports Stadium insyd Tema den de multi-functional Lizzy Sports Complex insyd Legon.<ref>[http://www.ghanafa.org/gallery/photos/102/ "Ghana's senior men's national team prepare for World Cup qualifier"]. ''ghanafa.org''. 2013. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131003133928/http://www.ghanafa.org/gallery/photos/102/ Archived] from the original on 3 October 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.</ref> === Organization den finance === Na de Black Stars get no official head secof "corrupt" practices<ref>AfricaNews (7 June 2018). [https://www.africanews.com/2018/06/07/ghana-football-association-dissolved-after-bribery-allegations/ "Ghana Football Association dissolved after bribery allegations"]. ''Africanews''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616193619/https://www.africanews.com/2018/06/07/ghana-football-association-dissolved-after-bribery-allegations/ Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/number-12-ghana-fa-begins-charging-implicated-individuals-of-famous-anas-corruption-expose/otg5f6xf7tch1q47ruo6s8qq0 "Number 12: Ghana FA begins charging implicated individuals of famous Anas corruption expose | Goal.com Ghana"]. ''www.goal.com''. 18 September 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616193615/https://www.goal.com/en-gh/news/number-12-ghana-fa-begins-charging-implicated-individuals-of-famous-anas-corruption-expose/otg5f6xf7tch1q47ruo6s8qq0 Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-44406535 "Ghana dissolves football association after cash gifts scandal"]. ''BBC News''. 7 June 2018. [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-44406535 Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref> by de then presido, [[Kwesi Nyantakyi]]<ref>[http://www.ghanafa.org/pages/gfa/201409/9827.php "National team reforms underway – GFA President"]. Ghana Football Association. 3 September 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140905231102/http://ghanafa.org/pages/gfa/201409/9827.php Archived] from the original on 5 September 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.</ref> den vice-pee George Afriyie,<ref>[http://www.ghanafa.org/pages/gfa/201209/7577.php "Crentsil elected GFA Vice President"]. ''ghanafa.org''. Ghana Football Association. 25 September 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141211012041/http://www.ghanafa.org/pages/gfa/201209/7577.php Archived] from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 28 September 2014.</ref> plus Frank Davis as director of football, den Edward Bawa as treasurer.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131105231841/http://thechronicle.com.gh/kwesi-nyantakyi-clinches-top-caf-post/ "Kwesi Nyantakyi clinches top Caf post"]. ''The Ghanaian Chronicle''. Archived from [http://thechronicle.com.gh/kwesi-nyantakyi-clinches-top-caf-post/ the original] on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 19 September 2013.</ref> De Ghana Football Association (GFA) sign CN¥92.2 million (US$15 million) deal plus Ghanaian state-run oil den gas exploration corporation, Ghana National Petroleum Corporation (GNPC), make dem sponsor de Black Stars wey de renewable contract see de oil den gas exploration corporation cam turn de global headline sponsor of de Black Stars, plus yearly Black Stars player salary wage bill,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130131104806/http://sports.myjoyonline.com/pages/news/201301/100633.php "GNPC hails Black Stars"]. ''myjoyonline.com''. 15 January 2013. Archived from [http://sports.myjoyonline.com/pages/news/201301/100633.php the original] on 31 January 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2013.</ref><ref>[http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/news/sports/afcon-2013/19485-gnpc-hails-black-stars- "GNPC hails Black Stars"]. ''ghana.gov.gh''. 15 January 2013. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304032542/http://www.ghana.gov.gh/index.php/news/sports/afcon-2013/19485-gnpc-hails-black-stars- Archived] from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 29 May 2013.</ref> dey follow de gold mining corporations Ashanti Goldfields Corporation den Goldfields Ghana Limited (GGL), wich na dey sponsor de Black Stars since 2005.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131126185029/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-01/05/c_132080657.htm "Ghana Football Association signs 15-million US dollar sponsorship deal with Oil Company"]. ''news.xinhuanet.com''. Xinhua News Agency. Archived from [http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-01/05/c_132080657.htm the original] on 26 November 2013. Retrieved 19 September 2013.</ref> For 28 August 2013, Ghana Football Association (GFA) launch TV channel wey dem name am GFA TV. De channel get de exclusive rights make dem broadcast all de Black Stars dema matches.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130930035148/http://allsports.com.gh/2013/08/27/ghana-football-association-launches-gfa-tv/ "Ghana Football Association launches GFA TV"]. ''allsports.com.gh''. Archived from [http://allsports.com.gh/2013/08/27/ghana-football-association-launches-gfa-tv/ the original] on 30 September 2013. Retrieved 19 September 2013.</ref> Insyd November 2013, de Black Stars sign 2013–2015 CN¥30.6 million (US$5 million) den additional classified multi-million private bank sponsorship deal plus de Ghanaian state-run private banking institution UniBank.<ref>Alex Osei-Boateng. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131208010536/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-11/08/c_132869165.htm "Ghana's national team gets sponsorship"]. ''news.xinhuanet.com''. Xinhua News Agency. Archived from [http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/africa/2013-11/08/c_132869165.htm the original] on 8 December 2013. Retrieved 21 November 2013.</ref> === Supporters === [[File:ACON_2015_GHA_GUI_(16512008192).jpg|thumb|261x261px|Ghana Supporters Union for AFCON 2015 match between Ghana den Guinea]] De Black Stars dey maintain average stadium match attendance of 60,000+ den match attendance high of 80,000+, such as insyd de case of ein 2010 FIFA World Cup quarter-final against Uruguay wich na 84,017 spectators attend.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110205135019/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/southafrica2010/matches/round=249718/match=300061508/report.html "Ghana 1&nbsp;– 1 Uruguay (1:1 a.e.t. (1:1, 0:1) 4:2 PSO)"]. ''FIFA''. 2 July 2010. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/southafrica2010/matches/round=249718/match=300061508/report.html the original] on 5 February 2011. Retrieved 15 September 2013.</ref> Ghana match against England for 29 March 2011 get de largest away dey follow give any association football national team since de re-opening of Wembley Stadium insyd 2007.<ref name=":0">K.N.S Mensah (14 March 2012). [http://www.goal.com/en/news/1658/ghana/2011/03/14/2394658/tickets-for-ghana-and-england-maiden-international-friendly-sold- "Tickets For Ghana And England Maiden International Friendly Sold Out"]. ''goal.com''. Goal.com. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110317034433/http://www.goal.com/en/news/1658/ghana/2011/03/14/2394658/tickets-for-ghana-and-england-maiden-international-friendly-sold- Archived] from the original on 17 March 2011. Retrieved 17 July 2012.</ref> Na de match 700 million people around de world watch de match.<ref name=":0" /> Dey follow de team ein appearances for de 2006 den 2010 World Cup tournaments, na sam hundred avid fans greet dem by dancing den singing for Kotoka International Airport insyd Accra.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10508969 "Ghana gives Black Stars heroes' welcome after World Cup"]. ''BBC News''. 6 July 2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130620194125/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10508969 Archived] from the original on 20 June 2013. Retrieved 15 September 2013.</ref> === Rivalries === [[File:Sulley.jpg|thumb|291x291px|Vs. Nigeria insyd de 2008 Africa Cup of Nations Quarter-Final]] Rivalry be plus de Super Eagles, de Nigeria national team. De "Battle of Supremacy on the Gulf of Guinea" be between two of de "most successful teams on the African continent".<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20130305011657/http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/matches/qualifiers/match=1517/index.html "Rivals herald African awakening (Ghana vs Nigeria)"]. ''fifa.com''. FIFA. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/matches/qualifiers/match=1517/index.html the original] on 5 March 2013. Retrieved 12 September 2013.</ref> De proximity of de two countries to each oda, dispute between de different association football competitions den wider diplomatic competition for influence across West Africa dey add to dis rivalry.<ref name=":1" /><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-54088878 "Letter from Africa: Behind Ghana and Nigeria's love-hate affair"]. ''BBC News''. 12 September 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200913210702/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-54088878 Archived] from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.</ref> Dem dey bell de match between dese two countries de Jollof derby.<ref>[https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/var-fun-and-disappointment-ghana-and-nigeria-jollof-derby-leaves-/blt3e99155ae19618b2 "VAR, Fun and Disappointment: Ghana and Nigeria 'jollof derby' leaves fans asking for more | Goal.com"]. ''www.goal.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220331171523/https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/var-fun-and-disappointment-ghana-and-nigeria-jollof-derby-leaves-/blt3e99155ae19618b2 Archived] from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 30 March 2022.</ref> Oda rivalries dey include de rivalry plus Egypt den international rivalries plus USA as well as Uruguay. === Media den arts === Dem dey broadcast match schedules insyd English as insyd de case of inter-continental matches den insyd [[Akan people|Akan]] nationally by Adom TV, PeaceFM, AdomFM den HappyFM. During de qualification dem schedule give de 2014 World Cup national broadcaster GTV, sub-division of de Ghana Broadcasting Corporation (GBC), broadcast to de Ghanaian public home qualifiers plus away qualifiers broadcast by de satellite television broadcasting corporation Viasat 1. Na dem televise de friendly match against Turkey insyd August 2013 by Viasat 1 den de qualifiers give de 2015 Africa Cup of Nations wey dem schedule de 2018 Inter-Continental Championships give public broadcast by de corporations GFA TV, GBC den Viasat 1.<ref>[http://www.liquidsportsghana.com/?p=football&id=626 "GTV Sports+ to telecast live premier league matches"]. ''liquidsportsghana.com''. 29 September 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200147/http://www.liquidsportsghana.com/?p=football&id=626 Archived] from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 14 September 2013.</ref> Na dem make products wey dey include books, documentary films, [[Azonto|Azonto dances]] den songs insyd de name of de team. Dem fi intend dese plus commercial motives wey dem dey focus for previous den future World Cups anaa Africa Cup of Nations tournaments top. * Books: na dem publish books for de team ein history den participation insyd tournaments top. Dese dey include ''Ghana, The Rediscovered Soccer Might: Watch Out World!'',<ref>Bonna, Okyere (2008). ''Ghana, The Rediscovered Soccer Might: Watch Out World!''. Bloomington, Indiana: AuthorHouse.</ref> about de history den performance of de Black Stars den association football national teams wey na de Black Stars play against, den ''The Black Stars of Ghana'' by Alan Whelan;<ref>Whelan, Alan (2012). ''The Black Stars of Ghana''. Inkstand Press. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-9572248-0-3|978-0-9572248-0-3]]</bdi>.</ref> about Black Stars dey commence dema progress thru de final rounds of de 2010 World Cup den into de quarter-finals. * Documentary films: Insyd 2010 Miracle Films Ghana Limited showcase vintage documentary film picture, ''Kwame Nkrumah & Ghana's Black Stars'', about Osagyefo [[Kwame Nkrumah]] "Africa's man of the 2nd millennium" den "Pan-African pioneer",<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/people/highlights/000914_nkrumah.shtml "Kwame Nkrumah's Vision of Africa"]. ''BBC World Service''. 14 September 2000. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130725113031/http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/people/highlights/000914_nkrumah.shtml Archived] from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 16 September 2013.</ref> wey he invest energy into he make Ghana ein association football national team – de Black Stars – force insyd African soccer.<ref name=":2">[http://www.footysphere.com/post/879393803/nkrumah-black-stars-ghana "Kwame Nkrumah & Ghana's Black Stars (2010)"]. ''footysphere.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140112130346/http://www.footysphere.com/post/879393803/nkrumah-black-stars-ghana Archived] from the original on 12 January 2014. Retrieved 16 September 2013.</ref> * Nickie: de Black Star Line, shipping industry line dem incorporate by de founder of de Back-to-Africa movement, civil rights movement leader Marcus Garvey den de organiser of de Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA) from 1919 to 1922, give de Ghana team ein nickies, de Black Stars of West Africa den de Black Stars of Africa.<ref name=":2" /> * Dances: upon de Black Stars dey score against opposition teams, na de Black Stars players dey perform de dance forms of de Ghanaian [[Azonto]] for dema goal celebrations insyd match victories for de 2010 World Cup den insyd 2013, elite dance version of de Ghanaian Azonto dem name; "(Akan: ''Mmonko'')" (''shrimp''), na dem establish den showcase am for de 2013 Africa Cup of Nations by de Black Stars players.<ref>[http://www.missgo2girl.com/ghanas-black-star-football-team-to-debut-new-celebration-dance-at-afcon-2013/ "Ghana's Black Stars football team to debut new celebration dance at AFCON 2013"]. ''missgo2girl.com''. 20 January 2013. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140222194449/http://missgo2girl.com/ghanas-black-star-football-team-to-debut-new-celebration-dance-at-afcon-2013/ Archived] from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 16 September 2013.</ref> Black Stars goal celebrations insyd match victories for de 2014 World Cup dem upon dey score against opposition teams, make dem establish den showcase Alkayida.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140408224122/http://ghanasportsonline.com/index.php/local-football-news/item/1522-ghana-striker-asamoah-gyan-to-launch-alkayida-dance-at-brazil-world-cup "Ghana Striker Asamoah Gyan To Launch Alkayida Dance at Brazil World Cup"]. ''ghanasportsonline.com''. 31 March 2014. Archived from [http://ghanasportsonline.com/index.php/local-football-news/item/1522-ghana-striker-asamoah-gyan-to-launch-alkayida-dance-at-brazil-world-cup the original] on 8 April 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2014.</ref> * Songs: for occasions of past World Cups anaa African Championships, number of musicians plus music producers creat hiplife football songs wich na dem compose insyd de Akan language – de 2006 World Cup song, "Akan: ''Tuntum Nsorom Ye Ko Yen Anim''", (Black Stars, We dey move forward) musical composed by de Musicians Union of Ghana, make e motivate de Black Stars make dem perform creditably insyd ein quest for de capturing of de World Cup trophy.<ref>[http://m.modernghana.com/mobile/87331/2/black-stars-victory-song-launched.html "Black Stars victory song launched"]. ''modernghana.com''. 2 October 2005. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141017220313/http://m.modernghana.com/mobile/87331/2/black-stars-victory-song-launched.html Archived] from the original on 17 October 2014. Retrieved 16 September 2013.</ref> Black Stars ein captain den top-goalscorer [[Asamoah Gyan]] record den release Hiplife song plus 'Castro The Destroyer', wer na he dey feature under de alias 'Baby Jet'. Dem entitle de song "African Girls" wey dem dey sing am insyd de Akan language wey na dem launch am onto de Ghanaian screens, continental West Africa screens den onto de Sub-Saharan Africa screens. De music video dey show de "Asamoah Gyan Dance" goal celebration wich na he demonstrate for de 2010 World Cup. De song "African Girls" win award for de Ghana Music Awards insyd 2011. De 2010 World Cup song, "Ghana Black Stars (Official Song 2010 World Cup)" compose by Ghanaian hiplife music group "Kings and Queens Entertainment" approve by de Ghana Football Association (GFA) as GFA indicate say de Black Stars be protected brand.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131203034829/http://www.jazika.com/videoview.aspx?id=22701 "Ghana Black Stars (Official Song 2010 World Cup)"]. ''jazika.com''. 24 May 2010. Archived from [http://www.jazika.com/videoview.aspx?id=22701 the original] on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 16 September 2013.</ref> == Results den fixtures == De following be list of match results insyd de last 12 months, as well as any future matches wey dem schedule.  Win   Draw   Loss   Fixture === 2023 === {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |7 September<small>2023 AFCON qualification</small> |'''Ghana''' |'''2–1''' | '''Central African Republic''' |Kumasi, Ghana |- |16:00 UTC±0 | * Kudus  43' * Nuamah  88' |[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2023/09/07/africa/africa-cup-of-nations-qualification/ghana/central-african-republic/3783019/ Report] | * Mafouta  25' |Stadium: Baba Yara Stadium Referee: Peter Waweru (Kenya) |} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |12 September<small>Friendly</small> |'''Ghana''' |'''3–1''' | '''Liberia''' |Accra, Ghana |- |16:00 UTC±0 | * Nuamah  52' * Kudus  59' * J. Ayew  82' |[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2023/09/12/world/friendlies/ghana/liberia/4239383/ Report] | * Teah  90+1' |Stadium: Accra Sports Stadium Referee: Kouassi Attiogbe (Togo) |} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |14 October<small>Friendly</small> |'''Mexico''' |'''2–0''' | '''Ghana''' |Charlotte, United States |- |21:00 UTC−4 | * Lozano  57' * Antuna  72' |[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2023/10/14/world/friendlies/mexico/ghana/4163566/ Report] | |Stadium: Bank of America Stadium Referee: Joe Dickerson (United States) |} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |17 October<small>Friendly</small> |'''United States''' |'''4–0''' | '''Ghana''' |Nashville, United States |- |20:30 UTC−4 | * Reyna  10', 39' * Pulisic  19' (pen.) * Balogun  22' |[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2023/10/18/world/friendlies/united-states-of-america/ghana/4077185/ Report] | |Stadium: Geodis Park Referee: Marco Ortiz (Mexico) |} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |17 November<small>2026 World Cup qualification</small> |'''Ghana''' |'''1–0''' | '''Madagascar''' |Kumasi, Ghana |- |16:00 UTC±0 | * Williams  90+6' |[https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/match-centre/match/520/288282/288289/400017624 Report] | |Stadium: Baba Yara Stadium Attendance: 45,000 Referee: Samir Guezzaz (Morocco) |} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |21 November<small>2026 World Cup qualification</small> |'''Comoros''' |'''1–0''' | '''Ghana''' |Moroni, Comoros |- |19:00 UTC+3 | * Maolida  43' |[https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/match-centre/match/520/288282/288289/400017624 Report] | |Stadium: Stade de Moroni Attendance: 11,628 Referee: Abdel Aziz Mohamed Bouh (Mauritania) |} === 2024 === {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |8 January<small>Friendly</small> |'''Ghana''' |'''0–0''' | '''Namibia''' |Kumasi, Ghana |- |20:00 UTC±0 | |[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2024/01/08/world/friendlies/ghana/namibia/4295634/ Report] | |Stadium: Baba Yara Stadium Referee: Charles Bulu (Ghana) |} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |14 January<small>2023 Africa Cup of Nations GS</small> |'''Ghana''' |'''1–2''' | '''Cape Verde''' |Abidjan, Ivory Coast |- |20:00 UTC±0 |Djiku  56' |[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2024/01/14/africa/africa-cup-of-nations/ghana/cape-verde-islands/4262300/ Report] | * Monteiro  17' * Rodrigues  90+2' |Stadium: Felix Houphouet Boigny Stadium Attendance: 11,943 Referee: Jean-Jacques Ndala Ngambo (DR Congo) |} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |18 January<small>2023 Africa Cup of Nations GS</small> |'''Egypt''' |'''2–2''' | '''Ghana''' |Abidjan, Ivory Coast |- |20:00 UTC±0 | * Marmoush  69' * Mostafa  74' |[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2024/01/18/africa/africa-cup-of-nations/egypt/ghana/4262301/ Report] | * Kudus  45+3', 71' |Stadium: Felix Houphouet Boigny Stadium Attendance: 20,808 Referee: Pierre Atcho (Gabon) |} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |22 January<small>2023 Africa Cup of Nations GS</small> |'''Mozambique''' |'''2–2''' | '''Ghana''' |Abidjan, Ivory Coast |- |20:00 UTC±0 | * Catamo  90+1' (pen.) * Mandava  90+4' |[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2024/01/22/africa/africa-cup-of-nations/mozambique/ghana/4262303/ Report] | * J. Ayew  15' (pen.), 70' (pen.) |Stadium: Alassane Ouattara Stadium Attendance: 6,000 Referee: Ibrahim Mutaz (Libya) |} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |22 March<small>Friendly</small> |'''Nigeria''' |'''2–1''' | '''Ghana''' |Marrakech, Morocco |- |16:00 UTC±0 | * Dessers  38' (pen.) * Lookman  84' |[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2024/03/22/world/friendlies/nigeria/ghana/4334672/ Report] | * Ayew  90+5' (pen.) |Stadium: Stade de Marrakech Referee: Rédouane Jiyed (Morocco) |} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |26 March<small>Friendly</small> |'''Uganda''' |'''2–2''' | '''Ghana''' |Marrakech, Morocco |- |16:00 UTC±0 | * Mukwala  23' (pen.) * Shaban  82' |[https://int.soccerway.com/matches/2024/03/26/world/friendlies/uganda/ghana/4334485/ Report] | * Opoku  7' * J. Ayew  28' (pen.) |Stadium: Stade de Marrakech Referee: Bouchra Kaboubi (Morocco) |} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |6 June<small>2026 World Cup qualification</small> |'''Mali''' |'''1–2''' | '''Ghana''' |Bamako, Mali |- |19:00 UTC±0 | * K. Doumbia  45+1' |[https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/match-centre/match/520/288282/288289/400018211 Report] | * Nuamah  58' * J. Ayew  90+4' |Stadium: Stade du 26 Mars Attendance: 50,200 Referee: Amin Omar (Egypt) |} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |10 June<small>2026 World Cup qualification</small> |'''Ghana''' |'''4–3''' | '''Central African Republic''' |Kumasi, Ghana |- |19:00 UTC±0 | * Ayew  6' (pen.), 60', 69' * Fatawu  62' |[https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/match-centre/match/520/288282/288289/400018210 Report] | * Mafouta  11', 41', 90' |Stadium: Baba Yara Stadium Attendance: 39,000 Referee: Abdulrazg Ahmed (Libya) |} == Coaches == : ''As of 24 January 2024'' {| class="wikitable" !Position !Name |- |Head coach |Otto Addo |- |Assistant coach |Joseph Laumann |- |Assistant coach |John Paintsil |- |Goalkeeping coach |Fatau Dauda |} === History === [[File:Ghana_national_team_u-21.JPG|thumb|Mali vs Ghana, exhibition game for Paris, 31 March 2015]] Since 1957 na e get 32 different head coaches den 3 caretakers. C. K. Gyamfi lead de Black Stars to 3 Africa Cup of Nations titles – insyd 1963, 1965 den 1982 – dey make Gyamfi de "joint most successful coach" insyd de competition ein history.<ref>[http://www.ghanafa.org/news/200802/2603.php "C.K. Gyamfi picks CAF award"]. ''ghanafa.org''. Ghana Football Association (GFA). 2 February 2008. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140222145408/http://www.ghanafa.org/news/200802/2603.php Archived] from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 11 February 2014.</ref> Fred Osam Duodu lead de Black Stars to dema 1978 Africa Cup of Nations title;<ref>Frreman Yeboah, Thomas (2 December 2013). [http://graphic.com.gh/sports/football/13359-reminiscences-50-years-after-ghana-s-first-ever-african-cup-of-nations-triumph.html "Reminiscences! 50 years after Ghana's first ever African Cup of Nations triumph"]. ''graphic.com.gh''. Daily Graphic. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150122170829/http://graphic.com.gh/sports/football/13359-reminiscences-50-years-after-ghana-s-first-ever-african-cup-of-nations-triumph.html Archived] from the original on 22 January 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2014.</ref> Ratomir Dujković, Milovan Rajevac, den James Kwesi Appiah lead de Black Stars to World Cup qualification.<ref>[http://www.ghanafa.org/pages/blackstars/201204/7047.php "Appiah becomes 41st coach of the Black Stars"]. ''ghanafa.org''. Ghana Football Association (GFA). 17 April 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140222145511/http://www.ghanafa.org/pages/blackstars/201204/7047.php Archived] from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 11 February 2014.</ref><ref>Anaman, Fiifi (17 October 2013). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140222005446/http://allsports.com.gh/2013/10/17/kwesi-appiah-challenges-his-former-bosses-statistically/ "Kwesi Appiah challenges his former bosses statistically"]. allsports.com.gh. Archived from [http://allsports.com.gh/2013/10/17/kwesi-appiah-challenges-his-former-bosses-statistically/ the original] on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 11 February 2014.</ref> Two Serbian managers guide Ghana to dema first two World Cup appearances.<ref>Mumuni, Lukman (5 October 2022). [https://sportsbrief.com/football/25151-serbian-coach-milovan-rajevac-eyes-black-stars-return-insists-unfinished-business-ghana/ "Serbian Coach Milovan Rajevac Eyes Black Stars Return, Insists He Has Unfinished Business With Ghana"]. ''SportsBrief - Sport news''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616195348/https://sportsbrief.com/football/25151-serbian-coach-milovan-rajevac-eyes-black-stars-return-insists-unfinished-business-ghana/ Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref><ref>[https://ghanasoccernet.com/ex-ghana-coach-milovan-rajevac-calls-for-unity-ahead-of-world-cup "Ex-Ghana coach Milovan Rajevac calls for unity ahead of World Cup"]. ''Ghana Soccer Net dot com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616195348/https://ghanasoccernet.com/ex-ghana-coach-milovan-rajevac-calls-for-unity-ahead-of-world-cup Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref><ref>[https://myjoyonline.com/milovan-rajevac-calls-for-black-stars-unity-as-world-cup-looms/ "Milovan Rajevac calls for Black Stars unity as World Cup looms"]. ''myjoyonline.com''. 4 October 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616195350/https://myjoyonline.com/milovan-rajevac-calls-for-black-stars-unity-as-world-cup-looms/ Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref><ref>[https://myjoyonline.com/africas-brazil-yet-to-beat-samba-boys-in-3-meetings-tale-of-the-tape "'Africa's Brazil' yet to beat Samba boys in 3 meetings – Tale of the tape"]. ''myjoyonline.com''. 22 September 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616195348/https://myjoyonline.com/africas-brazil-yet-to-beat-samba-boys-in-3-meetings-tale-of-the-tape Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref><ref>[https://myjoyonline.com/the-black-stars-10-no-1-asamoah-gyan-a-global-icon-made-for-big-occasions "The Black Stars 10 – No 1, Asamoah Gyan – A global icon made for big occasions"]. ''myjoyonline.com''. 11 November 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616195350/https://myjoyonline.com/the-black-stars-10-no-1-asamoah-gyan-a-global-icon-made-for-big-occasions Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref><ref>[https://citisportsonline.com/2020/06/09/stephen-appiah-names-2006-world-cup-squad-as-favourite-ghana-team/ "Stephen Appiah names 2006 World Cup squad as favourite Ghana team"]. ''Citi Sports Online''. 9 June 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616200644/https://citisportsonline.com/2020/06/09/stephen-appiah-names-2006-world-cup-squad-as-favourite-ghana-team/ Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref><ref>[https://citisportsonline.com/2020/04/27/unfinished-business-goran-plavi-stevanovic-wants-black-stars-return/ "Unfinished Business: Goran 'Plavi' Stevanovic wants Black Stars return"]. ''Citi Sports Online''. 27 April 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616200645/https://citisportsonline.com/2020/04/27/unfinished-business-goran-plavi-stevanovic-wants-black-stars-return/ Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref> Otto Addo be de head coach of de Black Stars since 15 March 2024, wey he replace Chris Hughton.<ref>[https://citisportsonline.com/2023/04/10/qualify-ghana-to-2023-afcon-2026-world-cup-mustapha-ussif-reveals-chris-hughtons-objectives/ "'Qualify Ghana to 2023 AFCON, 2026 World Cup' – Mustapha Ussif reveals Chris Hughton's objectives"]. ''Citi Sports Online''. 10 April 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616200647/https://citisportsonline.com/2023/04/10/qualify-ghana-to-2023-afcon-2026-world-cup-mustapha-ussif-reveals-chris-hughtons-objectives/ Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref><ref>[https://citisportsonline.com/2023/05/09/black-stars-yusif-chibsah-calls-for-implementation-of-quota-system-for-local-based-players/ "Black Stars – Yusif Chibsah calls for Implementation of quota system for local based players"]. ''Citi Sports Online''. 9 May 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616200649/https://citisportsonline.com/2023/05/09/black-stars-yusif-chibsah-calls-for-implementation-of-quota-system-for-local-based-players/ Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref><ref>[https://citisportsonline.com/2023/03/20/chris-hughton-assistants-black-stars-contracts-to-run-concurrently-gfa-comms-head/ "Chris Hughton, Assistants' Black Stars contracts to run concurrently – GFA Comms Head"]. ''Citi Sports Online''. 20 March 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616200650/https://citisportsonline.com/2023/03/20/chris-hughton-assistants-black-stars-contracts-to-run-concurrently-gfa-comms-head/ Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.ghanafa.org/chris-hughton-takes-charge-of-the-black-stars "Chris Hughton takes charge of the Black Stars"]. ''Ghana Football Association''. 13 February 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230213090834/https://www.ghanafa.org/chris-hughton-takes-charge-of-the-black-stars Archived] from the original on 13 February 2023. Retrieved 13 February 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.eurosport.com/geoblocking.shtml "Geoblocking"]. ''www.eurosport.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230323204914/https://www.eurosport.com/geoblocking.shtml Archived] from the original on 23 March 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/GFA-will-make-public-Chris-Hughton-039-s-contract-details-at-unveiling-Asante-Twum-1719476 "GFA will make public Chris Hughton's contract details at unveiling - Asante Twum"]. ''GhanaWeb''. 23 February 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230616195348/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/GFA-will-make-public-Chris-Hughton-039-s-contract-details-at-unveiling-Asante-Twum-1719476 Archived] from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.</ref> == Players == === Current squad === Na dem call up de following players for de 2026 FIFA World Cup qualification matches against Mali den Central African Republic for 6 den 10 June 2024, respectively.<ref>[https://x.com/GhanaBlackstars/status/1795779512447250771/photo/1 "Final Squad"]. ''Twitter''. Black Stars.</ref> ''Caps den goals correct as of 10 June 2024, after de match against Central African Republic.'' {| class="wikitable sortable" !<abbr>No.</abbr> !<abbr>Pos.</abbr> !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- | |GK !Lawrence Ati-Zigi |29 November 1996 (age 27) |23 |0 |St. Gallen |- | |GK !Jojo Wollacott |8 September 1996 (age 27) |12 |0 |Hibernian |- | |GK !Fredrick Asare |28 May 1999 (age 25) |0 |0 |Asante Kotoko |- | colspan="7" | ---- |- | |DF !Alexander Djiku |9 August 1994 (age 30) |29 |1 |Fenerbahçe |- | |DF !Gideon Mensah |18 July 1998 (age 26) |26 |0 |Auxerre |- | |DF !Alidu Seidu |4 June 2000 (age 24) |15 |0 |Rennes |- | |DF !Mohammed Salisu |17 April 1999 (age 25) |13 |2 |Monaco |- | |DF !Tariq Lamptey |30 September 2000 (age 23) |8 |0 |Brighton & Hove Albion |- | |DF !Jerome Opoku |14 October 1998 (age 25) |3 |1 |İstanbul Başakşehir |- | |DF !Ebenezer Annan |21 August 2002 (age 22) |2 |0 |OFK Beograd |- | |DF !Abdul Mumin |6 June 1998 (age 26) |2 |0 |Rayo Vallecano |- | colspan="7" | ---- |- | |MF !Thomas Partey |13 June 1993 (age 31) |49 |13 |Arsenal |- | |MF !Mohammed Kudus |2 August 2000 (age 24) |34 |11 |West Ham United |- | |MF !Salis Abdul Samed |26 March 2000 (age 24) |19 |0 |Lens |- | |MF !Edmund Addo |17 May 2000 (age 24) |14 |0 |OFK Beograd |- | |MF !Ernest Nuamah |1 November 2003 (age 20) |12 |3 |Lyon |- | |MF !Elisha Owusu |7 November 1997 (age 26) |10 |0 |Auxerre |- | |MF !Abu Francis |27 April 2001 (age 23) |1 |0 |Cercle Brugge |- | |MF !Ibrahim Sulemana |22 May 2003 (age 21) |1 |0 |Atalanta |- | colspan="7" | ---- |- | |FW !Jordan Ayew |11 September 1991 (age 32) |104 |28 |Leicester City |- | |FW !Antoine Semenyo |7 January 2000 (age 24) |21 |2 |Bournemouth |- | |FW !Kamaldeen Sulemana |15 February 2002 (age 22) |19 |0 |Southampton |- | |FW !Osman Bukari |13 December 1998 (age 25) |17 |3 |Austin FC |- | |FW !Ibrahim Osman |29 November 2004 (age 19) |2 |0 |Brighton & Hove Albion |- | |FW !Brandon Thomas-Asante |28 December 1998 (age 25) |1 |0 |West Bromwich Albion |} === Recent call-ups === The following have also been called up in the last twelve months. {| class="wikitable sortable" !<abbr>Pos.</abbr> !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club !Latest call-up |- |GK !Richard Ofori |1 November 1993 (age 30) |33 |0 |Orlando Pirates |2023 Africa Cup of Nations |- |GK !Benjamin Asare |13 July 1992 (age 32) |0 |0 |Great Olympics |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |GK !Felix Kyei |13 March 2003 (age 21) |0 |0 |Medeama |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |GK !Abdul Manaf Nurudeen |8 February 1999 (age 25) |4 |0 |Eupen |v.  Comoros, 21 November 2023 |- | colspan="7" | ---- |- |DF !Daniel Amartey |21 December 1994 (age 29) |55 |0 |Beşiktaş |v.  Uganda, 26 March 2024 |- |DF !Denis Odoi |27 May 1988 (age 36) |14 |0 |Club Brugge |v.  Uganda, 26 March 2024 |- |DF !Baba Rahman |2 July 1994 (age 30) |52 |1 |PAOK |2023 Africa Cup of Nations |- |DF !Nicholas Opoku |11 August 1997 (age 27) |18 |1 |Amiens |2023 Africa Cup of Nations |- |DF !Kingsley Schindler |12 July 1993 (age 31) |4 |0 |Samsunspor |2023 Africa Cup of Nations |- |DF !Abdul Fatawu Hamidu |4 March 1999 (age 25) |1 |0 |Medeama |2023 Africa Cup of Nations |- |DF !Kasim Adams |22 June 1995 (age 29) |17 |2 |1899 Hoffenheim |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |DF !Andy Yiadom |2 December 1991 (age 32) |16 |0 |Reading |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |DF !Joseph Larweh Attamah |22 May 1994 (age 30) |6 |0 |Kayserispor |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |DF !Stephan Ambrosius |18 December 1998 (age 25) |2 |0 |Karlsruher SC |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |DF !Patrick Kpozo |15 July 1997 (age 27) |2 |0 |Baník Ostrava |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |DF !Abdulai Nurudeen |1 August 2004 (age 20) |0 |0 |Medeama |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |DF !Razak Simpson |15 July 1998 (age 26) |0 |0 |Nations |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |DF !Joseph Aidoo |29 September 1995 (age 28) |17 |0 |Celta Vigo |v.  Comoros, 21 November 2023 |- | colspan="7" | ---- |- |MF !André Ayew <small>''(captain)''</small> |17 December 1989 (age 34) |119 |24 |Le Havre |v.  Uganda, 26 March 2024 |- |MF !Iddrisu Baba |22 January 1996 (age 28) |29 |0 |Almería |2023 Africa Cup of Nations |- |MF !Joseph Paintsil |1 February 1998 (age 26) |15 |0 |LA Galaxy |2023 Africa Cup of Nations |- |MF !Majeed Ashimeru |10 October 1997 (age 26) |9 |0 |Anderlecht |2023 Africa Cup of Nations |- |MF !Ransford-Yeboah Königsdörffer |13 September 2001 (age 22) |4 |0 |Hamburger SV |2023 Africa Cup of Nations |- |MF !Richmond Lamptey |18 March 1997 (age 27) |1 |0 |Asante Kotoko |2023 Africa Cup of Nations |- |MF !Daniel Afriyie |26 June 2001 (age 23) |6 |4 |Zürich |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |MF !Yaw Yeboah |28 March 1997 (age 27) |4 |0 |Columbus Crew |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |MF !Michael Baidoo |14 May 1999 (age 25) |0 |0 |Elfsborg |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |MF !Forson Amankwah |31 December 2002 (age 21) |2 |0 |Norwich City |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |MF !Emmanuel Antwi |8 January 2000 (age 24) |0 |0 |Great Olympics |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |MF !Godfred Atuahene |10 October 2002 (age 21) |0 |0 |Dreams |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- | colspan="7" | ---- |- |FW !Iñaki Williams |15 June 1994 (age 30) |17 |1 |Athletic Bilbao |2023 Africa Cup of Nations |- |FW !Jonathan Sowah |9 January 2000 (age 24) |3 |0 |Medeama |2023 Africa Cup of Nations |- |FW !Abdul Fatawu |8 March 2004 (age 20) |19 |2 |Leicester City |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |FW !Benjamin Tetteh |10 July 1997 (age 27) |7 |0 |Metz |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |FW !Bernard Tekpetey |3 September 1997 (age 26) |2 |0 |Ludogorets Razgrad |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |FW !John Antwi |6 August 1992 (age 32) |2 |0 |Dreams |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |FW !Hafiz Konkoni |27 December 1999 (age 24) |0 |0 |Young Africans |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |FW !Derrick Fordjour |21 June 2002 (age 22) |0 |0 |Medeama |2023 Africa Cup of Nations ^PRE |- |FW !Kwasi Wriedt |10 July 1994 (age 30) |6 |0 |VfL Osnabrück |v.  Central African Republic, 5 September 2023 |- | colspan="7" | ---- ; Notes * ^CNC Match dem cancel. * ^WD Dem withdraw. * ^INJ Dem withdraw secof injury. * ^PRE Preliminary squad. * ^RET Dem retire from international soccer. * ^SUS Dem suspend dem from de team. |} === Local team === De football association of Ghana (GFA) dey administer national teams for different levels, wey dey include 1 for de local national team. Dem restrict de team to players wey play insyd de local league per, thus de Ghana Premier League. Dem nickname am ''Local Black Stars''.<ref>Association, Ghana Football. [https://www.ghanafa.org/local-black-stars-calls-up-27-players "Local Black Stars calls up 27 players"]. ''www.ghanafa.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210619161945/https://www.ghanafa.org/local-black-stars-calls-up-27-playershttps://web.archive.org/web/20210619161945/https://www.ghanafa.org/local-black-stars-calls-up-27-players Archived] from the original on 19 June 2021. Retrieved 14 March 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/Maxwell-Konadu-announces-28-players-for-Local-Black-Stars-camping-770167 "Maxwell Konadu announces 28 players for Local Black Stars camping"]. ''www.ghanaweb.com''. 7 August 2019. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220104171720/https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/SportsArchive/Maxwell-Konadu-announces-28-players-for-Local-Black-Stars-camping-770167 Archived] from the original on 4 January 2022. Retrieved 14 March 2021.</ref><ref>[https://www.modernghana.com/sports/610261/maxwell-konadu-invites-29-local-black-stars-to.html "Maxwell Konadu invites 29 local Black Stars to prepare for COSAFA Cup and 2016 AFCON qualifiers"]. ''Modern Ghana''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210622044934/https://www.modernghana.com/sports/610261/maxwell-konadu-invites-29-local-black-stars-to.html Archived] from the original on 22 June 2021. Retrieved 14 March 2021.</ref> ==Records== ''As of 26 March 2024''<ref name="RSSSF">Freeman Yeboah, Thomas. [https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/gha-recintlp.html "Ghana - Record International Players"]. ''RSSSF''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221117193614/https://www.rsssf.org/miscellaneous/gha-recintlp.html Archived] from the original on 17 November 2022. Retrieved 4 February 2023.</ref> :''Players insyd '''bold''' be still active plus Ghana.'' === Most appearances === [[File:20150331 Mali vs Ghana 170.jpg|thumb|150px|André Ayew be Ghana ein most capped player plus 120 appearances.]] {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center" |+ !width=30px|Rank !width=175px|Player !width=50px|Caps !width=50px|Goals !width=100px|Career |- |1 ||align=left|'''André Ayew''' || 120 || 24 || 2007–present |- |2 ||align=left|[[Asamoah Gyan]] || 109 || 51 || 2003–2019 |- |3 ||align=left|'''Jordan Ayew''' || 102 || 24 || 2010–present |- |4 ||align=left|Richard Kingson || 93 || 1 || 1996–2011 |- |5 ||align=left|John Paintsil || 91 || 0 || 2001–2013 |- |6 ||align=left|Harrison Afful || 86 || 0 || 2008–2018 |- |7 ||align=left|Sulley Muntari || 84 || 20 || 2002–2014 |- |8 ||align=left|John Mensah || 81 || 3 || 2001–2012 |- |9 ||align=left|[[Emmanuel Agyemang-Badu]] || 78 || 11 || 2008–2017 |- |10 ||align=left|Kwadwo Asamoah || 74 || 4 || 2008–2019 |} === Top goalscorers === [[File:Gyan AfCON 2015.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Asamoah Gyan]] be Ghana ein top goalscorer plus 51 goals.]] {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center" |+ !width=30px|Rank !width=175px|Player !width=50px|Goals !width=50px|Caps !width=50px|Ratio !width=100px|Career |- |1 ||align=left|[[Asamoah Gyan]] || 51 || 109 || {{#expr:51/109 round 2}} || 2003–2019 |- |2 ||align=left|Edward Acquah || 45 || 41 || {{#expr:45/41 round 2}} || 1956–1964 |- |3 ||align=left|Kwasi Owusu || 36 || 45 || {{#expr:36/45 round 2}} || 1968–1976 |- |4 ||align=left|Tony Yeboah || 29 || 59 || {{#expr:29/59 round 2}} || 1985–1997 |- |5 ||align=left|Karim Abdul Razak || 25 || 62 || {{#expr:25/62 round 2}} || 1975–1988 |- | rowspan="2" |6 ||align=left|'''Jordan Ayew''' || 24 || 102 || {{#expr:24/102 round 2}} || 2010–present |- |align=left|'''André Ayew''' || 24 || 119 || {{#expr:24/119 round 2}} || 2007–present |- |rowspan=2|8 ||align=left|Wilberforce Mfum || 20 || 26 || {{#expr:20/26 round 2}} || 1960–1968 |- |align=left|Sulley Muntari || 20 || 84 || {{#expr:20/84 round 2}} || 2002–2014 |- | rowspan="2" |10 ||align=left|Osei Kofi || 19 || 25 || {{#expr:19/25 round 2}} || 1964–1973 |- |align=left|[[Abedi Pele]] || 19 || 73 || {{#expr:19/73 round 2}} || 1982–1998 |} === Captains === * Awuley Quaye (1978) * Kuuku Dadzie (1980–1982)<ref>Aidoo, George (8 February 1980). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=We7cZuDnXsUC&q=P.S.K.+Paha&pg=PP16 The Mirror: Issue 1,365 February 8 1980]''. Graphic Communications Group. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230405060647/https://books.google.com/books?id=We7cZuDnXsUC&q=P.S.K.+Paha&pg=PP16 Archived] from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref> * Emmanuel Quarshie (1982–1984) * Isaac Paha (1984) *James Kwesi Appiah (1984–1992)<ref name="Soccernet">Patrick Akoto (10 April 2012). [http://www.ghanasoccernet.com/ghana-fa-reaches-agreement-with-kwesi-appiah-set-to-be-unveiled-on-april-17/ "Ghana FA reaches agreement with Kwesi Appiah, set to be unveiled on April 17"]. Ghana Soccernet. [https://web.archive.org/web/20171024152915/http://ghanasoccernet.com/ghana-fa-reaches-agreement-with-kwesi-appiah-set-to-be-unveiled-on-april-17/ Archived] from the original on 24 October 2017. Retrieved 10 April 2012.</ref> * [[Abedi Pele]] (1992–1998)<ref>[https://citisportsonline.com/2020/06/01/abedi-pele-i-did-not-lobby-for-black-stars-captaincy/ "Abedi Pele: I did not lobby for Black Stars captaincy"]. ''Citi Sports Online''. 1 June 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210722174706/https://citisportsonline.com/2020/06/01/abedi-pele-i-did-not-lobby-for-black-stars-captaincy/ Archived] from the original on 22 July 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref> *Charles Akonnor (1999–2001) * Stephen Appiah (2002–2010)<ref>[https://www.myjoyonline.com/the-black-stars-10-no-2-stephen-appiah-a-leader-in-a-historic-generation/ "The Black Stars 10: No 2, Stephen Appiah – A leader in a historic generation - MyJoyOnline.com"]. ''www.myjoyonline.com''. 10 November 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210722174700/https://www.myjoyonline.com/the-black-stars-10-no-2-stephen-appiah-a-leader-in-a-historic-generation/ Archived] from the original on 22 July 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref> * John Mensah (2010–2012)<ref>[https://www.modernghana.com/sports/616577/today-in-history-john-mensah-confirmed-as-black.html "Today in history: John Mensah Confirmed as Black Stars captain"]. ''Modern Ghana''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210722174701/https://www.modernghana.com/sports/616577/today-in-history-john-mensah-confirmed-as-black.html Archived] from the original on 22 July 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref> * [[Asamoah Gyan]] (2012–2019)<ref>[https://www.modernghana.com/sports/425565/gyan-made-permanent-black-stars-captain.html "Gyan made permanent Black Stars captain"]. ''Modern Ghana''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210722174700/https://www.modernghana.com/sports/425565/gyan-made-permanent-black-stars-captain.html Archived] from the original on 22 July 2021. Retrieved 22 July 2021.</ref> * '''André Ayew''' (2019–)<ref>Association, Ghana Football. [https://www.ghanafa.org/andre-ayew-maintains-black-stars-captaincy-partey-ofori-to-assist-him "Andre Ayew maintains Black Stars captaincy, Partey, Ofori to assist him"]. ''www.ghanafa.org''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201029114653/https://www.ghanafa.org/andre-ayew-maintains-black-stars-captaincy-partey-ofori-to-assist-him Archived] from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 22 December 2020.</ref><ref>[https://ghanasoccernet.com/maritzburg-goalkeeper-richard-ofori-named-as-ghana-second-deputy-captain "Maritzburg goalkeeper Richard Ofori named as Ghana second deputy captain"]. ''GhanaSoccernet''. 13 September 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210722180203/https://ghanasoccernet.com/maritzburg-goalkeeper-richard-ofori-named-as-ghana-second-deputy-captain Archived] from the original on 22 July 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2020.</ref> == Competitive record == === Summary === {| class="wikitable" !Competition !'''1''' !2 !3 !Total |- |World Cup |0 |0 |0 |0 |- |Africa Cup of Nations |4 |5 |1 |10 |- !Total !4 !5 !1 !10 |} === FIFA World Cup === [[File:Black_Stars_(World_Cup).jpg|right|thumb|280x280px|For de 2006 World Cup den vs. Uruguay insyd de 2010 FIFA World Cup quarter-final match for Soccer City, Johannesburg for 2 July 2010]] Ghana qualify give 4 FIFA World Cup tournaments; 2006, 2010, 2014, den 2022. Insyd 2006, na ebe de African side per make e advance go de second round of de World Cup insyd Germany, wey na ebe de 6th nation for row wey komot Africa make e progress beyond de group stages of de World Cup.<ref name="Ghana 2-1 USA">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2006/4853408.stm "Ghana 2–1 USA"]. BBC. 22 June 2006. [https://web.archive.org/web/20090116035657/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2006/4853408.stm Archived] from the original on 16 January 2009. Retrieved 29 February 2012.</ref> Na e get de youngest team insyd de 2006 edition plus average age of 23 years den 352 days,<ref name="Ghana 2-1 USA" /> wey na dem praise dem for dema improving performance.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131002174229/http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/organisation/news/newsid=106133/index.html "Rehhagel: Africa is catching up"]. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 13 September 2006. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/organisation/news/newsid=106133/index.html the original] on 2 October 2013.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110430044305/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/ranking/news/newsid=104682.html "Black Stars Ascend To Glory"]. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 27 July 2006. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/ranking/news/newsid=104682.html the original] on 30 April 2011.</ref> FIFA rank am 13th out of de 32 countries wey compete insyd de tournament.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131202231111/http://www.myradiogoldlive.com/index.php/articles/4432-amazing-black-stars-set-eyes-on-brazil-2014 "Amazing Black Stars Set Eyes on Brazil 2014"]. ''Radio Gold 90.5''. 16 October 2013. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 23 November 2013.</ref> Insyd de 2010 World Cup, e progress beyond de group stages of de World Cup insyd [[South Africa]], wey dem reach de quarter-finals wer na Uruguay eliminate dem. Na e be defeated for penalty shootout after Luis Suárez hand-ball for de goal line top into extra time, wey prevent possible winning goal.<ref>Fletcher, Paul. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2010/matches/match_58 "Uruguay 1–1 Ghana (4–2 pens)"]. ''BBC Sport''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201109013011/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2010/matches/match_58 Archived] from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 29 February 2012.</ref> Of de 32 countries wey participate insyd de 2010 edition, FIFA rank am 7th.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120109025239/http://ghanafa.org/blackstars/201007/4902.php "Ghana records best World Cup ranking"]. ''ghanafa.org''. Ghana Football Association (GFA). 13 July 2010. Archived from [http://www.ghanafa.org/blackstars/201007/4902.php the original] on 9 January 2012. Retrieved 28 February 2012.</ref> After dem beat Egypt 7–3 for aggregate insyd November 2013, e qualify give de 2014 World Cup insyd Brazil.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131120004419/http://www.fifa.com//worldcup/preliminaries/news/newsid=2225273/index.html "Ghana qualify, Egypt go down fighting"]. ''fifa.com''. FIFA. 19 November 2013. Archived from [https://web.archive.org/web/20131213023135/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/preliminaries/news/newsid=2225273/index.html the original] on 20 November 2013. Retrieved 9 December 2013.</ref> Na dem draw am insyd Group G plus Germany, United States den Portugal.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131207183555/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/final-draw/news/newsid=2240026/index.html "Final Draw reveals intriguing groups"]. ''fifa.com''. FIFA. 6 December 2013. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/final-draw/news/newsid=2240026/index.html the original] on 7 December 2013. Retrieved 9 December 2013.</ref> For de first time, e fall insyd de group stage, dey tie Germany 2–2 wey e loose to de United States den Portugal by 2–1.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131207183555/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/final-draw/news/newsid=2240026/index.html "Final Draw reveals intriguing groups"]. ''fifa.com''. FIFA. 6 December 2013. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/final-draw/news/newsid=2240026/index.html the original] on 7 December 2013. Retrieved 9 December 2013.</ref> For de first time, e fall insyd de group stage, tie Germany 2–2 wey e loose to de United States den Portugal by 2–1.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140628205703/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/matches/round=255931/match=300186476/match-report.html "Ronaldo downs Ghana but Portugal crash out"]. ''FIFA.com''. 26 June 2014. Archived from [https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/matches/round=255931/match=300186476/match-report.html the original] on 28 June 2014. Retrieved 26 June 2014.</ref> {| class="wikitable" !Round !Pld !W !D !L !GF !GA !GD |- |World Cup Finals |15 |5 |3 |7 |18 |23 |−5 |- |World Cup Quals (H) |34 |24 |8 |2 |78 |19 | +59 |- |World Cup Quals (A) |33 |9 |8 |16 |37 |42 |−5 |- | colspan="8" | |- |Total |82 |38 |19 |25 |133 |84 | +49 |} {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="10" |FIFA World Cup record ! rowspan="25" | ! colspan="9" |Qualification record |- !Year !Round !Position !Pld !W !D !L !GF !GA !Squad !Pld !W !D !L !GF !GA !Campaign |- |1930 to 1954 | colspan="9" |''Part of United Kingdom'' | colspan="9" |''Part of United Kingdom'' |- |1958 | colspan="9" |''No be FIFA member'' | colspan="9" |''No be FIFA member'' |- |1962 | colspan="9" |''Dem no qualify'' |2 |1 |1 |0 |2 |0 |1962 |- |1966 | colspan="9" rowspan="2" |''Dem withdraw'' | colspan="8" rowspan="2" |''Dem withdraw'' |- |1970 |- |1974 | colspan="9" rowspan="2" |''Dem no qualify'' |6 |3 |1 |1 |14 |5 |1974 |- |1978 |3 |1 |0 |2 |3 |5 |1978 |- |1982 | colspan="9" rowspan="2" |''Dem withdraw'' | colspan="8" rowspan="2" |''Dem withdraw'' |- |1986 |- |1990 | colspan="9" rowspan="4" |''Dem no qualify'' |2 |0 |1 |1 |0 |2 |1990 |- |1994 |4 |2 |0 |2 |4 |3 |1994 |- |1998 |8 |2 |4 |2 |9 |8 |1998 |- | 2002 |12 |4 |3 |4 |10 |11 |2002 |- |2006 |Round of 16 |13th |4 |2 |0 |2 |4 |6 |Squad |12 |8 |3 |1 |24 |4 |2006 |- |2010 |Quarter-finals |7th |5 |2 |2 |1 |5 |4 |Squad |12 |8 |1 |3 |20 |8 |2010 |- |2014 |Group stage |25th |3 |0 |1 |2 |4 |6 |Squad |8 |6 |0 |2 |25 |6 |2014 |- |2018 | colspan="9" |''Did not qualify'' |8 |2 |5 |1 |9 |5 |2018 |- |2022 |Group stage |24th |3 |1 |0 |2 |5 |7 |Squad |8 |4 |3 |1 |8 |4 |2022 |- |  2026 | colspan="9" |''Qualification for progress'' |4 |3 |0 |1 |7 |5 |2026 |- |  2030 | colspan="9" rowspan="2" |''Dem go determine'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" |''Dem go determine'' |2030 |- |2034 |2034 |- | colspan="18" | |- !Total !Quarter-finals !4/16 !15 !5 !3 !7 !18 !23 !– !89 !44 !22 !21 !135 !66 |} [[File:Black_Stars_(Africa_Cup_of_Nations).jpg|right|thumb|280x280px|For de CAF Africa Cup of Nations]] === Africa Cup of Nations === De ''Black Stars'' of Ghana win de Africa Cup of Nations four times: insyd 1963, 1965, 1978, den 1982, dem better am per by Cameroon den Egypt. As de first winner of three AFCON tournaments, Ghana obtain de right make e permanently hold de trophy insyd 1978.<ref name="BBC-Newtrophy">BBC News (25 September 2001). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/1562471.stm "Nations Cup trophy revealed"]. BBC. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220526023346/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/1562471.stm Archived] from the original on 26 May 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2007.</ref> [[File:ACON_2015_GHA_GUI_(16511976922).jpg|thumb|278x278px|AFCON 2015 match plus Guinea]] {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="9" |Africa Cup of Nations record ! colspan="7" |Africa Cup of Nations qualification |- !Year !Round !Position !Pld !W !D* !L !GF !GA !Pld !W !D* !L !GF !GA |- |1957 | colspan="8" rowspan="2" |''No be affiliate to CAF'' | colspan="6" rowspan="2" |''No be affiliate to CAF'' |- |1959 |- |1962 | colspan="8" |''Dem no qualify'' |2 |0 |2* |0 |2 |2 |- |'''1963''' |'''Champions''' |'''1st''' |'''3''' |'''2''' |'''1''' |'''0''' |'''6''' |'''1''' | colspan="6" |''Dem qualify as hosts'' |- |'''1965''' |'''Champions''' |'''1st''' |'''3''' |'''3''' |'''0''' |'''0''' |'''12''' |'''5''' | colspan="6" |''Dem qualify as defending champions'' |- |'''1968''' |'''Runners-up''' |'''2nd''' |'''5''' |'''3''' |'''1''' |'''1''' |'''11''' |'''8''' | colspan="6" |''Dem qualify as defending champions'' |- |'''1970''' |'''Runners-up''' |'''2nd''' |'''5''' |'''2''' |'''2''' |'''1''' |'''6''' |'''4''' |2 |2 |0 |0 |15 |1 |- |1972 | colspan="8" rowspan="3" |''Dem no qualify'' |2 |0 |0 |1 |0 |1 |- |1974 |4 |1 |0 |3 |3 |6* |- |1976 |4 |2 |1 |1 |7 |6* |- |1978 |'''Champions''' |'''1st''' |'''5''' |'''4''' |'''1''' |'''0''' |'''9''' |'''2''' | colspan="6" |''Dem qualify as hosts'' |- |1980 |Group stage |5th |3 |1 |1 |1 |1 |1 | colspan="6" |''Dem qualify as defending champions'' |- |1982 |'''Champions''' |'''1st''' |'''5''' |'''2''' |'''3''' |'''0''' |'''7''' |'''5''' |4 |2 |2 |0 |6 |4 |- |1984 |Group stage |6th |3 |1 |0 |2 |2 |4 | colspan="6" |''Dem qualify as defending champions'' |- |1986 | colspan="8" rowspan="3" |''Dem no qualify'' |4 |2 |1 |1 |5 |4 |- |1988 |2 |0 |1 |1 |1 |2 |- |1990 |2 |1 |0 |1* |1 |1 |- |1992 |'''Runners-up''' |'''2nd''' |'''5''' |'''4''' |'''1''' |'''0''' |'''6''' |'''2''' |8 |5 |2 |1 |11 |3 |- |1994 |Quarter-finals |5th |3 |2 |0 |1 |3 |2 |2 |2 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- |'''1996''' |'''Fourth place''' |'''4th''' |'''6''' |'''4''' |'''0''' |'''2''' |'''7''' |'''5''' |4 |3 |0 |1 |9 |3 |- |1998 |Group stage |11th |3 |1 |0 |2 |3 |3 |4 |2 |1 |1 |4 |3 |- | 2000 |Quarter-finals |8th |4 |1 |1 |2 |3 |4 | colspan="6" |''Dem qualify as hosts'' |- |2002 |Quarter-finals |7th |4 |1 |2 |1 |2 |2 |6 |4 |1 |1 |16 |4 |- |2004 | colspan="8" |''Did not qualify'' |4 |1 |1 |2 |4 |4 |- |2006 |Group stage |10th |3 |1 |0 |2 |2 |3 |10 |6 |3 |1 |11 |7 |- |'''2008''' |'''Third place''' |'''3rd''' |'''6''' |'''5''' |'''0''' |'''1''' |'''11''' |'''5''' | colspan="6" |''Dem qualify as hosts'' |- |2010 |'''Runners-up''' |'''2nd''' |'''5''' |'''3''' |'''0''' |'''2''' |'''4''' |'''4''' |10 |8 |1 |3 |20 |6 |- |'''2012''' |'''Fourth place''' |'''4th''' |'''6''' |'''3''' |'''1''' |'''2''' |'''6''' |'''5''' |6 |5 |0 |1 |13 |1 |- |'''2013''' |'''Fourth place''' |'''4th''' |'''6''' |'''3''' |'''2''' |'''1''' |'''10''' |'''6''' |2 |2 |0 |0 |3 |0 |- |2015 |'''Runners-up''' |'''2nd''' |'''6''' |'''4''' |'''1''' |'''1''' |'''10''' |'''3''' |6 |3 |2 |1 |11 |7 |- |'''2017''' |'''Fourth place''' |'''4th''' |'''6''' |'''3''' |'''0''' |'''3''' |'''4''' |'''5''' |6 |4 |2 |0 |14 |3 |- |2019 |Round of 16 |12th |4 |1 |3 |0 |5 |3 |4 |3 |0 |1 |8 |1 |- |2021 |Group stage |19th |3 |0 |1 |2 |3 |5 |6 |4 |1 |1 |9 |3 |- |2023 |Group stage |17th |3 |0 |2 |1 |5 |6 |6 |3 |3 |0 |8 |3 |- |2025 | colspan="8" rowspan="3" |''Dem go determine'' | colspan="6" rowspan="3" |''Dem go determine'' |- |  2027 |- |2029 |- | colspan="15" | |- !Total !4 Titles !24/34 !105 !54 !23 !28 !138 !93 !106 !63 !24 !23 !169 !75 |} : ''*Draws dey include matches dem decide by penalty shoot-out.'' === West African Nations Cup den WAFU Nations Cup === {| class="wikitable" |'''West African Nations Cup [SCSA Zone III]''' {| class="wikitable" !Year !Round !Position !Pld !W !D !L !GF !GA !GD |- |[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesc/cssa.html 1982] |Final |Winner |5 |3 |2 |0 |14 |8 | +6 |- |[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesc/cssa.html 1983] |Final |Winner |4 |3 |1 |0 |7 |2 | +5 |- |[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesc/cssa.html 1984] |Final |Winner |5 |2 |3 |0 |9 |5 | +4 |- |[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesc/cssa.html 1986] |Final |Winner |6 |5 |1 |0 |12 |2 | +10 |- |[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesc/cssa.html 1987] |Final |Winner |5 |5 |0 |0 |14 |2 | +12 |- | colspan="11" | |- |Total | | |25 |18 |7 |0 |56 |19 | +37 |} |} '''West African Football Union Nations Cup''' {| class="wikitable" !Year !Round !Position !Pld !W !D !L !GF !GA !GD |- |2010 |Semi-final |Third place |5 |4 |0 |1 |11 |3 | +8 |- |2011 |Semi-final |4th place |4 |1 |0 |3 |5 |8 |−3 |- |2013 |Final |Winner |4 |3 |0 |1 |9 |4 | +5 |- | colspan="11" | |- |Total | | |13 |8 |0 |5 |25 |15 | +10 |} === Olympic Games === {| class="wikitable" !Year !Round !Position !Pld !W !D !L !GF !GA |- !London 1908 | colspan="8" rowspan="9" |''Dem no participate'' |- !Stockholm 1912 |- !Antwerp 1920 |- !Paris 1924 |- !Amsterdam 1928 |- !Berlin 1936 |- !London 1948 |- !Helsinki 1952 ^[a] |- !Melbourne 1956 |- !Rome 1960 | colspan="8" |''Dem no qualify'' |- !Tokyo 1964 |Quarter-final |7th |4 |1 |1 |2 |7 |12 |- !Mexico 1968 |Round 1 |12th |3 |0 |2 |1 |6 |8 |- !Munich 1972 |Round 1 |16th |3 |0 |0 |3 |1 |11 |- !Montreal 1976 | colspan="8" rowspan="2" |''Dem withdraw after qualifying'' |- !Moscow 1980 |- !Los Angeles 1984 | colspan="8" rowspan="2" |''Dem no qualify'' |- !Seoul 1988 |- | colspan="9" | |- |Total | | |10 |1 |3 |6 |14 |31 |} : '''^a.''' '''''Note''': De Gold Coast team dem establish insyd 1950; country dem know as Gold Coast then dem rename Ghana insyd 1957, no dey compete insyd international tournaments wey e no be part of neither FIFA nor CAF til 1958, den derfor dem recognize am by de International Olympic Committee (IOC).'' === Oda === * '''Nkrumah Cup'''<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/nkrumah.html Dr Kwame Nkrumah Gold Cup – West African Soccer Federation championship] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221105173930/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/nkrumah.html Archived] 5 November 2022 at the Wayback Machine. [https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/nkrumah.html <nowiki>[2]</nowiki>] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221105173930/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesn/nkrumah.html Archived] 5 November 2022 at the Wayback Machine. RSSSF. Retrieved 9 January 2013.</ref> : Winners: 1959, 1960, 1963 * '''Ugandan Independence Tournament'''<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesu/uga-ind62.html "Uganda Independence Tournament 1962"]. ''RSSSF''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220927090454/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesu/uga-ind62.html Archived] from the original on 27 September 2022. Retrieved 26 June 2019.</ref> : Winners: 1962 * '''Pestabola Merdeka'''<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/merdeka82.html Merdeka Tournament 1982 (Malaysia)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221019041057/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/merdeka82.html Archived] 19 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine. [https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/merdeka82.html <nowiki>[3]</nowiki>] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221019041057/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesm/merdeka82.html Archived] 19 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine. RSSSF. Retrieved 9 January 2013.</ref> : Runners up: 1982 * '''Samuel K. Doe Cup 1986'''<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesl/liberia-tourn86.html Samuel K. Doe Cup 1986] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230405060644/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesl/liberia-tourn86.html Archived] 5 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine. [https://www.rsssf.org/tablesl/liberia-tourn86.html <nowiki>[4]</nowiki>] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230405060644/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesl/liberia-tourn86.html Archived] 5 April 2023 at the Wayback Machine. RSSSF. Retrieved 9 January 2013.</ref> : Runners up: 1986 * '''Black Stars Tournament 1993 (Libreville, Gabon)'''<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesb/blackstars92.html Black Stars Tournament 1993 (Libreville, Gabon)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221005145213/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesb/blackstars92.html Archived] 5 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine. [https://www.rsssf.org/tablesb/blackstars92.html <nowiki>[5]</nowiki>] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221005145213/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesb/blackstars92.html Archived] 5 October 2022 at the Wayback Machine. RSSSF. Retrieved 12 February 2014.</ref> : Third: 1993 * '''Great Artificial River Championship 1999 (Libya)'''<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesg/great-artificial-river99.html Great Artificial River Championship 1999 (Libya)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221204154401/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesg/great-artificial-river99.html Archived] 4 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine. [https://www.rsssf.org/tablesg/great-artificial-river99.html <nowiki>[6]</nowiki>] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221204154401/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesg/great-artificial-river99.html Archived] 4 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine RSSSF. Retrieved 12 February 2014.</ref> : Runners up: 1999 * '''LG Cup'''<ref>[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesl/lgcup1-03.html LG Cup Four Nations Tournament (Nigeria) 2003] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221203020801/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesl/lgcup1-03.html Archived] 3 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine. [https://www.rsssf.org/tablesl/lgcup1-03.html <nowiki>[7]</nowiki>] [https://web.archive.org/web/20221203020801/https://www.rsssf.org/tablesl/lgcup1-03.html Archived] 3 December 2022 at the Wayback Machine. RSSSF. Retrieved 9 January 2013.</ref> : Third: 2003 == References == <references /> == External links == Wikimedia Commons get media wey relate to '''''[[commons:Category:Ghana_national_football_team|Ghana national football team]]'''''. * [https://www.ghanafa.org/ Official website] of de Ghana Football Association * [https://www.rsssf.org/tablesg/gha-intres.html List of international matches] at de RSSSF * [https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/associations/GHA Ghana] at FIFA * [https://www.cafonline.com/member-associations/gha/ Ghana] at CAF [[Category:African national association football teams]] [[Category:Ghana national football team]] 5qifogmvivpsgiihfig8q1mdkuun3so 0 8421 112573 111054 2026-09-25T03:00:51Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112573 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''United States of America''' ('''USA'''), represent by de United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC), compete for de [[2024 Summer Olympics]] insyd Paris from July 26 to August 11, 2024. U.S. athletes appear insyd every Summer Olympic Games of de modern era, except for de 1980 edition insyd Moscow, wen na America lead sixty-six-nation boycott for protest of de Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. As Los Angeles dey host de 2028 Summer Olympics, de United States march penultimately before de homebound French team enter Place du Trocadéro during de parade of nations segment of de opening ceremony. Additionally, American segment wey dey feature H.E.R. den Tom Cruise wey komot Paris, den de Red Hot Chili Peppers, Billie Eilish, Snoop Dogg, den Dr. Dre wey komot Long Beach, wey na dem perform during de closing ceremony. Na de opening ceremony flag-bearers give de United States be LeBron James den Coco Gauff. James, two-time Olympic gold medalist, be de first male basketball player make dem choose am.<ref name=":0">[https://www.bbc.com/sport/articles/c250z5rgwj3o "NBA superstar James named USA's Olympic flagbearer"]. ''BBC''. July 22, 2024. Retrieved July 22, 2024.</ref><ref name=":1">[https://www.usab.com/news/2024/07/lebron-james-to-serve-as-flag-bearer-for-team-usa-at-paris-2024-opening-ceremony "LeBron James to Serve as Flag Bearer for Team USA at Paris 2024 Opening Ceremony"]. ''USA Basketball''. July 22, 2024. Retrieved July 22, 2024.</ref> For 20 years of age, Gauff be de youngest American athlete den de first tennis player make dem honor am.<ref name=":2">Weisholtz, Drew (July 24, 2024). [https://www.today.com/news/paris-olympics/team-usa-2024-paris-olympics-flag-bearers-rcna162997 "Coco Gauff joins LeBron James as flag bearer for Team USA at Olympic opening ceremony: EXCLUSIVE"]. ''Today''. Retrieved July 24, 2024.</ref><ref name=":3">[https://www.usopc.org/news/2024/july/24/coco-gauff-named-team-usa-s-female-flag-bearer-for-opening-ceremony-joins-lebron-james-in-leading-u-s-delegation "Coco Gauff named Team USA's Female Flag Bearer for Opening Ceremony; Joins LeBron James in Leading U.S. Delegation"]. ''USOPC''. July 24, 2024. Retrieved July 24, 2024.</ref> Na de closing ceremony flag-bearers be Nick Mead den Katie Ledecky. Na Mead be part of de U.S. men's four rowing team wey win dema first gold medal since 1960, while Ledecky, nine-time Olympic gold medalist, cam turn de most decorated female Olympian make dem choose am.<ref name=":4">[https://www.nbc.com/nbc-insider/katie-ledecky-nick-mead-carry-us-flag-olympics-closing-ceremony "Katie Ledecky, Nick Mead Chosen to Carry U.S. Flag at Olympics Closing Ceremony"]. ''NBC''. August 8, 2024.</ref> De United States compete insyd all sports except handball wey na ebe represented by chaw female dan male athletes for de fourth consecutive time insyd de Summer Olympics (278 men den 314 women).<ref name=":5">[https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/profile/united-states "United States Profile"]. ''olympics.com''. 2024. Retrieved September 7, 2024.</ref> De team top de medal rankings for de fourth consecutive den 19th overall time, plus total of 40 gold, 44 silver, den 42 bronze medals.<ref name=":6">[https://www.bbc.com/sport/olympics/articles/c80evjzy2jlo "USA top medal table after winning thrilling last gold"]. ''BBC''. August 11, 2024.</ref> Tie plus [[China at the 2024 Summer Olympics|China]] for golds (40), de U.S. place first insyd de overall medal tally via tiebreaker (44–27 insyd silver). De occasion mark de first time insyd Summer Olympic history wey two countries fini plus equal number of gold medals for de top.<ref>Writer, Maren Angus-Coombs Contributing Sports (August 11, 2024). [https://www.newsweek.com/sports/final-medal-count-2024-creates-first-time-summer-olympic-history-1937583 "Final Medal Count For 2024 Creates First-Time Summer Olympic History"]. ''Newsweek''. Retrieved August 11, 2024.</ref> Additionally, de Americans win 126 medals overall compare to China ein 91.<ref>[https://www.npr.org/2024/08/11/nx-s1-5071150/paris-olympics-medal-total-us-gold "The final Olympic medal tally puts the U.S. on top in Paris"]. ''NPR''. August 11, 2024.</ref><ref>Bruton, Michelle. [https://www.forbes.com/sites/michellebruton/2024/08/11/final-olympic-medal-count-where-did-the-usa-finish/ "Final Olympic Medal Count: Where Did The U.S. Finish?"]. ''Forbes''. Retrieved August 21, 2024.</ref> == Medalists == De following U.S. competitors win medals for de games. Insyd de discipline sections below, de medalists dema names be '''bolded'''. {|class="wikitable sortable" style=font-size:95% |- !Medal !Name !Sport !Event !Date |- |1 Gold |Jack Alexy<br />Hunter Armstrong<br />Caeleb Dressel<br />Chris Guiliano<br />Ryan Held<br />Matt King (swimmer) |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Men's 4 × 100 m freestyle relay |July 27 |- |1 Gold |Lee Kiefer |Fencing |Women's foil |July 28 |- |1 Gold |Torri Huske |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre butterfly|Women's 100 m butterfly]] |July 28 |- |1 Gold |Simone Biles<br />Jade Carey<br />Jordan Chiles<br />Sunisa Lee<br />Hezly Rivera |Gymnastics |Women's artistic team all-around |July 30 |- |1 Gold |Katie Ledecky |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's 1500 metre freestyle|Women's 1500 m freestyle]] |July 31 |- |1 Gold |Jacqueline Dubrovich<br />Lee Kiefer<br />Lauren Scruggs (fencer)<br />Maia Weintraub |Fencing |Women's team foil |August 1 |- |1 Gold |Simone Biles |Gymnastics |Women's artistic individual all-around |August 1 |- |1 Gold |Justin Best<br />Liam Corrigan<br />Michael Grady<br />Nick Mead (rower) |Rowing |Men's four |August 1 |- |1 Gold |Kate Douglass |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metre breaststroke|Women's 200 m breaststroke]] |August 1 |- |1 Gold |Ryan Crouser |Athletics |Men's shot put |August 3 |- |1 Gold |Simone Biles |Gymnastics |Women's vault |August 3 |- |1 Gold |Vincent Hancock |Shooting |Men's skeet |August 3 |- |1 Gold |Katie Ledecky |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Women's 800 m freestyle |August 3 |- |1 Gold |Caeleb Dressel<br />Nic Fink<br />Torri Huske<br />Ryan Murphy (swimmer)<br />Regan Smith (swimmer)<br />Charlie Swanson<br />Gretchen Walsh<br />Abbey Weitzeil |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Mixed 4 × 100 m medley relay |August 3 |- |1 Gold |Noah Lyles |Athletics |Men's 100 m |August 4 |- |1 Gold |Kristen Faulkner |Cycling |Women's individual road race |August 4 |- |1 Gold |Scottie Scheffler |Golf |Men's individual |August 4 |- |1 Gold |Bobby Finke |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Men's 1500 m freestyle |August 4 |- |1 Gold |Katharine Berkoff<br />Kate Douglass<br />Torri Huske<br />Lilly King<br />Alex Shackell<br />Regan Smith (swimmer)<br />Gretchen Walsh<br />Emma Weber |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Women's 4 × 100 m medley relay |August 4 |- |1 Gold |Valarie Allman |Athletics |Women's discus throw |August 5 |- |1 Gold |Caroline Marks |Surfing |Women's shortboard |August 5 |- |1 Gold |Cole Hocker |Athletics |Men's 1500 m |August 6 |- |1 Gold |Gabby Thomas |Athletics |Women's 200 m |August 6 |- |1 Gold |Amit Elor |Wrestling |Women's freestyle 68 kg |August 6 |- |1 Gold |Quincy Hall |Athletics |Men's 400 m |August 7 |- |1 Gold |Chloé Dygert<br />Kristen Faulkner<br />Jennifer Valente<br />Lily Williams (cyclist) |Cycling |Women's team pursuit |August 7 |- |1 Gold |Sarah Hildebrandt |Wrestling |Women's freestyle 50 kg |August 7 |- |1 Gold |Grant Holloway |Athletics |Men's 110 m hurdles |August 8 |- |1 Gold |Sydney McLaughlin-Levrone |Athletics |Women's 400 m hurdles |August 8 |- |1 Gold |Tara Davis-Woodhall |Athletics |Women's long jump |August 8 |- |1 Gold |Rai Benjamin |Athletics |Men's 400 m hurdles |August 9 |- |1 Gold |Melissa Jefferson<br />Sha'Carri Richardson<br />Twanisha Terry<br />Gabby Thomas |Athletics |Women's 4 x 100 m relay |August 9 |- |1 Gold |Olivia Reeves |Weightlifting |Women's 71 kg |August 9 |- |1 Gold |Christopher Bailey<br />Rai Benjamin<br />Bryce Deadmon<br />Vernon Norwood<br />Quincy Wilson (runner)<br /> |Athletics |Men's 4 × 400 m relay |August 10 |- |1 Gold |Masai Russell |Athletics |Women's 100 m hurdles |August 10 |- ||1 Gold |Kaylyn Brown<br />Aaliyah Butler<br />Quanera Hayes<br />Alexis Holmes<br />Shamier Little<br />Sydney McLaughlin-Levrone<br />Gabby Thomas |Athletics |Women's 4 × 400 m relay |August 10 |- ||1 Gold |United States|United States men's national basketball team * Bam Adebayo * Devin Booker * Stephen Curry * Anthony Davis * Kevin Durant * Anthony Edwards * Joel Embiid * Tyrese Haliburton * Jrue Holiday * LeBron James * Jayson Tatum * Derrick White |Basketball |Men's tournament |August 10 |- |1 Gold |United States|United States women's national soccer team * Korbin Albert * Croix Bethune * Sam Coffey * Tierna Davidson * Crystal Dunn * Emily Fox * Naomi Girma * Lindsey Horan * Casey Krueger * Rose Lavelle * Casey Murphy * Alyssa Naeher * Jenna Nighswonger * Trinity Rodman * Emily Sams * Jaedyn Shaw * Sophia Smith * Emily Sonnett * Mallory Swanson * Lynn Williams |Football |[[Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament|Women's tournament]] |August 10 |- |1 Gold |United States|United States women's national basketball team * Napheesa Collier * Kahleah Copper * Chelsea Gray * Brittney Griner * Sabrina Ionescu * Jewell Loyd * Kelsey Plum * Breanna Stewart * Diana Taurasi * Alyssa Thomas * A'ja Wilson * Jackie Young |Basketball |Women's tournament |August 11 |- |1 Gold |Jennifer Valente |Cycling |Women's omnium |August 11 |- |2 Silver |Sarah Bacon<br />Kassidy Cook |Diving |Women's synchronized 3 m springboard |July 27 |- |2 Silver |Erika Connolly^[a] Kate Douglass Torri Huske Simone Manuel Gretchen Walsh Abbey Weitzeil^[a] |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Women's 4 × 100 m freestyle relay |July 27 |- |2 Silver |Haley Batten |Cycling |Women's cross-country |July 28 |- |2 Silver |Lauren Scruggs |Fencing |Women's foil |July 2 |- |2 Silver |Nic Fink |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre breaststroke|Men's 100 m breaststroke]] |July 28 |- |2 Silver |Gretchen Walsh |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre butterfly|Women's 100 m butterfly]] |July 28 |- |2 Silver |Jagger Eaton |Skateboarding |Men's street |July 29 |- |2 Silver |Katie Grimes |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Women's 400 m individual medley |July 29 |- |2 Silver |Bobby Finke |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metre freestyle|Men's 800 m freestyle]] |July 30 |- |2 Silver |Brooks Curry<br />Carson Foster<br />Chris Guiliano<br />Luke Hobson<br />Drew Kibler<br />Blake Pieroni<br />Kieran Smith |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay|Men's 4 × 200 m freestyle relay]] |July 30 |- |2 Silver |Regan Smith |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre backstroke|Women's 100 m backstroke]] |July 30 |- |2 Silver |Perris Benegas |Cycling |Women's BMX freestyle |July 31 |- |2 Silver |Torri Huske |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre freestyle|Women's 100 m freestyle]] |July 31 |- |2 Silver |Regan Smith |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Women's 200 m butterfly |August 1 |- |2 Silver |Erin Gemmel<br />Katie Ledecky<br />Paige Madden<br />Simone Manuel<br />Anna Peplowski<br />Alex Shackell<br />Claire Weinstein |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Women's 4 × 200 m freestyle relay |August 1 |- |2 Silver |Karl Cook (equestrian)<br />Laura Kraut<br />McLain Ward |Equestrian |Team jumping |August 2 |- |2 Silver |Sagen Maddalena |Shooting |Women's 50 m rifle three positions |August 2 |- |2 Silver |Regan Smith |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Women's 200 m backstroke |August 2 |- |2 Silver |Joe Kovacs |Athletics |Men's shot put |August 3 |- |2 Silver |Sha'Carri Richardson |Athletics |Women's 100 m |August 3 |- |2 Silver |Kaylyn Brown<br />Bryce Deadmon<br />Shamier Little<br />Vernon Norwood |Athletics |Mixed 4 × 400 m relay |August 3 |- |2 Silver |Conner Prince |Shooting |Men's skeet |August 3 |- |2 Silver |Kate Douglass |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Women's 200 m individual medley |August 3 |- |2 Silver |Austin Krajicek<br />Rajeev Ram |Tennis |Men's doubles |August 3 |- |2 Silver |Brady Ellison |Archery |Men's individual |August 4 |- |2 Silver |Jack Alexy<br />Hunter Armstrong<br />Caeleb Dressel<br />Nic Fink<br />Thomas Heilman<br />Ryan Murphy (swimmer)<br />Charlie Swanson |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Men's 4 × 100 m medley relay |August 4 |- |2 Silver |Sam Kendricks |Athletics |Men's pole vault |August 5 |- |2 Silver |Simone|Biles |Gymnastics |Women's floor |August 5 |- |2 Silver |Vincent Hancock<br />Austen Smith |Shooting |Mixed skeet team |August 5 |- |2 Silver |Taylor Knibb<br />Morgan Pearson<br />Seth Rider<br />Taylor Spivey |Triathlon |Mixed relay |August 5 |- |2 Silver |Annette Echikunwoke |Athletics |Women's hammer throw |August 6 |- |2 Silver |Anita Alvarez<br />Jamie Czarkowski<br />Megumi Field<br />Keana Hunter<br />Audrey Kwon<br />Jacklyn Luu<br />Daniella Ramirez<br />Ruby Remati |Artistic swimming |Team |August 7 |- |2 Silver |Katie Moon |Athletics |Women's pole vault |August 7 |- |2 Silver |Kenneth Rooks |Athletics |Men's 3000 m steeplechase |August 7 |- |2 Silver |Tom Schaar |Skateboarding |Men's park |August 7 |- |2 Silver |Kenny Bednarek |Athletics |Men's 200 m |August 8 |- |2 Silver |Daniel Roberts |Athletics |Men's 110 m hurdles |August 8 |- |2 Silver |Anna Cockrell |Athletics |Women's 400 m hurdles |August 8 |- |2 Silver |Spencer Lee |Wrestling |Men's freestyle 57 kg |August 9 |- |2 Silver |Shelby McEwen |Athletics |Men's high jump |August 10 |- |2 Silver |Nevin Harrison |Canoeing |Women's C-1 200 m |August 10 |- |2 Silver |Brooke Raboutou |Sport climbing |Women's combined |August 10 |- |2 Silver |United States|United States women's national volleyball team * Lauren Carlini * Andrea Drews * Micha Hancock * Jordan Larson * Chiaka Ogbogu * Kathryn Plummer * Jordyn Poulter * Dana Rettke * Kelsey Robinson * Avery Skinner * Jordan Thompson * Haleigh Washington * Justine Wong-Orantes |Volleyball |Women's tournament |August 11 |- |2 Silver |Kennedy Blades |Wrestling |Women's freestyle 76 kg |August 11 |- |3 Bronze |Chloé Dygert |Cycling |Women's road time trial |July 27 |- |3 Bronze |Katie Ledecky |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's 400 metre freestyle|Women's 400 m freestyle]] |July 27 |- |3 Bronze |Carson Foster |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Men's 400 m individual medley |July 28 |- |3 Bronze |Nick Itkin |Fencing |Men's foil |July 29 |- |3 Bronze |Asher Hong<br />Paul Juda<br />Brody Malone<br />Stephen Nedoroscik<br />Fred Richard |Gymnastics |Men's artistic team all-around |July 29 |- |3 Bronze |Nyjah Huston |Skateboarding |Men's street |July 29 |- |3 Bronze |Luke Hobson |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Men's 200 m freestyle |July 29 |- |3 Bronze |Ryan Murphy |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metre backstroke|Men's 100 m backstroke]] |July 29 |- |3 Bronze |Emma Weyant |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Women's 400 m individual medley |July 29 |- |3 Bronze |United States|United States women's national rugby sevens team * Kayla Canett * Lauren Doyle * Alev Kelter * Kristi Kirshe * Sarah Levy * Ilona Maher * Alena Olsen * Ariana Ramsey * Stephanie Rovetti * Spiff Sedrick * Sammy Sullivan * Naya Tapper |Rugby sevens |Women's tournament |July 30 |- |3 Bronze |Katharine Berkoff |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre backstroke|Women's 100 m backstroke]] |July 30 |- |3 Bronze |Evy Leibfarth |Canoeing |Women's slalom C-1 |July 31 |- |3 Bronze |Sunisa Lee |Gymnastics |Women's artistic individual all-around |August 1 |- |3 Bronze |Brady Ellison<br />Casey Kaufhold |Archery |Mixed team |August 2 |- |3 Bronze |Grant Fisher |Athletics |Men's 10,000 m |August 2 |- |3 Bronze |Ian Barrows<br />Hans Henken |Sailing |49er |August 2 |- |3 Bronze |Melissa Jefferson |Athletics |Women's 100 m |August 3 |- |3 Bronze |Jasmine Moore |Athletics |Women's triple jump |August 3 |- |3 Bronze |Stephen Nedoroscik |Gymnastics |Men's pommel horse |August 3 |- |3 Bronze |Jade Carey |Gymnastics |Women's vault |August 3 |- |3 Bronze |Christopher Carlson<br />Peter Chatain<br />Clark Dean<br />Henry Hollingsworth (rower)<br />Rielly Milne (Coxswain (rowing))<br />Evan Olson (rower)<br />Pieter Quinton<br />Nicholas Rusher<br />Christian Tabash |Rowing |Men's eight |August 3 |- |3 Bronze |Paige Madden |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |Women's 800 m freestyle |August 3 |- |3 Bronze |Taylor Fritz<br />Tommy Paul (tennis) |Tennis |Men's doubles |August 3 |- |3 Bronze |Fred Kerley |Athletics |Men's 100 m |August 4 |- |3 Bronze |Sunisa Lee |Gymnastics |Women's uneven bars |August 4 |- |3 Bronze |Austen Smith |Shooting |Women's skeet |August 4 |- |3 Bronze |United States|United States women's national 3x3 team<br />Cierra Burdick<br />Dearica Hamby<br />Rhyne Howard<br />Hailey Van Lith |Basketball |Women's 3x3 tournament |August 5 |- |3 Bronze |Yared Nuguse |Athletics |Men's 1500 m |August 6 |- |3 Bronze |Brittany Brown |Athletics |Women's 200 m |August 6 |- |3 Bronze |Omari Jones |Boxing |Men's welterweight |August 6 |- |3 Bronze |Hampton Morris |Weightlifting |Men's 61 kg |August 7 |- |3 Bronze |Noah Lyles |Athletics |Men's 200 m |August 8 |- |3 Bronze |Jasmine Moore |Athletics |Women's long jump |August 8 |- |3 Bronze |Sam Watson |Sport climbing |Men's speed |August 8 |- |3 Bronze |Kristina Teachout |Taekwondo |Women's 67 kg |August 9 |- |3 Bronze |United States|United States men's national volleyball team * Matt Anderson * Taylor Averill * Micah Christenson * TJ DeFalco * Maxwell Holt * Thomas Jaeschke * Jeffrey Jendryk * Micah Maʻa * Garrett Muagututia * Aaron Russell * Erik Shoji * David Smith |Volleyball |Men's tournament |August 9 |- |3 Bronze |Aaron Brooks |Wrestling |Men's freestyle 86 kg |August 9 |- |3 Bronze |Helen Maroulis |Wrestling |Women's freestyle 57 kg |August 9 |- |3 Bronze |Grant Fisher |Athletics |Men's 5000 m |August 10 |- |3 Bronze |Victor Montalvo |Breaking |B-Boys |August 10 |- |3 Bronze |Kyle Dake |Wrestling |Men's freestyle 74 kg |August 10 |- |3 Bronze |United States|United States men's national water polo team * Alex Bowen * Luca Cupido * Hannes Daube * Chase Dodd * Ryder Dodd * Ben Hallock * Drew Holland * Johnny Hooper * Max Irving * Alex Obert * Marko Vavic * Adrian Weinberg * Dylan Woodhead |Water polo |Men's tournament |August 11 |} {|class=wikitable style=font-size:85%;float:right;text-align:center |+ Medals by sport |- !Sport |bgcolor=F7F6A8|Gold1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|Silver2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|Bronze3 !Total |- |Athletics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|14 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|11 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|9 |'''34''' |- |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|8 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|13 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|7 |'''28''' |- |Cycling |bgcolor=F7F6A8|3 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''6''' |- |Gymnastics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|3 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|5 |'''9''' |- |Wrestling |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|3 |'''7''' |- |Fencing |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''4''' |- |Basketball |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''3''' |- |Shooting |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|3 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''5''' |- |Rowing |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Weightlifting |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Football |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''1''' |- |Golf |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''1''' |- |Surfing |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''1''' |- |Skateboarding |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''3''' |- |Archery |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Canoeing |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Sport climbing |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Tennis |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Volleyball |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Artistic swimming |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''1''' |- |Diving |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''1''' |- |Equestrian |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''1''' |- |Triathlon |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''1''' |- |Boxing |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''1''' |- |Breaking |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''1''' |- |Rugby sevens |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''1''' |- |Sailing |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''1''' |- |Taekwondo |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''1''' |- |Water polo |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''1''' |- !Total !style=background:gold|40 !style=background:silver|44 !style=background:#c96|42 !126 |} {|class=wikitable style=font-size:85%;float:right;text-align:center |+ Medals by day |- !Day !Date |bgcolor=F7F6A8|Gold1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|Silver2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|Bronze3 !Total |- |1 |July 27 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|2 |'''5''' |- |2 |July 28 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|4 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''7''' |- |3 |July 29 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|6 |'''8''' |- |4 |July 30 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|3 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|2 |'''6''' |- |5 |July 31 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''4''' |- |6 |August 1 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|4 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''7''' |- |7 |August 2 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|3 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|3 |'''6''' |- |8 |August 3 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|5 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|6 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|7 |'''18''' |- |9 |August 4 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|5 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|3 |'''10''' |- |10 |August 5 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|4 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''7''' |- |11 |August 6 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|3 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|3 |'''7''' |- |12 |August 7 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|3 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|4 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''8''' |- |13 |August 8 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|3 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|3 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|3 |'''9''' |- |14 |August 9 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|3 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|4 |'''8''' |- |15 |August 10 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|5 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|3 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|3 |'''11''' |- |16 |August 11 |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''5''' |- !colspan=2|Total !style=background:gold|40 !style=background:silver|44 !style=background:#c96|42 !126 |} {|class=wikitable style=font-size:85%;float:right;text-align:center |+ Medals by gender |- !Gender |bgcolor=F7F6A8|Gold1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|Silver2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|Bronze3 !Total |- |Female |bgcolor=F7F6A8|26 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|24 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|18 |'''68''' |- |Male |bgcolor=F7F6A8|13 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|16 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|23 |'''52''' |- |Mixed |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|4 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''6''' |- !Total !style=background:gold|40 !style=background:silver|44 !style=background:#c96|42 !126 |} {|class=wikitable style=font-size:85%;text-align:center;float:right |+ Multiple medalists |- !Name !Sport |bgcolor=F7F6A8|Gold1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|Silver2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|Bronze3 !Total |- |Torri Huske |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|3 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''5''' |- |Regan Smith (swimmer) |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|3 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''5''' |- |Simone Biles |Gymnastics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|3 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''4''' |- |Kate Douglass |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''4''' |- |Gretchen Walsh |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''4''' |- |Katie Ledecky |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''4''' |- |Gabby Thomas |Athletics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|3 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''3''' |- |Caeleb Dressel |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''3''' |- |Nic Fink |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''3''' |- |Ryan Murphy (swimmer) |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''3''' |- |Sunisa Lee |Gymnastics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|2 |'''3''' |- |Rai Benjamin |Athletics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Kristen Faulkner |Cycling |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Lee Kiefer |Fencing |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Sydney McLaughlin-Levrone |Athletics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Jennifer Valente |Cycling |bgcolor=F7F6A8|2 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Jack Alexy |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Hunter Armstrong |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Kaylyn Brown |Athletics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Bryce Deadmon |Athletics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Bobby Finke |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Chris Giuliano |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Vincent Hancock |Shooting |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Shamier Little |Athletics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Vernon Norwood |Athletics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Sha'Carri Richardson |Athletics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Lauren Scruggs (fencer) |Fencing |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Alex Shackell |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Charlie Swanson |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Abbey Weitzeil |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Katharine Berkoff |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Jade Carey |Gymnastics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Chloé Dygert |Cycling |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Melissa Jefferson (athlete) |Athletics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Noah Lyles |Athletics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|1 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Simone Manuel |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|2 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|0 |'''2''' |- |Brady Ellison |Archery |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Carson Foster |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Luke Hobson |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Paige Madden |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Austen Smith |Shooting |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|1 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|1 |'''2''' |- |Grant Fisher |Athletics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|2 |'''2''' |- |Jasmine Moore |Athletics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|2 |'''2''' |- |Stephen Nedoroscik |Gymnastics |bgcolor=F7F6A8|0 |bgcolor=DCE5E5|0 |bgcolor=FFDAB9|2 |'''2''' |} <span style="font-size:85%;">Athletes wey participate insyd de heats per.</span> == Competitors == For July 10, 2024, de United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee announce de 592 athletes (314 women den 278 men) wey na dem qualify for wey dem go compete for de 2024 Paris Olympics.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240710164259/https://www.usopc.org/news/2024/july/10/u-s-olympic-paralympic-committee-names-592-member-2024-u-s-olympic-team "U.S. Olympic & Paralympic Committee names 592-member 2024 U.S. Olympic Team"]. USOPC. July 10, 2024. Retrieved July 10, 2024.</ref> De following be de list of number of competitors insyd de Games. Note say dem no count reserves insyd soccer:<ref name=":7">[https://www.teamusa.com/who-has-qualified-for-paris-2024-so-far "Who Has Already Qualified for Paris 2024?"]. United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee. January 30, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240222133957/https://www.teamusa.com/who-has-qualified-for-paris-2024-so-far Archived] from the original on February 22, 2024. Retrieved January 30, 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" ! width="180" |Sport ! width="55" |Men ! width="55" |Women ! width="55" |Total |- | align="left" |Archery |1 |3 |4 |- | align="left" |Artistic swimming |0 |8 |8 |- | align="left" |Athletics |59 |61 |120 |- | align="left" |Badminton |3 |4 |7 |- | align="left" |Basketball |16 |16 |32 |- | align="left" |Boxing |4 |4 |8 |- | align="left" |Breaking |2 |2 |4 |- | align="left" |Canoeing |3 |2 |5 |- | align="left" |Cycling |10 |13 |23 |- | align="left" |Diving |5 |6 |11 |- | align="left" |Equestrian |6 |3 |9 |- | align="left" |Fencing |6 |9 |15 |- | align="left" |Field hockey |0 |16 |16 |- | align="left" |Football |18 |18 |36 |- | align="left" |Golf |4 |3 |7 |- | align="left" |Gymnastics |6 |7 |12 |- | align="left" |Judo |2 |2 |4 |- | align="left" |Modern pentathlon |0 |1 |1 |- | align="left" |Rowing |18 |24 |42 |- | align="left" |Rugby sevens |12 |12 |24 |- | align="left" |Sailing |6 |7 |13 |- | align="left" |Shooting |7 |9 |16 |- | align="left" |Skateboarding |6 |6 |12 |- | align="left" |Sport climbing |4 |4 |8 |- | align="left" |Surfing |2 |3 |5 |- | align="left" |[[Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Swimming]] |27 |21 |48 |- | align="left" |Table tennis |1 |3 |4 |- | align="left" |Taekwondo |2 |2 |4 |- | align="left" |Tennis |6 |5 |11 |- | align="left" |Triathlon |2 |3 |5 |- | align="left" |Volleyball |16 |16 |32 |- | align="left" |Water polo |12 |12 |24 |- | align="left" |Weightlifting |2 |3 |5 |- | align="left" |Wrestling |10 |6 |16 |- !Total !278 !314 !592 |} == Background == De United States go dey look make e extend ein winning streak both insyd de gold medal count den overall medal count to de fourth den eighth consecutive Olympic Games, respectively. Insyd de run-up to de Paris Olympics, de USOPC debut all-new brand platform, ''One for All'', wey dey showcase de many powerful stories of de athletes wey make up de collective Team USA.<ref>[https://www.usopc.org/news/2024/april/15/team-usa-puts-athletes-on-the-podium-in-biggest-brand-platform-yet-one-for-all- "Team USA Puts Athletes on the Podium in Biggest Brand Platform Yet: "One For All""]. United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee. April 15, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240607102308/https://www.usopc.org/news/2024/april/15/team-usa-puts-athletes-on-the-podium-in-biggest-brand-platform-yet-one-for-all- Archived] from the original on June 7, 2024. Retrieved June 7, 2024.</ref> '''Best results (both records)''' * Gold medals – 83 (1984 Summer Olympics) * Total medals – 231 (1904 Summer Olympics) {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%" |+Medal tallies for de most recent Summer Olympic Games !Games !Athletes | style="background:gold; width:3.2em; font-weight:bold;" |Gold | style="background:silver; width:3.7em; font-weight:bold;" |Silver | style="background:#c96; width:3.7em; font-weight:bold;" |Bronze ! style="width:3.5em; font-weight:bold;" |Total ! style="width:4em; font-weight:bold;" |Gold medals ! style="width:4em; font-weight:bold;" |Total medals |- | align="left" |1988 Seoul |527 |36 |31 |27 |'''94''' | style="background:#ffdab9" |3 | style="background:#ffdab9" |3 |- | align="left" |1992 Barcelona |545 |37 |34 |37 |'''108''' | style="background:#dce5e5" |2 | style="background:#dce5e5" |2 |- style="border: 3px solid purple" | align="left" |1996 Atlanta |646 |44 |32 |25 |'''101''' | style="background:#f7f6a8" |1 | style="background:#f7f6a8" |1 |- | align="left" |2000 Sydney |586 |37 |24 |32 |'''93''' | style="background:#f7f6a8" |1 | style="background:#f7f6a8" |1 |- | align="left" |2004 Athens |533 |36 |39 |26 |'''101''' | style="background:#f7f6a8" |1 | style="background:#f7f6a8" |1 |- | align="left" |2008 Beijing |588 |36 |39 |37 |'''112''' | style="background:#dce5e5" |2 | style="background:#f7f6a8" |1 |- | align="left" |2012 London |530 |48 |26 |30 |'''104''' | style="background:#f7f6a8" |1 | style="background:#f7f6a8" |1 |- | align="left" |2016 Rio de Janeiro |554 |46 |37 |38 |'''121''' | style="background:#f7f6a8" |1 | style="background:#f7f6a8" |1 |- | align="left" |2020 Tokyo |615 |39 |41 |33 |'''113''' | style="background:#f7f6a8" |1 | style="background:#f7f6a8" |1 |} Data technology firm Gracenote, wich dey specialize insyd Olympic medal projections, traditionally dem publish ein first estimates a year before de Games ein commencement, insyd July 2023. For dis release insyd, base for de analysis of recent performances, na dem predict de United States make e win 43 gold, 43 silver, den 42 bronze medals for Paris for total of 128 ahead of hosts France (32–20–11) den [[China at the 2024 Summer Olympics|China]] (26–20–22).<ref>Vimal Sankar (July 26, 2023). [https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1139267/predictions-paris-2024 "Gracenote projects United States to top Paris 2024 medals table"]. Inside the Games. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240226064608/https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1139267/predictions-paris-2024 Archived] from the original on February 26, 2024. Retrieved May 30, 2024.</ref> Insyd January 2024, na dem adjust de projection to 37 gold den 129 total medals (China: 35–85, France 26–53).<ref>Stephen Wade (January 26, 2024). [https://apnews.com/article/olympic-medal-table-paris-united-states-china-7181a1eb7e69a26a3aaeb6006295b313 "Paris Olympic medals headed in big numbers to United States and China in one forecast"]. Associated Press. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240226141303/https://apnews.com/article/olympic-medal-table-paris-united-states-china-7181a1eb7e69a26a3aaeb6006295b313 Archived] from the original on February 26, 2024. Retrieved May 30, 2024.</ref> Insyd May 2024, na dem san slightly adjust to 39 gold, 125 overall (China: 33–90, France 29–55).<ref>George Ramsay (April 17, 2024). [https://edition.cnn.com/2024/04/17/sport/paris-olympics-virtual-medal-table-spt-intl/index.html "Team USA expected to win bumper medal haul at Paris Olympics"]. CNN. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240530131440/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/04/17/sport/paris-olympics-virtual-medal-table-spt-intl/index.html Archived] from the original on May 30, 2024. Retrieved May 30, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.nielsen.com/news-center/2024/virtual-medal-table-forecast/ "US, China, Great Britain and France Lead Gracenote Virtual Medal Table forecast for 2024 Paris Olympic Games"]. Nielsen. May 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240530131422/https://www.nielsen.com/news-center/2024/virtual-medal-table-forecast/ Archived] from the original on May 30, 2024. Retrieved May 30, 2024.</ref> == Team leaders == Na dem name Rocky Harris de ''chef de mission'' of de 2024 U.S. Olympic team.<ref>[https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2022/08/02/usopc-chooses-triathlon-exec-rocky-harris-as-sports-leader/50555583/ "USOPC chooses triathlon exec Rocky Harris as sports leader"]. USA Today. August 2, 2022. Retrieved August 2, 2022.</ref> Team USA House dey locate insyd de Palais Brongniart, wey dey offer guests home base make dem cheer on den celebrate American athletes for de Games.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240723223824/https://hospitalitytravelpackagesusa.paris2024.org/discover/teamusahouse "Team USA house - Olympic Games Paris 2024"]. Team USA House.</ref> Jose Castillo, Johnson City, Tennessee entrepreneur, go serve as host for Team USA House.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240715101535/https://sports.yahoo.com/nascar-host-2024-olympics-johnson-002120925.html "From NASCAR host to 2024 Olympics: Johnson City local heads to Paris"]. Yahoo Sports. July 4, 2024. Retrieved July 4, 2024.</ref> == Uniforms == Team USA reveal 2024 Paris Olympics opening ceremony den closing ceremony uniforms for June 18, 2024, Ralph Lauren design am. De uniforms for de opening ceremony dey feature navy blue jacket, light blue striped dress shirt, blue-washed jeans, den beige suede shoes. De closing ceremony uniforms dey feature predominantly white look wey include moto-style denim jacket den jeans, polo, hat, den de same belt den shoes wey be part of de opening ceremony outfits.<ref>[https://www.nbcolympics.com/news/team-usa-uniforms-2024-paris-olympics-opening-ceremony-and-closing-ceremony-revealed "Team USA uniforms for 2024 Paris Olympics Opening Ceremony and Closing Ceremony revealed"]. NBC Olympics. June 18, 2024. Retrieved June 18, 2024.</ref> == Archery == Four American archers qualify for de men's den women's individual recurve by virtue of dema respective result for de 2023 World Championships insyd Berlin, Germany; 2023 Pan American Games insyd Santiago, Chile; den 2024 Pan American Championships insyd Medellín, Colombia.<ref>[https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/201368/first-official-paris-2024-olympic-quotas-awarded-worlds-berlin "First official Paris 2024 Olympic quotas awarded at worlds in Berlin"]. World Archery Federation. August 8, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230918100346/https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/201368/first-official-paris-2024-olympic-quotas-awarded-worlds-berlin Archived] from the original on September 18, 2023. Retrieved September 17, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/201458/usa-fills-olympic-pairs-quota-two-new-countries-qualify-santiago "USA fills Olympic pairs quota as two new countries qualify in Santiago"]. World Archery. November 6, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231203223508/https://www.worldarchery.sport/news/201458/usa-fills-olympic-pairs-quota-two-new-countries-qualify-santiago Archived] from the original on December 3, 2023. Retrieved November 29, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://www.usarchery.org/article/usa-secures-more-quota-slots-for-olympic-games-after-reaching-gold-medal-match-in-medellin "USA Secures More Quota Slots For Olympic Games After Reaching Gold Medal Match in Medellin"]. USA Archery. April 11, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240412140319/https://www.usarchery.org/article/usa-secures-more-quota-slots-for-olympic-games-after-reaching-gold-medal-match-in-medellin Archived] from the original on April 12, 2024. Retrieved April 11, 2024.</ref> De team dey include Olympic medalist Brady Ellison den women's world number one Casey Kaufhold.<ref>[https://www.usarchery.org/article/the-dream-now-becomes-the-goal-as-olympic-and-paralympic-teams-confirmed-for-paris "The 'Dream Now Becomes The Goal' As Olympic and Paralympic Reams Confirmed for Paris"]. USA Archery. May 14, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240517060005/https://www.usarchery.org/article/the-dream-now-becomes-the-goal-as-olympic-and-paralympic-teams-confirmed-for-paris Archived] from the original on May 17, 2024. Retrieved May 14, 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Ranking round !Round of 64 !Round of 32 !Round of 16 !Quarterfinals !Semifinals ! colspan="2" |Final / BM |- style="font-size:95%" !Score !Seed !Opposition<br /><br />Score !Opposition<br /><br />Score !Opposition<br /><br />Score !Opposition<br /><br />Score !Opposition<br /><br />Score !Opposition<br /><br />Score !Rank |- | align="left" |'''Brady Ellison''' | align="left" |Men's individual |677 |7 | Yıldırmış (TUR)<br /><br />'''W''' 6–2 | Kao (CHN)<br /><br />'''W''' 6–2 | Tümer (TUR)<br /><br />'''W''' 6–2 | Kim J-d (KOR)<br /><br />'''W''' 6–0 | Unruh (GER)<br /><br />'''W''' 7–3 | Kim W-j (KOR)<br /><br />'''L''' 5–6 |2 |- | align="left" |Catalina GNoriega | rowspan="3" align="left" |Women's individual |648 |38 | Bauer (GER)<br /><br />'''W''' 6–0 | Choirunisa (INA)<br /><br />'''L''' 5–6 | colspan="5" |She no advance |- | align="left" |Casey Kaufhold |672 |4 | Sylla (GUI)<br /><br />'''W''' 6–2 | Lei (TPE)<br /><br />'''L''' 3–7 | colspan="5" |She no advance |- | align="left" |Jennifer Mucino-Fernandez |625 |57 | Valencia (MEX)<br /><br />'''L''' 2–6 | colspan="6" |She no advance |- | align="left" |Catalina GNoriega<br /><br />Casey Kaufhold<br /><br />Jennifer Mucino-Fernandez | align="left" |Women's team |1945 |8 | Chinese Taipei<br /><br />'''L''' 1–5 | colspan="4" |She no advance |- | align="left" |'''Brady Ellison<br /><br />Casey Kaufhold''' | align="left" |Mixed team |1349 |3 '''Q''' | Uzbekistan<br /><br />'''W''' 6–0 | Japan<br /><br />'''W''' 5–3 | Germany<br /><br />'''L''' 3–5 | India<br /><br />'''W''' 6–2 |3 |} == Artistic swimming == De United States get de opportunity make dem field full-squad of eight artistic swimmers make dem compete insyd de open team den women's duet events by dem top de list of five highest-ranked nations for de 2024 World Aquatics Championships insyd Doha, Qatar.<ref name=":7" /> Na dem announce de full team for June 8, 2024, wey e feature three-time Olympian Anita Alvarez among de roster of Olympic debutants.<ref>[https://www.usaartisticswim.org/news/2024/june/08/usa-artistic-swimming-shares-2024-olympic-roster "USA Artistic Swimming Shares 2024 Olympic Roster"]. USA Artistic Swimming. June 8, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240608235921/https://www.usaartisticswim.org/news/2024/june/08/usa-artistic-swimming-shares-2024-olympic-roster Archived] from the original on June 8, 2024. Retrieved June 8, 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;text-align:center" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Technical routine ! colspan="3" |Free routine ! colspan="3" |Acrobatic routine |- style="font-size:95%" !Points !Rank !Points !Total (technical + free) !Rank !Points !Total (technical + free + acrobatic) !Rank |- | align="left" |Jaime Czarkowski<br /><br />Megumi Field | align="left" |Duet |230.7134 |11 |254.0354 |484.7488 |10 |— |— |— |- | align="left" |'''Anita Alvarez<br /><br />Jaime Czarkowski<br /><br />Megumi Field<br /><br />Keana Hunter<br /><br />Audrey Kwon<br /><br />Jacklyn Luu<br /><br />Daniella Ramirez<br /><br />Ruby Remati''' | align="left" |Team |282.7567 |4 |360.2688 |643.0255 |2 |271.3166 |914.3421 |2 |} == Athletics (track den field) == U.S. track den field athletes achieve de entry standards for Paris 2024 either by dem pass de direct qualifying mark (anaa time for track den road races) anaa by virtue of dema world ranking insyd de events dem list insyd de table (maximum of three athletes each per country).<ref>[https://olympics.com/en/news/athletics-paris-2024-entry-standards "Athletics at Paris 2024: The entry standards"]. International Olympic Committee. December 20, 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230103150827/https://olympics.com/en/news/athletics-paris-2024-entry-standards Archived] from the original on January 3, 2023. Retrieved December 27, 2022.</ref> USA Track & Field kick off dema qualification period plus de Olympic Marathon Trials insyd Orlando, Florida for February insyd. Three women den two men punch dema tickets to Paris plus de third men's spot still up for grabs. For February 21, 2024, USATF announce staff rosters for de Olympics: Stanley Redwine go serve as de men's head coach den LaTanya Sheffield go be de women's head coach.<ref>[https://www.usatf.org/news/2024/usatf-announces-staff-rosters-for-five-2024-intern "USATF ANNOUNCES STAFF ROSTERS FOR FIVE 2024 INTERNATIONAL TEAMS"]. USATF. February 21, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240628201823/https://www.usatf.org/news/2024/usatf-announces-staff-rosters-for-five-2024-intern Archived] from the original on June 28, 2024. Retrieved February 21, 2024.</ref> Make dem assure dema selection to de team, athletes compete insyd de 2024 U.S. Olympic Trials for June 21–30, 2024, insyd Eugene, Oregon.<ref>[https://www.usatf.org/news/2024/usatf-announces-2024-u-s-olympic-team-trials-%e2%80%93-tra "USATF ANNOUNCES 2024 U.S. OLYMPIC TEAM TRIALS – TRACK & FIELD SCHEDULE"]. USATF. February 15, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240216000756/https://www.usatf.org/news/2024/usatf-announces-2024-u-s-olympic-team-trials-%E2%80%93-tra Archived] from the original on February 16, 2024. Retrieved February 15, 2024.</ref> For July 9, 2024, USA Track & Field officially announce de final roster of 120 athletes (59 men den 61 women) qualify for de 2024 U.S. Olympic track den field team.<ref>[https://www.usatf.org/news/2024/usa-track-field-announces-roster-of-120-for-paris- "USA TRACK & FIELD ANNOUNCES ROSTER OF 120 FOR PARIS OLYMPIC GAMES"]. USATF. July 9, 2024. Retrieved July 9, 2024.</ref> Na dem select 16-year-old Quincy Wilson for de 4x400-meter relay team, wey he cam turn de youngest male U.S. track athlete for history insyd.<ref>[https://www.nbcnews.com/sports/olympics/quincy-wilson-becomes-youngest-male-us-track-olympian-rcna159629 "Quincy Wilson becomes youngest male U.S. track Olympian"]. NBC News. July 1, 2024. Retrieved July 1, 2024.</ref> '''Key''' * '''Note'''–Ranks dem give for track events dey within de athlete ein heat per * '''Q''' = Dem qualify for de next round * '''q''' = Dem qualify for de next round as fastest loser ''anaa'', insyd field events, by position widout dem achieve de qualifying target * '''R''' = Dem qualify for de repechage round * '''NR''' = National record * N/A = Round no be applicable for de event * Bye = Dem no require athlete make dem compete for round insyd '''Track den road events''' '''Men''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Preliminary ! colspan="2" |Heat ! colspan="2" |Repechage ! colspan="2" |Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank |- |Kenneth Bednarek | rowspan="3" |100 m | colspan="2" |Bye |9.97 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |9.93 |4 '''q''' |9.88 |7 |- |'''Fred Kerley''' | colspan="2" |Bye |9.97 |1 '''Q''' |9.84 |2 '''Q''' |9.81 |3 |- |'''Noah Lyles''' | colspan="2" |Bye |10.04 |2 '''Q''' |9.83 |2 '''Q''' |9.79 (.784) |1 |- |'''Kenneth Bednarek''' | rowspan="3" |200 m | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |19.96 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |20.00 |1 '''Q''' |19.62 |2 |- |Erriyon Knighton |19.99 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |20.09 |1 '''Q''' |19.99 |4 |- |'''Noah Lyles''' |20.19 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |20.08 |2 '''Q''' |19.70 |3 |- |Christopher Bailey | rowspan="3" |400 m | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |44.89 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |44.31 |3 '''q''' |44.58 |6 |- |'''Quincy Hall''' |44.28 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |43.95 |1 '''Q''' |43.40 |1 |- |Michael Norman |44.10 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |44.26 |2 '''Q''' |45.62 |8 |- |Bryce Hoppel | rowspan="3" |800 m | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |1:45.24 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |1:43.41 |2 '''Q''' |1:41.67 '''<abbr>NR</abbr>''' |4 |- |Hobbs Kessler |1:46.15 |3 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |1:46.20 |6 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Brandon Miller |1:46.34 |8 '''R''' |1:44.21 |1 '''Q''' |1:45.79 |5 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |'''Cole Hocker''' | rowspan="3" |1500 m | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |3:35.27 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |3:32.54 |3 '''Q''' |3:27.65 '''OR''' |1 |- |Hobbs Kessler |3:36.87 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |3:31.97 |2 '''Q''' |3:29.45 |5 |- |'''Yared Nuguse''' |3:36.56 |5 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |3:31.72 |1 '''Q''' |3:27.80 |3 |- |Graham Blanks | rowspan="3" |5000 m | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |14:09.06 |6 '''Q''' | colspan="4" rowspan="3" |— |13:18.67 |9 |- |'''Grant Fisher''' |13:52.44 |4 '''Q''' |13:15.13 |3 |- |Abdihamid Nur |14:15.00 |19 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |'''Grant Fisher''' | rowspan="3" |10000 m | colspan="8" rowspan="3" |— |26:43.46 |3 |- |Woody Kincaid |27:29.40 |16 |- |Nico Young |26:58.11 |12 |- |Freddie Crittenden | rowspan="3" |110 m hurdles | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |18.27 |8 '''R''' |13.42 |1 '''Q''' |13.23 |2 '''Q''' |13.32 |6 |- |'''Grant Holloway''' |13.01 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |12.98 |1 '''Q''' |12.99 |1 |- |'''Daniel Roberts''' |13.43 |3 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |13.10 |2 '''Q''' |13.09 (.085) |2 |- |CJ Allen | rowspan="3" |400 m hurdles | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |48.64 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |48.44 |4 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Trevor Bassitt |49.38 |5 '''R''' |48.64 |1 '''Q''' |48.29 |4 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |'''Rai Benjamin''' |48.82 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |47.85 |1 '''Q''' |46.46 |1 |- |James Corrigan | rowspan="3" |3000 m steeplechase | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |8:36.67 |10 | colspan="4" rowspan="3" |— | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |'''Kenneth Rooks''' |8:24.95 |2 '''Q''' |8:06.41 |2 |- |Matthew Wilkinson |8:16.82 |6 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Kenny Bednarek Christian Coleman Fred Kerley Kyree King Courtney Lindsey^[c] |4 × 100 m relay | colspan="2" |— |37.47 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="4" |— | colspan="2" |<abbr>DQ</abbr> |- |'''Chris Bailey''' '''Rai Benjamin''' '''Bryce Deadmon''' '''Vernon Norwood''' '''Quincy Wilson'''^[c] |4 × 400 m relay | colspan="2" |— |2:59.15 |3 '''Q''' | colspan="4" |— |2:54.43 '''<abbr>OR</abbr>''' |1 |- |Leonard Korir | rowspan="3" |Marathon | colspan="8" rowspan="3" |— |2:18:45 |63 |- |Conner Mantz |2:08:12 |8 |- |Clayton Young |2:08:44 |9 |} Source:<ref name=":8">[https://www.nbcsports.com/olympics/news/marathon-olympic-trials-results-2024 "2024 U.S. Olympic Marathon Trials Results"]. NBC Sports. February 3, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240203175541/https://www.nbcsports.com/olympics/news/marathon-olympic-trials-results-2024 Archived] from the original on February 3, 2024. Retrieved February 3, 2024.</ref> '''Women''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Preliminary ! colspan="2" |Heat ! colspan="2" |Repechage ! colspan="2" |Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank |- |'''Melissa Jefferson''' | rowspan="3" |100 m | colspan="2" |Bye |10.96 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |10.99 |1 '''Q''' |10.92 |3 |- |'''Sha'Carri Richardson''' | colspan="2" |Bye |10.94 |1 '''Q''' |10.89 |2 '''Q''' |10.87 |2 |- |Twanisha Terry | colspan="2" |Bye |11.15 |1 '''Q''' |11.07 |3 '''q''' |10.97 |5 |- |'''Brittany Brown''' | rowspan="3" |200 m | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |22.38 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |22.12 |1 '''Q''' |22.20 |3 |- |McKenzie Long |22.55 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |22.30 |3 '''q''' |22.42 |7 |- |'''Gabrielle Thomas''' |22.20 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |21.86 |1 '''Q''' |21.83 |1 |- |Aaliyah Butler | rowspan="3" |400 m | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |50.52 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |51.18 |6 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Kendall Ellis |51.16 |5 '''R''' |50.44 |1 '''Q''' |50.40 |4 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Alexis Holmes |50.35 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |50.00 |2 '''Q''' |49.77 |6 |- |Nia Akins | rowspan="3" |800 m | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |1:59.67 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |1:58.20 |3 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Juliette Whittaker |2:00.45 |3 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |1:57.76 |3 '''q''' |1:58.50 |7 |- |Allie Wilson |1:59.69 |6 '''R''' |1:59.73 |3 | colspan="4" |She no advance |- |Nikki Hiltz | rowspan="3" |1500 m | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |4:00.42 |3 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |3:56.17 |3 '''Q''' |3:56.38 |7 |- |Emily Mackay |3:59.63 |6 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |4:02.03 |13 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Elle St. Pierre |4:03.22 |3 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |3:59.74 |3 '''Q''' |3:57.52 |8 |- |Elise Cranny | rowspan="3" |5000 m | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |14:58.55 |7 '''Q''' | colspan="4" rowspan="3" |— |14:48.06 |10 |- |Whittni Morgan |15:02.14 |6 '''Q''' |14:53.57 |13 |- |Karissa Schweizer |14:59.64 |8 '''Q''' |14:45.57 |9 |- |Weini Kelati | rowspan="3" |10000 m | colspan="8" rowspan="3" |— |30:49.98 |8 |- |Karissa Schweizer |30:51.99 |9 |- |Parker Valby |30:59.28 |11 |- |Alaysha Johnson | rowspan="3" |100 m hurdles | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |12.61 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |12.34 |1 '''Q''' |12.93 |7 |- |'''Masai Russell''' |12.53 |=1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |12.42 |2 '''Q''' |12.33 |1 |- |Grace Stark |12.72 |3 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |12.39 |1 '''Q''' |12.43 |5 |- |'''Anna Cockrell''' | rowspan="3" |400 m hurdles | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |53.91 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |52.90 |2 '''Q''' |51.87 |2 |- |Jasmine Jones |53.60 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |53.83 |2 '''Q''' |52.29 |4 |- |'''Sydney McLaughlin-Levrone''' |53.60 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |Bye |52.13 |1 '''Q''' |50.37 '''WR''' |1 |- |Valerie Constien | rowspan="3" |3000 m steeplechase | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— |9:16.33 |3 '''Q''' | colspan="4" rowspan="3" |— |9:34.08 |15 |- |Marisa Howard |9:24.78 |7 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Courtney Wayment |9:10.72 |4 '''Q''' |9:13.60 |12 |- |'''Melissa Jefferson''' '''Sha'Carri Richardson''' '''Twanisha Terry''' '''Gabrielle Thomas''' |4 × 100 m relay | colspan="2" |— |41.94 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="4" |— |41.78 |1 |- |'''Kaylyn Brown'''^[c] '''Aaliyah Butler'''^[c] '''Quanera Hayes'''^[c] '''Alexis Holmes''' '''Shamier Little''' '''Sydney McLaughlin-Levrone''' '''Gabrielle Thomas''' |4 × 400 m relay | colspan="2" |— |3:21.44 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="4" |— |3:15.27 '''AM''' |1 |- |Dakotah Lindwurm | rowspan="3" |Marathon | colspan="8" rowspan="3" |— |2:25:44 |12 |- |Fiona O'Keeffe | colspan="2" |<abbr>DNF</abbr> |- |Emily Sisson |2:29:53 |23 |} Source:<ref name=":8" /> '''Mixed''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Heat ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Time !Rank !Time !Rank |- |'''Kaylyn Brown''' '''Bryce Deadmon''' '''Shamier Little''' '''Vernon Norwood''' |4 × 400 m relay |3:07.41 '''WR''' |1 '''Q''' |3:07.74 |2 |} '''^c''' Athletes wey participate insyd de heats per. '''Field events''' '''Men''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Qualification ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Result !Rank !Result !Rank |- |Malcolm Clemons | rowspan="3" |Long jump |7.72 |21 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Jeremiah Davis |7.83 |15 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Jarrion Lawson | colspan="2" |<abbr>NM</abbr> | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Salif Mane | rowspan="3" |Triple jump |17.16 |=3 '''Q''' |17.41 |6 |- |Russell Robinson |16.47 |22 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Donald Scott |16.77 |14 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |JuVaughn Harrison | rowspan="3" |High jump |2.20 |=19 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |'''Shelby McEwen''' |2.27 |1 '''q''' |2.36 |2 |- |Vernon Turner |2.15 |28 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |'''Sam Kendricks''' | rowspan="3" |Pole vault |5.75 |8 '''q''' |5.95 |2 |- |Chris Nilsen |5.40 |=26 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Jacob Wooten |5.60 |22 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |'''Ryan Crouser''' | rowspan="3" |Shot put |21.49 |4 '''Q''' |22.90 |1 |- |'''Joe Kovacs''' |21.24 |7 '''q''' |22.15 |2 |- |Payton Otterdahl |21.52 |3 '''Q''' |22.03 |4 |- |Joseph Brown | rowspan="3" |Discus throw |61.68 |22 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Andrew Evans |62.25 |17 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Sam Mattis |62.66 |14 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Curtis Thompson |Javelin throw |76.79 |27 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Daniel Haugh | rowspan="2" |Hammer throw | colspan="2" |<abbr>NM</abbr> | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Rudy Winkler |77.29 |4 '''Q''' |77.92 |6 |} '''Women''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Qualification ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Distance !Position !Distance !Position |- |'''Tara Davis-Woodhall''' | rowspan="3" |Long jump |6.90 |1 '''Q''' |7.10 |1 |- |'''Jasmine Moore''' |6.66 |6 '''q''' |6.96 |3 |- |Monae' Nichols |6.64 |8 '''q''' |6.67 |6 |- |Tori Franklin | rowspan="3" |Triple jump |14.02 |14 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |'''Jasmine Moore''' |14.43 |3 '''Q''' |14.67 |3 |- |Keturah Orji |14.09 |11 '''q''' |14.05 |9 |- |Vashti Cunningham | rowspan="2" |High jump |1.92 |=12 '''q''' |1.95 |5 |- |Rachel Glenn |1.88 |=15 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Brynn King | rowspan="3" |Pole vault |4.40 |=22 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |'''Katie Moon''' |4.55 |=1 '''q''' |4.85 |2 |- |Bridget Williams |4.40 |=22 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Chase Jackson | rowspan="3" |Shot put |17.60 |17 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Jaida Ross |18.58 |8 '''q''' |19.28 |4 |- |Raven Saunders |18.62 |7 '''q''' |17.79 |11 |- |'''Valarie Allman''' | rowspan="3" |Discus throw |69.59 |1 '''Q''' |69.50 |1 |- |Veronica Fraley |62.54 |13 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Jayden Ulrich |61.08 |18 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Maggie Malone-Hardin |Javelin throw |58.76 |24 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |'''Annette Echikunwoke''' | rowspan="3" |Hammer throw |73.52 |4 '''Q''' |75.48 |2 |- |DeAnna Price |73.79 |3 '''Q''' |71.00 |11 |- |Erin Reese |70.23 |14 | colspan="2" |She no advance |} '''Combined event – Men's decathlon''' {| class="wikitable" !Athlete !Event !100 m !LJ !SP !HJ !400 m !110H !DT !PV !JT !1500 m !Final !Rank |- | rowspan="2" |Heath Baldwin !Result |10.91 |7.38 |14.48 |2.17 |49.04 |14.04 |43.66 |4.70 |67.59 |4:40.67 | rowspan="2" |8422 | rowspan="2" |10 |- !Points |881 |905 |758 |963 |859 |969 |739 |819 |853 |676 |- | rowspan="2" |Harrison Williams !Result |10.62 |7.42 |15.66 |1.96 |46.71 |14.28 |46.91 |5.10 |51.17 |4:19.58 | rowspan="2" |8538 | rowspan="2" |7 |- !Points |947 |915 |830 |767 |973 |939 |806 |941 |606 |814 |- | rowspan="2" |Zach Ziemek !Result |10.60 |6.86 |15.03 |1.96 |50.79 |15.11 |50.08 |5.00 |57.05 |4:53.17 | rowspan="2" |7983 | rowspan="2" |17 |- !Points |952 |781 |792 |767 |779 |836 |872 |910 |694 |600 |} '''Combined event – Women's heptathlon''' {| class="wikitable" !Athlete !Event !100H !HJ !SP !200 m !LJ !JT !800 m !Final !Rank |- | rowspan="2" |Taliyah Brooks !Result |13.00 |1.77 |13.58 |24.02 |6.15 |38.76 |2:13.95 | rowspan="2" |6258 | rowspan="2" |11 |- !Points |1124 |941 |766 |979 |896 |644 |908 |- | rowspan="2" |Anna Hall !Result |13.36 |1.89 |14.11 |23.89 |5.93 |45.99 |2:04.39 | rowspan="2" |6615 | rowspan="2" |5 |- !Points |1071 |1093 |801 |991 |828 |783 |1048 |- | rowspan="2" |Chari Hawkins !Result |13.16 |<abbr>NM</abbr> |13.64 |24.49 |5.90 |44.30 |2:15.76 | rowspan="2" |5255 | rowspan="2" |21 |- !Points |1100 |0 |770 |934 |819 |750 |882 |} ==Badminton== De United States qualify seven badminton players into de Olympic tournament base for de Badminton World Federation Race to Paris Rankings top.<ref>[https://bwfbadminton.com/rankings/?id=32 "BWF Olympic Qualification"]. Badminton World Federation. April 30, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240511150929/https://bwfbadminton.com/rankings/?id=32 Archived] from the original on May 11, 2024. Retrieved April 30, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://usabadminton.org/usa-badminton-announces-final-roster-for-the-olympic-games-paris-2024/ "USA Badminton Announces Final Roster for the Olympic Games Paris 2024"]. USA Badminton. July 19, 2024. Retrieved July 19, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.nbclosangeles.com/paris-2024-summer-olympics/badminton-rules-scoring-schedule-medal-standings/3444272/ "Badminton at the 2024 Olympics: Rules, scoring and more to know"]. NBC Los Angeles. June 25, 2024. Retrieved June 25, 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="5" |Group stage !Elimination !Quarter-final !Semi-final ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank |- |Howard Shu |Men's singles |Ginting (INA) '''L''' (14–21, 8–21) |Popov (FRA) '''L''' (11–21, 12–21) | colspan="2" |— |3 | colspan="5" |He no advance |- |Vinson Chiu Joshua Yuan |Men's doubles |Astrup / Rasmussen (DEN) '''L''' (13–21, 16–21) |Liu / Ou (CHN) '''L''' (13–21, 14–21) |Hoki / Kobayashi (JPN) '''L''' (11–21, 12–21) |Lee / Wang (TPE) '''L''' (12–21, 13–21) |5 |— | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Beiwen Zhang |Women's singles |Ho (AUS) '''W''' (21–9, 21–4) |Nguyễn (VIE) '''W''' (22–20, 22–20) | colspan="2" |— |1 '''Q''' |Marín (ESP) '''L''' (21–12, 9–21, 18–21) | colspan="4" |She no advance |- |Annie Xu Kerry Xu |Women's doubles |Liu / Tan (CHN) '''L''' (11–21, 14–21) |Yeung NT / Yeung PL (HKG) '''L''' (22–24, 21–17, 12–21) |G Stoeva / S Stoeva (BUL) '''L''' (18–21, 12–21) |— |4 |— | colspan="4" |She no advance |- |Vinson Chiu Jennie Gai |Mixed doubles |Feng / Huang (CHN) '''L''' (11–21, 14–21) |Chen / Toh (MAS) '''L''' (15–21, 22–24) |Hee / Tan (SGP) '''L''' (17–21, 12–21) |— |4 |— | colspan="4" |Dem no advance |} ==Basketball== ===5×5 basketball=== '''Summary''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="4" |Group stage !Quarterfinal !Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank |- |'''United States men''' |Men's tournament |Serbia '''W''' 110–84 |South Sudan '''W''' 103–86 |Puerto Rico '''W''' 104–83 |1 '''Q''' |Brazil '''W''' 122–87 |Serbia '''W''' 95–91 |France '''W''' 98–87 |1 |- |'''United States women''' |Women's tournament |Japan '''W''' 102–76 |Belgium '''W''' 87–74 |Germany '''W''' 87–68 |1 '''Q''' |Nigeria '''W''' 88–74 |Australia '''W''' 85–64 |France '''W''' 67–66 |1 |} ==== Men's tournament ==== De U.S. men's basketball team qualify for de Olympics by virtue of ebe one of de two highest-ranked teams from de Americas, wey secure ein berth for de 2023 FIBA World Cup insyd Indonesia-Japan-Philippines.<ref name=":7" /><ref>[https://www.fiba.basketball/basketballworldcup/2023/news/usa-qualify-directly-for-2024-olympics "USA qualify directly for Paris 2024"]. fiba.basketball. September 3, 2023. Retrieved September 3, 2023.</ref> '''Team roster'''<br />For January 24, 2024, USA Basketball announce 41-athlete player pool for de 2024 Olympic team. De team be led by head coach Steve Kerr wey Mark Few, Tyronn Lue, den Erik Spoelstra assist am.<ref>[https://www.usab.com/news/2024/01/usa-basketball-announces-2024-usa-mens-national-team-player-pool "USA Basketball Announces 2024 USA Men's National Team Player Pool"]. USA Basketball. January 24, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240130114524/https://www.usab.com/news/2024/01/usa-basketball-announces-2024-usa-mens-national-team-player-pool Archived] from the original on January 30, 2024. Retrieved January 24, 2024.</ref> Dem name de final roster for April 17, 2024.<ref>[https://www.usab.com/news/2024/04/2024-usa-basketball-mens-national-team-announced "2024 USA Basketball Men's National Team Announced"]. ''usab.com''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240417135210/https://www.usab.com/news/2024/04/2024-usa-basketball-mens-national-team-announced Archived] from the original on April 17, 2024. Retrieved April 17, 2024.</ref> Dis go be de fourth Olympic tournament for then- three-time Olympic gold medalist Kevin Durant den then- two-time Olympic gold medalist LeBron James, while Stephen Curry go make ein Olympic debut.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/usa-basketball-paris-olympics-lebron-james-stephen-curry-kevin-durant/ "LeBron James, Stephen Curry and Kevin Durant to lead star-studded roster at Paris Olympics"]. CBS News. April 17, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240417162252/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/usa-basketball-paris-olympics-lebron-james-stephen-curry-kevin-durant/ Archived] from the original on April 17, 2024. Retrieved April 17, 2024.</ref> For July 10, 2024, Kawhi Leonard withdraw from de team secof injury wey na Derrick White replace am.<ref>[https://bleacherreport.com/articles/10127828-kawhi-leonard-withdraws-from-team-usa-derrick-white-reportedly-could-replace-star "Kawhi Leonard Withdraws from Team USA; Celtics' Derrick White Replaces Clippers Star"]. ''Bleacher Report''. Retrieved July 10, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.usab.com/news/2024/07/derrick-white-named-to-2024-usa-basketball-mens-national-team "Derrick White Named to 2024 USA Basketball Men's National Team"]. ''USA Basketball''. Retrieved July 11, 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |United States men's national basketball team – 2024 Summer Olympics roster |- !Players !Coaches |- | {| class="wikitable sortable" !<abbr>Pos.</abbr> !<abbr>No.</abbr> !Name !Age – <small>Date of birth</small> !Height !Club !<abbr>Ctr.</abbr> |- |PG |4 |Stephen Curry |36 – 14 March 1988 |1.91 m (6 ft 3 in) |Golden State Warriors | |- |SG |5 |Anthony Edwards |22 – 5 August 2001 |1.93 m (6 ft 4 in) |Minnesota Timberwolves | |- |F |6 |LeBron James (C) |39 – 30 December 1984 |2.03 m (6 ft 8 in) |Los Angeles Lakers | |- |F |7 |Kevin Durant |35 – 29 September 1988 |2.11 m (6 ft 11 in) |Phoenix Suns | |- |G |8 |Derrick White |30 – 2 July 1994 |1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) |Boston Celtics | |- |PG |9 |Tyrese Haliburton |24 – 29 February 2000 |1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) |Indiana Pacers | |- |F |10 |Jayson Tatum |26 – 3 March 1998 |2.03 m (6 ft 8 in) |Boston Celtics | |- |C |11 |Joel Embiid |30 – 16 March 1994 |2.13 m (7 ft 0 in) |Philadelphia 76ers | |- |G |12 |Jrue Holiday |34 – 12 June 1990 |1.93 m (6 ft 4 in) |Boston Celtics | |- |F/C |13 |Bam Adebayo |27 – 18 July 1997 |2.06 m (6 ft 9 in) |Miami Heat | |- |F/C |14 |Anthony Davis |31 – 11 March 1993 |2.08 m (6 ft 10 in) |Los Angeles Lakers | |- |SG |15 |Devin Booker |27 – 30 October 1996 |1.98 m (6 ft 6 in) |Phoenix Suns | |} | ; Head coach * Steve Kerr<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240728084659/https://reports.fiba.basketball/reports/2024/Paris%202024%20Men%27s%20Olympic%20Basketball%20Tournament/rosters.pdf "Team roster: United States"] (PDF). ''fiba.basketball''. p. 12. Retrieved July 25, 2024.</ref> ; Assistant coach(es) * Mark Few * Tyronn Lue * Erik Spoelstra ---- ; Legend * '''(C)''' Team captain * '''Club''' – dey describe last club before de tournament * '''Age''' – dey describe age for 27 July 2024 ----Roster |} '''Group play''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>PF</abbr> !<abbr>PA</abbr> !<abbr>PD</abbr> !<abbr>Pts</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 !United States |3 |3 |0 |317 |253 | +64 |6 | rowspan="2" |Quarterfinals |- |2 !Serbia |3 |2 |1 |287 |261 | +26 |5 |- |3 !South Sudan |3 |1 |2 |261 |278 |−17 |4 | rowspan="2" | |- |4 !Puerto Rico |3 |0 |3 |228 |301 |−73 |3 |} Source: [https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/mens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/standings#GP FIBA] Rules for classification: 1) classification points; 2) head-to-head results; 3) head-to-head game points difference; 4) head-to-head number of game points dem score. {| class="wikitable" |28 July 2024 <small>17:15</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/mens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/games/117651-SRB-USA Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |Serbia |84–'''110''' |'''United States''' |- | colspan="3" |'''Scoring by quarter:''' 20–'''25''', 29–'''33''', 16–'''26''', 19–'''26''' |- |'''Pts:''' Jokić 20 '''Rebs:''' Bogdanović 6 '''Asts:''' Jokić 8 | |'''Pts:''' Durant 23 '''Rebs:''' Davis 8 '''Asts:''' James 9 |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade Pierre-Mauroy, Lille '''Attendance:''' 27,328 '''Referees:''' Yohan Rosso (FRA), Julio Anaya (PAN), Mārtiņš Kozlovskis (LAT) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |31 July 2024 <small>21:00</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/mens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/games/117655-USA-SSD Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |'''United States''' |'''103'''–86 |South Sudan |- | colspan="3" |'''Scoring by quarter:''' '''26'''–14, '''29'''–22, 18–'''21''', '''30'''–29 |- |'''Pts:''' Adebayo 18 '''Rebs:''' ''three players'' 7 '''Asts:''' Booker 6 | |'''Pts:''' Omot 24 '''Rebs:''' Gabriel 10 '''Asts:''' Jones 7 |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade Pierre-Mauroy, Lille '''Attendance:''' 27,056 '''Referees:''' Antonio Conde (ESP), Mārtiņš Kozlovskis (LAT), Takaki Kato (JPN) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |3 August 2024 <small>17:15</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/mens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/games/117656-PUR-USA Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |Puerto Rico |83–'''104''' |'''United States''' |- | colspan="3" |'''Scoring by quarter:''' '''29'''–25, 16–'''39''', 14–'''23''', '''24'''–17 |- |'''Pts:''' Alvarado 18 '''Rebs:''' Romero 10 '''Asts:''' Conditt IV 5 | |'''Pts:''' Edwards 26 '''Rebs:''' Tatum 10 '''Asts:''' James 8 |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade Pierre-Mauroy, Lille '''Attendance:''' 27,244 '''Referees:''' Julio Anaya (PAN), Gatis Saliņš (LAT), Martin Vulić (CRO) |} '''Quarterfinal''' {| class="wikitable" |6 August 2024 <small>21:30</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/mens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/games/122604-BRA-USA Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |Brazil |87–'''122''' |'''United States''' |- | colspan="3" |'''Scoring by quarter:''' 21–'''33''', 15–'''30''', '''35'''–31, 16–'''28''' |- |'''Pts:''' Caboclo 30 '''Rebs:''' Georginho 8 '''Asts:''' Meindl 7 | |'''Pts:''' Booker 18 '''Rebs:''' Davis 8 '''Asts:''' James 9 |} {| class="wikitable" |Accor Arena, Paris '''Attendance:''' 12,364 '''Referees:''' Antonio Conde (ESP), Luis Castillo (ESP), Yevgeniy Mikheyev (KAZ) |} '''Semifinal''' {| class="wikitable" |8 August 2024 <small>21:00</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/mens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/games/122606-USA-SRB Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |'''United States''' |'''95'''–91 |Serbia |- | colspan="3" |'''Scoring by quarter:''' 23–'''31''', 20–'''23''', 20–'''22''', '''32'''–15 |- |'''Pts:''' Curry 36 '''Rebs:''' James 12 '''Asts:''' James 10 | |'''Pts:''' Bogdanović 20 '''Rebs:''' ''three players'' 5 '''Asts:''' Jokić 11 |} {| class="wikitable" |Accor Arena, Paris '''Attendance:''' 12,213 '''Referees:''' Ademir Zurapović (BIH), Julio Anaya (PAN), Mārtiņš Kozlovskis (LAT) |} '''Gold medal game''' {| class="wikitable" |10 August 2024 <small>21:30</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/mens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/games/122608-FRA-USA Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |France |87–'''98''' |'''United States''' |- | colspan="3" |'''Scoring by quarter:''' 15–'''20''', 26–'''29''', '''25'''–23, 21–'''26''' |- |'''Pts:''' Wembanyama 26 '''Rebs:''' Batum 8 '''Asts:''' Batum 4 | |'''Pts:''' Curry 24 '''Rebs:''' Davis 9 '''Asts:''' James 10 |} {| class="wikitable" |Accor Arena, Paris '''Attendance:''' 12,121 '''Referees:''' Antonio Conde (ESP), Julio Anaya (PAN), Wojciech Liszka (POL) |} ====Women's tournament==== De U.S. women's basketball team qualify for de Olympics by dem win de gold medal wey dem secure outright berth for de 2022 FIBA Women's World Cup insyd Sydney, Australia.<ref name=":7" /><ref>Kortemeier, Todd (October 1, 2022). [https://www.teamusa.com/news/2022/october/01/us-women-win-fourth-consecutive-basketball-world-cup-qualify-for-paris-games "U.S. Women Win Fourth Consecutive Basketball World Cup, Qualify For Paris Games"]. Team USA. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230918100344/https://www.teamusa.com/news/2022/october/01/us-women-win-fourth-consecutive-basketball-world-cup-qualify-for-paris-games Archived] from the original on September 18, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2022.</ref><ref>[https://olympics.com/en/news/fiba-women-s-basketball-world-cup-usa-beat-china-to-secure-11th-world-title-and- "FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup: USA beat China to secure 11th world title and Paris 2024 spot"]. International Olympic Committee. October 1, 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221015012740/https://olympics.com/en/news/fiba-women-s-basketball-world-cup-usa-beat-china-to-secure-11th-world-title-and- Archived] from the original on October 15, 2022. Retrieved October 9, 2022.</ref> '''Team roster'''<br />For February 14, 2024, USA Basketball announce tsay head coach Cheryl Reeve go be assisted by Mike Thibault, Kara Lawson, den Joni Taylor.<ref>[https://www.usab.com/news/2024/02/usa-basketball-announces-womens-national-team-assistant-coaches-for-2024-summer-olympic-games "USA Basketball Announces Women's National Team Assistant Coaches for 2024 Summer Olympic Games"]. USA Basketball. February 14, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240221041552/https://www.usab.com/news/2024/02/usa-basketball-announces-womens-national-team-assistant-coaches-for-2024-summer-olympic-games Archived] from the original on February 21, 2024. Retrieved February 14, 2024.</ref> Na dem announce de final roster for June 17, 2024. Diana Taurasi cam turn de first basketball player insyd history make she compete for six Olympic tournaments.<ref>Henderson, Cydney (June 17, 2024). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2024/06/17/usa-womens-basketball-roster-paris-olympics/74066385007/ "USA basketball Olympic women's team roster: Who made the cut for Paris Olympics"]. USA Today. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240618121917/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2024/06/17/usa-womens-basketball-roster-paris-olympics/74066385007/ Archived] from the original on June 18, 2024. Retrieved June 18, 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" |United States women's national basketball team – 2024 Summer Olympics roster |- !Players !Coaches |- | {| class="wikitable sortable" !<abbr>Pos.</abbr> !<abbr>No.</abbr> !Name !Age – <small>Date of birth</small> !Height !Club !<abbr>Ctr.</abbr> |- |G |4 |Jewell Loyd |30 – 5 October 1993 |1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) |Seattle Storm | |- |G |5 |Kelsey Plum |29 – 24 August 1994 |1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) |Las Vegas Aces | |- |G |6 |Sabrina Ionescu |26 – 6 December 1997 |1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) |New York Liberty | |- |SF |7 |Kahleah Copper |29 – 28 August 1994 |1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) |Phoenix Mercury | |- |G |8 |Chelsea Gray |31 – 8 October 1992 |1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) |Las Vegas Aces | |- |C |9 |A'ja Wilson |27 – 8 August 1996 |1.91 m (6 ft 3 in) |Las Vegas Aces | |- |PF |10 |Breanna Stewart |29 – 27 August 1994 |1.91 m (6 ft 3 in) |New York Liberty | |- |SF |11 |Napheesa Collier |27 – 23 September 1996 |1.86 m (6 ft 1 in) |Minnesota Lynx | |- |G |12 |Diana Taurasi |42 – 11 June 1982 |1.82 m (6 ft 0 in) |Phoenix Mercury | |- |G |13 |Jackie Young |26 – 16 September 1997 |1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) |Las Vegas Aces | |- |PF |14 |Alyssa Thomas |32 – 12 April 1992 |1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) |Connecticut Sun | |- |C |15 |Brittney Griner |33 – 18 October 1990 |2.03 m (6 ft 8 in) |Phoenix Mercury | |} | ; Head coach * Cheryl Reeve<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240901012332/https://reports.fiba.basketball/reports/2024/Paris%202024%20Women%27s%20Olympic%20Basketball%20Tournament/rosters.pdf "Team roster: United States"] (PDF). ''fiba.basketball''. p. 12. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> ; Assistant coach(es) * Kara Lawson * Joni Taylor * Mike Thibault ---- ; Legend * '''(C)''' Team captain * '''Club''' – dey describe last club before de tournament * '''Age''' – dey describe age for 28 July 2024 |} '''Group play''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>PF</abbr> !<abbr>PA</abbr> !<abbr>PD</abbr> !<abbr>Pts</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 !United States |3 |3 |0 |276 |218 | +58 |6 | rowspan="3" |Quarterfinals |- |2 !Germany |3 |2 |1 |226 |220 | +6 |5 |- |3 !Belgium |3 |1 |2 |228 |228 |0 |4 |- |4 !Japan |3 |0 |3 |198 |262 |−64 |3 | rowspan="1" | |} Source: [https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/womens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/standings#tab=round_GP FIBA] Rules for classification: 1) classification points; 2) head-to-head results; 3) head-to-head game points difference; 4) head-to-head number of game points dem score. {| class="wikitable" |29 July 2024 <small>21:00</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/womens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/games/117671-USA-JPN Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |'''United States''' |'''102'''–76 |Japan |- | colspan="3" |'''Scoring by quarter:''' '''22'''–15, '''28'''–24, '''29'''–18, '''23'''–19 |- |'''Pts:''' Wilson 24 '''Rebs:''' Wilson 13 '''Asts:''' Gray 13 | |'''Pts:''' Takada 24 '''Rebs:''' ''four players'' 3 '''Asts:''' Machida, Yamamoto 5 |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade Pierre-Mauroy, Lille '''Attendance:''' 13,040 '''Referees:''' Luis Castillo (ESP), Viola Györgyi (NOR), Yevgeniy Mikheyev (KAZ) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |1 August 2024 <small>21:00</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/womens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/games/117673-BEL-USA Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |Belgium |74–'''87''' | '''United States''' |- | colspan="3" |'''Scoring by quarter:''' 23–23, 15–'''23''', '''15'''–14, 21–'''27''' |- |'''Pts:''' Meesseman 24 '''Rebs:''' Delaere, Linskens 5 '''Asts:''' Delaere 8 | |'''Pts:''' Stewart 26 '''Rebs:''' Wilson 13 '''Asts:''' Ionescu 5 |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade Pierre-Mauroy, Lille '''Attendance:''' 25,044 '''Referees:''' Wojciech Liszka (POL), Luis Castillo (ESP), Ariadna Chueca (ESP) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |4 August 2024 <small>17:15</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/womens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/games/117672-GER-USA Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |Germany |68–'''87''' | '''United States''' |- | colspan="3" |'''Scoring by quarter:''' '''19'''–16, 10–'''25''', 17–'''28''', '''22'''–18 |- |'''Pts:''' S. Sabally 15 '''Rebs:''' Geiselsöder 8 '''Asts:''' Peterson 4 | |'''Pts:''' Young 19 '''Rebs:''' Collier 7 '''Asts:''' ''three players'' 5 |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade Pierre-Mauroy, Lille '''Attendance:''' 25,844 '''Referees:''' Julio Anaya (PAN), Gatis Saliņš (LAT), Viola Györgyi (NOR) |} '''Quarterfinal''' {| class="wikitable" |7 August 2024 <small>21:30</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/womens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/games/122600-NGR-USA Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |Nigeria |74–'''88''' | '''United States''' |- | colspan="3" |'''Scoring by quarter:''' 17–'''26''', 16–'''26''', 15–'''24''', '''26'''–12 |- |'''Pts:''' Amukamara 19 '''Rebs:''' Kunaiyi-Akpannah 8 '''Asts:''' Kalu 7 | |'''Pts:''' Wilson 20 '''Rebs:''' Wilson 11 '''Asts:''' Thomas 6 |} {| class="wikitable" |Accor Arena, Paris '''Attendance:''' 12,437 '''Referees:''' Viola Györgyi (NOR), Juan Fernández (ARG), Yann Davidson (MAD) |} '''Semifinal''' {| class="wikitable" |9 August 2024 <small>17:30</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/womens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/games/122596-USA-AUS Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |'''United States''' |'''85'''–64 |Australia |- | colspan="3" |'''Scoring by quarter:''' '''20'''–16, '''25'''–11, '''21'''–13, 19–'''24''' |- |'''Pts:''' Young 14 '''Rebs:''' Wilson 8 '''Asts:''' ''three players'' 5 | |'''Pts:''' Borlase 11 '''Rebs:''' Smith 7 '''Asts:''' ''three players'' 3 |} {| class="wikitable" |Accor Arena, Paris '''Attendance:''' 11,919 '''Referees:''' Gatis Saliņš (LAT), Viola Györgyi (NOR), Péter Praksch (HUN) |} '''Gold medal game''' {| class="wikitable" |11 August 2024 <small>15:30</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://www.fiba.basketball/en/events/womens-olympic-basketball-tournament-paris-2024/games/122593-FRA-USA Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |France |66–'''67''' | '''United States''' |- | colspan="3" |'''Scoring by quarter:''' 9–'''15''', '''16'''–10, 18–'''20''', '''23'''–22 |- |'''Pts:''' Williams 19 '''Rebs:''' Williams 7 '''Asts:''' Badiane 3 | |'''Pts:''' Wilson 21 '''Rebs:''' Wilson 13 '''Asts:''' Gray, Plum 4 |} {| class="wikitable" |Accor Arena, Paris '''Attendance:''' 12,126 '''Referees:''' Boris Krejić (SLO), Viola Györgyi (NOR), Martin Vulić (CRO) |} ===3×3 basketball=== '''Summary''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="8" |Group stage !Play-in game !Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank |- |United States men |Men's tournament |Serbia '''L''' 14–22 |Poland '''L''' 17–19 |Lithuania '''L''' 18–20 |Latvia '''L''' 19–21 |France '''W''' 21–19 |China '''W''' 21–17 |Netherlands '''L''' 6–21 |7 | colspan="4" |Dem no advance |- |'''United States women''' |Women's tournament |Germany '''L''' 13–17 |Azerbaijan '''L''' 17–20 |Australia '''L''' 15–17 |Spain '''W''' 17–11 |France '''W''' 14–13 |Canada '''W''' 18–17 (OT) |China '''W''' 14–12 |3 '''PI''' |China '''W''' 21–13 |Spain '''L''' 16–18 (OT) |''Bronze medal final'' Canada '''W''' 16–13 |3 |} ====Men's tournament==== De U.S. men's 3x3 team qualify for ein first Olympics as one of de three highest-ranked teams insyd de world.<ref name=":7" /><ref name="3x3">[https://www.fiba.basketball/news/first-teams-qualified-for-3x3-basketball-at-paris-2024-olympics "First Teams Qualified for 3x3 Basketball at Paris 2024 Olympics"]. fiba.basketball. November 1, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231101161558/https://www.fiba.basketball/news/first-teams-qualified-for-3x3-basketball-at-paris-2024-olympics Archived] from the original on November 1, 2023. Retrieved November 1, 2023.</ref> For February 8, 2024, USA Basketball announce say Joe Lewandowski go coach de 2024 team insyd Paris. James Fraschilla go serve as assistant coach give de men's squad.<ref name="USA 3x3Team">[https://www.usab.com/news/2024/02/lewandowski-and-rizzotti-named-2024-usa-3x3-national-team-head-coaches "Lewandowski and Rizzotti Named 2024 USA 3x3 National Team Head Coaches"]. USA Basketball. February 8, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240209075619/https://www.usab.com/news/2024/02/lewandowski-and-rizzotti-named-2024-usa-3x3-national-team-head-coaches Archived] from the original on February 9, 2024. Retrieved February 8, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.usab.com/news/2024/02/usa-basketball-announces-2024-usa-3x3-mens-national-team-training-camp "USA Basketball Announces 2024 USA 3x3 Men's National Team Training Camp"]. USA Basketball. February 15, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240302074530/https://www.usab.com/news/2024/02/usa-basketball-announces-2024-usa-3x3-mens-national-team-training-camp Archived] from the original on March 2, 2024. Retrieved February 15, 2024.</ref> '''Head coach''' *Joe Lewandowski '''Assistant coach''' *James Fraschilla '''Team roster''' Na dem reveal de final roster for March 26, 2024.<ref>[https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2024/03/26/olympics-2024-usa-mens-3x3-basketball-team-paris-games/73103539007/ "Jimmer Fredette among familiar names selected for USA men's Olympic 3x3 basketball team"]. ''usatoday.com''. March 26, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240326142212/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/olympics/2024/03/26/olympics-2024-usa-mens-3x3-basketball-team-paris-games/73103539007/ Archived] from the original on March 26, 2024. Retrieved March 26, 2024.</ref> Jimmer Fredette, de 2011 NCAA Player of de Year, plus Canyon Barry (son of Hall of Famer Rick Barry), Kareem Maddox, den Dylan Travis make up de first U.S. Olympic men's 3x3 basketball team.<ref>[https://www.nbcsports.com/olympics/news/jimmer-fredette-olympics-3x3-basketball-team-roster "Fredette, Barry, Maddox, Travis make first U.S. Olympic men's 3x3 basketball team"]. ''NBC Sports''. March 26, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240330024501/https://www.nbcsports.com/olympics/news/jimmer-fredette-olympics-3x3-basketball-team-roster Archived] from the original on March 30, 2024. Retrieved March 30, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.usab.com/news/2024/03/2024-usa-basketball-3x3-mens-national-team-announced "2024 USA Basketball 3x3 Men's National Team Announced"]. USA Basketball. March 26, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240329224807/https://www.usab.com/news/2024/03/2024-usa-basketball-3x3-mens-national-team-announced Archived] from the original on March 29, 2024. Retrieved March 26, 2024.</ref> * Canyon Barry * Jimmer Fredette * Kareem Maddox * Dylan Travis '''Group play''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>PF</abbr> !<abbr>PA</abbr> !<abbr>PD</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 !Latvia |7 |7 |0 |147 |103 | +44 | rowspan="2" |Semifinals |- |2 !Netherlands |7 |5 |2 |133 |112 | +21 |- |3 !Lithuania |7 |4 |3 |134 |125 | +9 | rowspan="4" |Play-ins |- |4 !Serbia |7 |4 |3 |129 |123 | +6 |- |5 !France '''(H)''' |7 |3 |4 |131 |132 |−1 |- |6 !Poland |7 |2 |5 |116 |139 |−23 |- |7 !United States |7 |2 |5 |116 |138 |−22 | rowspan="2" | |- |8 !China |7 |1 |6 |107 |141 |−34 |} Source: [https://fiba3x3.com/2024/olympics/standings/men/pools FIBA] Rules for classification: 1) Wins; 2) Head-to-head record; 3) Points dem score. '''(H)''' Hosts Notes: # ^ Jump up to:^'''''a''''' ^'''''b''''' Lithuania 20–18 Serbia # ^ Jump up to:^'''''a''''' ^'''''b''''' United States 17–19 Poland {| class="wikitable" |30 July 2024 <small>22:35</small> <small>v</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3MTEAM3-------------GPA-000400--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |'''Serbia''' |'''22'''–14 |United States |- |'''Pts:''' Branković 8 | |'''Pts:''' Maddox 6 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Vlad Ghizdareanu (ROU), Edmond Ho (HKG) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |31 July 2024 <small>22:35</small> <small>v</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3MTEAM3-------------GPA-000800--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |United States |17–'''19''' | '''Poland''' |- |'''Pts:''' Barry, Travis 6 | |'''Pts:''' Bogucki 7 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Jasmina Juras (SRB), Vlad Ghizdareanu (ROU) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |1 August 2024 <small>19:05</small> <small>v</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3MTEAM3-------------GPA-001300--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |United States |18–'''20''' | '''Lithuania''' |- |'''Pts:''' Barry 9 | |'''Pts:''' Pukelis 7 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Edmond Ho (HKG), Najib Chajiddine (FRA) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |1 August 2024 <small>23:05</small> <small>v</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3MTEAM3-------------GPA-001600--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |United States |19–'''21''' | '''Latvia''' |- |'''Pts:''' Barry 10 | |'''Pts:''' Miezis 10 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Najib Chajiddine (FRA), Vlad Ghizdareanu (ROU) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |2 August 2024 <small>18:35</small> <small>v</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3MTEAM3-------------GPA-002100--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |France |19–'''21''' | '''United States''' |- |'''Pts:''' Seguela 7 | |'''Pts:''' Barry 16 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Shi Qirong (CHN), Edmond Ho (HKG) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |2 August 2024 <small>22:35</small> <small>v</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3MTEAM3-------------GPA-002400--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |China |17–'''21''' | '''United States''' |- |'''Pts:''' Zhao 9 | |'''Pts:''' Barry 14 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Kim Ga-in (KOR), Vlad Ghizdareanu (ROU) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |4 August 2024 <small>19:05</small> <small>v</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3MTEAM3-------------GPA-002800--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |United States |6–'''21''' | '''Netherlands''' |- |'''Pts:''' ''three players'' 2 | |'''Pts:''' De Jong 11 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Edmond Ho (HKG), Jasmina Juras (SRB) |} ====Women's tournament==== De defending champions U.S. women's 3x3 team qualify for de Olympics as one of de three highest-ranked teams insyd de world.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=3x3 /> For February 8, 2024, USA Basketball announce say Jennifer Rizzotti, presido of de Connecticut Sun, go coach de 2024 team insyd Paris. Na dem name Tammi Reiss assistant coach.<ref name="USA 3x3Team" /> '''Head coach''' *Jennifer Rizzotti '''Assistant coach''' *Tammi Reiss '''Team roster''' Na dem reveal de roster for June 5, 2024.<ref>[https://www.usab.com/news/2024/06/2024-usa-basketball-3x3-womens-national-team-announced "2024 USA Basketball 3x3 Women's National Team Announced"]. ''usab.com''. June 5, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240605181740/https://www.usab.com/news/2024/06/2024-usa-basketball-3x3-womens-national-team-announced Archived] from the original on June 5, 2024. Retrieved June 5, 2024.</ref> Dearica Hamby replace Cameron Brink for de roster top after de latter tear ein ACL during WNBA game for June 18, 2024.<ref>Pelton, Kevin; Voepel, Michael (June 19, 2024). [https://www.espn.com/wnba/story/_/id/40388421/wnba-2024-cameron-brink-torn-acl-injury-sparks-team-usa "What Brink's injury means for the rookie, Sparks and USA 3x3"]. ESPN. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240619235333/https://www.espn.com/wnba/story/_/id/40388421/wnba-2024-cameron-brink-torn-acl-injury-sparks-team-usa Archived] from the original on June 19, 2024. Retrieved June 19, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://sparks.wnba.com/news/dearica-hamby-named-to-2024-usa-basketball-3x3-womens-national-team/ "Dearica Hamby Named to 2024 USA Basketball 3×3 Women's National Team"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240624183253/https://sparks.wnba.com/news/dearica-hamby-named-to-2024-usa-basketball-3x3-womens-national-team/ Archived] from the original on June 24, 2024. Retrieved June 24, 2024.</ref> *Cierra Burdick *Dearica Hamby* *Rhyne Howard *Hailey Van Lith '''Group play''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>PF</abbr> !<abbr>PA</abbr> !<abbr>PD</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 !Germany |7 |6 |1 |117 |100 | +17 | rowspan="2" |Semifinals |- |2 !Spain |7 |4 |3 |115 |114 | +1 |- |3 !United States |7 |4 |3 |108 |109 |−1 | rowspan="4" |Play-ins |- |4 ![[Canada]] |7 |4 |3 |129 |112 | +17 |- |5 ![[Australia at the 2024 Summer Olympics|Australia]] |7 |4 |3 |127 |122 | +5 |- |6 ![[China at the 2024 Summer Olympics|China]] |7 |2 |5 |107 |123 |−16 |- |7 !Azerbaijan |7 |2 |5 |106 |123 |−17 | rowspan="2" | |- |8 !France '''(H)''' |7 |2 |5 |99 |105 |−6 |} Source: [https://fiba3x3.com/2024/olympics/standings/women/pools FIBA] Rules for classification: 1) Wins; 2) Head-to-head record; 3) Points dem score. '''(H)''' Hosts Notes: # ^ Jump up to:^'''''a''''' ^'''''b''''' ^'''''c''''' ^'''''d''''' Spain 2–1; United States 2–1; Canada 1–2; Australia 1–2. Dem sort by points dem score after first tie break. # ^ Jump up to:^'''''a''''' ^'''''b''''' ^'''''c''''' China 1–1; France 1–1; Azerbaijan 1–1. Dem sort by points dem score. {| class="wikitable" |30 July 2024 <small>17:30</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3WTEAM3-------------GPA-000100--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |'''Germany''' |'''17'''–13 |United States |- |'''Pts:''' Greinacher, Reichert 5 | |'''Pts:''' Van Lith 6 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Markos Michaelides (SUI), Kim Ga-in (KOR) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |31 July 2024 <small>21:30</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3WTEAM3-------------GPA-000800--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |United States |17–'''20''' | '''Azerbaijan''' |- |'''Pts:''' Hamby 7 | |'''Pts:''' Hayes 11 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Jasmina Juras (SRB), Kim Ga-in (KOR) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |1 August 2024 <small>13:00</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3WTEAM3-------------GPA-001200--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |United States |15–'''17''' | '''Australia''' |- |'''Pts:''' Howard 8 | |'''Pts:''' Wilson 8 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Brigitta Csabai-Kaskötő (HUN), Jasmina Juras (SRB) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |1 August 2024 <small>21:30</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3WTEAM3-------------GPA-001500--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |Spain |11–'''17''' | '''United States''' |- |'''Pts:''' Gimeno 5 | |'''Pts:''' Howard, Van Lith 5 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Shi Qirong (CHN), Marek Maliszewski (POL) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |2 August 2024 <small>13:00</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3WTEAM3-------------GPA-002000--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |'''United States''' |'''14'''–13 |France |- |'''Pts:''' ''three players'' 4 | |'''Pts:''' Guapo 5 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Brigitta Csabai-Kaskötő (HUN), Marek Maliszewski (POL) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |2 August 2024 <small>18:00</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3WTEAM3-------------GPA-002200--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |'''United States''' |'''18'''–17 (OT) |Canada |- |'''Pts:''' Howard 7 | |'''Pts:''' K. Plouffe 10 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Kim Ga-in (KOR), Najib Chajiddine (FRA) |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |3 August 2024 <small>19:05</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3WTEAM3-------------GPA-002800--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |China |12–'''14''' | '''United States''' |- |'''Pts:''' Wan, Zhang 4 | |'''Pts:''' Van Lith 6 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Markos Michaelides (SUI), Vlad Ghizdareanu (ROU) |} '''Play-in''' {| class="wikitable" |3 August 2024 <small>22:05</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3WTEAM3-------------QFNL000400--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |'''United States''' |'''21'''–13 |China |- |'''Pts:''' Hamby 9 | |'''Pts:''' Chen, Wan 4 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Markos Michaelides (SUI), Kim Ga-in (KOR) |} '''Semifinal''' {| class="wikitable" |5 August 2024 <small>17:30</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3WTEAM3-------------SFNL000200--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |'''Spain''' |'''18'''–16 (OT) |United States |- |'''Pts:''' Ygueravide 9 | |'''Pts:''' Van Lith 8 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Shi Qirong (CHN), Marek Maliszewski (POL) |} '''Bronze medal game''' {| class="wikitable" |5 August 2024 <small>21:00</small> |} {| class="wikitable" |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/BK3/OG2024_BK3_C73_BK3WTEAM3-------------FNL-000200--.pdf Boxscore] |} {| class="wikitable" |Canada |13–'''16''' | '''United States''' |- |'''Pts:''' K. Plouffe 5 | |'''Pts:''' Van Lith 6 |} {| class="wikitable" |Place de la Concorde, Paris '''Referees:''' Najib Chajiddine (FRA), Shi Qirong (CHN) |} ==Boxing== De U.S. qualify eight boxers into de Olympic tournament. Na de first qualifying event be de 2023 Pan American Games insyd Santiago, Chile, plus American boxers earn dema Olympic quotas der.<ref name=":7" /> Later on, one American boxer qualify via de 2024 World Olympic Qualification Tournament 1 insyd Busto Arsizio, Italy.<ref>[https://olympics.com/en/news/boxing-1st-world-qualification-tournament-busto-arsizio-quotas "Boxing 1st World Qualification Tournament - Busto Arsizio: Which boxers have obtained quotas for Paris 2024?"]. Olympics. March 11, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240311133002/https://olympics.com/en/news/boxing-1st-world-qualification-tournament-busto-arsizio-quotas Archived] from the original on March 11, 2024. Retrieved March 12, 2024.</ref> Roscoe Hill (men's flyweight) den Alyssa Mendoza (women's featherweight) secure dema spots, dem win insyd de quota bouts round for de 2024 World Olympic Qualification Tournament 2 insyd Bangkok, Thailand.<ref>[https://www.usaboxing.org/news/2024/june/02/hill-and-mendoza-qualify-for-2024-paris-olympic-games "Hill and Mendoza Qualify for 2024 Paris Olympic Games"]. USA Boxing. June 2, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240603081437/https://www.usaboxing.org/news/2024/june/02/hill-and-mendoza-qualify-for-2024-paris-olympic-games Archived] from the original on June 3, 2024. Retrieved June 2, 2024.</ref> American athletes go compete insyd eight of de 13 available weight classes. All of dem be first-time Olympians for de second consecutive Games.<ref>[https://www.nbcsports.com/olympics/news/boxing-olympic-team-usa-roster-paris-2024 "U.S. boxing team for Paris is all Olympic rookies"]. NBC Sports. June 2, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240602172328/https://www.nbcsports.com/olympics/news/boxing-olympic-team-usa-roster-paris-2024 Archived] from the original on June 2, 2024. Retrieved June 2, 2024.</ref> '''Men''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event !Round of 32 !Round of 16 !Quarterfinals !Semifinals ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Rank |- |Roscoe Hill |Flyweight |Ahmadisafa (EOR) '''W''' 5–0 |Bennama (FRA) '''L''' 2–3 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Jahmal Harvey |Featherweight |Bye |Oliveira (BRA) '''W''' 3–2 |Uulu (KGZ) '''L''' 2–3 | colspan="3" |He no advance |- |'''Omari Jones''' |Welterweight |Bye |Kan (TPE) '''W''' 5–0 |Kiwan (BUL) '''W''' 5–0 |Myudinkhujaev (UZB) '''L''' 2–3 |He no advance |3 |- |Joshua Edwards |Super heavyweight |— |Lenzi (ITA) '''L''' 1–3 | colspan="4" |He no advance |} '''Women''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event !Round of 32 !Round of 16 !Quarterfinals !Semifinals ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Rank |- |Jennifer Lozano |Flyweight |Bye |Kaivo-oja (FIN) '''L''' 0–5 | colspan="4" |She no advance |- |Alyssa Mendoza |Featherweight |Samadova (TJK) '''W''' 3–2 |Romeu (BRA) '''L''' 1–4 | colspan="4" |She no advance |- |Jajaira Gonzalez |Lightweight |Mossely (FRA) '''W''' 4–0 |Ferreira (BRA) '''L''' 0–5 | colspan="4" |She no advance |- |Morelle McCane |Welterweight |Bye |Khamidova (UZB) '''L''' 2–3 | colspan="4" |She no advance |} ==Breaking== De United States qualify four breakdancers for de Paris Olympics.<ref name=":7" /> Victor Montalvo (Victor) qualify for de Games insyd de B-Boy dual category dey follow ein victory for de 2023 World Championships insyd Leuven, Belgium.<ref>[https://olympics.com/en/news/2023-wdsf-world-breaking-champs-victor-nicka-titles-olympic-quotas "2023 WDSF World Breaking Championship in Leuven: B-Boy Victor and B-Girl Nicka win world titles to secure Paris 2024 quota spots"]. International Olympic Committee. September 25, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231103085910/https://olympics.com/en/news/2023-wdsf-world-breaking-champs-victor-nicka-titles-olympic-quotas Archived] from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved September 25, 2023.</ref> Sunny Choi (Sunny) qualify insyd de B-Girl category dey follow ein victory for de 2023 Pan American Games insyd Santiago, Chile.<ref>[https://olympics.com/en/news/pan-american-games-2023-b-boy-phil-wizard-and-b-girl-sunny-take-breaking-gold-and-secure-olympic-quotas "Pan American Games 2023: B-Boy Phil Wizard and B-Girl Sunny take breaking gold and secure Olympic quotas"]. International Olympic Committee. November 5, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231105191040/https://olympics.com/en/news/pan-american-games-2023-b-boy-phil-wizard-and-b-girl-sunny-take-breaking-gold-and-secure-olympic-quotas Archived] from the original on November 5, 2023. Retrieved November 29, 2023.</ref> Later on, Jeffrey Louis (Jeffro) den Logan Elanna Edra (Logistx) dem outlast from de 2024 Olympic Qualifier Series insyd Shanghai, China den Budapest, Hungary.<ref>[https://www.teamusa.com/news/2024/june/23/jeffro-and-logistx-qualify-for-olympic-games-paris-2024 "JEFFRO AND LOGISTX QUALIFY FOR OLYMPIC GAMES PARIS 2024"]. Team USA. June 23, 2024. Retrieved June 23, 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Nickname ! rowspan="2" |Event !Pre-qualification ! colspan="4" |Round robin !Quarterfinal !Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Rank !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Rank |- |Jeffrey Louis |Jeffro | rowspan="2" |B-Boys | rowspan="2" |— |Lagaet (FRA) '''W''' 2–0 |Lee (NED) '''W''' 2–0 |Hong10 (KOR) '''T''' 1–1 |1 '''Q''' |Danny Dann (FRA) '''L''' 1–2 | colspan="3" |He no advance |- |'''Victor Montalvo''' |Victor |Shigekix (JPN) '''T''' 1–1 |Lithe-ing (CHN) '''W''' 2–0 |Hiro10 (JPN) '''W''' 2–0 |1 '''Q''' |Amir (KAZ) '''W''' 3–0 |Danny Dann (FRA) '''L''' 1–2 |''Bronze medal match'' Shigekix (JPN) '''W''' 3–0 |3 |- |Sunny Choi |Sunny | rowspan="2" |B-Girls |Bye |671 (CHN) '''L''' 0–2 |India (NED) '''L''' 0–2 |Vanessa (POR) '''W''' 2–0 |3 | colspan="4" |She no advance |- |Logan Edra |Logistx |Bye |Raygun (AUS) '''W''' 2–0 |Nicka (LTU) '''L''' 0–2 |Syssy (FRA) '''T''' 1–1 |3 | colspan="4" |She no advance |} ==Canoeing== ===Slalom=== De United States qualify two boats into de slalom competition via de 2023 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships insyd London, Great Britain.<ref>[https://olympics.com/en/news/canoe-slalom-2023-world-championship-men-women-final-paris-quotas "Mallory Franklin and Benjamin Savsek reclaim individual world titles after six-year wait while 24 Olympic quotas in C1 are confirmed"]. International Olympic Committee. September 24, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240628221653/https://olympics.com/en/news/canoe-slalom-2023-world-championship-men-women-final-paris-quotas Archived] from the original on June 28, 2024. Retrieved September 24, 2023.</ref> Evy Leibfarth cam turn de first American woman make she qualify for three paddling events insyd de Olympics after she earn ein spot for both de kayak slalom den kayak cross.<ref>[https://www.citizen-times.com/story/sports/2024/04/29/evy-leibfarth-kayak-canoe-qualifies-2024-summer-olympics-paris-bryson-city/73501558007/ "Bryson City kayak star Evy Leibfarth qualifies for two more events in 2024 Summer Olympics"]. The Asheville Citizen Times. April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024.</ref> Casey Eichfeld earn ein Paris spot after he win de men's slalom for de Olympic Trials.<ref>[https://www.nbcsports.com/olympics/news/casey-eichfeld-canoe-slalom-olympics "Casey Eichfeld earns Paris spot at U.S. Olympic Canoe Trials"]. NBC Sports. April 27, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240428000359/https://www.nbcsports.com/olympics/news/casey-eichfeld-canoe-slalom-olympics Archived] from the original on April 28, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.</ref> {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=6|Preliminary !colspan=2|Semifinal !colspan=2|Final |- style=font-size:95% !Run 1 !Rank !Run 2 !Rank !Best !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank |- |align=left|Casey Eichfeld |align=left|Men's C-1 |99.84 |14 |94.69 |4 |94.69 |10 '''Q''' |162.23 |16 |colspan=2|He no advance |- |align=left rowspan=2|'''Evy Leibfarth''' |align=left|Women's C-1 |108.82 |9 |107.09 |8 |107.09 |11 '''Q''' |117.58 |12 '''Q''' |109.95 |3 |- |align=left|Women's K-1 |97.24 |8 |93.84 |4 |93.84 |4 '''Q''' |109.54 |15 |colspan=2|She no advance |} '''Kayak cross''' {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=2|Time trial !Round 1 !Repechage !Heat !Quarterfinal !Semifinal !colspan=2|Final |-style=font-size:95% !Time !Rank !Position !Position !Position !Position !Position !Position !Rank |- |align=left|Casey Eichfeld |align=left|Men's KX-1 |81.13 |33 |3 '''R''' |3 |colspan=4|He no advance |37 |- |align=left|Evy Leibfarth |align=left|Women's KX-1 |72.66 |6 |1 '''Q''' |Bye |1 '''Q''' |3 |colspan=2|She no advance |10 |} ===Sprint=== U.S. canoeists qualify one boat insyd each of de distances wey dey follow via de 2023 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships insyd Duisburg, Germany,<ref>[https://www.canoeicf.com/news/first-25-olympic-quotas-earned-duisburg "First 25 Olympic quotas earned in Duisburg"]. International Canoe Federation. August 25, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230826081336/https://www.canoeicf.com/news/first-25-olympic-quotas-earned-duisburg Archived] from the original on August 26, 2023. Retrieved September 9, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://olympics.com/en/news/2023-icf-canoe-sprint-world-championships-duisburg-paris-quotas-medals-results "ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships 2023: All final results, Paris 2024 qualification berths, and medals table - complete list"]. International Olympic Committee. August 28, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231109170817/https://olympics.com/en/news/2023-icf-canoe-sprint-world-championships-duisburg-paris-quotas-medals-results Archived] from the original on November 9, 2023. Retrieved September 9, 2023.</ref> den de 2024 Pan American Canoe Sprint Olympic Qualifiers insyd Sarasota.<ref>[https://www.nbc-2.com/article/americans-qualify-2024-olympics-panam-canoe-sprint-championships-sarasota/60586033 "Two Americans qualify for 2024 Olympics at Panam Canoe Sprint championships in Sarasota"]. WBBH. April 24, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240424053903/https://www.nbc-2.com/article/americans-qualify-2024-olympics-panam-canoe-sprint-championships-sarasota/60586033 Archived] from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.</ref> For March 22, 2024, 2020 Olympic gold medalist Nevin Harrison cam turn de first American make he qualify for de Paris Games insyd any canoe anaa kayak event.<ref>[https://www.nbcsports.com/olympics/news/nevin-harrison-canoe-olympic-team-paris-2024 "Nevin Harrison qualifies to defend Olympic canoe title"]. NBC Sports. March 22, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240322173012/https://www.nbcsports.com/olympics/news/nevin-harrison-canoe-olympic-team-paris-2024 Archived] from the original on March 22, 2024. Retrieved March 22, 2024.</ref> {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=2|Heats !colspan=2|Quarterfinals !colspan=2|Semifinals !colspan=2|Final |-style=font-size:95% !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank |- |align=left|Jonas Ecker |align=left rowspan=2|Men's K-1 1000 m |3:37.21 |3 '''QF''' |3:41.77 |5 |colspan=4|He no advance |- |align=left|Aaron Small |3:40.87 |6 '''QF''' |3:42.05 |5 |colspan=4|He no advance |- |align=left|Jonas Ecker<br />Aaron Small |align=left|Men's K-2 500 m |1:32.01 |5 '''QF''' |1:28.93 |3 '''SF''' |1:29.51 |4 '''FA''' |1:30.02 |8 |- |align=left|'''Nevin Harrison''' |align=left|Women's C-1 200 m |45.70 |1 '''SF''' |Bye |45.30 |2 '''FA''' |44.13 | |2 |} <span style="font-size:85%;">Qualification Legend: '''FA''' - Qualify to final (medal); '''FB''' - Qualify to final B (non-medal); '''SF''' - Qualify to semifinal; '''QF''' - Qualify to quarterfinal</span> ==Cycling== ===Road=== De United States qualify team of six road cyclists via de Union Cycliste Internationale Nation (UCI) Ranking den 2023 World Championships insyd Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.<ref>[https://olympics.com/en/news/road-cycling-quota-announcement "Road cycling at Paris 2024: Quota distribution for next Olympic Games decided following publication of UCI World Ranking by Nations"]. International Olympic Committee. October 18, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231020102204/https://olympics.com/en/news/road-cycling-quota-announcement Archived] from the original on October 20, 2023. Retrieved October 20, 2023.</ref><ref>[https://usacycling.org/article/usa-cycling-announces-olympic-games-paris-2024-road-cycling-team "USA CYCLING ANNOUNCES OLYMPIC GAMES PARIS 2024 ROAD CYCLING TEAM"]. USA Cycling. June 21, 2024. Retrieved June 21, 2024.</ref> '''Men''' {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !Athlete !Event !Time !Rank |- |align=left|Matteo Jorgenson |align=left rowspan=3|Road race |6:20:50 |9 |- |align=left|Brandon McNulty |6:21:54 |24 |- |align=left|Magnus Sheffield |6:26:57 |42 |- |align=left|Brandon McNulty |align=left rowspan=2|Time trial |37:16.60 |5 |- |align=left|Magnus Sheffield |38:05.24 |16 |} '''Women''' {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !Athlete !Event !Time !Rank |- |align=left|Chloé Dygert |align=left rowspan=2|Road race |4:03:03 |15 |- |align=left|'''Kristen Faulkner''' |3:59:23 |1 |- |align=left|'''Chloé Dygert''' |align=left rowspan=2|Time trial |41:10.70 |3 |- |align=left|Taylor Knibb |43:03.46 |19 |} ===Track=== De United States qualify six track athletes via de 2022–2024 UCI Track Olympic Ranking.<ref>[https://www.uci.org/discipline/track/5bBV0EMQvb3ZiTcXbKFLJz?tab=rankings "UCI Track Olympic Ranking"]. uci.ch. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231206041636/https://www.uci.org/discipline/track/5bBV0EMQvb3ZiTcXbKFLJz?tab=rankings Archived] from the original on December 6, 2023. Retrieved April 14, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://usacycling.org/article/usa-cycling-announces-olympic-games-paris-2024-track-cycling-team "USA CYCLING ANNOUNCES OLYMPIC GAMES PARIS 2024 TRACK CYCLING TEAM"]. USA Cycling. June 13, 2024. Retrieved June 13, 2024.</ref> '''Pursuit''' {| class=wikitable style=font-size:90% !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=2|Qualification !Semifinal !colspan=2|Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> '''/''' <abbr>Cl.</abbr> |-style=font-size:95% !Time !Rank !Opponent<br />Results !Opponent<br />Results !Rank |-align=center |align=left|'''Chloé Dygert<br />Kristen Faulkner<br />Jennifer Valente<br />Lily Williams''' |align=left|Women's team pursuit |4:05.238 |2 '''Q''' |Great Britain<br />'''W''' 4:04.629–4:04.908 '''FA''' |New Zealand<br />'''W''' 4:04.306–4:04.927 |1 |} <span style="font-size:85%;">Qualification legend: '''Q''' - Qualify to semifinal for gold medal; '''q''' - Qualify to classification semifinal; '''FA''' - Gold medal final; '''FB''' - Bronze medal final; '''FC''' - Fifth place final; '''FD''' - Seventh place final</span> '''Omnium''' {| class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=2|Scratch race !colspan=3|Tempo race !colspan=2|Elimination race !colspan=2|Points race !colspan=2|Total |-style=font-size:95% !Rank !'''OP''' !Points !Rank !OP !Rank !OP !Points !Rank !OP !Rank |- |align=left|Grant Koontz |align=left|Men's omnium |15 |12 |21 |9 |24 |18 |6 |0 |6 |42 |16 |- |align=left|'''Jennifer Valente''' |align=left|Women's omnium |1 |40 |9 |2 |38 |1 |40 |26 |18 |144 |1 |} '''Madison''' {| class=wikitable style=font-size:90% |- !Athlete !Event !Points !Rank |-align=center |align=left|Jennifer Valente<br />Lily Williams |align=left|Women's madison |18 |4 |} ===Mountain biking=== U.S. mountain bikers secure two men's den two women's quota places insyd de Olympic cross-country race by dem top de field of nations wey dey vie for qualification for de 2023 Pan American Championships insyd Congonhas, Brazil, den base for de points dem acquire top thru out de biennial UCI Olympic Qualification Ranking.<ref>[https://usacycling.org/article/usa-cycling-announces-olympic-games-paris-2024-mountain-bike-team "USA CYCLING ANNOUNCES OLYMPIC GAMES PARIS 2024 MOUNTAIN BIKE TEAM"]. USA Cycling. June 11, 2024. Retrieved June 11, 2024.</ref> {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !Athlete !Event !Time !Rank |- |align=left|Riley Amos |align=left rowspan=2|Men's cross-country |1:28:08 |7 |- |align=left|Christopher Blevins |1:29:06 |13 |- |align=left|'''Haley Batten''' |align=left rowspan=2|Women's cross-country |1:28:59 |2 |- |align=left|Savilia Blunk |1:31:52 |12 |} ===BMX=== '''Freestyle'''<br />De United States receive four quota spots, plus American athletes wey fini among de top six for de 2024 Olympic Qualifier Series.<ref>[https://assets.ctfassets.net/761l7gh5x5an/66UPsszZqF6rlAuqVbb1HU/3d9c45f41d540de4507ac504c55ad34a/20240626_NOCsQualifies_Men_BMX_Freestyle.pdf "Athletes' quotas for BMX Freestyle men's event"] (PDF). ''www.uci.org/''. Union Cycliste Internationale. Retrieved July 5, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://assets.ctfassets.net/761l7gh5x5an/6AwlQi3gLBGF5fkyL7wIRx/716b677dfeef92e9606923686f992f5d/20240704_NOCsQualifies_Women_BMX_Freestyle.pdf "Athletes' quotas for BMX Freestyle women's event"] (PDF). ''www.uci.org/''. Union Cycliste Internationale. Retrieved July 5, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://usacycling.org/article/roberts-benegas-christopher-and-dowell-qualify-for-paris-2024-after-overall-finishes-at-olympic-qualifier-series "ROBERTS, BENEGAS, CHRISTOPHER, AND DOWELL QUALIFY FOR PARIS 2024 AFTER OVERALL FINISHES AT OLYMPIC QUALIFIER SERIES"]. USA Cycling. June 24, 2024. Retrieved June 24, 2024.</ref> {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=2|Seeding !colspan=2|Final |-style=font-size:95% !Points !Rank !Points !Rank |- |align=left|Marcus Christopher |align=left rowspan=2|Men's |89.48 |2 '''Q''' |93.11 |4 |- |align=left|Justin Dowell |89.07 |4 '''Q''' |88.35 |7 |- |align=left|'''Perris Benegas''' |align=left rowspan=2|Women's |85.44 |4 '''Q''' |90.70 |2 |- |align=left|Hannah Roberts |91.45 |1 '''Q''' |70.00 |8 |} '''Race'''<br />U.S. riders receive five quota places (two men's den three women's) insyd de BMX Race for Paris 2024 by dem top de field of nations wey vie for qualification at de 2023 Pan American Championships insyd Riobamba, Ecuador, den de 2024 UCI BMX World Championships, as well as thru de final Olympic BMX ranking.<ref>[https://assets.ctfassets.net/761l7gh5x5an/17JyyUlxjRksv0pOPR3qPX/3f10e045f27836e2a9910e4c66e0cb17/20240604_NOCsQualifies_Men_BMX_Racing.pdf "Athletes' quotas for BMX Racing men's event"] (PDF). ''www.uci.org/''. Union Cycliste Internationale. June 11, 2024. Retrieved July 5, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://assets.ctfassets.net/761l7gh5x5an/51lhL5lqmwa2awMK9OTjHS/f7e92bdf315f6dd60afe253c4feb7acc/20240529_NOCsQualifies_Women_BMX_Racing.pdf "Athletes' quotas for BMX Racing women's event"] (PDF). ''www.uci.org/''. Union Cycliste Internationale. June 11, 2024. Retrieved July 5, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://usacycling.org/article/usa-cycling-announces-olympic-games-paris-2024-bmx-racing-team "USA CYCLING ANNOUNCES OLYMPIC GAMES PARIS 2024 BMX RACING TEAM"]. USA Cycling. June 18, 2024. Retrieved June 18, 2024.</ref> {| class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=2|Quarterfinal !colspan=2|'''LCQ''' !colspan=2|Semifinal !colspan=2|Final |- style=font-size:95% !Points !Rank !Time !Rank !Points !Rank !Result !Rank |- |align=left|Kamren Larsen |align=left rowspan=2|Men's |7 |4 '''Q''' |Bye |19 |14 |colspan=2|She no advance |- |align=left|Cameron Wood |7 |5 '''Q''' |Bye |11 |7 '''Q''' |32.446 |5 |- |align=left|Felicia Stancil |align=left rowspan=3|Women's |20 |22 |colspan=6|She no advance |- |align=left|Daleny Vaughn |8 |7 '''Q''' |Bye |16 |11 |colspan=2|She no advance |- |align=left|Alise Willoughby |3 |3 '''Q''' |Bye |11 |5 '''Q''' |36.171 |6 |} ==Diving== '''Men''' {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=2|Preliminary !colspan=2|Semifinal !colspan=2|Final |- style="font-size:95%" !Points !Rank !Points !Rank !Points !Rank |- |align=left|Andrew Capobianco |align=left rowspan=2|3 m springboard |382.05 |15 '''Q''' |407.65 |15 |colspan=2|He no advance |- |align=left|Carson Tyler |389.80 |10 '''Q''' |438.00 |7 '''Q''' |429.25 |4 |- |align=left|Brandon Loschiavo |align=left rowspan=2|10 m platform |393.65 |13 '''Q''' |372.45 |17 |colspan=2|He no advance |- |align=left|Carson Tyler |363.75 |19 |colspan=4|He no advance |- |align=left|Tyler Downs<br />Greg Duncan |align=left|3 m synchronized springboard |— |346.08 |8 |} '''Women''' {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=2|Preliminary !colspan=2|Semifinal !colspan=2|Final |-style=font-size:95% !Points !Rank !Points !Rank !Points !Rank |- |align=left|Sarah Bacon |align=left rowspan=2|3 m springboard |264.40 |19 |colspan=4|She no advance |- |align=left|Alison Gibson |198.30 |28 |colspan=4|She no advance |- |align=left|Delaney Schnell |align=left rowspan=2|10 m platform |278.15 |17 '''Q''' |271.95 |15 |colspan=2|She no advance |- |align=left|Daryn Wright |272.25 |19 |colspan=4|She no advance |- |align=left|'''Sarah Bacon<br />Kassidy Cook''' |align=left|3 m synchronized springboard |— |314.64 |2 |- |align=left|Jessica Parratto<br />Delaney Schnell |align=left|10 m synchronized platform |— |287.52 |6 |} ==Equestrian== U.S. equestrians enter full squad each insyd dema respective disciplines thru top-six finish insyd de team dressage at de 2022 World Championships insyd Herning, Denmark; top-seven fini at de Eventing Worlds of de same year insyd Pratoni del Vivaro, Italy; den top-three finish at de 2023 Pan American Games insyd Santiago, Chile.<ref>Salem, Patricia (August 7, 2022). [https://www.fei.org/stories/sport/dressage/laudrup-dufour-leads-denmark-victory "Laudrup-Dufour Leads Denmark to Victory"]. FEI. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220921234542/https://www.fei.org/stories/sport/dressage/laudrup-dufour-leads-denmark-victory Archived] from the original on September 21, 2022. Retrieved September 18, 2022.</ref><ref>Salem, Patricia (September 18, 2022). [https://www.fei.org/stories/sport/eventing/germany-ingham-claim-gold "Germany, Ingham Claim Gold"]. FEI. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221005130701/https://www.fei.org/stories/sport/eventing/germany-ingham-claim-gold Archived] from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved September 24, 2022.</ref><ref>Peene, Sam (November 1, 2023). [https://olympics.com/en/news/pan-american-games-2023-usa-canada-and-mexico-secure-equestrian-jumping-olympic-quotas "Pan American Games 2023: USA, Canada and Mexico secure equestrian jumping's Olympic quotas"]. ''Olympics''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231102023246/https://olympics.com/en/news/pan-american-games-2023-usa-canada-and-mexico-secure-equestrian-jumping-olympic-quotas Archived] from the original on November 2, 2023. Retrieved November 2, 2023.</ref> Na dem announce de eventing team for June 3, 2024,<ref>[https://www.usef.org/media/press-releases/us-equestrian-announces-us-olympic-eventing "US Equestrian Announces U.S. Olympic Eventing Team Ahead of Paris 2024 Olympic Games"]. US Equestrian. June 3, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240603222430/https://www.usef.org/media/press-releases/us-equestrian-announces-us-olympic-eventing Archived] from the original on June 3, 2024. Retrieved June 3, 2024.</ref> na dem announce de dressage team for June 25, 2024,<ref>[https://www.usef.org/media/press-releases/us-equestrian-announces-us-olympic-dressage "US Equestrian Announces U.S. Olympic Dressage Team for Paris 2024 Olympic Games"]. US Equestrian. June 25, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240626031139/https://www.usef.org/media/press-releases/us-equestrian-announces-us-olympic-dressage Archived] from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved June 25, 2024.</ref> wey na dem reveal de jumping team for July 6, 2024.<ref>[https://www.usef.org/media/press-releases/us-equestrian-announces-us-olympic-jumping-team "US Equestrian Announces U.S. Olympic Jumping Team for Paris 2024 Olympic Games"]. US Equestrian. July 6, 2024. Retrieved July 6, 2024.</ref> ===Dressage=== {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Horse ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Grand Prix ! colspan="2" |Grand Prix Special ! colspan="2" |Grand Prix Freestyle ! colspan="2" |Overall |- !Score !Rank !Score !Rank !Technical !Artistic !Score !Rank |- |Adrienne Lyle |Helix | rowspan="3" |Individual |72.593 |3 | colspan="2" rowspan="3" |— | colspan="4" |She no advance |- |Marcus Orlob |Jane | colspan="2" |<abbr>WD</abbr> | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Steffen Peters |Suppenkasper |66.491 |9 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Adrienne Lyle Marcus Orlob Steffen Peters |''See above'' |Team | colspan="2" |<abbr>WD</abbr> | colspan="2" |Dem no advance | colspan="4" |— |} <small>Qualification Legend: '''Q''' = Dem qualify for de final base for position insyd group; '''q''' = Dem qualify for de final base on overall position</small> ===Eventing=== {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="3" |Athlete ! rowspan="3" |Horse ! rowspan="3" |Event ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Dressage ! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |Cross-country ! colspan="6" |Jumping ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Total |- ! colspan="3" |Qualifier ! colspan="3" |Final |- !Penalties !Rank !Penalties !Total !Rank !Penalties !Total !Rank !Penalties !Total !Rank !Penalties !Rank |- |Liz Halliday-Sharp |Cooley Nutcracker | rowspan="3" |Individual |28.00 |19 |6.00 |34.00 |22 |0.80 |34.80 |15 '''Q''' |5.20 |40.00 |19 |40.00 |19 |- |Boyd Martin |Fedarman B |30.50 |26 |1.60 |32.10 |17 |0.00 |32.10 |11 '''Q''' |0.00 |32.10 |10 |32.10 |10 |- |Caroline Pamukcu |HSH Blake |30.40 |25 |32.00 |62.40 |47 |4.40 |66.80 |37 | colspan="3" |She no advance |66.80 |37 |- |Liz Halliday-Sharp Boyd Martin Caroline Pamukcu |''Spy above'' |Team |88.90 |6 |38.00 |128.50 |9 |5.20 |133.70 |7 | colspan="3" |— |133.70 |7 |} ===Jumping=== {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Horse ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="3" |Qualification ! colspan="3" |Final ! colspan="3" |Jump-off |- !Penalties !Time !Rank !Penalties !Time !Rank !Penalties !Time !Rank |- |Karl Cook |Caracole de la Roque | rowspan="3" |Individual |0 |76.97 |16 '''Q''' |8 |79.72 |16 | colspan="3" |He no advance |- |Laura Kraut |Baloutinue |4 |73.22 |27 '''Q''' |4 |81.61 |8 | colspan="3" |She no advance |- |McLain Ward |Ilex |4 |75.50 |34 | colspan="6" |He no advance |- |'''Karl Cook''' '''Laura Kraut''' '''McLain Ward''' |''See above'' |Team |6 |227.57 |2 '''Q''' |4 |229.90 |2 | colspan="3" |— |} ==Fencing== Na dem announce de full roster of 20 fencers (wey dey include five alternate athletes) for May 1, 2024, plus women dey outnumber men.<ref>[https://www.usafencing.org/news_article/show/1308593 "USA Fencing Announces Full Roster for Olympic Games Paris 2024"]. USA Fencing. May 1, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240501211058/https://www.usafencing.org/news_article/show/1308593 Archived] from the original on May 1, 2024. Retrieved May 1, 2024.</ref> '''Men''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event !Round of 64 !Round of 32 !Round of 16 !Quarterfinal !Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank |- |'''Nick Itkin''' | rowspan="3" |Foil |Bye |Tofalides (CYP) '''W''' 15–10 |Tolba (EGY) '''W''' 15–8 |Bianchi (ITA) '''W''' 15–14 |Macchi (ITA) '''L''' 11–15 |''Bronze medal final'' Iimura (JPN) '''W''' 15–12 |3 |- |Alexander Massialas |Bye |Keryhuel (CIV) '''W''' 15–3 |Iimura (JPN) '''L''' 8–15 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Gerek Meinhardt |Bye |Chen (CHN) '''W''' 15–7 |Lefort (FRA) '''L''' 10–15 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Miles Chamley-Watson Nick Itkin Alexander Massialas Gerek Meinhardt |Team foil | colspan="3" |— |Egypt '''W''' 45–35 |Italy '''L''' 38–45 |''Bronze medal final'' France (FRA) '''L''' 32–45 |4 |- |Eli Dershwitz | rowspan="3" |Sabre |Bye |Gémesi (HUN) '''L''' 10–15 | colspan="5" |He no advance |- |Colin Heathcock |Bye |Park (KOR) '''L''' 10–15 | colspan="5" |He no advance |- |Mitchell Saron |Bye |Pianfetti (FRA) '''W''' 15–12 |El-Sissy (EGY) '''L''' 13–15 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Eli Dershwitz Filip Dolegiewicz Colin Heathcock Mitchell Saron |Team sabre | colspan="3" |— |Iran '''L''' 44–45 |''Classification semifinal'' Italy '''L''' 40–45 |''Seventh place final'' Canada '''W''' 45–43 |7 |} '''Women''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event !Round of 64 !Round of 32 !Round of 16 !Quarterfinal !Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank |- |Anne Cebula | rowspan="3" |Épée |Bye |Fiamingo (ITA) '''W''' 15–14 |Mallo (FRA) '''L''' 13–15 | colspan="4" |She no advance |- |Hadley Husisian |Bye |Brunner (SUI) '''W''' 12–11 |Kong (HKG) '''L''' 12–15 | colspan="4" |She no advance |- |Margherita Guzzi Vincenti |Bye |Kharkova (UKR) '''L''' 6–15 | colspan="5" |She no advance |- |Anne Cebula Katharine Holmes Hadley Husisian Margherita Guzzi Vincenti |Team épée | colspan="3" |— |Poland '''L''' 29–31 |''Classification semifinal'' South Korea '''L''' 39–45 |''Seventh place final'' Egypt '''W''' 44–30 |7 |- |Jacqueline Dubrovich | rowspan="3" |Foil |Bye |Pásztor (HUN) '''L''' 12–15 | colspan="5" |She no advance |- |'''Lee Kiefer''' |Bye |Jelińska (POL) '''W''' 15–13 |Huang (CHN) '''W''' 15–9 |Pásztor (HUN) '''W''' 15–4 |Volpi (ITA) '''W''' 15–10 |Scruggs (USA) '''W''' 15–6 |1 |- |'''Lauren Scruggs''' |Bye |Berthier (SGP) '''W''' 15–13 |Guo (CAN) '''W''' 15–11 |Errigo (ITA) '''W''' 15–14 |Harvey (CAN) '''W''' 15–9 |Kiefer (USA) '''L''' 6–15 |2 |- |'''Jacqueline Dubrovich''' '''Lee Kiefer''' '''Lauren Scruggs''' '''Maia Weintraub''' |Team foil | colspan="3" |— |China '''W''' 45–37 |Canada '''W''' 45–31 |Italy '''W''' 45–39 |1 |- |Tatiana Nazlymov | rowspan="3" |Sabre |Bye |Choi (KOR) '''L''' 14–15 | colspan="5" |She no advance |- |Magda Skarbonkiewicz |Bye |Erbil (TUR) '''L''' 11–15 | colspan="5" |She no advance |- |Elizabeth Tartakovsky |Bye |Hafez (EGY) '''L''' 13–15 | colspan="5" |She no advance |- |Maia Chamberlain Tatiana Nazlymov Magda Skarbonkiewicz Elizabeth Tartakovsky |Team sabre | colspan="3" |— |South Korea '''L''' 35–45 |''Classification semifinal'' Algeria '''W''' 45–28 |''Fifth place final'' Hungary '''W''' 45–39 |5 |} == Field hockey == '''Summary''' '''Key''': * FT – After full-time. * P – Match dem decide by penalty-shootout. {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="6" |Group stage !Quarterfinal !Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank |- |United States women |Women's tournament |Argentina '''L''' 1–4 |Spain '''D''' 1–1 |Australia '''L''' 0–3 |Great Britain '''L''' 2–5 |South Africa '''W''' 1–0 |5 | colspan="3" |Dem no advance |9 |} === Women's tournament === De United States women's national field hockey team qualify for de Olympics after dem secure top-three finish at de 2024 FIH Olympic Qualifiers.<ref name=":7" /><ref>[https://www.nbcsports.com/olympics/news/usa-women-field-hockey-olympics "U.S. women's field hockey team returning to Olympics"]. nbcsports.com. January 18, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240118124909/https://www.nbcsports.com/olympics/news/usa-women-field-hockey-olympics Archived] from the original on January 18, 2024. Retrieved January 18, 2024.</ref> '''Team roster''' Na dem announce de squad for 12 June 2024.<ref>[https://www.usafieldhockey.com/news/2024/june/12/2024-US-Olympic-Womens-Field-Hockey-Team-Named "2024 U.S. Olympic Women's Field Hockey Team Named"]. ''usafieldhockey.com''. USA Field Hockey. June 12, 2024. Retrieved June 19, 2024.</ref> Head coach: David Passmore<ref>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/HOC/OG2024_HOC_C33_HOCWTEAM11------------------------HOCWTEAM11--USA01.pdf "Team roster: United States"] (PDF). ''Olympics.com''. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" !<abbr>No.</abbr> !<abbr>Pos.</abbr> !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |<abbr>FW</abbr> |Abigail Tamer |9 July 2003 (aged 21) |31 |10 |Pinnacle |- |2 |<abbr>MF</abbr> |Meredith Sholder |27 February 1999 (aged 25) |49 |2 |Firestyx |- |3 |<abbr>FW</abbr> |Ashley Sessa |23 June 2004 (aged 20) |50 |13 |WC Eagles |- |6 |<abbr>FW</abbr> |Megan Valzonis |5 March 1999 (aged 25) |35 |4 |RUSH Field Hockey |- |8 |<abbr>MF</abbr> |Brooke DeBerdine |19 May 1999 (aged 25) |50 |1 |Nook Hockey |- |9 |<abbr>DF</abbr> |Madeleine Zimmer |28 September 2001 (aged 22) |53 |2 |Alley Cats |- |12 |<abbr>MF</abbr> |Amanda Golini <small>''(Captain)''</small> |28 March 1995 (aged 29) |154 |14 |Rapid Fire Elite |- |13 |<abbr>DF</abbr> |Ashley Hoffman <small>''(Captain)''</small> |8 November 1996 (aged 27) |123 |26 |X–Calibur |- |17 |<abbr>FW</abbr> |Elizabeth Yeager |17 June 2003 (aged 21) |53 |11 |WC Eagles |- |20 |<abbr>DF</abbr> |Leah Crouse |22 February 2000 (aged 24) |48 |3 |TCOYO |- |21 |<abbr>DF</abbr> |Alexandra Hammel |16 June 1996 (aged 28) |69 |1 |HTC Field Hockey |- |23 |<abbr>FW</abbr> |Sophia Gladieux |14 June 2002 (aged 22) |5 |1 |X–Calibur |- |24 |<abbr>DF</abbr> |Kelee Lepage |4 October 1997 (aged 26) |42 |0 |X–Calibur |- |25 |<abbr>MF</abbr> |Karlie Kisha |25 September 1995 (aged 28) |68 |1 |Highstyx |- |27 |<abbr>MF</abbr> |Emma DeBerdine |14 June 2001 (aged 23) |44 |0 |Nook Hockey |- |31 |<abbr>GK</abbr> |Kelsey Bing |14 June 2001 (aged 23) |86 |0 |Texas Pride |} '''Group play''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>D</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>GF</abbr> !<abbr>GA</abbr> !<abbr>GD</abbr> !<abbr>Pts</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 !Australia |5 |4 |1 |0 |15 |5 | +10 |13 | rowspan="4" |Quarter-finals |- |2 !Argentina |5 |4 |1 |0 |16 |7 | +9 |13 |- |3 !Spain |5 |2 |1 |2 |6 |7 |−1 |7 |- |4 !Great Britain |5 |2 |0 |3 |8 |12 |−4 |6 |- |5 !United States |5 |1 |1 |3 |5 |13 |−8 |4 | rowspan="2" | |- |6 !South Africa |5 |0 |0 |5 |4 |10 |−6 |0 |} Source: [https://tms.fih.ch/competitions/1531/reports/poolstandings FIH] Rules for classification: 1) points; 2) matches dem win; 3) goal difference; 4) goals for; 5) head-to-head result; 6) field goals dem score. {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |27 July 2024 19:45 |} {| class="wikitable" !Argentina !4–1 !United States |- |Sánchez Moccia  <abbr>18'</abbr> Gorzelany  <abbr>29'</abbr> Jankunas  <abbr>44'</abbr> Díaz  <abbr>47'</abbr> |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/HOC/OG2024_HOC_C73A_HOCWTEAM11------------GPB-000100--.pdf Report] |Sessa  <abbr>33'</abbr> |} {| class="wikitable" |Pitch 1 Umpires: Aleisha Neumann (AUS) Wanri Venter (RSA) |} |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |29 July 2024 13:15 v |} {| class="wikitable" !Spain !1–1 !United States |- |García  <abbr>20'</abbr> |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/HOC/OG2024_HOC_C73A_HOCWTEAM11------------GPB-000400--.pdf Report] |Gladieux  <abbr>14'</abbr> |} {| class="wikitable" |Pitch 2 Umpires: Cookie Tan (SGP) Rachel Williams (GBR) |} |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |31 July 2024 13:15 |} {| class="wikitable" !Australia !3–0 !United States |- |Taylor  <abbr>3'</abbr> Arnott  <abbr>29'</abbr> Brooks  <abbr>53'</abbr> |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/HOC/OG2024_HOC_C73A_HOCWTEAM11------------GPB-000900--.pdf Report] | |} {| class="wikitable" |Pitch 2 Umpires: Liu Xiaoying (CHN) Rachel Williams (GBR) |} |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |1 August 2024 17:00 |} {| class="wikitable" !United States !2–5 !Great Britain |- |Tamer  <abbr>7'</abbr>, <abbr>29'</abbr> |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/HOC/OG2024_HOC_C73A_HOCWTEAM11------------GPB-001000--.pdf Report] |Hamilton  <abbr>4'</abbr> Howard  <abbr>14'</abbr>, <abbr>25'</abbr> French  <abbr>35'</abbr> Jones  <abbr>39'</abbr> |} {| class="wikitable" |Pitch 1 Umpires: Steve Rodgers (AUS) Ayanna McClean (TTO) |} |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" |3 August 2024 13:15 v |} {| class="wikitable" !United States !1–0 !South Africa |- |Sholder  <abbr>43'</abbr> |[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/HOC/OG2024_HOC_C73A_HOCWTEAM11------------GPB-001500--.pdf Report] | |} {| class="wikitable" |Pitch 2 Umpires: Hannah Harrison (GBR) Cookie Tan (SGP) |} |} ==Football (soccer)== '''Summary''' {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !rowspan=2|Team !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=4|Group Stage !Quarterfinal !Semifinal !colspan=2|Final / '''BM''' |-style=font-size:95% !Opposition<br />Score !Opposition<br />Score !Opposition<br />Score !Rank !Opposition<br />Score !Opposition<br />Score !Opposition<br />Score !Rank |- |align=left|United States men |align=left|Men's tournament |France<br />'''L''' 0–3 |New Zealand<br />'''W''' 4–1 |Guinea<br />'''W''' 3–0 |2 '''Q''' |Morocco<br />'''L''' 0–4 |colspan=2|Dem no advance |8 |- |align=left|'''United States women''' |align=left|[[Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament|Women's tournament]] |Zambia<br />'''W''' 3–0 |Germany<br />'''W''' 4–1 |Australia<br />'''W''' 2–1 |1 '''Q''' |Japan<br />'''W''' 1–0 a.e.t. |Germany<br />'''W''' 1–0 a.e.t. |Brazil<br />'''W''' 1–0 |1 |} ===Men's tournament=== For de first time since 2008, de United States men's soccer team qualify for de Olympics by dem advance to de final match at de 2022 CONCACAF U-20 Championship insyd Honduras.<ref name=":7" /><ref>[https://olympics.com/en/news/concacaf-under-20-semi-final-football-results-paris-2024-olympics-qualify "USA, Dominican Republic book Paris 2024 Olympic berths after reaching CONCACAF Under-20 Championship final"]. International Olympic Committee. July 19, 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20221004213730/https://olympics.com/en/news/concacaf-under-20-semi-final-football-results-paris-2024-olympics-qualify Archived] from the original on October 4, 2022. Retrieved September 24, 2022.</ref> '''Team roster''' De United States announce dema final squad for 8 July 2024.<ref>[https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2024/07/marko-mitrovic-names-2024-us-olympic-mens-soccer-team-roster-paris-olympics-2024 "Marko MItrović names 2024 U.S. Olympic Men's Soccer Team"]. US Soccer Federation. July 8, 2024.</ref> Head coach:  Marko Mitrović {| class="wikitable sortable" !<abbr>No.</abbr> !<abbr>Pos.</abbr> !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !'''Patrick Schulte''' |13 March 2001 (aged 23) |3 |0 |Columbus Crew |- |2 |DF !Nathan Harriel |23 April 2001 (aged 23) |7 |1 |Philadelphia Union |- |3 |DF !'''Walker Zimmerman*''' |19 May 1993 (aged 31) |4 |0 |Nashville SC |- |4 |DF !Maximilian Dietz |9 February 2002 (aged 22) |6 |0 |Greuther Fürth |- |5 |DF !'''John Tolkin''' |31 July 2002 (aged 21) |7 |0 |New York Red Bulls |- |6 |MF !'''Gianluca Busio''' |28 May 2002 (aged 22) |6 |1 |Venezia |- |7 |FW !'''Kevin Paredes''' |7 May 2003 (aged 21) |2 |0 |VfL Wolfsburg |- |8 |MF !'''Tanner Tessmann''' <small>''(captain)''</small> |24 September 2001 (aged 22) |10 |0 |Venezia |- |9 |FW !Griffin Yow |25 September 2002 (aged 21) |3 |1 |Westerlo |- |10 |FW !'''Taylor Booth''' |31 May 2001 (aged 23) |4 |0 |Utrecht |- |11 |FW !'''Paxten Aaronson''' |26 August 2003 (aged 20) |5 |1 |Vitesse |- |12 |DF !'''Miles Robinson*''' |14 March 1997 (aged 27) |3 |1 |FC Cincinnati |- |13 |FW !'''Duncan McGuire''' |5 February 2001 (aged 23) |5 |1 |Orlando City |- |14 |MF !'''Djordje Mihailovic*''' |10 November 1998 (aged 25) |9 |1 |Colorado Rapids |- |15 |MF !'''Benjamin Cremaschi''' |2 March 2005 (aged 19) |5 |1 |Inter Miami |- |16 |MF !'''Jack McGlynn''' |7 July 2003 (aged 21) |7 |0 |Philadelphia Union |- |17 |DF !'''Caleb Wiley''' |22 December 2004 (aged 19) |5 |0 |Atlanta United |- |18 |GK !'''Gabriel Slonina''' |15 April 2004 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Eupen |- |21 |MF !'''Josh Atencio''' |31 January 2002 (aged 22) |0 |0 |Seattle Sounders |} <nowiki>*</nowiki> Overage player. '''Group play''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>D</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>GF</abbr> !<abbr>GA</abbr> !<abbr>GD</abbr> !<abbr>Pts</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 !France '''(H)''' |3 |3 |0 |0 |7 |0 | +7 |9 | rowspan="2" |Advance go knockout stage |- |2 !United States |3 |2 |0 |1 |7 |4 | +3 |6 |- |3 !New Zealand |3 |1 |0 |2 |3 |8 |−5 |3 | rowspan="2" | |- |4 !Guinea |3 |0 |0 |3 |1 |6 |−5 |0 |} Source: [https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/olympicgames/paris2024/mens/standings FIFA] Rules for classification: Group stage tiebreakers '''(H)''' Hosts {| class="wikitable" !France !3–0 !United States |- | * Lacazette  61' * Olise  69' * Badé  85' |[https://www.fifa.com/en/match-centre/match/512/286056/286057/400018528 Report] | |} Stade de Marseille, Marseille Attendance: 48,721 Referee: Yael Falcón (Argentina) ---- {| class="wikitable" !New Zealand !1–4 !United States |- | * Randall  78' |[https://www.fifa.com/en/match-centre/match/512/286056/286057/400018530 Report] | * Mihailovic  8' (pen.) * Zimmerman  12' * Busio  30' * Aaronson  58' |} Stade de Marseille, Marseille Attendance: 9,468 Referee: Glenn Nyberg (Sweden) ---- {| class="wikitable" !United States !3–0 !Guinea |- | * Mihailovic  14' * Paredes  31', 75' |[https://www.fifa.com/en/match-centre/match/512/286056/286057/400018525 Report] | |} Stade Geoffroy-Guichard, Saint-Étienne Attendance: 6,245 Referee: Tess Olofsson (Sweden) '''Quarterfinal''' {| class="wikitable" !Morocco !4–0 !United States |- | * Rahimi  29' (pen.) * Akhomach  63' * Hakimi  70' * Maouhoub  90+1' (pen.) |[https://www.fifa.com/en/match-centre/match/512/286056/286063/400018549 Report] | |} Parc des Princes, Paris Attendance: 42,868 Referee: Yael Falcón (Argentina) ===Women's tournament=== De United States women's soccer team qualify for de Olympics by dem win de final match against de defending champions [[Canada]] at de 2022 CONCACAF W Championship insyd Mexico.<ref name=":7" /><ref>[https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/usa-canada-jamaica-costa-rica-concacaf-qualify-for-fifa-womens-world-cup/ "USA conquer as Canada, Jamaica and Costa Rica also qualify"]. FIFA. July 18, 2022. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220924061048/https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/articles/usa-canada-jamaica-costa-rica-concacaf-qualify-for-fifa-womens-world-cup/ Archived] from the original on September 24, 2022. Retrieved September 24, 2022.</ref><ref>Kano, Shintaro (July 19, 2022). [https://olympics.com/en/news/concacaf-w-championship-final-usa-canada "US women's national soccer team beat Canada to qualify for Paris 2024l"]. International Olympic Committee. [https://web.archive.org/web/20220924061048/https://olympics.com/en/news/concacaf-w-championship-final-usa-canada Archived] from the original on September 24, 2022. Retrieved September 24, 2022.</ref> '''Team roster''' De United States name squad of 18 players den 4 alternates for de tournament for 26 June 2024.<ref>[https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2024/06/emma-hayes-names-uswnt-roster-for-the-2024-paris-olympics "Emma Hayes Names 2024 U.S. Olympic Women's Soccer Team"]. U.S. Soccer. June 26, 2024.</ref> Na dem announce de numbers for 3 July.<ref>USWNT [@USWNT] (July 4, 2024). [https://x.com/USWNT/status/1808623020862312900 "We have Olympic numbers!"] (Tweet) – via Twitter.</ref> For 12 July, Catarina Macario withdraw from de squad secof injury wey na Lynn Williams replace am. Na dem add Emily Sams to de alternate list.<ref>[https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2024/07/forward-lynn-williams-confirmed-to-replace-catarina-macario-on-uswnt-roster-for-2024-olympics "Macario ruled out due to right knee issue; Emily Sams officially joins Olympic roster as an alternate"]. U.S. Soccer. July 12, 2024.</ref> Head coach: Emma Hayes {| class="wikitable sortable" !<abbr>No.</abbr> !<abbr>Pos.</abbr> !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Alyssa Naeher |20 April 1988 (aged 36) |106 |0 |Chicago Red Stars |- |2 |DF !Emily Fox |5 July 1998 (aged 26) |51 |1 |Arsenal |- |3 |MF !Korbin Albert |13 October 2003 (aged 20) |13 |0 |Paris Saint-Germain |- |4 |DF !Naomi Girma |14 June 2000 (aged 24) |34 |0 |San Diego Wave |- |5 |FW !Trinity Rodman |20 May 2002 (aged 22) |40 |7 |Washington Spirit |- |6 |DF !Casey Krueger |23 August 1990 (aged 33) |50 |0 |Washington Spirit |- |7 |FW !Crystal Dunn |3 July 1992 (aged 32) |149 |25 |Gotham FC |- |8 |FW !Lynn Williams |21 May 1993 (aged 31) |65 |18 |Gotham FC |- |9 |FW !Mallory Swanson |29 April 1998 (aged 26) |94 |34 |Chicago Red Stars |- |10 |MF !Lindsey Horan |26 May 1994 (aged 30) |150 |35 |Lyon |- |11 |FW !Sophia Smith |10 August 2000 (aged 23) |50 |20 |Portland Thorns |- |12 |DF !Tierna Davidson |19 September 1998 (aged 25) |60 |3 |Gotham FC |- |13 |DF !Jenna Nighswonger |28 November 2000 (aged 23) |10 |2 |Gotham FC |- |14 |MF !Emily Sonnett |25 November 1993 (aged 30) |93 |2 |Gotham FC |- |15 |FW !Jaedyn Shaw |20 November 2004 (aged 19) |16 |7 |San Diego Wave |- |16 |MF !Rose Lavelle |14 May 1995 (aged 29) |101 |24 |Gotham FC |- |17 |MF !Sam Coffey |31 December 1998 (aged 25) |19 |1 |Portland Thorns |- |18 |GK !Casey Murphy |25 April 1996 (aged 28) |19 |0 |North Carolina Courage |- |20 |MF !Croix Bethune |14 March 2001 (aged 23) |2 |0 |Washington Spirit |- |21 |DF !Emily Sams |1 July 1999 (aged 25) |0 |0 |Orlando Pride |} '''Group play''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>D</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>GF</abbr> !<abbr>GA</abbr> !<abbr>GD</abbr> !<abbr>Pts</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 !United States |3 |3 |0 |0 |9 |2 | +7 |9 | rowspan="2" |Advance go knockout stage |- |2 !Germany |3 |2 |0 |1 |8 |5 | +3 |6 |- |3 !Australia |3 |1 |0 |2 |7 |10 |−3 |3 | rowspan="2" | |- |4 !Zambia |3 |0 |0 |3 |6 |13 |−7 |0 |} Source: [https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/olympicgames/paris2024/womens/standings FIFA] Rules for classification: Group stage tiebreakers {| class="wikitable" !United States !3–0 !Zambia |- | * Rodman  17' * Swanson  24', 25' |[https://www.fifa.com/en/match-centre/match/509/286068/286069/400015676 Report] | |} Stade de Nice, Nice Attendance: 5,550<ref>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/FBL/OG2024_FBL_C73_FBLWTEAM11------------GPB-000100--.pdf "Match report – United States v Zambia"] (PDF). ''Olympics.com''. International Olympic Committee. July 25, 2024. Retrieved August 3, 2024.</ref> Referee: Ramon Abatti (Brazil) ---- {| class="wikitable" !United States !4–1 !Germany |- | * Smith  11', 44' * Swanson  26' * Williams  89' |[https://www.fifa.com/en/match-centre/match/509/286068/286069/400015674 Report] |Gwinn  22' |} Stade de Marseille, Marseille Attendance: 12,845<ref>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/FBL/OG2024_FBL_C73_FBLWTEAM11------------GPB-000300--.pdf "Match report – United States v Germany"] (PDF). ''Olympics.com''. International Olympic Committee. July 28, 2024. Retrieved August 3, 2024.</ref> Referee: Yael Falcón (Argentina) ---- {| class="wikitable" !Australia !1–2 !United States |- |Kennedy  90+2' |[https://www.fifa.com/en/match-centre/match/509/286068/286069/400015675 Report] | * Rodman  43' * Albert  77' |} Stade de Marseille, Marseille Attendance: 13,036<ref>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/FBL/OG2024_FBL_C73_FBLWTEAM11------------GPB-000500--.pdf "Match report – Australia v United States"] (PDF). ''Olympics.com''. International Olympic Committee. July 31, 2024. Retrieved August 3, 2024.</ref> Referee: François Letexier (France) '''Quarterfinal''' {| class="wikitable" !United States !1–0 (a.e.t.) !Japan |- |Rodman  105+2' |[https://www.fifa.com/en/match-centre/match/509/286068/286074/400015684 Report] | |} Parc des Princes, Paris Attendance: 43,004<ref>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/FBL/OG2024_FBL_C73_FBLWTEAM11------------QFNL000300--.pdf "Match report – United States v Japan"] (PDF). ''Olympics.com''. International Olympic Committee. August 3, 2024. Retrieved August 3, 2024.</ref> Referee: Tess Olofsson (Sweden) '''Semifinal''' {| class="wikitable" !United States !1–0 (a.e.t.) !Germany |- |Smith  95' |[https://www.fifa.com/en/match-centre/match/509/286068/286075/400015688 Report] | |} Stade de Lyon, Décines-Charpieu Attendance: 11,716<ref>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/FBL/OG2024_FBL_C73_FBLWTEAM11------------SFNL000200--.pdf "Match report – United States v Germany"] (PDF). ''Olympics.com''. International Olympic Committee. August 6, 2024. Retrieved August 6, 2024.</ref> Referee: Bouchra Karboubi (Morocco) '''Gold medal match''' {| class="wikitable" !Brazil !0–1 !United States |- | |[https://www.fifa.com/en/match-centre/match/509/286068/286077/400015691 Report] |Swanson  57' |} Parc des Princes, Paris Attendance: 43,813<ref>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/FBL/OG2024_FBL_C73_FBLWTEAM11------------FNL-000100--.pdf "Match report – Brazil v United States"] (PDF). ''Olympics.com''. International Olympic Committee. August 10, 2024. Retrieved August 10, 2024.</ref> Referee: Tess Olofsson (Sweden) ==Golf== De United States qualify seven golfers into de Olympic tournament. All of dem secure dema spots for de games insyd de individual competitions base for dema performance top insyd de International Golf Federation (IGF) World Rankings.<ref>[https://www.usagolf.org/news/2024/june/18/usa-golf-announces-men-s-roster-for-olympic-games-paris-2024 "USA GOLF Announces Men's Roster for Olympic Games Paris 2024"]. USA Golf. June 18, 2024. Retrieved June 18, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.usagolf.org/news/2024/june/25/usa-golf-announces-women-s-team-for-olympic-games-paris-2024 "Women's Team Revealed for Olympic Games Paris 2024"]. USA Golf. June 25, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240626084150/https://www.usagolf.org/news/2024/june/25/usa-golf-announces-women-s-team-for-olympic-games-paris-2024 Archived] from the original on June 26, 2024. Retrieved June 25, 2024.</ref> '''Men''' {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !Round 1 !Round 2 !Round 3 !Round 4 !colspan=3|Total |-style=font-size:95% !Score !Score !Score !Score !Score !Par !Rank |- |align=left|Wyndham Clark |align=left rowspan=4|Men's |75 |68 |65 |65 |273 |−11 |=14 |- |align=left|Collin Morikawa |70 |68 |70 |70 |278 |−6 |=24 |- |align=left|Xander Schauffele |65 |66 |68 |73 |272 |−12 |=9 |- |align=left|'''Scottie Scheffler''' |67 |69 |67 |62 |265 |−19 |1 |} '''Women''' {| class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !Round 1 !Round 2 !Round 3 !Round 4 !colspan=3|Total |-style=font-size:95% !Score !Score !Score !Score !Score !Par !Rank |- |align=left|Nelly Korda |align=left rowspan=3|Women's |72 |70 |70 |75 |287 | −1 |=22 |- |align=left|Lilia Vu |70 |73 |76 |74 |293 | +5 |=36 |- |align=left|Rose Zhang |72 |70 |67 |74 |283 | –5 |=8 |} ==Gymnastics== ===Artistic=== '''Men'''<br />'''Team''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="3" |Athlete ! rowspan="3" |Event ! colspan="8" |Qualification ! colspan="8" |Final |- ! colspan="6" |Apparatus ! rowspan="2" |Total ! rowspan="2" |Rank ! colspan="6" |Apparatus ! rowspan="2" |Total ! rowspan="2" |Rank |- !F !PH !R !V !PB !HB !F !PH !R !V !PB !HB |- |'''Asher Hong''' | rowspan="6" |Team |14.100 |— |14.633 |14.700 |14.300 |12.600 | colspan="2" |— |14.133 |— |14.533 |14.833 |14.400 |— | colspan="2" rowspan="5" |— |- |'''Paul Juda''' |13.966 |13.600 |<s>13.400</s> |14.533 |<s>14.033</s> |13.333 |82.865 |13 '''Q''' |14.200 |13.900 |— |14.666 |— |13.366 |- |'''Brody Malone''' |<s>12.666</s> |<s>12.100</s> |14.233 |<s>13.833</s> |14.533 |<s>12.233</s> |79.598 |30 | rowspan="2" |— |13.700 |14.166 |14.533 |14.433 |14.166 |- |'''Stephen Nedoroscik''' |— |15.200 '''Q''' | colspan="6" |— |14.866 | colspan="4" |— |- |'''Fred Richard''' |13.833 |13.633 |13.500 |13.933 |14.433 |14.166 |83.498 |10 '''Q''' |14.466 |— |14.033 |— |14.566 |14.833 |- |'''Total''' |41.899 |42.433 |42.366 |43.166 |43.266 |40.099 |253.229 |5 '''Q''' |42.799 |42.466 |42.732 |44.032 |43.399 |42.365 |257.793 |3 |} '''Individual finals''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="3" |Athlete ! rowspan="3" |Event ! colspan="8" |Qualification ! colspan="8" |Final |- ! colspan="6" |Apparatus ! rowspan="2" |Total ! rowspan="2" |Rank ! colspan="6" |Apparatus ! rowspan="2" |Total ! rowspan="2" |Rank |- !F !PH !R !V !PB !HB !F !PH !R !V !PB !HB |- |Paul Juda | rowspan="2" |All-around | colspan="8" rowspan="2" |''See team results above'' |13.533 |13.866 |13.433 |13.733 |13.866 |13.766 |82.197 |14 |- |Fred Richard |13.200 |12.733 |13.600 |14.100 |14.133 |14.400 |82.166 |15 |- |'''Stephen Nedoroscik''' |Pommel horse |— |15.200 | colspan="4" |— |15.200 |2 '''Q''' |— |15.300 | colspan="4" |— |15.300 |3 |} '''Women'''<br />'''Team''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="3" |Athlete ! rowspan="3" |Event ! colspan="6" |Qualification ! colspan="6" |Final |- ! colspan="4" |Apparatus ! rowspan="2" |Total ! rowspan="2" |Rank ! colspan="4" |Apparatus ! rowspan="2" |Total ! rowspan="2" |Rank |- !V !UB !BB !F !V !UB !BB !F |- |'''Simone Biles''' | rowspan="6" |Team |15.800 '''Q''' |14.433 |14.733 '''Q''' |14.600 '''Q''' |59.566 |1 '''Q''' |14.900 |14.400 |14.366 |14.666 | colspan="2" rowspan="5" |— |- |'''Jade Carey''' |14.666 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |— |<s>10.633</s> | colspan="2" |— |14.800 | colspan="3" |— |- |'''Jordan Chiles''' |14.333 |14.266 |13.600 |13.866 '''Q''' |56.065 |4 |14.400 |14.366 |12.733 |13.966 |- |'''Sunisa Lee''' |<s>14.133</s> |14.866 '''Q''' |14.033 '''Q''' |13.100 |56.132 |3 '''Q''' | rowspan="2" |— |14.566 |14.600 |13.533 |- |'''Hezly Rivera''' |— |<s>13.900</s> |<s>12.633</s> | colspan="3" |— | colspan="3" |— |- |'''Total''' |44.799 |43.565 |42.366 |41.566 |172.296 |1 '''Q''' |44.100 |43.332 |41.699 |42.165 |171.296 |1 |} '''Individual finals''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="3" |Athlete ! rowspan="3" |Event ! colspan="6" |Qualification ! colspan="6" |Final |- ! colspan="4" |Apparatus ! rowspan="2" |Total ! rowspan="2" |Rank ! colspan="4" |Apparatus ! rowspan="2" |Total ! rowspan="2" |Rank |- !V !UB !BB !F !V !UB !BB !F |- |'''Simone Biles''' | rowspan="2" |All-around | colspan="6" rowspan="2" |''Spy team results above'' |15.766 |13.733 |14.566 |15.066 |59.131 |1 |- |'''Sunisa Lee''' |13.933 |14.866 |14.000 |13.666 |56.465 |3 |- |'''Simone Biles''' | rowspan="2" |Vault |15.300 | colspan="3" rowspan="2" |— |15.300 |1 '''Q''' |15.300 | colspan="3" rowspan="2" |— |15.300 |1 |- |'''Jade Carey''' |14.433 |14.433 |3 '''Q''' |14.466 |14.466 |3 |- |'''Sunisa Lee''' |Uneven bars |— |14.866 | colspan="2" |— |14.866 |3 '''Q''' |— |14.800 | colspan="2" |— |14.800 |3 |- |Simone Biles | rowspan="2" |Balance beam | colspan="2" rowspan="2" |— |14.733 | rowspan="2" |— |14.733 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" rowspan="2" |— |13.100 | rowspan="2" |— |13.100 |5 |- |Sunisa Lee |14.033 |14.033 |4 '''Q''' |13.100 |13.100 |6 |- |'''Simone Biles''' | rowspan="2" |Floor | colspan="3" rowspan="2" |— |14.600 |14.600 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="3" rowspan="2" |— |14.133 |14.133 |2 |- |Jordan Chiles |13.866 |13.866 |3 '''Q''' |13.666 |13.666 |5<ref>[https://www.espn.com/olympics/story/_/id/40809278/jordan-chiles-loses-olympic-bronze-cas-voids-inquiry "CAS ruling moves Chiles to fifth in Olympic floor final"]. ESPN. August 10, 2024.</ref> |} ===Rhythmic=== De U.S. secure de quota insyd de women's individual event by virtue of de nation ein results at de 2023 Pan American Games insyd Santiago, Chile.<ref name=":7" /> {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90% |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=6|Qualification !colspan=6|Final |-style=font-size:95% !Hoop !Ball !Clubs !Ribbon !Total !Rank !Hoop !Ball !Clubs !Ribbon !Total !Rank |-align=center |align=left|Evita Griskenas |align=left|Individual |30.500 |31.200 |27.550 |29.250 |118.500 |18 |colspan=6|She no advance |} ===Trampoline=== Na de United States qualify two gymnasts, one for de women's trampoline competition by dem fini insyd de top eight at de 2023 World Championships insyd Birmingham, England, den one for de men's competition via de final ranking of de 2023–24 World Cup Series.<ref>[https://olympics.com/en/news/world-trampoline-championships-2023-page-yan-regain-titles-results "World Trampoline Championships 2023: Bryony Page and Yan Langyu secure second world titles - Results"]. International Olympic Committee. November 12, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231220124401/https://olympics.com/en/news/world-trampoline-championships-2023-page-yan-regain-titles-results Archived] from the original on December 20, 2023. Retrieved November 29, 2023.</ref> Na dem name trampoline athletes at de 2024 U.S. Olympic Trials.<ref>[https://usagym.org/stevens-shostak-earn-olympic-berths-titles-collected-as-usa-gymnastics-championships-conclude/ "Stevens, Shostak earn Olympic berths; titles collected as USA Gymnastics Championships conclude"]. USA Gymnastics. June 27, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240627183606/https://usagym.org/stevens-shostak-earn-olympic-berths-titles-collected-as-usa-gymnastics-championships-conclude/ Archived] from the original on June 27, 2024. Retrieved June 27, 2024.</ref> {|class=wikitable style=font-size:90%;text-align:center |- !rowspan=2|Athlete !rowspan=2|Event !colspan=2|Qualification !colspan=2|Final |- style=font-size:95% !Score !Rank !Score !Rank |- |align=left|Aliaksei Shostak |align=left|Men's |57.350 |10 |colspan=2|He no advance |- |align=left|Jessica Stevens |align=left|Women's |53.170 |13 |colspan=2|She no advance |} ==Judo== Na de United States qualify four judokas via de IJF World Ranking List den continental quotas insyd de Americas.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20240219114241/https://www.ijf.org/wrl_olympic?category=all&nation=usa&view=expanded "Olympic ranking — United States"]. ''International Judo Federation''. Archived from [https://www.ijf.org/wrl_olympic?category=all&nation=usa&view=expanded the original] on February 19, 2024. Retrieved February 19, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.usajudo.com/news/2024/may/28/2024-us-olympic-team-qualifiers "U.S. Olympic Judo Team Qualifiers Finalized for Paris"]. ''USA Judo''. May 28, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240529081919/https://www.usajudo.com/news/2024/may/28/2024-us-olympic-team-qualifiers Archived] from the original on May 29, 2024. Retrieved May 28, 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event !Round of 32 !Round of 16 !Quarterfinals !Semifinals !Repechage ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Rank |- |Jack Yonezuka |Men's −73 kg |Osmanov (MDA) '''L''' 00–10 | colspan="6" |He no advance |- |John Jayne |Men's −90 kg |Parlati (ITA) '''W''' 10–00 |Han (KOR) '''L''' 00–01 | colspan="5" |He no advance |- |Maria Laborde |Women's −48 kg |Guo (CHN) '''W''' 10–00 |Scutto (ITA) '''L''' 00–10 | colspan="5" |She no advance |- |Angelica Delgado |Women's −52 kg |Mammadaliyeva (AZE) '''W''' 01–00 |Giuffrida (ITA) '''L''' 00–01 | colspan="5" |She no advance |} ==Modern pentathlon== Na American modern pentathletes qualify single quota place for Paris 2024. Jessica Davis secure one of two available spots for North, Central den Caribbean Americas insyd de women's event at de 2023 Pan American Games insyd Santiago, Chile.<ref name=":7" /><ref>[https://www.uipmworld.org/news/19th-pan-american-games-oliver-mex-and-hernandez-mex-celebrate-gold-10-athletes-secure-olympic "19TH PAN AMERICAN GAMES: OLIVER (MEX) AND HERNANDEZ (MEX) CELEBRATE GOLD AS 10 ATHLETES SECURE OLYMPIC QUOTAS"]. Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne. October 23, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231023234754/https://www.uipmworld.org/news/19th-pan-american-games-oliver-mex-and-hernandez-mex-celebrate-gold-10-athletes-secure-olympic Archived] from the original on October 23, 2023. Retrieved October 24, 2023.</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="3" |Athlete ! rowspan="3" |Event ! colspan="3" rowspan="2" |Fencing ranking round (épée one touch) ! colspan="13" |Semifinal ! colspan="13" |Final |- !Fencing ! colspan="3" |Swimming (200 m freestyle) ! colspan="4" |Riding (show jumping) ! colspan="3" |Shooting / Running (10 m laser pistol / 3000 m cross-country) ! rowspan="2" |Total points ! rowspan="2" |Final rank !Fencing ! colspan="3" |Swimming ! colspan="4" |Riding ! colspan="3" |Shooting / Running ! rowspan="2" |Total points ! rowspan="2" |Final rank |- !<abbr>V–D</abbr> !Rank !MP points !<abbr>BR</abbr> !Time !Rank !MP points !Time !Penalties !Rank !MP points !Time !Rank !MP points !<abbr>BR</abbr> !Time !Rank !MP points !Time !Penalties !Rank !MP points !Time !Rank !MP points |- |Jessica Savner |Women's |16–19 |21 |209 |4 |2:27.61 |18 |255 |54.99 |7 |9 |293 |12:27.42 |15 |553 |1310 |14 | colspan="13" |She no advance |} == Rowing == '''Men''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Heats ! colspan="2" |Repechage ! colspan="2" |Quarterfinal ! colspan="2" |Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank |- |James Plihal |Single sculls |6:54.95 |2 '''QF''' | colspan="2" |Bye |6:47.03 |3 '''SC/D''' |6:56.95 |1 '''FC''' |6:41.97 |13 |- |William Bender Oliver Bub |Pair |7:02.62 |5 '''R''' |6:51.32 |3 '''SA/B''' | colspan="2" |— |6:46.11 |6 '''FB''' |6:28.57 |10 |- |Benjamin Davison Sorin Koszyk |Double sculls |6:16.48 |3 '''SA/B''' | colspan="2" |Bye | colspan="2" |— |6:14.19 |2 '''FA''' |6:17.02 |4 |- |'''Justin Best''' '''Liam Corrigan''' '''Michael Grady''' '''Nick Mead''' |Four |6:04.95 |1 '''FA''' | colspan="2" |Bye | colspan="4" |— |5:49.03 |1 |- |'''Christopher Carlson''' '''Peter Chatain''' '''Clark Dean''' '''Henry Hollingsworth''' '''Rielly Milne (c)''' '''Evan Olson''' '''Pieter Quinton''' '''Nicholas Rusher''' '''Christian Tabash''' |Eight |5:29.94 |1 '''FA''' | colspan="2" |Bye | colspan="4" |— |5:25.28 |3 |} '''Women''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Heats ! colspan="2" |Repechage ! colspan="2" |Quarterfinal ! colspan="2" |Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank |- |Kara Kohler |Single sculls |7:32.46 |1 '''QF''' | colspan="2" |Bye |7:34.96 |2 '''SA/B''' |7:22.33 |3 '''FA''' |7:25.07 |5 |- |Azja Czajkowski Jessica Thoennes |Pair |7:25.52 |3 '''SA/B''' | colspan="2" |Bye | colspan="2" |— |7:15.59 |2 '''FA''' |7:05.31 |4 |- |Sophia Vitas Kristi Wagner |Double sculls |6:56.47 |3 '''SA/B''' | colspan="2" |Bye | colspan="2" |— |7:04.12 |5 '''FB''' |6:50.74 |9 |- |Molly Reckford Michelle Sechser |Lightweight double sculls |7:12.65 |2 '''SA/B''' | colspan="2" |Bye | colspan="2" |— |7:05.03 |3 '''FA''' |6:55.60 |6 |- |Emily Kallfelz Kaitlin Knifton Mary Mazzio-Manson Kelsey Reelick |Four |6:49.66 |4 '''R''' |6:32.48 |1 '''FA''' | colspan="4" |— |6:34.88 |5 |- |Teal Cohen Emily Delleman Grace Joyce Lauren O'Connor |Quadruple sculls |6:27.35 |4 '''R''' |6:34.04 |5 '''FB''' | colspan="4" |— |6:31.71 |9 |- |Molly Bruggeman Charlotte Buck Cristina Castagna (c) Olivia Coffey Claire Collins Margaret Hedeman Meghan Musnicki Regina Salmons Madeleine Wanamaker |Eight |6:19.00 |2 '''R''' |6:03.93 |1 '''FA''' | colspan="4" |— |6:01.73 |5 |} <small>Qualification Legend: '''FA'''=Final A (medal); '''FB'''=Final B (non-medal); '''FC'''=Final C (non-medal); '''FD'''=Final D (non-medal); '''FE'''=Final E (non-medal); '''FF'''=Final F (non-medal); '''SA/B'''=Semifinals A/B; '''SC/D'''=Semifinals C/D; '''SE/F'''=Semifinals E/F; '''QF'''=Quarterfinals; '''R'''=Repechage</small> == Rugby sevens == '''Summary''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="4" |Pool round !Quarterfinal !Semifinal / <abbr>Cl.</abbr> ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> / <abbr>Cl.</abbr> |- !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Rank !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Rank |- |United States men |Men's tournament |France '''D''' 12–12 |Fiji '''L''' 12–38 |Uruguay '''W''' 33–17 |3 '''Q''' |Australia '''L''' 0–18 |''Classification semifinal'' Ireland '''L''' 14–17 |''Seventh place match'' Argentina '''L''' 0–19 |8 |- |'''United States women''' |Women's tournament |Japan '''W''' 36–7 |Brazil '''W''' 24–5 |France '''L''' 14–31 |2 '''Q''' |Great Britain '''W''' 17–7 |New Zealand '''L''' 12–24 |''Bronze medal final'' Australia '''W''' 14–12 |3 |} === Men's tournament === De United States men's national rugby sevens team qualify for de Olympics by dem win de gold medal wey dem secure outright berth at de 2023 North American Championships insyd Langford, British Columbia.<ref name=":7" /> '''Team roster''' Na dem name USA ein squad of 12 players for 1 July 2024. Additionally,na dem name Adam Channel den Pita Vi as traveling reserves.<ref>Dean, Taylor (July 1, 2024). [https://web.archive.org/web/20240920141736/https://eagles.rugby/news/usa-rugby-announces-mens-olympic-rugby-sevens-team-for-paris-202471 "USA Rugby Announces Men's Olympic Rugby Sevens Team for Paris"]. ''eagles.rugby''. Retrieved July 2, 2024.</ref><ref>worldrugby.org. [https://www.world.rugby/tournaments/olympics/paris-2024/participating-nations/usa "USA - Rugby Sevens Olympic Games Paris 2024 | World Rugby"]. ''www.world.rugby''. Retrieved July 19, 2024.</ref> Head coach:  Mike Friday {| class="wikitable sortable" !<abbr>No.</abbr> !Player !Date of birth (age) |- |1 |Aaron Cummings |1 July 1997 (aged 27) |- |2 |Maka Unufe |28 September 1991 (aged 32) |- |3 |Orrin Bizer |13 December 2000 (aged 23) |- |4 |Matai Leuta |20 July 1990 (aged 34) |- |5 |Marcus Tupuola |5 October 1995 (aged 28) |- |6 |Kevon Williams (c) |7 June 1991 (aged 33) |- |7 |Naima Fuala'au |17 June 1998 (aged 26) |- |8 |Malacchi Esdale |4 May 1995 (aged 29) |- |9 |Stephen Tomasin |25 September 1994 (aged 29) |- |10 |Madison Hughes |26 October 1992 (aged 31) |- |11 |Perry Baker |29 June 1986 (aged 38) |- |12 |Lucas Lacamp |4 June 2001 (aged 23) |- |13 |Pita Vi |31 January 2002 (aged 22) |- |14 |Adam Channel |16 January 1997 (aged 27) |} '''Group stage''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>D</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>PF</abbr> !<abbr>PA</abbr> !<abbr>PD</abbr> !<abbr>Pts</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 !Fiji |3 |3 |0 |0 |97 |36 | +61 |9 | rowspan="3" |Advance go Quarter-finals |- |2 !France '''(H)''' |3 |1 |1 |1 |43 |43 |0 |6 |- |3 !United States |3 |1 |1 |1 |57 |67 |−10 |6 |- |4 !Uruguay |3 |0 |0 |3 |41 |92 |−51 |3 | rowspan="1" | |} Source: [https://www.world.rugby/tournaments/olympics/paris-2024/pools-standings World Rugby] Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head result; 3) Point difference; 4) Points dem score. '''(H)''' Hosts {| class="wikitable" |24 July 2024 16:30 |} {| class="wikitable" |France |12–12 |United States |- |'''Try:''' Sepho 4' m Rebbadj 8' c '''Con:''' Barraque (1/2) 8' |[https://www.world.rugby/match/34fcf41c-2ff6-4753-a2c5-35de42d85f10 World Rugby] |'''Try:''' Lacamp 7' c Tupuola 12' m '''Con:''' Tomasin (1/1) 7' |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade de France, Paris Attendance: 69,000<ref name=":9">Martel, Clément (July 25, 2024). [https://www.lemonde.fr/en/sports/article/2024/07/25/paris-2024-a-festive-first-day-in-rugby-sevens-yet-short-of-blue-sparkles_6697986_9.html# "Paris 2024: A festive first day in rugby sevens, yet short of blue sparkles"]. ''Le Monde''. Groupe Le Monde. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240725185756/https://www.lemonde.fr/en/sports/article/2024/07/25/paris-2024-a-festive-first-day-in-rugby-sevens-yet-short-of-blue-sparkles_6697986_9.html Archived] from the original on July 25, 2024.</ref><ref name=":10">[https://www.world.rugby/news/946540/record-crowd-as-rugby-sevens-kicks-off-olympic-games-paris-2024 "Record crowd as rugby sevens gets Olympic Games Paris 2024 off to a flying start"]. ''world.rugby''. World Rugby. July 24, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240725185827/https://www.world.rugby/news/946540/record-crowd-as-rugby-sevens-kicks-off-olympic-games-paris-2024 Archived] from the original on July 25, 2024.</ref> Referee: Adam Leal <small>(England/Great Britain)</small> |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |24 July 2024 20:30 |} {| class="wikitable" |Fiji |38–12 |United States |- |'''Try:''' Teba 2' m Rasaku 4' c Ravutaumada 5' m Raisuqe 7' m Baleiwairiki 8' m Nacuqu 10' c '''Con:''' Teba (4/5) 3', 5', 7', 9' |[https://www.world.rugby/match/2f8daea4-bfdd-4ad6-9d1a-889c179fab7b World Rugby] |'''Try:''' Bizer 5' c Baker 11' m '''Con:''' Hughes (1/1) 12' |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade de France, Paris Attendance: 69,000<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":10" /> Referee: Jordan Way <small>(Australia)</small> |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |25 July 2024 15:00 |} {| class="wikitable" |United States |33–17 |Uruguay |- |'''Try:''' Baker (4) 1' c, 8' c, 11' c, 14' m Lacamp 8' c '''Con:''' Tomasin (4/5) 1', 9', 9', 11' |[https://www.world.rugby/match/358308c8-88b7-4226-8f00-438e8af104f9 World Rugby] |'''Try:''' Amaya (2) 3' m, 13' m Basso 5' c '''Con:''' Lijtenstein (1/2) 6' |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade de France, Paris Attendance: 70,000<ref name=":11">[https://www.lefigaro.fr/sports/jeux-olympiques/jo-paris-2024-enorme-bronca-a-l-entree-des-argentins-puis-un-stade-de-france-en-feu-pour-la-qualification-de-l-equipe-de-france-a-7-20240725 "JO Paris 2024 : énorme bronca à l'entrée des Argentins puis un stade de France en feu pour la qualification de l'équipe de France à 7"] [Paris 2024 Olympics: a huge roar as the Argentinians enter the stadium, then a blaze at the Stade de France as the French 7-a-side team qualify]. ''Le Figaro'' (insyd French). Groupe Figaro. July 25, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240727030546/https://www.lefigaro.fr/sports/jeux-olympiques/jo-paris-2024-enorme-bronca-a-l-entree-des-argentins-puis-un-stade-de-france-en-feu-pour-la-qualification-de-l-equipe-de-france-a-7-20240725 Archived] from the original on July 27, 2024.</ref> Referee: Jérémy Rozier <small>(France)</small> |} [[File:Australia vs. United States, 2024 Summer Olympic rugby sevens, men's quarter-final, 2024-07-25 (68).jpg|thumb|Australia take penalty against de United States]] '''Ranking of third-placed teams''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !<abbr>Grp</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>D</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>PF</abbr> !<abbr>PA</abbr> !<abbr>PD</abbr> !<abbr>Pts</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 |C !United States |3 |1 |1 |1 |57 |67 |−10 |6 | rowspan="2" |Advance go Quarter-finals |- |2 |A !South Africa |3 |1 |0 |2 |59 |32 | +27 |5 |- |3 |B !Samoa |3 |1 |0 |2 |52 |49 | +3 |5 | rowspan="1" | |} Source: World Rugby Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Point difference; 3) Points dem score. '''Quarterfinal''' {| class="wikitable" |25 July 2024 22:30 |} {| class="wikitable" |Australia |18–0 |United States |- |'''Try:''' Turner 5' m Toole 13' m Longbottom 15' m '''Pen:''' Longbottom (1/1) 14' |[https://www.world.rugby/match/183d3bae-5be7-4ca1-ae72-a5aa9ebdda2f World Rugby] | |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade de France, Paris Attendance: 70,000<ref name=":11" /> Referee: Jérémy Rozier <small>(France)</small> |} '''5–8th place classification semifinal''' {| class="wikitable" |27 July 2024 15:00 |} {| class="wikitable" |Ireland |17–14 |United States |- |'''Try:''' Lennox 1' c Ward 14' m Kennedy 15' m '''Con:''' Lennox (1/1) 1' |[https://www.world.rugby/match/330566ca-cc04-4a61-95b2-8bfd89b99434 World Rugby] |'''Try:''' Cummings 7' c Baker 11' c '''Con:''' Tomasin (2/2) 8', 12' |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade de France, Paris Referee: Fransisco Gonzalez <small>(Uruguay)</small> |} '''Seventh place match''' {| class="wikitable" |27 July 2024 18:00 |} {| class="wikitable" |Argentina |19–0 |United States |- |'''Try:''' Osadczuk (2) 7' c, 9' c Isgro 13' m '''Con:''' Wade (2/2) 8', 9' |[https://www.world.rugby/match/f83a94e7-9631-43f5-8de7-943e990a6832 World Rugby] | |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade de France, Paris Referee: Nick Hogan <small>(New Zealand)</small> |} === Women's tournament === De United States women's national rugby sevens team qualify for de Olympics by dem advance to de quarterfinal phase of de Hong Kong leg wey dem secure top-four placement at de 2022–23 World Rugby Women's Sevens Series.<ref name=":7" /><ref>[https://www.world.rugby/sevens-series/news/798512/women-day-1?lang=en "Australia and USA qualify for Paris 2024 Olympic Games by reaching women's quarter-finals in Hong Kong"]. World Rugby. March 31, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230331204508/https://www.world.rugby/sevens-series/news/798512/women-day-1?lang=en Archived] from the original on March 31, 2023. Retrieved March 31, 2023.</ref><ref>Pratt, James (March 31, 2023). [https://olympics.com/en/news/australia-usa-qualify-paris-2024--womens-rugby-sevens "Australia and USA join New Zealand and France at Paris 2024 in women's rugby sevens following Hong Kong performances"]. International Olympic Committee. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230331210538/https://olympics.com/en/news/australia-usa-qualify-paris-2024--womens-rugby-sevens Archived] from the original on March 31, 2023. Retrieved March 31, 2023.</ref> '''Team roster''' Na dem name USA ein squad of 12 players for 17 June 2024. Additionally, na dem name Nicole Heavirland den Kristen Thomas as traveling reserves.<ref>Dean, Taylor (June 17, 2024). [https://web.archive.org/web/20241203111921/https://eagles.rugby/news/usa-rugby-announces-womens-olympic-rugby-sevens-team-for-paris-2024617 "USA Rugby announces Women's Olympic Rugby Sevens Team for Paris"]. ''eagles.rugby''. Retrieved June 27, 2024.</ref><ref>worldrugby.org. [https://www.world.rugby/tournaments/olympics/paris-2024/participating-nations/usa "USA - Rugby Sevens Olympic Games Paris 2024 | World Rugby"]. ''www.world.rugby''. Retrieved July 19, 2024.</ref> Head coach: Emilie Bydwell * Alena Olsen * Alev Kelter * Ariana Ramsey * Ilona Maher * Kayla Canett * Kristi Kirshe * Lauren Doyle (c) * Naya Tapper (c) * Sammy Sullivan * Sarah Levy * Spiff Sedrick * Stephanie Rovetti '''Group stage''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>D</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>PF</abbr> !<abbr>PA</abbr> !<abbr>PD</abbr> !<abbr>Pts</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 !France '''(H)''' |3 |3 |0 |0 |106 |14 | +92 |9 | rowspan="2" |Quarter-finals |- |2 !United States |3 |2 |0 |1 |74 |43 | +31 |7 |- |3 !Japan |3 |1 |0 |2 |46 |97 |−51 |5 | rowspan="2" | |- |4 !Brazil |3 |0 |0 |3 |17 |89 |−72 |3 |} Source: [https://www.world.rugby/tournaments/olympics/paris-2024/pools-standings World Rugby] Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head result; 3) Point difference; 4) Points dem score. '''(H)''' Hosts {| class="wikitable" |28 July 2024 16:30 |} {| class="wikitable" |United States |36–7 |Japan |- |'''Try:''' Levy 3' m Kirshe (2) 4' c, 6' m Sullivan 8' m Maher 9' c Sedrick 12' c '''Con:''' Canett (3/6) 5', 10', 13' |[https://www.world.rugby/match/1439e1be-759a-4de4-b1eb-a551bb4fd804 World Rugby] |'''Try:''' Mizutani 2' c '''Con:''' Utsumi (1/1) 2' |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade de France, Paris Referee: George Selwood <small>(England/Great Britain)</small> |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |28 July 2024 20:00 |} {| class="wikitable" |United States |24–5 |Brazil |- |'''Try:''' Kelter 1' m Sullivan 8' c Maher 11' m Sedrick 15' c '''Con:''' Kelter (2/3) 9', 15' |[https://www.world.rugby/match/845e3ff8-05f0-46f2-bb1e-ef14921db2f2 World Rugby] |'''Try:''' Thalia Costa 6' m |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade de France, Paris Referee: Tyler Miller <small>(Australia)</small> |} ---- {| class="wikitable" |29 July 2024 15:30 |} {| class="wikitable" |France |31–14 |United States |- |'''Try:''' Okemba (4) 7', 8', 9' c, 14' c Jacquet 11' c '''Con:''' Drouin (2/4) 9', 11' Yengo (1/1) 15' |[https://www.world.rugby/match/cf80920d-ee57-4e45-8ddc-b0eff3f802ff World Rugby] |'''Try:''' Maher 3' c Tapper 13' c '''Con:''' Canett (1/1) 3' Olsen (1/1) 13' |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade de France, Paris Referee: Craig Chan <small>(Hong Kong)</small> |} '''Quarterfinal''' [[File:Rugby Sept Féminin Quart de finale Grande-Bretagne x USA Jeux Olympiques 2024 Stade France - Saint-Denis (FR93) - 2024-07-29 - 04.jpg|thumb|Great Britain scrum against de United States]] {| class="wikitable" |29 July 2024 21:30 |} {| class="wikitable" |Great Britain |7–17 |United States |- |'''Try:''' Boatman 2' c '''Con:''' Thomson (1/1) 2' |[https://www.world.rugby/match/36f66511-60c6-4689-a08b-061c238cf33d World Rugby] |'''Try:''' Tapper 6' m Kirshe 8' c Sullivan 11' m '''Con:''' Canett (1/1) 8' |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade de France, Paris Referee: Maggie Cogger-Orr <small>(New Zealand)</small> |} '''Semifinal''' {| class="wikitable" |30 July 2024 15:30 |} {| class="wikitable" |New Zealand |24–12 |United States |- |'''Try:''' Waaka (2) 5' c, 8' m Blyde (2) 11' c, 13' m '''Con:''' Pouri-Lane (1/1) 6' King (1/3) 11' |[https://www.world.rugby/match/8e8a9895-178d-42f8-8420-d31d32c7ce8a World Rugby] |'''Try:''' Kelter (2) 3' m Kirshe 15' c '''Con:''' Olsen (1/1) 16' |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade de France, Paris Referee: Craig Chan <small>(Hong Kong)</small> |} '''Bronze medal final''' {| class="wikitable" |30 July 2024 19:00 |} {| class="wikitable" |United States |14–12 |Australia |- |'''Try:''' Kelter 6' c Sedrick 15' c '''Con:''' Kelter (2/2) 7', 15' |[https://www.world.rugby/match/be9352fb-3c66-4c55-98f9-cb9f1d5b3797 World Rugby] |'''Try:''' M. Levi (2) 2' c, 13' m '''Con:''' Hinds (1/2) 2' |} {| class="wikitable" |Stade de France, Paris Referee: Craig Chan <small>(Hong Kong)</small> |} == Sailing == Na total of 13 American sailors qualify insyd each of de classes wey dey follow via de 2023 Sailing World Championships insyd The Hague, Netherlands; 2023 Pan American Games insyd Santiago, Chile; den 2024 470 World Championships insyd Palma de Mallorca, Spain.<ref name=":7" /><ref>[https://www.teamusa.com/who-has-qualified-for-paris-2024-so-far "QUALIFIED ATHLETES - OLYMPIC"]. Team USA. February 8, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240229085833/https://www.teamusa.com/who-has-qualified-for-paris-2024-so-far Archived] from the original on February 29, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.ussailing.org/news/mcnay-dallman-weiss-fully-qualified-for-paris-2024/ "MCNAY & DALLMAN-WEISS FULLY QUALIFIED FOR PARIS 2024"]. US Sailing. March 6, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240307235713/https://www.ussailing.org/news/mcnay-dallman-weiss-fully-qualified-for-paris-2024/ Archived] from the original on March 7, 2024. Retrieved March 6, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.ussailing.org/news/all-eyes-on-mallorca-for-international-season-opener-ahead-of-paris-2024/ "ROBLE AND SHEA TO REPRESENT USA AT PARIS 2024 IN THE 49ERFX, MOROZ TAKES SILVER FROM 53RD TROFEO PRINCESA SOFÍA"]. US Sailing. April 6, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240408191001/https://www.ussailing.org/news/all-eyes-on-mallorca-for-international-season-opener-ahead-of-paris-2024/ Archived] from the original on April 8, 2024. Retrieved April 6, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.ussailing.org/news/french-olympic-week-last-chance-updates/ "ROSE WINS FRENCH OLYMPIC WEEK, LYONS AND EDEGRAN QUALIFY FOR PARIS 2024"]. US Sailing. April 27, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240426005546/https://www.ussailing.org/news/french-olympic-week-last-chance-updates/ Archived] from the original on April 26, 2024. Retrieved April 27, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.ussailing.org/news/newberry-moore-and-liebenberg-to-represent-usa-at-paris-2024-in-the-nacra-17/ "NEWBERRY MOORE AND LIEBENBERG TO REPRESENT USA AT PARIS 2024 IN THE NACRA 17"]. US Sailing. May 13, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240515023624/https://www.ussailing.org/news/newberry-moore-and-liebenberg-to-represent-usa-at-paris-2024-in-the-nacra-17/ Archived] from the original on May 15, 2024. Retrieved May 13, 2024.</ref> '''Elimination races''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="22" |Opening series !Quarterfinal ! colspan="8" |Semifinal ! colspan="8" |Final |- !1 !2 !3 !4 !5 !6 !7 !8 !9 !10 !11 !12 !13 !14 !15 !16 !17 !18 !19 !20 !Net points !Rank !Rank !1 !2 !3 !4 !5 !6 !Total !Rank !1 !2 !3 !4 !5 !6 !Total !Rank |- |Noah Lyons |Men's IQFoil |5 |1 |8 |13 |12 |3 |9 |6 |<s><abbr>BFD</abbr></s> |11 |6 |14 |<s>22</s> | colspan="7" |Dem cancel |88 |7 '''QF''' |5 | colspan="7" |— |<abbr>EL</abbr> | colspan="7" |— |EL |- |Markus Edegran |Men's Formula Kite |13 |11 |7 |<s>16</s> |6 |3 |3 | colspan="13" |Dem cancel |31 |9 '''SF''' |— |4 | colspan="5" |Dem cancel |4 |<abbr>EL</abbr> | colspan="7" |— |EL |- |Dominique Stater |Women's IQFoil |11 |<s>22</s> |20 |6 |21 |16 |<s><abbr>DNF</abbr></s> |22 |20 |12 |18 |8 |20 |14 | colspan="6" |Dem cancel |188 |22 |<abbr>EL</abbr> | colspan="7" |— |EL | colspan="7" |— |EL |- |Daniela Moroz |Women's Formula Kite |<s>7</s> |3 |4 |1 |2 |7 | colspan="14" |Dem cancel |17 |3 '''SF''' |— |1 | colspan="6" |Dem cancel |1 '''F''' |3 |4.1 <abbr>SCP</abbr> | colspan="4" |Dem cancel |7.1 |4 |} Qualification legend: '''QF''' - Qualify go quarterfinal; '''SF''' - Qualify go semifinal; '''F''' - Qualify go final '''Medal races''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="13" |Race ! rowspan="2" |Net points ! rowspan="2" |Final rank |- !1 !2 !3 !4 !5 !6 !7 !8 !9 !10 !11 !12 !M* |- |'''Ian Barrows''' '''Hans Henken''' |49er |8 |7 |<s>17</s> |9 |9 |5 |10 |7 |3 |2 |8 |11 |8 |88 |3 |- |Erika Reineke |ILCA 6 |13 |25 |18 |3 |4 |7 |<s><abbr>BFD</abbr></s> |2 |25 |<abbr>Can</abbr> | colspan="2" |— |12 |110 |9 |- |Stephanie Roble Maggie Shea |49erFX |7 |11 |10 |3 |9 |13 |15 |13 |<s>17</s> |8 |7 |9 |20 |125 |10 |- |Lara Dallman-Weiss Stuart McNay |470 |9 |17 |4 |13 |11 |6 |<s>18</s> |12 | colspan="2" |<abbr>Can</abbr> | colspan="2" |— |<abbr>EL</abbr> |72 |13 |- |David Liebenberg Sarah Newberry Moore |Nacra 17 |10 |16 |18 |14 |13 |16 |11 |<s><abbr>UFD</abbr></s> |15 |3 |12 |13 |<abbr>EL</abbr> |141 |16 |} Key: '''M''' - Medal race; EL - Dem eliminate am, dem no advance into de medal race == Shooting == '''Men''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Qualification ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Points !Rank !Points !Rank |- |Rylan Kissell | rowspan="2" |10 m air rifle |626.3 |35 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Ivan Roe |626.3 |34 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Rylan Kissell | rowspan="2" |50 m rifle 3 positions |579-25x |38 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Ivan Roe |587-32x |20 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Henry Leverett | rowspan="2" |25 m rapid fire pistol |573-16x |25 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Keith Sanderson |579-16x |19 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Will Hinton | rowspan="2" |Trap |116 |27 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Derrick Mein |122 (+13) |6 '''Q''' |26 |5 |- |'''Vincent Hancock''' | rowspan="2" |Skeet |123 |4 '''Q''' |58 |1 |- |'''Conner Prince''' |124 (+12) |1 '''Q''' |57 |2 |} '''Women''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Qualification ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Points !Rank !Points !Rank |- |Sagen Maddalena | rowspan="2" |10 m air rifle |631.4 |7 '''Q''' |207.7 |4 |- |Mary Tucker |625.2 |32 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |'''Sagen Maddalena''' | rowspan="2" |50 m rifle 3 positions |593-45x '''OR''' |1 '''Q''' |463.0 | |- |Mary Tucker |579-20x |25 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Katelyn Abeln | rowspan="2" |10 m air pistol |570-16x |24 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Alexis Lagan |570-15x |25 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Katelyn Abeln | rowspan="2" |25 m pistol |585-19x |8 '''Q''' |5 |8 |- |Ada Korkhin |571-17x |32 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Ryann Phillips | rowspan="2" |Trap |116 |16 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Rachel Tozier |116 |18 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |'''Austen Smith''' | rowspan="2" |Skeet |122 (+14) |1 '''Q''' |45 | |- |Dania Vizzi |118 |12 | colspan="2" |She no advance |} '''Mixed''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Qualification ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Points !Rank !Opponent Result !Rank |- |Sagen Maddalena Ivan Roe | rowspan="2" |10 m air rifle team |624.9 |18 | colspan="2" |Dem no advance |- |Mary Tucker Rylan Kissell |626.0 |13 | colspan="2" |Dem no advance |- |'''Vincent Hancock''' '''Austen Smith''' | rowspan="2" |Skeet team |148 |2 '''G''' |Bacosi / Rossetti (ITA) '''L''' 44–45 | |- |Conner Prince Dania Vizzi |144 |6 | colspan="2" |Dem no advance |} Key: '''G''' - Qualify go gold medal match; '''B''' - Qualify go bronze medal match == Skateboarding == De United States qualify twelve skateboarders (six per gender) make dem compete insyd each of de events wey dey follow at de Games. Dem go decide de members insyd U.S skateboarding team. '''Men''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Qualification ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Score !Rank !Score !Rank |- |Gavin Bottger | rowspan="3" |Park |86.95 |10 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Tate Carew |90.42 |4 '''Q''' |91.17 |5 |- |'''Tom Schaar''' |92.05 |2 '''Q''' |92.23 |2 |- |'''Jagger Eaton''' | rowspan="3" |Street |274.88 |1 '''Q''' |281.04 |2 |- |'''Nyjah Huston''' |272.66 |2 '''Q''' |279.38 |3 |- |Chris Joslin |50.84 |21 | colspan="2" |He no advance |} '''Women''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Qualification ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Score !Rank !Score !Rank |- |Ruby Lilley | rowspan="3" |Park |75.07 |13 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Minna Stess |54.71 |19 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Bryce Wettstein |85.65 |2 '''Q''' |88.12 |6 |- |Mariah Duran | rowspan="3" |Street |58.36 |22 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Paige Heyn |244.29 |6 '''Q''' |163.23 |6 |- |Poe Pinson |241.12 |8 '''Q''' |222.34 |5 |} == Sport climbing == '''Boulder & lead combined''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="3" |Athlete ! rowspan="3" |Event ! colspan="6" |Semifinal ! colspan="6" |Final |- ! colspan="2" |Boulder ! colspan="2" |Lead ! rowspan="2" |Total ! rowspan="2" |Rank ! colspan="2" |Boulder ! colspan="2" |Lead ! rowspan="2" |Total ! rowspan="2" |Rank |- !Points !Rank !Points !Rank !Points !Rank !Points !Rank |- |Colin Duffy | rowspan="2" |Men's |33.8 |11 |54.1 |6 |87.9 |7 '''Q''' |68.3 |2 |68.1 |7 |136.4 |4 |- |Jesse Grupper |18.9 |18 |21.0 |17 |30.9 |18 | colspan="6" |He no advance |- |Natalia Grossman | rowspan="2" |Women's |69.2 |5 |39.1 |18 |108.3 |11 | colspan="6" |He no advance |- |'''Brooke Raboutou''' |83.7 |3 |72.1 |4 |155.8 |3 '''Q''' |84.0 |2 |72.0 |5 |156.0 |2 |} '''Speed''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Qualification !Round of 16 !Quarterfinals !Semifinals ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Time !Rank !Opposition Time !Opposition Time !Opposition Time !Opposition Time !Rank |- |Zach Hammer | rowspan="2" |Men's |6.05 |12 |Watson (USA) '''L''' <abbr>F</abbr>–4.75 | colspan="3" |He no advance |14 |- |'''Sam Watson''' |4.91 |3 |Hammer (USA) '''W''' 4.75 '''WR'''–F |David (NZL) '''W''' 5.03–5.65 |Wu (CHN) '''L''' 4.93–4.85 |''Bronze medal final'' Alipour (IRI) '''W''' 4.74 '''WR'''–4.88 |3 |- |Emma Hunt | rowspan="2" |Women's |6.36 |2 |Lebon (FRA) '''W''' 6.38–7.07 |Sallsabillah (INA) '''L''' 7.98–6.54 | colspan="2" |She no advance |5 |- |Piper Kelly |7.39 |9 |Dewi (INA) '''L''' 8.43–6.38 | colspan="3" |She no advance |13 |} == Surfing == {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Round 1 !Round 2 !Round 3 !Quarterfinal !Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Score !Rank !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Rank |- |Griffin Colapinto | rowspan="2" |Men's shortboard |17.03 |1 '''R3''' |Bye |Vaast (FRA) '''L''' 13.83–15.10 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |John John Florence |17.33 |1 '''R3''' |Bye |Robinson (AUS) '''L''' 9.07–13.94 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |'''Caroline Marks''' | rowspan="3" |Women's shortboard |17.93 |1 '''R3''' |Bye |Yang (CHN) '''W''' 6.93–1.63 |Wright (AUS) '''W''' 7.77–5.37 |Defay (FRA) '''W''' 12.17^(7.00)–12.17^(6.50) |Weston-Webb (BRA) '''W''' 10.50–10.33 |1 |- |Carissa Moore |16.50 |1 '''R3''' |Bye |Baum (RSA) '''W''' 8.16–3.87 |Defay (FRA) '''L''' 6.50–10.34 | colspan="3" |She no advance |- |Caitlin Simmers |12.93 |1 '''R3''' |Bye |Weston-Webb (BRA) '''L''' 1.93–12.34 | colspan="4" |She no advance |} <small>Qualification legend: '''R3''' - Dey qualify go elimination rounds; '''R2''' - Dey qualify go repechage round</small> == Swimming == '''Men''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Heat ! colspan="2" |Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank |- |Caeleb Dressel | rowspan="2" |50 m freestyle |21.91 |13 '''Q''' |21.58 |5 '''Q''' |21.61 |6 |- |Chris Guiliano |21.97 |17 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Jack Alexy | rowspan="2" |100 m freestyle |47.57 |1 '''Q''' |47.68 |6 '''Q''' |47.96 |7 |- |Chris Guiliano |48.25 |=8 '''Q''' |47.72 |7 '''Q''' |47.98 |8 |- |Chris Guiliano | rowspan="2" |200 m freestyle |1:47.60 |19 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |'''Luke Hobson''' |1:46.23 |=7 '''Q''' |1:45.19 |3 '''Q''' |1:44.79 |3 |- |Aaron Shackell | rowspan="2" |400 m freestyle |3:45.45 |6 '''Q''' | colspan="2" rowspan="2" |— |3:47.00 |8 |- |Kieran Smith |3:46.47 |11 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |'''Bobby Finke''' | rowspan="2" |800 m freestyle |7:43.00 |5 '''Q''' | colspan="2" rowspan="2" |— |7:38.75 |2 |- |Luke Whitlock |7:49.26 |15 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |'''Bobby Finke''' | rowspan="2" |1500 m freestyle |14:45.31 |6 '''Q''' | colspan="2" rowspan="2" |— |14:30.67 '''WR''' |1 |- |David Johnston |15:10.64 |18 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Hunter Armstrong | rowspan="2" |100 m backstroke |53.34 |9 '''Q''' |53.11 |11 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |'''Ryan Murphy''' |53.06 |4 '''Q''' |52.72 |5 '''Q''' |52.39 |3 |- |Keaton Jones | rowspan="2" |200 m backstroke |1:57.54 |11 '''Q''' |1:56.39 |6 '''Q''' |1:55.39 |5 |- |Ryan Murphy |1:57.03 |5 '''Q''' |1:56.62 |10 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |'''Nic Fink''' | rowspan="2" |100 m breaststroke |59.66 |10 '''Q''' |59.16 |4 '''Q''' |59.05 |=2 |- |Charlie Swanson |59.92 |14 '''Q''' |1:00.16 |14 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Matthew Fallon | rowspan="2" |200 m breaststroke |2:10.49 |11 '''Q''' |2:09.96 |=10 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Josh Matheny |2:10.39 |10 '''Q''' |2:09.70 |6 '''Q''' |2:09.52 |7 |- |Caeleb Dressel | rowspan="2" |100 m butterfly |50.83 |6 '''Q''' |51.57 |13 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Thomas Heilman |51.82 |18 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Thomas Heilman | rowspan="2" |200 m butterfly |1:55.74 |11 '''Q''' |1:54.87 |10 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Luca Urlando |1:56.18 |17 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Shaine Casas | rowspan="2" |200 m individual medley |1:58.04 |5 '''Q''' |1:57.82 |9 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |Carson Foster |1:58.63 |10 '''Q''' |1:56.37 |2 '''Q''' |1:56.10 |4 |- |'''Carson Foster''' | rowspan="2" |400 m individual medley |4:11.07 |4 '''Q''' | colspan="2" rowspan="2" |— |4:08.66 |3 |- |Chase Kalisz |4:13.36 |11 | colspan="2" |He no advance |- |'''Jack Alexy''' '''Hunter Armstrong''' '''Caeleb Dressel''' '''Chris Guiliano''' '''Ryan Held'''^[b] '''Matt King'''^[b] |4 × 100 m freestyle relay |3:12.61 |4 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |— |3:09.28 |1 |- |'''Brooks Curry'''^[b] '''Carson Foster''' '''Chris Guiliano'''^[b] '''Luke Hobson''' '''Drew Kibler''' '''Blake Pieroni'''^[b] '''Kieran Smith''' |4 × 200 m freestyle relay |7:05.57 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |— |7:00.78 |2 |- |'''Jack Alexy'''^[b] '''Hunter Armstrong''' '''Caeleb Dressel''' '''Nic Fink''' '''Thomas Heilman'''^[b] '''Ryan Murphy''' '''Charlie Swanson'''^[b] |4 × 100 m medley relay |3:31.62 |3 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |— |3:28.01 |2 |- |Ivan Puskovitch |10 km open water | colspan="4" |— |1:57:52.5 |19 |} '''Women''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Heat ! colspan="2" |Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Time !Rank !Time !Rank !Time !Rank |- |Simone Manuel | rowspan="2" |50 m freestyle |24.587 |=18 | colspan="4" |She no advance |- |Gretchen Walsh |24.37 |3 '''Q''' |24.17 |2 '''Q''' |24.21 |4 |- |'''Torri Huske''' | rowspan="2" |100 m freestyle |53.53 |7 '''Q''' |52.99 |7 '''Q''' |52.29 |2 |- |Gretchen Walsh |53.54 |8 '''Q''' |53.18 |8 '''Q''' |53.04 |8 |- |Erin Gemmell | rowspan="2" |200 m freestyle |1:57.23 |11 '''Q''' |1:56.46 |9 | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |Claire Weinstein |1:56.48 |6 '''Q''' |1:55.24 |3 '''Q''' |1:56.60 |8 |- |'''Katie Ledecky''' | rowspan="2" |400 m freestyle |4:02.19 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" rowspan="2" |— |4:00.86 |3 |- |Paige Madden |4:03.34 |6 '''Q''' |4:02.26 |6 |- |'''Katie Ledecky''' | rowspan="2" |800 m freestyle |8:16.62 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" rowspan="2" |— |8:11.04 |1 |- |'''Paige Madden''' |8:18.48 |2 '''Q''' |8:13.00 |3 |- |Katie Grimes | rowspan="2" |1500 m freestyle |16:12.11 |10 | colspan="2" rowspan="2" |— | colspan="2" |She no advance |- |'''Katie Ledecky''' |15:47.43 |1 '''Q''' |15:30.02 '''OR''' |1 |- |'''Katharine Berkoff''' | rowspan="2" |100 m backstroke |57.99 |1 '''Q''' |58.27 |3 '''Q''' |57.98 |3 |- |'''Regan Smith''' |58.45 |2 '''Q''' |57.97 |1 '''Q''' |57.66 |2 |- |Phoebe Bacon | rowspan="2" |200 m backstroke |2:09.00 |4 '''Q''' |2:07.32 |1 '''Q''' |2:05.61 |4 |- |'''Regan Smith''' |2:09.61 |6 '''Q''' |2:08.14 |6 '''Q''' |2:04.26 |2 |- |Lilly King | rowspan="2" |100 m breaststroke |1:06.10 |5 '''Q''' |1:05.64 |3 '''Q''' |1:05.60 |=4 |- |Emma Weber |1:07.65 |23 | colspan="4" |She no advance |- |'''Kate Douglass''' | rowspan="2" |200 m breaststroke |2:23.44 |3 '''Q''' |2:19.74 |1 '''Q''' |2:19.24 '''AM''' |1 |- |Lilly King |2:24.91 |11 '''Q''' |2:23.25 |6 '''Q''' |2:25.91 |8 |- |'''Torri Huske''' | rowspan="2" |100 m butterfly |56.72 |3 '''Q''' |56.00 |2 '''Q''' |55.59 |1 |- |'''Gretchen Walsh''' |56.75 |4 '''Q''' |55.38 '''OR''' |1 '''Q''' |55.63 |2 |- |Alex Shackell | rowspan="2" |200 m butterfly |2:07.49 |5 '''Q''' |2:06.46 |5 '''Q''' |2:07.73 |6 |- |'''Regan Smith''' |2:06.99 |2 '''Q''' |2:05.39 |2 '''Q''' |2:03.84 '''NR''' |2 |- |'''Kate Douglass''' | rowspan="2" |200 m individual medley |2:10.70 |5 '''Q''' |2:08.59 |3 '''Q''' |2:06.92 |2 |- |Alex Walsh |2:10.48 |3 '''Q''' |2:07.45 |1 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |<abbr>DSQ</abbr> |- |'''Katie Grimes''' | rowspan="2" |400 m individual medley |4:37.24 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" rowspan="2" |— |4:33.40 |2 |- |'''Emma Weyant''' |4:36.27 |1 '''Q''' |4:34.93 |3 |- |'''Erika Connolly'''^[b] '''Kate Douglass''' '''Torri Huske''' '''Simone Manuel''' '''Gretchen Walsh''' '''Abbey Weitzeil'''^[b] |4 × 100 m freestyle relay |3:33.29 |2 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |— |3:30.20 '''AM''' |2 |- |'''Erin Gemmel''' '''Katie Ledecky''' '''Paige Madden''' '''Simone Manuel'''^[b] '''Anna Peplowski'''^[b] '''Alex Shackell'''^[b] '''Claire Weinstein''' |4 × 200 m freestyle relay |7:52.72 |4 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |— |7:40.86 |2 |- |'''Katharine Berkoff'''^[b] '''Kate Douglass'''^[b] '''Torri Huske''' '''Lilly King''' '''Alex Shackell'''^[b] '''Regan Smith''' '''Gretchen Walsh''' '''Emma Weber'''^[b] |4 × 100 m medley relay |3:56.40 |4 '''Q''' | colspan="2" |— |3:49.63 '''WR''' |1 |- |Mariah Denigan | rowspan="2" |10 km open water | colspan="4" rowspan="2" |— |2:06:42.9 |16 |- |Katie Grimes |2:06:29.6 |15 |} '''Mixed''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Heat ! colspan="2" |Final |- !Time !Rank !Time !Rank |- |'''Caeleb Dressel'''^[b] '''Nic Fink''' '''Torri Huske''' '''Ryan Murphy''' '''Regan Smith'''^[b] '''Charlie Swanson'''^[b] '''Gretchen Walsh''' '''Abbey Weitzeil'''^[b] |4 × 100 m medley relay |3:40.98 |1 '''Q''' |3:37.43 '''WR''' |1 |} <small>'''^b''' Swimmers wey participate insyd de heats per.</small> == Table tennis == {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event !Preliminary !Round of 64 !Round of 32 !Round of 16 !Quarterfinals !Semifinals ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Rank |- |Kanak Jha |Men's singles |Ursu (MDA) '''W''' 4–0 |Cho (KOR) '''W''' 4–2 |Gionis (GRE) '''W''' 4–2 |Fan (CHN) '''L''' 0–4 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Amy Wang | rowspan="2" |Women's singles |Bye |Tommy (VAN) '''W''' 4–0 |Díaz (PUR) '''L''' 2–4 | colspan="5" |She no advance |- |Lily Zhang |Bye |Sahakian (LBN) '''W''' 4–0 |B Takahashi (BRA) '''W''' 4–2 |Shin (KOR) '''L''' 0–4 | colspan="4" |She no advance |- |Rachel Sung Amy Wang Lily Zhang |Women's team | colspan="3" |— |Germany '''L''' 2–3 | colspan="4" |Dem no advance |} == Taekwondo == {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event !Qualification !Round of 16 !Quarterfinals !Semifinals !Repechage ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Rank |- |Carl Nickolas |Men's −80 kg |Bye |Mansouri (EOR) '''W''' 2–0 |Sawadogo (BUR) '''W''' 2–0 |Katoussi (TUN) '''L''' 0–2 |Bye |''Bronze medal match'' Alessio (ITA) '''L''' 0–2 |4 |- |Jonathan Healy |Men's +80 kg |Bye |Song (CHN) '''W''' 2–1 |Cissé (CIV) '''L''' 0–2 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Faith Dillon |Women's −57 kg |— |Toumi (TUN) '''L''' 1–2 | colspan="5" |She no advance |- |'''Kristina Teachout''' |Women's −67 kg |— |Wiet-Hénin (FRA) '''W''' 2–0 |Márton (HUN) '''L''' 1–2 |She no advance |Gbagbi (CIV) '''W''' 2–1 |''Bronze medal match'' Song (CHN) '''W''' 2–0 |3 |} == Tennis == '''Men''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event !Round of 64 !Round of 32 !Round of 16 !Quarterfinals !Semifinals ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank |- |Christopher Eubanks | rowspan="4" |Singles |Hassan (LBN) '''L''' 4–6, 2–6 | colspan="6" |He no advance |- |Taylor Fritz |Bublik (KAZ) '''W''' 6–4, 6–4 |Draper (GBR) '''W''' 6–7^(3–7), 6–3, 6–2 |Musetti (ITA) '''L''' 4–6, 5–7 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Marcos Giron |Auger-Aliassime (CAN) '''L''' 1–6, 4–6 | colspan="6" |He no advance |- |Tommy Paul |Darderi (ITA) '''W''' 6–3, 6–4 |Menšík (CZE) '''W''' 6–3, 6–1 |Moutet (FRA) '''W''' 7–6^(7–5), 6–3 |Alcaraz (ESP) '''L''' 3–6, 6–7^(7–9) | colspan="3" |He no advance |- |'''Taylor Fritz''' '''Tommy Paul''' | rowspan="2" |Doubles | rowspan="2" |— |Auger-Aliassime / Raonic (CAN) '''W''' 7–6^(16–14), 6–4 |Haase / Rojer (NED) '''W''' 6–3, 6–4 |Evans / Murray (GBR) '''W''' 6–2, 6–4 |Ebden / Peers (AUS) '''L''' 5–7, 2–6 |''Bronze medal match'' Macháč / Pavlásek (CZE) '''W''' 6–3, 6–4 |3 |- |'''Austin Krajicek''' '''Rajeev Ram''' |de Minaur / Popyrin (AUS) '''W''' 6–2, 6–3 |Monteiro / Seyboth Wild (BRA) '''W''' 6–4, 7–6^(7–3) |Alcaraz / Nadal (ESP) '''W''' 6–2, 6–4 |Macháč / Pavlásek (CZE) '''W''' 6–2, 6–2 |Ebden / Peers (AUS) '''L''' 7–6^(8–6), 6–7^(1–7), [8–10] |2 |} '''Women''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event !Round of 64 !Round of 32 !Round of 16 !Quarterfinals !Semifinals ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank |- |Danielle Collins | rowspan="4" |Singles |Siegemund (GER) '''W''' 6–3, 2–0, <abbr>ret</abbr> |Wozniacki (DEN) '''W''' 6–3, 3–6, 6–3 |Osorio (COL) '''W''' 6–0, 4–6, 6–3 |Świątek (POL) '''L''' 1–6, 6–2, 1–4 <abbr>ret</abbr> | colspan="3" |He no advance |- |Coco Gauff |Tomljanović (AUS) '''W''' 6–3, 6–0 |Carlé (ARG) '''W''' 6–1, 6–1 |Vekić (CRO) '''L''' 6–7^(7–9), 2–6 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Emma Navarro |Grabher (AUT) '''W''' 6–2, 6–0 |Tomova (BUL) '''W''' 6–7^(5–7), 6–4, 6–1 |Zheng (CHN) '''L''' 7–6^(9–7), 6–7^(4–7), 1–6 | colspan="4" |He no advance |- |Jessica Pegula |Golubic (SUI) '''W''' 6–3, 6–4 |Svitolina (UKR) '''L''' 6–4, 1–6, 3–6 | colspan="5" |He no advance |- |Danielle Collins Desirae Krawczyk | rowspan="2" |Doubles | rowspan="2" |— |Papamichail / Sakkari (GRE) '''W''' 6–1, 6–3 |L Kichenok / N Kichenok (UKR) '''L''' 6–3, 4–6, [7–10] | colspan="4" |Dem no advance |- |Coco Gauff Jessica Pegula |Perez / Saville (AUS) '''W''' 6–3, 6–1 |Muchová / Nosková (CZE) '''L''' 6–2, 4–6, [5–10] | colspan="4" |Dem no advance |} '''Mixed''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event !Round of 16 !Quarterfinal !Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank |- |Taylor Fritz Coco Gauff |Doubles |González / Podoroska (ARG) '''W''' 6–1, 6–7^(6–8), [10–5] |Auger-Aliassime / Dabrowski (CAN) '''L''' 6–7^(2–7), 6–3, [8–10] | colspan="3" |Dem no advance |} == Triathlon == '''Individual''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="6" |Time ! rowspan="2" |Rank |- !Swim (1.5 km) !Trans 1 !Bike (40 km) !Trans 2 !Run (10 km) !Total |- |Morgan Pearson | rowspan="2" |Men's |21:30 |0:47 |54:35 |0:30 |31:04 |1:48:26 |31 |- |Seth Rider |20:30 |0:53 |52:00 |0:27 |34:03 |1:47:53 |29 |- |Kirsten Kasper | rowspan="3" |Women's |22:39 |0:53 |1:05:47 |0:31 |36:48 |2:06:38 |49 |- |Taylor Knibb |24:08 |0:56 |57:45 |0:31 |35:17 |1:58:37 |19 |- |Taylor Spivey |22:43 |0:57 |58:04 |0:30 |34:57 |1:57:11 |10 |} '''Relay''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="6" |Time ! rowspan="2" |Rank |- !Swim (300 m) !Trans 1 !Bike (7 km) !Trans 2 !Run (2 km) !Total |- |'''Taylor Knibb''' | rowspan="5" |Mixed relay |4:50 |1:10 |10:08 |0:27 |5:38 |22:13 | rowspan="4" |— |- |'''Morgan Pearson''' |4:33 |0:58 |9:32 |0:24 |5:00 |20:27 |- |'''Seth Rider''' |4:09 |1:07 |9:38 |0:24 |5:01 |20:19 |- |'''Taylor Spivey''' |5:00 |1:12 |10:25 |0:25 |5:39 |22:41 |- |'''Total''' | colspan="5" |— |1:25:40 |2 |} == Volleyball == === Beach === De U.S. men's den women's pairs qualify for Paris via de 2023 FIVB Beach Volleyball World Championships wey dem base am for de FIVB Beach Volleyball Olympic Ranking top.<ref>[https://olympics.com/en/news/meet-americans-beach-volleyball-glory-under-eiffel-tower "Meet the Americans who will compete for beach volleyball glory under theEiffel Tower"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240616134909/https://olympics.com/en/news/meet-americans-beach-volleyball-glory-under-eiffel-tower Archived] from the original on June 16, 2024. Retrieved June 10, 2024.</ref> Na dem announce de team for June 10, 2024.<ref>[https://usavolleyball.org/story/u-s-beach-teams-confirmed-for-paris-olympic-games/ "U.S. Beach Teams Confirmed for Paris Olympic Games"]. ''USA Volleyball''. June 10, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240610165623/https://usavolleyball.org/story/u-s-beach-teams-confirmed-for-paris-olympic-games/ Archived] from the original on June 10, 2024. Retrieved June 10, 2024.</ref> Former basketball player Chase Budinger cam turn de first person make he play regular-season game insyd de NBA den Olympic beach volleyball.<ref>[https://www.espn.com/nba/story/_/id/40284716/ex-nba-player-chase-budinger-makes-olympics-beach-volleyball "Ex-NBA player Chase Budinger makes Olympics in beach volleyball"]. June 5, 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athletes ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="4" |Preliminary round !<abbr>LL</abbr> !Round of 16 !Quarterfinal !Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank |- |Andy Benesh Miles Partain | rowspan="2" |Men's |Alayo / Díaz (CUB) '''L''' (18–21, 18–21) |Abicha / El Graoui (MAR) '''W''' (21–12, 28–26) |Stein / Wanderley (BRA) '''W''' (21–17, 14–21, 15–8) |2 '''Q''' |Bye |Cottafava / Nicolai (ITA) '''W''' (21–17, 21–18) |Tijan / Younousse (QAT) '''L''' (14–21, 16–21) | colspan="2" |Dem no advance |5 |- |Chase Budinger Miles Evans |Gauthier-Rat / Krou (FRA) '''W''' (21–14, 21–11) |Boermans / De Groot (NED) '''L''' (13–21, 15–21) |Gavira / Herrera (ESP) '''L''' (18–21, 11–21) |3 '''LL''' |Hodges / Schubert (AUS) '''W''' (21–19, 21–17) |Mol / Sørum (NOR) '''L''' (16–21, 14–21) | colspan="3" |Dem no advance |9 |- |Kelly Cheng Sara Hughes | rowspan="2" |Women's |Hermannová / Štochlová (CZE) '''W''' (21–16, 21–11) |Chamereau / Vieira (FRA) '''W''' (21–16, 23–21) |Müller / Tillmann (GER) '''W''' (21–18, 21–18) |1 '''Q''' |Bye |Gottardi / Menegatti (ITA) '''W''' (21–18, 17–21, 15–12) |Brunner / Hüberli (SUI) '''L''' (18–21, 19–21) | colspan="2" |Dem no advance |5 |- |Taryn Kloth Kristen Nuss |Bansley / Bukovec (CAN) '''W''' (21–17, 21–14) |Artacho / Clancy (AUS) '''W''' (21–16, 21–16) |Xia / Xue (CHN) '''W''' (15–21, 21–16, 15–12) |1 '''Q''' |Bye |Humana-Paredes / Wilkerson (CAN) '''L''' (19–21, 18–21) | colspan="3" |Dem no advance |9 |} === Indoor === '''Summary''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="4" |Group stage !Quarterfinal !Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank |- |'''United States men''' |Men's tournament |Argentina '''W''' 3–0 |Germany '''W''' 3–2 |Japan '''W''' 3–1 |1 '''Q''' |Brazil '''W''' 3–1 |Poland '''L''' 2–3 |''Bronze medal match'' Italy '''W''' 3–0 |3 |- |'''United States women''' |Women's tournament |China '''L''' 2–3 |Serbia '''W''' 3–2 |France '''W''' 3–0 |2 '''Q''' |Poland '''W''' 3–0 |Brazil '''W''' 3–2 |Italy '''L''' 0–3 |2 |} ==== Men's tournament ==== De United States men's volleyball team qualify for Paris by dem secure outright berth as one of de two highest-ranked nations at de 2023 Olympic Qualification Tournament insyd Tokyo, Japan.<ref name=":7" /><ref>[https://en.volleyballworld.com/volleyball/competitions/volleyball-olympic-qualifying-tournament/news/usa-and-japan-snatch-first-tickets-to-paris-2024 "USA and Japan snatch first tickets to Paris 2024"]. ''Volleyball World''. October 7, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231008034824/https://en.volleyballworld.com/volleyball/competitions/volleyball-olympic-qualifying-tournament/news/usa-and-japan-snatch-first-tickets-to-paris-2024 Archived] from the original on October 8, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.</ref> '''Team roster''' Na dem announce de roster for 10 May 2024.<ref>[https://usavolleyball.org/story/usa-volleyball-announces-mens-team-for-paris-2024/ "USA Volleyball Announces Men's Team for Paris 2024"]. USA Volleyball. May 10, 2024. Retrieved May 10, 2024.</ref> Head coach: John Speraw<ref>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C33_VVOMTEAM6-------------------------VVOMTEAM6---USA01.pdf "Team roster: United States"] (PDF). Olympics.com. July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> * 1 Matt Anderson OP * 2 Aaron Russell OH * 4 Jeffrey Jendryk MB * 8 Torey DeFalco OH * 11 Micah Christenson (c) S * 12 Maxwell Holt MB * 14 Micah Maʻa S * 17 Thomas Jaeschke OH * 18 Garrett Muagututia OH * 19 Taylor Averill MB * 20 David Smith MB * 22 Erik Shoji L '''Group play''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>Pts</abbr> !<abbr>SW</abbr> !<abbr>SL</abbr> !<abbr>SR</abbr> !<abbr>SPW</abbr> !<abbr>SPL</abbr> !<abbr>SPR</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 !United States |3 |3 |0 |8 |9 |3 |3.000 |270 |232 |1.164 | rowspan="3" |Quarterfinals |- |2 !Germany |3 |2 |1 |6 |8 |5 |1.600 |287 |264 |1.087 |- |3 !Japan |3 |1 |2 |4 |6 |7 |0.857 |278 |292 |0.952 |- |4 !Argentina |3 |0 |3 |0 |1 |9 |0.111 |196 |243 |0.807 | rowspan="1" | |} Source: [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C76A_VVOMTEAM6-------------GP----------.pdf Olympics] Rules for classification: Tiebreakers {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |27 July 2024 21:00 |'''United States''' |3–0 |Argentina | rowspan="3" |South Paris Arena 1, Paris Attendance: 9,464 Referees: Stefano Cesare (ITA), Wojciech Maroszek (POL) |- | colspan="3" |(25–20, 25–19, 25–16) [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C73_VVOMTEAM6-------------GPC-000200--.pdf P2] [https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/results/volleyball/men/gpc-000200-- Report] |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |30 July 2024 13:00 |'''United States''' |3–2 |Germany | rowspan="3" |South Paris Arena 1, Paris Attendance: 9,275 Referees: Scott Dziewirz (CAN), Vladimir Simonović (SUI) |- | colspan="3" |(25–21, 25–17, 17–25, 20–25, 15–11) [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C73_VVOMTEAM6-------------GPC-000300--.pdf P2] [https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/results/volleyball/men/gpc-000300-- Report] |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |2 August 2024 21:00 |Japan |1–3 | '''United States''' | rowspan="3" |South Paris Arena 1, Paris Attendance: 9,369 Referees: Ivaylo Ivanov (BUL), Juraj Mokrý (SVK) |- | colspan="3" |(16–25, 18–25, 25–18, 19–25) [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C73_VVOMTEAM6-------------GPC-000600--.pdf P2] [https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/results/volleyball/men/gpc-000600-- Report] |} '''Quarterfinal''' {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |5 August 2024 21:00 |'''United States''' |3–1 |Brazil | rowspan="3" |South Paris Arena 1, Paris Attendance: 9,346 Referees: Vladimir Simonović (SUI), Fabrice Collados (FRA) |- | colspan="3" |(26–24, 28–30, 25–19, 25–19) [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C73_VVOMTEAM6-------------QFNL000400--.pdf P2] [https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/results/volleyball/men/qfnl000400-- Report] |} '''Semifinal''' {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |7 August 2024 16:00 |'''Poland''' |3–2 |United States | rowspan="3" |South Paris Arena 1, Paris Attendance: 9,333 Referees: Stefano Cesare (ITA), Fabrice Collados (FRA) |- | colspan="3" |(25–23, 25–27, 14–25, 25–23, 15–13) [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C73_VVOMTEAM6-------------SFNL000200--.pdf P2] [https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/results/volleyball/men/sfnl000200-- Report] |} '''Bronze medal match''' {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |9 August 2024 16:00 |Italy |0–3 | '''United States''' | rowspan="3" |South Paris Arena 1, Paris Attendance: 9,376 Referees: Ivaylo Ivanov (BUL), Epaminondas Gerothodoros (GRE) |- | colspan="3" |(23–25, 28–30, 24–26) [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C73_VVOMTEAM6-------------FNL-000200--.pdf P2] [https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/results/volleyball/men/fnl-000200-- Report] |} ==== Women's tournament ==== De United States women's volleyball team qualify for de Games by dem secure outright berth as de one of two highest-ranked nations at de 2023 Olympic Qualification Tournament insyd Łódź, Poland.<ref name=":7" /><ref>[https://olympics.com/en/news/volleyball-womens-oqt-road-to-paris-2024-qualifiers "Volleyball Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament - Road to Paris 2024: these teams have secured quota spots"]. International Olympic Committee. September 25, 2023. Retrieved September 25, 2023.</ref> '''Team roster''' Na dem announce de roster for 5 June 2024.<ref>[https://usavolleyball.org/story/usa-volleyball-reveals-womens-team-for-paris-2024/ "USA Volleyball Reveals Women's Team for Paris 2024"]. USA Volleyball. June 5, 2024. Retrieved June 5, 2024.</ref> Head coach: Karch Kiraly<ref>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C33_VVOWTEAM6-------------------------VVOWTEAM6---USA01.pdf "Team roster: United States"] (PDF). Olympics.com. July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> * 1 Micha Hancock S * 2 Jordyn Poulter (c) S * 3 Avery Skinner OH * 4 Justine Wong-Orantes L * 7 Lauren Carlini S * 10 Jordan Larson OH * 11 Annie Drews OP * 12 Jordan Thompson OP * 15 Haleigh Washington MB * 16 Dana Rettke MB * 22 Kathryn Plummer OH * 23 Kelsey Robinson Cook OH * 24 Chiaka Ogbogu MB '''Group play''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>Pts</abbr> !<abbr>SW</abbr> !<abbr>SL</abbr> !<abbr>SR</abbr> !<abbr>SPW</abbr> !<abbr>SPL</abbr> !<abbr>SPR</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 !China |3 |3 |0 |8 |9 |3 |3.000 |277 |249 |1.112 | rowspan="3" |Quarter-finals |- |2 !United States |3 |2 |1 |6 |8 |5 |1.600 |286 |278 |1.029 |- |3 !Serbia |3 |1 |2 |4 |6 |6 |1.000 |271 |257 |1.054 |- |4 !France '''(H)''' |3 |0 |3 |0 |0 |9 |0.000 |183 |233 |0.785 | rowspan="1" | |} Source: [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C76A_VVOWTEAM6-------------GP----------.pdf Olympics] Rules for classification: Tiebreakers '''(H)''' Host {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |29 July 2024 17:00 |United States |2–3 | '''China''' | rowspan="3" |South Paris Arena 1, Paris Attendance: 9,434 Referees: Sumie Myoi (JPN), Karina Rene (ARG) |- | colspan="3" |(20–25, 19–25, 25–17, 25–20, 13–15) [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C73_VVOWTEAM6-------------GPA-000100--.pdf P2] [https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/results/volleyball/women/gpa-000100-- Report] |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |31 July 2024 17:00 |'''United States''' |3–2 |Serbia | rowspan="3" |South Paris Arena 1, Paris Attendance: 9,384 Referees: Juraj Mokrý (SVK), Karina Rene (ARG) |- | colspan="3" |(25–17, 25–20, 20–25, 14–25, 17–15) [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C73_VVOWTEAM6-------------GPA-000300--.pdf P2] [https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/results/volleyball/women/gpa-000300-- Report] |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |4 August 2024 13:00 |France |0–3 | '''United States''' | rowspan="3" |South Paris Arena 1, Paris Attendance: 9,402 Referees: Ivaylo Ivanov (BUL), Scott Dziewirz (CAN) |- | colspan="3" |(27–29, 27–29, 20–25) [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C73_VVOWTEAM6-------------GPA-000500--.pdf P2] [https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/results/volleyball/women/gpa-000500-- Report] |} '''Quarterfinal''' {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |6 August 2024 17:00 |'''United States''' |3–0 |Poland | rowspan="3" |South Paris Arena 1, Paris Attendance: 9,244 Referees: Karina Rene (ARG), Vladimir Simonović (SUI) |- | colspan="3" |(25–22, 25–14, 25–20) [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C73_VVOWTEAM6-------------QFNL000200--.pdf P2] [https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/results/volleyball/women/qfnl000200-- Report] |} '''Semifinal''' {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |8 August 2024 16:00 |Brazil |2–3 | '''United States''' | rowspan="3" |South Paris Arena 1, Paris Attendance: 9,253 Referees: Juraj Mokrý (SVK), Karina Rene (ARG) |- | colspan="3" |(23–25, 25–18, 15–25, 25–23, 11–15) [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C73_VVOWTEAM6-------------SFNL000100--.pdf P2] [https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/results/volleyball/women/sfnl000100-- Report] |} '''Gold medal game''' {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |11 August 2024 13:00 |United States |0–3 | '''Italy''' | rowspan="3" |South Paris Arena 1, Paris Attendance: 9,340 Referees: Fabrice Collados (FRA), Wojciech Maroszek (POL) |- | colspan="3" |(18–25, 20–25, 17–25) [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/VVO/OG2024_VVO_C73_VVOWTEAM6-------------FNL-000100--.pdf P2] [https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/results/volleyball/women/fnl-000100-- Report] |} == Water polo == '''Summary''' '''Key''': * FT – After full time. * P – Dem decide match by penalty-shootout. {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Team ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="6" |Group stage !Quarterfinal !Semifinal ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Opposition Score !Rank |- |'''United States men''' |Men's tournament |Italy '''L''' 8–12 |Romania '''W''' 14–8 |Greece '''L''' 11–13 |Montenegro '''W''' 12–7 |Croatia '''W''' 14–11 |3 '''Q''' |Australia '''W''' 11–10 |Serbia '''L''' 6–10 |''Bronze medal match'' Hungary '''W''' 11–8 |3 |- |United States women |Women's tournament |Greece '''W''' 15–6 |Spain '''L''' 11–13 |Italy '''W''' 10–3 |France '''W''' 17–5 |— |2 '''Q''' |Hungary '''W''' 5–4 |Australia '''L''' 13–14 |''Bronze medal match'' Netherlands '''L''' 10–11 |4 |} === Men's tournament === De United States men's water polo team qualify for de Olympics after dem win de gold medal at de 2023 Pan American Games insyd Santiago, Chile.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":12">[https://www.worldaquatics.com/news/3770664/usa-men-and-women-book-tickets-for-paris-2024 "USA men and women book tickets for Paris 2024"]. ''worldaquatics.com''. November 8, 2023. [https://web.archive.org/web/20231108135330/https://www.worldaquatics.com/news/3770664/usa-men-and-women-book-tickets-for-paris-2024 Archived] from the original on November 8, 2023. Retrieved November 8, 2023.</ref> '''Team roster''' Na dem announce de roster for 18 June 2024.<ref>[https://usawaterpolo.org/news/2024/6/18/mens-senior-national-team-usa-water-polo-announces-2024-us-olympic-mens-water-polo-team.aspx "USA Water Polo Announces 2024 U.S. Olympic Men's Water Polo Team"]. ''usawaterpolo.org''. June 18, 2024. Retrieved June 18, 2024.</ref> Head coach: Dejan Udovičić<ref>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C33_WPOMTEAM7-------------------------WPOMTEAM7---USA01.pdf "Team roster: United States"] (PDF). Olympics.com. July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ !<abbr>No.</abbr> !Player !<abbr>Pos.</abbr> !<abbr>L/R</abbr> !Height !Weight !Date of birth (age) !<abbr>Apps</abbr> !<abbr>OG</abbr>/ <abbr>Goals</abbr> !Club !<abbr>Ref</abbr> |- |1 |Adrian Weinberg |<abbr>GK</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) |95 kg (209 lb) |25 November 2001 (aged 22) | | |Pride WP | |- |2 |Johnny Hooper |<abbr>AT</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) |88 kg (194 lb) |24 June 1997 (aged 27) | | |Telimar Palermo | |- |3 |Marko Vavic |<abbr>AT</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.98 m (6 ft 6 in) |103 kg (227 lb) |25 April 1999 (aged 25) | | |RN Savona | |- |4 |Alex Obert |<abbr>CF</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) |105 kg (231 lb) |18 December 1991 (aged 32) | | |NYAC | |- |5 |Hannes Daube |<abbr>AT</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.98 m (6 ft 6 in) |106 kg (234 lb) |5 January 2000 (aged 24) | | |Jug Dubrovnik | |- |6 |Luca Cupido |<abbr>AT</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.91 m (6 ft 3 in) |97 kg (214 lb) |9 November 1995 (aged 28) | | |CC Ortigia | |- |7 |Ben Hallock (c) |<abbr>CF</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.98 m (6 ft 6 in) |115 kg (254 lb) |22 November 1997 (aged 26) | | |Pro Recco | |- |8 |Dylan Woodhead |<abbr>AT</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |2.01 m (6 ft 7 in) |100 kg (220 lb) |25 September 1998 (aged 25) | | |NC Vouliagmeni | |- |9 |Alex Bowen |<abbr>AT</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) |106 kg (234 lb) |4 September 1993 (aged 30) | | |CN Noisy-le-Sec | |- |10 |Chase Dodd |<abbr>FP</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.94 m (6 ft 4 in) |104 kg (229 lb) |5 April 2003 (aged 21) | | |Vanguard | |- |11 |Ryder Dodd |<abbr>FP</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) |93 kg (205 lb) |19 January 2006 (aged 18) | | |Mission WPC | |- |12 |Max Irving |<abbr>AT</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) |81 kg (179 lb) |21 May 1995 (aged 29) | | |AN Brescia | |- |13 |Drew Holland |<abbr>GK</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) |83 kg (183 lb) |11 April 1995 (aged 29) | | |G.S. Peristeri | |} '''Group play''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>PSW</abbr> !<abbr>PSL</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>GF</abbr> !<abbr>GA</abbr> !<abbr>GD</abbr> !<abbr>Pts</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 !Greece |5 |3 |1 |0 |1 |61 |52 | +9 |11 | rowspan="4" |Quarterfinals |- |2 !Italy |5 |3 |1 |0 |1 |60 |43 | +17 |11 |- |3 !United States |5 |3 |0 |0 |2 |59 |51 | +8 |9 |- |4 !Croatia |5 |3 |0 |0 |2 |58 |57 | +1 |9 |- |5 !Montenegro |5 |1 |0 |2 |2 |45 |50 |−5 |5 | rowspan="2" | |- |6 !Romania |5 |0 |0 |0 |5 |37 |67 |−30 |0 |} Source: [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C76_WPOMTEAM7-------------------------.pdf Olympics] Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals dem score; 5) Goal difference. Notes: # ^ Jump up to:^'''''a''''' ^'''''b''''' Greece 9–8 Italy # ^ Jump up to:^'''''a''''' ^'''''b''''' Croatia 11–14 United States {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |28 July 2024 15:00 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOMTEAM7-------------GPA-000100--.pdf Report]</small> |'''Italy''' |'''12'''–8 |United States | rowspan="3" |Paris Aquatic Centre, Paris '''Referees:''' Tamás Kovács (HUN), Vojin Putniković (SRB) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' '''4'''–2, 1–1, '''4'''–1, 3–'''4''' |- |''three players'' 2 |'''Goals''' |Daube 3 |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |30 July 2024 16:35 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOMTEAM7-------------GPA-000500--.pdf Report]</small> |'''United States''' |'''14'''–8 |Romania | rowspan="3" |Paris Aquatic Centre, Paris '''Referees:''' David Gómez (ESP), Nicholas Hodgers (AUS) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' 3–3, '''3'''–0, '''4'''–1, 4–4 |- |Bowen, Daube 3 |'''Goals''' |Colodrovschi, Georgescu 3 |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |1 August 2024 10:30 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOMTEAM7-------------GPA-000700--.pdf Report]</small> |'''Greece''' |'''13'''–11 |United States | rowspan="3" |Paris Aquatic Centre, Paris '''Referees:''' David Gómez (ESP), Sébastien Dervieux (FRA) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' 4–4, '''3'''–2, '''4'''–3, 2–2 |- |Argyropoulos 4 |'''Goals''' |Bowen, Irving 2 |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |3 August 2024 16:35 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOMTEAM7-------------GPA-001100--.pdf Report]</small> |Montenegro |7–'''12''' | '''United States''' | rowspan="3" |Paris Aquatic Centre, Paris '''Referees:''' Frank Ohme (GER), Zhang Liang (CHN) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' 1–'''4''', 1–'''3''', '''4'''–3, 1–'''2''' |- |Đurđić 3 |'''Goals''' |Daube 5 |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |5 August 2024 18:30 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOMTEAM7-------------GPA-001400--.pdf Report]</small> |Croatia |11–'''14''' | '''United States''' | rowspan="3" |Paris La Défense Arena, Paris '''Referees:''' Sébastien Dervieux (FRA), Frank Ohme (GER) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' 2–'''5''', 3–'''5''', '''2'''–1, '''4'''–3 |- |Kharkov 5 |'''Goals''' |Daube, Irving 3 |} '''Quarterfinal''' {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |7 August 2024 19:00 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOMTEAM7-------------QFNL000200--.pdf Report]</small> |'''United States''' |'''11'''–10 |Australia | rowspan="3" |Paris La Défense Arena, Paris '''Referees:''' Rafaele Colombo (ITA), Sébastien Dervieux (FRA) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' 1–'''3''', 2–2, '''2'''–0, 2–2  '''PSO:''' '''4'''–3 |- |Bowen, Daube 2 |'''Goals''' |Pavillard 4 |} '''Semifinal''' {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |9 August 2024 14:35 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOMTEAM7-------------SFNL000100--.pdf Report]</small> |'''Serbia''' |'''10'''–6 |United States | rowspan="3" |Paris La Défense Arena, Paris '''Referees:''' Georgios Stavridis (GRE), Rafaele Colombo (ITA) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' 2–2, '''4'''–2, 2–2, '''2'''–0 |- |Dedović 4 |'''Goals''' |Vavic 2 |} '''Bronze medal game''' {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |11 August 2024 10:35 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOMTEAM7-------------FNL-000200--.pdf Report]</small> |'''United States''' |'''11'''–8 |Hungary | rowspan="3" |Paris La Défense Arena, Paris '''Referees:''' Sébastien Dervieux (FRA), David Gómez (ESP) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' '''3'''–2, 1–1, 2–2, 2–'''3'''  '''PSO:''' '''3'''–0 |- |Hallock 2 |'''Goals''' |Varga, Zalánki 2 |} === Women's tournament === De United States women's water polo team qualify for de Olympics after dem win de gold medal at de 2023 Pan American Games insyd Santiago, Chile.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":12" /> '''Team roster''' Na dem announce de squad for 30 May 2024.<ref>[https://usawaterpolo.org/news/2024/5/30/womens-senior-national-team-usa-water-polo-announces-2024-us-olympic-womens-water-polo-team.aspx "USA Water Polo Announces 2024 U.S. Olympic Women's Water Polo Team"]. USA Water Polo. May 30, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240530201759/https://usawaterpolo.org/news/2024/5/30/womens-senior-national-team-usa-water-polo-announces-2024-us-olympic-womens-water-polo-team.aspx Archived] from the original on May 30, 2024. Retrieved May 30, 2024.</ref> Head coach: Adam Krikorian<ref>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C33_WPOWTEAM7-------------------------WPOWTEAM7---USA01.pdf "Team roster: United States"] (PDF). Olympics.com. July 26, 2024. Retrieved July 26, 2024.</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ !<abbr>No.</abbr> !Player !<abbr>Pos.</abbr> !<abbr>L/R</abbr> !Height !Weight !Date of birth (age) !<abbr>Apps</abbr> !<abbr>OG</abbr>/ <abbr>Goals</abbr> !Club !<abbr>Ref</abbr> |- |1 |Ashleigh Johnson |<abbr>GK</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) |81 kg (179 lb) |12 September 1994 (aged 29) | | |NYAC | |- |2 |Maddie Musselman |<abbr>AT</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) |65 kg (143 lb) |16 June 1998 (aged 26) | | |NYAC | |- |3 |Tara Prentice |<abbr>CF</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) | |20 December 1997 (aged 26) | | |NYAC | |- |4 |Rachel Fattal |<abbr>AT</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) |65 kg (143 lb) |10 December 1993 (aged 30) | | |NYAC | |- |5 |Jenna Flynn |<abbr>D</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) | |11 June 2004 (aged 20) | | |NYAC | |- |6 |Maggie Steffens (C) |<abbr>AT</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) |74 kg (163 lb) |4 June 1993 (aged 31) | | |NYAC | |- |7 |Jordan Raney |<abbr>DF</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) | |2 June 1996 (aged 28) | | |NYAC | |- |8 |Ryann Neushul |<abbr>AT</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.71 m (5 ft 7 in) | |30 December 1999 (aged 24) | | |NYAC | |- |9 |Jewel Roemer |<abbr>D</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.67 m (5 ft 6 in) | |8 February 2002 (aged 22) | | |680 Water Polo | |- |10 |Kaleigh Gilchrist |<abbr>AT</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) |77 kg (170 lb) |16 May 1992 (aged 32) | | |NYAC | |- |11 |Emily Ausmus |<abbr>AT</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) | |12 December 2005 (aged 18) | | |NYAC | |- |12 |Jovana Sekulic |<abbr>CF</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) | |7 November 2002 (aged 21) | | |NYAC | |- |13 |Amanda Longan |<abbr>GK</abbr> |<abbr>R</abbr> |1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) | |16 January 1997 (aged 27) | | |NYAC | |} '''Group play''' {| class="wikitable" !<abbr>Pos</abbr> !Team !<abbr>Pld</abbr> !<abbr>W</abbr> !<abbr>PSW</abbr> !<abbr>PSL</abbr> !<abbr>L</abbr> !<abbr>GF</abbr> !<abbr>GA</abbr> !<abbr>GD</abbr> !<abbr>Pts</abbr> !Qualification |- |1 !Spain |4 |4 |0 |0 |0 |51 |36 | +15 |12 | rowspan="4" |Quarterfinals |- |2 !United States |4 |3 |0 |0 |1 |53 |27 | +26 |9 |- |3 !Italy |4 |1 |0 |0 |3 |34 |40 |−6 |3 |- |4 !Greece |4 |1 |0 |0 |3 |33 |41 |−8 |3 |- |5 !France '''(H)''' |4 |1 |0 |0 |3 |24 |51 |−27 |3 | rowspan="1" | |} Source: [https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C76_WPOWTEAM7-------------------------.pdf Olympics] Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Head-to-head points; 3) Head-to-head goal difference; 4) Head-to-head goals dem score; 5) Goal difference. '''(H)''' Host Notes: # ^ Jump up to:^'''''a''''' ^'''''b''''' ^'''''c''''' Greece 3 Pts, +3 GD; Italy 3 Pts, +3 GD; France 3 Pts, −6 GD. Italy rank above Greece secof dem score more goals. {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |27 July 2024 15:35 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOWTEAM7-------------GPB-000100--.pdf Report]</small> |Greece |6–'''15''' | '''United States''' | rowspan="3" |Paris Aquatic Centre, Paris '''Referees:''' Nóra Debreceni (HUN), Frank Ohme (GER) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' 0–'''3''', 2–'''6''', 2–'''3''', 2–'''3''' |- |''six players'' 1 |'''Goals''' |Flynn 4 |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |29 July 2024 15:35 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOWTEAM7-------------GPB-000400--.pdf Report]</small> |United States |11–'''13''' | '''Spain''' | rowspan="3" |Paris Aquatic Centre, Paris '''Referees:''' Adrian Alexandrescu (ROU), Andrej Franulović (CRO) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' '''3'''–2, 2–'''4''', 4–'''5''', 2–2 |- |Raney 2 |'''Goals''' |Ortiz 5 |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |31 July 2024 18:30 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOWTEAM7-------------GPB-000500--.pdf Report]</small> |Italy |3–'''10''' | '''United States''' | rowspan="3" |Paris Aquatic Centre, Paris '''Referees:''' Hélène Painchaud (CAN), Vojin Putniković (SRB) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' 1–'''3''', 1–'''3''', 0–'''2''', 1–'''2''' |- |Marletta 2 |'''Goals''' |Musselman 3 |} ---- {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |2 August 2024 18:30 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOWTEAM7-------------GPB-000800--.pdf Report]</small> |'''United States''' |'''17'''–5 |France | rowspan="3" |Paris Aquatic Centre, Paris '''Referees:''' Veselin Mišković (MNE), Nicholas Hodgers (AUS) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' '''3'''–1, '''4'''–2, '''6'''–2, '''4'''–0 |- |Musselman 4 |'''Goals''' |Hertzka 2 |} '''Quarterfinal''' {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |6 August 2024 20:35 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOWTEAM7-------------QFNL000200--.pdf Report]</small> |Hungary |4–'''5''' | '''United States''' | rowspan="3" |Paris La Défense Arena, Paris '''Referees:''' Vojin Putniković (SRB), Zhang Liang (CHN) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' '''2'''–1, 0–'''2''', '''2'''–1, 0–'''1''' |- |''four players'' 1 |'''Goals''' |Steffens 2 |} '''Semifinal''' {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |8 August 2024 19:35 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOWTEAM7-------------SFNL000100--.pdf Report]</small> |'''Australia''' |'''14'''–13 |United States | rowspan="3" |Paris La Défense Arena, Paris '''Referees:''' Georgios Stavridis (GRE), Tamás Kovács (HUN) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' 1–'''2''', 1–'''3''', '''4'''–2, '''2'''–1  '''PSO:''' '''6'''–5 |- |Andrews 4 |'''Goals''' |Flynn, Musselman 2 |} '''Bronze medal game''' {| class="wikitable" | rowspan="3" |10 August 2024 10:35 v | rowspan="3" |<small>[https://olympics.com/OG2024/pdf/OG2024/WPO/OG2024_WPO_C73_WPOWTEAM7-------------FNL-000200--.pdf Report]</small> |United States |10–'''11''' | '''Netherlands''' | rowspan="3" |Paris La Défense Arena, Paris '''Referees:''' Marta Cabañas (ESP), Rafaele Colombo (ITA) |- | colspan="3" |'''Score by quarters:''' '''3'''–2, '''4'''–1, 2–'''3''', 1–'''5''' |- |''three players'' 2 |'''Goals''' |Van der Sloot 6 |} == Weightlifting == De United States qualify five weightlifters into de Olympic competition. Hampton Morris (men's 61 kg), Wesley Kitts (men's 102 kg), Jourdan Delacruz (women's 49 kg), Olivia Reeves (women's 71 kg), den Mary Theisen-Lappen (women's +81 kg) secure one of de top ten slots, each insyd dema respective weight division base for de International Weightlifting Federation (IWF) Olympic Qualification Rankings top.<ref>Meng, Licheng (December 21, 2022). [https://olympics.com/en/news/pathway-to-paris-2024-weightlifting-qualification-system-explained "How to qualify for weightlifting at Paris 2024. The Olympics qualification system explained"]. International Olympic Committee. [https://web.archive.org/web/20230708142133/https://olympics.com/en/news/pathway-to-paris-2024-weightlifting-qualification-system-explained Archived] from the original on July 8, 2023. Retrieved December 27, 2022.</ref> {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event ! colspan="2" |Snatch ! colspan="2" |Clean & Jerk ! rowspan="2" |Total ! rowspan="2" |Rank |- !Result !Rank !Result !Rank |- |'''Hampton Morris''' |Men's –61 kg |126 |5 |172 |1 |298 |3 |- |Wesley Kitts |Men's −102 kg |172 |9 |202 |8 |374 |8 |- |Jourdan Delacruz |Women's −49 kg |84 |7 |111 |5 |195 |5 |- |'''Olivia Reeves''' |Women's −71 kg |117 '''OR''' |1 |145 |1 |262 |1 |- |Mary Theisen-Lappen |Women's +81 kg |119 |6 |155 |5 |274 |5 |} == Wrestling == Na dem name de final roster for April 20, 2024 base for de results of de Olympic Trials top, dem hold at de Bryce Jordan Center at Penn State insyd State College, Pennsylvania for April 19–20, 2024.<ref>[https://www.themat.com/news/2024/march/18/2024-u-s-olympic-team-trials-wrestling-schedule-finalized-new-information-on-single-session-tickets-and-parking "2024 U.S. Olympic Team Trials – Wrestling schedule finalized; new information on single-session tickets and parking"]. USA Wrestling. March 18, 2024. Retrieved March 18, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.themat.com/news/2024/april/20/joe-rau-breaks-through-to-officially-make-u-s-olympic-team "Joe Rau breaks through to officially make U.S. Olympic Team"]. USA Wrestling. April 20, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240421071914/https://www.themat.com/news/2024/april/20/joe-rau-breaks-through-to-officially-make-u-s-olympic-team Archived] from the original on April 21, 2024. Retrieved April 20, 2024.</ref> De team dey feature 2016 Olympic champion Kyle Snyder den two-time World Champion 20-year-old Amit Elor.<ref>[https://www.themat.com/news/2024/april/20/snyder-joins-rare-wrestling-air-as-three-time-olympian-and-10-time-world-and-olympic-team-member "Snyder joins rare wrestling air as three-time Olympian and 10-time world and Olympic team member"]. USA Wrestling. April 20, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240421064527/https://www.themat.com/news/2024/april/20/snyder-joins-rare-wrestling-air-as-three-time-olympian-and-10-time-world-and-olympic-team-member Archived] from the original on April 21, 2024. Retrieved April 20, 2024.</ref><ref>[https://www.themat.com/news/2024/april/20/women-s-freestyle-after-winning-eight-world-titles-u-s-phenom-amit-elor-qualifies-for-first-olympic-team "U.S. phenom Amit Elor qualifies for first Olympic team after winning eight world titles"]. USA Wrestling. April 20, 2024. [https://web.archive.org/web/20240421064959/https://www.themat.com/news/2024/april/20/women-s-freestyle-after-winning-eight-world-titles-u-s-phenom-amit-elor-qualifies-for-first-olympic-team Archived] from the original on April 21, 2024. Retrieved April 20, 2024.</ref> '''Key''': * VT (ranking points: 5–0 anaa 0–5) – Victory by fall. * VB (ranking points: 5–0 anaa 0–5) – Victory by injury (VF for forfeit, VA for withdrawal anaa disqualification) * PP (ranking points: 3–1 anaa 1–3) – Decision by points – de loser plus technical points. * PO (ranking points: 3–0 anaa 0–3) – Decision by points – de loser widout technical points. * ST (ranking points: 4–0 anaa 0–4) – Great superiority – de loser widout technical points den margin of victory of at least 8 (Greco-Roman) anaa 10 (freestyle) points. * SP (ranking points: 4–1 anaa 1–4) – Technical superiority – de loser plus technical points den margin of victory of at least 8 (Greco-Roman) anaa 10 (freestyle) points. '''Men''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event !Round of 16 !Quarterfinal !Semifinal !Repechage ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Rank |- |'''Spencer Lee''' |Freestyle 57 kg |Zou (CHN) '''W''' 3–1^PP |Almaz Uulu (KGZ) '''W''' 4–1^SP |Abdullaev (UZB) '''W''' 4–1^SP |Bye |Higuchi (JPN) '''L''' 1–3^PP |2 |- |Zain Retherford |Freestyle 65 kg |Amouzad (IRI) '''L''' 0–3^PO | colspan="2" |He no advance |Dudaev (ALB) '''L''' 0–5^VB |He no advance |8 |- |'''Kyle Dake''' |Freestyle 74 kg |Montero (VEN) '''W''' 4–0ST |Emami (IRI) '''W''' 5–0^VT |Takatani (JPN) '''L''' 1–3^PP |Bye |''Bronze medal match'' Tsabolov (SRB) '''W''' 10–4^PO |3 |- |'''Aaron Brooks''' |Freestyle 86 kg |Dauletbekov (KAZ) '''W''' 3–1^PP |Ishiguro (JPN) '''W''' 4–1^SP |Ramazanov (BUL) '''L''' 1–3^PP |Bye |''Bronze medal match'' Shapiev (UZB) '''W''' 3–0^PO |3 |- |Kyle Snyder |Freestyle 97 kg |Awusayiman (CHN) '''W''' 3–1^PP |Silot (CUB) '''W''' 5–0^VT |Tazhudinov (BRN) '''L''' 1–3^PP |Bye |''Bronze medal match'' Azarpira (IRI) '''L''' 1–3^PP |T5 |- |Mason Parris |Freestyle 125 kg |Mönkhtöriin (MGL) '''L''' 1–3^PP | colspan="4" |He no advance |10 |- |Kamal Bey |Greco-Roman 77 kg |Makhmudov (KGZ) '''L''' 1–3^PP | colspan="4" |He no advance |11 |- |Payton Jacobson |Greco-Roman 87 kg |Komarov (SRB) '''L''' 0–4ST | colspan="4" |He no advance |16 |- |Josef Rau |Greco-Roman 97 kg |Saravi (IRI) '''L''' 1–4^SP | colspan="2" |He no advance |Dzhuzupbekov (KGZ) '''L''' 1–3^PP |He no advance |9 |- |Adam Coon |Greco-Roman 130 kg |Mirzazadeh (IRI) '''L''' 1–3^PP | colspan="4" |He no advance |12 |} '''Women''' {| class="wikitable" ! rowspan="2" |Athlete ! rowspan="2" |Event !Round of 16 !Quarterfinal !Semifinal !Repechage ! colspan="2" |Final / <abbr>BM</abbr> |- !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Opposition Result !Rank |- |'''Sarah Hildebrandt''' |50 kg |Doudou (ALG) '''W''' 4–0ST |Feng (CHN) '''W''' 3–1^PP |Otgonjargal (MGL) '''W''' 3–0^PO |Bye |Guzmán (CUB) '''W''' 3–0^PO |1 |- |Dominique Parrish |53 kg |Fujinami (JPN) '''L''' 0–5^VT | colspan="2" |She no advance |Khulan (MGL) '''L''' 0–5^VT |She no advance |11 |- |'''Helen Maroulis''' |57 kg |Malik (IND) '''W''' 3–1^PP |Akobiia (UKR) '''W''' 3–1^PP |Sakurai (JPN) '''L''' 1–3^PP |Bye |''Bronze medal match'' Taylor (CAN) '''W''' 5–0^VT |3 |- |Kayla Miracle |62 kg |Bas (TUR) '''W''' 4–1^SP |Tynybekova (KGZ) '''L''' 1–3^PP | colspan="3" |She no advance |7 |- |'''Amit Elor''' |68 kg |Tosun (TUR) '''W''' 3–1^PP |Chołuj (POL) '''W''' 3–0^PO |Pak (PRK) '''W''' 4–0ST |Bye |Zhumanazarova (KGZ) '''W''' 3–0^PO |1 |- |'''Kennedy Blades''' |76 kg |Axente (ROM) '''W''' 4–0ST |Marín (CUB) '''W''' 4–3^PP |Medet Kyzy (KGZ) '''W''' 3–1^PP |Bye |Kagami (JPN) '''L''' 1–3^PP |2 |} ==External links== Wikimedia Commons get media wey relate to '''''[[commons:Category:United_States_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics|United States at the 2024 Summer Olympics]]'''''. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160807063945/http://www.teamusa.org/ Team USA Official Website] * [http://www.nbcolympics.com/ NBC Olympics] == References == <references /> [[Category:Nations at de 2024 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:United States at de Summer Olympics by year]] [[Category:2024 insyd American sports]] robdbnlukogwo9sfcqw00iu5vb2w8gp 0 9667 112534 108508 2026-09-25T02:18:13Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112534 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''OpenStreetMap''' (abbreviated '''OSM''') be website wey dey use an open geographic database wich dem dey update den maintain by a community of volunteers via open collaboration. Contributors dey collect data from surveys, trace from aerial photo imagery anaa satellite imagery, wey sanso dey import from oda freely licensed geodata sources. == Read further == * {{Cite book|title=OpenStreetMap: Be Your Own Cartographer|url=https://archive.org/details/openstreetmapbey0000benn|last=Bennett|first=Jonathan|year=2010|publisher=Packt Publishing|isbn=978-1-84719-750-4}} * {{Cite book|title=OpenStreetMap: Using and Enhancing the Free Map of the World|last1=Ramm|first1=Frederik|last2=Topf|first2=Jochen|last3=Chilton|first3=Steve|edition=1st|date=September 2010|publisher=UIT Cambridge|isbn=978-1-906860-11-0|url=http://openstreetmap.info/}} * {{cite report|title=Navigating OpenStreetMap: how to make the most of an increasingly valuable mapping asset|first1=Robin|last1=Murdoch|first2=Christian|last2=Kelly|first3=Matthew|last3=Quinlan|first4=Jubal|last4=Harpster|publisher=Accenture|location=Dublin|date=2020|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117130018/https://www.accenture.com/_acnmedia/PDF-126/Accenture-Navigating-OpenStreetMap.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117130018/https://web.archive.org/web/20201117130018/https://www.accenture.com/_acnmedia/PDF-126/Accenture-Navigating-OpenStreetMap.pdf|archivedate=November 17, 2020}} == External links == {{sister project links|d=Q936|commons=category:OpenStreetMap|b=no|v=no|voy=Wikivoyage:Cooperating with OpenStreetMap|mw=Maps|m=OpenStreetMap|species=no|n=no|s=Category:OpenStreetMap|wikt=no|q=no}} * [https://www.openstreetmap.org/ Official website] [[Category:OpenStreetMap]] 7a825k89or4c8cm3vaza5sru24de7l6 0 9681 112492 41696 2026-09-25T01:12:08Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112492 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''International Standard Book Number''' ('''ISBN''') be numeric commercial book identifier wey dem dey intend am make e be unique.<ref>Occasionally, publishers erroneously assign an ISBN to more than one title—the first edition of ''The Ultimate Alphabet'' and ''The Ultimate Alphabet Workbook'' have the same ISBN, 0-8050-0076-3. Conversely, the same book can be published with several ISBNs: A German second-language edition of ''Emil und die Detektive'' has the ISBNs 87-23-90157-8 (Denmark), 0-8219-1069-8 (United States), 91-21-15628-X (Sweden), 0-85048-548-7 (United Kingdom) and 3-12-675495-3 (Germany).</ref><ref>In some cases, books sold only as a set share the same ISBN. For example, the Vance Integral Edition used only two ISBNs for 44 books.</ref> Publishers dey purchase anaa receive ISBNs from an affiliate of de International ISBN Agency.<ref>[https://www.isbn-international.org/ "The International ISBN Agency"]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180224032510/https://www.isbn-international.org/ Archived] from the original on 24 February 2018. Retrieved 20 February 2018.</ref> ===Issuing process === A full directory of ISBN agencies be available for de International ISBN Agency website top.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.isbn-international.org/agencies|title=Find an agency |website=International ISBN Agency |access-date=6 April 2018|archive-date=20 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200420020626/https://www.isbn-international.org/agencies|url-status=live}}</ref> A list for a few countries be given below: * Australia – Thorpe-Bowker<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.myidentifiers.com.au/isbn/US_isbn_agency|title=About the Australian ISBN Agency|publisher=THORPE-Bowker &#124; Identifier Services|access-date=23 January 2016|archive-date=16 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200416201605/https://www.myidentifiers.com.au/isbn/US_isbn_agency|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = ISBN| publisher = Thorpe-Bowker Identifier Services | url = https://www.myidentifiers.com.au/isbn/main| access-date = 29 March 2012| archive-date = 2 April 2019| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190402074747/https://www.myidentifiers.com.au/isbn/main| url-status = live}}</ref> * Brazil – De National Library of Brazil;<ref name="ISBN BR OLD">{{cite web|title=Tabela de preços dos serviços|trans-title=Table of service prices|url=http://www.isbn.bn.br/website/tabela-de-precos|url-status=dead|access-date=8 September 2015|publisher=Biblioteca Nacional do Brasil|language=pt|archive-date=18 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018035854/http://www.isbn.bn.br/website/tabela-de-precos}}</ref> (Up to 28 February 2020)<ref name="isbn-international.org">{{cite web|title=Changes in arrangements for ISBN in Brazil|url=https://www.isbn-international.org/content/changes-arrangements-isbn-brazil/333|url-status=live|access-date=20 January 2020|archive-date=28 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028220210/https://www.isbn-international.org/content/changes-arrangements-isbn-brazil/333}}</ref> * Brazil – Câmara Brasileira do Livro<ref name="ISBN BR">{{cite web|url=http://www.isbn.org.br/|title=ISBN Brasil|language=pt|access-date=20 January 2020|archive-date=8 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200508084634/https://servicos.cbl.org.br/isbn/|url-status=live}}</ref> (From 1 March 2020)<ref name="isbn-international.org"/> * [[Canada]] – English Library and Archives Canada, a government agency; French {{Lang|fr|Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec|italic=no}}; * Colombia – Cámara Colombiana del Libro, an NGO * Hong Kong – Books Registration Office (BRO), under de Hong Kong Public Libraries<ref>{{cite web|title=Introduction to Books Registration|url=https://www.hkpl.gov.hk/en/about-us/services/book-registration/introduction.html|publisher=Hong Kong Public Libraries|access-date=12 January 2017|archive-date=20 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200420065651/https://www.hkpl.gov.hk/en/about-us/services/book-registration/introduction.html|url-status=live}}</ref> * Iceland – Landsbókasafn (National and University Library of Iceland) * India – De Raja Rammohun Roy National Agency for ISBN (Book Promotion and Copyright Division), under Department of Higher Education, a constituent of de Ministry of Human Resource Development<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=138686|title=Union HRD Minister Smt. Smriti Zubin Irani Launches ISBN Portal|date=7 April 2016|publisher=Ministry of Human Resource Development|access-date=16 June 2016|archive-date=26 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626201908/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=138686|url-status=live}}</ref> * Israel – De Israel Center for Libraries<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icl.org.il/isbn-eng|title=What is an ISBN ?|date=7 April 2015|website=ICL – מרכז הספר והספריות|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232205/https://www.icl.org.il/isbn-eng|url-status=live}}</ref> * Italy – ''EDISER srl'', own by ''Associazione Italiana Editori'' (Italian Publishers Association)<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.isbn.it/LAGENZIA.aspx | title = ISBN – Chi siamo e contatti | publisher = EDISER srl | access-date = 3 January 2015 | language = it | trans-title = ISBN – Who we are and contacts | archive-date = 24 May 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170524222541/http://www.isbn.it/LAGENZIA.aspx | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="ediser-tariffs">{{cite web|title=ISBN – Tariffe Servizi ISBN|trans-title=ISBN Service Tariffs|url=https://www.isbn.it/TARIFFE.aspx|url-status=live|access-date=3 January 2015|publisher=EDISER srl|language=it|archive-date=3 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150103161540/http://www.isbn.it/TARIFFE.aspx}}</ref> * [[Kenya]] – National Library of Kenya * Latvia - Latvian ISBN Agency * Lebanon – Lebanese ISBN Agency * Maldives – De National Bureau of Classification (NBC) * Malta – De National Book Council (Maltese: ''Il-Kunsill Nazzjonali tal-Ktieb'')<ref>{{cite web|title=ISBN|url=http://ktieb.org.mt/?page_id=22|date=2016|publisher=Kunsill Nazzjonali tal-Ktieb|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161023123140/http://ktieb.org.mt/?page_id=22|archive-date=23 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Manwal ghall-Utenti tal-ISBN|url=http://ktieb.org.mt/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Manwal-ghall-Utenti-tal-ISBN-Maltese.pdf|publisher=Kunsill Nazzjonali tal-Ktieb|language=mt|location=Malta|edition=6th|date=2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817083617/http://ktieb.org.mt/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Manwal-ghall-Utenti-tal-ISBN|archive-date=17 August 2016|pages=1–40|isbn=978-99957-889-4-0|access-date=14 November 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Gazzetta tal-Gvern ta' Malta|url=https://govcms.gov.mt/en/Government/Government%20Gazette/Documents/2015/01/Government%20Gazette%20-%2023%20January.pdf|publisher=Government Gazette|date=23 January 2015|page=582|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123220053/https://govcms.gov.mt/en/Government/Government%20Gazette/Documents/2015/01/Government%20Gazette%20-%2023%20January.pdf|archive-date=23 November 2016}}</ref> * [[Morocco]] – De National Library of Morocco * New Zealand – De National Library of New Zealand<ref name="NLNZ">{{cite web|title=ISBNs, ISSNs, and ISMNs|url=http://natlib.govt.nz/publishers-and-authors/isbns-issns-and-ismns|publisher=National Library of New Zealand|access-date=19 January 2016|archive-date=23 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200423113348/https://natlib.govt.nz/publishers-and-authors/isbns-issns-and-ismns|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[Nigeria]] – National Library of Nigeria * Pakistan – National Library of Pakistan * Philippines – National Library of the Philippines<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.nlp.gov.ph/nlp/?q=node%2F645|title=International Standard Book Number|publisher=National Library of the Philippines|access-date=25 December 2017|archive-date=19 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200419212749/http://web.nlp.gov.ph/nlp/?q=node%2F645|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[South Africa]] – National Library of South Africa * Spain – [https://www.agenciaisbn.es/ Spanish ISBN Agency – Agencia del ISBN] * Turkey – General Directorate of Libraries and Publications, a branch of de Ministry of Culture<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ekygm.gov.tr/isbn.html|title=ISBN – Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Kütüphaneler ve Yayımlar Genel Müdürlüğü OS|website=ekygm.gov.tr|access-date=29 March 2018|archive-date=19 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200419234147/http://ekygm.gov.tr/isbn.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * [[United Kingdom]] den Republic of Ireland – ''Nielsen Book Services Ltd'', part of NIQ<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.nielsenisbnstore.com/ | title = Nielsen UK ISBN Agency | publisher = Nielsen UK ISBN Agency | access-date = 2 January 2015 | archive-date = 29 October 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191029082349/http://www.nielsenisbnstore.com/ | url-status = live }}</ref> * [[United States]] – R. R. Bowker<ref>''[http://ktieb.org.mt/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Manwal-ghall-Utenti-tal-ISBN-Maltese.pdf Manwal ghall-Utenti tal-ISBN]'' (PDF) (in Maltese) (6th ed.). Malta: Kunsill Nazzjonali tal-Ktieb. 2016. p. 5. ISBN <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-99957-889-4-0|978-99957-889-4-0]]</bdi>. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160817083617/http://ktieb.org.mt/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Manwal-ghall-Utenti-tal-ISBN Archived] from the original on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 14 November 2016.</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Bowker – ISBN| date = 8 March 2013| publisher = R. R. Bowker| url = http://www.bowker.com/en-US/products/servident_isbn.shtml| access-date = 8 March 2013| archive-date = 31 March 2015| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150331032631/http://www.bowker.com/en-US/products/servident_isbn.shtml| url-status = live}}</ref> === Registrant element === {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; max-width:40em;" |- ! ISBN || Country or area || Publisher |- | <code>99921-58-10-7</code><!--ISBN 978-99921-58-10-4--> || Qatar || NCCAH, Doha |- | <code>9971-5-0210-0</code><!--ISBN 978-9971-5-0210-2--> || Singapore || World Scientific |- | <code>960-425-059-0</code><!--ISBN 978-960-425-059-2--> || Greece || Sigma Publications |- | <code>80-902734-1-6</code><!--ISBN 978-80-902734-1-2--> || Czech Republic; Slovakia || Taita Publishers |- | <code>85-359-0277-5</code><!--ISBN 978-80-902734-1-2--> || Brazil || Companhia das Letras |- | <code>1-84356-028-3</code><!--ISBN 978-0-14-015098-8--> || English-speaking area || Simon Wallenberg Press |- | <code>0-684-84328-5</code><!--ISBN 978-0-684-84328-5--> || English-speaking area || Scribner |- | <code>0-8044-2957-X</code><!--ISBN 978-0-8044-2957-3--> || English-speaking area || Frederick Ungar |- | <code>0-85131-041-9</code><!--ISBN 978-0-85131-041-1--> || English-speaking area || J. A. Allen & Co. |- | <code>93-86954-21-4</code><!--ISBN 978-93-86954-21-3--> || English-speaking area || Edupedia Publications Pvt Ltd. |- | <code>0-943396-04-2</code><!--ISBN 978-0-943396-04-0--> || English-speaking area || Willmann–Bell |- | <code>0-9752298-0-X</code><!--ISBN 978-0-9752298-0-4--> || English-speaking area || KT Publishing |} ==== English-language pattern <span class="anchor" id="Pattern for English language ISBNs"></span> ==== English-language registration group elements be 0 den 1 (2 of more dan 220 registration group elements). Dem divide dese two registration group elements into registrant elements insyd a systematic pattern, wich dey allow make dem determine dema length, as follows:<ref>[https://www.isbn-international.org/range_file_generation "ISBN Ranges"]. International ISBN Agency. 2014. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140429101326/https://www.isbn-international.org/range_file_generation Archived] from the original on 29 April 2014. Retrieved 29 April 2014.</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;" |- ! rowspan="2" | Publication<br />element length ! colspan="3" | 0 – Registration group element ! colspan="3" | 1 – Registration group element ! rowspan="2" | Total<br />Registrants |- ! From !! To !! Registrants !! From !! To !! Registrants |- ! 6 digits | style="font-family:monospace;" | 0-00-xxxxxx-x | style="font-family:monospace;" | 0-19-xxxxxx-x | 20 | style="font-family:monospace;" | 1-01-xxxxxx-x<br />1-05-xxxxxx-x | style="font-family:monospace;" | 1-02-xxxxxx-x<br />1-05-xxxxxx-x | 3 | 23 |- ! 5 digits | style="font-family:monospace;" | 0-200-xxxxx-x<br />0-229-xxxxx-x<br />0-370-xxxxx-x<br />0-640-xxxxx-x<br />0-646-xxxxx-x<br />0-649-xxxxx-x<br />0-656-xxxxx-x | style="font-family:monospace;" | 0-227-xxxxx-x<br />0-368-xxxxx-x<br />0-638-xxxxx-x<br />0-644-xxxxx-x<br />0-647-xxxxx-x<br />0-654-xxxxx-x<br />0-699-xxxxx-x | 494 | style="font-family:monospace;" | 1-000-xxxxx-x<br />1-030-xxxxx-x<br />1-040-xxxxx-x<br />1-100-xxxxx-x<br />1-714-xxxxx-x | style="font-family:monospace;" | 1-009-xxxxx-x<br />1-034-xxxxx-x<br />1-049-xxxxx-x<br />1-397-xxxxx-x<br />1-716-xxxxx-x | 326 | 820 |- ! 4 digits | style="font-family:monospace;" | 0-2280-xxxx-x<br />0-3690-xxxx-x<br />0-6390-xxxx-x<br />0-6550-xxxx-x<br />0-7000-xxxx-x | style="font-family:monospace;" | 0-2289-xxxx-x<br />0-3699-xxxx-x<br />0-6397-xxxx-x<br />0-6559-xxxx-x<br />0-8499-xxxx-x | 1,538 | style="font-family:monospace;" | 1-0350-xxxx-x<br />1-0700-xxxx-x<br />1-3980-xxxx-x<br />1-6500-xxxx-x<br />1-6860-xxxx-x<br />1-7170-xxxx-x<br />1-7620-xxxx-x<br />1-7900-xxxx-x<br />1-8672-xxxx-x<br />1-9730-xxxx-x | style="font-family:monospace;" | 1-0399-xxxx-x<br />1-0999-xxxx-x<br />1-5499-xxxx-x<br />1-6799-xxxx-x<br />1-7139-xxxx-x<br />1-7319-xxxx-x<br />1-7634-xxxx-x<br />1-7999-xxxx-x<br />1-8675-xxxx-x<br />1-9877-xxxx-x | 2,867 | 4,405 |- ! 3 digits | style="font-family:monospace;" | 0-85000-xxx-x | style="font-family:monospace;" | 0-89999-xxx-x | 5,000 | style="font-family:monospace;" | 1-55000-xxx-x<br />1-68000-xxx-x<br />1-74000-xxx-x<br />1-76500-xxx-x<br />1-77540-xxx-x<br />1-77650-xxx-x<br />1-77830-xxx-x<br />1-80000-xxx-x<br />1-83850-xxx-x<br />1-86760-xxx-x | style="font-family:monospace;" | 1-64999-xxx-x<br />1-68599-xxx-x<br />1-76199-xxx-x<br />1-77499-xxx-x<br />1-77639-xxx-x<br />1-77699-xxx-x<br />1-78999-xxx-x<br />1-83799-xxx-x<br />1-86719-xxx-x<br />1-86979-xxx-x | 22,010 | 27,010 |- ! 2 digits | style="font-family:monospace;" | 0-900000-xx-x<br />0-900372-xx-x | style="font-family:monospace;" | 0-900370-xx-x<br />0-949999-xx-x | 49,999 | style="font-family:monospace;" | 1-869800-xx-x<br />1-916506-xx-x<br />1-916908-xx-x<br />1-919655-xx-x<br />1-987800-xx-x<br />1-991200-xx-x | style="font-family:monospace;" | 1-915999-xx-x<br />1-916869-xx-x<br />1-919599-xx-x<br />1-972999-xx-x<br />1-991149-xx-x<br />1-998989-xx-x | 113,741 | 163,740 |- ! 1 digit | style="font-family:monospace;" | 0-6398000-x-x<br />0-6450000-x-x<br />0-6480000-x-x<br />0-9003710-x-x<br />0-9500000-x-x | style="font-family:monospace;" | 0-6399999-x-x<br />0-6459999-x-x<br />0-6489999-x-x<br />0-9003719-x-x<br />0-9999999-x-x | 522,010 | style="font-family:monospace;" | 1-0670000-x-x<br />1-7320000-x-x<br />1-7635000-x-x<br />1-7750000-x-x<br />1-7764000-x-x<br />1-7770000-x-x<br />1-8380000-x-x<br />1-9160000-x-x<br />1-9168700-x-x<br />1-9196000-x-x<br />1-9911500-x-x<br />1-9989900-x-x | style="font-family:monospace;" | 1-0699999-x-x<br />1-7399999-x-x<br />1-7649999-x-x<br />1-7753999-x-x<br />1-7764999-x-x<br />1-7782999-x-x<br />1-8384999-x-x<br />1-9165059-x-x<br />1-9169079-x-x<br />1-9196549-x-x<br />1-9911999-x-x<br />1-9999999-x-x | 164,590 | 686,600 |- ! colspan="3" style="text-align:right;" | Total | 579,061 ! colspan="2" style="text-align:right;" | Total | 303,537 | 882,598 |} == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links|d=Q33057|mw=Manual:ISBN|species=no|voy=no|wikt=ISBN|n=no|q=no|s=no|b=no|v=no|c=Category:ISBN}} * [https://www.iso.org/standard/65483.html ISO 2108:2017 – International Standard Book Number (ISBN)] * [https://www.isbn-international.org/ International ISBN Agency]&nbsp;– coordinates and supervises the worldwide use of the ISBN system ** [https://www.isbn-international.org/range_file_generation Numerical List of Group Identifiers]&nbsp;– List of language/region prefixes ** [https://www.isbn.org/ISBN_converter Free conversion tool: ISBN-10 to ISBN-13 and ISBN-13 to ISBN-10] from the [http://www.isbn.org/ ISBN agency]. Also shows correct hyphenation and verifies if ISBNs are valid or not. * {{Cite web|title=Guidelines for the Implementation of 13-Digit ISBNs|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040912203458/http://www.isbn-international.org/en/download/implementation-guidelines-04.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040912203458/http://www.isbn-international.org/en/download/implementation-guidelines-04.pdf|archive-date=12 September 2004|df=dmy-all}} * RFC 3187&nbsp;– Using International Standard Book Numbers as Uniform Resource Names (URN) * [https://www.loc.gov/programs/preassigned-control-number/isbn-converter/ Worldwide Auto-Converter at Library of Congress] [[Category:International Standard Book Number]] [[Category:British inventions]] [[Category:Computer-related introductions insyd 1970]] [[Category:Irish inventions]] 1ram4k47kefecpmcwolv5k8atfhbbjy 0 10446 112533 44164 2026-09-25T02:15:43Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112533 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Olawunmi Banjo''' (den born an 31 July 1985) be Nigerian artist. She currently dey live den work for Lagos, insyd Nigeria. == Ein Life == Dem born am insyd Ogun. Olawumni Banjo study for Pan African University.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bajaartists.com/olawunmi-caroline-banjo/|title=Olawunmi Caroline Banjo|work=BajaArtists.com}}</ref> She deepen ein artistic knowledge for Aina Onabolu Modern Art insyd 2005, wey she dey start paint plus acrylic den oil insyd 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://digest.bellafricana.com/olawunmi-banjo-the-artist/|title=Meet Olawunmi Banjo "The Artist"|publisher=}}</ref> Ein works dey insyd pencil anaa charcoal wey she dey paint plus acrylic paint anaa oil painting for canvas top. Ein art be explanatory, metalinguistic function, edey speak give ein body, so say de public go fi grasp de meaning of de works den appreciate am. Ebe nature, menners wey dey surround am, past den present experiences den de works of oda artists, especially of de Renaissance masters wey dey inspire am. Recently, ebe de surrealist art movement wey dey strongly influence ein works. Olawumni sana be member of de African Artists' Foundation. == Ein Exhibitions == * 2010 - Organizzato ed esposto alla sezione femminile del Send forth Exhibition per ambasciatore degli Stati Uniti insyd Nigeria, il Dr. Robin Renee Sanders, presso il Nike Centre give Art den Culture, Lekki a Lagos. * 2010 - 50 @ 50: Nigerian Women, de Journey so far, insyd Abuja. L'evento è stato organizzato dalla Women for change Initiative. * 2009 Espone allo Ikoyi Club 1938 nella sezione "Art of Golf" organizzato da A.A.R.C. * 2009 - Espone al 2 ° Salone Annuale d'Arte "Fyne ArtDiction" Southern Sun Hotel Ikoyi, insyd Lagos. * 2009 - Espone Championship Cup, Ikoyi Club 1938, insyd Lagos. * 2009 - Esposto alla Fadan Fashion show, Lagos Civic Center. 2009. * 2008 - Espone al 17 ° “Nigeria 2008 Art show den Art competition “Nigerian(s) At Work” organizzato dall'African Art Resource Center (AARC). National Museum, Onikan, insyd Lagos. Vincendo il secondo posto * 2008 - Espone al "De Nigerian Cup" Golf Tournament, Ikoyi Club 1938, Golf Section.. * 2008 -Partecipa alla ” Annual Art Exhibition ITA Foundation “Serendipity” at de Didi Museum. Victoria Island, Lagos. * 2008 - Partecipa alla 4 ° posto alla Annual All Female Art Exhibition (Wiva Perspective), National Museum, Onikan insyd Lagos. 2008. * 2008 - partecipa 2 °Annual Art Exhibition “Beyond Imagination” Multimedia foundation of Artists. National Gallery of Art. Aina Onabolu Modern Art, Igamu insyd Lagos. * 2008 Partecipa al NAIJAZZ 2008 NAIJART Art Exhibition at Studio 868 Bishop Aboyade Cole. * 2008 - Espone Eden fashion show at Didi Museum. Victoria Island, Lagos. * 2008 - Espone al primo Art Expo Nigeria at the National Museum, Onikan Lagos. * 2008 - partecipa a un workshop di graffiti (Lagos on my mind), organizzato e sostenuto dalla African Artists Foundation den British council “WAPI” * 2008 - Partecipa a un workshop di graffiti alla 54 Raymond Njoku street Ikoyi; - Studio 868 Aboyade Cole; - 10th Lagos Book den Art Festival Exhibition at National Theatre, Iganmu, insyd Lagos. == References == [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:1985 births]] [[Category:Nigerian artists]] <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q3881476|c=no|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.olbanart.com/|title=Site official Olawunmi Banjo}} * {{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113082301/http://www.artflowmagazine.com/issues/issue-6--june-2011/olawunmi-banjo.html|title=Interview with Olawunmi Banjo|publisher=Artflow Magazine|access-date=2016-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120113082301/https://web.archive.org/web/20120113082301/http://www.artflowmagazine.com/issues/issue-6--june-2011/olawunmi-banjo.html|archive-date=2012-01-13|url-status=dead}} * [http://www.africanartswithtaj.blogspot.com/2014/10/olawunmi-banjo-shows-mind-revolution.html "Olawunmi Banjo shows 'Mind Revolution'"]. A-ARTs. on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2024 * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yT1_WEvN14A ART & LEISURE EP 36 - MIND REVOLUTION] , ''Art And Leisure Nigeria'' [[Category:Nigerian artists]] [[Category:Nigerian people]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:1985 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Nigerian women artists]] [[Category:Yoruba women artists]] [[Category:Yoruba artists]] [[Category:Pan-Atlantic University alumni]] [[Category:Artists wey komot Lagos]] [[Category:People wey komot Ogun State]] ne2pc9frppdek3vrucckign0yd7yx4s 0 10468 112504 80432 2026-09-25T01:27:11Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112504 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Khaled Habib El-Kebich''' (dem born am on January 24, 1970, insyd Tiaret, [[Algeria]]) he be Algerian film director, composer, singer-songwriter den actor. == Early life == He dey compose den perform genre of music wey be both traditional den modern. He develop ein personal musical mix insyd wey he dey blend different musical styles as well as music from all over de world den wey create exciting den unique musical style wey ebi both innovative den captivating. Ein music could be describe as having influences for funk, jazz, reggae, blues, soul, Latin rhythms as well as folk music from various corners of de world. De same wey edey apply to de mix of instruments plus everything wey dey range from traditional drums to electronic sounds-capes. == Career == Khaled El Kebich artistic field wey dey extend into de domains of composing music for films den theatre plays, such as La Celestina wey dey set up for de Royal Dramatic Theatre under de direction of Robert Lepage (1998), den de film Nattbok by Carl Henrik Svenstedt, "Vingar av glas" den "Cappricciosa" direct by Reza Bagher,"Huvudrollen" by Leyla Assaf-Tangroth. Foursan Al Hoggar direct by Kamal Laham produced by Samira Hadjdjilani/EPTV Algerian Television den de feature film "El Hanachia" by Boualem Aissaoui wey produce by CADC (Centre Algerian du development du cinema). From wild brash orchestral sounds to subliminal moody underscore den shimmering textures, Khaled El Kebich film-music den scoring bi contemporary plus emotional sounds-capes wey dey enhance a film work whilst adhering to a consistent musical personality. De fact dat ein style wey ein roots insyd Algerian music mixed plus variety of different musical directions partly sake of he rep am den perform am with a number of bands of different ethnic background, such as Down By Law from Italy, New Phases from [[South Africa]], Aquarius from France, Hada Raïna from Sweden, den others. He san participate for major European festivals such as: Falun Folkmusik Festival, Roskilde Festival, ArtGenda Festival, Stockholm Water Festival, Re:Orient Festival, Folk o Folk Festival, Verlden i Norden Festival, 550 Fatih Istanbul Festival den many others. == Discography == * Slaves of Freedom, ( Hada Raina) 1998 * Celestina, 2000 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140305033249/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/khaled-habib-live/id304347152 Khaled Habib Live], 2003 * The painted voice, Film-music 2004 * Nostalgia, 2004 * La Casbah De Brel ( Live) 2006 * Ultima Jam, 2007 == Filmography == * Knights of the Fantasia (2017)Documentary film * The Rug (2018)Art-movie == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://www.reverbnation.com/habibmusic Khaled Habib] on Reverb Nation * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050225053228/http://music.download.com/khaledhabib/3600-8811_32-100382676.html Khaled Habib] * [[imdbname:1097091|Khaled Habib]] at IMDb {{authority control}} [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:21st-century composers]] [[Category:21st-century Algerian male singers]] [[Category:20th-century composers]] [[Category:20th-century Algerian male singers]] [[Category:Male film score composers]] [[Category:Algerian contemporary artists]] [[Category:21st-century Algerian male actors]] [[Category:Algerian film directors]] [[Category:Algerian record producers]] [[Category:Algerian male television actors]] [[Category:Algerian artists]] [[Category:Algerian film score composers]] [[Category:1970 births]] [[Category:Algerian people]] [[Category:Human]] tp4vczacsm7hmrilbkaii05g3ch5xx8 0 11960 112520 47800 2026-09-25T01:55:26Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112520 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Monique Mbeka Phoba''' (born 1962) be a filmmaker wey ein family dey cam from de [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] (DRC) buh now she dey live insyd [[Benin]]. Ein films win a number of awards. == Birth den education == Na dem born Monique Mbeka Phoba insyd 1962 insyd Brussels, de daughter of a DRC diplomat. She visit de DRC during ein school holidays, buh na she establish einself insyd Belgium wen she age sixteen after ein poppie resign ein office. She study for de Saint-Louis High Business School, wey she obtain a degree insyd International Business insyd Brussels. Na ein graduating thesis be for "Cooperation between the European and African audiovisual industries" top.<ref name=":0">[http://www.africine.org/?menu=fiche&no=3265 "Phoba MBEKA Monique"]. ''Africine''. Retrieved 2012-03-18.</ref> While na she be a student, Monique Phoba give talks for African culture for a radio top for Student dem call Radio-Campus wey she wrep articles insyd chaw newspapers insyd Brussels den Geneva : Tam-Tam, Negrissimo den Regards Noirs. She attend insyd documentary workshop for de Ateliers Varan insyd Paris.<ref name=":0" /> == Career == Insyd 1991 Monique Mbeka Phoba make de film ''Revue en vrac'' (26 minutes) plus Fred Mongu, a journalist of Zaire national television (OZRT). Dis look for de birth of de independent den pluralistic press insyd de DRC. She then make a series of documentaries about Africa wey dey include ''Rentrer?'' (1993, 52 minutes), ''Deux petits tours et puis s'en vont'' (1997) about de presidential elections insyd Benin, ''Un rêve d'indépendance'' (1998, 53 minutes) about ein own grandpoppie under Belgian colonization den ''Sorcière, la vie'' (A Bewitched Life) (2004, 52 minutes).<ref name=":0" /> ''Rentrer?'' dey discuss de problem of brain drain. E receive de South / North prize of de European Council for ''Rencontres Media Nord/Sud'' insyd Geneva insyd 1996. Ein short film ''Une voix dans le Silence'' for 1996 dey tell of de struggle of Bruno Ediko, an HIV-positive Beninese. Ein fourth documentary ''Deux petits tours et puis s'en vont…'' (Two little turns and then go ..) na she co-direct am plus Emmanuel Kolawole. Benin, de laboratory of African democracy, be de theme of dis film wich na e win second prize for TV/Video documentary for FESPACO insyd March 1997. Insyd ein 1998 film ''Un rêve d'indépendance'' she dey portray 35 years of independence insyd de Democratic Republic of the Congo. Dis documentary receive de "Images of Women" award for de Vues d'Afrique Festival insyd Montreal insyd April 2000.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20100716181832/http://www.clapnoir.org/v1/portrait/monique_phoba.htm "Monique Mbeka Phoba"]. ''Clap Noir''. Archived from [http://www.clapnoir.org/v1/portrait/monique_phoba.htm the original] on 2010-07-16. Retrieved 2012-03-18.</ref> Insyd 2001 na dem release Monique Mbeka Phoba ein documentary ''Anna, l'Enchantée''. E dey tell of Anna Teko, a singer wey win a scholarship make he study music insyd France. She poorly prepare, Anna no last more dan three months. De documentary win de "Images of Women" prize for de Vues d'Afrique Festival insyd Montreal insyd April 2002.<ref name=":1" /> Ein 2006 ''Sorcière, la vie!'' dey show de life of an old man wey na he be a medical assistant under Belgian colonization, a doctor after independence, wey he then agree make he cam turn a customary judge after ein retirement. De film dey explore de prevalence of belief insyd witchcraft insyd de community thru cases dem bring before de old man.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://etudesafricaines.revues.org/9572|title=Mbeka Phoba, Monique. – Sorcière, la vie !|work=Cahiers d’Études africaines|accessdate=2012-03-18}}</ref> Insyd 2007 she plete a documentary for de Zaire national team, de Leopards, wich dem shine insyd de 1974 football World Cup. Na dis team be de first from sub-Saharan Africa team make e participate insyd a FIFA World Cup. ''Entre la coupe et l'élection'' (Between the cup and the election) na e be co-direct plus [[Guy Kabeya Muya]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110211035244/http://banamboka.com/2011/02/08/monique-mbeka-phoba-femme-engagee-cineaste-passionnee/ <nowiki>"Portait [sic] de Monique Mbeka Phoba, femme engagée et cinéaste passionnée"</nowiki>]. ''Bana Mboka''. Archived from [http://banamboka.com/2011/02/08/monique-mbeka-phoba-femme-engagee-cineaste-passionnee/ the original] on 2011-02-11. Retrieved 2012-03-18.</ref> From 1995 to 2007, Monique Mbeka Phoba live insyd Benin, were na she has work for production, distribution den promotion of African cinema She create de ''Lagunimages'' TV den documentary festival insyd 2000.<ref name=":1" /> Since 2007, Monique Mbeka Phoba live insyd Belgium wer she obtain a new degree insyd scriptwriting. She then produce einself ein first feather short movie: ''Sister Oyo''. ==Filmography== {|class=wikitable |- !Year !!Film !! Role !! Notes |- |1992 || ''Revue en vrac'' || Director || |- |1997 || ''Deux petits tours et puis s'en vont'' || Director || |- |1998 || ''Un rêve d'indépendance'' || Director, Writer || |- |2001 || ''Anna l'enchantée'' || Director || |- |2006 || ''Sorcière, la vie!'' || Director, Actor, Writer || |- |2007 || ''Entre la coupe et l'élection'' || Director, Writer || |- |2010 || ''Tout le monde a des raisons d'en vouloir à sa mère'' || Actor || |} == References == <references /> == External links == * {{cite journal|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921074053/http://www.africanwomenincinema.org/AFWC/Phoba.html|title=Monique Mbeka Phoba|journal=Sisters of the Screen: Women of Africa on Film Video and Television|publisher=Africa World Press|location=Trenton, NJ|year=2000|accessdate=2012-03-18}} Interview conducted during Vues d'Afrique, April 1997 Montreal, Quebec * {{cite web|url=http://africanwomenincinema.blogspot.ca/2009/12/conversation-with-monique-mbeka-phoba.html|date=13 December 2009|title=A Conversation with Monique Mbeka Phoba|author=Beti Ellerson|work=African Women in Cinema Blog|accessdate=2012-03-18}} * {{cite web|url=http://mondesfrancophones.com/espaces/afriques/symboles-et-metaphores-cosmiques-dans-yemadja-de-monique-mbeka-phoba/|title=Symboles et métaphores cosmiques dans " Yemadja " de Monique Mbeka Phoba|author=Pius Ngandu Nkashama|work=Mondes Francophones|accessdate=2012-03-18}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Phoba, Monique Mbeka}} [[Category:1962 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Democratic Republic of the Congo people]] [[Category:Democratic Republic of the Congo film directors]] [[Category:Democratic Republic of the Congo expatriates insyd Benin]] [[Category:Belgian film directors]] [[Category:Belgian women film directors]] [[Category:Mass media people wey komot Brussels]] [[Category:Université libre de Bruxelles alumni]] [[Category:Belgian people of Democratic Republic of the Congo descent]] o1nn7b0p9aqpurlxp42dtmxshl2nusg 0 12229 112513 48661 2026-09-25T01:43:21Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112513 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Malick Sidibé''' (1935 – 14 April 2016)<ref name="groves-guardian2">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/apr/15/malick-sidibe-dies-aged-80-malian-photographer-eye-of-bamako|date=15 April 2016|access-date=16 April 2016|first=Nancy|last=Groves|work=The Guardian|location=London|title=Malian photographer Malick Sidibé dies aged 80}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lequotidiendelart.com/quotidien_articles_detail.php?idarticle=8967|title=Disparition du photographe malien Malick Sidibé par Le Quotidien de l'Art|website=Le Quotidien de l'Art|date=15 April 2016|access-date=2016-04-14}}</ref> na he be a [[Mali|Malian]] photographer from a [[Fula people|Fulani]] ([[Fula people|Fula]]) village insyd Soloba,<ref>{{cite web|title=Malick Sidibe {{!}} Biography & Facts {{!}} Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Malick-Sidibe|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Malick Sidibé|url=https://www.guggenheim.org/artwork/artist/malick-sidibe|publisher=The Guggenheim Museums and Foundation}}</ref> wey na dem note am for ein black-den-white studies of popular culture insyd de 1960s insyd Bamako, Mali.<ref name="groves-guardian2" /><ref name="shakur-nyt">{{cite news|url=http://lens.blogs.nytimes.com/2016/04/11/malick-sidib-creative-force-of-african-culture/?_r=0|date=11 April 2016|access-date=16 April 2016|first=Fayemi|last=Shakur|newspaper=The New York Times|title=Malick Sidibé: Creative Force of African Culture}}</ref><ref name="laurent-time">{{cite news|url=https://time.com/4295775/in-memoriam-malick-sidibe-1936-2016/|date=15 April 2016|access-date=16 April 2016|first=Olivier|last=Laurent|work=Time|title=In Memoriam: Malick Sidibé (1936 – 2016)}}</ref> Dem hold Sidibé ein work insyd de collections of The Contemporary African Art Collection (CAAC),<ref name="caac">{{cite web|url=http://www.caacart.com/pigozzi-artist.php?i=Sidibe-Malick&m=48|access-date=16 April 2016|publisher=The Contemporary African Art Collection|title=Malick Sidibé}}</ref> de J. Paul Getty Museum insyd Los Angeles,<ref name="getty">{{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/objects/248996/malick-sidibe-femme-peul-du-niger-malian-print-1970-frame-2004/|access-date=16 April 2016|publisher=J. Paul Getty Museum|title=Femme Peul du Niger}}</ref> den de Museum of Modern Art insyd New York City.<ref name="moma">{{cite web|url=http://www.moma.org/collection/artists/26555?locale=en|access-date=16 April 2016|publisher=Museum of Modern Art|title=Malick Sidibé: Malian, 1936–2016}}</ref> ==Life== [[File:Malick Sidibe's studio 2.jpg|thumbnail|right|Sidibé ein studio insyd Bamako, wey dey show ein cameras den equipment]] Na dem born Sidibé insyd de village of Soloba, 300&nbsp;km from Bamako, insyd Mali. Na ein poppie be a [[Fula people|Fula]] stock breeder, farmer, den skilled hunter dem name Kolo Barry Sidibé. Na Malick ein poppie want am make he attend school, buh he pass before na he be able make he attend for de age of 16.<ref>{{cite web |title=Malik Sidibé: Mali Twist Exhibition |url=https://medias.fondationcartier.com/fondation/documents/press/CP-Sidibe_US.pdf |website=Fondation Cartier pour l'art contemporain}}</ref> Sidibé die<ref>C.B. (16 April 2016). [https://www.economist.com/blogs/prospero/2016/04/memoriam "In memoriam: Malick Sidibe's photographs captured the style and history of a newly independent Mali"]. ''The Economist''.</ref> of complications from diabetes insyd Bamako.<ref name="laurent-time" /><ref name="Grimes NYT">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/16/arts/malick-sidibe-photographer-known-for-social-reportage-in-mali-dies-at-80.html|title=Malick Sidibé, Photographer Known for Social Reportage in Mali, Dies at 80|last=Grimes|first=William|date=2016-04-15|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=2016-04-27}}</ref> Na he be survived by 17 kiddies den three wifeys.<ref name="Grimes NYT" /> ==Publications== ===Publications by Sidibé=== *''Malick Sidibé''. Zurich; New York: Scalo, 1998. {{ISBN|9783931141936}}. Edited by André Magnin. With an introduction by Magnin, and essays by Sibidé ("Studio Malick"), Youssouf Doumbia, ("Ambiance totale avec Garrincha!"), Panka Dembelé ("Twist again!"), and Boubacar "Kar Kar" Traoré ("Elvis est vivant!"). Included a four-song music CD by Kar Kar. *''Malick Sidibé, Photographe: "vues de dos" photographies''. Carnets de la création, Mali. Montreal: Editions de l'oeil, 2001. {{ISBN|9782912415189}}. With a text by Amadou Chab Touré. 24 pages. *''Malick Sidibe: Photographs: the Hasselblad Award 2003''. Göteborg, Sweden: Hasselblad Center; Göttingen: Steidl, 2003. {{ISBN|9783882439731}}. With a foreword by Gunilla Knape, an essay by Manthia Diawara, "The 1960s in Bamako: Malick Sidibé and James Brown", and a transcript of an interview with Sidibé by André Magnin. Published on the occasion of the exhibition ''Malick Sidibé: 2003 Hasselblad Award Winner'' held at the Hasselblad Center, Göteborg, Sweden, 2003.<ref>{{cite book|title=Malick Sidibé : photographs.|oclc = 55012477}}</ref> *''Malick Sidibé: Chemises''. Göttingen: Steidl, 2007. {{ISBN|9783865215239}}. Catalog of an exhibition presented at Foam Fotografiemuseum Amsterdam and at Musée Nicệphore Niépce, Chalon-sur-Saône.<ref>{{cite book|title=Chemises|oclc = 229995192}}</ref> *''Malick Sidibe''. Wilsele, Belgium: Exhibitions International, 2008. By Foundation Zinsou. {{ISBN|978-9057791048}}. *''Bagadadji''. Saint-Brieuc, France: GwinZegal, 2008. {{ISBN|9782952809924}}. With an essay by Florian Ebner, "La scène de Bagadadji". Portraits of the inhabitants of Bagadadji, Bamako, taken between 1964 and 1976. ** English-language version. ** French-language version. ** German-language version. *''Perception''. Saint-Brieuc, France: GwinZegal, 2008. {{ISBN|9782952809955}}. In French. Studio portraits made in Brittany, France, over the course of three weeks in July 2006. *''Malick Sidibé: La Vie en Rose''. Milan: Silvana, 2010. Edited and with text by Laura Incardona and Laura Serani. {{ISBN|978-8836617166}}. *''Malick Sidibé: The Portrait of Mali (Sinetica Landscape)''. Milan: Skira, 2011. Edited by Laura Incardona, Laura Serani, and Sabrina Zannier. {{ISBN|978-8857211251}}. Text in English, French and Italian. *''Malick Sidibé: Au village''. Montreuil, France: Éditions de L'Œil, 2011. {{ISBN|978-2351371329}}. Text by Brigitte Ollier. Studio portraits taken in Sidibé's native village of Soloba over the course of 50 years. In French. *''Malick Sidibé''. [[:fr:Photo Poche]] No. 145. Arles, France: [[:fr:Actes Sud]], 2013. {{ISBN|978-2-330-01229-8}}. With an introduction by Laura Serani. === Publications plus contributions by Sidibé === * ''Photographes de Bamako: de 1935 à nos jours''. Collection Soleil. Paris: Revue Noire, 1989. {{ISBN|978-2909571218}}. Photographs by Sidibé, Mountaga Dembélé, Seydou Keïta, Félix Diallo, Sakaly, AMAP, Alioune Bâ, Emmanuel Daou, Abdourahmane Sakaly, and others. With a text by Érika Nimis. In French and English. * ''In/sight: African Photographers, 1940 to the Present''. New York: Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, 1996. {{ISBN|9780810968950}}. With an introduction by Clare Bell and essays by Okwui Enwezor, Olu Oguibe, and Octavio Zaya. Photographs by Sidibé, Cornélius Yao Azaglo Augustt, Oladélé Ajiboyé Bamgboyé, [[Zarina Bhimji]], Gordon Bleach, Nabil Boutros, Cloete Breytenbach, Salla Casset, Mody Sory Diallo, Mohammed Dib, Kamel Dridi, Touhami Ennadre, Mathew Faji, Rotimi Fani-Kayode, [[Samuel Fosso]], Jellel Gasteli, Meïssa Gaye, Christian Gbagbo, David Goldblatt, Bob Gosani, Ranjith Kally, Seydou Keita, Peter Magubane, Santu Mofokeng, G. R. Naidoo, Lamia Naji, Gopal Naransamy, Lionel Oostendorp, [[Ricardo Rangel]], and Iké Udé. Catalogue of an exhibition held at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, May–September 1996. * ''Clubs of Bamako: 9 March-16 April 2000''. Houston, TX: Rice University Art Gallery, 2000. {{OCLC|45496053}}. Photographs by Sidibé, Emile Guebehi, Koffi Kouakou, and Coulibaly Siaka Paul. Catalogue of an exhibition. * ''You Look Beautiful Like That: The Portrait – Photographs of Seydou Keita and Malick Sidibe''. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|978-0300091885}}. Edited by Michelle Lamuniere. * ''Samuel Fosso, Seydou Keïta, Malick Sidibé: Portraits of Pride: West African Portrait Photography''. Katalog / Moderna Museet 318. Stockholm: Moderna Museet; Raster-Förl, 2002. {{ISBN|978-9171006776}}. Photographs by Sibidé, Samuel Fosso, and Seydou Keïta. Catalogue of an exhibition held at Moderna Museet, Stockholm, September–October 2002; Norskt Fotomuseum, March–April 2003. In Swedish and English. * ''African Art Now: Masterpieces From the Jean Pigozzi Collection''. London; New York: Merrell, 2005. {{ISBN|978-0890902950}}. By André Magnin, Alison de Lima Greene, Alvia J. Wardlaw, and Thomas McEvilley. Paintings, photographs, sculpture and installation art by 33 artists. Catalogue of an exhibition of work from The Contemporary African Art Collection held at Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. * ''The Poetics of Cloth: African Textiles, Recent Art''. New York: Grey Art Gallery, New York University, 2008. {{ISBN|9780615220833}}. Edited by Lynn Gumpert. With essays by Kofi Anyidoho, Lynn Gumpert, and John Picton, and contributions by Jennifer S. Brown, Lydie Diakhaté, Janet Goldner, Lynn Gumpert, John Picton, and Doran H. Ross. Reproductions of paintings, sculptures, videos and photographs by Sidibé, [[El Anatsui]], Samuel Cophis, Viye Diba, Sokari Douglas Camp, Groupe Bogolan Kasobane, [[Abdoulaye Konaté]], Rachid Koraïchi, [[Atta Kwami]], Grace Ndiritu, Nike Okundaye, [[Owusu-Ankomah]], Yinka Shonibare, Nontsikelelo "Lolo" Veleko, Rikki Wemega-Kwawu, and Sue Williamson. "Published on the occasion of an exhibition held at Grey Art Gallery, Sept. 16–Dec. 6, 2008."<ref>{{cite book|title=The poetics of cloth : African textiles, recent art|publisher=WorldCat|oclc=271451627}}</ref> * ''Events of the Self: Portraiture and Social Identity: Contemporary African Photography from the Walther Collection''. Burlafingen, Germany: The Walther Collection; Göttingen, Germany: Steidl, 2010. {{ISBN|9783869301570}}. Edited by Okwui Enwezor. With texts by Willis E. Hartshorn and Artur Walther, Okwui Enwezor, Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Virginia Heckert, Chika Okeke-Agulu, Deborah Willis ("Malick Sidibé': the front of the back view"), Santu Mofokeng, and Kobena Mercer. Photographs by Sibidé, Sammy Baloji, Oladélé Ajiboyé Bamgboyé, Yto Barrada, Bernd and Hilla Becher, Candice Breitz, Allan deSouza, Theo Eshetu, Rotimi Fani-Kayode, Samuel Fosso, David Goldblatt, Kay Hassan, Romuald Hazoumè, [[Pieter Hugo]], Seydou Keïta, Maha Maamoun, Boubacar Touré Mandémory, Salem Mekuria, Santu Mofokeng, Zwelethu Mthethwa, Zanele Muholi, James Muriuku, Ingrid Mwangi, Grace Ndiritu, [[J. D. 'Okhai Ojeikere|J.D. 'Okhai Ojeikere]], Jo Ractliffe, August Sander, Berni Searle, Mikhael Subotzky, Guy Tillim, Hentie van der Merwe, and Nontsikelelo Veleko. In English with German translation. Published to accompany an exhibition in Burlafingen, Germany, June 2010. * ''Everything was Moving: Photography from the 60s and 70s''. London: Barbican Art Gallery, 2012. {{ISBN|9780946372393}}. Edited by Kate Bush and Gerry Badger. With texts by Bush ("Everything was moving"), Badger ("Spirit of the times, spirit of place: a view of photography in the 1960s and 1970s"), Gavin Jantjes ("Ernest Cole"), Sean O'Hagan ("The unreal everyday: William Eggleston's America" and "Against detachment: Bruce Davidson's photographs of America during the Civil Rights Era"), Tanya Barson ("Graciela Iturbide: a matter of complicity"), T. J. Demos ("On Sigmar Polke's Der Bärenkampf"), Helen Petrovsky ("Boris Mikhailov: towards a new universality"), Boris Mikhailov ("Yesterday's sandwich"), Ian Jeffrey ("Shomei Tomatsu"), Julian Stallabrass ("Rather a hawk?: the photography of Larry Burrows"), Robert Pledge ("Li Zhensheng: the cinematographer behind the photographer"), Manthia Diawara ("The sixties in Bamako: Malick Sidibé and James Brown"), Shanay Jhaveri ("Raghubir Singh and the geographical culture of India"), and Raghubir Singh ("River of colour: an Indian view"). Photographs by Sidibé, David Goldblatt, Ernest Cole, William Eggleston, Bruce Davidson, Graciela Iturbide, Sigmar Polke, Boris Mikhailov, Shomei Tomatsu, Larry Burrows, Li Zhensheng, and Raghubir Singh. Published on the occasion of the exhibition ''Everything was Moving: Photography from the 60s and 70s'', curated by Kate Bush, September 2012–January 2013 at Barbican Art Gallery, Barbican Centre, London. * ''Malian Portrait Photography''. New Platz, New York: Samuel Dorsky Museum of Art, 2013. {{ISBN|9780615510941}}. Photographs by Sidibé and Seydou Keïta, El Hadj Hamidou Maïga, Abdourahmane Sakaly, and El Hadj Tijani Àdìgún Sitou. With text by Daniel Leers. "Published on the occasion of the exhibition Malian Portrait Photography on display from January 23–April 14, 2013, in the North Gallery of the Samuel Dorsky Museum of Art at the State University of New York at New Paltz."<ref>{{cite book|title=Malian portrait photography|publisher=WorldCat|oclc=840267063}}</ref> * ''Afriphoto II''. Collection Afriphoto, Vols 5–8. Trézélan: Filigranes, 2005. {{ISBN|9782350460079}}. Vol. 5 is by Sidibé, vol. 6 is by Bill Akwa Bétotè, vol. 7 is by Omar D, and vol. 8 is by Fouad Hamza Tibin and Mohamed Yahia Issa. Edited by Corinne Julien. With texts by Guy Hersant, Jacques Matinet, and Claude Iverné. In French. === Publications about Sidibé === * ''Retrats de l'Anima: Fotografia Africana''. Barcelona: La Caixa Foundation, 1997. {{OCLC|50666491}}. By Sélim Benattiam, Cristina de Borbón, and Rosa Casamada. In Catalan and English. An exhibition catalogue. With a contribution by Mounira Khemir, "De una Punta a otra de Africa. Impresionas Fotograficas". * ''The 1960s in Bamako: Malick Sidibé and James Brown''. Paper Series on the Arts, Culture, and Society, Paper No. 11. By Manthia Diawara. New York: Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, 2001. {{OCLC|47999579}}. About Sidibé and James Brown. * ''Black Renaissance/Renaissance Noire'', Vol. 4, No. 2/3. New York: New York University, 2002. Included an essay by Manthia Diawara, ''The 1960s in Bamako: Malick Sidibé and James Brown''. * ''Black Cultural Traffic: Crossroads in Global Performance and Popular Culture''. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, 2005. Edited by Harry J. Elam Jr., and Kennell Jackson Jr. {{ISBN|9780472025459}}. Includes a chapter by Manthia Diawara, "The 1960s in Bamako: Malick Sidibé and James Brown". ==Awards== *2003: Hasselblad Award for photography<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160902061553/http://www.hasselbladfoundation.org/wp/hasselblad-priset-2/previous-award-winners/ "Previous Award Winners"]. Hasselblad Foundation. Retrieved 15 April 2016.</ref> *2007: Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement, Venice Biennale<ref>Van Gelder, Lawrence (11 June 2007), [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/11/arts/11arts.html "Malian Photographer Honored at Biennale"], ''The New York Times''.</ref> *2008: Infinity Award for Lifetime Achievement, International Center of Photography (ICP), New York<ref>[https://www.lensculture.com/articles/malick-sidibe-interview-with-malick-sidibe "Interview with Malick Sidibé"]. ''LensCulture''. 2008.</ref> *2010: World Press Photo award – first prize singles, Arts and Entertainment<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160419192901/http://www.worldpressphoto.org/collection/photo/2010/arts-and-entertainment/malick-sidib%C3%A9 "Arts and Entertainment, first prize singles"]. World Press Photo. Retrieved 16 April 2016.</ref> == Collections == [[File:Malick_Sidibe's_studio.jpg|thumb|Sidibé ein negative collection, insyd ein studio insyd Bamako]] Dem hold Sidibé ein work insyd de public collections wey dey follow: * The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois<ref>{{Cite web|title=Malick Sidibé|url=https://www.artic.edu/artists/111968/malick-sidibe|access-date=6 June 2020|website=The Art Institute of Chicago|language=en}}</ref> * The Contemporary African Art Collection (CAAC) of Jean Pigozzi, Geneva<ref name="caac" /> * J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles, CA<ref name="getty" /> * Museum of Modern Art, New York<ref name="moma" /> * Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York<ref>[http://www.metmuseum.org/exhibitions/listings/2015/in-and-out-of-the-studio In and Out of the Studio: Photographic Portraits from West Africa] ''The Metropolitan Museum of Art''</ref> * San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sfmoma.org/artist/Malick_Sidib%C3%A9#works|title=Malick Sidibé|work=SFMOMA}}</ref> * Baltimore Museum of Art, Baltimore, MD<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.artbma.org/2014/10/bma-voices-the-boxer/|title=BMA Voices: The Boxer.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jackshainman.com/artists/malick-sidibe/|title=Malick Sidibe – Jack Shainman Gallery}}</ref> * Birmingham Museum of Art, Birmingham, AL<ref name=":0">[https://www.mbphoto.com/artists/58-malick-sidib/biography/ "Malick Sidibé"]. ''M+B Photo''.</ref> * Studio Museum in Harlem (New York)<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160609202827/http://studiomuseum.org/exhibition/permanent-collection/malick-sidib-untitled Permanent Collection: ''Untitled, c. 1974''| The Studio Museum in Harlem]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160609222018/http://studiomuseum.org/exhibition/permanent-collection/malick-sidibe-groupe-de-barbus Permanent Collection: ''Groupe de Barbus''| The Studio Museum in Harlem]</ref> * High Museum of Art, Atlanta, GA<ref name=":0" /> * International Center of Photography, New York<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.icp.org/browse/archive/objects/nuit-de-no%C3%ABl|title=Nuit de Noël|work=International Center of Photography}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.icp.org/browse/archive/constituents/malick-sidib%C3%A9?all/all/all/all/0|title=Malick Sidibé|work=International Center of Photography}}</ref> * Moderna Museet, Stockholm<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.modernamuseet.se/stockholm/en/2011/02/15/fantastiska-donationer-av-fotokonst/|title=Fantastic donations of photographic art|work=Moderna Museet i Stockholm|date=15 February 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.modernamuseet.se/stockholm/en/exhibitions/moderna-museet-co-enkehuset/information-about-keita-sidibe-and-fosso/|title=Keita, Sidibé and Fosso|work=Moderna Museet i Stockholm}}</ref> * De Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Houston, Texas<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Museum of Fine Arts Houston Collections|url=https://emuseum.mfah.org/people/14274/malick-sidibe/objects|access-date=13 June 2020}}</ref> ==Exhibitions== ===Solo exhibitions=== * 1995: ''Malick Sidibé: Bamako 1962–1976'', Fondation Cartier pour l'Art Contemporain, Paris<ref name="galeriedujour.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.galeriedujour.com/artistes/malicksidibe/BIO-MALICK-SIDIBE_2016.pdf |title=Galerie du jour agnès b.: Les artistes: Malick Sidibé |website=Galerie du jour agnès |access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 1999: Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, IL<ref name="galeriedujour.com"/> * 1999: ''Malick Sidibé. Photographie'', Dany Keller Galerie, Munich<ref>{{cite web|url=http://danykellergalerie.de/archiv/archiv_index.htm|title=Dany Keller Galerie – Archiv|website=danykellergalerie.de|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 1999: ''Cool Cats and Twist Club'', Australian Centre for Photography, Sydney, Australia * 2000: Centre d’Art Contemporain Genève, Geneva, Switzerland<ref name="galeriedujour.com"/> * 2001: Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna, Rome, Italy<ref name="afronova.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.afronova.com/artists/malick-sidibe-2/|title=Malick Sidibé|website=Afronova Gallery}}</ref> * 2001: Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, Netherlands<ref name="afronova.com"/> * 2002: HackelBury Fine Art Limited, London * 2003: Hasselblad Center, Gothenburg Museum of Art, Gothenburg, Sweden<ref name="galeriedujour.com"/> * 2004: CAV Coimbra Visual Arts Centre, Coimbra, Portugal<ref name="galeriedujour.com"/> * 2004: Museet for Fotokunst, Brandts Klaedefabrik, Odense, Denmark<ref name="afronova.com"/> * 2005: ''Photographs: 1960–2004'', Jack Shainman Gallery, New York, [[United States|USA]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jackshainman.com/exhibition103.html|title=Malick Sidibe / Photographs: 1960–2004 :: JACK SHAINMAN GALLERY|first=Jack Shainman gallery. Designed by StudioRadia. Web-development by Unlabeled|last=studio.|website=jackshainman.com|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2007: ''Malick Sidibé. C'est Pas Ma Faute'', Musee des arts derniers, Paris * 2007: ''Malick Sidibé. Los Sabena Club'', Fifty One Fine Art Photography, Antwerp, Belgium<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gallery51.com/index.php?navigatieid=236&exhibitionid=42|title=FIFTY ONE Fine Art Photography Gallery – Exhib. Fifty One – past|website=gallery51.com|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2008: ''Malick Sidibé. Chemises'', Foam Fotografiemuseum Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands<ref name="galeriedujour.com"/> * 2009: ''Malick Sidibé. Bamako Nights'', Musée Nicéphore Niépce, Chalon sur Saône, France<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.museeniepce.com/index.php?/exposition/exposition-passee/Malick-Sidibe|title=musée Nicéphore Niépce – Malick Sidibé|website=museeniepce.com|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2010: "Studio Malick", Tristan Hoare, London<ref>{{cite web |author= Hoare, Tristan |url= http://tristanhoaregallery.co.uk/app/uploads/2016/10/1814-Malick-Sidibe%CC%81.pdf |title= L'oeil de Bamako |publisher= 1841 Magazine |access-date= 22 June 2017}}</ref> * 2011: ''Malick Sidibé. The Eye of Bamako'', M+B Gallery, Los Angeles, CA<ref name="galeriedujour.com"/> * 2015: ''Studio Malick. Gares de Bretagne et Montparnasse'', Frac Bretagne, Conseil régional and SNCF<ref name="galeriedujour.com"/> * 2014: ''Malick Sidibé'', Jack Shainman Gallery, New York, USA<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jackshainman.com/exhibitions/past/2014/malick-sidibe/|title=MALICK SIDIBE, MARCH 28 – APRIL 26, 2014|website=jackshainman.com|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2016: ''It's Too Funky in Here! By Malick Sidibé'', FIFTY ONE TOO, Antwerp, Belgium<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gallery51.com/index.php?navigatieid=248&exhibitionid=129|title=FIFTY ONE Fine Art Photography Gallery – Exhib. Fifty One Too – past|website=gallery51.com|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2017: ''Malick Sidibé. The Eye of Modern Mali'', Somerset House, London<ref name="somerset-house">{{cite web|url=https://www.somersethouse.org.uk/whats-on/malick-sidibe|title=Malick Sidibé: The Eye of Modern Mali|publisher=Somerset House|access-date=21 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2016/jul/27/exhibition-of-malick-sidibe-photography-to-open-in-london | date = 27 July 2016 | access-date = 21 October 2016 | first = Mark | last = Brown | newspaper = The Guardian| location = London | title = Exhibition of Malick Sidibé photography to open in London}}</ref> His first solo exhibition in the [[United Kingdom|UK]].<ref name="somerset-house" /> === Group exhibitions den festivals === * 1995: ''Seydou Keita & Malick Sidibe: Photographs From Mali'', Fruitmarket Gallery, Edinburgh, Scotland * 1996: ''Double vie, Double vue'', Fondation Cartier pour l'art contemporain, Paris, France * 1996: ''By Night'', Fondation Cartier pour l'art contemporain, Paris, France * 1999: 6th International İstanbul Biennial 1999, International Istanbul Biennial, Istanbul, Turkey * 2000: ''Africa: Past-Present'', Fifty One Fine Art Photography, Antwerp<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gallery51.com/index.php?navigatieid=236&exhibitionid=10|title=FIFTY ONE Fine Art Photography Gallery – Exhib. Fifty One – past|website=gallery51.com|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2001–2003: ''You look beautiful like that: The Portrait of Photographs of Seydou Keïta and Malick Sidibé'', Fogg Museum, Harvard Art Museums, Cambridge, MA; UCLA Hammer Museum, University of California, Los Angeles, USA; Norton Museum of Art, West Palm Beach FL; National Portrait Gallery, London; Williams College Museum of Art, Williamstown, Massachusetts, USA * 2004: ''Photography: Inaugural Installation'', Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York, USA<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moma.org/calendar/exhibitions/3100|title=Photography: Inaugural Installation – MoMA|website=The Museum of Modern Art|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2004: ''Seeds and Roots'', The Studio Museum in Harlem, New York, USA<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.studiomuseum.org/exhibition/seeds-and-roots-selections-the-permanent-collection|title=The Studio Museum in Harlem|website=studiomuseum.org|access-date=2018-10-30}}</ref> * 2005: ''African Art Now – Masterpieces from the Jean Pigozzi Collection'', National Museum of African Art, Washington, USA<ref>{{cite web|url=https://africa.si.edu/exhibits/pigozzi/intro1.html|title=National Museum of African Art – African Art Now: Masterpieces from the Jean Pigozzi Collection – Introduction|website=africa.si.edu|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2007: ''Why Africa? The work of 13 photographers including Sidibé, Frédéric Bruly Bouabré, Bodys Isek Kingelez, Chéri Samba, Makonde Lilanga, and Keita Seydou'', Pinacoteca Giovanni e Marella Agnelli, Turin, Italy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pinacoteca-agnelli.it/visit/1218/why-africa-la-collezione-pigozzi/|title=Pinacoteca Giovanni e Marella Agnelli Why Africa? La collezione Pigozzi}}</ref> * 2009: ''Masters of Photography'', Fifty One Fine Art Photography, Antwerp, Belgium<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gallery51.com/index.php?navigatieid=236&exhibitionid=67|title=FIFTY ONE Fine Art Photography Gallery – Exhib. Fifty One – past|website=gallery51.com|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2009: ''Some Tribes'', Christophe Guye Galerie, Zurich, Switzerland<ref>{{cite web|url=https://christopheguye.com/exhibitions/some-tribes/introduction|title=Some Tribes|publisher=Christophe Guye Galerie|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2010: ''Posing Beauty in African American Culture'', Art Gallery of Hamilton, Hamilton, USA<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.artgalleryofhamilton.com/ex_archive10.php|title=Exhibition Archive – Art Gallery of Hamilton|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2010: ''Un Rêve Utile: Photographie Africaine 1960–2010'', BOZAR – Palais des Beaux-Arts, Brussels<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bozar.be/fr/activities/2566-un-reve-utile|title=Un rêve utile|website=BOZAR|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2010: ''Represent: Imaging African American Culture in Contemporary Art'', Hagedorn Foundation Gallery, Atlanta, USA * 2010: ''African Stories'', Marrakech Art Fair, Marrakech * 2011: Paris Photo, Grand Palais, The Walther Collection<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/nov/13/paris-photo-review-eggleston-arbus|title=Paris Photo 2011 – review: Grand Palais, Paris|newspaper=The Guardian|date=12 November 2011|access-date=18 April 2016|first=Sean|last=O'Hagan}}</ref> * 2012: ''Afrika, hin und zurück'', Museum Folkwang, Essen<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.museum-folkwang.de/nl/aktuelles/ausstellungen/archiv/afrika-hin-und-zurueck.html|title=Afrika, hin und zurück – Museum Folkwang|first=BOROS.INTERAKTIV|last=GmbH|website=Museum Folkwang|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2012: ''Gaze – The Changing Face of Portrait Photography'', Istanbul Modern, Istanbul, Turkey<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.istanbulmodern.org/en/exhibitions/past-exhibitions/gaze-changing-face-of-portrait-photography_948.html|title=Gaze – Changing Face of Portrait Photography – İstanbul Modern|first=ISTANBUL MODERN, ISTANBUL MUSEUM OF MODERN|last=ART|website=istanbulmodern.org|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2012: ''Everything Was Moving: Photography from the 60s and 70s'', Barbican Centre,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.barbican.org.uk/artgallery/event-detail.asp?ID=13613|title=Barbican – Everything Was Moving: Photography from the 60s and 70s|work=barbican.org.uk}}</ref> * 2014: ''Back to Front'', Mariane Ibrahim Gallery, Seattle, USA<ref>{{cite web|url=http://marianeibrahim.com/back-to-front-j-d-okhai-ojeikere-and-malick-sidibe|title=Mariane Ibrahim Gallery – Back to Front, J.D. 'Okhai Ojeikere and Malick Sidibe|website=marianeibrahim.com|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2014: Ici l'Afrique, Château de Penthes, Pregny-Chambésy, France<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.penthes.ch/portfolio/lafrique-contemporaine-vue-dans-le-regard-de-ses-artistes/|title=Ici l'Afrique|website=penthes.ch|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2015: ''The Pistil's waitz'', Gallery Fifty One, Antwerp, Belgium<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gallery51.com/index.php?navigatieid=236&exhibitionid=116|title=FIFTY ONE Fine Art Photography Gallery – Exhib. Fifty One – past|website=gallery51.com|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2015: ''Making Africa. Un Continente De Diseño Contemporáneo'', Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Bilbao, Spain<ref>{{cite web|url=http://makingafrica.guggenheim-bilbao.eus/exposicion/#la-exposicion-02|title=Making Africa – Museo Guggenheim Bilbao|website=Making Africa – Museo Guggenheim Bilbao|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2016: ''VIVRE !!'', Cité nationale de l'histoire de l'immigration, Paris, France<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.histoire-immigration.fr/agenda/2016-07/vivre|title=VIVRE !! – Musée national de l'histoire de l'immigration|website=histoire-immigration.fr|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2016: ''Regarding Africa: Contemporary Art and Afro-Futurism'', Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Tel Aviv, Israel<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.africa-tamuseum.org.il/|title=Regarding Africa: Contemporary Art and Afro-Futurism, Tel Aviv Museum of Art|website=Regarding Africa: Contemporary Art and Afro-Futurism|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2017: ''Back Stories'', Mariane Ibrahim Gallery, Seattle, USA<ref>{{cite web|url=http://marianeibrahim.com/artists/back-stories|title=Mariane Ibrahim Gallery – BACK STORIES|website=marianeibrahim.com|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2017: ''Il Cacciatore Bianco / The White Hunter'', FM Centro per l'Arte Contemporanea, Milan, Italy<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fmcca.it/it/scheda-mostra/eve/26-il-cacciatore-bianco-the-white-hunter/|title=Scheda mostra|website=fmcca.it|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2017: ''Rhona Hoffman. 40 Years: Part 3. Political'', Rhona Hoffman Gallery, Chicago, USA<ref>{{cite web|url=http://siebrenv.easycgi.com/rhoffmangallery.com/exhibition.asp?exid=624|title=Rhona Hoffman Gallery|website=siebrenv.easycgi.com|access-date=5 October 2017}}</ref> * 2020: ''Through an African Lens: Sub-Saharan Photography from the Museum's Collections'', The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Houston, Texas<ref>{{Cite web|title=Through an African Lens: Sub-Saharan Photography from the Museum’s Collection|url=https://www.mfah.org/exhibitions/through-african-lens-sub-saharan-photography-mfah-collection|access-date=14 June 2020|website=The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston}}</ref> ==Film den television appearances== *''Malick Sidibé: portrait of the artist as a portraitist'' (2006). {{OCLC|68907552}}. Direct by Susan Vogel for de National Museum of Mali / Prince Street Pictures. Produce by Vogel, Samuel Sidbe, den Catherine de Clippel. Interview plus Sidibé by Jean-Paul Colleyn. Insyd French plus English subtitles. *''Dolce Vita Africana'' (2008, Tigerlily Films). 62 mins. Direct by Cosima Spender. Produce by Natasha Dack, Nikki Parrott, den Spender. A documentary about Sidibé, den about Malian history as dem tell thru people he photograph. Insyd Bamanankan den French. Na dem show de film as part of BBC4 ein ''Storyville'' series insyd March 2008. *''Malick Sidibé, le Partage'' (2013, P.O.M. Films; Éditions de L'Œil, ADAV). 52 mins. DVD den brochure. Film by Thomas Glaser, text by Gaël Teicher. {{ISBN|9782351371558}}. De film dey insyd French plus French den English subtitles, wey de text dey insyd French. == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{Cite news|last1=Dickson|first1=Andrew|title=Malick Sidibé's Mali: Scenes of a Rollicking Night Life|work=The New York Times|date=2017-11-10|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/10/arts/design/malick-sidibes-work-reveals-a-hidden-africa-it-loves-to-party.html|issn=0362-4331}} == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHi4TG1SwFU Malick Sidibé, Icontent, Douglas Sloan Director] for YouTube top Video duration 6m:09s. Uploader Icontenttv, 2009. By Douglas Sloan. * {{Cite web|url=http://www.artnet.com/artist/15531/malick-sidibe.html|title=Malick Sidibé (Malian, born circa 1936–2016)|website=artnet.com|publisher=Artnet|quote=Malick Sidibé was a celebrated Malian photographer. Working primarily in black and white, his photographs captured lively portraits and scenes of celebration. His best-known works depict the burgeoning pop culture and nightlife of the Malian capital, prolifically documenting young people and their dress in elegantly posed studio portraits with patterned backdrops, which either match or deliberately clash with the sitters' outfits and poses.|access-date=2023-10-05}} * {{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070627033416/http://www.culturebase.net/artist.php?1259|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070627033416/https://web.archive.org/web/20070627033416/http://www.culturebase.net/artist.php?1259|archive-date=2007-06-27|last=Clewing|first=Ulrich|title=Malick Sidibé: Pictures full of music|quote=Malick Sidibé got off to a late but flying start in the international art-scene with an exhibition in Paris in 1995. Since then curators and gallery owners all round the world have been vying to show his photos.|access-date=2023-10-05}} * {{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210506072116/http://caacart.com/pigozzi-artist.php?i=Sidibe-Malick&m=48|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127013246/https://web.archive.org/web/20210506072116/http://caacart.com/pigozzi-artist.php?i=Sidibe-Malick&m=48|archive-date=2022-01-27|title=Malick Sidibé|website=caacart.com|publisher=Contemporary African Art Collection (C.A.A.C.) / The Jean Pigozzi Collection of African Art|location=Geneva}} * {{Cite web|url=http://www.jackshainman.com/artists/malick-sidibe/|website=jackshainman.com|title=Jack Shainman Gallery, Sidibé|access-date=2023-10-05|quote=Malick Sidibé (b. 1935, Soloba, Mali; d. 2016, Bamako, Mali) was a photographer known for his black and white images chronicling the exuberant lives and culture—often of youth—in his native Bamako, Mali.}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sidibe, Malick}} [[Category:1935 births]] [[Category:2016 deaths]] [[Category:Malian photographers]] [[Category:Malian people]] [[Category:People wey komot Sikasso Region]] [[Category:People wey komot Bamako]] [[Category:20th-century photographers]] [[Category:21st-century photographers]] [[Category:21st-century Malian people]] [[Category:Fula people|Fulani People]] [[Category:Fula people|Fula People]] 5hg4rax3t65zrf4bre02uue3pvfge2y 0 12289 112537 48636 2026-09-25T02:20:19Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112537 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Oumou Sy''' (dem born am 1952 insyd Podor, [[Senegal]]) be a Senegalese fashion designer dem frequently refer to as "''Senegal's Queen of Couture''".<ref name="independent">{{Cite web|date=2006-12-01|title=Art of Africa: The 50 best African artists|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/art-of-africa-the-50-best-african-artists-426441.html|access-date=2023-06-23|website=The Independent|language=en}}</ref><ref name="CC-Portrait">CulturCooperation, "Portrait", op. cit.</ref> She design de wardrobe give de Senegalese singers Baaba Maal den Youssou N'Dour,<ref name="CC-Portrait" /> wey na she win chaw awards for international film festivals for ein costume designs.<ref name="CC-Portrait" /> Insyd 1998, na Sy be one of de three African fashion designers make dem win de Principal Prince Claus Award.<ref>''Trouw'' (10 December 1998) [http://www.trouw.nl/tr/nl/5009/Archief/archief/article/detail/2591582/1998/12/10/Mode-kan-Afrika-ook-een-belangrijke-impuls-geven-Winnaars-negeerden-lokstem-van-Parijs.dhtml "Mode kan Afrika óók een belangrijke impuls geven"] (insyd Dutch)</ref><ref>Prince Claus Fund, [http://www.princeclausfund.org/files/docs/PCFJournal2.pdf Journal #2] [https://web.archive.org/web/20141129021311/http://www.princeclausfund.org/files/docs/PCFJournal2.pdf Archived] 2014-11-29 at the Wayback Machine</ref> == References == [[Category:Living people]] <references /> == Read further == * {{Cite web|author=CulturCooperation|year=2005|title=Fashion made in Africa|work=Oumou Sy|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928113305/http://www.culturcooperation.de/site/s3_3e.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928113305/https://web.archive.org/web/20070928113305/http://www.culturcooperation.de/site/s3_3e.htm|archivedate=2007-09-28|url-status=dead}} * {{Cite web|author=CulturCooperation|year=2005|title=Portrait|work=Oumou Sy|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928113259/http://www.culturcooperation.de/site/s3_3_1e.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928113259/https://web.archive.org/web/20070928113259/http://www.culturcooperation.de/site/s3_3_1e.htm|archivedate=2007-09-28|url-status=dead}} * {{Cite web|author=CulturCooperation|year=2005|title=Gallery|work=Oumou Sy|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928113311/http://www.culturcooperation.de/site/s3_3_2e.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928113311/https://web.archive.org/web/20070928113311/http://www.culturcooperation.de/site/s3_3_2e.htm|archivedate=2007-09-28|url-status=dead}} ==External links== {{Commons}} * (insyd French) [https://oumousy.com/ Oumousy.com] – Official website * (insyd French den English) [http://www.visavis.tm.fr/oumou/oumou_sy.htm Comite International de soutien à Oumou Sy] (International Support Committee for Oumou Sy) – Summary of 2001's jailing over a Libyan/Senegalese affair * [[imdbname:0842928|Filmography of Oumou Sy as costume designer]] at IMDb * (insyd French) [[:fr:Oumou Sy|"Oumou Sy" at the French Wikipedia]] – large article, links to be scoured * [https://fashion-history.lovetoknow.com/fashion-clothing-industry/fashion-designers/oumou-sy Oumou Sy | Love to know] * [https://www.si.edu/object/siris_sil_750094 Smithsonian catalogue] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sy, Oumou}} [[Category:1952 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Senegalese people]] [[Category:Senegalese women artists]] [[Category:Senegalese women fashion designers]] [[Category:People wey komot Saint-Louis region]] de7ahep3ifatofitu34gjlflcld5vlc 0 12569 112337 49506 2026-09-24T17:08:31Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112337 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''bibcode''' (dem sanso know am as de '''refcode''') be a compact identifier use by chaw astronomical data systems make dem uniquely specify literature references. == Adoption == Na dem originally develop de Bibliographic Reference Code (refcode) make dem use am insyd SIMBAD den de NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), buh e cam turn a de facto standard wey now dem use am more widely, for example, by de NASA Astrophysics Data System, wich dem coin am wey dey prefer de term "bibcode".<ref name="a">{{cite book|url=http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/refcode/refcode-paper.html|chapter=NED and SIMBAD Conventions for Bibliographic Reference Coding|title=Information & On-Line Data in Astronomy|editor=Daniel Egret|editor2=Miguel A. Albrecht|publisher=Kluwer Academic Publishers|date=1995|isbn=0-7923-3659-3|author=M. Schmitz|author2=G. Helou|author3=P. Dubois|author4=C. LaGue|author5=B.F. Madore|author6=H. G. Corwin Jr.|author7=S. Lesteven|name-list-style=amp|access-date=2011-06-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607153038/http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/refcode/refcode-paper.html|archive-date=7 June 2011|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=b>{{cite web|url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs_doc/help_pages/data.html|title= The ADS Data, help page|publisher= NASA ADS |access-date=November 5, 2007| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071014195855/http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs_doc/help_pages/data.html| archive-date= 14 October 2007 | url-status= live}}</ref> == Examples == Sam examples of bibcodes be: {| class="wikitable" |- ! Bibcode ! Reference |- | <code>[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1974AJ.....79..819H 1974AJ.....79..819H]</code> | {{cite journal |last=Heintz |first=W. D. |date=1974 |title=Astrometric study of four visual binaries |journal=The Astronomical Journal |volume=79 |pages=819–825 |doi=10.1086/111614 |bibcode = 1974AJ.....79..819H }} |- | <code>[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1924MNRAS..84..308E 1924MNRAS..84..308E]</code> | {{cite journal |last=Eddington |first=A. S. |date=1924 |title=On the relation between the masses and luminosities of the stars |url=https://archive.org/details/monthly-notices-of-the-royal-astronomical-society_1924-03-14_84_5/page/310 |journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |volume=84 |issue=5 |pages=308–332 |bibcode = 1924MNRAS..84..308E | doi = 10.1093/mnras/84.5.308 |doi-access=free }} |- | <code>[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970ApJ...161L..77K 1970ApJ...161L..77K]</code> | {{cite journal |last1=Kemp |first1=J. C. |last2=Swedlund |first2=J. B. |last3=Landstreet |first3=J. D. |last4=Angel |first4=J. R. P. |date=1970 |title=Discovery of circularly polarized light from a white dwarf |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume=161 |pages=L77–L79 |doi=10.1086/180574 |bibcode = 1970ApJ...161L..77K }} |- | <code>[https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004PhRvL..93o0801M 2004PhRvL..93o0801M]</code> | {{cite journal |last1=Mukherjee |first1=M. |last2=Kellerbauer |first2=A. |last3=Beck |first3=D. |last4=Blaum |first4=K. |last5=Bollen |first5=G. |last6=Carrel |first6=F. |last7=Delahaye |first7=P. |last8=Dilling |first8=J. |last9=George |first9=S. |last10=Guénaut |first10=C. |last11=Herfurth |first11=F. |last12=Herlert |first12=A. |last13=Kluge |first13=H.-J. |last14=Köster |first14=U. |last15=Lunney |first15=D. |last16=Schwarz |first16=S. |last17=Schweikhard |first17=L. |last18=Yazidjian |first18=C. |display-authors=3 |date=2004 |title=The Mass of ²²Mg |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=93 |issue=15 |pages=150801 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.150801 |pmid=15524861 |bibcode = 2004PhRvL..93o0801M |url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/798313/files/PhysRevLett.93.150801.pdf }} |} == References == [[Category:Index (publishing)]] [[Category:Identifiers]] [[Category:Electronic documents]] [[Category:Computational astronomy]] l2zmswewt2lftz49gdkq5feax6y1zq6 0 12887 112541 108563 2026-09-25T02:23:35Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112541 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Peru''', wey dem dey officially call '''Republic of Per'''u, be one country wey dey western South America. E get Ecuador den Colombia for ein north side, [[Brazil]] for ein east, [[Bolivia]] for ein southeast, [[Chile]] for ein south, den de [[Pacific Ocean]] for ein south den west. Peru be megadiverse country, e get different habitats, from de dry plains for de Pacific coastal region for de west, to de high mountains of de Andes wey stretch from de north go de southeast of de country, to de tropical Amazon basin rainforest for de east wey de Amazon River dey insyd.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sernanp.gob.pe/sernanp/archivos/imagenes/vida/Peru-%20Pais%20Megadiverso.pdf|title=Perú: País megadiverso|trans-title=Peru: Megadiverse country|publisher=Servicio Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140622152015/http://www.sernanp.gob.pe/sernanp/archivos/imagenes/vida/Peru-%20Pais%20Megadiverso.pdf|archive-date=22 June 2014}}</ref> Peru get population wey pass 32 million people, wey ein capital den biggest city be Lima. Wit 1,285,216 km² (496,225 sq mi), Peru be de 19th biggest country for de world, den de third biggest for South America. Peruvian land dey house plenty cultures since de ancient den medieval times, e get one of de longest civilization histories for any country, wey ein heritage fit trace go de 10th millennium BCE. Sam of de known pre-colonial cultures den civilizations be de Caral–Supe civilization (de earliest civilization for de Americas wey dem dey see as one of de cradles of civilization), de Nazca culture, de Wari den Tiwanaku empires, de Kingdom of Cusco, den de Inca Empire, wey be de biggest state for pre-Columbian Americas. De Spanish Empire take over de region for de 16th century, wey Charles V set up viceroyalty wey dem call de Kingdom of Peru, wey cover chaw of South America territories, wey ein capital for Lima.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Wilmer Angel|first1=Aguilar Pereda|title=Establecimiento y organización del virreinato del Perú|journal=Universidad Nacional de Trujillo|date=2019|url=https://dspace.unitru.edu.pe/server/api/core/bitstreams/b4664398-8f69-4d88-b426-c04edaa8cc8d/content|access-date=19 March 2024|archive-date=19 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319041111/https://dspace.unitru.edu.pe/server/api/core/bitstreams/b4664398-8f69-4d88-b426-c04edaa8cc8d/content|url-status=live}}</ref> Higher education for de Americas start officially plus de establishment of de National University of San Marcos for Lima insyd 1551. Peru officially talk say e dey independent from Spain insyd 1821, wey after de military campaigns of Bernardo O'Higgins, José de San Martín, den Simón Bolívar, den de final battle of Ayacucho, Peru plete ein independence for 1824. For de years wey dey follow, de country first suffer political instability until e enter one period of small economic den political stability secof guano exploitation wey later end insyd de War of de Pacific (1879–1884). Throughout de 20th century, Peru face political den social instability, wey dey include de internal conflict between de state den guerrilla groups dey occur, den sam periods of economic growth. Implementation of Plan Verde<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Back|first1=Michele|url=https://repositoriodigital.bnp.gob.pe/bnp/recursos/2/html/Racismo-y-lenguaje/286/|title=Racialization and Language: Interdisciplinary Perspectives From Perú|last2=Zavala|first2=Virginia|publisher=Routledge|year=2018|pages=286–291|quote=At the end of the 1980s, a group of military elites secretly developed an analysis of Peruvian society called ''El cuaderno verde''. This analysis established the policies that the following government would have to carry out in order to defeat Shining Path and rescue the Peruvian economy from the deep crisis in which it found itself. ''El cuaderno verde'' was passed onto the national press in 1993, after some of these policies were enacted by President Fujimori.|access-date=4 August 2021|archive-date=4 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804105110/https://repositoriodigital.bnp.gob.pe/bnp/recursos/2/html/Racismo-y-lenguaje/286/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Alfredo Schulte-Bockholt|title=The politics of organized crime and the organized crime of politics: a study in criminal power|url=https://archive.org/details/politicsoforgani0000schu|publisher=Lexington Books|year=2006|isbn=978-0-7391-1358-5|pages=[https://archive.org/details/politicsoforgani0000schu/page/114 114]–118|chapter=Chapter 5: Elites, Cocaine, and Power in Colombia and Peru|quote=important members of the officer corps, particularly within the army, had been contemplating a military coup and the establishment of an authoritarian regime, or a so-called directed democracy. The project was known as 'Plan Verde', the Green Plan. ... Fujimori essentially adopted the Green Plan and the military became a partner in the regime. ... The self-coup, of April 5, 1992, dissolved the Congress and the country's constitution and allowed for the implementation of the most important components of the Green Plan}}</ref> move Peru go neoliberal economics under de authoritarian rule of Alberto Fujimori den Vladimiro Montesinos for de 1990s, wey Fujimori ein political ideology of Fujimorism still dey affect de country ein governance till today.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Asensio|first1=Raúl|url=https://fondoeditorial.iep.org.pe/producto/el-profe-como-pedro-castillo-se-convirtio-en-presidente-del-peru-y-que-pasara-a-continuacion-2/|title=El Profe: Cómo Pedro Castillo se convirtió en presidente del Perú y qué pasará a continuación|last2=Camacho|first2=Gabriela|last3=González|first3=Natalia|last4=Grompone|first4=Romeo|last5=Pajuelo Teves|first5=Ramón|last6=Peña Jimenez|first6=Omayra|last7=Moscoso|first7=Macarena|last8=Vásquez|first8=Yerel|last9=Sosa Villagarcia|first9=Paolo|date=August 2021|publisher=Institute of Peruvian Studies|isbn=978-612-326-084-2|edition=1|location=Lima, Peru|pages=92|language=es|access-date=17 November 2021|archive-date=5 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221105081352/https://fondoeditorial.iep.org.pe/producto/el-profe-como-pedro-castillo-se-convirtio-en-presidente-del-peru-y-que-pasara-a-continuacion-2/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Asensio|first1=Raúl|url=https://fondoeditorial.iep.org.pe/producto/el-profe-como-pedro-castillo-se-convirtio-en-presidente-del-peru-y-que-pasara-a-continuacion-2/|title=El Profe: Cómo Pedro Castillo se convirtió en presidente del Perú y qué pasará a continuación|last2=Camacho|first2=Gabriela|last3=González|first3=Natalia|last4=Grompone|first4=Romeo|last5=Pajuelo Teves|first5=Ramón|last6=Peña Jimenez|first6=Omayra|last7=Moscoso|first7=Macarena|last8=Vásquez|first8=Yerel|last9=Sosa Villagarcia|first9=Paolo|date=August 2021|publisher=Institute of Peruvian Studies|isbn=978-612-326-084-2|edition=1|location=Lima, Peru|pages=92|language=es|access-date=17 November 2021|archive-date=5 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221105081352/https://fondoeditorial.iep.org.pe/producto/el-profe-como-pedro-castillo-se-convirtio-en-presidente-del-peru-y-que-pasara-a-continuacion-2/|url-status=live}}</ref> De 2000s bring economic expansion den poverty reduction, buh de next decade show say de country get plenty sociopolitical problems wey na dey exist for long, wey de political crisis wey Congress den de COVID-19 pandemic cause, start unrest from 2022. Peru be sovereign state wey be representative democratic republic, wey dem divide into 25 regions. Ein main economic activities be mining, manufacturing, agriculture den fishing, den sam growing sectors like telecommunications den biotechnology.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://biocanperu.minam.gob.pe/ciisbPeru/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2-MD-AQP-Biotecnologia-moderna-y-bioseg.pdf|title=Módulo de capacitación en recursos genéticos y bioseguridad|trans-title=Training module on genetic resources and biosafety|publisher=Ministerio de Ambiente de la República de Perú|author=David E. Castro Garro|language=es|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180424072625/http://biocanperu.minam.gob.pe/ciisbPeru/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2-MD-AQP-Biotecnologia-moderna-y-bioseg.pdf|archive-date=24 April 2018}}</ref> De country be part of de Pacific Pumas, wey be political den economic group of Latin America Pacific coast countries wey get common trends like positive growth, stable macroeconomic foundation, improved governance den openness to global integration. Peru rank high for social freedom;<ref>[https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FH_FIW_2017_Report_Final.pdf "Freedom in the World 2017 – Populists and Autocrats: The Dual Threat to Global Democracy"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20170727054703/https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FH_FIW_2017_Report_Final.pdf Archived] 27 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine by Freedom House, 31 January 2017</ref> e be active member of di Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, di Pacific Alliance, de Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership, den de World Trade Organization; wey dem dey see am as one middle power.<ref>{{cite book|last1=McKercher|first1=B. J. C.|title=Routledge Handbook of Diplomacy and Statecraft|date=2012|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781136664366|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EtCoAgAAQBAJ|language=en|quote=a Middle Power like Peru lack the diplomatic and other resources...|access-date=30 May 2020|archive-date=17 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417043716/https://books.google.com/books?id=EtCoAgAAQBAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> Peru ein population get Mestizos, Amerindians, Europeans, Africans, den Asians. De main language dem dey speak be Spanish, but chaw Peruvians still dey speak Quechuan languages, Aymara, anaa oda Indigenous languages. De mix of cultural traditions make de country get different expressions insyd art, cuisine, literature, den music. == Demographics == {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="8" | Largest cities anaa towns insyd Peru National Institute of Statistics and Informatics - INEI (Dem estimate 2024)<ref>[https://cdn.www.gob.pe/uploads/document/file/6616587/5751291-situacion-de-la-poblacion-peruana-2024-una-mirada-de-la-diversidad-etnica.pdf ""Situación de la Población Peruana, 2024. Una mirada de la diversidad étnica"] (PDF). ''Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática''. p. 20. Retrieved 3 August 2024.</ref> |- !Rank !Name !Region !Pop. !Rank !Name !Region !Pop. |- |1 |Lima |Lima |10,213,900 <small>(Metro pop.)</small> |11 |Ica |Ica |362,400 |- |2 |Arequipa |Arequipa |1,177,200 <small>(Metro pop.)</small> |12 |Juliaca |Puno |341,700 |- |3 |Trujillo |La Libertad |1,048,800 <small>(Metro pop.)</small> |13 |Tacna |Tacna |327,800 |- |4 |Chiclayo |Lambayeque |615,700 <small>(Metro pop.)</small> |14 |Ayacucho |Ayacucho |261,200 |- |5 |Piura |Piura |586,300 |15 |Cajamarca |Cajamarca |254,300 |- |6 |Huancayo |Junín |563,400 |16 |Huánuco |Huánuco |242,400 |- |7 |Cusco |Cusco |490,900 |17 |Chincha Alta |Ica |222,500 |- |8 |Iquitos |Loreto |458,300 |18 |Sullana |Piura |209,200 |- |9 |Pucallpa |Ucayali |428,700 |19 |Huacho |Lima |192,100 |- |10 |Chimbote |Ancash |410,300 |20 |Tarapoto |San Martín |178,800 |} == References == <references /> == Bibliography == * Bailey, Gauvin Alexander. ''Art of colonial Latin America''. London: Phaidon, 2005. {{ISBN|0714841579}}. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070324043856/http://www.tc.gob.pe/legconperu/constitucion.html ''Constitución Política del Perú'']. 29 December 1993. * Custer, Tony. ''The Art of Peruvian Cuisine''. Lima: Ediciones Ganesha, 2003. {{ISBN|9972920305}}. * Garland, Gonzalo. "Perú Siglo XXI", series of 11 working papers describing sectorial long-term forecasts, Grade, Lima, Peru, 1986–1987. * Garland, Gonzalo. Peru in the 21st Century: Challenges and Possibilities in ''Futures: the Journal of Forecasting, Planning, and Policy'', Volume 22, No. 4, Butterworth-Heinemann, London, England, May 1990. * Gootenberg, Paul. (1991) ''Between silver and guano: commercial policy and the state in postindependence Peru''. Princeton: Princeton University Press. {{ISBN|0691023425}}. * Gootenberg, Paul. (1993) ''Imagining development: economic ideas in Peru's "fictitious prosperity" of Guano, 1840–1880''. Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|0520082907}}. * Higgins, James (editor). ''The Emancipation of Peru: British Eyewitness Accounts'', 2014. Online at [https://sites.google.com/site/jhemanperu jhemanperu] [https://web.archive.org/web/20200421153751/https://sites.google.com/site/jhemanperu Archived] 21 April 2020 at the Wayback Machine * Instituto de Estudios Histórico–Marítimos del Perú. ''El Perú y sus recursos: Atlas geográfico y económico''. Lima: Auge, 1996. * Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. {{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070307225725/http://www.inei.gob.pe/biblioineipub/bancopub/Est/Lib0638/Libro.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070307225725/https://web.archive.org/web/20070307225725/http://www.inei.gob.pe/biblioineipub/bancopub/Est/Lib0638/Libro.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 March 2007|title=''Perú: Compendio Estadístico 2005''}}&nbsp;{{small|(8.31&nbsp;MB)}}. Lima: INEI, 2005. * Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. ''Perfil sociodemográfico del Perú''. Lima: INEI, 2008. * Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. ''Perú: Estimaciones y Proyecciones de Población, 1950–2050''. Lima: INEI, 2001. * Ley N° 27867, [https://web.archive.org/web/20070702195833/http://www.pmde.gob.pe/taller/Compilacion%20normativa/DESCENTRALIZACI%C3%93N/LEY%20N%C2%BA%2027867_LEY%20ORG%C3%81NICA%20DE%20GOBIERNOS%20LOCALES.pdf ''Ley Ley Orgánica de Gobiernos Regionales'']. 16 November 2002. * Martin, Gerald. "Literature, music and the visual arts, c. 1820–1870". In: Leslie Bethell (ed.), ''A cultural history of Latin America''. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, 1998, pp.&nbsp;3–45. * Martin, Gerald. "Narrative since c. 1920". In: Leslie Bethell (ed.), ''A cultural history of Latin America''. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, 1998, pp.&nbsp;133–225. * Porras Barrenechea, Raúl. ''El nombre del Perú''. Lima: Talleres Gráficos P.L. Villanueva, 1968. * Thorp, Rosemary, and Geoffrey Bertram. ''Peru 1890–1977: growth and policy in an open economy''. New York: Columbia University Press, 1978. {{ISBN|0231034334}} == Read further == * Akers, Charles Edmond; Edmundson, George (1911). [[wikisource:1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Peru|"Peru"]]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). pp. 264–278. ; Economy * (insyd Spanish) Banco Central de Reserva. [http://www.bcrp.gob.pe/estadisticas/cuadros-anuales-historicos.html ''Cuadros Anuales Históricos''] [https://web.archive.org/web/20110501045724/http://www.bcrp.gob.pe/estadisticas/cuadros-anuales-historicos.html Archived] 1 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine. * (insyd Spanish) Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. ''Perú: Perfil de la pobreza por departamentos, 2004–2008''. Lima: INEI, 2009. * Concha, Jaime. "Poetry, c. 1920–1950". In: Leslie Bethell (ed.), ''A cultural history of Latin America''. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, 1998, pp.&nbsp;227–260. == External links == {{Sister project links|voy=yes}} * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/country_profiles/1224656.stm Country Profile] from BBC News * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210110072816/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/peru Peru]. ''The World Factbook''. Central Intelligence Agency. * [http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/PER/Year/2012/Summary World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Peru] * [http://www.perulinks.com/pages/english/ PeruLinks] web directory; [https://web.archive.org/web/20081015034906/http://www.perulinks.com/pages/english/ Archived] 15 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine * [http://www.peru.gob.pe/ Web portal] of the Peruvian Government * {{OSM relation|288247|bullet=no}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Peru| ]] [[Category:Andean Community]] [[Category:Former Spanish colonies]] [[Category:Member states of de United Nations]] [[Category:Republics]] [[Category:Spanish-speaking countries den territories]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1821]] [[Category:Cradle of civilization]] [[Category:CPTPP]] [[Category:Countries for South America insyd]] jkslkczndqq64aeiim3eqaik72cvcm6 0 12888 112448 110872 2026-09-24T23:54:20Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112448 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Argentina''', officially de '''Argentine Republic''', be a country insyd de southern half of South America. E dey cover an area of {{convert|2780085|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}, wey dey make am de second-largest country insyd South America after [[Brazil]], de fourth-largest country insyd de Americas, den de eighth-largest country insyd de world. Argentina dey share de bulk of de Southern Cone plus [[Chile]] to de west, wey e sanso be bordered by Bolivia den Paraguay to de north, Brazil to de northeast, Uruguay den de South Atlantic Ocean to de east, den de Drake Passage to de south. Argentina be a federal state dem subdivide into twenty-three provinces, den one autonomous city, wich be de federal capital den largest city of de nation, Buenos Aires. De provinces den de capital get dema own constitutions, buh exist under a federal system. Argentina dey claim sovereignty over de Falkland Islands, South Georgia den de South Sandwich Islands, de Southern Patagonian Ice Field, den a part of Antarctica. Argentina be a regional power, den dey retain ein historic status as a middle power insyd international affairs.<ref>[[:en:Argentina#CITEREFWood1988|Wood 1988]], p. 18; [[:en:Argentina#CITEREFSolomon1997|Solomon 1997]], p. 3.</ref><ref>Huntington 2000, p. 6; Nierop 2001, p. 61: "Secondary regional powers in Huntington's view (Huntington, 2000, p. 6) include Great Britain, Ukraine, Japan, South Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Argentina."; Lake 2009, p. 55: "The US has created a foundation upon which the regional powers, especially Argentina and Brazil, can develop their own rules for further managing regional relations."; Papadopoulos 2010, p. 283: "The driving force behind the adoption of the MERCOSUR agreement was similar to that of the establishment of the EU: the hope of limiting the possibilities of traditional military hostility between the major regional powers, Brazil and Argentina."; Malamud 2011, p. 9: "Though not a surprise, the position of Argentina, Brazil's main regional partner, as the staunchest opponent of its main international ambition [to win a permanent seat on the UN Security Council] dealt a heavy blow to Brazil's image as a regional leader."; Boughton 2012, p. 101: "When the U.S. Treasury organized the next round of finance meetings, it included several non-APEC members, including all the European members of the G7, the Latin American powers Argentina and Brazil, and such other emerging markets as India, Poland, and South Africa."</ref><ref>Morris 1988, p. 63: "Argentina has been the leading military and economic power in the Southern Cone in the Twentieth Century."; Adler & Greve 2009, p. 78: "The southern cone of South America, including Argentina and Brazil, the two regional powers, has recently become a pluralistic security community."; Ruiz-Dana et al. 2009, p. 18: "[...] notably by linking the Southern Cone's rival regional powers, Brazil and Argentina."</ref> A major non-NATO ally of de [[United States]],<ref name="Major Non-NATO Ally Status">{{cite web|url=https://www.state.gov/major-non-nato-ally-status/|title=Major Non-NATO Ally Status|access-date=21 May 2022|archive-date=27 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227062358/https://www.state.gov/major-non-nato-ally-status/|url-status=live}}</ref> Argentina be a developing country plus de second-highest HDI (human development index) insyd Latin America after [[Chile]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Argentina – Human Development Index – HDI 2021 {{!}} countryeconomy.com|url=https://countryeconomy.com/hdi/argentina|access-date=28 May 2023|website=countryeconomy.com|language=en|archive-date=28 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528223912/https://countryeconomy.com/hdi/argentina|url-status=live}}</ref> E dey maintain de second-largest economy insyd South America, wey ebe a member of G-15 den G20. Argentina sanso be a founding member of de United Nations, World Bank, World Trade Organization, Mercosur, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States den de Organization of Ibero-American States. == Demographics == === '''Urbanization''' === {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="8" | Largest cities anaa towns insyd Argentina (2021 INDEC metro area estimate)<ref>[https://www.indec.gob.ar/uploads/informesdeprensa/mercado_trabajo_eph_4trim211A57838DEC.pdf "Encuesta Permanente de Hogares"] (PDF). Indec. March 2022. p. 17.</ref> |- !Rank !Name !Province !Pop. !Rank !Name !Province !Pop. |- |1 |Buenos Aires |''(Autonomous city)'' |3,003,000 |11 |Resistencia |Chaco |418,000 |- |2 |Córdoba |Córdoba |1,577,000 |12 |Santiago del Estero |Santiago del Estero |407,000 |- |3 |Rosario |Santa Fe |1,333,000 |13 |Corrientes |Corrientes |384,000 |- |4 |Mendoza |Mendoza |1,036,000 |14 |Posadas |Misiones |378,000 |- |5 |San Miguel de Tucumán |Tucumán |909,000 |15 |San Salvador de Jujuy |Jujuy |351,000 |- |6 |La Plata |Buenos Aires |909,000 |16 |Bahía Blanca |Buenos Aires |317,000 |- |7 |Mar del Plata |Buenos Aires |651,000 |17 |Neuquén |Neuquén |313,000 |- |8 |Salta |Salta |647,000 |18 |Paraná |Entre Ríos |283,000 |- |9 |San Juan |San Juan |542,000 |19 |Formosa |Formosa |256,000 |- |10 |Santa Fe |Santa Fe |540,000 |20 |Comodoro Rivadavia |Chubut |243,000 |} == References == <references /> == Bibliography == === Legal documents === * National Constituent Convention (22 August 1994), ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20040509144959/http://www.senado.gov.ar/web/interes/constitucion/english.php Constitution of the Argentine Nation]'', Santa Fe: Argentine Senate, archived from [http://www.senado.gov.ar/web/interes/constitucion/english.php the original] on 9 May 2004 === Articles === * {{cite journal|last1=Bolt|first1=Jutta|last2=Van Zanden|first2=Jan Luiten|title=The First Update of the Maddison Project; Re-estimating Growth Before 1820|url=http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/maddison-project/data/mpd_2013-01.xlsx|format=XLS|journal=Maddison Project Working Paper 4|year=2013|access-date=1 March 2014|archive-date=5 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105044340/http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/maddison-project/data/mpd_2013-01.xlsx|url-status=live}} * {{cite journal|last1=Colantoni|first1=Laura|last2=Gurlekian|first2=Jorge|title=Convergence and intonation. Historical evidence from Buenos Aires Spanish|journal=Bilingualism: Language and Cognition|volume=7|issue=2|place=Cambridge, UK|date=August 2004|pages=107–19|doi=10.1017/S1366728904001488|hdl=11336/118441|s2cid=56111230|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726085900/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5602/592422ab3fa2442138ac0c00ecd0aa4374bb.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200726085900/https://web.archive.org/web/20200726085900/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5602/592422ab3fa2442138ac0c00ecd0aa4374bb.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 July 2020}} * {{cite magazine|last1=Cruz|first1=Arturo Jr.|title=Glory Past but Not Forgotten|magazine=Insight on the News|volume=6|issue=32|publisher=News World Communications|place=New York|date=6 August 1990|page=8}} * {{cite book <!-- no bot -->|last1=DellaPergola|first1=Sergio|chapter=World Jewish Population, 2013|chapter-url=http://www.jewishdatabank.org/Studies/downloadFile.cfm?FileID=3113|volume=113|editor1-last=Dashefsky|editor1-first=Arnold|editor2-last=Sheskin|editor2-first=Ira|title=The American Jewish Year Book, 2013|publisher=Springer|place=Dordrecht|year=2013|pages=279–358|isbn=978-3-319-01658-0|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-01658-0_6|series=American Jewish Year Book}} * {{cite journal|last1=Long|first1=Marshall|title=What is So Special About Shoebox Halls? Envelopment, Envelopment, Envelopment|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808081005/http://www.mlacoustics.com/PDF/Shoebox.pdf|journal=Acoustics Today|volume=5|issue=2|date=April 2009|pages=21–25|doi=10.1121/1.3182843|access-date=19 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808081005/http://www.mlacoustics.com/PDF/Shoebox.pdf|archive-date=8 August 2017|url-status=dead}} * {{cite journal|last=Malamud|first=Andrés|title=A Leader Without Followers? The Growing Divergence Between the Regional and Global Performance of Brazilian Foreign Policy|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_latin-american-politics-and-society_fall-2011_53_3/page/n6|journal=Latin American Politics and Society|volume=53|issue=3|place=Lisbon|year=2011|pages=1–24|doi=10.1111/j.1548-2456.2011.00123.x|hdl=10451/15545|s2cid=154469332|hdl-access=free}} * {{cite web|last1=Mallimaci|first1=Fortunato|last2=Esquivel|first2=Juan Cruz|last3=Irrazábal|first3=Gabriela|date=26 August 2008|title=Primera Encuesta Sobre Creencias y Actitudes Religiosas En Argentina|publisher=CONICET – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas|place=Buenos Aires|language=Es|url=http://www.ceil-conicet.gov.ar/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/encuesta1.pdf|access-date=7 May 2014|archive-date=10 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151010051330/http://edant.clarin.com/diario/2008/08/27/um/encuesta1.pdf|url-status=live}} * {{cite web|last1=Solomon|first1=Hussein|year=1997|title=South African Foreign Policy, Middle Power Leadership and Preventive Diplomacy|publisher=Centre for International Political Studies|place=Pretoria, South Africa|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419052314/http://www.cips.up.ac.za/files/pdf/uafspublications/South%20African%20foreign%20policy%2C%20middle%20power%20leadership%20and%20preventive%20diplomacy.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419052314/https://web.archive.org/web/20140419052314/http://www.cips.up.ac.za/files/pdf/uafspublications/South%20African%20foreign%20policy%2C%20middle%20power%20leadership%20and%20preventive%20diplomacy.pdf|archive-date=19 April 2014}} === Books === * {{cite book|last=Abad de Santillán|first=Diego|title=Historia Argentina|publisher=Tipográfica Editora Argentina|place=Buenos Aires|year=1971|language=es}} * {{cite book|last1=Adler|first1=Emanuel|last2=Greve|first2=Patricia|title=Globalising the Regional, Regionalising the Global|series=Review of International Studies|volume=35|contribution=When security community meets balance of power: overlapping regional mechanisms of security governance|editor-last=Fawn|editor-first=Rick|publisher=Cambridge University Press|place=Cambridge|year=2009|pages=59–84|isbn=978-0-521-75988-5}} * {{cite book|last1=Aeberhard|first1=Danny|last2=Benson|first2=Andrew|last3=Phillips|first3=Lucy|title=The rough guide to Argentina|url=https://archive.org/details/roughguidetoarge0000aebe_z0y6|url-access=registration|publisher=Rough Guides|place=London|year=2000|isbn=978-1-85828-569-6}} * {{cite book|last=Akstinat|first=Björn|title=Handbuch der deutschsprachigen Presse im Ausland|publisher=IMH–Verlag|place=Berlin|year=2013|language=de|isbn=978-3-9815158-1-7}} * {{cite book|last1=Anderson|first1=Sean K.|last2=Sloan|first2=Stephen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aVcG7EkuPgAC|title=Historical Dictionary of Terrorism|publisher=Scarecrow Press|date=3 August 2009|access-date=19 December 2022|isbn=9780810863118|archive-date=29 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129143454/https://books.google.com/books?id=aVcG7EkuPgAC|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Arbena|first=Joseph|title=Latin American sport: an annotated bibliography, 1988-1998|series=Bibliographies and indexes on sports history|volume=3|publisher=Greenwood Press|place=Westport, CT|year=1999|isbn=978-0-3132-9611-6}} * {{cite book|editor-last1=Arbena|editor-first1=Joseph|editor-last2=LaFrance|editor-first2=David Gerald|title=Sport in Latin America and the Caribbean|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|place=Lanham, MD|year=2002|isbn=978-0-8420-2821-9}} * {{cite book|last=Barnes|first=John|title=Evita, First Lady: A Biography of Eva Perón|publisher=Grove Press|place=New York|year=1978|isbn=978-0-8021-3479-0|url=https://archive.org/details/evitafirstlady00john}} * {{cite book|last=Bidart Campos|first=Germán J.|title=Manual de la Constitución Reformada|volume=I|publisher=Ediar|place=Buenos Aires|year=2005|language=es|isbn=978-950-574-121-2}} * {{cite book|last=Bloom|first=Harold|title=The Western Canon:la The Books and School of the Ages|publisher=Harcourt Brace & Company|place=New York|year=1994|isbn=978-1-57322-514-4|url=https://archive.org/details/westerncanonbook00bloo}} * {{cite book|last=Boughton|first=James M.|title=Tearing Down Walls. 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book|last=McKinney|first=Kevin|title=Everyday geography|publisher=GuildAmerica Books|place=New York|year=1993|isbn=978-1-56865-032-6|url=https://archive.org/details/everydaygeograph00mcki}} * {{cite book|last1=Menutti|first1=Adela|last2=Menutti|first2=María Mercedes|title=Geografía Argentina y Universal|publisher=Edil|place=Buenos Aires|year=1980|language=es}} * {{cite book|last=Miller|first=Marilyn Grace|title=Rise and Fall of the Cosmic Race|year=2004|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=0-292-70572-7|pages=82–89|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fK1xia7EQjkC&pg=PA86|access-date=22 March 2009|archive-date=29 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129143447/https://books.google.com/books?id=fK1xia7EQjkC&pg=PA86#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Morris|first=Michael|title=The Strait of Magellan|series=International Straits of the World|volume=11|editor-last=Mangone|editor-first=Gerard|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff 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F.|year=1948|language=es}} * {{cite book|last=Traba|first=Juan|title=Origen de la palabra "¿¡Argentina!?"|publisher=Escuela de Artes Gráficas del Colegio San José|place=Rosario, SF, Argentina|year=1985|language=es}} * {{cite book|last=Vanossi|first=Jorge R.|series=Cuadernos de ciencia política de la Asociación Argentina de Ciencia Política|volume=2|title=Situación actual del federalismo: aspectos institucionales y económicos, en particular sobre la realidad argentina|publisher=Ediciones Depalma|place=Buenos Aires|year=1964|language=es}} * {{cite book|last=Wilson|first=Jonathan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NP7cCgAAQBAJ|title=Angels with Dirty Faces: How Argentinian Soccer Defined a Nation and Changed the Game Forever|publisher=PublicAffairs|date=23 August 2016|access-date=19 December 2022|isbn=9781568585529|archive-date=18 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418040522/https://books.google.com/books?id=NP7cCgAAQBAJ|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Wood|first=Bernard|title=The middle powers and the general interest|url=https://archive.org/details/middlepowersgene0000wood|url-access=registration|publisher=North–South Institute|place=Ottawa|year=1988|isbn=978-0-920494-81-3}} * {{cite book|last1=Young|first1=Richard|last2=Cisneros|first2=Odile|title=Historical Dictionary of Latin American Literature and Theater|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000youn|url-access=registration|publisher=Scarecrow Press|place=Lanham, MD|year=2010|isbn=978-0-8108-7498-5}} * {{cite book|last=Young|first=Ronald|title=Encyclopedia of World Geography|volume=I|contribution=Argentina|editor-last=McColl|editor-first=Robert W.|publisher=Golson Books|place=New York|year=2005|pages=51–53|isbn=978-0-8160-7229-3}} == Read further == * {{cite book|last=Calvo|first=Carlos|title=Anales históricos de la revolucion de la América latina, acompañados de los documentos en su apoyo. Desde el año 1808 hasta el reconocimiento de la independencia de ese extenso continente|volume=2|publisher=A. Durand|place=Paris|year=1864|language=es}} * {{cite book|last=Crooker|first=Richard A.|title=Argentina|publisher=Infobase Publishing|place=New York|year=2009|isbn=978-1-4381-0481-2}} * {{cite book|last=Ferro|first=Carlos A.|title=Historia de la Bandera Argentina|publisher=Ediciones Depalma|place=Buenos Aires|year=1991|language=es|isbn=978-950-14-0610-8}} * {{cite book|last=Maddison|first=Angus|title=Monitoring the World Economy 1820–1992|url=https://archive.org/details/monitoringworlde0000madd|publisher=OECD Publishing|place=Paris|year=1995|isbn=978-92-64-14549-8}} * {{cite book|last=Maddison|first=Angus|title=The World Economy: A Millennial Perspective|url=https://archive.org/details/worldeconomymill0000angu|publisher=OECD Publishing|year=2001|isbn=978-92-64-18654-5}} * {{cite book|last=Margheritis|first=Ana|title=Argentina's foreign policy: domestic politics and democracy promotion in the Americas|publisher=FirstForumPress|place=Boulder, CO|year=2010|isbn=978-1-935049-19-7}} == External links == {{sister project links|auto=1|wikt=y|q=y|s=y|b=y|v=y}} * [https://www.argentina.gob.ar/ Official website] * [http://www.argentina.travel/en National Institute of Tourism Promotion] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210417040319/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/argentina/ Argentina]. ''The World Factbook''. Central Intelligence Agency. * [http://lanic.utexas.edu/la/argentina/ Argentina] at the Latin American Network Information Center * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080821135441/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/argentina.htm Argentina] at the University Libraries – University of Colorado Boulder * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=AR Key Development Forecasts for Argentina] at International Futures * {{osmrelation-inline|286393}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Argentina| ]] [[Category:1816 establishments insyd South America]] [[Category:Christian states]] [[Category:Countries for South America insyd]] [[Category:Federal constitutional republics]] [[Category:Former Spanish colonies]] [[Category:G15 nations]] [[Category:G20 members]] [[Category:Member states of Mercosur]] [[Category:Member states of de United Nations]] [[Category:Republics]] [[Category:Spanish-speaking countries den territories]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1816]] 3e5nq65y1vwm1dlf9o7qjo3urfmqm1k 0 13006 112490 83412 2026-09-25T01:08:22Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112490 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Haseki_Sultan_Complex_Gurlitt_1912.jpg|right|thumb|413x413px|Elevations den plans Cornelius Gurlitt publish insyd 1912]] De '''Haseki Sultan Complex''' (sanso be '''Hürrem Sultan Complex''') (Turkish: ''Haseki Hürrem Sultan Külliyesi'') be a 16th-century Ottoman imperial mosque complex insyd de Fatih district of Istanbul, [[Turkey]]. Na ebe de first royal project designed by de chief imperial architect Mimar Sinan. == History == Na Haseki Hürrem Sultan, de wifey of de Ottoman Sultan Suleiman de Magnificent commission de mosque complex. Na she marry de sultan around 1534 wey she probably use ein dowry make she finance de project.<ref>[[:en:Haseki_Sultan_Complex#CITEREFNecipo%C4%9Flu2005|Necipoğlu 2005]], p. 268.</ref> Na de architect Mimar Sinan design de buildings. Na ebe ein first imperial project wey ebe possible say na sam elements be planned by ein predecessor.<ref name=":0">[[:en:Haseki_Sultan_Complex#CITEREFNecipo%C4%9Flu2005|Necipoğlu 2005]], p. 271.</ref> De complex contain a Friday mosque, a soup-kitchen (''imaret''), a madrasa, an elementary school (''mektep'') den a hospital (''darüssifa'').<ref name=":0" /> Na dem build de large complex for chaw stages insyd for either side of a narrow street. Na dem plete de mosque insyd 1538–39 (AH 945), na dem plete de madrasa a year later insyd 1539–40 (AH 946) den de soup-kitchen insyd 1540–41 (AH 947). Na dem no plete de hospital til 1550–51 (AH 957).<ref name=":0" /> == Description == Dem construct de simple mosque plus alternating courses of stone den brick wey get a single-galleried minaret. De portico get five arches plus five small domes wey six thin marble columns dey support. Originally na de prayer-hall be covered by a single dome plus a diameter of 11.3 meters.<ref name=":1">[[:en:Haseki_Sultan_Complex#CITEREFNecipo%C4%9Flu2005|Necipoğlu 2005]], p. 274.</ref> Insyd 1612–13, during de reign of Ahmed I, na dem enlarge de mosque make e accommodate an increased congregation. Na dem add a second dome wey dem double de prayer hall for size insyd.<ref name=":0" /> De painted decorations for de dome top no be original. Unlike de madrasa den de soup-kitchen, de mosque dey lack any ''cuerda seca'' tile-work.<ref name=":1" /> De hospital get octagonal courtyard wey ebe de building per insyd de complex plus an ashlar construction.<ref name=":1" /> De carved stone inscription over de entrance from de street be a chronogram insyd Turkish wey dey give de date of construction.<ref name=":0" /> De madrasa be U-shaped around a central courtyard plus 16 small cells den a lecture hall.<ref>[[:en:Haseki_Sultan_Complex#CITEREFGoodwin1971|Goodwin 1971]], p. 204.</ref> Dem sanso arrange de soup-kitchen around a courtyard. De cooking area for de northern end four octagonal chimneys.<ref>[[:en:Haseki_Sultan_Complex#CITEREFGoodwin1971|Goodwin 1971]], p. 205.</ref> A account book wey survive dey show say na der be originally tiled lunette panels above six of de windows.<ref>[[:en:Haseki_Sultan_Complex#CITEREFNecipo%C4%9Flu2005|Necipoğlu 2005]], p. 272.</ref> Na dem restore de complex insyd 2010–2012.<ref>[[:en:Haseki_Sultan_Complex#CITEREFAlio%C4%9FluOlcayS%C3%BCnnet%C3%A7i2012|Alioğlu, Olcay & Sünnetçi 2012]].</ref> ==Gallery== <gallery> File:Haseki complex 9935.jpg|Haseki mosque from street File:Haseki complex 5966.jpg|Haseki mosque general view File:Haseki complex 5965.jpg|Haseki mosque original part File:Haseki complex 5963.jpg|Haseki mosque part dem add plus hünkar mahfili File:Haseki complex 5962.jpg|Haseki mosque, de first den second domes File:Haseki complex 0954.jpg|Haseki complex entrance to sam buildings File:Haseki complex 1358.jpg|Haseki complex west side File:Haseki complex 0952.jpg|Haseki complex kitchens of imaret </gallery> == References == <references /> ==Sources== *{{cite journal | last1=Alioğlu | first1=E. Füsun | last2=Olcay | first2=Aydemir | last3=Sünnetçi | first3=Ebru | year=2012 | title=Haseki Hürrem Sultan Külliyesi 2010-2012 Yılları Restorasyonu | journal=Vakıf Restorasyon Yıllığı | volume=4 | pages=17–29 | place=Istanbul | publisher=Turkish Government, Istanbul Region | issn=2146-3166 | language=Turkish | url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304085304/http://istanbulavrupa.vgm.gov.tr/editor/file/Vak%C4%B1f%20Restorasyon%20Y%C4%B1ll%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1/SAYI%204/4003%20Haseki%20H%C3%BCrrem%20Sultan%20K%C3%BClliyesi(1).pdf | access-date=2015-02-25 | archive-date=2016-03-04 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304085304/http://istanbulavrupa.vgm.gov.tr/editor/file/Vak%C4%B1f%20Restorasyon%20Y%C4%B1ll%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1/SAYI%204/4003%20Haseki%20H%C3%BCrrem%20Sultan%20K%C3%BClliyesi(1).pdf | url-status=dead }} *{{cite book | last=Goodwin | first=Godfrey | year=1971 | title=A History of Ottoman Architecture | url=https://archive.org/details/historyofottoman0000good_o1e5 | url-access=registration | publisher=Thames and Hudson | place=London | isbn=0-500-27429-0 }} * {{cite book | last= Necipoğlu | first=Gülru | year=2005 | title=The Age of Sinan: Architectural Culture in the Ottoman Empire | publisher=Reaktion Books | place=London | isbn=978-1-86189-253-9 }} == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150225172453/http://archnet.org/sites/1990 Haseki Hürrem Sultan Külliyesi], Archnet * [http://www.pbase.com/dosseman/haseki Photographs of the mosque by Dick Osseman] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20151025112908/http://mitademo.com/mimarlik/egitim-yapilari-mimarlik/a-historical-look-to-educational-buildings-istanbul-haseki-kulliye-madrasah/ A Historical Look to Educational Buildings: Istanbul Haseki Kulliye Madrasah - Mitademo] at the Wayback Machine (archived 25 October 2015) [[Category:Fatih]] [[Category:Mimar Sinan buildings]] [[Category:Ottoman mosques insyd Istanbul]] [[Category:Mosques dem plete insyd de 1530s]] [[Category:1539 establishments insyd de Ottoman Empire]] [[Category:Religious buildings den structures dem plete insyd 1539]] [[Category:2025 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] pvtksfaxxf8yjh53purhl0qpbb60z0z 0 13099 112491 110941 2026-09-25T01:11:13Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 13 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112491 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hong Kong''' be special administrative region for [[China]]. Dem get 7.4 million residents of various nationalities insyd a 1,104-square-kilometre (426 sq mi) territory, Hong Kong be de fourth most densely populated region insyd de world. Dem establish Hong Kong as a colony of de British Empire after de Qing dynasty lef Hong Kong Island for 1841–1842 as a consequence of losing de First Opium War. Na de colony expand to de Kowloon Peninsula for 1860 wey na dem further extend wen de [[United Kingdom]] obtain a 99-year lease of de New Territories for 1898. Japan occupy Hong Kong for 1941 til 1945 wen dem fight World War II. Na dem hand over de territory over from de United Kingdom to China for 1997. Hong Kong maintain separate governing den economic system wey be different from mainland China under de principle of one country, two systems. == Geography == === Climate === {{Weather box|location=Hong Kong (Hong Kong Observatory), normals 1991–2020, Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data in Hong Kong from 1991 to 2020. extremes 1884–1939 and 1947–present|metric first=Y|single line=Y|collapsed=Y|Jan record high C=26.9|Feb record high C=28.3|Mar record high C=31.5|Apr record high C=33.4|May record high C=36.1|Jun record high C=35.6|Jul record high C=36.1|Aug record high C=36.6|Sep record high C=35.9|Oct record high C=34.6|Nov record high C=31.8|Dec record high C=28.7|year record high C=36.6|Jan avg record high C=24.0|Feb avg record high C=25.1|Mar avg record high C=27.5|Apr avg record high C=30.2|May avg record high C=32.3|Jun avg record high C=33.6|Jul avg record high C=34.1|Aug avg record high C=34.2|Sep avg record high C=33.4|Oct avg record high C=31.3|Nov avg record high C=28.4|Dec avg record high C=25.1|year avg record high C=34.7|Jan high C=18.7|Feb high C=19.4|Mar high C=21.9|Apr high C=25.6|May high C=28.8|Jun high C=30.7|Jul high C=31.6|Aug high C=31.3|Sep high C=30.5|Oct high C=28.1|Nov high C=24.5|Dec high C=20.4|year high C=26.0|Jan mean C=16.5|Feb mean C=17.1|Mar mean C=19.5|Apr mean C=23.0|May mean C=26.3|Jun mean C=28.3|Jul mean C=28.9|Aug mean C=28.7|Sep mean C=27.9|Oct mean C=25.7|Nov mean C=22.2|Dec mean C=18.2|year mean C=23.5|Jan low C=14.6|Feb low C=15.3|Mar low C=17.6|Apr low C=21.1|May low C=24.5|Jun low C=26.5|Jul low C=26.9|Aug low C=26.7|Sep low C=26.1|Oct low C=23.9|Nov low C=20.3|Dec low C=16.2|year low C=21.6|Jan avg record low C=9.1|Feb avg record low C=10.2|Mar avg record low C=12.2|Apr avg record low C=16.3|May avg record low C=20.7|Jun avg record low C=23.6|Jul avg record low C=24.2|Aug avg record low C=24.3|Sep avg record low C=23.5|Oct avg record low C=20.1|Nov avg record low C=15.3|Dec avg record low C=10.1|year avg record low C=7.8|Jan record low C=0.0|Feb record low C=2.4|Mar record low C=4.8|Apr record low C=9.9|May record low C=15.4|Jun record low C=19.2|Jul record low C=21.7|Aug record low C=21.6|Sep record low C=18.4|Oct record low C=13.5|Nov record low C=6.5|Dec record low C=4.3|year record low C=0.0|rain colour=green|Jan rain mm=33.2|Feb rain mm=38.9|Mar rain mm=75.3|Apr rain mm=153.0|May rain mm=290.6|Jun rain mm=491.5|Jul rain mm=385.8|Aug rain mm=453.2|Sep rain mm=321.4|Oct rain mm=120.3|Nov rain mm=39.3|Dec rain mm=28.8|year rain mm=2431.2|unit rain days=0.1 mm|Jan rain days=5.70|Feb rain days=7.97|Mar rain days=10.50|Apr rain days=11.37|May rain days=15.37|Jun rain days=19.33|Jul rain days=18.43|Aug rain days=17.50|Sep rain days=14.90|Oct rain days=7.83|Nov rain days=5.70|Dec rain days=5.30|year rain days=139.90|Jan humidity=74|Feb humidity=79|Mar humidity=82|Apr humidity=83|May humidity=83|Jun humidity=82|Jul humidity=81|Aug humidity=81|Sep humidity=78|Oct humidity=73|Nov humidity=72|Dec humidity=70|year humidity=78|Jan dew point C=11.7|Feb dew point C=13.2|Mar dew point C=16.1|Apr dew point C=19.7|May dew point C=23.0|Jun dew point C=24.9|Jul dew point C=25.2|Aug dew point C=25.1|Sep dew point C=23.6|Oct dew point C=20.2|Nov dew point C=16.7|Dec dew point C=12.4|year dew point C=19.3|Jan sun=145.8|Feb sun=101.7|Mar sun=100.0|Apr sun=113.2|May sun=138.8|Jun sun=144.3|Jul sun=197.3|Aug sun=182.1|Sep sun=174.4|Oct sun=197.8|Nov sun=172.3|Dec sun=161.6|year sun=1829.3|Jan percentsun=43|Feb percentsun=32|Mar percentsun=27|Apr percentsun=30|May percentsun=34|Jun percentsun=36|Jul percentsun=48|Aug percentsun=46|Sep percentsun=47|Oct percentsun=55|Nov percentsun=52|Dec percentsun=48|year percentsun=41|source 1=Hong Kong Observatory<ref name="met_norms">{{cite web |url=https://www.hko.gov.hk/en/cis/normal/1991_2020/normals.htm |title=Monthly Meteorological Normals for Hong Kong (1991–2020) |publisher=Hong Kong Observatory |access-date=7 February 2021 |archive-date=8 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208043254/https://www.hko.gov.hk/en/cis/normal/1991_2020/normals.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="extremeshko">{{cite web |url=http://www.weather.gov.hk/en/cis/extreme/mon_extreme.htm |title=Extreme Values of Meteorological Elements in Hong Kong and their Occurrence Dates (1884–1939, 1947–2024) |publisher=Hong Kong Observatory |access-date=7 February 2021 |archive-date=8 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208053745/http://www.weather.gov.hk/en/cis/extreme/mon_extreme.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="meanmaxmin">{{cite web |url=https://www.hko.gov.hk/en/cis/monthlyElement.htm |title=Monthly Data for Single Element |publisher=Hong Kong Observatory |access-date=16 February 2022 |archive-date=9 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220209091006/https://www.hko.gov.hk/en/cis/monthlyElement.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>}} == References == <references /> === Sources === ==== Print ==== * {{cite book|last1=Ban|first1=Biao 班彪|last2=Ban|first2=Gu 班固|last3=Ban|first3=Zhao 班昭|script-chapter=zh:地理志|trans-chapter=Treatise on geography|title=Book of Han|url=http://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7028%E4%B8%8B|year=111|language=zh|volume=28|oclc=4342548}} * {{cite book|last=Barber|first=Nicola|year=2004|title=Hong Kong|publisher=Gareth Stevens|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xY3y9kR5EOgC|isbn=978-0-8368-5198-4}} * {{cite book|last1=Bishop|first1=Kevin|last2=Roberts|first2=Annabel|title=China's Imperial Way|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1c0UyPNF_I0C|year=1997|publisher=Odyssey Publications|isbn=978-962-217-511-2}} * {{cite book|last=Buckley|first=Roger|url=https://archive.org/details/hongkongroadto190000buck|url-access=registration|title=Hong Kong: The 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Tauris|isbn=978-1-84511-419-0}} * {{cite book|last=von Glahn|first=Richard|title=Fountain of Fortune: Money and Monetary Policy in China, 1000–1700|year=1996|publisher=University of California Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DNlv4f9tV_AC|isbn=978-0-520-91745-3}} * Wasserstrom, Jeffrey. ''Vigil: Hong Kong on the Brink'' (2020) [https://www.wsj.com/articles/vigil-hong-kong-on-the-brink-review-the-origins-of-deance-11581974256 Online review] * {{cite book|last=Wills|first=John E.|chapter=Relations with Maritime Europe, 1514–1662|editor1-last=Twitchett|editor1-first=Denis|editor2-last=Mote|editor2-first=Frederick W.|title=The Cambridge History of China: Volume 8, The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644|volume=2|pages=333–375|year=1998|publisher=Cambridge University Press|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tVhvh6ibLJcC|isbn=978-0-521-24333-9|doi=10.1017/CHOL9780521243339.009}} * {{cite book|last=Wiltshire|first=Trea|title=Old Hong Kong Volume II: 1901–1945|publisher=FormAsia Books|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0fhjrgEACAAJ|edition=5th|year=1997|isbn=978-962-7283-13-3}} * {{cite book|last=Wong|first=Siu Lun|title=Emigration and stability in Hong Kong|date=1992|publisher=University of Hong Kong|url=https://hub.hku.hk/bitstream/10722/42565/1/07.pdf|isbn=978-962-7558-09-5}} * {{cite book|last=Wordie|first=Jason|title=Streets: Exploring Kowloon|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AyfPeYnp3-oC|year=2007|isbn=978-962-209-813-8}} * {{cite book|title=UNWTO Tourism Highlights: 2017 Edition|date=2017|publisher=World Tourism Organization|doi=10.18111/9789284419029|isbn=978-92-844-1901-2|url=https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/5202|ref={{harvid|WTO|2017}}|last1=Magalhães|first1=Bianca dos Santos}} * {{cite book|last1=Xi|first1=Xu|last2=Ingham|first2=Mike|title=City Voices: Hong Kong writing in English, 1945–present|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2f3IAQAAQBAJ|isbn=978-962-209-605-9}} * {{cite book|last=Xue|first=Charlie Q.L.|title=Hong Kong Architecture 1945–2015: From Colonial to Global|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-981-10-1003-3|doi=10.1007/978-981-10-1004-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5xZkDAAAQBAJ|date=2016}} * {{cite book|last1=Yanne|first1=Andrew|last2=Heller|first2=Gillis|date=2009|title=Signs of a Colonial Era|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DpOQrEVBcX4C|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|isbn=978-962-209-944-9}} * {{cite book|last=Yeung|first=Rikkie|title=Moving Millions: The Commercial Success and Political Controversies of Hong Kong's Railways|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VUfqAQAAQBAJ|isbn=978-962-209-963-0}} * {{cite book|last1=Young|first1=Simon N.M.|last2=Cullen|first2=Richard|title=Electing Hong Kong's Chief Executive|publisher=Hong Kong University Press|year=2010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Px1WflAKjwEC|isbn=978-988-8028-39-9}} * {{cite book|last=Zhihong|first=Shi|chapter=China's Overseas Trade Policy and Its Historical Results: 1522–1840|pages=4–23|editor1-last=Latham|editor1-first=A.J.H.|editor2-last=Kawakatsu|editor2-first=Heita|title=Intra-Asian Trade and the World Market|year=2006|publisher=Routledge|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mLBgaa8d4aMC|isbn=978-0-415-37207-7}} ==== Academic publications ==== * {{cite journal|last=Chen|first=Li|year=2011|title=Universalism and Equal Sovereignty as Contested Myths of International Law in the Sino-Western Encounter|journal=Journal of the History of International Law|volume=13|issue=1|pages=75–116|doi=10.1163/157180511X552054}} * {{cite journal|last=Cheng|first=Edmund W.|title=Street Politics in a Hybrid Regime: The Diffusion of Political Activism in Post-colonial Hong Kong|journal=The China Quarterly|date=June 2016|volume=226|pages=383–406|doi=10.1017/S0305741016000394|doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal|last1=Cheng|first1=Sheung-Tak|last2=Lum|first2=Terry|last3=Lam|first3=Linda C. W.|last4=Fung|first4=Helene H.|year=2013|title=Hong Kong: Embracing a Fast Aging Society With Limited Welfare|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_gerontologist_2013-08_53_4/page/n8|journal=The Gerontologist|volume=53|issue=4|pages=527–533|doi=10.1093/geront/gnt017|pmid=23528290|doi-access=}} * {{cite journal|last=Cullinane|first=S.|title=The relationship between car ownership and public transport provision: a case study of Hong Kong|year=2002|volume=9|issue=1|pages=29–39|journal=Transport Policy|doi=10.1016/S0967-070X(01)00028-2}} * {{cite journal|last=Fan|first=Shuh Ching|title=The Population of Hong Kong|year=1974|journal=World Population Year|pages=1–2|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718182324/http://www.cicred.org/Eng/Publications/pdf/c-c21.pdf|oclc=438716102}} * {{cite journal|last1=Forrest|first1=Ray|last2=La Grange|first2=Adrienne|last3=Yip|first3=Ngai-ming|title=Hong Kong as a Global City? Social Distance and Spatial Differentiation|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_urban-studies_2004-01_41_1/page/207|journal=Urban Studies|volume=41|issue=1|pages=207–227|year=2004|doi=10.1080/0042098032000155759|bibcode=2004UrbSt..41..207F|citeseerx=10.1.1.1032.5974|s2cid=154042413}} * {{cite journal|last=Fu|first=Poshek|title=Japanese Occupation, Shanghai Exiles, and Postwar Hong Kong Cinema|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_china-quarterly_2008-06_194/page/n111|journal=The China Quarterly|year=2008|volume=194|issue=194|pages=380–394|doi=10.1017/S030574100800043X|jstor=20192203|s2cid=154730809}} * {{cite journal|author=Fulton Commission|title=Report of the Fulton Commission, 1963: Commission to Advise on the Creation of a Federal-Type Chinese University in Hong Kong|url=https://archive.org/details/minerva_summer-1963_1_4/page/493|journal=Minerva|year=1963|volume=1|issue=4|pages=493–507|jstor=41821589|doi=10.1007/bf01107190|s2cid=189763965}} * {{cite journal|last=Jordan|first=Ann D.|title=Lost in the Translation: Two Legal Cultures, the Common Law Judiciary and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region|journal=Cornell International Law Journal|url=https://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1401&context=cilj|volume=30|issue=2|year=1997|pages=335–380}} * {{cite book|last=Lee|first=John|title=2012 International Conference on Asian Language Processing|chapter=A Corpus-Based Analysis of Mixed Code in Hong Kong Speech|date=2012|pages=165–168|doi=10.1109/IALP.2012.10|isbn=978-1-4673-6113-2|s2cid=16210378}} * {{cite journal|last1=Lee|first1=Kwai Sang|last2=Leung|first2=Wai Mun|title=The status of Cantonese in the education policy of Hong Kong|journal=Multilingual Education|volume=2|issue=2|page=2|year=2012|doi=10.1186/2191-5059-2-2|doi-access=free|hdl=10397/98877|hdl-access=free}} * {{cite journal|last=Lee|first=Nelson K.|title=The Changing Nature of Border, Scale and the Production of Hong Kong's Water Supply System since 1959|journal=International Journal of Urban and Regional Research|volume=38|issue=3|pages=903–921|year=2013|doi=10.1111/1468-2427.12060|doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal|last1=McKercher|first1=Bob|last2=Ho|first2=Pamela S.Y.|last3=du Cros|first3=Hilary|title=Attributes of Popular Attractions in Hong Kong|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_annals-of-tourism-research_2004-04_31_2/page/393|journal=Annals of Tourism Research|volume=31|issue=2|year=2004|pages=393–407|doi=10.1016/j.annals.2003.12.008|hdl=10397/29409}} * {{cite journal|last=Meacham|first=William|title=Neolithic to Historic in the Hong Kong Region|journal=Indo-Pacific Prehistory Association Bulletin|volume=18|issue=2|year=1999|pages=121–128|doi=10.7152/bippa.v18i0.11707|doi-broken-date=1 November 2024|eissn=0156-1316|url=http://journals.lib.washington.edu/index.php/BIPPA/article/viewFile/11707/10336|hdl=10722/208530|hdl-access=free}} * {{cite journal|last=Ming|first=Sing|title=The Legitimacy Problem and Democratic Reform in Hong Kong|journal=Journal of Contemporary China|volume=15|issue=48|year=2006|pages=517–532|doi=10.1080/10670560600736558|s2cid=154949190}} * {{cite journal|last1=Poon|first1=Simpson|last2=Chau|first2=Patrick|title=Octopus: The Growing E-payment System in Hong Kong|journal=Electronic Markets|volume=11|issue=2|year=2001|pages=97–106|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627034146/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f800/672c1448f0233ae7982444a85cf6d806b774.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627034146/https://web.archive.org/web/20180627034146/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f800/672c1448f0233ae7982444a85cf6d806b774.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=27 June 2018|doi=10.1080/101967801300197016|s2cid=18766585}} * {{cite journal|last1=Sofield|first1=Trevor H.B.|last2=Sivan|first2=Atara|title=From Cultural Festival to International Sport – The Hong Kong Dragon Boat Races|journal=Journal of Sport & Tourism|volume=8|issue=1|pages=9–20|year=2003|doi=10.1080/14775080306242|s2cid=144106613}} * {{cite journal|last1=Tong|first1=C. O.|last2=Wong|first2=S. C.|year=1997|title=The advantages of a high density, mixed land use, linear urban development|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_transportation_1997-08_24_3/page/295|journal=Transportation|volume=24|issue=3|pages=295–307|doi=10.1023/A:1004987422746|s2cid=152365622}} * {{cite journal|last1=Wong|first1=Eliza L.Y.|last2=Yeoh|first2=Eng-kiong|last3=Chau|first3=Patsy Y.K.|last4=Yam|first4=Carrie H.K.|last5=Cheung|first5=Annie W.L.|last6=Fung|first6=Hong|title=How shall we examine and learn about public-private partnerships (PPPs) in the health sector? Realist evaluation of PPPs in Hong Kong|journal=Social Science & Medicine|volume=147|year=2015|pages=261–269|doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.11.012|doi-access=free|pmid=26605970}} ==== Institutional reports ==== * {{cite report|title=A List of Licensed Broadcasting Services in Hong Kong|publisher=Office of the Communications Authority|date=1 June 2018|url=https://www.ofca.gov.hk/filemanager/ofca/en/content_108/channel_list_eng.pdf|ref=Licensed Broadcasting Services 2018}} * {{cite report|title=Adaptation of Laws Programme – Guiding Principles and Guideline Glossary of Terms|publisher=Legislative Council|date=November 1998|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr98-99/english/bc/bc55/papers/p739e1.pdf|ref=Adaptation of Laws Guidelines 1998}} * {{cite report|title=Agriculture and Fisheries|work=Hong Kong: The Facts|publisher=Hong Kong Government|date=May 2017|url=https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/agriculture.pdf|ref={{harvid|Agriculture and Fisheries Facts|2017}}}} * {{cite report|title=Airport Traffic Report|publisher=Port Authority of New York and New Jersey|date=14 April 2017|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525172312/http://www.panynj.gov/airports/pdf-traffic/ATR2016.pdf|ref=NY/NJ Port Authority Airport Traffic 2017|access-date=20 November 2017|archive-date=25 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525172312/https://web.archive.org/web/20170525172312/http://www.panynj.gov/airports/pdf-traffic/ATR2016.pdf|url-status=dead}} * {{cite report|title=Akamai's State of the Internet – Q1 2017 Report|publisher=Akamai Technologies|year=2017|url=https://www.akamai.com/us/en/multimedia/documents/state-of-the-internet/q1-2017-state-of-the-internet-connectivity-report.pdf|ref=Akamai's State of the Internet 2017}} * {{cite report|title=Annual Report 2016/17|publisher=Airport Authority Hong Kong|date=12 June 2017|url=http://www.hongkongairport.com/iwov-resources/file/airport-authority/publications/annual-and-interim-reports/en/16_17/1617_Annual_Report_EN.pdf|ref=HKIA Annual Report 2017}} * {{cite report|title=Annual Report 2016–17|publisher=Inland Revenue Department|year=2017|url=https://www.ird.gov.hk/dar/2016-17/table/en/ar_1617.pdf|ref=Inland Revenue Annual Report 2017}} * {{cite report|title=Annual Report 2017|publisher=Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels|year=2017|url=https://www.hshgroup.com/-/media/Files/HSH/Financial-Reports/2017/EW00045-2017-Annual-Report.ashx|format=PDF|ref=HSH Annual Report 2017}} * {{cite report|title=Annual Report and Accounts 2011|publisher=The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation|year=2011|url=https://www.hsbc.com.hk/content/dam/hsbc/hk/docs/legal/regulatory-disclosures/report-and-accounts-11.pdf|ref=HSBC Annual Report 2011}} * {{cite report|title=APAC Regional Headquarters|publisher=Cushman & Wakefield|date=April 2016|url=http://www.cushmanwakefield.com/~/media/reports/china/Cushman%20%20Wakefield%20RHQ%20Report_2016_F4.pdf|ref=Cushman & Wakefield RHQ Report 2016|access-date=7 June 2018|archive-date=12 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143118/http://www.cushmanwakefield.com/~/media/reports/china/Cushman%20%20Wakefield%20RHQ%20Report_2016_F4.pdf|url-status=dead}} * {{cite report|title=Béthanie – The Academy's Landmark Heritage Campus|publisher=Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts|date=September 2015|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801204158/https://www.hkapa.edu/files/guide/media-publications/Bethanie-Booklet.pdf|ref=Béthanie 2015|access-date=25 June 2018|archive-date=1 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801204158/https://web.archive.org/web/20200801204158/https://www.hkapa.edu/files/guide/media-publications/Bethanie-Booklet.pdf|url-status=dead}} * {{cite report|title=Developing a Supplementary Guide to the Chinese Language Curriculum for Non-Chinese Speaking Students|publisher=Legislative Council|date=January 2008|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr07-08/english/panels/ed/papers/ed0229cb2-1238-1-e.pdf|ref=Developing a Supplementary Guide to the Chinese Language Curriculum for Non-Chinese Speaking Students 2008}} * {{cite report|title=District Administration|work=Hong Kong: The Facts|publisher=Hong Kong Government|date=April 2016|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907000229/http://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/district_admin.pdf|ref={{harvid|District Administration Facts|2016}}|access-date=18 November 2008|archive-date=7 September 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907000229/https://web.archive.org/web/20080907000229/http://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/district_admin.pdf|url-status=dead}} * {{cite report|title=Economic development: Statistical Highlights|publisher=Legislative Council|date=26 April 2017|url=https://www.legco.gov.hk/research-publications/english/1617issh25-port-of-hong-kong-20170426-e.pdf|ref=Economic Statistical Highlights 2017}} * {{cite report|title=Family Survey 2013|publisher=Legislative Council|date=July 2014|url=https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr13-14/english/panels/ws/papers/ws0609cb2-2288-2-e.pdf|ref=Family Survey 2013}} * {{cite report|title=The UK's relations with Hong Kong: 30 years after the Joint Declaration|publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom|date=6 March 2015|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201415/cmselect/cmfaff/649/649.pdf|ref=House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee Tenth Report 2015}} * {{cite report|author=Foreign and Commonwealth Office|title=Written evidence from Foreign and Commonwealth Office|publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom|date=October 2014|url=http://data.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/committeeevidence.svc/evidencedocument/foreign-affairs-committee/the-uks-relations-with-hong-kong-30-years-after-the-joint-declaration/written/14357.pdf|ref=FCO Written Evidence 2014}} * {{cite report|title=Geography and Climate|publisher=Census and Statistics Department|year=2010|url=https://www.censtatd.gov.hk/FileManager/EN/Content_810/geog.pdf|ref=Geography and Climate 2010}} * {{cite report|title=Guidelines on the Legislative Council Election|publisher=Electoral Affairs Commission|year=2016|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122213234/https://www.eac.gov.hk/pdf/legco/2016lc_guide/en/lc_full_guide.pdf|ref=Guidelines on the Legislative Council Election 2016|access-date=22 June 2018|archive-date=22 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122213234/https://web.archive.org/web/20181122213234/https://www.eac.gov.hk/pdf/legco/2016lc_guide/en/lc_full_guide.pdf|url-status=dead}} * {{cite report|title=Health Facts of Hong Kong: 2017 Edition|publisher=Department of Health|year=2017|url=http://www.dh.gov.hk/english/statistics/statistics_hs/files/Health_Statistics_pamphlet_E.pdf|ref=Health Facts 2017}} * {{cite report|title=Hong Kong as a Service Economy|work=Hong Kong: The Facts|publisher=Hong Kong Government|date=April 2016|url=https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/service_economy.pdf|ref={{harvid|Economy Facts|2016}}}} * {{cite report|title=Hong Kong Energy Statistics – 2016 Annual Report|publisher=Census and Statistics Department|date=April 2017|url=http://www.statistics.gov.hk/pub/B11000022016AN16B0100.pdf|ref=Energy Statistics Report 2017}} * {{cite report|title=The Hong Kong Government Gazette|via=University of Hong Kong|date=3 September 1926|url=http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkgro/view/g1926/100085.pdf|ref=Hong Kong Government Gazette 1926}} * {{cite report|title=Human Development Indices and Indicators – Statistical Update 2018|publisher=United Nations Development Programme|year=2018|url=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2018_human_development_statistical_update.pdf|ref=UN Human Development Indices and Indicators 2018}} * {{cite report|last1=Jiang|first1=Guorong|last2=Tang|first2=Nancy|last3=Law|first3=Eve|last4=Sze|first4=Angela|title=The Profitability of the Banking Sector in Hong Kong|publisher=Hong Kong Monetary Authority|date=September 2003|url=http://www.hkma.gov.hk/media/eng/publication-and-research/quarterly-bulletin/qb200309/fa1.pdf}} * {{cite report|title=June 2019|work=Hong Kong Monthly Digest of Statistics|publisher=Census and Statistics Department|date=June 2019|url=https://www.censtatd.gov.hk/en/data/stat_report/product/B1010002/att/B10100022019MM06B0100.pdf|ref=Monthly Statistics for June 2019}} * {{cite report|title=List of Political Affiliations of LegCo Members and DC Members|publisher=District Councils|date=19 June 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warns|url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/society/article/3235101/hong-kongs-poorest-households-struggle-benefit-post-pandemic-recovery-wealth-divide-reaches-worst|newspaper=South China Morning Post|access-date=8 June 2024}} * {{cite news|last=Yu|first=Verna|date=6 January 2013|title=Veterans who fled mainland for Hong Kong in 1970s tell their stories|newspaper=South China Morning Post|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1120852/veterans-who-fled-mainland-hong-kong-1970s-tell-their-stories|access-date=9 September 2013}} * {{cite news|last=Zhao|first=Shirley|date=6 September 2015|title='If you tell them you are Pakistani, they won't give you the flat': Finding a Hong Kong home is battle against prejudice for ethnic minorities|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1855629/if-you-tell-them-you-are-pakistani-they-wont-give-you-flat-finding|newspaper=South China Morning Post|access-date=18 November 2017}} * {{cite news|last=Zheng|first=Sarah|date=14 January 2017|title=Hong Kong's heritage sites face continued threat despite government grading system|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/education-community/article/2062004/hong-kongs-heritage-sites-face-continued-threat|newspaper=South China Morning Post|location=Hong Kong|access-date=5 March 2018}} ==== Websites ==== * {{cite web|last1=Bush|first1=Richard C.|last2=Whelan-Wuest|first2=Maeve|date=29 March 2017|title=Another Hong Kong election, another pro-Beijing leader—why it matters|url=https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2017/03/29/another-hong-kong-election-another-pro-beijing-leader-why-it-matters|website=Brookings Institution|access-date=18 November 2017}} * {{cite web|last=Desjardins|first=Jeff|date=14 March 2018|title=These 25 countries have the most billionaires|website=Business Insider|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/these-25-countries-have-the-most-billionaires-2018-3|access-date=3 April 2018}} * {{cite web|title=Disclaimer and Copyright Notice|url=http://www.legco.gov.hk/english/disclaim.htm|website=Legislative Council|access-date=27 November 2017|ref=Legislative Council Disclaimer and Copyright Notice}} * {{cite web|last=Ghoshal|first=Amoy|date=1 July 2011|title=Asian Cup: Know Your History – Part One (1956–1988)|url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/8/main/2011/01/07/2293901/asian-cup-know-your-history-part-one-1956-1988|website=Goal|access-date=5 March 2018}} * {{cite web|title=HK records hottest day before typhoon|date=23 August 2017|website=EJ Insight|url=http://www.ejinsight.com/20170823-hk-records-hottest-day-before-typhoon/|access-date=29 August 2018|ref={{sfnref|"HK records hottest day before typhoon", ''EJ Insight''}}|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180729141559/http://www.ejinsight.com/20170823-hk-records-hottest-day-before-typhoon/|archive-date=29 July 2018|url-status=dead}} * {{cite web|title=HK vs China GDP: A sobering reality|date=9 June 2017|website=EJ Insight|url=http://www.ejinsight.com/20170609-hk-versus-china-gdp-a-sobering-reality/|access-date=29 January 2018|ref={{sfnref|"HK vs China GDP: A sobering reality", ''EJ Insight''}}|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180829090354/http://www.ejinsight.com/20170609-hk-versus-china-gdp-a-sobering-reality/|archive-date=29 August 2018|url-status=dead}} * {{cite web|title=Hong Kong Activists Stare Down 'Great Firewall of China'|date=29 September 2014|publisher=NBC News|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/hong-kong-protests/hong-kong-activists-stare-down-great-firewall-china-n213911|access-date=21 June 2018|ref={{sfnref|"Hong Kong Activists Stare Down 'Great Firewall of China'", ''NBC News''}}}} * {{Cite news|title=Hong Kong profile – Media|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-16525992|date=5 March 2018|work=BBC News|access-date=29 May 2018|ref={{sfnref|"Hong Kong media profile", ''BBC News''}}}} * {{cite web|last=Kohlstedt|first=Kurt|date=5 September 2016|title=Here Be Dragons: How Feng Shui Shapes the Skyline of Hong Kong|url=https://99percentinvisible.org/article/dragons-feng-shui-shapes-skyline-hong-kong/|website=99% Invisible|access-date=23 June 2018}} * {{cite web|last=Kwong|first=Chi Man|date=9 September 2015|title=Hong Kong during World War II: A Transnational Battlefield|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627034106/http://theasiadialogue.com/2015/09/09/hong-kong-during-world-war-ii-a-transnational-battlefield/|publisher=University of Nottingham|access-date=22 January 2018|archive-date=27 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627034106/https://web.archive.org/web/20180627034106/http://theasiadialogue.com/2015/09/09/hong-kong-during-world-war-ii-a-transnational-battlefield/|url-status=dead}} * {{cite news|last1=Lam|first1=Eric|last2=Qiu|first2=Yue|date=23 June 2017|title=Hong Kong's Stock Market Tells the Story of China's Growing Dominance|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2017-hang-seng-index/|website=Bloomberg News|access-date=26 December 2017}} * {{cite web|title=Land Use in Hong Kong 2017|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019212830/http://www.pland.gov.hk/pland_en/info_serv/statistic/landu.html|website=Planning Department|access-date=1 September 2018|ref="Land Use in Hong Kong 2017", Planning Department|archive-date=19 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019212830/https://web.archive.org/web/20131019212830/http://www.pland.gov.hk/pland_en/info_serv/statistic/landu.html|url-status=dead}} * {{cite web|title=Meanings of Right of Abode and Other Terms|url=http://www.immd.gov.hk/eng/services/roa/term.html|website=Immigration Department|access-date=18 November 2017|ref=Meanings of Right of Abode and Other Terms", Immigration Department}} == External links == {{Sister project links|Hong Kong|voy=Hong Kong|d=Q8646}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250916113919/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/hong-kong/ Hong Kong]. ''The World Factbook''. Central Intelligence Agency. * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-16517764 Hong Kong] from BBC News * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=HK Key Development Forecasts for Hong Kong] from International Futures * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250320232844/https://arthistory.hku.hk/HKinTransition/ Hong Kong in Transition (1995–2020)], an open access photographic archive of recent Hong Kong history '''Government''' * [http://www.gov.hk/ GovHK] Hong Kong SAR government portal * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120802235659/http://www.discoverhongkong.com/eng/index.jsp Discover Hong Kong] Official site of the tourism board '''Trade''' * [https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/HKG/Year/2019/Summary World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Hong Kong] '''Maps''' * {{OSM relation|913110}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Hong Kong| ]] [[Category:People's Republic of China]] [[Category:1842 establishments insyd Asia]] [[Category:Countries den territories wer Chinese be official language]] [[Category:English-speaking countries den territories]] [[Category:Metropolitan areas of China]] [[Category:Pearl River Delta]] [[Category:Populated places dem establish insyd 1842]] [[Category:Port cities den towns insyd China]] [[Category:South China Sea]] [[Category:Special administrative regions of China]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1997]] dmhij9y57ph0sh67bkje49p2x2be4a9 0 13340 112553 108374 2026-09-25T02:47:58Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112553 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Selimiye Mosque''' (Greek: Τέμενος Σελιμιγιέ ''Témenos Selimigié''; Turkish: ''Selimiye Camii''), historically dem know am as '''Cathedral of Saint Sophia''' anaa '''Ayasofya Mosque''' (Turkish: ''Ayasofya Camii''), be a former Christian cathedral dem convert into a mosque, wey locate insyd North Nicosia. Historically na e be de main mosque for de island of Cyprus.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AdybAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA8|page=8|title=Cyprus, Greece, and Malta|publisher=Britanncia Educational Publishing|year=2013|isbn=9781615309856}}</ref> Dem house de Selimiye Mosque insyd de largest den oldest surviving Gothic church insyd Cyprus (interior dimensions: 66 X 21 m) dem possibly construct for de site of an earlier Byzantine church. For total, de mosque get a capacity make e hold 2500 worshipers plus available for worship.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lefkoşa'ya 3657 mümin aranıyor|url=http://haberkibris.com/c307ac93-2011_02_20.html|publisher=Haber Kıbrıs|access-date=9 January 2016|date=20 February 2011}}</ref> Ebe de largest surviving historical building insyd Nicosia, den according to sources, e "fi be de largest church dem build insyd de Eastern Mediterranean insyd de millennium between de rise of [[Islam]] den de late Ottoman period".<ref name=":0">[[:en:Selimiye_Mosque,_Nicosia#CITEREFSchabel2012|Schabel 2012]], p. 158.</ref> Na ebe de coronation church of de kings of Cyprus. == History == === Earlier Byzantine church === De name of de cathedral dey derive from ''Hagia Sophia'', wey dey mean "Holy Wisdom" insyd Greek. According to Kevork K. Keshishian, de dedication of de cathedral to de Holy Wisdom be a remnant from de Byzantine cathedral, wich occupy de same place.<ref name="kesh">{{cite book|last1=Keshishian|first1=Kevork K.|title=Nicosia: Capital of Cyprus Then and Now|publisher=The Moufflon Book and Art Centre|location=Nicosia|pages=173–8|edition=2nd}}</ref> However, such a cathedral be absent from Byzantine sources wey e no dey associate plus any excavated ruins. In spite of dis, der be evidence of de existence of such a cathedral; an 11th-century manuscript dey mention de existence of an episcopal church dem dedicate to Holy Wisdom insyd de city.<ref>[[:en:Selimiye_Mosque,_Nicosia#CITEREFPapacostas2006|Papacostas 2006]], p. 11.</ref> === Ottoman period === [[File:JOHN_THOMSON_selimiye_1878.jpg|thumb|Selimiye Mosque insyd 1878, immediately after de British takeover of de city]] During de 50-day Ottoman siege of de city insyd 1570, na de cathedral provide refuge give great number of people. Wen de city fall for 9 September, Francesco Contarini, de bishop of Paphos, deliver de last Christian sermon insyd de building, in wich he ask for divine help wey he exhort de people. Na Ottoman soldiers storm de cathedral, wey dem break de door den kill de bishop along plus odas. Dem smash anaa throw out Christian items, such as furniture den ornaments insyd de cathedral<ref name="kesh"/> wey dem destroy de choir as well as de nave.<ref name="gurkan">{{cite book|last1=Gürkan|first1=Haşmet Muzaffer|title=Dünkü ve Bugünkü Lefkoşa|year=2006|publisher=Galeri Kültür|isbn=9963660037|pages=117–8|edition=3rd|language=Turkish}}</ref> Then, dem wash de interior of de mosque make dem make am ready for de first Friday prayer wey dem go host for 15 September, wich na de commander Lala Mustafa Pasha attend wey he see de official conversion of de cathedral into a mosque. During de same year, na dem add de two minarets, as well as Islamic features such as de mihrab den de minbar.<ref>[[:en:Selimiye_Mosque,_Nicosia#CITEREFAlasya2002|Alasya 2002]], p. 363.</ref> Na de first imam of de mosque be Moravizade Ahmet Efendi, wey hail from de Morea province of de Ottoman Empire.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bağışkan|first1=Tuncer|title=Lefkoşa Şehidaları (1)|url=http://www.yeniduzen.com/Ekler/adres-kibris/160/lefkosa-sehidalari-1/1465|publisher=Yeni Düzen|access-date=18 March 2015|date=31 May 2014}}</ref> All imams maintain de tradition of make dem climb de stairs to de minbar before Friday sermons while dem dey lean for a sword dem use during de conquest of Nicosia make e signify dat na Nicosia be captured by conquest.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Fehmi|first1=Hasan|title=A'dan Z'ye KKTC: sosyal ve ansiklopedik bilgiler|date=1992|publisher=Cem Publishing House|page=129|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cSJIAAAAMAAJ&q=%22%C3%A7%C4%B1karken,+fetihten+kalma+bir%22|access-date=18 March 2015}}</ref> Dey follow ein conversion, de mosque cam turn de property of de Sultan Selim Foundation, which na ebe responsible for maintaining am. Oda donors form a number of foundations make dem help plus de maintenance. Okçuzade Mehmed Paşa, a governor of Cyprus insyd de 16th century, donate a shop make e provide income give de Sultan Selim Foundation; oda donations dey include estates insyd de countrysyd den oda shops. De foundation employ trustees (''mütevelli'') make dem look after de funds den transfer 40,000 ''akçe'' annually to [[Medina]] insyd late 16th century.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jennings|first1=Ronald C.|title=Christians and Muslims in Ottoman Cyprus and the Mediterranean World, 1571-1640|url=https://archive.org/details/christiansmuslim0000jenn|date=1993|publisher=New York University Press|location=New York and London|page=[https://archive.org/details/christiansmuslim0000jenn/page/54 54]}}</ref> During de Ottoman period, na ebe de largest mosque insyd de whole island, wey na dem use am weekly by de Ottoman governor, administrators den elite for de Friday prayers. Insyd de late 18th century, a large procession wey consist of de leading officials for de front for horseback, na lower-ranking officials dey follow for foot, cam to de mosque every Friday.<ref>[[:en:Selimiye_Mosque,_Nicosia#CITEREFBa%C4%9F%C4%B1%C5%9Fkan2013|Bağışkan 2013]].</ref> De Friday prayers sanso attract a large number of Muslims from Nicosia den surrounding villages. Secof de crowds wey dey frequent de mosque, a market develop next to am wey de area cam turn a trade center. De area around de mosque cam turn a center of education as well, plus madrasahs such as de Great Madrasah wey dem build Little Madrasah nearby.<ref name="gurkan"/> Insyd1874, upon rumours say Sultan Abdülaziz go visit Nicosia, a new gate, dem bell de "Aziziye Gate" after de sultan, na dem build am for de east end of de building. Na de gate be an enlargement of a pre-existing Lusignan window for de site, den pieces of marble den oda material from de surroundings wey na dem use insyd ein construction. De decorations of de gate include an inscription by calligrapher Es-Seyyid Ahmet Şukri Efendi, de calligraphy teacher of de local high school. De inscription dey consist of a praise of de sultan wey dey mention say na dem build de gate for Abdülaziz ein orders by Nazif Pasha. Ebe surrounded by two ornate figures wey dey depict cypress trees. Na dem use de gate afterwards as de women dema entrance, wey later e fall into disuse, wey dey remain permanently locked.<ref>[[:en:Selimiye_Mosque,_Nicosia#CITEREFBa%C4%9F%C4%B1%C5%9Fkan2005|Bağışkan 2005]], p. 101.</ref> === British rule den 20th century === Insyd 1949, de mu'addhins stop dey climb to de minaret make dem read de adhan wey dem start dey use loudspeakers instead. For 13 August 1954, de Mufti of Cyprus officially rename de mosque "Selimiye Mosque", in honour of de Ottoman sultan Selim II, wey head de empire during de conquest of Cyprus.<ref name="kesh"/> == Architecture == De choir get a surrounding ambulatory, buh no apse chapels. Dis dey follow de plan of Notre Dame de Paris, wich na in turn influence a number of oda cathedrals, wey dey include Notre Dame de Mantes for Archbishop Thierry ein hometown. De transepts dey consist of chapels wey get de same height as dat of de aisles, wey na dem attach to de second bays to de west of de ambulatory. Dis dey follow de plan of de Poitiers Cathedral, wich be de episcopal church of de French town of Lusignan, de hometown of de House of Lusignan. Na de north den south entrances initially dey insyd de fourth bay of de nave, although de Ottoman-built Aziziye Gate dey for de eastern end of de cathedral. Na dem think de initial arrangement be modelled after Sens Cathedral.<ref name=":0" /> == Burials insyd de church == (burials der na wen e still be a church) * Hugh III of Cyprus * Aimery of Jerusalem ==Gallery== <gallery perrow="5"> Nicosia Selimiye Mosque 02.jpg|Selimiye Mosque, eastern view Nicosia Selimiye Mosque 03.jpg Selimiye Mosque Panorama.jpg </gallery> == References == <references /> === Bibliography === * {{cite encyclopedia |title=Kıbrıs |encyclopedia=İslam Ansiklopedisi |year=2012 |publisher=Türk Diyanet Vakfı |volume=25|pages=383–4|location= |id=|last=Alasya|first=Halil Fikret|url=http://www.islamansiklopedisi.info/dia/ayrmetin.php?idno=250383|language=Turkish|ref={{harvid|Alasya|2002}}}} * {{cite journal|last1=Andrews|first1=Justine M.|title=Santa Sophia in Nicosia: the Sculpture of the Western Portals and Its Reception|journal=Comitatus: A Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies|date=1999|volume=30|issue=1|pages=63–90|url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/32t6t59w|access-date=15 March 2015|publisher=UCLA}} * {{cite book|last1=Bağışkan|first1=Tuncer|title=Kıbrıs'ta Osmanlı Türk Eserleri|date=2005|publisher=Turkish Cypriot Association of Museum Lovers|language=Turkish}} * {{cite web|last1=Bağışkan|first1=Tuncer|title=Ayasofya (Selimiye) Meydanı ve Mahallesi|url=http://www.yeniduzen.com/Ekler/adres-kibris/124/ayasofya-selimiye-meydani-ve-mahallesi/735|publisher=Yeni Düzen|access-date=15 March 2015|language=Turkish|date=21 September 2013}} * {{cite book|last1=Güven|first1=Suna|editor1-last=Mohammad|editor1-first=Gharipour|title=Sacred Precincts: The Religious Architecture of Non-Muslim Communities Across the Islamic World|date=2014|publisher=BRILL|isbn=9789004280229|pages=415–429|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XymeBQAAQBAJ&q=st+sophia+in+Nicosia%2C+Cyprus&pg=PA423|access-date=17 March 2015|chapter=St Sophia in Nicosia, Cyprus: From a Lusignan Cathedral to an Ottoman Mosque}} * {{cite book |last1=Olympios |first1=Michalis |title=Building the Sacred in a Crusader Kingdom: Gothic Church Architecture in Lusignan Cyprus c. 1209 - c. 1373 |date=2018 |publisher=Brepols |location=Turnhout |isbn=978-2-503-53606-4}} * {{cite journal|last1=Papacostas|first1=Tassos|title=In search of a lost Byzantine monument: Saint Sophia of Nicosia|journal=Yearbook of Scientific Research Centers|date=2006|pages=11–37|url=https://www.academia.edu/2248233|access-date=15 March 2015|location=Nicosia}} * {{cite book |last1=Papacostas |first1=Tasos |editor1-last=Michaelides |editor1-first=D. |title=Historic Nicosia |date=2012 |publisher=Rimal Publications |location=Nicosia |chapter=Byzantine Nicosia: 650-1191}} * {{cite book |last1=Plagnieux |first1=Philippe |last2=Soulard |first2=Thierry |editor1-last=de Vaivre |editor1-first=Jean-Bernard |editor2-last=Plagnieux |editor2-first=Philippe |title=L'art gothique en Chypre |date=2006 |publisher=L'Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres |location=Paris |language=French |chapter=Cathédrale Sainte-Sophie|ref={{harvid|Plagnieux and Soulard|2006}}}} * {{cite book |last1=Schabel |first1=Chris |editor1-last=Michaelides |editor1-first=Demetrios |title=Historic Nicosia |date=2012 |publisher=Rimal Publications |location=Nicosia |isbn=9789963610440 |chapter=Frankish & Venetian Nicosia 1191-1570: Ecclesiastical Monuments and Topography}} * {{cite book|last1=Setton|first1=Kenneth M.|last2=Hazard|first2=Harry W.|title=A History of the Crusades: The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States|date=1977|publisher=University of Wisconsin Press|isbn=9780299068240|pages=165–207|chapter=The Arts in Cyprus|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402160416/http://images.library.wisc.edu/History/EFacs/HistCrus/0001/0004/reference/history.crusfour.i0018.pdf|access-date=18 March 2015|ref={{harvid|Setton|1977}}}} == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://www.stwing.upenn.edu/~durduran/drnic1.html#selim UPenn Website] * [http://www.mcw.gov.cy/mcw/DA/DA.nsf/All/BC8DB498E39DA650C2257276003EA4CD?OpenDocument] [[Category:Churches dem plete insyd de 1220s]] [[Category:Gothic architecture insyd Cyprus]] [[Category:Buildings den structures insyd North Nicosia]] [[Category:Mosques insyd de Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus]] [[Category:Mosques dem convert from churches insyd Cyprus]] [[Category:1570 establishments insyd de Ottoman Empire]] [[Category:Former cathedrals insyd Cyprus]] [[Category:Burial sites of de House of Lusignan]] [[Category:Mosques dem plete insyd de 1570s]] [[Category:2025 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] celyrpgkzh7adbebhqpp8z42dcabach 0 13596 112566 110912 2026-09-25T02:54:11Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112566 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Süleymaniye Mosque''' (Turkish: ''Süleymaniye Camii'', pronounced [[:en:Help:IPA/Turkish|[sylejˈmaːnije]]]) be an Ottoman imperial mosque wey locate for de Third Hill of Istanbul, [[Turkey]]. Na de mosque be commissioned by Suleiman the Magnificent () wey ebe designed by de imperial architect Mimar Sinan. An inscription dey specify de foundation date as 1550 den de inauguration date as 1557, although work for de complex probably continue for a few years after dis.<ref name=":3">[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFNecipo%C4%9Flu2005|Necipoğlu 2005]], p. 208.</ref> De Süleymaniye Mosque be one of de best-known sights of Istanbul den from ein location for de Third Hill e dey command an extensive view of de city around de Golden Horn. Ebe considered a masterpiece of Ottoman architecture den one of Mimar Sinan ein greatest works.<ref name=":2433">{{Cite book|last=|first=|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=un4WcfEASZwC&pg=PA163|title=The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2009|isbn=9780195309911|editor-last=Bloom|editor-first=Jonathan M.|volume=1|location=|pages=163|language=en|chapter=Architecture; VI. c. 1250–c. 1500|editor-last2=Blair|editor-first2=Sheila S.}}</ref><ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFKuban2010|Kuban 2010]], p. 277.</ref><ref name=":2">[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFSumner-BoydFreely2010|Sumner-Boyd & Freely 2010]], p. 199.</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=|first=|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r6UxEAAAQBAJ&dq=s%C3%BCleymaniye+masterpiece+architecture&pg=PA246|title=Calligraphy and Architecture in the Muslim World|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|year=2019|isbn=978-1-4744-6842-8|editor-last=Gharipour|editor-first=Mohammad|pages=246|language=en}}</ref> Ebe de largest Ottoman-era mosque insyd de city.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Petersen|first=Andrew|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eIaEAgAAQBAJ&dq=s%C3%BCleymaniye+mosque+largest&pg=PA260|title=Dictionary of Islamic Architecture|publisher=Routledge|year=2002|isbn=978-1-134-61366-3|pages=260|language=en}}</ref> Like oda Ottoman imperial foundations, de mosque be part of a larger ''külliye'' (religious den charitable complex) wich include madrasas, a public kitchen, den a hospital, among odas. Behind de ''qibla'' wall of de mosque be an enclosed cemetery wey dey contain de separate octagonal mausoleums of Suleiman the Magnificent den ein wifey Hurrem Sultan (Roxelana). == History == === Construction === Na Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent choose de architect Mimar Sinan make he create a mosque for memory of ein son Şehzade (Crown Prince) Mehmed. Na Suleiman be so impressed plus de ensuing Şehzade Mosque (Şehzade Cami) wey he biz Sinan make he design a mosque for einself too. Dis mosque go represent de pre-eminence of de Ottoman Empire.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Gabr|first=Aly|date=2001|title=Rediscovery: Mimar Sinan, Suleyman the Magnificent & the Suleymaniye|work=Medina Magazine}}</ref> Na dem build de mosque for de site of de old Ottoman palace (''Eski Saray'') wich na dem still use for de time wey na dem for demolish am.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Kuban|first=Dogan|date=1987|title=Süleymaniye and Sixteenth-century Istanbul|journal=Journal of the Islamic Environmental Design Research Centre 1-2|pages=4|via=archnet.org}}</ref> De Arabic inscription above de entrance to de prayer hall dey give a foundation date of 1550 den an inauguration date of 1557. For reality, de planning of de mosque begin before 1550 wey na dem no plete de parts of de complex til after 1557. Na dem record de final construction expenses insyd 1559, wey dey relate to sam of de madrasas den to de mausoleum of Suleiman ein wifey, Hürrem Sultan (d. 1558).<ref name=":3" /> Na dem build de mausoleum give Suleiman einself after ein death for de orders of ein son den successor, Selim II, between 1566 den 1568.<ref name=":3" /> [[File:Interior_of_the_Suleymaniye_Mosque,_Nave_(3672472413).jpg|left|thumb|Interior of de mosque insyd a 19th-century photograph]] Na dem reportedly gather den ship marble spolia from various sites insyd Constantinople den oda parts of de empire were reportedly to de construction site. Petrus Gyllius, a contemporary observer, wrep about he see one of de four enormous porphyry columns dem destine for de mosque ein interior dem dey cut down to size den about marble columns dem dey take from de Hippodrome.<ref name=":4">[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFNecipo%C4%9Flu2005|Necipoğlu 2005]], p. 209.</ref><ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFGoodwin1971|Goodwin 1971]], p. 230.</ref> For designing de Süleymaniye Mosque, Sinan take inspiration from de Hagia Sophia den de Bayezid II Mosque.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Migeon|first=Gaston|title=Art of Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/artofislam0000mige|publisher=Parkstone International|year=2009|pages=lxxii}}</ref> Na Suleiman ein intention be make he build a mosque wey go surpass all odas dem build by ein predecessors.<ref name=":4" /> Suleiman appear he represent einself for times as a "second Solomon" wey ein construction projects insyd both Jerusalem den Constantinople (Istanbul) appear to reflect dis.<ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFNeci%CC%87po%C4%9Flu-Kafadar1985|Neci̇poğlu-Kafadar 1985]], pp. 100–104.</ref><ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFNeci%CC%87po%C4%9Flu2008|Neci̇poğlu 2008]], p. 61.</ref> Architecturally, Suleiman ein mausoleum (dem build behind de mosque) dey reference de Dome of de Rock, wich ba dem build for de site of de Temple of Solomon insyd Jerusalem. According to popular tradition, na Justinian I boast upon de completion of de Hagia Sophia insyd Constantinople: "''Solomon, I have surpassed thee!''" Suleiman ein mosque, in turn, dey reference de Hagia Sophia insyd ein layout.<ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFNeci%CC%87po%C4%9Flu-Kafadar1985|Neci̇poğlu-Kafadar 1985]], pp. 100–101.</ref> === Damages den restorations === [[File:Istanbul_asv2020-02_img49_Süleymaniye_Mosque.jpg|thumb|View of de mosque for de skyline of historic Istanbul]] Na de Süleymaniye be damaged insyd de great fire of 1660 wey Sultan Mehmed IV restore am.<ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFBaer2004|Baer 2004]].</ref> Na part of de dome collapse during de earthquake of 1766. Na repairs damage wat lef of Sinan ein original decoration (na recent cleaning show say he experiment plus blue, before dem make red de dominant colour of de dome).<ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFGoodwin1971|Goodwin 1971]], p. 235.</ref> During World War I na dem use de courtyard as a weapons depot, wey wen sam of de ammunition ignite, de mosque suffer anoda fire. No be til 1956 wey na dem fully restore am. Na dem san restore de mosque between 2007 den 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|last=A.A|title=Süleymaniye Camii restorasyonunda sona doğru|url=https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/suleymaniye-camii-restorasyonunda-sona-dogru-16253467|access-date=2022-08-24|website=www.hurriyet.com.tr|date=9 November 2010|language=tr}}</ref> Na dem continue dey restore parts of de surrounding complex insyd de decade wey dey follow. == Architecture == === Courtyard === Like de oda imperial mosques insyd Istanbul, de entrance to de mosque be preceded by a forecourt plus a central fountain. De main front gate, for de northwest side of de mosque, dey project outward from den above de walls for either side. De entrance portal dey consist of a recess dem cover by a triangular vault dem sculpt plus ''muqarnas'', plus slender pilasters for either side.<ref name=":5">[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFGoodwin1971|Goodwin 1971]], p. 228.</ref> Above de ''muqarnas'' canopy be an inscription wey dey feature de Sunni version of de ''shahada'' (profession of faith).<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Necipoğlu|first=Gülru|date=1985|title=The Süleymaniye Complex in Istanbul: An Interpretation|url=https://www.archnet.org/publications/3041|journal=Muqarnas|volume=3|pages=110}}</ref> De windows for either side of de portal mark de presence of interior rooms wich house de ''muvakkithane'' (chamber of de timekeeper).<ref name=":5" /> <gallery widths="180" heights="180"> File:Süleymaniye_Mosque_February_2013_03.jpg|De main entrance to de courtyard (northwest side of de mosque) File:Courtyard_of_the_Süleymaniye_Mosque_in_Istanbul,_Turkey_001.jpg|Courtyard of de mosque plus central fountain (''şadırvan''), wey dey look towards de entrance File:Cour_mosquee_Suleymaniye_Istanbul.jpg|Courtyard of de mosque, wey dey look towards de prayer hall File:Suleymaniye_DSCF3657.jpg|One of de "stalactite" anaa ''muqarnas'' capitals insyd de courtyard File:Suleymaniye_DSCF3670.jpg|Insyd de central fountain of de courtyard, wer na dem originally spray water down from de ceiling File:Suleymaniye_DSCF5994.jpg|De entrance portal to de prayer hall from de courtyard </gallery> === Minarets === [[File:Suleymaniye_DSCF3446.jpg|thumb|Detail of de minarets den dema sculpted balconies]] Four minarets occupy de four corners of de courtyard. De two taller ones get three balconies wey dey rise to a high of 63.8 m (209 ft) widout dema lead caps den 76 m (249 ft) wey dey include de caps.<ref name=":6">[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFGoodwin1971|Goodwin 1971]], p. 226.</ref> De balconies be supported by consoles dem carve plus ''muqarnas'' wey dem get balustrades dem carve den pierce plus geometric patterns.<ref name=":6" /> De use of four minarets for de corners of a mosque courtyard na dem do am previously for de Üç Şerefeli Mosque insyd Edirne,<ref name=":7">[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFBlairBloom1995|Blair & Bloom 1995]], p. 222-224.</ref> although Sinan introduce a strict symmetry wey no be present insyd de earlier example.<ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFGoodwin1971|Goodwin 1971]], p. 225.</ref> Insyd de history of Ottoman architecture, na dem add dis chaw minarets to sam mosques dem endow by a sultan (na princes den princesses fi construct two minarets; odas one per). De minarets get a total of ten balconies, wich dem say e dey reflect de fact dat na Suleiman I be de 10th Ottoman sultan.<ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFNeci%CC%87po%C4%9Flu-Kafadar1985|Neci̇poğlu-Kafadar 1985]], pp. 105–106.</ref> By dem make de outer minarets shorter dan de inner ones, Sinan sanso increase de overall visual impression of a structure wey dey rise towards de central dome.<ref name=":7" /> === Prayer hall === ==== Overall design ==== [[File:Suleymaniye_Mosque_cleaned_Gurlitt_1912.jpg|thumb|Elevation den plan of de mosque Cornelius Gurlitt publish insyd 1912]] De interior of de mosque be almost a square, wey dey measure {{convert|58.5 by 57.5|m|abbr=off}}, wey dey form a single vast space dem dominate by ein central dome.<ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFSumner-BoydFreely2010|Sumner-Boyd & Freely 2010]], p. 200.</ref> De dome be {{convert|53|m|abbr=off}} high wey e get a diameter of {{convert|26.5|m|1|abbr=off}} wich be exactly half de height. De square space directly below dis dome dey occupy exactly half de total area of de prayer hall.<ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFGoodwin1971|Goodwin 1971]], p. 231.</ref> De layout dey emulate de dome design of de Hagia Sophia wey e sanso dey follow de layout of de earlier Bayezid II Mosque: de central dome be flanked by semi-domes both in front den behind, wey dey cover de main central space, while a row of smaller den lower domes dey cover each of de two lateral aisles for either side. Between dese smaller domes den de main dome be large tympanas dem fill plus windows. Dis repetition of an older building plan be uncharacteristic of Sinan wey na e fi be de result of Suleiman ein personal wishes.<ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFKuban2010|Kuban 2010]], p. 280-283.</ref><gallery widths="180" heights="180"> File:Exterior_of_the_Süleymaniye_Mosque_in_Istanbul,_Turkey_002.jpg|View of de mosque ein exterior (northeast side) File:Istanbul_Suleymaniye_Mosque_Interior_2015_1312.jpg|Interior of de prayer hall, wey dey look towards de ''mihrab'' File:Suleymaniye_Mosque_1319.jpg|View of de semi-domes around de central dome File:Istanbul_Suleymaniye_Mosque_Interior_Aisle_2015_1302.jpg|One of de side aisles of de mosque File:Süleymaniye_Mosque_exterior_2017_(3).jpg|One of de arcaded galleries for de mosque ein exterior den de water taps for ablutions </gallery> ==== Decoration ==== [[File:Suleymaniye_DSCF2256.jpg|left|thumb|View of de ''mihrab'' (niche wey dey symbolize de ''qibla'') den de ''minbar'' (pulpit)]] [[File:Suleymaniye_DSCF2145.jpg|thumb|Calligraphic decoration for de apex of de dome, wey later Baroque painted decoration surround wey de Fossati brothers add.]] Dem restrain de interior decoration wey dis seem e be deliberate for Sinan ein part.<ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFBlairBloom1995|Blair & Bloom 1995]], p. 224.</ref><ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFKuban2010|Kuban 2010]], pp. 289–290.</ref> De documents of de mosque ein ''waqf'' (religious endowment) explicitly claim say na dem avoid ostentatious ornamentation of gold anaa jewels so say e go conform plus de traditions of de [[Islam|Islamic]] prophet [[Muhammad]].<ref name=":8">[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFNecipo%C4%9Flu2005|Necipoğlu 2005]], p. 216.</ref> E be possible say Suleiman den Sinan regard calligraphy as de primary form of decoration, insyd de spirit of a period wen de Ottoman sultan champion a more austere Sunni orthodoxy.<ref>[[:en:Süleymaniye_Mosque#CITEREFKuban2010|Kuban 2010]], p. 290.</ref> De calligraphy of de mosque be almost entirely insyd monumental ''thuluth'' form wey dem attribute am to Hasan Çelebi, whom Sinan favour.<ref name=":8" /> == Complex == === Mausoleums === Behind de ''qibla'' wall (southeast wall) of de mosque be an enclosed cemetery wich dey contain de separate mausoleums (''türbe'') of Sultan Suleiman I den ein wifey Hürrem Sultan (Roxelana).<gallery widths="180" heights="180"> File:İstanbul_5619.jpg|De cemetery behind de mosque File:Sultan_Süleyman_Türbesi_01.jpg|Mausoleum of Suleiman the Magnificent File:Tomb_of_Suleiman_DSCF5648.jpg|Detail of Iznik tiles under de portico of Suleiman ein mausoleum File:Suleymaniye_Mausoleum_Suleyman_mausoleum_1230.jpg|Interior of Suleiman ein mausoleum File:Mausoleum_of_Roxelana_01.jpg|Mausoleum of Hürrem Sultan (Roxelana) File:Istanbul_Roxelane_Mausoleum_in_2017_3631.jpg|Interior of Hürrem Sultan ein mausoleum </gallery> === Oda buildings === <gallery widths="180" heights="180"> File:Suleymaniye_Hamam_DSCF5503.jpg|Exterior of de Süleymaniye Hamam (bathhouse) File:Suleymaniye_kulliyesi_medrese_i_salis_11_05_30_810000.jpeg|De sloped courtyard of de Salis Medrese, one of de four madrasas of de complex File:Mimar_Sinan_tomb_February_2013.jpg|Tomb of Mimar Sinan File:Istanbul_Süleymaniye_complex_Tabhane_-_guesthouse_3778.jpg|Interior of de ''tabhane'' anaa caravanserai (guesthouse) File:Istanbul_Süleymaniye_complex_Imaret_in_2009_7056.jpg|Interior of de ''imaret'' (public kitchen) File:Suleymaniye_complex_DSCF3770.jpg|Back side of de ''darüşşifa'' (hospital), plus de substructure visible below File:Süleymaniye5.jpg|De Evvel Medrese, as dem see from de market street for ein east side. De domed chamber for de left corner be part of de ''mekteb'' (primary school). </gallery> == Burials == * Suleiman I (1494–1566) * Hürrem Sultan (c. 1502–1558), Suleiman ein wifey * Mihrimah Sultan (c. 1522–1578) Suleiman den Hürrem ein daughter * Ahmed II (1642/43–1695) * Rabia Sultan (d. 1712) Ahmed's consort * Asiye Sultan (1694–1695), Ahmed den Rabia dema daughter * Suleiman II (1642–1691) * Aşub Sultan (d. 1690) Suleiman ein mommie == References == <references /> == Sources == * {{cite journal|last=Baer|first=Marc David|year=2004|title=The great fire of 1660 and the Islamization of Christian and Jewish space in Istanbul|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-middle-east-studies_2004-05_36_2/page/159|journal=International Journal of Middle East Studies|volume=36|issue=2|pages=159–181|doi=10.1017/S002074380436201X|jstor=3880030|s2cid=161640738}} * {{Cite book|last1=Blair|first1=Sheila S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-mhIgewDtNkC|title=The Art and Architecture of Islam 1250-1800|last2=Bloom|first2=Jonathan M.|publisher=Yale University Press|year=1995|isbn=9780300064650|location=|pages=|language=en}} * {{cite book|last=Denny|first=Walter B.|year=2004|title=Iznik: the Artistry of Ottoman Ceramics|url=https://archive.org/details/iznikartistryofo0000denn|publisher=Thames & Hudson|place=London|isbn=978-0-500-51192-3}} * {{cite journal|last=Neci̇poğlu-Kafadar|first=Gülru|year=1985|title=The Süleymaniye Complex in Istanbul: an interpretation|journal=Muqarnas|volume=3|pages=92–117|doi=10.2307/1523086|jstor=1523086|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120203224/https://www.archnet.org/publications/3041}} * {{Cite book|last=Kuban|first=Doğan|title=Ottoman Architecture|url=https://archive.org/details/ottomanarchitect0000kuba|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|year=2010|isbn=9781851496044|location=|pages=|translator-last=Mill|translator-first=Adair}} * {{cite book|last=Necipoğlu|first=Gülru|year=2005|title=The Age of Sinan: Architectural Culture in the Ottoman Empire|publisher=Reaktion Books|place=London|isbn=978-1-86189-253-9}} * {{Cite journal|last=Neci̇poğlu|first=Gülru|date=2008|title=The Dome of the Rock as Palimpsest: 'Abd al-Malik's Grand Narrative and Sultan Süleyman's Glosses|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117150501/https://www.archnet.org/publications/6779|journal=Muqarnas|volume=25|pages=17–105|doi=10.1163/22118993_02501004}} * {{cite book|last1=Sumner-Boyd|first1=Hilary|last2=Freely|first2=John|year=2010|title=Strolling through Istanbul|publisher=Tauris Parke|location=London|isbn=978-1-84885-154-2|pages=199–208}} == Read further == * {{cite book|last=Barkan|first=Ömer Lûtfi|year=1972–1979|title=Süleymaniye Cami ve İmareti İnşaatı (1550-1557)|volume=(2 Volumes)|language=tr|location=Ankara|publisher=Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi|oclc=614354340|ref=none}} * {{cite book|last=Faroqhi|first=Suraiyah|year=2005|title=Subjects of the Sultan: Culture and Daily Life in the Ottoman Empire|url=https://archive.org/details/subjectsofsultan0000faro|publisher=I.B. Tauris|location=London|isbn=1-85043-760-2|ref=none}} * {{cite journal|last1=Kolay|first1=İlknur Aktuğ|last2=Çeli̇k|first2=Serpi̇l|year=2006|title=Ottoman stone acquisition in the mid-sixteenth century: the Süleymani̇ye Complex in Istanbul|journal=Muqarnas|volume=23|pages=251–272|jstor=25482444|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915140609/https://archnet.org/sites/2024/publications/6752|ref=none}} * {{cite journal|last=Morkoç|first=Selen B.|year=2008|title=Reading architecture from the text: the Ottoman story of the four marble columns|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-near-eastern-studies_2008-01_67_1/page/31|journal=Journal of Near Eastern Studies|volume=67|pages=31–47|doi=10.1086/586669|s2cid=161434861|ref=none}} * {{cite book|last=Rogers|first=J.M.|year=2007|title=Sinan: Makers of Islamic Civilization|publisher=I.B. Tauris|location=London|isbn=978-1-84511-096-3|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/sinan0000roge|ref=none}} == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150129105442/http://archnet.org/sites/2024 Süleymaniye Külliyesi], Archnet * [http://www.mimarsinan.gen.tr/suleymaniye-camii/ Süleymaniye Mosque] ve Mimar Sinan (insyd Turkish) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080515074726/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200605/ Suleymaniye Mosque Virtual Walking Tour], Saudi Aramco World. * [http://www.pbase.com/dosseman/suleymaniye Photographs by Dick Osseman] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Suleymaniye Mosque}} [[Category:Mimar Sinan buildings]] [[Category:Ottoman mosques insyd Istanbul]] [[Category:Landmarks insyd Turkey]] [[Category:Fatih]] [[Category:Suleiman the Magnificent]] [[Category:Madrasas insyd Turkey]] [[Category:1558 establishments insyd de Ottoman Empire]] [[Category:Mosques dem plete insyd de 1550s]] [[Category:Mosque buildings plus domes insyd Turkey]] [[Category:Constantinople]] [[Category:Historic preservation insyd Turkey]] [[Category:Religious buildings den structures dem plete insyd 1558]] [[Category:16th-century madrasas]] [[Category:Mosque buildings plus minarets insyd Turkey]] [[Category:2025 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] k5j39jq3218c3viml2l92w0wcqihsrn 0 13609 112555 53136 2026-09-25T02:48:51Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 5 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112555 wikitext text/x-wiki  {{Databox}}'''Shaun Davies''' ALing (/ˈdeɪviːz/ DAY-veez) be Aboriginal Australian language activist, linguist, radio personality, den actor. He be known for ein advocacy work plus de Yugambeh language den culture, as well as appearances insyd various media. == Ein Early den personal life == Shaun be member of de Yugambeh people, sam Australian Aboriginal group wey demma traditional lands dey South East Queensland den de Northern Rivers area of New South Wales.<ref>[[:en:Shaun_Davies_(activist)#CITEREFManning2021|Manning 2021]], pp. 20:43ff.</ref> Davies be de great-great-grandson of Julia Ford née Sandy (c.1860-1896), sam Aboriginal shoddie wey get de sole tombstone insyd de Deebing Creek Aboriginal Cemetery;<ref>[[:en:Shaun_Davies_(activist)#CITEREFRigaMurray2019|Riga & Murray 2019]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Shaun_Davies_(activist)#CITEREFMoore2019|Moore 2019]].</ref> While insyd tenth grade Shaun attend sam career expo at de Brisbane Showgrounds, wey Youth For Understanding set up, Davies subsequently do 3-month student exchange program insyd France wey he discover ein passion give endangered languages, like Galician. As he return go Australia wey he inform ein grandmommie Joan den ein sisto, dem make he mow dema language (''lingo)''.<ref>[[:en:Shaun_Davies_(activist)#CITEREFLogan_City_Council2022|Logan City Council 2022]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Shaun_Davies_(activist)#CITEREFFrostick2022|Frostick 2022]].</ref> Shaun mow ein Yugambeh language from ein maternal grandmommie, wey na she dey comot from de Beaudesert area, wey na ein maternal grandpoppie dey komot from Tweed Heads.<ref>[[:en:Shaun_Davies_(activist)#CITEREFWebberDavies2019|Webber & Davies 2019]].</ref> Davies record talk insyd conversations plus de linguist Margaret Sharpe,<ref>[[:en:Shaun_Davies_(activist)#CITEREFUNE2017|UNE 2017]], pp. 2:35ff.</ref> ein grandmommie grow up plus Joe Culham,<ref>[[:en:Shaun_Davies_(activist)#CITEREFFirst_Languages_Australia2018|First Languages Australia 2018]].</ref> wey Sharpe (then Cunningham) record language from insyd 1968.<ref>[[:en:Shaun_Davies_(activist)#CITEREFCunningham1968|Cunningham 1968]], p. 1.</ref> [[File:Wikitongues_-_Shaun_speaking_Yugambeh_Aboriginal_Australians_and_Torres_Strait_Islanders_.webm|thumb|Shaun as he dey speak Yugambeh language]] == Ein Career == Shaun be linguist den Language Research Officer for Yugambeh Museum Language den Heritage Research Centre, wey na he dey der since 2015. Describing social media as the new "campfire" and technology's central importance in keeping Indigenous languages alive for future generations, Davies work plus Snapchat, he help plus de development den expansion of de Yugambeh App, den de creation of Google demma 'Woolaroo' – sam open-source photo-translation platform. In 2020 insyd, Davies get sam voice over role insyd Australian Broadcasting Corporation ein Yugambeh language series ''Languages of our Land,'' wey he sana appear for Disney dema ''Spread the Word'' movie insyd''.'' De following year, he appear insyd de ABC documentary series ''Back to Nature'' wer he guide de hosts through de Yugambeh language den stories wey dey associate plus de Springbrook area. Insyd March of 2023, na Davies dey appear weekly for Radio National Awaye's ''Word Up!'', wey na each episode dey feature different Yugambeh word den ein history. Shaun return for second consecutive year go perform de Welcome to Country for Screen Forever 37. Dem quote Davies insyd local news article wey dey criticise de failure of NSW National Parks <nowiki>&</nowiki>amp; Wildlife Service say dem no engage plus de Murangburra clan of de Yugambeh people, wey dey condemn de closure of Wollumbin National Park wey esana dey ensue public controversy, wey dem do without de involvement of de local families. == Ein Filmography == === Radio === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |2015-2017 |''Learn the Lingo'' |Co-Host |ABC Gold Coast |- |2022 |''Classic Breakfast'' |Himself |Interview ABC Classic |- |2023 |AWAYE! |Guest |Episodes: Mibuladululbay,[37] Wayjang,[38] Nyliah,[39] Yugambeh[40] Word Up! Segment Radio National |} === Ein Television series === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- |2019 |''Spread the Word'' |Himself |Episode 2: Garu-galen |- |2020 |''Languages of our Land'' |Voice Over |10 episodes[26] |- |2021 |''Back to Nature'' |Himself |Episode 1: The Green Cauldron |- |2022 |''Language and Me'' |Himself |ABC Special |- |2022 |''Gardening Australia'' |Linguist & Language Research Officer |Credits for Oh Christmas Tree (Yerrbill with Clarence) |- |2022 |''No Offence!'' |Himself |Episode 3: Yugambeh |} === Ein Film === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Year !Title !Role ! class="unsortable" |Notes |- | rowspan="2" |2022 |''Gold Coast Film Festival 20th Anniversary'' |Voice Over |Mini-Documentary, A Gold Coast Film Festival production; Also First Nations Linguist |- |} == Ein Bibliography == * Davies, S. (2022, 27 May - 3 June). ''Token Politics: The Semiotics of Yugambeh-Bundjalung Ethnonyms'' [Conference presentation]. Australian Institute for Aboriginal den Torres Strait Islander Studies Summit 2022, Noosa, Qld, Australia. * Davies, S. (2022, 8 July - 10 July). ''[https://www.academia.edu/97552808/Your_Language_is_Dead_Go_Learn_Bundjalung_Those_who_said_Yugambeh Your language is dead: Go learn Bundjalung — Those who said Yugambeh]'' [Conference presentation]. Australian Languages Workshop 2022, Dunwich, Queensland: Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for de Dynamics of Language. pp. 1–19. === Ein Translations === * Deadly Kindy Burragah. (2021). ''Nyungai Ngullina Nyumbajaburuyah Buuragah | Our Day at Burragah Kindy''. Translated by Shaun Davies (Yugambeh Museum), illustrated by Deadly Kindy Burragah. Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Community Health Service Brisbane Limited.  {{ISBN|0646845810}} == References == <references /> == Read further == *{{cite web|author=ABC Kids|title=Languages of our Land|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|url=https://www.abc.net.au/cm/lb/12867820/data/education-pack-data.pdf|date=2020}} *{{Cite web|author=ABC|title=Acknowledgements|date=2022|url=https://www.abc.net.au/classic/programs/classic-choir-2022/acknowledgements/101238900|publisher=ABC Classic}} *{{Cite web|first=John|last=Anderson|title='Appendix N: Julia Ford nee Sandy: Notes from Michael Aird on 27 November 2016' in 'An Independent Report for the Future Use of Deebing Creek Aboriginal Cemetery Reserve'|publisher=Pi-CaTS Pty Ltd|date=9 January 2017|access-date=25 January 2022|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125033555/https://vdocuments.net/independent-report-future-use-of-deebing-creek-viewhare-interests-not-w-i.html}} *{{Cite book|first=Claire|last=Bowern|title='The Oxford 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country|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2021-09-21/indigenous-perspectives-on-country-back-to-nature/100365124|date=21 Sep 2021|publisher=ABC Science|access-date=21 September 2021}} *{{Cite web|author=ScreenForever|title=Official Opening|url=https://www.screenforever.org.au/36/session/700802/offical-opening|date=28 March 2022|publisher=Screen Forever|location=Broadbeach, Queensland}} *{{Cite web|author=Screen Forever|title=Speaker Details|url=https://www.screenforever.org.au/36/speaker/442910/shaun-davies|date=2022|access-date=6 June 2022|publisher=Screen Forever|location=Broadbeach, Queensland}} *{{Cite web|author=Screen Forever|title=Day 1 Wrap Up|url=https://screenqueensland.com.au/sq-news/day-1-wrap-up-screen-forever-37/|date=2023|access-date=14 May 2023|publisher=Screen Forever|location=Broadbeach, Queensland}} *{{Cite web|author=Screen Forever|title=Speaker Details|url=https://www.screenforever.org.au/38/speaker/1137847/shaun-davies|date=2024|access-date=19 March 2024|publisher=Screen Forever|location=Broadbeach, Queensland}} *{{Cite web|author=ScreenForever|title=Official Opening|url=https://www.screenforever.org.au/38/session/2017522/official-opening|date=19 March 2024|publisher=Screen Forever|location=Broadbeach, Queensland}} *{{Cite web|author=Siemens|title=Siemens Fusesaver facility opening|date=17 September 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0uU2hCxd7o|publisher=Siemens AG|location=Yatala, Queensland}} *{{Cite web|author=State Library QLD|date=2019|title=Spoken: Celebrating Queensland languages|url=https://www.slq.qld.gov.au/spoken}} *{{Cite web|last=van Neerven|first=Ellen|title=Gibam Garandalehn (Full Moon)|publisher=The Red Room Company|url=https://redroompoetry.org/poets/ellen-van-neerven/gibam-garandalehn-full-moon/|date=2018}} *{{Cite web|author=Tourism and Events Queensland|title=DestinationQ Forum 2022 Journey to 2032: Building on our strengths Program|publisher=Queensland Government|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131025446/https://www.destq.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/1642246/destq-program-2022.pdf|date=2022}} *{{Cite web|last1=Webber|last2=Davies|first1=Matthew|first2=Shaun|title=Learn The Lingo - ABC Gold Coast|url=https://soundcloud.com/user-923113327/sets/learn-the-lingo-with-shaun-davies|date=2019|publisher=Yugambeh Museum Language and Heritage Research Centre}} *{{cite news|last=Zaunmayr|first=Tony|title=Snapchat adds four Indigenous languages to users' lens platform|url=https://www.nit.com.au/snapchat-adds-four-indigenous-languages-to-users-lens-platform/%3famp|date=21 February 2022|publisher=National Indigenous Times}} [[Category:Language activists]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Linguists of Australian Aboriginal languages]] [[Category:Australian activists]] [[Category:Linguists wey komot Australia]] 2n7w3idy0k9tic9vyfvuriy9qm3ukzu 0 13713 112444 111500 2026-09-24T23:42:56Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112444 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Aqsa Mosque''' (Arabic: جامع الأقصى, <small>romanized:</small> ''Jāmiʿ al-Aqṣā'', <small>lit. </small>'congregational mosque of Al-Aqsa'), dem sanso know as de '''Qibli Mosque''' anaa '''Qibli Chapel''' (المصلى القبلي, ''al-muṣallā al-qiblī'', <abbr>lit.</abbr> 'prayer hall of de qibla (south)'),<ref name="MujiralDin">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=George|author-link=|title=The Holy City: Historical, Topographical and Antiquarian Notices of Jerusalem|publisher=Parker|year=1849|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fd07AAAAcAAJ&pg=RA1-PA151|pages=143–160|quote=The following detailed account of the Haram es-Sherif, with some interesting notices of the City, is extracted from an Arabic work entitled " The Sublime Companion to the History of Jerusalem and Hebron, by Kadi Mejir-ed-din, Ebil-yemen Abd-er-Rahman, El-Alemi," who died A. H. 927, (A. d. 1521)… "I have at the commencement called attention to the fact that the place now called by the name Aksa (i. e. the most distant), is the Mosk [Jamia] properly so called, at the southern extremity of the area, where is the Minbar and the great Mihrab. But in fact Aksa is the name of the whole area enclosed within the walls, the dimensions of which I have just given, for the Mosk proper [Jamia], the Dome of the Rock, the Cloisters, and other buildings, are all of late construction, and Mesjid el-Aksa is the correct name of the whole area."|access-date=22 June 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719062708/https://books.google.com/books?id=Fd07AAAAcAAJ&pg=RA1-PA151|url-status=live}} and also {{cite book|last=von Hammer-Purgstall|first=J.F.|author-link=|title=Fundgruben des Orients|publisher=Gedruckt bey A. Schmid|volume=2|year=1811|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kSowAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA240|language=fr|page=93|chapter=Chapitre vingtième. Description de la mosquée Mesdjid-ol-aksa, telle qu'elle est de nos jours, (du temps de l'auteur, au dixième siècle de l'Hégire, au seizième après J. C.)|quote=Nous avons dès le commencement appelé l'attention sur que l'endroit, auquel les hommes donnent aujourd'hui le nom d'Aksa, c'est à-dire, la plus éloignée, est la mosquée proprement dite, bâtie à l'extrêmité méridionale de l'enceinte où se trouve la chaire et le grand autel. Mais en effet Aksa est le nom de l'enceinte entière, en tant qu'elle est enfermée de murs, dont nous venons de donner la longueur et la largeur, car la mosquée proprement dite, le dôme de la roche Sakhra, les portiques et les autres bâtimens, sont tous des constructions récentes, et Mesdjidol-aksa est le véritable nom de toute l'enceinte. (Le Mesdjid des arabes répond à l'ίερόν et le Djami au ναός des grecs.)|access-date=22 June 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719062642/https://books.google.com/books?id=kSowAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA240|url-status=live}}</ref> be de main congregational mosque anaa prayer hall insyd de Al-Aqsa mosque compound insyd de Old City of Jerusalem. Insyd sam sources na dem sanso name de building ''al-Masjid al-Aqṣā,''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Salameh|first=Khader|date=2009|title=A New Saljuq Inscription in the Masjid al-Aqsa, Jerusalem|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/175638009x427620|journal=Levant|volume=41|issue=1|pages=107–117|doi=10.1179/175638009x427620|s2cid=162230613|issn=0075-8914|access-date=20 August 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719062642/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/175638009X427620|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>1936 Survey of Palestine map of the Old City of Jerusalem</ref> buh dis name primarily dey apply to de whole compound insyd wich de building dey tap, wich einself dem sanso know as "Al-Aqsa Mosque". De wider compound be known as Al-Aqsa anaa Al-Aqsa mosque compound, dem sanso know as al-Ḥaram al-Sharīf (الحرم الشريف, <abbr>lit.</abbr> 'De Noble Sanctuary').<ref name="Ker09">{{cite news|first=Isabel|last=Kershner|title=Unusual Partners Study Divisive Jerusalem Site|work=The New York Times|date=14 November 2009|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/15/world/middleeast/15mount.html?_r=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Hughes|first=Aaron W.|author-link=|title=Theorizing Islam: Disciplinary Deconstruction and Reconstruction|publisher=Taylor & Francis|series=Religion in Culture|year=2014|isbn=978-1-317-54594-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nWV_BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA45|page=45|quote=Although later commentators would debate whether or not this journey was a physical one or took place at an internal level, it would come to play a crucial role in establishing Muhammad's prophetic credentials. In the first part of this journey, referred to as the isra, he traveled from the Kaba in Mecca to "the farthest mosque" (al-masjid al-aqsa), identified with the Temple Mount in Jerusalem: the al-Aqsa mosque that stands there today eventually took its name from this larger precinct, in which it was constructed.|access-date=24 June 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719063147/https://books.google.com/books?id=nWV_BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA45|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Sway, Mustafa A. (2015), [https://www.proquest.com/docview/1724483297 "Al-Aqsa Mosque: Do Not Intrude!"], ''Palestine - Israel Journal of Politics, Economics, and Culture'', 20/21 (4): 108–113, ProQuest [https://www.proquest.com/docview/1724483297 1724483297], [https://web.archive.org/web/20230719063144/https://www.proquest.com/docview/1724483297 archived] from the original on 19 July 2023, retrieved 28 July 2022 – via ProQuest, <q>Ahmed ibn Hanbal (780–855): "Verily, 'Al-Aqsa' is a name for the whole mosque which is surrounded by the wall, the length and width of which are mentioned here, for the building that exists in the southern part of the Mosque, and the other ones such as the Dome of the Rock and the corridors and other [buildings] are novel (muhdatha)." Mustafa Sway: More than 500 years ago, when Mujir Al-Din Al-Hanbali offered the above definition of Al-Aqsa Mosque in the year 900 AH/1495, there were no conflicts, no occupation and no contesting narratives surrounding the site.</q></ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Omar|first=Abdallah Marouf|title=Al-Aqsa Mosque's Incident in July 2017: Affirming the Policy of Deterrence.|journal=Insight Turkey|volume=19|issue=3|date=2017|pages=69–82|doi=10.25253/99.2017193.05|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/26300531|jstor=26300531|quote=In a treaty signed by Jordan and the Palestinian Authority on March 31, 2013, both sides define al-Aqsa Mosque as being "al-Masjid al-Aqsa with its 144 dunums, which include the Qibli Mosque of al-Aqsa, the Mosque of the Dome of the Rock, and all its mosques, buildings, walls, courtyards". ... Israel insists on identifying al-Aqsa Mosque as being a small building. ... Nonetheless, the Executive Board of UNESCO adopted the Jordanian definition of al-Aqsa Mosque in its Resolution (199 EX/PX/DR.19.1 Rev).|issn=1302-177X}}<br />{{cite conference|title=Occupied Palestine: draft decision (199 EX/PX/DR.19.1 REV), UNESCO Executive Board|date=2016|publisher=UNESCO|url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000244378}}</ref> During de rule of de Rashidun caliph Umar (r. 634–644) anaa de Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680), na dem erect a small prayer house for de compound near de mosque ein site. De present-day mosque, locate for de south wall of de compound, na de fifth Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik originally build (r. 685–705) anaa ein successor al-Walid I (r. 705– 715) (anaa both) as a congregational mosque for de same axis as de Dome of de Rock, a commemorative Islamic monument. After e be destroyed insyd an earthquake insyd 746, na dem rebuild de mosque insyd 758 by de Abbasid caliph al-Mansur. Na dem further expand am upon insyd 780 by de Abbasid caliph al-Mahdi, after wich e consist of fifteen aisles den a central dome. However, na dem san destroy am during de 1033 Jordan Rift Valley earthquake. Na de mosque be rebuilt by de Fatimid caliph al-Zahir (r. 1021–1036), wey reduce am to seven aisles buh dem adorn ein interior plus an elaborate central archway dem cover insyd vegetal mosaics; de current structure dey preserve de 11th-century outline. During de periodic renovations dem undertake, na de ruling Islamic dynasties construct additions to de mosque den win precincts, such as ein dome, façade, minarets, den minbar den interior structure. Upon ein capture by de Crusaders insyd 1099, na dem use de mosque as a palace; na e sanso be de headquarters of de religious order of de Knights Templar. After de area be conquered by Saladin insyd 1187, na dem restore de structure ein function as a mosque. Na dem undertake more renovations, repairs, den expansion projects insyd later centuries by de Ayyubids, de Mamluks, de Ottomans, de Supreme Muslim Council of British Palestine, den during de Jordanian occupation of de West Bank. Since de beginning of de ongoing Israeli occupation of de West Bank, de mosque remain under de independent administration of de Jerusalem Islamic Waqf.<ref>{{cite news|title=Arab states neglect Al-Aqsa says head of Jerusalem Waqf|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/09/khatib-muslim-endowments-israel-jordan-al-aqsa.html|access-date=5 April 2016|work=Al-Monitor|date=5 September 2014|archive-date=24 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424012208/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/09/khatib-muslim-endowments-israel-jordan-al-aqsa.html|url-status=live}}</ref> == Definition == De "Al-Aqsa Mosque" dey translate into "de Farthest Mosque" insyd English. [[File:Mesjid_el-Aksa_and_Jami_el-Aksa_in_the_1841_Aldrich_and_Symonds_map_of_Jerusalem_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Extract of an 1841 British map wey dey show both "Mesjid el-Aksa" den "Jami el-Aksa"]] De Arabic term "Al-Aqsa Mosque" be de translation of both ''al-Masjid al-Aqṣā'' (ٱلْمَسْجِد ٱلْأَقْصَىٰ) den ''Jāmiʿ al-Aqṣā'' (جَامِع ٱلْأَقْصَىٰ), wich get distinct meanings insyd Arabic.<ref name="Robinson">{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=E.|last2=Smith|first2=E.|title=Biblical Researches in Palestine|title-link=|publisher=John Murray|year=1841|quote="The Jámi'a el-Aksa is the mosk alone; the Mesjid el-Aksa is the mosk with all the sacred enclosure and precincts, including the Sükhrah. Thus the words Mesjid and Jāmi'a differ in usage somewhat like the Greek ίερόν and ναός."}}</ref><ref name="Palmer">{{cite journal|author-link=|last=Palmer|first=E. H.|title=History of the Haram Es Sherif: Compiled from the Arabic Historians|journal=Palestine Exploration Quarterly|volume=3|issue=3|year=1871|issn=0031-0328|doi=10.1179/peq.1871.012|pages=122–132|quote=EXCURSUS ON THE NAME MASJID EL AKSA. In order to understand the native accounts of the sacred area at Jerusalem, it is essentially necessary to keep in mind the proper application of the various names by which it is spoken of. When the Masjid el Aksa is mentioned, that name is usually supposed to refer to the well-known mosque on the south side of the Haram, but such is not really the case. The latter building is called El Jámʻi el Aksa, or simply El Aksa, and the substructures are called El Aksa el Kadímeh (the ancient Aksa), while the title El Masjid el Aksa is applied to the whole sanctuary. The word Jámi is exactly equivalent in sense to the Greek συναγωγή, and is applied to the church or building in which the worshippers congregate. Masjid, on the other hand, is a much more general term; it is derived from the verb sejada "to adore," and is applied to any spot, the sacred character of which would especially incite the visitor to an act of devotion. Our word mosque is a corruption of masjid, but it is usually misapplied, as the building is never so designated, although the whole area on which it stands may be so spoken of. The Cubbet es Sakhrah, El Aksa, Jam'i el Magharibeh, &c., are each called a Jami, but the entire Haram is a masjid. This will explain how it is that 'Omar, after visiting the churches of the Anastasis, Sion, &c., was taken to the "Masjid" of Jerusalem, and will account for the statement of Ibn el 'Asa'kir and others, that the Masjid el Aksa measured over 600 cubits in length-that is, the length of the whole Haram area. The name Masjid el Aksa is borrowed from the passage in the Coran (xvii. 1), when allusion is made to the pretended ascent of Mohammed into heaven from ·the temple of Jerusalem; "Praise be unto Him who transported His servant by night from El Masjid el Haram (i.e., 'the Sacred place of Adoration' at Mecca) to El Masjid el Aksa (i.e., 'the Remote place of Adoration' at Jerusalem), the precincts of which we have blessed," &c. The title El Aksa, "the Remote," according to the Mohammedan doctors, is applied to the temple of Jerusalem "either because of its distance from Mecca, or because it is in the centre of the earth."}}</ref><ref name=":0">Warren, Charles; Conder, Claude Reignier (1884). ''[[iarchive:surveyofwesternp00warruoft/page/118/mode/2up|The survey of Western Palestine. Jerusalem]]''. Published for the Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. London. p. 119 – via Internet Archive.</ref> De former (''al-Masjid al-Aqṣā'') dey refer to de [[Quran]] ein ''Surah 17'' – "de furthest mosque" – den thus be used for whole compound of de Temple Mount, dem sanso know as de Haram al-Sharif, while de latter name (''Jāmiʿ al-Aqṣā'') be used for de subject of dis article – de silver-domed congregational mosque building.<ref name="Robinson" /><ref name="Palmer" /><ref name=":0" /> Arabic den Persian writers such as 10th-century geographer al-Muqaddasi,<ref name="MukaddasiNasir">{{cite book|last=Le Strange|first=Guy|author-link=|title=Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500. Translated from the Works of the Medieval Arab Geographers|publisher=Houghton, Mifflin|year=1890|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BxUyssIX-H4C&pg=RA1-PA94|pages=96|quote=Great confusion is introduced into the Arab descriptions of the Noble Sanctuary by the indiscriminate use of the terms Al Masjid or Al Masjid al Akså, Jami' or Jami al Aksâ; and nothing but an intimate acquaintance with the locality described will prevent a translator, ever and again, misunderstanding the text he has before him-since the native authorities use the technical terms in an extraordinarily inexact manner, often confounding the whole, and its part, under the single denomination of "Masjid." Further, the usage of various writers differs considerably on these points : Mukaddasi invariably speaks of the whole Haram Area as Al Masjid, or as Al Masjid al Aksî, "the Akså Mosque," or "the mosque," while the Main-building of the mosque, at the south end of the Haram Area, which we generally term the Aksa, he refers to as Al Mughattâ, "the Covered-part." Thus he writes "the mosque is entered by thirteen gates," meaning the gates of the Haram Area. So also "on the right of the court," means along the west wall of the Haram Area; "on the left side" means the east wall; and "at the back" denotes the northern boundary wall of the Haram Area. Nasir-i-Khusrau, who wrote in Persian, uses for the Main-building of the Aksâ Mosque the Persian word Pushish, that is, "Covered part," which exactly translates the Arabic Al Mughatta. On some occasions, however, the Akså Mosque (as we call it) is spoken of by Näsir as the Maksurah, a term used especially to denote the railed-off oratory of the Sultan, facing the Mihrâb, and hence in an extended sense applied to the building which includes the same. The great Court of the Haram Area, Nâsir always speaks of as the Masjid, or the Masjid al Akså, or again as the Friday Mosque (Masjid-i-Jum'ah).|access-date=31 July 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719063147/https://books.google.com/books?id=BxUyssIX-H4C&pg=RA1-PA94|url-status=live}}</ref> 11th-century scholar Nasir Khusraw,<ref name="MukaddasiNasir" /> 12th-century geographer al-Idrisi<ref>{{cite book|last1=Idrīsī|first1=Muhammad|authorlink1=|last2=Jaubert|first2=Pierre Amédée|authorlink2=|title=Géographie d'Édrisi|publisher=à l'Imprimerie royale|year=1836|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BRA7AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA343|language=fr|pages=343–344|quote=Sous la domination musulmane il fut agrandi, et c'est (aujourd'hui) la grande mosquée connue par les Musulmans sous le nom de Mesdjid el-Acsa مسجد الأقصى. Il n'en existe pas au monde qui l'égale en grandeur, si l'on en excepte toutefois la grande mosquée de Cordoue en Andalousie ; car, d'après ce qu'on rapporte, le toit de cette mosquée est plus grand que celui de la Mesdjid el-Acsa. Au surplus, l'aire de cette dernière forme un parallelogramme dont la hauteur est de deux cents brasses (ba'a), et le base de cents quatre-vingts. La moitié de cet espace, celle qui est voisin du Mihrab, est couverte d'un toit (ou plutôt d'un dôme) en pierres soutenu par plusieurs rangs de colonnes ; l'autre est à ciel ouvert. Au centre de l'édifice est un grand dôme connu sous le nom de Dôme de la roche; il fut orné d'arabesques en or et d'autres beaux ouvrages, par les soins de divers califes musulmans. Le dôme est percé de quatre portes; en face de celle qui est à l'occident, on voit l'autel sur lequel les enfants d'Israël offraient leurs sacrifices; auprès de la porte orientale est l'église nommée le saint des saints, d'une construction élégante ; au midi est une chapelle qui était à l'usage des Musulmans; mais les chrétiens s'en sont emparés de vive force et elle est restée en leur pouvoir jusqu'à l'époque de la composition du présent ouvrage. Ils ont converti cette chapelle en un couvent où résident des religieux de l'ordre des templiers, c'est-à-dire des serviteurs de la maison de Dieu.|access-date=31 July 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719063143/https://books.google.com/books?id=BRA7AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA343|url-status=live}} Also at {{cite book|last1=Williams|first1=G.|last2=Willis|first2=R.|title=The Holy City: Historical, Topographical, and Antiquarian Notices of Jerusalem|publisher=J.W. Parker|chapter=Account of Jerusalem during the Frank Occupation, extracted from the Universal Geography of Edrisi. Climate III. sect. 5. Translated by P. Amédée Jaubert. Tome 1. pp. 341—345.|issue=v. 1|year=1849|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T_sqAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA3-PA131|ref=none|access-date=31 July 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719063201/https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Holy_City/T_sqAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=RA3-PA131&printsec=frontcover|url-status=live}}</ref> den 15th-century Islamic scholar Mujir al-Din,<ref name="MujiralDin"/><ref>{{cite journal|title=The Holy Land, Jerusalem and Al-Aqsa Mosque in the Islamic Sources|journal=Journal of the Central Conference of American Rabbis|date=Fall 2000|pages=60–68|url=https://www.academia.edu/6338726|author=Mustafa Abu Sway|quote=Quoting Mujir al-Din: "Verily, ‘Al-Aqsa’ is a name for the whole mosque which is surrounded by the wall, the length and width of which are mentioned here, for the building that exists in the southern part of the Mosque, and the other ones such as the Dome of the Rock and the corridors and other [buildings] are novel"|access-date=29 May 2022|archive-date=29 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220529020617/https://www.academia.edu/6338726/The_Holy_Land_Jerusalem_and_Al_Aqsa_Mosque_in_the_Quran_Sunnah_and_other_Islamic_Literary_Sources_i|url-status=live}}</ref> as well as 19th-century American den British Orientalists Edward Robinson, Guy Le Strange den Edward Henry Palmer explain dat de term Masjid al-Aqsa dey refer to de entire esplanade plaza dem sanso know as de Temple Mount anaa Haram al-Sharif ('Noble Sanctuary') – i.e. de entire area wey dey include de Dome of de Rock, de fountains, de gates, den de four minarets – secof none of dese buildings exist for de time na dem wrep de Quran.<ref>{{cite book|last=Le Strange|first=Guy|author-link=|title=Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500. Translated from the Works of the Medieval Arab Geographers|publisher=Houghton, Mifflin|year=1890|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BxUyssIX-H4C&pg=RA1-PA89|quote=THE AKSÀ MOSQUE. The great mosque of Jerusalem, Al Masjid al Aksà, the "Further Mosque," derives its name from the traditional Night Journey of Muhammad, to which allusion is made in the words of the Kuran (xvii. I)... the term "Mosque" being here taken to denote the whole area of the Noble Sanctuary, and not the Main-building of the Aksà only, which, in the Prophet's days, did not exist.|access-date=29 May 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719063144/https://books.google.com/books?id=BxUyssIX-H4C&pg=RA1-PA89|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Strange 1887 pp. 247–305">{{cite journal|last=Strange|first=Guy le|title=Description of the Noble Sanctuary at Jerusalem in 1470 A.D., by Kamâl (or Shams) ad Dîn as Suyûtî|journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|volume=19|issue=2|year=1887|issn=0035-869X|jstor=25208864|pages=247–305|doi=10.1017/S0035869X00019420|s2cid=163050043|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25208864|quote=…the term Masjid (whence, through the Spanish Mezquita, our word Mosque) denotes the whole of the sacred edifice, comprising the main building and the court, with its lateral arcades and minor chapels. The earliest specimen of the Arab mosque consisted of an open courtyard, within which, round its four walls, run colonades or cloisters to give shelter to the worshippers. On the side of the court towards the Kiblah (in the direction of Mekka), and facing which the worshipper must stand, the colonade, instead of being single, is, for the convenience of the increased numbers of the congregation, widened out to form the Jami' or place of assembly… coming now to the Noble Sanctuary at Jerusalem, we must remember that the term 'Masjid’ belongs not only to the Aksa mosque (more properly the Jami’ or place of assembly for prayer), but to the whole enclosure with the Dome of the Rock in the middle, and all the other minor domes and chapels.}}</ref> Al-Muqaddasi refer to de southern building (de subject of dis article) as ''Al Mughattâ'' ("de covered-part") den Nasir Khusraw refer to am plus de Persian word ''Pushish'' (sanso be de "covered part", exactly as "Al Mughatta") anaa de ''Maqsurah'' (a part-for-the-whole synecdoche).<ref name="MukaddasiNasir" /> Dem sanso dey refer to de building as (al-)Qibli Mosque anaa (al-) Qibli Chapel (''Muṣallā al-Qiblī''), in reference to ein location for de southern end of de compound as a result of de Islamic qibla dem move from Jerusalem to [[Mecca]].<ref name="scholars">{{cite journal|last=Abu-Sway|first=Mustafa|title=Al-Aqsa Mosque: Do Not Intrude!|journal=Palestine-Israel Journal|date=2013-03-31|url=https://pij.org/articles/1644/alaqsa-mosque-do-not-intrude|quote=Not only do the Israeli occupation authorities prevent freedom of movement and freedom of worship, they interfere in defining Al-Aqsa Mosque by restricting the meaning of Al-Aqsa Mosque to the southernmost building, Qibli Mosque, rather than all 144 dunums or 36 acres.|ref=none}}</ref> "Qibli" be de name dem use insyd official publications by de governmental organization wich dey administer de site, de Jerusalem Islamic Waqf (part of de Jordanian government),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20201031114752/https://haramalaqsa.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/al-aqsa-definition-AR.pdf Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, The Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs, The Administration Department of Awgaf and Al-Aqsa Mosque Affairs, Jerusalem: Al-Aqsa Mosque]: "Al-Aqsa Mosque is a second name for al-Haram al-Sharif in Jerusalem; both expressions have the same meaning and refer to the same Holy Site and its components; it is the place, which Allah, Exalted be He, allocated to be Prophet Muhammad's home of al-Isra', the Holy Journey at Night, and al-Mi'raj, from which the Prophet ascended to Heavens… Al-Aqsa Mosque includes the Qibli Mosque (al-Jami' al-Aqsa), the Marwani Mosque, the Dome of the Rock Mosque, al-Buraq Mosque, the lower Asa, Bab al-Rahmah, all grounds, prayer halls, corridors with all the historical buildings built on them…"</ref> den de Jordanian government more widely.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230418135925/https://rcja.org.jo/%D9%88%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%82/the-true-image-of-the-holy-aqsa-mosque/ Royal Committee for Jerusalem Affairs]: "Al-Musalla Al-Qibli is the large mosque building standing in the southern side of Al-Aqsa Mosque compound, it is called so because it stands in the direction of Al-Qiblah (direction of Mecca). Its construction in its current form was commenced by the Umayyad Caliph Abd Al-Malik Ibn Marwan, the building was completed during the reign of his son, Al-Walid Ibn Abd Al-Malik. Again, this edifice is a part of the blessed Aqsa Mosque and must not be referred to as Al-Aqsa Mosque itself."</ref><ref name="JordanPal">[https://ecf.org.il/media_items/1507 Jordan-PLO Agreement on the Jerusalem Holy Sites - English (2013)]: "Recalling the unique religious importance, to all Muslims, of al-Masjid al-Aqsa with its 144 Dunums, which include the Qibli Mosque of al-Aqsa, the Mosque of the Dome of the Rock and all its mosques, buildings, walls, courtyards, attached areas over and beneath the ground and the Waqf properties tied-up to al-Masjid al-Aqsa, to its environs or to its pilgrims (hereinafter referred to as "Al-Haram Al-Sharif")"</ref> E sanso be de official name dem use by de Palestine Liberation Organization. Na chaw international organizations such as de United States State Department<ref>United States State Department, [https://www.state.gov/report/custom/40e1ae14ea/ INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORTS: Israel, West Bank and Gaza, 2018]: "The Waqf continued to restrict non-Muslims who visited the Temple Mount/Haram al-Sharif from entering the Dome of the Rock and other buildings dedicated for Islamic worship, including the Al-Qibli/Al-Aqsa Mosque."</ref> de Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (wey ein role be make e act as "de collective voice of de Muslim world"),<ref>Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, 11 Jun 2015, [https://web.archive.org/web/20250318014621/https://issuu.com/oic-journal/docs/binder1 OIC Journal - Issue 29]: "As a result of its immense religious significance, the Old City is home to a number of important religious monuments, such as the Al-Aqsa Mosque, which comprises several sacred landmarks including the Dome of the Rock, the Southern Mosque (Al-Masjid Al-Qibli) and the Buraq Wall, and the Church of the Holy Sepulcher."</ref> den UNESCO,<ref>{{cite web|author=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|title=39 COM 7A.27 - Decision|website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|date=2022-04-04|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/decisions/6243/|access-date=2022-05-29|quote=…the historic Gates and windows of the Qibli Mosque inside Al-Aqsa Mosque/ Al-Haram Al-Sharif, which is a Muslim holy site of worship and an integral part of a World Heritage Site|archive-date=30 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220530124745/https://whc.unesco.org/en/decisions/6243/|url-status=live|ref=none}}</ref> as well as various scholars den media organizations use am.<ref>For example: [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-61105497 BBC] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220425094116/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-61105497 Archived] 25 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine, [https://english.alarabiya.net/in-translation/2021/05/26/Seizing-the-al-Aqsa-Mosque-minbar-started-the-war- Al-Arabiya], [https://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/royal-directives-work-commences-renew-carpets-jerusalem-mosques the Jordan Times], [https://interactive.aljazeera.com/aje/2016/al-aqsa-mosque-jerusalem-360-degrees-tour-4k-video/index.html Al-Jazeera], [https://www.middleeasteye.net/discover/palestine-al-aqsa-islam-one-of-islam-holiest-significiance Middle East Eye], [https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20170717-palestinians-wounded-in-israeli-attack-on-worshippers-near-al-aqsa/ Middle East Monitor].</ref> == Architecture == De rectangular al-Aqsa Mosque den ein precincts dey cover {{convert|14.4|ha|acre|sp=us}}, although de mosque einself be about {{convert|0.46|ha|sp=us|order=flip}} for area insyd wey e fi hold up to 5,000 worshippers.<ref name="LHL">[http://www.lifeintheholyland.com/al_aqsa_mosque.htm Al-Aqsa Mosque] [https://web.archive.org/web/20161116021815/http://www.lifeintheholyland.com/al_aqsa_mosque.htm Archived] 16 November 2016 at the Wayback Machine Life in the Holy Land.</ref> E be {{convert|272|ft|m|order=flip|abbr=on}} long, {{convert|184|ft|m|order=flip|abbr=on}} wide. Unlike de Dome of de Rock, wich dey reflect classical Byzantine architecture, de Aqsa Mosque be characteristic of early Islamic architecture.<ref>Gonen, 2003, p. 95.</ref> === Dome === [[File:Dome_of_the_Al-Aqsa_Mosque_(20160).jpg|thumb|De silver-colored dome dey consist of lead sheeting]] Nothing remains of de original dome wey Abd al-Malik build. De present-day dome dey mimick dat of az-Zahir, wich consist of wood dem plate plus lead enamelwork, buh wich na ebe destroyed by fire insyd 1969. Today dem make am of concrete plus lead sheeting.<ref name="Archnet">[http://www.archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=475 Al-Aqsa Mosque Restoration] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090103003046/http://www.archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=475 Archived] 3 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine Archnet Digital Library.</ref> Al-Aqsa ein dome be one of de few domes make dem build in front of de ''mihrab'' during de Umayyad den Abbasid periods, na de odas be de Umayyad Mosque insyd Damascus (715) den de Great Mosque of Sousse (850).<ref>Necipogulu, 1998, p. 14.</ref> Na dem paint de interior of de dome plus 14th-century-era decorations. During de 1969 burning, na de paintings be assumed to be irreparably lost, buh na dem completely reconstruct am dey use de ''trateggio'' technique, a method wey dey use fine vertical lines make e distinguish reconstructed areas from original ones.<ref name="Archnet"/> === Facade den porch === [[File:Al-Aqsa_Mosque_(Temple_Mount,_Jerusalem,_2008).jpg|thumb|De facade of de mosque. Na ebe constructed by de Fatimids, wey de Crusaders, de Ayyubids den de Mamluks expand am]] Na de facade of de mosque be built insyd 1065 CE on de instructions of de Fatimid caliph al-Mustansir Billah. Na dem crown am plus a balustrade wey dey consist of arcades den small columns. Na de Crusaders damage de facade, buh na ebe restored den renovated by de Ayyubids. Na one addition be de covering of de facade plus tiles.<ref name="Nusseibeh">Ma'oz, Moshe and Nusseibeh, Sari. (2000). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=9evpVS_ackwC&pg=PA137 Jerusalem: Points of Friction, and Beyond]'' BRILL. pp. 136–138. {{ISBN|90-411-8843-6}}.</ref> De second-hand material of de facade ein arches dey include sculpted, ornamental material dem take from Crusader structures insyd Jerusalem.<ref>Hillenbrand, Carolle. (2000). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=UalnoF5MBHMC&pg=PA382 The Crusades: The Islamic Perspective]'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20200715042920/https://books.google.com/books?id=UalnoF5MBHMC&pg=PA382 Archived] 15 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine Routeledge, p. 382 {{ISBN|0-415-92914-8}}.</ref> === Interior === De al-Aqsa Mosque get seven aisles of hypostyle naves plus chaw additional small halls to de west den east of de southern section of de building.<ref name="ADL">[http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=36 Al-Aqsa Mosque] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090103022822/http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=36 Archived] 3 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine Archnet Digital Library.</ref> Der be 121 stained glass windows insyd de mosque from de Abbasid den Fatimid eras. Na dem restore about a fourth of dem insyd 1924.<ref name="Yuvaz149-153">Yuvaz, 1996, pp.&nbsp;149–153.</ref> De spandrels of de arch opposite de main entrance dey include a mosaic decoration den inscription wey dey date back to Fatimid period.<ref name="Islam p.151">The Encyclopaedia of Islam; By H. A. R. Gibb, E. van Donzel, P. J. Bearman, J. van Lent; p.151</ref><gallery widths="200px" heights="200px"> File:المسجد_الأقصى_من_الداخل.jpg|Interior view of de mosque wey dey face de mihrab File:Al_Aqsa_mosque_(17127686720).jpg|View of de hypostyle prayer hall File:Facad_near_central_dome_of_Aqsa_mosque.jpeg|Decorated wall above mihrab near central dome wey dey face main entrance File:Aqsa3.jpg|Interior view of de mosque wey dey show de ''mihrab'', wey dey indicate de ''qiblah'' File:Inscription_showing_contributors_name_to_restore_dome_of_Aqsa.jpeg|Inscription wey dey show Quran ein aayat & contributors name to restore dome of Aqsa after 1969 burning File:Al_Aqsa_(6888221391).jpg|Interior decoration of Aqsa main dome File:El_Aksa_(i.e.,_al-Aqsa)_Mosque._Cedar_pulpit_&_mihrab_LOC_matpc.03246.jpg|De original minbar dem install under Saladin. De mihrab be visible to de left. File:The_al-Aqsa_Mosque_(2177686417).jpg|A man dey pray insyd de mosque insyd 2008 </gallery> === Minbar === Na de ''minbar'' of de mosque be built by a craftsman dem name Akhtarini from Aleppo on de orders of de Zengid sultan Nur ad-Din. Na dem intend am to be a gift for de mosque wen na Nur ad-Din capture Jerusalem from de Crusaders wey he take six years take build (1168–74). Nur ad-Din die wey de Crusaders still control Jerusalem, buh insyd 1187, Saladin capture de city wey na he install de ''minbar''. Na dem make de structure of ivory den carefully crafted wood. Na inscribe arabic calligraphy, geometrical den floral designs insyd de woodwork.<ref name="Oweis">Oweis, Fayeq S. (2002) ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=UjQAnCS1ongC&pg=PA115 The Elements of Unity in Islamic Art as Examined Through the Work of Jamal Badran]'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20200715044121/https://books.google.com/books?id=UjQAnCS1ongC&pg=PA115 Archived] 15 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine Universal-Publishers, pp. 115–117. {{ISBN|1-58112-162-8}}.</ref> == Current situation == === Administration === Dem know de administrative body responsible for de whole Al-Aqsa Mosque compound as "de Jerusalem Waqf", an organ of de Jordanian government.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/article-706288 ''Jordan: We don't accept instructions from Israel on Temple Mount guards''], Khaled Abu Toameh for The Jerusalem Post, 10 May 2022 (accessed the same day).</ref> De Jerusalem Waqf be responsible for administrative matters insyd de Al-Aqsa Mosque compound. Religious authority for de site, for de oda hand, be de responsibility of de Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, wey de government of de State of Palestine appoint.<ref>Yaniv Berman, [http://www.spme.net/cgi-bin/articles.cgi?ID=1280 "Top Palestinian Muslim Cleric Okays Suicide Bombings"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20130514113916/http://spme.net/cgi-bin/articles.cgi?ID=1280 Archived] 14 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine ''Media Line'', 23 October 2006.</ref> After de 1969 arson attack, de ''waqf'' employed architects, technicians den craftsmen insyd a committee wey dey carry out regular maintenance operations. Na de Islamic Movement insyd Israel den de ''waqf'' have attempt make dem increase Muslim control of de Temple Mount as a way of countering Israeli policies den de escalating presence of Israeli security forces around de site since de Second Intifada. Sam activities include refurbishing abandoned structures den renovating.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20000525002731/http://www.passia.org/jerusalem/publications/khaled_khatib_Conservation_Jerusalem/chapter1.htm Social Structure and Geography] Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs.</ref> Ownership of de al-Aqsa Mosque be a contentious issue insyd de Israel-Palestinian conflict. During de negotiations for de 2000 Camp David Summit, na Palestinians demand complete ownership of de mosque den oda Islamic holy sites insyd East Jerusalem.<ref>[http://www.passia.org/publications/bookmaps/page2.htm#_edn8 Camp David Projections] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120111230312/http://www.passia.org/publications/bookmaps/page2.htm Archived] 11 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs. July 2000.</ref> == References == <references /> ===Sources=== *{{cite journal |last1=Allan |first1=J. 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|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715070511/https://books.google.com/books?id=pFgmOt7wRHwC |url-status=live}} *{{cite journal |last=Le Strange |first=Guy |title=Description of the Noble Sanctuary at Jerusalem in 1470 A.D., by Kamâl (or Shams) ad Dîn as Suyûtî |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |publisher=Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |volume=19 |issue=2 |year=1887 |issn=0035-869X |pages=247–305 |doi=10.1017/S0035869X00019420 |jstor=25208864 |s2cid=163050043 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1772796}} *{{cite book |editor1-last=Le Strange |editor1-first=Guy |title=Diary of a Journey through Syria and Palestine by Nasir Khusrau in 1017 AD |date=1888 |publisher=Palestine Pilgrims' Text Society |location=London |url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924028534281}} *{{cite book |title=Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500 |first=G. |last=Le Strange |author-link= 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|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151022062308/https://books.google.com/books?id=X0jH6VPi4-gC |url-status=live}} *{{cite journal |last1=Pruitt |first1=Jennifer |title=The Fatimid Holy City: Rebuilding Jerusalem in the Eleventh Century |journal=The Medieval Globe |date=2017 |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=35–56 |doi=10.17302/TMG.3-2.3 |s2cid=165391034 |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/758485/pdf}} *{{cite book |last=Sprinzak |first=Ehud |editor-last=Rapoport |editor-first=David |title=Inside Terrorist Organizations |chapter=From Messianic Pioneering to Vigilante Terrorism: The Case of the Gush Emunim Underground |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NdCTI5FqayAC&pg=PA149 |publisher=Brill |year=1996 |isbn=90-04-10633-2 |archive-date=11 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111144359/https://books.google.com/books?id=NdCTI5FqayAC&pg=PA149 |url-status=live}} *{{cite journal |last1=Yavuz |first1=Yildirim |title=The Restoration Project of the Masjid al-Aqsa by Mïmar Kemalettın (1922–1926) |journal=Muqarnas |date=1996 |volume=13 |pages=149–164 |jstor=1523257}} ==Read further== *{{cite book |title=Jerusalem in History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xIRpQcoieYQC&pg=PA105 |first1=Kamil Jamil |last1='Asali |year=1990 |publisher=Interlink Books |isbn=1-56656-304-6 |archive-date=11 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111200510/https://books.google.com/books?id=xIRpQcoieYQC&pg=PA105 |url-status=live}} *{{cite book |last=Auld |first=Sylvia |chapter=The Minbar of al-Aqsa: Form and Function |editor-last=Hillenbrand |editor-first=R |title=Image and Meaning in Islamic Art |location=London |publisher=Altajir Trust |year=2005 |pages=42–60}} *{{cite journal |last=Grabar |first=Oleg |title=The Haram al-Sharif: An Essay in Interpretation |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414045823/http://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/5052/original/DPC1775.pdf?1384787486 |journal=Bulletin of the Royal Institute for Inter-Faith Studies |series=Constructing the Study of Islamic Art |volume=2 |issue=2 |year=2000 |access-date=20 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414045823/https://web.archive.org/web/20160414045823/http://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/5052/original/DPC1775.pdf?1384787486 |archive-date=14 April 2016 |url-status=dead}} *{{cite book |title=The Crusades: The Essential Readings |first=Thomas F. |last=Madden |publisher=Blackwell Publishing |year=2002 |isbn=0-631-23023-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DVuPvRSyV98C&q=minbar+saladdin+fire&pg=PA230 |archive-date=19 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519163302/https://books.google.com/books?id=DVuPvRSyV98C&q=minbar+saladdin+fire&pg=PA230 |url-status=}} *{{cite book |last=Netzer |first=Ehud |title=The Architecture of Herod, the Great Builder |url=https://archive.org/details/architectureofhe0000netz |year=2008 |publisher=Baker Academic |isbn=978-0-8010-3612-5}} *{{cite book |last=Patel |first=Ismail |title=Virtues of Jerusalem: An Islamic Perspective |year=2006 |publisher=Al-Aqsa Publishers |isbn=0-9536530-2-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AJykv68bXxQC&pg=PA13 |archive-date=19 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519163303/https://books.google.com/books?id=AJykv68bXxQC&pg=PA13 |url-status=live}} *{{cite book |last=Raby |first=Julian |title=Essays in Honour of J. M. Rogers |publisher=Brill |year=2004 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=knVwZW_ogBQC&pg=PA298 |isbn=90-04-13964-8 |archive-date=19 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519163304/https://books.google.com/books?id=knVwZW_ogBQC&pg=PA298 |url-status=live}} ==External links== {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aqsa Mosque, Al-}} [[Category:Al-Aqsa Mosque| ]] [[Category:8th-century mosques]] [[Category:Arabic architecture]] [[Category:Entering heaven alive]] [[Category:Establishments insyd de Rashidun Caliphate]] [[Category:Islamic shrines]] [[Category:Palestinian nationalism]] [[Category:Umayyad architecture insyd de State of Palestine]] [[Category:Fatimid architecture]] [[Category:7th-century mosques]] [[Category:20th-century attacks on mosques]] [[Category:21st-century attacks on mosques]] [[Category:2025 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] 3quvuap3pvioep48fhcgnh2crklub7i 0 13763 112324 111538 2026-09-24T16:53:04Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112324 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Homemade_ramadan_platters_from_Bangladesh.jpg|right|thumb|[[Iftar]], a meal dem consume take break fast. Ebe sunnah make dem break fast plus dates]] Insyd [[Islam]], fasting (dem know as '''''sawm''''',<ref>[https://www.history.com/topics/religion/islam "Islam"]. ''HISTORY''. Retrieved 2020-01-24.</ref> Arabic: صوم; Arabic pronunciation:[sˤawm] anaa '''''siyam''''', Arabic: صيام; Arabic pronunciation: [sˤijaːm]) be de practice of abstaining, usually from chow, drink, sexual activity den anything wich dey substitute chow den drink. During de holy month of [[Ramadan]], dem dey observe ''sawm'' between dawn den sunset wen dem dey call de ''adhan'' of de Maghrib prayer.<ref name="Chittick2">{{cite book|last1=Chittick|first1=William C.|last2=Murata|first2=Sachiko|title=The vision of Islam|year=1994|publisher=Paragon House|isbn=9781557785169|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LG3BugEACAAJ&q=THE+VISION+OF+ISLAM+by+Sachiko+Murata+and+William+C.+Chittick}}</ref> Ramadan be de ninth month of de Muslim lunar calendar wey fasting be a requirement give Muslims as e be de fourth of de five pillars of Islam.<ref name=":32">{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam|title=Islam - Prayer|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2020-01-24}}</ref> == Introduction == Religious fasting no be a uniquely Muslim practice; na dem practice am for centuries by religions such as Christianity, Confucianism, Hinduism, Judaism, den Taoism, among odas.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.islamreligion.com/articles/47/fourth-pillar-of-islam/|title=The Fourth Pillar of Islam: The Fast of Ramadan|last=IslamReligion.com|website=www.islamreligion.com|language=en|access-date=2020-01-24}}</ref> Dem state insyd de [[Quran]] dat Allah say: {{blockquote|O you who believe, fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may develop God-consciousness.|Quran 2:183<ref name=":2" />}} Sam cultures insyd [[North America]] fast make dem serve as penance for sin den avert catastrophes.<ref name=":2"/> De official practices of de Inca Empire den chaw indigenous peoples of Mexico observe fasts make dem appease dema gods. Former nations such as Assyrians den Babylonians observe fasting as a form of penance. Jews dey observe fasting as a form of purification den penitence for de Day of Atonement anaa Yom Kippur annually. Dem no dey permit chow den drinks for dis day.<ref name=":2" /> == Insyd de Quran == Insyd de Quran, dem mention de practice of fasting. Insyd verse 2:183,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam|title=Islam - Prayer|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=2020-01-24}}</ref> de Quran dey express situations insyd wich dem allow a Muslim make e abstain from fasting wey dem introduce alternative solutions such as make dem feed needy people. Dem san emphasize insyd verse 2:183–185 say e no be necessary for people wey dey travel anaa dem be sick make dem fast, wey dem fi postpone am til "anoda equal number of days."<ref name=":3" /> According to verse 5:95, among oda things, dem fi use fasting to make up for certain sins, such as sacrificing an animal during a state of ''ihram''. Verse 2:185 sanso dey state dat na dem reveal de Quran insyd de month of Ramadan.<ref name=":3" /> Anoda verse, 97:1, dey state say na dem reveal am "on de Night of Power," wer Muslims observe insyd one of de last 10 nights of Ramadan.<ref name=":3" /> {{blockquote|O ye who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you, even as it was prescribed for those before you, that ye may ward off (evil); (Fast) a certain number of days; and (for) him who is sick among you, or on a journey, (the same) number of other days; and for those who can afford it there is a ransom: the feeding of a man in need – but whoso doeth good of his own accord, it is better for him: and that ye fast is better for you if ye did but know – The month of Ramadan in which was revealed the Qur'an, a guidance for mankind, and clear proofs of the guidance, and the Criterion (of right and wrong). And whosoever of you is present, let him fast the month, and whosoever of you is sick or on a journey, (let him fast the same) a number of other days.{{nbsp}}[...] It is made lawful for you to go in unto your wives on the night of the fast.{{nbsp}}[...] So hold intercourse with them and seek that which God hath ordained for you, and eat and drink until the white thread becometh distinct to you from the black thread of the dawn. Then strictly observe the fast till nightfall; and touch them not when at [[Iʿtikāf|devotions]] in the mosques. These are the limits imposed by God, so approach them not. Thus God expoundeth His revelation to mankind that they may ward off (evil).|Quran 2:183-187}}{{blockquote|Perform the pilgrimage and the visit for God. And if ye are prevented, then send such gifts as can be obtained with ease, and shave not your heads until the gifts have reached their destination. And whoever among you is sick or hath an ailment of the head must pay a ransom of fasting or almsgiving or offering. And if ye are in safety, then whosoever contenteth himself with the visit for the pilgrimage (shall give) such gifts as can be had with ease. And whosoever cannot find (such gifts), then a fast of three days while on the pilgrimage, and of seven when ye have returned that is, ten in all. That is for him whoso folk are not present at the Inviolable Place of Worship. Observe your duty to God, and know that God is severe in punishment.|Quran 2:196}}{{blockquote|O ye who believe! Kill no wild game while ye are on the pilgrimage. Whoso of you killeth it of set purpose he shall pay its forfeit in the equivalent of that which he hath killed, of domestic animals, the judge to be two men among you known for justice, (the forfeit) to be brought as an offering to the [[Kaaba|Ka'bah]]; or, for expiation, he shall feed poor persons, or the equivalent thereof in fasting, that he may taste the evil consequences of his deed. God forgiveth whatever (of this kind) may have happened in the past, but whoso relapseth, God will take retribution from him. God is Mighty, Able to Requite (the wrong).|Quran 5:95}}{{blockquote|Such of you as put away your wives (by saying they are as their mothers) They are not their mothers; none are their mothers except those who gave them birth—they indeed utter an ill word and a lie. And lo! God is Forgiving, Merciful. Those who put away their wives (by saying they are as their mothers) and afterward would go back on that which they have said; (the penalty) in that case (is) the freeing of a slave before they touch one another. Unto this, ye are exhorted, and God is informed of what ye do. And he who findeth not (the wherewithal), let him fast for two successive months before they touch one another; and for him who is unable to do so (the penance is) the feeding of sixty needy ones. This, that ye may put trust in God and His messenger. Such are the limits (imposed by God); and for disbelievers is a painful doom.|Quran 58:2-4}} == Definition == Fasting primarily be an exercise of devotion make dem willingly renounce oneself, for a definite period of time, from all bodily appetites so say e go form spiritual discipline den self-control.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.iium.edu.my/deed/hadith/muslim/smtintro.html|title=Introduction to Translation of Sahih Muslim|website=www.iium.edu.my|access-date=2019-12-10}}</ref> Dem prohibit Muslims from eating anaa drinking from dawn ''(fajr)'' to sunset (''maghrib'') wen dem call de ''adhan''. Dem dey consider am time make dem begin fasting wen a person wey dey stand outsyd fi tell a white thread from a black thread, i.e. de light of de dawn den de darkness of de night.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Frey|first=Wendy|title=History Alive! The Medieval World and Beyond|url=https://archive.org/details/historyalivemedi0000unse|title-link=|publisher=Teacher's Curriculum Institute|year=1994|isbn=978-1583719169|location=Palo Alto}}</ref> == Conditions == === Intention (''niyyah'') === "De intention (''niyyah'') dey mean resolving to fast. Ebe essential make dem do de intention de night before, night by night, insyd Ramadaan."<ref>''Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa'imah'', vol. 10, p. 246.</ref> For fasting, making de intention to fast be necessary.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ramadanali|title=Fasting in Islam and the Month of Ramadan|date=January 2006|publisher=Tughra Books|isbn=978-1932099942|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Og9RCwAAQBAJ&q=fast+islam+intention&pg=PT72}}</ref> === General conditions === Thru out de duration of de fast einself, Muslims go abstain from certain provisions wey na de Quran otherwise allow; namely eating, drinking, den sexual intercourse.<ref name=":2"/><ref>{{Cite web|title=Hadith - Book of Fasting - Sunan Ibn Majah - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)|url=https://sunnah.com/ibnmajah/7/47|access-date=2020-12-26|website=sunnah.com}}</ref><ref>[Quran 2:187 (Translated by Shakir)]</ref> Dis be in addition to de standard obligation already wey Muslims observe of make dem dey avoid dat wich no be permissible under Quranic anaa shari'a law (e.g. ignorant den indecent speech, arguing den fighting den lustful thoughts). Widout observing dis standard obligation, dem dey render de ''sawm'' useless wey ebe seen simply as an act of starvation. Fasting for be a motive to be more benevolent to fellow creatures. Charity to de poor den needy insyd dis month be one of de most rewardable worships. If one be sick, pregnant, menstruating, nursing, anaa traveling, dem dey consider one exempt from fasting. Dem dey make up any fasts dem break anaa missed secof sickness, pregnancy, menstruation, nursing, anaa traveling wenever de person be able before de next month of Ramadan. According to de Quran, for all oda cases, dem only dey permit not fasting wen de act be potentially dangerous to one ein health – for example, those wey be sick, elderly, anaa on a journey, den women wey dey menstruate, dem preg, anaa nursing be permitted make dem break de fast, buh dem for make dis up by make dem pay a ''fidyah'', wich be essentially de [[Iftar|''iftar'']] den ''[[suhur]]'' give a fasting person wey dey require such financial help.<ref name="sawm">{{cite web|url=http://www.islamtomorrow.com/sawm.asp|title=Sawm: Fasting the Month of Ramadan|publisher=islamtomorrow.com}}</ref> Muslim scholars state say dem forbid observing de fast give menstruating women. However, wen a woman ein period cease, she for bathe den continue dey fast. Dem for make up any fasts dem break anaa miss secof menstruation wenever she fi do before de next month of Ramadan (no be all Muslims dey believe make dem make up missing fasts secof menstruation). Women for fast at times wen dem no dey menstruate, as de Quran dey indicate say dem ordain all religious duties give both men den women. Fasting be obligatory for a person if dem fulfill five conditions:<ref name="Chittick">{{cite book|last1=Chittick|first1=William C.|last2=Murata|first2=Sachiko|title=The vision of Islam|year=1994|publisher=Paragon House|isbn=9781557785169|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LG3BugEACAAJ&q=THE+VISION+OF+ISLAM+by+Sachiko+Murata+and+William+C.+Chittick}}</ref> # Dem be Muslims; # Dem be accountable (past de age of puberty); # Dem be able make dem fast; # Dem settle (dem no dey travel); # Der be no impediments to fasting such as sickness, extreme pain from injury, breastfeeding, anaa pregnancy. === Breaking de fast den de consequences === During Ramadan, if one unintentionally break de fast by eating anaa drinking, then dem for continue fasting for de rest of de day wey de fast remain valid. Those wey intentionally break de fast by eating anaa drinking, dem for make up for dat wey dem sanso for repent. For breaking fast by having sexual intercourse, de consequences be: # Make dem free a slave, wey if dat no be possible, # Make dem fast for two consecutive ''Hijri'' (moon) months, wey if dat no be possible, # Make dem feed anaa clothe sixty people in need. During voluntary fasts, if one unintentionally break de fast then dem fi continue for de rest of de day wey de fast remain valid. If one intentionally break de fast der be no sin for dema top, secof ebe voluntary.<ref>Majmoo' al-Fataawa, 20</ref><ref>Narrated by al-Daaraqutni, no. 24; classed as Hasan by al-Haafiz in al-Fath, 4/210</ref> === Beginning den ending === [[File:Fasting.JPG|thumb|Ending de fast for a mosque]] In accordance plus traditions dem hand down from [[Muhammad]], Muslims dey eat a pre-dawn meal dem call ''suhur''. Dem for fini all eating den drinking before de ''adhan'' give ''fajr'', de pre-dawn call to prayer. Unlike de ''zuhr'' den de ''magbrib'' prayer, wich get clear astronomical definitions (afternoon den after sunset), der be chaw definitions dem use in practice for de timing of "true dawn" (''al-fajr al-ṣādiq''), as dem mention insyd de [[hadith]]. Dese dey range from wen de center of de Sun be 12 to 21 degrees below de horizon<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.al-islam.org/beliefs/practices/fajr.html|title=Al-Fajr As-Sadiq: A New Perspective|work=Al-Islam.org|date=20 January 2013}}</ref> wich dey equate to about 40 to 60 minutes before civil dawn. Der be no restrictions for de morning meal oda dan those of Islamic dietary laws. After dem plete de ''suhur'', Muslims recite de ''fajr'' prayer. Dem no fi take chow anaa beverage after ''suhur''. Water fi enter de mouth, buh dem no fi swallow am, during ''wudu''. Dem know de meal dem dey chop to end de fast as ''[[iftar]]''. Muslims break de fast plus dates den water before de ''maghrib'' prayer, after wich dem fi eat a more wholesome meal. == Spiritual aspect == Dem prescribe fasting to all Muslims as a form of religious obligation for overcoming dema lust den desires within a reasonable limit so dat one fi control einself den prevent becoming a slave to dema appetites. De [[Quran|Qur'an]] dey state dat if humans no fi prevent demaselves from desires then dem no fi achieve salvation: {{blockquote|As for him who fears to stand before his Lord and restrains himself from low desires, Paradise is surely the abode.|Quran; 79:40–41 }} Muslims dey abstain from a permissible norm of daily life secof de command of [[Allah]] so e go strengthen one ein self-control den dey increase consciousness of de Lord. Dem no prescribe am as a punishment for people anaa make e inflict burdensome practices. Ebe a moral den spiritual training wey ein underlying idea be make e teach moderation den spiritual discipline so dat human temptations no go surpass de moral disciplines dem implement insyd Islam. Furthermore, fasting be mandatory for a definite period of time per wey e no dey promote total renunciation from de appetite of de flesh. Eating, drinking, den sexual intercourse cam turn permissible give a human for de end of de fast. Der fore, Islamic fasting dey aim at make e promote proper limits within ein natural bounds. == Health effects == Islamic fasting, as a time-restricted eating habit wey dey invert de normal human day-night routine for observance, fi get deleterious health effects on sleep patterns den general health. Fasting insyd Ramadan show e dey alter de sleep patterns<ref name="BAHAMMAM2004">{{cite journal|last1=BAHAMMAM|first1=Ahmed|title=Effect of fasting during Ramadan on sleep architecture, daytime sleepiness and sleep pattern|journal=Sleep and Biological Rhythms|volume=2|issue=2|year=2004|pages=135–143|issn=1446-9235|doi=10.1111/j.1479-8425.2004.00135.x|s2cid=143593355}}</ref> den de associated hormone production. Statistical comparison of thousands of school kiddies, part of whom na dem born widout de month of Ramadan during pregnancy den part of whom wer Ramadan coincide plus de pregnancy, reveal lower cognitive capability, den lower growth insyd adolescence if na de mommie observe Ramadan fasting during pregnancy. Kiddies wey dema mommies fast during Ramadan sanso get a higher incidence of chaw chronic diseases, e.g. Type 2 diabetes<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/28597/1/dp0926.pdf|title=Long-Term Health Effects on the Next Generation of Ramadan Fasting During Pregnancy|date=April 2009|access-date=15 March 2025|website=Centre for Economic Performance|last=van Ewijk|first=Reyn|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225001747/https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/28597/1/dp0926.pdf|archive-date=25 February 2021|url-status=dead}}</ref> (spy de ruling wey dey regard fasting pregnant women). Fasting be one of de alternatives dem prove make e reduce de DPP-4 level den activate de dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors wey so, dey prevent osteoporosis. For de oda hand, de circadian rhythm get a direct relationship plus osteoporosis. Na dem find dis by de biochemical markers, wey dey indicate dat fasting for certain hours of de day, especially during those hours of de day wich na dem recommend as part of de Muslim tradition (Islamic fasting), be very effective in reducing de effects of osteoporosis.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kormi|first1=Seyed Mohammad Amin|last2=Ardehkhani|first2=Shima|last3=Kerachian|first3=Mohammad Amin|title=The Effect of Islamic Fasting in Ramadan on Osteoporosis|journal=Journal of Fasting and Health|date=Jun 2017|volume=5|issue=2|pages=74–77|doi=10.22038/JFH.2017.22955.1086}}</ref> Na de education departments of Berlin den de [[United Kingdom]] try make dem discourage students from fasting during Ramadan, as dem claim say if dem no chop anaa drink fi lead to concentration problems den bad grades.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Espinoza|first1=Javier|title=Schools say Muslim students 'should break Ramadan fast' to avoid bad grades|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/2016/06/03/schools-say-muslim-students-should-break-ramadan-fast-to-avoid-b/|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/2016/06/03/schools-say-muslim-students-should-break-ramadan-fast-to-avoid-b/|archive-date=2022-01-12|url-access=subscription|url-status=live|work=The Telegraph|date=3 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Islam und Schule: Handreichung für Lehrerinnen und Lehrer a Berliner Schulen|series=Bildung für Berlin: Politische Bildung|date=2010|publisher=Zentral- und Landesbibliothek Berlin ZLB. Senatsbibliothek|oclc=824393822|language=de|url=https://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:109-opus-95998}}</ref> Dem sanso associate Ramadan fasting plus loss of workplace productivity by 35 to 50%.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hasan|first1=Rumy|title=The costs of Ramadan need to be counted|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/economics-blog/2015/jul/03/cost-ramadan-counted-muslim-fasting-month|work=The Guardian|date=3 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Cook|first1=Erin|title=The Ramadan Productivity Drop And How To Overcome It|url=https://indonesiaexpat.biz/business-property/ramadan-productivity-drop-overcome/|work=Indonesia Expat|date=19 June 2017}}</ref> Chaw of de purported health benefits dem associate plus [[Ramadan]] fasting dey take into account abstinence from food per while dem dey ignore de lack of water intake, wich fi be a harmful impact even insyd healthy individuals.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Popkin|first1=Barry M.|last2=D'Anci|first2=Kristen E.|last3=Rosenberg|first3=Irwin H.|title=Water, Hydration and Health|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nutrition-reviews_2010-08_68_8/page/439|journal=Nutrition Reviews|date=2010|volume=68|issue=8|pages=439–458|doi=10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00304.x|pmid=20646222|pmc=2908954}}</ref> Insyd chaw cultures, ebe associated plus heavy chow den water intake during [[Suhur]] den [[Iftar]] times, wich fi do more harm dan good. Ramadan fasting be safe give healthy people provided say overall chow den water intake be adequate, buh those plus medical conditions for seek medical advice if dem encounter health problems before anaa during fasting.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Azizi F|title=Islamic fasting and health|journal=Ann. Nutr. Metab.|volume=56|issue=4|pages=273–282|year=2010|pmid=20424438|doi=10.1159/000295848|s2cid=13428042}}</ref> De fasting period be usually associated plus modest weight loss, buh weight fi return afterward.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Sadeghirad B, Motaghipisheh S, Kolahdooz F, Zahedi MJ, Haghdoost AA|title=Islamic fasting and weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis|journal=Public Health Nutr|volume=17|issue=2|pages=396–406|year=2014|pmid=23182306|doi=10.1017/S1368980012005046|pmc=10282472|doi-access=free}}</ref> A review of de literature by an Iranian group suggest fasting during Ramadan fi produce renal injury insyd patients plus moderate (GFR <60 ml/min) anaa severe kidney disease buh na e no be injurious to renal transplant patients plus good function anaa most stone-forming patients.<ref name="renal diseases mini-review">{{cite journal|title=Ramadan fasting and patients with renal diseases: A mini-review of the literature|vauthors=Emami-Naini A, Roomizadeh P, Baradaran A, Abedini A, Abtahi M|journal=J Res Med Sci|date=August 2013|volume=18|issue=8|pages=711–716|pmid=24379850|issn=1735-1995|publisher=Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences|pmc=3872613}}</ref> However, since sick den/anaa at-risk individuals be exempted from de obligation of fasting, dem fi skip Ramadan fasting instead. Ramadan fasting fi be potentially hazardous for pregnant women as e be associated plus risks of inducing labor den dey cause gestational diabetes, although e no appear e dey affect de kiddie ein weight. E be permissible to not fast if e dey threaten de woman ein anaa de kiddie ein lives, however, for chaw instances, pregnant women be normal before de development of complications.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Glazier|first1=JD|last2=Hayes|first2=DJL|last3=Hussain|first3=S|last4=D'Souza|first4=SW|last5=Whitcombe|first5=J|last6=Heazell|first6=AEP|last7=Ashton|first7=N|title=The effect of Ramadan fasting during pregnancy on perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.|journal=BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth|date=25 October 2018|volume=18|issue=1|pages=421|doi=10.1186/s12884-018-2048-y|pmid=30359228|pmc=6202808|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>Islamic Studies Maldives</ref><ref name="preg">{{cite book|doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-416045-3.00022-4|chapter=Obesity, Polycystic Ovaries and Impaired Reproductive Outcome|title=Obesity|url=https://archive.org/details/obesitytickingti0000unse|year=2013|last1=Balani|first1=Jyoti|last2=Hyer|first2=Stephen|last3=Wagner|first3=Marion|last4=Shehata|first4=Hassan|pages=[https://archive.org/details/obesitytickingti0000unse/page/289 289]–298|isbn=978-0-12-416045-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Mirghani|first1=HM|last2=Hamud|first2=OA|title=The effect of maternal diet restriction on pregnancy outcome.|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-perinatology_2006-01_23_1/page/21|journal=American Journal of Perinatology|date=January 2006|volume=23|issue=1|pages=21–24|doi=10.1055/s-2005-923435|pmid=16450268|s2cid=260001799}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Faris|first1=Mo'ez Al-Islam E.|last2=Al-Holy|first2=Murad A.|title=Implications of Ramadan intermittent fasting on maternal and fetal health and nutritional status: A review|journal=Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism|date=1 April 2014|volume=7|issue=2|pages=107–118|doi=10.3233/MNM-140011}}</ref> Thus, e fi be advisable for pregnant women make dem skip fasting den bia fidyah instead (if de women be able make dem bia; dem fi exempt poor people fully).<ref name=":1" /> If one be at risk of dehydration anaa oda medical risks, wich fi lead to serious consequences, then dem permit make dem break one ein fast.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book|last=Sabiq|first=Sayyid|title=Fiqih Sunah Sayyid Sabiq, vol. 1|publisher=Al-Itishom|year=2010|isbn=9789793071893|edition=|location=Jakarta, Indonesia|pages=635–7|language=id}}</ref> == Days == === Month of Ramadan === Fasting insyd de month of [[Ramadan]] be considered ''Fard''. NaIbn Qudamah say dat der be consensus of de Muslims dat fasting be compulsory insyd de month of Ramadan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.org/details/WAQmogni|title=37489|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> === Days of oath === If someone swear or make an oath, for example: "If I graduate plus a good mark, I go fast for three days give Allah" then common belief dey dictate say one for fulfil dis. Dem dey consider dis type of fasting obligatory. Dem consider sinful breaking such an oath. === Days for voluntary fasting === Dey dey encourage Muslims, although no be obliged, such as: * Fasting for Mondays den Thursdays.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fasting - IslamTomorrow.com|url=http://www.islamtomorrow.com/sawm.asp|access-date=2017-04-27|website=IslamTomorrow.com}}</ref> * Any 6 days insyd de lunar anaa "Islamic" month of Shawwal be desirable if possible.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Fasting - IslamTomorrow.com|url=http://www.islamtomorrow.com/sawm.asp|website=IslamTomorrow.com|access-date=2017-04-27}}</ref> * De White Days, de 13th, 14th, den 15th day of each lunar month (Hijri). * De [[Day of Arafah]] (9th of Dhu'I-Hijja insyd de Islamic (''Hijri'') calendar). * As often as possible insyd de months of Rajab den Sha'aban before Ramadan. * First 9 days of Dhu al-Hijjah insyd de Islamic calendar (buh no be for any wey dey perform Hajj (de pilgrimage). * Tasua (9th day) den Ashura (10th day) of Muharram.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.arabnews.com/islam-perspective/news/824281|title=Virtues of fasting on Ashura|date=October 22, 2015|website=Arab News}}</ref> === Days wen dem forbid fasting === Although dem consider fasting be a pious act insyd Islam, der be times wen dem dey consider fasting prohibited anaa discouraged according to de majority of de Sunni scholars: * [[Eid al-Adha]] den three days wey dey follow am, secof na Muhammad say "You for no fast dese days. Dem be days of eating den drinking den dey remember Allah", wey Abu Hurairah relate. * [[Eid al-Fitr]] * E sanso be forbidden to single out Fridays den fast every Friday per, as na 'Abdullah b. 'Amr b. al-'As say dat he hear Muhammad say "Verily, Friday be eid (holiday) give you, so make you no fast for am unless you fast de day before anaa after am." * Dem dey consider fasting every day of de year non-rewarding; na Muhammad say: "Der be no reward for fasting for de one wey perpetually dey fast." Dem consider dis Hadith authentic by Sunni scholars.<ref name="sahih Muslim">{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahihmuslim.com/sps/smm/sahihmuslim.cfm?scn=dspchaptersfull&BookID=6&ChapterID=437|title=SahihMuslim.Com|website=www.sahihmuslim.com}}</ref> De Quran dey contain no oda prohibition wey dey regard de days of fasting. == Insyd polar regions == [[File:Midnight_sun_dates_svatlas.png|thumb|Map wey dey show de dates of midnight sun for various latitudes (left) den de total number of nights]] Nothing insyd de Quran dey state directly any instruction insyd de polar regions of Earth den fasting; according to de opinion of de Council of senior scholars insyd Saudi Arabia. For polar latitudes, June solstices dey feature de midnight sun wey December solstices get polar night. Dese natural phenomena dey occur secof de Earth ein axis dey tilt toward de Sun insyd summer den away from de Sun insyd winter, wey dey cause de poles make dem be exposed to de Sun ein rays for six months each nonstop. Na de reason chaw of de earliest Muslims no dey experience dese phenomena during Islam ein early days be dat na dem no dey live insyd polar regions buh insyd de subtropics, wer de sun fi be directly overhead wey e dey set for night. Insyd de ''Ma'ariful Qur'an'' na dem say dat de Quran dey state: {{blockquote|(During Ramadan) eat and drink until the white thread of dawn appears to you distinct from its black thread.|Qur'an, 2:187}} Dis result dat fasting be a duty give Muslims per wen days den nights dey exist, otherwise fasting no be necessary.<ref>Ma'ariful Qur'an page 450</ref> De Muslims of Svalbard insyd Norway for fast only wen a night dey occur within one 24-hour period. If Ramadan cams insyd June anaa December, dem fi leave fasting den then plete dema fasting insyd de March anaa September equinox, wen days den nights be equalised by de sun insyd Svalbard. Insyd Islamic law dem dey bell am ''qaḍē''. {{blockquote|God intends every facility for you; He does not want to put you in difficulties. (He wants you) to complete the prescribed period, and to glorify Him in that He has guided you, and perchance ye shall be grateful.|Qur'an, 2:184}} == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q178915|c=Fasting in Islam|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [http://www.zikr.co.uk/books/Ramadhan.html Fasting & Ramadan: Complete Interactive Online Guide] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100613140429/http://al-mawrid.org/pages/browse_art_ques_eng.php?cid=56 Scholarly Articles on the Law of Fasting in Islam] * [http://www.haqislam.org/fasting-in-quran/ Fasting in the Quraan] * [http://abdurrahman.org/ramadhan/index.html Comprehensive Article and Book Collection on fasting and Ramadhan] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250111115513/http://www.islamfrominside.com/Pages/Articles/Fast%20until%20the%20night%20(Ramadan).html Esoteric view on sawm - fasting in Ramadan] * [http://www.colostate.edu/Orgs/MSA/events/Ramadan.html Islamic holidays and observances] * [http://www.islamicity.com/prayertimes/ Time of start and end of sawn per city] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071014214721/http://blogs.omeriqbal.com/reflections/106 How Fasting Helps with Self-Control] * [http://www.al-islam.edu.pk/Islamicmonths/ramdan2.htm How to spend Ramadan] * [http://www.onislam.net/english/ask-the-scholar/acts-of-worship/fasting/kinds-of-fasting/176044-fasting-six-days-of-shawwal-necessary.html Fasting Six Days of Shawwal: Necessary?] * [http://www.therevert.com/articles/Sawm.html Sawm – The Fast of Ramadan] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20240722101106/http://ringmar.net/index.php/2021/09/26/my-ramadan/ My Ramadan] {{Authority control}} [[Category:2025 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] [[Category:Fasting insyd Islam]] [[Category:Five Pillars of Islam]] fshhiue73o5ae6y8l5hghpa2x6369cu 0 13789 112443 111508 2026-09-24T23:42:46Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112443 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Al-Aqsa''' (/æl ˈæksə/; Arabic: الأَقْصَى, romanized: Al-Aqṣā) anaa '''al-Masjid al-Aqṣā''' (Arabic: المسجد الأقصى) be de compound of Islamic religious buildings wey dey sit atop de Temple Mount, dem sanso know as de '''Haram al-Sharif''', insyd de Old City of Jerusalem, wey dey include de Dome of de Rock, chaw mosques den prayer halls, madrasas, zawiyas, khalwas den oda domes and religious structures, as well as de four encircling minarets. Dem consider am de third holiest site insyd [[Islam]]. De compound ein main congregational mosque anaa prayer hall be variously known as ''[[Al-Aqsa Mosque]]'', ''Qibli Mosque'' anaa ''al-Jāmiʿ al-Aqṣā'', while insyd sam sources dem sanso know am as ''al-Masjid al-Aqṣā''; de wider compound be sam times known as '''Al-Aqsa Mosque compound''' so say e go avoid confusion. == Definition == [[File:Mesjid_el-Aksa_and_Jami_el-Aksa_in_the_1841_Aldrich_and_Symonds_map_of_Jerusalem_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Extract of an 1841 British map wey dey show both "Mesjid el-Aksa" (de Haram compound) den "Jami el-Aksa" (de mosque)]] De English term "Al-Aqsa Mosque" be de translation of both ''al-Masjid al-Aqṣā'' ({{lang|ar|ٱلْمَسْجِد ٱلْأَقْصَىٰ}}) den ''Jāmiʿ al-Aqṣā'' ({{lang|ar|جَامِع ٱلْأَقْصَىٰ}}), wich get distinct Islamic meanings insyd Arabic.<ref name="Robinson">{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=E.|last2=Smith|first2=E.|title=Biblical Researches in Palestine|title-link=|publisher=John Murray|year=1841|quote="The Jámi'a el-Aksa is the mosk alone; the Mesjid el-Aksa is the mosk with all the sacred enclosure and precincts, including the Dome of the Rock. Thus the words Mesjid and Jāmi'a differ in usage somewhat like the Greek ίερόν and ναός."}}</ref><ref name="Palmer">{{cite journal|author-link=|last=Palmer|first=E. H.|title=History of the Haram Es Sherif: Compiled from the Arabic Historians|journal=Palestine Exploration Quarterly|volume=3|issue=3|year=1871|issn=0031-0328|doi=10.1179/peq.1871.012|pages=122–132|quote=EXCURSUS ON THE NAME MASJID EL AKSA. In order to understand the native accounts of the sacred area at Jerusalem, it is essentially necessary to keep in mind the proper application of the various names by which it is spoken of. When the Masjid el Aksa is mentioned, that name is usually supposed to refer to the well-known mosque on the south side of the Haram, but such is not really the case. The latter building is called El Jámʻi el Aksa, or simply El Aksa, and the substructures are called El Aksa el Kadímeh (the ancient Aksa), while the title El Masjid el Aksa is applied to the whole sanctuary. The word Jámi is exactly equivalent in sense to the Greek συναγωγή, and is applied to the church or building in which the worshippers congregate. Masjid, on the other hand, is a much more general term; it is derived from the verb sejada "to adore," and is applied to any spot, the sacred character of which would especially incite the visitor to an act of devotion. Our word mosque is a corruption of masjid, but it is usually misapplied, as the building is never so designated, although the whole area on which it stands may be so spoken of. The Cubbet es Sakhrah, El Aksa, Jam'i el Magharibeh, &c., are each called a Jami, but the entire Haram is a masjid. This will explain how it is that 'Omar, after visiting the churches of the Anastasis, Sion, &c., was taken to the "Masjid" of Jerusalem, and will account for the statement of Ibn el 'Asa'kir and others, that the Masjid el Aksa measured over 600 cubits in length-that is, the length of the whole Haram area. The name Masjid el Aksa is borrowed from the passage in the Coran (xvii. 1), when allusion is made to the pretended ascent of Mohammed into heaven from ·the temple of Jerusalem; "Praise be unto Him who transported His servant by night from El Masjid el Haram (i.e., 'the Sacred place of Adoration' at Mecca) to El Masjid el Aksa (i.e., 'the Remote place of Adoration' at Jerusalem), the precincts of which we have blessed," &c. The title El Aksa, "the Remote," according to the Mohammedan doctors, is applied to the temple of Jerusalem "either because of its distance from Mecca, or because it is in the centre of the earth."}}</ref> De former (''al-Masjid al-Aqṣā'') dey refer to de [[Quran]] ein ''Surah 17'' – "de farthest mosque" – traditionally dey refer to de entirety of de Temple Mount compound, while dem use de latter name (''Jāmiʿ al-Aqṣā'') specifically for de silver-domed congregational mosque building. Arabic den Persian writers such as 10th-century geographer al-Muqaddasi,<ref name="MukaddasiNasir">{{cite book|last=Le Strange|first=Guy|author-link=|title=Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500. Translated from the Works of the Medieval Arab Geographers|publisher=Houghton, Mifflin|year=1890|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BxUyssIX-H4C&pg=RA1-PA94|pages=96|quote=Great confusion is introduced into the Arab descriptions of the Noble Sanctuary by the indiscriminate use of the terms Al Masjid or Al Masjid al Akså, Jami' or Jami al Aksâ; and nothing but an intimate acquaintance with the locality described will prevent a translator, ever and again, misunderstanding the text he has before him-since the native authorities use the technical terms in an extraordinarily inexact manner, often confounding the whole, and its part, under the single denomination of "Masjid." Further, the usage of various writers differs considerably on these points : Mukaddasi invariably speaks of the whole Haram Area as Al Masjid, or as Al Masjid al Aksî, "the Akså Mosque," or "the mosque," while the Main-building of the mosque, at the south end of the Haram Area, which we generally term the Aksa, he refers to as Al Mughattâ, "the Covered-part." Thus he writes "the mosque is entered by thirteen gates," meaning the gates of the Haram Area. So also "on the right of the court," means along the west wall of the Haram Area; "on the left side" means the east wall; and "at the back" denotes the northern boundary wall of the Haram Area. Nasir-i-Khusrau, who wrote in Persian, uses for the Main-building of the Aksâ Mosque the Persian word Pushish, that is, "Covered part," which exactly translates the Arabic Al Mughatta. On some occasions, however, the Akså Mosque (as we call it) is spoken of by Näsir as the Maksurah, a term used especially to denote the railed-off oratory of the Sultan, facing the Mihrâb, and hence in an extended sense applied to the building which includes the same. The great Court of the Haram Area, Nâsir always speaks of as the Masjid, or the Masjid al Akså, or again as the Friday Mosque (Masjid-i-Jum'ah).|access-date=31 July 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719063147/https://books.google.com/books?id=BxUyssIX-H4C&pg=RA1-PA94|url-status=live}}</ref> 11th-century scholar Nasir Khusraw,<ref name="MukaddasiNasir" /> 12th-century geographer al-Idrisi<ref>{{cite book|last1=Idrīsī|first1=Muhammad|authorlink1=|last2=Jaubert|first2=Pierre Amédée|authorlink2=|title=Géographie d'Édrisi|publisher=à l'Imprimerie royale|year=1836|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BRA7AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA343|language=fr|pages=343–344|quote=Sous la domination musulmane il fut agrandi, et c'est (aujourd'hui) la grande mosquée connue par les Musulmans sous le nom de Mesdjid el-Acsa مسجد الأقصى. Il n'en existe pas au monde qui l'égale en grandeur, si l'on en excepte toutefois la grande mosquée de Cordoue en Andalousie; car, d'après ce qu'on rapporte, le toit de cette mosquée est plus grand que celui de la Mesdjid el-Acsa. Au surplus, l'aire de cette dernière forme un parallelogramme dont la hauteur est de deux cents brasses (ba'a), et le base de cents quatre-vingts. La moitié de cet espace, celle qui est voisin du Mihrab, est couverte d'un toit (ou plutôt d'un dôme) en pierres soutenu par plusieurs rangs de colonnes; l'autre est à ciel ouvert. Au centre de l'édifice est un grand dôme connu sous le nom de Dôme de la roche; il fut orné d'arabesques en or et d'autres beaux ouvrages, par les soins de divers califes musulmans. Le dôme est percé de quatre portes; en face de celle qui est à l'occident, on voit l'autel sur lequel les enfants d'Israël offraient leurs sacrifices; auprès de la porte orientale est l'église nommée le saint des saints, d'une construction élégante; au midi est une chapelle qui était à l'usage des Musulmans; mais les chrétiens s'en sont emparés de vive force et elle est restée en leur pouvoir jusqu'à l'époque de la composition du présent ouvrage. Ils ont converti cette chapelle en un couvent où résident des religieux de l'ordre des templiers, c'est-à-dire des serviteurs de la maison de Dieu.|access-date=31 July 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719063143/https://books.google.com/books?id=BRA7AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA343|url-status=live}} Also at {{cite book|last1=Williams|first1=G.|last2=Willis|first2=R.|title=The Holy City: Historical, Topographical, and Antiquarian Notices of Jerusalem|publisher=J.W. Parker|chapter=Account of Jerusalem during the Frank Occupation, extracted from the Universal Geography of Edrisi. Climate III. sect. 5. Translated by P. Amédée Jaubert. Tome 1. pp. 341—345.|issue=v. 1|year=1849|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T_sqAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA3-PA131|ref=none|access-date=31 July 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719063201/https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Holy_City/T_sqAAAAYAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=RA3-PA131&printsec=frontcover|url-status=live}}</ref> den 15th-century Islamic scholar Mujir al-Din,<ref name="MujiralDin">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=George|author-link=|title=The Holy City: Historical, Topographical and Antiquarian Notices of Jerusalem|publisher=Parker|year=1849|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fd07AAAAcAAJ&pg=RA1-PA151|pages=143–160|quote=The following detailed account of the Haram es-Sherif, with some interesting notices of the City, is extracted from an Arabic work entitled " The Sublime Companion to the History of Jerusalem and Hebron, by Kadi Mejir-ed-din, Ebil-yemen Abd-er-Rahman, El-Alemi," who died A. H. 927, (A. d. 1521)… "I have at the commencement called attention to the fact that the place now called by the name Aksa (i. e. the most distant), is the Mosk Jamia properly so called, at the southern extremity of the area, where is the Minbar and the great Mihrab. But in fact Aksa is the name of the whole area enclosed within the walls, the dimensions of which I have just given, for the Mosk proper Jamia, the Dome of the Rock, the Cloisters, and other buildings, are all of late construction, and Mesjid el-Aksa is the correct name of the whole area."|access-date=22 June 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719062708/https://books.google.com/books?id=Fd07AAAAcAAJ&pg=RA1-PA151|url-status=live}} and also {{cite book|last=von Hammer-Purgstall|first=J.F.|author-link=|title=Fundgruben des Orients|publisher=Gedruckt bey A. Schmid|volume=2|year=1811|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kSowAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA240|language=fr|page=93|chapter=Chapitre vingtième. Description de la mosquée Mesdjid-ol-aksa, telle qu'elle est de nos jours, (du temps de l'auteur, au dixième siècle de l'Hégire, au seizième après J. C.)|quote=Nous avons dès le commencement appelé l'attention sur que l'endroit, auquel les hommes donnent aujourd'hui le nom d'Aksa, c'est à-dire, la plus éloignée, est la mosquée proprement dite, bâtie à l'extrêmité méridionale de l'enceinte où se trouve la chaire et le grand autel. Mais en effet Aksa est le nom de l'enceinte entière, en tant qu'elle est enfermée de murs, dont nous venons de donner la longueur et la largeur, car la mosquée proprement dite, le dôme de la roche Sakhra, les portiques et les autres bâtimens, sont tous des constructions récentes, et Mesdjidol-aksa est le véritable nom de toute l'enceinte. (Le Mesdjid des arabes répond à l'ίερόν et le Djami au ναός des grecs.)|access-date=22 June 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719062642/https://books.google.com/books?id=kSowAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA240|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=The Holy Land, Jerusalem and Al-Aqsa Mosque in the Islamic Sources|journal=Journal of the Central Conference of American Rabbis|date=Fall 2000|pages=60–68|url=https://www.academia.edu/6338726|author=Mustafa Abu Sway|quote=Quoting Mujir al-Din: "Verily, ‘Al-Aqsa’ is a name for the whole mosque which is surrounded by the wall, the length and width of which are mentioned here, for the building that exists in the southern part of the Mosque, and the other ones such as the Dome of the Rock and the corridors and other [buildings] are novel"|access-date=29 May 2022|archive-date=29 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220529020617/https://www.academia.edu/6338726/The_Holy_Land_Jerusalem_and_Al_Aqsa_Mosque_in_the_Quran_Sunnah_and_other_Islamic_Literary_Sources_i|url-status=live}}</ref> as well as 19th-century American den British Orientalists Edward Robinson, Guy Le Strange den Edward Henry Palmer explain say de term Masjid al-Aqsa dey refer to de entire esplanade plaza dem sanso know as de Temple Mount anaa Haram al-Sharif ('Noble Sanctuary') – i.e. de entire area wey dey include de Dome of the Rock, de fountains, de gates, den de four minarets – secof na none of dese buildings exist for de time na dem wrep de Quran.<ref>{{cite book|last=Le Strange|first=Guy|author-link=|title=Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500. Translated from the Works of the Medieval Arab Geographers|publisher=Houghton, Mifflin|year=1890|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BxUyssIX-H4C&pg=RA1-PA89|quote=THE AKSÀ MOSQUE. The great mosque of Jerusalem, Al Masjid al Aksà, the "Further Mosque," derives its name from the traditional Night Journey of Muhammad, to which allusion is made in the words of the Kuran (xvii. I)... the term "Mosque" being here taken to denote the whole area of the Noble Sanctuary, and not the Main-building of the Aksà only, which, in the Prophet's days, did not exist.|access-date=29 May 2022|archive-date=19 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719063144/https://books.google.com/books?id=BxUyssIX-H4C&pg=RA1-PA89|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Strange 1887 pp. 247–305">{{cite journal|last=Strange|first=Guy le|title=Description of the Noble Sanctuary at Jerusalem in 1470 A.D., by Kamâl (or Shams) ad Dîn as Suyûtî|journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|volume=19|issue=2|year=1887|issn=0035-869X|jstor=25208864|pages=247–305|doi=10.1017/S0035869X00019420|s2cid=163050043|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25208864|quote=…the term Masjid (whence, through the Spanish Mezquita, our word Mosque) denotes the whole of the sacred edifice, comprising the main building and the court, with its lateral arcades and minor chapels. The earliest specimen of the Arab mosque consisted of an open courtyard, within which, round its four walls, run colonades or cloisters to give shelter to the worshippers. On the side of the court towards the Kiblah (in the direction of Mekka), and facing which the worshipper must stand, the colonade, instead of being single, is, for the convenience of the increased numbers of the congregation, widened out to form the Jami' or place of assembly… coming now to the Noble Sanctuary at Jerusalem, we must remember that the term 'Masjid’ belongs not only to the Aksa mosque (more properly the Jami’ or place of assembly for prayer), but to the whole enclosure with the Dome of the Rock in the middle, and all the other minor domes and chapels.}}</ref> Al-Muqaddasi refer to de southern building (de subject of dis article) as ''Al Mughattâ'' ("de covered-part") den Nasir Khusraw refer to am plus de Persian word ''Pushish'' (sanso be de "covered part," exactly as "Al Mughatta") anaa de ''Maqsurah'' (a part-for-the-whole synecdoche). During de period of Mamluk<ref>St Laurent, B., & Awwad, I. (2013). [https://vc.bridgew.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1006&context=art_fac The Marwani Musalla in Jerusalem: New Findings]. ''Jerusalem Quarterly''.</ref> (1250–1517) den Ottoman rule (1517–1917), na de wider compound sanso begin say ebe popularly known as de Haram al-Sharif, anaa ''al-Ḥaram ash-Sharīf'' (), wich dey translate as de "Noble Sanctuary". E dey mirror de terminology of de [[Masjid al-Haram]] insyd [[Mecca]];<ref>{{cite book|first1=Sabri|last1=Jarrar|title=Muqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World|chapter=Suq al-Ma'rifa: An Ayyubid Hanbalite Shrine in Haram al-Sharif|editor-first=Gülru|editor-last=Necipoğlu|edition=Illustrated, annotated|publisher=Brill|year=1998|isbn=978-90-04-11084-7|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FG6ZlkRjD2IC&pg=PA71|page=85|quote="Al-Masjid al-Aqsa" was the standard designation for the whole sanctuary until the Ottoman period, when it was superseded by "al-Haram al-Sharif”; "al-Jami’ al-Aqsa" specifically referred to the Aqsa Mosque, the mughatta or the covered aisles, the site on which ‘Umar founded the first mosque amidst ancient ruins.}} </ref><ref>{{cite journal|author-link=|last=Grabar|first=Oleg|title=The Haram al-Sharif: An Essay in Interpretation|url=http://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/5052/original/DPC1775.pdf?1384787486|journal=Bulletin of the Royal Institute for Inter-Faith Studies|series=Constructing the Study of Islamic Art|volume=2|issue=2|year=2000|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414045823/http://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/5052/original/DPC1775.pdf?1384787486|archive-date=2016-04-14|quote=It is only at a relatively late date that the Muslim holy space in Jerusalem came to be referred to as al-haram al-sharif (literally, the Noble Sacred Precinct or Restricted Enclosure, often translated as the Noble Sanctuary and usually simply referred to as the Haram). While the exact early history of this term is unclear, we know that it only became common in Ottoman times, when administrative order was established over all matters pertaining to the organization of the Muslim faith and the supervision of the holy places, for which the Ottomans took financial and architectural responsibility. Before the Ottomans, the space was usually called al-masjid al-aqsa (the Farthest Mosque), a term now reserved to the covered congregational space on the Haram, or masjid bayt al-maqdis (Mosque of the Holy City) or, even, like Mecca's sanctuary, al-masjid al-ḥarâm.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first=Robert|last=Schick|editor=Khalid El-Awaisi|chapter=Geographical Terminology in Mujir al-Din's History of Jerusalem|title=Geographical Dimensions of Islamic Jerusalem|publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publisher|year=2009|isbn=978-1-4438-0834-7|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=APMYBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA121|pages=91–106|quote=Mujir al-Din defined al-Masjid al-Aqsā as the entire compound, acknowledging that in common usage it referred to the roofed building at the south end of the compound. As he put it (1999 v.2, 45; 1973 v.2, 11), the jami' that is in the core of al-Masjid al-Aqsa at the qiblah where the Friday service takes place is known among the people as "al-Masjid al-Aqsa", and (1999 v.2, 63-64; 1973 v.2, 24) what is known among the people as "al-Aqsa" is the jami in the core of the masjid in the direction of the giblah, where the minbar and the large mihrab are. The truth of the matter is that the term "al-Aqsa" is for all of the masjid and what the enclosure walls surround. What is intended by "al-Masjid al-Aqsā" is everything that the enclosure walls surround. Mujir al-Din did not identify al-Masjid al-Aqsā by the alternative term "al-Haram al-Sharif". That term began to be used in the Mamluk period and came into more general use in the Ottoman period. He only used the term when giving the official title of the government-appointed inspector of the two noble harams of Jerusalem and Hebron (Nazir al-Haramavn al-Sharifayn). While Mujir al-Din did not explicitly discuss why the masjid of Bayt al-Magdis "is not called the haram" (1999 v.1, 70; 1973 v.1, 7), he may well have adopted the same position as Ibn Taymiyah, his fellow Hanbali in the early 14th century (Ziyarat Bayt al-Maqdis Matthews 1936, 13; Iqtida' al-Sirat al-Mustaqim Mukhalafat Ashab al-Jahim Memon 1976: 316) in rejecting the idea that al-Masjid al-Aqsa (or the tomb of Abraham in Hebron) can legitimately be called a haram, because there are only three harams (where God prohibited hunting): Makkah, Madinah, and perhaps Täif. However Mujir al-Din was not fully consistent and also used al-Masiid al-Aqsã to refer to the roofed building, as for example when he referred to al-Nasir Muhammad installing marble in al-Masjid al-Aqsà (1999 v.2, 161; 1973 v.2, 92); he used the term al-Jami al-Aqsa in the parallel passage (1999 v.2, 396; 1973 v.2, 271)}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Wazeri|first=Yehia Hassan|title=The Farthest Mosque or the Alleged Temple an Analytic Study|journal=Journal of Islamic Architecture|publisher=Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University|volume=2|issue=3|date=2014-02-20|issn=2356-4644|doi=10.18860/jia.v2i3.2462|s2cid=190588084|url=https://www.academia.edu/7333141|quote=Many people think that Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa is only the mosque established south of the Dome of the Rock, where the obligatory five daily prayers are performed now. Actually, Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa is a term that applies to all parts of the Masjid, including the area encompassed within the wall, such as the gates, the spacious yards, the mosque itself, the Dome of the Rock, Al-Musalla Al-Marawani, the corridors, domes, terraces, free drinking water (springs), and other landmarks, like minarets on the walls. Furthermore, the whole mosque is unroofed with the exception of the building of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Musalla Al-Jami`, which is known by the public as Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa. The remaining area, however, is a yard of the mosque. This is agreed upon by scholars and historians, and accordingly, the doubled reward for performing prayer therein is attained if the prayer is performed in any part of the area encompassed by the wall. Indeed, Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa, which is mentioned in Almighty Allah's Glorious Book in the first verse of Sura Al-Isra' is the blessed place that is now called the Noble Sanctuary (Al-Haram Al-Qudsi Ash-Sharif) which is enclosed within the great fence and what is built over it. Moreover, what applies to the mosque applies by corollary to the wall encircling it, since it is part of it. Such is the legal definition of Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa. Regarding the concept (definition) of Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa, Shaykh `Abdul-Hamid Al-Sa'ih, former Minister of (Religious) Endowments and Islamic Sanctuaries in Jordan said: "The term Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa, for the Muslim public, denotes all that is encircled by the wall of Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa, including the gates". Therefore, (the legally defined) Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa and Al-Haram Al-Qudsi Ash-Sharif (the Noble Sanctuary) are two names for the same place, knowing that Al-Haram Ash-Sharif is a name that has only been coined recently.|doi-access=free}}</ref> na dis term elevate de compound to de status of Haram, wich na previously dem reserve am for de Masjid al-Haram insyd Mecca den de [[Prophet's Mosque|Al-Masjid an-Nabawi]] insyd [[Medina]] per. Oda Islamic figures dispute de haram status of de site.<ref name="Reiter2">{{cite book|last=Reiter|first=Yitzhak|author-link=|title=Jerusalem and Its Role in Islamic Solidarity|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan US|year=2008|isbn=978-0-230-61271-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bZbFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA23|pages=21–23|ref=none|quote=During the Middle Ages, when the issue of Jerusalem's status was a point of controversy, the supporters of Jerusalem's importance (apparently after its liberation from Crusader control) succeeded in attributing to al-Quds or to Bayt-al-Maqdis (the Arabic names for Jerusalem) the status of haram that had been accorded to the sacred compound. The site was thus called al-Haram al-Sharif, or al-Haram al-Qudsi al-Sharif. Haram, from an Arabic root meaning "prohibition," is a place characterized by a particularly high level of sanctity a protected place in which blood may not be shed, trees may not be felled, and animals may not be hunted. The status of haram was given in the past to the Sacred Mosque in Mecca and to the Mosque of the Prophet in al-Madina (and some also accorded this status to the Valley of Wajj in Ta'if on the Arabian Peninsula?). Thus, al-Masjid al-Aqsa became al-Haram al-Sharif (the Noble Sanctuary) in order to emphasize its exalted status alongside the two other Muslim sanctuaries. Although, as noted before, Ibn-Taymiyya refuted the haram status of the Jerusalem mosque, al-Aqsa's upgrading to haram status was successful and has prevailed. It became a commonly accepted idea and one referred to in international forums and documents. It was, therefore, surprising that during the 1980s the Palestinians gradually abandoned the name that had been given to the Haram/Temple Mount compound in apparent honor of Jerusalem's status as third in sanctity – al-Haram al-Sharif – in favor of its more traditional name-al-Aqsa. An examination of relevant religious texts clarifies the situation: since the name al-Aqsa appears in the Quran, all Muslims around the world should be familiar with it; thus it is easier to market the al-Aqsa brand-name. An additional factor leading to a return to the Qur'anic name is an Israeli demand to establish a Jewish prayer space inside the open court of the compound. The increased use of the name al-Aqsa is particularly striking against the background of what is written on the Web site of the Jerusalem Waqf, under the leadership of (former) Palestinian mufti Sheikh Ikrima Sabri. There it is asserted that "al Masjid al-Aqsa was erroneously called by the name al-Haram al-Qudsi al-Sharif," and that the site's correct name is al-Aqsa. This statement was written in the context of a fatwa in response to a question addressed to the Web site's scholars regarding the correct interpretation of the Isra' verse in the Quran (17:1), which tells of the Prophet Muhammad's miraculous Night Journey from the "Sacred Mosque to the Farthest Mosque" – al-Aqsa. In proof of this, Sabri quotes Ibn-Taymiyya, who denied the existence of haram in Jerusalem, a claim that actually serves those seeking to undermine the city's sacred status. Sabri also states that Arab historians such as Mujir al-Din al-Hanbali, author of the famed fifteenth-century work on Jerusalem, do not make use of the term "haram" in connection with the al-Aqsa site. Both Ibn-Taymiyya and Mujir al-Din were affiliated with the Hanbali School of law-the relatively more puritan stream in Islam that prevailed in Saudi Arabia. The Hanbalies rejected innovations, such as the idea of a third haram. One cannot exclude the possibility that the Saudis, who during the 1980s and 1990s donated significant funds to Islamic institutions in Jerusalem, exerted pressure on Palestinian-Muslim figures to abandon the term "haram" in favor of "al-Aqsa". The "al-Aqsa" brand-name has thus become popular and prevalent. Al-Haram al-Sharif is still used by official bodies (the Organization of the Islamic Conference [OIC], the Arab League), in contrast to religious entities. The public currently uses the two names interchangeably. During the last generation, increasing use has been made of the term "al-Aqsa" as a symbol and as the name of various institutions and organizations. Thus, for example, the Jordanian military periodical that has been published since the early 1970s is called al-Aqsa; the Palestinian police unit established by the PA in Jericho is called the Al-Aqsa Division; the Fatah's armed organization is called the Al-Aqsa Brigades; the Palestinian Police camp in Jericho is called the Al-Aqsa Camp; the Web sites of the southern and northern branches of the Islamic movement in Israel and the associations that they have established are called al-Aqsa; the Intifada that broke out in September 2000 is called the al-Aqsa Intifada and the Arab summit that was held in the wake of the Intifada's outbreak was called the al-Aqsa Summit. These are only a few examples of a growing phenomenon.}}</ref> Na usage of de name Haram al-Sharif by local Palestinians wane insyd recent decades, in favor of de traditional name of Al-Aqsa Mosque. == History == === Umayyad period === [[File:SWqanatirTempleMount.JPG|thumb|Southwest ''qanatir'' (arches) of de Al-Aqsa. Qubat al-Nahawiyya sanso be partially visible to de right.]] Insyd 637, de Rashidun Caliphate under Umar, de father-in-law of de Islamic prophet Muhammad, besiege den capture Jerusalem from de Byzantine Empire. Der be no contemporary records, buh chaw traditions, about de origin of de main Islamic buildings for de Temple Mount.<ref name="BahatAtlas">{{cite book|author=Dan Bahat|title=The Illustrated Atlas of Jerusalem|url=https://archive.org/details/illustratedatlas0000baha|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=1990|pages=[https://archive.org/details/illustratedatlas0000baha/page/81 81]–82}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Andreas Kaplony|title=Where Heaven and Earth Meet: Jerusalem's Sacred Esplanade|editor=Oleg Grabar and Benjamin Z. Kedar|chapter=635/638–1099: The Mosque of Jerusalem (Masjid Bayt al-Maqdis)|publisher=Yad Ben-Zvi Press|year=2009|pages=100–131}}</ref> Na a popular account from later centuries be say na dem lead Umar to de place reluctantly by de Christian patriarch Sophronius.<ref name="PetersJ">{{cite book|author=F. E. Peters|title=Jerusalem|url=https://archive.org/details/jerusalemholycit00pete|url-access=registration|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=1985|pages=[https://archive.org/details/jerusalemholycit00pete/page/186 186–192]|isbn=978-0-691-07300-2}}</ref> Na he find am dem cover am plus rubbish, buh na dem find de sacred Rock plus de help of a Jew wey convert, Ka'b al-Ahbar. Al-Ahbar advise Umar make he build a mosque to de north of de rock, so say worshippers go face both de rock den Mecca, buh instead Umar choose make he build am to de south of de rock. E cam be known as al-Aqsa Mosque. According to Muslim sources, na Jews participate insyd de construction of de haram, wey dem dey lay de groundwork for both al-Aqsa den de Dome of de Rock mosques.<ref>Yehoshua Frenkel, 'Jerusalem', in Abdelwahab Meddeb, Benjamin Stora (eds.), [https://books.google.com/books?id=Wbg1AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA108 ''A History of Jewish-Muslim Relations: From the Origins to the Present Day,''] Princeton University Press, 2013 p.108.</ref> De first known eyewitness testimony be dat of de pilgrim Arculf wey visit about 670. According to Arculf ein account as Adomnán record, na he see a rectangular wooden house of prayer dem build over sam ruins, large enough make e hold 3,000 people.<ref>{{cite book|author=John Wilkinson|title=Jerusalem Pilgrims before the Crusades|year=2002|page=170}}</ref> [[File:Jerusalem_Tempelberg_BW_1.JPG|thumb|De main mosque prayer hall along de southern wall of Al-Aqsa]] === Abbasid period === Na de Abbasids generally exhibit little interest insyd Jerusalem, though de historian Shelomo Dov Goitein dey notes dem "paid special tribute" to de city during de early part of dema rule, wey Grabar dey assert dat de early Abbasids dema work for de mosque dey suggest "a major attempt to assert Abbasid sponsorship of holy places". Nevertheless, for contrast to de Umayyad period, maintenance of de al-Aqsa Mosque during Abbasid rule often cam for de initiative of de local Muslim community, rather dan from de caliph. De second Abbasid caliph, al-Mansur (r. 754–775), visit Jerusalem insyd 758, for ein return from de [[Hajj]] pilgrimage to Mecca. Na he find de structures for de Haram in ruins from de 746 earthquake, wey dey include de al-Aqsa Mosque. According to de tradition wey Mujir al-Din cite, na dem beseech de caliph by de city ein Muslim residents make he fund de buildings dema restoration. For response, na he get de gold den silver plaques wey dey cover de mosque ein doors dem convert go dinars den dirhams make he finance de reconstruction. === Fatimid period === [[File:Interior_of_the_Al-Aksa_mosque,_Jerusalem._Chromolithograph_Wellcome_V0050126.jpg|thumb|A 19th-century chromolithograph of de prayer hall ein interior. De mosaic designs for de drum of de dome, de pendentives, den de archway in front of de ''mihrab'' date from de mid-11th-century Fatimid reconstruction]] Insyd 970, de Egypt-based Fatimid Caliphate conquer Palestine from de Ikhshidids, nominal allegiants of de Abbasids. Unlike de Abbasids den de Muslim inhabitants of Jerusalem, wey na dem be Sunnis, de Fatimids follow Shia Islam insyd ein Isma'ili form. Insyd 1033, anoda earthquake severely damage de mosque. De Fatimid caliph al-Zahir (r. 1021–1036) make dem reconstruct de mosque between 1034 deb 1036, though na dem no plete de til 1065, during de reign of Caliph al-Mustansir (r. 1036–1094). Na de new mosque be considerably smaller, dem reduce from fifteen aisles to seven, probably a reflection of de local population ein significant decline by dis time.Dey exclude de two aisles for each side of de central nave, na dem make up each aisle of eleven arches wey dey run perpendicular to de ''qibla''. Na de central nave be twice de breadth of de oda aisles wey e get a gabled roof plus a dome.Na de mosque likely lack de side doors of ein predecessor. [[File:Lazhar_Neftien_Aqsa_27.jpg|thumb|Caliph al-Zahir ein inscription above de ''mihrab'']] === Crusader/Ayyubid/Mamluk period === [[File:Baldwin_II_ceeding_the_Temple_of_Salomon_to_Hugues_de_Payens_and_Gaudefroy_de_Saint-Homer.jpg|thumb|Baldwin II of Jerusalem, wey dey assign de captured Al-Aqsa to Hugues de Payens den Godfrey]] Na de Crusaders capture Jerusalem insyd 1099, during de First Crusade. Na dem name de mosque ''Templum Solomonis'' (Solomon's Temple), wey dem distinguish am from de Dome of de Rock, wich na dem name ''Templum Domini'' (Temple of God). While na dem turn de Dome of de Rock into a Christian church under de care of de Augustinians,<ref name="Pringle403">Pringle, 1993, p. 403.</ref> na dem use de Qibli mosque as a royal palace wey e sanso be as a stable give horses. Insyd 1119, na de Crusader king accommodate de headquarters of de Knights Templar next to ein palace within de building.<ref name="auto1">Boas, 2001, p. 91.</ref> Na dis be probably by Baldwin II of Jerusalem den Warmund, Patriarch of Jerusalem for de Council of Nablus insyd January 1120.<ref>{{cite web|last=Selwood|first=Dominic|title=Birth of the Order|url=http://www.dominicselwood.com/birth-of-the-order/|access-date=20 April 2013|archive-date=17 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217105335/http://www.dominicselwood.com/birth-of-the-order/|url-status=dead}}</ref> During dis period, na de building undergo sam structural changes, wey dey include de expansion of ein northern porch, den de addition of an apse den a dividing wall. Na dem sanso build a new cloister den church for de site, along plus various oda structures. De Templars construct vaulted western den eastern annexes to de building; de western currently dey serve as de women's mosque den de eastern as de Islamic Museum.<ref name="Nusseibeh">Ma'oz, Moshe and Nusseibeh, Sari. (2000). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=9evpVS_ackwC&pg=PA137 Jerusalem: Points of Friction, and Beyond]'' BRILL. pp. 136–138. {{ISBN|90-411-8843-6}}.</ref> De Temple Mount get a mystique secof ebe above wat na dem believe to be de ruins of de Temple of Solomon.<ref name="HC">The History Channel, ''Decoding the Past: The Templar Code'', 7 November 2005, video documentary written by Marcy Marzuni.</ref><ref>Barber, ''The New Knighthood'', p. 7.</ref> [[File:Saladin_Minbar-Aqsa.JPG|right|thumb|De doors of de Saladin Minbar, early 1900s. Na dem build de ''minbar'' for Nur al-Din ein orders, but Saladin wey install am]] === Early modern period === [[File:Jerusalem_Al_Aqsa_Moschee_um_1900.jpg|thumb|De front view of de main prayer hall insyd 1900]] After de Ottomans assume power insyd 1517, dem no undertake any major renovations anaa repairs to de mosque einself, buh dem do to de Noble Sanctuary as a whole. Na dis include dem build de Fountain of Qasim Pasha (1527), wey dem restore de Pool of Raranj, wey dem build three free-standing domes—de most notable be de Dome of de Prophet dem build insyd 1538. Na all construction be ordered by de Ottoman governors of Jerusalem wey e no be de sultans demaselves.<ref name="AG07">[http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Al-Aqsa Guide] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081006175930/http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Archived] 6 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine Friends of Al-Aqsa 2007.</ref> Na de sultans make additions to existing minarets, however. Insyd 1816, na de mosque be restored by Governor Sulayman Pasha al-Adil after na e be insyd a dilapidated state.<ref>{{cite book|last=Pappe|first=Ilan|title=The Rise and Fall of a Palestinian Dynasty: The Huyaynis 1700 – 1948|date=2012|publisher=Saqi Books|isbn=978-0-86356-801-5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WzshBQAAQBAJ|chapter=Chapter 2: In the Shadow of Acre and Cairo: The Third Generation|access-date=14 August 2015|archive-date=15 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715070725/https://books.google.com/books?id=WzshBQAAQBAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> === British Mandate period === Between 1922 den 1924, na dem restore de Dome of de Rock den Qibli Mosque by de Supreme Muslim Council,<ref name=":1">[http://www.kinghussein.gov.jo/islam_restoration.html "Hashemite Restorations of the Islamic Holy Places in Jerusalem"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20080223104713/http://www.kinghussein.gov.jo/islam_restoration.html Archived] 2008-02-23 at the Wayback Machine, Jordanian government website.</ref> under Amin al-Husayni (de Grand Mufti of Jerusalem), wey commission [[Turkey|Turkish]] architect Ahmet Kemalettin Bey make he restore al-Aqsa Mosque den de monuments insyd ein precincts. De council sanso commission British architects, Egyptian engineering experts den local officials make dem contribute to den oversee de repairs den additions wich na dem carry out insyd 1924–25 by Kemalettin. De renovations include reinforcing de mosque ein ancient Umayyad foundations, wey dey rectify de interior columns, wey dey replace de beams, wey dey erect a scaffolding, wey dey conserve de arches den drum of de main dome ein interior, wey dey rebuild de southern wall, den dey replace timber insyd de central nave plus a slab of concrete. De renovations sanso reveal Fatimid-era mosaics den inscriptions for de interior arches wey na ebe covered plus plasterwork. Na dem decorate de arches plus gold den green-tinted gypsum wey na dem replace dema timber tie beams plus brass. Na dem sanso carefully renew a quarter of de stained glass windows also so as make e preserve dema original Abbasid den Fatimid designs.<ref name="Yuvaz149-153">Yuvaz, 1996, pp.&nbsp;149–153.</ref> === After 1948 === [[File:King_Hussein_flying_over_Temple_Mount_when_it_was_under_Jordanian_control.jpg|thumb|King Hussein wey dey fly over Al-Aqsa wen na de West Bank dey under Jordanian control, 1965]] Since 1948, na de Al-Aqsa Mosque compound dey under de custodianship of de Hashemite rulers of Jordan, dem administer thru de Jerusalem Waqf, de current version of wich na ebe instituted by Jordan after ein conquest den occupation of de West Bank, wey dey include East Jerusalem, during de 1948 war.<ref name="Sachar">{{cite book|last=Sachar|first=Howard M.|title=A History of Israel: From the Rise of Zionism to Our Time|publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group|year=2013|edition=2nd|isbn=978-0-8041-5049-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0X4BAAAAQBAJ|access-date=2016-03-20}}</ref> De Jerusalem Waqf remain under Jordanian control after Israel occupy de Old City of Jerusalem during de Six-Day War of June 1967, though control over access to de site pass to Israel. Jordan undertake two renovations of de Dome of de Rock, wey dey replace de leaking, wooden inner dome plus an aluminum dome insyd 1952, den, wen de new dome leak, dem carry out a second restoration between 1959 den 1964.<ref name=":1" /> [[File:Al_aqsa_moschee_2.jpg|thumb|De prayer hall (Al Aqsa Mosque / Al Qibli mosque) dome insyd 1982, dem cover insyd aluminum den visibly silver, wey dey follow de 1969 fire, rather dan de original grey lead]] == Buildings den architecture == De entire precinct anaa courtyard (''sahn'') of de Al-Aqsa Mosque compound fi host more dan 400,000 worshippers, wey dey make am one of de largest mosques insyd de world.<ref name="Prawer">{{cite book|last1=Prawer|first1=P.M.H.J.|last2=Prawer|first2=J.|last3=Ben-Shammai|first3=H.|author4=Yad Yitsḥaḳ Ben-Tsevi|author5=Universiṭah ha-ʻIvrit bi-Yerushalayim|title=The History of Jerusalem: The Early Muslim Period (638–1099)|publisher=NYU Press|year=1996|isbn=978-0-8147-6639-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-qQUCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA81|access-date=2022-05-31|page=81|quote=... The Temple Mount, al-Haram al-Sharif, is a large esplanade (sahn in Arabic) ...}}</ref><ref name="NG">{{cite book|author=National Geographic Society (U.S.)|last2=de Blij|first2=H.J.|last3=Downs|first3=R.|author4=John Wiley & Sons|title=Wiley/National Geographic College Atlas of the World|publisher=Wiley|year=2007|isbn=978-0-471-74117-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pPQ5AQAAIAAJ|access-date=2022-06-15|page=49|quote=Al 'Aqsa is the second oldest mosque in Islam after the Kaaba in Mecca and is third in holiness after the mosques in Mecca and Medina. It holds up to 400,000 worshippers at one time.}}</ref> De compound dey comprise chaw buildings, wey dey include de Dome of de Rock, Qibli Mosque, four encircling minarets, various oda domed shrines den de entry gates. === Dome of de Rock === [[File:Palestine-2013(2)-Jerusalem-Temple_Mount-Dome_of_the_Rock_(SE_exposure).jpg|thumb|De Dome of de Rock]] De Dome of de Rock be de gold-domed Islamic shrine for de center of de Al-Aqsa Mosque compound. Na ein initial construction be undertaken by de Umayyad Caliphate for de orders of Abd al-Malik during de Second Fitna insyd 691–692 CE. De original dome collapse insyd 1015 wey na dem rebuild am insyd 1022–23. De Dome of de Rock be de world ein oldest surviving work of Islamic architecture,<ref name="Ahmed Sonn 2010 p. 229">{{cite book|last1=Ahmed|first1=A.S.|last2=Sonn|first2=T.|title=The SAGE Handbook of Islamic Studies|publisher=SAGE Publications|year=2010|isbn=978-1-4739-7168-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qihRCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT229|quote=Questions of visual domination and conversion were among the important factors in the construction of the oldest surviving Islamic monument, the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem.|page=229}}</ref><ref name="George 2010 p.">{{cite book|last=George|first=A.|title=The Rise of Islamic Calligraphy|publisher=Saqi|year=2010|isbn=978-0-86356-673-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xpxEAQAAIAAJ|quote=The answer to this question begins with the oldest surviving Islamic monument : the Dome of the Rock|page=60}}</ref> wey na dem model ein architecture den mosaics after nearby Byzantine churches den palaces,<ref name="avner43">{{cite book|last=Avner|first=Rina|year=2010|chapter=The Dome of the Rock in light of the development of concentric martyria in Jerusalem|title=Muqarnas|volume=27: An Annual on the Visual Cultures of the Islamic World|publisher=Brill|place=Leiden|isbn=978-900418511-1|pages=31–50 [43–44]|jstor=25769691|chapter-url=https://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/9484/original/DTP101967.pdf?1396907242|access-date=24 March 2017|archive-date=25 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325025745/https://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/9484/original/DTP101967.pdf?1396907242|url-status=dead}}</ref> although na dem change ein outsyd appearance significantly during de Ottoman period den again insyd de modern period, notably plus de addition of de gold-plated roof, insyd 1959–61 den again insyd 1993. De octagonal plan of de structure fi be influenced by de Byzantine-era Church of de Seat of Mary (dem sanso know as ''Kathisma'' insyd Greek den ''al-Qadismu'' insyd Arabic), wich na dem build between 451 den 458 for de road between Jerusalem den Bethlehem. De dome dey sit on a slightly raised platform access by eight staircases, each of wich dem top by a free-standing arcade dem know insyd Arabic as de ''qanatir'' anaa ''mawazin''. Na dem erect de arcades insyd different periods from de 10th to 15th centuries.<ref name=":21"/> ==== Architecture ==== [[File:Dehio_10_Dome_of_the_Rock_Section.jpg|thumb|Cross section of de Dome (print from 1887, after de first detailed drawings of de Dome, wey de English artist Frederick Catherwood make insyd 1833).]] De Dome of de Rock ein structure be basically octagonal. Dem cap am for ein centre by a dome, approximately {{convert|20|m|ft|abbr=on}} for diameter insyd, dem mount for an elevated circular drum wey dey stand for 16 supports (4 tiers den 12 columns).<ref name="BRIT">{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9030854/Dome-of-the-Rock|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|title=Dome of the Rock|access-date=4 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615131142/https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9030854/Dome-of-the-Rock|archive-date=15 June 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> Surrounding dis circle be an octagonal arcade of 24 piers den columns. De octagonal arcade den de inner circular drum create an inner ambulatorium wey dey encircle de holy rock. De outer walls sanso be octagonal. Dem each dey measure approximately {{convert|60|ft|m|abbr=on|order=flip}} wide den {{convert|36|ft|m|abbr=on|order=flip}} high. De outer dem inner octagon create a second, outer ambulatorium wey dey surround de inner one. Both de circular drum den de exterior walls dey contain chaw windows. ==== Encircling archways ==== [[File:Al-Haram_ash-Sharif._Temple_mount._-_9033987228.jpg|thumb|A view of de southeastern wey dey look inwards towards de Dome of de Rock]] Surrounding de Dome of de Rock, for de top of each of de eight flights of stairs up onto de platform for wich e dey tap, be eight freestanding sets of archways dem call "Al-Mawazin", each be supported by 2 to 4 columns, dem set between two pilasters. E be likely dat sam of de archways dey date back to de period of de construction of de Dome of de Rock wey na dem fi be an integral part of ein initial construction plan. For particular, dem dey think say de four arcades wey dey face de four entrances dem build at de same time as de dome.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gonzalez-Quijano|first=Yves|date=2010-09-01|title=Jérusalem, capitale " éternelle et indivisible " de la culture arabe?|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/mediterranee.4488|journal=Méditerranée|issue=114|pages=131–133|doi=10.4000/mediterranee.4488|issn=0025-8296}}</ref> === Al-Aqsa/Qibli Mosque === [[File:Dome_of_the_Al-Aqsa_Mosque_(20160).jpg|thumb|De silver-colored dome dey consist of lead sheeting]] De [[Al-Aqsa Mosque]] anaa Qibli Mosque be de main congregational mosque prayer hall of de Al-Aqsa Mosque compound, plus capacity for around 5,000 worshippers. Na dem destroy am den rebuild am chaw times. ==== Facade ==== [[File:Al-Aqsa_Mosque_(Temple_Mount,_Jerusalem,_2008).jpg|thumb|De facade of de prayer hall. Na ebe constructed by de Fatimids, then ebe expanded by de Crusaders, de Ayyubids den de Mamluks]] Na dem build de facade of de mosque insyd 1065 CE for de instructions of de Fatimid caliph al-Mustansir Billah. Na dem crown am plus a balustrade wey dey consist of arcades den small columns. De Crusaders damage de facade, buh na ebe restored den renovated by de Ayyubids. Na one addition be de covering of de facade plus tiles.<ref name="Nusseibeh"/> De second-hand material of de facade ein arches dey include sculpted, ornamental material dem take from Crusader structures insyd Jerusalem.<ref>Hillenbrand, Carolle. (2000). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=UalnoF5MBHMC&pg=PA382 The Crusades: The Islamic Perspective]'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20200715042920/https://books.google.com/books?id=UalnoF5MBHMC&pg=PA382 Archived] 15 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine Routeledge, p. 382 {{ISBN|0-415-92914-8}}.</ref> De facade dey consist of fourteen stone arches,<ref name="auto">{{cite web|title=Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem|publisher=Atlas Travel and Tourist Agency|url=http://www.atlastours.net/holyland/al_aqsa_mosque.html|access-date=29 June 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080726195105/http://www.atlastours.net/holyland/al_aqsa_mosque.html|archive-date=26 July 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> chaw of wich be of a Romanesque style. De outer arches dem add by de Mamluks dey follow de same general design. De entrance to de mosque be thru de facade ein central arch.<ref name="SD">[http://www.sacred-destinations.com/israel/jerusalem-al-aqsa-mosque.htm Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem] [https://web.archive.org/web/20080724183611/http://www.sacred-destinations.com/israel/jerusalem-al-aqsa-mosque.htm Archived] 24 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine Sacred Destinations.</ref> ==== Interior ==== [[File:Al_Aqsa_(6888221391).jpg|thumb|Interior decoration of de prayer hall ein main dome]] De al-Aqsa Mosque get seven aisles of hypostyle naves plus chaw additional small halls to de west den east of de southern section of de building.<ref name="ADL36">[http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=36 Al-Aqsa Mosque] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090103022822/http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=36 Archived] 3 January 2009 at the Wayback Machine Archnet Digital Library.</ref> Der be 121 stained glass windows insyd de mosque from de Abbasid den Fatimid eras. Na dem restore about a fourth of dem insyd 1924.<ref name="Yuvaz149-153">Yuvaz, 1996, pp.&nbsp;149–153.</ref> De spandrels of de arch opposite de main entrance dey include a mosaic decoration den inscription wey dey date back to Fatimid period.<ref name="Islam p.151">The Encyclopaedia of Islam; By H. A. R. Gibb, E. van Donzel, P. J. Bearman, J. van Lent; p.151</ref> ==== Minbar ==== [[File:El_Aksa_(i.e.,_al-Aqsa)_Mosque._Cedar_pulpit_&_mihrab_LOC_matpc.03246_(cropped_and_retouched).jpg|thumb|View of de minbar insyd de 1930s]] Na de ''minbar'' of de mosque be built by a craftsman dem name Akhtarini from Aleppo for de orders of de Zengid sultan Nur ad-Din. Na dem intend am say e be a gift for de mosque wen Nur ad-Din go capture Jerusalem from de Crusaders wey e take six years make dem build (1168–74). Nur ad-Din die wey de Crusaders still controll Jerusalem, buh insys 1187, Saladin capture de city wey na dem install de ''minbar''. Na dem make de structure of ivory den carefully crafted wood. Na dem inscribe Arabic calligraphy, geometrical den floral designs insyd de woodwork.<ref name="Oweis">Oweis, Fayeq S. (2002) ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=UjQAnCS1ongC&pg=PA115 The Elements of Unity in Islamic Art as Examined Through the Work of Jamal Badran]'' [https://web.archive.org/web/20200715044121/https://books.google.com/books?id=UjQAnCS1ongC&pg=PA115 Archived] 15 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine Universal-Publishers, pp. 115–117. {{ISBN|1-58112-162-8}}.</ref> === Al-Marwani Mosque === De Marwani Mosque be anoda Islamic prayer hall wey situate insyd a large vaulted space beneath de main level of de southeastern corner of de compound, buh still above de bedrock den within de enclosing walls of de Temple Mount. E be colloquially known as Solomon's Stables.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://campsci.com/museum/images/46e.jpg|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020719023533/http://campsci.com/museum/images/46e.jpg|url-status=dead|archive-date=2002-07-19|title=Photograph of King Solomon's Stables|access-date=2018-04-05}}</ref> De mosque dey consist of three hallways, de first of wich dey act as de main entrance, de second hallway wich dey serve as de prayer hall plus room for 4,000 worshippers, den a third wich be closed off plus stone.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Ghosheh, M. Hashim.|title=Guide to the Masjid al-Aqsa; an Architectural and Historical Guide to the Islamic Monuments in the Masjid al-Aqsa.|publisher=Ministry of Awqaf and Religious Affairs.|year=2005}}</ref> De whole structure be supported by 16 stone columns wey ebe de largest roofed space within de Al-Aqsa Mosque compound. De Jerusalem Islamic Waqf acquire a permit make dem use Solomon's Stables insyd 1996 as an alternative place of worship for occasional rainy days of de holy month of [[Ramadan]].<ref name="Gonen2003">{{cite book|author=Rivka Gonen|title=Contested Holiness: Jewish, Muslim, and Christian Perspectives on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem|url=https://archive.org/details/contestedholines00rivk|url-access=registration|year=2003|publisher=KTAV Publishing House, Inc.|isbn=978-0-88125-799-1|pages=[https://archive.org/details/contestedholines00rivk/page/167 167]–169}}</ref> === Oda domed structures === [[File:Jerusalem-2013-Temple_Mount-Dome_of_the_Ascension_04.jpg|thumb|Dome of de Ascension of [[Muhammad]]]] ==== Dome of de Ascension ==== De Dome of the Ascension be a free-standing domed structure dem build by de Umayyads wey dey stand just north de Dome of de Rock wey dey commemorate de Islamic Prophet [[Muhammad]] ein ascension (''al-Miʿrāj'') to heaven, according to Islamic tradition.<ref name=":15234415">{{Cite web|title=Temple Mount, Dome of Ascension / The Qubbat al-Miraj|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/community.15234415|website=JSTOR|last1=Abbasids|first1=Originally Built by the Ummayads or the|last2=Current Edifice Was Built By The Ayyubid Governor Of Jerusalem|first2=Izz ad-Din az-Zanjili}}</ref> Na de original edifice be probably built by either de Umayyads anaa de Abbasids (samtime between 7th-10th centuries),<ref name=":15234415"/> while na de current edifice be built by de Ayyubid governor of Jerusalem, Izz ad-Din az-Zanjili,<ref name="t048_qub_al">{{cite web|title=Qubbat al-Miʿraj|url=http://i2ud.org/j/html3/monuments/sites/t048_qub_al/|website=Institute for International Urban Development (I2UD)|access-date=2023-08-09|archive-date=2022-06-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220602125455/http://i2ud.org/j/html3/monuments/sites/t048_qub_al/|url-status=dead}}</ref> insyd 1200 anaa 1201 (during Sultan Al-Adil I ein reign de bro of Saladin Al-Ayyubi<ref name="auto5">Al-Jallad, I. (2017). معالم المسجد الأقصى تحت المجهر [Al-Aqsa Mosque landmarks under the microscope]. Baytul Maqdis Center for Literature.</ref>). An Arabic inscription date to 1200 anaa 1201 (597 AH) wey dey describe am as renovated<ref name=":21"/><ref name=":23">{{Cite book|last=Bahat|first=Dan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-qQUCgAAQBAJ&dq=jerusalem+temple+mount+dome+of+the+ascension&pg=PA86|title=The History of Jerusalem: The Early Muslim Period (638-1099)|publisher=New York University Press|year=1996|isbn=978-0-8147-6639-2|editor-last=Prawer|editor-first=Joshua|pages=86|language=en|editor-last2=Ben-Shammai|editor-first2=Haggai}}</ref> den rededicated as a waqf.<ref name="PawerJerusalem">{{cite book|last1=Pawer|first1=Jonathan|title=The History of Jerusalem: The Early Muslim Period (638-1099)|date=1996|publisher=New York University Press|isbn=0814766390|page=86}}</ref><ref name="Montefiore">Simon Sebag Montefiore, Jerusalem: The Biography, p. 276.</ref> Na de dome no exist insyd de Crusader era, as na e no be described by Crusader travelers during dema visit to de mosque during de Crusader occupation period, wey na der be no mention of de presence of a dome west of de Dome of de Rock.<ref>وصف الأماكن المقدسة في فلسطين للرحالة الألماني ثيودريش [Description of the Holy Places in Palestine by the German traveler Theodoric] (S. Al-Bishawy & R. Shaheen, Trans.). (2003). Dar Al-Shorok for publication and distribution.</ref> De Ayyubid inscription dey talk about rebuilding a dome after ein disappearance, guided by de information dem find insyd history books,<ref name="auto5">Al-Jallad, I. (2017). معالم المسجد الأقصى تحت المجهر [Al-Aqsa Mosque landmarks under the microscope]. Baytul Maqdis Center for Literature.</ref> plus de use of sam Crusader materials.<ref name=":15234415"/><ref name="tika2013">{{Cite web|date=2013|title=Al-Aqsa Mosque al-Haram ash-Sharif|url=https://www.tika.gov.tr/upload/2016/INGILIZCE%20SITE%20ESERLER/TANITIM%20BRO%C5%9E%C3%9CRLER%C4%B0/PDF/Haram-Ash-sharief-Final-En_2013.pdf|url-status=live|website=TİKA|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170612224506/http://www.tika.gov.tr/upload/2016/INGILIZCE%20SITE%20ESERLER/TANITIM%20BRO%C5%9E%C3%9CRLER%C4%B0/PDF/Haram-Ash-sharief-Final-En_2013.pdf|archive-date=2017-06-12}}</ref><ref name="auto5" /> [[File:Palestine-2013(2)-Jerusalem-Temple_Mount-Dome_of_the_Chain_(south_exposure).jpg|left|thumb|De Dome of de Chain]] ==== Dome of de Chain ==== De Dome of de Chain be a free-standing domed structure wey locate adjacently east of de Dome of de Rock, den ein exact historical use den significance be a matter of scholarly debate, buh historical sources dey indicate na dem build am under de reign of Abd al-Malik, de same Umayyad caliph wey build de Dome of de Rock.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rosen-Ayalon|first=Myriam|date=1989|title=The Early Islamic Monuments of Al-Ḥaram Al-Sharīf: An Iconographic Study|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43588798|journal=Qedem|volume=28|pages=III–73|jstor=43588798|issn=0333-5844}}</ref> Dem erect am insyd 691–92 CE,<ref name="Pringle">Pringle (1993), pp. 182–185</ref> de Dome of de Chain be one of de oldest surviving structures for de al-Aqsa Mosque compound.<ref name="Archnet2">Archnet: ''Qubba al-Silsila''</ref> Na ebe built by de Umayyads, wey e cam turn a Christian chapel under de Crusaders, before dem restore am as an Islamic prayer house by de Ayyubids. Na ebe then renovated by de Mamluks, Ottomans den de Jordanian-based ''waqf''. [[File:Palestine-2013(2)-Jerusalem-Temple_Mount-Dome_of_the_Chain-Mihrab.jpg|right|thumb|De ''mihrab'']] De building dey consist of a domed structure plus two concentric open arcades, plus no lateral walls wey dey close insyd am. De dome, wey dey rest on a hexagonal drum, dem make am of timber wey ebe supported by six columns wich togeda dey create de inner arcade. De second, outer row of eleven columns dey create an eleven-sided outer arcade. De ''qibla'' wall dey contain de ''mihrab'' anaa prayer niche wey ebe flanked by two smaller columns.<ref name="Pringle">Pringle (1993), pp. 182–185</ref> Der be a total of seventeen columns insyd de structure, wey dey exclude de ''mihrab''.<ref name="OConnor">Murphy-O'Connor (2008), p. 97</ref> [[File:Jerusalem-2013-Temple_Mount-Dome_of_al-Khalili.jpg|thumb|250x250px|Dome of al-Khalili]] ==== Dome of al-Khalili ==== De Dome of al-Khalili be a small domed-building wey locate north of de Dome of de Rock. Na dem build de Dome of al-Khalili insyd de early 18th century during Ottoman rule of Palestine for dedication to Shaykh Muhammad al-Khalili, a scholar of fiqh wey die insyd 1734.<ref>[http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Al-Aqsa Guide] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081006175930/http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Archived] October 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine Al-Aqsa Friends 2007.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.discoverislamicart.org/database_item.php?id=object;ISL;pa;Mus01;39;en|title=Cloak belonging to Sheikh Muhammad al-Khalili|work=Discover Islamic Art|publisher=Museum With No Frontiers|access-date=2017-11-28}}</ref> [[File:Dome_of_the_Prophet_(Temple_Mount,_2008).jpg|left|thumb|De Dome of de Prophet]] ==== Dome of de Prophet ==== De Dome of de Prophet be a free-standing dome wey locate for de northwest part of de elevated platform wer de Dome of de Rock dey stand near de Dome of de Ascension.<ref name="Kaplony">{{cite book|last=Kaplony|first=Andreas|title=The Ḥaram of Jerusalem (324-1099): Temple, Friday Mosque, Area of Spiritual Power|publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag|year=2002|isbn=978-3515079013|location=Zurich|pages=84}}</ref> [[File:ISR-2013-Jerusalem-Temple_Mount-Dome_of_the_Tablets_(Spirits).jpg|thumb|Dome of de spirits]] ==== Dome of de Spirits ==== De Dome of de Spirits, anaa possibly "Dome of de Winds", be a small dome wey dey stand to de north of de Dome of de Rock wey ebe dated to de 16th century.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Goldhill|first=Simon|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S5svEAAAQBAJ&dq=jerusalem+qubbat+al-arwah&pg=PA348|title=Jerusalem: City of Longing|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2010|isbn=978-0-674-26385-7|pages=110|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":21">{{Cite book|last=Murphy-O'Connor|first=Jerome|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KKIUDAAAQBAJ|title=The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide from Earliest Times to 1700|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-19-923666-4|pages=98|language=en}}</ref> E fi be associated plus de proximity of de Well of Souls, wer, according to legend, de souls of de dead go be gathered for prayer for de day of judgment. Na dem probably build am during Umayyad period secof Ibn al-Faqih al-Hamadani (3-4H/9-10th century) insyd ein Mukhtasar Kitab al-Buldan mention dat na der be a dome insyd al-Aqsa enclave dem call Kubbat Jibril (Dome of Gabriel). Wey na dem bell am Kubbat al-Ruh den Kubbat al-Arvah (Dome of de Spirits). Na dem probably rebuild am during de 10th century AH/16th century AC during de Ottoman period.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hadi|first=Mahdi Abdul|date=2013|title=Al-Aqsa Mosque Al-Haram Ash-Sharif.|url=https://www.tika.gov.tr/upload/2016/INGILIZCE%20SITE%20ESERLER/TANITIM%20BRO%C5%9E%C3%9CRLER%C4%B0/PDF/Haram-Ash-sharief-Final-En_2013.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170612224506/http://www.tika.gov.tr/upload/2016/INGILIZCE%20SITE%20ESERLER/TANITIM%20BRO%C5%9E%C3%9CRLER%C4%B0/PDF/Haram-Ash-sharief-Final-En_2013.pdf|archive-date=2017-06-12|access-date=|website=Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs, PASSIA. (Supported by TİKA)}}</ref> [[File:Israel-2013-Jerusalem-Temple_Mount-Dome_of_Yusuf_01.jpg|left|thumb|De Dome of Yusuf]] ==== Dome of Yusuf ==== De Dome of Yusuf be a free-standing domed structure wey Saladin (born Yusuf) build insyd de 12th century, wey na dem renovate am chaw times.<ref name="Hillenbrand">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UalnoF5MBHMC&q=%22dome+of+joseph%22+jerusalem&pg=PA191|title=The Crusades: Islamic perspectives|author=Carole Hillenbrand|edition=Illustrated, reprint, annotated|publisher=Routledge|year=2000|isbn=978-0-415-92914-1|page=191|quote=a monumental inscription dated 587(AH)/1191 in [Saladin's] name on the Dome of Joseph [Qubbat Yusuf] on the Haram esplanade: 'the victorious king, the probity of this world and of [true] religion, the Sultan of Islam and of the Muslims, the servant of the two noble sanctuaries and of Jerusalem.'}}</ref><ref name="Gulru">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FG6ZlkRjD2IC&q=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+jerusalem&pg=PA73|page=73|title=Muqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World|first=Gülru|last=Necipoğlu|author-link=|edition=Illustrated, annotated|publisher=BRILL|year=1998|isbn=978-90-04-11084-7}}</ref><ref name="Ayalon">{{cite book|page=97|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h7CfAAAAMAAJ&q=%22qubbat+yusuf%22+%22renovated+several+times%22|title=Islamic art and archaeology in Palestine|author=Myriam Rosen-Ayalon|edition=Illustrated|publisher=Left Coast Press|year=2006|isbn=978-1-59874-064-6}}</ref> E dey bear inscriptions from de 12th den 17th centuries: one date 1191 insyd Saladin ein name, den two dey mention Yusuf Agha, possibly a governor of Jerusalem anaa a eunuch insyd de Ottoman imperial palace.<ref name="ADL">[http://www.archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5266 Qubbat Yusuf] [https://web.archive.org/web/20110805051948/http://www.archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5266 Archived] August 5, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Archnet Digital Library.</ref><ref name="FA07">[https://web.archive.org/web/20081006175930/http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Al-Aqsa Guide] Friends of al-Aqsa 2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20081220121813/http://www.aqsa.org.uk/MULTIMEDIA/AlAqsaGuide/tabid/82/language/en-GB/Default.aspx Archived] December 20, 2008, at the Wayback Machine</ref> [[File:ISR-2013-Jerusalem-Temple_Mount-Dome_of_Yusuf_Agha.jpg|thumb|De Dome of Yusuf Agha]] ==== Dome of Yusuf Agha ==== De Dome of Yusuf Agha be a small square building insyd de courtyard between de Islamic Museum den [[al-Aqsa Mosque]] (al-Qibli). Na dem build am insyd 1681 wey e dey commemorate Yusuf Agha, wey sanso endow de Dome of Yusuf,<ref name="t194_qubbat_yusuf">{{cite web|title=Qubbat Yusuf Agha|url=http://i2ud.org/j/html3/monuments/sites/t194_qubbat_yusuf-agha/|website=Institute for International Urban Development (I2UD)|access-date=2023-08-09|archive-date=2022-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425055845/http://i2ud.org/j/html3/monuments/sites/t194_qubbat_yusuf-agha/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Hillenbrand|first=Robert|editor1-last=Auld|editor1-first=Sylvia|title=Ottoman Jerusalem|date=2000|publisher=British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem|location=London|isbn=978-1-901435-03-0|page=16|url=https://www.academia.edu/33221398|quote=[…] two structures erected by Yusuf Agha in 1681 – the Qubbat Yusuf (an open-plan aedicule) and the Qubbat Yusuf Agha (a closed domed square) — clearly suggest that, despite the identical terminology, different forms connoted different functions in Jerusalem at that time.}}</ref> a smaller den more intricate-looking structure about {{convert|120|m}} to de north. Na dem convert am insyd de 1970s into a ticket office.<ref>{{cite book|title=Pilgrimage, Sciences and Sufism|date=2013|publisher=Museum with No Frontiers|isbn=978-3-902782-11-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kTrdBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT59|quote=the Haram al-Sharif is free, but an entrance fee is charged for visiting the Dome of the Rock, the Jami'a Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Islamic Museum. Tickets can be purchased with local currency from the kiosk outside the Islamic Museum}}</ref> ==== Oda examples ==== Insyd de southwest corner of de upper platform be a quadrangular structure wich dey include a portion dem top by anoda dome. Ebe known as de Dome of Literature (''Qubba Nahwiyya'' insyd Arabic) wey dey date to 1208.<ref name=":21"/> Dey stand further east, close to one of de southern entrance arcades, be a stone ''minbar'' dem know as de "Summer Pulpit" anaa Minbar of Burhan al-Din, dem use for open-air prayers. E dey appear to be an older ciborium from de Crusader period, as dem attest by ein sculptural decoration, wich na then dem reuse under de Ayyubids. Sam time after 1345, a Mamluk judge name Burhan al-Din (d. 1388) restore am wey he add a stone staircase, wey dey give am ein present form.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Burgoyne|first=Michael Hamilton|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qR_qAAAAMAAJ|title=Mamluk Jerusalem: An Architectural Study|publisher=British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem by the World of Islam Festival Trust|year=1987|isbn=978-0-905035-33-8|pages=319–320|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Neci̇poğlu|first=Gülru|date=2008|title=The Dome of the Rock as Palimpsest: ʻabd Al-Malik's Grand Narrative and Sultan Süleyman's Glosses|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/27811114|journal=Muqarnas|volume=25|pages=17–105|doi=10.1163/22118993_02501004|jstor=27811114|issn=0732-2992}}</ref> === Minarets === [[File:Izrael,_imgp6590_(2016-11).jpg|thumb|Ghawanima Minaret, plus de Dome of de Rock insyd de background]] De mosque compound get four minarets, plus three along de western perimeter of de esplanade den one along de northern wall. Dese be de Ghawanima Minaret, Bab al Silsila Minaret, Fakhriyya Minaret den [[Bab al-Asbat Minaret]]. Na dem construct de earliest dated minaret for de northwest corner of de Temple Mount insyd 1298, plus three oda minarets dem add over de course of de 14th century.<ref name="auto3">{{cite book|last1=Grabar|first1=Oleg|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CW6U921i4fEC&q=ghawanima+minaret+sultan+lajin|title=Where Heaven and Earth Meet: Jerusalem's Sacred Esplanade|last2=Ḳedar|first2=Benjamin Z.|date=2009|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=978-0-292-72272-9|pages=191|language=en}}</ref><ref name="auto2">{{cite book|last=Murphy-O'Connor|first=Jerome|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KKIUDAAAQBAJ&dq=ghawanima+minaret&pg=PA90|title=The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide from Earliest Times to 1700|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-19-923666-4|pages=90|language=en}}</ref> ==== Ghawanima Minaret ==== De Ghawanima Minaret anaa Al-Ghawanima Minaret na dem build for de northwestern corner of de Noble Sanctuary during de reign of Sultan Lajin circa 1298, anaa between 1297 den 1299,<ref name="auto3"/> anaa circa 1298.<ref name="auto2"/><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last=Cytryn-Silverman|first=K|date=2008|title=Three Mamluk Minarets in Ramla|url=https://www.academia.edu/19984772|journal=Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam|volume=35|pages=379–432}}</ref> Dem name am after Shaykh Ghanim ibn Ali ibn Husayn, wey na dem appoint am de Shaykh of de Salahiyyah Madrasah by Saladin.<ref>{{cite web|title=Minarets|url=https://masjidalaqsa.net/minarets/|website=MasjidAlAqsa.net}}</ref> [[File:Bab_al-Silsila_minaret_-_Al-Aqsa_Mosque.JPG|thumb|Bab al-Silsila Minaret]] ==== Bab al-Silsila Minaret (Minaret of de Chain Gate) ==== De Bab al-Silsila Minaret (Minaret of de Chain Gate) na dem build am insyd 1329 by Tankiz, de Mamluk governor of Syria, near de Chain Gate, for de western border of de al-Aqsa Mosque.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Burgoyne|first1=Michael Hamilton|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qR_qAAAAMAAJ&q=%22bab+al-silsila+minaret%22+1329|title=Mamluk Jerusalem: An Architectural Study|last2=Richards|first2=Donald Sidney|publisher=British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem by the World of Islam Festival Trust|year=1987|isbn=978-0-905035-33-8|pages=77, 244|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last1=Galor|first1=Katharina|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8cvYAQAAQBAJ&dq=%22bab+al-silsila+minaret%22+tankiz&pg=PA222|title=The Archaeology of Jerusalem: From the Origins to the Ottomans|last2=Bloedhorn|first2=Hanswulf|date=2013-11-26|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-11195-8|pages=222|language=en}}</ref> Dem sanso know de minaret as Mahkamah Minaret since de minaret dey locate near de Madrasa al-Tankiziyya wich serve as a law court during de times of Ottomans.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ghushah|first=M.H.|url=https://fada.birzeit.edu/handle/20.500.11889/4857|title=Guide to the Masjid al-Aqsa|publisher=Ministry of Awqaf and Religious Affairs.|year=2005}}</ref> [[File:Jerusalem-2013-Temple_Mount-Al-Fakhariyya_Minaret.jpg|left|thumb|Fakhriyya Minaret]] ==== Fakhriyya Minaret ==== De Fakhriyya Minaret<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last1=Burgoyne|first1=Michael Hamilton|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qR_qAAAAMAAJ&q=fakhriyya+minaret|title=Mamluk Jerusalem: An Architectural Study|last2=Richards|first2=Donald Sidney|date=1987|publisher=British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem by the World of Islam Festival Trust|isbn=978-0-905035-33-8|pages=270|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Armstrong|first=Karen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_MJuf1yZrY0C&dq=fakhriyya+minaret&pg=PA309|title=Jerusalem: One City, Three Faiths|publisher=Random House Publishing Group|year=2011|isbn=978-0-307-79859-6|pages=309|language=en}}</ref> anaa Al-Fakhiriyya Minaret,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Grabar|first=Oleg|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OeIOowshe6EC&q=fakhiriyya&pg=PA9|title=The Dome of the Rock|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-674-02313-0|pages=9|language=en}}</ref> na dem build for de junction of de southern wall den western wall,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Patel|first=Ismail Adam|title=Virtues of Jerusalem and islamic perspective|publisher=al-Aqsa Publisher|year=2006|location=United Kingdom|pages=100}}</ref> over de solid part of de wall.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kapolony|first=Andreas|title=The Ḥaram of Jerusalem (324-1099): Temple, Friday Mosque, Area of Spiritual Power|publisher=Freiburger Islamstudien|year=2010|pages=281}}</ref> Dem no know de exact date of ein original construction buh na dem build am samtime after 1345 den before 1496.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kedar|first=Benjamin Z.|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3MzzDQAAQBAJ&dq=fakhriyya+minaret+construction+date&pg=PT43|title=The Templars and their Sources|publisher=Routledge|year=2017|isbn=978-1-315-47527-1|editor-last=Borchardt|editor-first=Karl|pages=21|language=en|chapter=Vestiges of Templar presence in the Aqsa Mosque|editor-last2=Döring|editor-first2=Karoline|editor-last3=Josserand|editor-first3=Philippe|editor-last4=Nicholson|editor-first4=Helen J.}}</ref> Na dem name am after Fakhr al-Din al-Khalili, de poppie of Sharif al-Din Abd al-Rahman wey supervise de building ein construction.Na dem rebuild de minaret insyd 920.<ref name="Passia">{{Cite journal|last=Passia|date=2013|title=Mesjid Aksa Rehberi (Haram-i Serif)|journal=TIKA|pages=3–66}}</ref> [[File:HaShvatim_IMG_1529.jpg|right|thumb|Bab al-Asbat Minaret]] ==== Bab al-Asbat Minaret (Minaret of de Tribes' Gate) ==== Na dem build de last den most notable minaret insyd 1367: de Bāb al-ʾAsbāṭ Minaret, near de Tribes' Gate (al-ʾAsbāṭ Gate). Ebe composed of a cylindrical stone shaft (dem build later by de Ottomans), wich dey spring up from a rectangular Mamluk-built base on top of a triangular transition zone.<ref name="Asbat">[http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5551 Bab al-Asbat Minaret] [https://web.archive.org/web/20110629165310/http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=5551 Archived] 2011-06-29 at the Wayback Machine Archnet Digital Library.</ref> De shaft dey narrow above de muezzin ein balcony wey ebe dotted plus circular windows, wey dey end plus a bulbous dome. === Oda features === [[File:TM_washing.JPG|thumb|De ''al-Kas'' ablution fountain for Muslim worshippers for de southern portion of de lower platform]] De main compound enclosure sanso dey house an ablution fountain (dem know as ''al-Kas''), dem originally supply plus water via a long narrow aqueduct wey dey lead from de so-called ''Solomon's Pools'' near Bethlehem, buh dem now supply from Jerusalem ein water mains. Gardens dey take up de eastern den chaw of de northern side of de enclosure, plus an Islamic school wey dey occupy a small part of de space.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://campsci.com/museum/images/43e.jpg|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020718222845/http://campsci.com/museum/images/43e.jpg|url-status=dead|archive-date=2002-07-18|title=Photograph of the northern wall area|access-date=2018-04-05}}</ref> === Northern den western porticos === De complex be bordered for de south den east by de outer walls of de Old City of Jerusalem. For de north den west ebe bordered by two long porticos (''riwaq''), dem build during de Mamluk period.<ref>Mamluk Jerusalem: An Architectural Study, by MH Burgoyne and DS Richards, pages 104-107 (North Portico) and West Portico 192-194</ref> Na dem sanso build a number of oda structures along dese areas, mainly sanso from de Mamluk period. For de north side, dem include de Isardiyya Madrasa, dem build samtime before 1345, den de Almalikiyya Madrasa, dem date to 1340.<ref name=":212">{{Cite book|last=Murphy-O'Connor|first=Jerome|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KKIUDAAAQBAJ|title=The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide from Earliest Times to 1700|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-19-923666-4|pages=90–92|language=en}}</ref> For de west side, dem include de Ashrafiyya Madrasa, wey Sultan Qaytbay build between 1480 den 1482,<ref name=":03">{{Cite book|last1=Blair|first1=Sheila S.|title=The Art and Architecture of Islam: 1250-1800|url=https://archive.org/details/artarchitectureo0000blai|last2=Bloom|first2=Jonathan|publisher=Yale University Press|year=1995|location=New Haven; London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/artarchitectureo0000blai/page/92 92]–93}}</ref> den de adjacent Uthmaniyya Madrasa, dem date to 1437.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Burgoyne|first=Michael Hamilton|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qR_qAAAAMAAJ|title=Mamluk Jerusalem: An Architectural Study|publisher=British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem by the World of Islam Festival Trust|year=1987|isbn=978-0-905035-33-8|pages=544–547|language=en}}</ref> De Sabil of Qaytbay, contemporary plus de Ashrafiyya Madrasa, sanso dey stand nearby. === Gates === [[File:Har_HaBayit_map1_en.jpg|thumb|Map of de Haram compound plus chaw of de gates]] Der be currently eleven open gates wey dey offer access to de Muslim Haram al-Sharif. * Bab al-Asbat (Gate of de Tribes); north-east corner * Bab al-Hitta/Huttah (Gate of Remission, Pardon, anaa Absolution); northern wall * Bab al-Atim/'Atm/Attim (Gate of Darkness); northern wall * Bab al-Ghawanima (Gate of Bani Ghanim); north-west corner * Bab al-Majlis / an-Nazir/Nadhir (Council Gate / Inspector ein Gate); western wall (northern third) * Bab al-Hadid (Iron Gate); western wall (central part) * Bab al-Qattanin (Gate of de Cotton Merchants); western wall (central part) * Bab al-Matarah/Mathara (Ablution Gate); western wall (central part) * Two twin gates dey follow south of de Ablution Gate, e Tranquility Gate den de Gate of de Chain: ** Bab as-Salam / al-Sakina (Tranquility Gate / Gate of de Dwelling), de northern one of de two; western wall (central part) ** Bab as-Silsileh (Gate of de Chain), de southern one of de two; western wall (central part) * Bab al-Magharbeh/Maghariba (Moroccans' Gate/Gate of de Moors; see Maghrebis); western wall (southern third); de entrance per give non-Muslims Dem now close a twelfth gate still open during Ottoman rule to de public: * Bab as-Sarai (Gate of de Seraglio); a small gate to de former residence of de Pasha of Jerusalem; western wall, northern part (between de Bani Ghanim den Council gates). == Current situation == === Administration === De administrative body responsible for de whole Al-Aqsa Mosque compound be known as "de Jerusalem Waqf", an organ of de Jordanian government.<ref>[https://www.jpost.com/middle-east/article-706288 ''Jordan: We don't accept instructions from Israel on Temple Mount guards''], Khaled Abu Toameh for The Jerusalem Post, 10 May 2022 (accessed the same day).</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=5 September 2014|title=Arab states neglect Al-Aqsa says head of Jerusalem Waqf|work=Al-Monitor|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/09/khatib-muslim-endowments-israel-jordan-al-aqsa.html|url-status=live|access-date=5 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424012208/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/09/khatib-muslim-endowments-israel-jordan-al-aqsa.html|archive-date=24 April 2016}}</ref> == References == <references /> === Sources === * {{cite journal|last1=Allan|first1=J. 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I.|title=The Aphrodito Papyri|journal=The Journal of Hellenic Studies|date=1908|volume=28|pages=97–120|doi=10.2307/624559|jstor=624559|s2cid=164184450}} * {{cite book|last=Boas|first=Adrian|title=Jerusalem in the Time of the Crusades: Society, Landscape and Art in the holy city under Frankish rule|publisher=Routledge|year=2001|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6m0qsAMf0z4C&pg=PA91|isbn=0-415-23000-4|archive-date=19 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519163302/https://books.google.com/books?id=6m0qsAMf0z4C&pg=PA91|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Dumper|first=Michael|title=The Politics of Sacred Space: The Old City of Jerusalem in the Middle East|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|year=2002|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MfTycKFWBGEC&pg=PA44|isbn=1-58826-226-X|archive-date=19 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519163301/https://books.google.com/books?id=MfTycKFWBGEC&pg=PA44|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last1=Elad|first1=Amikam|title=Medieval Jerusalem and Islamic Worship: Holy Places, Ceremonies, Pilgrimage|date=1999|publisher=Brill|location=Leiden|isbn=90-04-10010-5|edition=2nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CDz_yctbQVgC}} * {{cite book|last=Esposito|first=John L.|title=Islam and Politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SlhxoTHLxeMC&pg=PA164|year=1998|publisher=Syracuse University Press|isbn=0-8156-2774-2|archive-date=11 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111141125/https://books.google.com/books?id=SlhxoTHLxeMC&pg=PA164|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Gonen|first=Rivka|title=Contested Holiness|publisher=KTAV Publishing House|year=2003|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pFgmOt7wRHwC&pg=PA95|isbn=0-88125-799-0|archive-date=11 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111210723/https://books.google.com/books?id=pFgmOt7wRHwC&pg=PA95|url-status=live}} * {{cite journal|last1=Grafman|first1=Rafi|last2=Rosen-Ayalon|first2=Myriam|title=The Two Great Syrian Umayyad Mosques: Jerusalem and Damascus|journal=Muqarnas|date=1999|volume=16|pages=1–15|doi=10.2307/1523262|jstor=1523262}} * {{cite book|last=Jeffers|first=H.|title=Contested Holiness: Jewish, Muslim, and Christian Perspective on the Temple|publisher=KTAV Publishing House|year=2004|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pFgmOt7wRHwC|isbn=978-0-88125-799-1|access-date=7 January 2016|archive-date=15 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715070511/https://books.google.com/books?id=pFgmOt7wRHwC|url-status=live}} * {{cite journal|last=Le Strange|first=Guy|title=Description of the Noble Sanctuary at Jerusalem in 1470 A.D., by Kamâl (or Shams) ad Dîn as Suyûtî|journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland|volume=19|issue=2|year=1887|issn=0035-869X|pages=247–305|doi=10.1017/S0035869X00019420|jstor=25208864|s2cid=163050043|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1772796}} * {{cite book|editor1-last=Le Strange|editor1-first=Guy|title=Diary of a Journey through Syria and Palestine by Nasir Khusrau in 1017 AD|date=1888|publisher=Palestine Pilgrims' Text Society|location=London|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924028534281}} * {{cite book|title=Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500|first=G.|last=Le Strange|year=1890a|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund|url=https://archive.org/details/palestineundermo00lestuoft}} * {{cite book|last1=Jarrar|first1=Sabri|title=Muqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World|chapter=Suq al-Ma'rifa: An Ayyubid Hanbalite Shrine in Haram al-Sharif|editor-first=Gülru|editor-last=Necipoğlu|edition=Illustrated, annotated|publisher=Brill|year=1998|isbn=978-90-04-11084-7|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FG6ZlkRjD2IC&pg=PA71|archive-date=11 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111130058/https://books.google.com/books?id=FG6ZlkRjD2IC&pg=PA71|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Pringle|first=D.|title=The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: Volume 3, The City of Jerusalem: A Corpus|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X0jH6VPi4-gC|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1993|isbn=978-0-521-39038-5|archive-date=22 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151022062308/https://books.google.com/books?id=X0jH6VPi4-gC|url-status=live}} * {{cite journal|last1=Pruitt|first1=Jennifer|title=The Fatimid Holy City: Rebuilding Jerusalem in the Eleventh Century|journal=The Medieval Globe|date=2017|volume=3|issue=2|pages=35–56|doi=10.17302/TMG.3-2.3|s2cid=165391034|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/758485/pdf}} * {{cite book|last=Sprinzak|first=Ehud|editor-last=Rapoport|editor-first=David|title=Inside Terrorist Organizations|chapter=From Messianic Pioneering to Vigilante Terrorism: The Case of the Gush Emunim Underground|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NdCTI5FqayAC&pg=PA149|publisher=Brill|year=1996|isbn=90-04-10633-2|archive-date=11 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111144359/https://books.google.com/books?id=NdCTI5FqayAC&pg=PA149|url-status=live}} * {{cite journal|last1=Yavuz|first1=Yildirim|title=The Restoration Project of the Masjid al-Aqsa by Mïmar Kemalettın (1922–1926)|journal=Muqarnas|date=1996|volume=13|pages=149–164|jstor=1523257}} ==Read further== *{{cite book |title=Jerusalem in History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xIRpQcoieYQC&pg=PA105 |first1=Kamil Jamil |last1='Asali |year=1990 |publisher=Interlink Books |isbn=1-56656-304-6 |archive-date=11 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111200510/https://books.google.com/books?id=xIRpQcoieYQC&pg=PA105 |url-status=live}} *{{cite book |last=Auld |first=Sylvia |chapter=The Minbar of al-Aqsa: Form and Function |editor-last=Hillenbrand |editor-first=R |title=Image and Meaning in Islamic Art |location=London |publisher=Altajir Trust |year=2005 |pages=42–60}} *{{cite journal |last=Grabar |first=Oleg |title=The Haram al-Sharif: An Essay in Interpretation |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414045823/http://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/5052/original/DPC1775.pdf?1384787486 |journal=Bulletin of the Royal Institute for Inter-Faith Studies |series=Constructing the Study of Islamic Art |volume=2 |issue=2 |year=2000 |access-date=20 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414045823/https://web.archive.org/web/20160414045823/http://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/5052/original/DPC1775.pdf?1384787486 |archive-date=14 April 2016 |url-status=dead}} *{{cite book |last=Hamilton |first=R. W. |title=The structural history of the Aqsa Mosque: a record of archaeological gleanings from the repairs of 1938–1942 |date=1949 |publisher=Oxford University Press (for the Government of Palestine by Geoffrey Cumberlege) |location=London |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023045404/http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?id=6681&folder_id=83&loc_id=15330 |oclc=913480179 |archive-date=23 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023045404/https://web.archive.org/web/20201023045404/http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?id=6681&folder_id=83&loc_id=15330 |url-status=live}} *{{cite book |title=The Crusades: The Essential Readings |first=Thomas F. |last=Madden |publisher=Blackwell Publishing |year=2002 |isbn=0-631-23023-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DVuPvRSyV98C&q=minbar+saladdin+fire&pg=PA230 |archive-date=19 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519163302/https://books.google.com/books?id=DVuPvRSyV98C&q=minbar+saladdin+fire&pg=PA230 |url-status=}} *{{cite book |last=Netzer |first=Ehud |title=The Architecture of Herod, the Great Builder |url=https://archive.org/details/architectureofhe0000netz |year=2008 |publisher=Baker Academic |isbn=978-0-8010-3612-5}} *{{cite book |last=Patel |first=Ismail |title=Virtues of Jerusalem: An Islamic Perspective |year=2006 |publisher=Al-Aqsa Publishers |isbn=0-9536530-2-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AJykv68bXxQC&pg=PA13 |archive-date=19 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519163303/https://books.google.com/books?id=AJykv68bXxQC&pg=PA13 |url-status=live}} *{{cite book |last=Raby |first=Julian |title=Essays in Honour of J. M. Rogers |publisher=Brill |year=2004 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=knVwZW_ogBQC&pg=PA298 |isbn=90-04-13964-8 |archive-date=19 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519163304/https://books.google.com/books?id=knVwZW_ogBQC&pg=PA298 |url-status=live}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q121610806|c=Category:Al-Aqsa|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Aqsa Mosque, Al-}} [[Category:Al-Aqsa| ]] [[Category:8th-century mosques]] [[Category:Arabic architecture]] [[Category:Entering heaven alive]] [[Category:Establishments insyd de Rashidun Caliphate]] [[Category:Islamic shrines]] [[Category:Palestinian nationalism]] [[Category:Umayyad architecture insyd de State of Palestine]] [[Category:Fatimid architecture]] [[Category:Islam insyd Jerusalem]] [[Category:National symbols of Palestine]] [[Category:20th-century attacks on mosques]] [[Category:21st-century attacks on mosques]] [[Category:2025 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] q9184fzr3ejki3ta1cyf5vbcg1xqugh 0 13855 112547 108678 2026-09-25T02:34:21Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112547 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Rachel Louise Carson''' (May 27, 1907&nbsp;– April 14, 1964) na she be American marine biologist, writer, den conservationist wey ein sea trilogy (1941–1955) den book ''Silent Spring'' (1962) be credited plus advancing marine conservation den de global environmental movement. Carson begin ein career as an aquatic biologist insyd de U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, wey she cam turn a full-time nature writer insyd de 1950s. Na ein widely praised 1951 bestseller ''The Sea Around Us'' win am a U.S. National Book Award,<ref>[https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1952 "National Book Awards—1952"]. National Book Foundation. Retrieved March 19, 2012. (With acceptance speech by Carson and essay by Neil Baldwin from the Awards 50th-anniversary publications.)</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Popova|first=Maria|date=2022-12-01|title=The Poetry of Science and Wonder as an Antidote to Self-Destruction: Rachel Carson's Magnificent 1952 National Book Award Acceptance Speech|url=https://www.themarginalian.org/2022/11/30/rachel-carson-national-book-award-speech/|access-date=2024-03-03|website=The Marginalian|language=en-US}}</ref> recognition as a gifted writer den financial security. Na ein success prompt de republication of ein first book, ''Under the Sea Wind'' (1941), insyd 1952, wich na be followed by ''The Edge of the Sea'' insyd 1955 — na both sanso be bestsellers. Dis sea trilogy dey explore de whole of ocean life from de shores to de depths. == Early life den education == [[File:RachelCarsonHomestead.jpg|thumb|Carson ein kiddie time home, de Rachel Carson Homestead, insyd Springdale, Pennsylvania, insyd November 2009]] Na dem born Carson for May 27, 1907, on a family farm near Springdale, Pennsylvania, wey dey locate by de Allegheny River near Pittsburgh. Na she be de daughter of Maria Frazier (McLean) den Robert Warden Carson, an insurance salesman.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.une.edu/mwwc/research/featured-writers/rachel-l.-carson-collection-1946-1964|title=Maine Women Writers Collection—Research—Featured Writers—Rachel L. Carson Collection, 1946–1964|publisher=University of New England|access-date=2014-08-04}}</ref> == Death == Na she be weaken from breast cancer den ein treatment regimen, Carson cam turn ill plus a respiratory virus insyd January 1964. Na ein condition worsen, den insyd February, na doctors find dat na she get severe anemia from ein radiation treatments. Insyd March, na dem discover dat de cancer reach ein liver. She die of a heart attack for April 14, 1964, insyd ein home insyd Silver Spring, Maryland.<ref name="lkwdpl">{{cite web|title=Rachel Carson biography|url=http://www.lkwdpl.org/wihohio/cars-rac.htm|publisher=Women In History|access-date=13 August 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120808015112/http://www.lkwdpl.org/wihohio/cars-rac.htm|archive-date=8 August 2012}}</ref><ref name="britannica">{{cite book|title=Carson, Rachel|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|year=2010|edition=2010|language=en|quote=in full Rachel Louise Carson born May 27, 1907, Springdale, Pennsylvania, U.S. died April 14, 1964, Silver Spring, Maryland.}}</ref> Na dem cremate ein body, wey na dem bury sam of ein ashes besyd ein mommie for Parklawn Memorial Gardens insyd Rockville, Maryland.<ref>Wilson, Scott. ''Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons'', 3d ed.: 2 (Kindle Locations 7513–7514). McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers. Kindle Edition.</ref> Na dem scatter along de coast of Squirrel Island near Sheepscot River insyd Maine. == List of works == * ''Under the Sea Wind'', 1941, Simon & Schuster, Penguin Group, 1996, {{ISBN|0-14-025380-7}} * {{cite journal|title=Food From the Sea: Fish and Shellfish of New England|journal=Us Fish & Wildlife Publications|year=1943|format=PDF|publisher=United States Government Printing Office|url=https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1263&context=usfwspubs}} * {{cite journal|title=Food From Home Waters: Fishes of the Middle West|journal=Us Fish & Wildlife Publications|year=1943|format=PDF|publisher=United States Government Printing Office|url=http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usfwspubs/6/|last1=Carson|first1=Rachel}} * {{cite journal|title=Fish and Shellfish of the South Atlantic and Gulf Coasts|journal=Us Fish & Wildlife Publications|year=1944|format=PDF|publisher=United States Government Printing Office|url=https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1018&context=usfwspubs}} * {{cite journal|title=Fish and Shellfish of the Middle Atlantic Coast|journal=Us Fish & Wildlife Publications|year=1945|format=PDF|publisher=United States Government Printing Office|url=http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usfwspubs/3/|last1=Carson|first1=Rachel}} * {{cite journal|title=Chincoteague: A National Wildlife Refuge|journal=Us Fish & Wildlife Publications|year=1947|format=PDF|publisher=United States Government Printing Office|url=http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usfwspubs/1/|last1=Carson|first1=Rachel}} * {{cite journal|title=Mattamuskeet: A National Wildlife Refuge|journal=Us Fish & Wildlife Publications|year=1947|format=PDF|publisher=United States Government Printing Office|url=http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usfwspubs/5/|last1=Carson|first1=Rachel}} * {{cite journal|title=Parker River: A National Wildlife Refuge|journal=Us Fish & Wildlife Publications|year=1947|format=PDF|publisher=United States Government Printing Office|url=http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usfwspubs/4/|last1=Carson|first1=Rachel}} * {{cite journal|title=Bear River: A National Wildlife Refuge|journal=Us Fish & Wildlife Publications|year=1950|format=PDF|publisher=United States Government Printing Office|url=http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usfwspubs/2/|last1=Wilson|first1=Vanez|last2=Carson|first2=Rachel}} (with Vanez T. Wilson) * ''The Sea Around Us'', Oxford University Press, 1951; Oxford University Press, 1991, {{ISBN|0-19-506997-8}} * ''The Edge of the Sea'', Houghton Mifflin 1955; Mariner Books, 1998, {{ISBN|0-395-92496-0}} * ''Silent Spring'', Houghton Mifflin, 1962; Mariner Books, 2002, {{ISBN|0-618-24906-0}} ** ''Silent Spring'' initially appeared serialized in three parts in the June 16, June 23, and June 30, 1962, issues of ''The New Yorker'' magazine * ''The Sense of Wonder'', 1965, HarperCollins, 1998: {{ISBN|0-06-757520-X}} published posthumously * ''Always, Rachel: The Letters of Rachel Carson and Dorothy Freeman 1952–1964 An Intimate Portrait of a Remarkable Friendship'', Beacon Press, 1995, {{ISBN|0-8070-7010-6}} edited by Martha Freeman (granddaughter of Dorothy Freeman) * ''Lost Woods: The Discovered Writing of Rachel Carson'', Beacon Press, 1998, {{ISBN|0-8070-8547-2}} * ''Bedrock: Writers on the Wonders of Geology'', edited by Lauret E. Savoy, Eldridge M. Moores, and Judith E. Moores, Trinity University Press, 2006, {{ISBN|1-59534-022-X}} == References == <references /> === Works dem cite === * {{cite book|last=Carson|first=Rachel|title=Silent Spring|publisher=Houghton Mifflin|year=1962|url=https://archive.org/details/silentspring0000cars|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Hynes|first=H. Patricia|title=The Recurring Silent Spring|publisher=Pergamon Press|location=New York|year=1989|isbn=0-08-037117-5|series=Athene series|url=https://archive.org/details/recurringsilents00hyne|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Lear|first=Linda|title=Rachel Carson: Witness for Nature|publisher=Henry Holt|location=New York|year=1997|isbn=0-8050-3428-5|url=https://archive.org/details/rachelcarsonwitn00lear|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Lytle|first=Mark Hamilton|title=The Gentle Subversive: Rachel Carson, Silent Spring, and the Rise of the Environmental Movement|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York|year=2007|isbn=978-0-19-517246-1|url=https://archive.org/details/gentlesubversive00lytl|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Murphy|first=Priscilla Coit|title=What a Book Can Do: The Publication and Reception of Silent Spring|publisher=University of Massachusetts Press|location=Amherst|year=2005|isbn=978-1-55849-582-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MFWFjvY90PgC}} ==Read further== * Brinkley, Douglas. ''Silent Spring Revolution: John F. Kennedy, Rachel Carson, Lyndon Johnson, Richard Nixon, and the Great Environmental Awakening'' (2022) [https://www.amazon.com/Silent-Spring-Revolution-Environmental-Awakening/dp/0063212919/ excerpt] * {{cite book|author=Brooks, Paul|title=The House of Life: Rachel Carson at Work|publisher=Houghton Mifflin|year=1972|isbn=0-395-13517-6|url=https://archive.org/details/houseofliferache00paul|url-access=registration}} This book is a personal memoir by Carson's Houghton Mifflin editor and close friend Paul Brooks. [https://web.archive.org/web/20140714162055/http://www.walden.org/Library/Special_Collections/Brooks Brooks' papers] are housed at the Thoreau Institute at Walden Woods Library. * {{cite book|author=Gottlieb, Robert|title=Forcing the Spring: The Transformation of the American Environmental Movement|publisher=Island Press|location=Washington D.C.|isbn=978-1-55963-832-6|year=2005}} * {{cite book|author=Jezer, Marty|author-link=|title=Rachel Carson: Biologist and Author|publisher=Chelsea House Publications|year=1988|isbn=1-55546-646-X|url=https://archive.org/details/rachelcarson00jeze|url-access=registration|series=American women of achievement}} * {{cite book|last=Kline|first=Benjamin|title=First Along the River. Maryland|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|year=2011}} * Lepore, Jill, "The Shore Bird: Rachel Carson and the rising of the seas", ''The New Yorker'', 26 March 2018, pp.&nbsp;64–66, 68–72. * {{cite book|last=Lutts|first=R|title=Chemical fallout: Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, Radioactive Fallout, and the Environmental Movement.|publisher=Environmental Review|year=1985}} * {{cite book|editor=Matthiessen, Peter|title=Courage for the Earth: Writers, Scientists, and Activists Celebrate the Life and Writing of Rachel Carson|publisher=Mariner Books|year=2007|isbn=978-0-618-87276-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VNXapJVwbC0C|editor-link=}} * {{cite book|author1=Moore, Kathleen Dean|author2=Sideris, Lisa H.|title=Rachel Carson: Legacy and Challenge|publisher=SUNY Press|location=Albany, New York|year=2008|isbn=978-0-7914-7471-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=awR4kJrhQK0C}} * {{cite book|author=Quaratiello, Arlene|title=Rachel Carson: A Biography|url=https://archive.org/details/rachelcarsonbiog0000quar|publisher=Prometheus|location=Amherst, New York|year=2010|isbn=978-1-61614-187-5}} * {{cite journal|author=Sideris, Lisa H.|title=Fact and Fiction, Fear and Wonder: The Legacy of Rachel Carson|journal=Soundings|volume=91|issue=3–4|pages=335–69|date=Fall–Winter 2009|jstor=41179228}} * {{cite book|last=Souder|first=William|year=2012|title=On a Farther Shore: The Life and Legacy of Rachel Carson|url=https://archive.org/details/onfarthershoreli0000soud|url-access=registration|location=New York,&nbsp;NY|publisher=Crown Publishers|isbn=978-0-307-46220-6}} * {{cite book|language=fr|last=Collombat|first=Isabelle|year=2021|title=Rachel Carson : "Non à la destruction de la nature"|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129201738/https://www.actes-sud-junior.fr/9782330150532-l-isabelle-collombat-frana-ois-roca-rachel-carson-non-a-la-destruction-de-la-nature.htm|url-access=|location=|publisher=Actes Sud junior|isbn=978-2-330-15053-2|access-date=2021-07-25|archive-date=2023-01-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129201738/https://web.archive.org/web/20230129201738/https://www.actes-sud-junior.fr/9782330150532-l-isabelle-collombat-frana-ois-roca-rachel-carson-non-a-la-destruction-de-la-nature.htm|url-status=dead}} * {{cite book|language=fr|last=Collombat|first=Isabelle|year=2023|title=Rachel Carson - Le monde doit savoir|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240302070535/https://www.prod.albin-michel-site.infrawan.net/rachel-carson-9782226471611|url-access=|publisher=Albin Michel Jeunesse|isbn=9782226471611|access-date=2023-05-24|pages=432}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q100948|c=Category:Rachel Carson|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * ''American Experience'' [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/rachel-carson/ documentary about Rachel Carson] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20211206005739/http://www.pbs.org/asenseofwonder/ A Sense of Wonder] : 2010 PBS Documentary / Interviews with Rachel Carson * [http://hdl.handle.net/10079/fa/beinecke.carson Rachel Carson Papers]. Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20040803170226/http://www.mindfully.org/Pesticide/Rachel-Carson-Silent-Spring.htm ''New York Times'' obituary] * [http://www.rachelcarson.org/ RachelCarson.org]—Web site by Carson biographer Linda J. Lear * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071016213112/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,990622,00.html ''Time'', Mar. 29, 1999, Environmentalist RACHEL CARSON] * Koehn, Nancy, [https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/28/business/rachel-carsons-lessons-50-years-after-silent-spring.html?pagewanted=all "From Calm Leadership, Lasting Change"], ''The New York Times,'' October 27, 2012. * [https://www.pbs.org/moyers/journal/09212007/profile.html Revisiting Rachel Carson]—''Bill Moyer's Journal'', PBS.org, September 21, 2007 * [https://www.pbs.org/moyers/journal/09212007/profile3.html ''A Sense of Wonder'']—a two-act play about Carson, written and performed by Kaiulani Lee, based on posthumous work of the same name * [https://books.google.com/books?id=diEDAAAAMBAJ&dq=popular+science+1951+why+our+winters&pg=RA1-PA14 "Why Our Winters Are Getting Warmer," November 1951, ''Popular Science'']—early article by Rachel Carson about how the ocean's currents affect climate (excerpt from her 1951 book, ''The Sea Around Us''). * [http://moviemorlocks.com/2011/02/20/rachel-l-carson-as-interpreted-by-irwin-allen/ (Rachel L. Carson as Interpreted by Irwin Allen—TCM Movie Morlocks on ''The Sea Around Us'')] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130616234117/http://knowledgenetwork.alumni.msu.edu/msu-museum/silentspring.html ''Silent Spring'', A Visual History] curated by the Michigan State University Museum * Michals, Debra. [https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/rachel-carson "Rachel Carson"]. National Women's History Museum. 2015. * "For the Birds," episode 6 of ''[https://www.thelastarchive.com/ The Last Archive]'' podcast by Jill Lepore, released July 9, 2020. *[https://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip_15-4947dkg7 "Roundtable Discussion of Silent Spring by Rachel Carson,"] 1962-00-00, WGBH, American Archive of Public Broadcasting (GBH and the Library of Congress), Boston, MA and Washington, DC, accessed June 7, 2021. '''Carson-related organizations''' * [http://www.rachelcarsonhomestead.org/ The Rachel Carson Homestead] * [http://www.silentspring.org/ Silent Spring Institute] * [http://www.rachelcarsontrails.org/ Rachel Carson Trails Conservancy] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090621045005/http://www.chatham.edu/RCI/ Rachel Carson Institute] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090621045005/http://www.chatham.edu/RCI/ Archived] 2009-06-21 at the Wayback Machine {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Carson, Rachel}} [[Category:Rachel Carson| ]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:American ecologists]] [[Category:American marine biologists]] [[Category:American conservation biologists]] [[Category:1907 births]] [[Category:1964 deaths]] [[Category:American civil servants]] [[Category:American women civil servants]] [[Category:American non-fiction environmental writers]] [[Category:Systems ecologists]] [[Category:American women ecologists]] [[Category:American women marine biologists]] [[Category:American women science writers]] [[Category:American women zoologists]] [[Category:John Burroughs Medal recipients]] [[Category:National Book Award winners]] [[Category:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients]] [[Category:Recipients of de Cullum Geographical Medal]] [[Category:Chatham University alumni]] [[Category:Johns Hopkins University alumni]] [[Category:University of Maryland, College Park faculty]] [[Category:American Presbyterians]] [[Category:People wey komot Southport, Maine]] [[Category:People wey komot Springdale, Pennsylvania]] [[Category:20th-century American biologists]] [[Category:20th-century American non-fiction writers]] [[Category:20th-century American zoologists]] [[Category:20th-century American women scientists]] [[Category:20th-century American women writers]] [[Category:American nature writers]] [[Category:American women non-fiction writers]] [[Category:Members of de Society of Woman Geographers]] [[Category:20th-century American naturalists]] [[Category:Writers wey komot Maryland]] [[Category:Members of de American Academy of Arts and Letters]] [[Category:Conservationists]] 2mavg2s33oy0hic7da5mk017wnaasi6 0 14158 112475 54349 2026-09-25T00:45:20Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112475 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Djamaa el Kebir''' (Arabic: الجامع الكبير, <small>romanized:</small> ''djama' el-kebir''), dem sanso know am as de '''Great Mosque of Algiers''' (French: ''Grande mosquée d'Alger''), be a historic mosque insyd Algiers, [[Algeria]]. E dey locate within de Casbah (old city), near de city ein harbor.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Waldie's Select Circulating Library|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vbM-AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA337|publisher=A. Waldie|date=1835|language=en}}</ref> E dey date to 1097, e be one of de few remaining examples of Almoravid architecture, although na e undergo oda additions den reconstructions since ein foundation. E be de oldest mosque insyd Algiers wey na dem say e be one of de oldest mosques insyd Algeria after Sidi Okba Mosque den Sidi Ghanem Mosque.<ref>{{cite book|title=The illustrated guide to Algiers: a "practical" handbook for travellers|author=Hyam, Joseph C.|edition=2|publisher=The Anglo-French Press Association|year=1900}}</ref> == History == [[File:النقيشة_2.jpg|left|thumb|Marble inscription plaque wey dey record de construction of de minaret insyd 1332]] An inscription for de mosque ein minbar (pulpit) dey record de date of 1 Rajab, 490 AH, wey dey testify to de fact say na dem build de mosque insyd anaa around 1097 CE, during de reign of Yusuf ibn Tashfin.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book|last=Marçais|first=Georges|title=L'architecture musulmane d'Occident|publisher=Arts et métiers graphiques|year=1954|location=Paris|pages=}}</ref><ref name=":14">{{Cite book|last=Salmon|first=Xavier|title=Maroc Almoravide et Almohade: Architecture et décors au temps des conquérants, 1055-1269|publisher=LienArt|year=2018|location=Paris|pages=}}</ref> De inscription for de base of de minaret dey indicate say na dem build insyd 1322 CE (17 Dhu al-Qadah, 722 AH) by de Zayyanid sultan Abu Tashfin I of Tlemcen.<ref name=":0"/> Na dem severely damage de mosque during de French bombardment of Algiers insyd 1682 den again insyd 1683, wey dey result in de subsequent reconstruction of ein ''mihrab'' den ein ''qibla'' (southern) wall.<ref name="Jafer"/><ref name=":0"/> [[File:Great_mosque_in_the_marine_street,_Algiers,_Algeria-LCCN2001697814.jpg|thumb|Great Mosque of Algiers insyd 1899]] Na dem build de gallery for de outsyd of de mosque insyd 1837 during French colonial rule.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Bloom|first=Jonathan M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IRHbDwAAQBAJ&q=Architecture+of+the+Islamic+West%3A+North+Africa+and+the+Iberian+Peninsula%2C+700-1800&pg=PP1|title=Architecture of the Islamic West: North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700-1800|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2020|isbn=9780300218701|pages=|access-date=2021-05-03|archive-date=2024-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114130754/https://books.google.com/books?id=IRHbDwAAQBAJ&q=Architecture+of+the+Islamic+West%3A+North+Africa+and+the+Iberian+Peninsula%2C+700-1800&pg=PP1#v=snippet&q=Architecture%20of%20the%20Islamic%20West%3A%20North%20Africa%20and%20the%20Iberian%20Peninsula%2C%20700-1800&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> Na de construction be a consequence of a complete reconstruction of de street by de French.<ref name=":1"/><ref name="Jafer"/> == Geography == De Great Mosque dey locate insyd de northeastern part of de city insyd de historic Casbah (anaa Kasbah) district near de harbor, next to de Chamber of Commerce. Earlier, na de mosque dey locate for de Rue de la Marine insyd Algiers during French colonial rule of Algeria, wich na then ebe de entrance street to Algiers Harbor.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KhAaAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA193|title=Temple bar, Volume 16|publisher=Ward and Lock|year=1866|page=193}}</ref> Rue de la Marine no longer dey exist wey e be surpassed by de Rue d' Angkor den Boulevard de Ernesto Guevara den insyd de mosque area by a fork road dem call Rue Saadi et Mokhtar Ben Hafidh wich e now dey lie on. == Architectural features == De mosque get a rectangular floor plan 46 meters wide den 38 meters deep.<ref name=":1"/> Na materials dem used in constructing de mosque be stone, brick, roofing tiles den wood, den ornamentation of ceramics wey na dem apply wood.<ref name=":2"/> === Interior === Dem subdivide de prayer hall into eleven aisles wey dey run perpendicular to de southern qibla wall, dem divide by rows of horseshoe arches wey be supported by whitewashed masonry pillars. De central aisle be wider dan de odas, wey dey hint for de T-plan layout wich go cam turn standard insyd subsequent mosque architecture insyd Maghreb. A rectangular courtyard wey dey measure about 11 by 21 meters dey locate insyd de northern part of de mosque, be surrounded by arcades.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Jami' al-Kabir (Algiers)|url=https://archnet.org/sites/5385|access-date=2021-03-02|website=Archnet|archive-date=2021-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418062720/http://www.archnet.org/sites/5385|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Jafer">{{Cite web|url=http://www.discoverislamicart.org/database_item.php?id=monument;ISL;dz;Mon01;2;en|title=The Great Mosque (djamaa el-kebir)|author=Ali Lafer|access-date=2010-11-11|publisher=Museum with no frontiers|archive-date=2016-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160717094616/http://www.discoverislamicart.org/database_item.php?id=monument;isl;dz;mon01;2;en|url-status=live}}</ref> De ''mihrab'', wich na dem originally build as an integral part of de mosque insyd 1097, na ebe destroyed by de 17th-century French bombardment.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.algeria.com/religious-sites/great-mosque-algiers/|title=Great Mosque of Algiers – An Excellent Example of Almoravid Architecture|publisher=Algeria.com|access-date=November 11, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016014615/http://www.algeria.com/religious-sites/great-mosque-algiers/|archive-date=October 16, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Jafer"/> De reconstructed ''mihrab'' be a typical design dem follow insyd 18th-century Algiers insyd de form of indented lobed arches for de end of de central den a much wider nave. Ebe a simple fresco façade plus two small spiral columns wey dey flank am for either side plus an ogive stucco arch dem see in relief. Dem set de ''mihrab'' insyd a niche plus a flat floor. Dey adjoin de ''mihrab'' for either side, der be two door openings wich dey lead to small oblong rooms, one of wich house de ''minbar'' wich used to be shifted for rails to de prayer hall give de Imam make he say de daily prayers den give sermons. While na de rails wey dem use take shift de ''minbar'' be still embedded insyd de floor, dem now preserve de ''minbar'' einself insyd de National Museum of Antiquities and Islamic Arts insyd Algiers.<ref name=":2"/> <gallery widths="150" heights="150"> File:Great Mosque of Algiers (Djamaa el Kebir).jpg|Interior of de mosque ein prayer hall File:Djamâa El Kebir.jpg|View of de aisle wey dey lead towards de mihrab File:محراب الجامع.jpg|De mihrab of de mosque today </gallery> === Exterior === [[File:Alger-Grande-Mosquée.jpg|right|thumb|Great Mosque of Algiers insyd modern times]] Dey follow de realignment of de main street of Rue de la Marine, substantial changes insyd de façade cam turn an essential additional feature.<ref name="Jafer"/> As a result, na dem add a gallery anaa portico of columns for de entrance to de mosque wey na dem build am insyd 1837 under French colonial rule insyd an orientalizing style of polylobed arches. E dey reuse Italian marble columns from de 18th-century al-Sa'ida Mosque.<ref name=":0"/> According to French scholar Georges Marçais, de minaret, wich na dem first add insyd de early 14th century, na dem san rebuild anaa remodel am insyd a later period.<ref name=":02"/> Dis minaret ein surface be indented plus rectangular niches dem decorate by polylobed blind arches, as well as plus panels den bands of blue den white ceramic tiles. Insyd anoda part of de mosque, insyd de north-east corner, be de ''Bab al-Jenina'' wich, along plus de minaret, be meant for de exclusive use of de imam of de mosque. E get chaw rooms for routine use.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Qantara - Great Mosque of Algiers|url=https://www.qantara-med.org/public/show_document.php?do_id=476&lang=en|access-date=2021-03-02|website=www.qantara-med.org|archive-date=2022-04-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425103733/https://www.qantara-med.org/public/show_document.php?do_id=476&lang=en|url-status=live}}</ref> == De minbar == Dem now preserve de original ''minbar'' of de mosque now insyd de National Museum of Antiquities and Islamic Arts. Ebe one of de finest sculpted ''minbars'' of ein type insyd Algeria.<ref name=":2"/> E dey bear an inscription insyd Kufic script wey dey say: بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم أتم هذا المنبر في أول شهر رجب من سنة تسعين وأربعمائة. الذي عمل محمد ('Insyd de name of [[Allah]], de Compassionate, de Merciful. Dem plete dis pulpit for de first of de month of Rajab of de year 490 [AH]. Work of Muhammad.'). Dem sculpt de ''minbar'' insyd wood dem fix on wheels for free movement of de Almoravid period. Dem pattern am insyd de simple shape of de paneled ''minbar'' of de Great Mosque of Qairawan.<ref name="Kuban">{{Cite book|last=Kuban|first=Doğan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-TKu6nsFvaYC&pg=PA27|title=Muslim Religious Architecture: The Mosque and its Early Development, Volume 1|publisher=BRILL|year=1974|isbn=90-04-03813-2|page=27|access-date=2010-11-11}}</ref> == Notable Imams == * Mohamed Charef (1908-2011) == References == <references /> ==Read further== * [http://www.alger-roi.fr/Alger/mosquee_sidi/textes/mosquees_feuillets.htm ''Alger, quelques-unes de ses mosquées''], le Comité du Vieil Alger, Feuillets d'El-Djezaïr, Fondateur Henri Klein (1910), Éditions du Tell, 2003 * Bourouiba, R., Les inscriptions commémoratives des mosquées d’Algérie, Algiers, OPU, 1984, p.&nbsp;81–86 * Bourouiba, R., L’art religieux musulman en Algérie, Algiers, S.N.E.D., 1983 * Bourouiba, R., Apports de l’Algérie à l’architecture religieuse arabo-islamique, Algiers, OPNA, 1956 * Devoulx, A., Les édifices religieux de l'ancien Alger, Algiers, Bastide, 1870 * Marçais, G., L’architecture musulmane d’occident, Tunisie, Algérie, Espagne et Sicile, Paris, Arts et Métiers Graphiques, 1954 == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://www.discoverislamicart.org/database_item.php?id=monument;ISL;dz;Mon01;2;en Museum with no frontiers, Ali Lafer, ''The Great Mosque (djamaa el-kebir)''] * {{cite web |url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130927125712/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/8764/ |title = Fountain in Mosque of El Kebir, Algiers, Algeria (photo) |via = World Digital Library |year = 1899 }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Mosques insyd Algiers]] [[Category:11th-century mosques]] [[Category:Almoravid architecture]] [[Category:1097 establishments]] [[Category:2025 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] j4okt2q6hvj9tro9is1ywylbogy3c9v 0 14233 112488 108653 2026-09-25T01:07:44Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112488 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Haji_pilgrimage_mina_tent_city.jpg|thumb|Air-conditioned tents give Hajj pilgrims insyd Mina, Saudi Arabia, {{convert|2|km}} away from Mecca]] '''Hajj''' (/hɑːdʒ/;<ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/hajj "Hajj"] [https://web.archive.org/web/20141230150928/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/hajj Archived] 30 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine. ''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary''.</ref> Arabic: حَجّ, <small>romanized:</small> ''Ḥajj''; dem sanso spell am '''Hadj''', '''Haj''' anaa '''Haji''') be an annual Islamic pilgrimage to [[Mecca]], Saudi Arabia,<ref name="Modarresi">{{cite book|author=Mohammad Taqi al-Modarresi|author-link=|title=The Laws of Islam|date=26 March 2016|publisher=Enlight Press|location=San Bernardino|isbn=978-0-9942409-8-9|url=http://almodarresi.com/en/books/pdf/TheLawsofIslam.pdf|access-date=22 December 2017|ref=Modarresi|language=en|page=471|archive-date=2 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802163247/http://almodarresi.com/en/books/pdf/TheLawsofIslam.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> de holiest city give Muslims. Hajj be a mandatory religious duty give capable Muslims wey for carry out at least once insyd dema lifetime by all adult Muslims wey be physically den financially capable of undertaking de journey, den of supporting dema family during dema absence from home.<ref name="Marshall86">{{cite book|last=Long|first=Matthew|title=Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H_m14NlQQMYC&pg=PA86|access-date=2 September 2014|year=2011|location=Tarrytown, N.Y.|publisher=Marshall Cavendish Corporation|isbn=978-0-7614-7926-0|page=86|archive-date=16 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016024055/https://books.google.com/books?id=H_m14NlQQMYC&pg=PA86|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Nigosian|first=S. A.|title=Islam: Its History, Teaching, and Practices|url=https://archive.org/details/islamitshistoryt0000nigo|url-access=registration|year=2004|publisher=Indiana University Press|location=Bloomington, Indiana|isbn=0-253-21627-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/islamitshistoryt0000nigo/page/110 110]}}</ref><ref>[http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/resources/traditions/islam Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs - Islam] [https://web.archive.org/web/20111002114437/http://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/resources/traditions/islam Archived] 2 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine See drop-down essay on "Islamic Practices"</ref> Insyd Islamic terminology, Hajj be a pilgrimage dem make to de [[Kaaba]], de "House of Allah", insyd de sacred city of Mecca insyd Saudi Arabia. Ebe one of de [[Five Pillars of Islam]], alongside ''[[Shahada]]'' (oath dat one dey believe der be no god buh Allah (God)),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://quran.com/6/19|title=Surah Al-An'am - 19}}</ref> ''[[Salah|salat]]'' (prayer), {{lang|ar-latn|[[zakat]]}} (almsgiving), den [[Fasting in Islam|''sawm'']] (fasting during [[Ramadan]]). De Hajj be an annual practice wen Muslim brotherhood dey for display den dema solidarity plus fellow Muslim people den submission to God ([[Allah]]) be fulfilled.<ref name="Nigosian111">{{cite book|last=Nigosian|first=S. A.|title=Islam: Its History, Teaching, and Practices|url=https://archive.org/details/islamitshistoryt0000nigo|url-access=registration|year=2004|publisher=Indiana University Press|location=Indiana|isbn=0-253-21627-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/islamitshistoryt0000nigo/page/111 111]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Hooker|first=M. B.|title=Indonesian Syariah: Defining a National School of Islamic Law|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-a1k57q6GmwC&pg=PT252|access-date=6 October 2014|year=2008|publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies|isbn=978-981-230-802-3|page=228|archive-date=17 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017181447/https://books.google.com/books?id=-a1k57q6GmwC&pg=PT252|url-status=live}}</ref> De Hajj be taken by Muslims make dem cleanse dema souls of all worldly sins, wich dey connote both de outward act of a journey after death den de inward act of good intentions.<ref name="Adelowo395">{{cite book|editor1-first=E. Dada|editor1-last=Adelowo|title=Perspectives in Religious Studies: Volume III|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ma-QBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA395|year=2014|publisher=HEBN Publishers Plc|location=Ibadan|isbn=978-978-081-447-2|page=395|access-date=12 August 2015|archive-date=28 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151128170823/https://books.google.com/books?id=ma-QBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA395|url-status=live}}</ref> Dem dey perform de rites of pilgrimage over five to six days, wey dey extend from de 8th to de 12th anaa 13th of Dhu al-Hijjah, de last month of de Islamic calendar.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hajj The Holy Pilgrimage|url=https://salamislam.com/articles/practical-principles/hajj-holy-pilgrimage|website=Salamislam|date=3 January 2021|access-date=31 May 2022|archive-date=31 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220531214408/https://salamislam.com/articles/practical-principles/hajj-holy-pilgrimage|url-status=live}}</ref> Secof de Islamic calendar be lunar wey de Islamic year be about eleven-twelve days shorter dan de Gregorian year, de Gregorian date of Hajj dey change from year to year. Insyd 2024 AD (1445 AH), na Dhu al-Hijjah extend from 7 June to 6 July. Insyd 2025 AD (1446 AH), Dhu al-Hijjah go extend from 28 May to 25 June; den insyd 2026 AD (1447 AH), Dhu al-Hijjah go extend from 18 May to 15 June. De Hajj be associated plus de life of de Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]] from de 7th century AD, buh de ritual of pilgrimage to Mecca dem state insyd Muslim sources dey stretch back to de time of Abraham. [[Category:2025 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] == Etymology == De word insyd Arabic: حج ḥajj be similar to de Hebrew: חג ḥag , wich dey mean "festival", from de triliteral Semitic root [http://biblehub.com/hebrew/2282.htm ح-ج-ج]. Na dem use de term make dem refer to de three pilgrimage festivals Israelites go make to de Temple insyd Jerusalem each year.<ref>{{cite book|author=Moše Flôrenṭîn|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1dNk_b1uDzUC&q=%D7%97-%D7%92-%D7%92+hebrew+pilgrimage&pg=PA138|title=Late Samaritan Hebrew: A Linguistic Analysis of Its Different Types|publisher=BRILL|year=2005|page=138|isbn=978-90-04-13841-4|access-date=19 October 2020|archive-date=2 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102175944/https://books.google.com/books?id=1dNk_b1uDzUC&q=%D7%97-%D7%92-%D7%92+hebrew+pilgrimage&pg=PA138|url-status=live}}</ref> Similarly, de Arabic: حج ḥajj insyd Islam dey refer to act of traveling to Mecca make dem perform de various rituals dem associate plus de pilgrimage. == History == [[File:Hajj_certificate,_dated_602_AH_or_1205_CE,_Ayyubid_period,_Turkish_and_Islamic_Arts_Museum.jpg|thumb|A Hajj certificate wey date 602 AH (1205 CE).]] [[File:Masjid_al-Haram_1.jpg|right|thumb|A 1907 photograph of people wey dey pray near de Kaaba insyd de [[Masjid al-Haram|Great Mosque of Mecca]]]] [[File:Hajj.ogg|right|thumb|De [[Kaaba]] during Hajj]] Na de present pattern of Hajj be established by [[Muhammad]].<ref name="EB">{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/252050/hajj|title=Hajj|year=2014|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=12 August 2014|archive-date=24 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924041951/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/252050/hajj|url-status=live}}</ref> However, according to de [[Quran]], elements of Hajj dey trace back to de time of Abraham. According to Islamic tradition, na God order Abraham make he to lef ein wifey Hajar den ein son Ishmael alone insyd de desert of ancient Mecca. In search of water, na Hajar desperately run seven times between de two hills of Safa den Marwah buh she find none. Dey return in despair to Ishmael, na she see de baby dey scratch de ground plus ein leg den a water fountain spring forth underneath ein foot.<ref>{{cite book|last=Haykal|first=Muhammad Husayn|author-link=|title=The Life of Muhammad|publisher=The Other Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fOyO-TSo5nEC&pg=29|year=1994|page=29|isbn=978-983-9154-17-7|access-date=12 August 2015|archive-date=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151127211636/https://books.google.com/books?id=fOyO-TSo5nEC&pg=29|url-status=live}}</ref> Later, na dem command Abraham make he build de [[Kaaba]] (wich he do plus de help of Ishmael) den to invite people make dem perform pilgrimage der.<ref name="Peters4-7">{{cite book|last=Peters|first=F. E.|title=The Hajj: The Muslim Pilgrimage to Mecca and the Holy Places|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EK5MqskDYC0C&pg=PA4|year=1994|publisher=Princeton University Press|location=New Jersey|isbn=0-691-02120-1|pages=4–7|access-date=12 August 2015|archive-date=23 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123000954/https://books.google.com/books?id=EK5MqskDYC0C&pg=PA4|url-status=live}}</ref> De [[Quran]] dey refer to dese incidents insyd verses 2:124–127 den 22:27–30.<ref>The verses read: "And remember that Abraham was tried by his Lord with certain commands, which he fulfilled.... Remember We made the House a place of assembly for men and a place of safety, and take ye the station of Abraham as a place of prayer; and We covenanted with Abraham and Ishmael, that they should sanctify My House for those who compass it round or use it as a retreat, or bow, or prostrate themselves (therein in prayer).... And remember Abraham and Ishmael raised the foundations of the House (2:124–127)" and "And proclaim the Pilgrimage among men: they will come to thee on foot and (mounted) on every kind of camel, through deep and distant mountain highways, that they may witness the benefits (provided) for them, and celebrate the name of Allah, through the Days appointed, over the cattle which He has provided for them (for sacrifice): then eat ye thereof and feed the distressed one, the needy. Then let them complete the rites prescribed for them, perform their vows, and (again) circumambulate the Ancient House." (22:27–29)</ref> According to de tafsir of Zamakhshari (d. 1144 C.E.), na de archangel Gabriel bring de Black Stone from Heaven wey dem for attach am to de Kaaba wen na Prophet Abraham build am.<ref>F.E. Peters (1994), <u>The Hajj: The Muslim Pilgrimage To Mecca and The Holy Places</u>, Princeton University Press, p.6</ref> Insyd pre-Islamic Arabia, a time dem know am as Age of Ignorance (''Jahiliyya''), de Kaaba cam be surrounded by pagan idols.<ref>{{cite book|last=Al Mubarakpuri|first=Safi ur Rahman|chapter=Religions of the Arabs|title=The Sealed Nectar: Biography of the Noble Prophet|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r_80rJHIaOMC&pg=PA45|year=2002|publisher=Darussalam|isbn=9960-899-55-1|page=45|title-link=|access-date=12 August 2015|archive-date=2 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151102024455/https://books.google.com/books?id=r_80rJHIaOMC&pg=PA45|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd AD 630, Muhammad lead ein followers from Medina to Mecca, he cleanse de Kaaba by destroying all de pagan idols, wey he then consecrate de building to God.<ref name="Haykal439">{{cite book|last=Husayn Haykal|first=Muhammad|author-link=|title=The Life of Muhammad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fOyO-TSo5nEC&pg=PA439|year=2008|publisher=Islamic Book Trust|location=Selangor|isbn=978-983-9154-17-7|pages=439–40|access-date=12 August 2015|archive-date=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151127211639/https://books.google.com/books?id=fOyO-TSo5nEC&pg=PA439|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd AD 632, Muhammad perform ein only den last pilgrimage plus a large number of followers, wey he instruct dem on de rites of Hajj.<ref name="Campo494">{{cite encyclopedia|year=2009|title=Muhammad|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Islam|publisher=Facts On File|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OZbyz_Hr-eIC&pg=PA494|editor=Campo|editor-first=Juan E.|page=494|isbn=978-0-8160-5454-1|access-date=19 October 2020|archive-date=30 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150930121515/https://books.google.com/books?id=OZbyz_Hr-eIC&lpg=PP1&dq=isbn%3A1438126964&pg=PA494|url-status=live}}</ref> Na ebe from dis point wey Hajj cam turn one of de five pillars of Islam. == Timing of Hajj == De date of Hajj be determined by de Islamic calendar (dem know as de Hijri calendar anaa AH), wich dey base on de lunar year.<ref name="Harrison156">{{cite book|editor1-first=David|editor1-last=Harrison|title=Tourism and the Less Developed World: Issues and Case Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=blJpqa-XApQC&pg=PA156|access-date=6 October 2014|year=2001|publisher=CABI|isbn=978-0-85199-433-8|page=156|archive-date=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151127023945/https://books.google.com/books?id=blJpqa-XApQC&pg=PA156|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Reynolds33">{{cite book|last=Reynolds|first=Gabriel said|title=The Emergence of Islam: Classical Traditions in Contemporary Perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HWfFX5XDjuIC&pg=PT33|year=2012|publisher=Fortress Press|isbn=978-1-4514-0812-6|page=33|access-date=26 November 2019|archive-date=16 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216192254/https://books.google.com/books?id=HWfFX5XDjuIC&pg=PT33|url-status=live}}</ref> Every year, de events of Hajj dey take place insyd a ten-day period, wey dey start on 1 den dey end on 10 Dhu al-Hijjah, de twelfth den last month of de Islamic calendar. Among dese ten days, dem know de 9th Dhul-Hijjah as [[Day of Arafah]], wey dem dey bell dis day de day of Hajj. Secof de Islamic calendar be lunar den de Islamic year be about eleven days shorter dan de Gregorian year, de Gregorian date for Hajj dey change from year to year. Thus, each year insyd de Gregorian calendar, de pilgrimage dey start eleven days (sam times ten days) earlier.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-first=Aziz|editor1-last=Sheikh|title=Caring for Muslim Patients|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mgwiloFTrKwC&pg=PA95|access-date=15 November 2014|year=2008|publisher=Radcliffe Publishing|isbn=978-1-85775-812-2|page=95|archive-date=29 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151129021631/https://books.google.com/books?id=mgwiloFTrKwC&pg=PA95|url-status=live}}</ref> Dis dey make am possible for de Hajj season make e fall twice insyd one Gregorian year, wey e dey do dat every 33 years. De last time na dis phenomenon occur be insyd 2006.<ref name="Umm-al-Qura-Calendar">{{cite web|url=http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/islam/ummalqura_principal.htm|title=Principal Islamic Days of Observance according to Umm al-Qura Calendar|year=2014|work=The Umm al-Qura Calendar of Saudi Arabia|access-date=24 November 2014|archive-date=28 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191028164511/http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/islam/ummalqura_principal.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> De table below dey show de Gregorian dates of Hajj for recent years (de dates dey correspond to 9 Dhul-Hijjah of de Hijri calendar). Prospective dates be approximate: {| class="wikitable" !AH !Gregorian date |- |1432 |2011, 5 November<ref>{{cite book|last=Penprase|first=Bryan E|title=The Power of Stars: How Celestial Observations Have Shaped Civilization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XXOxGOpawuMC&pg=PA142|year=2010|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-1-4419-6803-6|page=142|access-date=12 August 2015|archive-date=26 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126070234/https://books.google.com/books?id=XXOxGOpawuMC&pg=PA142|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |1433 |2012, 25 October |- |1434 |2013, 14 October<ref>{{cite news|title=Hajj celebrated by Muslims in Mecca - video|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2013/oct/15/hajj-celebrated-muslims-in-mecca-video|access-date=16 November 2014|newspaper=The Guardian|date=15 October 2013|archive-date=29 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129071251/http://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2013/oct/15/hajj-celebrated-muslims-in-mecca-video|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Hajj-today">{{cite news|title=Hajj today|url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/hajj-today/|access-date=16 November 2014|newspaper=The Daily Star|date=14 October 2013|archive-date=29 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129021421/http://archive.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/hajj-today/|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |1435 |2014, 3 October<ref>{{cite news|title=Islamic State militants are enemies of humanity: Saudi Grand Mufti|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1135961/islamic-state-militants-are-enemies-of-humanity-saudi-grand-mufti|access-date=16 November 2014|newspaper=Dawn|date=3 October 2014|archive-date=16 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200316123913/https://www.dawn.com/news/1135961/islamic-state-militants-are-enemies-of-humanity-saudi-grand-mufti|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |1436 |2015, 23 September<ref name="TheDailyStar2015">{{cite news|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/pilgrims-pray-peace-148021|title=Hajj Performed: 2 million pilgrims pray for world peace|date=24 September 2015|work=The Daily Star|access-date=26 September 2015|archive-date=16 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200316184022/https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/pilgrims-pray-peace-148021|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |1437 |2016, 11 September<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dunyanews.tv/en/World/352397-Rituals-of-the-hajj|title=Rituals of the hajj – World – Dunya News|date=14 February 2008|access-date=10 September 2016|archive-date=9 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190409232521/http://dunyanews.tv/en/World/352397-Rituals-of-the-hajj|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="v3502133">{{cite web|url=http://www.voanews.com/a/muslims-mark-most-important-day-of-hajj-in-saudi-arabia/3502133.html|title=Muslims Mark Most Important Day of Hajj in Saudi Arabia|first=Cecily|last=Hilleary|date=11 September 2016|access-date=11 September 2016|archive-date=20 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820141006/https://www.voanews.com/a/muslims-mark-most-important-day-of-hajj-in-saudi-arabia/3502133.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |1438 |2017, 31 August<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/08/hajj-2016-long-160814152909463.html|title=Hajj 2017: When is it and how long does it take?|publisher=Al Jazeera|access-date=22 August 2017|archive-date=31 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200331161926/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/08/hajj-2016-long-160814152909463.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |1439 |2018, 20 August<ref name="Gent">{{cite web|title=The Umm al-Qura Calendar of Saudi Arabia|first=Robert Harry|last=van Gent|url=https://webspace.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/islam/ummalqura_principal.htm|access-date=7 May 2021|archive-date=17 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517152031/https://webspace.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/islam/ummalqura_principal.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |1440 |2019, 10 August<ref name="Gent" /> |- |1441 |2020, 30 July<ref name="Gent" /> |- |1442 |2021, 19 July<ref name="Gent" /> |- |1443 |2022, 8 July<ref name="Gent" /> |- |1444 |2023, 27 June<ref name="Gent" /> |- |1445 |2024, 15 June<ref name="Gent" /> |- |1446 |2025, 4 June to 9 June<ref>{{Cite web|author=Sheikh Saalim Al-Azhari|date=20 November 2024|title=When is Hajj 2025?|url=https://www.islamic-relief.org.uk/resources/knowledge-base/five-pillars-of-islam/hajj/|website=Islamic Relief UK}}</ref> |} == Rites == [[File:Hajj_locations_and_rites.png|right|thumb|Diagram of de locations den rites of Hajj]] ''Fiqh'' literature dey describe in detail de manners of carrying out de rites of Hajj, wey pilgrims dey generally follow handbooks den expert guides to successfully fulfill de requirements of Hajj.<ref name="Campo282">{{cite encyclopedia|year=2009|title=Hajj|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Islam|publisher=Facts On File|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OZbyz_Hr-eIC&pg=PA282|editor=Campo|editor-first=Juan E.|page=282|isbn=978-0-8160-5454-1|access-date=19 October 2020|archive-date=21 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210721152752/https://books.google.com/books?id=OZbyz_Hr-eIC&pg=PA282|url-status=live}}</ref> In performing de rites of Hajj, de pilgrims no dey follow de model of Muhammad per, buh sanso dey commemorate de events associated plus Abraham.<ref name="Neusner178">{{cite book|last=Neusner|first=Jacob|title=World Religions in America: An Introduction|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jRkRAQAAIAAJ&q=Hajj+muslims+commemorate+events+associate+Abraham|access-date=6 October 2014|year=2000|publisher=Westminster John Knox Press|isbn=978-0-664-25839-9|page=178|archive-date=6 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220406182147/https://books.google.com/books?id=jRkRAQAAIAAJ&q=Hajj+muslims+commemorate+events+associate+Abraham|url-status=live}}</ref> === ''Ihram'' === Ihram be de name dem give to de special spiritual state, state of holiness, wich dey mark de start of de ritual of Hajj give each person.<ref name="Nigosian111"/><ref name="EB-ihram">{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/282481/ihram|title=ihram|year=2014|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=6 October 2014|archive-date=7 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007071226/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/282481/ihram|url-status=live}}</ref> Dem dey initiate Ihram upon de arrival to de ''Miqat'' anaa prior to if dem reach am, wey dey depend on wer dem dey komot from. === ''Tawaf'' den ''sa'ay'' === [[File:Tavaf.jpg|right|thumb|Direction of de {{lang|ar-latn|tawaf}} around de Kaaba]] De ritual of {{lang|ar-latn|tawaf}} dey involve walking seven times counterclockwise around de Kaaba.<ref name="Marshall89">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H_m14NlQQMYC&pg=PA89|title=Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures|last=Long|first=Matthew|publisher=Marshall Cavendish Corporation|year=2011|isbn=978-0-7614-7926-0|page=89|access-date=2 September 2014|archive-date=23 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123110541/https://books.google.com/books?id=H_m14NlQQMYC&pg=PA89|url-status=live}}</ref> Upon arriving at ''[[Masjid al-Haram|Al-Masjid Al-Ḥarām]]'', pilgrims dey perform an arrival {{lang|ar-latn|tawaf}} either as part of Umrah anaa as a welcome {{lang|ar-latn|tawaf}}.<ref name="Long16">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC&pg=PA16|title=The Hajj Today: A Survey of the Contemporary Pilgrimage to Makkah|last=Long|first=David E.|publisher=SUNY Press|year=1979|isbn=0-87395-382-7|page=16|access-date=29 August 2017|archive-date=19 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219105043/https://books.google.com/books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC&pg=PA16|url-status=live}}</ref> During {{lang|ar-latn|tawaf}}, pilgrims sanso dey include Hateem – an area for de north syd oftde Kaaba – insyd dema path. Each circuit dey start den dey end plus de kissing anaa touching of de Black Stone. Pilgrims sanso dey point to de stone den dey recite a prayer dem know as Talbiyah.<ref name="Long17">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC&pg=PA17|title=The Hajj Today: A Survey of the Contemporary Pilgrimage to Makkah|last=Long|first=David E.|publisher=SUNY Press|year=1979|isbn=978-0-87395-382-5|page=17|access-date=29 August 2017|archive-date=17 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217110352/https://books.google.com/books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC&pg=PA17|url-status=live}}</ref> If kissing anaa touching de stone no be possible secof crowds, pilgrims fi simply point towards de stone plus dema right hand for each circuit. Dem no dey permit chow buh dem dey permit den encourage de drinking of water, secof de risk of dehydration. Dem encourage men make dem perform de first three circuits for a hurried pace, dem know as ''Ramal'', den de following four for a more leisurely pace.<ref name="AtoZ">{{cite book|title=Hajj to Umrah: From A to Z|last=Mohamed|first=Mamdouh N.|publisher=Amana Publications|year=1996|isbn=0-915957-54-X|url=https://archive.org/details/hajjumrahfromtoz00moha}}</ref><gallery widths="200px" heights="160px"> File:Sa'yee_To_Go.jpg|Sa'yee towards Safa File:Sa'yee_For_older.jpg|Central section dem reserve give de elderly den de disabled. Dem sanso divide am into two directions of travel. File:Sa'yee_To_return.jpg|Sa'yee wey dey return from Safa </gallery> === First day of Hajj: 8th Dhu al-Hijjah (Tarwiyah Day) === For de 8th Dhu al-Hijjah, dem go remind de pilgrims of dema duties. Dem san go don de Ihram garments den confirm dema intention make dem make de pilgrimage. De prohibitions of Ihram dey start now. ==== Mina ==== [[File:Arafat_pilgrims.jpg|thumb|Pilgrims wey dey wear Ihram near Mount Arafat for de day of Hajj]] [[File:Mount_Arafah.jpg|thumb|Mount Arafat during Hajj]] After de morning prayer for de 8th of Dhu al-Hijjah, de pilgrims proceed to Mina wer dem dey spend de whole day den offer noon (Note: For Friday, dem dey offer Friday Prayer, instead of Dhuhr Prayer, for Mina), afternoon, evening, den night prayers.<ref name="Adelowo403">{{cite book|editor1-first=E. Dada|editor1-last=Adelowo|title=Perspectives in Religious Studies: Volume III|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ma-QBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA403|year=2014|publisher=HEBN Publishers Plc|location=Ibadan|isbn=978-978-081-447-2|page=403|access-date=12 August 2015|archive-date=3 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103151204/https://books.google.com/books?id=ma-QBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA403|url-status=live}}</ref> De next morning after morning prayer, dem go lef Mina go Arafat. === Second day: 9th Dhu al-Hijjah (Arafah Day) === De 9th Dhul-Hijjah be known as [[Day of Arafah]], wey dem dey bell dis day de Day of Hajj.<ref name="v3502133"/> ==== Arafat ==== For 9th Dhu al-Hijjah before noon, pilgrims arrive for Arafat, a barren den plain land sam {{convert|20|km}} east of Mecca, wer dem stand insyd contemplative vigil: dem offer supplications, repent on den atone for dema past sins, den seek de mercy of God, den listen to de sermon from de Islamic scholars wey deliver am from near Jabal al-Rahmah (De Mount of Mercy)<ref name="Adelowo403"/> from wer dem say na Muhammad deliver ein last sermon. Dey last from noon thru sunset, dis be known as 'standing before God' (wuquf), one of de most significant rites of Hajj.<ref name="Nigosian111"/> For ''Masjid al-Namirah'', pilgrims offer noon den afternoon prayers togeda for noontime. Dem dey consider a pilgrim ein Hajj invalid if dem no spend de afternoon for Arafat.<ref name="Long19">{{cite book|last=Long|first=David E.|title=The Hajj Today: A Survey of the Contemporary Pilgrimage to Makkah|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC&pg=PA19|year=1979|isbn=0-87395-382-7|page=19|publisher=SUNY Press|access-date=29 August 2017|archive-date=4 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180804200934/https://books.google.com/books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC&pg=PA19|url-status=live}}</ref> ==== Muzdalifah ==== [[File:MuzdalifahPanorama.jpg|thumb|Pilgrims for Muzdalifah]] Pilgrims for leave Arafat for Muzdalifah after sunset widout performing dema maghrib (sunset) prayer for Arafat.<ref>Sahih Muslim-Hadith No 2941.2944</ref> Muzdalifah be an area between Arafat den Mina. Upon reaching der, pilgrims perform Maghrib den Isha prayer jointly, spend de night praying den sleeping for de ground plus open sky, den gather pebbles for de next day ein ritual of de stoning of de Devil (Shaytan).<ref>Sahih Bukhari Hadith No: 732,733, and 734</ref> === Third day: 10th Dhu al-Hijjah (Qurban Day) === After de morning prayer, de Pilgrims move from Muzdalifah to Mina. ==== Ramy al-Jamarat ==== [[File:Amellie_-_Stoning_of_the_devil_2006_Hajj.jpg|thumb|Pilgrims dey perform "Ramy Al-Jamarat" (Stoning of de Devil) ceremony during de 2006 Hajj]] For Mina, de pilgrims perform symbolic Stoning of de Devil (Ramy al-Jamarat) by dem dey throw seven stones from sunrise to sunset for de largest of de three pillars per, dem know as Jamrat al-Aqabah.<ref name="al-Hasani"/> Dem no dey stone de two pillars wey remain (jamarah) for dis day.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.easyhajj.co.uk/throwingpebbles.php|title=easyhajj.co.uk|publisher=easyhajj.co.uk|access-date=19 December 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811073422/http://www.easyhajj.co.uk/throwingpebbles.php|archive-date=11 August 2011}}</ref> Dem say dese pillars dey represent Satan.<ref>{{cite book|author=Nigosian|title=Islam: Its History, Teaching, and Practices|publisher=Indiana University Press|url=https://archive.org/details/islamitshistoryt0000nigo|url-access=registration|year=2004|isbn=0-253-21627-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/islamitshistoryt0000nigo/page/112 112]}}</ref> Pilgrims dey climb ramps to de multi-levelled Jamaraat Bridge, from wich dem fi throw dema pebbles for de jamarat. Secof safety reasons, insyd 2004 na dem replace de pillars by long walls, plus catch basins below make dem collect de pebbles.<ref name="Marshall90">{{cite book|title=Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H_m14NlQQMYC&pg=PA90|access-date=2 September 2014|year=2011|publisher=Marshall Cavendish Corporation|isbn=978-0-7614-7926-0|page=90|archive-date=23 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123110545/https://books.google.com/books?id=H_m14NlQQMYC&pg=PA90|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Mohamed54">{{cite book|editor1-first=Mohamed|editor1-last=Gad-el-Hak|title=Large-Scale Disasters: Prediction, Control, and Mitigation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nfDs5KWqyzcC&pg=PA54|access-date=13 January 2015|year=2008|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-139-47229-6|page=54|archive-date=29 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151129061142/https://books.google.com/books?id=nfDs5KWqyzcC&pg=PA54|url-status=live}}</ref> ==== Animal sacrificing ==== After de Stoning of de Devil, dem go sacrifice cattle (Surah 22:34-36) make dem commemorate de story of Ibrahim den Ismael. Traditionally na de pilgrims slaughter de animal demaselves anaa dem oversee de slaughtering. Today chaw pilgrims buy a sacrifice voucher insyd Mecca before de greater Hajj begin, wich dey allow make dem slaughter an animal insyd de name of God (Allah) for de 10th, widout de pilgrim be physically present. Modern abattoirs plete de processing of de meat, wich dem then send as a charity to poor people around de world.<ref name="RESA">{{cite web|url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/issues/hajj/|title=Hajj|publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia|access-date=12 August 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140815124605/http://www.saudiembassy.net/issues/hajj/|archive-date=15 August 2014}}</ref> For de same time as de sacrifices occur for Mecca, Muslims worldwide perform similar sacrifices, insyd a three-day global festival dem call ''Eid al-Adha''.<ref name="bbc.co.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/holydays/eiduladha.shtml|title=Eid ul Adha|date=7 September 2009|publisher=BBC|access-date=30 December 2012|archive-date=4 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191004075944/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/holydays/eiduladha.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> ==== Hair removal ==== After sacrificing an animal, anoda important rite of Hajj be de shaving anaa trimming of head hair (dem know as Halak). All male pilgrims shave dema head anaa trim dema hair for de day of [[Eid al-Adha|Eid al Adha]] den female pilgrims cut de tips of dema hair.<ref name="BBC">{{cite web|date=8 September 2009|title=Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/practices/hajj_1.shtml|access-date=6 October 2014|publisher=BBC|archive-date=3 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103141339/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/practices/hajj_1.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Long21">{{cite book|last=Long|title=The Hajj Today: A Survey of the Contemporary Pilgrimage to Makkah|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC&pg=PA21|year=1979|isbn=0-87395-382-7|page=21|publisher=SUNY Press|access-date=29 August 2017|archive-date=16 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200216091036/https://books.google.com/books?id=2Uk3Gh6xrUUC&pg=PA21|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Sahih Muslim Hadith no:2985,2994</ref> ==== Tawaf Ziyarat/Ifadah ==== [[File:Kaaba_2.JPG|thumb|Pilgrims dey perform Tawaf around de Kaaba]] For de same anaa de day wey dey follow, de pilgrims re-visit de Sacred Mosque insyd Mecca for anoda ''tawaf'', dem know as ''Tawaf al-Ifadah'', an essential part of Hajj.<ref name="Long21"/> E dey symbolize dem be in a hurry make dem respond to God den show love for Am, an obligatory part of Hajj. Dem dey spend de night of de 10th back for Mina. === Fourth day: 11th Dhu al-Hijjah === Dey start from noon to sunset for de 11 Dhu al-Hijjah (den again de day wey dey follow), de pilgrims san throw seven pebbles for each of de three pillars insyd Mina. Dis be commonly known as de "Stoning of the Devil".<ref name="al-Hasani"/> === Fifth day: 12th Dhu al-Hijjah === For 12 Dhu al-Hijjah, de same process of de stoning of de pillars as of 11 Dhu al-Hijjah dey take place.<ref name="al-Hasani">{{cite book|last=al-Hasani|first=Abu Qanit al-Sharif|title=The Guiding Helper: Main Text and Explanatory Notes|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wKZJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA220|year=2009|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-1-4452-3791-6|page=220|access-date=12 August 2015|archive-date=2 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151102121628/https://books.google.com/books?id=wKZJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA220|url-status=live}}</ref> Pilgrims fi leave Mina for Mecca before sunset for de 12th. === Last day for Mina: 13th Dhu al-Hijjah === If unable make dem leave for de 12th before sunset anaa dem opt make dem stay longer, dem san for perform de stoning ritual for de 13th before dem go return to Mecca.<ref name="al-Hasani"/> ==== Tawaf al-Wadaa ==== Finally, before dem go lef Mecca, pilgrims dey perform a farewell tawaf dem dey bell de Tawaf al-Wadaa. 'Wadaa' dey mean 'to bid farewell'. De pilgrims dey circle de Kaaba seven times counter-clockwise, den if dem fi, attempt make dem touch anaa kiss de Kaaba.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Sheikho|first1=Mohammad Amin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mcVCAwAAQBAJ&dq=Tawaf+al-Wadaa&pg=PT67|title=Pilgrimage "Hajj": The Fifth High Grade of Al-Taqwa|last2=Al-Dayrani|first2=A. K. John Alias|date=2017-07-19|publisher=BookRix|isbn=978-3-7309-9606-5|language=en|access-date=5 July 2022|archive-date=8 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708212613/https://books.google.com/books?id=mcVCAwAAQBAJ&dq=Tawaf+al-Wadaa&pg=PT67|url-status=live}}</ref> == Journey to Medina == During dema journey for Hajj, pilgrims traditionally sanso dey travel to de city of [[Medina]] (approximately {{convert|450|km}} to de northeast), in particular make dem pray for de [[Prophet's Mosque|Al-Masjid an-Nabawi]] (Mosque of de Prophet),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/muslim-pilgrims-flock-to-medina-after-performing-hajj/646779|title=Muslim pilgrims flock to Medina after performing Hajj|last=Al Masry|first=Ahmed|date=September 15, 2006|website=aa.com.tr|publisher=Anadolu Agency|access-date=24 July 2021|archive-date=6 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220406182147/https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/muslim-pilgrims-flock-to-medina-after-performing-hajj/646779|url-status=live}}</ref> wich dey contain de tomb of [[Muhammad]].<ref name="RESA"/> Dem sanso dey usually visit [[Quba Mosque]] den [[Masjid al-Qiblatayn]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QlozJ12_C-8C&q=Quba+Mosque+Qiblatain&pg=PA32|title=A life that matters: a spiritual experience|author=Norani Noridin|author2=Nordin Yusof|publisher=The Other Press|page=32|isbn=978-967-5062-02-5|year=2008|access-date=19 October 2020|archive-date=6 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220406182154/https://books.google.com/books?id=QlozJ12_C-8C&q=Quba+Mosque+Qiblatain&pg=PA32|url-status=live}}</ref> == Significance == To Muslims, Hajj be associated plus religious as well as social significance.<ref name="AzizSheikh2008">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mgwiloFTrKwC&pg=PA96|title=Caring for Muslim Patients|publisher=Radcliffe Publishing|year=2008|isbn=978-1-85775-812-2|editor-last=Sheikh|editor-first=Aziz|page=96|access-date=2 September 2014|archive-date=29 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151129021635/https://books.google.com/books?id=mgwiloFTrKwC&pg=PA96|url-status=live}}</ref> De obligation for performing dis pilgrimage be only fulfilled if dem do am for de eighth to twelfth day of de last month of de Islamic calendar. If insyd a given year, an adult Muslim dey insyd good health wey dema life den wealth be safe, dem for perform de Hajj insyd de same year. Dem dey consider delaying as sinful unless de delay be caused by reasons beyond dema control.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Musharraf|first1=Hussain|title=The Five Pillars of Islam: Laying the Foundations of Divine Love and Service to Humanity|url=https://archive.org/details/fivepillarsofisl0000huss|date=2012|publisher=Kube Publishing|location=Leicestershire, UK|isbn=9781847740236|pages=[https://archive.org/details/fivepillarsofisl0000huss/page/204 204]–205}}</ref> Malcolm X, an American activist during de Civil Rights Movement, dey describe de sociological atmosphere he experience for ein Hajj insyd de 1960s as follows: {{blockquote|There were tens of thousands of pilgrims, from all over the world. They were of all colors, from blue-eyed blondes to black-skinned Africans. But we were all participating in the same ritual, displaying a spirit of unity and brotherhood that my experiences in America had led me to believe never could exist between the white and the non-white. America needs to understand Islam because this is the one religion that erases from its society the race problem. You may be shocked by these words coming from me. But on this pilgrimage, what I have seen, and experienced, has forced me to rearrange much of my thought-patterns previously held.<ref name="XHaley1999">{{cite book |author1=Malcolm X |author2=Alex Haley |title=The Autobiography of Malcolm X |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NlkifTXux_cC |access-date=26 February 2013 |year=1999 |publisher=Ballantine Books |isbn=978-0-345-35068-8 |page=346 |archive-date=29 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130529002515/http://books.google.com/books?id=NlkifTXux_cC |url-status=live }}</ref>}} == Differences between Hajj den Umrah == * Both be Islamic pilgrimages; de main difference be dema level of importance den de method of observance.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Gannon|first1=Martin Joseph|last2=Baxter|first2=Ian W. F.|last3=Collinson|first3=Elaine|last4=Curran|first4=Ross|last5=Farrington|first5=Thomas|last6=Glasgow|first6=Steven|last7=Godsman|first7=Elliot M.|last8=Gori|first8=Keith|last9=Jack|first9=Gordon R. A.|display-authors=6|date=11 June 2017|title=Travelling for Umrah: destination attributes, destination image, and post-travel intentions|url=http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/70393/3/Umrah-SIJ-2017.pdf|journal=The Service Industries Journal|volume=37|issue=7–8|pages=448–465|doi=10.1080/02642069.2017.1333601|s2cid=54745153|issn=0264-2069|access-date=11 July 2019|archive-date=27 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427224205/http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/70393/3/Umrah-SIJ-2017.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> * Hajj be one of de [[Five Pillars of Islam]]. Ebe obligatory for every Muslim once insyd dema lifetime, provided dem be physically fit den financially capable.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Edgar|first=Scott|title=The Five Pillars of Islam in the Hadith|journal=Studia Antiqua|volume=2|issue=1|year=2002|url=https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/studiaantiqua/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728071242/https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/studiaantiqua/|archive-date=28 July 2018}}</ref> * Dem dey perform Hajj over specific days during a designated Islamic month (Dhu al-Hijjah). However, dem fi perform Umrah for any time. * Although dem dey share common rites, dem fi perform Umrah in less dan a few hours while Hajj be more time-consuming, den dey involve more rituals. == Number of pilgrims per year == Na der be a substantial increase insyd de number of pilgrims during de last 92 years, wey na de number of foreign pilgrims increase by approximately 2,824 percent, from 58,584 insyd 1920 to 1,712,962 insyd 2012.<ref name="History">{{cite news|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-2-139473-Number-of-foreign-Hajis-grows-by-2824-percent-in-92-years|title=Number of foreign Hajis grows by 2,824 percent in 92 years|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102022130/http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-2-139473-Number-of-foreign-Hajis-grows-by-2824-percent-in-92-years|archive-date=2 November 2012|newspaper=The News International|access-date=9 October 2016}}</ref> Secof development den expansion work for Masjid al-Haram, na de authority restrict de number of pilgrims insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/21917/Reduction+in+Hajj+2013+Quota|title=Reduction in Hajj 2013 Quota|publisher=Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India|date=8 July 2013|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=28 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128140744/http://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl%2F21917%2FReduction+in+Hajj+2013+Quota|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://ph.news.yahoo.com/saudi-arabia-cuts-hajj-quota-foreign-pilgrims-20-213053607.html|title=Saudi Arabia cuts Hajj Quota for foreign pilgrims by 20 percent|work=Yahoo News|date=19 June 2013|access-date=17 September 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006095319/https://ph.news.yahoo.com/saudi-arabia-cuts-hajj-quota-foreign-pilgrims-20-213053607.html|archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Between 1940 den 1945, na dem restrict foreign pilgrims from arriving insyd Saudi Arabia as a result of World War II;<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Supratman|first=Frial Ramadhan|date=2020-12-30|title=Hajj and the chaos of the Great War: Pilgrims of the Dutch East Indies in World War I (1914-1918)|url=https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/jw/article/view/8584|journal=Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama Dan Sosial Budaya|volume=5|issue=2|pages=167–178|doi=10.15575/jw.v5i2.8584|s2cid=233386606|issn=2502-3489}}</ref> na dem severely restrict de pilgrimages insyd 2020 den 2021 while na de country dey deal plus de COVID-19 pandemic. For de most recent 2023 Hajj insyd, na der be 1,845,045 total pilgrims, wey dey include about 184,000 Saudis.<ref name="NewArab">{{cite news|last=|first=|date=June 27, 2023|title=Saudi Arabia: Hajj draws 1.8 million pilgrims, falls short of pre-pandemic record|url=https://www.newarab.com/news/hajj-draws-18-million-pilgrims-falls-short-record?amp|work=The New Arab|location=|access-date=October 27, 2023}}</ref> Na de number of pilgrims wey dey follow arrive insyd Saudi Arabia each year make dem perform Hajj: {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Gregorian year !! Hijri year !! Local pilgrims !! Foreign pilgrims !! Total |- | 1920 || 1338 || || 58,584<ref name=History/> || |- | 1921 || 1339 || || 57,255<ref name=History/> || |- | 1922 || 1340 || || 56,319<ref name=History/> || |- | 1950 || 1369 || || 100,000 (approx.)<ref name=Marshall86/> || |- | 1950s || || || 150,000 (approx.)<ref name=Tagliacozzo-132>{{cite book |editor1-first=Eric |editor1-last=Tagliacozzo |editor2-first=Shawkat |editor2-last=Toorawa |title=The Hajj: Pilgrimage in Islam |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Am3OCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA132 |year=2016 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=New York |isbn=978-1-107-61280-8 |page=132 |access-date=14 February 2017 |archive-date=17 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217091015/https://books.google.com/books?id=Am3OCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA132 |url-status=live }}</ref> || |- | 1960s || || || 300,000 (approx.)<ref name=Tagliacozzo-132/> || |- | 1970s || || || 700,000 (approx.)<ref name=Tagliacozzo-132/> || |- | 1980s || || || 900,000 (approx.)<ref name=Tagliacozzo-132/> || |- | 1989 || 1409 || || 774,600<ref name="Harrison-156">{{cite book|editor1-first=David|editor1-last=Harrison|title=Tourism and the Less Developed World: Issues and Case Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=blJpqa-XApQC&pg=PA156|year=2001|publisher=CABI Publishing|isbn=978-0-85199-433-8|page=156|access-date=12 August 2015|archive-date=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151127023945/https://books.google.com/books?id=blJpqa-XApQC&pg=PA156|url-status=live}}</ref>|| |- | 1990 || 1410 || || 827,200<ref name=Harrison-156/> || |- | 1991 || 1411 || || 720,100<ref name=Harrison-156/> || |- | 1992 || 1412 || || 1,015,700<ref name=Harrison-156/> || |- | 1993 || 1413 || || 992,800<ref name=Harrison-156/> || |- | 1994 || 1414 || || 997,400<ref name=Harrison-156/> || |- | 1995 || 1415 || || 1,046,307<ref name=Harrison-156/> || |- | 1996 || 1416 || 784,769 || 1,080,465<ref name=Harrison-156/><ref name=RESA1997>{{cite web |title=Record number of pilgrims arrive for 1417 Hajj |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=15 April 1997 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/1997/news/page208.aspx |access-date=7 October 2014 |archive-date=18 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318145148/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/1997/news/page208.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> || 1,865,234 |- | 1997 || 1417 || 774,260 || 1,168,591<ref name=Harrison-156/><ref name=RESA1997/> || 1,942,851 |- | 1998 || 1418 || 699,770 || 1,132,344 || 1,832,114<ref name=Harrison-156/><ref>{{cite web |title=Final statistics for Hajj 1418 pilgrims |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=8 April 1998 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/1998/news/page352.aspx |access-date=7 October 2014 |archive-date=3 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303214712/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/1998/news/page352.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | 1999 || 1419 || 775,268 || 1,056,730 || 1,831,998 |- | 2000 || 1420 || 466,430<ref name=RESA2000/> || 1,267,355 || 1,733,785<ref name=RESA2000>{{cite web |title=Ministry of Pilgrimage figures released for 1420 Haj |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=20 March 2000 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2000/news/Page460.aspx |access-date=7 October 2014 |archive-date=31 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200331043722/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2000/news/Page460.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | 2001 || 1421 || 440,808 || 1,363,992 || 1,804,800<ref>{{cite web |title=Successful culmination of Hajj 1421 |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=9 March 2001 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2001/news/page514.aspx |access-date=7 October 2014 |archive-date=11 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200311190439/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2001/news/page514.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | 2002 || 1422 || 590,576 || 1,354,184 || 1,944,760 |- | 2003 || 1423 || 493,230 || 1,431,012 || 1,924,242<ref>{{cite web |title=Tragic deaths reported in crowding at Mina |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=11 February 2003 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2003/news/page499.aspx |access-date=7 October 2014 |archive-date=7 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200307022730/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2003/news/page499.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | 2004 || 1424 || 473,004<ref name=culmination>{{cite web |title=Culmination of 1424 Hajj witnesses stampede deaths |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=1 February 2004 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2004/news/page759.aspx |access-date=7 October 2014 |archive-date=5 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305131347/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2004/news/page759.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> || 1,419,706<ref>{{cite web |title=Hajj proceeding without incident |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=30 January 2004 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2004/news/page764.aspx |access-date=7 October 2014 |archive-date=5 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200305085922/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2004/news/page764.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> || 1,892,710<ref name=culmination/> |- | 2005 || 1425 || 1,030,000 (approx.) || 1,534,769 || 2,560,000 (approx.)<ref>{{cite web |title=Prince Abdulmajeed declares Hajj 1425 a success |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=25 January 2005 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2005/news/page806.aspx |access-date=30 July 2009 |archive-date=26 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190826144637/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2005/news/page806.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | 2006 || 1426 || 573,147 || 1,557,447 || 2,130,594<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2006/news/page919.aspx |title=Number of Hajj pilgrims tops 2 million |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=10 January 2006 |access-date=16 January 2015 |archive-date=16 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200316184801/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2006/news/page919.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | 2006 || 1427 || 724,229 || 1,654,407 ||2,378,636<ref>{{cite web |title=More than 2.3&nbsp;million pilgrims perform the Hajj this year |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=30 December 2006 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2006/news/page5.aspx |access-date=30 July 2009 |archive-date=29 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229035136/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2006/news/page5.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | 2007 || 1428 || 746,511 || 1,707,814 || 2,454,325<ref>{{cite web |title=More than 1.7&nbsp;million pilgrims have arrived in Saudi Arabia for the Hajj |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=17 December 2007 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2007/news/page15.aspx |access-date=30 July 2009 |archive-date=2 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302213726/https://www.saudiembassy.net/archive/2007/news/page15.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=SCDS>{{cite web |url=http://xrdarabia.org/2007/12/23/how-many-attended-the-hajj/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225170345/http://xrdarabia.org/2007/12/23/how-many-attended-the-hajj/|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 December 2007 |title=How Many Attended the Hajj? |work=Crossroads Arabia |date=23 December 2007 }}</ref> |- | 2008 || 1429 || || 1,729,841<ref name=":5">{{cite web |title=Record number of pilgrims arrive for Hajj |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=6 December 2008 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/affairs/recent-news/news12060801.aspx |access-date=30 July 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612115203/http://saudiembassy.net/affairs/recent-news/news12060801.aspx |archive-date=12 June 2010 }}</ref>|| |- | 2009 || 1430 || 154,000 || 1,613,000 || 2,521,000<ref>{{cite web |title=2,521,000&nbsp;million pilgrims participated in Hajj 1430 |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=29 November 2009 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news11290904.aspx |access-date=8 December 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612012925/http://saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news11290904.aspx |archive-date=12 June 2010 }}</ref> |- | 2010 || 1431 || 989,798 || 1,799,601 || 2,854,345<ref>{{cite web |title=2.8&nbsp;million pilgrims participated in Hajj 1431 |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=18 November 2010 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.or.jp/En/PressReleases/2010/20101118.htm |access-date=28 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101215093117/http://www.saudiembassy.or.jp/En/PressReleases/2010/20101118.htm |archive-date=15 December 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | 2011 || 1432 || 1,099,522 || 1,828,195 || 2,927,717<ref>{{cite web |title=2,927,717 pilgrims performed Hajj this year |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=6 November 2011 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news11061102.aspx |access-date=16 November 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628155317/http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news11061102.aspx |archive-date=28 June 2012 }}</ref> |- | 2012 || 1433 || 1,408,641 || 1,752,932 || 3,161,573<ref name=":6">{{cite web |title=3,161,573 pilgrims perform Hajj this year |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=27 October 2012 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news10271201.aspx |access-date=12 March 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130426005515/http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news10271201.aspx |archive-date=26 April 2013 }}</ref> |- | 2013 || 1434 || 600,718<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=2018-1439 Hajj Statistics|url=https://www.stats.gov.sa/sites/default/files/hajj_1439_en.pdf|website=General Authority for Statistics Kingdom of Saudi Arabia|access-date=19 May 2020|archive-date=18 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918222519/https://www.stats.gov.sa/sites/default/files/hajj_1439_en.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>|| 1,379,531<ref>{{cite web |title=1,379,531 pilgrims from 188 countries arrived for Hajj |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=13 October 2013 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news10131302.aspx |access-date=13 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221200746/http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news10131302.aspx |archive-date=21 February 2014 }}</ref> || 1,980,249<ref name=":4" /> |- | 2014 || 1435 || 696,185<ref name=":4" />|| 1,389,053<ref>{{cite web |title=Small increase in foreign pilgrims |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=2 October 2014 |url=http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news10021401.aspx |access-date=7 October 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141009221349/http://www.saudiembassy.net/latest_news/news10021401.aspx |archive-date=9 October 2014 }}</ref> || 2,085,238<ref name=":4" /> |- | 2015 || 1436 || 567,876<ref name=":4" />|| 1,384,941<ref>{{cite web |title=1,384,941 foreign pilgrims participated in Hajj |publisher=Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia |date=22 September 2015 |url=https://www.saudiembassy.net/1384941-foreign-pilgrims-participated-hajj |access-date=15 February 2017 |archive-date=16 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216055803/https://www.saudiembassy.net/1384941-foreign-pilgrims-participated-hajj |url-status=live }}</ref> || 1,952,817<ref name=":4" /> |- | 2016 || 1437 || 537,537<ref name=Arabia-2017>{{cite web |url=http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2016/09/12/Saudi-Arabia-says-Hajj-2016-receives-1-8-million-pilgrims.html |title=Saudi Arabia says Hajj 2016 receives 1.8&nbsp;million pilgrims |date=12 September 2016 |work=Al Arabiya English |access-date=15 February 2017 |archive-date=9 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009101912/http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2016/09/12/Saudi-Arabia-says-Hajj-2016-receives-1-8-million-pilgrims.html |url-status=live }}</ref> || 1,325,372<ref name=Arabia-2017/> || 1,862,909<ref name=Arabia-2017/> |- | 2017 || 1438 || 600,108|| 1,752,014||2,352,122<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180620024237/https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/28 "Haj Statistics"]. ''General Authority for Statistics, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia''. 2017. Archived from [https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/28 the original] on 20 June 2018.</ref> |- | 2018 || 1439 || 612,953 || 1,758,722|| 2,371,675<ref>{{cite web|title=Haj Statistics|publisher=General Authority of Statistics, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia|date=22 August 2018|url=https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/28|access-date=22 August 2018|archive-date=18 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418021552/https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/28|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |2019 |1440 |634,379 |1,855,027 |2,489,406<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.arabnews.com/node/1538466/saudi-arabia|title=Around 2.5&nbsp;million pilgrims take part in Hajj this year|date=10 August 2019|website=Arab News|access-date=13 August 2019|archive-date=16 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816062052/http://www.arabnews.com/node/1538466/saudi-arabia|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |2020 |1441 | | |1,000<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-saudi-haj-idUSKBN23U1DI|title=Saudi Arabia to restrict domestic haj pilgrims amid coronavirus fears|date=23 June 2020|website=Reuters|access-date=5 May 2022|archive-date=5 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505045827/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-saudi-haj-idUSKBN23U1DI|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |2021 |1442 |58,745<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=12 June 2021 |title=Saudi Arabia says hajj to be limited to 60,000 in kingdom |url=https://apnews.com/article/middle-east-saudi-arabia-health-coronavirus-pandemic-5141f26a40cc3a75f5f252c24f8228e0 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220505045827/https://apnews.com/article/middle-east-saudi-arabia-health-coronavirus-pandemic-5141f26a40cc3a75f5f252c24f8228e0 |archive-date=5 May 2022 |access-date=5 May 2022 |website=Associated Press}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=Hajj Statistics 1442 (2021) |url=https://www.stats.gov.sa/sites/default/files/HAJ%20ANN2021E_kp.pdf |website=General Authority for Statistics |access-date=16 January 2025 |archive-date=6 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230606070534/https://www.stats.gov.sa/sites/default/files/HAJ%20ANN2021E_kp.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> |0<ref name=":0" /> |58,745<ref name=":7" /> |- |2022 |1443 |119,434<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |date=2022-07-08 |title=GASTAT: A total of 899,353 pilgrims perform Hajj |url=http://saudigazette.com.sa/article/622743/SAUDI-ARABIA/GASTAT-A-total-of-899353-pilgrims-perform-Hajj |access-date=2022-07-20 |website=Saudi Gazette |language=English}}</ref> |779,919<ref name=":8" /> |899,353<ref name=":8" /> |- |2023 |1444 |184,000<ref name="NewArab" /> | |1,845,045<ref name="NewArab" /> |- |2024 |1445 |221,854<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/news/532|title=GASTAT: Total number of pilgrims in 1445 H Hajj season is 1,833,164|first=الهيئة العامة|last=للإحصاء|date=15 June 2024|website=General Authority for Statistics|accessdate=31 July 2024}}</ref> |1,611,310<ref name="auto"/> |1,833,164<ref name="auto"/> |} ==Gallery== <gallery class="center" widths="200px" heights="155px"> File:Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca,_Saudi_Arabia.jpg|Pilgrim insyd supplication for de Al-Masjid Al-Haram insyd Mecca. File:Aqaba_the_big_one.jpg|De largest Jamarah (pillar). Dese pillars dey depict de evils insyd Islam wey dem be stoned by de devotees. File:Zamzamwill.JPG|Pilgrims wey dey visit de well of Zamzam. File:Mount Safa Mecca.jpg|Mount Safa within de Al-Masjid Al-Haram insyd Mecca. File:Al-Marwah.JPG|Mount Marwah within de Al-Masjid Al-Haram insyd Mecca. File:Tents_at_Mina.JPG|Tents at Mina. File:Jabal-e-Rehmat (Mount Arafat).jpg|Mount Arafat during ''Ḥajj'' plus Pilgrims dey supplicate. File:Mount_Arafat.jpg|Mount Arafat, a few miles away from Mecca. </gallery> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite book|last=Bianchi|first=Robert R.|year=2004|title=Guests of God: Pilgrimage and Politics in the Islamic World|url=https://archive.org/details/guestsofgodpilgr0000bian|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-517107-5}} * {{cite book|last=Hammoudi|first=Abdellah|year=2006|title=A Season in Mecca: Narrative of a Pilgrimage|publisher=Hill and Wang|isbn=978-0-8090-7609-3|author-link=|url=https://archive.org/details/seasoninmeccanar00hamm}} * {{cite encyclopedia|author-last=Khan|author-first=Qaisra|title=Hajj & 'Umra|encyclopedia=Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God|editor1-first=Coeli|editor1-last=Fitzpatrick|editor2-first=Adam Hani|editor2-last=Walker|location=Santa Barbara|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2014|volume=I|pages=239–245|oclc=857754274}} * {{cite book|last=Patler|first=Nicholas|title=From Mecca to Selma: Malcolm X, Islam, and the Journey tnto the American Civil Rights Movement|year=2017|publisher=The Islamic Monthly|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230082856/https://www.theislamicmonthly.com/mecca-to-selma/|access-date=4 April 2017|archive-date=30 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230082856/https://www.theislamicmonthly.com/mecca-to-selma/|url-status=dead}} * {{cite book|last=Trojanow|first=Ilija|year=2007|title=Mumbai to Mecca: A Pilgrimage to the Holy Sites of Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/frommumbaitomecc0000troj|publisher=Haus Publishing|isbn=978-1-904950-29-5|author-link=}} ==External links== {{sister project links|auto=1|wikt=1|s=1|b=Islam Way of Life/Practising Islam|v=Islam/5 Pillars|d=Q234915}} * [https://artofhajj.com/en/collections Hajj: a Cultural History] – online exhibition * [http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/meast/11/24/marker.map.hajj/index.html Mapping Faith: The Pilgrimage to Mecca] [https://web.archive.org/web/20230804162757/https://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/meast/11/24/marker.map.hajj/index.html Archived] 4 August 2023 at the Wayback Machine – CNN interactive feature * [https://www.pbs.org/muhammad/virtualhajj.shtml Virtual Hajj] by ''PBS'' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081211011326/http://www.time.com/time/photogallery/0,29307,1865298,00.html The Hajj Goes High Tech] –''Time'' magazine photo essay * [http://bbs.keyhole.com/ubb/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=1013428 Sequence of Hajj explained through Google Earth] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120120050247/http://bbs.keyhole.com/ubb/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=1013428 Archived] 20 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine {{Authority control}} [[Category:Hajj| ]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Islamic pilgrimages]] [[Category:Culture insyd Mecca]] [[Category:History of Mecca]] [[Category:Islamic terminology]] [[Category:Religious tourism]] [[Category:Islamic jurisprudence rulings]] [[Category:Five Pillars of Islam]] 1eqaoviz9wgnh15doh1yumy5xs5an9j 0 14272 112498 109954 2026-09-25T01:13:29Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112498 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Islam''' be an Abrahamic monotheistic religion wey dey base for de [[Quran]], den de teachings of [[Muhammad]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-11-25|title=Islam|url=https://www.worldhistory.org/islam/|access-date=2025-02-26|website=Worldhistory.org}}</ref> Dem dey bell adherents of Islam Muslims, wey be estimated to number 1.9 billion worldwide wey ebe de world ein second-largest religious population after Christians.<ref name="www.pewresearch.org-2022">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/religion/religious-demographics/pew-templeton-global-religious-futures-project/|title=Pew-Templeton Global Religious Futures Project - Research and data from Pew Research Center|date=21 December 2022|access-date=27 November 2023|archive-date=5 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205195540/https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/religion/religious-demographics/pew-templeton-global-religious-futures-project/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:FirstSurahKoran.jpg|right|thumb|340x340px|Surah al Fatiha (D''e Opener''), from de [[Quran]].]] Muslims dey believe say Islam be de complete den universal version of a primordial faith wey na ebe revealed chaw times thru earlier prophets den messengers, wey dey include Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, den Jesus. Muslims dey consider de Quran e be de verbatim word of God den de unaltered, final revelation. Alongsyd de Quran, Muslims sanso dey believe insyd previous revelations, such as de Tawrat (de Torah), de Zabur (Psalms), den de Injil (Gospel). Dem dey believe say [[Muhammad]] be de main den final of God ein prophets, thru whom na dem plete de religion. De teachings den normative examples of Muhammad, dem call de Sunnah, wey dem document insyd accounts dem call de hadith, provide a constitutional model give Muslims. Islam dey base for de belief insyd de oneness den uniqueness of God (''tawhid''), den belief insyd an afterlife (''akhirah'') plus de Last Judgment—wherein dem go reward de righteous insyd paradise (''jannah'') den de unrighteous go be punished insyd hell (''jahannam''). De [[Five Pillars of Islam|Five Pillars]], dem consider obligatory acts of worship, be de Islamic oath den creed (''[[shahada]]''), daily prayers (''[[salah]]''), almsgiving (''[[zakat]]''), fasting (''[[Fasting in Islam|sawm]]'') insyd de month of [[Ramadan]], den a pilgrimage (''[[hajj]]'') to Mecca. Islamic law, ''sharia'', dey touch on virtually every aspect of life, from banking den finance den [[Zakat|welfare]] to men den women dema roles den de environment. De two main religious festivals be [[Eid al-Fitr]] den [[Eid al-Adha]]. De three holiest sites insyd Islam be [[Masjid al-Haram]] insyd Mecca, [[Prophet's Mosque]] insyd [[Medina]], den [[al-Aqsa Mosque]] insyd Jerusalem. == Etymology == Insyd Arabic, ''Islam'' (Arabic: إسلام, lit. 'submission [to God]')<ref name="Schimmel">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Schimmel|first=Annemarie|author-link=|title=Islam|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=17 September 2021|url-access=subscription|archive-date=4 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504201633/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/295507/Islam|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Definition of Islam {{!}} Dictionary.com|url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam|access-date=2022-05-09|website=www.dictionary.com|language=en|archive-date=9 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509110220/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/islam|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Haywood|first=John|title=Historical Atlas of the Medieval World (AD 600 - 1492)|publisher=Barnes & Noble, Inc.|year=2002|isbn=0-7607-1975-6|edition=1st|location=Spain|pages=3.13|language=en}}</ref> be de verbal noun of [[wiktionary:أسلم#Arabic|Form IV]] wey dey originate from de verb {{lang|ar|سلم}} (''salama''), from de triliteral root {{lang|ar|س-ل-م}} (''S-L-M''), wich dey form a large class of words wey mostly dey relate to concepts of submission, safeness, den peace.<ref>"[http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm Siin] [https://web.archive.org/web/20110907230044/http://www.studyquran.co.uk/20_SIIN.htm Archived] 7 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine." ''Lane's Lexicon'' 4. </ref> Insyd a religious context, e dey refer to de total surrender to de will of God.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Lewis|first1=Barnard|last2=Churchill|first2=Buntzie Ellis|url=https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi|title=Islam: The Religion and The People|publisher=Wharton School Publishing|year=2009|isbn=978-0-13-223085-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi/page/8 8]}}</ref> A ''Muslim'' ({{lang|ar|مُسْلِم}}), de word give a follower of Islam,<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20190913192608/https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/muslim Muslim]." ''Lexico''. </ref> be de active participle of de same verb form, wey dey mean "submitter (to God)" anaa "one wey dey surrender (to God)". Na Islam einself be historically called ''Mohammedanism'' insyd de English-speaking world. Na dis term fall out of use wey na sometimes dem say e be offensive, as e dey suggest say a human being, rather dan God, be central to Muslims dema religion.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Oxford University Press|last=Gibb|first=Sir Hamilton|title=Mohammedanism: an historical survey|isbn=9780195002454|year=1969|page=1|quote=Modern Muslims dislike the terms Mohammedan and Mohammedanism, which seem to them to carry the implication of worship of Mohammed, as Christian and Christianity imply the worship of Christ.}}</ref> == Articles of faith == De Islamic creed (''aqidah'') dey require belief insyd six articles: God, angels, revelation, prophets, de Day of Resurrection, den de divine predestination.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Sourcebook of the World's Religions: An Interfaith Guide to Religion and Spirituality|publisher=New World Library|pages=68–9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dbSPOoQfu0IC&pg=PA68|editor-first=Joel|editor-last=Beversluis|year=2011|isbn=9781577313328|access-date=15 January 2023|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228022948/https://books.google.com/books?id=dbSPOoQfu0IC&pg=PA68#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> === God === [[File:Istanbul,_Hagia_Sophia,_Allah.jpg|thumb|Calligraphy wey dey show de word [[Allah]] insyd Arabic insyd Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, [[Turkey]]]] De central concept of Islam be ''tawḥīd'' (Arabic: توحيد), de oneness of God. Dem usually think am of as a ''precise monotheism'', buh e sanso be panentheistic insyd Islamic mystical teachings.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/tawhid|title=Tawhid|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=17 September 2021|url-access=subscription|archive-date=7 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107041300/https://www.britannica.com/topic/tawhid|url-status=live}}</ref> Dem dey see God as incomparable den widout multiplicity of persons such as insyd de Christian Trinity, den dey associate multiplicity to God anaa dey attribute God ein attributes to odas as dem dey see am as idolatory, dem call ''shirk''. Thus, Muslims no be iconodules wey dem no dey attribute forms to God. Dem instead dey describe den dey refer God to by chaw names anaa attributes, de most common be ''Ar-Rahmān'' ({{lang|ar|الرحمان}}) wey dey mean "De Entirely Merciful", den ''Ar-Rahīm'' ({{lang|ar|الرحيم}}) wey mean "De Especially Merciful" wich dem dey invoke for de beginning of chaw chapters of de Quran.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Ali|first1=Kecia|title=Islam : the key concepts|url=https://archive.org/details/islamkeyconcepts0000alik|date=2008|publisher=Routledge|last2=Leaman|first2=Oliver|isbn=978-0-415-39638-7|location=London|oclc=123136939}}</ref> Islam dey teach dat na de creation of everything insyd de universe be brought into being by God ein command as expressed by de wording, "Be, and it is,"<ref name="Schimmel">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Schimmel|first=Annemarie|author-link=|title=Islam|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=17 September 2021|url-access=subscription|archive-date=4 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504201633/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/295507/Islam|url-status=live}}</ref> den dat de purpose of existence be make dem worship God.<ref>Leeming, David. </ref> Dem dey view am as a personal god wey der be no intermediaries, such as clergy, make dem contact God. Dem dey refer to consciousness den awareness of God as Taqwa. ''Allāh'' be a term plus no plural anaa gender being dem ascribe to am wey e sanso be used by Muslims den Arabic-speaking Christians den Jews in reference to God, whereas ''ʾilāh'' (إله) be a term dem use for a deity anaa a god for general.<ref>{{cite web|title=God|url=https://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithgod.html|access-date=18 December 2010|website=Islam: Empire of Faith|publisher=PBS|archive-date=27 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140327034958/http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithgod.html|url-status=live}}</ref> === Angels === [[File:Rashid_al-Din_Tabib_-_Jami_al-Tawarikh,_f.45v_detail_-_c._1306-15.png|thumb|Muhammad dey receive ein first revelation from de angel Gabriel. From de manuscript Jami' al-Tawarikh by Rashid-al-Din Hamadani, 1307.]] Angels (Arabic: ملك, malak) be beings dem describe insyd de Quran den hadith. Dem be described as dem create dem mke dem worship God den make dem sanso serve in oda specific duties such as make dem dey communicate revelations from God, dey record every person ein actions, den dey take a person ein soul at de time of death. Dem dey describe dem as dem create dem variously from 'light' (''nūr'')<ref>"[https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/nur Nūr] [https://web.archive.org/web/20220423085030/https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/nur Archived] 23 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine,"''The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions''. </ref> anaa 'fire' (''nār''). Dem often dey represent Islamic angels insyd anthropomorphic forms dem combine plus supernatural images, such as wings, e be of great size anaa wearing heavenly articles. Common characteristics for angels dey include a lack of bodily needs den desires, such as eating den drinking. Sam of dem, such as Gabriel (''Jibrīl'') den Michael (''Mika'il''), dem mention by name insyd de Quran. Angels dey play a significant role insyd literature about de Mi'raj, wer Muhammad encounters chaw angels during ein journey thru de heavens. Na dem often feature further angels insyd Islamic eschatology, theology den philosophy. === Scriptures === [[File:Qur'an_and_Rehal.jpg|right|thumb|A [[Quran]] manuscript wey dey rest for a rehal top, a book rest for de holy text]] De pre-eminent holy text of Islam be de [[Quran]]. Muslims dey believe say na dem reveal de verses of de Quran to Muhammad by God, thru de archangel Gabriel, for chaw occasions between 610&nbsp;CE<ref>{{Cite book|last=Watt|first=William Montgomery|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC&pg=PA5|title=Islam and the Integration of Society|date=2003|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=978-0-415-17587-6|pages=5|access-date=15 June 2021|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228022949/https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC&pg=PA5#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> den 632, de year Muhammad die. While na Muhammad dey alive, na dem wrep down dese revelations by ein companions, although na de primary method of transmission be orally thru memorization.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Al Faruqi|first1=Lois Ibsen|author-link=|year=1987|title=The Cantillation of the Qur'an|journal=Society for Asian Music{{!}}Asian Music|issue=Autumn – Winter 1987|pages=3–4}}</ref> Dem divide de Quran into 114 chapters (''sūrah'') wich dey contain a combined 6,236 verses (''āyāt''). De chronologically earlier chapters, dem reveal for Mecca, be concerned primarily plus spiritual topics, while de later Medinan chapters dey discuss more social den legal issues relevant to de Muslim community.<ref name="Schimmel">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Schimmel|first=Annemarie|author-link=|title=Islam|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=17 September 2021|url-access=subscription|archive-date=4 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504201633/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/295507/Islam|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Ringgren">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Ringgren|first=Helmer|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Quran|title=Qurʾān|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=17 September 2021|url-access=subscription|archive-date=5 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505001543/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/487666/Quran|url-status=live}}</ref> Muslim jurists dey consult de ''hadith'' ('accounts'), anaa de written record of Muhammad ein life, to both supplement de Quran den assist plus ein interpretation. De science of Quranic commentary den exegesis be known as ''tafsir''.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/tafsir|title=Tafsīr|access-date=17 September 2021|url-access=subscription|archive-date=19 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019035210/https://www.britannica.com/topic/tafsir|url-status=live}}</ref> For addition to ein religious significance, de Quran be widely regarded as de finest work insyd Arabic literature,<ref>{{cite book|first=Alan|last=Jones|location=London|publisher=Charles E. Tuttle Company|year=1994|page=[https://archive.org/details/koran0000unse_i5u8/page/n32 1]|title=The Koran|url=https://archive.org/details/koran0000unse_i5u8|quote="Its outstanding literary merit should also be noted: it is by far, the finest work of Arabic prose in existence."|isbn=1842126091}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first=Arthur|last=Arberry|title=The Koran Interpreted|location=London|publisher=Allen & Unwin|year=1956|quote="It may be affirmed that within the literature of the Arabs, wide and fecund as it is both in poetry and in elevated prose, there is nothing to compare with it."|page=191|isbn=0684825074}}</ref> wey na e influence art den de Arabic language.<ref>Kadi, Wadad, and Mustansir Mir. </ref> Islam sanso dey hold say na God send revelations, dem call ''wahy'', to different prophets chaw times thru out history. However, Islam dey teach say na parts of de previously revealed scriptures, such as de ''Tawrat'' (Torah) den de ''Injil'' (Gospel), cam be distorted—either insyd interpretation, insyd text, anaa both, while de Quran (lit. 'Recitation') be viewed as de final, verbatim den unaltered word of God.<ref name="Ringgren">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Ringgren|first=Helmer|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Quran|title=Qurʾān|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=17 September 2021|url-access=subscription|archive-date=5 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505001543/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/487666/Quran|url-status=live}}</ref> === Prophets === [[File:Medieval_Persian_manuscript_Muhammad_leads_Abraham_Moses_Jesus.jpg|left|thumb|A 15th century Persian miniature wey dey depict [[Muhammad]] wey dey lead Abraham, Moses, Jesus den oda prophets insyd prayer]] Prophets (Arabic: أنبياء, anbiyāʾ) dem dey believe ebe God wey choose dem make dem preach a divine message. Sam of dese prophets additionally deliver a new book wey dem be called "messengers" (رسول‎, rasūl). Muslims dey believe prophets be human wey dem no be divine. Dem say na all of de prophets preach de same basic message of Islam – submission to de will of God – to various nations insyd de past, wey dem say dis dey account for chaw similarities among religions. De Quran dey recount de names of chaw figures dem consider prophets insyd Islam, wey dey include Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses den Jesus, among odas.<ref name="Schimmel">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Schimmel|first=Annemarie|author-link=|title=Islam|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Islam|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=17 September 2021|url-access=subscription|archive-date=4 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504201633/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/295507/Islam|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Reeves|first=J. C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WNId86Eu4TEC|title=Bible and Qurʼān: Essays in scriptural intertextuality|publisher=Brill|year=2004|isbn=90-04-12726-7|location=Leiden|page=177|access-date=21 August 2019|archive-date=19 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419164019/https://books.google.com/books?id=WNId86Eu4TEC|url-status=live}}</ref> De stories dem associate plus de prophets beyond de Quranic accounts be collected den explored insyd de ''Qisas al-Anbiya'' (Stories of de Prophets). === Resurrection den judgment === [[File:Syria,_Damascus,_The_Umayyad_Mosque.jpg|thumb|De Umayyad Mosque insyd Damascus, wer according to Islamic tradition Isa (Jesus, dem see am as an Islamic prophet) go appear close to de Day of Judgment]] Belief insyd de "Day of Resurrection" anaa ''Yawm al-Qiyāmah'' (Arabic: يوم القيامة) sanso be crucial give Muslims. Ebe believe dat de time of ''Qiyāmah'' be preordained by God, buh unknown to man. De Quran den de hadith, as well as de commentaries of scholars, dey describe de trials den tribulations wey dey precede den during de ''Qiyāmah''. De Quran dey emphasize bodily resurrection, a break from de pre-Islamic Arabian understanding of death. === Divine predestination === The concept of divine predestination in Islam (Arabic: القضاء والقدر, ''al-qadāʾ wa l-qadar'') dey mean dat every matter, good anaa bad, dem dey believe e be decreed by God. ''Al-qadar'', wey dey mean "power", dey derive from a root wey dey mean "to measure" anaa "calculating".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freeweb.hu/etymological/AEDweb.htm|date=2002|title=Andras Rajki's A. E. D. (Arabic Etymological Dictionary)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111208204654/http://www.freeweb.hu/etymological/AEDweb.htm|archive-date=8 December 2011|access-date=13 November 2020}}</ref><ref>Cohen-Mor (2001): "The idea of predestination is reinforced by the frequent mention of events 'being written' or 'being in a book' before they happen": Say: "Nothing will happen to us except what Allah has decreed for us..."</ref><ref>Karamustafa, Ahmet T. "Fate". In McAuliffe (n.d.): The verb ''qadara'' literally means "to measure, to determine". Here it is used to mean that "God measures and orders his creation".</ref><ref>Gardet, L. "al-Ḳaḍāʾ Wa 'l-Ḳadar". In Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.) (2012). {{doi|10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0407}}</ref> Muslims often dey express dis belief in divine destiny plus de phrase "In-sha-Allah" (Arabic: إن شاء الله) wey dey mean "if God wills" wen speaking for future events.<ref>{{cite web|title=Muslim beliefs – Al-Qadr|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z43pfcw/revision/4|access-date=13 November 2020|publisher=BBC|work=Bitesize – GCSE – Edexcel|archive-date=15 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115112558/https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z43pfcw/revision/4|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Category:2025 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] == Acts of worship == Der be five acts of worship wey dem consider duties–de [[Shahada]] (declaration of faith), de [[Salah|five daily prayers]], [[Zakat]] (almsgiving), [[Fasting in Islam|fasting]] during [[Ramadan]], den de [[Hajj]] pilgrimage–dem collectively know as "De Pillars of Islam" (''Arkān al-Islām'').<ref name="www.britannica.com-2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pillars-of-Islam|title=Pillars of Islam &#124; Islamic Beliefs & Practices &#124; Britannica|website=www.britannica.com|date=3 May 2023|access-date=16 December 2021|archive-date=5 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905102524/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pillars-of-Islam|url-status=live}}</ref> For addition, Muslims sanso dey perform oda optional supererogatory acts wey dem encourage buh dem no consider e be duties.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=ZAROUG|first=ABDULLAHI HASSAN|date=1985|title=THE CONCEPT OF PERMISSION, SUPEREROGATORY ACTS AND ASETICISM &#91;sic&#93; IN ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20847307|journal=Islamic Studies|volume=24|issue=2|pages=167–180|jstor=20847307|issn=0578-8072|access-date=7 January 2023|archive-date=7 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207140013/https://www.jstor.org/stable/20847307|url-status=live}}</ref> === Declaration of faith === [[File:Silver_Rupee_Akbar.jpg|right|thumb|Silver coin of de Mughal Emperor Akbar, c. 16th century, dem inscribe am plus de ''Shahadah'']] De [[Shahada|shahadah]] be an oath wey dey declare belief insyd Islam. De expanded statement be "''ʾašhadu ʾal-lā ʾilāha ʾillā-llāhu wa ʾašhadu ʾanna muħammadan rasūlu-llāh''" (أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وأشهد أن محمداً رسول الله), anaa, "I dey testify say der be no deity except God wey I dey testify say Muhammad be de messenger of God."<ref>Mohammad, N. 1985. </ref> Dem dey sam times argue Islam get a very simple creed wey de shahada be de premise for de rest of de religion. Dem dey require Non-Muslims wey dey wish make dem convert to Islam make dem recite de shahada in front of witnesses.<ref>Galonnier, Juliette. </ref> === Prayer === [[File:Mosque.jpg|thumb|Muslim men wey dey prostrate insyd prayer, for de Umayyad Mosque, Damascus]] Prayer insyd Islam, dem call [[Salah|as-salah]] anaa aṣ-ṣalāt (Arabic: الصلاة), be seen as a personal communication plus God wey e dey consist of repeating units dem call rakat wey dey include bowing den prostrating to God. Der be five timed prayers each day wey dem be considered duties. Dem dey recite de prayers insyd de Arabic language wey dem dey perform am insyd de direction of de [[Kaaba]]. De act sanso dey require a state of ritual purity dem achieve by means of either a routine ''wudu'' ritual wash anaa, in certain circumstances, a ''ghusl'' full body ritual wash. A mosque be a place of worship give Muslims, wey dem often refer to am by ein Arabic name ''masjid''. Although de primary purpose of de mosque be make e serve as a place of prayer, e sanso be an important social centre give de Muslim community. For example, de [[Prophet's Mosque|Masjid an-Nabawi]] ("Prophetic Mosque") insyd Medina, Saudi Arabia, na dem used make e sanso serve as a shelter give de poor.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last=Mattson|first=Ingrid|year=2006|title=Women, Islam, and Mosques|pages=615–629|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America|series=Volume 2, Part VII. Islam|editor1=R. S. Keller|name-list-style=and|editor2=R. R. Ruether|place=Bloomington and Indianapolis|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-34687-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WPILfbtT5tQC&pg=PA615|access-date=2 October 2021|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023019/https://books.google.com/books?id=WPILfbtT5tQC&pg=PA615#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> Minarets be towers dem use take call de adhan, a vocal call make e signal de prayer time.<ref>Pedersen, J., R. Hillenbrand, J. Burton-Page, et al. 2010. </ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/mosque|title=Mosque|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=17 September 2021|url-access=subscription|archive-date=28 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210928065350/https://www.britannica.com/topic/mosque|url-status=live}}</ref> === Almsgiving === [[File:Slot_at_the_Zaouia_Moulay_Idriss_II_1.jpg|thumb|A slot for giving zakat for de Zawiya of Moulay Idris II insyd Fez, Morocco]] [[Zakat]] (Arabic: زكاة, ''zakāh''), dem sanso spell am ''Zakāt'' anaa ''Zakah'', be a type of almsgiving characterize by de giving of a fixed portion (2.5% annually)<ref>Ahmed, Medani, and Sebastian Gianci. </ref> of accumulated wealth by those wey fi afford make dem help de poor anaa needy, such as for freeing captives, those insyd debt, anaa for (stranded) travellers, den for those dem employ make dem collect zakat. E dey act as a form of welfare insyd Muslim societies.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ariff|first=Mohamed|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NP4ZL0TJ9s4C&pg=PA55|title=The Islamic Voluntary Sector in Southeast Asia: Islam and the Economic Development of Southeast Asia|publisher=Institute of Southeast Asian Studies|year=1991|isbn=978-981-3016-07-1|pages=55–|access-date=7 October 2017|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023007/https://books.google.com/books?id=NP4ZL0TJ9s4C&&pg=PA55|url-status=live}}</ref> Ebe considered a religious obligation say de well-off owe de needy secof dema wealth be seen as a trust from God ein bounty,<ref>: This is not regarded as charity because it is not really voluntary but instead is owed, by those who have received their wealth as a trust from God's bounty, to the poor.</ref> wey ebe seen as a purification of one ein excess wealth.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=RoutledgeCurzon|isbn=9780415297967|title=Major World Religions: From Their Origins to the Present.|location=United Kingdom|year=2003|last=Ridgeon|first=Lloyd|url=https://archive.org/details/majorworldreligi0000unse|page=[https://archive.org/details/majorworldreligi0000unse/page/258 258]|quote=Aside from its function of purifying believers' wealth, the payment of zakat may have contributed in no small way to the economic welfare of the Muslim community in Mecca.}}</ref> De total annual value dem contribute secof zakat be 15 times greater dan global humanitarian aid donations, wey dem dey use conservative estimates.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1 June 2012|title=A faith-based aid revolution in the Muslim world|work=The New Humanitarian|url=https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/95564/analysis-faith-based-aid-revolution-muslim-world|access-date=27 August 2023|archive-date=14 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114014900/https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/95564/analysis-faith-based-aid-revolution-muslim-world|url-status=live}}</ref> Sadaqah, as opposed to Zakat, be a much-encouraged optional charity.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Said|first=Abdul Aziz|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4bs7g0O4eLYC&pg=PA145|title=Contemporary Islam: Dynamic, Not Static|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2006|isbn=978-0-415-77011-8|page=145|display-authors=etal|access-date=7 October 2017|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023121/https://books.google.com/books?id=4bs7g0O4eLYC&pg=PA145|url-status=live}}</ref> A waqf be a perpetual charitable trust, wich dey finance hospitals den schools insyd Muslim societies.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hudson|first=A.|title=Equity and Trusts|year=2003|edition=3rd|page=32|location=London|publisher=Cavendish Publishing|isbn=1-85941-729-9}}</ref> === Fasting === [[File:Iftar_for_Ramadhan.jpg|thumb|A fast-breaking feast, dem know as ''[[Iftar]]'', be served traditionally plus dates.]] Insyd Islam, fasting (Arabic: صوم, ''ṣawm'') dey preclude chow den drink, as well as oda forms of consumption, such as smoking, wey dem dey perform am from dawn to sunset. During de month of [[Ramadan]], dem dey consider am a duty give Muslims make dem fast.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ramadan|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ramadan|access-date=2023-08-16|website=www.britannica.com|language=en|archive-date=9 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009215438/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ramadan|url-status=live}}</ref> De fast be make e encourage a feeling of nearness to God by restraining oneself for God ein sake from wat be otherwise permissible den to think of de needy. For addition, der be oda days, such as de [[Day of Arafah]], wen fasting be optional.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Tughra Books|isbn=9781597846110|title=Fasting In Islam And The Month Of Ramadan|location=United States|year=2006|last=Ramadanali|url=|page=51|quote=}}</ref> === Pilgrimage === [[File:A_packed_house_-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg|right|thumb|Pilgrims for de [[Masjid al-Haram|Great Mosque of Mecca]] during de [[Hajj]] season]] De Islamic pilgrimage, dem call de ''ḥajj'' (Arabic: حج), e for be done at least once a lifetime by every Muslim plus de means to do so during de Islamic month of Dhu al-Hijjah. Rituals of de Hajj mostly imitate de story of de family of Abraham. Insyd Mecca, pilgrims walk seven times around de [[Kaaba]], wich Muslims dey believe Abraham build as a place of worship, wey dem dey walk seven times between Mount Safa den Marwa, wey dem dey recount de steps of Abraham ein wifey, Hagar, wey na she dey look for water for ein baby Ishmael insyd de desert before Mecca develope into a settlement.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Hajj|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Online}}</ref> De pilgrimage sanso involve spending a day praying den worshipping insyd de plain of Mount Arafat as well as symbolically stoning de Devil.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Peters|first=F.E.|title=Islam: A Guide for Jews and Christians|date=2009|isbn=978-1-4008-2548-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HYJ2c9E9IM8C&pg=PA19|page=20|publisher=Princeton University Press|access-date=7 October 2014|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023112/https://books.google.com/books?id=HYJ2c9E9IM8C&pg=PA19#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> All Muslim men dey wear two simple white unstitched pieces of cloth per dem call ihram, wey intend make e bring continuity thru generations den uniformity among pilgrims despite class anaa origin.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cornell|first=Vincent J.|title=Voices of Islam: Voices of tradition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g5LNUS0ciAAC&pg=PA29|access-date=26 August 2012|year=2007|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-275-98733-6|page=29}}</ref> Anoda form of pilgrimage, Umrah, be optional wey e fi be undertaken for any time of de year. Oda sites of Islamic pilgrimage be Medina, wer na Muhammad die, as well as Jerusalem, a city of chaw Islamic prophets den de site of [[Al-Aqsa]], wich na ebe de direction of prayer before Mecca.<ref>{{cite book|author=Michigan Consortium for Medieval and Early Modern Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p44kAQAAMAAJ|title=The Meeting of Two Worlds: Cultural Exchange Between East and West During the Period of the Crusades|publisher=Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University|year=1986|isbn=0918720583|editor1=Goss, V. P.|volume=21|page=208|editor2=Bornstein, C. V.|access-date=15 January 2023|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023032/https://books.google.com/books?id=p44kAQAAMAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Trofimov, Yaroslav. </ref> === Oda acts of worship === [[File:Men_reading_the_Koran_in_Umayyad_Mosque,_Damascus,_Syria.jpg|thumb|Muslim men wey dey read de [[Quran]] insyd de Umayyad Mosque of Damascus]] Muslims dey recite den memorize de whole anaa parts of de Quran as acts of virtue. Tajwid dey refer to de set of rules for de proper elocution of de Quran.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=|isbn=|title=Foundation of Tajweed|location=|year=2013|edition=2|last=Aboo Yahyaa|url=|page=1|quote=}}</ref> Chaw Muslims recite de whole Quran during de month of Ramadan. Dem dey call one wey memorize de whole Quran a ''hafiz'' ("memorizer"), den hadiths dey mention dat dese individuals go be able make dem intercede for odas on Judgment Day. Supplication to God, dem call insyd Arabic ''duʿāʾ'' (Arabic: دعاء) e get ein own etiquette such as dey raise hands as if begging.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Brill|isbn=9789004335523|title=The Quṣṣāṣ of Early Islam|location=Netherlands|year=2016|last=Armstrong|first=Lyall|url=|page=184|quote=}}</ref> Remembrance of God (ذكر, ''Dhikr''') dey refer to phrases dem repeat wey dey reference God. Commonly, dis dey include Tahmid, dey declare praise be due to God (الحمد لله, ''al-Ḥamdu lillāh'') during prayer anaa wen one dey feel thankful, Tasbih, dey declare glory to God during prayer anaa wen insyd awe of sam thing den dey say 'insys de name of God' (بسملة, ''basmalah'') before dey start an act such as eating.<ref>{{Cite web|title=alhamdulillah|url=https://www.lexico.com/definition/alhamdulillah|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227042540/https://www.lexico.com/definition/alhamdulillah|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 27, 2020|access-date=2021-10-16|website=Lexico}}</ref> == History == === Muhammad den de beginning of Islam (570–632) === [[File:Hira_Cave.jpg|thumb|Cave of Hira]] According to Islamic tradition, na dem born Muhammad insyd [[Mecca]] insyd 570 CE wey na he be orphaned early insyd life. Growing up as a trader, he cam be known as de "trusted one" (Arabic: الامين) wey na dem sought after as an impartial arbitrator. He later marry ein employer, de businesswoman Khadija. Insyd de year 610 CE, troubled by de moral decline den idolatry prevalent insyd Mecca den dey seek seclusion den spiritual contemplation, na Muhammad retreat to de Cave of Hira insyd de mountain Jabal al-Nour, near Mecca. Na ebe during ein time insyd de cave wey na dem say he receive de first revelation of de [[Quran]] from de angel Gabriel. De event of Muhammad ein retreat to de cave den subsequent revelation be known as de "Night of Power" (''[[Laylat al-Qadr]]'') wey ebe considered a significant event insyd Islamic history. During de next 22 years of ein life, from age 40 dey go, Muhammad continue dey receive revelations from God, wey he cam turn de last anaa seal of de prophets dem send to mankind.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Muhammad|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica Online}}</ref> === Early Islamic period (632–750) === [[File:Mohammad_adil-Rashidun_empire-slide.gif|right|thumb|Expansion of Rashidun Caliphate]] [[File:Dome_of_the_Rock1.jpg|thumb|Dome of the Rock insyd Jerusalem wey caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan build; dem plete for de end of de Second Fitna]] Muhammad die insyd 632 den de first successors, dem call Caliphs – Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman ibn al-Affan, Ali ibn Abi Talib den sometimes Hasan ibn Ali<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Melchert|first1=Christopher|date=2020|contribution=The Rightly Guided Caliphs: The Range of Views Preserved in Ḥadīth|editor1-last=al-Sarhan|editor1-first=Saud|title=Political Quietism in Islam: Sunni and Shi'i Practice and Thought|location=London and New York|publisher=I.B. Tauris|isbn=978-1-83860-765-4|pages=70–71|contribution-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=96TDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA63|access-date=17 February 2022|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228023957/https://books.google.com/books?id=96TDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA63#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> – be known insyd Sunni Islam as ''al-khulafā' ar-rāshidūn'' ("Rightly Guided Caliphs"). Na sam tribes lef Islam wey dem rebel under leaders wey declare demaselves new prophets buh na dem be crushed by Abu Bakr insyd de Ridda wars. === Classical era (750–1258) === Na Al-Shafi'i codify a method make he determine de reliability of [[hadith]]. During de early Abbasid era, na scholars such as Muhammad al-Bukhari den Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj compile de major Sunni hadith collections while scholars like Al-Kulayni den Ibn Babawayh compile major Shia hadith collections. De four Sunni Madh'habs, de Hanafi, Hanbali, Maliki, den Shafi'i, na dem be established around de teachings of Abū Ḥanīfa, Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Malik ibn Anas den al-Shafi'i. === Pre-modern era (1258 – 18th century) === [[File:GhazanConversionToIslam.JPG|right|thumb|Ghazan Khan, 7{{sup|th}} Ilkhanate ruler of de Mongol Empire, converts to Islam. 14th-century depiction]] Thru Muslim trade networks den de activity of Sufi orders, Islam spread into new areas<ref>{{cite web|title=The Spread of Islam|url=http://www.yale.edu/yup/pdf/cim6.pdf|access-date=2 November 2013|archive-date=3 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103220022/http://www.yale.edu/yup/pdf/cim6.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> wey Muslims assimilate into new cultures. Under de Ottoman Empire, na Islam spread to Southeast Europe.<ref>{{cite web|date=6 May 2008|title=Ottoman Empire|publisher=Oxford Islamic Studies Online|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e1801?_hi=41&_pos=3|access-date=26 August 2010|archive-date=10 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220610093907/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e1801?_hi=41|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na conversion to Islam often involve a degree of syncretism,<ref>{{Cite book|title=Islamic and European Expansion|url=https://archive.org/details/islamiceuropeane00adas|publisher=Temple University Press|year=1993|editor-last=Adas|editor-first=Michael|location=Philadelphia|page=[https://archive.org/details/islamiceuropeane00adas/page/25 25]}}</ref> as dem illustrate by Muhammad ein appearance insyd Hindu folklore.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Metcalf|first=Barbara|title=Islam in South Asia in Practice|url=https://archive.org/details/islaminsouthasia0000unse|publisher=Princeton University Press|year=2009|page=[https://archive.org/details/islaminsouthasia0000unse/page/104 104]}}</ref> Na Muslim Turks incorporate elements of Turkish Shamanism beliefs to Islam.Muslims insyd Ming Dynasty China wey na dem descende from earlier immigrants na dem be assimilated, sam times thru laws wey dey mandate assimilation,<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Farmer|editor1-first=Edward L.|title=Zhu Yuanzhang and Early Ming Legislation: The Reordering of Chinese Society Following the Era of Mongol Rule|date=1995|publisher=BRILL|isbn=9004103910|page=82|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TCIjZ7l6TX8C&pg=PA82|access-date=19 February 2023|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024330/https://books.google.com/books?id=TCIjZ7l6TX8C&pg=PA82#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> by adopting Chinese names den culture while Nanjing cam turn an important centre of Islamic study.<ref>Israeli, Raphael (2002). </ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Dillon|first=Michael|year=1999|title=China's Muslim Hui Community|publisher=Curzon|url=https://archive.org/details/chinasmuslimhuic00dill|isbn=978-0-7007-1026-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/chinasmuslimhuic00dill/page/n62 37]|url-access=registration}}</ref> === Modern era (18th–20th centuries) === [[File:Portrait_Caliph_Abdulmecid_II.jpg|right|thumb|Abdülmecid II, de last Caliph from de Ottoman dynasty.]] Earlier insyd de 14th century, na Ibn Taymiyya promote a puritanical form of Islam,<ref name="ReferenceA">Mary Hawkesworth, Maurice Kogan ''Encyclopedia of Government and Politics: 2-volume set'' Routledge 2013 {{ISBN|978-1-136-91332-7}} pp. 270–271</ref> wey dey reject philosophical approaches in favour of simpler theology,<ref name="ReferenceA" /> wey he call to open de gates of itjihad rather dan blind imitation of scholars. Na he call for a jihad against those he deem heretics,<ref>Richard Gauvain ''Salafi Ritual Purity: In the Presence of God'' Routledge 2013 {{ISBN|978-0-7103-1356-0}} p. 6</ref> buh na ein writings only play a marginal role during ein lifetime.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Spevack|first=Aaron|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=htx8BAAAQBAJ|title=The Archetypal Sunni Scholar: Law, Theology, and Mysticism in the Synthesis of al-Bajuri|date=2014|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn=978-1-4384-5371-2|pages=129–130|access-date=10 December 2018|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024415/https://books.google.com/books?id=htx8BAAAQBAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> === Contemporary era (20th century–present) === [[File:13._Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference.jpg|right|thumb|Leaders of Muslim countries during session of de Islamic Summit Conference insyd Istanbul, Turkey]] Forerunners of Islamic modernism influence Islamist political movements such as the Muslim Brotherhood den related parties insyd de Arab world,<ref>{{Cite news|date=9 August 2011|title=Are secular forces being squeezed out of Arab Spring?|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14447820|access-date=10 August 2011|archive-date=4 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104171024/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14447820|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Slackman|first=Michael|date=23 December 2008|title=Jordanian students rebel, embracing conservative Islam|work=New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/24/world/middleeast/24jordan.html|access-date=15 August 2011|archive-date=4 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104153440/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/24/world/middleeast/24jordan.html|url-status=live}}</ref> wich perform well in elections dey follow de Arab Spring,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kirkpatrick|first=David D.|date=3 December 2011|title=Egypt's vote puts emphasis on split over religious rule|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/04/world/middleeast/egypts-vote-propels-islamic-law-into-spotlight.html|access-date=8 December 2011|archive-date=4 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104153442/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/04/world/middleeast/egypts-vote-propels-islamic-law-into-spotlight.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Jamaat-e-Islami insyd South Asia den de AK Party, wich na democratically dey power insyd Turkey for decades. == Demographics == As of 2020, about 24% of de global population, anaa about 1.9&nbsp;billion people, be Muslims.<ref name="www.pewresearch.org-2022"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/|title=The Future of the Global Muslim Population|date=27 January 2011|access-date=26 October 2022|archive-date=30 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930233955/https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/08/09/muslims-and-islam-key-findings-in-the-u-s-and-around-the-world/|title=Muslims and Islam: Key findings in the U.S. and around the world|date=9 August 2017|access-date=19 December 2022|archive-date=8 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108121140/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/08/09/muslims-and-islam-key-findings-in-the-u-s-and-around-the-world/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Lipka, Michael, and Conrad Hackett. </ref> Instd 1900, na dis estimate be 12.3%,<ref>David B. Barrett, George T. Kurian, and Todd M. Johnson, World Christian Encyclopedia: A comparative survey of churches and religions in the modern world, Vol. </ref> insyd 1990 na ebe 19.9%<ref name="Pew Research Center-2011">{{Cite report|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/|title=The Future of the Global Muslim Population|date=27 January 2011|publisher=Pew Research Center|access-date=27 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110209094904/http://www.pewforum.org/The-Future-of-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx|archive-date=9 February 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> den projections suggest de proportion go be 29.7% by 2050.<ref name="pew2015">Pew Forum for Religion & Public Life. </ref> Pew Research dey estimate dat 87–90% of Muslims be Sunni wey 10–13% be Shia. Approximately 49 countries be Muslim-majority,<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Ba-Yunus|first1=Ilyas|title=Muslims in the United States|last2=Kone, Kassim|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2006|page=[https://archive.org/details/muslimsunitedsta00bayu/page/n186 172]|url=https://archive.org/details/muslimsunitedsta00bayu|url-access=registration|isbn=978-0-313-32825-1}}</ref><ref>The Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life. </ref><ref>{{cite web|date=7 March 2018|title=Islam in Russia|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2018/3/7/islam-in-russia/|access-date=15 June 2021|website=Al Jazeera|publisher=Anadolu News Agency|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024349/https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/features/2018/3/7/islam-in-russia|url-status=live}}</ref> plus 62% of de world ein Muslims dey live insyd Asia, den 683 million adherents insyd Indonesia,<ref>Pew Forum for Religion and Public Life. </ref> Pakistan, India, den Bangladesh alone.<ref>{{cite web|title=Secrets of Islam|url=https://www.usnews.com/usnews/graphics/religion/islams_global_reach.htm|access-date=24 September 2013|website=U.S. News & World Report|archive-date=22 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110122200555/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/graphics/religion/islams_global_reach.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Pechilis|first1=Karen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C|title=South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today|last2=Raj|first2=Selva J.|date=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-44851-2|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C&pg=PA193 193]|access-date=3 May 2019|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024331/https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C|url-status=live}}</ref> Arab Muslims dey form de largest ethnic group among Muslims insyd de world,<ref>Margaret Kleffner Nydell [https://books.google.com/books?id=ZNoiieefqAcC Understanding Arabs: A Guide For Modern Times] [https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024737/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZNoiieefqAcC Archived] 28 December 2023 at the Wayback Machine, Intercultural Press, 2005, {{ISBN|1931930252}}, page xxiii, 14</ref> follow by Bengalis<ref>{{cite book|author=Richard Eaton|editor=Barbara D. Metcalf|title=Islam in South Asia in Practice|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pR0LzVCpfw8C|date=8 September 2009|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-3138-8|page=275|chapter=Forest Clearing and the Growth of Islam in Bengal}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=haGORCJRlOUC&pg=PA50|title=The Bangladesh Reader: History, Culture, Politics|author1=Meghna Guhathakurta|author2=Willem van Schendel|page=50|date=30 April 2013|publisher=Duke University Press|access-date=7 November 2016|isbn=978-0822353188|archive-date=7 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707092408/https://books.google.com/books?id=haGORCJRlOUC&pg=PA50|url-status=live}}</ref> den Punjabis.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gandhi|first=Rajmohan|title=Punjab: A History from Aurangzeb to Mountbatten|year=2013|page=1|publisher=Aleph Book Company|location=New Delhi, India, Urbana, Illinois|isbn=978-93-83064-41-0}}</ref> Most estimates dey indicate [[China]] get approximately 20 to 30 million Muslims (1.5% to 2% of de population).<ref>{{cite web|work=The World Factbook|title=Explore All Countries – China|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/china/|access-date=15 September 2009|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|archive-date=13 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210213122152/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/china/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=China (includes Hong Kong, Macau, and Tibet)|website=Archived Content|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2006/71338.htm|access-date=24 September 2013|publisher=U.S. Department of State|archive-date=10 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710075050/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2006/71338.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Islam insyd Europe be de second-largest religion after Christianity insyd chaw countries, plus growth rates secof primarily to immigration den higher birth rates of Muslims insyd 2005,<ref>{{Cite news|date=23 December 2005|title=Muslims in Europe: Country guide|work=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4385768.stm|access-date=1 April 2010|archive-date=29 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090929213440/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4385768.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> wey dey account for 4.9% of all of Europe ein population insyd 2016. == Main branches anaa denominations == === Sunni === [[File:Sahih_Al-Bukhari_in_English.png|right|thumb|De nine volumes of Sahih Al-Bukhari, one of de six Sunni hadith books]] Sunni Islam, anaa Sunnism, be de name for de largest denomination insyd Islam.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sunni|title=Sunni|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=17 September 2021|archive-date=30 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150430101807/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/574006/Sunnite|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Sunni Islam|editor-first=John L.|editor-last=Esposito|encyclopedia=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=2014|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e2280|access-date=10 January 2010|archive-date=5 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005013247/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e2280|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Denny, Frederick. </ref> De term be a contraction of de phrase "ahl as-sunna wa'l-jamaat", wich dey mean "people of de sunna (de traditions of Muhammad) den de community".<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Ahl as-Sunnah|encyclopedia=Islam Ansiklopedisi|publisher=Turkish Diyanet Foundation|location=Istanbul|url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/ehl-i-sunnet|last=Yavuz|first=Yusuf Şevki|date=1994|volume=10|pages=525–530|lang=tr|access-date=28 December 2021|archive-date=28 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211228114411/https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/ehl-i-sunnet|url-status=live}}</ref> === Shia === [[File:Nahj_al-Balagha.jpg|thumb|Nahj al-balagha, collection of sermons, letters, den sayings dem attribute to Imam Ali.]] Shia Islam, anaa Shi'ism, be de second-largest Muslim denomination.<ref>{{cite web|title=Field Listing :: Religions|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100706231326/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html|archive-date=6 July 2010|access-date=25 October 2010|website=The World Factbook|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|quote=Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population." ... "Shia Islam represents 10–15% of Muslims worldwide.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sunni|url=https://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/sunni|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614103622/https://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/essays/sunni|archive-date=14 June 2020|access-date=24 May 2020|publisher=Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs|quote=Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam, comprising about 85% of the world's over 1.5 billion Muslims.}}</ref> Shias, anaa Shiites, dey maintain dat Muhammad ein successor as leader, for be from certain descendants of Muhammad ein family dem know as de Ahl al-Bayt den those leaders, dem refer to as Imams, get additional spiritual authority.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Shii|title=Shiʿi|last=Newman|first=Andrew J.|publisher=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=28 December 2021|archive-date=20 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720054917/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Shii|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|year=2004|title=Sunni Islam|encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa|publisher=MacMillan Reference|editor-last=Philip Mattar|edition=2nd|author=Tayeb El-Hibri, Maysam J. al Faruqi}}</ref> Shias be guided by de Ja'fari school of jurisprudence.<ref>{{Cite book|author=John Corrigan, Frederick Denny, Martin S Jaffee, Carlos Eire|year=2011|title=Jews, Christians, Muslims: A Comparative Introduction to Monotheistic Religions|publisher=Cambridge University Press|id=978-0205026340}}</ref> === Muhakkima === Ibadi Islam anaa Ibadism be practised by 1.45&nbsp;million Muslims around de world (~0.08% of all Muslims), chaw of dem insyd Oman.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Robert Brenton Betts|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vFq_KUqqWJMC&pg=PA15|title=The Sunni-Shi'a Divide: Islam's Internal Divisions and Their Global Consequences|date=31 July 2013|isbn=978-1-61234-522-2|pages=14–15|publisher=Potomac Books|access-date=7 January 2015|archive-date=28 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231228024743/https://books.google.com/books?id=vFq_KUqqWJMC&pg=PA15#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> Dem often associate Ibadism plus den viewed as a moderate variation of de kharijites, though Ibadis demaselves object to dis classification. [[File:Islam branches and schools.png|alt=An overview of the major sects and madhahib of Islam|center|An overview of de major sects den ''madhahib'' of Islam]] === Oda denominations === * De Ahmadiyya Movement na ebe founded insyd British India insyd 1889 by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian, wey claim he be de promised Messiah ("Second Coming of Christ"), de Mahdi wey be awaited by de Muslims as well as a "subordinate" prophet to de Islamic prophet Muhammad.<ref name="Upal 2021">{{cite book|author-last=Upal|author-first=M. Afzal|author-link=|title=Handbook of Islamic Sects and Movements|publisher=Brill Publishers|year=2021|isbn=978-90-04-43554-4|editor1-last=Cusack|editor1-first=Carole M.|editor1-link=|series=Brill Handbooks on Contemporary Religion|volume=21|location=Leiden and Boston|pages=637–657|chapter=The Cultural Genetics of the Aḥmadiyya Muslim Jamāʿat|doi=10.1163/9789004435544_034|issn=1874-6691|editor2-last=Upal|editor2-first=M. Afzal|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Turner 2003">{{cite book|last=Turner|first=Richard Brent|title=Islam in the African-American Experience|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=2003|isbn=9780253216304|edition=2nd|location=Bloomington, Indiana and Indianapolis|pages=109–146|chapter=The Ahmadiyya Mission to America: A Multi-Racial Model for American Islam|lccn=|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4XMuLWlTgjMC&pg=PA109}} LCCN 2003009791</ref> * Alevism be a syncretic den heterodox local Islamic tradition, wey ein adherents dey follow de mystical (bāṭenī) teachings of Ali den Haji Bektash Veli.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bektāšīya|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/bektasiya|website=Encyclopaedia Iranica|first1=Hamid|last1=Algar|date=December 15, 1989|access-date=13 February 2019|archive-date=10 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910201955/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/bektasiya|url-status=live}}</ref> * Quranism be a religious movement of Islam base for de belief dat Islamic law den guidance for be based for de [[Quran]] per den no be sunnah anaa Hadith,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Musa|first=Aisha Y.|date=2010|title=The Qur'anists|journal=Religion Compass|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|volume=4|issue=1|pages=12–21|doi=10.1111/j.1749-8171.2009.00189.x}}</ref> plus Quranists notably dey differ insyd dema approach to de [[Five Pillars of Islam|five pillars of Islam]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Musa|first=Aisha Y.|title=The Qur'anists|url=https://www.academia.edu/1035742|journal=Religion Compass|year=2010|language=en|volume=4|issue=1|pages=12–21|doi=10.1111/j.1749-8171.2009.00189.x|issn=1749-8171|access-date=8 June 2021|archive-date=28 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128062123/https://www.academia.edu/1035742|url-status=live}}</ref> === Non-denominational Muslims === Non-denominational Muslims be an umbrella term wey na e be used for den by Muslims wey no dey belong to anaa no dey self-identify plus a specific Islamic denomination.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Benakis|first=Theodoros|date=13 January 2014|title=Islamophoobia in Europe!|work=New Europe|location=Brussels|url=http://neurope.eu/article/islamophobia-europe/|url-status=dead|access-date=20 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131145036/http://neurope.eu/article/islamophobia-europe/|archive-date=31 January 2016|quote=Anyone who has travelled to Central Asia knows of the non-denominational Muslims—those who are neither Shiites nor Sounites, but who accept Islam as a religion generally.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Pollack|first=Kenneth|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=jQGZBAAAQBAJ|page=29}}|title=Unthinkable: Iran, the Bomb, and American Strategy|date=2014|isbn=978-1-4767-3393-7|page=29|publisher=Simon and Schuster|quote=Although many Iranian hardliners are Shi'a chauvinists, Khomeini's ideology saw the revolution as pan-Islamist, and therefore embracing Sunni, Shi'a, Sufi, and other, more nondenominational Muslims}}</ref> == Mysticism == [[File:Mevlana_Konya.jpg|thumb|De Whirling Dervishes, anaa Mevlevi Order by de tomb of Sufi-mystic Rumi]] [[File:Sema_ceremony_many.jpg|thumb|Sufism insyd Konya, [[Turkey]]]] Sufism (Arabic: تصوف, tasawwuf), be a mystical-ascetic approach to Islam wey dey seek to find a direct personal experience of God. Classical Sufi scholars define ''tasawwuf'' as "a science wey ein objective be de reparation of de heart den dey turn am away from all else buh God", thru "intuitive den emotional faculties" wey one for be trained to use. Na Ahmad ibn Ajiba define tasawwuf as "a return to de tradition, wey ein beginning be knowledge, ein middle be action [upon dat knowledge], wey ein end be a gift [from Allah]."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ibn-ʿAǧība|first1=Aḥmad Ibn-Muḥammad|last2=Aresmouk|first2=Mohamed Fouad|last3=Fitzgerald|first3=Michael Abdurrahman|last4=Ibn-ʿAǧība|first4=Aḥmad Ibn-Muḥammad|title=The Book of ascension to the essential truths of Sufism: a lexicon of Sufic terminology = Miʿrāj al-tashawwuf ilā ḥaqāʾiq al-taṣawwuf|date=2011|publisher=Fons Vitae|location=Louisville, KY|isbn=978-1891785849}}</ref> E no be a sect of Islam, wey ein adherents dey belong to de various Muslim denominations. Isma'ilism, wey ein teachings be rooted insyd Gnosticism den Neoplatonism<ref>Andani, Khalil. </ref> as well as by de Illuminationist den Isfahan schools of Islamic philosophy, na dem develop mystical interpretations of Islam.<ref>Aminrazavi, Mehdi. </ref> Hasan al-Basri, de early Sufi ascetic dem often portray as one of de earliest Sufis,<ref>Knysh, Alexander. </ref> emphasize fear of failing God ein expectations of obedience. For contrast, later prominent Sufis, such as Mansur Al-Hallaj den Jalaluddin Rumi, emphasize religiosity based for love towards God. Such devotion sanso get an impact for de arts, plus Rumi still be one of de bestselling poets insyd America.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Haviland|first=Charles|date=30 September 2007|title=The roar of Rumi – 800 years on|work=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7016090.stm|access-date=10 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=1 September 2009|title=Islam: Jalaluddin Rumi|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/art/rumi_1.shtml|access-date=10 August 2011|publisher=BBC}}</ref> Sufis dey see ''tasawwuf'' as an inseparable part of Islam. Traditional Sufis, such as Bayazid Bastami, Jalaluddin Rumi, Haji Bektash Veli, Junaid Baghdadi, den Al-Ghazali, argue give Sufism as e be based upon de tenets of Islam den de teachings of de prophet.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Nasr|first=Seyyed Hossein|url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontois00nasr|access-date=17 January 2015|title=An Introduction to Islamic Cosmological Doctrines|date=1993|isbn=978-0-7914-1515-3|page=[https://archive.org/details/introductiontois00nasr/page/192 192]|publisher=SUNY Press}}</ref> Historian Nile Green argue dat na Islam insyd de medieval period be more anaa less Sufism. Followers of de Sunni revivalist movement dem know as Salafism view popular devotional practices, such as de veneration of Sufi saints, as innovations from de original religion. Na Salafists sam times physically attack Sufis, wey dey lead to a deterioration insyd Sufi–Salafi relations.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|author-last=Cook|author-first=David|author-link=|date=May 2015|title=Mysticism in Sufi Islam|url=https://oxfordre.com/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.001.0001/acrefore-9780199340378-e-51|encyclopedia=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.51|isbn=9780199340378|doi-access=free|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181128012740/http://oxfordre.com/religion/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.001.0001/acrefore-9780199340378-e-51|archive-date=28 November 2018|url-status=live|access-date=15 January 2023}}</ref> Sufi congregations form orders (''tariqa'') centre around a teacher (''wali'') wey dey trace a spiritual chain back to Muhammad.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/583591/tariqa|title=tariqa &#124; Islam|encyclopedia=Britannica.com|date=4 February 2014|access-date=29 May 2015}}</ref> Na Sufis play an important role insyd de formation of Muslim societies thru dema missionary den educational activities.<ref name="EB-Sufism">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Schimmel|first=Annemarie|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sufism|title=Sufism|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=17 September 2021|url-access=subscription}}</ref> De Sufism-influenced Ahle Sunnat movement anaa Barelvi movement dey claim over 200 million followers insyd South Asia.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bowker|first=John|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780192800947|title=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions|year=2000|isbn=978-0-19-280094-7|doi=10.1093/acref/9780192800947.001.0001}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Sanyal|first=Usha|date=1998|url=http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&fid=69415&jid=ASS&volumeId=32&issueId=03&aid=69414|title=Generational Changes in the Leadership of the Ahl-e Sunnat Movement in North India during the Twentieth Century|journal=Modern Asian Studies|volume=32|issue=3|pages=635–656|doi=10.1017/S0026749X98003059|doi-broken-date=1 November 2024}}</ref><ref>– via Oxford Reference.</ref> Sufism be prominent insyd Central Asia,<ref>{{cite web|last=Alvi|first=Farhat|title=The Significant Role of Sufism in Central Asia|url=http://pu.edu.pk/images/journal/uoc/PDF-FILES/(2)%20The%20Significant%20Role%20of%20Sufism%20in%20Central%20Asia%20(Dr.%20Farh.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Johns|first=Anthony H|year=1995|title=Sufism in Southeast Asia: Reflections and Reconsiderations|journal=Journal of Southeast Asian Studies|volume=26|issue=1|pages=169–183|doi=10.1017/S0022463400010560|jstor=20071709|s2cid=154870820}}</ref> as well as insyd African countries like [[Tunisia]], [[Algeria]], [[Morocco]], [[Senegal]], [[Chad]] den [[Niger]].<ref name="Pew">{{cite web|date=9 August 2012|title=Chapter 1: Religious Affiliation|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2012/08/09/the-worlds-muslims-unity-and-diversity-1-religious-affiliation/#identity|access-date=4 September 2013|website=The World's Muslims: Unity and Diversity|publisher=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Babou|first=Cheikh Anta|date=2007|title=Sufism and Religious Brotherhoods in Senegal|journal=International Journal of African Historical Studies|volume=40|issue=1|pages=184–186}}</ref> == Law den jurisprudence == [[File:Madhhab_Map3.png|right|thumb|Islamic schools of law insyd de Muslim world]] Shariah be de body of Islamic religious law.<ref name="Lexico">{{cite web|title=sharia|url=https://www.lexico.com/definition/sharia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200122164555/https://www.lexico.com/definition/sharia|archive-date=22 January 2020|website=Lexico|publisher=Oxford University Press|url-status=dead}}</ref> De desire make dem delineate den discover laws insyd a comprehensive den consistent method lead to de development of de theory of law, dem call fiqh.<ref name="vikor">Vikør, Knut S. 2014. </ref> Conversely, dem dey use bid'ah refer to unlawful innovations insyd matters of religion.<ref>{{cite book|last1=A.C. Brown|first1=Jonathan|author-link=|title=Hadith: Muhammad's Legacy in the Medieval and Modern World ''(Foundations of Islam)''|url=https://archive.org/details/hadithmuhammadsl0000brow|date=2009|publisher=Oneworld Publications|isbn=978-1851686636|page=[https://archive.org/details/hadithmuhammadsl0000brow/page/277 277]}}</ref> Na differing methodologies, dem call principles of fiqh anaa ''Usul al-fiqh'', develop den a school of jurisprudence wey dey arise around a methodology dem know as a ''madhhab'' (Arabic: مذهب). De conformity insyd following of decisions by a religious expert anaa school be called ''taqlid''. De term ''ghair muqallid'' dey refer to those wey no dey use taqlid den, by extension, no get a madhab.<ref>Bharathi, K. S. 1998. </ref> Dem dey call de practice of an individual wey dey interprete law plus independent reasoning ''ijtihad''.<ref name="ODI">{{cite web|editor-link=|editor-last=Esposito|editor-first=John L.|title=Islamic Law|work=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t125/e1107|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203033813/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t125/e1107|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 February 2017|via=Oxford Islamic Studies Online}}</ref> Dem know those wey dey interpret shariah as muftis wey dema legal opinions be called fatwas. De primary sources of Shariah be de Quran den Sunnah.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Esposito|first1=John L.|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=MOmaDq8HKCgC|page=2}}|title=Women in Muslim Family Law|last2=DeLong-Bas|first2=Natana J.|publisher=Syracuse University Press|year=2001|isbn=978-0-8156-2908-5|pages=2–|author-link=|author-link2=}}</ref> A common third source be qiyas (analogical reasoning) wich dem dey use for legal questions wey dem no deal plus literally insyd de Qur’ān anaa Sunnah. Dem go search parallels make dem find de ‘’illah’’, anaa effective cause, wich be de reason behind de existing ruling.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095957640|publisher=Oxford University Press|access-date=1 October 2024|location=Oxford|title=illah}}</ref> For example, from de specific prohibition of wine be deduced a broad prohibition on alcohol as dem share de operative cause dem identify as de mind-altering nature of all alcoholic drinks.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Fairak|first1=A.|title=Analogy (Islamic)|edition=2014|page=56|year=2014|publisher=Springer|location=Boston|isbn=978-1-4614-6085-5|language=English}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Fairak|first=A.|year=2014|title=Analogy (Islamic)|journal=Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion|volume=74|issue=4|pages=531–55|doi=10.1086/353360|s2cid=144315162|issn=0021-1753}}</ref> De Zahiri school dey adhere to strict literalism den thus dey reject qiyas. Consensus of opinion be ijma, while ikhtilaf dey refer to scholarly disagreement. Rulings assign actions to one of five categories dem call ahkam: mandatory (''fard''), recommended (''mustahabb''), permitted (''mubah''), abhorred (''makruh''), den prohibited (''haram'').<ref name="ODI"/><ref name="vikor">Vikør, Knut S. 2014. </ref> == Society == === Religious personages === [[File:Карло_Боссоли._Татарская_школа_для_детей_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb|Crimean Tatar Muslim students (1856)]] === Governance === === Daily den family life === [[File:Salat_Eid_al-Fitr,_Tehran_(113344343).jpg|thumb|Islamic veils dey represent modesty]] === Arts den culture === <gallery class="left"> File:Sixty_Dome_Mosque,Bagerhat.jpg|14th century Sixty Dome Mosque, insyd Khalifatabad, Bangladesh File:Djenne_great_mud_mosque.jpg|Great Mosque of Djenné, insyd de [[West Africa|West African]] country of [[Mali]] File:Closeup_of_Mir-i-Arab_Madrasa.jpg|Dome insyd Po-i-Kalyan, Bukhara, Uzbekistan File:1_great_mosque_xian_2011.JPG|14th century Great Mosque of Xi'an insyd China File:Masjid_Menara_Kudus.jpg|16th century Menara Kudus Mosque insyd Indonesia wey dey show Indian influence File:Basmalah-1wm.svg|De phrase ''Bismillah'' insyd an 18th-century Islamic calligraphy from de Ottoman region File:Roof_hafez_tomb.jpg|Geometric arabesque tiling for de underside of de dome of Hafiz Shirazi's tomb insyd Shiraz, Iran </gallery> == References == <references /> ===Sources=== * {{cite book |last=Ahmed |first=Imad-ad-Dean |title=Signs in the heavens |volume=2 |publisher=Amana Publications |year=2006 |isbn=1-59008-040-8}} * {{cite book |last=Arnold|first=Thomas |title=The Preaching of Islam: A History of the Propagation of the Muslim Faith.|url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.21207|volume= |publisher= |year=1896 |isbn=}} * {{Cite book |last=Bennett |first=Clinton |title=Interpreting the Qur'an: a guide for the uninitiated |url=https://archive.org/details/interpretingqura0000benn |publisher=Continuum International Publishing Group |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-8264-9944-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/interpretingqura0000benn/page/101 101] |author-link=}} * {{cite book |last=Blankinship |first=K. |year=2008 |chapter=The early creed |editor=T. 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(2012) {{doi|10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0387}} * {{Cite encyclopedia |title=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.}} * {{Cite encyclopedia |ref={{harvid|Fahlbusch et al|2001}} |editor-last=Fahlbusch |editor-first=Erwin |display-editors=etal |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=yaecVMhMWaEC}} |title=The Encyclopedia of Christianity |publisher=Brill Publishers |year=2001 |isbn=978-90-04-11695-5 |volume=2}} * {{cite encyclopedia |year=1913–1936 |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam |editor1-last=Houtsma |editor1-first=M.T. |editor2-first=T.W. |editor2-last=Arnold |editor3-first=R. |editor3-last=Basset |editor4-first=R. |editor4-last=Hartmann |edition=1st |place=Leiden |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-08265-6 |ref={{harvid|Encyclopaedia of Islam (1st ed.)|1913–1936}}}} * {{cite encyclopedia |year=2012 |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam |editor-last=Bearman |editor-first=P.J. |issn=1573-3912 |editor2-first=Th. |editor2-last=Bianquis |editor3-first=C.E. |editor3-last=Bosworth |editor4-first=E. |editor4-last=van Donzel |editor5-first=W.P. |editor5-last=Heinrichs |edition=2nd |place=Leiden |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-16121-4 |ref={{harvid|Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.)|2012}}}} * {{Cite encyclopedia |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam Online |publisher=Brill Academic Publishers |editor-last=Bearman |editor-first=P.J. |issn=1573-3912 |editor2-first=Th. |editor2-last=Bianquis |editor3-first=C.E. |editor3-last=Bosworth |editor4-first=E. |editor4-last=van Donzel |editor5-first=W.P. |editor5-last=Heinrichs |ref={{harvid|Encyclopaedia of Islam Online|n.d.}} |year=n.d. |url=https://brill.com/view/package/eio?language=en |url-access=subscription}} * {{Cite encyclopedia |year=2004 |title=Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World |series=Macmillan Reference Books |publisher=Thomson-Gale |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofis0001unse |editor-last=Martin |editor-first=Richard C. |isbn=978-0-02-865603-8}} * {{Cite encyclopedia |title=Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an Online |publisher=Brill Academic Publishers |year=n.d.|editor-first=Jane Dammen|editor-last=McAuliffe}} * {{cite encyclopedia |title=Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān |volume=2 |editor-first=Jane Dammen |editor-last=McAuliffe |publisher=Brill Academic Publishers |year=2002}} * {{cite encyclopedia |title=Encyclopaedia of the Qurʾān |volume=3 |editor-first=Jane Dammen |editor-last=McAuliffe |publisher=Brill Academic Publishers |year=2003}} * {{Cite encyclopedia |title=Encyclopedia of Religious Rites, Rituals, and Festivals |publisher=Routledge |editor-last=Salamone |editor-first=Frank |edition=1st |isbn=978-0-415-94180-8 |series=Routledge Encyclopedias of Religion and Society |volume=6 |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofre00sala |jstor=j.ctt1jd94wq |year=2004 <!-- no bot -->}} * {{Cite encyclopedia |year=2003 |title=The New Encyclopedia of Islam |publisher=AltaMira Press |url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopediao0000glas |editor-last=Glassé |editor-first=Cyril |series=Revised Edition of the Concise Encyclopedia of Islam |isbn=978-0-7591-0190-6 |url-access=registration}} * {{Cite encyclopedia |editor-last=Esposito |editor-first=John |title=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-19-512558-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/oxforddictionary00bada |url-access=registration}} {{doi|10.1093/acref/9780195125580.001.0001}} – via Oxford Reference. * {{Cite encyclopedia |editor-last=Esposito |editor-first=John |year=2004 |title=The Oxford Dictionary of Islam |place=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-975726-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E324pQEEQQcC}} * {{Cite encyclopedia |year=2006 |title=The Qur'an: An Encyclopedia |publisher=Routledge |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=isDgI0-0Ip4C|page=}} |editor-last=Leaman |editor-first=Oliver |isbn=978-0-415-32639-1}} == Read further == * [https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/encyclopedia-of-sahih-al-bukhari-arabic-virtual-translation-center/1134457685?ean=2940160787701 Encyclopedia of Sahih Al-Bukhari] by Arabic Virtual Translation Center (New York 2019, Barnes & Noble {{ISBN|978-0-359-67265-3}}). The foundation of Islam: from revelation to tawhid. * Abdul-Haqq, Abdiyah Akbar (1980). ''Sharing Your Faith with a Muslim''. Minneapolis: Bethany House Publishers. ''N.B''. Presents the genuine doctrines and concepts of Islam and of the Holy Qur'an, and this religion's affinities with Christianity and its Sacred Scriptures, in order to "dialogue" on the basis of what both faiths really teach. {{ISBN|0-87123-553-6}} * {{Cite encyclopedia |year=2008 |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism |publisher=SAGE; Cato Institute |location=Thousand Oaks, CA |last=Ahmad |first=Imad-ad-Dean |title=Islam |author-link= |editor-last=Hamowy |editor-first=Ronald |editor-link= |pages=256–258 |doi=10.4135/9781412965811.n155 |isbn=978-1-4129-6580-4 |lccn= |oclc=750831024 |url={{Google books|yxNgXs3TkJYC|plainurl=yes}} }} LCCN 2008009151 * {{Cite book |last=Akyol |first=Mustafa |url=https://archive.org/details/islamwithoutextr0000akyo |title=Islam Without Extremes |publisher=W.W. Norton & Company |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-393-07086-6 |edition=1st |author-link= }} * {{Cite book |last=Arberry |first=A.J. |url=https://archive.org/details/koraninterpreted00ajar |title=The Koran Interpreted: A Translation |publisher=Touchstone |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-684-82507-6 |edition=1st }} * Cragg, Kenneth (1975). ''The House of Islam'', in ''The Religious Life of Man Series''. Second ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company 1975. xiii, 145 p. {{ISBN|0-8221-0139-4}}. * Hourani, Albert (1991). ''Islam in European Thought''. First pbk. ed. Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, 1992, cop. 1991. xi, 199 p. {{ISBN|0-521-42120-9}}; alternative ISBN on back cover, 0-521-42120-0. * {{Cite book |last1=Khan |first1=Muhammad Muhsin |title=Noble Quran |last2=Al-Hilali Khan |last3=Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din |publisher=Dar-us-Salam Publications |year=1999 |isbn=978-9960-740-79-9 |edition=1st }} * Khanbaghi, A, (2006). ''The Fire, the Star and the Cross: Minority Religions in Medieval and Early Modern Iran''. I. B. Tauris. * Khavari, Farid A. (1990). ''Oil and Islam: the Ticking Bomb''. First ed. Malibu, Calif.: Roundtable Publications. viii, 277 p., ill. with maps and charts. {{ISBN|0-915677-55-5}}. * {{Cite book |title=The Jewish Discovery of Islam: Studies in Honor of Bernard Lewis |url=https://archive.org/details/jewishdiscoveryo0000unse |publisher=Syracuse University Press |year=1999 |isbn=978-965-224-040-8 |editor-last=Kramer |editor-first=Martin }} * {{Cite book |last=Kuban |first=Dogan |title=Muslim Religious Architecture |publisher=Brill Academic Publishers |year=1974 |isbn=978-90-04-03813-4}} * {{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=Bernard |url=https://archive.org/details/islamwest00lewi_0 |title=Islam and the West |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-19-509061-1 }} * {{Cite book |last=Lewis |first=Bernard |url=https://archive.org/details/culturesinconfli0000lewi |title=Cultures in Conflict: Christians, Muslims, and Jews in the Age of Discovery |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-19-510283-3 |url-access=registration }} * {{Cite book |last=Mubarkpuri |first=Saifur-Rahman |title=The Sealed Nectar: Biography of the Prophet |publisher=Dar-us-Salam Publications |year=2002 |isbn=978-1-59144-071-0}} * {{Cite book |last=Najeebabadi |first=Akbar Shah |title=History of Islam |publisher=Dar-us-Salam Publications |year=2001 |isbn=978-1-59144-034-5}} * {{Cite book |last=Sayilgan |first=Salih |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/god-evil-and-suffering-in-islam/C4C89591ADAAF25F104D517C4F4634B3 |title=God, Evil, and Suffering in Islam |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2023 |isbn=9781009377294}} * {{Cite book |last=Schimmel |first=Annemarie |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422154518/https://www.giffordlectures.org/books/deciphering-signs-god-phenomenological-approach-islam |title=Deciphering the Signs of God: A Phenomenological Approach to Islam |publisher=State University of New York Press |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-7914-1982-3 |author-link= |access-date=31 January 2019 |archive-date=22 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422154518/https://web.archive.org/web/20190422154518/https://www.giffordlectures.org/books/deciphering-signs-god-phenomenological-approach-islam |url-status=dead }} * {{Cite book |last=Schuon |first=Frithjof |title=Understanding Islam |url=https://archive.org/details/understandingisl0000schu |publisher=Allen & Unwin |year=1963 |isbn=978-0941532242 |edition=3rd |author-link=}} * {{Cite book |last=Tausch |first=Arno |title=What 1.3&nbsp;Billion Muslims Really Think: An Answer to a Recent Gallup Study, Based on the "World Values Survey". Foreword Mansoor Moaddel, Eastern Michigan University |publisher=Nova Science Publishers, New York |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-60692-731-1 |edition=1st }} * {{Cite book |last1=Tausch |first1=Arno |title=The political algebra of global value change. General models and implications for the Muslim world |first2=Almas |last2=Heshmati |first3=Hichem |last3=Karoui |publisher=Nova Science Publishers |place=New York |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-62948-899-8 |edition=1st }} Prepublication text available at: {{cite web |last1=Tausch |first1=Arno |last2=Heshmati |first2=Almas |last3=Karoui |first3=Hichem |date=January 2014 |title=The political algebra of global value change. General models and implications for the Muslim world |website=ResearchGate |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290349218 }} * {{Cite book |last1=Tausch |first1=Arno |title=Political Islam and Religiously Motivated Political Extremism |series=SpringerBriefs in Political Science |publisher=Springer Nature |place=Cham |year=2023 |doi=10.1007/978-3-031-24854-2 |isbn=978-3-031-24853-5 |s2cid=256852082 |edition=1st |url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-24854-2 }} * {{Cite book |last=Walker |first=Benjamin |title=Foundations of Islam: The Making of a World Faith |url=https://archive.org/details/foundationsofisl0000walk |publisher=Peter Owen Publishers |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-7206-1038-3 |author-link=}} == External links == {{Sister project links |wikt=Islam |commons=Category:Islam |b=Subject:Islam |n=Category:Islam |q=Islam |s=Portal:Islam |v=Islam |voy=Islam |species=no |d=Q432 |m=no|mw=no}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Islam| ]] [[Category:610 establishments]] [[Category:7th-century Islam]] [[Category:Abrahamic religions]] [[Category:Monotheistic religions]] [[Category:Organizations dem establish insyd de 7th century]] lqfk956pce9ckrm0atukxddelo3p7th 0 14558 112495 110767 2026-09-25T01:13:00Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112495 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''India''', officially de '''Republic of India''', be a country insyd South Asia. Ebe de seventh-largest country by area; de most populous country from June 2023 dey go;<ref>{{Cite news|last=Biswas|first=Soutik|date=1 May 2023|title=Most populous nation: Should India rejoice or panic?|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-65322706|access-date=3 May 2023|work=BBC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/wpp2022_summary_of_results.pdf|title=World Population Prospects 2022: Summary of Results|publisher=United Nations Department of Social and Economic Affairs|year=2022|location=New York|page=i}}</ref> den since ein independence insyd 1947, de world ein most populous democracy.<ref>Stein, Burton (2012), Arnold, David (ed.), ''A History of India'', The Blackwell History of the World Series (2nd&nbsp;ed.), Wiley-Blackwell, <q>One of these is the idea of India as 'the world's largest democracy', but a democracy forged less by the creation of representative institutions and expanding electorate under British rule than by the endeavours of India's founding fathers – Gandhi, Nehru, Patel and Ambedkar – and the labours of the Constituent Assembly between 1946 and 1949, embodied in the Indian constitution of 1950. This democratic order, reinforced by the regular holding of nationwide elections and polling for the state assemblies, has, it can be argued, consistently underpinned a fundamentally democratic state structure – despite the anomaly of the Emergency and the apparent durability of the Gandhi-Nehru dynasty.</q></ref> Ebe bound by de Indian Ocean for de south, de Arabian Sea for de southwest, den de Bay of Bengal for de southeast, e dey share land borders plus Pakistan to de west; [[China]], Nepal, den Bhutan to de north; den Bangladesh den Myanmar to de east. Insyd de Indian Ocean, India be near Sri Lanka den de Maldives; ein Andaman and Nicobar Islands dey share a maritime border plus Thailand, Myanmar, den [[Indonesia]]. ==Politics den government== === Administrative divisions === India be a federal union wey dey comprise 28 states den 8 union territories.<ref>Library of Congress 2004.</ref> ==== States ==== # Andhra Pradesh # Arunachal Pradesh # Assam # Bihar # Chhattisgarh # Goa # Gujarat # Haryana # Himachal Pradesh # Jharkhand # Karnataka # Kerala # Madhya Pradesh # Maharashtra # Manipur # Meghalaya # Mizoram # Nagaland # Odisha # Punjab # Rajasthan # Sikkim # Tamil Nadu # Telangana # Tripura # Uttar Pradesh # Uttarakhand # West Bengal ==== Union territories ==== # Andaman and Nicobar Islands # Chandigarh # Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu # Jammu and Kashmir # Ladakh # Lakshadweep # National Capital Territory of Delhi # Puducherry == References == <references /> == Bibliography == === Overview === * Robinson, Francis, ed. ''The Cambridge Encyclopedia of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and the Maldives'' (1989) === Etymology === * {{cite journal|last=Barrow|first=Ian J.|title=From Hindustan to India: Naming change in changing names|journal=South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies|volume=26|pages=37–49|number=1|year=2003|doi=10.1080/085640032000063977|s2cid=144039519}} * {{cite journal|last=Clémentin-Ojha|first=Catherine|title='India, that is Bharat...': One Country, Two Names|journal=South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal|volume=10|year=2014|url=https://journals.openedition.org/samaj/3717|archive-date=28 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150928035644/https://samaj.revues.org/3717}} * {{cite book|last=Thieme|first=P.|chapter=Sanskrit ''sindu-/Sindhu-'' and Old Iranian ''hindu-/Hindu-''|editor1=Mary Boyce|editor2=Ilya Gershevitch|year=1970|title=W. B. Henning Memorial Volume|publisher=Lund Humphries|isbn=978-0-85331-255-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e3UBAAAAMAAJ}} === Politics === * {{cite journal|last1=Banerjee|first1=Sumanta|title=Civilising the BJP|journal=Economic & Political Weekly|date=22 July 2005|volume=40|issue=29|pages=3116–3119|jstor=4416896}} * {{cite journal|last1=Malik|first1=Yogendra K.|last2=Singh|first2=V. B.|title=Bharatiya Janata Party: An Alternative to the Congress (I)?|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_asian-survey_1992-04_32_4/page/318|journal=Asian Survey|date=April 1992|volume=32|issue=4|pages=318–336|jstor=2645149|doi=10.2307/2645149}} === Foreign relations den military === * {{cite news|last=Pandit|first=Rajat|date=16 March 2021|title=India's weapon imports fell by 33% in last five years but remains world's second-largest arms importer|newspaper=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/indias-weapon-imports-fell-by-33-in-last-five-years-but-remains-worlds-second-largest-arms-importer/articleshow/81516403.cms|access-date=3 February 2022}} * {{cite news|last=Pandit|first=Rajat|date=1 February 2022|title=Strong push for indigenous weapons amidst modest hike in defence budget|newspaper=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/strong-push-for-indigenous-weapons-amidst-modest-hike-in-defence-budget/articleshow/89275344.cms|access-date=3 February 2022}} === Economy === * {{cite web|title=India world's second largest textiles exporter: UN Comtrade|work=The Economic Times|date=2 June 2014|ref={{sfnref|Economic Times 2014}}|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/cons-products/garments-/-textiles/india-worlds-second-largest-textiles-exporter-un-comtrade/articleshow/35958852.cms?from=mdr|access-date=17 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140605121831/https://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-06-02/news/50272849_1_textiles-exports-india-calender-year|archive-date=5 June 2014|url-status=live}} === Culture === * {{cite web|author=Hansa Research|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407092737/https://mruc.net/irs2012q1-topline-findings.pdf|work=Indian Readership Survey 2012 Q1 : Topline Findings|title=Growth: Literacy & Media Consumption|publisher=Media Research Users Council|access-date=12 September 2012|year=2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407092737/https://web.archive.org/web/20140407092737/https://mruc.net/irs2012q1-topline-findings.pdf|archive-date=7 April 2014}} == External links == {{Sister project links|collapsible=collapsed|voy=India|India}}'''Government''' * [https://www.india.gov.in/ Official website of the Government of India] * [https://goidirectory.nic.in/index.php Government of India Web Directory] '''General information''' * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210318202107/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/india India]. ''The World Factbook''. Central Intelligence Agency. * [https://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-12557384 India] from BBC News * {{osmrelation-inline|304716}} * [https://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=IN Key Development Forecasts for India] from International Futures {{Authority control}} [[Category:India| ]] [[Category:BRICS nations]] [[Category:Countries den territories wer English be official language]] [[Category:Countries den territories wer Hindi be official language]] [[Category:Countries for Asia insyd]] [[Category:Federal constitutional republics]] [[Category:Former British colonies den protectorates insyd Asia]] [[Category:G15 nations]] [[Category:G20 members]] [[Category:Member states of de Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:Member states of de South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation]] [[Category:Member states of de United Nations]] [[Category:Republics insyd de Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:South Asian countries]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1947]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain image maps]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] e8886pizk5g6losbpciuhtjz53iittm 0 14948 112496 56620 2026-09-25T01:13:13Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112496 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Organisations''' ('''ISIL'''), ISO 15511, dey assign unique identifiers to libraries den related organisations, such as archives den museums.<ref name="ISO15511:2011">{{cite web|url=http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=57332|title=ISO 15511:2011 - Information and documentation -- International standard identifier for libraries and related organizations (ISIL)|date=22 August 2011|publisher=ISO|access-date=14 June 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211059/http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=57332|url-status=live}}</ref> == References == [[Category:Library science]] [[Category:Identifiers]] [[Category:ISO standards]] [[Category:Unique identifiers]] <references /> == External links == * {{cite web | title=ISIL | website=Slots- og Kulturstyrelsen | url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220315072636/https://slks.dk/english/work-areas/libraries-and-literature/library-standards/isil | ref={{sfnref | Slots- og Kulturstyrelsen}} | access-date=12 February 2023}} * {{cite web | title=Deutsche ISIL-Agentur und Sigelstelle | website=Staatsbibliothek Berlin | url=https://sigel.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de/startseite | language=de | ref={{sfnref | Startseite}} | access-date=12 February 2023}} {{Authority control}} 4uqf98s0eoafhl0nopls77tr82lhc9l 0 15210 112418 108779 2026-09-24T19:27:13Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112418 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Borderline personality disorder''' ('''BPD'''), dem sanso know am as '''emotionally unstable personality disorder''' ('''EUPD'''), be a mental illness wey be characterized by a long-term pattern of unstable relationships, distorted sense of self, den strong emotional reactions.<ref name=":0">American Psychiatric Association 2013, pp. [[iarchive:diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/645|645, 663–6]]</ref><ref name="NIH20163">{{cite web|title=Borderline Personality Disorder|url=http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/borderline-personality-disorder/index.shtml|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322130612/http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/borderline-personality-disorder/index.shtml|archive-date=22 March 2016|access-date=16 March 2016|website=NIMH}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Chapman AL|title=Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation|journal=Development and Psychopathology|volume=31|issue=3|pages=1143–1156|date=August 2019|pmid=31169118|doi=10.1017/S0954579419000658|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0954579419000658/type/journal_article|url-status=live|publisher=Cambridge University Press|s2cid=174813414|access-date=5 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204232023/https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/development-and-psychopathology/article/abs/borderline-personality-disorder-and-emotion-dysregulation/EA2CB1C041307A34392F49279C107987|archive-date=4 December 2020|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Individuals often dey engage insyd self-harm den oda dangerous behavior.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Bozzatello P, Rocca P, Baldassarri L, Bosia M, Bellino S|title=The Role of Trauma in Early Onset Borderline Personality Disorder: A Biopsychosocial Perspective|journal=Frontiers in Psychiatry|volume=12|pages=721361|date=23 September 2021|pmid=34630181|pmc=8495240|doi=10.3389/fpsyt.2021.721361|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Cattane N, Rossi R, Lanfredi M, Cattaneo A|title=Borderline personality disorder and childhood trauma: exploring the affected biological systems and mechanisms|journal=BMC Psychiatry|volume=17|issue=1|pages=221|date=June 2017|pmid=28619017|pmc=5472954|doi=10.1186/s12888-017-1383-2|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=December 2017|title=Borderline Personality Disorder|url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/borderline-personality-disorder/index.shtml|access-date=25 February 2021|publisher=The National Institute of Mental Health|quote=Other signs or symptoms may include: [...] Impulsive and often dangerous behaviors [...] Self-harming behavior [...]. Borderline personality disorder is also associated with a significantly higher rate of self-harm and suicidal behavior than the general public.|archive-date=29 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329213453/http://nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/borderline-personality-disorder/index.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Those wey be affected sanso fi struggle plus a feeling of emptiness, fear of abandonment, den detachment from reality. Symptoms fi be triggered by events dem consider normal to odas.<ref name="NIH20163" /> De behavior typically dey begin by early adulthood den dey occur across a variety of situations.<ref name=":0" /> Substance abuse,<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Helle AC, Watts AL, Trull TJ, Sher KJ|title=Alcohol Use Disorder and Antisocial and Borderline Personality Disorders|journal=Alcohol Research: Current Reviews|volume=40|issue=1|pages=arcr.v40.1.05|year=2019|pmid=31886107|pmc=6927749|doi=10.35946/arcr.v40.1.05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Trull|first1=Timothy J.|last2=Freeman|first2=Lindsey K.|last3=Vebares|first3=Tayler J.|last4=Choate|first4=Alexandria M.|last5=Helle|first5=Ashley C.|last6=Wycoff|first6=Andrea M.|date=19 September 2018|title=Borderline personality disorder and substance use disorders: an updated review|journal=Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation|language=en|volume=5|issue=1|page=15|doi=10.1186/s40479-018-0093-9|doi-access=free|pmid=30250740|pmc=6145127|issn=2051-6673}}</ref> depression, den eating disorders<ref name="NIH20163" /> be commonly associated plus BPD. Approximately 10% of people wey be affected die by suicide.<ref name="Kreisman J, Strauss H 2004">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/sometimesiactcra00jero|title=Sometimes I Act Crazy. Living With Borderline Personality Disorder|vauthors=Kreisman J, Strauss H|publisher=Wiley & Sons|year=2004|isbn=978-0-471-22286-6|url-access=registration|page=206}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Kaurin|first1=Aleksandra|last2=Dombrovski|first2=Alexandre|last3=Hallquist|first3=Michael|last4=Wright|first4=Aidan|date=2020-12-10|title=Momentary Interpersonal Processes of Suicidal Surges in Borderline Personality Disorder|journal=Psychological Medicine|volume=52|issue=13|pages=2702–2712|doi=10.1017/S0033291720004791|pmid=33298227|quote=People diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are at high risk of dying by suicide: almost all report chronic suicidal ideation, 84% of patients with BPD engage in suicidal behavior, 70% attempt suicide, with a mean of 3.4 lifetime attempts per individual, and 5–10% die by suicide (Black et al., 2004; McGirr et al., 2007; Soloff et al., 1994).|pmc=8190164}}</ref> Onset of symptoms fi be triggered by events odas perceive as normal,<ref name="NIH20163" /> plus de disorder typically dey manifest insyd early adulthood den dey persist across diverse contexts.<ref name="DSM532">{{harvnb|American Psychiatric Association|2013|pages=[https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/645 645, 663–6]}}</ref> BPD often be comorbid plus substance use disorders,<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Helle AC, Watts AL, Trull TJ, Sher KJ|title=Alcohol Use Disorder and Antisocial and Borderline Personality Disorders|journal=Alcohol Research: Current Reviews|volume=40|issue=1|article-number=arcr.v40.1.05|year=2019|pmid=31886107|pmc=6927749|doi=10.35946/arcr.v40.1.05}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Trull |first1=Timothy J. |last2=Freeman |first2=Lindsey K. |last3=Vebares |first3=Tayler J. |last4=Choate |first4=Alexandria M. |last5=Helle |first5=Ashley C. |last6=Wycoff |first6=Andrea M. |title=Borderline personality disorder and substance use disorders: an updated review |journal=Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation |date=December 2018 |volume=5 |issue=1 |doi=10.1186/s40479-018-0093-9 |pmid=30250740 |doi-access=free |pmc=6145127 }}</ref> depressive disorders, den [[eating disorder]]s.<ref name="NIH20163" /> Studies dey estimate up to 10 percent of people plus BPD die by [[suicide]].<ref name="Kreisman J, Strauss H 2004"/><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Kaurin|first1=Aleksandra|last2=Dombrovski|first2=Alexandre|last3=Hallquist|first3=Michael|last4=Wright|first4=Aidan|date=2020-12-10|title=Momentary Interpersonal Processes of Suicidal Surges in Borderline Personality Disorder|journal=[[Psychological Medicine]]|volume=52|issue=13|pages=2702–2712|doi=10.1017/S0033291720004791|pmid=33298227|quote=People diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are at high risk of dying by suicide: almost all report chronic suicidal ideation, 84% of patients with BPD engage in suicidal behavior, 70% attempt suicide, with a mean of 3.4 lifetime attempts per individual, and 5–10% die by suicide (Black et al., 2004; McGirr et al., 2007; Soloff et al., 1994).|pmc=8190164}}</ref> BPD dey face significant stigmatization insyd media portrayals den de psychiatric field, wey dey lead to underdiagnosis den insufficient treatment.<ref name="Borderline personality disorder, st">{{cite journal |last1=Aviram |first1=Ron B. |last2=Brodsky |first2=Beth S. |last3=Stanley |first3=Barbara |title=Borderline Personality Disorder, Stigma, and Treatment Implications |journal=Harvard Review of Psychiatry |date=September 2006 |volume=14 |issue=5 |pages=249–256 |doi=10.1080/10673220600975121 |pmid=16990170 |quote=The stigmatization of BPD is likely to be a result of several characteristics of the BPD syndrome. [... Pejorative] terms such as "difficult," "treatment resistant," "manipulative," "demanding," and "attention seeking" [are used to describe such individuals. This] can have an impact upon the treater's a priori expectations. [... Such] stigmatization is likely to be a result of several [behaviour characteristics of individuals with BPD, and the fact that] psychotherapy with [them] may involve disturbing and frightening behavior, including intense anger, chronic suicidal ideation, self-injury, and suicide attempts. [... Clinicians, under the stigma, may] see lower levels of [their patient's] functioning as deliberate and within [ones] control, or as manipulation, or as a rejection of help, [and may therefore respond] in unintentially damaging ways, [possibly by withdrawing] physically and emotionally. [...] It has been found that when one person has negative expectations of another, the former changes his or her behavior toward the latter. These interpersonal situations have been described as self-fulfilling prophecies. }}</ref><ref name="EP">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Dixon-Gordon KL, Peters JR, Fertuck EA, Yen S |year=2017 |title=Emotional Processes in Borderline Personality Disorder: An Update for Clinical Practice |journal=[[Journal of Psychotherapy Integration]] |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=425–438 |doi=10.1037/int0000044 |pmc=5842953 |pmid=29527105 |quote=[Clinicians] may hesitate to [provide treatment for BPD patients] due to discomfort working with the high-risk behaviours and intense interpersonal and emotional dysregulation typical of [the disorder. Treatments supported by empirical evidence include Dialectical behavior therapy, Mentalization-based treatment, Transference-focused psychotherapy, Schema-focused therapy, and General Psychiatric Management... On the psychopathology side, it's possible that] emotional reactivity may be [more] pronounced [...] in response to social stressors and in interpersonal and self-conscious emotions (e.g., anger, shame) [...] Emotional vulnerability in BPD may also vary across specific emotions, [to which] sadness, hostility, and fear [are particularly damaging].}}</ref> Causes of BPD be unclear den complex, wey dey implicate genetic, neurological, den psychosocial conditions insyd ein development.<ref name="NIH2016">{{cite web |title=Borderline Personality Disorder |url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/borderline-personality-disorder |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322130612/http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/borderline-personality-disorder/index.shtml |archive-date=22 March 2016 |access-date=16 March 2016 |website=NIMH}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite web |date=2021-02-12 |title=Causes - Borderline personality disorder |url=https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/borderline-personality-disorder/causes/ |access-date=2025-12-21 |website=nhs.uk |language=en}}</ref> De current hypothesis dey suggest BPD be caused by an interaction between genetic factors den adverse childhood experiences.<ref>{{Citation |last1=Chapman |first1=Jennifer |title=Borderline Personality Disorder |date=2025 |work=StatPearls |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430883/ |access-date=2025-06-10 |place=Treasure Island, Fla. |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=28613633 |quote=The current hypothesis is that BPD is caused by an interaction between genetic factors and adverse childhood experiences affecting brain development via neuropeptides and hormones. The relative importance of these factors is unclear. |last2=Jamil |first2=Radia T. |last3=Fleisher |first3=Carl |last4=Torrico |first4=Tyler J.}}</ref><ref name=":13">{{cite journal |last1=Leichsenring |first1=Falk |last2=Fonagy |first2=Peter |last3=Heim |first3=Nikolas |last4=Kernberg |first4=Otto F. |last5=Leweke |first5=Frank |last6=Luyten |first6=Patrick |last7=Salzer |first7=Simone |last8=Spitzer |first8=Carsten |last9=Steinert |first9=Christiane |title=Borderline personality disorder: a comprehensive review of diagnosis and clinical presentation, etiology, treatment, and current controversies |journal=World Psychiatry |date=February 2024 |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=4–25 |doi=10.1002/wps.21156 |pmc=10786009 |pmid=38214629 |quote=It is currently hypothesized that, in BPD, genetic factors and adverse childhood experiences interact to influence brain development via hormones and neuropeptides. Adverse childhood experiences are thought to modulate gene expression and lead to stable personality traits that may predispose to BPD. [...] There is familial aggregation of BPD, with recent data from a Swedish population-based study estimating heritability at 46%. The risk of receiving a BPD diagnosis was increased 4.7-fold for full siblings. The hazard ratio in identical twins was 11.5.}}</ref> BPD significantly be more common insyd people plus a family history of BPD, particularly immediate relatives, wey dey suggest genetic predisposition.<ref name=":13" /> Der be a risk of misdiagnosis, wey BPD commonly be confused plus a [[mood disorder]], substance use disorder, anaa oda mental health disorders.<ref name="DSM532" /> Therapeutic interventions predominantly dey involve psychotherapy, plus dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) den schema therapy be de most effective.<ref name="NIH2016" /><ref name="EP" /> Although pharmacotherapy no dey cure BPD, e fi be employed to mitigate symptoms,<ref name="NIH2016" /> plus atypical antipsychotics den [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor]] (SSRI) antidepressants commonly prescribed. Dem dey use medications cautiously wey fi get minimal impact on neural function.<ref name=":42">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cattarinussi G, Delvecchio G, Prunas C, Moltrasio C, Brambilla P |date=June 2021 |title=Effects of pharmacological treatments on emotional tasks in borderline personality disorder: A review of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies |journal=Journal of Affective Disorders |volume=288 |pages=50–57 |doi=10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.088 |pmid=33839558}}</ref><ref name="pmid372564842">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pascual JC, Arias L, Soler J |date=31 May 2023 |title=Pharmacological Management of Borderline Personality Disorder and Common Comorbidities |journal=CNS Drugs |volume=37 |issue=6 |pages=489–497 |doi=10.1007/s40263-023-01015-6 |pmc=10276775 |pmid=37256484 |quote=Comorbidity with other mental disorders is common in individuals with BPD [... Despite no drug has been approved specifically for the treatment of BPD,] various medications are routinely prescribed off label [, but] agreement among clinical guidelines [is lacking]. Comorbidity [of] other psychiatric disorders is considered [the] main [reason for the effectiveness of] pharmacological treatment and polypharmacy[. Patients receiving] BPD-specific psychotherapy usually require fewer medications[.]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gerolymos |first=Cyril |last2=Garosi |first2=Alexandra |last3=Boyer |first3=Laurent |last4=Yon |first4=Dong Keon |last5=Rahmati |first5=Masoud |last6=Gavaudan |first6=Mika |last7=Fond |first7=Guillaume |date=2026-02-10 |title=Efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments in borderline personality disorder: A systematic review and network meta-analysis |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-026-03451-4 |journal=Molecular Psychiatry |language=en |pages=1–13 |doi=10.1038/s41380-026-03451-4 |issn=1476-5578}}</ref> Despite de high utilization of healthcare resources by people plus BPD,<ref name="Bourke_2018">{{cite journal|vauthors=Bourke J, Murphy A, Flynn D, Kells M, Joyce M, Hurley J|title=Borderline personality disorder: resource utilisation costs in Ireland|journal=Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine|volume=38|issue=3|pages=169–176|date=September 2021|pmid=34465404|doi=10.1017/ipm.2018.30|hdl-access=free|hdl=10468/7005}}</ref> up to half fi show significant improvement over ten years plus appropriate treatment.<ref name="DSM532" /> Estimation of BPD ein prevalence dey vary. Insyd de US, around 1% of de population be diagnosed plus am.<ref name=":5">{{cite journal |last1=Ellison |first1=William D. |last2=Rosenstein |first2=Lia K. |last3=Morgan |first3=Theresa A. |last4=Zimmerman |first4=Mark |title=Community and Clinical Epidemiology of Borderline Personality Disorder |journal=Psychiatric Clinics of North America |date=December 2018 |volume=41 |issue=4 |pages=561–573 |doi=10.1016/j.psc.2018.07.008 |pmid=30447724 |quote=BPD tends to be more prevalent in adult women than adult men, [but] this gender split is not apparent among adolescents. [...] BPD has been found to decrease and even remit as individuals age. [...] BPD [has] a point prevalence around 1%. [Prevalence differ between subpopulations, being] substantially higher [for psychiatric population, around 12% for outpatient and 22% for inpatient.] Research also suggests [potential] differences [between] ethnic groups[. Deliberate] self-harm [...] differs among ethnic groups, [with] African-American individuals [reporting] more affective instability and emotion dysregulation, but less suicidal behavior and deliberate self-harm, than White American individuals with the disorder.}}</ref> BPD be more prevalent among adolescents den young adults dan elderly, wey symptoms fi remit plus age.<ref name=":5" /> De term 'borderline' be debated, as e refer to concepts of borderline insanity den patients on de border between [[neurosis]] den [[psychosis]], wich now be considered clinically imprecise.<ref name="NIH2016" /><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Gunderson JG|title=Borderline personality disorder: ontogeny of a diagnosis|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychiatry_2009-05_166_5/page/530|journal=The American Journal of Psychiatry|volume=166|issue=5|pages=530–539|date=May 2009|pmid=19411380|pmc=3145201|doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.08121825}}</ref> == References == <references /> == General bibliography == * {{cite book|author=American Psychiatric Association|title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders|url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis00amer_2|publisher=American Psychiatric Association|year=2000|isbn=978-0-89042-025-6|edition=4th}} * {{cite book|author=American Psychiatric Association|title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders|publisher=American Psychiatric Publishing|year=2013|isbn=978-0-89042-555-8|edition=5th}} * {{cite book|vauthors=Chapman AL, Gratz KL|year=2007|title=The Borderline Personality Disorder Survival Guide: Everything You Need to Know About Living with BPD|url=https://archive.org/details/borderlineperson0000chap|location=Oakland, CA|publisher=New Harbinger Publications|isbn=978-1-57224-507-5}} * {{cite journal|vauthors=Linehan MM, Comtois KA, Murray AM, Brown MZ, Gallop RJ, Heard HL, Korslund KE, Tutek DA, Reynolds SK, Lindenboim N|date=July 2006|title=Two-year randomized controlled trial and follow-up of dialectical behavior therapy vs therapy by experts for suicidal behaviors and borderline personality disorder|journal=Archives of General Psychiatry|volume=63|issue=7|pages=757–66|pmid=16818865|doi=10.1001/archpsyc.63.7.757|doi-access=free}} * {{cite book|vauthors=Linehan M|year=1993|title=Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder|url=https://archive.org/details/cognitivebehavio0000line|location=New York|publisher=Guilford Press|isbn=978-0-89862-183-9}} * {{cite book|vauthors=Manning S|year=2011|title=Loving Someone with Borderline Personality Disorder|url=https://archive.org/details/lovingsomeonewit0000mann_g4n0|publisher=The Guilford Press|isbn=978-1-59385-607-6}} * {{cite book|vauthors=Millon T|year=1996|title=Disorders of Personality: DSM-IV-TM and Beyond|url=https://archive.org/details/disordersofperso0000mill_e4c3|location=New York|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0-471-01186-6}} * {{cite book|vauthors=Millon T|year=2004|title=Personality Disorders in Modern Life|url=https://archive.org/details/personalitydisor0000mill|publisher=Wiley|isbn=978-0-471-32355-6}} * {{cite book|vauthors=Millon T, Grossman S, Meagher SE|year=2004|title=Masters of the mind: exploring the story of mental illness from ancient times to the new millennium|url=https://archive.org/details/mastersofmindexp0000mill|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0-471-46985-8}} * {{cite web|vauthors=Millon T|year=2006|title=Personality Subtypes|url=http://millon.net/taxonomy/summary.htm|access-date=1 November 2010|archive-date=4 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101104162306/http://www.millon.net/taxonomy/summary.htm|url-status=dead|website=Institute for Advanced Studies in Personology and Psychopathology|publisher=Dicandrien, Inc.}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q208166|c=Category:Borderline personality disorder|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * {{cite web|url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/borderline-personality-disorder|publisher=[[National Institute of Mental Health]]|title=Borderline personality disorder}} * [https://www.bpdfamily.com/content/borderline-personality-disorder APA DSM 5 Definition of Borderline personality disorder] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250421180239/https://div12.org/psychological-treatments/disorders/borderline-personality-disorder/ APA Division 12 treatment page for Borderline personality disorder] * [https://psychiatryonline.org/doi/pdf/10.1176/appi.focus.11.2.189 Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders] (with AMPD definition of BPD) * [https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en#2006821354 ICD-11 definition of Personality disorder, Borderline pattern by the World Health Organization] * [https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/borderline-personality-disorder/overview/ NHS] * {{cite web|url=https://borderlinesupport.org.uk|title=Borderline Support UK}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Borderline personality disorder}} [[Category:Borderline personality disorder| ]] [[Category:Cluster B personality disorders]] [[Category:Women den psychology]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] mudepk60kfr07uc3n6xqqhvv0mkezmu 0 15215 112425 110722 2026-09-24T19:39:08Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112425 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Methylene blue''', dem sanso know am as '''methylthioninium chloride''', be a medication den dye. As a medication, dem mainly dey use am treat methemoglobinemia. Specifically, dem dey use take treat methemoglobin levels wey be greater dan 30% anaa insyd wich der be symptoms despite oxygen therapy. Na dem dey use am previously for cyanide poisoning den urinary tract infections, buh dis use no longer be recommended.<ref name="AHFS2017">{{cite web|title=Methylene Blue|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/methylene-blue.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=8 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510111253/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/methylene-blue.html|archive-date=10 May 2017}}</ref> Dem typically dey give am by injection into a vein.<ref name="AHFS2017" /> Common side effects dey include headache, nausea, den vomiting. Na dem first prepare Methylene blue insyd 1876, by Heinrich Caro.<ref name="Ah2008">{{cite book|vauthors=Ahmad I, Aqil F|title=New Strategies Combating Bacterial Infection|date=2008|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-3-527-62294-8|page=91|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hrdzorisyp8C&pg=PA91|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918205927/https://books.google.com/books?id=Hrdzorisyp8C&pg=PA91|archive-date=2017-09-18}}</ref> E dey for de World Health Organization ein List of Essential Medicines top.<ref name="WHO21st">{{cite book|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|title=World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019|year=2019|hdl=10665/325771|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|id=WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO}}</ref> == Side effects == {| class="wikitable" !Cardiovascular<ref name="Mokhlesi2003">{{cite journal|vauthors=Mokhlesi B, Leikin JB, Murray P, Corbridge TC|title=Adult toxicology in critical care: Part II: specific poisonings|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_chest_2003-03_123_3/page/897|journal=Chest|volume=123|issue=3|pages=897–922|date=March 2003|pmid=12628894|doi=10.1378/chest.123.3.897|s2cid=9962335}}</ref><ref name="Harvey1983">{{cite journal|vauthors=Harvey JW, Keitt AS|title=Studies of the efficacy and potential hazards of methylene blue therapy in aniline-induced methaemoglobinaemia|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_british-journal-of-haematology_1983-05_54_1/page/n87|journal=British Journal of Haematology|volume=54|issue=1|pages=29–41|date=May 1983|pmid=6849836|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2141.1983.tb02064.x|s2cid=19304915}}</ref> !Central nervous system<ref name="Mokhlesi2003" /><ref name="Harvey1983" /> !Dermatologic<ref name="Mokhlesi2003" /><ref name="Harvey1983" /> !Gastrointestinal<ref name="Mokhlesi2003" /><ref name="Harvey1983" /> !Genito-urinary<ref name="Mokhlesi2003" /><ref name="Harvey1983" /> !Hematologic<ref name="Mokhlesi2003" /><ref name="Harvey1983" /> |- style="vertical-align:top" | * Hypertension * Precordial pain | * Dizziness * Mental confusion * Headache * Fever | * Staining of skin * Injection site necrosis (SC) | * Fecal discoloration * Nausea * Vomiting * Abdominal pain | * Discoloration of urine (doses over 80&nbsp;μg) * Bladder irritation | * Anemia |} Methylene blue be a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Ramsay RR, Dunford C, Gillman PK|title=Methylene blue and serotonin toxicity: inhibition of monoamine oxidase A (MAO A) confirms a theoretical prediction|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_british-journal-of-pharmacology_2007-11_152_6/page/946|journal=British Journal of Pharmacology|volume=152|issue=6|pages=946–951|date=November 2007|pmid=17721552|pmc=2078225|doi=10.1038/sj.bjp.0707430}}</ref> wey, if dem infuse am intravenously for doses wey dey exceed 5&nbsp;mg/kg, fi result insyd serotonin syndrome if dem combined plus any selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) anaa oda serotonergic drugs (e.g., duloxetine, sibutramine, venlafaxine, clomipramine, imipramine).<ref name="pmid16978328">{{cite journal|vauthors=Gillman PK|title=Methylene blue implicated in potentially fatal serotonin toxicity|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_anaesthesia_2006-10_61_10/page/1013|journal=Anaesthesia|volume=61|issue=10|pages=1013–1014|date=October 2006|pmid=16978328|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2044.2006.04808.x|s2cid=45063314|doi-access=}}</ref> == Chemistry == Methylene blue be a formal derivative of phenothiazine. E be a dark green powder wey dey yield a blue solution insyd water. De hydrated form get 3 molecules of water per unit of methylene blue. === Preparation === Dem dey prepare dis compound by oxidation of 4-aminodimethylaniline insyd de presence of sodium thiosulfate make e give de quinonediiminothiosulfonic acid, reaction plus dimethylaniline, oxidation to de indamine, den cyclization make e give de thiazine:<ref name="ull">{{cite encyclopedia|vauthors=Berneth H|chapter=Azine Dyes|encyclopedia=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry|year=2012|publisher=Wiley-VCH|place=Weinheim|doi=10.1002/14356007.a03_213.pub3|isbn=978-3-527-30673-2}}</ref> : [[File:Synthesis_of_methylene_blue.png|class=skin-invert-image|600x600px]] A green electrochemical procedure, wey dey use dimethyl-4-phenylenediamine per wey na dem propose sulfide ions.<ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Maleki A, Nematollahi D|date=December 2009|title=An efficient electrochemical method for the synthesis of methylene blue|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1388248109004846|journal=Electrochemistry Communications|language=en|volume=11|issue=12|pages=2261–2264|doi=10.1016/j.elecom.2009.09.040}}</ref> === Light absorption properties === {| class="wikitable" !Species !Absorption peak !Extinction coefficient (dm³/mol·cm) |- |MB⁺ (solution) |664 |95000 |- |MBH₂⁺ (solution) |741 |76000 |- |(MB⁺)₂ (solution) |605 |132000 |- |(MB⁺)₃ (solution) |580 |110000 |- |MB⁺ (adsorbed on clay) |673 |116000 |- |MBH₂⁺ (adsorbed on clay) |763 |86000 |- |(MB⁺)₂ (adsorbed on clay) |596 |80000 |- |(MB⁺)₃ (adsorbed on clay) |570 |114000 |} ==References== <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite web | url = https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/methylthioninium%20chloride | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine | work = Drug Information Portal | title = Methylene blue }} * {{cite web | title=Methylene blue test | website=MedlinePlus | url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003412.htm }} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Methylene Blue}} [[Category:Antidotes]] [[Category:Genetics techniques]] [[Category:Histology]] [[Category:Redox indicators]] [[Category:Thiazine dyes]] [[Category:Vital stains]] [[Category:World Health Organization essential medicines]] [[Category:Monoamine oxidase inhibitors]] [[Category:Phenothiazines]] [[Category:Chlorides]] [[Category:Dimethylamino compounds]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 5og5kuktfgc4lgxqxjku4d3dq85b0er 0 15350 112422 110649 2026-09-24T19:33:07Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112422 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox medical condition | name = Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | synonym = Attention-deficit disorder, hyperkinetic disorder (ICD-10) | image = Primary Laos2.jpg | image_size = | image_thumbtime = | alt = An image of kiddies | caption = People plus ADHD fi find am more difficult dan odas make dem focus on den plete tasks such as schoolwork. | pronounce = | field = Psychiatry, pediatrics | symptoms = Difficulty paying attention, excessive activity, difficulty controlling behavior | complications = | onset = Before age 6–12 | duration = >6 months | types = | causes = Both genetic den environmental factors | risks = | diagnosis = Based for symptoms top after oda possible causes dem rule out | differential = Normally active young kiddie, conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, learning disorder, bipolar disorder, fetal alcohol spectrum disorder<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ferri |first=Fred F. |title=Ferri's differential diagnosis : a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders |url=https://archive.org/details/ferrisdifferenti0000ferr |date=2010 |publisher=Elsevier/Mosby |isbn=978-0323076999 |edition=2nd |location=Philadelphia, PA |pages=Chapter A }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Zubler, MD, FAAP |first1=Jennifer |last2=Weitzman, MD, FAAP |first2=Carol |last3=Sloane, DO |first3=Mark |last4=Singh, MPA |first4=Natasha |last5=Senturias, MD, FAAP |first5=Yasmin N. |last6=Kosofsky, MD, PhD |first6=Barry |last7=Kable, PhD |first7=Julie |last8=Fernandez-Baca, MA |first8=Daniel |last9=Dang, MPH |first9=Elizabeth |last10=Chasnoff, MD, FAAP |first10=Ira |last11=Bertrand PhD |first11=Jacquelyn |last12=Balachova PhD |first12=Tatiana |last13=Hagan Jr. MD, FAAP |first13=Joseph F. |title=Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure |url=https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/138/4/e20151553.full.pdf |journal=Pediatrics |year=2016 |volume=138 |issue=4 |pages=e20151553 |publisher=American Journal of Pediatrics |doi=10.1542/peds.2015-1553 |pmid=27677572 |pmc=5477054 |access-date=22 May 2020 |archive-date=20 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320042016/https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/138/4/e20151553.full.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> | prevention = | treatment = Counseling, lifestyle changes, medications | medication = Stimulants, atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Coghill DR, Banaschewski T, Soutullo C, Cottingham MG, Zuddas A |date=November 2017 |title=Systematic review of quality of life and functional outcomes in randomized placebo-controlled studies of medications for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |journal=European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry |volume=26 |issue=11 |pages=1283–1307 |doi=10.1007/s00787-017-0986-y |pmc=5656703 |pmid=28429134}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Jain R, Katic A |s2cid=3807877 |date=August 2016 |title=Current and Investigational Medication Delivery Systems for Treating Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |journal=The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders |volume=18 |issue=4 |doi=10.4088/PCC.16r01979 |pmid=27828696}}</ref> | prognosis = | frequency = 51.1 million (2015) | deaths = | video1 = [[File:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder video.webm|frameless|upright=1.36|Video explanation]] | named after = }} '''Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder''' ('''ADHD''')<ref>Faraone SV, Bellgrove MA, Brikell I, Cortese S, Hartman CA, Hollis C, et al. (22 February 2024). [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41572-024-00495-0 "Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder"]. ''Nature Reviews Disease Primers''. '''10''' (1): 11. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1038/s41572-024-00495-0|10.1038/s41572-024-00495-0]]. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2056-676X 2056-676X]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38388701 38388701].</ref> be a neurodevelopmental disorder wey be characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, den emotional dysregulation wey be excessive den pervasive, wey dey impair insyd multiple contexts, den developmentally inappropriate.<ref name="DSM5">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/58/mode/2up?q=attention+deficit|title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders|publisher=American Psychiatric Publishing|year=2013|isbn=978-0-89042-555-8|edition=5th|location=Arlington|pages=59–65}}</ref><ref name="DSM5TR">{{cite book|title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders|title-link=|date=February 2022|publisher=American Psychiatric Publishing|isbn=978-0-89042-575-6|edition=Fifth, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR)|location=Washington, D.C.|oclc=1288423302}}</ref><ref name="Faraone_2021">{{cite journal |vauthors=Faraone SV, Banaschewski T, Coghill D, Zheng Y, Biederman J, Bellgrove MA, Newcorn JH, Gignac M, Al Saud NM, Manor I, Rohde LA, Yang L, Cortese S, Almagor D, Stein MA, Albatti TH, Aljoudi HF, Alqahtani MM, Asherson P, Atwoli L, Bölte S, Buitelaar JK, Crunelle CL, Daley D, Dalsgaard S, Döpfner M, Espinet S, Fitzgerald M, Franke B, Gerlach M, Haavik J, Hartman CA, Hartung CM, Hinshaw SP, Hoekstra PJ, Hollis C, Kollins SH, Sandra Kooij JJ, Kuntsi J, Larsson H, Li T, Liu J, Merzon E, Mattingly G, Mattos P, McCarthy S, Mikami AY, Molina BS, Nigg JT, Purper-Ouakil D, Omigbodun OO, Polanczyk GV, Pollak Y, Poulton AS, Rajkumar RP, Reding A, Reif A, Rubia K, Rucklidge J, Romanos M, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Schellekens A, Scheres A, Schoeman R, Schweitzer JB, Shah H, Solanto MV, Sonuga-Barke E, Soutullo C, Steinhausen HC, Swanson JM, Thapar A, Tripp G, van de Glind G, van den Brink W, Van der Oord S, Venter A, Vitiello B, Walitza S, Wang Y |date=September 2021 |title=The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder |journal=Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews |publisher=Elsevier BV |volume=128 |pages=789–818 |doi=10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.022 |issn=0149-7634 |pmc=8328933 |pmid=33549739 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ADHD symptoms dey arise from executive dysfunction.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Pievsky MA, McGrath RE |date=March 2018 |title=The Neurocognitive Profile of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Review of Meta-Analyses |journal=Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=143–157 |doi=10.1093/arclin/acx055 |pmid=29106438 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Schoechlin C, Engel RR |date=August 2005 |title=Neuropsychological performance in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: meta-analysis of empirical data |journal=Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology |volume=20 |issue=6 |pages=727–744 |doi=10.1016/j.acn.2005.04.005 |pmid=15953706}}</ref><ref name="Joao P 2019">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hoogman M, Muetzel R, Guimaraes JP, Shumskaya E, Mennes M, Zwiers MP, Jahanshad N, Sudre G, Wolfers T, Earl EA, Soliva Vila JC, Vives-Gilabert Y, Khadka S, Novotny SE, Hartman CA, Heslenfeld DJ, Schweren LJ, Ambrosino S, Oranje B, de Zeeuw P, Chaim-Avancini TM, Rosa PG, Zanetti MV, Malpas CB, Kohls G, von Polier GG, Seitz J, Biederman J, Doyle AE, Dale AM, van Erp TG, Epstein JN, Jernigan TL, Baur-Streubel R, Ziegler GC, Zierhut KC, Schrantee A, Høvik MF, Lundervold AJ, Kelly C, McCarthy H, Skokauskas N, O'Gorman Tuura RL, Calvo A, Lera-Miguel S, Nicolau R, Chantiluke KC, Christakou A, Vance A, Cercignani M, Gabel MC, Asherson P, Baumeister S, Brandeis D, Hohmann S, Bramati IE, Tovar-Moll F, Fallgatter AJ, Kardatzki B, Schwarz L, Anikin A, Baranov A, Gogberashvili T, Kapilushniy D, Solovieva A, El Marroun H, White T, Karkashadze G, Namazova-Baranova L, Ethofer T, Mattos P, Banaschewski T, Coghill D, Plessen KJ, Kuntsi J, Mehta MA, Paloyelis Y, Harrison NA, Bellgrove MA, Silk TJ, Cubillo AI, Rubia K, Lazaro L, Brem S, Walitza S, Frodl T, Zentis M, Castellanos FX, Yoncheva YN, Haavik J, Reneman L, Conzelmann A, Lesch KP, Pauli P, Reif A, Tamm L, Konrad K, Oberwelland Weiss E, Busatto GF, Louza MR, Durston S, Hoekstra PJ, Oosterlaan J, Stevens MC, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Vilarroya O, Fair DA, Nigg JT, Thompson PM, Buitelaar JK, Faraone SV, Shaw P, Tiemeier H, Bralten J, Franke B |date=July 2019 |title=Brain Imaging of the Cortex in ADHD: A Coordinated Analysis of Large-Scale Clinical and Population-Based Samples |journal=The American Journal of Psychiatry |volume=176 |issue=7 |pages=531–542 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.2019.18091033 |pmc=6879185 |pmid=31014101}}</ref><ref name="Brown_2008">{{cite journal |vauthors=Brown TE |date=October 2008 |title=ADD/ADHD and Impaired Executive Function in Clinical Practice |journal=Current Psychiatry Reports |volume=10 |issue=5 |pages=407–411 |doi=10.1007/s11920-008-0065-7 |pmid=18803914 |s2cid=146463279}}</ref><ref name="Executive functions">{{cite journal |vauthors=Diamond A |year=2013 |title=Executive functions |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_annual-review-of-psychology_2013_64/page/n168 |journal=Annual Review of Psychology |volume=64 |pages=135–168 |doi=10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750 |pmc=4084861 |pmid=23020641 |quote=EFs and prefrontal cortex are the first to suffer, and suffer disproportionately, if something is not right in your life. They suffer first, and most, if you are stressed (Arnsten 1998, Liston et al. 2009, Oaten & Cheng 2005), sad (Hirt et al. 2008, von Hecker & Meiser 2005), lonely (Baumeister et al. 2002, Cacioppo & Patrick 2008, Campbell et al. 2006, Tun et al. 2012), sleep deprived (Barnes et al. 2012, Huang et al. 2007), or not physically fit (Best 2010, Chaddock et al. 2011, Hillman et al. 2008). Any of these can cause you to appear to have a disorder of EFs, such as ADHD, when you do not.}}</ref><ref name="Antshel_2014">{{cite book|title=Handbook of Executive Functioning|vauthors=Antshel KM, Hier BO, Barkley RA|date=2014|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4614-8106-5|veditors=Goldstein S, Naglieri JA|place=New York, NY|pages=107–120|chapter=Executive Functioning Theory and ADHD|doi=10.1007/978-1-4614-8106-5_7}}</ref> Impairments wey dey result from deficits insyd self-regulation such as time management, inhibition, task initiation, den sustained attention<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barkley |first=Russell A. |date=December 2002 |title=International Consensus Statement on ADHD |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-american-academy-child-adolescent-psychiatry_2002-12_41_12/page/1389 |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry |volume=41 |issue=12 |page=1389 |doi=10.1097/00004583-200212000-00001 |issn=0890-8567 |pmid=12447019}}</ref> fi include poor professional performance, relationship difficulties, den chaw health risks,<ref name="Barkley_2011">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Barkley RA, Murphy KR |date=1 June 2011 |title=The Nature of Executive Function (EF) Deficits in Daily Life Activities in Adults with ADHD and Their Relationship to Performance on EF Tests |journal=Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment |language=en |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=137–158 |doi=10.1007/s10862-011-9217-x |issn=1573-3505}}</ref><ref name="fleming_et_al_2017">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fleming M, Fitton CA, Steiner MF, McLay JS, Clark D, King A, Mackay DF, Pell JP |date=July 2017 |title=Educational and Health Outcomes of Children Treated for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |journal=JAMA Pediatrics |volume=171 |issue=7 |pages=e170691 |doi=10.1001/jamapediatrics.2017.0691 |pmc=6583483 |pmid=28459927}}</ref> collectively wey dey predispose to a diminished quality of life den a reduction in life expectancy.<ref name="Adverse_2022">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cattoi B, Alpern I, Katz JS, Keepnews D, Solanto MV |date=April 2022 |title=The Adverse Health Outcomes, Economic Burden, and Public Health Implications of Unmanaged Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Call to Action Resulting from CHADD Summit, Washington, DC, October 17, 2019 |journal=Journal of Attention Disorders |volume=26 |issue=6 |pages=807–808 |doi=10.1177/10870547211036754 |pmid=34585995 |s2cid=238218526}}</ref> E be associated plus oda mental disorders as well as non-psychiatric disorders, wich fi cause additional impairment.<ref name=":0">Faraone SV, Banaschewski T, Coghill D, Zheng Y, Biederman J, Bellgrove MA, et al. (September 2021). [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8328933 "The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based conclusions about the disorder"]. ''Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews''. '''128'''. Elsevier BV: 789–818. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.022|10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.022]]. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0149-7634 0149-7634]. [[PMC (identifier)|PMC]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8328933 8328933]. [[PMID (identifier)|PMID]] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33549739 33549739].</ref> De disorder dey cost society hundreds of billions of US dollars each year, worldwide.<ref name=":0" /> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite book|title=Taking charge of adult ADHD: proven strategies to succeed at work, at home, and in relationships|url=https://archive.org/details/takingchargeofad0000russ|vauthors=Barkley RA, Benton CM|publisher=Guilford Press|year=2022|isbn=978-1-4625-4752-4|edition=2nd|oclc=1251741330}} * {{cite book|title=Driven to distraction: recognizing and coping with attention deficit disorder from childhood through adulthood|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780307743152|vauthors=Hallowell EM, Ratey JJ|publisher=Anchor Books|year=2011|isbn=978-0-307-74315-2|edition=1|oclc=1200786886}} * {{cite book|title=The ADHD Explosion: Myths, Medication, Money, and Today's Push for Performance|url=https://archive.org/details/adhdexplosionmyt0000hins|vauthors=Hinshaw SP, Scheffler RM|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-0-19-979055-5}} * {{cite book|title=Scattered minds: a new look at the origins and healing of attention deficit disorder|vauthors=Mate G|publisher=Vintage Books|year=1999|isbn=978-0-676-97259-7|location=Canada|oclc=48795973}} * {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/adhdnationchildr0000schw_d3y4|title=ADHD Nation: Children, Doctors, Big Pharma, and the Making of an American Epidemic|vauthors=Schwarz A|publisher=Scribner|year=2016|isbn=978-1-5011-0591-3|oclc=951612166}} * {{cite book|title=ADHD Grown Up: A Guide to Adolescent and Adult ADHD|vauthors=Young JL|date=9 January 2007|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Pliszka S |date=July 2007 |title=Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry |volume=46 |issue=7 |pages=894–921 |doi=10.1097/chi.0b013e318054e724 |pmid=17581453 |s2cid=602465 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Reaser A, Prevatt F, Petscher Y, Proctor B |year=2007 |title=The learning and study strategies of college students with ADHD |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychology-in-the-schools_2007-07_44_6/page/627 |journal=Psychology in the Schools |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |volume=44 |issue=6 |pages=627–638 |doi=10.1002/pits.20252 |issn=0033-3085 |eissn=1520-6807 |lccn=64009353 |oclc=1763062}} == External links == * National Institute of Mental Health. [https://www.nimh.nih.gov/topics/topic-page-adhd NIMH Pages About Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).] National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. {{Subject bar|auto=y|d=y}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder| ]] [[Category:1987 neologisms]] [[Category:Ailments of unknown cause]] [[Category:Amphetamine]] [[Category:Attention disorders]] [[Category:Learning disabilities]] [[Category:Methylphenidate]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] jqeoavw4l2tp0otfr3tgx386wvmju57 0 15357 112342 83211 2026-09-24T17:20:58Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112342 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ketamine''' be a dissociative anesthetic dem use medically for induction den maintenance of anesthesia. Dem sanso dey use am as a treatment for depression den insyd pain management.<ref name="Sachdeva_2023">{{Cite journal | vauthors = Sachdeva B, Sachdeva P, Ghosh S, Ahmad F, Sinha JK |date=March 2023 |title=Ketamine as a therapeutic agent in major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder: Potential medicinal and deleterious effects |journal=Ibrain |language=en |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=90–101 |doi=10.1002/ibra.12094 |pmid=37786516 |pmc=10528797 |s2cid=257117630 |issn=2769-2795| doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref> Ketamine be an NMDA receptor antagonist wich dey account for chaw of ein psychoactive effects.<ref name="pmid299458982">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zanos P, Moaddel R, Morris PJ, Riggs LM, Highland JN, Georgiou P, Pereira EF, Albuquerque EX, Thomas CJ, Zarate CA, Gould TD |date=July 2018 |title=Ketamine and Ketamine Metabolite Pharmacology: Insights into Therapeutic Mechanisms |journal=Pharmacol Rev |volume=70 |issue=3 |pages=621–660 |doi=10.1124/pr.117.015198 |pmc=6020109 |pmid=29945898}}</ref> == Pharmacology == ==== Molecular targets ==== {| class="wikitable " style="font-size:small;" |+Ketamine den biological targets (plus K_i below 100 μM) !Site !Value (μM) !Type !Action !Species !Ref |- |NMDA (N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor) |0.25–0.66 |K_i |Antagonist |Human |<ref name="pmid288296122">{{cite journal |vauthors=Morris PJ, Moaddel R, Zanos P, Moore CE, Gould TD, Zarate CA, Thomas CJ |date=September 2017 |title=Synthesis and N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Activity of Ketamine Metabolites |journal=Organic Letters |volume=19 |issue=17 |pages=4572–4575 |doi=10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02177 |pmc=5641405 |pmid=28829612}}</ref><ref name="pmid235271662">{{cite journal |vauthors=Roth BL, Gibbons S, Arunotayanun W, Huang XP, Setola V, Treble R, Iversen L |year=2013 |title=The ketamine analogue methoxetamine and 3- and 4-methoxy analogues of phencyclidine are high affinity and selective ligands for the glutamate NMDA receptor |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=e59334 |bibcode=2013PLoSO...859334R |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0059334 |pmc=3602154 |pmid=23527166 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref> |- |MOR(μ-Opioid receptor) |42 |K_i |Antagonist |Human |<ref name="pmid99153262">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hirota K, Okawa H, Appadu BL, Grandy DK, Devi LA, Lambert DG |date=January 1999 |title=Stereoselective interaction of ketamine with recombinant mu, kappa, and delta opioid receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells |journal=Anesthesiology |volume=90 |issue=1 |pages=174–82 |doi=10.1097/00000542-199901000-00023 |pmid=9915326 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref> |- |MOR₂ (μ-Opioid receptor) |12.1 |K_i |Antagonist |Human |<ref name="pmid145309492">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hirota K, Sikand KS, Lambert DG |year=1999 |title=Interaction of ketamine with mu2 opioid receptors in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells |journal=Journal of Anesthesia |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=107–9 |doi=10.1007/s005400050035 |pmid=14530949 |s2cid=9322174}}</ref> |- |KOR (κ-Opioid receptor) |28 25 |K_i K_i |Antagonist Agonist |Human |<ref name="pmid99153262" /> <ref name="pmid203583632">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nemeth CL, Paine TA, Rittiner JE, Béguin C, Carroll FI, Roth BL, Cohen BM, Carlezon WA |date=June 2010 |title=Role of kappa-opioid receptors in the effects of salvinorin A and ketamine on attention in rats |journal=Psychopharmacology (Berl) |volume=210 |issue=2 |pages=263–74 |doi=10.1007/s00213-010-1834-7 |pmc=2869248 |pmid=20358363}}</ref> |- |Sigma-2 receptor|σ₂ |26 |K_i |ND (No data) |Rat |<ref name="pmid219112852">{{cite journal |vauthors=Robson MJ, Elliott M, Seminerio MJ, Matsumoto RR |date=April 2012 |title=Evaluation of sigma (σ) receptors in the antidepressant-like effects of ketamine in vitro and in vivo |journal=Eur Neuropsychopharmacol |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=308–17 |doi=10.1016/j.euroneuro.2011.08.002 |pmid=21911285 |s2cid=24494428}}</ref> |- |D2 receptor (D₂) |0.5 &#x3E;10 |K_i K_i |Agonist ND (No data) |Human |<ref name="pmid122327762">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kapur S, Seeman P |year=2002 |title=NMDA receptor antagonists ketamine and PCP have direct effects on the dopamine D(2) and serotonin 5-HT(2)receptors-implications for models of schizophrenia |journal=Molecular Psychiatry |volume=7 |issue=8 |pages=837–44 |doi=10.1038/sj.mp.4001093 |pmid=12232776 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref> <ref name="pmid235271662" /><ref name="pmid274695132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Can A, Zanos P, Moaddel R, Kang HJ, Dossou KS, Wainer IW, Cheer JF, Frost DO, Huang XP, Gould TD |date=October 2016 |title=Effects of Ketamine and Ketamine Metabolites on Evoked Striatal Dopamine Release, Dopamine Receptors, and Monoamine Transporters |journal=The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics |volume=359 |issue=1 |pages=159–70 |doi=10.1124/jpet.116.235838 |pmc=5034706 |pmid=27469513}}</ref> |- | Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 (M₁) |45 |K_i |ND (No data) |Human |<ref name="pmid124564252">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hirota K, Hashimoto Y, Lambert DG |date=December 2002 |title=Interaction of intravenous anesthetics with recombinant human M1-M3 muscarinic receptors expressed in chinese hamster ovary cells |journal=Anesth Analg |volume=95 |issue=6 |pages=1607–10, table of contents |doi=10.1097/00000539-200212000-00025 |pmid=12456425 |s2cid=25643394 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref> |- |α₂β₂ (Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor) |92 |IC₅₀ |Antagonist |Human |<ref name="pmid107546352">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yamakura T, Chavez-Noriega LE, Harris RA |date=April 2000 |title=Subunit-dependent inhibition of human neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and other ligand-gated ion channels by dissociative anesthetics ketamine and dizocilpine |journal=Anesthesiology |volume=92 |issue=4 |pages=1144–53 |doi=10.1097/00000542-200004000-00033 |pmid=10754635 |s2cid=23651917 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref> |- |α₂β₄ (Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor) |29 |IC₅₀ |Antagonist |Human |<ref name="pmid107546352" /> |- |Alpha-3 beta-2 nicotinic receptor (α₃β₂) |50 |IC₅₀ |Antagonist |Human |<ref name="pmid107546352" /> |- |Alpha-3 beta-4 nicotinic receptor (α₃β₄) |9.5 |IC₅₀ |Antagonist |Human |<ref name="pmid107546352" /> |- |Alpha-4 beta-2 nicotinic receptor (α₄β₂) |72 |IC₅₀ |Antagonist |Human |<ref name="pmid107546352" /> |- |Alpha-4 beta-4 nicotinic receptor (α₄β₄) |18 |IC₅₀ |Antagonist |Human |<ref name="pmid107546352" /> |- |Alpha-7 nicotinic receptor (α₇) |3.1 (Hydroxynorketamine) |IC₅₀ |Negative allosteric modulation (NAM) |Rat |<ref name="pmid231831072">{{cite journal |vauthors=Moaddel R, Abdrakhmanova G, Kozak J, Jozwiak K, Toll L, Jimenez L, Rosenberg A, Tran T, Xiao Y, Zarate CA, Wainer IW |date=January 2013 |title=Sub-anesthetic concentrations of (R,S)-ketamine metabolites inhibit acetylcholine-evoked currents in α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors |journal=Eur J Pharmacol |volume=698 |issue=1–3 |pages=228–34 |doi=10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.11.023 |pmc=3534778 |pmid=23183107}}</ref> |- |ERα (Estrogen receptor alpha) |0.34 |K_i |ND (No data) |Human |<ref name="pmid296215382">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ho MF, Correia C, Ingle JN, Kaddurah-Daouk R, Wang L, Kaufmann SH, Weinshilboum RM |date=June 2018 |title=Ketamine and ketamine metabolites as novel estrogen receptor ligands: Induction of cytochrome P450 and AMPA glutamate receptor gene expression |journal=Biochemical Pharmacology |volume=152 |pages=279–292 |doi=10.1016/j.bcp.2018.03.032 |pmc=5960634 |pmid=29621538}}</ref> |- |NET (Norepinephrine transporter) |82–291 |IC₅₀ |Inhibitor |Human |<ref name="pmid95238222">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nishimura M, Sato K, Okada T, Yoshiya I, Schloss P, Shimada S, Tohyama M |date=March 1998 |title=Ketamine inhibits monoamine transporters expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells |journal=Anesthesiology |volume=88 |issue=3 |pages=768–74 |doi=10.1097/00000542-199803000-00029 |pmid=9523822 |s2cid=30159489 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref><ref name="pmid188150452">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhao Y, Sun L |date=November 2008 |title=Antidepressants modulate the in vitro inhibitory effects of propofol and ketamine on norepinephrine and serotonin transporter function |journal=J Clin Neurosci |volume=15 |issue=11 |pages=1264–9 |doi=10.1016/j.jocn.2007.11.007 |pmc=2605271 |pmid=18815045}}</ref> |- |DAT (Dopamine transporter) |63 |K_i |Inhibitor |Rat |<ref name="pmid95238222" /> |- |HCN1 (Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 1) |8–16 |EC₅₀ |Inhibitor |Mouse |<ref name="pmid191582872">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chen X, Shu S, Bayliss DA |date=January 2009 |title=HCN1 channel subunits are a molecular substrate for hypnotic actions of ketamine |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-neuroscience_2009-01-21_29_3/page/n19 |journal=The Journal of Neuroscience |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=600–9 |doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3481-08.2009 |pmc=2744993 |pmid=19158287}}</ref> |- |TRPV1 |1-100 |K_i |Agonist |Rat |<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=da Costa FL, Pinto MC, Santos DC, Carobin NV, de Jesus IC, Ferreira LA, Guatimosim S, Silva JF, Castro Junior CJ |date=December 2020 |title=Ketamine potentiates TRPV1 receptor signaling in the peripheral nociceptive pathways |journal=Biochemical Pharmacology |volume=182 |pages=114210 |doi=10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114210 |pmid=32882205 |s2cid=221497233}}</ref> |- class="sortbottom" | colspan="6" style="width: 1px;" |De smaller de value, de stronger de interaction plus de site. |} ==References== <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite web|title=Ketamine|url=https://www.dea.gov/factsheets/ketamine|publisher=Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)}} * {{cite web|title=Ketamine|url=https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/ketamine|publisher=National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Analgesics]] [[Category:Antidepressants]] [[Category:Arylcyclohexylamines]] [[Category:Chemical substances for emergency medicine]] [[Category:2-Chlorophenyl compounds]] [[Category:D2 receptor agonists]] [[Category:Dissociative drugs]] [[Category:Drug-facilitated sexual assault]] [[Category:Drugs wey Pfizer develop]] [[Category:Drugs plus unknown mechanisms of action]] [[Category:Equine medications]] [[Category:Euphoriants]] [[Category:Experimental antidepressants]] [[Category:Experimental hallucinogens]] [[Category:General anesthetics]] [[Category:Ketones]] [[Category:Muscarinic antagonists]] [[Category:Nicotinic antagonists]] [[Category:NMDA receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Opioid modulators]] [[Category:Opioid receptor positive allosteric modulators]] [[Category:Sedatives]] [[Category:Sigma agonists]] [[Category:Veterinary medicine]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ddpn3zg11ulnv9fbyrt2nyq8enimzcf 0 15378 112571 108648 2026-09-25T02:57:31Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112571 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox medical condition | name = Tuberculosis | synonym = Koch's disease,<ref>{{cite web |title=Tuberculosis (Concept Id: C0041296) - MedGen - NCBI |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/22513#:~:text=clinical%20entity,without%20genetic%20inheritance. |website=www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov |access-date=3 February 2025 |language=en |archive-date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116163006/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen/22513#:~:text=clinical%20entity,without%20genetic%20inheritance. |url-status=live }}</ref> phthisis, phthisis pulmonalis, consumption | image = Tuberculosis-x-ray-1.jpg | image_size = | image_thumbtime = | alt = | caption = Chest X-ray of a person plus advanced tuberculosis: Infection insyd both lungs be marked by white arrow-heads, den de formation of a cavity be marked by black arrows. | pronounce = | field = Infectious disease, pulmonology | symptoms = Chronic cough, fever, cough plus bloody mucus, weight loss | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' | risks = Smoking, HIV/AIDS | diagnosis = Chest X-ray (CXR), microbial culture, tuberculin skin test | differential = Pneumonia, histoplasmosis, sarcoidosis, coccidioidomycosis<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ferri|first1=Fred F. |title=Ferri's differential diagnosis : a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders|url=https://archive.org/details/ferrisdifferenti0000ferr|date=2010|publisher=Elsevier/Mosby|location=Philadelphia, PA|isbn=978-0-323-07699-9|page=Chapter T|edition=2nd}}</ref> | prevention = Screening those at high risk, treatment of those infected, vaccination plus bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) | treatment = Antibiotics | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = 25% of people (latent TB) | deaths = 1.5&nbsp;million (2018) | video1 = [[File:En.Wikipedia-VideoWiki-Tuberculosis.webm|frameless|thumbtime=1:00|upright=1.36|Video summary ([[Video:Tuberculosis|script]])]] | named after = }} '''Tuberculosis''' ('''TB'''), e sanso be known colloquially as de "'''white death'''", anaa historically as '''consumption''',<ref name="Cha1998">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pz2ORay2HWoC&pg=RA1-PA352|title=The Chambers Dictionary.|publisher=Allied Chambers India Ltd.|year=1998|isbn=978-81-86062-25-8|location=New Delhi|page=352|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906201311/https://books.google.com/books?id=pz2ORay2HWoC&pg=RA1-PA352|archive-date=6 September 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> be a contagious disease wey be usually caused by ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria.<ref name="CDC_2025">{{Cite web|date=2025-02-27|title=About Tuberculosis|url=https://www.cdc.gov/tb/about/index.html|access-date=2025-03-14|website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|language=en-us}}</ref> Tuberculosis generally dey affect de lungs, buh e sanso fi affect oda parts of de body.<ref name="WHO_2025">{{Cite web|date=14 March 2025|title=Tuberculosis (TB)|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tuberculosis|access-date=2025-03-14|website=World Health Organization|language=en}}</ref> Chaw infections no dey show symptoms, in wich case e be known as inactive anaa latent tuberculosis.<ref name="CDC_2025" /> A small proportion of latent infections dey progress to active disease dat, if dem lef am untreated, fi be fatal.<ref name="WHO_2025" /> Typical symptoms of active TB be chronic cough plus blood-containing mucus, fever, night sweats, den weight loss.<ref name="WHO_2025" /> Infection of oda organs fi cause a wide range of symptoms.<ref name="ID10">{{cite book|title=Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases|url=https://archive.org/details/mandelldouglasbe0000unse_a4l9|vauthors=Adkinson NF, Bennett JE, Douglas RG, Mandell GL|publisher=Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier|year=2010|isbn=978-0-443-06839-3|edition=7th|location=Philadelphia, PA|page=Chapter 250}}</ref> ==References== <references /> == External links == {{Sister project links|d=Q12204|wikt=tuberculosis|q=Tuberculosis|c=Category:Tuberculosis|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|species=Mycobacterium tuberculosis}} * {{cite web|date=24 October 2018|title=Tuberculosis (TB)|url=https://www.cdc.gov/tb/default.htm|publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)}} * {{cite web|title=Tuberculosis (TB)|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070705100742/http://www.hpa.org.uk/infections/topics_az/tb/menu.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070705100742/https://web.archive.org/web/20070705100742/http://www.hpa.org.uk/infections/topics_az/tb/menu.htm|archive-date=5 July 2007|publisher=Health Protection Agency|location=London}} * [https://www.who.int/tb/global-tb-report-infographic.pdf?ua=1 WHO global 2016 TB report (infographic)] * [https://www.who.int/tb/country/data/profiles/en/ WHO tuberculosis country profiles] * [https://americanarchive.org/catalog/cpb-aacip_529-1c1td9p67s "Tuberculosis Among African Americans"], 1990-11-01, ''In Black America''; KUT Radio, American Archive of Public Broadcasting (WGBH and the Library of Congress) * [https://www.newtbdrugs.org/ Working Group on New TB drugs], tracking clinical trials and drug candidates {{Authority control}} [[Category:Tuberculosis| ]] [[Category:Airborne diseases]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Health insyd Africa]] [[Category:Healthcare-associated infections]] [[Category:Infectious causes of cancer]] [[Category:Mycobacterium-related cutaneous conditions]] [[Category:Vaccine-preventable diseases]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 2bvcpdxzlqe20svkicxf8tijs76thpw 0 15379 112432 57545 2026-09-24T23:16:53Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112432 wikitext text/x-wiki {{infobox medical condition (new) | name = Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | synonym = Lou Gehrig's disease; Charcot's disease; motor neurone disease (MND){{cite journal | vauthors = Wijesekera LC, Leigh PN | title = Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | journal = Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases | volume = 3 | issue = 4 | pages = 3 | date = February 2009 | pmid = 19192301 | pmc = 2656493 | doi = 10.1186/1750-1172-4-3 }} | image = ALS Coronal.jpg | image_size = | image_thumbtime = | alt = | caption = An Magnetic resonance imaging plus increased signal insyd de posterior part of de internal capsule wey fi be tracked to de motor cortex, consistent plus de diagnosis of ALS | pronounce = | field = Neurology | symptoms = Stiff muscles, muscle twitching, gradually worsening weakness | complications = Difficulty insyd speaking, swallowing, shortness of breath | onset = 50s–60s | duration = | types = | causes = Unknown (most), inherited (few) | risks = | diagnosis = Based for symptoms top | differential = | prevention = | treatment = Non-invasive ventilation | medication = Riluzole, edaravone{{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508180037/https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm557102.htm|title=FDA approves drug to treat ALS|publisher=U.S. Food and Drug Administration|date=5 May 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508180037/https://web.archive.org/web/20170508180037/https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm557102.htm|archive-date=8 May 2017|df=dmy-all}} | prognosis = Life expectancy 2–4 years | frequency = 2.6/100,000 per year (Europe) | deaths = | named after = }} '''Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis''' ('''ALS'''), dem sanso know am as '''motor neurone disease''' ('''MND''') anaa '''Lou Gehrig's disease''', be a rare, terminal neurodegenerative disorder wey dey result insyd de progressive loss of both upper den lower motor neurons wey normally dey control voluntary muscle contraction.<ref name="NINDS2020">{{Cite web|title=Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Fact Sheet|url=https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-als|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170105002627/http://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Amyotrophic-Lateral-Sclerosis-ALS-Fact-Sheet|archive-date=5 January 2017|access-date=22 October 2020|publisher=National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke}}</ref> ALS be de most common form of de motor neuron diseases.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Motor Neuron Diseases Fact Sheet|url=https://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/patient-caregiver-education/fact-sheets/motor-neuron-diseases-fact-sheet|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010105651/https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Motor-Neuron-Diseases-Fact-Sheet|archive-date=10 October 2020|access-date=27 October 2020|website=www.ninds.nih.gov|publisher=National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke}}</ref> ALS often dey present insyd ein early stages plus gradual muscle stiffness, twitches, weakness, den wasting.<ref name="NINDS2020" /> Motor neuron loss typically dey continue til de abilities to eat, speak, move, den, lastly, breathe all be lost.<ref name="NINDS2020" /> While 15% of people per plus ALS sanso fully dey develop frontotemporal dementia, a 50% dem estimate face at least sam minor difficulties plus thinking den behavior.<ref name="Lancet2017">{{cite journal |vauthors=van Es MA, Hardiman O, Chio A, Al-Chalabi A, Pasterkamp RJ, Veldink JH, van den Berg LH |date=November 2017 |title=Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |journal=Lancet |volume=390 |issue=10107 |pages=2084–2098 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31287-4 |pmid=28552366 |s2cid=24483077}}</ref> Dey depend on wich of de aforementioned symptoms wey dey develop first, na dem classify ALS as ''limb-onset'' (dey begin plus weakness insyd de arms anaa legs) anaa ''bulbar-onset'' (dey begin plus difficulty insyd speaking anaa swallowing).<ref name="Nature2017">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hardiman O, Al-Chalabi A, Chio A, Corr EM, Logroscino G, Robberecht W, Shaw PJ, Simmons Z, van den Berg LH |date=October 2017 |title=Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |url=http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/122838/1/WR_ALS-Hardiman_V3_EDITED_FOR_AUTHOR_APPROVAL_FINAL_APPROVED-1.pdf |url-status=live |journal=Nature Reviews. Disease Primers |volume=3 |issue=17071 |pages=17071 |doi=10.1038/nrdp.2017.71 |pmid=28980624 |s2cid=1002680 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201185718/http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/122838/1/WR_ALS-Hardiman_V3_EDITED_FOR_AUTHOR_APPROVAL_FINAL_APPROVED-1.pdf |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=20 December 2019}}</ref> ==References== <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.als.org/ ALS Association Official Website] * [https://www.als.net/ ALS Therapy Development Institute] * [https://www.als-mnd.org/ International Alliance of ALS/MND Associations] * [https://symposium.mndassociation.org/ International Symposium on ALS/MND] * {{cite web|last=Love|first=Shayla|title=An 'Impossible' Disease Outbreak in the Alps|website=The Atlantic|date=March 23, 2025|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2025/03/als-outbreak-montchavin-mystery/682096/|access-date=March 31, 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250323135533/https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2025/03/als-outbreak-montchavin-mystery/682096/|archive-date=March 23, 2025|url-status=live}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis| ]] [[Category:Motor neuron diseases]] [[Category:Rare diseases]] [[Category:Unsolved problems insyd neuroscience]] [[Category:Cytoskeletal defects]] [[Category:Neuromuscular disorders]] [[Category:Idiopathic diseases]] [[Category:Diseases dem name after patients]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] j3ihx71zyorutw14gia00e2n1pfqcgq 0 15415 112338 108639 2026-09-24T17:10:06Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112338 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox medical condition | name = Bipolar disorder | image = P culture.svg | alt = | caption = Bipolar disorder be characterized by episodes of mania anaa hypomania den depression. | field = Psychiatry, clinical psychology | synonyms = Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD),<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gautam S, Jain A, Gautam M, Gautam A, Jagawat T | title = Clinical Practice Guidelines for Bipolar Affective Disorder (BPAD) in Children and Adolescents | journal = Indian Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 61 | issue = Suppl 2 | pages = 294–305 | date = January 2019 | pmid = 30745704 | pmc = 6345130 | doi = 10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_570_18 | doi-access = free | issn=0019-5545}}</ref> bipolar illness, manic depression, manic depressive disorder, manic–depressive illness (historical), manic–depressive psychosis, circular insanity (historical), bipolar disease<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Coyle N, Paice JA |title=Oxford Textbook of Palliative Nursing|date=2015|publisher=Oxford University Press, Incorporated|isbn=978-0-19-933234-2|page=623}}</ref> | symptoms = Periods of depression den elevated mood | complications = Suicide, self-harm | onset = 25 years old | duration = | types = Bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, odas | causes = Environmental den genetic | risks = Family history, childhood abuse, long-term stress | diagnosis = | differential = [[Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]], [[autism]], personality disorders, [[schizophrenia]], substance use disorder | prevention = | treatment = Psychotherapy, medications | medication = Lithium, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants | prognosis = | frequency = 1–3% | deaths = }} '''Bipolar disorder''' ('''BD'''), dem previously know as '''manic depression''', be a mental disorder wey be characterized by periods of depression den periods of abnormally elevated mood wey each dey last from days to weeks, wey insyd sam cases months.<ref name="BMJ2012">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Anderson IM, Haddad PM, Scott J |date=December 27, 2012 |title=Bipolar disorder |journal=BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) |volume=345 |page=e8508 |doi=10.1136/bmj.e8508 |pmid=23271744 |s2cid=22156246}}</ref><ref name="DSM5">{{Cite book|last=American Psychiatry Association|title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders|date=2013|publisher=American Psychiatric Publishing|isbn=978-0-89042-555-8|edition=5th|location=Arlington|pages=123–154}}</ref> If de elevated mood be severe anaa e associate plus psychosis, e be called ''mania''; if e be less severe wey e no dey significantly affect functioning, e be called ''hypomania''.<ref name="BMJ2012" /> During mania, an individual dey behave anaa dey feel abnormally energetic, happy, anaa irritable,<ref name="BMJ2012" /> wey dem often dey make impulsive decisions plus little regard for de consequences.<ref name="DSM5" /> Der be usually, buh no be always, a reduced need for sleep during manic phases.<ref name="DSM5" /><ref name="u680">{{cite journal |last1=Kaplan |first1=Katherine A. |last2=Harvey |first2=Allison G. |date=2013 |title=Behavioral Treatment of Insomnia in Bipolar Disorder |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychiatry_2013-07_170_7/page/716 |journal=American Journal of Psychiatry |volume=170 |issue=7 |pages=716–720 |doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12050708 |issn=0002-953X |pmc=4185309 |pmid=23820830 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="f458">{{cite journal |last1=Vieira |first1=Igor Soares |last2=Barreto |first2=Nathalia Tessele |last3=Pedrotti Moreira |first3=Fernanda |last4=Mondin |first4=Thaise Campos |last5=Simjanoski |first5=Mario |last6=Cardoso |first6=Taiane de Azevedo |last7=Kapczinski |first7=Flávio |last8=Jansen |first8=Karen |last9=Souza |first9=Luciano Dias de Mattos |last10=da Silva |first10=Ricardo Azevedo |date=2021 |title=Sleep alterations in individuals recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder across different mood stages |journal=Psychiatry Research |volume=299 |page=113824 |doi=10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113824 |pmid=33756207}}</ref> During periods of depression, de individual fi experience crying, wey e a negative outlook on life, den dey demonstrate poor eye contact plus odas.<ref name="BMJ2012" /> De risk of suicide be high. Over a period of 20 years, 6% of those plus bipolar disorder die by suicide,<ref name="BMJ2012" /> plus about one-third dey attempt suicide insyd dema lifetime.<ref name="DSM5" /> Among those plus de disorder, na 40–50% overall den 78% of adolescents engage insyd self-harm.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Zhong |first1=Rongrong |last2=Wang |first2=Zuowei |last3=Zhu |first3=Yuncheng |last4=Wu |first4=XiaoHui |last5=Wang |first5=Xiaoping |last6=Wu |first6=Haishan |last7=Zhou |first7=Jia |last8=Li |first8=Xiaohong |last9=Xu |first9=Guiyun |last10=Pan |first10=Miao |last11=Chen |first11=Zhiyu |last12=Li |first12=Wenfei |last13=Jiao |first13=Zhian |last14=Li |first14=Mingli |last15=Zhang |first15=Yong |date=2024-12-15 |title=Prevalence and correlates of non-suicidal self-injury among patients with bipolar disorder: A multicenter study across China |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165032724014629 |journal=Journal of Affective Disorders |volume=367 |pages=333–341 |doi=10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.231 |issn=0165-0327 |pmid=39233245}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Weintraub |first1=Marc J. |last2=Van de Loo |first2=Margaret M. |last3=Gitlin |first3=Michael J. |last4=Miklowitz |first4=David J. |date=2017 |title=Self-Harm, Affective Traits, and Psychosocial Functioning in Adults With Depressive and Bipolar Disorders |journal=The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease |language=en-US |volume=205 |issue=11 |pages=896–899 |doi=10.1097/NMD.0000000000000744 |issn=0022-3018 |pmc=5679240 |pmid=29077652}}</ref> Oda mental health issues, such as anxiety disorders den substance use disorders, commonly be associated plus bipolar disorder.<ref name="BMJ2012" /> Na dem estimate de global prevalence of bipolar disorder e be between 1–5% of de world ein population.<ref name="A systematic review of the global d">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ferrari AJ, Baxter AJ, Whiteford HA |date=November 2011 |title=A systematic review of the global distribution and availability of prevalence data for bipolar disorder |journal=Journal of Affective Disorders |volume=134 |issue=1–3 |pages=1–13 |doi=10.1016/j.jad.2010.11.007 |pmid=21131055}}</ref> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == Texts dem cite == * {{cite book|title=Focus on Bipolar Disorder Research|vauthors=Brown MR, Basso MR|publisher=Nova Science Publishers|year=2004|isbn=978-1-59454-059-2}} * {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rnr_OxfcqDcC|title=Manic–depressive illness: bipolar disorders and recurrent depression|vauthors=Goodwin FK, Jamison KR|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0-19-513579-4|edition=2nd.|oclc=70929267|access-date=April 2, 2016}} * {{cite book|title=An Unquiet Mind: A Memoir of Moods and Madness|vauthors=Jamison KR|publisher=Knopf|year=1995|isbn=978-0-330-34651-1|location=New York}} * {{cite book|title=Disorders of Personality: DSM-IV-TM and Beyond|url=https://archive.org/details/disordersofperso0000mill_e4c3|vauthors=Millon T|publisher=John Wiley and Sons|year=1996|isbn=978-0-471-01186-6|location=New York}} * {{cite book|title=Reel Psychiatry: Movie Portrayals of Psychiatric Conditions|url=https://archive.org/details/reelpsychiatrymo0000robi|vauthors=Robinson DJ|publisher=Rapid Psychler Press|year=2003|isbn=978-1-894328-07-4|location=Port Huron, Michigan}} == External links == {{Sister project links|d=Q131755|species=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|wikt=bipolar disorder|q=no|s=no|b=Psychiatric Disorders/Mood Disorders/Bipolar Disorder|n=Category:Bipolar disorder}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Goldstein BI, Birmaher B, Carlson GA, DelBello MP, Findling RL, Fristad M, Kowatch RA, Miklowitz DJ, Nery FG, Perez-Algorta G, Van Meter A, Zeni CP, Correll CU, Kim HW, Wozniak J, Chang KD, Hillegers M, Youngstrom EA | title = The International Society for Bipolar Disorders Task Force report on pediatric bipolar disorder: Knowledge to date and directions for future research | journal = Bipolar Disorders | volume = 19 | issue = 7 | pages = 524–543 | date = November 2017 | pmid = 28944987 | pmc = 5716873 | doi = 10.1111/bdi.12556 }} {{authority control}} [[Category:Bipolar disorder| ]] [[Category:Depression (mood)]] [[Category:Mood disorders]] 2fzc59fl4j81ers10peqa2qotukfntr 0 15492 112332 110894 2026-09-24T17:02:35Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112332 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox medical condition | name = Parkinson's disease | synonym = Parkinson disease, idiopathic anaa primary parkinsonism, hypokinetic rigid syndrome, paralysis agitans, shaking palsy | image = Paralysis agitans (1907, after St. Leger).png | image_size = | image_thumbtime = | alt = Two sketches (one from de front den one from de right side) of a man, plus an expressionless face. He be stooped forward wey he presumably get difficulty wey he dey walk. | caption = Illustration of Parkinson's disease by William Richard Gowers, dem first publish insyd ''A Manual of Diseases of the Nervous System'' (1886) | pronounce = | specialty = Neurology | symptoms = Shaking, rigidity, slowness of movement, difficulty walking | onset = Age over 60 | duration = | causes = Unknown | risks = Pesticide exposure, head injuries | diagnosis = Based for symptoms top | differential = Dementia plus Lewy bodies, progressive supranuclear palsy, essential tremor, antipsychotic use<ref>{{cite book|vauthors= Ferri FF|title=Ferri's differential diagnosis : a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders|url= https://archive.org/details/ferrisdifferenti0000ferr|date=2010|publisher=Elsevier/Mosby|location=Philadelphia, PA|isbn=978-0323076999|page=Chapter P|edition=2nd}}</ref> | prevention = | treatment = Exercise, medications, surgery | medication = L-DOPA, dopamine agonist | prognosis = Life expectancy ~ 15 years<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Golbe LI, Leyton CE |title=Life expectancy in Parkinson disease |journal=Neurology |volume=91 |issue=22 |pages=991–992 |date=November 2018 |pmid=30381371 |doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000006560 |type= Editorial}}</ref> | frequency = 6.2 million (2015) | deaths = 117,400 (2015) }} '''Parkinson's disease''' ('''PD'''), anaa simply '''Parkinson's''', be a neurodegenerative disease primarily of de central nervous system, wey dey affect both motor den non-motor systems. Symptoms typically dey develop gradually, plus non-motor issues wey cam turn more prevalent as de disease dey progress. De motor symptoms be collectively called parkinsonism den dey include tremors, bradykinesia, rigidity as well as postural instability (i.e., difficulty maintaining balance). Non-motor symptoms dey develop later insyd de disease den dey include behavioral changes anaa neuropsychiatric problems such as sleep abnormalities, psychosis, den mood swings. Chaw Parkinson's disease cases be sporadic, though dem identify factors wey dey contribute. Pathophysiology dey involve progressive degeneration of nerve cells insyd de substantia nigra, a midbrain region wey dey provide dopamine to de basal ganglia, a system wey involve insyd voluntary motor control. De cause of dis cell death be poorly understood buh e dey involve de aggregation of alpha-synuclein into Lewy bodies within neurons. Oda potential factors dey involve genetic den environmental influences, medications, lifestyle, den prior health conditions. Diagnosis primarily dey base for [[signs and symptoms]] top, typically motor-related, identified thru neurological examination. Medical imaging techniques like positron emission tomography fi support de diagnosis. Parkinson's typically dey manifest insyd individuals over 60, plus about one percent wey be affect. Insyd those younger dan 50, e be termed "early-onset PD". == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q11085|c=Category:Parkinson's disease|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} === Works dem cite === ==== Books ==== * {{Cite book|title=Parkinson's Disease|vauthors=Bhattacharyya KB|date=2017|publisher=International Review of Neurobiology|veditors=Bhatia KP, Chaudhuri KR, Stamelou M|pages=1–23|chapter=Chapter One – Hallmarks of Clinical Aspects of Parkinson's Disease Through Centuries}} * {{cite book|last1=Bernat|first1=James L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YTY3AAAAQBAJ|title=Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology|last2=Beresford|first2=Richard|date=2013|publisher=Newnes|isbn=978-0-444-53504-7|language=en}} * {{Cite book|title=Ferri's differential diagnosis: a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders|url=https://archive.org/details/ferrisdifferenti0000ferr|vauthors=Ferri FF|date=2010|publisher=Elsevier/Mosby|isbn=978-0-3230-7699-9|edition=2nd|chapter=Chapter P}} * {{Cite book|title=Handbook of Clinical Neurology|vauthors=Lanska DJ|date=2010|publisher=History of Neurology|isbn=978-0-444-52009-8|series=3|volume=95|pages=501–546|chapter=Chapter 33: The history of movement disorders|doi=10.1016/S0072-9752(08)02133-7|pmid=19892136}} * {{Cite book|title=Physical Rehabilitation|url=https://archive.org/details/physicalrehabili0000unse_f7s7|vauthors=O'Sullivan SB, Schmitz TJ|publisher=F.A. Davis|year=2007|isbn=978-0-8036-1247-1|edition=5th|chapter=Parkinson's Disease}} * {{Cite book|title=Lange Clinical Neurology|vauthors=Simon RP, Greenberg D, Aminoff MJ|publisher=McGraw-Hill|year=2017|isbn=978-1-2598-6172-7|edition=10th}} * {{Cite book|url=https://exonpublications.com/index.php/exon/issue/view/9|title=Parkinson's Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Aspects|date=December 2018|publisher=Codon Publications|isbn=978-0-9944-3816-4|veditors=Stoker TB, Greenland JC|ref=none}} ** {{Cite book|title=Parkinson's disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Aspects|vauthors=Greenland JC, Barker RA|date=2018|publisher=Codon Publications|isbn=978-0-9944-3816-4|veditors=Stoker TB, Greenland JC|pages=109–128|chapter=Chapter 6: The Differential Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease|doi=10.15586/codonpublications.parkinsonsdisease.2018.ch6|pmid=30702839|chapter-url=https://exonpublications.com/index.php/exon/article/view/191/348|s2cid=80908095}} * {{Cite book|title=Parkinson's Disease|publisher=Royal College of Physicians|year=2006|isbn=978-1-8601-6283-1|editor-last=The National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions|location=London|pages=113–133|chapter=Non-motor features of Parkinson's disease|ref={{Harvid|The National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions}}|chapter-url=http://guidance.nice.org.uk/CG35/Guidance/pdf/English|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100924153546/http://guidance.nice.org.uk/CG35/Guidance/pdf/English|archive-date=24 September 2010|url-status=live}} ==== Journal articles ==== * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Aarslanda D, Krambergera MG |date=2015 |title=Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease |journal=Journal of Personalized Medicine |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=659–667 |doi=10.3233/JPD-150604 |pmid=26406147}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Abusrair AH, Elsekaily W, Bohlega S |date=13 September 2022 |title=Tremor in Parkinson's Disease: From Pathophysiology to Advanced Therapies |journal=Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements |volume=12 |issue=1 |page=29 |doi=10.5334/tohm.712 |pmc=9504742 |pmid=36211804 |doi-access=free}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Ahlskog JE |date=July 2011 |title=Does vigorous exercise have a neuroprotective effect in Parkinson disease? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurology_2011-07-19_77_3/page/288 |journal=Neurology |volume=77 |issue=3 |pages=288–294 |doi=10.1212/wnl.0b013e318225ab66 |pmc=3136051 |pmid=21768599}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Alfaidi M, Barker RA, Kuan W |date=2024 |title=An update on immune-based alpha-synuclein trials in Parkinson's disease |journal=Journal of Neurology |volume=272 |issue=1 |page=21 |doi=10.1007/s00415-024-12770-x |pmc=11638298 |pmid=39666171}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Almikhlafi MA |date=January 2024 |title=A review of the gastrointestinal, olfactory, and skin abnormalities in patients with Parkinson's disease |journal=Neurosciences |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=4–9 |doi=10.17712/nsj.2024.1.20230062 |doi-broken-date=1 November 2024 |pmc=10827020 |pmid=38195133}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Armstrong MJ, Okun MS |date=February 2020 |title=Diagnosis and Treatment of Parkinson Disease: A Review |journal=JAMA |volume=323 |issue=6 |pages=548–560 |doi=10.1001/jama.2019.22360 |pmid=32044947 |s2cid=211079287}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Ascherio A, Schwarzschild MA |date=2016 |title=The epidemiology of Parkinson's disease: risk factors and prevention |journal=Lancet Neurology |volume=15 |issue=12 |pages=1257–1272 |doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30230-7 |pmid=27751556}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Atalar MS, Oguz O, Genc G |date=2023 |title=Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review |journal=The Medical Bulletin of Sisle Etfal Hospital |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=163–170 |doi=10.14744/SEMB.2023.29560 |pmc=10600629 |pmid=37899809}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Bandres-Ciga S, Diez-Fairen M, Kim JJ, Singleton AB |date=April 2020 |title=Genetics of Parkinson's disease: An introspection of its journey towards precision medicine |journal=Neurobiology of Disease |volume=137 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104782 |pmc=7064061 |pmid=31991247}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Barichella M, Cereda E, Pezzoli G |date=October 2009 |title=Major nutritional issues in the management of Parkinson's disease |journal=Movement Disorders |volume=24 |issue=13 |pages=1881–1892 |doi=10.1002/mds.22705 |pmid=19691125 |hdl-access=free |hdl=2434/67795}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Ben-Shlomo Y, Darweesh S, Llibre-Guerra J, Marras C, Luciano MS, Tanner C |date=2024 |title=The epidemiology of Parkinson's disease |journal=The Lancet |volume=403 |issue=10423 |pages=283–292 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01419-8 |pmc=11123577 |pmid=38245248}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Bereczki D |date=2010 |title=The description of all four cardinal signs of Parkinson's disease in a Hungarian medical text published in 1690 |journal=Parkinsonism & Related Disorders |volume=16 |issue=4 |pages=290–293 |doi=10.1016/j.parkreldis.2009.11.006 |pmid=19948422}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Bidesi NS, Andersen IV, Windhorst AD, Shalgunov V, Herth MM |date=November 2021 |title=The role of neuroimaging in Parkinson's disease |journal=Journal of Neurochemistry |volume=159 |issue=4 |pages=660–689 |doi=10.1111/jnc.15516 |pmc=9291628 |pmid=34532856}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Biundo R, Weis L, Antonini A |date=September 2016 |title=Cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease: the complex picture |journal=npj Parkinson's Disease |volume=2 |page=16018 |doi=10.1038/npjparkd.2016.18 |pmc=5516581 |pmid=28725699 |number=16018}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Bloem BR, Boonstra TA |date=December 2023 |title=The inadequacy of current pesticide regulations for protecting brain health: the case of glyphosate and Parkinson's disease |journal=The Lancet. 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Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research}}}} *{{Cite web |title=National Parkinson Foundation – Mission |url=http://www.parkinson.org/About-Us/Mission |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101221103201/http://parkinson.org/About-Us/Mission |archive-date=21 December 2010 |access-date=28 March 2011|ref={{Harvid|National Parkinson Foundation}}}} *{{cite web|url=https://www.parkinson.org/understanding-parkinsons/statistics/notable-figures|title=Notable Figures with Parkinson's|publisher=Parkinson's Foundation|access-date=22 November 2023|ref={{Harvid|Parkinson's Foundation}}}} *{{Cite web |date=1 April 2009 |title=Parkinson's – 'the shaking palsy' |url=http://www.gsk.com/infocus/parkinsons.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514151652/http://www.gsk.com/infocus/parkinsons.htm |archive-date=14 May 2011 |publisher=GlaxoSmithKline|ref={{Harvid|GlaxoSmithKline}}}} *{{cite web|url=http://davisphinneyfoundation.org/dpf/who-we-are/|title=Who We Are|publisher=Davis Phinney Foundation|access-date=18 January 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111054225/http://davisphinneyfoundation.org/dpf/who-we-are/|archive-date=11 January 2012|ref={{Harvid|Davis Phinney Foundation}}}} ==== News publications ==== *{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/apr/11/michael-j-fox-parkinsons|title='It's the gift that keeps on taking'|date=11 April 2009| vauthors = Brockes E |work=The Guardian|access-date=25 October 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008000425/http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/apr/11/michael-j-fox-parkinsons|archive-date=8 October 2013}} *{{cite news|last1=Burleson|first1=Nate|last2=Breen|first2=Kerry|date=9 November 2023|title=Michael J. Fox talks funding breakthrough research for Parkinson's disease|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/michael-j-fox-parkinsons-research-funded-by-his-foundation/|work=CBS News|access-date=23 November 2023}} *{{cite news| url= http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/time100/article/0,28804,1595326_1615754_1615882,00.html| title=Michael J. Fox| date=3 May 2007| vauthors = Davis P| work=The Time 100| publisher=Time |location=New York |access-date=2 April 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110425013526/http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/time100/article/0,28804,1595326_1615754_1615882,00.html| archive-date=25 April 2011 }} *{{Cite magazine |date=18 January 1960 |title=Education: Joy in Giving |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,828597,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220012106/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,828597,00.html |archive-date=20 February 2011 |access-date=2 April 2011 |magazine=Time|ref={{Harvid|Time 1960}}}} [[Category:Parkinson's disease|Parkinson's disease]] [[Category:Aging-associated diseases]] [[Category:Ailments of unknown cause]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Cytoskeletal defects]] [[Category:Diseases dem name after discoverers]] [[Category:Geriatrics]] [[Category:Neurodegenerative disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] c632lj06kpo9me3qd5zze9rulv85qn6 112539 112332 2026-09-25T02:21:50Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112539 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox medical condition | name = Parkinson's disease | synonym = Parkinson disease, idiopathic anaa primary parkinsonism, hypokinetic rigid syndrome, paralysis agitans, shaking palsy | image = Paralysis agitans (1907, after St. Leger).png | image_size = | image_thumbtime = | alt = Two sketches (one from de front den one from de right side) of a man, plus an expressionless face. He be stooped forward wey he presumably get difficulty wey he dey walk. | caption = Illustration of Parkinson's disease by William Richard Gowers, dem first publish insyd ''A Manual of Diseases of the Nervous System'' (1886) | pronounce = | specialty = Neurology | symptoms = Shaking, rigidity, slowness of movement, difficulty walking | onset = Age over 60 | duration = | causes = Unknown | risks = Pesticide exposure, head injuries | diagnosis = Based for symptoms top | differential = Dementia plus Lewy bodies, progressive supranuclear palsy, essential tremor, antipsychotic use<ref>{{cite book|vauthors= Ferri FF|title=Ferri's differential diagnosis : a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders|url= https://archive.org/details/ferrisdifferenti0000ferr|date=2010|publisher=Elsevier/Mosby|location=Philadelphia, PA|isbn=978-0323076999|page=Chapter P|edition=2nd}}</ref> | prevention = | treatment = Exercise, medications, surgery | medication = L-DOPA, dopamine agonist | prognosis = Life expectancy ~ 15 years<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Golbe LI, Leyton CE |title=Life expectancy in Parkinson disease |journal=Neurology |volume=91 |issue=22 |pages=991–992 |date=November 2018 |pmid=30381371 |doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000006560 |type= Editorial}}</ref> | frequency = 6.2 million (2015) | deaths = 117,400 (2015) }} '''Parkinson's disease''' ('''PD'''), anaa simply '''Parkinson's''', be a neurodegenerative disease primarily of de central nervous system, wey dey affect both motor den non-motor systems. Symptoms typically dey develop gradually, plus non-motor issues wey cam turn more prevalent as de disease dey progress. De motor symptoms be collectively called parkinsonism den dey include tremors, bradykinesia, rigidity as well as postural instability (i.e., difficulty maintaining balance). Non-motor symptoms dey develop later insyd de disease den dey include behavioral changes anaa neuropsychiatric problems such as sleep abnormalities, psychosis, den mood swings. Chaw Parkinson's disease cases be sporadic, though dem identify factors wey dey contribute. Pathophysiology dey involve progressive degeneration of nerve cells insyd de substantia nigra, a midbrain region wey dey provide dopamine to de basal ganglia, a system wey involve insyd voluntary motor control. De cause of dis cell death be poorly understood buh e dey involve de aggregation of alpha-synuclein into Lewy bodies within neurons. Oda potential factors dey involve genetic den environmental influences, medications, lifestyle, den prior health conditions. Diagnosis primarily dey base for [[signs and symptoms]] top, typically motor-related, identified thru neurological examination. Medical imaging techniques like positron emission tomography fi support de diagnosis. Parkinson's typically dey manifest insyd individuals over 60, plus about one percent wey be affect. Insyd those younger dan 50, e be termed "early-onset PD". == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q11085|c=Category:Parkinson's disease|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} === Works dem cite === ==== Books ==== * {{Cite book|title=Parkinson's Disease|vauthors=Bhattacharyya KB|date=2017|publisher=International Review of Neurobiology|veditors=Bhatia KP, Chaudhuri KR, Stamelou M|pages=1–23|chapter=Chapter One – Hallmarks of Clinical Aspects of Parkinson's Disease Through Centuries}} * {{cite book|last1=Bernat|first1=James L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YTY3AAAAQBAJ|title=Ethical and Legal Issues in Neurology|last2=Beresford|first2=Richard|date=2013|publisher=Newnes|isbn=978-0-444-53504-7|language=en}} * {{Cite book|title=Ferri's differential diagnosis: a practical guide to the differential diagnosis of symptoms, signs, and clinical disorders|url=https://archive.org/details/ferrisdifferenti0000ferr|vauthors=Ferri FF|date=2010|publisher=Elsevier/Mosby|isbn=978-0-3230-7699-9|edition=2nd|chapter=Chapter P}} * {{Cite book|title=Handbook of Clinical Neurology|vauthors=Lanska DJ|date=2010|publisher=History of Neurology|isbn=978-0-444-52009-8|series=3|volume=95|pages=501–546|chapter=Chapter 33: The history of movement disorders|doi=10.1016/S0072-9752(08)02133-7|pmid=19892136}} * {{Cite book|title=Physical Rehabilitation|url=https://archive.org/details/physicalrehabili0000unse_f7s7|vauthors=O'Sullivan SB, Schmitz TJ|publisher=F.A. Davis|year=2007|isbn=978-0-8036-1247-1|edition=5th|chapter=Parkinson's Disease}} * {{Cite book|title=Lange Clinical Neurology|vauthors=Simon RP, Greenberg D, Aminoff MJ|publisher=McGraw-Hill|year=2017|isbn=978-1-2598-6172-7|edition=10th}} * {{Cite book|url=https://exonpublications.com/index.php/exon/issue/view/9|title=Parkinson's Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Aspects|date=December 2018|publisher=Codon Publications|isbn=978-0-9944-3816-4|veditors=Stoker TB, Greenland JC|ref=none}} ** {{Cite book|title=Parkinson's disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Aspects|vauthors=Greenland JC, Barker RA|date=2018|publisher=Codon Publications|isbn=978-0-9944-3816-4|veditors=Stoker TB, Greenland JC|pages=109–128|chapter=Chapter 6: The Differential Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease|doi=10.15586/codonpublications.parkinsonsdisease.2018.ch6|pmid=30702839|chapter-url=https://exonpublications.com/index.php/exon/article/view/191/348|s2cid=80908095}} * {{Cite book|title=Parkinson's Disease|publisher=Royal College of Physicians|year=2006|isbn=978-1-8601-6283-1|editor-last=The National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions|location=London|pages=113–133|chapter=Non-motor features of Parkinson's disease|ref={{Harvid|The National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions}}|chapter-url=http://guidance.nice.org.uk/CG35/Guidance/pdf/English|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100924153546/http://guidance.nice.org.uk/CG35/Guidance/pdf/English|archive-date=24 September 2010|url-status=live}} ==== Journal articles ==== * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Aarslanda D, Krambergera MG |date=2015 |title=Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease |journal=Journal of Personalized Medicine |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=659–667 |doi=10.3233/JPD-150604 |pmid=26406147}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Abusrair AH, Elsekaily W, Bohlega S |date=13 September 2022 |title=Tremor in Parkinson's Disease: From Pathophysiology to Advanced Therapies |journal=Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements |volume=12 |issue=1 |page=29 |doi=10.5334/tohm.712 |pmc=9504742 |pmid=36211804 |doi-access=free}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Ahlskog JE |date=July 2011 |title=Does vigorous exercise have a neuroprotective effect in Parkinson disease? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurology_2011-07-19_77_3/page/288 |journal=Neurology |volume=77 |issue=3 |pages=288–294 |doi=10.1212/wnl.0b013e318225ab66 |pmc=3136051 |pmid=21768599}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Alfaidi M, Barker RA, Kuan W |date=2024 |title=An update on immune-based alpha-synuclein trials in Parkinson's disease |journal=Journal of Neurology |volume=272 |issue=1 |page=21 |doi=10.1007/s00415-024-12770-x |pmc=11638298 |pmid=39666171}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Almikhlafi MA |date=January 2024 |title=A review of the gastrointestinal, olfactory, and skin abnormalities in patients with Parkinson's disease |journal=Neurosciences |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=4–9 |doi=10.17712/nsj.2024.1.20230062 |doi-broken-date=1 November 2024 |pmc=10827020 |pmid=38195133}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Armstrong MJ, Okun MS |date=February 2020 |title=Diagnosis and Treatment of Parkinson Disease: A Review |journal=JAMA |volume=323 |issue=6 |pages=548–560 |doi=10.1001/jama.2019.22360 |pmid=32044947 |s2cid=211079287}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Ascherio A, Schwarzschild MA |date=2016 |title=The epidemiology of Parkinson's disease: risk factors and prevention |journal=Lancet Neurology |volume=15 |issue=12 |pages=1257–1272 |doi=10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30230-7 |pmid=27751556}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Atalar MS, Oguz O, Genc G |date=2023 |title=Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review |journal=The Medical Bulletin of Sisle Etfal Hospital |volume=57 |issue=2 |pages=163–170 |doi=10.14744/SEMB.2023.29560 |pmc=10600629 |pmid=37899809}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Bandres-Ciga S, Diez-Fairen M, Kim JJ, Singleton AB |date=April 2020 |title=Genetics of Parkinson's disease: An introspection of its journey towards precision medicine |journal=Neurobiology of Disease |volume=137 |pages=1–9 |doi=10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104782 |pmc=7064061 |pmid=31991247}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Barichella M, Cereda E, Pezzoli G |date=October 2009 |title=Major nutritional issues in the management of Parkinson's disease |journal=Movement Disorders |volume=24 |issue=13 |pages=1881–1892 |doi=10.1002/mds.22705 |pmid=19691125 |hdl-access=free |hdl=2434/67795}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Ben-Shlomo Y, Darweesh S, Llibre-Guerra J, Marras C, Luciano MS, Tanner C |date=2024 |title=The epidemiology of Parkinson's disease |journal=The Lancet |volume=403 |issue=10423 |pages=283–292 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01419-8 |pmc=11123577 |pmid=38245248}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Bereczki D |date=2010 |title=The description of all four cardinal signs of Parkinson's disease in a Hungarian medical text published in 1690 |journal=Parkinsonism & Related Disorders |volume=16 |issue=4 |pages=290–293 |doi=10.1016/j.parkreldis.2009.11.006 |pmid=19948422}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Bidesi NS, Andersen IV, Windhorst AD, Shalgunov V, Herth MM |date=November 2021 |title=The role of neuroimaging in Parkinson's disease |journal=Journal of Neurochemistry |volume=159 |issue=4 |pages=660–689 |doi=10.1111/jnc.15516 |pmc=9291628 |pmid=34532856}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Biundo R, Weis L, Antonini A |date=September 2016 |title=Cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease: the complex picture |journal=npj Parkinson's Disease |volume=2 |page=16018 |doi=10.1038/npjparkd.2016.18 |pmc=5516581 |pmid=28725699 |number=16018}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Bloem BR, Boonstra TA |date=December 2023 |title=The inadequacy of current pesticide regulations for protecting brain health: the case of glyphosate and Parkinson's disease |journal=The Lancet. Planetary Health |volume=7 |issue=12 |pages=e948–e949 |doi=10.1016/s2542-5196(23)00255-3 |pmid=37949088}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Blonder LX |date=2018 |title=Historical and cross-cultural perspectives on Parkinson's disease |journal=Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=1–15 |doi=10.1515/jcim-2016-0065 |pmid=29738310}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Boettcher L, Bonney P, Smitherman A, Sughrue M |date=2015 |title=Hitler's parkinsonism |journal=Neurosurgical Focus |volume=39 |issue=1 |pages=E8 |doi=10.3171/2015.4.FOCUS1563 |pmid=26126407}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Bollu PC, Sahota P |date=2017 |title=Sleep and Parkinson Disease |journal=Missouri Medicine |volume=114 |issue=5 |pages=381–386 |pmc=6140184 |pmid=30228640}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Bologna M, Paparella G, Fasano A, Hallett M, Berardelli A |date=December 2019 |title=Evolving concepts on bradykinesia |journal=Brain |volume=143 |issue=3 |pages=727–750 |doi=10.1093/brain/awz344 |pmc=8205506 |pmid=31834375}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Bologna M, Truong D, Jankovic J |date=2022 |title=The etiopathogenetic and pathophysiological spectrum of parkinsonism |journal=Journal of the Neurological Sciences |volume=433 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.1016/j.jns.2021.120012 |pmid=34642022}} * {{Cite journal |last1=Boonstra |first1=Jackson Tyler |last2=Michielse |first2=Stijn |last3=Temel |first3=Yasin |last4=Hoogland |first4=Govert |last5=Jahanshahi |first5=Ali |date=2020 |title=Neuroimaging Detectable Differences between Parkinson's Disease Motor Subtypes |journal=Movement Disorders Clinical Practice |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=175–192 |doi=10.1002/mdc3.13107 |pmc=7853198 |pmid=33553487}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Borghammer P |date=January 2018 |title=How does parkinson's disease begin? 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a Dream and a Challenge |url= https://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/26/sports/othersports/26cycling.html |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=25 May 2013 |date=26 March 2008 |quote=About 1.5 million Americans have received a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, but only 5 to 10 percent learn of it before age 40, according to the National Parkinson Foundation. Davis Phinney was among the few. |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141106025145/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/26/sports/othersports/26cycling.html |archive-date=6 November 2014}} *{{cite web |title=Michael's Story |url=https://www.michaeljfox.org/michaels-story |website=The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research |access-date=7 May 2023|ref={{Harvid|The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research}}}} *{{Cite web |title=National Parkinson Foundation – Mission |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101221103201/http://parkinson.org/About-Us/Mission |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101221103201/http://parkinson.org/About-Us/Mission |archive-date=21 December 2010 |access-date=28 March 2011 |ref={{Harvid|National Parkinson Foundation}}}} *{{cite web|url=https://www.parkinson.org/understanding-parkinsons/statistics/notable-figures|title=Notable Figures with Parkinson's|publisher=Parkinson's Foundation|access-date=22 November 2023|ref={{Harvid|Parkinson's Foundation}}}} *{{Cite web |date=1 April 2009 |title=Parkinson's – 'the shaking palsy' |url=http://www.gsk.com/infocus/parkinsons.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514151652/http://www.gsk.com/infocus/parkinsons.htm |archive-date=14 May 2011 |publisher=GlaxoSmithKline|ref={{Harvid|GlaxoSmithKline}}}} *{{cite web|url=http://davisphinneyfoundation.org/dpf/who-we-are/|title=Who We Are|publisher=Davis Phinney Foundation|access-date=18 January 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111054225/http://davisphinneyfoundation.org/dpf/who-we-are/|archive-date=11 January 2012|ref={{Harvid|Davis Phinney Foundation}}}} ==== News publications ==== *{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/apr/11/michael-j-fox-parkinsons|title='It's the gift that keeps on taking'|date=11 April 2009| vauthors = Brockes E |work=The Guardian|access-date=25 October 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008000425/http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/apr/11/michael-j-fox-parkinsons|archive-date=8 October 2013}} *{{cite news|last1=Burleson|first1=Nate|last2=Breen|first2=Kerry|date=9 November 2023|title=Michael J. Fox talks funding breakthrough research for Parkinson's disease|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/michael-j-fox-parkinsons-research-funded-by-his-foundation/|work=CBS News|access-date=23 November 2023}} *{{cite news| url= http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/time100/article/0,28804,1595326_1615754_1615882,00.html| title=Michael J. Fox| date=3 May 2007| vauthors = Davis P| work=The Time 100| publisher=Time |location=New York |access-date=2 April 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110425013526/http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/time100/article/0,28804,1595326_1615754_1615882,00.html| archive-date=25 April 2011 }} *{{Cite magazine |date=18 January 1960 |title=Education: Joy in Giving |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,828597,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220012106/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,828597,00.html |archive-date=20 February 2011 |access-date=2 April 2011 |magazine=Time|ref={{Harvid|Time 1960}}}} [[Category:Parkinson's disease|Parkinson's disease]] [[Category:Aging-associated diseases]] [[Category:Ailments of unknown cause]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Cytoskeletal defects]] [[Category:Diseases dem name after discoverers]] [[Category:Geriatrics]] [[Category:Neurodegenerative disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 9ir4ud5x5rex8cp918uf692hvzumejw 0 15506 112348 110761 2026-09-24T17:29:38Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112348 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cannabidiol''' ('''CBD''') be a phytocannabinoid, one of 113 cannabinoids dem identify insyd ''Cannabis'', along plus tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), wey e dey account for up to 40% of de plant ein extract.<ref name="pmid231085532">{{cite journal |vauthors=Campos AC, Moreira FA, Gomes FV, Del Bel EA, Guimarães FS |date=December 2012 |title=Multiple mechanisms involved in the large-spectrum therapeutic potential of cannabidiol in psychiatric disorders |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences |type=Review |volume=367 |issue=1607 |pages=3364–3378 |doi=10.1098/rstb.2011.0389 |pmc=3481531 |pmid=23108553}}</ref> Medically, e be an anticonvulsant dem use take treat multiple forms of epilepsy.<ref name=":0">[https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=8bf27097-4870-43fb-94f0-f3d0871d1eec "Epidiolex – cannabidiol solution"]. ''DailyMed''. August 26, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210225194817/https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=8bf27097-4870-43fb-94f0-f3d0871d1eec Archived] from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2020.</ref> Na dem discover am insyd 1940 den, as of 2024 clinical research for CBD included studies wey relate to de treatment of anxiety, addiction, psychosis, movement disorders, den pain, buh der be insufficient high-quality evidence dat CBD be effective for dese conditions.<ref name="kirkland">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kirkland AE, Fadus MC, Gruber SA, Gray KM, Wilens TE, Squeglia LM |title=A scoping review of the use of cannabidiol in psychiatric disorders |journal=Psychiatry Research |volume=308 |issue= |pages=114347 |date=February 2022 |pmid=34952255 |pmc=8799523 |doi=10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114347}}</ref><ref name="black">{{cite journal | vauthors = Black N, Stockings E, Campbell G, Tran LT, Zagic D, Hall WD, Farrell M, Degenhardt L | title = Cannabinoids for the treatment of mental disorders and symptoms of mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis | journal = The Lancet. Psychiatry | volume = 6 | issue = 12 | pages = 995–1010 | date = December 2019 | pmid = 31672337 | pmc = 6949116 | doi = 10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30401-8 }}</ref><ref name="mayo">{{cite journal | vauthors = VanDolah HJ, Bauer BA, Mauck KF | title = Clinicians' Guide to Cannabidiol and Hemp Oils | journal = Mayo Clinic Proceedings | volume = 94 | issue = 9 | pages = 1840–1851 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31447137 | doi = 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.01.003 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Prud'homme M, Cata R, Jutras-Aswad D | title = Cannabidiol as an Intervention for Addictive Behaviors: A Systematic Review of the Evidence | journal = Substance Abuse | volume = 9 | pages = 33–38 | date = January 2015 | pmid = 26056464 | pmc = 4444130 | doi = 10.4137/SART.S25081 }}</ref> Dem dey sell CBD as an herbal dietary supplement wey dem promote am plus yet unproven claims of particular therapeutic effects.<ref name="sbm2">{{cite web|author-link=|date=September 30, 2020|title=Where Are We With CBD?|url=https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/where-are-we-with-cbd/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812120451/https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/where-are-we-with-cbd/|archive-date=August 12, 2021|access-date=October 1, 2020|publisher=Science-Based Medicine|vauthors=Novella S}}</ref> Dem fi take cannabidiol internally insyd chaw ways, wey dey include by inhaling cannabis smoke anaa vapor, dey swallow am by mouth, den thru use of an aerosol spray into de cheek.<ref name="lipo">{{cite journal |vauthors=Itin C, Barasch D, Domb AJ, Hoffman A |date=May 2020 |title=Prolonged oral transmucosal delivery of highly lipophilic drug cannabidiol |journal=International Journal of Pharmaceutics |volume=581 |pages=119276 |doi=10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119276 |pmid=32243971 |s2cid=214785913}}</ref><ref name="MetaOpinion">{{cite journal |vauthors=Itin C, Domb AJ, Hoffman A |date=October 2019 |title=A meta-opinion: cannabinoids delivered to oral mucosa by a spray for systemic absorption are rather ingested into gastro-intestinal tract: the influences of fed / fasting states |journal=Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery |volume=16 |issue=10 |pages=1031–1035 |doi=10.1080/17425247.2019.1653852 |pmid=31393180 |s2cid=199505274}}</ref> E fi be supplied as CBD oil wey dey contain CBD per as de active ingredient (wey dey exclude THC anaa terpenes), CBD-dominant hemp extract oil, capsules, dried cannabis, anaa prescription liquid solution.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="mayo" /> CBD no get de same psychoactivity as Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC),<ref name="pmid28232276">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pisanti S, Malfitano AM, Ciaglia E, Lamberti A, Ranieri R, Cuomo G, Abate M, Faggiana G, Proto MC, Fiore D, Laezza C, Bifulco M |date=July 2017 |title=Cannabidiol: State of the art and new challenges for therapeutic applications |journal=Pharmacology & Therapeutics |volume=175 |pages=133–150 |doi=10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.041 |pmid=28232276}}</ref><ref name="Iseger2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Iseger TA, Bossong MG |date=March 2015 |title=A systematic review of the antipsychotic properties of cannabidiol in humans |journal=Schizophrenia Research |volume=162 |issue=1–3 |pages=153–161 |doi=10.1016/j.schres.2015.01.033 |pmid=25667194 |s2cid=3745655}}</ref> wey e fi modulate de psychoactive effects of THC for de body top if both be present.<ref name="pmid231085533">{{cite journal |vauthors=Campos AC, Moreira FA, Gomes FV, Del Bel EA, Guimarães FS |date=December 2012 |title=Multiple mechanisms involved in the large-spectrum therapeutic potential of cannabidiol in psychiatric disorders |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences |type=Review |volume=367 |issue=1607 |pages=3364–3378 |doi=10.1098/rstb.2011.0389 |pmc=3481531 |pmid=23108553}}</ref><ref name="pmid28232276" /><ref name="Boggs">{{cite journal |vauthors=Boggs DL, Nguyen JD, Morgenson D, Taffe MA, Ranganathan M |date=January 2018 |title=Clinical and Preclinical Evidence for Functional Interactions of Cannabidiol and Δ{{sup|9}}-Tetrahydrocannabinol |journal=Neuropsychopharmacology |volume=43 |issue=1 |pages=142–154 |doi=10.1038/npp.2017.209 |pmc=5719112 |pmid=28875990}}</ref><ref name="pmid26836472">{{cite journal |vauthors=Aizpurua-Olaizola O, Soydaner U, Öztürk E, Schibano D, Simsir Y, Navarro P, Etxebarria N, Usobiaga A |date=February 2016 |title=Evolution of the Cannabinoid and Terpene Content during the Growth of Cannabis sativa Plants from Different Chemotypes |url=https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/5028338 |url-status=live |journal=Journal of Natural Products |volume=79 |issue=2 |pages=324–331 |bibcode=2016JNAtP..79..324A |doi=10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00949 |pmid=26836472 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230105025827/https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Evolution_of_the_Cannabinoid_and_Terpene_Content_during_the_Growth_of_Cannabis_sativa_Plants_from_Different_Chemotypes/5028338 |archive-date=January 5, 2023 |access-date=November 27, 2022 |hdl=1874/350973}}</ref> Conversion of CBD to THC fi occur wen CBD be heated to temperatures between 250–300 °C, potentially wey dey lead to ein partial transformation into THC.<ref name="Czégény_2021">{{cite journal |vauthors=Czégény Z, Nagy G, Babinszki B, Bajtel Á, Sebestyén Z, Kiss T, Csupor-Löffler B, Tóth B, Csupor D |date=April 2021 |title=CBD, a precursor of THC in e-cigarettes |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=8951 |bibcode=2021NatSR..11.8951C |doi=10.1038/s41598-021-88389-z |pmc=8076212 |pmid=33903673}}</ref> == Chemistry == At room temperature, cannabidiol be a colorless crystalline solid.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Jones PG, Falvello L, Kennard O, Sheldrick GM, Mechoulam R |year=1977 |title=Cannabidiol |journal=Acta Crystallogr. B |volume=33 |issue=10 |pages=3211–3214 |bibcode=1977AcCrB..33.3211J |doi=10.1107/S0567740877010577 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Insyd strongly basic media den de presence of air, e be oxidized to cannabinodiol (CBND) den a quinone wey be called HU-331.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Mechoulam R, Ben-Zvi Z, Gaoni Y |date=August 1968 |title=Hashish – 13. On the nature of the Beam test |journal=Tetrahedron |volume=24 |issue=16 |pages=5615–5624 |doi=10.1016/0040-4020(68)88159-1 |pmid=5732891}}</ref> Under acidic conditions e dey cyclize to THC,<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Gaoni Y, Mechoulam R |year=1966 |title=Hashish – VII The isomerization of cannabidiol to tetrahydrocannabinols |journal=Tetrahedron |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=1481–1488 |doi=10.1016/S0040-4020(01)99446-3}}</ref> wich sanso dey occur during pyrolysis,<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Küppers FJ, Bercht CA, Salemink CA, Lousberg RC, Terlouw JK, Heerma W |year=1975 |title=Cannabis – XV: Pyrolysis of cannabidiol. Structure elucidation of four pyrolytic products |journal=Tetrahedron |volume=31 |issue=13–14 |pages=1513–1516 |doi=10.1016/0040-4020(75)87002-5}}</ref> den during smoking.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Quarles W, Ellman G, Jones R |date=1973 |title=Toxicology of marijuana: conditions for conversion of cannabidiol to THC upon smoking |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-toxicology_summer-1973_6_2/page/211 |journal=Clinical Toxicology |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=211–216 |doi=10.3109/15563657308990520 |pmid=4715204}}</ref> Na de synthesis of cannabidiol be accomplished by chaw research groups.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Petrzilka T, Haefliger W, Sikemeier C, Ohloff G, Eschenmoser A |date=March 1967 |title=[Synthesis and optical rotation of the (-)-cannabidiols] |journal=Helvetica Chimica Acta |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=719–723 |doi=10.1002/hlca.19670500235 |pmid=5587099}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Gaoni Y, Mechoulam R |year=1985 |title=Boron trifluoride etherate on alumuna&nbsp;– a modified Lewis acid reagent. An improved synthesis of cannabidiol |journal=Tetrahedron Letters |volume=26 |issue=8 |pages=1083–1086 |doi=10.1016/S0040-4039(00)98518-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Kobayashi Y, Takeuchi A, Wang YG |date=June 2006 |title=Synthesis of cannabidiols via alkenylation of cyclohexenyl monoacetate |journal=Organic Letters |volume=8 |issue=13 |pages=2699–2702 |doi=10.1021/ol060692h |pmid=16774235}}</ref> [[File:Intramolekulare_cyklisierung_von_CBD_zu_Δ9-THC.png|center|class=skin-invert-image|thumb|Possible mechanism of intramolecular cyclization of CBD to Δ{{sup|9}}-THC<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Gaoni Y, Mechoulam R |date=January 1966 |title=Hashish – VII: The isomerization of cannabidiol to tetrahydrocannabinols. |journal=Tetrahedron |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=1481–1488 |doi=10.1016/S0040-4020(01)99446-3}}</ref>]] === Overview === {| class="wikitable" !Category !Compound !Description |- |Analog |4'-Fluorocannabidiol |fluorinated cannabidiol derivative of CBD |- |Analog |Cannabidibutol (CBDB) |an analogue to tetrahydrocannabutol (THCB) |- |Analog |Cannabidiol diacetate |a semi-synthetic derivative of CBD |- |Analog |Cannabidiol dimethyl ether (CBDD) |an analog of CBD |- |Analog |H4-CBD |a structural analog of CBD |- |Analog |HU-320 |a structural analog of CBD |- |Analog |KLS-13019 |a structural analog of CBD |- |Homologue |8,9-Dihydrocannabidiol (H2CBD) |synthetic derivative of CBD |- |Homologue |Cannabidiorcol (CBD-C1) |a homologue of CBD |- |Homologue |Cannabidiphorol (CBDP) |de heptyl-homologue of CBD |- |Homologue |Cannabidivarin (CBDV) |a homologue of CBD |- |Homologue |CBD-DMH |synthetic homologue of CBD |- |Homologue |Δ-6-Cannabidiol |a positional isomer of CBD |- |Isomer |Abnormal cannabidiol |a synthetic regioisomer of CBD |- |Metabolite |7-Hydroxycannabidiol (7-OH-CBD) |an active metabolite of CBD |- |Precursor |Cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) |precursor to CBD |} ===Biosynthesis=== [[File:Cannabidiol and THC biosynthesis.svg|class=skin-invert-image|upright=1.3|thumb|Cannabidiol den THC biosynthesis<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Taura F, Sirikantaramas S, Shoyama Y, Yoshikai K, Shoyama Y, Morimoto S | title = Cannabidiolic-acid synthase, the chemotype-determining enzyme in the fiber-type Cannabis sativa | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 581 | issue = 16 | pages = 2929–2934 | date = June 2007 | pmid = 17544411 | doi = 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.05.043 | s2cid = 20253070 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2007FEBSL.581.2929T }}</ref>]] ''Cannabis'' dey produce CBD thru de same metabolic pathway as THC, til de next to last step, wer CBDA synthase dey perform catalysis instead of THCA synthase.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Marks MD, Tian L, Wenger JP, Omburo SN, Soto-Fuentes W, He J, Gang DR, Weiblen GD, Dixon RA | title = Identification of candidate genes affecting Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol biosynthesis in Cannabis sativa | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-experimental-botany_2009_60_13/page/3715 | journal = Journal of Experimental Botany | volume = 60 | issue = 13 | pages = 3715–3726 | year = 2009 | pmid = 19581347 | pmc = 2736886 | doi = 10.1093/jxb/erp210 }}</ref> ===Isomerism=== [[File:Cannabidiol numbering.svg|class=skin-invert-image|center|250px|Cannabidiol numbering]] {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="<!--font-size:small;--> clear:left; width:50%;" |+ class="nowrap" |Cannabidiol's 7 double bond isomers den dema 30 stereoisomers |- ! colspan="3" | Formal numbering !! colspan="2" | Terpenoid numbering !! rowspan="2" | Number of stereoisomers !! rowspan="2" | Natural occurrence !! rowspan="2" |Convention on Psychotropic Substances Schedule !! rowspan="2" | Structure |- ! style="width:90px;" | Short name !! Chiral centers !! Full name !! style="width:90px;" | Short name !! Chiral centers |- | Δ{{sup|5}}-Cannabidiol || 1 den 3 || 2-(6-isopropenyl-3-methyl-5-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol || Δ{{sup|4}}-Cannabidiol || 1 den 3 || 4 || No || Unscheduled ||[[File:2-(6-Isopropenyl-3-methyl-5-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol.png|150px]] |- | Δ{{sup|4}}-Cannabidiol || 1, 3 den 6 || 2-(6-isopropenyl-3-methyl-4-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol || Δ{{sup|5}}-Cannabidiol || 1, 3 den 4 || 8 || No || Unscheduled ||[[File:2-(6-Isopropenyl-3-methyl-4-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol.png|150px]] |- | Δ{{sup|3}}-Cannabidiol || 1 den 6 || 2-(6-isopropenyl-3-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol || Δ{{sup|6}}-Cannabidiol || 3 den 4 || 4 || Yes || Unscheduled ||[[File:2-(6-Isopropenyl-3-methyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol.png|150px]] |- | Δ{{sup|3,7}}-Cannabidiol || 1 den 6 || 2-(6-isopropenyl-3-methylenecyclohex-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol || Δ{{sup|1,7}}-Cannabidiol || 3 den 4 || 4 || No || Unscheduled ||[[File:2-(6-Isopropenyl-3-methylenecyclohex-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol.png|150px]] |- |'''Δ{{sup|2}}-Cannabidiol'''||'''1 den 6'''||'''2-(6-isopropenyl-3-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol'''||'''Δ{{sup|1}}-Cannabidiol'''||'''3 den 4'''||'''4'''||'''Yes'''||'''Unscheduled'''||[[File:2-(6-Isopropenyl-3-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol.png|150px]] |- | Δ{{sup|1}}-Cannabidiol || 3 den 6 || 2-(6-isopropenyl-3-methyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol || Δ{{sup|2}}-Cannabidiol || 1 den 4 || 4 || No || Unscheduled ||[[File:2-(6-Isopropenyl-3-methyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol.png|150px]] |- | Δ{{sup|6}}-Cannabidiol || 3 || 2-(6-isopropenyl-3-methyl-6-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol || Δ{{sup|3}}-Cannabidiol ||1 || 2 || No || Unscheduled ||[[File:2-(6-Isopropenyl-3-methyl-6-cyclohexen-1-yl)-5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol.png|150px]] |} ===Pyrolysis=== Insyd de typical operating temperature range of e-cigarettes (250–400 °C (482–752 °F)), 25–52% of CBD be transformed into oda chemical substances: Δ9-THC, Δ8-THC, cannabinol den cannabichromene as predominant pyrolysates. From a chemical point of view, CBD insyd e-cigarettes fi be considered a precursor of THC.<ref name = "Czégény_2021" /> ===Synthetic derivatives=== Numerous synthetic derivatives of CBD be known, wey na dem be researched for generally similar applications as CBD einself.<ref name = "Nelson2020">{{cite journal | vauthors = Nelson KM, Bisson J, Singh G, Graham JG, Chen SN, Friesen JB, Dahlin JL, Niemitz M, Walters MA, Pauli GF | title = The Essential Medicinal Chemistry of Cannabidiol (CBD) | journal = Journal of Medicinal Chemistry | volume = 63 | issue = 21 | pages = 12137–12155 | date = November 2020 | pmid = 32804502 | doi = 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00724 | pmc = 7666069 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://direct.mit.edu/books/oa-monograph/5355/CBDWhat-Does-the-Science-Say CBD: What Does the Science Say?] * {{Cite news |title=Why Is CBD Everywhere? |vauthors=Williams A |work=The New York Times |date=October 27, 2018 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/27/style/cbd-benefits.html |issn=0362-4331 |access-date=November 17, 2018 |archive-date=October 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022054134/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/27/style/cbd-benefits.html |url-status=live }} * Dunning B (May 18, 2021). [https://skeptoid.com/episodes/4780 "Skeptoid #780: CBD for Everything: Cannabidiol is sold as an additive to just about every kind of product you can imagine. Why?"]. ''Skeptoid''. Retrieved May 21, 2022. {{Authority control}} [[Category:5-HT1A agonists]] [[Category:Analgesics]] [[Category:Anti-inflammatory agents]] [[Category:Anticonvulsants]] [[Category:Cyclohexenes]] [[Category:CYP2D6 inhibitors]] [[Category:CYP3A4 inhibitors]] [[Category:Drugs plus unknown mechanisms of action]] [[Category:Endocannabinoid reuptake inhibitors]] [[Category:Experimental anxiolytics]] [[Category:Natural phenols]] [[Category:Opioid receptor negative allosteric modulators]] [[Category:Orphan drugs]] [[Category:Phytocannabinoids]] [[Category:Resorcinols]] [[Category:Transient receptor potential channel modulators]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] j0omha4atclhosm3ag5up47e1ikuvzp 0 15550 112464 108693 2026-09-25T00:19:57Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112464 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox medical condition | name = Cancer | image = Tumor Mesothelioma2 legend.jpg | caption = A coronal CT scan wey dey show a malignant mesothelioma<br />Legend: →&nbsp;tumor&nbsp;←, ✱&nbsp;central pleural effusion, 1 & 3&nbsp;lungs, 2&nbsp;spine, 4&nbsp;ribs, 5&nbsp;aorta, 6&nbsp;spleen, 7 & 8&nbsp;kidneys, 9&nbsp;liver | field = Oncology | synonyms = Malignant tumor, malignant neoplasm | pronounce = | symptoms = Lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, change insyd bowel movements | complications = | onset = | duration = | causes = | risks = Exposure to carcinogens, tobacco, obesity, poor diet, lack of physical activity, excessive alcohol, certain infections | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = Radiation therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy | medication = | prognosis = Average five-year survival 66% (USA) | frequency = 24 million annually (2019)<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kocarnik JM, Compton K, Dean FE, Fu W, Gaw BL, Harvey JD, etal | title = Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 | journal = JAMA Oncology | volume = 8 | issue = 3 | pages = 420–444 | date = March 2022 | pmid = 34967848 | pmc = 8719276 | doi = 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6987 |issn = 2374-2437}}</ref> | deaths = 10 million annually (2019) }} '''Cancer''' be a group of diseases wey dey involve abnormal cell growth plus de potential make dem invade anaa spread to oda parts of de body.<ref name="WHO2018">{{Cite web|date=12 September 2018|title=Cancer|url=https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer|access-date=19 December 2018|website=World Health Organization}}</ref><ref name=":0">[https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/understanding/what-is-cancer "What Is Cancer?"]. National Cancer Institute. 17 September 2007. Retrieved 28 March 2018.</ref> Dese contrast plus benign tumors, wich no dey spread.<ref name=":0" /> Possible signs den symptoms dey include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, den a change insyd bowel movements.<ref name="NHS2012">{{cite web|title=Cancer – Signs and symptoms|url=http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Cancer/Pages/Symptoms.aspx|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140608104550/http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/cancer/Pages/symptoms.aspx|archive-date=8 June 2014|access-date=10 June 2014|website=NHS Choices}}</ref> While dese symptoms fi indicate cancer, dem sanso get oda causes.<ref name="NHS2012" /> Over 100 types of cancers dey affect humans.<ref name=":0" /> Tobacco use be de cause of about 22% of cancer deaths.<ref name="WHO20182">{{cite web|date=12 September 2018|title=Cancer|url=https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer|access-date=19 December 2018|website=World Health Organization}}</ref> Anoda 10% be secof obesity, poor diet, lack of physical activity anaa excessive alcohol consumption.<ref name="WHO20182" /><ref>{{cite web|date=3 January 2012|title=Obesity and Cancer Risk|url=http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/obesity/obesity-fact-sheet#q3|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704154440/http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/obesity/obesity-fact-sheet#q3|archive-date=4 July 2015|access-date=4 July 2015|publisher=National Cancer Institute}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Jayasekara H, MacInnis RJ, Room R, English DR |date=May 2016 |title=Long-Term Alcohol Consumption and Breast, Upper Aero-Digestive Tract and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |journal=Alcohol and Alcoholism |volume=51 |issue=3 |pages=315–30 |doi=10.1093/alcalc/agv110 |pmid=26400678 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Oda factors dey include certain infections, exposure to ionizing radiation, den environmental pollutants.<ref name="Enviro2008">{{cite journal |vauthors=Anand P, Kunnumakkara AB, Sundaram C, Harikumar KB, Tharakan ST, Lai OS, Sung B, Aggarwal BB |date=September 2008 |title=Cancer is a preventable disease that requires major lifestyle changes |journal=Pharmaceutical Research |volume=25 |issue=9 |pages=2097–116 |doi=10.1007/s11095-008-9661-9 |pmc=2515569 |pmid=18626751}}</ref> Infection plus specific viruses, bacteria den parasites be an environmental factor wey dey cause approximately 16–18% of cancers worldwide.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=de Martel |first1=Catherine |last2=Georges |first2=Damien |last3=Bray |first3=Freddie |last4=Ferlay |first4=Jacques |last5=Clifford |first5=Gary M |date=15 February 2020 |title=Global burden of cancer attributable to infections in 2018: a worldwide incidence analysis |journal=The Lancet Global Health |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=e180–e190 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30488-7 |pmid=31862245 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dese infectious agents dey include ''Helicobacter pylori'', hepatitis B, hepatitis C, human papillomavirus infection, Epstein–Barr virus, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus den Merkel cell polyomavirus. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) no dey directly cause cancer buh e dey cause immune deficiency wey fi magnify de risk secof oda infections, sometimes up to chaw thousandfold (insyd de case of Kaposi's sarcoma). Importantly, na vaccination against hepatitis B den human papillomavirus show make e nearly eliminate de risk of cancers wey be caused by dese viruses for persons wey successfully vaccinate prior to infection. De most common types of cancer insyd males be lung cancer, [[prostate cancer]], colorectal cancer, den stomach cancer.<ref name="WCR2014">{{cite book|title=World Cancer Report 2014|url=https://archive.org/details/worldcancerrepor0000unse_p0u5|date=2014|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-92-832-0429-9|pages=Chapter 1.1}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite journal |vauthors=Siegel RL, Miller KD, Wagle NS, Jemal A |date=January 2023 |title=Cancer statistics, 2023 |journal=CA |volume=73 |issue=1 |pages=17–48 |doi=10.3322/caac.21763 |pmid=36633525 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Insyd females, de most common types be breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, den cervical cancer.<ref name="WCR2014" /><ref name="auto" /> If na skin cancer oda dan melanoma be included insyd total new cancer cases each year, e go account for around 40% of cases.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Dubas LE, Ingraffea A |date=February 2013 |title=Nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal=Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=43–53 |doi=10.1016/j.fsc.2012.10.003 |pmid=23369588}}</ref><ref name="Cak2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cakir BÖ, Adamson P, Cingi C |date=November 2012 |title=Epidemiology and economic burden of nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal=Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=419–422 |doi=10.1016/j.fsc.2012.07.004 |pmid=23084294}}</ref> Insyd kiddies, acute lymphoblastic leukemia den brain tumors be most common, except insyd [[Africa]], wer non-Hodgkin lymphoma dey occur more often.<ref name="WCR2014Peads2">{{cite book|url=http://www.searo.who.int/publications/bookstore/documents/9283204298/en/|title=World Cancer Report 2014|date=2014|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-92-832-0429-9|pages=Chapter 1.3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712114430/http://www.searo.who.int/publications/bookstore/documents/9283204298/en/|archive-date=12 July 2017}}</ref> Insyd 2012, na dem diagnose about 165,000 kiddies under 15 years of age plus cancer.<ref name="WCR2014" /> De risk of cancer dey increase significantly plus age, wey chaw cancers dey occur more commonly insyd developed countries.<ref name="WCR2014" /> Rates dey increase as more people dey live to an old age den as lifestyle changes dey occur insyd de developing world.<ref name="Epi11">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman D |date=February 2011 |title=Global cancer statistics |journal=CA |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=69–90 |doi=10.3322/caac.20107 |pmid=21296855 |s2cid=30500384 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Na de global total economic costs of cancer be estimated for US$1.16 trillion (equivalent to $1.67 trillion insyd 2024) per year as of 2010.<ref name="WCR2014Eco">{{cite book|url=http://www.searo.who.int/publications/bookstore/documents/9283204298/en/|title=World Report 2014|date=2014|publisher=World Health Organization|isbn=978-92-832-0429-9|pages=Chapter 6.7|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712114430/http://www.searo.who.int/publications/bookstore/documents/9283204298/en/|archive-date=12 July 2017}}</ref> [[File:En.Wikipedia-VideoWiki-Cancer.webm|thumbtime=0:32|thumb|Video summary (script)]] == References == [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] <references /> == Read further == * {{cite book | vauthors = Bast RC, Croe CM, Hait WN, Hong WK, Kufe DW, Piccart-Gebhart M, Pollock RE, Weichselbaum RR, Yang H, Holland JF |title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=onCBjwEACAAJ}} |year=2016 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-1-118-93469-2}} * {{cite book | vauthors = Kleinsmith LJ |title=Principles of cancer biology |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=LKVrAAAAMAAJ}}|year=2006|publisher=Pearson Benjamin Cummings|isbn=978-0-8053-4003-7}} * {{cite book|last=Mukherjee|first=Siddhartha|author-link=|title=The Emperor of All Maladies: A Biography of Cancer|year=2010|publisher=Simon & Schuster|isbn=978-1-4391-0795-9|url=https://archive.org/details/emperorofallmala00mukh|access-date=7 August 2013}} * {{cite book|vauthors=Pazdur R, Camphausen KA, Wagman LD, Hoskins WJ|title=Cancer Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach|year=2009|publisher=Cmp United Business Media|isbn=978-1-891483-62-2|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090515031918/http://www.cancernetwork.com/cancer-management-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090515031918/https://web.archive.org/web/20090515031918/http://www.cancernetwork.com/cancer-management-11|archive-date=15 May 2009}} * {{cite book | vauthors = Schwab M |title=Encyclopedia of Cancer |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=mLUEf1kbbDgC}}|year= 2008|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-3-540-36847-2}} * {{cite book | vauthors = Tannock I |title=The basic science of oncology |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=Bb4F4pj2BdYC}}|year=2005|publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional|isbn=978-0-07-138774-3}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q12078|c=Category:Cancer (illness)|n=Category:Cancer|q=Cancer|b=no|v=Cell biology/Cancer|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Cancer|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://www.iarc.who.int/cards_page/iarc-publications/ IARC Publications] (WHO) | [https://publications.iarc.fr/ Publications.iarc.fr] * [https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2021/08/caitlin-flanagan-secret-of-surviving-cancer/619844/ "On telling cancer patients to have a positive attitude"] at ''The Atlantic'' * [https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer WHO fact sheet on cancer] * National Firefighter Registry (NFR) for Cancer, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), [[United States|USA]] * [https://stopcarcinogensatwork.eu Stop carcinogens at work], EU OSHA. The site shares information to help prevent workers from being exposed to carcinogens in the workplace. * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/cancer/about/index.html Occupational Cancer], NIOSH. * NIOSH Pocket guide to chemical hazards, [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/nengapdxa.html#:~:text=Potential%20occupational%20carcinogen%20means%20any,more%20experimental%20mammalian%20species%20as Appendix A- NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens]. {{Authority control}} [[Category:Cancer]] [[Category:Aging-associated diseases]] [[Category:Oncology|*Cancer]] [[Category:Causes of amputation]] [[Category:Latin words den phrases]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] jl23s7vxgjkle69rfts5kekzdrrwntd 0 15617 112357 110736 2026-09-24T17:43:43Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112357 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Infobox medical condition (new) | name = Crohn's disease | image = Macro Iléon terminal, caecum et côlon ascendant - Maladie de Crohn 55-o.apatho-1691p-ilcaco.jpg | caption = A preserved section of de terminal ileum, de cecum, den de ascending colon, all of wich dey display signs of severe Crohn's disease | image2 = Crohn's Disease vs Colitis ulcerosa.svg | caption2 = De three most common sites of intestinal involvement insyd Crohn's disease (left) dem compare to de areas wey be affected by ''ulcerative colitis'' (''colitis ulcerosa'', right) | field = Gastroenterology | synonyms = Crohn disease, Crohn syndrome, granulomatous enteritis, regional enteritis, Leśniowski-Crohn disease | symptoms = Abdominal pain, diarrhea (fi be bloody), fever, weight loss, fatigue, mouth sores, reduced appetite<ref name>{{cite web |title=Crohn's disease |url=https://www.autoimmuneregistry.org/crohns-disease |access-date=June 15, 2022 |website=Autoimmune Registry Inc. |archive-date=June 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615184526/https://www.autoimmuneregistry.org/crohns-disease |url-status=live}}</ref> | complications = Anemia, skin rashes, arthritis, bowel cancer | onset = 20–29 years | duration = Long term | causes = Uncertain | risks = Genetic predisposition, wey dey live insyd a developed country,<ref name="Baumgart2007">{{cite journal | vauthors = Baumgart DC, Carding SR | title = Inflammatory bowel disease: cause and immunobiology | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_may-12-18-2007_369_9573/page/1627 | journal = Lancet | volume = 369 | issue = 9573 | pages = 1627–1640 | date = May 2007 | pmid = 17499605 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60750-8 }}</ref><br />stress,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mawdsley JE, Rampton DS | title = Psychological stress in IBD: new insights into pathogenic and therapeutic implications | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_gut_2005-10_54_10/page/1481 | journal = Gut | volume = 54 | issue = 10 | pages = 1481–1491 | date = October 2005 | pmid = 16162953 | pmc = 1774724 | doi = 10.1136/gut.2005.064261 }}</ref> tobacco smoking,<br/>dem undergo an appendectomy<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Koutroubakis IE, Vlachonikolis IG, Kapsoritakis A, Spanoudakis S, Roussomoustakaki M, Mouzas IA, Kouroumalis EA, Manousos ON | title = Appendectomy, tonsillectomy, and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: case-controlled study in Crete | journal = Diseases of the Colon and Rectum | volume = 42 | issue = 2 | pages = 225–230 | date = February 1999 | pmid = 10211500 | doi = 10.1007/BF02237133 | url = https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02237133 | url-status = live | s2cid = 31528819 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190613235036/https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02237133 | archive-date = June 13, 2019 | url-access = subscription }}<!-- auto-translated from Dutch by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Frisch M, Gridley G | title = Appendectomy in adulthood and the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_scandinavian-journal-of-gastroenterology_2002-10_37_10/page/n66 | journal = Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology | volume = 37 | issue = 10 | pages = 1175–1177 | date = October 2002 | pmid = 12408522 | doi = 10.1080/003655202760373380 }}</ref> anaa tonsillectomy<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sun W, Han X, Wu S, Yang C | title = Tonsillectomy and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis | journal = Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology | volume = 31 | issue = 6 | pages = 1085–1094 | date = June 2016 | pmid = 26678358 | doi = 10.1111/jgh.13273 | url = http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jgh.13273/abstract | access-date = February 9, 2024 | url-status = live | s2cid = 2625962 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170816192410/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jgh.13273/abstract | archive-date = August 16, 2017 | url-access = subscription }}<!-- auto-translated from Dutch by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> | diagnosis = Biopsy, medical imaging | differential = [[Irritable bowel syndrome]], celiac disease, Behçet's disease, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug enteropathy, intestinal [[tuberculosis]] | prevention = | treatment = | medication = Corticosteroids, biological therapy, immunosuppressants such as azathioprine, methotrexate | prognosis = Slightly increased risk of death | frequency = 3.2 per 1,000 (developed world) | deaths = | alt = | named after = Burrill Bernard Crohn }} '''Crohn's disease''' be a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) wey fi affect any segment of de gastrointestinal tract.<ref name="NIDDK2017">{{cite web|title=Crohn's Disease|url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/crohns-disease/all-content|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208230827/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/crohns-disease/all-content|archive-date=December 8, 2019|access-date=December 8, 2019|website=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)}}</ref> Symptoms often dey include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, abdominal distension, den weight loss.<ref name="NIDDK2017" /><ref name="Baumgart2012">{{cite journal | vauthors = Baumgart DC, Sandborn WJ | title = Crohn's disease | journal = Lancet | volume = 380 | issue = 9853 | pages = 1590–1605 | date = November 2012 | pmid = 22914295 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60026-9 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref> Complications outsyd of de gastrointestinal tract fi include anemia, skin rashes, arthritis, inflammation of de eye, den fatigue.<ref name="Baumgart2012" /> De skin rashes fi be secof infections, as well as pyoderma gangrenosum anaa erythema nodosum.<ref name="Baumgart2012" /> Bowel obstruction fi occur as a complication of chronic inflammation, den those plus de disease be at greater risk of colon cancer den small bowel cancer.<ref name="Baumgart2012" /> Although de precise causes of Crohn's disease (CD) be unknown, dem dey believe e be caused by a combination of environmental, immune, den bacterial factors in genetically susceptible individuals.<ref name="NIDDK2017" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Cho JH, Brant SR |date=May 2011 |title=Recent insights into the genetics of inflammatory bowel disease |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=140 |issue=6 |pages=1704–1712 |doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2011.02.046 |pmc=4947143 |pmid=21530736}}</ref><ref name="Bact08">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dessein R, Chamaillard M, Danese S |date=September 2008 |title=Innate immunity in Crohn's disease: the reverse side of the medal |journal=Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology |volume=42 |issue=Suppl 3 Pt 1 |pages=S144–S147 |doi=10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181662c90 |pmid=18806708}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Stefanelli T, Malesci A, Repici A, Vetrano S, Danese S |date=May 2008 |title=New insights into inflammatory bowel disease pathophysiology: paving the way for novel therapeutic targets |journal=Current Drug Targets |volume=9 |issue=5 |pages=413–418 |doi=10.2174/138945008784221170 |pmid=18473770}}</ref> E dey result insyd a chronic inflammatory disorder, insyd wich de body ein immune system dey defend de gastrointestinal tract, possibly dey target microbial antigens.<ref name="Bact08" /><ref name="pmid19437144">{{cite journal |vauthors=Marks DJ, Rahman FZ, Sewell GW, Segal AW |date=February 2010 |title=Crohn's disease: an immune deficiency state |journal=Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=20–31 |doi=10.1007/s12016-009-8133-2 |pmc=4568313 |pmid=19437144}}</ref> While Crohn's be an immune-related disease, e no dey seem to be an autoimmune disease (de immune system no be triggered by de body einself).<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Casanova JL, Abel L |date=August 2009 |title=Revisiting Crohn's disease as a primary immunodeficiency of macrophages |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-experimental-medicine_2009-08-31_206_9/page/1839 |journal=The Journal of Experimental Medicine |volume=206 |issue=9 |pages=1839–1843 |doi=10.1084/jem.20091683 |pmc=2737171 |pmid=19687225}}</ref> De exact underlying immune problem no be clear; however, e fi be an immunodeficiency state.<ref name="pmid19437144" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Lalande JD, Behr MA |date=July 2010 |title=Mycobacteria in Crohn's disease: how innate immune deficiency may result in chronic inflammation |journal=Expert Review of Clinical Immunology |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=633–641 |doi=10.1586/eci.10.29 |pmid=20594136 |s2cid=25402952}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Yamamoto-Furusho JK, Korzenik JR |date=November 2006 |title=Crohn's disease: innate immunodeficiency? |journal=World Journal of Gastroenterology |volume=12 |issue=42 |pages=6751–6755 |doi=10.3748/wjg.v12.i42.6751 |pmc=4087427 |pmid=17106921 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref> About half of de overall risk be related to genetics, plus more dan 70 genes be involved.<ref name="Baumgart2012" /><ref name="genetic_link">{{cite journal |vauthors=Barrett JC, Hansoul S, Nicolae DL, Cho JH, Duerr RH, Rioux JD, Brant SR, Silverberg MS, Taylor KD, Barmada MM, Bitton A, Dassopoulos T, Datta LW, Green T, Griffiths AM, Kistner EO, Murtha MT, Regueiro MD, Rotter JI, Schumm LP, Steinhart AH, Targan SR, Xavier RJ, Libioulle C, Sandor C, Lathrop M, Belaiche J, Dewit O, Gut I, Heath S, Laukens D, Mni M, Rutgeerts P, Van Gossum A, Zelenika D, Franchimont D, Hugot JP, de Vos M, Vermeire S, Louis E, Cardon LR, Anderson CA, Drummond H, Nimmo E, Ahmad T, Prescott NJ, Onnie CM, Fisher SA, Marchini J, Ghori J, Bumpstead S, Gwilliam R, Tremelling M, Deloukas P, Mansfield J, Jewell D, Satsangi J, Mathew CG, Parkes M, Georges M, Daly MJ |date=August 2008 |title=Genome-wide association defines more than 30 distinct susceptibility loci for Crohn's disease |journal=Nature Genetics |volume=40 |issue=8 |pages=955–962 |doi=10.1038/ng.175 |pmc=2574810 |pmid=18587394}}</ref> Tobacco smokers be three times as likely make dem develop Crohn's disease as non-smokers.<ref name="Cosnes2004">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cosnes J |date=June 2004 |title=Tobacco and IBD: relevance in the understanding of disease mechanisms and clinical practice |journal=Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=481–496 |doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2003.12.003 |pmid=15157822}}</ref> Crohn's disease be often be triggered after a gastroenteritis episode.<ref name="Baumgart2012" /> Oda conditions plus similar symptoms dey include [[irritable bowel syndrome]] den Behçet's disease.<ref name="Baumgart2012" /> Crohn's disease dey affect about 3.2 per 1,000 people insyd Europe den [[North America]];<ref name="Mol2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Molodecky NA, Soon IS, Rabi DM, Ghali WA, Ferris M, Chernoff G, Benchimol EI, Panaccione R, Ghosh S, Barkema HW, Kaplan GG |date=January 2012 |title=Increasing incidence and prevalence of the inflammatory bowel diseases with time, based on systematic review |url=http://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016508511013783/pdf |url-status=live |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=142 |issue=1 |pages=46–54.e42; quiz e30 |doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2011.10.001 |pmid=22001864 |s2cid=206223870 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007193457/https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(11)01378-3/pdf |archive-date=October 7, 2022 |access-date=October 7, 2022}}</ref> e be less common insyd Asia den [[Africa]].<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Prideaux L, Kamm MA, De Cruz PP, Chan FK, Ng SC |date=August 2012 |title=Inflammatory bowel disease in Asia: a systematic review |journal=Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology |volume=27 |issue=8 |pages=1266–1280 |doi=10.1111/j.1440-1746.2012.07150.x |pmid=22497584 |s2cid=205468282 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref><ref name="Hov2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hovde Ø, Moum BA |date=April 2012 |title=Epidemiology and clinical course of Crohn's disease: results from observational studies |journal=World Journal of Gastroenterology |volume=18 |issue=15 |pages=1723–1731 |doi=10.3748/wjg.v18.i15.1723 |pmc=3332285 |pmid=22553396 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref> E historically be more common insyd de developed world.<ref name="Bur2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Burisch J, Munkholm P |date=July 2013 |title=Inflammatory bowel disease epidemiology |journal=Current Opinion in Gastroenterology |volume=29 |issue=4 |pages=357–362 |doi=10.1097/MOG.0b013e32836229fb |pmid=23695429 |s2cid=9538639}}</ref> Rates, however, dey increase, particularly insyd de developing world, since de 1970s.<ref name="Hov2012" /><ref name="Bur2013" /> Inflammatory bowel disease wey result insyd 47,400 deaths insyd 2015,<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1459–1544 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1 |pmc=5388903 |pmid=27733281 |collaboration=GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators}}</ref> den those plus Crohn's disease get a slightly reduced life expectancy.<ref name="Baumgart2012" /> Onset of Crohn's disease tend e dey start insyd adolescence den young adulthood, though e fi occur for any age.<ref name="NIDDK2017" /><ref name="Baumgart2012" /><ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Shih IL, Lee TC, Tu CH, Chang CC, Wang YF, Tseng YH, Chiu HM, Wu MS, Wang HP, Shih TT, Liu KL |date=December 2016 |title=Intraobserver and interobserver agreement for identifying extraluminal manifestations of Crohn's disease with magnetic resonance enterography |journal=Advances in Digestive Medicine |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=174–180 |doi=10.1016/j.aidm.2015.05.004 |s2cid=70796090 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref><ref name="eMedicineHealth2">{{cite web|title=Crohn's Disease: Get Facts on Symptoms and Diet|url=http://www.emedicinehealth.com/crohn_disease/article_em.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020184248/http://www.emedicinehealth.com/crohn_disease/article_em.htm|archive-date=October 20, 2007|website=eMedicineHealth}}</ref> Males den females be affected roughly equally.<ref name="NIDDK2017" /> == Name controversy == Na dem name de disease after gastroenterologist Burrill Bernard Crohn, wey insyd 1932, togeda plus Leon Ginzburg (1898–1988) den Gordon D. Oppenheimer (1900–1974) for Mount Sinai Hospital insyd New York, describe a series of people plus inflammation of de terminal ileum of de small intestine, de area wey be most commonly affected by de illness.<ref name="CrohnBB">{{cite journal |vauthors=Crohn BB, Ginzburg L, Oppenheimer GD |date=May 2000 |title=Regional ileitis: a pathologic and clinical entity. 1932 |journal=The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, New York |volume=67 |issue=3 |pages=263–268 |pmid=10828911}}</ref> De decision make dem name de disease after Crohn remain controversial.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Van Hootegem P, Travis S |date=July 2020 |title=Is Crohn's Disease a Rightly Used Eponym? |url=https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/article/14/6/867/5614546 |url-status=live |journal=Journal of Crohn's & Colitis |volume=14 |issue=6 |pages=867–871 |doi=10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz183 |pmid=31701137 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230708104800/https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/article/14/6/867/5614546 |archive-date=July 8, 2023 |access-date=July 8, 2023 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Mulder DJ, Noble AJ, Justinich CJ, Duffin JM |date=May 2014 |title=A tale of two diseases: the history of inflammatory bowel disease |journal=Journal of Crohn's & Colitis |volume=8 |issue=5 |pages=341–348 |doi=10.1016/j.crohns.2013.09.009 |pmid=24094598 |s2cid=13714394 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref> While Crohn, insyd ein memoir, dey describe ein original investigation of de disease, Ginzburg provide strong evidence of how na he den Oppenheimer be de first make dem study de disease.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Ginzburg L |date=May 1986 |title=Regional enteritis: historical perspective (B. Crohn and L. Ginzburg) |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=90 |issue=5 Pt 1 |pages=1310–1311 |doi=10.1016/0016-5085(86)90419-1 |pmid=3514360 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Lichtenstein GR, Loftus EV, Isaacs KL, Regueiro MD, Gerson LB, Sands BE | title = ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of Crohn's Disease in Adults | journal = The American Journal of Gastroenterology | volume = 113 | issue = 4 | pages = 481–517 | date = April 2018 | pmid = 29610508 | doi = 10.1038/ajg.2018.27 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }} * {{cite web |url=https://medlineplus.gov/crohnsdisease.html |publisher=U.S. National Library of Medicine |work=MedlinePlus |title=Crohn's disease}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Crohn's Disease}} [[Category:Abdominal pain]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] [[Category:Crohn's disease]] [[Category:Inflammations]] [[Category:Membrane transport protein disorders]] [[Category:Noninfective enteritis den colitis]] [[Category:Steroid-responsive inflammatory conditions]] [[Category:Diseases dem name after discoverers]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 61ju0ryu6kbuyydb832ehgk1kkoxkbu 0 15622 112461 66907 2026-09-25T00:13:26Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112461 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Black Lives Matter''' ('''BLM''') be a decentralized political den social movement<ref name=":0" /><ref>[https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2023/09/04/the-blm-movement-what-if-anything-changed-5-things-podcast/70760021007/ The BLM movement: What if, anything, changed? 5 Things podcast - USA Today]</ref> wey dey aim make dem highlight racism, discrimination den racial inequality experienced by black people, den make dem promote anti-racism. Ein primary concerns be police brutality den racially motivated violence against black people.<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/explainers-53337780 "What is Black Lives Matter and what are the aims?"]. ''BBC News''. June 12, 2021. Retrieved December 31, 2021.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Friedersdorf|first=Conor|date=August 31, 2017|title=How to Distinguish Between Antifa, White Supremacists, and Black Lives Matter|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/08/drawing-distinctions-antifa-the-alt-right-and-black-lives-matter/538320/|website=The Atlantic}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Black Lives Matter|url=https://www.newsweek.com/topic/black-lives-matter|access-date=August 22, 2020|website=Newsweek}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Banks |first=Chloe |date=November 2, 2018 |title=Disciplining Black activism: post-racial rhetoric, public memory and decorum in news media framing of the Black Lives Matter movement |journal=Continuum |volume=32 |issue=6 |pages=709–720 |doi=10.1080/10304312.2018.1525920 |issn=1030-4312 |s2cid=150199510}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rojas |first=Fabio |date=June 20, 2020 |title=Moving beyond the rhetoric: a comment on Szetela's critique of the Black Lives Matter movement |journal=Ethnic and Racial Studies |volume=43 |issue=8 |pages=1407–1413 |doi=10.1080/01419870.2020.1718725 |issn=0141-9870 |s2cid=213636514}}</ref> Na de movement begin in response to de killings of Trayvon Martin, Michael Brown, Eric Garner, den Rekia Boyd, among odas. BLM den ein related organizations typically advocate give chaw policy changes wey be related to black liberation<ref>{{cite web|last=Roberts|first=Frank|date=July 13, 2018|title=How Black Lives Matter Changed the Way Americans Fight for Freedom|url=https://www.aclu.org/blog/racial-justice/race-and-criminal-justice/how-black-lives-matter-changed-way-americans-fight|access-date=June 15, 2020|publisher=American Civil Liberties Union}}</ref> den criminal justice reform. While der be specific organizations wey label demaselves "Black Lives Matter", such as de Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation, de overall movement be a decentralized network plus no formal hierarchy.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/who-really-runs-blacklivesmatter|title=Who Really Runs #BlackLivesMatter?|first1=Ben|last1=Collins|first2=Tim|last2=Mak|date=August 15, 2015|newspaper=The Daily Beast|access-date=December 18, 2016}}</ref> {{As of|2021}}, der be about 40 chapters insyd de [[United States]] den [[Canada]]. De slogan "Black Lives Matter" einself no be trademarked by any group.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Leazenby|first1=Lauren|last2=Polk|first2=Milan|date=September 3, 2020|title=What you need to know about Black Lives Matter in 10 questions|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/lifestyles/ct-life-cb-black-lives-matter-chicago-20200903-xh75kbw5nfdk5joudlsgb2viwq-story.html|access-date=November 4, 2020|work=Chicago Tribune}}</ref> Insyd 2013, na activists den paddies Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, den Ayọ Tometi originate de hashtag #BlackLivesMatter for social media top dey follow de acquittal of George Zimmerman insyd de shooting death of African-American teen Trayvon Martin. Na Black Lives Matter cam turn nationally recognized for street demonstrations dey follow de 2014 deaths of two more African Americans, Michael Brown— wey result insyd protests den unrest insyd Ferguson, Missouri—den Eric Garner insyd New York City.<ref name="theguardian.com">{{Cite web|last=Day|first=Elizabeth|date=July 19, 2015|title=#BlackLivesMatter: the birth of a new civil rights movement|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/19/blacklivesmatter-birth-civil-rights-movement|access-date=December 18, 2016|website=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Luibrand|first=Shannon|date=August 7, 2015|title=Black Lives Matter: How the events in Ferguson sparked a movement in America|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/how-the-black-lives-matter-movement-changed-america-one-year-later/|access-date=December 18, 2016|website=CBS News}}</ref> Since de Ferguson protests, na participants insyd de movement demonstrate against de deaths of chaw oda African Americans by police actions anaa while insyd police custody. Insyd de summer of 2015, Black Lives Matter activists cam be involved insyd de 2016 United States presidential election.<ref name="eligon">{{Cite web|last=Eligon|first=John|date=November 18, 2015|title=One Slogan, Many Methods: Black Lives Matter Enters Politics|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/19/us/one-slogan-many-methods-black-lives-matter-enters-politics.html|access-date=December 18, 2016|website=The New York Times}}</ref> Na de movement gain international attention during global protests insyd 2020 dey follow de murder of George Floyd by Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin. Na 15 to 26 million people dem estimate participate insyd Black Lives Matter protests insyd de United States, wey dey make am one of de largest protest movements insyd de country ein history. Despite e be characterized by opponents as violent, de overwhelming majority of BLM demonstrations be peaceful. De popularity of Black Lives Matter shift over time, largely secof changing perceptions among white Americans. Insyd 2020, na 67% of adults insyd de United States express support for de movement, wey dey decline to 51% of U.S. adults insyd 2023.<ref name=":11">{{Cite web|last=Horowitz|first=Juliana Menasce|last2=Kiley Hurst|last3=Dana Braga|date=2023-06-14|title=Support for the Black Lives Matter Movement Has Dropped Considerably From Its Peak in 2020|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2023/06/14/support-for-the-black-lives-matter-movement-has-dropped-considerably-from-its-peak-in-2020/|access-date=2023-07-04|website=Pew Research Center’s Social & Demographic Trends Project|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="pew">{{Cite web|last=Parker|first=Kim|last2=Juliana Menasce Horowitzz|last3=Monica Anderson|date=June 12, 2020|title=Majorities Across Racial, Ethnic Groups Express Support for the Black Lives Matter Movement|url=https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2020/06/12/amid-protests-majorities-across-racial-and-ethnic-groups-express-support-for-the-black-lives-matter-movement/|access-date=July 16, 2020|website=Pew Research Center's Social & Demographic Trends Project}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite web|last=Rahman|first=Khaleda|date=2022-05-19|title=Support for Black Lives Matter plummets among African Americans: poll|url=https://www.newsweek.com/support-black-lives-matter-plummets-among-african-americans-poll-1708122|access-date=2022-05-22|website=Newsweek}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Civiqs|url=https://civiqs.com/results/black_lives_matter?annotations=true&uncertainty=true&zoomIn=true&trendline=true|access-date=2022-05-22|website=civiqs.com}}</ref> Na support among people of color, however, hold strong, plus 81% of African Americans, 61% of Hispanics den 63% of Asian Americans dey express support give Black Lives Matter as of 2023.<ref name=":11" /> == Structure den organization == '''Decentralization''' The "Black lives Matter" phrase fit mean Twitter hashtag, slogan, social movement, political action committee<ref>By Janell Ross. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2015/10/27/black-lives-matter-goes-official-with-a-political-action-committee-but-its-not-an-easy-fit/?arc404=true "Black Lives Matter launches a political action committee. But it's not an easy fit"]. [[:en:The_Washington_Post|''The Washington Post''.]] Retrieved August 23, 2020.</ref> anaa loose confederation of groups, wey dem dey advocate for de black people make dem get justice. As de movement, Black Lives Matter be de grassroots den decentralized, den leaders have emphasized de importance of local organizing over national leadership<ref>Miller, Ryan W. (July 12, 2016). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2016/07/11/black-lives-matter-what-what-stands/86963292/ "Black Lives Matter: A primer on what it is and what it stands for"]. ''USA Today''. Retrieved July 13, 2016.</ref><ref>Clayton, Dewey M. (2018). "Black Lives Matter and the Civil Rights Movement: A Comparative Analysis of Two Social Movements in the United States". [[:en:Journal_of_Black_Studies|''Journal of Black Studies''.]] '''49''' (5): 448–480. [[doi:10.1177/0021934718764099]]. [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:148805128 S2CID 148805128.]</ref>. De structure deydiffer from de olden days demma black movements, like de Civil rights movement wey happen for de 1950s den 1960s. Dem sanaa write the subject of scholarly literature about such differences<ref>Tillery, Alvin B. (September 2019). [[doi:10.1017/rep.2019.17|"What Kind of Movement is Black Lives Matter? The View from Twitter"]]. ''Journal of Race, Ethnicity and Politics''. '''4''' (2): 297–323. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1017/rep.2019.17|10.1017/rep.2019.17]]. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2056-6085 2056-6085.]</ref>. Activist DeRay McKesson don comment say de movement "wey include everybody who dey publicly talk say black lives matter den devote demma time den energy for am accordingly.<ref>Freelon, Deen; McIlwain, Charlton D.; Clark, Meredith D. (February 29, 2016). [http://cmsimpact.org/resource/beyond-hashtags-ferguson-blacklivesmatter-online-struggle-offline-justice/ "Beyond the Hashtags"] (PDF). Center for Media and Social Impact. p. 9. Retrieved December 18, 2016.</ref>" For 2013 inside, Patrisse Cullors, Alicia Garza and Ayọ Tometi come together form the Black Lives Matter Network. Garza talk say the Network be online platform wey dey help activists get one common mindset plus goals. Any local Black Lives Matter group wey wan join the movement dey supposed agree to the group ein main principles, but each chapter still dey do dem own thing freely <ref name=":0">Smith, Robert (2021). "Black Lives Matter". ''Encyclopedia of African-American Politics, Third Edition''. New York: Facts on File. pp. 122–126. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4381-9939-9|978-1-4381-9939-9]]</bdi>.</ref>: 124 . Garza also talk say the Network no dey care who dem go accept or bounce from the movement <ref>Fletcher, Bill Jr. (September 25, 2015). [http://inthesetimes.com/article/18394/from-hashtag-to-strategy-the-growing-pains-of-black-lives-matter "From Hashtag to Strategy: The Growing Pains of Black Lives Matter"]. ''In These Times''. Retrieved July 13, 2016.</ref><ref>[[:en:Jelani_Cobb|Cobb, Jelani]] (March 14, 2016). [https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/03/14/where-is-black-lives-matter-headed "The Matter of Black Lives"]. ''The New Yorker''. Retrieved July 13, 2016.</ref>. By 2021, dem get around 40 different chapters wey dey for US and Canada <ref name=":0" />: 124 . Because the movement no get strict leadership or one-way structure, e dey cause some yawa sometimes—especially for the media side and even among the activists. Some things wey different people or chapters talk or do, people dey take am like say e be the whole Black Lives Matter movement wey talk or act so <ref>Collins, Ben (August 15, 2015). [http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/08/15/who-really-runs-blacklivesmatter.html "Who Really Runs #BlackLivesMatter?"]. ''The Daily Beast''. Retrieved July 13, 2016.</ref><ref>Bernard, Jephie (April 1, 2016). [https://www.cjr.org/analysis/black_lives_matter_the_movement_the_organization_and_how_journalists_get_it_wrong.php "Black Lives Matter: the movement, the organization, and how journalists get it wrong"]. ''[[:en:Columbia_Journalism_Review|Columbia Journalism Review]]''. Retrieved July 13, 2016.</ref>. One journalist, Matt Pearce, wey dey write for Los Angeles Times, talk say the phrase "Black Lives Matter" fit mean different things—e fit be political chant, e fit mean the activist group, or e fit just be label wey people dey use anyhow for any talk or protest about racism <ref>Pearce, Matt (October 20, 2015). [https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-black-lives-matter-explainer-20151020-story.html "Why the term 'Black Lives Matter' can be so confusing"]. ''Los Angeles Times''. Retrieved July 13, 2016.</ref>. At least one time, one person wey claim say e be Managing Director of BLM Global Network release statement wey dem take represent the whole organization .<ref>[https://blacklivesmatter.com/for-immediate-release-statement-by-kailee-scales-managing-director-of-blm-global-network/ "For Immediate Release, Statement by Kailee Scales, Managing Director of BLM Global Network"] (Press release). blacklivesmatter.com. June 25, 2020.</ref> === Broader Movement === At the same time too, bigger movement wey involve plenty other groups and activists come pop up under the name "Black Lives Matter" too.<ref>Cullors-Brignac, Patrisse Marie (February 23, 2016). [https://medium.com/@patrissemariecullorsbrignac/we-didn-t-start-a-movement-we-started-a-network-90f9b5717668 "We didn't start a movement. We started a network"]. [[:en:Medium_(website)|Medium]]. Retrieved December 18, 2016.</ref><ref>Naasel, Kenrya Rankin (July 20, 2016). [http://www.colorlines.com/articles/why-its-dangerous-lump-all-black-activists-under-black-lives-matter-banner "Why It's Dangerous to Lump All Black Activists Under the 'Black Lives Matter' Banner"]. ''[[:en:ColorLines|ColorLines]]''. Retrieved December 18, 2016.</ref> For 2015 inside, Johnetta Elzie, DeRay Mckesson, Brittany Packnett, then Samuel Sinyangwe come start something wey dem dey bell Campaign zero, dem aim am so say dem go promote de end police brutality policy. Dem come release one ten-point plan wey talk how police work for change, like make dem stop the "broken windows" policing style, add more community menes so say dem go check police work, then make rules wey go make force usage by police tight well<ref>Maloney, Alli (September 29, 2015). [https://web.archive.org/web/20161219043331/http://nytlive.nytimes.com/womenintheworld/2015/09/29/when-police-turn-violent-activists-brittany-packnett-and-johnetta-elzie-push-back/ "When police turn violent, activists Brittany Packnett and Johnetta Elzie push back"]. ''The New York Times''. Women in the World. Archived from [https://nytlive.nytimes.com/womenintheworld/2015/09/29/when-police-turn-violent-activists-brittany-packnett-and-johnetta-elzie-push-back/ the original] on December 19, 2016. Retrieved December 18, 2016.</ref> One reporter bi for The New York Times, John Eligon, write say some activists bore small, say the campaign dey focus too much on only laws and politics to solve the police violence matter <ref>Eligon, John (November 18, 2015). [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/19/us/one-slogan-many-methods-black-lives-matter-enters-politics.html "One Slogan, Many Methods: Black Lives Matter Enters Politics"]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved July 12, 2016.</ref> === Movement for Black Lives === Main article: Movement for Black Lives The Movement for Black Lives (M4BL) na coalition wey get more than 50 groups wey dey represent black communities for United States. Members get Black Lives Matter Network, National Conference of Black Lawyers, and Ella Baker Center for Human Rights. Dem dey endorsed by groups like Color of Change, Race Forward, Brooklyn Movement Center, PolicyLink, Million Women March Cleveland, and ONE DC, and dem dey get support from organization wey dem call Blackbird. After dem kill George Floyd, M4BL release BREATHE Act wey dey call for big changes for policing; dem wan make dem remove money from police matter and put am for community resources and alternative emergency response models. For July 24, 2015, di movement first meet for Cleveland State University, where about 1,500 to 2,000 activists gather to talk and demonstrate. Di conference for Cleveland, Ohio, try to strategize ways to make sure say law enforcement dey accountable for their actions for national level. But di conference turn bigger social movement. At di end of di three-day conference, for July 26, di Movement for Black Lives start one year long process to bring local and national groups together to create United Front. Dis year long process finally lead to dem establishing platform wey go talk di goals, demands, and policies wey di Movement for Black Lives dey support to achieve di 'liberation' of black communities for America. For 2016, Ford Foundation yan say dem go put money for M4BL Movement for Black Lives inside big plan wey go last six years, and dem also join other people to start Black-led Movement Fund. Dem report say Ford Foundation and other people wey donate come give M4BL $100 million for 2016, wey na $131 million for 2024; and Open Society Foundations also drop $33 million (wey be $43 million for 2024) for M4BL too. For 2016, M4BL talk say make dem free people wey dey prison for USA, make dem pay people wey suffer for slavery, and now, dem dey ask for solutions to redlining for housing, education, mass incarceration and food wahala. Dem also wan make dem stop mass surveillance, put money for public education, no make people dey prison, and make community get control for police: make dem fit hire and fire police and decide wetin go happen if police no do well, plus how dem go spend city money on police. Funding Politico sabi say for 2015, Democracy Alliance wey be group of Democratic-Party donors plan meet with leaders from some groups wey support Black Lives Matter movement. Politico talk say Solidaire, wey be donor coalition wey dey focus on 'movement building' and led by Texas oil baby Leah Hunt-Hendrix, plus Democracy Alliance, don give more than $200,000 to BLM by 2015. The Economist report say from May 2020 to December 2020, donations to Black Lives Matter wey related go $10.6 billion (wey be $13 billion for 2024). Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation, na one big group wey dey coordinate all the hustle, raise $90 million for 2020 (wey na $109 million for 2024), with plenty individual donations online, and average donation wey dey $30.76 (wey dey equal $37.37) Strategy and Tactics Black Lives Matter don dey use social media wella, like hashtag activism, to reach plenty people fast-fast. Dem don take different tactics since then. Most Black Lives Matter protests dey peaceful; na when counter-protesters show up, wahala fit happen. Still, some people dey try show say the movement dey violent. === Internet and Social Media === {{multiple image|direction=horizontal|alignment=center|perrow=2|total_width=310|image1=BlackLivesMatter hastag table.png|image2=BlackLivesMatter hastag table2.png|footer=Analysis of the usage of the #BlackLivesMatter hashtag on Twitter in response to major news events}} Dem analyze how dem dey use #BlackLivesMatter hashtag for Twitter when big news drop. For 2014, American Dialect Society choose #BlackLivesMatter as dia word of the year. Yes! Magazine select am as one of di twelve hashtags wey change di world for 2014. From July 2013 go May 1, 2018, dem don tweet #BlackLivesMatter over 30 million times, average of 17,002 times for each day. By June 10, 2020, e don reach about 47.8 million tweets, with July 7–17, 2016, hold di highest numbers, like almost 500,000 tweets daily. Dis time too, dem see increase for tweets wey use #BlueLivesMatter and #AllLivesMatter. On May 28, 2020, almot 8.8 million tweets dey with di hashtag, and di average don rise to 3.7 million daily. Di 2016 shooting of Dallas police officers make di movement online dey more negative, with 39% of tweets using #BlackLivesMatter dey show say dem oppose di movement. Near half of dem wahala talk say di group dey do violence, plenty even call dem terrorists. Khadijah White, wen be professor for Rutgers University, dey talk say BLM don bring new level for black students movement for university. E easy make people wey dey watch fit record graphic videos of police wahala and post am for social media, this one don boost activism everywhere for di world. Di hashtag don catch di eye of big politicians and sometimes e fit make dem show support for di movement. For Wikipedia, dem create WikiProject wey focus on Black Lives Matter movement for June 2020. For 2020, people wey use di popular app TikTok observe say di app dey shadow ban posts wey talk about BLM or recent police killings wey involve black people. TikTok apologize and talk say na technical issue cause am. === Direct action === [[File:Protesters_with_signs_in_Ferguson.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Protesters_with_signs_in_Ferguson.jpg|left|thumb|"Hands up!" sign dey show for Ferguson protest back August 2014]] BLM dey use direct action wey go make people feel uneasy, so dem go fit face di matter. BLM sabi gather power through protest and rally. Dem even stage die-ins, like when dem do am for 2015 Twin Cities Marathon. [[File:OaklandBLM-4174.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:OaklandBLM-4174.jpg|thumb|Black Lives Matter demonstration dey happen for Oakland, California, December 2014.]] Political slogans wey dem dey use during dem protests be "Black Lives Matter", "Hands up, no shoot" (wey dem later say no true for Michael Brown), "I no fit breathe" (about Eric Garner and later George Floyd), "White silence na violence", "No justice, no peace", and "My pikin go be next?" among others. One 2018 study talk say, "Black Lives Matter protests dey happen more for places where police don kill plenty black people before." === Media, music and culture matter well well === Main articles: Black Lives Matter art and how e dey show for popular culture Since 2013 wen the Black Lives Matter movement start with the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter, dem don dey show am for film, song, TV, literature, and visual arts. Plenty media dey drop content wey relate to racial injustice and the Black Lives Matter movement. Books, novels, and TV shows don blow up for 2020. Songs like Michael Jackson's "They Don't Care About Us" and Kendrick Lamar's "Alright" don dey used plenty as call to action for protests. The short documentary, Bars4Justice, dey feature quick appearances by plenty activists and artists wey dey follow the Black Lives Matter movement. E be official selection for the 24th Annual Pan African Film Festival. Stay Woke: The Black Lives Matter Movement na 2016 American TV documentary with Jesse Williams wey tell the story of the movement. February 2015 issue of Essence magazine and di cover dedicate to Black Lives Matter. For December 2015, BLM try contest for Time magazine Person of the Year, dem come land fourth for di eight candidates. [[File:In_Space,_We_Can_Hear_Your_Screams_(49986786312).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:In_Space,_We_Can_Hear_Your_Screams_(49986786312).jpg|thumb|Black Lives Matter Plaza for Washington, D.C., as dem see am from space on June 8, 2020.]] Cities dey paint murals for di street wey say "Black Lives Matter" big-big. Di cities include Washington, D.C., Dallas, Denver, Charlotte, Seattle, Brooklyn, Los Angeles, and Birmingham, Alabama. For May 9, 2016, Delrish Moss gree take oath as di first African American police chief for Ferguson, Missouri. E talk say e dey face big wahala like making di police force diverse, improving community wahala, and tackling di issues wey start di Black Lives Matter movement. == Allegations Dey Against Police Say Dem Use Excess Force == For one study for The Bureau of Justice Statistics for 2002 come 2011, person wey come in contact plus police, "bunch black menes (2.8%) get high chance say dem go meet police than white gees (1.0%) then Hispanics (1.4%) wey go percieve the threat or force wey no go cause death be more"<ref>[https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/punf0211_sum.pdf "Police Use of Nonfatal Force, 2002-11"] (PDF). ''Bureau of Justice Statistics''. November 2015.</ref> Based on The Washington Post, for 2019 alone police shot then unalive 1,001 people for the States wey about halve of the people dem kill be white, then one quater be black wey mark thedeath rate for black Americans (per million, 31 people dey die) wey dey put am two times high as that for the white Americans (per million, 13 people dey ).<ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/investigations/police-shootings-database/ "Fatal Force: Police shootings database"]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved June 19, 2020.</ref><ref>[https://www.statista.com/statistics/585152/people-shot-to-death-by-us-police-by-race/ "People shot to death by U.S. police, by race 2020"]. ''Statista''. Retrieved June 19, 2020.</ref> The Washington Post also dey account say 13 blacks wey be unarmed got shot by police for 2019.<ref>Stellino, Molly. [https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2020/06/23/fact-check-how-many-unarmed-black-men-did-police-kill-2019/5322455002/ "Fact check: Police killed more unarmed Black men in 2019 than conservative activist claimed"]. ''USA Today''. Retrieved August 27, 2020.</ref> For 2015, one study wey Cody Ross do for UC Davis show say dem dey kill unarmed black Americans plenty pass unarmed white Americans for police matter. E find say unarmed black people get 3.49 times more chance to get shot pass unarmed white people, and for some places, e fit reach 20 times more. Dem also find say armed blacks wey dem shoot plenty pass unarmed blacks, 2.79 times more. This study show say di bias wey dey happen for police shooting based on race no fit be explain by local crime rate difference. For 2019, another study by Cesario and dem published inside Social Psychological and Personality Science find out say when dem adjust for crime, dem no see any [[File:Police_killings_in_the_USA_in_2018.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Police_killings_in_the_USA_in_2018.svg|right|thumb|250x250px|.Map dey show police killings rate by state for United States wey happen for 2018. ]] strong proof say black people dey suffer from fatal shooting like that, even for unarmed citizens or wey dem go mistakenly shoot harmless things. But for 2020, Cody Ross and dem come criticize di data wey Cesario and dem use. Dem take di same police shooting data from 2015 and 2016 show say bias dey plenty for police wey dey shoot unarmed black people. If di suspects get weapon, e no dey show that bias Harvard economist Roland Fryer do one study wey find out say blacks and Hispanics dey 50% more chance to face non-lethal force as police dey deal with dem, but when e come to police shoot wey involve officer, dem no see any racial difference in the raw data or when dem consider context factors. One 2019 study for PNAS come conclude say black people dey less likely to die from police than white people based on police encounter death rates. But later dem take back the paper because dem say 'our data and statistical approach fit investigate officer characteristics wey relate to the race of civilians wey police don shoot dead,' but di paper don dey 'used to support say no racial biases dey for fatal shootings or policing generally' when dem actually analyze 'no dey fit address racial disparities for di probability wey dem go shoot.' Another study come show say dem conclusions no correct due to Simpson's paradox. Di paper talk say although white people dey more likely to die in police encounters, overall black people still dey face discrimination because dem dey get more interactions with police due to structural racism. Dem dey more likely to be stopped for petty crimes or even no crime. White people dey meet police rarely, and mostly for serious crimes like shooting, wey police go fit use force more. Di same paper also support Ross and Fryer findings, conclude say overall death rate dey more useful statistic than death rate for encounters. Dem dey police Black Lives Matter events too much, ehn. Make we talk am. For 2020, when protest dey happen, dem send 43,350 soldiers join police to go handle BLM protesters like say dem be war. Even military plane fly watch dem later protests. E be clear say, people wey dey observe like Joe Biden don talk say, anytime far-right dey do their wahala like the Capitol attack for 2021, police go dey chill small pass when BLM dey protest peacefully. For 2015, one police for Oregon kwa don say 'I go babysit these fools' on social media about BLM event, and dem quick take am off street duty after that gbege. According to one report wey Movement for Black Lives drop for August 2021, U.S. government dey purposely target BLM protesters to scatter dem movement for summer 2020. Di report talk say, all di stuff wey dem find just dey confirm wetin BLM organizers don sabi for long about how government dey treat racial justice protests different. === Disproportionate policing wey dey happen for Black Lives Matter events. === Black Lives Matter protesters dey face over-policing wey dem dey fight against. For May 2020, aside police, 43,350 military troops come out against BLM protesters all over di country. Dem even send military plane watch over BLM protests after. People like President Joe Biden don talk say violent far-right groups, like di Capitol attack, get smaller police presence than peaceful BLM protests. Back in November 2015, police officer for Oregon sef lose im street duty because e post for social media say e go ‘babysit these fools’ referring to BLM event. According to report wey Movement for Black Lives release for August 2021, U.S. government target BLM protesters to disrupt dia movement during di summer of 2020. Dem talk say di data wey dey show for di report dey prove wetin di Black organizers don sabi well about di federal government dey police and prosecute racial justice protests differently. == Timeline of yawa wey happen for United States == For 2014, Black Lives Matter dey protest against the many African Americans wey police don kill like Dontre Hamilton, Eric Garner, John Crawford III, Michael Brown, Ezell Ford, Laquan McDonald, Akai Gurley, Tamir Rice, Antonio Martin, and Jerame Reid, dey plenty others. For July, Eric Garner die for New York City as police dey hold am for banned chokehold when dem wan arrest am. Garner death na one of the cases wey make Black Lives Matter start. During Labor Day weekend for August, Black Lives Matter organize one “Freedom Ride” wey carry over 500 African Americans from all over United States go Ferguson, Missouri, to support wetin local groups dey do. [[File:Black_Lives_Matter_protest.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Black_Lives_Matter_protest.jpg|thumb|Black Lives Matter demo for Herald Square, Manhattan, November 2014]] The movement still dey involved for Ferguson protests after dem kill Michael Brown. Sometimes, protests dey clash with local and state police wey dey carry guns. At one time, dem call National Guard come and declare state of emergency. Also for August, Los Angeles Police kill Ezell Ford; BLM dey protest his death for LA till 2015. For November, New York police officer shoot and kill Akai Gurley, wey be 28-year-old Black man. Gurley wahala get Black Lives Matter pipo protest for New York City. For Oakland, California, fourteen Black Lives Matter activists catch wahala after dem stop Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) train for more than one hour for Black Friday, wey be one of the biggest shopping days. Dis protest, wey Alicia Garza wey co-found Black Lives Matter lead, happen after grand jury no gree indict Darren Wilson for Michael Brown case. Still for November, Tamir Rice, wey be 12-year-old Black boy, also get him own wahala as Cleveland police officer shoot am. Rice matter too be part of wetin make Black Lives Matter movement start. [[File:Black_Lives_Matter_protest,_Mall_of_America,_December_2014.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Black_Lives_Matter_protest,_Mall_of_America,_December_2014.jpg|left|thumb|Black Lives Matter protest wey dey show police wahala for Mall of America rotunda for Bloomington, Minnesota, December 2014]] For December, like two to three thousand people gather for Mall of America wey dey Bloomington, Minnesota, to protest how police dey kill unarmed black men. Police for the mall dey carry riot gear and bomb-sniffing dogs; at least twenty protesters don dey arrest. Dem management talk say dem dey "very disappointed say organizers of Black Lives Matter protest no mind wetin we talk and our repeated reminders say political protests no fit happen for Mall of America property". For Milwaukee, Wisconsin, BLM dey protest how police kill Dontre Hamilton wey die for April. Black Lives Matter also protest how dem kill John Crawford III. Dem protest the Murder of Renisha McBride too. Also for December, after grand jury no indict Darren Wilson for the killing of Michael Brown, dem hold protest march for Berkeley, California. Later for 2015, protesters and journalists wey join that rally go file lawsuit say police attack dem wey no follow the law. One week after the verdict for Michael Brown, two police officers die for New York City by Ismaaiyl Brinsley, wey talk say e wan kill police for revenge for how dem kill Garner and Brown. Black Lives Matter condemn the shooting, but some right-wing media try connect dem to am, as Patrolman's Benevolent Association president claim say "blood dey for [the] hands [of] those wey dey incite violence for street under protest cover". One conservative TV talker try link Black Lives Matter to those protesters wey dey shout say dem wan see 'dead cops' for December 'Millions March' wey different groups organize. === 2015 === Demonstrator dey raise awareness for Freddie Gray wey die for Baltimore, April 2015 For 2015, Black Lives Matter dey protest for plenty African Americans wey police don kill, like Charley Leundeu Keunang, Tony Robinson, Anthony Hill, Meagan Hockaday, Eric Harris, Walter Scott, Freddie Gray, William Chapman, Jonathan Sanders, Sandra Bland, Samuel DuBose, Jeremy McDole, Corey Jones, and Jamar Clark, plus Dylann Roof wey kill The Charleston Nine. For March, BLM dey protest for Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel office, dey demand change for Chicago Police Department. Charley Leundeu Keunang, wey be 43-year-old Cameroonian, police for Los Angeles shoot am die. LAPD arrest fourteen people after BLM demonstrations. For April, Black Lives Matter dey protest all over US for Freddie Gray death, wey include 2015 Baltimore protests. National Guard come enter. After Walter Scott die for North Charleston, South Carolina, Black Lives Matter dey protest his death and dey call for Civilian oversight wey go check police actions. For May, BLM protest for San Francisco be part of nationwide protest, SayHerName, wey dey shout against police killing of black women and girls, plus Meagan Hockaday, Aiyana Jones, Rekia Boyd, and others. For Cleveland, Ohio, after officer free for Timothy Russell and Malissa Williams killing, BLM protest again. For Madison, Wisconsin, BLM protest after officer no face charge for Tony Robinson killing. For June, after Dylann Roof shoot for one black church wey dey Charleston for South Carolina, BLM across the country dey march, protest, and hold vigil for plenty days after dat shoot.[1][2] BLM join march for peace for Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge for South Carolina.[3] After the Charleston shoot, plenty memorials wey dey for Confederate States of America spray painted with 'Black Lives Matter' or dem vandalize am.[4][5] About 800 people protest for McKinney, Texas after dem drop video wey show police officer dey pin girl to ground with im knees—na pool party for McKinney.[6] For July, BLM activists for United States start protest over Sandra Bland death, wey be African-American woman, wey dem say dem find hanged ins [[File:1_Year_Commemoration_of_the_Murder_of_Michael_Brown,_the_Ferguson_Rebellion,_&_the_Black_Lives_Matter_uprising._(20426285322).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1_Year_Commemoration_of_the_Murder_of_Michael_Brown,_the_Ferguson_Rebellion,_&_the_Black_Lives_Matter_uprising._(20426285322).jpg|thumb|One year wey dem kill Michael Brown and di Ferguson wahala go happen for Barclays Center for Brooklyn, New York, August 2015]] ide jail for Waller County, Texas.[7][8] For Cincinnati, Ohio, BLM dey rally and protest for Samuel DuBose death after police officer shoot am.[9] For Newark, New Jersey, over one thousand BLM activists march against police brutality, racial injustice, and economic wahala.[10] Also for July, BLM dey protest Jonathan Sanders death wey occur while dem dey arrest am for Mississippi. For August, BLM organisers do rally for Washington, D.C., dem dey shout make dem stop violence wey dem dey do to transgender women. For Charlotte, North Carolina, after judge talk say dem go no fit continue the case wey involve one white police officer wey kill unarmed black man, Jonathan Ferrell, BLM protest and do die-ins. For Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Janelle Monáe, Jidenna, and some BLM activists sabi say dem march through North Philly to make people know about police brutality and Black Lives Matter. Around August 9, wey be the first anniversary since Michael Brown die, BLM gather, do vigil and march for St. Louis and all over the country. [[File:Black_Lives_Matter_protest_against_St._Paul_police_brutality_(21552438456).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Black_Lives_Matter_protest_against_St._Paul_police_brutality_(21552438456).jpg|left|thumb|Black Lives Matter protest dey happen for St. Paul police wahala for Metro Green Line, September 2015]] For September, over five hundred BLM protesters gather for Austin, Texas, make dem dey fight against police wahala, and some carry banners enter Interstate 35 small time. For Baltimore, Maryland, BLM activists dey march as dem start hearing for Freddie Gray police wahala case. For Sacramento, California, about eight hundred BLM protesters dey gather support California State Senate bill wey go fit increase police oversight. BLM dey protest Jeremy McDole killing. For October, Black Lives Matter activists dem arrest during protest wey dey happen for police chiefs conference for Chicago. 'Rise Up October' join body with Black Lives Matter Campaign, and e bring plenti protests. Quentin Tarantino and Cornel West wey participate for 'Rise Up October' talk say police violence no be am. For November, BLM activists dey protest after dem shoot Jamar Clark for Minneapolis Police. Dem gather strength for 4th Precinct Police wey dem dey camp. During di protest, dem clash with police, mash up di station and try to run am down with SUV. Later for dat month, dem organize one march to honor Jamar Clark from 4th Precinct to downtown Minneapolis. After di march, some guys wey carry gun and bulletproof come show, wey start dey call di protesters all sorts of racist names, as per one mouth wey talk for Black Lives Matter. When di protesters ask di armed guys to waka, dem fire shot, hit five protesters. All di injuries no be life-threatening, but everybody need hospital. Di guys run come but dem catch dem later and arrest dem. Di three guys wey dem arrest be young and white, and people wey see dem call dem white supremacists. For February 2017, one of di guys wey dem catch, Allen Scarsella, gree guilty for twelve felony counts of assault and riot wey follow di shooting. Based on plenty racist messages wey Scarsella don send him friends before di shooting, di judge no gree hear wetin him defense talk say Scarsella be 'naïve' and him sentence am for April 2017 to 15 years out of maximum 20 years sentence. From November 2016, BLM dey protest di murder of Laquan McDonald, dey call for plenty Chicago officials to resign after di shooting and how dem take manage am. McDonald dey receive 16 shots from Chicago Police Officer Jason Van Dyke. === 2016 === For 2016, Black Lives Matter dey demonstrate against plenty African Americans wey police don kill, like Bruce Kelley Jr., Alton Sterling, Philando Castile, Joseph Mann, Abdirahman Abdi, Paul O'Neal, Korryn Gaines, Sylville Smith, Terence Crutcher, Keith Lamont Scott, Alfred Olango, and Deborah Danner, among others. For January, hundreds of BLM protesters waka for San Francisco to protest how Mario Woods wey police shoot for December 2, 2015. Dis march happen during Super Bowl event. For February, Abdullahi Omar Mohamed, 17-year-old Somali refugee, get shot by Salt Lake City police after dem say e dey fight with another person. Dis shooting lead to BLM protests. For June, BLM members and Color of Change protest how Jasmine Richards for California take get conviced for 2015 wey she try stop police from arresting another woman. Dem convict her for "trying to unlawfully take a person from peace officer custody," wey before dem dey call am "lynching" before dem remove dat word two months before. On July 5, Alton Sterling, wey be 37-year-old black man, get shot plenty times as e dey pinned to ground by two white Baton Rouge police officers. For that night, more than 100 people shout "no justice, no peace" for Baton Rouge, dey do fireworks and block road to protest Sterling death. On July 6, Black Lives Matter hold candlelight vigil for Baton Rouge, dey chant "We love Baton Rouge" and dey call for justice. For July 6, Philando Castile no fit survive as Jeronimo Yanez, wey be police officer for St. Anthony, Minnesota, shoot am. Dem pull am over for Falcon Heights, wey dey near St. Paul. Castile dey drive car with him girlfriend and her pikin wey be four years old when Yanez and another officer stop dem. Him girlfriend talk say, after dem ask am for him license and registration, Castile tell the officer say e get license to carry weapon and e get am for the car. She talk say: "The officer tell am make e no move. As him dey raise him hands back, the officer shoot am for him arm four or five times." She stream live video for Facebook right after shooting happen. After dem shoot Castile, BLM come dey protest all over Minnesota and America. [[File:Protest_march_in_response_to_the_Philando_Castile_shooting_(28084964251).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Protest_march_in_response_to_the_Philando_Castile_shooting_(28084964251).jpg|thumb|Dem protest march wey follow Philando Castile wey dem kill, St. Paul, Minnesota, July 7, 2016]] For July 7, dem hold BLM protest for Dallas, Texas wey dem organize to show say dem no happy for how Alton Sterling and Philando Castile die. As di protest dey happen well, Micah Xavier Johnson come dey fire gun, him kill five police officers and wound seven plus two civilians. Di gunman wey dem use robot bomb kill am. Before him kick bucket, police talk say Johnson talk say e dey vex about Black Lives Matter, and say e wan kill white people, especially white officers. Texas Lt. Governor Dan Patrick and some other conservative lawmakers come blame di shooting on di Black Lives Matter movement. Di Black Lives Matter network come drop statement wey talk say dem no support di shooting. For July 8, more than 100 people wey dey protest for Black Lives Matter across di USA come collect arrest. [[File:Sit-in_during_San_Francisco_July_2016_rally_against_police_violence_-_3.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sit-in_during_San_Francisco_July_2016_rally_against_police_violence_-_3.jpg|thumb|Protest wey dem do for Alton Sterling wey dem kill, San Francisco, California, July 8, 2016]] For first half of July, e be like 112 protests happen for 88 American cities. On July 13, NBA stars like LeBron James, Carmelo Anthony, Chris Paul, and Dwyane Wade carry Black Lives Matter message open 2016 ESPY Awards. On July 26, Black Lives Matter do protest for Austin, Texas, to mark three years since Larry Jackson Jr. die from shooting. On July 28, Chicago police shoot Paul O'Neal for back after car chase and him die. After the shooting, plenty people march for Chicago. For Randallstown, Maryland near Baltimore, on August 1, police shoot and kill Korryn Gaines, wey be 23-year-old African American woman, and injure her son too. People protest Korryn death for Baltimore. For August, Black Lives Matter protest for Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania over Bruce Kelley Jr. wey die after him stab police dog while he dey try escape from police earlier January. For August, plenty athletes start join National Anthem protests. The protests start for NFL when Colin Kaepernick from San Francisco 49ers sit down during the anthem, no follow tradition wey dey stand before him team third preseason game of 2016. After the game, he talk say, 'I no go stand show pride for flag wey dey oppress black people. This matter dey bigger than football.' People sabi say na solidarity with Black Lives Matter movement. The protests don get mixed reactions and don spread enter other U.S. sports leagues. For September, BLM dey protest as police officers shoot Terence Crutcher for Tulsa, Oklahoma, and Keith Lamont Scott for Charlotte, North Carolina. Charlotte Observer talk say, "As night dey come, protesters dey gather, after the shooting don happen. Dem hold signs wey get 'Stop Killing Us' and 'Black Lives Matter', dem dey shout 'No justice, no peace.' The place dey sometimes scatter, water bottle and stones dey fly for police side, but plenty protesters dey call for peace, dey beg fellow demonstrators make dem no use violence." Multiple nights of protest happen for September and October for El Cajon, California, after dem kill Alfred Olango. 2017 For 2017 Black History Month, some three artists wey be from Richmond, Virginia organize one month-long "Black Lives Matter" art show for First Unitarian Universalist Church wey dey inside Byrd Park area. The exhibition showcase pass 30 multicultural artists wey dey explore theme of racial equality and justice.   That same month, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) James Branch Cabell Library dey run events wey relate to African-American history for the whole month and show photos from the church's "Black Lives Matter" exhibition for their outdoor screen. VCU schedule include: The Real Life Film Series wey show The Angry Heart: The Impact of Racism on Heart Disease for African-Americans; Keith Knight drop the 14th Annual VCU Libraries Black History Month lecture; Lawrence Ross, wey write the book Blackballed: The Black and White Politics of Race on America’s Campuses yarn how hin book connect with the "Black Lives Matter" movement; and Velma P. Scantlebury, M.D., di first black woman wey be transplant surgeon for USA, talk about "Health Equity in Kidney Transplantation: Experiences from a surgeon's perspective."   Black Lives Matter protest for di killing of Jocques Clemmons wey happen for Nashville, Tennessee on February 10, 2017. On May 12, 2017, after Glenn Funk, di district attorney for Davidson County decide say dem no go prosecute police officer Joshua Lippert, di Nashville chapter of BLM gather people do demonstration from Vanderbilt University wey carry go Megan Barry house, di mayor of Nashville. For September 27, inside College of William & Mary, some students wey dey connect with Black Lives Matter come protest one ACLU event. Dem no happy say ACLU support make dem fit do Unite the Right rally for Charlottesville, Virginia. William & Mary president, Taylor Reveley, come drop statement wey show say di school get strong commitment to open debate. 2018 For February and March 2018, as part of dem social justice matter, First Unitarian Church for Richmond, Virginia do Second Annual Black Lives Matter Art Exhibition. Dem show art for big screen wey dem dey call jumbotron for Virginia Commonwealth University Cabell Library. Dem invite artists wey put dem art for the exhibition to talk about wetin dem do for the Black Lives Matter show when dem dey project am for night forum for small amphitheater for VCU Hibbs Hall. Dem also invite dem to show after for local screening of A Raisin in the Sun wey dem adapt to film in 1961. For April, CNN report say the biggest Facebook account wey claim say e be part of the 'Black Lives Matter' movement na one 'scam' wey connect to white man for Australia. The account, wey get 700,000 followers, dey connect to fundraisers wey raise $100,000 or more, dem say na for U.S. Black Lives Matter matter; but some of the money shift go Australian bank accounts, CNN talk. Facebook don suspend the page wey dey cause wahala. 2020 More info: 2020–2022 USA wahala For February 23, 2020, Ahmaud Arbery, one unarmed 25-year-old black man, dem kill am while e dey jog for Glynn County, Georgia. Three white guys dey pursue am with two motor, plus one papa and im pikin wey get gun. All three men face nine charges, including serious murder. For March 13, Louisville police officers break Breonna Taylor’s apartment door, she be 26 years old black woman, dem come serve no-knock search warrant wey dem suspect for drugs. After her boyfriend shoot one police officer for leg, police begin fire plenty shots wey cause her death. Her boyfriend call 911 come talk say, "somebody kick the door and shoot my girlfriend." Protests happen for Louisville, people dey call for police change. George Floyd protests Main topics: George Floyd protests, Defund di police, and George Floyd murder [[File:George_Floyd_protests_in_Washington_DC,_Lafayette_Square.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:George_Floyd_protests_in_Washington_DC,_Lafayette_Square.jpg|thumb|George Floyd protests for Lafayette Square, Washington D.C., May 30, 2020]] End of May, plenty wahala dey happen because of racial matter wey don happen, over 450 big protests[1][2] show for cities and towns across di United States and three other continents.[3] Dem no take am easy as dem go vex because of how polis dem kill George Floyd for Minnesota, wey officer Derek Chauvin dey kneel on Floyd neck for almost nine minutes while Floyd dey beg say: "I no fit breathe."[5][6] As di protesters dey shout for more justice, dem charge three more officers wey help for di second-degree murder matter.[7] [[File:North_America_Protests_8_JUN_2020.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:North_America_Protests_8_JUN_2020.jpg|thumb|Protests for May 2020 after George Floyd dey die]] [[File:Black_Lives_Matter,_Washington_National_Cathedral,_10June2020.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Black_Lives_Matter,_Washington_National_Cathedral,_10June2020.jpg|left|thumb|Black Lives Matter dey front of Washington National Cathedral, June 10, 2020]]Black Lives Matter dey organize rallies for U.S. and all over di world from May 30 go reach now. Dem protesters dey act Floyd last moments, plenty people dey lie down for street and for bridge, dey shout "I no fit breathe," while others dey march by thousands, some dey carry signs wey talk, "Tell your brother wey wear blue, no shoot"—"Who you go call when di murderer wear badge?" and "Justice for George Floyd." Dis movement dey global and plenty groups wey no dey related still support am, but Black Lives Matter dey connect strong to dis big protests. Dem call make we "defund di police", wey mean different tin from wey wan remove police come out to wey wan move money go support community services for di area wey black people dey. For 2020, NPR report say di Washington D.C. Black Lives Matter chapter dem demand na to stop police funding, no build new jails, make sex work no be crime, remove police from schools, free di protesters and abolish cash bail for Maryland. [[File:DSC_0008_(50283939071).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DSC_0008_(50283939071).jpg|right|thumb|Al Sharpton lead di Commitment March: Make You Remove Your Knee From Our Necks for Washington, D.C., on August 28, 2020]]For June 5, Washington D.C. Mayor Muriel Bowser talk say dem don rename part of street wey dey outside White House to Black Lives Matter Plaza, with street sign show say e be official. On June 7, after global George Floyd protests and Black Lives Matter dey talk say make dem 'defund the police', Minneapolis City Council vote say make dem 'disband police department' make dem fit shift money go social programs for communities wey get color. City Council President Lisa Bender talk say, 'Our small small reforms no work. End of story.' Dem vote come after Minneapolis Public Schools, University of Minnesota and Minneapolis Parks and Recreation cut tie with Police Department. By December 2020, about $8 million from the city’s $179 million police budget shift go for violence prevention pilot programs and dem consider am small small reform wey activists and politicians don dey vex say make e no happen before. For July 20, Strike for Black Lives wey Black Lives Matter help organize bring plenty workers for United States come do walkout to raise awareness about systemic racism after Floyd dem kill am. From May 26 to August 22, more than 7,750 BLM protests happen for over 2,240 places across United States. Though most protests dey peaceful, some turn to riots, looting, and back and forth with police and counter-protesters. By end of June 2020, at least 14,000 people don catch arrest. By June 2020, more than 19 people don die because of the wahala. Arson, vandalism, and looting wey happen between May 26 and June 8 cause about $1–2 billion in insured damage across the country, na the highest wey civil disorder don ever cause for U.S. history, and e pass the record wey dem get during 1992 Los Angeles riots. 2021 For April 20, 2021, jury wey get six white people plus six people of color find Chauvin guilty for three matter: unintentional second-degree murder; third-degree murder; and second-degree manslaughter. 2022 For Illinois, Olivia Butts organize effort to make dem pass law wey go remove cash bail for 2023, dem dey call am SAFE-T Act. As 2021 marijuana legalization effort dey work, Black Lives Matter activist Lexis Figuereo conviction wey dem carry seal for New York come clear. 2023 Dem hold vigil for Keenan Anderson wey police officer from LA kill am. Anderson be cousin to Black Lives Matter co-founder Patrisse Cullors. Dem release camera footage wey show how Tyre Nichols die for January 2023, cause protest for Memphis. Al Sharpton from the National Action Network talk about the matter after dem release bodycam footage. Supreme Court for Alabama don rule say dem no go allow most police body camera footage, even the one wey concern Joseph Pettaway wey bleed to die for 2018 after police dog bite am, make e go public. For December 2022, Judge Jerusha Adams block video footage wey concern Pettaway death again. 2025 Dem dey start remove the Black Lives Matter Plaza installation. For March 2025, Andrew Clyde (R-GA) carry bill go House of Representatives wey go block some federal money from the city if dem no change the name of Black Lives Matter Plaza to "Liberty Plaza", remove the mural, and clear all Black Lives Matter references from any official papers. On March 10, 2025, city teams start dey remove am; Mayor Bowser talk say dem take this action because of threat from President Donald Trump and the Republican Congress. She talk say "the mural inspire plenty people and help our city through tough times, but now we no fit let congress disturb us with nonsense. The wahala wey the federal job cuts bring be wetin we suppose focus on". Dem talk say dem go put new art wey students and artists go create for DC's America 250 mural project. International movement For 2015, after dem kill Freddie Gray for Baltimore, Maryland, black activists around the world start dey borrow style from Black Lives Matter and the Arab Spring for reform. This international movement don dey call "Black Spring". Some connections don form with other international movements like the Dalit rights movement. Australia Protest for Brisbane, June 6, 2020 Dem say Ms Dhu die for police custody for August 2014, na so protests dey link am with BLM movement. For July 2016, dem organize BLM rally for Melbourne, wey 3,500 people show face. Dem talk plenty about how police dey mistreat Aboriginal Australians and wetin government dey do too. For May 2017, Black Lives Matter collect Sydney Peace Prize, wey dey celebrate person wey promote 'peace with justice', human rights and non-violence. For early June 2020, right after George Floyd protests for US, protests burst for Australia, dem focus on Aboriginal deaths for custody, racism wey dey happen and other wahala wey Indigenous Australians dey face. Cricketer Michael Holding no dey happy with Australia and England wey refuse to take knee to support Black Lives Matter for cricket matches. Brazil Blacks for Brazil dey suffer from economic marginalization, state wahala, discrimination, and low life-expectancy. For June 2020, two Black pikin, 5-year-old Miguel Otávio Santana da Silva and 14-year-old João Pedro Matos Pinto, die for Brazil. Miguel fall from balcony of building for the white boss wey dey watch am. João Pedro get shot for back by police for Rio de Janeiro during one raid wey dem fire seventy shots. Him die the same week wey George Floyd die. Their deaths cause protests for plenty cities for the country. Dem translate 'Black Lives Matter' to 'Vidas Negras Importam' for Portuguese. Protests no stop for 2020, e jam again at the end of the year when supermarket security guards beat 40-year-old welder João Alberto Silveira Freitas kill am for Porto Alegre. Canada Protest for Vancouver, May 31, 2020 For July 2015, BLM protesters block Allen Road for Toronto, Ontario, because two black guys—Andrew Loku and Jermaine Carby—die by police shooting. For September, BLM activists dey block streets for Toronto, talk say na police wahala and to support “marginalized black lives” wey cause the shutdown. Black Lives Matter dey shine for Take Back the Night event for Toronto. For June 2016, Pride Toronto choose Black Lives Matter as the honored group for their Pride parade, and dem do sit-in to stop parade for about half an hour. Dem get plenty demands for Pride to fix their relationship with LGBTQ people wey be color, like make dem get stable funding and correct place for Blockorama, better diversity for their staff and volunteers, and make Toronto Police no fit march for the parade in uniform. Pride executive director Mathieu Chantelois sign BLM demand, but later talk say he just sign am to stop sit-in and make parade continue, no agree say he go honor the demands. For late August 2016, Toronto chapter protest outside Special Investigations Unit for Mississauga cause Abdirahman Abdi die during arrest for Ottawa. For 2020, Regis Korchinski-Paquet and D'Andre Campbell die for Canada wey cause BLM protests dey demand make police funding reduce. As of December 2020, five Canadian BLM chapters dey for Toronto, Vancouver, Waterloo Region, Edmonton, and New Brunswick. Black Lives Matter for Canada dey also focus on issues, racism and wahala wey Indigenous Canadians dey face. Denmark Demonstration for Christiansborg Slotsplads, Copenhagen, June 7, 2020 For Denmark, one group wey dem call Black Lives Matter Denmark start for 2016, na Bwalya Sørensen wey be woman from Zambia wey come Denmark when she be 19 years. Dem group dey focus on rejected asylum seekers and criminal foreigners wey dem don sentence make dem go. E no clear how dem dey connect to di U.S. group, but Sørensen talk say one person for U.S. motivate am to start di Danish chapter, and say in 2017, di U.S. co-founder, Ayọ Tometi, come visit am. For June 2020, after dem kill George Floyd, Black Lives Matter Denmark hold demonstration for Copenhagen, wey carry 15,000 people come. After di demonstration, di group and Sørensen face plenty criticism because di rules dey separate people by ethnicity: for di demonstration, only black people fit dey front, and white people no fit join some chants. Other wahala dey include Sørensen no gree co-host demonstration with Amnesty International because dem workers be white, and she dey raise money without proper permit, while she dey call di missing fundraising permit peaceful 'civil disobedience'. Sørensen sef don face criticism for how she dey split di movement with her confrontational style. New group wey dem talk say na Afro Danish Collective show up for June 2020, with Roger Matthisen wey be former member of Folketing for The Alternative, as spokesperson. Dem group get similar aim like Black Lives Matter Denmark, but dem go take beta approach wey no go separate people based on skin color for di demonstration. Matthisen talk say Afro Danish Collective start partly because di leadership of Black Lives Matter Denmark no dey professional enough. France For July 18, 2020, plenty protesters gather for Paris to mark four years since Adama Traoré die. Traoré, na black man wey dem arrest for July 2016, faint after police pin am down. E later die for police station; how e take die still dey unclear. Racial wahala still dey on top wetin happen for 2023 after dem kill teenager Nahel Merzouk. Germany On June 6, 2020, tens of thousands people come together for Germany to support Black Lives Matter movement. For July 18, 2020, over 1,500 protesters show face for anti-racism march for Berlin to protest police wahala. Protest for Fukuoka, June 21, 2020 Japan After George Floyd die, plenty demonstrations happen for Japan, including 1,000-person demo for Osaka on June 7, 2020, and 3,500-person march go Shibuya and Harajuku for Tokyo on June 14, 2020. The movement get some people wey dey backlash am for internet, especially wey dem de criticize tennis player Naomi Osaka when she encourage people make dem join Black Lives Matter march for Osaka. New Zealand Black Lives Matter protest happen for Aotea Square, Auckland, June 14, 2020. For June 1, 2020, plenty BLM protests show for New Zealand wey dem do because dem dey vex well-well for George Floyd murder. Places like Auckland, Wellington, Christchurch, Dunedin, Tauranga, Palmerston North and Hamilton no lack am. For Auckland, around 2,000 to 4,000 people come jam together, na members from New Zealand African community organize am. Mahlete Tekeste, wey dey organize am, African American lady Kainee Simone, and athlete Israel Adesanya talk say racism, mass jail, and police wahala wey African Americans dey face be like the way Māori and Pacific Islanders dey full New Zealand prisons, plus the hot police response wey no sweet, and the wicked racism wey dey happen for minorities like the 2019 Christchurch mosque shooting. Na hip hop guy Mazbou Q too call out Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern make she no let violence happen to black Americans go unpunished. The Green Party, wey dey part of Labour government, show dem support for BLM, link African Americans wahala to the racism and inequality wey Māori and Pasifika dey face too. But the Deputy Prime Minister Winston Peters come criticize the BLM protests say dem dey break COVID-19 laws wey dey stop crowd over 100 people. United Kingdom Protest for St. Nicholas Church for Brighton, June 3, 2020 Black Lives Matter start for UK inside summer 2016. Thousands show for protest wey dey fight police racist for Manchester on July 11, and dem create group wey dem call Black Lives Matter UK (UKBLM) after June 23 Brexit talk wey US BLM activist Patrisse Cullors come address. On August 4, 2016, BLM protesters block London City Airport for London, England. Some people tie themselves together for the runway. Nine people catch police for the matter. BLM protests still happen for other English towns like Birmingham and Nottingham. UK protests na to mark five years since Mark Duggan shoot death. For 2016, tabloid papers dey run stories to expose and discredit BLM activists, so the movement decide to keep their identity secret. On June 25, 2017, BLM supporters gather for Stratford, London to shout for Edson Da Costa wey die for police custody. No arrest happen for that protest. Patrick Vernon talk say di way BLM start for UK no get respect. From 2018, after wahala like Grenfell Tower fire and Windrush scandal, many black Britons, especially senior ones, start dey see the movement with better eyes. For December 2019, Black Lives Matter UK join Wretched of the Earth to represent voices of global indigenous people and people of color for climate justice movement. For 2020, plenty protests happen make dem support Black Lives Matter movement for US. After dem kill George Floyd, London protest start for Trafalgar Square on May 31, Hyde Park on June 3, Parliament Square on June 6, and outside US Embassy on June 7. Dem get similar protests for Manchester, Bristol, and Cardiff. UK protests no only show say dem dey with US protesters, but dem also remember the black people wey don die for UK, as protesters dey chant, carry signs, and dey post for social media with names of victims like Julian Cole, Belly Mujinga, Nuno Cardoso, and Sarah Reed. The empty pedestal wey Edward Colston statue dey for Bristol wahala no be small since 1990s, as dem begin dey look how him be philanthropist wey dey trade slaves. For June 2020, dem bring down the statue, spoil am and push am inside Bristol Harbour. For June 7, protests still dey continue for plenty towns and cities. During Black Lives Matter protest for Bristol, protesters bring down Edward Colston statue for city center, roll am go road, and push am into Bristol Harbour. Home Secretary Priti Patel fit no like am, her talk be say: "This hooliganism no get defense." For London, after dem don spoil am few days earlier, protesters come spoil Winston Churchill statue for Parliament Square again with graffiti. Dem spray black paint for him name plus the words "was a racist" underneath. One protester even try burn Union Jack flag wey dey fly for Cenotaph, wey be memorial for Britain war dead. Later for evening, wahala break out between protesters and police. 49 police officers get injury as protesters dey throw bottle and firework for dem. For weekend, police arrest plenty people, 135 in total. Boris Johnson wey be British Prime Minister talk say, "dem wey dey attack public properties or police – dem wey dey injure police officers wey dey try make we all dey safe – dem go face full force of the law; no be just because of the hurt and damage, but because of the wahala dem dey cause for the cause dem claim say dem dey represent."Peaceful protests happen for Leeds’ Millennium Square on June 14, 2020, organized by group wey be Black Voices Matter wey include Black Lives Matter Leeds. Second protest happen for Woodhouse Moor on June 21, organized by Black Lives Matter Leeds again. On June 28, Black Lives Matter UK receive wahala for some tweets wey dem post from their official Twitter about Israel, one of dem talk say "mainstream British politics no fit critique Zionism." Premier League wey dey carry Black Lives Matter logo for their football shirts for the 2019–20 season talk say any group wey try use the cause for their own agenda dey unwelcome. After dem collect plenty donations for summer 2020, Black Lives Matter UK organize themselves well. For September 2020, the group change their name to Black Liberation Movement UK and become legally registered as community benefit society. But dem still dey use Black Lives Matter name for their international efforts. For January 2021, Black Liberation Movement start to share their funds to grassroots black-led and anti-racist organizations for UK. Some activists wey dey follow different BLM group, Charles Gordon and Sasha Johnson, come start Taking The Initiative Party (TTIP) for summer 2020 dem don apply make dem register as political party through Electoral Commission; but BLM UK talk say "BLM UK no get any plan to form political party. Dis person or group no dey link with us." In September 2021, British man wey dey do business and dey help people, Ken Olisa, tell Channel 4 say Queen Elizabeth II and di British royal family support Black Lives Matter. For reply, BLM UK spokesperson talk say "We shock say Queen be BLM supporter. But we welcome anybody wey agree with wetin we dey do to break white supremacy. Action dey speak louder than words. Di Queen dey sit for throne wey dem take colonial plunder make. Until she return all di stolen gold and diamonds from Commonwealth and pay reparations, dem be just fine words." For October 2021, The Guardian and The Times report say covert police unit for South Wales try to recruit Black Lives Matter protester make e be informant and give dem more info about far-right activists wey don march support BLM. For February 2022, Swansea chapter of BLM talk say dem go close down because of "police dey try recruit and threats to members' safety from far-right activists." For July 2024, Black Lives Matter UK Festival of Collective Liberation happen for Friends House, London, and more than 600 activists and supporters show up. 2016 United States presidential election Some more gist: 2016 United States presidential election Car wey get BLM sticker, September 18, 2015 Primaries Democrats For Netroots Nation Conference wey happen for July 2015, plenty Black Lives Matter activists jam the stage wey Martin O'Malley and Bernie Sanders dey. Activists, including BLM co-founder Patrisse Cullors, ask both candidates make dem give dem specific plans to tackle deaths for police custody. Dem protesters dey shout plenty slogans like "if I die for police custody, burn everything down" and "Shut this nonsense down". E get as “Shut it down” come turn popular for BLM protests and social media. After conference organizers beg the protesters for small time, O'Malley come respond say him go drop big plan for criminal justice reform. But later, protesters boo O'Malley when him talk say, "Black lives matter. White lives matter. All lives matter." O'Malley come apologize later, talk say him no mean to disrespect the black community. For August 8, 2015, one speech wey Bernie Sanders wey be Democratic presidential candidate and civil rights activist make, dem disrupt am. Na group wey go later start Seattle Chapter of Black Lives Matter come dey include Marissa Johnson, wey just waka come stage, collect microphone from am, dey call him supporters racists and white supremacists. Sanders come respond with one platform. Nikki Stephens, wey dey run Facebook page wey dem dey call "Black Lives Matter: Seattle" come apologize to Sanders' supporters, talk say wetin dem do no be wetin she sabi as BLM. Dem come send her threatening messages from Seattle Chapter members, make she change her group name to "Black in Seattle". The founders of Black Lives Matter talk say dem no send any apology. For August 2015, Democratic National Committee pass resolution wey support Black Lives Matter. For the first Democratic primary debate, dem ask presidential candidates whether black lives matter or all lives matter. Bernie Sanders reply say, "Black lives matter." Martin O'Malley too say, "Black lives matter," and sey the movement dey make serious points, say as nation, we don undervalue black lives, people of color. Hillary Clinton come push for criminal justice reform, talk say, "We need new New Deal for communities of color." Jim Webb come talk say: "As president of United States, every life for this country matter." Hillary Clinton no directly ask the same question, but dem ask am: "Wetins you go do for African Americans for this country wey President Obama fit no do?" Clinton don meet BLM reps before, she yarn say she dey wan change things with better approach. She talk say, "Look, I no believe say we fit change hearts. I believe say we fit change laws". She dey feel say without policy change, "we go dey here again in 10 years dey talk the same matter". In June 2015, she use the phrase "all lives matter" for speech wey concern opportunities for young people wey be colored, maar e cause some wahala say she fit no understand wetin "Black Lives Matter" mean. One week after dem do the first Democratic primary debate for Las Vegas, BLM launch petition wey target DNC and their chairwoman Debbie Wasserman Schultz, dey demand more debates, plus specifically one wey get #BlackLivesMatter theme. The petition gather over 10,000 signatures within 24 hours,[6] and reach over 33,000 as at October 27, 2015. DNC talk say dem go allow presidential candidates join town hall wey activists go organize, but dem no go add any other debate to their schedule. In response, the organization drop one statement for their Facebook page talk say, "[i]n consultation with our chapters, our communities, allies, and supporters, we go still demand for full additional debate". After the first debate, in October 2015, Hillary Clinton speech on criminal justice reform and race for Atlanta University Center get interruption from BLM activists. For February 2016, two Black Lives Matter activists dey protest for one private fundraiser wey Clinton dey run, because of wetin she talk for 1996, wey she call young people ‘super-predators’. One activist dey vex make Clinton apologize for ‘mass incarceration’ because e connect to wetin she support for her husband, Bill Clinton criminal reform law for 1994. Republicans dey mostly criticize BLM. For August 2015, Ben Carson, the only African American wey wan run for Republican nomination, call the movement ‘silly’. He talk say BLM suppose care about all black lives, no be just small number. For di first Republican presidential debate wey happen for Cleveland, dem ask question wey touch Black Lives Matter. Scott Walker talk say dem suppose train law enforcement well and blame di movement for rising anti-police feeling, while Marco Rubio be di first wey show sympathy for di movement. For August 2015, activists wey dey chant ‘Black Lives Matter’ interrupt di Las Vegas rally for Republican candidate Jeb Bush. As Bush dey waka comot early, some of him supporters start dey shout ‘white lives matter’ or ‘all lives matter’. Plenty conservative pundits don label di movement as ‘hate group’. Candidate Chris Christie, di New Jersey Governor, don criticize President Obama for supporting BLM, talk say di movement dey call for police officers to be killed. Christie's talk no go down well with New Jersey chapters of NAACP and ACLU. BLM activists also dey call di Republican National Committee make dem carry presidential debate wey go focus on racial justice issues. But di RNC no gree change dem debate schedule, instead dem just support make dem hold townhall or forum. For November 2015, one BLM protester dey suffer for Donald Trump rally for Birmingham, Alabama. Trump come talk say, "maybe e suppose don get small beating, because wetin e dey do no dey sweet at all." Trump don already talk say e go fight any Black Lives Matter protesters wey wan talk for im event. Anti-Trump protest for New York City, March 19, 2016. For March 2016, Black Lives Matter help organize the Trump Chicago rally protest wey force Trump cancel di event. Four people don arrest, two don get felony beat-up charge for police officer and no wan want run. One don get two small charges for resisting police, and the fourth don get one charge for disrupting police as well. One CBS reporter dey among dem wey don arrest outside di rally for resisting arrest. Election time, group wey dem call Mothers of the Movement, wey include mothers of Michael Brown, Sandra Bland, Eric Garner, and other mothers wey lose dem unarmed African American children to police wahala or gun violence, come talk for 2016 Democratic National Convention on July 26. For di first presidential debate for 2016 between Hillary Clinton and Trump, some media people talk say Clinton dey talk 'Black Lives Matter movement language' when she mention implicit bias and systemic racism, but others point out say neither Clinton nor Trump use di words 'Black Lives Matter.' For Washington Post op-ed, DeRay Mckesson talk say he dey support Hillary Clinton, because her 'platform for racial justice dey strong'. He explain say to just vote no be the only way to get 'transformational change'. E talk say 'I don dey vote my whole life, and dem still tear-gas me for street of St. Louis and Baltimore. I don vote all my life, but those votes no fit convict the people wey kill Sandra Bland, Freddie Gray or Michael Brown'. 2024 United States presidential election For July 2024, Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation drop statement wey dey oppose Democratic Party wey go nominate Kamala Harris as president without primary election. Dem talk say e be like say dem dey 'anoint' Harris without public vote. Dem argue say putting Harris as nominee without primary election dey undermine democratic principles, and dis kin move go make modern Democratic Party be party of hypocrites. BLM call on Democratic National Committee make dem host virtual primary so voters fit participate for nomination process. Dis BLM stand don spark talks about transparency and democratic engagement for Democratic Party as dem dey prepare for 2024 election. Dem re-emphasize say dem need more open process, express worry about how dem go fit lack representation and accountability for the nomination matter. After dem kill George Floyd, plenty companies come out join movement, dey donate and change policy based on wetin di group dey stand for. "All Lives Matter" dey come up as response to di Black Lives Matter movement, right after e gather national attention. Plenty big people don support All Lives Matter, like Senator Tim Scott. NFL cornerback Richard Sherman dey support di All Lives Matter message, him talk say "I dey stand for wetin I talk, say All Lives Matter and we be human beings." According to one poll wey dem do for August 2015, 78% of likely American voters talk say di statement "all lives matter" dey closest to wetin dem believe compared to "black lives matter" or neither. Only 11% talk say "black lives matter" dey closest. Nine percent talk say neither of dem statements reflect wetin dem dey think. Professor David Theo Goldberg talk say "All Lives Matter" be view of "racial dismissal, ignoring, and denial". Professor Charles "Chip" Linscott talk say "All Lives Matter" dey promote di "erasure of structural anti-black racism and black social death in di name of formal and ideological equality and post-racial colorblindness." Co-founder Alicia Garza don reply dem wey dey criticize the movement say e dey exclusive, she talk say, "#BlackLivesMatter no mean say your life no dey important – e mean say Black lives wey dem no value for White supremacy, be important for your liberation." President Barack Obama talk about the wahala wey dey between Black Lives Matter and All Lives Matter. Obama talk say, "I believe say the reason wey dem organizers use Black Lives Matter na because dem no talk say other people's lives no dey matter... wetin dem dey try talk be sey, e get specific problem wey dey happen for African American community wey no dey happen for other communities." He still talk say, "that one be serious issue wey we need to tackle." "Blue Lives Matter" Main article: Blue Lives Matter Blue Lives Matter na counter movement wey support police officers for America and dey push say anybody wey kill police officers suppose face hate crime law. E start because of Black Lives Matter after dem kill NYPD officers Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu for Brooklyn, New York on December 20, 2014. After two police officers get shot for Ferguson, dem create the hashtag #BlueLivesMatter by dem wey support police. After that, Blue Lives Matter turn pro-police officer movement for America, e grow bigger after sniper kill five police officers for Dallas, Texas wey say police shooting of Black people be him reason. Dem don criticize am with ACLU and others, e still inspire state law for Louisiana wey make am hate crime to target police officers, firefighters, and emergency medical service wahala people. Dem movement don face plenty wahala after di 2021 Capitol attack for United States, as pro-Trump people show dem support, some even carry Blue Lives Matter flags go protest. People dey call dem movement hypocritical, as di mob dey beat up Capitol police officers. One Black officer, Harry Dunn, talk say dem beat am with Blue Lives Matter flag while dem dey shout racial insults for am. Dis one make some people argue say Blue Lives Matter dey try suppress minorities pass supporting law enforcement. "White Lives Matter" Dis one na activist group wey dem create to counter Black Lives Matter. For August 2016, Southern Poverty Law Center add "White Lives Matter" to dem hate group list. Di group dey active for United Kingdom too. Di "White Lives Matter" slogan dem dey chant am when torch-carrying alt-right protesters gather for 2017 Unite the Right rally for Charlottesville, Virginia. On October 28, 2017, plenty "White Lives Matter" rallies burst out for Tennessee, especially for Shelbyville, as dem dey justify dem movement because of di plenty immigrants wey dey come Middle Tennessee. "White Lives Matter" movements dey show face for European football too, as dem don raise corresponding banners for stadiums for Czech Republic, Ukraine, Hungary, Netherlands, and di United Kingdom. White Lives Matter don also dey promoted by white nationalists. Disinformation Di Anti-Defamation League talk say plenty people dey try spread lie about BLM. Dem mention one post for mid-June 2020 wey get sticker wey talk say 'kill a white on sight' wey don scatter for Facebook and Twitter. Di sticker still get hashtags like #BlackLivesMatter and #Antifa. On Telegram, one 'white supremacist channel' dey encourage members to spread di propaganda. Another disinformation wey start for June 2020 for 4chan wan trend di hashtag #AllWhitesAreNazis (#AWAN) for Twitter. Di people wey organize dis tin hope say dem go hijack hashtags like #BlackLivesMatter and #BLM wit plenty tweets wey dem go pretend say na from Black activists, but dey go put di #AWAN hashtag. Di ADL talk say di people wey support di campaign wan create wahala and boost white supremacist accelerationism. Some conservative pundits like Ryan Fournier and Candace Owens don lie say ActBlue dey carry donation wey suppose go BLM give Democratic candidates, some even talk say di organization be money laundering scam. Scholars talk say Russian people wey dey work with Internet Research Agency don dey push campaign wey go promote BLM movement and still dey fight am back. For some instances, dem encourage violence against BLM members. Fake manifesto For June 2020, one unknown group don create website for BLMManifesto.com as if na di manifesto of di BLM movement. Di text be like di 1919 Italian Fascist Manifesto, but dem don modify am to fit racial injustice. According to Snopes, di website dey look like e wan discredit di BLM movement. Statistic wey dey show say people for America dey see Black Lives Matter differently based on race. One poll from September 2015 talk say almost two-thirds of African Americans dey mostly gree with Black Lives Matter, but 30% of black Americans and 37% of white Americans no get any opinion about am. Among white people wey dem survey, 41% think say Black Lives Matter dey preach violence, and 59% believe say e dey distract from serious matters of racial discrimination. But for black people wey dem ask, 82% think say Black Lives Matter na nonviolent movement, while 26% feel say e dey take focus away from real discrimination issues. When dem ask whether 'Black Lives Matter' be more movement or slogan, 46% of whites and 67% of blacks gree say na movement. One serious survey wey dem do for internet by Center for the Study of Diversity and Democracy at Northwestern University show say 82 percent of African Americans believe say the movement dey work at least p小ate for wetin e dey try achieve, even though 64 percent of them think say if dem fit get better leadership, e go work more. For June 2016, one poll show say 65% of black American adults dey support Black Lives Matter, while 40% of white adults dey support am. 59% of black Americans believe say Black Lives Matter go help blacks find equality in the long run, but only 34% of white Americans share that feeling. One 2017 Harvard-Harris survey also find say 35% of whites and 83% of blacks get good mind about the movement. According to wetin The Guardian analyze from US Crisis Monitor stats, for most part of 2020, US law enforcement dey use teargas, pepper spray, rubber bullets, and beat people pass for Black Lives Matter protests than for pro-Trump or any rightwing protests, no matter if the protest dey violent or peaceful. The analysis still talk say most of the tens of thousands protests for US last year dey peaceful, and both left and right protests no get violent wahala from law enforcement. With Black Lives Matter come back strong for headlines as global protests dey happen, the movement see plenty support for 2020. Even though dem begin from different angles, as New York Times’ The Upshot talk, all kind voters dey sharply support the movement just within two weeks between late May and early June, e reach how dem no fit do for two years before. Pew Research Center report say most Americans show dem support for Black Lives Matter during dis time. Terrance Woodbury wey dey research young people attitudes talk say the movement don change from Black people vs police to young people vs racism. Online survey wey Global Strategy Group do for people wey dey age 18 to 34 find say plenty people support the movement, except pro-Trump Republicans. Ayọ Tometi believe say the increase for support come from economic wahala and how American government dey handle COVID-19 pandemic. Protests wey Black Lives Matter lead throughout summer turn one of the biggest movements for US history. But e be like the movement dey lose steam and popularity, as one Pew Research Center poll show say support for Black Lives Matter don drop by 12 percent, land at 55% of all American adults by September. E don even go back to negative approval rating among white Americans, plus e dey fall for Hispanic Americans too. But black American adults still dey show love (up 1% from June to 87%). Nobel Peace Prize nomination Black Lives Matter get nomination for Nobel Peace Prize for January 2021. The nominator be Norwegian activist and Member of Parliament Petter Eide. In the end, dem give the award to journalists Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov. Criticisms Ideology Some conservatives like Mike Gonzalez from Heritage Foundation don dey talk say Black Lives Matter be Marxist movement based on wetin one of di co-founders talk say she and another co-founder “be trained Marxists.” But PolitiFact talk say “Black Lives Matter don grow into national anti-racism movement wey plenty Americans dey support, wey few go fit call demself Marxist.” Cultural critic Fredrik deBoer dey blame “idea-generating” people and institutions for di wahala wey BLM dey face as social movement. Tactics Some black civil rights leaders like Cecil “Chip” Murray, Najee Ali, and Earl Ofari Hutchinson don dey criticize BLM say dem no dey respect and dem dey ineffective, with Ali talk say “all dem fit do na disrupt and make noise.” Economist Glenn Loury, while he dey support di fundamentals of di movement, don criticize di backlash against “White politicians wey dey talk say All Lives Matter” and di polarizing effect wey di movement dey cause. For him 2018 book wey dem call The Once and Future Liberal, Mark Lilla no dey like how Black Lives Matter dey work, na im dey talk say e fit spoil left matter wey dey go on. E say though e agree with wetin dem wan do, e call their talk say na 'textbook example how to no build solidarity', argue say how dem dey act dey push people away, dem dey show negative vibe towards American society and law enforcement. E go even compare dem with civil rights leaders wey dey 'focus on wetin we dey share' instead of race wahala. People don carry Lilla matter come for criticism too, call am 'trolling wey be like intellectual prowess' and say e dey make white supremacy come back make e fine again. Academic freedom Some academics, like John McWhorter, John Ellis, Marybeth Gasman, and Glenn Loury dey complain say some Black Lives Matter activists dey silence speech dey suppress academic freedom. Dem claim say na cause wetin we fit call self-censorship, academic inquiry dey reduce, and some research dey bias. Critics dey talk say academics dey fear to talk against this oppression because dem no want wahala. Particularly, some big academics don talk against 'diversity statements' wey dem dey use for admission, hiring, and tenure decisions, include Jeffrey Flier wey be Dean for Harvard Medical School, and Abigail Thompson wey be Vice President for American Mathematical Society. Thompson even compare am to McCarthy era loyalty oaths. When schools dey collect state money, scholars don dey criticize Black Lives Matter pledges as constitutional wahala. Views on law enforcement Some people dey talk say Black Lives Matter be anti-police and dem dey support violence against police dem. Sgt. Demetrick Pennie wey dey Dallas Police Department carry case go court against Black Lives Matter for September 2016, dem accuse di group say dem dey start 'race war.' People wey dey march with BLM banner wey dem capture for video dey shout, 'Pigs in a blanket, fry dem like bacon' for Minnesota State Fair. Law enforcement groups talk say di chant dey promote death for police. Di protest organizer no gree agree, e talk say: 'Wet we dey promote be say if black people wey kill police officers go fry, make police officers too face di same wahala we dey face as civilians for killing officers.' Ferguson, Missouri, August 17, 2014 Disconnect from underprivileged communities Some black community leaders don come out against di movement say e dey far from di people e suppose represent. For August 2020 budget cuts, New York City Councilman I. Daneek Miller wey be co-chair for di council's Black, Latino and Asian Caucus talk say make dem no reduce police funding, e add say, 'Black folks want make dem dey safe like everybody...we no fit allow people from outside our community come dey teach us about Black lives.' Vanessa Gibson from Bronx 16th Council District talk say, 'My working-class people, dem wey get house, dem tenants, my neighbors—dem no dey shout, because dem get work.' Mayor Ras Baraka from Newark, New Jersey, call 'defund di police' one 'bourgeois liberal' solution to racism. Insufficient focus on women Women no dey get enough attention Dem dey talk say: Misogyny Some women wey dey for Black Lives Matter movement, like Treva B. Lindsey wey be professor and civil rights advocate, don talk say BLM dey ignore black women experience for black men experience. Like, dem don dey organize more protests for Michael Brown and Trayvon Martin killing pass Pamela Turner, Kayla Moore or Rekia Boyd killing. As dem respond, Say Her Name don start to focus on the killing of black women by police and to carry their names enter Black Lives Matter protest. Dem goal na to give complete story but no dey compete with other stories wey dey happen for BLM. Mismanagement of funds Dem don raise alarms say Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation dey mismanage funds after dem buy house for $6 million for southern California to use am as space for Black artists fellowship. The property get six bedrooms, a recording studio, and swimming pool. Lack of focus on unsolved murders and missing persons cases Since dem start, Black Lives Matter movement dey face plenty criticism because e no dey focus well on unsolved murders and missing persons cases. Like, some researchers don confirm say murders of Black victims dey mostly go unsolved. According to FBI statistics, 40% of missing persons for US na people of color. Kyle Pope, editor and researcher wey dey work for Columbia Journalism Review, don notice say media no dey pay attention to this kind crime. For 2008, Derrica and Natalie Wilson start Black and Missing Foundation, wey be non-profit to find unsolved Black murder victims for the country. For one interview wey dem do for 2021, dem find say unsolved murders of Black people dey mostly overlooked by law enforcement and national media. == Story Line For All The Major Protest For Yankee == For 2014, Black Lives Matter wey be demonstration dey counter the deaths of numerous African Americans by the police dey include likes of Dontre Hamilton, Eric Garner, John Crawford III, Michael Brown, Ezell Ford, Laquan McDonald, Akai Gurley, Tamir Rice, Antonio Martin, and Jerame Reid, among others.<ref>[https://www.loc.gov/item/lcwaN0016241/ "Black Lives Matter (BLM)"]. ''Library of Congress''. Retrieved June 16, 2020.</ref> == References == [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] <references /> == Read further == {{Library resources box}} * {{cite journal |last1=Bonilla |first1=Tabitha |last2=Tillery Jr |first2=Alvin B. |date=November 2020 |title=Which Identity Frames Boost Support for and Mobilization in the #BlackLivesMatter Movement? An Experimental Test |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/which-identity-frames-boost-support-for-and-mobilization-in-the-blacklivesmatter-movement-an-experimental-test/AD0E73AF21C32FE03F1C0897456CC5C5 |journal=American Political Science Review |language=en |volume=114 |issue=4 |pages=947–962 |doi=10.1017/S0003055420000544 |issn=0003-0554 |url-access=subscription |access-date=}} * {{cite journal |last1=Clayton |first1=Dewey M. |date=2018 |title=Black Lives Matter and the civil rights movement: A comparative analysis of two social movements in the United States |url= |format= |journal=Journal of Black Studies |series= |language= |volume=49 |issue=5 |pages=448–480 |bibcode= |doi=10.1177/0021934718764099 |issn=0021-9347 |oclc= |pmc= |pmid= |access-date=}} * {{cite magazine|title=The Matter of Black Lives|last1=Cobb|first1=Jelani|author-link=|magazine=The New Yorker|date=March 14, 2016|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/03/14/where-is-black-lives-matter-headed|access-date=|ref=none}} * {{cite news|last1=Cole|first1=Teju|title=The Superhero Photographs of the Black Lives Matter Movement|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/31/magazine/the-superhero-photographs-of-the-black-lives-matter-movement.html|access-date=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160727125858/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/31/magazine/the-superhero-photographs-of-the-black-lives-matter-movement.html|archive-date=2016-07-27|url-access=subscription|url-status=live|work=The New York Times Magazine|date=July 26, 2016|ref=none}} * {{cite journal |last1=Hayward |first1=Clarissa Rile |date=April 2020 |title=Disruption: What Is It Good For? |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/706766 |journal=The Journal of Politics |language=en |volume=82 |issue=2 |pages=448–459 |doi=10.1086/706766 |issn=0022-3816 |url-access=subscription |access-date=}} * {{cite journal |last=Hooker |first=Juliet |date=2016 |title=Black Lives Matter and the Paradoxes of U.S. Black Politics: From Democratic Sacrifice to Democratic Repair |url= |journal=Political Theory |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=448–469 |doi=10.1177/0090591716640314 |issn=0090-5917 |access-date=}} * {{cite book|last=Lebron|first=Christopher J.|url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-making-of-black-lives-matter-9780190601348?cc=is&lang=en&|title=The Making of Black Lives Matter: A Brief History of An Idea|date=2017|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-060134-8|publication-place=New York, NY|access-date=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211115851/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-making-of-black-lives-matter-9780190601348?cc=is&lang=en&|archive-date=December 11, 2018}} * {{cite web|last=Miller|first=Lisa L.|date=August 5, 2016|title=Black Activists Don't Ignore Crime|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/06/opinion/black-activists-dont-ignore-crime.html|url-access=subscription|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806032543/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/06/opinion/black-activists-dont-ignore-crime.html|archive-date=2016-08-06|access-date=|work=The New York Times|ref=none}} * {{cite journal |last1=Ming Francis |first1=Megan |last2=Wright-Rigueur |first2=Leah |date=2021-10-13 |title=Black Lives Matter in Historical Perspective |journal=Annual Review of Law and Social Science |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=441–458 |doi=10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-122120-100052 |issn=1550-3585 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite magazine|url=https://www.wired.com/2015/10/how-black-lives-matter-uses-social-media-to-fight-the-power/|access-date=|title=Social Media Helps Black Lives Matter Fight the Power|first=Bijan|last=Stephen|date=November 2015|magazine=Wired|ref=none}} * {{cite magazine|url=https://time.com/4429351/republican-black-lives-matter/|access-date=|title=I'm a GOP Delegate and I Wore a 'Black Lives Matter' Shirt to the RNC|first=Melissa|last=Stevens|date=July 28, 2016|magazine=Time|ref=none}} * {{cite journal |last1=Tillery Jr |first1=Alvin B. |date=September 2019 |title=What Kind of Movement is Black Lives Matter? The View from Twitter |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-race-ethnicity-and-politics/article/what-kind-of-movement-is-black-lives-matter-the-view-from-twitter/375801268123BCA397284EFBE36C9F4E |journal=Journal of Race, Ethnicity, and Politics |language=en |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=297–323 |doi=10.1017/rep.2019.17 |issn=2056-6085 |access-date=}} * {{cite journal |last1=Towler |first1=Christopher C. |last2=Crawford |first2=Nyron N. |last3=Bennett |first3=Robert A. |date=2020 |title=Shut Up and Play: Black Athletes, Protest Politics, and Black Political Action |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/F9266D6D87A357726B19EC51C6266068/S1537592719002597a.pdf/div-class-title-shut-up-and-play-black-athletes-protest-politics-and-black-political-action-div.pdf |journal=Perspectives on Politics |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=111–127 |doi=10.1017/S1537592719002597 |issn=1537-5927 |access-date= |doi-access=free}} * {{cite book|last=Woodly|first=Deva R.|url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/reckoning-9780197603956?cc=us&lang=en&|title=Reckoning: Black Lives Matter and the Democratic Necessity of Social Movements|date=2022|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-760395-6|publication-place=New York|access-date=}} === Bibliographies === * {{cite web|last=Bernard|first=Marie Lyn|year=2014|title=#BlackLivesMatter: A Longform Reading List|url=http://www.autostraddle.com/blacklivesmatter-the-longform-reading-list-265454/|url-status=live|access-date=|work=Autostraddle|location=USA|ref=none}} * {{cite web|last=Cheng|first=Selina|date=July 2016|title=The complete summer reading syllabus on Black Lives Matter|url=http://qz.com/728658/heres-what-librarians-recommend-reading-on-blm/|url-status=live|access-date=|work=Quartz|ref=none}} * {{cite web|author=Oakland Public Library|author-link=|year=2014|title=Listen, Learn, Participate: A #BlackLivesMatter Resource Series|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916043052/http://oaklandlibrary.org/blogs/from-main-library/listen-learn-participate-blacklivesmatter-resource-series|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916043052/https://web.archive.org/web/20160916043052/http://oaklandlibrary.org/blogs/from-main-library/listen-learn-participate-blacklivesmatter-resource-series|archive-date=September 16, 2016|access-date=September 15, 2016|location=California|ref=none}} (Bibliography) * {{cite web|last=Teller|first=Malcolm|date=July 2016|title=Black Lives Matter Reference Guide|url=https://medium.com/malcolm-teller/black-lives-matter-a-collection-of-syllabi-6497460b9668|access-date=|work=Medium|ref=none}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q19600530|c=Category:Black Lives Matter|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=Black Lives Matter|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://blacklivesmatter.com/ Official website] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141226205743/https://www.elephrame.com/textbook/protests List of 1007 Black Lives Matter demonstrations] * [http://www.joincampaignzero.org/ Campaign Zero to end police violence] * {{cite web|title=Read This: #BlackLivesMatter Reads for Teens|url=https://hclib.bibliocommons.com/list/share/642401647_hcl_social_media/669879377_read_this_blacklivesmatter_reads_for_teens|publisher=Hennepin County Library|location=Minnesota|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160921203253/https://hclib.bibliocommons.com/list/share/642401647_hcl_social_media/669879377_read_this_blacklivesmatter_reads_for_teens|archive-date=September 21, 2016}} (Bibliography) * {{cite web|title=#blacklivesmatter|date=December 28, 2016|url=http://www.yalsa.ala.org/thehub/tag/blacklivesmatter/|url-status=live|publisher=American Library Association, Young Adult Library Services Association}} (Bibliography) * [https://mms.newberry.org/xml/xml_files/ChicagoBLM.xml Chicago Black Lives Matter Protest Collection] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210125205203/https://mms.newberry.org/xml/xml_files/ChicagoBLM.xml Archived] January 25, 2021, at the Wayback Machine at [https://www.newberry.org the Newberry Library] {{authority control}} [[Category:Black Lives Matter| ]] [[Category:21st-century social movements]] [[Category:2010s controversies insyd de United States]] [[Category:2020s controversies insyd de United States]] [[Category:2013 establishments insyd de United States]] [[Category:African Americans' rights organizations]] [[Category:American political catchphrases]] [[Category:Anti-black racism insyd de United States]] [[Category:Anti-racism]] [[Category:Civil rights protests insyd de United States]] [[Category:Criminal justice reform insyd de United States]] [[Category:Criticism of police brutality]] [[Category:Hashtags]] [[Category:History of African-American civil rights]] [[Category:Mass media-related controversies insyd de United States]] [[Category:Organizations dem establish insyd 2013]] [[Category:Post–civil rights era insyd African-American history]] [[Category:Race den crime insyd de United States]] [[Category:Social justice organizations]] [[Category:Slogans]] [[Category:Black Power]] [[Category:2013 neologisms]] [[Category:2013 quotations]] evphy34l0s6si18yvhwcbitzc5tc3zn 0 15626 112576 108459 2026-09-25T03:08:21Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112576 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Voting Rights Act of 1965''' be a landmark piece of federal legislation insyd de [[United States]] wey dey prohibit racial discrimination insyd voting.<ref name="DOJvra65">{{Cite web|date=July 28, 2017|title=History of Federal Voting Rights Laws: The Voting Rights Act of 1965|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/intro/intro_b.php|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210106161217/https://www.justice.gov/crt/history-federal-voting-rights-laws|archive-date=January 6, 2021|access-date=January 6, 2021|publisher=United States Department of Justice}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Voting Rights Act|url=http://nvrmi.com/?page_id=41|access-date=May 23, 2014|publisher=National Voting Rights Museum and Institute}}</ref> Na e be signed into law by Presido Lyndon B. Johnson during de height of de civil rights movement on August 4, 1965.wey Congress later amend de Act five times make e expand ein protections.<ref name="DOJvra65" /> Dem design am make e enforce de voting rights wey be protected by de Fourteenth den Fifteenth Amendments to de United States Constitution, na de Act sought make e secure de right to vote give racial minorities thru out de country. especially insyd de South. According to de U.S. Department of Justice, de Act be considered e be de most effective piece of federal civil rights legislation dem ever enact insyd de country. Na de National Archives and Records Administration state: "Na de Voting Rights Act of 1965 be de most significant statutory change insyd de relationship between de federal den de state governments insyd de area of voting since de Reconstruction period dey follow de Civil War".<ref name="NARA20220208VRA1965">{{Cite web|date=February 8, 2022|title=Milestone Documents: Voting Rights Act (1965)|url=https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/voting-rights-act|access-date=November 4, 2023|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration}}</ref> De act dey contain chaw provisions wey dey regulate elections. De act ein "general provisions" dey provide nationwide protections for voting rights. Section 2 be a general provision wey dey prohibit state den local government from make dem dey impose any voting rule wey "dey result insyd de denial anaa abridgement of de right of any citizen make dem vote on account of race anaa color" anaa membership insyd de language minority group.<ref name="2021supremecourt">{{Cite web|date=July 1, 2021|title=Brnovich, Attorney General of Arizona, et al. v. Democratic National Committee et al.|url=https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/19-1257_g204.pdf}}</ref> Oda general provisions specifically dey outlaw literacy tests den similar devices wey na be historically used make dem disenfranchise racial minorities. De act sanso dey contain "special provisions" wey dey apply to certain jurisdictions per. A core special provision be de Section 4 requirement, wich prohibit certain jurisdictions from make dem dey implement any change wey dey affect voting widout first receiving confirmation from de U.S. attorney general anaa de U.S. District Court for D.C. wey de change no dey discriminate against protected minorities.<ref name="DOJsection5">{{Cite web|title=About Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/sec_5/about.php|access-date=April 21, 2014|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice}}</ref> Anoda special provision dey require jurisdictions wey dey contain significant language minority populations make dem provide bilingual ballots den oda election materials. Section 4 den chaw oda special provisions apply to jurisdictions dem encompass by de "coverage formula" na dem prescribe insyd Section 4(b). Na de coverage formula be originally designed make e encompass jurisdictions wey engage insyd egregious voting discrimination insyd 1965, wey Congress update de formula insyd 1970 den 1975. Insyd ''Shelby County v. Holder'' (2013), na de U.S. Supreme Court struck down de coverage formula as unconstitutional, wey dey reason am say na e be obsolete. Na de court no strike down Section 5, buh widout a coverage formula, Section 5 be unenforceable.<ref name="scotusblogplain">{{Cite web|last=Howe|first=Amy|date=June 25, 2013|title=Details on Shelby County v. Holder: In Plain English|url=http://www.scotusblog.com/2013/06/details-on-shelby-county-v-holder-in-plain-english|access-date=July 1, 2013|website=SCOTUSBlog}}</ref> De jurisdictions wich na dem previously be covered by de coverage formula massively increase de rate of voter registration purges after de Shelby decision.<ref name="Feder-2020">{{Cite journal |last=Feder |first=Catalina |last2=Miller |first2=Michael G. |date=June 1, 2020 |title=Voter Purges After Shelby: Part of Special Symposium on Election Sciences |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1532673X20916426 |journal=American Politics Research |language=en-US |volume=48 |issue=6 |pages=687–692 |doi=10.1177/1532673x20916426 |issn=1532-673X |s2cid=221131969 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210105160727/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1532673X20916426 |archive-date=January 5, 2021}}</ref> Insyd 2021, na de ''Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee'' Supreme Court ruling reinterprete Section 2 of de Voting Rights Act of 1965, substantially dey weaken am.<ref name="section2less">{{Cite web|date=July 1, 2021|title=The Supreme Court Deals A New Blow To Voting Rights, Upholding Arizona Restrictions|url=https://www.npr.org/2021/07/01/998758022/the-supreme-court-upheld-upholds-arizona-measures-that-restrict-voting|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226123935/https://www.npr.org/2021/07/01/998758022/the-supreme-court-upheld-upholds-arizona-measures-that-restrict-voting?t=1640522230054|archive-date=December 26, 2021|access-date=September 7, 2021|website=NPR|language=en}}</ref><ref name="2021supremecourt"/> Na de ruling interpret de "totality of circumstances" language of Section 2 make e mean say e no dey generally prohibit voting rules wey dey disparate impact on de groups wey e seek make e protect, wey dey include a rule dem block under Section 5 before de Court inactivate dat section insyd ''Shelby County v. Holder''.<ref name="section2less" /><ref name="2021supremecourt" /> For particular, na de ruling hold say na fears of election fraud fi justify such rules widout evidence wey na any such fraud occur insyd de past anaa dat na de new rule fi make elections safer.<ref name="2021supremecourt" /> Research dey show dat na de Act successfully den massively increase voter turnout den voter registrations, in particular among black people.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bernini |first=Andrea |last2=Facchini |first2=Giovanni |last3=Tabellini |first3=Marco |last4=Testa |first4=Cecilia |date=July 2023 |title=Black Empowerment and White Mobilization: The Effects of the Voting Rights Act |journal=National Bureau of Economic Research |language=en |volume=Working Paper 31425 |doi=10.3386/w31425 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Fresh-2018">{{Cite journal |last=Fresh |first=Adriane |date=February 23, 2018 |title=The Effect of the Voting Rights Act on Enfranchisement: Evidence from North Carolina |journal=The Journal of Politics |volume=80 |issue=2 |pages=713–718 |doi=10.1086/697592 |s2cid=158668168}}</ref><ref name="Ang-2019">{{Cite journal |last=Ang |first=Desmond |date=2019 |title=Do 40-Year-Old Facts Still Matter? Long-Run Effects of Federal Oversight under the Voting Rights Act |journal=American Economic Journal: Applied Economics |language=en |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=1–53 |doi=10.1257/app.20170572 |issn=1945-7782 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Na dem sanso link de state Act to concrete outcomes, such as greater public goods provision (such as public education) give areas plus higher black population shares, more members of Congress wey dey vote give civil rights-related legislation, den greater Black representation insyd local offices. == Background == At firs. De United States Constitution gree make each state fit decide how dem go take check who go fit vote.<ref>United States Constitution art. I, sec. 2, cl. 1</ref><ref name="Bending">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|50}} But after de Civil War, dem pass three Reconstruction Amendments wey limit dis power. De Thirteenth Amendment (1865) talk say no more slavery 'unless na punishment for crime'; de Fourteenth Amendment (1868) gree say anybody wey dem bon or naturalize for United States fit be citizen and dem go get due process and equal protection; and di Fifteenth Amendment (1870) talk say '[t]he right of citizens for de United States to vote no go fit deny or cut down by de United States or by any State sekof of race, color, or any past condition of servitude.' Dis Amendments sef give Congress power to make sure dem enforce de rules through 'correct legislation.'<ref>{{cite web|title=Landmark Legislation: Thirteenth, Fourteenth, & Fifteenth Amendments|url=https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/generic/CivilWarAmendments.htm|access-date=June 25, 2015|publisher=United States Senate}}</ref> To make de Reconstruction Amendments work, Congress dey pass Enforcement Acts for 1870s. Dem acts make am illegal if you go try block person from voting plus dey put federal eye for electoral wahala, include voter registration.{{rp|310}} But for 1875, Supreme Court come strike some parts of de law as e no gree with de constitution for United States v. Cruikshank and United States v. Reese.<ref name="democracy2">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|97}} After Reconstruction Era finish for 1877, dem no dey follow these laws well again, e for 1894, Congress come cancel most of demma rules.{{rp|310}} Southern states dey try make e hard for racial minorities to vote during den after Reconstruction. From 1868 to 1888, dem dey use all kinds of fraud plus violence for South to hold down African-American vote.<ref name="Direct">{{cite web|last1=Anderson|first1=Elizabeth|last2=Jones|first2=Jeffery|date=September 2002|title=Race, Voting Rights, and Segregation: Direct Disenfranchisement|url=http://www.umich.edu/~lawrace/disenfranchise1.htm|access-date=August 3, 2013|work=The Geography of Race in the United States|publisher=University of Michigan}}</ref> From 1888 to 1908, Southern states come legalize am by bringing Jim Crow laws; dem change constitution den pass law wey go limit how people fit vote, like literacy tests, poll taxes, property ownership, moral character checks, plus some rules wey go allow person wey no fit vote cause him grandpapa don vote (wey dey leave many African Americans wey grandfathers be slave or no fit vote).<ref name="Direct2">{{cite web|last1=Anderson|first1=Elizabeth|last2=Jones|first2=Jeffery|date=September 2002|title=Race, Voting Rights, and Segregation: Direct Disenfranchisement|url=http://www.umich.edu/~lawrace/disenfranchise1.htm|access-date=August 3, 2013|work=The Geography of Race in the United States|publisher=University of Michigan}}</ref> During this time, Supreme Court dey mostly back efforts wey dey discriminate against minorities. For Giles v. Harris (1903), dem hold say no matter wetin happen with Fifteenth Amendment, judiciary no fit force states to register racial minorities to vote.<ref name="democracy3">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|100}} [[File:Bloody_Sunday-Alabama_police_attack.jpeg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bloody_Sunday-Alabama_police_attack.jpeg|alt=refer to caption|thumb|Alabama police for 1965 attack voting rights marchers on [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches#%22Bloody_Sunday%22_events|"Bloody Sunday"]], de first of de [[:en:Selma_to_Montgomery_marches|Selma to Montgomery marches]]]] Before dem pass de Voting Rights Act for 1965, many people dey try stop Southern states from denying black voters demma chance to vote.<ref name="DOJvra652">{{cite web|date=July 28, 2017|title=History of Federal Voting Rights Laws: The Voting Rights Act of 1965|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/intro/intro_b.php|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210106161217/https://www.justice.gov/crt/history-federal-voting-rights-laws|archive-date=January 6, 2021|access-date=January 6, 2021|publisher=United States Department of Justice}}</ref> Dem dey use literacy tests, poll taxes, plus other bureaucratic wahala to block dem. African Americans dey face plenty serious issues like harassment, intimidation, economic punishments, and even physical violence wen dem wan register or vote. As a result, no plenty African Americans fit register as voters, so dem no get much political power at all, both for demma areas plus for de whole country.<ref>{{cite web|title=Voting Rights Act (1965)|url=https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=100|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925101516/https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=100|archive-date=September 25, 2020|access-date=March 13, 2021|publisher=Our Documents}}</ref> During de 1950s, de Civil Rights Movement come put pressure on de federal government to help protect de voting rights of minority groups. For 1957, Congress pass de first civil rights law since Reconstruction: de Civil Rights Act of 1957. This law give the attorney general power to sue for people wey their Fifteenth Amendment rights dey denied, create the Civil Rights Division for Department of Justice to enforce civil rights through court case, plus set up de Commission on Civil Rights to check how dem dey deny people demma voting rights. More protections come for de Civil Rights Act of 1960, wey allow federal courts to pick referees wey go handle voter registration for places wey de practice voting discrimination against racial minority groups. Even though dem acts help courts fix federal voting rights wahala, de strict legal standards make am hard for de Department of Justice to carry dem cases well. Like, to win case against any state wey dey use literacy test, dem need prove say de rejected voter-registration forms of racial minorities be like de accepted forms of whites. Dis one mean say dem go compare thousands of applications for each state county, plus e fit take months. De department wan try but dem get wahala from local election officials wey go dey claim say dem lose de voter registration records of racial minorities, remove dem wey don register from de electoral lists, plus just resign so de registration go stop. Plus, de department dey always need to appeal cases plenty times before de judiciary go fit help because many federal district court judges no dey support racial minorities to vote. So, from 1957 to 1964, de rate wey African-American voters register for de South increase small-small even as de department dey fight 71 voting rights cases.<ref name="democracy4">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|514}} Dem try stop Southern states from disfranchising people, but overall, na small success dem get, for some areas e no even work well at all. sekof de Department of Justice no fit stop de discriminatory election style wey dey happen one-by-one; as dem fit prove one unconstitutional, dem go just bring another one wey go start de whole wahala again.<ref name="DOJvra653">{{cite web|date=July 28, 2017|title=History of Federal Voting Rights Laws: The Voting Rights Act of 1965|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/intro/intro_b.php|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210106161217/https://www.justice.gov/crt/history-federal-voting-rights-laws|archive-date=January 6, 2021|access-date=January 6, 2021|publisher=United States Department of Justice}}</ref> Congress no take am easy say discrimination dey happen plenty for racial minorities for public places and government services, so dem pass Civil Rights Act for 1964. De act get some voting rights protection; e say make registrars share literacy tests well well to everybody wey wan vote and dem go accept application wey get small errors, plus e create say if person get sixth-grade education, e fit read well well to vote.<ref name="Bending2">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|97}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Public Law 88-352|url=https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/resources/pdf/CivilRightsActOf1964.pdf|access-date=October 19, 2013|location=Title I}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Major Features of the Civil Rights Act of 1964|url=http://www.congresslink.org/print_basics_histmats_civilrights64text.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141206191323/http://www.congresslink.org/print_basics_histmats_civilrights64text.htm|archive-date=December 6, 2014|access-date=March 26, 2015|work=CongressLink|publisher=Dirksen Congressional Center}}</ref> But still, even as civil rights leaders dey lobby, de Act no fit stop most voting discrimination.<ref name="eyes">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Juan|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesonprizeameri00will|title=Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-009653-8|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|253}} President Lyndon B. Johnson see am, den after 1964 elections wey Democrats carry majorities for both Congress, e tell Attorney General Nicholas Katzenbach make e draft “de goddamndest, toughest voting rights act wey you fit”.<ref name="Bending3">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|48–50}} But Johnson no push am for public side that time; him advisers talk say e go cost am politically if he dey chase voting rights bill too soon after Congress don pass Civil Rights Act for 1964, plus Johnson dey fear say if e dey champion voting rights, e fit spoil hin Great Society reforms by vexing Southern Democrats for Congress.<ref name="Bending4">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|47–48, 50–52}} [[File:Fannie_Lou_Hamer_1964-08-22.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fannie_Lou_Hamer_1964-08-22.jpg|alt=Fannie Lou Hamer is a Black woman wearing a floral dress. She is mid-speaking at a convention. She is seated. The photo is in black and white.|thumb|Fannie Lou Hamer, wey start Freedom Farm Cooperative, dey talk for SNCC on top African-American right to vote.]] After de 1964 elections, civil rights groups like Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) plus Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) dey push make de government protect voting rights for de minorities.<ref name="eyes2">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Juan|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesonprizeameri00will|title=Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-009653-8|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|254–255}} Demma efforts lead to protests for Alabama, especially for Selma, wey Sheriff Jim Clark ein police dey swear for any African-American wey wan register to vote. For de Selma wahala, James Forman from SNCC talk say: 'Our plan, as usual, be to make U.S. government come join if dem go arrest people— plus if dem no come, e go show say government no dey with us plus e go make more people wake up for black matters. Our slogan for this movement be 'One Man, One Vote.'<ref name="eyes3">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Juan|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesonprizeameri00will|title=Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-009653-8|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|255}} For January 1965, Martin Luther King Jr., James Bevel,<ref name="Garrow">{{cite book|last=Kryn|first=Randy|title=We Shall Overcome: The Civil Rights Movement in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s|url=https://archive.org/details/weshallovercomec0002unse|publisher=Carlson Publishing|year=1989|isbn=978-0-926019-02-7|editor1-last=Garrow|editor1-first=David J.|location=Brooklyn, NY|chapter=James L. Bevel: The Strategist of the 1960s Civil Rights Movement}}</ref><ref name="Kryn">{{cite web|last=Kryn|first=Randy|title=Movement Revision Research Summary Regarding James Bevel|url=http://cfm40.middlebury.edu/node/287|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303174523/http://cfm40.middlebury.edu/node/287|archive-date=March 3, 2016|access-date=April 7, 2014|work=Chicago Freedom Movement|publisher=Middlebury College}}</ref> plus some other civil rights leaders gather for plenty peaceful protests for Selma, but police plus white counter-protesters no gree, dem begin beat people waa. For January den February, dis protests dey trend for media, everybody dey talk am for de issue wey concern voting rights. King plus some other protesters wey dey march for February 1, dem arrest dem because dem no follow de anti-parade law; dis one make plenty people join de march and dem too dey get arrest.<ref name="eyes4">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Juan|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesonprizeameri00will|title=Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-009653-8|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|259–261}} On February 4, Malcolm X come give strong speech for Selma, he talk say many African Americans no dey support King’s peaceful style;<ref name="eyes5">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Juan|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesonprizeameri00will|title=Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-009653-8|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|262}} later, he go talk say he wan make whites fear so dem go support King. De next day, King come out from jail plus him letter wey him write about voting rights, “Letter From A Selma Jail,” show for De New York Times.<ref name="eyes6">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Juan|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesonprizeameri00will|title=Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-009653-8|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|262}} As wahala for Selma dey gather national attention, President Johnson change him mind say him go delay voting rights law. On February 6, him go announce say him go send proposal go Congress.<ref name="Bending5">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|69}} Johnson no talk wetin dey insyde de proposal or de time him go show am for Congress.<ref name="eyes7">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Juan|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesonprizeameri00will|title=Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-009653-8|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|264}} For February 18 wey people dey for Marion, Alabama, state troopers yawa break for corner night wey dem dey shout for voting rights, as officer James Bonard Fowler shoot den kill young African-American protester Jimmie Lee Jackson wey no carry anything plus dey protect em mama.<ref name="eyes8">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Juan|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesonprizeameri00will|title=Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-009653-8|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|265}}<ref>{{cite news|last=Fleming|first=John|title=The Death of Jimmie Lee Jackson|url=http://www.annistonstar.com/view/full_story/2746471/article-The-Death-of-Jimmie-Lee-Jackson|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113092652/http://www.annistonstar.com/view/full_story/2746471/article-The-Death-of-Jimmie-Lee-Jackson|archive-date=January 13, 2014|newspaper=The Anniston Star|date=March 6, 2005|access-date=March 16, 2015}}</ref> Dis event ginger us, plus na Bevel start am,<ref name="eyes9">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Juan|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesonprizeameri00will|title=Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-009653-8|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|267}}{{rp|267}}<ref name="Kryn2">{{cite web|last=Kryn|first=Randy|title=Movement Revision Research Summary Regarding James Bevel|url=http://cfm40.middlebury.edu/node/287|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303174523/http://cfm40.middlebury.edu/node/287|archive-date=March 3, 2016|access-date=April 7, 2014|work=Chicago Freedom Movement|publisher=Middlebury College}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Fager|first=Charles|title=Selma, 1965: The March That Changed the South|date=July 1985|publisher=Beacon Press|isbn=978-0-8070-0405-0|edition=2nd|location=Boston, MA}}</ref>{{rp|81–86}} so on March 7, SCLC and SNCC start di first Selma to Montgomery march wey dem plan make dem waka go capital, Montgomery, to show sey voting rights no dey and to go tell Governor George Wallace how dem dey feel. For de first march, police on horse catch dem for Edmund Pettus Bridge wey dey near Selma. Police fire tear gas for crowd plus dem dey trample protesters. De video wey everybody see, dem call am 'Bloody Sunday', make plenty people vex for de country.<ref name="democracy5">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|515}} On March 9, dem do another march wey dem call 'Turnaround Tuesday'. That evening, three white ministers wey join de march, dem attack dem on de street and beat dem with clubs by four Ku Klux Klan members.<ref name="The March to Montgomery">{{Cite web |title=Civil Rights Movement History & Timeline (Selma & the March to Montgomery) |url=https://www.crmvet.org/tim/timhis65.htm |access-date=2025-10-18 |website=www.crmvet.org}}</ref> De worst one wey don suffer na Reverend James Reeb from Boston, wey die on Thursday, March 11.<ref>{{cite web|last=Baumgartner|first=Neil|date=December 2012|title=James Reeb|url=http://www.ferris.edu/htmls/news/jimcrow/witnesses/reeb.htm|access-date=November 16, 2020|work=Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia|publisher=[[Ferris State University]]}}</ref> After wetin happen for Selma, President Johnson talk for TV joint Congress meeting on March 15, him call on lawmakers say make dem pass strong voting rights law. For him speech, him use de words 'we go fit overcome', like de slogan wey civil rights people dey use.<ref name="eyes10">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Juan|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesonprizeameri00will|title=Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-009653-8|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|278}}<ref>{{cite news|last=Wicker|first=Tom|title=Johnson Urges Congress at Joint Session to Pass Law Insuring Negro Vote|url=https://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0315.html|access-date=August 3, 2013|newspaper=The New York Times|date=March 15, 1965}}</ref> Two days later, dem introduce de Voting Rights Act of 1965 for Congress, as civil rights leaders, wey plenty federal soldiers dey protect, lead 25,000 people waka from Selma go Montgomery.<ref name="democracy6">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|516}}<ref name="eyes11">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Juan|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesonprizeameri00will|title=Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-009653-8|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|279, 282}} == Legislative history == Dem try wey dem dey use court matter to stop bad election wahala no dey work well for U.S. Department of Justice, plus de federal anti-discrimination laws no plenty to fight de wahala wey state officials dey give for 15th Amendment enforcement. So de Congress talk say dem need new big federal law to free people from state disfranchisement.<ref name="DOJvra654">{{cite web|date=July 28, 2017|title=History of Federal Voting Rights Laws: The Voting Rights Act of 1965|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/intro/intro_b.php|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210106161217/https://www.justice.gov/crt/history-federal-voting-rights-laws|archive-date=January 6, 2021|access-date=January 6, 2021|publisher=United States Department of Justice}}</ref> De U.S. Supreme Court talk am clear for South Carolina v. Katzenbach (1966) like dis: {{Blockquote|text=Lately, Congress dey try body to tackle voting wahala by allowing case-by-case lawsuit for vote discrimination. The Civil Rights Act wey pass for 1957 gree Attorney General make e dey seek injunctions against anybody wey go interfere with people right to vote on top race matter. Dem perfect am for the Civil Rights Act of 1960 so that States fit join as defendants, make Attorney General fit check local voting records, and courts go fit register voters for areas wey dey face serious discrimination. Title I for the Civil Rights Act of 1964 make dem hear voting cases fast fast for three-judge courts and e ban some tactics wey dem dey use to disqualify Negroes from voting for federal elections. Even though Justice Department and plenty federal judges dey try, all these new laws no really solve the voting discrimination problem. [...] The earlier laws no really work for plenty reasons. Voting cases dey hard to prepare, sometimes e fit take as much as 6,000 man-hours just to go through registration records before trial. Litigation dey slow well well, partly because dem dey allow delay for voting officials and others wey involve for the matter. Even when dem finally get correct decisions, some States just switch to other discriminatory methods wey federal laws no cover, or dem go create hard new tests wey go prolong the wahala wey dey exist between white and Negro registration. Also, some local officials dey just ignore court orders or close their registration offices just to freeze voting rolls. The 1960 law wey gree federal officers do registration no really change local wahala, 'cause e get plenty procedures wey dey complicated.[42]}}{{Blockquote|content=  Congress dey use dem power under Fifteenth Amendment for sharp way when dem pass Voting Rights Act for 1965. First: the law fit solve voting wahala wey no need any court matter before e go start. Dis one clear say na better way to handle the wahala, since we fit see other cases wey dey follow constitutional rules. See Katzenbach v. McClung, 379 U. S. 294, 379 U. S. 302–304; United States v. Darby, 312 U. S. 100, 312 U. S. 120–121. Dem find say when dem dey carry case-by-case go court, e no fit quench the plenty and steady wahala wey dey for voting, because e dey take too much time and energy to fight the block tactics wey always dey show for these cases. After almost hundred years of serious fight against Fifteenth Amendment, Congress fit decide say make dem shift the time and stubbornness advantage from the people wey dey do the bad to the victims. [...] Second: the Act sabi say e no go cover plenty States and political zones, wey most times Congress fit sabi them by name. Dis one too be correct way to tackle the wahala. Congress don learn say plenty discrimination dey happen for some parts of the country, and dem no sabi how the wahala fit spread go other places later. As dem dey do am, Congress decide say make dem focus for the places wey need urgent action. See McGowan v. Maryland, 366 U. S. 420, 366 U. S. 427; Salsburg v. Maryland, 346 U. S. 545, 346 U. S. 550–554. The equality matter wey South Carolina talk no go fit stop dis approach, because dat one dey concern how States join the Union, no be the remedies for local wahala wey don show up later. See Coyle v. Smith, 221 U. S. 559, and cases wey dey cited..[43]}} ===== Original bill ===== ===== Senate ===== [[File:Lyndon_Johnson_and_Martin_Luther_King,_Jr._-_Voting_Rights_Act.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lyndon_Johnson_and_Martin_Luther_King,_Jr._-_Voting_Rights_Act.jpg|alt=refer to caption|thumb|[[:en:President_of_the_United_States|United States President]] [[:en:Lyndon_B._Johnson|Lyndon B. Johnson]], [[:en:Martin_Luther_King_Jr.|Martin Luther King Jr.]], plus [[:en:Rosa_Parks|Rosa Parks]] at de signing of de Voting Rights Act on August 6, 1965]] De Voting Rights Act wey dem introduce for Congress on March 17, 1965, na S. 1564, plus na Mike Mansfield wey be de Senate majority leader (D-MT) plus Senate minority leader Everett Dirksen (R-IL) sponsor am. Dem two dey work with Attorney General Katzenbach to fit draft de bill language.<ref name="congresslink">{{cite web|title=Voting Rights Act of 1965|url=http://www.congresslink.org/print_basics_histmats_votingrights_contents.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141030140112/http://www.congresslink.org/print_basics_histmats_votingrights_contents.htm|archive-date=October 30, 2014|access-date=March 26, 2015|work=The Dirksen Congressional Center|publisher=Congresslink}}</ref> Even though Democrats dey hold two-thirds of de seats for both chambers after de 1964 Senate elections,<ref name="Bending6">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|49}} Johnson dey fear say Southern Democrats go filibuster de law because dem don oppose other civil rights matter. E call Dirksen make e help gather Republican support. Dirksen no plan to support voting rights law dis quick after e don support de Civil Rights Act of 1964, but when e hear about de police wahala for Selma on Bloody Sunday, e talk say e ready to accept dis 'revolutionary' law.<ref name="Bending7">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|95–96}} Sekof Dirksen dey help Katzenbach write de law, dem come dey call am de 'Dirksenbach' bill.<ref name="Bending8">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|96}} After Mansfield plus Dirksen bring de bill, 64 more senators join am as co-sponsors,<ref name="Bending9">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|150}} with 46 Democrats plus 20 Republicans insyde de mix.<ref name="acsc.lib.udel.edu">{{cite web|title=Voting Rights Act|url=http://acsc.lib.udel.edu/exhibits/show/legislation/vra|access-date=May 29, 2016|publisher=The Association of Centers for the Study of Congress}}</ref> De bill get plenty special terms wey dey target some state plus local governments: one "coverage formula" wey go fit check which place go follow de Act other special terms ("covered jurisdictions"); one "preclearance" requirement wey no go allow covered jurisdictions change dem voting procedure without first get approval from de U.S. attorney general or de U.S. District Court for D.C. say de changes no dey discriminatory; plus dem suspend "tests or devices", like literacy tests, for covered jurisdictions. De bill too allow make federal examiners dey register voters, plus federal observers dey monitor elections, for covered jurisdictions wey dem find say dem dey do bad discrimination. De bill set de special provisions to expire after five years.{{rp|319–320}}<ref name="democracy7">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|520, 524}}<ref name="RevisedBailout">{{cite journal |last=Williamson |first=Richard A. |year=1984 |title=The 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act: A Statutory Analysis of the Revised Bailout Provisions |url=http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |url-status=dead |journal=Washington University Law Review |volume=62 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060158/http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |access-date=August 29, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|5–6}} Dis formula wey dem dey use cover some places cause plenty wahala for congress matter. E go fit cover any place if (1) dem dey use “test or device” since November 1, 1964, plus (2) less than 50 percent of people wey fit vote for dia place no register or no vote for November 1964 election.{{rp|317}} Dis formula no reach plenty areas apart from Deep South. To make some lawmakers wey think say de bill dey gree only South people calm down, dem add one rule wey say no be no racial discrimination for voting around everywhere.<ref name="1982hist">{{cite journal |last1=Boyd |first1=Thomas M. |last2=Markman |first2=Stephen J. |year=1983 |title=The 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act: A Legislative History |url=http://scholarlycommons.law.wlu.edu/wlulr/vol40/iss4/3 |journal=Washington and Lee Law Review |volume=40 |issue=4 |access-date=August 31, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|1352}} De bill too get way wey place wey dem cover fit “bail out” if dem fit show for federal court say dem no use any “test or device” wey go discriminate for de last 5 years before dem ask for bail out.<ref name="RevisedBailout2">{{cite journal |last=Williamson |first=Richard A. |year=1984 |title=The 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act: A Statutory Analysis of the Revised Bailout Provisions |url=http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |url-status=dead |journal=Washington University Law Review |volume=62 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060158/http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |access-date=August 29, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|6}} Plus, de bill get “bail in” way wey federal courts fit apply remedy for places wey no dey cover but fit still dey discrimination.<ref name="3c">Voting Rights Act of 1965 § 3(c); (formerly 42 U.S.C. § 1973a(c))</ref><ref name="bail-in">{{cite journal |last=Crum |first=Travis |year=2010 |title=The Voting Rights Act's Secret Weapon: Pocket Trigger Litigation and Dynamic Preclearance |url=http://www.yalelawjournal.org/the-yale-law-journal/note/the-voting-rights-act%27s-secret-weapon:-pocket-trigger-litigation-and-dynamic-preclearance |url-status=dead |journal=The Yale Law Journal |volume=119 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830171847/http://www.yalelawjournal.org/the-yale-law-journal/note/the-voting-rights-act%27s-secret-weapon:-pocket-trigger-litigation-and-dynamic-preclearance/ |archive-date=August 30, 2013 |access-date=August 27, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|2006–2007}} De bill first land for Senate Judiciary Committee, and di chair, Senator James Eastland (D-MS), no gree am with some other Southern senators wey dey insyde de committee. To make sure say de bill no go die for committee, Mansfield come suggest motion wey go make de Judiciary Committee report de bill come outsyde by April 9, plus de Senate waka pass am strong with vote of 67 to 13.<ref name="Bending11">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|150}}<ref name="acsc.lib.udel.edu2">{{cite web|title=Voting Rights Act|url=http://acsc.lib.udel.edu/exhibits/show/legislation/vra|access-date=May 29, 2016|publisher=The Association of Centers for the Study of Congress}}</ref> As de committee dey check de bill, Senator Ted Kennedy (D-MA) dey lead effort to change de bill to stop poll taxes. Even though de Twenty-fourth Amendment wey ban poll taxes for federal elections don ratify one year before, Johnson administration plus de sponsors of de bill no add any provision wey go stop poll taxes for state elections sekof dem dey fear say courts go fit cancel de legislation as unconstitutional.<ref name="democracy10">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|521}}<ref name="eyes12">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Juan|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesonprizeameri00will|title=Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-009653-8|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref> Plus, by excluding poll taxes from de definition of “tests or devices”, de coverage formula no touch Texas or Arkansas, wey reduce opposition from dem two states strong congressional teams.<ref name="democracy8">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|521}} But, with support from some liberal committee members, Kennedy's way to stop poll taxes gree by 9-4 vote. As response, Dirksen come with another amendment wey say if state get at least 60 percent of people wey fit vote registered or if dem get voter turnout wey pass national average from last presidential election, dem go free. This amendment wey no go cover all states except Mississippi pass during meeting wey three liberal members no dey. Dirksen say him go remove de amendment if dem go take away de poll tax ban. For de end, dem report de bill outsyde committee on April 9 by 12-4 vote without any recommendation.<ref name="Bending10">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|152–153}} For April 22, full Senate don start dey talk about de bill. Dirksen naim talk first for de bill side, e talk say “we need law if we wan make sure say de Fifteenth Amendment ... go work well well, plus if we wan make Declaration of Independence really mean something.”<ref name="Bending12">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|154}} Senator Strom Thurmond (R-SC) reply say de bill go cause “despotism and tyranny”, plus Senator Sam Ervin (D-NC) argue say de bill no dey constitutional as e go take state dem right under Article I, Section 2 of de Constitution to set voter qualifications, plus de bill dey target only some pipo. For May 6, Ervin drop amendment wey go remove de coverage formula's automatic trigger plus make federal judges fit appoint federal examiners to handle voter registration. Dis amendment no go well, 42 Democrats plus 22 Republicans vote against am.<ref name="Bending13">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|154–156}} After long talk, Ted Kennedy's amendment wey wan stop poll taxes sef no work, e end 49–45 for May 11.<ref name="acsc.lib.udel.edu3">{{cite web|title=Voting Rights Act|url=http://acsc.lib.udel.edu/exhibits/show/legislation/vra|access-date=May 29, 2016|publisher=The Association of Centers for the Study of Congress}}</ref> But e be so say, de Senate talk say dem go include provision wey go allow attorney general fit sue any place, whether dem dey covered or not, to contest dem use of poll taxes.<ref name="eyes13">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Juan|url=https://archive.org/details/eyesonprizeameri00will|title=Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2002|isbn=978-0-14-009653-8|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|156–157}}<ref name="RevisedBailout3">{{cite journal |last=Williamson |first=Richard A. |year=1984 |title=The 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act: A Statutory Analysis of the Revised Bailout Provisions |url=http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |url-status=dead |journal=Washington University Law Review |volume=62 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060158/http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |access-date=August 29, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|2}} Senator Robert F. Kennedy (D-NY) bring amendment wey go make English-illiterate citizens wey don finish at least sixth grade for non-English school fit vote, plus e pass 48–19. Southern lawmakers come try bring plenty amendments to make di law weak, but all of dem fall flat, dem all no work.<ref name="Bending14">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|159}} For May 25, Senate don vote for cloture,by 70–30 vote, so dey fit avoid filibuster wahala plus limit wetin dem go talk about de bill.<ref>{{cite web|title=Senate Vote #67 in 1965: To Invoke Cloture and End Debate on S. 1564, the Voting Rights Act of 1965|url=http://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/89-1965/s67|access-date=October 14, 2013|work=govtrack.us|publisher=Civic Impulse, LLC}}</ref> On May 26, dem pass de bill by 77–19 vote (Democrats 47–16, Republicans 30–2); na only senators wey dey represent Southern states oppose am, dem vote against am.<ref name="Bending15">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|161}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Senate Vote #78 in 1965: To Pass S. 1564, the Voting Rights Act of 1965|url=http://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/89-1965/s78|access-date=October 14, 2013|work=govtrack.us|publisher=Civic Impulse, LLC}}</ref> ===== House of Representatives ===== Emanuel Celler (D-NY), wey be Chair of the House Judiciary Committee, bring de Voting Rights Act come House of Representatives on March 19, 1965, as H.R. 6400.<ref name="acsc.lib.udel.edu4">{{cite web|title=Voting Rights Act|url=http://acsc.lib.udel.edu/exhibits/show/legislation/vra|access-date=May 29, 2016|publisher=The Association of Centers for the Study of Congress}}</ref> Dis Judiciary Committee na de first one wey check de bill. De ranking Republican for de committee, William McCulloch (R-OH), generally gree make people get better voting rights, but he no support de ban wey dey stop poll tax and de coverage formula, so he lead de fight against de bill for committee. Dem finally gree de bill on May 12, but dem no submit de report until June 1.<ref name="Bending16">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|162}} De bill get two amendments from subcommittee: one wey go punish person wey go disturb de right to vote plus another wey go ban all poll taxes. De ban on poll tax get support from de Speaker of de House John McCormack. De bill come next go Rules Committee, wey de chair, Howard W. Smith (D-VA), no gree accept de bill plus hold am down till June 24, wen Celler start de process to push de bill out from committee.<ref name="acsc.lib.udel.edu5">{{cite web|title=Voting Rights Act|url=http://acsc.lib.udel.edu/exhibits/show/legislation/vra|access-date=May 29, 2016|publisher=The Association of Centers for the Study of Congress}}</ref> Under pressure from de people wey want de bill, Smith finally allow de bill come out one week later, plus de full House begin debate de bill on July 6.<ref name="Bending17">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|163}} To tackle de Voting Rights Act, McCulloch bring one bill wey dem dey call H.R. 7896. Dis bill go allow attorney general fit appoint federal registrars after dem receive 25 serious complaints say dem dey discriminate for one area, plus e go put nationwide ban on literacy tests for people wey fit show say dem don reach sixth-grade education. McCulloch bill get support from House minority leader Gerald Ford plus Southern Democrats join am as option for de Voting Rights Act.<ref name="Bending18">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|162–164}} Johnson administration see H.R. 7896 as serious wahala for the Voting Rights Act to pass. But support for H.R. 7896 begin decline as William M. Tuck come talk say e prefer H.R. 7896 because de Voting Rights Act go make sure say African Americans fit vote. Dis talk make plenty supporters of H.R. 7896 vex, plus de bill con fail for House with 171–248 vote on July 9.<ref>{{cite web|title=House Vote #86 in 1965: To Recommit H.R. 6400, the 1965 Voting Rights Act, with Instructions to Substitute the Text of H.R. 7896 Prohibiting the Denial to Any Person of the Right to Register or to Vote Because of his Failure to Pay a Poll Tax or Any Other Such Tax, for the Language of the Committee Amendment|url=http://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/89-1965/h86|access-date=October 14, 2013|work=govtrack.us|publisher=Civic Impulse, LLC}}</ref> Later that night, de House come pass de Voting Rights Act with 333–85 vote (Democrats 221–61, Republicans 112–24).<ref name="Bending19">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|163–165}}<ref name="acsc.lib.udel.edu6">{{cite web|title=Voting Rights Act|url=http://acsc.lib.udel.edu/exhibits/show/legislation/vra|access-date=May 29, 2016|publisher=The Association of Centers for the Study of Congress}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=House Vote #87 in 1965: To Pass H.R. 6400, the Voting Rights Act of 1965|url=http://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/89-1965/h87|access-date=October 14, 2013|work=govtrack.us|publisher=Civic Impulse, LLC}}</ref> ===== Conference committee ===== Chambers don set up conference committee make dem settle wahala wey dey between House and Senate version of di bill. Big matter na di poll tax wey dey cause palava; Senate version gree make attorney general fit sue states wey dey use poll tax to discriminate, but House version just ban all poll tax straight up. At first, di committee members no fit gree. To fit broker compromise, Attorney General Katzenbach come draft law wey talk say poll tax no be constitution matter and make Department of Justice sue di states wey still dey collect poll tax. To calm di worries of liberal committee members wey dey feel say dis matter no dey strong enough, Katzenbach come call Martin Luther King Jr. for support wey make dem agree. King's backing fit break di stalemate, plus on July 29, di conference committee come report dem own version from committee.<ref name="Bending20">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|166–167}} De House don approve dis version of de conference report for de bill on August 3 with 328–74 vote (Democrats 217–54, Republicans 111–20),<ref>{{cite web|title=House Vote #107 in 1965: To Agree to Conference Report on S. 1564, the Voting Rights Act|url=http://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/89-1965/h107|access-date=October 14, 2013|work=govtrack.us|publisher=Civic Impulse, LLC}}</ref> plus de Senate follow am on August 4 with 79–18 vote (Democrats 49–17, Republicans 30–1).<ref name="Bending21">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|167}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Senate Vote #178 in 1965: To Agree to Conference Report on S. 1564, the Voting Rights Act of 1965|url=http://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/89-1965/s178|access-date=October 14, 2013|work=govtrack.us|publisher=Civic Impulse, LLC}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Moholtra|first=Ajay|date=June 1, 2008|title=Rosa Parks Early Life & Childhood|url=http://www.rosaparksfacts.com/rosa-parks-early-life-childhood/|access-date=April 1, 2015|publisher=Rosa Park Facts.com}}</ref> On August 6, President Johnson sign de Act into law, with King, Rosa Parks, John Lewis, plus other civil rights leaders wey dey for de signing ceremony.<ref name="Bending22">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|168}} ===== Amendments ===== {{main|Amendments to the Voting Rights Act of 1965}} [[File:Bush_Signs_Voting_Rights_Act_of_2006.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bush_Signs_Voting_Rights_Act_of_2006.jpg|alt=refer to caption|thumb|[[:en:President_of_the_United_States|United States President]] [[:en:George_W._Bush|George W. Bush]] signs amendments to de Act for July 2006]] Congress dey pass big amendments for de Act for 1970, 1975, 1982, 1992, plus 2006. Each time dem amend, e be sekof de special provisions for de Act go finish soon. De Act suppose finish for 1970, but Congress dey renew de special provisions sekof of de wahala wey still dey for voting discrimination.<ref name="Bending23">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|209–210}}<ref name="RevisedBailout4">{{cite journal |last=Williamson |first=Richard A. |year=1984 |title=The 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act: A Statutory Analysis of the Revised Bailout Provisions |url=http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |url-status=dead |journal=Washington University Law Review |volume=62 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060158/http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |access-date=August 29, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|6–8}} Congress add de coverage formula plus de special provisions wey dey follow am, like Section 5 wey need preclearance, for five years for 1970, seven years for 1975, plus 25 years for both 1982 plus 2006. For 1970 plus 1975, dem plus dat, dem even extend de coverage formula by adding new trigger dates for 1968 plus 1972.For 1975, coverage dey enlarge again wen Congress change wetin 'tests or devices' mean. E fit cover any area wey dey give English-only election info, like ballots, if dem get one language minority wey dey more than five percent of voting-age people for dat area. Dis expansion bring plenty areas join coverage, even many no dey for South. To make am pa, de special provisions wey dem don reauthorize, Congress come liberalize de bailout matter for 1982, allow jurisdictions wey fit waka comot coverage once dem follow de Act plus do something wey go help increase minority political participation.<ref name="democracy9">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|523}} On top de original special rules dem dey reauthorize, Congress also chop plenty new provisions join de Act. For example, dem expand de ban wey dey on 'tests or devices' to cover everywhere for 1970, plus by 1975, de ban don become permanent sha.<ref name="RevisedBailout5">{{cite journal |last=Williamson |first=Richard A. |year=1984 |title=The 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act: A Statutory Analysis of the Revised Bailout Provisions |url=http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |url-status=dead |journal=Washington University Law Review |volume=62 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060158/http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |access-date=August 29, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|6–9}} Also, for 1975, Congress widen de Act make e fit protect language minorities from voting wahala. Dem define 'language minority' as people wey be American Indian, Asian American, Alaskan Natives or people wey get Spanish background.<ref name="VRA-14(c)(3)2">Voting Rights Act of 1965 § 14(c)(3); (formerly 42 U.S.C. § 1973l(c)(3))</ref> Congress come add some new provisions, like de preclearance requirement plus Section 2 wey dey stop discriminatory voting laws, to make sure language minorities no go face discrimination.<ref name="enfranchise">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2006 |title=Enfranchising Language Minority Citizens: The Bilingual Election Provisions of the Voting Rights Act |url=http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=New York University Journal of Legislation and Public Policy |volume=10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020111915/http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |archive-date=October 20, 2013 |access-date=January 3, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|199}} Congress come put bilingual election matter for Section 203 wey make election officials for some areas wey get plenty people wey no sabi English, must provide ballot and voting info for their language. E been wan expire after 10 years, but Congress come reauthorize Section 203 for 1982 for seven years, then e later expand plus reauthorize am for 1992 for 15 years, plus for 2006, dem reauthorize am again for 25 years.{{rp|19–21, 25, 49}} Bilingual election requirement dey cause serious wahala. Some people wey support am talk say, dem need am make new citizens fit vote well, but others dey argue say, e go cost plenty money wey no go fit cover.{{rp|26}} Some of de changes wey dem make, na because of court verdicts wey Congress no gree. For 1982, Congress change de law to overturn De Supreme Court case Mobile v. Bolden (1980), wey talk say Section 2 fit only stop discrimination wey dem plan well. Congress come expand Section 2 give am clear say any voting wahala wey go cause discrimination dey banned, no matter whether na intentional or not. Dis 'results test' wey dem create, shift plenty vote dilution cases from preclearance wahala to Section 2 cases.<ref name="democracy11">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|644–645}} For 2006, Congress change de law again to overturn two Supreme Court cases: Reno v. Bossier Parish School Board (2000),<ref name="Reno">''Reno v. Bossier Parish School Board'', {{ussc|528|320|2000}}</ref> wey talk say Section 5 preclearance fit block only voting changes wey dem do for 'retrogressive' purpose instead of any wahala, PLUS Georgia v. Ashcroft (2003),<ref name="Ash">''Georgia v. Ashcroft'', {{ussc|539|461|2003}}</ref> wey set broader test to check if redistricting plan dey cause wahala under Section 5, limit no be only if minority fit choose demma candidates.<ref name="Promise">{{cite journal |last=Persily |first=Nathaniel |year=2007 |title=The Promise and Pitfalls of the New Voting Rights Act |url=http://yalelawjournal.org/the-yale-law-journal/article/the-promise-and-pitfalls-of-the-new-voting-rights-act/ |url-status=dead |journal=Yale Law Journal |volume=117 |issue=2 |pages=174–254 |doi=10.2307/20455790 |jstor=20455790 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926061938/http://yalelawjournal.org/the-yale-law-journal/article/the-promise-and-pitfalls-of-the-new-voting-rights-act/ |archive-date=September 26, 2013 |access-date=September 21, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|207–208}} Since Supreme Court don quash the coverage formula wey no dey jom for Shelby County v. Holder (2013), plenty bills don show for Congress make dem fit create new coverage formula and change some other things; but none of dem bills don pass.<ref>{{cite web|title=Moving Forward on the VRAA|url=http://www.naacpldf.org/case-issue/voting-rights-amendment-act-2014|access-date=April 19, 2014|publisher=NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=H.R. 885: Voting Rights Amendment Act of 2015|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/114/hr885#|access-date=December 27, 2015|publisher=govtrack.us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Reps. Sensenbrenner and Conyers Reintroduce Bipartisan Voting Rights Amendment Act of 2017|url=https://sensenbrenner.house.gov/2017/7/reps-sensenbrenner-and-conyers-reintroduce-bipartisan-voting-rights-amendment-act-of-2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115021441/https://sensenbrenner.house.gov/2017/7/reps-sensenbrenner-and-conyers-reintroduce-bipartisan-voting-rights-amendment-act-of-2017|archive-date=November 15, 2019|access-date=November 15, 2019|website=Congressman Jim Sensenbrenner|language=en}}</ref> ==Provisions== [[File:Voting Rights Act - first page (hi-res).jpg|thumb|alt=refer to caption|The first page of the Voting Rights Act of 1965]] De act get two types of provisions: "general provisions", wey dey apply for de whole country, den "special provisions", wey dey apply to only certain states den local governments.<ref name="GAO78">{{cite journal|first1=Elmer B.|last1=Staats|title=Voting Rights Act: Enforcement Needs Strengthening|issue=GGD-78-19|url=http://www.gao.gov/products/GGD-78-19|journal=Report of the Comptroller General of the United States|access-date=October 27, 2013|date=February 6, 1978}}</ref>{{rp|1}} "De Voting Rights Act be aimed for de subtle, as well as de obvious, state regulations wey get de effect of denying citizens dema right to vote because of dema race. Moreover, compatible plus de decisions of dis Court, de Act dey give broad interpretation to de right to vote, recognizing say voting dey include "all action necessary to make a vote effective." 79 Stat. 445, 42 U.S.C. § 19731(c)(1) (1969 ed., Supp. I). See ''Reynolds v. Sims'', 377 U. S. 533, 377 U. S. 555 (1964)."<ref>{{cite web |title=Allen v. State Bd. of Elections, 393 U.S. 544 (1969), at 565-566 |url=https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/393/544/ |publisher=Justia US Supreme Court Center |access-date=December 26, 2021 |date=March 3, 1969}}</ref> Most provisions dem design to protect de voting rights of racial den language minorities. De term "language minority" mean "persons wey be American Indian, Asian American, Alaskan Natives or of Spanish heritage."<ref name="VRA-14(c)(3)" /> De act ein provisions dem color by numerous judicial interpretations den congressional amendments. ===== ''Early enforcement hurdles'' ===== Even tho e don pass, VRA still dey face three big wahala: # Literacy test wahala: Plenty counties don swap banned tests with 'good moral character' talk (like Alabama wey in 1966 dem require say voter wey want register go fit recite Constitution well well). Supreme Court come strike dem down for United States v. Louisiana (1966), but e still dey slow—by 1967, DOJ don file 71 lawsuits make people fit register. # Economic wahala: Planters like Mississippi’s Theodore Bilbo Jr. dey threaten to push sharecroppers wey go register; e cause dem to bring de 1966 'Voter Registration Protection Act' (42 U.S.C. § 1971(e)) wey fit allow federal law suit against private people. # Jurisdictional wahala: South Carolina v. Katzenbach (1966) gree say VRA dey valid, but local officials dey use Section 4 'bail-in' process start some delay—Mississippi Hinds County take 18 months before dem follow federal court order.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-08-06|title=Civil Rights Division {{!}} Statutes Enforced By The Voting Section|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/statutes-enforced-voting-section|access-date=2025-06-21|website=www.justice.gov|language=en}}</ref> ===== General provisions ===== ===== General prohibition of discriminatory voting laws ===== Section 2 no gree any place make dem fit do any kind of voting wahala wey go make person no fit vote because of him race, color, or language wey e dey belong to.{{rp|37}}<ref name="VRA-2">Voting Rights Act of 1965 § 2; (formerly 42 U.S.C. § 1973)</ref> This Section 2 get two ways wey e dey protect people from voter discrimination for laws wey don already start, unlike Section 5 wey no dey like that.<ref name="20200918VoxcomMillhiser">{{cite news|last1=Millhiser|first1=Ian|title=Chief Justice Roberts's lifelong crusade against voting rights, explained|url=https://www.vox.com/21211880/supreme-court-chief-justice-john-roberts-voting-rights-act-election-2020|access-date=January 3, 2021|work=Vox.com|date=September 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201219232608/https://www.vox.com/21211880/supreme-court-chief-justice-john-roberts-voting-rights-act-election-2020|archive-date=December 19, 2020}}</ref><ref name="20201002VoxcomMillhiser">{{cite news|last1=Millhiser|first1=Ian|title=The Supreme Court will hear a case that could destroy what remains of the Voting Rights Act|url=https://www.vox.com/2020/10/2/21498587/supreme-court-voting-rights-act-amy-coney-barrett|access-date=January 3, 2021|work=Vox.com|date=October 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216220650/https://www.vox.com/2020/10/2/21498587/supreme-court-voting-rights-act-amy-coney-barrett|archive-date=December 16, 2020}}</ref> First, e no allow anybody to discriminate people based on race or color wen dem dey vote. Second, e no make election practices wey go fit deny person right to vote based on race or color.<ref name="20200918VoxcomMillhiser2">{{cite news|last1=Millhiser|first1=Ian|title=Chief Justice Roberts's lifelong crusade against voting rights, explained|url=https://www.vox.com/21211880/supreme-court-chief-justice-john-roberts-voting-rights-act-election-2020|access-date=January 3, 2021|work=Vox.com|date=September 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201219232608/https://www.vox.com/21211880/supreme-court-chief-justice-john-roberts-voting-rights-act-election-2020|archive-date=December 19, 2020}}</ref><ref name="20201002VoxcomMillhiser2">{{cite news|last1=Millhiser|first1=Ian|title=The Supreme Court will hear a case that could destroy what remains of the Voting Rights Act|url=https://www.vox.com/2020/10/2/21498587/supreme-court-voting-rights-act-amy-coney-barrett|access-date=January 3, 2021|work=Vox.com|date=October 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216220650/https://www.vox.com/2020/10/2/21498587/supreme-court-voting-rights-act-amy-coney-barrett|archive-date=December 16, 2020}}</ref><ref name="20201008NCSLSonoren">{{cite web|last1=Soronen|first1=Lisa|date=October 8, 2020|title=Supreme Court to Decide Significant Voting Case|url=https://www.ncsl.org/blog/2020/10/08/supreme-court-to-decide-significant-voting-case.aspx|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210103044435/https://www.ncsl.org/blog/2020/10/08/supreme-court-to-decide-significant-voting-case.aspx|archive-date=January 3, 2021|access-date=January 3, 2021|website=ncsl.org|publisher=The National Conference of State Legislatures}}</ref><ref name="20210701VoxcomMillhiser">{{cite news|last1=Millhiser|first1=Ian|title=The Supreme Court leaves the Voting Rights Act alive — but only barely|url=https://www.vox.com/2021/7/1/22559046/supreme-court-voting-rights-act-brnovich-dnc-samuel-alito-elena-kagan-democracy|access-date=July 2, 2023|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox.com]]|publisher=[[Vox (website)|Vox.com]]|date=July 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230625214832/https://www.vox.com/2021/7/1/22559046/supreme-court-voting-rights-act-brnovich-dnc-samuel-alito-elena-kagan-democracy|archive-date=June 25, 2023}}</ref> If dem violate dis second protection on purpose, e go still be violation of de Fifteenth Amendment.<ref name="20201008NCSLSonoren2">{{cite web|last1=Soronen|first1=Lisa|date=October 8, 2020|title=Supreme Court to Decide Significant Voting Case|url=https://www.ncsl.org/blog/2020/10/08/supreme-court-to-decide-significant-voting-case.aspx|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210103044435/https://www.ncsl.org/blog/2020/10/08/supreme-court-to-decide-significant-voting-case.aspx|archive-date=January 3, 2021|access-date=January 3, 2021|website=ncsl.org|publisher=The National Conference of State Legislatures}}</ref> Supreme Court don gree say private people fit sue to make this rules work.<ref name="PrivateRight">{{cite journal |last=Tokaji |first=Daniel P. |year=2010 |title=Public Rights and Private Rights of Action: The Enforcement of Federal Election Laws |url=http://mckinneylaw.iu.edu/ilr/pdf/vol44p113.pdf |journal=Indiana Law Review |volume=44 |pages=113–160 |doi=10.18060/4081 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200312032939/https://mckinneylaw.iu.edu/ilr/pdf/vol44p113.pdf |archive-date=March 12, 2020 |access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|138}}<ref>''Allen v. State Bd. of Elections'', {{ussc|393|544|1969}}</ref> For Mobile v. Bolden (1980), Supreme Court talk say wen dem first make am for 1965, Section 2 just dey repeat Fifteenth Amendment, so e only dey ban those voting laws wey dem create or keep for discrimination reason.<ref name="Mobile">''Mobile v. Bolden'', {{ussc|446|55|1980}}</ref>{{rp|60–61}}<ref name="20200918VoxcomMillhiser3">{{cite news|last1=Millhiser|first1=Ian|title=Chief Justice Roberts's lifelong crusade against voting rights, explained|url=https://www.vox.com/21211880/supreme-court-chief-justice-john-roberts-voting-rights-act-election-2020|access-date=January 3, 2021|work=Vox.com|date=September 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201219232608/https://www.vox.com/21211880/supreme-court-chief-justice-john-roberts-voting-rights-act-election-2020|archive-date=December 19, 2020}}</ref><ref name="DOJvra655">{{cite web|date=July 28, 2017|title=History of Federal Voting Rights Laws: The Voting Rights Act of 1965|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/intro/intro_b.php|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210106161217/https://www.justice.gov/crt/history-federal-voting-rights-laws|archive-date=January 6, 2021|access-date=January 6, 2021|publisher=United States Department of Justice}}</ref><ref name="20210301MotherJonesBerman">{{cite news|last1=Berman|first1=Ari|title=Voting Rights: Republicans Are Trying to Kill What's Left of the Voting Rights Act|url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2021/03/republicans-are-trying-to-kill-whats-left-of-the-voting-rights-act/|access-date=March 6, 2021|publisher=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]]|date=March 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303015305/https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2021/03/republicans-are-trying-to-kill-whats-left-of-the-voting-rights-act/|archive-date=March 3, 2021}}</ref> For 1982, Congress change Section 2 make e get "results" test,<ref>{{cite web|last1=Denniston|first1=Lyle|date=August 13, 2015|title=Constitution Check: Is another key part of the Voting Rights Act in trouble?|url=https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/constitution-check-is-another-key-part-of-the-voting-rights-act-in-trouble|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200508195814/https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/constitution-check-is-another-key-part-of-the-voting-rights-act-in-trouble|archive-date=May 8, 2020|access-date=January 11, 2021|publisher=[[National Constitution Center]]}}</ref> wey dey stop any voting law wey go fit cause discrimination effect, no matter whether dem purposely make am or maintain am for dat reason.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Mcdonald |first=Laughlin |year=1985 |title=The Attack on Voting Rights |url=http://beck.library.emory.edu/southernchanges/article.php?id=sc07-5_002 |url-status=dead |journal=Southern Changes |volume=7 |issue=5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161014223427/http://beck.library.emory.edu/southernchanges/article.php?id=sc07-5_002 |archive-date=October 14, 2016 |access-date=February 26, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=May 2006|title=Voting Rights Enforcement and Reauthorization: The Department of Justice's Record of Enforcing the Temporary Voting Rights Act Provisions|url=http://www.usccr.gov/pubs/051006VRAStatReport.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709180810/https://www.usccr.gov/pubs/051006VRAStatReport.pdf|archive-date=July 9, 2017|access-date=August 26, 2018|work=U.S. Commission on Civil Rights}}</ref>{{rp|3}}<ref name="20200918VoxcomMillhiser4">{{cite news|last1=Millhiser|first1=Ian|title=Chief Justice Roberts's lifelong crusade against voting rights, explained|url=https://www.vox.com/21211880/supreme-court-chief-justice-john-roberts-voting-rights-act-election-2020|access-date=January 3, 2021|work=Vox.com|date=September 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201219232608/https://www.vox.com/21211880/supreme-court-chief-justice-john-roberts-voting-rights-act-election-2020|archive-date=December 19, 2020}}</ref><ref name="DOJvra656">{{cite web|date=July 28, 2017|title=History of Federal Voting Rights Laws: The Voting Rights Act of 1965|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/intro/intro_b.php|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210106161217/https://www.justice.gov/crt/history-federal-voting-rights-laws|archive-date=January 6, 2021|access-date=January 6, 2021|publisher=United States Department of Justice}}</ref><ref name="20210301MotherJonesBerman2">{{cite news|last1=Berman|first1=Ari|title=Voting Rights: Republicans Are Trying to Kill What's Left of the Voting Rights Act|url=https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2021/03/republicans-are-trying-to-kill-whats-left-of-the-voting-rights-act/|access-date=March 6, 2021|publisher=[[Mother Jones (magazine)|Mother Jones]]|date=March 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303015305/https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2021/03/republicans-are-trying-to-kill-whats-left-of-the-voting-rights-act/|archive-date=March 3, 2021}}</ref> De 1982 change talk say de results test no go fit guarantee protected minorities dem get di right to proportional representation.<ref name="WayOut">{{cite journal |last=Mulroy |first=Steven J. |year=1998 |title=The Way Out: A Legal Standard for Imposing Alternative Electoral Systems as Voting Rights Remedies |journal=Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review |volume=33 |ssrn=1907880}}</ref> For de case Thornburg v. Gingles (1986), de United States Supreme Court talk say di 1982 change for section 2 mean say de main gist of Section 2 claim be say some electoral law, practice, or structure dey interact with social plus historical wahala wey dey cause inequality for de chances wey black and white voters dey get to choose de reps wey dem like.<ref name="20200911DOJSection2VAR1965">{{cite web|date=September 11, 2020|title=Section 2 Of The Voting Rights Act|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/section-2-voting-rights-act|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209070954/https://www.justice.gov/crt/section-2-voting-rights-act|archive-date=December 9, 2020|access-date=January 3, 2021|publisher=The United States Department of Justice}}</ref> De United States Department of Justice talk say section 2 no be just one permanent plus nationwide rule wey fit stop discrimination for voting based on any voting standard, practice, or procedure wey go make any citizen lose im right to vote sekof of race, color, or if dem dey belong to language minority group, but e still dey stop state plus local officials from adopting or maintaining voting laws wey go dey discriminate intentionally based on race, color, or language minority group.<ref name="20200911DOJSection2VAR1965" /> De United States Supreme Court talk say dem get mind for Section 2 and wetin change for 1982 for Chisom v. Roemer (1991).<ref>{{cite web|author1=United States Department of Justice|date=December 7, 2020|title=2020-12-07 Brief amicus curiae of United States in ''Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee'' (United States Supreme Court case Number 19-1257) and ''Arizona Republican Party v. Democratic National Committee'' (United States Supreme Court case number 19-1258), at pages 2–3.|url=https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-1257/162895/20201207160121126_19-1257tsacUnitedStates.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208185310/https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-1257/162895/20201207160121126_19-1257tsacUnitedStates.pdf|archive-date=December 8, 2020|access-date=January 11, 2021|publisher=United States Supreme Court}}</ref> Dem show say now, you no need prove say you get bad mind to show say dem break § 2. Plaintiffs fit win under § 2 if dem fit show say election wey dem dey contest don cause dem to lose de right to vote sekof of color or race. Congress no just put de results test insyde de part wey use to be full § 2, dem also call dat part subsection (a) plus add new subsection (b) wey talk say to use results test, you gatz look all de circumstances. Section 2(a) dey use results test, so you no need to prove say dem get bad intent to show say dem break de section. Section 2(b) gree guidance on how to apply de results test.<ref>{{cite web|title=Chisom v. Roemer, 501 U.S. 380 (1991), at 394–395.|url=https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/501/380/|access-date=January 11, 2021|publisher=Justia US Supreme Court Center}}</ref> Dem create framework to check if jurisdiction's election law dey violate de general rule from Section 2 wey don change.<ref>{{cite web|author1=United States Department of Justice|date=December 7, 2020|title=2020-12-07 Brief amicus curiae of United States in ''Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee'' (United States Supreme Court case Number 19-1257) and ''Arizona Republican Party v. Democratic National Committee'' (United States Supreme Court case number 19-1258), at pages 2–3 and 11.|url=https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-1257/162895/20201207160121126_19-1257tsacUnitedStates.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208185310/https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-1257/162895/20201207160121126_19-1257tsacUnitedStates.pdf|archive-date=December 8, 2020|access-date=January 11, 2021|publisher=United States Supreme Court}}</ref> Section 2 dey stop voting wahala wey fit make some people no fit vote sekof of demma race, color, or if dem belong to language-minority group. E talk say if political processes no dey open for everybody, den dem don deny dem right to vote. Base on [https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=(title:52%20section:10301%20edition:prelim) 52 U.S.C. 10301],[...] if we check subsection (b), e go show say if dem break the rule for subsection (a), we go fit see say as e be, political processes wey lead to nomination or election no dey open for all citizens wey dey protected under subsection (a). This means members of dis group get less chance to take part for de political process plus to choose den select demma own representatives.<ref>{{cite web|author1=United States Department of Justice|date=December 7, 2020|title=2020-12-07 Brief amicus curiae of United States in ''Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee'' (United States Supreme Court case Number 19-1257) and ''Arizona Republican Party v. Democratic National Committee'' (United States Supreme Court case number 19-1258), at pages 11 and 3.|url=https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-1257/162895/20201207160121126_19-1257tsacUnitedStates.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208185310/https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-1257/162895/20201207160121126_19-1257tsacUnitedStates.pdf|archive-date=December 8, 2020|access-date=January 11, 2021|publisher=United States Supreme Court}}</ref><ref name="20210110SCOTUSblogBrnovich">{{cite web|title=Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee|url=https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/brnovich-v-democratic-national-committee/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110160222/https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/brnovich-v-democratic-national-committee/|archive-date=January 10, 2021|access-date=January 10, 2021|publisher=[[SCOTUSblog]]}}</ref> Arizona Attorney General office talk say dem wan check the law wey fit show if election law for jurisdiction dey violate Section 2 wey dem don change and why dem adopt Section 2 for de new form: If you wan show say dem violate Section 2 wey dem amend, you go need prove say, based on wetin dey happen, de State’s “political processes” no dey open for everybody wey suppose fit join, especially de protected class. Dem members get less chance pass others wey fit vote to choose di representatives wey dem like. Na dis tin wey amended Section 2 dey try stop: “less chance pass others wey fit vote,” wen you check de State’s “political processes” as one whole. Dem change de language make e fit avoid need for direct proof of bad intention wey no dey easy to get, but dem no wan use any how “disparate impact” test wey fit spoil normal voting method. S. REP. NO. 97–417, at 28–29, 31–32, 99 (1982)<ref>{{cite web|author=Mark Brnovich|author2=Oramel H. Skinner|author3=Rusty D. Crandell|display-authors=etal|date=April 27, 2020|title=2020-04-27 Petition for a Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in ''Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee'', at page 5.|url=https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-1257/142431/20200427105601341_Brnovich%20Petition.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129084133/https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/19/19-1257/142431/20200427105601341_Brnovich%20Petition.pdf|archive-date=November 29, 2020|access-date=January 10, 2021|work=Office of the Arizona Attorney General|publisher=United States Supreme Court}}</ref><ref name="20210110SCOTUSblogBrnovich2">{{cite web|title=Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee|url=https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/brnovich-v-democratic-national-committee/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110160222/https://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/brnovich-v-democratic-national-committee/|archive-date=January 10, 2021|access-date=January 10, 2021|publisher=[[SCOTUSblog]]}}</ref> For Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee (2021), de United States Supreme Court come drop some wajam for how to check Section 2 wahala.<ref name="npr decision2">{{cite web|last=Totenberg|first=Nina|date=July 1, 2021|title=The Supreme Court Deals A New Blow To Voting Rights, Upholding Arizona Restrictions|url=https://www.npr.org/2021/07/01/998758022/the-supreme-court-upheld-upholds-arizona-measures-that-restrict-voting|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210707042252/https://www.npr.org/2021/07/01/998758022/the-supreme-court-upheld-upholds-arizona-measures-that-restrict-voting?t=1625631699560|archive-date=July 7, 2021|access-date=July 1, 2021|work=[[NPR]]}}</ref><ref name="20210701NYTLiptak2">{{cite news|last1=Liptak|first1=Adam|title=Supreme Court Upholds Arizona Voting Restrictions|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/01/us/politics/supreme-court-arizona-voting-restrictions.html|access-date=July 7, 2021|work=The New York Times|date=July 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707045129/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/01/us/politics/supreme-court-arizona-voting-restrictions.html|archive-date=July 7, 2021}}</ref> De slip opinion talk say for Syllabus part sey, "De Court no wan drop any test we go cover all VRA [Section 2] challenges wey fit talk about time, place, or way to cast ballot. E go just dey okay to see some guide wey go lead to de Court decision for dis matter."<ref>{{cite web|date=July 1, 2021|title=''Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee'', 594 U.S. ___ (2021), Slip opinion, Syllabus, page 2|url=https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/19-1257_g204.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210706222115/https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/20pdf/19-1257_g204.pdf|archive-date=July 6, 2021|access-date=July 7, 2021|publisher=United States Supreme Court}}</ref> De Court drop dis guide dem wey we go use check de state rules under Section 2. E include: how heavy de burden wey de rule dey create, how de rule change from wetin we don dey do before, how de racial imbalance be, plus how much chance dem dey give voters wen dem dey look all de election rules.<ref name="abcnews decision2">{{cite web|last=Dywer|first=Devin|date=July 1, 2021|title=Supreme Court upholds Arizona restrictions in major voting rights, racial discrimination case|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/supreme-court-upholds-arizona-restrictions-major-voting-rights/story?id=78182724|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707042534/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/supreme-court-upholds-arizona-restrictions-major-voting-rights/story?id=78182724|archive-date=July 7, 2021|access-date=July 1, 2021|work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref><ref name="20210701NYTLiptak3">{{cite news|last1=Liptak|first1=Adam|title=Supreme Court Upholds Arizona Voting Restrictions|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/01/us/politics/supreme-court-arizona-voting-restrictions.html|access-date=July 7, 2021|work=The New York Times|date=July 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707045129/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/01/us/politics/supreme-court-arizona-voting-restrictions.html|archive-date=July 7, 2021}}</ref><ref name="20210701VoxcomMillhiser2">{{cite news|last1=Millhiser|first1=Ian|title=The Supreme Court leaves the Voting Rights Act alive — but only barely|url=https://www.vox.com/2021/7/1/22559046/supreme-court-voting-rights-act-brnovich-dnc-samuel-alito-elena-kagan-democracy|access-date=July 2, 2023|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox.com]]|publisher=[[Vox (website)|Vox.com]]|date=July 1, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230625214832/https://www.vox.com/2021/7/1/22559046/supreme-court-voting-rights-act-brnovich-dnc-samuel-alito-elena-kagan-democracy|archive-date=June 25, 2023}}</ref> When dem dey find out if any place law for election dey go against wetin Section 2 of VRA talk, courts dey use some factors wey Senate Judiciary Committee report for 1982 amendments talk about, wey dem dey call 'Senate Factors', including:<ref name="20200911DOJSection2VAR19652">{{cite web|date=September 11, 2020|title=Section 2 Of The Voting Rights Act|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/section-2-voting-rights-act|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209070954/https://www.justice.gov/crt/section-2-voting-rights-act|archive-date=December 9, 2020|access-date=January 3, 2021|publisher=The United States Department of Justice}}</ref> # History dey show say dem dey discriminate wey fit affect de right to vote; # How voting for de jurisdiction insyde dey show racial divide for de place; # De way dem dey use majority vote matter, big electoral districts wey too plenty, ban on bullet voting, plus other things wey fit make voting discrimination better; # E be if dem go allow minority candidates enter de candidate slating process, if dem get any; # How far dem minority people for dis area dey face wahala for money matter like school, job, plus health; # E fit be clear or small small racial code talk wey dey happen for campaigns; # How many minority candidates don win elections; # De way wey those people dem elect no dey mind de wahala wey minority group dey face; plus # Whether de policy justification for de law wey dem challenge be tenuous. De report show say no all or plenty of dem factors dey need to dey for electoral thing make e lead to discrimination, plus e also show say dis list no be complete, make court fit consider extra evidence if dem like.<ref name="WayOut2">{{cite journal |last=Mulroy |first=Steven J. |year=1998 |title=The Way Out: A Legal Standard for Imposing Alternative Electoral Systems as Voting Rights Remedies |journal=Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review |volume=33 |ssrn=1907880}}</ref>{{rp|344}}{{rp|28–29}} {{quote box|quote=No right is more precious in a free country than that of having a voice in the election of those who make the laws under which, as good citizens, we must live. Other rights, even the most basic, are illusory if the right to vote is undermined. Our Constitution leaves no room for classification of people in a way that unnecessarily abridges this right.|source=— Justice Hugo Black on the right to vote as the foundation of democracy in ''Wesberry v. Sanders'' (1964).<ref>{{cite web |title=''Wesberry v. Sanders'', 376 U.S. 1 (1964), at 17-18. |url=https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/376/1/ |publisher=Justia US Supreme Court Center |access-date=January 5, 2021 |date=February 17, 1964 |archive-date=January 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107043412/https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/376/1/ |url-status=live }}</ref>|width=27%|align=right|style=padding:8px;}} — [[:en:Supreme_Court_Justice|Justice]] [[:en:Hugo_Black|Black]] on [[:en:Suffrage|the right to vote]] as the foundation of [[:en:Democracy|democracy]] in ''[[:en:Wesberry_v._Sanders|Wesberry v. Sanders]]'' (1964). Section 2 no allow two kind discrimination: "vote denial", wey dey mean say person no fit cast im ballot or make dem count im vote well, plus "vote dilution".<ref>{{cite news|author-link=Mark Joseph Stern|last1=Stern|first1=Mark Joseph|title=Jurisprudence: Neil Gorsuch Declares War on the Voting Rights Act|url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2018/06/abbott-v-perez-neil-gorsuch-says-the-voting-rights-act-does-not-prohibit-racial-gerrymandering.html|access-date=March 6, 2021|publisher=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|date=June 25, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302112234/https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2018/06/abbott-v-perez-neil-gorsuch-says-the-voting-rights-act-does-not-prohibit-racial-gerrymandering.html|archive-date=March 2, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author1=Paige A. Epstein|title=Addressing Minority Vote Dilution Through StateVoting Rights Acts. In: University of Chicago Public Law & LegalTheory Working Paper No. 47 (February 2014)|url=https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1918&context=public_law_and_legal_theory|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211180149/https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F&httpsredir=1&article=1918&context=public_law_and_legal_theory|archive-date=December 11, 2019|access-date=March 6, 2021|publisher=University of Chicago Law School Chicago Unbound}}</ref>{{rp|2–6}} wey de strength or effectiveness of person vote go dey reduced.<ref name="NewDenial">{{cite journal |last=Tokaji |first=Daniel P. |year=2006 |title=The New Vote Denial: Where Election Reform Meets the Voting Rights Act |journal=South Carolina Law Review |volume=57 |ssrn=896786}}</ref>{{rp|691–692}} Most Section 2 wahala dey concern vote wey dem dey dilute, especially when people dey talk say de way dem redistrict or de way dem use at-large/multimember elections dey make am hard for minority voters to cast enough votes wey go fit help dem elect de candidates wey dem like.<ref name="NewDenial2">{{cite journal |last=Tokaji |first=Daniel P. |year=2006 |title=The New Vote Denial: Where Election Reform Meets the Voting Rights Act |journal=South Carolina Law Review |volume=57 |ssrn=896786}}</ref>{{rp|708–709}} Wen dem do at-large election, e fit spoil minority voters votes, sekof de strong majority group fit take all de seats for de place.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Adams |first=Ross J. |year=1989 |title=Whose Vote Counts? Minority Vote Dilution and Election Rights |url=http://openscholarship.wustl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1289&context=law_urbanlaw |journal=Journal of Urban and Contemporary Law |volume=35 |access-date=March 26, 2015}}</ref>{{rp|221}} Dem redistricting plans fit gerrymander am, make votes wey minority people cast dey dilute. Dem go fit 'pack' plenty minority voters for small districts or 'crack' dem by spreading dem small for plenty districts.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Role of Section 2 – Redistricting & Vote Dilution|url=http://redrawingthelines.org/redistrictingvotedilution|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402092433/http://redrawingthelines.org/redistrictingvotedilution|archive-date=April 2, 2015|access-date=August 4, 2015|work=Redrawing the Lines|publisher=NAACP Legal Defense Fund}}</ref> For Thornburg v. Gingles (1986), Supreme Court talk say dem dey call am "vote dilution through submergence" when dem dey complain say when area use at-large/multimember election or gerrymandered redistricting, e dey scatter minority votes. Dem set legal way wey go fit check this matter under Section 2.[a] Under Gingles test, plaintiffs(person wey take anoda go court) must show say three things dey: # De racial or language minority group dey plenty plus dey close enough to fit form majority for one single-member district'; # De minority group dey be 'politically tight' (dis mean say dem members fit vote di same way); plus # De majority dey vote together well well to fit ... normally to burst de minority candidate wey dem like'.<ref name="Gingles">''Thornburg v. Gingles'', {{ussc|478|30|1986}}</ref>{{rp|50–51}} De first condition wey dem dey call "compactness" na im dey talk whether dem fit create majority-minority district. De second and third conditions na wetin dem dey group as "racially polarized voting" or "racial bloc voting", plus e dey talk whether de voting patterns of de different racial groups be different. If person wey dey sue fit prove say these conditions dey, den e go need show, using de other Senate Factors plus evidence, say for de whole situation, de jurisdiction's redistricting plan or de way dem dey do at-large or multimember elections dey reduce de chance wey de minority group get to select candidates wey dem like.<ref name="WayOut3">{{cite journal |last=Mulroy |first=Steven J. |year=1998 |title=The Way Out: A Legal Standard for Imposing Alternative Electoral Systems as Voting Rights Remedies |journal=Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review |volume=33 |ssrn=1907880}}</ref>{{rp|344–345}} Wen dem go fit dey litigate again, dem define how dis "vote dilution through submergence" matter dey be. For Bartlett v. Strickland (2009),<ref>''Bartlett v. Strickland'', {{ussc|556|1|2009|source=f}}</ref> Supreme Court talk say, di first Gingles precondition go only fit happen if dem fit draw one district wey di minority group go dey majority of voting-age citizens. Dis one mean say, people wey dey sue no go fit win submergence case for places wey di minority group no dey big reach majority for di district, but dem dey big enough make dem fit choose dia favorite candidates plus some votes from di majority group.<ref name="Roseman">{{cite journal |last=Roseman |first=Brandon |year=2009 |title=Equal Opportunities Do Not Always Equate to Equal Representation: How Bartlett v. Strickland is a Regression in the Face of the Ongoing Civil Rights Movement |url=https://archives.law.nccu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1683&context=ncclr |journal=North Carolina Central Law Review |volume=32 |access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/03/09/AR2009030900987.html|title=Supreme Court Restricts Voting Rights Act's Scope|last=Barnes|first=Robert|date=March 10, 2009|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=April 21, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|A2}} Cross check be say, Supreme Court never touch if different protected minority groups fit join body wey go satisfy di Gingles preconditions as coalition, and lower courts dey cut on dis matter. De Supreme Court talk some more about de "totality of the circumstances" test wey dey Johnson v. De Grandy (1994). Dem court yan say just having de three Gingles preconditions no fit mean say person go dey responsible for vote dilution if oda tins dey against am, especially wen we dey talk about redistricting wahala. Dem court also talk say even if de three Gingles preconditions fit dey, jurisdiction no go fit carry any blame for vote dilution if dem redistricting plan get enough majority-minority districts wey match d minority people population. Dis decision clear say Section 2 no need make jurisdictions increase majority-minority districts.<ref name="Gerken">{{cite journal |last=Gerken |first=Heather K. |year=2001 |title=Understanding the Right to an Undiluted Vote |url=http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/360/ |journal=Harvard Law Review |volume=114 |issue=6 |pages=1663–1743 |doi=10.2307/1342651 |jstor=1342651 |access-date=November 20, 2013}}</ref> Dem also separate how majority-minority districts be, wey go fit give minorities chance to choose who dem want, from how election results be, wey Section 2 no fit promise minorities.{{rp|1013–1014}} Dem get wahala wey concern de third Gingles precondition wey no fit resolve. For Gingles matter, de Supreme Court no gree if plaintiffs go prove say de majority racial group dey vote together sekof dem dey motivated by race matter no be other tins wey fit join with race, like party affiliation. Plenty justices talk say if dem go need such proof, e go go against wetin Congress want make Section 2 be, as 'results' test, but Justice White talk say de proof dey important to show how de electoral scheme fit lead to racial discrimination.<ref name="GinglesNew">{{cite journal |last=Kosterlitz |first=Mary J. |year=1987 |title=Thornburg v. Gingles: The Supreme Court's New Test for Analyzing Minority Vote Dilution |url=https://scholarship.law.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1961&context=lawreview |journal=Catholic University Law Review |volume=36 |access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>{{rp|555–557}} Since Gingles, lower courts don dey argue about de matter too. {{quote box|quote=The right to vote freely for the candidate of one's choice is of the essence of a democratic society, and any restrictions on that right strike at the heart of representative government. And the right of suffrage can be denied by a debasement or dilution of the weight of a citizen's vote just as effectively as by wholly prohibiting the free exercise of the franchise. [...] Undoubtedly, the right of suffrage is a fundamental matter in a free and democratic society. Especially since the right to exercise the franchise in a free and unimpaired manner is preservative of other basic civil and political rights, any alleged infringement of the right of citizens to vote must be carefully and meticulously scrutinized.|source=— Chief Justice Earl Warren on the right to vote as the foundation of democracy in ''Reynolds v. Sims'' (1964).<ref>{{cite web |title=''Reynolds v. Sims'', 377 U.S. 533 (1964), at 555 and 561–562. |url=https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/377/533/ |publisher=Justia US Supreme Court Center |access-date=January 5, 2021 |date=June 15, 1964}}</ref>|width=27%|align=left|style=padding:8px;}} E be true say plenty Section 2 case dem dey talk about how dem dey dilute vote with submergence,<ref name="NewDenial3">{{cite journal |last=Tokaji |first=Daniel P. |year=2006 |title=The New Vote Denial: Where Election Reform Meets the Voting Rights Act |journal=South Carolina Law Review |volume=57 |ssrn=896786}}</ref>{{rp|708–709}} but dem still fit talk about other ways vote fit dey diluted for this law. For Holder v. Hall (1994),<ref name="Holder">''Holder v. Hall'', {{ussc|512|874|1994}}</ref> Supreme Court talk say if minority vote dey diluted sekof small size of body wey dey govern, like one-person county commission, dem no fit bring dat matter under Section 2. Court come reason say no standard size wey no dey dilute vote for governing body, so no relief go fit happen under Section 2.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Guinier |first=Lani |year=1994 |title=(e)Racing Democracy: The Voting Rights Cases |url=http://www.law.harvard.edu/faculty/guinier/publications/comment.pdf |journal=Harvard Law Review |volume=108 |access-date=November 24, 2013}}</ref> Anoda way wey vote fit dey dilute na wen dem say candidate go need majority vote to win. Dis majority-vote matter fit mek person wey minority group like, wey fit don win if na simple plurality vote, lose o after plenty voters team up behind anoda candidate for runoff election. Supreme Court never talk if we fit carry such claims come under Section 2, plus lower courts don get different ideas about am. Apart from all de talk say dem dey dilute votes, courts don still look into cases wey concern vote denial under Section 2. De Supreme Court for de case of Richardson v. Ramirez (1974)<ref>''Richardson v. Ramirez'', {{ussc|418|24|1974}}</ref> gree say law wey dey take away felons' right no fit violate Section 2 because Section 2 of de Fourteenth Amendment dey allow such laws.<ref name="democracy12">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|756–757}} One federal court for Mississippi talk say if you get 'dual registration' system wey make person register differently for state elections plus local elections, e fit dey violate Section 2 if e dey affect people wey no be equal based on de Senate Factors.<ref name="democracy13">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|754}}<ref>''Mississippi State Chapter, Operation Push v. Allain'', 674 F.Supp. 1245 (N.D. Miss. 1987)</ref> From 2013, lower federal courts dey start dey look challenges wey people bring against voter ID laws under Section 2.<ref>{{cite web|last=Sherman|first=Jon|date=November 11, 2013|title=Three Strategies (So Far) to Strike Down Strict Voter ID Laws Under Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act|url=http://fairelectionsnetwork.com/blog/three-strategies-so-far-strike-down-strict-voter-id-laws-under-section-2-voting-rights-act|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108070213/http://www.fairelectionsnetwork.com/blog/three-strategies-so-far-strike-down-strict-voter-id-laws-under-section-2-voting-rights-act|archive-date=November 8, 2014|access-date=June 25, 2015|publisher=Fair Elections Legal Network}}</ref> ===== Specific prohibitions ===== Dis law get plenty rules wey no go let anybody disturb person wey wan vote well. One of de rules dey for Section 201, wey talk say no place fit force person make dem do any 'test or device' before dem go fit register to vote or cast dem ballot. 'Test or device' mean tings like reading tests, education wahala, proof say you be good person, plus any requirement wey say person must get someone wey go vouch for dem wen dem dey vote.<ref>Voting Rights Act of 1965 § 201; (formerly 42 U.S.C. § 1973aa)</ref> Before dem pass de Act, dis devices na dem main tools dem dey use for places to stop minority people from voting.<ref name="Main">{{cite journal |last=Pitts |first=Michael J. |year=2008 |title=The Voting Rights Act and the Era of Maintenance |journal=Alabama Law Review |volume=59 |ssrn=1105115}}</ref> Before, the Act fit pause tests or devices for some places wey dey under Section 4(b), but later, Congress push the ban for everywhere plus make am permanent.<ref name="RevisedBailout6">{{cite journal |last=Williamson |first=Richard A. |year=1984 |title=The 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act: A Statutory Analysis of the Revised Bailout Provisions |url=http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |url-status=dead |journal=Washington University Law Review |volume=62 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060158/http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |access-date=August 29, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|6–9}} For matter wey relate, Section 202 no go allow area make dem put any 'time wey you go stay' rule wey go talk say person suppose don stay for dey more than 30 days before e fit vote for presidential election.<ref name="Defending2">{{cite journal |last=Tokaji |first=Daniel P. |year=2006 |title=Intent and Its Alternatives: Defending the New Voting Rights Act |url=http://www.law.ua.edu/pubs/lrarticles/Volume%2058/Issue%202/tokaji.pdf |journal=Alabama Law Review |volume=58 |access-date=January 7, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|353}} Section 11 get plenty protections for voters. Section 11(a) no allow anybody wey dey use law to refuse person wey qualify make e vote or no go count am ballot. Section 11(b) too no dey make anybody intimidate, harass, or force another person make e vote or try to vote. Two parts for Section 11 talk about voter fraud: Section 11(c) no go make person wey sabi submit fake voter registration make e fit vote for federal election, and Section 11(e) no allow person vote twice for federal election.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Brewster |first1=Henry |last2=Dubler |first2=Grant |last3=Klym |first3=Peter |year=2013 |title=Election Law Violations |url=http://www.americancriminallawreview.com/aswcc/#ElectionLaw |url-status=dead |journal=American Criminal Law Review |volume=50 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190318021044/http://www.americancriminallawreview.com/aswcc/#ElectionLaw |archive-date=March 18, 2019 |access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=De Oliveira |first=Pedro |year=2009 |title=Same Day Voter Registration: Post-Crawford Reform to Address the Growing Burdens on Lower-Income Voters |url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/geojpovlp16&div=18&id=&page= |journal=Georgetown Journal on Poverty Law and Policy |volume=16 |access-date=April 13, 2019}} </ref>{{rp|360}} Eii, at long last, Section 208 talk say no jurisdiction fit stop anybody wey no sabi English or get de disability from bringing person wey dem choose go help am for de ballot box. Only exceptions be say de assistant no fit be agent for de person work or union.<ref name="enfranchise2">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2006 |title=Enfranchising Language Minority Citizens: The Bilingual Election Provisions of the Voting Rights Act |url=http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=New York University Journal of Legislation and Public Policy |volume=10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020111915/http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |archive-date=October 20, 2013 |access-date=January 3, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|221}} ===== Bail-in ===== Section 3(c) get one "bail-in" or "pocket trigger" way wey places wey no fit follow Section 4(b) go fit still need preclearance. So if dem catch any place wey dey treat voters bad based on race, go fit make dem follow de rules wey de Fourteenth or Fifteenth Amendments talk. Court fit tell dem say, any change wey dem wan make for demma election laws, dem go need first get approval from federal government. But e get as courts dey look de Fourteenth plus Fifteenth Amendments say dem only fit catch intentional discrimination, so to bail in one place, de person wey go carry de matter go court must show say that place dey use voting way wey fit discriminate on purpose.<ref name="bail-in2">{{cite journal |last=Crum |first=Travis |year=2010 |title=The Voting Rights Act's Secret Weapon: Pocket Trigger Litigation and Dynamic Preclearance |url=http://www.yalelawjournal.org/the-yale-law-journal/note/the-voting-rights-act%27s-secret-weapon:-pocket-trigger-litigation-and-dynamic-preclearance |url-status=dead |journal=The Yale Law Journal |volume=119 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830171847/http://www.yalelawjournal.org/the-yale-law-journal/note/the-voting-rights-act%27s-secret-weapon:-pocket-trigger-litigation-and-dynamic-preclearance/ |archive-date=August 30, 2013 |access-date=August 27, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|2009}} Section 3(c) get im own preclearance talk wey dey different from Section 5 preclearance plenty ways. Unlike Section 5 wey dey cover jurisdiction untill dem fit come out from Section 4(a) coverage, bailed-in jurisdictions go still dey under preclearance as long as court talk so. Plus, court fit fit tell jurisdiction make dem only preclear specific voting changes. For example, New Mexico wey bail-in for 1984 last for 10 years plus only need preclearance for redistricting plans. This one dey different from Section 5 wey require coverage to preclear all voting changes wey dem get.<ref name="bail-in3">{{cite journal |last=Crum |first=Travis |year=2010 |title=The Voting Rights Act's Secret Weapon: Pocket Trigger Litigation and Dynamic Preclearance |url=http://www.yalelawjournal.org/the-yale-law-journal/note/the-voting-rights-act%27s-secret-weapon:-pocket-trigger-litigation-and-dynamic-preclearance |url-status=dead |journal=The Yale Law Journal |volume=119 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830171847/http://www.yalelawjournal.org/the-yale-law-journal/note/the-voting-rights-act%27s-secret-weapon:-pocket-trigger-litigation-and-dynamic-preclearance/ |archive-date=August 30, 2013 |access-date=August 27, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|2009–2010}}<ref name="section3">{{cite web|title=Section 3 of the Voting Rights Act|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/42usc/subch_ia2.php#anchor_1973|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130224032531/http://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/42usc/subch_ia2.php#anchor_1973|archive-date=February 24, 2013|access-date=March 4, 2013|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice}}</ref> E be like sey Section 3(c) no dey get much use for de Act early days; no state fit bail in till 1975. From 1975 to 2013, 18 jurisdictions don bail in, wey include 16 local governments plus states of Arkansas plus New Mexico.<ref name="DOJbrief">{{cite web|title=Brief for the Federal Respondent, Shelby County v. Holder, 2013 United States Supreme Court Briefs No. 12-96|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/app/briefs/shelbymerits.pdf|access-date=December 8, 2013|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice}}</ref>{{rp|1a-2a}} Even though de Supreme Court talk sey Section 4(b) formula no fit work for Shelby County v. Holder (2013), dem no talk sey Section 3(c) no good. So, dem fit still bail in jurisdictions plus make dem go through Section 3(c) preclearance.<ref name="shelby2">''Shelby County v. Holder'', {{ussc|link=https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/570/12-96/|volume=570|year=2014|docket=12–96}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|agency=Associated Press|title=GOP Has Tough Choices on Voting Rights Act|url=https://news.yahoo.com/gop-tough-choices-voting-rights-act-151906183.html|access-date=January 8, 2014|newspaper=Yahoo! News|date=July 4, 2013}}</ref>After de Shelby County matter, courts start to consider requests from de attorney general plus other plaintiffs to bail in Texas plus North Carolina,<ref>{{cite news|last=Schwinn|first=Steven D.|title=Justice Department to Sue North Carolina over Vote Restrictions|url=http://lawprofessors.typepad.com/conlaw/2013/09/justice-department-to-sue-north-carolina-over-vote-restrictions.html|access-date=January 1, 2014|newspaper=Law Professor Blogs Network|date=September 30, 2013}}</ref> plus for January 2014, one federal court bail in Evergreen, Alabama.<ref>{{cite news|last=Liptak|first=Adam|title=Judge Reinstates Some Federal Oversight of Voting Practices for an Alabama City|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/15/us/judge-reinstates-federal-oversight-of-voting-practices-for-alabama-city.html?_r=0|access-date=March 2, 2014|newspaper=The New York Times|date=January 14, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224015806/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/15/us/judge-reinstates-federal-oversight-of-voting-practices-for-alabama-city.html?_r=0|archive-date=February 24, 2021}}</ref> Section 3(a) talk say, dem fit use narrow bail-in process for federal observer certification. If court gree say one jurisdiction violate the voting rights wey Fourteenth or Fifteenth Amendments dey guarantee, dem fit certify am to receive federal observers. Dem jurisdictions wey court don certify under Section 3(a) no go need preclearance.<ref name="Observers">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2007 |title=The Power of Observation: The Role of Federal Observers Under the Voting Rights Act |url=https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1100&context=mjrl |journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law |volume=13 |access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>{{rp|236–237}} ===== Special provisions ===== ===== Coverage formula ===== [[File:Us_s5_cvr08.PNG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Us_s5_cvr08.PNG|alt=Map depicting states and counties encompassed by the act's coverage formula in January 2008 (excluding bailed-out jurisdictions)|thumb|States and counties wey Act dey cover as January 2008 (no include bailed-out places). Some counties later on don chop bailed-out, but plenty of the map show wetin cover jurisdictions before Supreme Court talk for ,''[[:en:Shelby_County_v._Holder|Shelby County v. Holder]]'' (2013), wey chop the coverage formula do unconstitutional.]] Section 4(b) get wetin dem dey call 'coverage formula' wey go fit show which states and local governments go follow di Act special provisions (except di Section 203(c) bilingual election matter, wey dey follow another formula). Congress wan make di coverage formula cover di places wey dey do plenty discrimination. Jurisdiction go dey covered by di formula if: # Since November 1, 1964, 1968, or 1972, dem dey use some 'test or device' to block people from registering den voting; plus # Less than half di people wey fit vote no register for November 1, 1964, 1968, or 1972; or less than half de people wey fit vote no show face for de presidential election for November 1964, 1968, or 1972. When dem first bring de law come, de coverage formula only get November 1964 dates; later dem add more dates wey be November 1968 plus November 1972, wey make more places join de coverage. For de coverage formula, de term 'test or device' mean di same four things wey dem ban for di whole country by Section 201—literacy tests, educational or knowledge requirements, proof say person dey good morally, plus say person need somebody to vouch for am wen e dey vote—plus one extra ting wey dey Section 4(f)(3): if more than five percent of citizens wey fit vote na members of one language minority group, any practice wey make dem provide registration or election materials only for English. De kinds of places wey dis coverage formula fit apply to na states an de 'political subdivisions' of states<ref name="enfranchise3">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2006 |title=Enfranchising Language Minority Citizens: The Bilingual Election Provisions of the Voting Rights Act |url=http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=New York University Journal of Legislation and Public Policy |volume=10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020111915/http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |archive-date=October 20, 2013 |access-date=January 3, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|207–208}}. Section 14(c)(2) talk say 'political subdivision' be any county, parish, or 'any other part of a State wey dey organize registration for voting.'<ref>Voting Rights Act § 14(c)(2); (formerly 42 U.S.C. § 1973l(c)(2))</ref> As Congress added new triggering dates to the coverage formula, new jurisdictions were brought into coverage. De 1965 coverage formula included de whole of Alabama, Alaska, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, plus Virginia; plus some subdivisions (mostly counties) for Arizona, Hawaii, Idaho, plus North Carolina. The 1968 coverage don result for de partial coverage of Alaska, Arizona, California, Connecticut, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, plus Wyoming. Connecticut, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, and Wyoming filed successful "bailout" lawsuits, as also provided by section 4. De 1972 coverage covered the whole of Alaska, Arizona, plus Texas, den parts of California, Florida, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, plus South Dakota. De special rules we dem put insyde de Act suppose finish for 1970, but Congress gree renew am for extra five years. For 1975, dem extend de special rules again for seven more years. Then for 1982, dem extend de coverage formula again, dis time for 25 years, but dem no change anything for de coverage formula, plus for 2006, dem extend de coverage formula again for another 25 years. E be like de history no smooth, de coverage formula dey cause wahala because e dey put some areas for spotlight, plenty from Deep South. For de case wey dem call Shelby County v. Holder (2013), de Supreme Court talk say de coverage formula no dey work well because dia criteria don old plus e dey go against equal state sovereignty plus federalism principles.<ref name="shelby3">''Shelby County v. Holder'', {{ussc|link=https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/570/12-96/|volume=570|year=2014|docket=12–96}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Totenberg|first1=Nina|title=Supreme Court Weighs Future Of Voting Rights Act|url=https://www.npr.org/2013/02/27/173012038/supreme-court-weighs-future-of-voting-rights-act|access-date=March 13, 2021|work=[[NPR|National Public Radio]]|publisher=[[NPR|National Public Radio]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008132557/https://www.npr.org/2013/02/27/173012038/supreme-court-weighs-future-of-voting-rights-act|archive-date=October 8, 2020}}</ref><ref name="Liptak, A2">{{cite news|title=Supreme Court Invalidates Key Part of Voting Rights Act|author=Liptak, A.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/26/us/supreme-court-ruling.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=June 25, 2013|access-date=June 26, 2013}}</ref> De other special yanga wey dey depend on de coverage formula, like Section 5 preclearance requirement, still dey valid law. But without correct coverage formula, dem no fit enforce dem.<ref name="scotusblogplain2">{{cite web|last=Howe|first=Amy|date=June 25, 2013|title=Details on Shelby County v. Holder: In Plain English|url=http://www.scotusblog.com/2013/06/details-on-shelby-county-v-holder-in-plain-english|access-date=July 1, 2013|work=SCOTUSBlog}}</ref><ref name="rolls back2">{{cite magazine|url=https://swampland.time.com/2013/06/25/high-court-rolls-back-the-voting-rights-act-of-1965/|title=High Court Rolls Back the Voting Rights Act of 1965|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=June 25, 2013|access-date=June 25, 2013|author=Von Drehle, David|author-link=David Von Drehle}}</ref> ===== Preclearance requirement ===== Section 5<ref name="VRA-5">Voting Rights Act of 1965 § 5; (formerly 42 U.S.C. § 1973c)</ref> say any place wey fit enter this matter go need federal approval, wey dem dey call 'preclearance', before dem fit change demma election law. That place go need show say de change no dey discriminate based on race or language matter; if dem no fit show am, federal government go deny dem preclearance plus de change go no fit take effect. Supreme Court talk say Section 5 cover plenty for Allen v. State Board of Election (1969),<ref name="Allen">''Allen v. State Board of Elections'', {{ussc|393|544|1969}}</ref> say any small change for how dem dey vote go need preclearance.<ref name="DOJCoveredChanges">{{cite web|title=What Must Be Submitted Under Section 5|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/sec_5/types.php|access-date=November 30, 2013|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice}}</ref> E still talk say if dem no get de preclearance, private people fit sue dem for demma local court before three judges. For this Section 5 'enforcement actions', court go check if de area make any voting change wey dem covere, plus if e don get preclearance. If de area no get de preclearance wey dem suppose to get, court go command de area make dem get am before dem carry out de change. But court no go fit reason whether de change suppose to pass or not.<ref name="DOJsection52">{{cite web|title=About Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/sec_5/about.php|access-date=April 21, 2014|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice}}</ref><ref name="PrivateRight2">{{cite journal |last=Tokaji |first=Daniel P. |year=2010 |title=Public Rights and Private Rights of Action: The Enforcement of Federal Election Laws |url=http://mckinneylaw.iu.edu/ilr/pdf/vol44p113.pdf |journal=Indiana Law Review |volume=44 |pages=113–160 |doi=10.18060/4081 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200312032939/https://mckinneylaw.iu.edu/ilr/pdf/vol44p113.pdf |archive-date=March 12, 2020 |access-date=February 25, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|128–129}}<ref name="Allen2">''Allen v. State Board of Elections'', {{ussc|393|544|1969}}</ref>{{rp|556}}<ref name="Lopez1">''Lopez v. Monterey County'' (''Lopez I''), {{ussc|519|9|1996}}</ref>{{rp|23}} Jurisdictions fit ask for preclearance through either 'administrative preclearance' or 'judicial preclearance'. If dem wan go for administrative preclearance, de attorney general go check if de change wey dem propose get any discriminatory reason or effect. Once de jurisdiction submit de change, de attorney general get 60 days to raise any objection. If dem need extra time, dem fit extend am for another 60 days if de jurisdiction bring more information later. If de attorney general raise objection, de change no go fit clear plus dem no go fit use am.<ref name="Posner">{{cite journal |last=Posner |first=Mark A. |year=2006 |title=The Real Story Behind the Justice Department's Implementation of Section 5 of the VRA: Vigorous Enforcement, As Intended by Congress |url=http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/djclpp/vol1/iss1/2/ |journal=Duke Journal of Constitutional Law & Public Policy |volume=1 |issue=1 |access-date=November 30, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|90–92}} Attorney general wey gree no fit make dem review am for court,<ref>''Morris v. Gressette'', {{ussc|432|491|1977}}</ref> but if e bring wahala, de jurisdiction fit look for court approval by demself, plus de court fit just ignore de attorney general wahala if dem like.<ref name="democracy14">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|559}} If jurisdiction wan seek court approval, dem go file case against de attorney general for U.S. District Court for D.C. Three judges go check if de voting change get any discriminatory wahala, plus de one wey lose fit carry am go Supreme Court directly.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Porto L. |first=Brian |year=1998 |title=What Changes in Voting Practices or Procedures Must be Precleared Under § 5 of Voting Rights Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C.A. § 1973c) |journal=American Law Reports Federal |volume=146}}</ref> Private people fit join de court case for dis preclearance lawsuits matter.<ref name="Ash2">''Georgia v. Ashcroft'', {{ussc|539|461|2003}}</ref>{{rp|476–477}}<ref name="Posner2">{{cite journal |last=Posner |first=Mark A. |year=2006 |title=The Real Story Behind the Justice Department's Implementation of Section 5 of the VRA: Vigorous Enforcement, As Intended by Congress |url=http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/djclpp/vol1/iss1/2/ |journal=Duke Journal of Constitutional Law & Public Policy |volume=1 |issue=1 |access-date=November 30, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|90}} Many times, Supreme Court don talk about wetin be "discriminatory effect" plus "discriminatory purpose" for Section 5 matter. For Beer v. United States (1976),<ref name="beer">''Beer v. United States'', {{ussc|425|130|1976}}</ref> Court talk say if voting change wan get bad discriminatory effect, e suppose cause "retrogression" (backsliding). So, if voting change dey cause discrimination, but e no dey cause more discrimination than before, dem no fit deny am preclearance because e get discriminatory effect.<ref name="end">{{cite journal |last1=McCrary |first1=Peyton |last2=Seaman |first2=Christopher |last3=Valelly |first3=Richard |year=2006 |title=The End of Preclearance As We Knew It: How the Supreme Court Transformed Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act |journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law |volume=11 |ssrn=1913565}}</ref>{{rp|283–284}} Like for example, if dem change poll tax to expensive voter registration fee, e no be "retrogressive" change sekof e dey cause same level of discrimination, no more.<ref name="ironic">{{cite journal |last=Kousser |first=J. Morgan |year=2008 |title=The Strange, Ironic Career of Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act, 1965–2007 |url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/31447149/strange-ironic-career-section-5-voting-rights-act-1965-2007 |url-status=dead |journal=Texas Law Review |volume=86 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131219112130/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/31447149/strange-ironic-career-section-5-voting-rights-act-1965-2007 |archive-date=December 19, 2013 |access-date=November 16, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|695}} Dem dey use de Senate report for di Act well, as court talk say de retrogression standard be di right way to sabi wetin 'discriminatory effect' mean, sekof Section 5 na to make sure say de progress wey minority dey make no go spoil sekof of new 'discriminatory' ways.<ref name="beer2">''Beer v. United States'', {{ussc|425|130|1976}}</ref>{{rp|140–141}} De retrogression standard dey apply whether de voting change dey cause people no fit vote or make dem vote no strong.<ref name="end2">{{cite journal |last1=McCrary |first1=Peyton |last2=Seaman |first2=Christopher |last3=Valelly |first3=Richard |year=2006 |title=The End of Preclearance As We Knew It: How the Supreme Court Transformed Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act |journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law |volume=11 |ssrn=1913565}}</ref>{{rp|311}} For 2003, Supreme Court wey dey Georgia v. Ashcroft talk say courts no go fit just check say new redistricting plan get retrogressive wahala sekof e reduce minority-majority districts. Dem court people stress say judges suppose check plenty other things under de 'totality of de circumstances, like if de redistricting plan dey increase de number of 'influence districts' wey minority group fit use change election outcome small. For 2006, Congress come turn this decision upside down by amending Section 5, wey go talk clear say 'if you dey reduce protected minority fit elect demma own candidates, e mean say you dey deny or abridge them right to vote base on Section 5.<ref>Voting Rights Act of 1965 § 5(b); (formerly 42 U.S.C. § 1973c(b))</ref> Still, e dey unclear wetin this language really mean plus how courts go fit interpret am.<ref name="democracy15">{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|publisher=Foundation Press|year=2012|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th|location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{rp|551–552, 916}} Before 2000, dem dey talk say de "discriminatory purpose" part for Section 5 fit mean any kind discrimination, which be de same way dem dey check if wahala be unconstitutional. For Reno v. Bossier Parish (Bossier Parish II) (2000),<ref name="Reno2">''Reno v. Bossier Parish School Board'', {{ussc|528|320|2000}}</ref> Supreme Court change am small, dem talk say for any voting change to get "discriminatory purpose" under Section 5, e go need to happen for retrogressive reason. So, if dem wan use voting change to discriminate against minority, e dey okay under Section 5 as long as e no dey try increase de wahala wey dey already.<ref name="end3">{{cite journal |last1=McCrary |first1=Peyton |last2=Seaman |first2=Christopher |last3=Valelly |first3=Richard |year=2006 |title=The End of Preclearance As We Knew It: How the Supreme Court Transformed Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act |journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law |volume=11 |ssrn=1913565}}</ref>{{rp|277–278}} This change make plenty cases wey dem deny preclearance base on discriminatory purpose reduce. For 2006, Congress come overturn Bossier Parish II by amending Section 5 to clear say "purpose" mean "any discriminatory purpose."<ref name="Promise2">{{cite journal |last=Persily |first=Nathaniel |year=2007 |title=The Promise and Pitfalls of the New Voting Rights Act |url=http://yalelawjournal.org/the-yale-law-journal/article/the-promise-and-pitfalls-of-the-new-voting-rights-act/ |url-status=dead |journal=Yale Law Journal |volume=117 |issue=2 |pages=174–254 |doi=10.2307/20455790 |jstor=20455790 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130926061938/http://yalelawjournal.org/the-yale-law-journal/article/the-promise-and-pitfalls-of-the-new-voting-rights-act/ |archive-date=September 26, 2013 |access-date=September 21, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|199–200, 207}}<ref>Voting Rights Act of 1965 § 5(c); (formerly 42 U.S.C. 1973c(c))</ref> ===== Federal examiners plus observers ===== Till 2006 wey dem change de Act, Section 6 allow make dem appoint 'federal examiners' to check some area wey dey handle voter registration. Dem fit give federal examiners to any area if de attorney general talk say e fit do am. # Justice Ministry collect like 20 or more serious complaints wey say de area no gree make de residents vote sekof of race or if dem belong to minority language group; or # Dem need federal examiners to fit make sure say people go fit enjoy de voting rights wey dem promise for de Fourteenth or Fifteenth Amendments.<ref name="Observers2">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2007 |title=The Power of Observation: The Role of Federal Observers Under the Voting Rights Act |url=https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1100&context=mjrl |journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law |volume=13 |access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>{{rp|235–236}} Federal examiners get power to register voters, check voter registration applications, plus keep voter rolls.<ref name="Observers3">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2007 |title=The Power of Observation: The Role of Federal Observers Under the Voting Rights Act |url=https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1100&context=mjrl |journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law |volume=13 |access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>{{rp|237}} De aim of dis federal examiner ting na to stop areas from denying protected minorities de right to vote by doing bad tings for voter registration, like saying no to qualified people, deleting qualified voters from rolls, plus de reduce de time wey people fit register. Dem use federal examiners plenty after de Act come out, but as time pass, e no dey matter like before; 1983 na de last year wey federal examiner register person to vote. For 2006, Congress stop dis provision.<ref name="Observers4">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2007 |title=The Power of Observation: The Role of Federal Observers Under the Voting Rights Act |url=https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1100&context=mjrl |journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law |volume=13 |access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>{{rp|238–239}} Insyde de Act wey de original plan dey, for any place wey dem don certify for federal examiners, de attorney general fit require make dem appoint "federal observers". By 2006, de federal examiner part don turn only for appointing federal observers.<ref name="Observers6">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2007 |title=The Power of Observation: The Role of Federal Observers Under the Voting Rights Act |url=https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1100&context=mjrl |journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law |volume=13 |access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>{{rp|239}} Wen Congress remove de federal examiner part for 2006, dem change Section 8 make e allow federal observers to go places wey fit de same certification wey dem use appoint federal examiners.{{rp|50}} Federal observers dey follow how poll workers and voters dey behave for polling places for de time of de election plus how election officials dey calculate ballots.<ref name="Observers7">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2007 |title=The Power of Observation: The Role of Federal Observers Under the Voting Rights Act |url=https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1100&context=mjrl |journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law |volume=13 |access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>{{rp|248}} Dem goal be make shore say minority voters fit participate by catching den write down any bad behavior wey fit happen, like election officials wey go deny qualified minority people demma right to vote, or if dem dey intimidate voters on election day, or if dem no dey count vote properly.<ref name="Observers8">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2007 |title=The Power of Observation: The Role of Federal Observers Under the Voting Rights Act |url=https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1100&context=mjrl |journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law |volume=13 |access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>{{rp|231–235}} De bad behavior wey federal observers catch fit also serve as proof for any court case later.<ref name="Observers9">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2007 |title=The Power of Observation: The Role of Federal Observers Under the Voting Rights Act |url=https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1100&context=mjrl |journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law |volume=13 |access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>{{rp|233}} Between 1965 plus de Supreme Court for 2013 strike down de coverage formula for Shelby County v. Holder, attorney general don certify 153 local governments for 11 states.<ref name="DOJobservers">{{cite web|title=About Federal Observers and Election Monitoring|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/examine/activ_exam.php|access-date=January 3, 2014|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice}}</ref> E be sekof of time plus resource wahala, federal observers no fit go every certified place for every election.<ref name="Observers10">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2007 |title=The Power of Observation: The Role of Federal Observers Under the Voting Rights Act |url=https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1100&context=mjrl |journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law |volume=13 |access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>{{rp|230}} Some other provisions allow certified places to 'bail out' from demma certification.<ref name="DOJobservers2">{{cite web|title=About Federal Observers and Election Monitoring|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/examine/activ_exam.php|access-date=January 3, 2014|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice}}</ref> ===== Bailout ===== For Section 4(a), any area wey dey covered fit ask for exemption wey dem dey call 'bailout.'<ref name="DOJsection53">{{cite web|title=About Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/sec_5/about.php|access-date=April 21, 2014|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice}}</ref> To get dis exemption, dem need to go meet three judges for de D.C. District Court wey go judge say dem fit bail out. Originally, if any area no use any test or method wey dey discriminate insyde de 5 years wey dem dey request for bailout, e go qualify to bail out.<ref name="RevisedBailout7">{{cite journal |last=Williamson |first=Richard A. |year=1984 |title=The 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act: A Statutory Analysis of the Revised Bailout Provisions |url=http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |url-status=dead |journal=Washington University Law Review |volume=62 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060158/http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |access-date=August 29, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|22, 33–34}} So, any place wey wan bail out for 1967 go need show say dem no misuse any test or device since at least 1962. Until 1970, dem wey covered go really need prove say dem no misuse any test since before de law come out five years earlier for 1965,<ref name="RevisedBailout8">{{cite journal |last=Williamson |first=Richard A. |year=1984 |title=The 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act: A Statutory Analysis of the Revised Bailout Provisions |url=http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |url-status=dead |journal=Washington University Law Review |volume=62 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060158/http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |access-date=August 29, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|6}} wey make am hard for plenty places wey dem cover to bail out.<ref name="RevisedBailout9">{{cite journal |last=Williamson |first=Richard A. |year=1984 |title=The 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act: A Statutory Analysis of the Revised Bailout Provisions |url=http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |url-status=dead |journal=Washington University Law Review |volume=62 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060158/http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |access-date=August 29, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|27}} But, Section 4(a) still talk say places wey dem cover no fit use any tests or devices anyhow, even dem no fit misbehave; so under de original law, dem fit bail out for 1970 just by following this rule. But as dem dey change de law for 1970 plus 1975 to add special rules, Congress also increase de time wey covered places must no misuse test to 10 years and then to 17 years, respectively.<ref name="RevisedBailout10">{{cite journal |last=Williamson |first=Richard A. |year=1984 |title=The 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act: A Statutory Analysis of the Revised Bailout Provisions |url=http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |url-status=dead |journal=Washington University Law Review |volume=62 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060158/http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |access-date=August 29, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|7, 9}} Dis extensions still make dem show say dem no use test or device anyhow since dem pass di Act for 1965. For 1982, Congress change Section 4(a) so e go dey easier to do bailout for two ways. First, dem talk say if state dey cover, local governments for that state fit bail out even if state no fit bail out. Second, dem soft de eligibility rules by changing de 17-year rule to new one, so any place wey dey cover fit bail out if dem fit show say for de last 10 years before dem ask for bailout: # De jurisdiction no use any test or device wey go discriminate or get bad effect; # No court don talk say dem deny or take away voting right sekof of race or language minority matter; # De jurisdiction de comply with de preclearance requirement; # De federal government no assign federal examiners to de jurisdiction; # De jurisdiction don kukuma stop all di wahala wey dey make dem do election wey no fair; plus # De jurisdiction don take serious action to stop voter fear plus make voting easier for de minorities dem de protect. Also, Congress talk say any place wey wan collect bailout go show proof of how minority people dey register den vote, plus how e don change over time compare to majority people. If court find say dem fit collect de bailout, dem go give judgment wey go favor dem. Court go still dey oversee matters for de next 10 years plus fit put dem back under coverage if dem still dey do voting discrimination.<ref name="RevisedBailout11">{{cite journal |last=Williamson |first=Richard A. |year=1984 |title=The 1982 Amendments to the Voting Rights Act: A Statutory Analysis of the Revised Bailout Provisions |url=http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |url-status=dead |journal=Washington University Law Review |volume=62 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060158/http://digitalcommons.law.wustl.edu/lawreview/vol62/iss1/2/ |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |access-date=August 29, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|22–23}}<ref name="VRA-4(a)">Voting Rights Act of 1965 § 4(a); (formerly 42 U.S.C. § 1973b(a)(1)(F))</ref> De 1982 change wey dem make for bailout eligibility start to work on August 5, 1984. From that time till 2013, 196 places don bail out through 38 bailout moves; each time, attorney general gree for de bailout request.<ref name="DOJbrief3">{{cite web|title=Brief for the Federal Respondent, Shelby County v. Holder, 2013 United States Supreme Court Briefs No. 12-96|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/app/briefs/shelbymerits.pdf|access-date=December 8, 2013|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice}}</ref>{{rp|54}} From that time till 2009, all de places wey bail out dey for Virginia. For 2009, one municipal utility place for Texas bail out after Supreme Court de Supreme Court's opinion in ''[[:en:Northwest_Austin_Municipal_Utility_District_No._1_v._Holder|Northwest Austin Municipal Utility District No. 1 v. Holder]]'' (2009),<ref name="NW2">''Northwest Austin Municipal Utility District No. 1 v. Holder'', {{ussc|557|193|2009|source=f}}</ref> talk say local governments wey no register voters fit bail out.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/23/us/23scotus.html|title=Justices Let Stand a Central Provision of Voting Rights Act|last=Liptak|first=Adam|date=June 23, 2009|work=The New York Times|access-date=June 22, 2009}}</ref> After dis ruling, jurisdictions don succeed for at least 20 bailout moves before Supreme Court talk say de coverage formula be unconstitutional for Shelby County case (2013).<ref name="DOJbrief2">{{cite web|title=Brief for the Federal Respondent, Shelby County v. Holder, 2013 United States Supreme Court Briefs No. 12-96|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/app/briefs/shelbymerits.pdf|access-date=December 8, 2013|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice}}</ref>{{rp|54}} Separate rules fit allow any area wey don get federal observers to waka comot from dem certification alone. Under Section 13, attorney general fit cancel that area certification if 1) more than 50 percent of de area minority wey fit vote don register, plus 2) dem no dey see any reason say de people go face voting wahala again. Another option be say de District Court for D.C. fit order dem make dem cancel de certification.<ref name="Observers5">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2007 |title=The Power of Observation: The Role of Federal Observers Under the Voting Rights Act |url=https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1100&context=mjrl |journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law |volume=13 |access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>{{rp|237, 239}}<ref name="DOJobservers3">{{cite web|title=About Federal Observers and Election Monitoring|url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/examine/activ_exam.php|access-date=January 3, 2014|publisher=U.S. Department of Justice}}</ref> ===== Tings wey Bilingual election dey require ===== Two laws dey require some places to give election materials to voters for different languages: Section 4(f)(4) plus Section 203(c). Any place wey dey under dis law must provide all de materials wey concern election—like voter registration tings, ballots, notices, plus instructions—for de language of any minority group wey dey live insyde de jurisdiction.<ref name="enfranchise4">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2006 |title=Enfranchising Language Minority Citizens: The Bilingual Election Provisions of the Voting Rights Act |url=http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=New York University Journal of Legislation and Public Policy |volume=10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020111915/http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |archive-date=October 20, 2013 |access-date=January 3, 2014}}</ref> Dis language minority groups wey dis law protect be Asian Americans, Hispanics, Native Americans, plus Native Alaskans.<ref>Voting Rights Act of 1965 § 4(f)(4); (formerly 42 U.S.C. § 1973b(f)(4))</ref> Congress bring dis laws to clear language wahala plus fight against language discrimination wey dey affect de groups dem de protect.<ref name="enfranchise5">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2006 |title=Enfranchising Language Minority Citizens: The Bilingual Election Provisions of the Voting Rights Act |url=http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=New York University Journal of Legislation and Public Policy |volume=10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020111915/http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |archive-date=October 20, 2013 |access-date=January 3, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|200, 209}} Section 4(f)(4) dey apply to any area wey Section 4(b) formula fit cover wey more than five percent of people wey fit vote sabi one language wey no plenty. Section 203(c) get one formula wey no be de same as Section 4(b), so places wey only fall under 203(c) no go dey face de Act other special rules, like preclearance. Section 203(c) formula dey cover areas wey dis conditions dey: One small language group dey wey no sabi English pass di whole country; plus Either: a. De number of people wey no too sabi English for dis group be at least 10,000 wey fit vote or e big enough make e be at least five percent of di voters for di area; or b. De area be political zone wey get Indian reservation, and more than five percent of di American Indian or Alaska Native wey fit vote na members of one language group wey no sabi English well.<ref name="GAO782">{{cite journal |last1=Staats |first1=Elmer B. |date=February 6, 1978 |title=Voting Rights Act: Enforcement Needs Strengthening |url=http://www.gao.gov/products/GGD-78-19 |journal=Report of the Comptroller General of the United States |issue=GGD-78-19 |access-date=October 27, 2013}}</ref>: 223–224  Section 203(b) talk say 'limited-English proficient' be those wey no fit speak or understand English well enough to join de electoral process.<ref name="enfranchise7">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2006 |title=Enfranchising Language Minority Citizens: The Bilingual Election Provisions of the Voting Rights Act |url=http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=New York University Journal of Legislation and Public Policy |volume=10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020111915/http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |archive-date=October 20, 2013 |access-date=January 3, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|223}} Dem go check wetin jurisdictions fit meet Section 203(c) criteria every ten years after dem finish de decennial census; na dat time dem go fit add new jurisdictions wey go dey under coverage plus some fit lose demma coverage. Plus, under Section 203(d), any jurisdiction fit try ‘bail out’ from Section 203(c) coverage if dem fit show for court say no language minority group for demma area dey suffer higher English illiteracy rate pass national rate.<ref name="enfranchise8">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2006 |title=Enfranchising Language Minority Citizens: The Bilingual Election Provisions of the Voting Rights Act |url=http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=New York University Journal of Legislation and Public Policy |volume=10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020111915/http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |archive-date=October 20, 2013 |access-date=January 3, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|226}} After 2010 census, dem cover 150 places for 25 states under Section 203(c), plus California, Texas, den Florida dey whole state level.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Groves |first=Robert M. |date=October 13, 2011 |title=Voting Rights Act Amendments of 2006, Determinations Under Section 203 |url=https://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/sec_203/2011_notice.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Federal Register |volume=76 |issue=198 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140123073336/http://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/sec_203/2011_notice.pdf |archive-date=January 23, 2014 |access-date=February 23, 2017}}</ref> == Impact == [[File:Voting_Rights_Act_-_last_page_(hi-res).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Voting_Rights_Act_-_last_page_(hi-res).jpg|alt=refer to caption|thumb|Final page of de Voting Rights Act of 1965, signed by United States President [[:en:Lyndon_B._Johnson|Lyndon B. Johnson]], President of de Senate [[:en:Hubert_Humphrey|Hubert Humphrey]], plus Speaker of de House [[:en:John_William_McCormack|John McCormack]]]] De Voting Rights Act really change the game, o. By de end of 1965 , dem don register quarter million new Black voters, e be federal examiners wey help with one-third of dem. By 1966, only four out of 13 southern states fit say less than 50 percent African Americans don register to vote.<ref name="NARA20220208VRA19652">{{cite web|date=February 8, 2022|title=Milestone Documents: Voting Rights Act (1965)|url=https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/voting-rights-act|access-date=November 4, 2023|publisher=[[National Archives and Records Administration]]}}</ref> Wen dem pass de law for 1965, e make racial discrimination for voting reduce sharp. As dem stop literacy tests plus bring federal examiners and observers, plenty people wey be racial minorities fit register to vote.<ref name="NewDenial4">{{cite journal |last=Tokaji |first=Daniel P. |year=2006 |title=The New Vote Denial: Where Election Reform Meets the Voting Rights Act |journal=South Carolina Law Review |volume=57 |ssrn=896786}}</ref> {{rp|702}} Almost 250,000 African Americans don register for 1965, plus one-third of dem na federal examiners make am happen. For de areas wey dem cover, less than one-third (29.3 percent) of de African American pipo don register for 1965; by 1967, de number don increase to more than half (52.1 percent),<ref name="NewDenial5">{{cite journal |last=Tokaji |first=Daniel P. |year=2006 |title=The New Vote Denial: Where Election Reform Meets the Voting Rights Act |journal=South Carolina Law Review |volume=57 |ssrn=896786}}</ref> plus plenty African American pipo don register to vote for 9 out of 13 Southern states. E come be like say more African Americans dey enter office: between 1965 plus 1985, de number wey dem elect as state legislators for de 11 former Confederate states jump from 3 to 176.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Grofman |first1=Bernard |last2=Handley |first2=Lisa |date=February 1991 |title=The Impact of the Voting Rights Act on Black Representation in Southern State Legislatures |url=http://www.socsci.uci.edu/~bgrofman/40%20Grofman-Handley-Impact%20of%20VRA%20on%20representation.pdf |journal=Legislative Studies Quarterly |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=111 |jstor=439970 |access-date=January 5, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|112}}Nationwide, de number of African American wey dey run for office increase from 1,469 for 1970 to 4,912 for 1980.<ref name="Main2">{{cite journal |last=Pitts |first=Michael J. |year=2008 |title=The Voting Rights Act and the Era of Maintenance |journal=Alabama Law Review |volume=59 |ssrn=1105115}}</ref>{{rp|919}} By 2011, e don reach around 10,500.<ref>{{cite news|last=Eilperin|first=Juliet|title=What's Changed for African Americans Since 1963, By the Numbers|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2013/08/22/whats-changed-for-african-americans-since-1963-by-the-numbers|access-date=January 5, 2014|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=August 22, 2013}}</ref> E get as language minority groups also dey register well-well when Congress bring bilingual election law for 1975 and change am for 1992. For 1973, the percent of Hispanics wey don register to vote na 34.9 percent; by 2006, dat one near double. The number of Asian Americans wey don register for vote in 1996 increase by 58 percent by 2006.<ref name="enfranchise6">{{cite journal |last=Tucker |first=James Thomas |year=2006 |title=Enfranchising Language Minority Citizens: The Bilingual Election Provisions of the Voting Rights Act |url=http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=New York University Journal of Legislation and Public Policy |volume=10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020111915/http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/TUCKER-ENFRANCHISING-LANGUAGE-MINORITY-CITIZENS-TEH-BILINGUAL-ELECTION-PROVISIONS-OF-THE-VOTING-RIGHTS-ACT.pdf |archive-date=October 20, 2013 |access-date=January 3, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|233–235}} After de Act start work well to help stop dem wey dey try make minorities no fit vote, de Act come turn be like hammer wey people dey use to fight against racial vote dilution.<ref name="NewDenial6">{{cite journal |last=Tokaji |first=Daniel P. |year=2006 |title=The New Vote Denial: Where Election Reform Meets the Voting Rights Act |journal=South Carolina Law Review |volume=57 |ssrn=896786}}</ref>{{rp|691}} From de 1970s, de attorney general dey always raise Section 5 wahala anytime dem dey change how people go vote wey go make minority votes no count well, like when dem dey carry land join some places, change de voting boundaries, plus dem election methods like at-large elections, runoff requirements, plus banning bullet voting<ref name="Posner3">{{cite journal |last=Posner |first=Mark A. |year=2006 |title=The Real Story Behind the Justice Department's Implementation of Section 5 of the VRA: Vigorous Enforcement, As Intended by Congress |url=http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/djclpp/vol1/iss1/2/ |journal=Duke Journal of Constitutional Law & Public Policy |volume=1 |issue=1 |access-date=November 30, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|105–106}} All together, 81 percent (2,541) of de preclearance wahala wey happen between 1965 plus 2006 na based on vote dilution.<ref name="Posner4">{{cite journal |last=Posner |first=Mark A. |year=2006 |title=The Real Story Behind the Justice Department's Implementation of Section 5 of the VRA: Vigorous Enforcement, As Intended by Congress |url=http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/djclpp/vol1/iss1/2/ |journal=Duke Journal of Constitutional Law & Public Policy |volume=1 |issue=1 |access-date=November 30, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|102}} Claims wey dem bring under Section 2 dey mostly concern how dem dey dilute votes.<ref name="NewDenial7">{{cite journal |last=Tokaji |first=Daniel P. |year=2006 |title=The New Vote Denial: Where Election Reform Meets the Voting Rights Act |journal=South Carolina Law Review |volume=57 |ssrn=896786}}</ref>{{rp|708–709}} From when dem create Section 2 results test for 1982 till 2006, at least 331 Section 2 cases don result wey dem publish judicial opinions. For the 1980s, 60 percent of Section 2 cases dey challenge at-large election systems; for the 1990s, 37.2 percent dey challenge at-large systems and 38.5 percent dey challenge redistricting plans. Overall, plaintiffs wey win, na 37.2 percent out of the 331 cases, and dem dey more likely to win cases wey dem bring against covered jurisdictions.<ref name="documenting">{{cite journal |last1=Katz |first1=Ellen |last2=Aisenbrey |first2=Margaret |last3=Baldwin |first3=Anna |last4=Cheuse |first4=Emma |last5=Weisbrodt |first5=Anna |year=2006 |title=Documenting Discrimination in Voting: Judicial Findings Under Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act |journal=University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform |volume=39 |ssrn=1029386}}</ref>{{rp|654–656}} Wen dem give chance for racial minorities, de Act make de Democratic and Republican parties realign. From 1890 to 1965, dem take Black disenfranchisement make de Democratic Party dey run tinz for South area. After Johnson sign de Act, de new Black voters wey get chance start dey ginger de Democratic Party to shift left for de South; dis one make de Southern white conservatives change dem mind from Democratic go Republican party.<ref name="polar">{{cite journal |last=Pildes |first=Richard H. |date=April 2011 |title=Why the Center Does Not Hold: The Causes of Hyperpolarized Democracy in America |journal=California Law Review |volume=99 |ssrn=1646989}}</ref>{{rp|290}} Dis trend make de two parties dey polarize ideologically, wit de Democratic Party becoming more Liberal plus de Republican Party more Conservative.<ref name="polar2">{{cite journal |last=Pildes |first=Richard H. |date=April 2011 |title=Why the Center Does Not Hold: The Causes of Hyperpolarized Democracy in America |journal=California Law Review |volume=99 |ssrn=1646989}}</ref>{{rp|290}} Dem trends dey cause competition between de two parties,<ref name="polar4">{{cite journal |last=Pildes |first=Richard H. |date=April 2011 |title=Why the Center Does Not Hold: The Causes of Hyperpolarized Democracy in America |journal=California Law Review |volume=99 |ssrn=1646989}}</ref>{{rp|290}}  wey de Republicans take advantage by using de [[:en:Southern_strategy|Southern strategy]].<ref name="Boyd">{{cite news|title=Nixon's Southern Strategy: 'It's All in the Charts'|last=Boyd|first=James|date=May 17, 1970|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/packages/html/books/phillips-southern.pdf|access-date=August 2, 2008}}</ref> For de following decades, dem create majority-minority districts to fix de racial vote dilution wahala, wey also help dis matter. As dem dey pack de liberal-leaning minorities insyde small minority-majority districts, plenty surrounding districts turn more white, conservative, plus Republican. E be true sey dis one fit increase di number of minority representatives as dem plan am, but e also reduce de Democratic representation for white people and boost de Republicans overall.<ref name="polar3">{{cite journal |last=Pildes |first=Richard H. |date=April 2011 |title=Why the Center Does Not Hold: The Causes of Hyperpolarized Democracy in America |journal=California Law Review |volume=99 |ssrn=1646989}}</ref>{{rp|292}} By mid-1990s, dey trends come bring political change: Democratic Party plus Republican Party don dey divide well well, one dey liberal plus de other dey conservative; plus both dey fight for votes for de South,<ref name="polar5">{{cite journal |last=Pildes |first=Richard H. |date=April 2011 |title=Why the Center Does Not Hold: The Causes of Hyperpolarized Democracy in America |journal=California Law Review |volume=99 |ssrn=1646989}}</ref>{{rp|294}} with Republican Party dey hold most power for Southern politics.<ref name="Bending24">{{cite book|last=May|first=Gary|url=https://archive.org/details/bendingtowardjus0000mayg|title=Bending Toward Justice: The Voting Rights Act and the Transformation of American Democracy|date=April 9, 2013|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-01846-8|edition=Kindle|location=New York, NY|url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|203}} Research show say de Act really boost voter turnout plus voter registration, especially for African Americans.<ref name="Fresh-20182">{{Cite journal |last=Fresh |first=Adriane |date=February 23, 2018 |title=The Effect of the Voting Rights Act on Enfranchisement: Evidence from North Carolina |journal=The Journal of Politics |volume=80 |issue=2 |pages=713–718 |doi=10.1086/697592 |s2cid=158668168}}</ref><ref name="Ang-20192">{{Cite journal |last=Ang |first=Desmond |date=2019 |title=Do 40-Year-Old Facts Still Matter? Long-Run Effects of Federal Oversight under the Voting Rights Act |journal=American Economic Journal: Applied Economics |language=en |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=1–53 |doi=10.1257/app.20170572 |issn=1945-7782 |doi-access=free}}</ref> De act dey connect with real matter, like better public goods (like education) for areas wey get plenty black people, plus more members of Congress wey dey support civil rights law.<ref name="Schuit-20162">{{Cite journal |last1=Schuit |first1=Sophie |last2=Rogowski |first2=Jon C. |date=December 1, 2016 |title=Race, Representation, and the Voting Rights Act |journal=American Journal of Political Science |language=en |volume=61 |issue=3 |pages=513–526 |doi=10.1111/ajps.12284 |issn=1540-5907}}</ref><ref name="Cascio-20142">{{Cite journal |last1=Cascio |first1=Elizabeth U. |last2=Washington |first2=Ebonya |date=February 1, 2014 |title=Valuing the Vote: The Redistribution of Voting Rights and State Funds following the Voting Rights Act of 1965 |url=https://academic.oup.com/qje/article/129/1/379/1897098 |journal=The Quarterly Journal of Economics |language=en |volume=129 |issue=1 |pages=379–433 |doi=10.1093/qje/qjt028 |issn=0033-5533 |s2cid=617854}}</ref> One 2016 study for de American Journal of Political Science find say members of Congress wey represent areas wey get preclearance requirement dey show more support for civil rights law pass those wey no dey represent de covered areas.<ref name="Schuit-20163">{{Cite journal |last1=Schuit |first1=Sophie |last2=Rogowski |first2=Jon C. |date=December 1, 2016 |title=Race, Representation, and the Voting Rights Act |journal=American Journal of Political Science |language=en |volume=61 |issue=3 |pages=513–526 |doi=10.1111/ajps.12284 |issn=1540-5907}}</ref> One 2013 Quarterly Journal of Economics study show say de Act make more people go vote, plus e increase public goods wey state government dey give to places wey get more black population.<ref name="Cascio-20143">{{Cite journal |last1=Cascio |first1=Elizabeth U. |last2=Washington |first2=Ebonya |date=February 1, 2014 |title=Valuing the Vote: The Redistribution of Voting Rights and State Funds following the Voting Rights Act of 1965 |url=https://academic.oup.com/qje/article/129/1/379/1897098 |journal=The Quarterly Journal of Economics |language=en |volume=129 |issue=1 |pages=379–433 |doi=10.1093/qje/qjt028 |issn=0033-5533 |s2cid=617854}}</ref> For 2018 study wey com from De Journal of Politics, dem find say Section 5 of de 1965 Voting Rights Act help black people register to vote increase by 14–19 percent, white people by 10–13 percent, plus overall voter turnout increase by 10–19 percent. Additional results for Democratic vote share suggest say some of this turnout increase fit come from white people wey dey react.<ref name="Fresh-20183">{{Cite journal |last=Fresh |first=Adriane |date=February 23, 2018 |title=The Effect of the Voting Rights Act on Enfranchisement: Evidence from North Carolina |journal=The Journal of Politics |volume=80 |issue=2 |pages=713–718 |doi=10.1086/697592 |s2cid=158668168}}</ref> One study wey dem do for American Economic Journal for 2019 show say preclearance really make minority people turn out plenty, even reach 2012 (the year before Supreme Court ruling stop de preclearance).<ref name="Ang-20193">{{Cite journal |last=Ang |first=Desmond |date=2019 |title=Do 40-Year-Old Facts Still Matter? Long-Run Effects of Federal Oversight under the Voting Rights Act |journal=American Economic Journal: Applied Economics |language=en |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=1–53 |doi=10.1257/app.20170572 |issn=1945-7782 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dem estimate say preclearance bring 17 percentage points increase for minority turnout.<ref name="Ang-20194">{{Cite journal |last=Ang |first=Desmond |date=2019 |title=Do 40-Year-Old Facts Still Matter? Long-Run Effects of Federal Oversight under the Voting Rights Act |journal=American Economic Journal: Applied Economics |language=en |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=1–53 |doi=10.1257/app.20170572 |issn=1945-7782 |doi-access=free}}</ref> One study wey dey come from 2020 show say places wey don dey cover preclearance, their voter registration purges increase big time after that 2013 Supreme Court case, [[:en:Shelby_County_v._Holder|Shelby County v. Holder]], wey dem scatter di 'coverage formula' for Section 4(b) of di VRA wey dey determine which place suppose report dem changes for election for federal approval.<ref name="Feder-20202">{{Cite journal |last1=Feder |first1=Catalina |last2=Miller |first2=Michael G. |date=June 1, 2020 |title=Voter Purges After Shelby: Part of Special Symposium on Election Sciences |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1532673X20916426 |journal=American Politics Research |language=en-US |volume=48 |issue=6 |pages=687–692 |doi=10.1177/1532673x20916426 |issn=1532-673X |s2cid=221131969 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210105160727/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1532673X20916426 |archive-date=January 5, 2021}}</ref> Another study wey come from 2020 talk say VRA coverage fit cut di chances and start of political wahala by half.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lacroix |first=Jean |date=April 13, 2020 |title=Ballots instead of Bullets? The effect of the Voting Rights Act on political violence |url=https://ideas.repec.org/p/sol/wpaper/2013-304198.html |journal=Working Papers CEB |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231022202116/https://ideas.repec.org/p/sol/wpaper/2013-304198.html |archive-date=October 22, 2023}}</ref> ==Constitutionality== ===Voter eligibility provisions=== Early for de history of enforcement of de Act, de Supreme Court of de United States be rather quick to address both de constitutionality of de Act for ein entirety as well as de constitutionality of several provisions wey dey relate to voter qualifications den prerequisites to voting. During de following year, for 1966, two legal cases dem adjudicate by de Court regarding de Act. On de seventh day of March, for de landmark case of ''South Carolina v. Katzenbach'' (1966), de Supreme Court hold say de Voting Rights Act of 1965 be constitutional method to enforce de Fifteenth Amendment. A few months later, on de thirteenth day of June, de Supreme Court hold say section 4(e) of de Voting Rights Act of 1965 be constitutional for de case of ''Katzenbach v. Morgan'' (1966). Dis section dey prohibit jurisdictions from administering literacy tests to citizens wey attain sixth-grade education for American school for wey de predominant language be Spanish, such as schools for Puerto Rico.<ref>Voting Rights Act of 1965 § 4(e); (formerly 42 U.S.C. § 1973b(e))</ref> Although de Court don earlier hold say literacy tests no violate de Fourteenth Amendment, for de case of ''Lassiter v. Northampton County Board of Elections'' (1959), de Katzenbach-Morgan case allow Congress to enforce Fourteenth Amendment rights—such as de right to vote—by prohibiting conduct wey e deem to interfere plus such rights, even if dat conduct no go be independently unconstitutional.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Buss |first=William G. |date=January 1998 |title=Federalism, Separation of Powers, and the Demise of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/ilr83&div=19 |journal=Iowa Law Review |volume=83 |access-date=January 7, 2014}} </ref>{{rp|405–406}}<ref>''Katzenbach v. Morgan'', </ref>{{rp|652–656}} After Congress create nationwide ban on all literacy tests den similar devices for 1970, for de case of ''Oregon v. Mitchell'' (1970), de Supreme Court uphold de ban as being constitutional.<ref name=Defending>{{cite journal|last=Tokaji|first=Daniel P.|title=Intent and Its Alternatives: Defending the New Voting Rights Act|journal=Alabama Law Review|year=2006|volume=58|url=http://www.law.ua.edu/pubs/lrarticles/Volume%2058/Issue%202/tokaji.pdf|access-date=January 7, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|353}} <ref name=Oregon>''Oregon v. Mitchell'', {{ussc|400|112|1970}}</ref> For dat case, de Court sanso address de constitutionality of various oda provisions wey dey relate to voter qualifications den prerequisites to voting; de Court uphold Section 202 of de 1965 law, wey dey prohibit every state den local government from requiring people to live for dema borders for longer dan 30 days before allowing dem to vote for presidential election. Additionally, de Court uphold de provision wey dey lower de minimum voting age to 18 years for federal elections, but e hold say Congress exceed ein power by lowering de voting age to 18 for state elections; dis precipitate de ratification of de Twenty-sixth Amendment de following year, wey lower de voting age for all elections from 21 years to 18 years for age. De Court be deeply divide for de Oregon-Mitchell case den majority of de justices no agree on one rationale for de holding.<ref name=Defending />{{rp|353}}<ref name=Oregon />{{rp|118–121}} ===Section 2 results test=== De question of constitutionality regarding section 2 of de Voting Rights Act of 1965, wey get general prohibition on discriminatory voting laws, no be definitively explain by de Supreme Court. As amend for 1982, section 2 dey prohibit any voting practice wey get discriminatory effect, irrespective of whether de practice be enact or be administer for de purpose of discriminating. Dis "results test" contrast plus de Fourteenth den Fifteenth Amendments, both of wey directly prohibit only purposeful discrimination. Given dis disparity, whether de Supreme Court go uphold de constitutionality of section 2 as appropriate legislation wey dem pass to enforce de Fourteenth den Fifteenth Amendments, den under wetin rationale, remain unclear.<ref name=democracy>{{cite book|last1=Issacharoff|first1=Samuel|last2=Karlan|first2=Pamela S.|last3=Pildes|first3=Richard H.|title=The Law of Democracy: Legal Structure of the Political Process|url=https://archive.org/details/lawofdemocracyle0000issa_z3g4|year=2012|publisher=Foundation Press|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-1-59941-935-0|edition=4th}}</ref>{{rp|758–759}} For ''Mississippi Republican Executive Opinion v. Brooks'' (1984),<ref>''Mississippi Republican Executive Opinion v. Brooks'', {{ussc|469|1002|1984}}</ref> de Supreme Court summarily affirm, without written opinion, lower court ein decision say 1982 amendment to section 2 be constitutional.<ref>{{cite news| title=Court Backs Voting Plan| first=Al| last=Kamen| date=November 14, 1984| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1984/11/14/court-backs-voting-plan/0591488a-04a4-4efa-aca3-3599338bcc59/| newspaper=The Washington Post| access-date=June 30, 2017}}</ref> Justice Rehnquist, join by Chief Justice Burger, dissent from de opinion. Dem reason say de case present complex constitutional issues wey warrant full hearing. When making later decisions, de Supreme Court be more likely to disregard previous judgment if e lack written opinion, but for lower courts de Supreme Court ein unwritten summary affirmances be as binding as be Supreme Court judgments plus written opinions. Partially due to ''Brooks'', de constitutionality of de section 2 results test don since be unanimously uphold by lower courts.<ref name=democracy />{{rp|759–760}} De case of ''Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee'' (2021) evaluate de applicability of section 2 of de 1965 law for de wake of de decision for de case of ''Shelby County v. Holder'' (2013). De Democratic National Committee assert set of Arizona election laws den policies be discriminatory towards Hispanics den Native Americans under section 2 of de Voting Rights Act of 1965. While lower courts uphold de election laws, an ''en banc'' Ninth Circuit reverse de decision den find dese laws to be for violation of section 2 of de 1965 law.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-court-ballots-idUSKBN2AO18L | title = U.S. Supreme Court set to weigh Republican-backed voting restrictions | first = Andrew | last = Chung | date= February 24, 2021 | access-date = February 28, 2021 | publisher = Reuters |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227215018/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-court-ballots-idUSKBN2AO18L|archive-date=February 27, 2021}}</ref> De Arizona law be uphold by de Supreme Court after e introduce de means to review section 2 challenges.<ref name="npr decision">{{cite web | url = https://www.npr.org/2021/07/01/998758022/the-supreme-court-upheld-upholds-arizona-measures-that-restrict-voting | title = The Supreme Court Deals A New Blow To Voting Rights, Upholding Arizona Restrictions | first = Nina | last= Totenberg | date = July 1, 2021 | access-date = July 1, 2021 | work = [[NPR]]|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210707042252/https://www.npr.org/2021/07/01/998758022/the-supreme-court-upheld-upholds-arizona-measures-that-restrict-voting?t=1625631699560|archive-date=July 7, 2021 }}</ref><ref name="20210701NYTLiptak">{{cite news |last1=Liptak |first1=Adam |title=Supreme Court Upholds Arizona Voting Restrictions |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/01/us/politics/supreme-court-arizona-voting-restrictions.html |access-date=July 7, 2021 |work=The New York Times |date=July 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707045129/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/01/us/politics/supreme-court-arizona-voting-restrictions.html |archive-date=July 7, 2021}}</ref><ref name="abcnews decision">{{cite web | url = https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/supreme-court-upholds-arizona-restrictions-major-voting-rights/story?id=78182724 | title = Supreme Court upholds Arizona restrictions in major voting rights, racial discrimination case | first= Devin | last =Dywer | date = July 1, 2021 | access-date = July 1, 2021 | work = [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707042534/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/supreme-court-upholds-arizona-restrictions-major-voting-rights/story?id=78182724|archive-date=July 7, 2021 }}</ref> ===Coverage formula and preclearance=== De Supreme Court don uphold de constitutionality of de Section 5 preclearance requirement for three cases. De first case be ''South Carolina v. Katzenbach'' (1966),<ref name=SCvK>''South Carolina v. Katzenbach'', {{ussc|383|301|1966}}</ref> wey dem decide about five months after de Act ein enactment. De court hold say Section 5 constitute valid use of Congress ein power to enforce de Fifteenth Amendment, reasoning say "exceptional circumstances" of pervasive racial discrimination, combine plus de inadequacy of case-by-case litigation for ending dat discrimination, justify de preclearance requirement.<ref name=SCvK />{{rp|334–335}}<ref name=TimeStill>{{cite journal|last=Posner|first=Mark A.|title=Time is Still on Its Side: Why Congressional Reauthorization of Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act Represents a Congruent and Proportional Response to Our Nation's History of Discrimination in Voting|journal=New York University Journal of Legislation and Public Policy|year=2006|volume=10|url=http://www.nyujlpp.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/POSNER-TIME-IS-STILL-ON-ITS-SIDE.pdf|access-date=December 14, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|76}} De court sanso uphold de constitutionality of de 1965 coverage formula, talking say e be "rational for both practice den theory" den say de bailout provision provide adequate relief for jurisdictions wey no go deserve coverage.<ref name=SCvK />{{rp|330}}<ref name=TimeStill />{{rp|76–77}} De Supreme Court again uphold de preclearance requirement for ''City of Rome v. United States'' (1980).<ref name=Rome>''City of Rome v. United States'', {{ussc|446|156|1980}}</ref> De court hold say because Congress get explicit constitutional power to enforce de Reconstruction Amendments "by appropriate legislation", de Act no violate principles of federalism. De court sanso explicitly uphold de "discriminatory effect" prong of Section 5, stating say even though de Fifteenth Amendment directly prohibit only intentional discrimination, Congress fi constitutionally prohibit unintentional discrimination to mitigate de risk say jurisdictions go engage for intentional discrimination. Finally, de court uphold de 1975 extension of Section 5 because of de record of discrimination wey continue to persist for de covered jurisdictions. De court further suggest say de temporary nature of de special provisions be relevant to Section 5 ein constitutionality.<ref name=TimeStill />{{rp|77–78}} De final case for wey de Supreme Court uphold Section 5 be ''Lopez v. Monterey County'' (''Lopez II'', 1999).<ref name=Lopez2>''Lopez v. Monterey County'' (''Lopez II''), {{ussc|525|266|1999}}</ref> For ''Lopez II'', de court reiterate ein reasoning for ''Katzenbach'' den ''Rome'', den e uphold as constitutional de requirement say covered local governments obtain preclearance before implementing voting changes wey dema parent state require dem to implement, even if de parent state no be itself covered jurisdiction.<ref name=TimeStill />{{rp|78}}<ref>{{cite journal|last=Harper|first=Charlotte Marx|title=Lopez v. Monterey County: A Remedy Gone Too Far?|journal=Baylor Law Review|date=2000|volume=52|url=http://0-www.heinonline.org.polar.onu.edu/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/baylr52&size=2&collection=journals&index=journals/baylr1&id=1|access-date=May 24, 2014}}</ref>{{rp|447}} De 2006 extension of Section 5 be challenge before de Supreme Court for ''Northwest Austin Municipal Utility District No. 1 v. Holder'' (2009).<ref name=NW>''Northwest Austin Municipal Utility District No. 1 v. Holder'', {{ussc|557|193|2009|source=f}}</ref> De lawsuit be bring by municipal water district for Texas wey elect members to water board. De District wish to move voting location from private home to public school, but dat change be subject to preclearance because Texas be covered jurisdiction. De District no register voters, den thus e no appear to qualify as "political subdivision" wey eligible to bail out of coverage. Although de court indicate for dicta (non-binding part of de court ein opinion) say Section 5 present difficult constitutional questions, e no declare Section 5 unconstitutional; instead, e interpret de law to allow any covered local government, including one wey no register voters, to obtain exemption from preclearance if e meet de bailout requirements.<ref>{{cite news|last=Liptak|first=Adam|title=Justices Retain Oversight by U.S. on Voting|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/23/us/23scotus.html|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=January 21, 2014|date=June 22, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Bravin, Jess |title=Supreme Court Avoids Voting-Rights Act Fight |url=https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB124567014181036773 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |date=June 23, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307161816/https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB124567014181036773 |archive-date=March 7, 2014 |access-date=May 19, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> For 5–4 decision for ''Shelby County v. Holder'' (2013),<ref name=supremes>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2013/02/27/the-supreme-court-voting-rights-act-case-explained/|title=Everything You Need to Know about the Supreme Court Voting Rights Act Case|author=Sean Sullivan|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=February 27, 2013|access-date=February 27, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130228053644/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2013/02/27/the-supreme-court-voting-rights-act-case-explained/|archive-date=February 28, 2013}}</ref> de Supreme Court strike down Section 4(b) as unconstitutional.<ref name="shelby">''Shelby County v. Holder'', {{ussc|link=https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/570/12-96/|volume=570|year=2014|docket=12–96}}</ref><ref name="rolls back">{{cite magazine| url=https://swampland.time.com/2013/06/25/high-court-rolls-back-the-voting-rights-act-of-1965/ | title=High Court Rolls Back the Voting Rights Act of 1965 | magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] | date=June 25, 2013| access-date=June 25, 2013 | author=Von Drehle, David|author-link=David Von Drehle}}</ref> De court reason say de coverage formula violate de constitutional principles of "equal sovereignty of de states" den federalism because ein disparate treatment of de states be "based on 40 year-old facts wey get no logical relationship to de present day", rendering de formula outdated.<ref name="shelby" /> De court no strike down Section 5, but without Section 4(b), no jurisdiction go be subject to Section 5 preclearance unless Congress enact new coverage formula.<ref name="scotusblogplain" /> After de decision, several states wey be fully or partially covered—including Texas, Mississippi, North Carolina, den South Carolina—implement laws wey be previously deny preclearance. Dis prompt new legal challenges to dese laws under oda provisions wey unaffect by de court ein decision, such as Section 2.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Wilson, McKenzie|title=Piercing the Umbrella: The Dangerous Paradox of Shelby County v. Holder|journal=Seton Hall Legislative Journal|date=2015|volume=39|url=https://scholarship.shu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1081&context=shlj|access-date=April 13, 2019}}</ref>{{rp|189–200}} Research don show say de coverage formula den de requirement of preclearance substantially increase turnout among racial minorities, even as far as de year before ''Shelby County''.<ref name="Ang-2019" /> Chaw jurisdictions wey don previously be cover by de coverage formula increase de rate of voter registration purges after ''Shelby County''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Feder|first1=Catalina|last2=Miller|first2=Michael G.|date=2020|title=Voter Purges After Shelby|journal=American Politics Research|language=en-US|volume=48|issue=6|pages=687–692|doi=10.1177/1532673x20916426|issn=1532-673X|s2cid=221131969}}</ref> On July 1, 2021, de Act ein preclearance requirements be further weaken for de state den local level following de ''Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee'' for 6-3 Supreme Court ruling wey hold say Section 2 preclearance provisions no fi apply to out-of-precinct voting or ballot collecting.<ref name=section2less /><ref name=2021supremecourt /> ===Racial gerrymandering=== While Section 2 den Section 5 dey prohibit jurisdictions from drawing electoral districts wey dilute de votes of protected minorities, de Supreme Court don hold say for chaw instances, de Equal Protection Clause of de Fourteenth Amendment dey prevent jurisdictions from drawing district lines to favor protected minorities. De court first recognize de justiciability of affirmative "racial gerrymandering" claims for ''Shaw v. Reno'' (1993).<ref name=Shaw>''Shaw v. Reno'' (''Shaw I''), {{ussc|509|630|1993}}</ref> For ''Miller v. Johnson'' (1995),<ref name=Miller>''Miller v. Johnson'', {{ussc|515|900|1995}}</ref> de court explain say redistricting plan be constitutionally suspect if de jurisdiction use race as de "predominant factor" for determining how to draw district lines. For race to "predominate", de jurisdiction must prioritize racial considerations over traditional redistricting principles, wey include "compactness, contiguity, [and] respect for political subdivisions or communities wey define by actual shared interests."<ref name=Miller />{{rp|916}}<ref name=RacialGerrymander>{{cite journal|last=Ebaugh|first=Nelson|title=Refining the Racial Gerrymandering Claim: Bush v. Vera|journal=Tulsa Law Journal|year=1997|volume=33|issue=2|url=http://digitalcommons.law.utulsa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2136&context=tlr|access-date=December 30, 2013}}</ref>{{rp|621}} If court conclude say racial considerations predominate, den de redistricting plan be consider "racially gerrymander" den must be subject to strict scrutiny, meaning say de redistricting plan go be uphold as constitutional only if e be narrowly tailor to advance compelling state interest. For ''Bush v. Vera'' (1996),<ref>''Bush v. Vera'', {{ussc|517|952|1996}}</ref>{{rp|983}} plurality of de Supreme Court assume say complying plus Section 2 or Section 5 constitute compelling interests, den lower courts don allow only dese two interests to justify racial gerrymandering.<ref name=democracy />{{rp|877}} ===Standing=== De standing requirements of de VRA be question for de 2023 case ''Arkansas State Conference NAACP v. Arkansas Board of Apportionment'', launch by de NAACP to challenge de redistricting maps on de basis dem dilute black votes. While chaw previous challenges to redistricting under de VRA don be bring by groups like de NAACP or voters within de state, de Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals hold, 2-1, for November 2023, say strict reading of de VRA no permit private rights of action, den only de United States Attorney General get standing to bring challenges. Such ruling, if uphold, get significant potential to upend chaw existing den current redistricting challenges under Section 2 of de VRA, according to legal scholars.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/federal-court-guts-voting-rights-act-denying-citizens-groups-right-sue-rcna126023 | title = Federal court threatens to deal a death blow to the Voting Rights Act | first = Jane | last = Timm | date = November 20, 2023 | accessdate = November 20, 2023 | work = NBC News }}</ref> ==Check am too== ===== Federal laws ===== * [[:en:National_Voter_Registration_Act_of_1993|National Voter Registration Act of 1993]] (NVRA) * [[:en:Help_America_Vote_Act|Help America Vote Act]] (HAVA) * [[:en:Uniformed_and_Overseas_Citizens_Absentee_Voting_Act|Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act]] (UOCAVA) * [[:en:Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964|Civil Rights Act of 1964]] ===== Attempted federal legislation ===== * [[:en:For_the_People_Act|For the People Act]] (2019 and 2021) * [[:en:John_Lewis_Voting_Rights_Act|John Lewis Voting Rights Act]] (2019 and 2021) ===== State laws ===== * [[:en:State_Voting_Rights_Act|State Voting Rights Act]] * [[:en:California_Voting_Rights_Act|California Voting Rights Act]] * [[:en:Voting_Rights_Act_of_Virginia|Voting Rights Act of Virginia]] * [[:en:John_R._Lewis_Voting_Rights_Act_of_New_York|John R. Lewis Voting Rights Act of New York]] ===== More ===== * [[:en:Voter_suppression_in_the_United_States|Voter suppression in the United States]] * [[:en:Women's_suffrage_in_the_United_States|Women's suffrage in the United States]] == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q1608064|c=Category:Voting Rights Act of 1965|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=Voting Rights Act of 1965|wikt=no|species=no}} * {{cite report|last=Garrett|first=R. Sam|date=April 25, 2023|title=The Voting Rights Act: Historical Development and Policy Background|publisher=Congressional Research Service|url=https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R47520|access-date=January 19, 2024}} * [https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-350/uslm/COMPS-350.xml Voting Rights Act of 1965] as amended ([https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/COMPS-350/pdf/COMPS-350.pdf PDF]/[https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/COMPS-350/ details]) in the United States Government Publishing Office (GPO) [https://www.govinfo.gov/help/comps Statute Compilations collection] * [https://www.govinfo.gov/link/statute/89/public/110?link-type=pdf&.pdf Voting Rights Act of 1965] as enacted ([https://www.govinfo.gov/link/statute/89/public/110?link-type=details details]) in the US Statutes at Large * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190307042140/http://library.clerk.house.gov/reference-files/PPL_VotingRightsAct_1965.pdf Text of original Act and 1970, 1975, and 1982 amendments] (PDF). Archived from [http://library.clerk.house.gov/reference-files/PPL_VotingRightsAct_1965.pdf the original] on March 7, 2019. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20180709140646/https://www.usccr.gov/pubs/060706VRAbrief524.pdf Voting Rights Enforcement and Reauthorization: An Examination of the Act's Section 5 Preclearance Provision], U.S. Commission on Civil Rights * [http://www.justicetalking.org/ShowPage.aspx?ShowID=518 Voting Rights Act: Past, Present, and Future] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081009175754/http://www.justicetalking.org/ShowPage.aspx?ShowID=518 Archived] October 9, 2008, at the Wayback Machine, Justice Talking * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210622143641/https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43626.pdf The Voting Rights Act of 1965: Background and Overview] (PDF), Congressional Research Service * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110407062458/http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/133SEMO/133selma.htm ''"The Selma to Montgomery Voting Rights March: Shaking the Conscience of the Nation"''], a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places lesson plan * [https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/lps73399/index.htm Voting Rights Act: Evidence of Continued Need: Hearing before the Subcommittee on the Constitution of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, Second Session, March 8, 2006, Vol. 1] [https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/lps73402/index.htm Vol. 2] [https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/lps73403/indexlps73403.htm Vol. 3] [https://web.archive.org/web/20170709180934/https://permanent.access.gpo.gov/lps73404/indexlps73404.htm Vol. 4] * [http://acsc.lib.udel.edu/exhibits/show/legislation/vra The Great Society Congress] * [https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1965-pt9/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1965-pt9-2-2.pdf 111 Congressional Record (Bound) - Volume 111, Part 2 (May 25, 1965 to June 8, 1965)], ''Congressional Record'' Senate May 26 vote roll call p.&nbsp;11752 * [https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1965-pt12/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1965-pt12-3-2.pdf 111 Congressional Record (Bound) - Volume 111, Part 12 (July 7, 1965 to July 16, 1965)], ''Congressional Record'' House July 9 vote roll call pp.&nbsp;16285–16286 * [https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1965-pt14/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1965-pt14-5-2.pdf 111 Congressional Record (Bound) - Volume 111, Part 14 (July 28, 1965 to August 9, 1965)], ''Congressional Record'' House August 3 conference report vote roll call p.&nbsp;19201 * [https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1965-pt14/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1965-pt14-6-1.pdf 111 Congressional Record (Bound) - Volume 111, Part 14 (July 28, 1965 to August 9, 1965)], ''Congressional Record'' Senate August 4 conference report vote roll call p.&nbsp;19378 {{Authority control}} [[Category:89th United States Congress]] [[Category:1965 insyd American politics]] [[Category:1965 insyd American law|Act]] [[Category:Events of de civil rights movement]] [[Category:Anti-discrimination law insyd de United States]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:August 1965 insyd de United States]] [[Category:Electoral reform insyd de United States]] [[Category:History of voting rights insyd de United States]] [[Category:Liberalism insyd de United States]] [[Category:Mike Mansfield]] [[Category:Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson]] [[Category:United States congressional districts]] [[Category:United States federal civil rights legislation]] [[Category:United States federal election legislation]] f5875cxgu19zbs40i3veslbwjdt6sbk 0 15628 112572 110905 2026-09-25T03:00:17Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112572 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Na de '''Underground Railroad''' be an organized network of secret routes den safe houses wey be used by freedom seekers make dem escape to de abolitionist Northern United States den Eastern Canada. Na enslaved Africans den African Americans escape from slavery as early as de 16th century, wey na chaw of dema escapes be unaided;<ref name="auto2">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7m8mTMjMSRYC&q=unaided |title=Special Resource Study, Management Concepts Underground Railroad |date=1995 |publisher=U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center |page=19}}</ref><ref name="NPS What Is">{{Cite web|title=What is the Underground Railroad?|url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/what-is-the-underground-railroad.htm|url-status=unfit|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250208022026/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/what-is-the-underground-railroad.htm|archive-date=2025-02-08|access-date=9 September 2024|website=National Park Service}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web|title=New Jersey's Underground Railroad Heritage|url=https://dspace.njstatelib.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/2d0a25c0-0b00-4c37-a53f-b8888b3e2193/content|access-date=18 September 2024|website=New Jersey Historical Commission|publisher=New Jersey State Library}}</ref> however, na a network of safe houses dem generally know as de Underground Railroad begin to organize insyd de 1780s among Abolitionist Societies insyd de North.<ref name="auto5">{{Cite web|title=Historic Context for the Underground Railroad|url=https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/ugrr/exugrr2.htm#:~:text=The%20runaways%20became%20%22contraband%2C%22,the%20Army%20were%20initially%20rebuffed.|access-date=8 September 2024|website=Researching and Interpreting the Underground Railroad|publisher=The National Park Service}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Underground Railroad c. 1780–1862|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2944.html|access-date=9 September 2024|website=Africans in America|publisher=PBS}}</ref> Na e run north wey e grow steadily til de na dem sign de Emancipation Proclamation insyd 1863 by Presido Abraham Lincoln. Na de escapees seek primarily make dem escape into free states, den potentially from der go Canada.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Cross|first=L.D.|title=The Underground Railroad: The long journey to freedom in Canada|url=https://archive.org/details/undergroundrailr0000cros|publisher=James Lorimer Limited, Publishers|year=2010|isbn=978-1-55277-581-3|location=Toronto, ON}}</ref> De network, primarily de work of free den enslaved African Americans,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hunter|first=Carol|title=To Set the Captives Free. Reverend Jermain Wesley Loguen and the struggle for freedom in central New York 1835–1872|date=December 20, 2013|publisher=Hyrax Publishing|isbn=978-1494767983|edition=2nd|page=139}}</ref> na e be assisted by abolitionists den odas sympathetic to de cause of de escapees. De enslaved people wey risk capture den those wey aid dem sanso be collectively referred to as de passengers den conductors of de Railroad, respectively.<ref name="PBS">{{Cite web|title=The Underground Railroad|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2944.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622122605/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2944.html|archive-date=June 22, 2018|access-date=July 25, 2007|publisher=Public Broadcasting Service}}</ref> Na chaw oda routes lead to [[Mexico]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Leanos|first=Reynaldo Jr.|year=2017|title=This underground railroad took slaves to freedom in Mexico, PRI's The World, Public Radio International, March 29, 2017|url=https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018081421/https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico|archive-date=October 18, 2020|access-date=September 4, 2019|publisher=Public Radio International|location=Minneapolis, MN}}</ref> wer na dem abolish slavery, den to islands insyd de Caribbean wey na dem no be part of de slave trade.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/sheoh017_Jones_Leesa_transcript|title=Leesa Jones Interview Transcript, 2020-01-07 [SHE.OH.017]|year=2020}}</ref> An earlier escape route wey dey run south toward Florida, then a Spanish possession (except 1763–1783), na e exist from de late 17th century til approximately 1790. During de American Civil War, na freedom seekers escape to Union lines insyd de South make dem obtain dema freedom. One estimate dey suggest dat by 1850, approximately na 100,000 slaves escape to freedom via de network. According to former professor of Pan-African studies J. Blaine Hudson, wey na he be dean of de College of Arts and Sciences for de University of Louisville, by de end of de Civil War, na 500,000 anaa more African Americans self-emancipate from slavery for de Underground Railroad. == Origin of de name == Na Eric Foner wrep say na de term "be perhaps first used by a Washington newspaper insyd 1839, wey he dey quote a young slave wey dey hope make he escape bondage via a railroad wey na 'go underground all de way to Boston'".<ref>{{cite book|last=Pettit|first=Eber M.|url=https://archive.org/details/sketchesinhistor0000pett/page/130/mode/2up|title=Sketches in the History of the Underground Railroad|publisher=Chautauqua Region Press|year=1999|isbn=0-9658955-3-X|location=Westfield, NY|ref=pettit1879|orig-year=1879}}, p. 131</ref> Na Dr. Robert Clemens Smedley wrep de following slave catchers dema fail searches wey dem lost traces of fugitives as far north as Columbia, Pennsylvania, na dem declare in bewilderment say "der for be an underground railroad sam wer," dey give origin to de term.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Smedley|first=Robert C.|title=History of the Underground Railroad in Chester and the neighboring counties of Pennsylvania|date=1883|publisher=Stackpole Books|isbn=978-0-8117-3189-8|edition=|location=Mechanicsburg, Pa|pages=34–35}}</ref> Na Scott Shane wrep say na first documented use of de term be insyd an article wey Thomas Smallwood wrep insyd de August 10, 1842, edition of ''Tocsin of Liberty'', an abolitionist newspaper dem publish in Albany. He sanso wrep dat na de 1879 book ''Sketches in the History of the Underground Railroad'' say na dem mention de phrase insyd an 1839 Washington newspaper article den dat ba de book ein author say 40 years later dat na he quote de article from memory as closely as he fi.<ref>{{cite news|last=Shane|first=Scott|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/11/opinion/man-who-named-underground-railroad.html|title=How the Underground Railroad Got Its Name|work=The New York Times|date=September 11, 2023|access-date=September 11, 2023}}</ref><ref>Shane, Scott, ''Flee North A Forgotten Hero and the Fight for Freedom in Slavery's Borderland'' (Macmillan, London, 2023), pp. 117–118.</ref> === Terminology === Members of the Underground Railroad often used specific terms, based on the metaphor of the railway. For example: * People wey na dem help fugitive slaves find de railroad be "agents" * Na dem know guides as "conductors" * Na hiding places be "stations"anaa "way stations" * Na "station masters" hide escaping slaves insyd dema homes * Na people wey dey escape slavery be referred to as "passengers" anaa "cargo" * Na fugitive slaves go obtain a "ticket" * Similar to common gospel lore, de "wheels would keep on turning" * Na dem know de financial benefactors of de Railroad as "stockholders" * Promised Land – code word give [[Canada]] * River Jordan – code word give Ohio River * Heaven – code give freedom anaa Canada<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wade |first1=Phyllis |title=Signal Songs of the Underground Railroad |url=https://discoverytheater.org/forms/guides/2017/feb/Signal%20Songs%20of%20the%20Underground%20Railroad%20Learning%20Guide.pdf |website=Smithsonian Institution |access-date=14 September 2024}}</ref> De Big Dipper (wey ein "bowl" dey point to de North Star) na e be known as de drinkin' gourd. Na de Railroad be often known as de "freedom train" anaa "Gospel train", wich na e head towards "Heaven" anaa "de Promised Land", i.e., Canada.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://freedomcenter.org/enabling-freedom/history| title=History – National Underground Railroad Freedom Center| website=Freedomcenter.org| access-date=June 7, 2016| archive-date=August 17, 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180817144323/http://freedomcenter.org/enabling-freedom/history| url-status=dead}}</ref> == Political background == [[File:The_disappointed_abolitionists_LCCN2008661783.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_disappointed_abolitionists_LCCN2008661783.jpg|right|thumb|David Ruggles dey middle two guys wey dey face John P. Darg]] For di runaway slaves wey 'ride' di Underground Railroad, plenty of dem sabi say Canada na di end of di road. Everybody talk say about 30,000 to 40,000 of dem don settle for Canada, half of dem come between 1850 and 1860. Others go settle for di free states up north<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Henry|first1=Natasha|last2=McIntosh|first2=Andrew|date=January 31, 2020|title=Underground Railroad|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/underground-railroad#:~:text=An%2520estimated%252030%252C000%2520to%252040%252C000,reached%2520the%2520Province%2520of%2520Canada.|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509210944/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/underground-railroad#:~:text=An%2520estimated%252030%252C000%2520to%252040%252C000,reached%2520the%2520Province%2520of%2520Canada.|archive-date=May 9, 2021|access-date=2022-03-02|website=The Canadian Encyclopedia}}</ref>. Plenty court cases for runaway slaves dey show since di Revolutionary War to di Civil War<ref>{{Cite book|last=Schweninger|first=Loren|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UyBrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA9|title=Appealing for Liberty: Freedom Suits in the South|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2018|isbn=978-0-19-066429-9|page=9|access-date=March 2, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302225408/https://books.google.com/books?id=UyBrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA9|archive-date=March 2, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref>. Di original Fugitive Slave Act wey dem put for 1793, e say officials from di free states suppose help anybody wey dey find dem runaway slaves, but some states no gree do am. Di law make am easy for slaveholders and di slave catchers to catch African Americans and send dem back to slavery, sometimes dem fit even make free blacks slaves again. Di law also make di abolitionists dey wan help di enslaved people, wey cause anti-slavery societies and di Underground Railroad for grow plenty<ref>{{Cite journal |last=C.W.A. |first=David |date=January 1984 |title=The Fugitive Slave Law of 1793 and its Antecedents |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2713433 |url-status=live |journal=The Journal of Negro History |publisher=The University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History |volume=9 |pages=22–25 |doi=10.2307/2713433 |jstor=2713433 |s2cid=149160543 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220302231257/https://www.jstor.org/stable/2713433 |archive-date=March 2, 2022 |access-date=March 2, 2022 |number=1}}</ref>. Southern politicians dey push wey make Congress pass Compromise of 1850 after Mexican–American War. E get stricter Fugitive Slave Law; dem say e go fit help solve wahala wey dey between regions by forcing officials for free states to help slave catchers, wey go dey do their work for free states without wahala{{sfn|Potter|1976|pp=132–139}}. Dis law no need plenty papers to show say person be fugitive, so slave catchers dey carry free blacks, especially pikin dem, come sell dem into slavery<ref>Bordewich, Fergus, 2005, p. 324</ref>. Southern politicians too dey lie say plenty slaves don escape and dey blame am on Northerners wey dey disturb Southern people property<ref>Bordewich, Fergus, 2005, p. 324</ref>. Dis law no allow people wey dem suspect say dem be slaves defend demself for court, make am hard to prove say dem be free<ref>Douglass, Frederick (July 5, 1852), [http://www.historyisaweapon.org/defcon1/douglassjuly4.html "The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704185311/http://www.historyisaweapon.org/defcon1/douglassjuly4.html|date=July 4, 2008}}, ''History Is a Weapon'', Retrieved July 17, 2011.</ref>. Some Northern states come bring laws wey go make e illegal for public officials to catch or jail former slaves{{sfn|Potter|1976|p=139}}. People dey reason say Northern states dey ignore the fugitive slave laws and dat be one main reason dem dey talk about secession.<ref>{{cite web|title=Avalon Project – Confederate States of America – Declaration of the Immediate Causes Which Induce and Justify the Secession of South Carolina from the Federal Union|url=http://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/csa_scarsec.asp|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190220121942/http://avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/csa_scarsec.asp|archive-date=February 20, 2019|access-date=June 7, 2016|website=Avalon.law.yale.edu}}</ref> == Routes den methods of escape == [[File:Great_Dismal_Swamp-Fugitive_Slaves_crop.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Great_Dismal_Swamp-Fugitive_Slaves_crop.jpg|thumb|People wey wan free, run go di Great Dismal Swamp maroon community.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Underground Railroad|url=https://www.camdencountync.gov/departments/dismal-swamp-welcome-center/the-underground-railroad|access-date=13 September 2024|website=Camden County, North Carolina Government}}</ref>]] Underground Railroad routes dey go north to free states and Canada, plus Caribbean, US western territories, and Indian territories. Some runaway slaves check south enter Mexico for their freedom.<ref>{{cite web|title=Selected Routes of the Underground Railroad|url=https://www.nps.gov/npgallery/GetAsset/7075060c-593d-4a38-b7e0-719c2dd5f4b3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240921163132/https://www.nps.gov/npgallery/GetAsset/7075060c-593d-4a38-b7e0-719c2dd5f4b3|archive-date=2024-09-21|access-date=21 September 2024|website=NPS}}</ref>{{sfn|Hudson|2015}}. Plenty people escape by sea, like Ona Judge wey George Washington dey hold as slave.<ref>Russell, Tonya, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2023/10/15/underground-railroad-by-sea-slavery/ "Underground Railroad's forgotten route: Thousands fled slavery by sea", ''The Washington Post'', October 15, 2023]</ref> Some historians talk say the waterways for South be big deal for freedom seekers, as water dem dey use find road to freedom. Plus, historians of the Underground Railroad don find 200,000 runaway slave adverts for North American papers from mid-1700s till American Civil War end<ref>{{cite web|last1=Tabb|first1=Kip|date=May 26, 2022|title=Symposium highlights enslaved people's escape by water|url=https://coastalreview.org/2022/05/symposium-highlights-enslaved-peoples-escape-by-water/|access-date=12 September 2024|website=Coastal Review}}</ref>. Freedom seekers for Alabama dey hide for steamboats wey dey go Mobile, Alabama, hope say dem go fit blend with the free Black community, and dem dey hide for other steamboats wey dey leave Alabama go further north to free areas. In 1852, Alabama legislature pass law wey go reduce the number of freedom seekers wey dey escape for boats<ref>{{cite web|last1=Nordmann|first1=Christopher|title=Fugitive Slave Laws and Freedom Seeking|url=https://encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/runaway-slaves/|access-date=15 September 2024|website=Encyclopedia of Alabama}}</ref>. The law go punish slaveholders and ship captains wey allow enslaved people enter their boat without pass. Freedom seekers for Alabama too dey make canoes to escape. Dem escape from their masters for Panama on boats wey dey go California through Panama route. Slaveholders dey use the Panama route reach California. For Panama, slavery no dey legal and Black Panamanians dey encourage enslaved people from the US to escape enter the city of Panama<ref>{{cite web|title=The Quest for Freedom Moves West 1848–1869|url=https://npshistory.com/brochures/ugrr/western-quest-for-freedom.pdf|access-date=21 September 2024|website=NPS}}</ref> People wey wan free dey find ways to jam slave catchers wey dey use their dogs follow dem. One way na to mix hot pepper, lard, and vinegar put for their shoes. For North Carolina, dem dey put turpentine for their shoes to shake off slave catchers' dogs, while for Texas, dem dey use paste wey dem make from charred bullfrog<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gattuso|first1=Reina|date=October 14, 2020|title=A Historical Dig Sheds Light on the Food of the Underground Railroad|url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/what-did-people-eat-on-underground-railroad|access-date=13 September 2024|website=Atlas Obscura}}</ref>. Some runaways even enter swamps to wash off their scent<ref name="auto3">{{cite web|title=The Underground Railroad|url=https://mrnussbaum.com/storage/uploads/activities/tubman/path.htm|access-date=10 September 2024|website=mrnussbaum.com}}</ref>. Most of the time, dem dey escape at night, make dem fit hide under the darkness.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Stevens|first1=Kathleen|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ljljDwAAQBAJ&q=That%20night,%20under%20cover%20of%20darkness|title=William Still and the Underground Railroad|date=2008|publisher=Townsend Press|isbn=9781591944140}}</ref> Anoda way wey di freedom seekers dey take run from capture na to carry fake free passes. During slavery, free Blacks dey show dem freedom by carrying pass wey prove say dem dey free. Free Blacks and di enslaved people go sabi create fake free passes for di freedom seekers as dem dey waka through di slave states..<ref>{{cite web|last1=Biehl|first1=Andre F.|title=Strategies for Escape: A Study of Fugitive Slave Ads (1770–1819)|url=https://slavery.princeton.edu/stories/strategies-for-escape|access-date=15 September 2024|website=Princeton and Slavery|publisher=Princeton University}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Successfully Escaping Slavery on Maryland's Underground Railroad|url=https://www.visitmaryland.org/article/successfully-escaping-slavery-marylands-underground-railroad|access-date=15 September 2024|website=Visit Maryland}}</ref> === North to free states den Canada === ===== Structure ===== [[File:Harriet_Tubman.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Harriet_Tubman.jpg|thumb|247x247px|Harriet Tubman (photo H. B. Lindsley), around 1870. Dis woman dey work for Underground Railroad, she make 13 trips go South, help over 70 people escape. She dey carry dem go northern free states and Canada. Because of dis matter, dem dey call am 'Moses of Her People'.]] [[File:Levi_coffin.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Levi_coffin.JPG|right|thumb|220x220px|Quaker abolitionist Levi Coffin and im wife Catherine help more than 2,000 people wey dey enslave jom come free.]] Though dem call am ‘road’, dis escape network no be underground like we dey think, plus e no be real railroad too. (Real underground railroad no come be till 1863.) According to John Rankin, “Dem call am dat name because as people hop aboard, dem just vanish from sight like say dem don enter ground. Once di fugitive slaves enter any depot for dat road, you no fit find dem again. Dem go dey quietly pass from one depot to another until dem reach place wey dem go fit stay free.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ritchie|first=Andrew|url=https://archive.org/details/ASPC0002367700|title=The soldier, the battle, and the victory : being a brief account of the work of Rev. John Rankin in the anti-slavery cause|publisher=Western Tract and Book Society|year=1870|location=Cincinnati|pages=[https://archive.org/details/ASPC0002367700/page/n96 96]–97}}</ref>” Dem dey use railroad name because na di transport system wey dem dey use that time.<ref>Blight, David, 2004, p. 3.</ref> Underground Railroad no get headquarters or governing body, and no published guides, maps, pamphlets, or even newspaper articles dey. E be combination of meeting points, secret routes, transportation, and safe houses, all na people wey dey help abolitionist and dem dey talk am for mouth, though some people talk say dem use numeric code to hide message<ref>{{cite news|title=The Grave of Old John Brown's Son. It Lies Above the San Gabriel Valley and Overlooks Pasadena. Owen and Jason Brown Lived in the Mountains and Were Guides to Tourists. Uncle James Townsend, a Venerable Quaker, Knew Them Both Well and Their Father|newspaper=[[San Francisco Call]]|date=21 Jun 1896|page=24|via=[[newspapers.com]]|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/5369067/james-townsend-john-brown/|first=Mary E.|last=Wright|access-date=September 24, 2021|archive-date=September 25, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210925182112/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/5369067/james-townsend-john-brown/|url-status=live}}</ref>. Participants dey organize for small, independent groups; this one help dem keep am secret. People wey dey escape from slavery go dey move north from one way station to another. The 'Conductors' wey dey for the railroad come from different backgrounds, including free-born blacks, white abolitionists, people wey don escape or wey don free, plus Native Americans<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.org/maps/undergroundrailroad/|title=The Underground Railroad|date=November 16, 2011|work=National Geographic Society|access-date=August 1, 2017|language=en|archive-date=August 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801160322/https://www.nationalgeographic.org/maps/undergroundrailroad/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last=Miles|first=Tiya|date=Summer 2011|title=Of Waterways and Runaways: Reflections on the Great Lakes in Underground Railroad History|magazine=Michigan Quarterly Review|volume=L|issue=3|issn=1558-7266|hdl=2027/spo.act2080.0050.320}}</ref>. Dem believe say slavery no fit be wetin Jesus go agree with, so Christian groups and clergy join inside, especially Quakers, Congregationalists, Wesleyan Methodists, and Reformed Presbyterians, plus the anti-slavery parts of big churches wey dey scatter over dis matter, like Methodist Episcopal Church and Baptists<ref>{{cite book|title=History of Salem Township, Washtenaw County, Michigan|date=1976|publisher=Salem Area Historical Society|page=56|language=English}}</ref>. The role of free blacks na very important; without dem, e for hard make people wey dey run from slavery fit reach freedom well well<ref>{{cite book|last=Pinsker|first=Matthew|title=Vigilance in Pennsylvania: Underground Railroad Activities in the Keystone State, 1837–1861|publisher=PHMC|year=2000|location=Lancaster}}</ref>. The underground railroad 'agents' dey work for group wey dem sabi as vigilance committees.{{sfn|Foner|2015}} Free Black communities for Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and New York dey help freedom seekers run away from slavery. Black Churches be like stations for Underground Railroad, and Black communities for North go hide freedom seekers inside their churches and homes. Historian Cheryl Janifer Laroche talk for her book, Free Black Communities and the Underground Railroad The Geography of Resistance say: "Blacks, whether dem dey slave or free, na dem be the main actors for the big show wey be the Underground Railroad." She also talk say some authors dey put white abolitionists and white people wey dey involved for antislavery matter as the main reason wey freedom seekers fit run, neglecting the important role of free Black communities<ref>{{cite book|last1=Laroche|first1=Cheryl J.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d7gPBAAAQBAJ&q=free+blacks+underground+railroad|title=Free Black Communities and the Underground Railroad The Geography of Resistance|date=2013|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=9780252095894|pages=1–3}}</ref>. Author Diane Miller talk say: "History people don dey neglect the power of African Americans for their own search for freedom as dem dey show Underground Railroad as organized effort by white religious groups, normally Quakers, to help 'helpless' slaves." Historian Larry Gara dey argue say plenty stories wey concern Underground Railroad suppose dey folklore, no be history. The actions of real historical figures like Harriet Tubman, Thomas Garrett, and Levi Coffin dey exaggerated, and Northern abolitionists wey dey lead enslaved people to Canada dey call dem heroes of the Underground Railroad. This story dey reduce the sense and power of enslaved Black people wey free themselves, and e dey make am look like say freedom seekers need Northerners help to escape.<ref>{{cite web|last=Miller|first=Diane|title=The Underground Railroad in Bleeding Kansas|url=https://www.nps.gov/npgallery/GetAsset/5c8a5ce2-d40d-4a57-bbef-703aac0b479c|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250304001224/https://www.nps.gov/npgallery/GetAsset/5c8a5ce2-d40d-4a57-bbef-703aac0b479c|archive-date=2025-03-04|access-date=16 September 2024|website=The National Park Service}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Gara|first=Larry|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WK48TBgPW-EC&q=folklore|title=The Liberty Line The Legend of the Underground Railroad|date=2013|publisher=University Press of Kentucky|isbn=9780813143569}}</ref> === Geography === [[File:Rail_Road_Suspension_Bridge_Near_Niagara_Falls_v2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rail_Road_Suspension_Bridge_Near_Niagara_Falls_v2.jpg|thumb|People wey dey find freedom escape from slavery come reach Canada through the Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge.]] The Underground Railroad sabi how di geography fit work for U.S.–Canada border: Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania and most of New York dey separate from Canada by water, wey e easy to arrange transport and e dey safe. Di main route wey freedom seekers from di South take go up di Appalachians, Harriet Tubman go through Harpers Ferry, enter di anti-slavery Western Reserve region for northeast Ohio, reach di big shore of Lake Erie, then enter Canada by boat. Small number wey dey travel through New York or New England go via Syracuse (wey Samuel May dey) and Rochester (wey Frederick Douglass dey), cross Niagara River or Lake Ontario enter Canada. By 1848, Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge don build—e cross Niagara River join New York to Canada. Enslaved runaways dey use di bridge to escape dem bondage, and Harriet Tubman use di bridge to carry freedom seekers go Canada.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Niagara River: Between Slavery and Freedom|url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/the-niagara-river-between-slavery-and-freedom.htm|access-date=21 September 2024|website=NPS}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Niagara Falls Underground Railroad Heritage Center|url=https://www.nps.gov/places/niagara-falls-underground-railroad-heritage-center.htm|access-date=21 September 2024|website=NPS}}</ref>. Those wey dey travel via di New York Adirondacks, sometimes through Black communities like Timbuctoo, New York, enter Canada through Ogdensburg on di St. Lawrence River, or Lake Champlain (Joshua Young help). Di western route, wey John Brown and others use, dey come from Missouri go free Kansas and north to free Iowa, then east through Chicago to di Detroit River. Thomas Downing be free Black man for New York wey him dey run him Oyster restaurant like one stop for Underground Railroad. Freedom seekers (people wey run from slavery) wey dey find freedom dey hide for Downing restaurant basement<ref>{{cite web|title=Downing's Oyster House|url=https://maap.columbia.edu/place/1.html|access-date=20 June 2024|website=Mapping the African American Past|publisher=Columbia University}}</ref>. Enslaved people dey help dem freedom seekers escape from slavery. Arnold Gragstone be enslaved man wey dey help runaways escape by guiding dem cross Ohio River make dem fit find freedom.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Blaisdell|first1=Bob|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0g_dAwAAQBAJ&q=civil%20war|title=Slave Narratives of the Underground Railroad|last2=Rudisel|first2=Christine|date=2014|publisher=Dover Publications|isbn=9780486780610|page=72}}</ref> [[File:William_Still_portrait.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:William_Still_portrait.png|thumb|William Still be free Black man for Philadelphia wey help plenty freedom seekers run away from slavery.]] William Still<ref>Blight, David, 2004, p. 175</ref>, wey dem dey call am "The Father of the Underground Railroad", help plenty slaves escape (as much as 60 every month), sometimes e go hide dem for im house for Philadelphia. E dey keep record well well, including small biographies of di people, wey dey drop railway metaphors for dem. E dey write plenty letters to dem, sometimes e go dey act like middleman for di people wey don escape slavery and dem wey still dey behind. Later, e publish all dis story for di book wey dem call The Underground Railroad: Authentic Narratives and First-Hand Accounts (1872), wey be important material for historians to sabi how di system work and learn about di individual creativity wey dey help people escape. Still talk say dem dey encode message so only people wey dey inside train wahala go fit understand am. For example, dis message wey show say, "I don send four big hams and two small hams via 2 o'clock", mean say four adults and two pikin don waka by train from Harrisburg go Philadelphia. Di word wey say via mean say di "passengers" no take di usual train but dem catch am via Reading, Pennsylvania. E be like say di authorities fall for trick, dey go regular station to catch di runaways, while Still don meet dem for correct station and show dem way safe. In di end, dem escape either go north or Canada, wey slavery don finish for 1830s.<ref>{{cite book|last=Still|first=William|url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/21243533-the-underground-railroad?from_search=true&search_version=service_impr|title=The Underground Railroad: Authentic Narratives and First-Hand Accounts|date=1872|asin=B00264GNTU|access-date=July 25, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181214092959/https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/21243533-the-underground-railroad?from_search=true&search_version=service_impr|archive-date=December 14, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Desperate_Conflict_in_a_Barn.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Desperate_Conflict_in_a_Barn.png|thumb|280x280px|Fight for freedom for Maryland barn. Wood cut from William Still's The Underground Rail Road, p. 50.<ref>Dictated by Robert Jackson a.k.a. Wesley Harris on November 2, 1853. "Engravings by Bensell, Schell, and others."</ref>]] To make am no go see dem, plenty people wey dey work for Underground Railroad sabi only wetin dem dey do, dem no sabi di whole plan. Dem wey dey lead, wey we dey call 'conductors', go take di 'passengers' from one station to another. Sometimes, conductor go act like say dem don enslave am to enter plantation. When e don enter di plantation, e go show di runaways how to waka go North. Dem wey dey run go travel for night, about 10-20 miles (16-32 km) to each station. Dem go rest small, then dem go send message go di next station make di station master sabi say di escapees dey come. Dem go chill for di so-called 'stations' or 'depots' during day and rest. Di stations fit dey for basement<ref>{{cite journal |last=Cedarville University |date=February 12, 2018 |title=Underground Railroad Hiding Places |url=https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/wyland_collection/85 |url-status=live |journal=Slideshow Images |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210424165353/https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/wyland_collection/85/ |archive-date=April 24, 2021 |access-date=February 28, 2021}}</ref>, barn<ref>{{cite web|date=1930s|title=Point of interest at Oakland City – site of barn of Col. James W. Cockrum used as an underground railroad station|url=http://visions.indstate.edu:8888/cdm/singleitem/collection/isulib/id/7638/rec/3|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024158/http://visions.indstate.edu:8888/cdm/singleitem/collection/isulib/id/7638/rec/3|archive-date=April 15, 2021|access-date=February 27, 2021|website=Wabash Valley Visions & Voices Digital Memory Project}}</ref>, church<ref>{{cite web|date=March 15, 2017|title=The Underground Railroad|url=https://nmaahc.si.edu/blog/underground-railroad|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310182912/https://nmaahc.si.edu/blog/underground-railroad|archive-date=March 10, 2021|access-date=February 28, 2021|website=National Museum of African American History and Culture|language=en}}</ref>, or some hiding place for cave<ref>{{cite web|title=The Smith Underground Railroad Station :: Ohio :: Henry Robert Burke :: Lest We Forget|url=http://lestweforget.hamptonu.edu/page.cfm?uuid=9FEC4E64-D74A-B3E9-A15B5ED01281AC79|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415024543/http://lestweforget.hamptonu.edu/page.cfm?uuid=9FEC4E64-D74A-B3E9-A15B5ED01281AC79|archive-date=April 15, 2021|access-date=February 28, 2021|website=lestweforget.hamptonu.edu}}</ref>. Dem rest areas wey freedom seekers fit sleep and chop dey call am "stations" and "depots", and dem get "station masters" wey dey manage am. "Stockholders" go dey drop money or supply to help dem. Dem fugitives dey call Canada "Promised Land" or "Heaven" from Bible matter, and dem dey call Ohio River wey dey mark border between slave states and free states "River Jordan".<ref>{{cite web|title=Underground Railroad Codes|url=http://www.safepassageohio.org/resources/weblesson.pdf|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612135935/http://www.safepassageohio.org/resources/weblesson.pdf|archive-date=June 12, 2018|access-date=June 29, 2013|work=Myths and Codes of the Underground Railroad|series=Safe Passage|publisher=Greater Cincinnati Television Educational Foundation|page=20}}</ref> ===== Traveling conditions ===== [[File:4271695318-marymeachum.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:4271695318-marymeachum.jpg|thumb|Mary Meachum be Underground Railroad agent for St. Louis, Missouri]] Though dem wey wan escape go fit travel by boat or train<ref>Bordewich, Fergus, 2005, p. 236</ref>, dem dey waka on foot or use wagon, sometimes dem dey lie down, cover with hay or wetin dem fit find, in groups of one to three wey dey run. Some groups big pass dat. Abolitionist Charles Turner Torrey and him boys dey rent horse and wagon, dem go fit carry like 15 to 20 people at once<ref>{{cite book|last=Torrey|first=E. Fuller|title=The Martyrdom of Abolitionist Charles Torrey|url=https://archive.org/details/martyrdomofaboli0000torr|publisher=Louisiana State University Press|year=2013|location=Baton Rouge|author-link=E. Fuller Torrey}}</ref>. Free and enslaved black men wey be mariners dey help dem wey dey run away from slavery. Dem go give ride for dia ship, show dem better escape routes, and safe places wey dey land, plus who go fit help. Enslaved African-American mariners get gist about slave revolts for Caribbean, and dem dey share am with people wey dem fit reach for American ports. Dem free and enslaved African-American mariners help Harriet Tubman when she dey do her rescue work. Black mariners dey give her info on the best escape ways and help her for her rescue works. For New Bedford, Massachusetts, freedom seekers dey hide inside ships wey dey leave dock, with help from Black and white crew, dem dey chop from ship cargo during dia journey to freedom.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Underground Railroad: New Bedford Massachusetts|url=https://npshistory.com/publications/nebe/brochures/underground-railroad2.pdf|access-date=13 September 2024|website=The National Park Service}}</ref> Slaves wey dey near river fit run away for boats and canoes. For 1855, Mary Meachum, wey be free Black woman, try help eight or nine slaves make dem escape from slavery for Mississippi River near St. Louis, Missouri go free state of Illinois. White people wey dey fight against slavery and one African American wey dem call "Freeman" from Illinois join help dem for the escape. But the plan no work, as police and slave catchers hear say dem wan run and dey wait for dem across the river for Illinois side. Breckenridge, Burrows and Meachum come arrest. Before this escape, Mary Meachum and her husband John, wey be former slave, dey work for Underground Railroad wey dey help other slaves escape cross the Mississippi River.<ref>{{cite web|date=June 20, 2019|title=Slave Stampedes on the Southern Borderlands|url=https://housedivided.dickinson.edu/sites/stampedes/meachum-1855/|access-date=9 September 2024|website=National Park Service Network to Freedom|publisher=Dickson College}}</ref> [[File:Underground_Railroad_Handbook.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Underground_Railroad_Handbook.jpg|thumb|People wey dey suffer for river side and Chesapeake Bay take canoe and boat waka go free from slavery.]] Dem dey take roundabout routes make e confuse people wey dey chase dem. Most people wey dey escape na individuals or small groups; sometimes, dem fit get big breakout, like that Pearl matter. The journey dey tough and dangerous pass for women and children. Children dey hard to keep quiet or dem no fit catch up with group. Plus, dem no dey allow enslaved women waka go plantation side, so e dey harder for dem to escape like men go fit.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Blackett |first1=Richard |date=October 2014 |title=The Underground Railroad and the Struggle Against Slavery |journal=History Workshop Journal |volume=78 |issue=1 |page=279 |doi=10.1093/hwj/dbu012 |s2cid=154049844}}</ref> Even though e dey tough for women, some women still fit make am. One of the most popular and successful conductors wey dey sneak enter slave areas to help people wey wan free na Harriet Tubman, wey be woman wey escape slavery..<ref>{{cite web|last=Wellington|first=Darryl Lorenzo|date=January 20, 2004|title=The most famous abductor on the Underground Railroad|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/2004/0120/p19s02-bogn.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907110326/https://www.csmonitor.com/2004/0120/p19s02-bogn.html|archive-date=September 7, 2018|access-date=January 9, 2012|work=Christian Science Monitor}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Underground Railroad – Black History|url=http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/underground-railroad|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215130905/https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/underground-railroad|archive-date=December 15, 2018|access-date=August 1, 2017|website=history.com}}</ref> Because wahala fit catch dem, dem dey use mouth share where to run go and safe places, but for 1896, dem talk say dem get some code wey dem dey use hide message. Southern newspapers back then no dey waste time, dem go fill am with notices wey dey ask for info on runaway slaves and dem dey promise big money for anybody wey fit catch dem and bring dem back. Federal marshals and bounty hunters wey dem sabi as slave catchers dey chase people wey wan find freedom go as far as Canada–U.S. border{{sfn|Potter|1976|p=133}}. Freedom seekers (runaway slaves) dey find food anyhow, dey fish, dey hunt as dem waka come freedom for Underground Railroad. Dem go gather ingredients, cook one-pot meals (stews) wey be how West Africans sabi cook. Enslaved and free Black people go drop food for front of dem house to help the freedom seekers chop. The meals wey dem prepare for Underground Railroad come join the food essence of Black Americans wey dem dey call soul food.<ref>{{cite news|title=Soul Food Got Its Start From Freedom Seekers Surviving Off The Land|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pittsburgh/news/soul-food-freedom-seekers-surviving-off-the-land/|access-date=20 June 2024|agency=CBS News|date=2022}}</ref> === Maroons === [[File:Maroons_preparing_to_ambush_a_convoy.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Maroons_preparing_to_ambush_a_convoy.jpg|thumb|Maroons]] Most of di people wey de look for freedom wey comot from slavery no get help from any abolitionist. Even though plenty stories dey talk say black and white abolitionists dey help freedom seekers run from slavery, e get plenty wey do am by demself.<ref name="auto22">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7m8mTMjMSRYC&q=unaided|title=Special Resource Study, Management Concepts Underground Railroad|date=1995|publisher=U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center|page=19}}</ref><ref name="NPS What Is2">{{cite web|title=What is the Underground Railroad?|url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/what-is-the-underground-railroad.htm|url-status=unfit|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250208022026/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/what-is-the-underground-railroad.htm|archive-date=2025-02-08|access-date=9 September 2024|website=[[National Park Service]]}}<!-- The original link may be live but it has been modified by the Trump administration making it unfit. More info: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2025/04/07/national-park-website-harriet-tubman-underground-railroad/82971945007/ --></ref> Other escape routes wey freedom seekers dey use be maroon communities. Maroon communities be secret places, like wetlands or marshes, where dem wey don escape from slavery dey form their own independent areas. For USA, examples be Black Seminole communities for Florida, and groups wey dey live for Great Dismal Swamp for Virginia plus Okefenokee swamp for Georgia and Florida{{sfn|Hudson|2015|pp=143–144}}. For 1780s, Louisiana get one maroon community for di bayous of Saint Malo. Di leader of Saint Malo maroon community na Jean Saint Malo, wey escape from slavery to join other runaways for di swamps and bayous. Di population of maroons be fifty, but di Spanish colonial government scatter dem community and on June 19, 1784, dem execute Jean Saint Malo<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Allen |first1=Diane |date=2022 |title=Living Freedom Through the Maroon Landscape |url=https://placesjournal.org/article/the-maroon-communities-and-landscapes-of-louisiana/ |journal=Places Journal |issue=2022 |doi=10.22269/220922 |access-date=19 September 2024 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Palmer|first1=Lue|title=Juneteenth & Jean Saint Malo: How New Orleans is celebrating justice and freedom on June 19|url=https://veritenews.org/2023/06/15/juneteenth-jean-saint-malo/#:~:text=According%20to%20Creole%20legend%2C%20Jean,against%20French%20and%20Spanish%20slaveholders.|access-date=19 September 2024|agency=Verite News|date=2023}}</ref>. Colonial South Carolina too get plenty maroon settlements for di marshland regions for Lowcountry and near rivers. Dem maroons for South Carolina dey fight to keep dem freedom and avoid enslavement for Ashepoo for 1816, Williamsburg County for 1819, Georgetown for 1820, Jacksonborough for 1822, and near Marion for 1861. Historian Herbert Aptheker find evidence say fifty maroon communities dey exist for USA between 1672 and 1864..<ref>{{cite web|last1=Fitzgerald|first1=Catherine|title=Maroons|url=https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/maroons/#:~:text=The%20typical%20South%20Carolina%20maroon,away%20more%20on%20their%20own.|access-date=22 September 2024|website=South Carolina Encyclopedia|publisher=University of South Carolina, Institute for Southern Studies}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Silkenat|first1=David|date=2022|title=An Inhospitable Refuge|url=https://academic.oup.com/book/41417/chapter-abstract/352738020?redirectedFrom=fulltext|access-date=22 September 2024|website=Oxford Academic|pages=123–148|doi=10.1093/oso/9780197564226.003.0007|isbn=978-0-19-756422-6}}</ref> Di history of maroons show how di enslaved dey resist slavery by living for free independent settlements. Historical archeologist Dan Sayer talk say historians dey downplay di importance of maroon settlements and dey give credit to white people wey involve for di Underground Railroad, wey e talk show say dem dey bias, indicating say dem no wan accept di strength of black resistance and initiative<ref>{{cite web|title=Deep in the Swamps, Archaeologists Are Finding How Fugitive Slaves Kept Their Freedom|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/deep-swamps-archaeologists-fugitive-slaves-kept-freedom-180960122/|access-date=20 September 2024|website=Smithsonian Magazine|publisher=Smithsonian Institution}}</ref>. === Freedom routes dem dey waka for Native American land<ref name="auto2" /> === From colonial America enter 19th century, Indigenous people for North America dey help and protect enslaved Africans wey dey find way to freedom.<ref name="auto1">{{cite news|title=The Indigenous connection to the Underground Railroad|url=https://www.cbc.ca/radio/unreserved/what-happens-when-hidden-histories-become-a-national-conversation-1.6059520/the-indigenous-connection-to-the-underground-railroad-1.6061957|access-date=10 September 2024|agency=CBC|date=2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Uncovering Tribal Connections to the Underground Railroad|url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/tribal-ugrr-connections.htm|access-date=10 September 2024|website=The National Park Service}}</ref> But no be all Indigenous community dey accept freedom seekers, some of dem sef dey enslave dem or carry dem go back to their former masters<ref name="NPS Telling Stories">{{cite web|title=The Underground Railroad in American History|url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/tellingallamericansstories/upload/UndergroundRailroad.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930211640/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/tellingallamericansstories/upload/UndergroundRailroad.pdf|archive-date=2024-09-30|access-date=22 September 2024|website=[[National Park Service]]}}</ref>. The first stories wey we fit see about escape na from 16th century. For 1526, Spanish people start the first European colony for United States wey dem call San Miguel de Gualdape for South Carolina. The enslaved Africans start to revolt and historians talk say dem fit escape go Shakori Indigenous communities<ref name="auto4">{{cite web|title=New Jersey's Underground Railroad Heritage|url=https://dspace.njstatelib.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/2d0a25c0-0b00-4c37-a53f-b8888b3e2193/content|access-date=18 September 2024|website=New Jersey Historical Commission|publisher=New Jersey State Library}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Brockell|first1=Gillian|title=Before 1619, there was 1526: The mystery of the first enslaved Africans in what became the United States|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2019/09/07/before-there-was-mystery-first-enslaved-africans-what-became-us/|access-date=18 September 2024|agency=The Washington Post|date=2019}}</ref>. As early as 1689, some enslaved Africans run from the South Carolina Lowcountry go Spanish Florida dey find freedom<ref name="Opala">{{cite book|last=Opala|first=Joseph A.|title=The Gullah: Rice, Slavery, and the Sierra Leone-American Connection – Website|publisher=Yale University, Gilder Lehrman Center|chapter=Black Seminoles – Gullahs Who Escaped From Slavery|access-date=2009-08-04|chapter-url=http://www.yale.edu/glc/gullah/07.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090829221041/http://www.yale.edu/glc/gullah/07.htm|archive-date=2009-08-29|url-status=dead}}</ref>. The Seminole Nation accept Gullah runaways (we dey call dem Black Seminoles now) come their land.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Pressly|first1=Paul|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zjBQ0AEACAAJ|title=A Southern Underground Railroad Black Georgians and the Promise of Spanish Florida and Indian Country|date=2024|publisher=University of Georgia Press|isbn=9780820366326}}</ref> This na the southern route for Underground Railroad wey connect Georgia and Carolinas go Florida. For Northwest Ohio for 18th and 19th century, three Indigenous/Native American nations, the Shawnee, Ottawa, and Wyandot help freedom seekers escape from slavery. The Ottawa people dey accept and protect runaways for their villages. Other escapees dey carry go Fort Malden by the Ottawa. For Upper Sandusky, Wyandot people allow maroon community of freedom seekers wey dem dey call Negro Town stay for their land for four decades<ref>{{cite book|last1=Finkinebine|first1=Roy|url=https://academic.oup.com/florida-scholarship-online/book/14776/chapter-abstract/168992172?redirectedFrom=fulltext|title=The Underground Railroad in "Indian Country": Northwest Ohio, 1795–1843|date=2018|publisher=University Press of Florida|isbn=978-0-8130-5603-6|pages=70–92|doi=10.5744/florida/9780813056036.003.0004}}</ref>. [[File:Beverly_Image_of_Native_Villages.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Beverly_Image_of_Native_Villages.jpg|thumb|Native Americans dey collect freedom seekers come their villages, then go carry dem go Canada.]] For 18th and 19th century, Nanticoke people for Chesapeake Bay and Delaware dey hide freedom people for their villages. Dem dey live small small villages near Pocomoke River; the river start from plenty forks for the big Cypress Swamp for southern Sussex County, Delaware. Black people wey dey run from slavery fit hide for swamps, plus water dey wash away the scent of dem wey don run, make e hard for dogs to find dem. As early as 18th century, mixed blood communities don start.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gould|first1=Bill|title=Delmarva Native Americans and the earliest Underground Railroad|url=https://nativeamericansofdelawarestate.com/Delmarva_Indians_&_Underground_Railroad.htm|access-date=10 September 2024|website=Native Americans of Delaware State}}</ref><ref name="auto32">{{cite web|title=The Underground Railroad|url=https://mrnussbaum.com/storage/uploads/activities/tubman/path.htm|access-date=10 September 2024|website=mrnussbaum.com}}</ref>. For Maryland, freedom seekers dey run go Shawnee villages wey dey along Potomac River. Slave owners for Virginia and Maryland dey chook mouth, file plenty complaints and court matter against Shawnee and Nanticoke for hiding freedom seekers<ref>{{cite web|title=What is the Underground Railroad and why did it exist here?|url=https://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5300/sc5339/000113/011000/011364/unrestricted/20090253e.pdf|access-date=15 September 2024|website=Maryland State Government}}</ref>. Odawa people too dey accept freedom seekers to their villages. The Odawa go carry the runaways give Ojibwe wey go help dem waka go Canada. <ref name="auto12">{{cite news|title=The Indigenous connection to the Underground Railroad|url=https://www.cbc.ca/radio/unreserved/what-happens-when-hidden-histories-become-a-national-conversation-1.6059520/the-indigenous-connection-to-the-underground-railroad-1.6061957|access-date=10 September 2024|agency=CBC|date=2021}}</ref>Some people wey don run from slavery go hide for Native American villages, e be like dem stay for there. White people wey come travel go Kentucky and Ohio Territory see 'Black Shawnees' dey live with the Indigenes for trans-Appalachian west. For the colonial time for New Spain and Seminole Nation for Florida, African Americans and Indigenes dey marry self..{{sfn|Hudson|2015|p=155}}<ref>{{cite web|last1=Garrison|first1=Timothy A.|last2=Haefeli|first2=Evan|title=Native Americans and African Americans|url=https://oxfordaasc.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195301731.001.0001/acref-9780195301731-e-44914|access-date=11 September 2024|website=Oxford African American Studies Center}}</ref> === South to Florida and Mexico === ===== Background ===== [[File:1888-view-Old_Stone_Fort-Harby-illus-American_Magazine.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1888-view-Old_Stone_Fort-Harby-illus-American_Magazine.jpg|thumb|Dis Old Stone Fort for Nacogdoches, by Lee C. Harby, for The American Magazine, April 1888 edition]] From 16th century, Spaniards dey come carry enslaved Africans go New Spain, including Mission Nombre de Dios wey go turn St. Augustine for Spanish Florida. As time dey go, free Afro-Spaniards dey find different work and dey serve for colonial militia.<ref name="UTSA - AAT">{{Cite web|date=2019|title=African American Texans|url=https://texancultures.utsa.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/TOA_African-American_Revised_VI.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185719/https://texancultures.utsa.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/TOA_African-American_Revised_VI.pdf|archive-date=July 9, 2021|access-date=July 7, 2021|website=Institute of Texan Cultures, University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA)}}</ref> When King Charles II of Spain talk say Spanish Florida go be safe place for slaves wey escape from British North America, plenty of dem dey waka come Florida from North like New York. Spanish people come build Fort Mose for free Blacks inside St. Augustine area for 1738. For 1806, enslaved people land for Stone Fort for Nacogdoches, Texas, dey find freedom. Dem come with fake passport wey dem thief from one Kentucky judge. Spanish no gree return dem go America. The next year, more freedom seekers waka come through Texas<ref name="Barnes">{{Cite news|last=Barnes|first=Michael|date=April 13, 2021|title=One route of the Underground Railroad ran through Texas to Mexico|language=en-US|work=Austin American-Statesman|url=https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|access-date=2021-07-07|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185249/https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|url-status=live}}</ref>. Enslaved people fit libre when dem cross border from America enter Mexico, wey still be Spanish colony till nineteenth century{{sfn|Crable|2021}}. For America, dem dey see enslaved people as property. E mean say dem no fit marry, and dem fit sell dem away from dem partners. Dem no fit fight against bad punishment too. But for New Spain, dem dey recognize fugitive slaves as human beings. Dem fit join Catholic Church and marry. Dem dey protect from bad punishment too<ref name="Barnes2">{{Cite news|last=Barnes|first=Michael|date=April 13, 2021|title=One route of the Underground Railroad ran through Texas to Mexico|language=en-US|work=Austin American-Statesman|url=https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|access-date=2021-07-07|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185249/https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|url-status=live}}</ref>. During War of 1812, U.S. Army general Andrew Jackson invade Spanish Florida because enslaved people don run come from plantations for Carolinas and Georgia go Florida. Some of dem join Black Seminoles wey later move go Mexico.<ref name="Barnes3">{{Cite news|last=Barnes|first=Michael|date=April 13, 2021|title=One route of the Underground Railroad ran through Texas to Mexico|language=en-US|work=Austin American-Statesman|url=https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|access-date=2021-07-07|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185249/https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|url-status=live}}</ref> But Mexico dey send mixed signals on slavery matter. Sometimes e go allow dem to send enslaved people back into slavery and let Americans waka enter Spanish land to populate North, come start cotton plantations wey go bring enslaved people come work the land.<ref name="Barnes4">{{Cite news|last=Barnes|first=Michael|date=April 13, 2021|title=One route of the Underground Railroad ran through Texas to Mexico|language=en-US|work=Austin American-Statesman|url=https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|access-date=2021-07-07|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185249/https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|url-status=live}}</ref> For 1829, Mexican president Vicente Guerrero (wey be mixed race black man) officially cancel slavery for Mexico.{{sfn|Hudson|2015}}{{sfn|Little|2021}}. Freedom seekers from Southern plantations for Deep South, especially Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas, run come Mexico to escape slavery. At that time, Texas still dey part of Mexico.{{sfn|Hudson|2015}}<ref name="Barnes5">{{Cite news|last=Barnes|first=Michael|date=April 13, 2021|title=One route of the Underground Railroad ran through Texas to Mexico|language=en-US|work=Austin American-Statesman|url=https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|access-date=2021-07-07|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185249/https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|url-status=live}}</ref>. The Texas Revolution wey start partly to make slavery legal, lead to the formation of Republic of Texas for 1836.{{sfn|Little|2021}} After San Jacinto fight, some slaves waka come out from Houston area with Mexican army, dem see soldiers as way to run from slavery{{sfn|Burnett|2021}}. When Texas join Union for 1845, e be slave state{{sfn|Little|2021}} and Rio Grande come be di international border with Mexico.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}} Pressure between free states and slave states increase as Mexico don chop slavery and western states don join Union as free states. As dem dey add more free states join Union, na so the power of slave state representatives for Congress dey reduce..{{sfn|Crable|2021}}<ref name="Barnes6">{{Cite news|last=Barnes|first=Michael|date=April 13, 2021|title=One route of the Underground Railroad ran through Texas to Mexico|language=en-US|work=Austin American-Statesman|url=https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|access-date=2021-07-07|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185249/https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|url-status=live}}</ref> === Slavery areas den dema slave catchers === Di Southern Underground Railroad pass through slave states wey no get abolitionist societies and di organized system for di north. People wey talk against slavery dey face mob, physical assault, and dem fit hang dem. Dem get slave catchers wey dey find runaway slaves. E no dey plenty free blacks for Texas, so free blacks no fit feel safe for di state. Di network to freedom be informal, random, and e dey dangerous.{{sfn|Bird|2021}}<ref name="auto2" /> U.S. military forts wey dem build for Rio Grande border during the Mexican–American War for 1840s, dem go dey capture and return fleeing enslaved people to their masters..<ref name="Leanos">{{Cite news|last=Leanos|first=Reynaldo Jr.|date=March 29, 2017|title=This underground railroad took slaves to freedom in Mexico|language=en|work=The World, a public radio program|url=https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico|access-date=2021-07-07|archive-date=October 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018081421/https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Grant|first1=Richard|title=South to the Promised Land|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/southbound-underground-railroad-brought-thousands-enslaved-americans-mexico-180980328/|access-date=15 September 2024|website=Smithsonian Magazine|publisher=Smithsonian Institution}}</ref> The Fugitive Slave Act wey dem pass for 1850 make am crime to help escaping enslaved people for free states. E be like the U.S. government wan sign treaty with Mexico make dem help catch and return bonds-people. But Mexico no gree, dem allow anybody wey cross their border to be free. Slave catchers dey waka cross southern border enter Mexico come dey capture black people illegally come return them to slavery.{{sfn|Little|2021}} One group of slave hunters turn be Texas Rangers now.<ref name="Leanos2">{{Cite news|last=Leanos|first=Reynaldo Jr.|date=March 29, 2017|title=This underground railroad took slaves to freedom in Mexico|language=en|work=The World, a public radio program|url=https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico|access-date=2021-07-07|archive-date=October 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018081421/https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico|url-status=live}}</ref> === Routes === [[File:Brooklyn_Museum_-_A_Ride_for_Liberty_--_The_Fugitive_Slaves_-_Eastman_Johnson_-_overall.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brooklyn_Museum_-_A_Ride_for_Liberty_--_The_Fugitive_Slaves_-_Eastman_Johnson_-_overall.jpg|thumb|Eastman Johnson, A Ride for Liberty – The Fugitive Slaves, oil for paperboard, 22 × 26.25 inches, around 1862, Brooklyn Museum. E show family wey African Americans dey run from slavery for South USA during di American Civil War.]] Plenty of freedom seekers dey waka follow network from southern U.S. go Texas and finally reach Mexico{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}}. Southern enslaved people dey trek ‘unforgiving country’ on foot or horse while dem dey chase by lawmen and slave hunters{{sfn|Bird|2021}}. Some go hide for ferries wey dey go Mexican port{{sfn|Little|2021}} from New Orleans, Louisiana and Galveston, Texas.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}} Some even dey carry cotton go Brownsville, Texas for wagon before dem cross enter Mexico for Matamoros.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}} {{Quote box|Sometimes someone would come 'long and try to get us to run up north and be free. We used to laugh at that.|—Former slave Felix Haywood, interviewed in 1937 for the federal Slave Narrative Project.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}}|align=right|width=250px}}Plenty people waka go North Carolina, Arkansas, Alabama, Louisiana, or Mississippi go Texas and finally Mexico..{{sfn|Little|2021}}{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} Dem dey run from slavery wey dey for Indian Territory (now Oklahoma){{sfn|Burnett|2021}}. Black Seminoles dey waka for South-West route from Florida go Mexico{{sfn|Hudson|2015|p=147}}<ref name="NPS What Is3">{{cite web|title=What is the Underground Railroad?|url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/what-is-the-underground-railroad.htm|url-status=unfit|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250208022026/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/what-is-the-underground-railroad.htm|archive-date=2025-02-08|access-date=9 September 2024|website=[[National Park Service]]}}<!-- The original link may be live but it has been modified by the Trump administration making it unfit. More info: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2025/04/07/national-park-website-harriet-tubman-underground-railroad/82971945007/ --></ref>. Dem wey dey waka land way go fit carry dem last 150 miles through hot and hard land of the Nueces Strip wey dey between Nueces River and Rio Grande. No plenty shade dey and water wey fit drink no dey for this brush country{{sfn|Bird|2021}} If dem get horse and gun, dem fit survive the journey better{{sfn|Bird|2021}}. National Park Service don find route from Natchitoches, Louisiana to Monclova, Mexico in 2010 wey be roughly the southern Underground Railroad path. E still get belief say El Camino Real de los Tejas be path for freedom. President George W. Bush make am National Historic Trail for 2004.{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} === Assistance === Some people waka on dem own without any help, while others get support from pipo for the southern Underground Railroad.{{sfn|Little|2021}} Dem help include direction, shelter, and supplies. Black pipo, black and white couples, plus German immigrants wey no support slavery, give plenty support, but most help come from Mexican laborers.{{sfn|Bird|2021}}{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}}. E reach so far wey enslavers no trust any Mexican again, and dem even pass law for Texas wey no allow Mexicans talk to enslaved pipo{{sfn|Burnett|2021}}. Mexican migrant workers form tight relationship with enslaved black workers wey dem dey work with. Dem dey give advice on how e go be to cross border, plus dem dey show empathy. When slaveholders and Texan townsfolk see how Mexicans dey help enslaved pipo escape, dem go push dem from town, whip dem for public, or even lynch dem.{{sfn|Bird|2021}}{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} Some border officers help slaves wey dey cross go Mexico. For Monclova, Mexico, one border officer gather money for the town to support one family wey need food, clothes, and cash to waka continue their journey down south and escape from slave hunters<ref name="Leanos3">{{Cite news|last=Leanos|first=Reynaldo Jr.|date=March 29, 2017|title=This underground railroad took slaves to freedom in Mexico|language=en|work=The World, a public radio program|url=https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico|access-date=2021-07-07|archive-date=October 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018081421/https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico|url-status=live}}</ref>. Once dem cross the border, some Mexican authorities dey help former slaves make dem no go back to USA by slave hunters{{sfn|Burnett|2021}}. Freedom seekers wey dem carry go ferries to Mexican ports, Mexican ship captains dey support dem, one of dem even get catch for Louisiana and dem indict am for helping slaves run away.{{sfn|Crable|2021}} People sabi say if dem run away or help person comot, wahala go dey, so dem dey careful no to make mistakes. Records wey fit show fugitive slaves no plenty, but we get plenty records from people wey dey promote slavery or go catch dem. Texas Runaway Slave Project for Stephen F. Austin State University don document more than 2,500 escapes.{{sfn|Bird|2021}} === Southern freedom seekers === [[File:Tom_Blue,_General_Sam_Houston's_bodyguard.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tom_Blue,_General_Sam_Houston's_bodyguard.jpg|thumb|Tom Blue, wey General Sam Houston don enslave, him run come out join di Mexican army.]] Dem put ads for newspaper wey dey offer reward make you bring back dia "property". Slave catchers dey waka for Mexico. Dem get Black Seminoles, or Los Mascogos wey dey for northern Mexico wey dey show armed fight back.{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} Sam Houston, wey be president of Texas, na him be de slaveholder wey Tom wey run away. E waka go Texas, and when e reach, e join de Mexican military.{{sfn|Little|2018}}<ref name="auto2" /> One enslaved man wey dem brand am with letter "R" for both cheek after e try to run from slavery no work. E try am again for winter of 1819, wey e commot from him enslaver cotton plantation ride on top horse. With four oda guys, dem waka go southwest to Mexico, risk plenty wahala from bad Native Americans, slave catchers, or dem "horse-eating alligators".{{sfn|Crable|2021}} Plenty people no fit reach Mexico. For 1842, one Mexican guy and one black woman commot from Jackson County, Texas on top two horses, but dem catch dem for Lavaca River<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hammack|first1=María|date=June 5, 2019|title=Love In Times of Texas Slavery|url=https://notevenpast.org/love-in-the-time-of-texas-slavery/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813212021/https://notevenpast.org/love-in-the-time-of-texas-slavery/|archive-date=August 13, 2021|access-date=13 August 2021|website=Not Even Past|publisher=Department of History, University of Texas at Austin}}</ref>. The woman, wey be enslaved, be valuable to her owner, so dem carry her back to slavery. Her husband, wey fit be farm laborer or indentured servant, dem lynch am sharp-sharp{{sfn|Bird|2021}}. Fugitive slaves dey change dem names for Mexico. Dem go marry Mexican families and move come down south of American-Mexican border. All dis wahala make am hard to find where the people wey don free dey{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}}. For Stephen F. Austin State University, dem get database wey get runaway slave ads as part of Texas Runaway Slave Project. The Works Progress Administration during Great Depression start Federal Writers' Project to document slave stories, including dem wey stay for Mexico. One of dem be Felix Haywood, wey find freedom when he cross Rio Grande.<ref name="Leanos3" />{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} === Rio Grande stations === Two families, Webbers and Jacksons, dey stay for Rio Grande, dem dey help people escape slavery. Di husbands na white, and di wives na black women wey don suffer before.{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}}No body sabi if Nathaniel Jackson buy Matilda Hicks and her family freedom, but for di early 1860s, dem move go Hidalgo county, where dem settle down as family. Him na white southerner and she na enslaved woman, dem be childhood sweethearts for Alabama{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}} Him be di pikin of her slaveholder,{{sfn|Little|2021}} wey help seven families in 1857 and others cross enter Mexico.{{sfn|Bird|2021}}<ref name="auto2" /> Silvia Hector Webber be born as slave for West Florida, then for 1819 dem sell am go give slaveholder for Clark County, Arkansas. Di slaveholder pikin, John Cryer, carry Silvia go Mexican Texas illegally for 1828, four years after Mexico don ban slave trade enter dia territory. But Silvia no gree low am, with John Webber help, she collect freedom paper for herself and 3 pikin for 1834<ref name=":0">{{cite book|last1=Hammack|first1=María Esther|title=Handbook of Texas|date=Spring 2020|publisher=Texas State Historical Association|chapter=Silvia Hector Webber|access-date=13 August 2021|chapter-url=https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/webber-sylvia-hector-aunt-puss|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710234324/https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/webber-sylvia-hector-aunt-puss|archive-date=July 10, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>. Dem dey live antislavery life, dey hide runaway slaves for dia ranch and house. Silvia dey carry people wey wan free, on di ferry wey she get license for her ranch, go Mexico for freedom<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hammack|first1=María Esther|title=Handbook of Texas|date=Spring 2020|publisher=Texas State Historical Association|chapter=Silvia Hector Webber|access-date=13 August 2021|chapter-url=https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/webber-sylvia-hector-aunt-puss|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710234324/https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/webber-sylvia-hector-aunt-puss|archive-date=July 10, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>. John Ferdinand Webber, wey born for Vermont, dey live for Rio Grande with her wife, Silvia Hector Webber{{sfn|Contreras|2020b}}, and dem dey help enslaved people cross di Rio Grande{{sfn|Bird|2021}}. Di Jacksons and Webbers, wey both get licensed ferry service, dem dey popular for runaways.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}} === Arrival insyd Mexico === Fugi slaves wey make am reach Mexico sabi say dem fit carry dem go kidnap anytime by slave catchers or blackbirders{{sfn|Bird|2021}}. Slave hunters wey dey try carry former slaves from Mexico fit go court or dem go fit shoot dem.{{sfn|Crable|2021}}<ref name="auto2" /> Dem no get plenty support from dem new community and job options dey few. Dem no get official paper wey go show say dem dey free.{{sfn|Bird|2021}} But, dem fit sign indentured servitude contracts and join military place{{sfn|Bird|2021}}. Some people, after dem settle for Mexico, go back United States to help family run come and guide dem go Mexico.{{sfn|Bird|2021}} === Colonies === Plenty abolitionists for north dey push Mexican government make dem set up colonies for free and run away blacks. Benjamin Lundy, wey be Quaker, dey fight for colony make dem establish for wetin be Texas today during early 1830s, but e no fit as Texas carry slavery come when e separate from Mexico and become Republic of Texas (1836){{sfn|Little|2021}}. Black Seminoles sabi petition land and set colony for 1852. Di land still dey belong to dem pikin dem<ref name="auto2" />{{sfn|Little|2021}}. === Scholarships === [[File:Galveston_Weekly_News_from_May_11,_1858._"$25_Reward.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Galveston_Weekly_News_from_May_11,_1858._%22$25_Reward.jpg|thumb|$25 Reward for Tom, ''Galveston Weekly News'' from May 11, 1858]] The Texas Runaway Slave Project dey Nacogdoches for Stephen F. Austin State University. Dem don research all di runaway ads wey show for 19,000 newspaper editions from mid-19th century.{{sfn|Burnett|2021}} Alice L. Baumgartner study how plenty people wey run from slavery from di Southern states go Mexico. She publish book wey be South to Freedom: Runaway Slaves to Mexico and the Road to the Civil War<ref name="Barnes7">{{Cite news|last=Barnes|first=Michael|date=April 13, 2021|title=One route of the Underground Railroad ran through Texas to Mexico|language=en-US|work=Austin American-Statesman|url=https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|access-date=2021-07-07|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185249/https://www.statesman.com/story/news/history/2021/04/13/slaves-moved-through-texas-freedom-mexico/7141742002/|url-status=live}}</ref>. Thomas Mareite do him PhD for Leiden University, e research di social and political level of di enslaved dem wey escape from di U.S. South go Mexico, him title na Conditional Freedom: Free Soil and Fugitive Slaves from the U.S. South to Mexico's Northeast, 1803–1861<ref>Mareite, Thomas, ''Conditional Freedom: Free Soil and Fugitive Slaves from the US South to Mexico's Northeast, 1803–1861'' (PhD Diss., Leiden University, 2020) https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/handle/1887/85166 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307090353/https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/handle/1887/85166|date=March 7, 2022}}</ref>. Roseann Bacha-Garza from University of Texas Rio Grande Valley dey handle historical archeology projects, she don research di cases of enslaved people wey run go Mexico. .<ref name="Leanos4">{{Cite news|last=Leanos|first=Reynaldo Jr.|date=March 29, 2017|title=This underground railroad took slaves to freedom in Mexico|language=en|work=The World, a public radio program|url=https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico|access-date=2021-07-07|archive-date=October 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018081421/https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico|url-status=live}}</ref>{{sfn|Contreras|2020a}}Mekala Audain don publish one chapter wey dem title "A Scheme to Desert: The Louisiana Purchase and Freedom Seekers in the Louisiana-Texas Borderlands, 1804–1806" for di book wey dem edit call In Search of Liberty: African American Internationalism for di Nineteenth-Century Atlantic World<ref>{{cite book|last1=Johnson|first1=Angelo|title=In Search of Liberty: African American Internationalism in the Nineteenth-Century Atlantic World|date=2021|publisher=University of Georgia Press|location=Athens}}</ref>. Maria Esther Hammack finish her PhD on top di matter for 2021 for di University of Texas for Austin. <ref name="Leanos5">{{Cite news|last=Leanos|first=Reynaldo Jr.|date=March 29, 2017|title=This underground railroad took slaves to freedom in Mexico|language=en|work=The World, a public radio program|url=https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico|access-date=2021-07-07|archive-date=October 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201018081421/https://www.pri.org/stories/2017-03-29/underground-railroad-took-slaves-freedom-mexico|url-status=live}}</ref> === "Reverse Underground Railroad" === Freedom seekers no be di only black people wey dey risk from slave catchers. Di demand for slaves dey high for di Deep South as dem dey plant cotton, strong, healthy blacks wey dey for dia best working and reproductive years dem dey see am as valuable goods. Both former slaves and free blacks fit suffer kidnap and sold as slaves, like di case wey dem sabi of Solomon Northup, wey be New York-born free black wey dem kidnap by Southern slavers as he dey visit Washington, DC. "Certificates of freedom", or "free papers", na signed and notarized statements wey show say individual Blacks be free. Dem fit easily destroy or steal am, so e no dey provide strong protection. Some buildings, like Crenshaw House for far-southeastern Illinois, na places wey people sabi say dem dey sell free blacks into slavery, dem dey call am di "Reverse Underground Railroad."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Meyers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SHZWEAAAQBAJ&q=crenshaw%20house|title=The Reverse Underground Railroad in Ohio|last2=Walker|date=2022|publisher=History Press|isbn=9781467150842}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Snodgrass|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RmqsBwAAQBAJ&q=reverse%20underground%20railroad|title=The Underground Railroad An Encyclopedia of People, Places, and Operations|date=2015|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=9781317454151}}</ref> === American Revolutionary War routes (1775 to 1783) === During American Revolution War, dem wey dey enslave run come out, dem go meet British, Canada, Florida, and Native American land. Last Royal Governor for Virginia, Lord Dunmore, plan to scatter American colonists by dropping proclamation for 1775 wey go free any enslaved wey run comot join British side. According to PBS and National Park Service article, this proclamation make about 100,000 people wey wan get freedom escape during the war. American colonial officers dey receive plenty request to bring back runaway slaves. For November 1775, Dunmore start military group of 300 freedom seekers for North Carolina wey dem call 'the Ethiopian Regiment.' For Virginia, 800 freedom seekers join this regiment.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Fitzgibbons|first1=Ellen|title=Dunmore's Ethiopian Regiment|url=https://www.ncpedia.org/dunmores-ethiopian-regiment#:~:text=In%20November%201775%20Dunmore%2C%20who,as%20%22Dunmore's%20Ethiopian%20Regiment.%22|access-date=11 September 2024|website=Encyclopedia of North Carolina}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Allen|first1=Kathryn|last2=Shuck-Hall|first2=Sheri|date=February 22, 2024|title=The Ethiopian Regiment and the Fight for Independence|url=https://www.explorehistorycnu.org/2024/02/22/the-ethiopian-regiment-and-the-fight-for-independence/|access-date=11 September 2024|website=Christopher Newport University's}}</ref>. American colonists dey try stop freedom seekers from joining British by sending slave patrols to catch dem, and dem dey publish newspaper talk say British no go do anything about their promise to free runaway slaves<ref>{{cite web|title=Virginia: Group Escape, November 26, 1775|url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/group-escape-virginia-november-26-1775.htm|access-date=19 September 2024|website=Underground Railroad Network to Freedom|publisher=The National Park Service}}</ref>. Plenty free and enslaved Black people fight with British in hope say dem go fit get freedom. Dem call dem Black Loyalists. Black Loyalists wey serve with British for one year collect Certificates of Freedom and dem carry dem go live as free people for Bahamas and Jamaica, some even go Canada<ref>{{cite web|date=February 13, 2024|title=Harry Washington|url=https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/1bbc314b54da43d99dd890e3b3f4b0c5|access-date=19 September 2024|website=Underground Railroad Network to Freedom|publisher=The National Park Service}}</ref>. Between 1783 and 1785, 3,000 enslaved and free Black Americans settle for British colony wey dem dey call Nova Scotia, Canada<ref>{{cite web|last1=Oyeniran|first1=Channon|title=Black Loyalists in British North America|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/black-loyalists-in-british-north-america|access-date=16 September 2024|website=The Canadian Encyclopedia}}</ref>. Other enslaved people run come join Continental Army or Patriot militias. Black Americans wey fight for Continental Army dem call Black Patriots, and some of dem earn their freedom through their military work. Some enslaved wey run use their master horse take escape during war.<ref>{{cite web|title=Runaways 1740–1783|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part2/2p17.html#:~:text=An%20estimated%20100%2C000%20took%20advantage,slaves%20in%20one%20year%20alone.|access-date=9 September 2024|website=Africans in America|publisher=PBS}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Freedom Denied? Enslaved Soldiers During the Revolution|url=https://www.nps.gov/fost/blogs/freedom-denied-enslaved-soldiers-during-the-revolution.htm|access-date=11 September 2024|website=Fort Stanwix National Monument|publisher=The National Park Service}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Ayres|first1=Edward|title=African Americans and the American Revolution|url=https://www.jyfmuseums.org/learn/research-and-collections/essays/african-americans-and-the-american-revolution|access-date=11 September 2024|website=American Revolution Museum at Yorktown}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Revolutionary War|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part2/2narr4.html|access-date=11 September 2024|website=Africans in America|publisher=PBS}}</ref> === War of 1812 routes === [[File:William_Williams_Black_Soldier_U.S._Army_War_of_1812.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:William_Williams_Black_Soldier_U.S._Army_War_of_1812.jpg|thumb|William Williams be one runaway wey dem dey hold before, plus e be Black Soldier for U.S. Army during War of 1812.<ref>{{cite web|title=William Williams|url=https://www.nps.gov/people/william-williams.htm|access-date=10 September 2024|website=Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine, Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail|publisher=The National Park Service}}</ref>]] For di War of 1812, 700 enslaved people for Maryland run away from slavery<ref>{{cite web|title=African Americans and the War of 1812|url=https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdstatehouse/war1812/html/afam_war.html#:~:text=Upwards%20of%20700%20slaves%20from,widow%20of%20Governor%20Benjamin%20Ogle.|access-date=10 September 2024|website=The Maryland State Archives}}</ref>. Bfore di war, people wey dey find freedom dey waka go Michigan Territory, cross Detroit River. As time dey go, plenty African Americans wey don escape dey increase for di territory. Territorial governor William Hull gree Peter Denison, wey be enslaved man, “one written license” make e fit form militia company of free Blacks and escaped slaves. Dem men be armed and trained but Hull scatter di militia. Some of di Black men for di militia run from slavery for British Canada. For di 18th century, dem dey practice slavery for Canada, and by 1793, dem don phase am out, but some Black Canadians still dey enslaved. For late 18th century and early 19th century, di route wey freedom seekers dey follow go south start from British Canada to finish for free American territories for di Old Northwest. By di War of 1812, slave laws for British Canada stop di continuation of slavery. Dis one change di final places wey freedom seekers for di United States dey look for, dey dey turn eye go north to Canada to take dem freedom. For di summer of 1812, Hull talk say enslaved runaways and free Blacks for di Michigan Territory be free citizens, and when war burst with Britain, Black citizens of Michigan carry arms fight di British. After him military service, Peter Denison and in family waka go north to Canada.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Allen Smith|first1=Gene|title=The Underground Railroad of 1812: Paths to freedom along the Canadian border|url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/the-underground-railroad-changes-course.htm#:~:text=Yet%20by%20the%20end%20of,new%20Canadian%20land%20of%20freedom.|access-date=10 September 2024|website=The National Park Service}}</ref> === Black Refugees === For April 1814, British Army talk say dem go give freedom to enslaved Black Americans wey join dem military or choose freedom inside British colonies. For Chesapeake Region inside Virginia and Maryland plus coastal areas of Georgia, about 4,000 enslaved Black Americans escape from slavery. Inside the 4,000 freedom seekers wey don run away, 2,000 catch ship go Nova Scotia from September 1813 to August 1816 for naval vessels and private ships wey British plan and dem carry dem go Nova Scotia and New Brunswick for Canada, plus 400 freedom seekers wey go Trinidad for Caribbean. De Black people wey settle for British Canada dem dey call Black refugees wey run from slavery for United States and side with British during War of 1812.<ref>{{cite web|date=April 20, 2020|title=African Nova Scotians in the Age of Slavery and Abolition|url=https://archives.novascotia.ca/africanns/results/?Search=&SearchList1=4|access-date=16 September 2024|website=Nova Scotia Archives}}</ref> === Merikens === De Merikins be former enslaved Black Americans wey don escape slavery, join British military all-Black unit of Colonial Marines during War of 1812. When de war finish, dem carry dem go plenty British colonies to live as free people. About 700 Colonial Marines go Trinidad for Caribbean. Even though slavery dey legal for Trinidad, dem promise say dem go protect dem under commander Robert Mitchell. De former Black Americans dey call demself Merikens, na short form of 'Americans' and start new life for Trinidad inside six Company Villages for de southern side of de island<ref>{{cite web|title=Celebrating the Merikins|url=https://natt.gov.tt/sites/default/files/pdfs/Celebrating-the-Merikins.pdf|access-date=16 September 2024|website=National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago}}</ref>. De Trinidad government dey provide Merikens with food, rations, clothes, and tools wey dem need to build dem home, and dem dey grow dem own food like corn, pumpkin, plantain, and rice..<ref>{{cite web|title=The Merikins|url=https://www.nps.gov/stsp/learn/historyculture/merikins.htm|access-date=16 September 2024|website=Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail|publisher=The National Park Service}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Fergus|first1=Claudius|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kUrRM-RVRJ4C&dq=merikins+slavery&pg=PA115|title=Revolutionary Emancipation Slavery and Abolitionism in the British West Indies|date=2013|publisher=Louisiana State University Press|isbn=9780807149898|page=113}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=A Guide to the Merikin Collection|url=https://www.natt.gov.tt/sites/default/files/images/NATT%20Merikin%20Collection%20GuideREV2021.pdf|access-date=16 September 2024|website=National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago}}</ref> === De "Saltwater Railroad" freedom route === [[File:The_merchant_vessel_-_a_sailor_boy's_voyages_around_the_world_(1884)_(14593118478).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_merchant_vessel_-_a_sailor_boy's_voyages_around_the_world_(1884)_(14593118478).jpg|thumb|A scene in the Bahamas in 1884]] From 1821 to 1861, people wey wan be free escape from Southeastern slave states like South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida go Bahamas through secret way dem dey call the "Saltwater Railroad." Before 1821, Florida be Spanish colony wey historians dey call Spanish Florida, where runaways fit dey free under Spanish law. But by 1821, America take over Florida. Free Blacks for Florida dey fear say dem fit go back to slavery under American law, so plenty free people run go Bahamas. From 1821 to 1825, Southern beaches for Florida be like safe haven for freedom seekers wey dey find boat wey go take dem go island. Some other freedom seekers even make their own canoes and boats and waka go Bahamas by demself..<ref>{{cite web|last1=Campbell|first1=Nicole|date=April 26, 2020|title=The Saltwater Railroad (1821 to 1861)|url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/the-saltwater-railroad-1821-1861/|access-date=12 September 2024|website=The Black Past}}</ref><ref name="auto42">{{cite web|last1=Wills|first1=Matthew|date=September 6, 2019|title=The Saltwater Railroad|url=https://daily.jstor.org/the-saltwater-road/|access-date=12 September 2024|website=JSTOR Daily}}</ref> [[File:Gulf_of_Mexico.png|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gulf_of_Mexico.png|thumb|Pipo wey dey suffer for USA, dem comot from South Florida side with boat go Bahamas.]] By 1825, dem dey build Cape Florida Lighthouse (wey e dey Miami-Dade now) wey mess up for enslaved pipo wey wan run go night for boat off Florida coast because of di bright light wey fit show sailors how to dey come off Florida Reef. Di Bahamas dey attract enslaved pipo because dem get Black Seminoles and oda escapees dey. Di Bahamas be British controlled island wey for under local imperial practices, Black pipo fit own land, go school, and marry legal. Plus, in 1825, Britain talk say any escapee wey reach British lands go be free. Dis talk make plenty slaves for United States waka go di island. By di 1830s, historians dey estimate say at least 6,000 freedom seekers find dem way go di Bahamas, and by di 1840s, di Bahamas get plenty enslaved runaways more than any British colony for di Caribbean<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Knetsch |first1=Joe |last2=Winsboro |first2=Irvin |date=2013 |title=Florida Slaves, the 'Saltwater Railroad' to the Bahamas, and Anglo-American Diplomacy |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23795403 |journal=The Journal of Southern History |volume=79 |issue=1 |page=56 |jstor=23795403 |access-date=12 September 2024}}</ref>. Di actions of Britain wey wan free enslaved Americans scatter dem relationship with United States. For 1841, for di slave ship, Creole, slave revolt happen. Di Creole wey come from Virginia carry over one hundred enslaved pipo dey go New Orleans, Louisiana. Di enslaved pipo revolt, take control for di ship, and drive am go Nassau for di Bahamas. Dis revolt catch international eyes; di escapees face charge, but dem later free dem..<ref name="auto43">{{cite web|last1=Wills|first1=Matthew|date=September 6, 2019|title=The Saltwater Railroad|url=https://daily.jstor.org/the-saltwater-road/|access-date=12 September 2024|website=JSTOR Daily}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Lyons|first1=Douglas|title='Saltwater Railroad' had its roots on Cape Florida|url=https://www.floridarambler.com/historic-florida-getaways/saltwater-railroad-cape-florida/|access-date=12 September 2024|agency=Florida Rambler|date=2024}}</ref> === Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 === [[File:From_Library_of_Congress-_"Print_shows_a_portrait_of_the_fugitive_slave_Anthony_Burns,_whose_arrest_and_trial_under_the_Fugitive_(32f5b651-55ed-457d-8c2e-45b46a5dcc24).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:From_Library_of_Congress-_%22Print_shows_a_portrait_of_the_fugitive_slave_Anthony_Burns,_whose_arrest_and_trial_under_the_Fugitive_(32f5b651-55ed-457d-8c2e-45b46a5dcc24).jpg|thumb|One portrait of freedom guy, Anthony Burns, wey dem catch under Fugitive Slave Law]] For di Fugitive Slave Act wey come out for 1850, if dem catch suspected runaways and carry dem go meet di special magistrate wey dem dey call commissioner, dem no get right to trial for jury and dem no fit talk for demself. Between 1850 and 1860, 343 people wey dey find freedom don go meet commissioner, an 332 of dem go back to slavery. Commissioners go collect ten dollars if dem rule for slaveholder side, an if dem rule for di slave side, dem go collect five dollars. Technically, dem no dey accuse anybody of crime. Di marshal or private slave-catcher just need swear oath to collect writ wey go allow dem carry back property. Dem go charge person wey help freedom seeker escape fine of 1,000 dollars.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Paul|first1=Catherine|date=December 26, 2015|title=Fugitive Slave Act of 1850|url=https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/federal/fugitive-slave-act-of-1850/|access-date=14 September 2024|website=Virginia Commonwealth University}}</ref> Congress dey under Southern men hand because dem population for their states rise sharp with three-fifths of slaves wey dey count. Dem pass Fugitive Slave Law for 1850 because dem vex say people from slavery dey run come out, and even government no dey help dem. For some part of North, slave catchers dey need police support. According to author Andrew Delbanco, "Northerners start sabi say slavery no be only Southern wahala after dem pass the 1850 law." Before American Civil War, nation dey split on how to manage runaway slaves. The Fugitive Slave Act make matter worse as Southern slave owners get power to carry back freedom seekers wey don escape to North and drag dem go back South. Northerners sef get law wey go make dem help return runaways<ref>{{cite web|last1=Gross|first1=Terry|title=How The Fugitive Slave Act Paved The Way For The Civil War|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/11/08/777212545/how-the-fugitive-slave-act-paved-the-way-for-the-civil-war|access-date=12 September 2024|website=South Carolina Public Radio (NPR)}}</ref> Some freedom seekers like Anthony Burns, John Price, Shadrach Minkins, Stephen Pembroke and him two pikin plus others dey arrest under this law. Abolitionists dey use this cases push slavery matter enter national gist; dem dey argue say di way enslaved people dey run away fit show say we need to end slavery.<ref>{{cite web|date=August 15, 2016|title=Fugitive Slave Case: Stephen Pembrook|url=https://www.archives.gov/nyc/exhibit/stephen-pembrook.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240913133605/https://www.archives.gov/nyc/exhibit/stephen-pembrook.html|archive-date=September 13, 2024|access-date=13 September 2024|website=The National Archives and Records Administration}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Gonzalez|first1=Jennifer|date=February 10, 2023|title='Law or No Law': Abolitionist Resistance to the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850|url=https://blogs.loc.gov/law/2023/02/law-or-no-law-abolitionist-resistance-to-the-fugitive-slave-act-of-1850/|access-date=13 September 2024|website=Library of Congress}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Maltz|first1=Earl|title=The Trial of Anthony Burns (1854)|url=https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/burns-anthony-the-trial-of-1854/|access-date=13 September 2024|website=Encyclopedia of Virginia|publisher=Virginia Humanities}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Shadrach Minkins (d. 1875)|url=https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/minkins-shadrach-d-1875/|access-date=14 September 2024|website=Encyclopedia of Virginia|publisher=Virginia Humanities}}</ref> Some weeks after dem pass fugitive slave law, the Black people for Northern cities begin dey reduce as plenty formerly enslaved African Americans waka go Canada because dem dey fear say dem go fit catch dem and re-enslave dem. For August 1, 1834, Britain come abolish slavery for Canada and everywhere wey British Empire dey, make Canada beta place for American slaves and free Blacks wey dey find freedom<ref>{{cite web|date=July 31, 2020|title=The Enslavement of African People in Canada (c. 1629–1834)|url=https://www.canada.ca/en/parks-canada/news/2020/07/the-enslavement-of-african-people-in-canada-c-16291834.html|access-date=22 September 2024|website=Government of Canada}}</ref>. For Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, plenty Black waiters wey dey work for hotel run go Canada. Columbia for Pennsylvania Black population drop by half. Between mid-February and early March 1851, one hundred free African Americans and fugitives run away from Boston. Abolitionists for Detroit, Michigan carry 1,200 free people go Canada. By December 1850, dem estimate say 3,000 African Americans don find shelter for Canada.<ref name=":1">{{cite journal |last1=Horton |first1=James |last2=Horton |first2=Louis |date=1993 |title=A Federal Assault: African Americans and the Impact of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 – Symposium on the Law of Slavery: Constitutional Law and Slavery |url=https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=2905&context=cklawreview |journal=Symposium on the Law of Slavery |volume=68 |issue=3 |pages=1187–1188 |access-date=14 September 2024}}</ref> === American Civil War routes (1861 to 1865) === [[File:Contraband_foreground_-_Copy.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Contraband_foreground_-_Copy.jpg|thumb|Dem wey run away from slavery come join Union side for Civil War, dem dey call am contraband.]] For di American Civil War, di Union Army catch Southern towns like Beaufort for South Carolina, St. Simons Island for Georgia, and plenty other places, and dem set camp. Because of dat, enslaved people wey dey nearby plantations escape from slavery come run go meet Union lines for freedom and to join fight for di Union Army. American historian Eric Foner talk am for him book, Gateway to Freedom: Di Hidden History of di Underground Railroad, say: "...di Civil War really change di chances wey dey available for slaves wey wan find freedom. As soon as federal troops show up for Maryland, wey mean di war don start, slaves dey find safety with di Union...<ref name=":1" />"{{sfn|Foner|2015}} Susie King Taylor be born slave for Liberty County, Georgia, e come escape from slavery with her family go meet Union line for St. Catherine's Island, Georgia, thanks to her uncle wey help am take waka for federal gunboat wey dey sail near Fort Pulaski wey Confederate get. Plus, plenty enslaved Black Americans don run away from slavery go meet Union line for South Carolina Sea Islands<ref>{{cite web|title=Susie King Taylor|url=https://www.nps.gov/people/susie-king-taylor.htm|access-date=8 September 2024|website=Fort Pulaski National Monument, Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie National Historical Park, Reconstruction Era National Historical Park|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Susie King Taylor An African American Nurse and Teacher in the Civil War|url=https://www.loc.gov/ghe/cascade/index.html?appid=5be2377c246c4b5483e32ddd51d32dc0&bookmark=Narrative%20of%20War|access-date=11 September 2024|website=Library of Congress}}</ref>. For 1861, Jarvis Harvey sef escape from slavery, e waka go Union line for Fortress Monroe, Virginia<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Hahn|first1=Steven|title=The Largest, Most Successful Slave Revolt in History? What historians get wrong about the actions of enslaved people during the Civil War.|url=https://slate.com/human-interest/2015/10/why-historians-are-reluctant-to-call-the-american-civil-war-a-slave-rebellion.html|website=The Slate|date=October 13, 2015|access-date=8 September 2024}}</ref>. Robert Sutton come born slave for Alberti Plantation near Florida border wey dey with Georgia, during Civil War, e build canoe escape come Port Royal, South Carolina, where Black Americans dey free from slavery after Battle of Port Royal, and he join to fight for the 1st South Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment<ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Suttion|url=https://www.nps.gov/people/robert-sutton.htm|access-date=8 September 2024|website=Reconstruction Era National Historical Park|publisher=The National Park Service}}</ref>. Prince Rivers flee from slavery too, e find freedom for Union line for Port Royal after him enslaver don run come Beaufort when Union Navy and Army show up. Rivers later join to fight for the 1st South Carolina Volunteer Infantry Regiment<ref>{{cite web|last1=Poole|first1=Scott|title=Rivers, Prince|url=https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/rivers-prince/|access-date=8 September 2024|website=South Carolina Encyclopedia|publisher=University of South Carolina, Institute for Southern Studies}}</ref>. On May 12, 1862, Robert Smalls and sixteen enslaved people escape from slavery during Civil War on top Confederate ship, dem sail am out of Charleston Harbor go meet Union blockade for South Carolina.<ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Smalls|url=https://www.nps.gov/people/robert-smalls.htm|access-date=8 September 2024|website=Fort Sumter and Fort Moultrie National Historical Park, Reconstruction Era National Historical Park|publisher=The National Park Service}}</ref> [[File:Contraband_Camp,_formerly_used_as_a_Female_Seminary.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Contraband_Camp,_formerly_used_as_a_Female_Seminary.jpg|thumb|Contraband camps dey start during di Civil War, e give shelter and protection for di new free people wey dey area wey Union get control for di South.]] Underground Railroad agents dey change their plans and escape route near Union camps becos plenty freedom seekers dey run enter Union territory instead of North<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jones|first1=Viola|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CIphDwAAQBAJ|title=A Primary Source Investigation of the Underground Railroad|last2=Wolny|first2=Philip|date=2015|publisher=Rosen Publishing|isbn=9781499435177|page=46}}</ref>. For example, Kansas become state for 1861, and dem ban slavery for there. During Civil War, abolitionists, free staters, and Jayhawkers dey help free people wey escape slavery from Missouri (wey be slave state wey dey near Kansas) and carry dem back to Kansas as war contraband<ref>{{cite web|title=First to Serve-1st Kansas Colored Infantry Regiment|url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/1stkansas.htm|access-date=9 September 2024|website=Fort Scott National Historic Site|publisher=The National Park Service}}</ref>. One article from National Park Service talk how Civil War change the escape routes and where freedom seekers dey go: "But as Union troops show for border states, islands for Atlantic coast, and lower Mississippi Valley, e be like thousands of blacks take chance to free themselves by running go Yankee (Union) camps. Dem first plan to send dem back to their masters no last. The runaways become 'contraband,' or war property. Plenty of dem sharp sharp find work inside Union lines and their family members come start join dem."<ref name="auto52">{{cite web|title=Historic Context for the Underground Railroad|url=https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/ugrr/exugrr2.htm#:~:text=The%20runaways%20became%20%22contraband%2C%22,the%20Army%20were%20initially%20rebuffed.|access-date=8 September 2024|website=Researching and Interpreting the Underground Railroad|publisher=The National Park Service}}</ref> [[File:Contrabands_at_headquarters_of_General_Lafayette_LCCN2014646902.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Contrabands_at_headquarters_of_General_Lafayette_LCCN2014646902.jpg|thumb|Contraband dey for General Lafayette base for Yorktown, Virginia]] Di word contraband na wetin Union General Benjamin Butler give di enslaved wey run away. For 1861, three enslaved guys for Norfolk, Virginia, Shepard Mallory, Frank Baker, and James Townsend, don run comot slavery go Union lines for Fort Monroe. Butler no gree follow di Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 wey say make dem return escaped slaves to dem masters. Instead, Butler hold di three guys because dem be 'property' of di Confederate States and no be di United States wey pass di Fugitive Slave Act. Article from di National Trust for Historical Preservation talk say: '...Butler sabi say e no make sense to respect di Fugitive Slave Law wey dey force am return di three guys to dem owner. Dem dey help build one Confederate battery wey dey threaten im fort. Why go send dem back come help dem? So di general comot one smart solution: Because Virginia don comot from di Union, im argue say e no fit return di guys again. Rather, according to military law wey dey govern war, im go take di three guys as contraband—property wey enemy go use against di Union.'<ref>{{cite web|last1=Wills|first1=Eric|title=The Forgotten: The Contraband of America and the Road to Freedom|url=https://savingplaces.org/stories/the-forgotten-the-contraband-of-america-and-the-road-to-freedom|access-date=8 September 2024|website=National Trust for Historic Preservation}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Confederate Slave Contraband, and the American Civil War, a story|url=https://aaregistry.org/story/confederate-contraband-and-the-american-civil-war-a-story/|access-date=8 September 2024|website=African American Registry}}</ref>[[File:Corinth_Contraband_Camp_(2c163208-1dd8-b71c-079b-9015087c01e4).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Corinth_Contraband_Camp_(2c163208-1dd8-b71c-079b-9015087c01e4).jpg|thumb|Plaque wey go make us remember Corinth Contraband Camp]]As Civil War dey go on, places for South and border states turn refugee camps for people wey wan free dey seek better life. Washington D.C. na big refugee zone during the war. For April 16, 1862, Congress pass Compensated Emancipation Act wey komot slavery for District of Columbia. After dem pass this law, plenty freedom seekers from Virginia and Maryland escape come find freedom for District of Columbia, and by 1863, 10,000 refugees (former runaway slaves) dey inside city, plus dem numbers don double Black population for Washington, D.C. During the war, people wey dey enslave for Beaufort County, South Carolina escape from slavery and run go Union lines for Beaufort because African Americans for the county don free after the Battle of Port Royal on November 7, 1861 when plantation owners don japa as Union Navy and Army land. So e be say, dem start one refugee camp to give safety and protection to people wey wan find freedom. At first, na sixty to seventy people dey run from dem wahala, but as time pass, refugees grow reach 320. The Union Army no get enough food and clothes to take care of dem. Free men, women, and pikin for Beaufort's refugee camp dey collect money to work for the Union as cooks, laundry people, servants, and carpenters. Union force don occupy Corinth, Mississippi and slaves wey dey near palm plantation don run come meet Union lines. To fit help the freedom seekers, general Grenville M. Dodge create the Corinth Contraband Camp wey get houses, schools, hospitals, churches, and paid jobs for African Americans. Dem talk say Corinth Contraband Camp provide new life for 6,000 former slaves.<ref>{{cite web|title=Corinth Contraband Camp|url=https://www.nps.gov/shil/planyourvisit/contrabandcamp.htm|access-date=9 September 2024|website=Shiloh National Military Park|publisher=The National Park Service}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Corinth Contraband Camp|url=https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/corinth-contraband-camp-poi.htm|access-date=9 September 2024|website=The National Park Service}}</ref> ==== Union Navy den Emancipation ==== [[File:Company_of_colored_troops._(3110840538).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Company_of_colored_troops._(3110840538).jpg|thumb|Free Blacks and pple wey don escape slavery join to fight for Union Army and Navy.]] De Secretary of Navy for dat Civil War na Gideon Welles. For September 1861, Welles talk say both enslaved and free African Americans fit join the Union Navy as 'Boy' rating. Union ships wey dey for Southern ports dey collect plenty runaways wey escape slavery with small boats to join ships wey dey for Union territory. Benjamin Gould, for him journal, jot down say by September 22, 1862, eight freedom seekers land for USS Cambridge plus 20 more wey come two weeks later. One of dem wey escape be William Gould, wey later join the Union Navy fight against Confederacy from 1862 to 1865. The Union ship USS Harftford help to free enslaved people as e dey waka go up Mississippi River. Bartholomew Diggins wey serve for the ship remember how dem dey free the enslaved. He talk say: 'we dey pick many negroes wey dey waka come join the ships for small boats anytime we anchor.' Other Union ships like USS Essex and USS Iroquois join for the liberation too. Some Union soldiers and sailors even carry escape slaves go back to their masters.<ref>{{cite web|title=African Americans in the U.S. Navy During the Civil War|url=https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/wars-conflicts-and-operations/civil-war-archive1/african-americans-in-the-u-s--navy-during-the-civil-war.html#:~:text=The%20Navy%20drew%20upon%20these,of%20the%20Navy%27s%20enlisted%20manpower.|access-date=19 September 2024|website=Naval History and Heritage Command}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Stanford professor finds inspiration, fortitude from the diaries of his great-grandfather, who escaped slavery|url=https://news.stanford.edu/stories/2021/06/finding-fortitude-diaries-escaped-slave|access-date=20 September 2024|website=Stanford Report|publisher=Stanford University}}</ref>. By the end of the war, 179,000 formerly enslaved and free Black Americans don fight for Union Army, and 21,000 don fight for Union Navy.<ref>{{cite web|date=August 15, 2016|title=Black Soldiers in the U.S. Military During the Civil War|url=https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/blacks-civil-war#:~:text=By%20the%20end%20of%20the,19%2C000%20served%20in%20the%20Navy.|access-date=20 September 2024|website=National Archives and Records Administration}}</ref> From the American Revolution War, go through the War of 1812, and then the Civil War, the Underground Railroad help plenty people, sometimes thousands of African Americans escape.{{sfn|Hudson|2015|pp=2, 9–10}}<ref name="auto2" /> === Legal den political === When North and South dey clash for Civil War, many Black people, whether dem dey suffer or dem free, join fight for Union Army.[<ref>Mark Lardas, ''African American Soldier in the Civil War: USCT, 1862–66''</ref>After Union win for Civil War, on December 6, 1865, dem pass Thirteenth Amendment wey say slavery no go happen again, unless na punishment for crime.<ref>Ann Heinrichs, ''The Underground Railroad''</ref> After dem pass am, sometimes the Underground Railroad dey run opposite as people wey don escape for Canada dey come back go United States<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gindy|first1=Gaye E.|url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/4979770-the-underground-railroad-and-sylvania-s-historic-lathrop-house|title=The Underground Railroad and Sylvania's Historic Lathrop House|date=2008|publisher=AuthorHouse|isbn=9781434367617|page=20|access-date=July 25, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305004015/https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/4979770-the-underground-railroad-and-sylvania-s-historic-lathrop-house|archive-date=March 5, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> === Criticism === Frederick Douglass be writer and speaker wey don escape slavery. E write serious matter about how some of our western people dey show off di so-called Underground Railroad for him first autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave (1845):<ref>Douglass, Frederick. (1845) ''Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass''. Dover Publications. Chapter 11.</ref> I no like di way some of our friends dey carry di Underground Railroad matter like say na big show, but I feel say, from wetin dem dey talk, na upperground railroad dem dey run.<ref>Douglass, Frederick. (1845) ''Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass''. Dover Publications. Chapter 11.</ref> E continue talk say, even though e respect di movement, e believe say all dis noise go help di slave-owners pass di slaves, because e go make dem dey watch everywhere and e go hard for future slaves to run away.<ref>Douglass, Frederick. (1845) ''Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass''. Dover Publications. Chapter 11.</ref> === Arrival insyd Canada === [[File:UndergroundRailroadmonumentWindsor.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UndergroundRailroadmonumentWindsor.jpg|thumb|253x253px|International Underground Railroad Memorial for Windsor, Ontario]] [[File:John_Brown_by_Levin_Handy,_1890-1910.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:John_Brown_by_Levin_Handy,_1890-1910.jpg|right|thumb|John Brown dey chop dem Underground Railroad as one abolitionist.]] British North America (wey be Canada now) na better place to land, cause e get long border wey plenty access, far from slave catchers, plus e no dey come under US Fugitive Slave Acts. Plus, slavery don end long time before for Canada than for US. Britain ban slavery for Canada (and most British colonies) for 1833, but slavery don already dey finish for Canada for early 19th century because of court decisions wey slaves dey use to seek freedom<ref name="Shadd2016">{{cite book|last=Shadd|first=Mary Ann|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ob1aDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA11|title=A Plea for Emigration; or Notes of Canada West: A Broadview Anthology of British Literature Edition|publisher=Broadview Press|year=2016|isbn=978-1-55481-321-6|page=11|access-date=November 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415032411/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ob1aDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA11|archive-date=April 15, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>. Plenty former slaves wey waka come Canada by boat through Lake Erie and Lake Ontario, settle for Ontario. Dem dey talk say over 30,000 people don escape go there through the network during wetin dem call di peak period for 20 years<ref name="CAN2">{{cite web|title=Settling Canada Underground Railroad|url=http://www.histori.ca/minutes/minute.do?id=10166|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106114439/http://www.histori.ca/minutes/minute.do?id=10166|archive-date=January 6, 2010|access-date=January 30, 2018|work=[[Historica Minutes]]|quote=Between 1840 and 1860, more than 30,000 people enslaved in America came secretly to Canada and freedom}}</ref>, but U.S. census fit only count like 6,000<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070713234430/http://www.cdva.ca.gov/news/GV%202-2-07.pdf "From slavery to freedom"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070713234430/http://www.cdva.ca.gov/news/GV%202-2-07.pdf|date=July 13, 2007}}, ''The Grapevine'', pp. 3–5.</ref>. Plenty stories of fugitives dey for 1872 book wey dem call The Underground Railroad Records by William Still, wey be abolitionist wey dey run Philadelphia Vigilance Committee.<ref>[[Deborah Gray White]], [[Mia Bay]], [[Waldo E. Martin Jr.]] ''Freedom on My Mind: A History of African Americans with Documents''. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, p. 287. {{ISBN|978-0-312-64883-1}}.</ref> Estimates dey vary, but at least 30,000 slaves fit don escape go Canada through di Underground Railroad<ref name="CAN">{{cite web|title=Settling Canada Underground Railroad|url=http://www.histori.ca/minutes/minute.do?id=10166|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106114439/http://www.histori.ca/minutes/minute.do?id=10166|archive-date=January 6, 2010|access-date=January 30, 2018|work=[[Historica Minutes]]|quote=Between 1840 and 1860, more than 30,000 people enslaved in America came secretly to Canada and freedom}}</ref>. Di biggest group settle for Upper Canada (Ontario), wey dem dey call Canada West since 1841. Plenty Black Canadian communities come develop for Southern Ontario, usually for di triangle wey Niagara Falls, Toronto, and Windsor dey. Some villages full with people wey dem don free from slavery establish for Kent and Essex counties for Ontario. Fort Malden, wey dey for Amherstburg, Ontario, na di main entry point for slaves wey wan enter Canada. Levi Coffin, wey be abolitionist wey help like 2,000 fugitives find safety, support dis place. E describe Fort Malden as di big landing point, di main stop for di underground railroad for di west.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Landon |first=Fred |date=1925 |title=Amherstburg, Terminus of the Underground Railroad |journal=[[Journal of Negro History]] |volume=10 |issue=1 |page=5 |doi=10.2307/2713665 |jstor=2713665 |s2cid=149997017}}</ref> After 1850, about thirty pipol each day dey cross go Fort Malden by steamboat{{sfn|Calarco|Vogel|Grover|Hallstrom|2011|p=15}}. Sultana be one of di ships wey dey make 'frequent round trips' from Great Lakes ports. Im captain, C.W. Appleby, wey dem sabi well-well as mariner, help plenty fugitives from different Lake Erie ports to Fort Malden{{sfn|Calarco|2008|p=110}}. Other fugitives for Fort Malden get support from William Wells Brown, wey be person wey don escape slavery too. E find job for one Lake Erie steamer and carry many fugitives from Cleveland go Ontario through Buffalo or Detroit. 'E dey well-known,' e talk say, 'say plenty fugitives dey escape go Canada through Cleveland. Di friends of di slave, sabi say I go carry dem free of charge, no be small, always get people when di boat land for Cleveland. Sometimes I go fit get four or five people aboard at once.' {{sfn|Brown|1848|pp=107–108}} [[File:MarthaCoffinWright.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MarthaCoffinWright.jpg|thumb|Martha Coffin Wright dey run her house for Auburn, New York as one stop for Underground Railroad, and Harriet Tubman sabi come there well well when she dey do her rescue work. Wright house join other safe houses for New York wey go fit take people go Canada.<ref>{{cite web|title=Martha C. Wright|url=https://www.nps.gov/wori/learn/historyculture/martha-c-wright.htm|access-date=16 September 2024|website=Women's Rights National Historical Park}}</ref>]]Anoda place wey dey important na Nova Scotia, wey Black Loyalists first settle during American Revolution, and later Black Refugees come dey land during War of 1812 (make you check Black Nova Scotians). Important Black settlements still develop inside other parts of British North America (wey be Canada now). Dis one include Lower Canada (wey be Quebec now) and Vancouver Island, where Governor James Douglas dey encourage Black people make dem come join because e no like slavery. E also dey hope say big Black community go fit stand strong against those wey wan join di island to United States.<ref>{{Cite web|title=First Black Settlers Arrive in Victoria|url=https://www.leg.bc.ca/dyl/Pages/First-Black-Settlers-Arrive-in-Victoria.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816142039/https://www.leg.bc.ca/dyl/Pages/First-Black-Settlers-Arrive-in-Victoria.aspx|archive-date=August 16, 2022|access-date=2022-06-18|website=www.leg.bc.ca|language=en}}</ref> When dem reach dem destinations, plenty freedom seekers dey vex, as life for Canada no easy. Even though dem no dey fear slave catchers because dem dey different country, racial discrimination still dey everywhere. Many of dem wey just land, dey compete with plenty European immigrants for jobs, and heavy racism dey common. For example, as dem settle Black Loyalists for eastern Canada by the Crown, Saint John for New Brunswick change dem charter for 1785 to make sure say Blacks no fit practice any trade, sell goods, fish for harbor, or become freemen; dem laws dey stand until 1870<ref>[http://www.saintjohn.nbcc.nb.ca/~Heritage/Black/Loyalists.htm "Arrival of the Black Loyalists: Saint John's Black Community"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519034253/http://www.saintjohn.nbcc.nb.ca/~Heritage/Black/Loyalists.htm|date=May 19, 2011}}, Heritage Resources Saint John</ref>. When Civil War start for U.S., plenty black people wey dey Canada pack go join Union Army. Some later come back to Canada, but plenty stay for United States. Many others go back to the American South after the war finish. Di wan wey dem wan reconnect with friends and family strong well, and most dem dey hopeful say emancipation and Reconstruction go bring better things. === Folklore === Dem dey talk say, from di 1980s, people don dey talk say quilt designs be way wey dem fit use signal and show enslaved people how to escape. Some pipo wey believe dis quilt theory talk say ten quilt patterns dey show enslaved people wetin to do. Dem go place di quilts one by one for fence, so dem fit alert di pipo wey dey run. Di code get double meaning: first, to tell dem say make dem prepare to run, and second, to show dem direction for di journey<ref>Williams, Ozella McDaniels, 1999.</ref>. But people dey argue di quilt design theory. Di first published work wey document oral history na 1999, and di first book wey publish dis theory be for 1980, na children book<ref name="SLJ407">{{Cite magazine|last=Aronson|first=Marc|date=April 1, 2007|url=http://www.schoollibraryjournal.com/article/CA6430152.html|title=History That Never Happened|magazine=[[School Library Journal]]|access-date=March 31, 2011|archive-date=November 9, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109103018/http://www.schoollibraryjournal.com/article/CA6430152.html|url-status=live}}</ref>. Quilt historians and people wey sabi pre-Civil War (1820–1860) America don argue dis story well well<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Stukin|first1=Stacie|title=Unravelling the Myth of Quilts and the Underground Railroad|url=http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1606271,00.html|magazine=Time|date=April 3, 2007|access-date=January 18, 2017|archive-date=January 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113104857/http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1606271,00.html|url-status=live}}</ref>. No evidence dey show say any quilt code dey, and quilt historians like Pat Cummings and Barbara Brackman don raise serious questions about di idea. Plus, Underground Railroad historian Giles Wright don publish pamphlet wey dey debunk di quilt code. Some popular but no academic sources dey claim say spiritual songs and other songs like "Steal Away" or "Follow di Drinking Gourd" get coded information wey help pipo find their way for di railroad. But dem no fit find enough evidence to back their talks. Scholars dey believe say, though di slave songs fit show say dem get hope for better life from di wahala for dis world, dem songs no really provide help for di runaway slaves.<ref name="songstory">{{cite journal |last=Kelley |first=James |date=April 2008 |title=Song, Story, or History: Resisting Claims of a Coded Message in the African American Spiritual 'Follow the Drinking Gourd |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-popular-culture_2008-04_41_2/page/262 |journal=[[The Journal of Popular Culture]] |volume=41 |issue=2 |pages=262–280 |doi=10.1111/j.1540-5931.2008.00502.x}}</ref> The Underground Railroad be inspiration for plenty culture works. Like how dem get 'Song of the Free', wey dem write am for 1860 about one guy wey dey run from slavery for Tennessee to Canada, and e dey groove to 'Oh! Susanna' beat. Every verse wey dem write dey talk about Canada as di place wey 'colored men dey free'. Slavery for Upper Canada (now Ontario) don chop finish since 1793; in 1819, John Robinson, di Attorney General for Upper Canada, talk say as you dey live for Canada<ref>{{cite web|title=Black History-From Slavery to Settlement|url=https://www.archives.gov.on.ca/en/explore/online/alvin_mccurdy/settlement.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130214020850/http://www.archives.gov.on.ca/en/explore/online/alvin_mccurdy/settlement.aspx|archive-date=February 14, 2013|access-date=June 7, 2016|website=Archives.gov.on.ca|df=mdy-all}}</ref>, black people dey free, and di Canadian courts go make sure say dem freedom dey safe. After one court ruling for 1803, slavery for Canada start dey fade fast and dem finally ban am totally for 1834. === Notable people === * Ann Bamford * John Brown * Owen Brown (poppie) * Owen Brown (son) * Samuel Burris * Obadiah Bush * Levi Coffin * Elizabeth Rous Comstock * George Corson<ref>William Still, [https://archive.org/stream/undergroundrailr00stil#page/720/mode/2up/search/corson "George Corson,"] ''The Underground Rail Road'', (Philadelphia: Porter & Coates, 1872), pp. 721–23.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.philly.com/2016-04-20/news/72457126_1_underground-railroad-runaway-slaves-zoning-variance|title=Letters: Underground Railroad site threatened in Montco|website=Articles.philly.com|access-date=June 7, 2016|archive-date=May 31, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160531195452/http://articles.philly.com/2016-04-20/news/72457126_1_underground-railroad-runaway-slaves-zoning-variance|url-status=dead}}</ref> * Moses Dickson<ref>Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates Jr, ''Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience'', Oxford University Press, 1999 {{ISBN|978-0195170559}}</ref> * Frederick Douglass<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20210628094455/https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/underground/dc1.htm "Aboard the Underground Railroad" – Boston African American NHS]. Nps.gov (September 5, 1962). Retrieved on August 16, 2013.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/part3.html |title=The Rochester Years |access-date=December 3, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111124220634/http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/part3.html |archive-date=November 24, 2011 }}</ref> * Asa Drury * George Hussey Earle Sr. * Calvin Fairbank * Bartholomew Fussell * Matilda Joslyn Gage * Thomas Galt<ref>{{cite web|title= For the People: A Newsletter of the Abraham Lincoln Association v.8 number 1 Spring 2006, Springfield, Illinois|url= http://www.abrahamlincolnassociation.org/Newsletters/8-1.pdf|access-date= October 25, 2007|archive-date= October 8, 2007|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071008172446/http://abrahamlincolnassociation.org/Newsletters/8-1.pdf|url-status= dead}}</ref> * Thomas Garrett * Sydney Howard Gay * Josiah Bushnell Grinnell * Frances Harper * Laura Smith Haviland * Lewis Hayden * John Hunn * Roger Hooker Leavitt * Jermain Wesley Loguen * Samuel Joseph May * John Berry Meachum * Mary Meachum<ref name="stlpublicradio">{{cite web| url=http://www.stlpublicradio.org/programs/commentaries/commentary.php?cid=1351#.VjVGcNAUplI| title=Mary Meachum and the Underground Railroad| publisher=St. Louis Public Radio| date=October 9, 2012| access-date=November 1, 2015| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305033819/http://www.stlpublicradio.org/programs/commentaries/commentary.php?cid=1351#.VjVGcNAUplI| archive-date=March 5, 2016| df=mdy-all}}</ref> * Cynthia Catlin Miller * William M. Mitchell * Solomon Northup * John Parker * Elijah F. Pennypacker * Mary Ellen Pleasant * John Wesley Posey * Amy and Isaac Post * Peter Quire<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 18, 2021|title=St. John's Founder Peter Quire|url=https://www.newportthisweek.com/articles/st-johns-founder-peter-quire/ |access-date=2024-09-28 |website=Newport This Week}}</ref> * John Rankin * Alexander Milton Ross * David Ruggles * Gerrit Smith * George Luther Stearns * William Still * John Ton * Charles Turner Torrey * William Troy * Harriet Tubman * Martha Coffin Wright * John Van Zandt * Bernardhus Van Leer * Silvia den John Webber * Edward Wetherill == National Underground Railroad Network == [[File:Harriet_Tubman_Underground_Railroad_NHP_VC4.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Harriet_Tubman_Underground_Railroad_NHP_VC4.jpg|thumb|Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Historical Park for Dorchester County, Maryland]] E be di law wey dem pass for 1990 make di National Park Service do special study for di Underground Railroad.<ref>{{Cite web|date=February 27, 2012|title=The Underground Railroad Leaves its Tracks in History|url=https://govbooktalk.gpo.gov/2012/02/27/underground-railroad/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515140944/https://govbooktalk.gpo.gov/2012/02/27/underground-railroad/|archive-date=May 15, 2020|access-date=June 10, 2020|website=Government Book Talk|language=en}}</ref> For 1997, di 105th Congress bring H.R. 1635 come wey dem pass am as di National Underground Railroad Network to Freedom Act of 1998, wey President Bill Clinton sign for law that year<ref>{{Cite web|last=Stokes|first=Louis|date=July 21, 1998|title=Actions – H.R.1635 – 105th Congress (1997–1998): National Underground Railroad Network to Freedom Act of 1999|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/105th-congress/house-bill/1635/actions|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610152302/https://www.congress.gov/bill/105th-congress/house-bill/1635/actions|archive-date=June 10, 2020|access-date=June 10, 2020|website=www.congress.gov}}</ref>. Dis law gree di National Park Service make dem create di National Underground Railroad Network to Freedom program make dem fit find di sites wey dey related, preserve dem, and make di Underground Railroad and di stories of di people wey do di work popular. Di National Park Service don mark plenty sites for di network, dem dey post stories about di people and places, sponsor essay contest, and hold national conference about di Underground Railroad for May or June every year.<ref>{{cite web|title=Network to Freedom Homepage|url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/index.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203193655/https://www.nps.gov/subjects/ugrr/index.htm|archive-date=December 3, 2018|access-date=January 16, 2017|website=www.nps.gov}}</ref> Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Historical Park, wey get Underground Railroad routes for three counties for Maryland East Shore and where Harriet Tubman born, na President Barack Obama create am under the Antiquities Act for March 25, 2013<ref>{{Cite web|title=Management – Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service)|url=https://www.nps.gov/hatu/learn/management/index.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610193537/https://www.nps.gov/hatu/learn/management/index.htm|archive-date=June 10, 2020|access-date=June 10, 2020|website=www.nps.gov|language=en}}</ref>. Dem also get sister park, Harriet Tubman National Historical Park for Auburn, New York, wey dem establish for January 10, 2017, wey dey focus on the later years of Tubman life and how she take join the Underground Railroad and the abolition movement<ref>{{Cite web|title=Harriet Tubman National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service)|url=https://www.nps.gov/hart/index.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610054259/https://www.nps.gov/hart/index.htm|archive-date=June 10, 2020|access-date=June 10, 2020|website=www.nps.gov|language=en}}</ref>. ==International Underground Railroad Month== Na dem designate de month of September International Underground Railroad Month, secof na September be de month Harriet Tubman den Frederick Douglass escape from slavery.<ref>{{cite web |title=International Underground Railroad Month |url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/international-underground-railroad-month.htm |website=The National Park Service |access-date=18 September 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=September is Underground Railroad Month in Maryland |url=https://www.somdnews.com/news/state/september-is-underground-railroad-month-in-maryland/article_7cecbb74-6add-11ef-95fb-a7670ec183af.html |access-date=18 September 2024 |agency=Southern Maryland News |date=2024}}</ref> ==Insyd popular culture== [[File:2023 Ohio American Innovation Dollar.jpg|thumb|De Underground Railroad be memorialized for de reverse of de 2023 Ohio American Innovation dollar top]] ===Inspirations give fiction=== * ''The Underground Railroad'' be a 2016 novel by Colson Whitehead. Na e win de 2016 National Book Award den de 2017 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/winners/colson-whitehead|title=The 2017 Pulitzer Prize Winner in Fiction|website=pulitzer.org|language=en|access-date=April 10, 2017|archive-date=April 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170411091928/http://www.pulitzer.org/winners/colson-whitehead|url-status=live}}</ref> * ''The Underground Railroad'' be a 2021 streaming television limited series, dey base on Whitehead ein novel. * ''Underground'' be an American television series wey dem premier insyd 2016, for WGN America top. === Literature === * David Walker (1829) ''Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World'' * Harriet Beecher Stowe (1852) ''Uncle Tom's Cabin'' * Caroline Lee Hentz (1854) ''The Planter's Northern Bride'' * William M. Mitchell (1860) [[s:The Under-Ground Railroad|The Under-Ground Railroad]] * Sarah Hopkins Bradford (1869) ''Scenes in the Life of Harriet Tubman''; (1896) ''Harriet Tubman, Moses of Her People'' * Barbara Smucker, (1977) Underground to Canada === Music === Na Underground Railroad be a company wey be created by [[Tupac Shakur]], Big D de Impossible, Shock G, Pee Wee, Jeremy, Raw Fusion den Live Squad plus de purpose of make dem promote den help young black women den men plus creating records, wey dey allow dem to initiate den develop dema musical careers.<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 20, 2018|title=2Pac Full UNSEEN Interview (1992) Speaks on Police Brutality|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRdVJzMhwzg|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129032503/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRdVJzMhwzg|archive-date=January 29, 2022|access-date=January 29, 2022|website=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=December 19, 2016|title=2Pacalypse Now 1991 Biography, Part 2|url=https://medium.com/@2pac/2pacalypse-now-1991-biography-part-2-cdc5d38b57fc|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220129032502/https://medium.com/@2pac/2pacalypse-now-1991-biography-part-2-cdc5d38b57fc|archive-date=January 29, 2022|access-date=January 29, 2022}}</ref> === Comics === Insyd ''Big Jim and the White Boy'', David F. Walker den Marcus Kwame Anderson dema upcoming graphic novel retelling of Mark Twain ein ''Adventures of Huckleberry Finn'', Big Jim den Huck cam be Underground Railroad agents as dem journey thru Civil War-era United States make dem rescue de former ein enslaved family.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Walker|first1=David F.|last2=Anderson|first2=Marcus Kwame|date=October 15, 2024|title=''Big Jim and the White Boy: An American Classic Reimagined''|url=https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/621145/big-jim-and-the-white-boy-by-david-f-walker-and-marcus-kwame-anderson/|url-status=live|publisher=Ten Speed Graphic}}</ref> == References == <references /> === Sources === * {{Cite news|last=Bird|first=Tyson|date=January 28, 2021|title=The Little Known History of Texas' Underground Railroad|url=https://texashighways.com/culture/history/the-little-known-history-of-texas-underground-railroad/|access-date=2021-07-05|website=Texas Highways|language=en-US|archive-date=May 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519021827/https://texashighways.com/culture/history/the-little-known-history-of-texas-underground-railroad/|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/passagestofreedo0000unse|title=Passages to Freedom: The Underground Railroad in History and Memory|date=2004|publisher=Smithsonian Books|isbn=1-58834-157-7|editor=Blight, David W.|editor-link=|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Bordewich|first=Fergus M.|url=https://archive.org/details/boundforcanaanun00bord|title=Bound for Canaan: The Underground Railroad and the War for the Soul of America|date=2005|publisher=Harper Collins|isbn=0-06-052430-8|author-link=}} * {{cite book|last=Brown|first=William W.|url=https://archive.org/details/ASPC0001881300/page/n1/mode/1up|title=Narrative of William W. Brown, a fugitive slave|publisher=The Anti-slavery Office|year=1848|edition=2nd|location=Boston|author-link=}} * {{Cite news|last=Burnett|first=John|date=February 28, 2021|title=A Chapter In U.S. History Often Ignored: The Flight Of Runaway Slaves To Mexico|language=en|work=Georgia Public Broadcasting|url=https://www.gpb.org/news/2021/02/28/chapter-in-us-history-often-ignored-the-flight-of-runaway-slaves-mexico|access-date=2021-07-08|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709195907/https://www.gpb.org/news/2021/02/28/chapter-in-us-history-often-ignored-the-flight-of-runaway-slaves-mexico|url-status=live}} (heard on ''All Things Considered'') * {{cite book|last=Calarco|first=Tom|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RyEoBnpKYygC|title=People of the Underground Railroad: A Biographical Dictionary|date=2008|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=978-0313339240|location=Westport, Connecticut|access-date=June 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729123339/https://books.google.com/books?id=RyEoBnpKYygC|archive-date=July 29, 2020|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last1=Calarco|first1=Tom|title=Places of the Underground Railroad: A Geographical Guide|last2=Vogel|first2=Cynthia|last3=Grover|first3=Kathryn|last4=Hallstrom|first4=Rae|last5=Pope|first5=Sharron L.|last6=Waddy-Thibodeaux|first6=Melissa|date=2011|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|isbn=978-0313381461|doi=10.5040/9798400697135|author1-mask=1}} * {{cite book|last=Chadwick|first=Bruce|url=https://archive.org/details/travelingundergr00chad|title=Traveling the Underground Railroad: A Visitor's Guide to More Than 300 Sites|date=2000|publisher=Citadel Press|isbn=0-8065-2093-0}} * {{Cite news|last=Contreras|first=Russell|date=September 16, 2020a|title=Story of the Underground Railroad to Mexico gains attention|language=en-US|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/story-of-the-underground-railroad-to-mexico-gains-attention/2020/09/16/2db8daa8-f82f-11ea-85f7-5941188a98cd_story.html|access-date=2021-07-07|issn=0190-8286}} * {{cite news|last=Contreras|first=Russell|author-mask=1|date=September 17, 2020b|title=Story of the Underground Railroad to Mexico gains attention|language=en-US|work=Sentinel Colorado|url=https://sentinelcolorado.com/uncategorized/story-of-the-underground-railroad-to-mexico-gains-attention/|access-date=2021-07-03|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183145/https://sentinelcolorado.com/uncategorized/story-of-the-underground-railroad-to-mexico-gains-attention/|url-status=live}} * {{Cite news|last=Crable|first=Margaret|date=February 1, 2021|title=USC Dornsife historian uncovers the Underground Railroad that ran to Mexico > News > USC Dornsife|url=http://dornsifelive.usc.edu/news/stories/3393/slaves-escape-via-underground-railroad-to-mexico/|access-date=2021-07-05|website=Dornsife, University of Southern California|language=en|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185029/http://dornsifelive.usc.edu/news/stories/3393/slaves-escape-via-underground-railroad-to-mexico/|url-status=live}}<nowiki></ref></nowiki> * {{cite book|last=Foner|first=Eric|url=https://archive.org/details/gatewaytofreedom0000fone_a5t8/page/6/mode/2up|title=Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.|year=2015|isbn=978-0-393-35219-1|location=New York}} * {{cite book|last=Forbes|first=Ella|title=But We Have No Country: The 1851 Christiana Pennsylvania Resistance|url=https://archive.org/details/butwehavenocount00forb|publisher=Africana Homestead Legacy Publishers|year=1998|isbn=978-0965330817}} * {{cite book|last1=Frost|first1=Karolyn Smardz|url=https://archive.org/details/ivegothomeinglor00smar|title=I've Got a Home in Glory Land: A Lost Tale of the Underground Railroad|last2=Osei|first2=Kwasi|publisher=Farrar, Straus & Giroux|year=2007|isbn=978-0-374-16481-2|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Griffler|first=Keith P.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xLKGinEZxygC|title=Front Line of Freedom: African Americans and the Forging of the Underground Railroad in the Ohio Valley|publisher=University Press of Kentucky|year=2004|isbn=0-8131-2298-8|access-date=November 20, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709150206/https://books.google.com/books?id=xLKGinEZxygC|archive-date=July 9, 2020|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Hagedorn|first=Ann|title=Beyond the River: The Untold Story of the Heroes of the Underground Railroad|date=2004|publisher=Simon & Schuster|isbn=0-684-87066-5}} * {{cite book|last1=Hendrick|first1=George|url=https://archive.org/details/fleeingforfreedo00geor|title=Fleeing for Freedom: Stories of the Underground Railroad As Told by Levi Coffin and William Still|last2=Hendrick|first2=Willene|date=2003|publisher=Ivan R. Dee Publisher|isbn=1-56663-546-2|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Hudson|first=J. Blaine|url=https://archive.org/details/fugitiveslavesun0000huds|title=Fugitive Slaves and the Underground Railroad in the Kentucky Borderland|date=2002|publisher=McFarland & Company|isbn=0-7864-1345-X|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Hudson|first=J. Blaine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AKRI-GNca6oC|title=Encyclopedia of the Underground Railroad|date=January 9, 2015|publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers|isbn=9781476602301|author-mask=1|access-date=May 28, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220425214455/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Encyclopedia_of_the_Underground_Railroad/AKRI-GNca6oC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Maroon|archive-date=April 25, 2022|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=LaRoche|first=Cheryl Janifer|title=Free Black Communities and the Underground Railroad: The Geography of Resistance|date=2014|publisher=University of Illinois Press|location=Urbana, Illinois}} * {{Cite news|date=October 25, 2018|first=Becky|last=Little|title=Forgotten History: Mexico accepted slave migrants fleeing the U.S.|language=en-US|work=Vallarta Daily News|url=https://www.vallartadaily.com/forgotten-history-mexico-accepted-slave-migrants-fleeing-the-u-s/|access-date=2021-07-08|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185257/https://www.vallartadaily.com/forgotten-history-mexico-accepted-slave-migrants-fleeing-the-u-s/|url-status=live}} * {{cite web|last=Little|first=Becky|author-mask=1|date=January 29, 2021|title=The Little-Known Underground Railroad That Ran South to Mexico|url=https://www.history.com/news/underground-railroad-mexico-escaped-slaves|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182027/https://www.history.com/news/underground-railroad-mexico-escaped-slaves|archive-date=July 9, 2021|access-date=2021-07-03|website=HISTORY|language=en}} * {{cite book|last=Potter|first=David M.|url=https://archive.org/details/impendingcrisis00pott|title=The Impending Crisis, 1848–1861|date=1976|publisher=Harper & Row|isbn=0-06-131929-5|author-link=|url-access=registration}} * {{cite web|title=Operating the Underground Railroad|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226091541/https://cr.nps.gov/nr/travel/underground/opugrr.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226091541/https://cr.nps.gov/nr/travel/underground/opugrr.htm|archive-date=December 26, 2016|access-date=January 29, 2007|website=National Park Service}} * {{cite news|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2944.html|title=Part 4: 1831–1865 Narrative, The Underground Railroad|work=Africans in America c. 1780–1862: Judgment Day|publisher=Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)|access-date=September 17, 2017|archive-date=June 22, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622122605/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2944.html|url-status=live}} ==Read further== * {{cite book|last=Blackett|first=R.J.M.| date=2013 |title=Making Freedom: The Underground Railroad and the Politics of Slavery|url=https://archive.org/details/makingfreedomund0000blac|location=Chapel Hill|publisher= University of North Carolina Press|isbn=978-1-4696-0877-8}} * {{cite book|last=Bolton|first=S. Charles| date=2019|title=Fugitivism: Escaping Slavery in the Lower Mississippi Valley, 1820–1860|publisher=University of Arkansas Press|isbn=9781682260999}} * {{cite book|last=Clifford Larson|first=Kate |date=2004|title=Bound For the Promised Land: Harriet Tubman, Portrait of an American Hero|url=https://archive.org/details/boundforpromised0000lars|location= New York|publisher= Ballantine Books|isbn= 0-345-45627-0|author-link=}} * {{cite book |url=http://www.shockfamily.net/underground/index.html |title=Stories of the Underground Railroad |date=1941 |last=Curtis|first=Anna L. |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331000922/http://www.shockfamily.net/underground/index.html |archive-date=March 31, 2012 }} (Stories about Thomas Garrett, a famous agent on the Underground Railroad) * {{cite book |last=Diemer |first=Andrew K.|title=Vigilance: The Life of William Still, Father of the Underground Railroad |url=https://archive.org/details/vigilancelifeofw0000andr |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf |year=2022 |isbn=9780593534380}} * {{cite book |title=I've Got a Home in Glory Land: A Lost Tale of the Underground Railroad|url=https://archive.org/details/ivegothomeinglor00smar|url-access=registration|first1=Karolyn Smardz |last1=Frost |place=New York |publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux |year=2007|isbn = 9780374531256}} * {{cite book|last=Still|first=William|url=https://archive.org/details/undergroundrailr00lcstil|title=The Underground Railroad: A Record of Facts, Authentic Narratives, Letters, &c., Narrating the Hardships, Hair-Breadth Escapes and Death Struggles of the Slaves in Their Efforts for Freedom, As Related by Themselves and Others, or Witnessed by the Author|date=1872|publisher=Porter & Coates|location=Philadelphia|author-link=}} (Classic book documenting the Underground Railroad operations in Philadelphia). ** {{cite book|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/15263|title=Public domain ebook at Project Gutenberg}} ** {{cite web|date=1872|title=Book at Internet Archive|url=https://archive.org/details/DKC0088/page/n5}} * {{cite book|last=Strother|first=Horatio T.|title=The Underground Railroad in Connecticut|date=1962|publisher=Wesleyan University Press|isbn=9780819560124}} * {{cite book|last=Turner|first=Glennette Tilley|title=The Underground Railroad in Illinois|url=https://archive.org/details/undergroundrailr0000turn|date=2001|publisher=Newman Educational Pub.|isbn=978-0938990055}} * {{cite book|title=Sailing to Freedom: Maritime Dimensions of the Underground Railroad|date=2021|publisher=University of Massachusetts Press|isbn=978-1625345936|editor-last=Walker|editor-first=Timothy Dale}} * {{cite book|last=Whitehead|first=Colson|title=The Underground Railroad|url=https://archive.org/details/undergroundrailr0000whit_f4u2|date=2016|publisher=Doubleday|isbn=978-0-385-54236-4|author-link=}}; winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2017 for its poetical, mythical reflection on the meaning of the Railroad in American history. ===Folklore den myth=== * {{cite web |url= http://www.historyofquilts.com/underground-railroad.html |website= historyofquilts.com |title= Documentary Evidence is Missing on Underground Railroad Quilts |access-date= December 15, 2004 |archive-date= May 14, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110514184559/http://www.historyofquilts.com/underground-railroad.html |url-status= dead }} * {{cite web|url=http://historiccamdencounty.com/ccnews11.shtml |website=Historic Camden County|title=New Jersey's Underground Railroad Myth-Buster: Giles Wright is on a Mission to Fine Tune Black History}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.quilthistory.com/ugrrquilts.htm|website=quilthistory.com|title=Putting it in Perspective: The Symbolism of Underground Railroad quilts|access-date=December 15, 2004|archive-date=February 4, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204013739/http://www.quilthistory.com/ugrrquilts.htm|url-status=dead}} * {{cite web|website=Womenfolk.com|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011102719/http://www.womenfolk.com/quilting_history/abolitionist.htm|title=Underground Railroad Quilts & Abolitionist Fairs|access-date=December 15, 2004|archive-date=October 11, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011102719/https://web.archive.org/web/20141011102719/http://www.womenfolk.com/quilting_history/abolitionist.htm|url-status=dead}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q868393|c=Category:Underground Railroad|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=Underground Railroad|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} {{Library resources box|onlinebooks=yes|label=the Underground Railroad}} * [https://www.nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/index.htm Underground Railroad] – National Park Service ** [https://nps.gov/subjects/undergroundrailroad/language-of-slavery.htm/index.htm Underground Railroad: Language of Slavery] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190402110001/http://www.antislaverystudies.org/ Underground Railroad Studies] * [http://www.fergusbordewich.com/underground-railroad-timeline.html Underground Railroad Timeline] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060715052736/http://www.fourr.org/ Friends of the Underground Railroad] * [http://www.freedomcenter.org National Underground Railroad Freedom Center] * [https://www.worldcat.org/profiles/BECHS/lists/651523?view=&count=100&se=ts&sd=asc&qt=sort_ts_asc%20target= Underground Railroad in Buffalo and Upstate New York]: A bibliography by The Buffalo History Museum * [https://www.newspapers.com/topics/civil-war/underground-railroad/ Newspaper articles and clippings about the Underground Railroad at Newspapers.com] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Underground Railroad| ]] [[Category:18th-century establishments insyd de United States]] [[Category:1865 disestablishments insyd de United States]] [[Category:Abolitionism insyd de United States]] [[Category:Secret places insyd de United States]] [[Category:Events of National Historic Significance (Canada)]] [[Category:Fugitive American slaves]] [[Category:British North America]] jmt69bsazm5s9dqcauf5pcv4ovbkkb8 0 15651 112453 110750 2026-09-24T23:59:06Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112453 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Slave_Auction_Ad.jpg|thumb|Reproduction of a handbill wey dey advertise a slave auction insyd Charleston, British Province of South Carolina, insyd 1769]] Na de '''Atlantic slave trade''' anaa '''transatlantic slave trade''' involve de transportation by slave traders of [[Slavery in Africa|enslaved African people]] to de Americas. Na European slave ships regularly use de triangular trade route den ein Middle Passage. Na Europeans establish a coastal slave trade insyd de 15th century den trade to de Americas begin insyd de 16th century, wey dey last thru de 19th century.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Diffie|first=Bailey|title=Prelude to Empire: Portugal Overseas Before Henry the Navigator|url=https://archive.org/details/preludetoempirep0000diff|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|year=1963|pages=[https://archive.org/details/preludetoempirep0000diff/page/58 58]}}</ref> Na de vast majority of those wey be transported insyd de transatlantic slave trade komot [[Central Africa]] den [[West Africa]] wey na dem be sold by West African slave traders to European slave traders,<ref name="apology">{{Cite news |last=Gates|first=Henry Louis Jr.|author-link=Henry Louis Gates Jr.|date=22 April 2010|title=Opinion – How to End the Slavery Blame-Game|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/23/opinion/23gates.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100426120726/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/23/opinion/23gates.html|archive-date=26 April 2010|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> while na dem capture odas directly by de slave traders insyd coastal raids.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The transatlantic slave trade|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zy7fr82/revision/3|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716004107/https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zy7fr82/revision/3|archive-date=16 July 2020|access-date=6 May 2021|publisher=BBC|quote=* Some of those enslaved were captured directly by the European slave traders. Enslavers ambushed and captured local people in Africa. Most slave ships used European "factors", men who lived full-time in Africa and bought enslaved people from local leaders.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Exchanging People for Trade Goods|url=https://www.nps.gov/ethnography/aah/aaheritage/histContextsB.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215214335/https://www.nps.gov/ethnography/aah/aaheritage/histContextsB.htm|archive-date=15 December 2022|access-date=12 January 2024|website=African American Heritage and Ethnography|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref> Na European slave traders gather den imprison de enslaved at forts for de African coast wey dem bring dem to de Americas.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Implications of the slave trade for African societies|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zxt3gk7/revision/7|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200717094706/https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zxt3gk7/revision/7|archive-date=17 July 2020|access-date=12 June 2020|publisher=BBC|location=London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=West Africa – National Museums Liverpool|url=https://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/history-of-slavery/west-africa#section--the-capture-and-sale-of-enslaved-africans|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126155135/https://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/history-of-slavery/west-africa|archive-date=26 November 2020|access-date=14 October 2015|publisher=International Slavery Museum|location=Liverpool}}</ref> Na sam Portuguese den Europeans participate insyd slave raids. As de National Museums Liverpool dey explain: "Na European traders capture sam Africans insyd raids along de coast, buh dem buy chaw of dem from local African anaa African-European dealers."<ref>{{Cite web|title=The capture and sale of enslaved Africans|url=https://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/history-of-slavery/west-africa|url-status=live|access-date=15 August 2024|website=National Museums Liverpool}}</ref> Na chaw European slave traders generally no participate insyd slave raids secof na life expectancy give Europeans insyd sub-Saharan Africa be less dan one year during de period of de slave trade secof [[malaria]] wey na e be endemic insyd de African continent.<ref name="Malaria and French Imperialism">{{Cite journal |last=Cohen |first=William |date=1983 |title=Malaria and French Imperialism |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/181856 |url-status=live |journal=The Journal of African History |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=23–36 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700021502 |jstor=181856 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240429141741/https://www.jstor.org/stable/181856 |archive-date=29 April 2024 |access-date=29 April 2024}}</ref> Na Portuguese coastal raiders find say na [[slave raiding]] be too costly den often ineffective wey dem opt for established commercial relations.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade|url=https://ldhi.library.cofc.edu/exhibits/show/africanpassageslowcountryadapt/introductionatlanticworld/trans_atlantic_slave_trade|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627115650/https://ldhi.library.cofc.edu/exhibits/show/africanpassageslowcountryadapt/introductionatlanticworld/trans_atlantic_slave_trade|archive-date=27 June 2024|access-date=28 April 2024|website=Lowcountry Digital History Initiative|publisher=College of Charleston}}</ref> Na de colonial South Atlantic den Caribbean economies be particularly dependent for slave labour top for de production of sugarcane den oda commodities.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Rise and Fall of King Sugar|url=https://www.natt.gov.tt/sites/default/files/pdfs/The-Rise-and-Fall-of-King-Sugar.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625094400/http://natt.gov.tt/sites/default/files/pdfs/The-Rise-and-Fall-of-King-Sugar.pdf|archive-date=25 June 2024|access-date=24 January 2024|website=National Archives of Trinidad and Tobago}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sugar Plantations|url=https://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/archaeologyofslavery/sugar-plantations|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127075115/https://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/archaeologyofslavery/sugar-plantations|archive-date=27 January 2024|access-date=24 January 2024|website=National Museums Liverpool}}</ref> Na dis be viewed as crucial by those Western European states wich na dem dey vie plus one anoda make dem create overseas empires.<ref name="Mannix 1962 Introduction-1–5">{{Cite book|last=Mannix|first=Daniel|url=https://archive.org/details/blackcargoeshist00mann|title=Black Cargoes|publisher=The Viking Press|year=1962|pages=Introduction–1–5|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ives Bortolot|first=Alexander|title=The Transatlantic Slave Trade|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/slav/hd_slav.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117150911/https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/slav/hd_slav.htm|archive-date=17 January 2024|access-date=17 January 2024|website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|publisher=Department of Art History and Archaeology, Columbia University}}</ref> Na de Portuguese, insyd de 16th century, be de first make dem transport slaves across de Atlantic. Insyd 1526, na dem plete de first transatlantic slave voyage to [[Brazil]], den oda Europeans soon follow.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Weber|first=Greta|date=5 June 2015|title=Shipwreck Shines Light on Historic Shift in Slave Trade|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/06/150605-shipwreck-slave-trade-south-africa-18th-century-brazil|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607030319/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/06/150605-shipwreck-slave-trade-south-africa-18th-century-brazil/|archive-date=7 June 2015|access-date=8 June 2015|publisher=National Geographic Society}}</ref> Na shipowners regard de slaves as cargo make dem be transported to de Americas as quickly den cheaply as possible,<ref name="Mannix 1962 Introduction-1–5" /> for der make dem sell dem make work for coffee, tobacco, cocoa, sugar, den cotton plantations, gold den silver mines, rice fields, de construction industry, cutting timber for ships, as skilled labour, den as domestic servants.<ref name="Covey-Eisnach 2009">{{Cite book|title=What the Slaves Ate: Recollections of African American Foods and Foodways from the Slave Narratives|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=2009|isbn=978-0-313-37497-5|editor-last=Covey|editor-first=Herbert C.|location=Santa Barbara, California|pages=49–72|chapter=Slave Cooking and Meals – Arrival in the Americas|lccn=2009003907|editor-last2=Eisnach|editor-first2=Dwight|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xhpBsIa5yqEC&pg=PA49}}</ref> Na dem classify de first enslaved Africans dem send to de English colonies as indentured servants, plus legal standing similar to dat of contract-based workers wey dey cam from Britain den Ireland. By de middle of de 17th century, na slavery harden as a racial caste, plus African slaves den dema future offspring be legally de property of dema owners, as na kiddies wey be born to slave mommies sanso be slaves (''partus sequitur ventrem''). As property, na dem consider de people merchandise anaa units of labour, wey na dem be sold for markets plus oda goods den services.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Berlin|first=Ira|date=9 April 2012|title=The Discovery of the Americas and the Transatlantic Slave Trade|url=https://ap.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/imperial-rivalries/essays/discovery-americas-and-transatlantic-slave-trade|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240117153933/https://ap.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/imperial-rivalries/essays/discovery-americas-and-transatlantic-slave-trade|archive-date=17 January 2024|access-date=17 January 2024|website=The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History}}</ref> === Atlantic travel === De Atlantic slave trade business start after people for de "Old World" (that place wey we dey call Afro-Eurasia) and the "New World" (the Americas) start dey do trade. For hundreds of years, de way de sea water dey move (the tidal currents) make am very hard and risky for de ships wey dem get that time to travel on top de ocean. So, because of this thing, de people wey dey live for these different continents no get plenty contact through sea travel, some sef no get contact at all.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199815%E2%80%9317-26</ref> But for de 15th century inside, Europe people come get new technology for sea travel, like de new ship wey dem invent call caravel. This thing make dem build better ships wey fit stand the sea current, so dem start dey fit cross the Atlantic Ocean. De Portugal people start one school wey dem call Navigator's School, but till today, people still dey argue whether this school dey true true, and even if e dey, dem no really know wetin e be. Between the year 1600 and 1800, like 300,000 sailors wey dey the slave trade business inside come West Africa.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopher2006127-27</ref> As dem dey do so, dem come meet different people for West Africa coast and for the Americas wey dem never see before in their life.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199813-28 </ref> One history man, Pierre Chaunu, call the result of this Europe people their sea travel "disenclavement". E mean say, some people wey bin dey their one corner come stop dey lonely, and for most of the other people, the contact wey dem get with other people come plenty pass before.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-29</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-30</ref> One history man, John Thornton, talk say, "Plenty technical and geographical things join body make am be like say na Europe people pɛ go fit explore de Atlantic and start trade for there".<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199824-31</ref> He talk say de things wey push dem be say, dem dey find new ways to make money through trade wey no dey Europe inside. Plus, dem want make their own trade routes wey de Muslim Ottoman Empire for Middle East no go control. Dem see this Ottoman Empire people as threat to their business, their power, and their Christian religion for Europe. Especially, de Europe traders want trade gold wey dem fit get for West Africa, and dem want find sea route go "de Indies" (India), where dem fit trade fine fine things like spices without say dem go buy am from de Middle East Islamic traders.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199824%E2%80%9326-32</ref> De Portugal sea-men use caravel ships travel go south for de West African coast, and for 1462, dem go colonize Cape Verde. For de first time wey de Europe people start dey colonize places, even though na de Iberian conquistadors (wey be people from Spain and Portugal side) dey lead de first travels for de Atlantic sea top, people from plenty other Europe countries join body. Sailors from Spain, Portugal, France, England, de Italian states, and Netherlands all dey inside. Because plenty different people dey inside, e make Thornton talk say de first "exploration of de Atlantic" be like "international work true true, even if na de Iberian kings and queens sponsor de money for de big big discoveries wey dem make". But because dem lead, e later make people start dey talk lie lie say "na only de Iberia people lead de exploration". <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199827-34</ref>De way de Europe people spread go other countries make de Old and New Worlds come meet, and dis thing born de Columbian Exchange, wey dem name am after de Italian explorer, Christopher Columbus.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-McNeill_2019-35</ref> E start de world silver trade from de 16th go reach de 18th century, and e make de Europe people go involve demself direct for de Chinese porcelain trade. E involve say dem carry goods wey dey one side of de world go de other side. De Europe people carry cattle, horses, and sheep go de New World, and from de New World, de Europe people get tobacco, potatoes, tomatoes, and maize. Other things wey come get value for de world trade be de tobacco, sugarcane, and cotton wey dem dey grow for de Americas, plus de gold and silver wey dem carry from de American continent no be only go Europe, but other places for de Old World inside.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-oxfordbibliographies1-36</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Escudero_2014-37</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Knight_2010-38</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Nater_2006-39</ref> === European colonization and slavery in West-Central Africa === [[File:ElMina_AtlasBlaeuvanderHem.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ElMina_AtlasBlaeuvanderHem.jpg|thumb|Elmina Castle for Guinea coast, wey we dey call Ghana now, dem build am for 1482 by Portuguese traders wey be di first European-slave trading post for Sub-Saharan Africa..<ref>{{cite web|title=Elmina Castle|url=https://www.pbs.org/wonders/Episodes/Epi3/elmina.htm#:~:text=Located%20on%20the%20western%20coast,British%20ownership%20in%20the%201800s.|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118160445/https://www.pbs.org/wonders/Episodes/Epi3/elmina.htm#:~:text=Located%20on%20the%20western%20coast,British%20ownership%20in%20the%201800s.|archive-date=18 January 2024|access-date=18 January 2024|website=[[PBS]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Womber |first1=Peter Kwame |date=2020 |title=From Anomansa to Elmina: The Establishment and the Use of the Elmina Castle – From the Portuguese to the British |url=https://www.athensjournals.gr/history/2020-6-4-4-Womber.pdf |url-status=live |journal=[[Athens Journal of History]] |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=349–372 |doi=10.30958/ajhis.6-4-4 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118160446/https://www.athensjournals.gr/history/2020-6-4-4-Womber.pdf |archive-date=18 January 2024 |access-date=18 January 2024}}</ref>]]Di Atlantic slave trade begin for 1441 when two Portuguese explorers, Nuno Tristão and António Gonçalves, waka go Mauritania for West Africa, kidnap twelve Africans come back give Portugal, present dem as gifts to Prince Henry di Navigator. By 1460, every year, dem dey carry seven hundred to eight hundred Africans enter Portugal. For Portugal, di Africans na dem house servants. From 1460 to 1500, as Portugal and Spain dey build forts for West Africa coast, di removal of Africans increase. By 1500, about 50,000 West Africans don enter Portugal and Spain. Di Africans dey work as house servants, artisans, and farmers. Some also dey work for sugar plantations for di Azores, Madeira<ref name="Butel2002">{{cite book|last1=Butel|first1=Paul|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sLGIAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA38|title=The Atlantic|publisher=[[Routledge]]|year=2002|isbn=978-1-134-84305-3|page=38|quote=For labour in the plantations and the 80 engeñhos (sugar mills), the Portuguese began to bring slaves from the Canaries and Africa, reaching almost 2,000 in number by the end of the fifteenth century.|access-date=13 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240713165411/https://books.google.com/books?id=sLGIAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA38|archive-date=13 July 2024|url-status=live}}</ref>, Canary, and Cape Verde islands. Di Europeans dey participate for African enslavement because dem need labor, profit, and religious reasons..<ref>{{cite web|title=Africa, Europe, and the Rise of Afro-America, 1441-1619|url=https://www.njstatelib.org/research_library/new_jersey_resources/highlights/african_american_history_curriculum/unit_2_rise_of_afro-americans/#:~:text=In%201441%20two%20Portuguese%20explorers,taken%20annually%20into%20Portugal%2C%20for|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240620204329/https://www.njstatelib.org/research_library/new_jersey_resources/highlights/african_american_history_curriculum/unit_2_rise_of_afro-americans/|archive-date=20 June 2024|access-date=16 January 2024|website=[[New Jersey State Library]]}}</ref><ref name="The Transatlantic Slave Trade">{{cite web|title=The Transatlantic Slave Trade|url=https://www.nps.gov/ethnography/aah/aaheritage/histcontextsc.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503083908/https://www.nps.gov/ethnography/aah/aaheritage/histcontextsc.htm|archive-date=3 May 2024|access-date=16 January 2024|website=African American History and Ethnography|publisher=[[National Park Service]]}}</ref>As dem dey discover new lands through dem naval explorations, di European colonisers start to migrate and settle for lands wey no be dem own. Off di coast of Africa, under di Kingdom of Castile guidance, European migrants invade and colonise di Canary Islands for di 15th century, turn plenty land to produce wine and sugar. Dem also capture native Canary Islanders, di Guanches, use dem as slaves for di Islands and across di Christian Mediterranean.{{sfn|Thornton|1998|pp=28–29}} [[File:Cannons_at_Cape_Coast_Castle.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cannons_at_Cape_Coast_Castle.JPG|thumb|Cape Coast Castle no be di place wey Swedish African Company set up for Ghana. Dem build am for 1653 as trading post, but e later spread to other European countries. When di British come colonize, di castle turn dem headquarters for colonial wahala. Throughout di 18th century, di Castle dey serve as big market for di British slave business.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cape Coast Castle, Cape Coast (1653)|url=https://www.ghanamuseums.org/forts/cape-coast-castle.php#:~:text=Cape%20Coast%20Castle%2C%20Cape%20Coast%20(1653)&text=The%20Swedes%2C%20led%20by%20Krusenstjerna,King%20Charles%20X%20of%20Sweden.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240709053738/https://www.ghanamuseums.org/forts/cape-coast-castle.php|archive-date=9 July 2024|access-date=18 January 2024|website=Ghana Museums and Monuments Boards}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Roth|first1=Catherine|date=2 December 2009|title=Cape Coast Castle (1652- )|url=https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/cape-coast-castle/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211111323/https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/cape-coast-castle/|archive-date=11 December 2023|access-date=18 January 2024|website=Blackpast.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Cape Coast Castle History|url=https://www.everycastle.com/Cape-Coast-Castle.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240711042755/https://everycastle.com/cape-coast-castle/|archive-date=11 July 2024|access-date=18 January 2024|website=Castles and Places of the World}}</ref>]]After Portugal and Spain dey chop well for slave trade, more European countries waka follow. For 1530, one English merchant wey dey from Plymouth, William Hawkins, go Guinea Coast come back with small slaves. For 1564, im pikin John Hawkins, waka go Guinea Coast too, and Queen Elizabeth I support im journey. But John later turn pirate, steal 300 Africans from one Spanish slave ship after e try grab Africans for Guinea but plenty of im men die after wahala with the local people.<ref name="The Transatlantic Slave Trade2">{{cite web|title=The Transatlantic Slave Trade|url=https://www.nps.gov/ethnography/aah/aaheritage/histcontextsc.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240503083908/https://www.nps.gov/ethnography/aah/aaheritage/histcontextsc.htm|archive-date=3 May 2024|access-date=16 January 2024|website=African American History and Ethnography|publisher=[[National Park Service]]}}</ref> As historian John Thornton talk, "the real reason for European expansion and navigation improvement be just to catch quick money by raiding and taking trade goods"{{sfn|Thornton|1998|p=31}}. Using Canary Islands as dem base, Europeans, wey mostly be Portuguese traders, start to move their business down the western coast of Africa, dey raid wey them go capture slaves to sell later for Mediterranean.{{sfn|Thornton|1998|pp=29–31}} Although dem dey do well at first, "it no take time before African naval forces sabi say danger don dey show, and Portuguese [raiding] ships start to face strong wahala", lots of their crews die by African sailors wey get better boats to handle west-central African waters and rivers.{{sfn|Thornton|1998|p=37}} [[File:Ann_Zingha.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ann_Zingha.jpg|thumb|Nzinga wey be for Ndongo and Matamba fight Portuguese Empire wey dey wahala for their slave business for beta thirty years war for Angola today.]] By 1494, di Portuguese king don enter deal with plenty West African rulers wey go fit make trade dey happen between dem peoples, make di Portuguese fit chop from di commercial economy wey African get... without wahala{{sfn|Thornton|1998|pp=38}}. "Peaceful trade be di norm for di African coast", although sometimes e go dey gree small wahala wey fit lead to palava. For example, di Portuguese traders try conquer Bissagos Islands for 1535{{sfn|Thornton|1998|p=39}}. For 1571, Portugal, wey Kongo dey support, take over di south-west region of Angola to secure dem economic interest wey dey suffer small. Even though Kongo later join force for 1591 to push di Portuguese commot, dem don already secure ground for di continent wey dem dey hold till 20th century{{sfn|Thornton|1998|p=40}}. Although dem get small fight between African and European forces sometimes, plenty African states make sure say any trade dey happen on dem own terms, for example, dem dey collect custom duties from foreign ships. For 1525, di Kongolese King Afonso I seize one French boat and di crew wey dey trade illegal for him coast. Afonso even complain to di king of Portugal say Portuguese slave traders dey carry him people run away, wey dey spoil him kingdom population.<ref>{{cite web|title=Africa and the Transatlantic Slave Trade|url=https://www.slps.org/cms/lib/MO01001157/Centricity/Domain/9446/BBC%20-%20History%20-%20British%20History%20in%20depth_%20Africa%20and%20the%20Transatlantic%20Slave%20Trade.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330215334/https://www.slps.org/cms/lib/MO01001157/Centricity/Domain/9446/BBC%20-%20History%20-%20British%20History%20in%20depth_%20Africa%20and%20the%20Transatlantic%20Slave%20Trade.pdf|archive-date=30 March 2024|access-date=20 January 2024|website=St. Louis Public Schools}}</ref>{{sfn|Thornton|1998|p=39}} Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba, wey be queen of di Ambundu Kingdoms of Ndongo (1624–1663) and Matamba (1631–1663) for di Angola wey dey today, fight long war against di Portuguese Empire wey dey expand. At first, Nzinga gree make di Portuguese come. She convert to Christianity and change di Ndongo Kingdom to be middleman for slave trade, instead of di place wey dem go take slaves. Dis one even help her get powerful ally against hostile African Kingdoms, but di Portuguese no gree leave her kingdom, dey wan expand di slave trade and set settlements..<ref>{{cite web|title=Queen Nzinga managed to call a halt to Portuguese slave raids in her kingdom through clever tactics|url=https://www.open.edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/world-changing-women-queen-nzinga|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604172701/https://www.open.edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/world-changing-women-queen-nzinga|archive-date=4 June 2024|access-date=18 January 2024|website=The Open University, History and Arts|publisher=[[The Open University]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=16 June 2009|title=Queen Nzinga(1583-1663)|url=https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/queen-nzinga-1583-1663/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203143926/https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/queen-nzinga-1583-1663/|archive-date=3 December 2023|access-date=18 January 2024|website=Black Past}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Women Leaders in African History: Ana Nzinga, Queen of Ndongo|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/pwmn_2/hd_pwmn_2.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702032528/https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/pwmn_2/hd_pwmn_2.htm|archive-date=2 July 2024|access-date=18 January 2024|website=[[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]}}</ref> Nzinga talk say make dem stop the raids, but the Portuguese still declare war on Ndongo for 1626. Nzinga welcome runaway slaves wey run from Portuguese side and gather military wey dem call kilombo to fight the Portuguese. Within two years, Nzinga army lose and she run go exile. Later, she conquer Matamba Kingdom and join forces with Dutch West India Company and some rival African states. With their help, Nzinga fit take back plenty part of Ndongo from 1641 to 1647. Nzinga no stop to fight the Portuguese until dem sign peace treaty for 1656<ref>{{cite web|title=Queen Nzinga managed to call a halt to Portuguese slave raids in her kingdom through clever tactics|url=https://www.open.edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/world-changing-women-queen-nzinga|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240604172701/https://www.open.edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/world-changing-women-queen-nzinga|archive-date=4 June 2024|access-date=18 January 2024|website=The Open University, History and Arts|publisher=[[The Open University]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=16 June 2009|title=Queen Nzinga(1583-1663)|url=https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/queen-nzinga-1583-1663/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203143926/https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/queen-nzinga-1583-1663/|archive-date=3 December 2023|access-date=18 January 2024|website=Black Past}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Women Leaders in African History: Ana Nzinga, Queen of Ndongo|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/pwmn_2/hd_pwmn_2.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702032528/https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/pwmn_2/hd_pwmn_2.htm|archive-date=2 July 2024|access-date=18 January 2024|website=[[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]}}</ref>. Historians dey argue plenty about how these African kingdoms and European traders relate. Guyanese historian Walter Rodney talk say the relationship no balance, as Africans dey forced enter 'colonial' trade with Europeans wey dey better economically, exchanging raw materials and people (like slaves) for goods wey dem make. He argue say this economic trade matter wey start from 16th century make Africa dey underdeveloped for him time{{sfn|Rodney|1972|pp=95–113}}. Other historians like Ralph Austen{{sfn|Austen|1987|pp=81–108}} back am too. But John Thornton come challenge this unequal relationship talk for 1998, him argue say 'the Atlantic slave trade no be as important to African economy like dem scholars think' and 'African manufacturing for that time fit handle competition from preindustrial Europe.{{sfn|Thornton|1998|p=44}}' Anne Bailey, when she dey comment on Thornton’s talk say Africans and Europeans be equal partners for the Atlantic slave trade, she write: {{blockquote|[T]o see Africans as partners implies equal terms and equal influence on the global and intercontinental processes of the trade. Africans had great influence on the continent itself, but they had no direct influence on the engines behind the trade in the capital firms, the shipping and insurance companies of Europe and America, or the plantation systems in Americas. They did not wield any influence on the building manufacturing centres of the West.<ref>{{cite book |first=Anne C. |last=Bailey |url=https://archive.org/details/africanvoicesofa00bail |title=African Voices of the Atlantic Slave Trade: Beyond the Silence and the Shame |publisher=[[Beacon Press]] |date=2005 |page=62 |isbn=978-0-8070-5512-0 |quote=Africans were equal partners.}}</ref>}} === European slavery in Portugal and Spain === By 15th century finish, this ''slavery matter'' no be new thing for dat ''Iberian Peninsula'' place (wey be Portugal and Spain) for Western Europe. E dey dere since way dem write history come. Dat ''Roman Empire'' people, dem don already set dem own ''slavery system'' for long time ago.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Korpela,_J._2018-46</ref>One historian, ein name be ''Benjamin Isaac'', ein talk say some ''proto-racism'' dey already for dem ''Greco-Roman people'' for olden days. Dem dey hate pipo based on dem skin color or tribe wey no be dem own, dem dey make dem look like animals wey dem go catch for war.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-40</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-41</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-42</ref> Since ''Western Roman Empire'' fall, many many ''slavery systems'' continue for inside dem new Islamic and Christian kingdoms for dat place, right into de early modern time wey de ''Atlantic slave trade'' start. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-43</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-44</ref>For 1441 to 1444, some Portuguese traders, dem go catch Africans for de Atlantic coast of Africa, for where we dey call Mauritania today. Dem carry dem pipo go sell as slaves for Europe, and dem build one fort for de slave trade for ''Bay of Arguin''.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-45</ref>''Map of Spanish Empire (red) and Portuguese Empires (blue) when dem join forces (1581–1640)''<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Korpela,_J._2018-46</ref>For ''Middle Ages'' time, religion wey be pesin own God wey dem dey serve, no be pesin skin color, wey dey decide who dem fit catch for slave. If you be Christian, you no fit sell Christian as slave. If you be Muslim, you no fit sell Muslim as slave. But if you be like say you no believe dem God or your religion no dey correct, den dem fit catch you. Like how Catholic Christians fit sell Orthodox Christians as slave, and Sunni Muslims fit sell Shia Muslims as slave.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Korpela,_J._2018-46</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Korpela,_J._2018-46</ref> Both Christians and Muslims, dem all agree say dem fit catch ''pagans'' (pipo wey no follow dem religion) as slave. Dem pagans come be de best and profitable pipo to catch for slave trade for de Middle Ages: Dem give Spain and Portugal non-Catholic slaves from Eastern Europe, through de ''Balkan slave trade'' and de ''Black Sea slave trade''.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Ro%C5%9Fu,_Felicia_2021_p._35-36-47</ref>For 15th century, when ''Ottoman Empire'' take over de Balkan slave trade, and de ''Crimean slave trade'' come replace de Black Sea slave trade and close am from Europe, Spain and Portugal, dem come find new source for slaves.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-48 </ref> First, dem go carry slaves from de ''Canary Islands'' wey dem conquer, then later from mainland Africa. Dis one, initially, e come from ''Arab slave traders'', through de ''Trans-Saharan slave trade'' from Libya.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-49</ref> After that, e come straight from de African West coast through Portuguese small small camps, wey later turn to de big ''Atlantic slave trade''. Dis one come blow pass all when dem go establish colonies for Americas for 1492.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-50</ref> Long, long time ago, around de 15th century, Spain make one serious law dem call am ''limpieza de sangre''. Dat one mean say "blood clean" or "pure blood" like dat. E be some kind early racism law. Dis law no make pipo wey get Jewish or Muslim family go stay for the New World (America dem side).Even if you be Jew or Muslim wey you say you don turn Catholic, dis ''limpieza de sangre'' law no go guarantee say you go get your rights. Pipo wey be Jew wey turn Catholic dem call dem ''conversos'', and pipo wey be Muslim wey turn Catholic dem call dem ''moriscos''. Some of dem just turn Christian den dey hope say e go make dem get rights under Spain laws.After dem find new lands for across the big ocean (Atlantic), Spain no want say Jews and Muslims go come America because the Spain King dem dey fear say Muslims and pipo wey no be Christian fit go teach Islam and other religions give the Native Americans (the pipo wey dey there already).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-51 </ref> Dis law too make dem carry Jews and Muslims go be slaves, e no make Jews enter Spain at all, and e stop dem from join army, go university or do other government work.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-52</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-53</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-54</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-55</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-56</ref> Even though Jewish ''conversos'' den Muslims dey suffer bad bad from dis church and race discrimination, some of dem too dey take part for de slave trade of Africans. For Lisbon (some city for Portugal) around de 1500s and 1600s, Muslims wey Jewish ''conversos'' give dem money, dem dey trade Africans across the big desert (Sahara Desert) and dey make Africans slaves. Dem do am before and during de Atlantic slave trade both for Europe and for Africa.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-57</ref> For New Spain (America dem side), the Spaniards (pipo from Spain) dem apply that same ''limpieza de sangre'' law give Africans and Native Americans. Dem come create some kind race system for pipo, because dem believe say Africans and Native Americans no be pure since dem no be Christian.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-58</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-59</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-60</ref> Europe pipo dem dey make Muslims and pipo wey dey do other religions turn slaves, just because dem want say dem go become Christian. For 1452, Pope Nicholas V come release one church order dem call am ''papal bull Dum Diversas''. Dat one give de King of Portugal de power to make pipo wey no be Christian turn slaves for life. Dis order include de Muslims wey dey West Africa, and e make de Catholic church say de slave trade dey alright. Den for 1454, Pope Nicholas come release another one dem call am ''Romanus Pontifex''. Dem write am after ''Dum Diversas'', and ''Romanus Pontifex'' allow de Europe Catholic nations dem to go take more land wey dem 'discover'. Dem go say dem get right to hold de non-Christian lands, and to make de native, non-Christian 'pagans' for Africa and de 'New World' turn slaves.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-61</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-62</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-63</ref>Dem talk say ''Dum Diversas'' and ''Romanus Pontifex'' fit don get hand for de way dem create ideas wey support nations dem building big big empires.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-64</ref> For 1493, de ''Doctrine of Discovery'' wey Pope Alexander VI release, dem use am say dat be de reason why Spain go take lands from pipo wey no be Christian for de West side of de Azores. De ''Doctrine of Discovery'' talk say pipo wey be Christian nations dem for go take de non-Christian lands and rule dem. And de Indigenous pipo (Africans and Native Americans) wey dey live for deir own lands, dem for turn Christian. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-65</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-66</ref>For 1493, Pope Alexander VI come release one church order dem call am ''Inter Caetera''. Dat one give Spain and Portugal de power to say dem get right to claim and colonize all de non-Christian lands wey dey de Americas, and to make Native Americans and Africans turn slaves. ''Inter Caetera'' too, e settle one problem wey dey between Portugal and Spain about those lands. De declaration talk say dem go divide de lands from north to south, 100 leagues (be like some distance measurement) for de West side of de Cape Verde Islands. And e give de Spain King de sole power to travel and trade for de West side of dat line.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-68</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-69</ref> For Portugal and Spain, pipo dem bin dey make dem slaves because of deir religion, not because of deir skin color or race like dat; but by de 1400s, Europe pipo come dey use both race and religion to justify say dem for make Africans from de south of Sahara Desert turn slaves. De number of African pipo wey dem make slaves from Senegal come increase for de Iberian Peninsula (dat be Spain and Portugal side) for de 1400s. As de number of Senegalese slaves come grow plenty, Europe pipo come create new names wey dey connect slavery with skin color. De Spanish city of Seville get de most African pipo. And ¨de 'Treaty of Alcáçovas' for 1479 give de traders de right to supply de Spaniards with Africans¨.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-71</ref> For de 1400s too, one big church man dem call am Annius of Viterbo, he be like a Dominican friar. He come talk about de 'curse of Ham' from de Bible story of pipo wey dem make slaves. He use am to try explain de difference between Europe pipo and Africans for his books. Annius, de man wey dey always write about say Christians dem be better pass de 'Saracens' (dat be like Muslims back then), he claim say because of de curse wey dey on de Black pipo, dem go forever dey under Arabs and other Muslims. He write say de fact say plenty Africans dem bin turn slaves even by those Muslims wey dem say deir religion no straight, e be like proof say Black pipo no be good like dat. Through these writings and other ones, Europe writers come make some connection wey nobody bin hear before, between some cursed pipo, Africa, and slavery. Dat one come be de main idea to justify why de transatlantic slave trade go continue.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-72</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Whitford_105-73</ref> De word 'race' de English pipo start to use am from de 1500s, and e dey refer to family, lineage, or breed. De idea of race continue to grow through de centuries and dem use am as a reason to continue de slave trade and make pipo suffer because of deir skin color.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-74</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-75</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-76</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-77</ref> === African slavery === Slavery dey common for plenty places inside Africa for many centuries, long before de Atlantic slave trade even come start.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Britannica-78</ref>Slavery be very important for de way Africa pipo dey do deir economy, but how much e matter and how dem dey treat de slaves, dat one bin dey different plenty for different different societies.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-79</ref> Millions of Africans wey dem make slaves, dem carry dem go other parts of Africa, or dem export dem go Europe and Asia, long before de Atlantic slave trade and de time Europe pipo come colonize de Americas. De Trans-Saharan slave trade, dat be de one across de big Sahara desert, e bin dey work since de olden days, and e continue like dat until de 1900s. For de year 652, de Rashidun Caliphate wey dey Egypt, dem make one law say de Christian Kingdom of Makuria for dey pay tribute of 400 slaves every year. Dat one be part of de Baqt treaty, and e bin dey for many centuries. Dat trade bin dey supply Africans for slavery inside de Rashidun Caliphate (from 632 to 661), de Umayyad Caliphate (from 661 to 750), de Abbasid Caliphate (from 750 to 1258), and de Mamluk Sultanate (from 1258 to 1517).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-82</ref> De Atlantic slave trade no be de only slave trade wey come from Africa; as Elikia M'bokolo write inside ''Le Monde diplomatique'' newspaper, he talk say: De African continent, pipo just dey take all de human resources from inside, through all de ways dem fit find. From across de Sahara desert, through de Red Sea, from de Indian Ocean ports, den across de Atlantic Ocean. At least one thousand years of slavery for de benefit of de Muslim countries (from de 800s to de 1800s)... Four million slaves dem carry go out through de Red Sea, another four million through de Swahili ports for de Indian Ocean side.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-afbis-83</ref> Maybe as many as nine million pipo dem carry along de trans-Saharan caravan road, and then between eleven to twenty million (e depend on who write de book) dem carry across de Atlantic Ocean.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-84</ref> Dem dey march slaves, with chains for deir hands and legs, go reach de coasts of Sudan, Ethiopia, and Somali. From there, dem go put dem inside 'dhows' (be like small small boats) and dey carry dem pass across de Indian Ocean go reach de Gulf of Aden.Other ones, dem go carry dem across de Red Sea go Arabia and Aden. If any slave get sick, dem go just throw am inside de water. Or dem go march dem across de big Sahara desert, through de Trans-Saharan slave trade road go reach de Nile. Plenty of dem dey die because of de hot sun or deir feet go swell up along de road.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-85</ref> De number dem dey guess, e no too accurate, so e fit affect how dem compare de different different slave trades. Two rough guesses wey scholars dem give about de number of African slaves dem hold for over one thousand two hundred years inside de Muslim countries, be like 11.5 million<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-86</ref> and 14 million.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-87</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-nyt-2015-88</ref>Other guesses too dey show say de number be between 12 and 15 million African slaves before de 1900s.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Beigbeder2006-89</ref> According to John K. Thornton, Europe pipo dem dey always buy slaves wey dem catch dem from de endless wars wey dey between African countries.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton1998112-3</ref> Some African pipo dem make business out of catching pipo from wars or pipo from deir neighbor tribes, and dem dey sell dem.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton1998310-90</ref> Dem get record of dis matter for one debate wey happen for de British Parliament for 1806: 'All de old writers dem... all dey agree say wars no be only for making slaves, but Europe pipo dey cause de wars to happen, just because dem want slaves.' Pipo wey dey live around de Niger River, dem go carry dem from these markets go de coast and sell dem for Europe trading places. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-91</ref>Dem dey exchange de pipo for guns and other things wey dem manufacture, like cloth or alcohol. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199845-92</ref>De fact say Europe pipo dey want slaves plenty, e give de existing slave trade a new and bigger market. While pipo wey dem make slaves inside deir own part of Africa fit hope to run away, those wey dem ship go far away get small chance to come back to deir homeland.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-94</ref> === European colonization and slavery in West-Central Africa === De Atlantic slave trading of Africans, e start for 1441. Two Portugal pipo wey dey explore, dem be Nuno Tristão den António Gonçalves, dem be de ones wey start am. Tristão and Gonçalves dem sail go Mauritania inside West Africa. Dem go there go kidnap twelve Africans and dem come back to Portugal. Dem give de Africans wey dem catch as gifts to Prince Henry de Navigator. By 1460, seven hundred to eight hundred African pipo dem dey take dem every year den dey bring dem inside Portugal. For Portugal, de Africans wey dem take, dem dey use dem as house workers. From 1460 to 1500, de taking of Africans increase as Portugal and Spain dem build forts (be like strong strong buildings) along de coast of West Africa. By 1500, Portugal and Spain dem bin don take about 50,000 West Africans. De Africans dem dey work as house workers, artisans (like skilled pipo wey dey make things with deir hands), and farmers. Other Africans dem take dem go work for de sugar plantations (be like big farms for sugar cane) for de Azores, Madeira,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Butel2002-97</ref> Canary, and Cape Verde islands. Europe pipo dem dey take part for making Africans slaves because dem need pipo to work, dem want money, and dem get deir religious reasons too.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-98</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-The_Transatlantic_Slave_Trade-99</ref> As Europe pipo dem dey discover new new lands through deir sea travels, de colonizers dem no waste time; dem start to move go stay for lands outside deir own continent. For de coast of Africa, Europe pipo dem, under de orders of de Kingdom of Castile, dem go invade and colonize de Canary Islands for de 1400s. There, dem change plenty of de land go for de production of wine and sugar. Alongside dat, dem too catch de native Canary Islanders, de Guanches, to use dem as slaves both for de Islands and across de Christian Mediterranean side.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199828%E2%80%9329-100</ref> After Portugal and Spain pipo dem get success for de slave trade, other Europe nations come follow dem. For 1530, one English merchant from Plymouth, de name be William Hawkins, he go visit de Guinea Coast. He come back with small small slaves. For 1564, Hawkin's son, John Hawkins, he sail go de Guinea Coast and Queen Elizabeth I support his journey. Later, John turn to piracy (be like thief for sea). He go steal 300 Africans from one Spanish slave ship after he no get success for Guinea when he dey try to catch Africans. Dis be sake of plenty of ein men die after dem fight with de local Africans.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-The_Transatlantic_Slave_Trade-99</ref> As de historian John Thornton talk, he say, 'de main reason why Europe pipo dem dey expand and find new ways to sail, be just to get money sharp sharp. Dem go attack and take or buy trade things.' <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199831-104</ref>So, dem dey use de Canary Islands as deir naval base (be like army station for sea), Europe pipo dem, especially Portugal traders back then, dem start to carry deir business go down de western coast of Africa. Dem dey go do raids (be like sudden attacks) wey dem go catch slaves to go sell dem for de Mediterranean side later. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199829%E2%80%9331-105</ref>Even though de thing bin dey work for dem at first, 'e no take long before African navy pipo dem know about de new danger, and de Portugal [raiding] ships dem start to meet strong and good resistance.' De pipo wey dey inside some of deir ships, African sailors kill dem. Dis be because African boats dem be better for traveling for de west-central African coasts and de river systems.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199837-106</ref> By 1494, de King of Portugal don make agreements with de rulers of some West African countries. Dat one go allow deir pipo dem to trade with each other, and e make de Portugal pipo fit 'enter inside' de 'good good business economy wey don dey for Africa'... without dem needing to fight at all. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199838-107</ref>'Peaceful trade come be de normal thing all along de African coast,' even though small small times, some bad bad acts come cause violence. For example, Portugal traders dem try to conquer de Bissagos Islands for 1535.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199839-108</ref> For 1571, Portugal pipo dem, with de help of de Kingdom of Kongo, dem go take control of de south-western side of Angola. Dem do am because dem want to protect deir business wey dey suffer for dat area. Even though Kongo later come join other pipo for 1591 to fight and force de Portugal pipo to comot, Portugal dem don get foothold for de continent.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199840-109</ref> Dat be why dem continue to stay there until de 1900s. Despite all these small small fights wey dey happen between African forces and Europe forces, plenty African countries make sure say any trade wey dem dey do go be on deir own terms. For example, dem dey collect money from foreign ships as custom duties. For 1525, de Kongolese King Afonso I go seize one French ship and de pipo wey dey inside, just because dem dey do illegal trade on his coast. On top of dat, Afonso go complain to de king of Portugal say Portugal slave traders dem dey continue to kidnap his pipo, and dat one dey make de pipo for his kingdom reduce.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-110</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199839-108</ref> Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba, de woman wey rule as queen for de Ambundu Kingdoms of Ndongo (from 1624 to 1663) and Matamba (from 1631 to 1663) for where Angola dey now, she fight one long war against de way de Portugal Empire dey try to expand deir power. At first, Nzinga try to settle with de Portugal pipo. She turn Christian and she change de Ndongo Kingdom to be like de pipo wey dey help with de slave trade, instead of de place where dem dey take slaves from. Dis one too give her one strong ally (be like friend) to fight de neighbor African Kingdoms wey no be good to her. But de Portugal pipo dem continue to enter inside her Kingdom to expand de slave trade and build deir own settlements (be like towns).<ref name=":0">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-The_Open_University-111</ref><ref name=":1">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-112</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-metmuseum.org-113</ref> Nzinga talk say make de raids stop, but de Portugal pipo declare war on Ndongo for 1626. Nzinga allow runaway slaves from de Portugal controlled place to hide for her side. And she organize one army dem call am 'kilombo' to fight against de Portugal pipo. Inside two years, Nzinga's army lose and she go hide for another place (exile). Later, she go conquer de Kingdom of Matamba and come make alliance (be like friendship deal) with de Dutch West India Company and other African countries wey dem bin dey fight before. With deir help, Nzinga fit take back plenty parts of Ndongo between 1641 and 1647. Nzinga continue to fight de Portugal pipo until dem sign one peace treaty for 1656.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-114</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /> Historians dem don argue plenty plenty about how de relationship between these African kingdoms and de Europe traders dem bin be. De Guyanese historian, Walter Rodney (for 1972), he talk say de relationship no be equal at all. He say African pipo dem bin dey forced to do some 'colonial' trade with de Europe pipo wey dem get more money and deir economy be well developed. He talk say dem dey exchange raw materials and human beings (dat be slaves) for manufactured goods (things wey dem don make). He argue say dis economic trade agreement wey start from de 1500s, e be de one wey make Africa no develop for ein time.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodney197295%E2%80%93113-115</ref> Other historians too, like Ralph Austen (for 1987), dem support these ideas.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAusten198781%E2%80%93108-116</ref> But John Thornton (for 1998) no agree with dis idea of unequal relationship. He talk say 'de Atlantic slave trade no be as important to de African economy as these scholars believe' and say 'African manufacturing [for dis time] fit handle competition from Europe wey dem never start big industries yet.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton199844-117</ref>' However, Anne Bailey, when she dey comment on Thornton's talk say Africans and Europeans be equal partners for de Atlantic slave trade, she write say:<blockquote> To see Africans as partners, e mean say dem dey on equal terms and dem get equal power for how de trade dey go for de whole world and between de continents. Africans bin get plenty power for de continent itself, but dem no get direct power over de pipo wey dey control de trade. Dem no control de big big money companies, de shipping and insurance companies for Europe and America, or de big farms dem for de Americas. Dem no get any power over de factories wey dem dey build for de West.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-118</ref></blockquote> == 16th, 17th, den 18th centuries == ===Slave market regions den participation=== [[File:Africa slave Regions.svg|thumb|upright=1.2|Major slave trading regions of Africa, 15th–19th centuries]] Na Europeans go buy den ship slaves to de Western Hemisphere from markets across West Africa. Na de number of enslaved people dem sell to de New World vary thru out de slave trade. As for de distribution of slaves from regions of activity, na certain areas produce far more enslaved people dan odas. Between 1650 den 1900, na 10.2&nbsp;million enslaved Africans arrive insyd de Americas from de following regions insyd de following proportions:<ref>[[:en:Atlantic_slave_trade#CITEREFLovejoy2000|Lovejoy 2000]].</ref> * Senegambia ([[Senegal]] den [[the Gambia]]): 4.8% * Upper Guinea ([[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Guinea]] den [[Sierra Leone]]): 4.1% * Windward Coast ([[Liberia]] den [[Ivory Coast]]): 1.8% * [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]] ([[Ghana]] den east of [[Ivory Coast]]): 10.4% * Bight of Benin ([[Togo]], [[Benin]] den [[Nigeria]] west of de Niger Delta): 20.2% * Bight of Biafra ([[Nigeria]] east of de Niger Delta, [[Cameroon]], [[Equatorial Guinea]] den [[Gabon]]): 14.6% * West Central Africa ([[Republic of the Congo]], [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] den [[Angola]]): 39.4% * Southeastern Africa ([[Mozambique]] den [[Madagascar]]): 4.7% Although na de slave trade be largely global, na der be considerable intracontinental slave trade insyd wich na dem enslave 8 million people within de African continent.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Inikori|first=Joseph|title=The Atlantic Slave Trade: Effects on Economies, Societies and Peoples in Africa, the Americas, and Europe|url=https://archive.org/details/atlanticslavetra0000unse_w4k0|publisher=Duke University Press|year=1992|page=[https://archive.org/details/atlanticslavetra0000unse_w4k0/page/120 120]}}</ref> Of those na wey no move out of Africa, na dem force out 8 million of Eastern Africa make dem send dem to Asia.<ref name=":2" /> For de time wey de first Atlantic slave trade bin dey go, most of de pipo wey dey carry slaves bin be Portugal pipo. Dat one make dem be like de only ones wey dey do de business. De 1494 'Treaty of Tordesillas' be very important, because e no allow Spanish ships to enter African ports. So Spain bin get to depend on Portugal ships and deir sailors to carry de slaves across de Atlantic. From 1525, dem start to carry slaves direct from de Portugal colony for Sao Tomé, across de Atlantic, go reach Hispaniola.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoruckiEltisWheat2015446,_457,_460-120</ref> Some burial place for Campeche, Mexico, e dey show say dem bring African slaves there not too long after Hernán Cortés finish conquering de Aztec and Mayan pipo for Mexico in 1519. De graveyard, pipo dey use am from around 1550 reach de late 17th century.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-121</ref> For 1562, John Hawkins go catch Africans for where Sierra Leone dey now, and he take 300 pipo go sell for de Caribbean side.For 1564, he come do de same thing again, dis time he use Queen Elizabeth de first her own ship, 'Jesus of Lübeck'. After dat, plenty English pipo deir journeys follow.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-od-122</ref> Around 1560, de Portugal pipo dem start to do regular slave trade go Brazil. From 1580 reach 1640, Portugal and Spain dem join together for a small time, dem call am de Iberian Union. Most of de Portugal pipo wey dey do contract and get de 'asiento' (be like license for slave trade) between 1580 and 1640, dem all be 'conversos' (dat be pipo wey be Jews but turn Christian).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-123</ref> For Portugal merchants, plenty of dem be 'New Christians' or deir grand-pikin dem. De joining of de two countries give dem business opportunities for de slave trade go Spanish America.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-124</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-125 </ref> Until de middle of de 1600s, Mexico bin be de biggest single market for slaves inside Spanish America. While de Portugal pipo dem bin dey direct involved in trading slaves to Brazil, de Spanish Empire dem bin dey rely on de 'Asiento de Negros' system. Dat one be like dem dey give license to (Catholic) Genoese merchant bankers to trade slaves from Africa go deir colonies inside [[:en:Spanish_America|Spanish America]]. Cartagena, Veracruz, Buenos Aires, and Hispaniola dem bin dey receive de most slaves wey dey arrive, mainly from Angola.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoruckiEltisWheat2015437,_446-127</ref> Dis sharing of de slave trade between Spain and Portugal no make de British and de Dutch pipo dem happy, because dem too don invest plenty for de British West Indies and Dutch Brazil wey dey produce sugar. After de Iberian Union scatter, Spain stop Portugal from direct engaging in de slave trade as a carrier. According to de Treaty of Münster, de slave trade open up for de pipo wey dey always be enemies to Spain. So Spain lose plenty of de trade to de Dutch, de French, and de English. For 150 years, Spanish transatlantic traffic bin dey operate at very small levels. For many years, not even one Spanish slave journey start from Africa. Unlike all de other pipo wey dey compete with dem for empire, de Spanish pipo almost never deliver slaves to other countries' territories. But for de British, and before them de Dutch, dem dey sell slaves everywhere inside de Americas.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoruckiEltisWheat2015453%E2%80%93454-128</ref> De second Atlantic system, dat one be de trade of African slaves wey mostly English, French, and Dutch traders and pipo wey get money bin dey do. De main places wey de slaves bin dey go for dis time be de Caribbean islands dem like Curaçao, Jamaica, and Martinique. Dis be as Europe nations dem bin dey build colonies for de New World wey deir money bin dey depend on slaves. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-130</ref>For 1672, dem come form de Royal Africa Company. And for 1674, de New West India Company come enter de slave trade deep inside. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-132</ref>From 1677, de Compagnie du Sénégal, dem use Gorée to keep de slaves inside. De Spanish pipo dem propose say dem go get de slaves from Cape Verde, wey e dey close to de line wey divide de Spanish and Portugal empire, but dat one go against de WIC-charter (be like deir rules and regulations).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-133</ref> De Royal African Company dem bin dey always refuse to deliver slaves to Spanish colonies, even though dem bin dey sell dem to anybody wey go come buy from deir factories for Kingston, Jamaica, and Bridgetown, Barbados.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoruckiEltisWheat2015451-134</ref> For 1682, Spain allow governors from Havana, [[:en:Porto_Bello,_Panama|Porto Bello, Panama,]] and Cartagena, Colombia, to go get slaves from Jamaica.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-rawley60-135</ref> By de 1690s, de English pipo dem bin dey ship de most slaves from West Africa. By de 1700s, Portugal deir Angola side come be one of de main places wey de Atlantic slave trade dey come from again. After de [[:en:War_of_the_Spanish_Succession|'War of de Spanish Succession']] finish, as part of de agreements for de 'Treaty of Utrecht' (for 1713), dem give de 'Asiento' (dat be de license for slave trade) to de South Sea Company. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-138</ref>Even though de 'South Sea Bubble' happen (be like some big money problem), de British pipo dem hold deir position for de 1700s. Dem come be de biggest pipo wey dey ship slaves across de Atlantic. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChristopher20066-139</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeredith2014191-140</ref>Dem dey estimate say pass half of de whole slave trade happen inside de 1700s. De Portugal, British, and French pipo dem be de main pipo wey dey carry nine out of ten slaves wey dem kidnap from Africa. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-141</ref>For dat time, pipo bin dey see slave trading as very important for Europe's sea economy. As one English slave trader talk, he say: 'Ah, dis trade! E get plenty glory and advantage... E be de main thing wey all de trade for dis whole world dey move on.'<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-142</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-143</ref> Meanwhile, de thing come turn [[:en:Privately_held_company#Privately_owned_enterprise|business for private companies]] dem, so e reduce de international problems.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-rawley63-126</ref> After 1790, de captains dem bin dey usually check slave prices for at least two of de big markets like Kingston, Havana, and Charleston, South Carolina (where de prices bin be de same by den). Dem go do dat before dem decide where to sell de slaves.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoruckiEltisWheat201543?-144</ref> For de last sixteen years of de transatlantic slave trade, Spain be de only empire wey dey do transatlantic slave trading.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoruckiEltisWheat2015457-145</ref> After de British dem pass deir [[:en:Slave_Trade_Act_1807|'Slave Trade Act' for 1807]], and de U.S. too ban de African slave trade for de same year, de thing come slow down. But de time after dat still count for 28.5% of all de Atlantic slave trade wey dem do. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-146</ref>Between 1810 and 1860, pass 3.5 million slaves dem transport, with 850,000 of dem for de 1820s.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeredith2014193-147</ref> === Triangular trade === De first side of de triangle be de way dem dey export goods from Europe to Africa. Plenty African kings and merchants dem take part in de trading of slaves from 1440 reach around 1833. For each person wey dem catch, de African rulers dem go receive different different goods from Europe. These things include guns, bullets, alcohol, Indian cloths wey dem [[:en:Indigo_dye#History|dye with indigo]], and other factory-made things.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-148</ref> De second leg of de triangle export de African slaves across de Atlantic Ocean go de Americas and de Caribbean Islands. De third and final part of de triangle be de return of goods to Europe from de Americas. De goods dem be de products from de slave farms (plantations), and e include cotton, sugar, tobacco, molasses (be like thick sugar syrup) and rum. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Inikori-149</ref>[[:en:John_Hawkins_(naval_commander)|Sir John Hawkins,]] de pipo dem see am as de pioneer (de first person to start) de English slave trade. He be de first person to run de triangular trade, and he dey make profit for every stop.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-150</ref> === Labour den slavery === De Atlantic slave trade, e happen because of different different reasons. One of de main ones be say [[:en:Labour_shortage|pipo to work no dey enough]]. Dis shortage of pipo to work, e come happen because Europe colonizers dem want to take advantage of de New World land and de things inside to make plenty money. At first, dem dey use de native pipo (dem wey dey de land already) as slave workers until plenty of dem die because of too much work and sicknesses wey come from Europe.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-151</ref> For de mid-16th century, de Spanish pipo deir 'New Laws' come stop de enslavement of de native pipo. So, pipo to work come reduce. Other ways to get pipo to work, like 'indentured servitude' (be like pipo wey dey work for some years to pay debt), dem no fit provide enough workers. Plenty crops dem no fit sell for profit, or even grow am for Europe. Carrying crops and goods from de New World go Europe, dey always prove to be more profitable pass making dem for Europe mainland. Plenty plenty pipo to work dey needed to create and keep de big farms (plantations) wey need plenty hard work to grow, harvest, and process de tropical crops wey dem value. So, West Africa (part of am come be known as '[[:en:Slave_Coast_of_West_Africa|de Slave Coast]]'), Angola and de kingdoms wey dey close, and later [[:en:Central_Africa|Central Africa]], dem come be de source for slaves to meet de demand for pipo to work.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-152</ref> De main reason why workers no dey always enough be say, because plenty cheap land dey available and plenty land owners dey search for pipo to work, de Europe pipo wey dem come free, dem go fit become land owners demselves fast fast. Dat one come make de need for workers increase. So, de English, French, and Portugal pipo dem, dem use African slave labour to meet de shortage of workers.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-153</ref> Thomas Jefferson talk say de reason why dem dey use slave labour be partly because of de climate. And because of dat, pipo wey get slaves just dey get idle time to relax. He talk say: 'For some warm place, no man go work for himself if he fit make another person work for him. Dis one be so true, say from all de pipo wey get slaves, very few of dem you go ever see dem dey work.'<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-154</ref> For 2015, one economist dem call her Elena Esposito, she argue say de reason why dem make Africans slaves for colonial America be say de American south side be warm and wet enough for malaria to grow well. De sickness dey make de Europe settlers dem weak too much. But for de Africans wey dem make slaves, plenty of dem come from parts of Africa wey get strong strong malaria sickness, so de Africans dem don develop natural power to fight de malaria already. Esposito argue say, dis one make de Africans wey dem make slaves get higher chance to survive malaria for de American south pass de Europe workers. So, e make dem be more profitable source of labour and e encourage dem to use dem plenty.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-155</ref> De historian David Eltis, he talk say dem make Africans slaves because of de cultural beliefs for Europe. De beliefs no allow dem to make pipo from deir own culture slaves, even if dem get pipo wey dem fit make slaves (like pipo from prison, pipo wey dem catch for war, and pipo wey no get place to stay). Eltis talk say old old beliefs bin dey for Europe wey say dem no for make Christians slaves (for dat time, few Europe pipo no be Christian). And de few slaves wey dey Europe dem bin be non-Christians and deir direct grand-pikins (because if a slave turn Christian, e no guarantee say dem go free am). So, by de 15th century, Europe pipo as a whole come be seen as 'insiders' (be like pipo from deir own group wey dem no go make slaves). Eltis talk say, even though all de places wey dem dey use slaves get deir 'insiders' and 'outsiders', Europe pipo dem carry dis matter go further. Dem make de whole Europe continent be like 'insider'. So, e no fit happen for dem to make any Europe person slave, because dat one go mean say dem dey make one 'insider' slave. But for de other side, dem dey see Africans as 'outsiders', so dat be why dem qualify to be slaves. Even though Europe pipo fit treat some kind of workers, like pipo from prison, with conditions wey be similar to slaves, dem no go see these workers as 'chattel' (be like property or animal). And deir children no go inherit deir low status. So, for de eyes of Europe pipo, dat one no make dem slaves. De status of 'chattel slavery' (be like pipo as property) come dey only for pipo wey no be Europe pipo, like Africans.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-156</ref> For de British pipo, slaves no be different from animals at all, and dem go fit treat dem like things dem dey sell and buy. So, bad bad things like de '[[:en:Zong_massacre|Zong massacre']] happen and nobody get justice for de pipo wey suffer.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Rupprecht_14-157</ref> === African participation in the slave trade === African pipo wey dem be partners, including deir rulers, traders, and de rich military pipo dem, dem all play direct part for de slave trade. Dem dey sell slaves wey dem get from wars or through kidnapping to Europe pipo or deir agents.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-afbis-83</ref> De pipo wey dem sell as slaves, dem usually dey come from different ethnic group (be like different tribe) from de pipo wey catch dem, whether dem be enemies or just neighbors. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-ldhi-158</ref>These slaves wey dem catch, dem dey see dem as 'other' pipo, dem no be part of de ethnic group or 'tribe' wey dey catch them. African kings dem dey only interested in protecting deir own ethnic group, but sometimes dem go sell criminals to comot dem from de place.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-afbis-83</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-jstor.org-159</ref> Most of de other slaves dem, pipo dey get dem from kidnappings, or through raids (be like sudden attacks) wey dem dey do with guns, all through joint business with de Europe pipo dem.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-afbis-83</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-jstor.org-159</ref> De kingdom of Dahomey bin dey give war captives to de Europe slave traders dem. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-:0-160</ref>Dahomey King Agaja, de one wey rule from 1718 reach 1740, he go take control of de main main trade roads for de Atlantic slave trade. He do am by conquering de neighbour kingdoms like Allada for 1724 and Whydah for 1727.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-:0-160</ref> Dem see say de slave trade for dat area reduce small after dis conquering, but King Agaja he still build plenty important things for de slave trade and he actively take part inside until he finish ein reign (be like until he no dey rule again)<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-161</ref> According to Pernille Ipsen, de woman wey write de book 'Daughters of the Trade: Atlantic Slavers and Interracial Marriage on ´The Gold Coast', she talk say African pipo from de Gold Coast (wey be Ghana now) dem too take part for de slave trade through marriage between different races, or [[:en:Cassare|'cassare']] (dis word dem take am from Italian, Spanish, or Portuguese), wey e mean say 'to set up house'. E come from de Portuguese word 'casar', wey e mean 'to marry'. Dis 'cassare' thing, e form political and money connections between Europe and African slave traders. 'Cassare' be some practice wey dey already before Europe pipo come, dem dey use am to bring pipo wey dem see as 'other' from different African tribes inside deir own pipo. Early for de Atlantic slave trade, e be common for de strong strong West African families wey get power to give deir women for marriage to de Europe traders, as alliance (be like friendship for business). Dat one go make deir business strong. De marriages dem, dem even dey do am with African customs, wey Europe pipo no object to am, because dem see how important de connections be.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-162</ref> === African awareness of the conditions of slavery in the Americas === E hard to fit put together and just talk generally how African pipo wey dey stay for Africa understand de Atlantic slave trade. But some evidence dey show for some societies say, African big men and slave traders dem know de conditions of de slaves wey dem dey carry go de Americas.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-law-163</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTESparks2014243-164</ref>According to Robin Law, de royal big men of de kingdom of Dahomey must get 'informed understanding' (be like dem know plenty) about de bad things wey dey happen to de Africans wey dem sell as slaves.<ref name=":3">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-law-163</ref> Dahomey send deir diplomats (be like pipo wey dey represent deir country) go Brazil and Portugal, and dem come back with information about deir journeys.<ref name=":3" /> On top of dat, some few royal big men of Dahomey dem even experience slavery demselves for de Americas before dem come back to de ma homeland. De only clear moral problem wey de kingdom get with slavery be de way dem dey make fellow Dahomeyans slaves. Dat one be offense wey if dem catch you, dem go kill you. But de kingdom no get problem with de whole slavery business itself.<ref name=":3" /> For de Gold Coast, e be common for African rulers wey dey do slave trade to encourage deir children to learn about Europe pipo. Dem dey send dem to sail on Europe ships, go live inside Europe forts (be like strong strong buildings), or travel go Europe or America to go get education.<ref name=":4">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTESparks2014186%E2%80%93197-165</ref> Diplomats (be like pipo wey dey represent deir country) too dey travel go Europe capital cities. De big men dem even rescue deir fellow big men wey pipo trick dem into slavery for de Americas.<ref name=":4" /> Dem dey do am by sending demands to de Dutch and de British governments. De governments dem go agree because dem fear say trade go reduce and de hostages dem go get physical harm. One example be de case of [[:en:William_Ansah_Sessarakoo|William Ansah Sessarakoo]], de man wey dem rescue from slavery for Barbados after one slave trader from de same Fante tribe recognize him when he visit. Later, de man himself come be slave trader.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-166</ref> [[:en:Fenda_Lawrence|Fenda Lawrence]] be one slave trader from [[:en:The_Gambia|The Gambia]]. She live and dey do her trade for [[:en:Georgia_(U.S._State)|Georgia]] and [[:en:South_Carolina|South Carolina]] as a free person.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-167</ref> Some pipo for Africa, dem no know de real reason for de 'Atlantic slave trade'. So, dem dey think say de 'Europe' pipo be cannibals, wey mean say dem go cook and chop de pipo dem catch.<ref name=":5">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton1998316-168</ref> Dis rumour make de 'African' slaves dem suffer plenty for deir mind.<ref name=":5" /> === African opposition to the slave trade === Sometimes trading between Europe pipo den African leaders no be equal. For example, Europe pipo influence Africans to give more slaves by forming army alliances with African societies wey dey fight. Dem do am to cause more fighting so e go provide more war captives to de African rulers to trade as slaves for Europe pipo deir goods. Also, Europe pipo change de place where dem dey collect trade things along de African coast to follow where de army fights dey for West-Central Africa. For areas of Africa where slavery no be common, Europe slave traders work den negotiate with African rulers on deir own terms for trade, den African rulers refuse say dem no go give Europe pipo de ma demands. Africans den Europe pipo make profit from de slave trade. However, African pipo dem, de social, political, den army changes to African societies, dem suffer plenty. For example, [[:en:Mossi_Kingdoms|Mossi Kingdoms]] dem resist de Atlantic slave trade and refuse to take part in selling African pipo. However, as time go on, more Europe slave traders enter inside West Africa and dem dey get more influence for African nations. So de Mossi pipo come involve for slave trading for de 1800s inside.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-ldhi-158</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-169</ref> Although plenty African nations take part den make profit from de Atlantic slave trade, plenty African nations too resist am, like de [[:en:Jola_people|Djola]] and [[:en:Balanta_people|Balanta]] pipo dem.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-170</ref> Some African nations organize demselves into army resistance movements and fight African slave raiders and Europe slave traders wey dey enter deir villages. For example, de [[Akan people|Akan]], Etsi, Fetu, Eguafo, [[:en:Agona|Agona,]] and Asebu pipo dem organize demselves into de Fante coalition and dem fight African and Europe slave raiders. Dem protect demselves from capture and enslavement.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-171</ref> Chief Tomba, dem born him for 1700, and his adopted father be one general from de Jalonke-speaking pipo wey fight against de slave trade. Tomba come be ruler of de Baga pipo for where Guinea Bissau dey now for West Africa. He make alliances with nearby African villages against African and Europe slave traders. But his efforts no work: African traders catch Tomba and sell him into slavery.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-172</ref> [[:en:Kimpa_Vita|Donna Beatriz Kimpa Vita]] for [[:en:Kongo_people|Kongo]] and Senegalese leader Abd al-Qadir, dem all talk say pipo for resist de way dem dey force Africans go outside.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-173</ref> For de 1770s, leader Abdul Kader Khan oppose de Atlantic slave trade through Futa Toro, wey be Senegal now. Abdul Kader Khan and Futa Toro nation resist French slave traders and colonizers wey want to make Africans and Muslims from Futa Toro slaves. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-174</ref>Other ways wey African nations resist de Atlantic slave trade be say, dem dey move go different different places for West Africa, like swampy areas and lake regions, just to escape slave raids. For West Africa, Efik slave dealers take part for slave dealing as a way to protect demselves from being made slaves.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-175</ref> African resistance movements dem happen for every part of de slave trade. From resisting de marches to de places where dem dey hold slaves, to resisting at de slave coast, and resisting on top of de slave ships.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-176</ref> For example, for inside de slave ship dem call am Clare, de African slaves dem revolt and dem chase de crew from de ship. Dem take control of de ship and free demselves. Dem land near [[:en:Cape_Coast_Castle|Cape Coast Castle]] for where Ghana dey now, for 1729. For other slave ships, African slaves dem sink ships, kill de crew, and dem light fire to ships with bombs. Slave traders and white crewmembers dem prepare and stop possible rebellions by loading women, men, and children separately inside de slave ships. Dis be because slave children dem dey use small small wood, tools, and any object dem find and dem pass am to de men to free demselves and fight de crew. According to historical research from de records of slave ship captains, between 1698 and 1807, pipo revolt 353 times on top of slave ships. De majority of de rebellions by de Africans, dem defeat am. Igbo slaves on ships dey kill demselves by jumping overboard as a way to resist being made slaves. As dem dey want comot more suicides, white crewmen put nets around slave ships to catch slaves wey jump overboard. White captains and crewmen dem invest in guns, [[:en:Swivel_gun|'swivel guns']] (be like small cannons), and dem order ship crews to watch slaves to prevent or prepare for possible slave revolts.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-178</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-179</ref> John Newton, de man wey be captain for slave ships, he write for his personal book how Africans dey revolt on top of ships. And some of dem even successful for taking over de crew. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-180</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-181</ref>For example, in 1730, de slave ship 'Little George' leave from de 'Guinea Coast' go 'Rhode Island' with ninety-six African slaves inside. Some of de slaves dem manage to comot from deir iron chains. Dem kill three of de watchmen on top of de deck and dem lock de captain and de rest of de crew inside. De Africans receive promise of freedom for some deal dem make with de captain and his crew. Africans take de ship back and sail am go back to Africa deir shore. De captain and de crew no fit re-enslave de Africans.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-182</ref> According to research by one historian dem call her Jane Landers, she talk say more rebellions (be like pipo fighting back) on top of slave ships happen when plenty African women dey inside.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-183</ref> '''European participation in the slave trade''' Europe pipo dem provide de market for slaves. Dem rarely dey travel pass de coast or enter inside Africa, because dem fear sickness and de pipo wey dey de land deir resistance.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-184</ref> Dem usually dey stay for fortresses on top of de coasts, where dem dey wait for Africans to give dem slaves wey dem catch from inside de land. Dem dey exchange am for goods. When Europe merchants dem kidnap free Africans into slavery, e often cause serious fight back from Africans. Dem go fit stop trade for some time and even catch or kill Europe pipo.<ref name=":6">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTESparks201446-185</ref> Europe pipo wey want safe and steady trade, dem aim to stop kidnapping incidents. So de British dem pass de 'Acts of Parliament for Regulating the Slave Trade' for 1750, wey e make it illegal to kidnap free Africans by 'fraud, force, or violence'. <ref name=":6" />According to one source from de Lowcountry Digital Library for de [[:en:College_of_Charleston|'College of Charleston']], dem talk say: 'When Portuguese, and later deir Europe competitors, dem find out say peaceful business alone no dey bring enough African slaves to full de growing demands of de trans-Atlantic slave trade, dem form army alliances with certain African groups against deir enemies. Dis one encourage more big fighting to produce captives for trading.'<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-186</ref> For 1778, [[:en:Thomas_Kitchin|Thomas Kitchin]] estimate say Europe pipo dem dey bring around 52,000 slaves to de Caribbean every year. From dis number, de French pipo dem dey bring de most Africans to de [[:en:French_West_Indies|French West Indies]] (13,000 from de yearly estimate). <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Kitchin1-187</ref>De Atlantic slave trade reach its peak for de last twenty years of de 1700s,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton1998304-188</ref> during and after de Kongo Civil War. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton1998305-189</ref>Wars between small small states along de Niger River deir Igbo area, and de banditry (be like thief-man activities) wey follow am, dem too increase for dis time. Another reason why plenty slaves dey available be de big wars wey expanding states dem dey fight, like de [[:en:Kingdom_of_Dahomey|kingdom of Dahomey,]] <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton1998311-190</ref>de [[:en:Oyo_Empire|Oyo Empire,]] and de [[:en:Ashanti_Empire|Ashanti Empire]].<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton1998122-191</ref> '''Slavery in Africa and the New World contrasted''' De way dem dey do slavery for Africa and for de New World, e be different different. Generally, slavery for Africa no be like say if your mama or papa be slave then you too go be slave (be like heritable) – de children of slaves dem be free. But for de Americas, children wey slave mothers born, dem dey consider dem say dem born into slavery. Dis one connect to another difference: slavery for West Africa no be only for pipo from different races or different religions, like how e be for Europe colonies. But some places too, like [[:en:African_slave_trade#Slavery_in_Somalia|Somalia,]] e be different. For dere, dem dey take [[:en:Bantu_people|Bantus]] as slaves for de ethnic Somalis.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-192</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-193</ref> De way dem dey treat slaves for Africa, e be different different pass how dem dey treat dem for de Americas. For one side, de kings of Dahomey dem dey always kill slaves plenty plenty, like hundreds or thousands, for dem deir sacrifice rituals. And pipo know say dem dey use slaves as human sacrifice for [[:en:Cameroon|Cameroon]] too.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-194</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-195</ref>For de other side, slaves for other places, dem dey often treat dem like dem be part of de family, 'adopted children'. Dem get important rights, including de right to marry without deir masters deir permission. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-196</ref>One Scottish explorer dem call am [[:en:Mungo_Park_(explorer)|Mungo Park,]] he write say:<blockquote>De slaves for Africa, I think say dem plenty pass de free pipo, be like three slaves for every one free person. Dem no ask for any pay for deir work except food and clothes. And pipo dey treat dem with kindness or dem dey treat dem harsh, depending on whether deir masters get good heart or bad heart... De slaves wey dem dey bring from inside de land, we fit divide dem into two main groups—first, de ones wey be slaves from de day dem born, because deir mothers be slaves. Second, de ones wey dem born free, but later, no matter how, dem come be slaves. De first group of slaves dem be de most plenty by far...<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-197</ref></blockquote>For de Americas, slaves dem no get de right to marry anyhow dem want, and masters dem no generally accept dem as equal pipo for de family. New World slaves dem dey consider dem as deir owners deir property. And slaves wey dem catch for revolt or killing pipo, dem dey execute dem (be like dem dey kill dem).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-198</ref> === Slave market regions and participation === Europe pipo dem go dey buy and ship slaves go de Western Hemisphere (be like de Americas side) from markets wey dey all over West Africa. De number of slaves wey dem sell go de New World, e dey change change throughout de slave trade time. As for how dem share de slaves from de places wey dem dey operate, some areas produce far more slaves pass other places. Between 1650 and 1900, 10.2 million African slaves arrive for de Americas from de areas below, with these proportions (be like how dem share de numbers).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTELovejoy2000-199</ref> * [[:en:Senegambia_(geography)|Senegambia]] (wey be Senegal and The Gambia): 4.8% * [[:en:Upper_Guinea|Upper Guinea]] (wey be Guinea-Bissau, Guinea and Sierra Leone): 4.1% * [[:en:Pepper_Coast|Windward Coast]] (wey be Liberia and Ivory Coast): 1.8% * [[:en:Gold_Coast_(British_colony)|Gold Coast]] (wey be Ghana and east of Ivory Coast): 10.4% * [[:en:Bight_of_Benin|Bight of Benin]] (wey be Togo, Benin and Nigeria wey dey west of de Niger Delta): 20.2% * [[:en:Bight_of_Biafra|Bight of Biafra]] (wey be Nigeria wey dey east of de Niger Delta, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon): 14.6% * West Central Africa ([[:en:Republic_of_Congo|Republic of de Congo]], [[:en:Democratic_Republic_of_Congo|Democratic Republic of de Congo]] and [[:en:Angola|Angola]]): 39.4% * Southeastern Africa ([[:en:Mozambique|Mozambique]] and [[:en:Madagascar|Madagascar]]): 4.7% Even though de slave trade largely spread all over de world, plenty plenty slave trade dey also happen inside Africa itself. 8 million pipo dem make slaves inside de African continent.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-:2-200</ref> From de pipo wey comot from Africa go outside, 8 million of dem, dem force dem comot from Eastern Africa go send dem to Asia.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-:2-200</ref> === African kingdoms of the era === Over 173 city-states den kingdoms dey for de African areas wey de slave trade affect dem, between 1502 and 1853, wey be de time Brazil come be de last country for de Atlantic side to say dem no want slave trade again. From dat 173, no less than 68 of dem, you go fit call dem proper nation-states. Dem get political and army structures wey make dem fit control deir neighbours. Almost every country wey dey now, get some previous kingdom or empire before colonial masters come. Sometimes dem be big [[:en:African_empires|African empires]] wey Europe traders dem go fit exchange goods with them. ==== Ethnic groups ==== Na de different ethnic groups dem bring to de Americas closely dey correspond to de regions of heaviest activity insyd de slave trade. Na dem take over 45 distinct ethnic groups to de Americas during de trade. Of de 45, na de ten most prominent, according to slave documentation of de era den modern genealogical studies be listed below.<ref name="Hall">{{cite book|last1=Hall|first1=Gwendolyn Midlo|url=http://uncpress.unc.edu/browse/book_detail?title_id=742|title=Slavery and African Ethnicities in the Americas|publisher=University of North Carolina Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0-8078-5862-2|page=|author1-link=|access-date=24 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118132059/http://uncpress.unc.edu/browse/book_detail?title_id=742|archive-date=18 January 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Zakharia |first1=Fouad |last2=Basu |first2=Analabha |last3=Absher |first3=Devin |last4=Assimes |first4=Themistocles L. |last5=Go |first5=Alan S. |last6=Hlatky |first6=Mark A. |last7=Iribarren |first7=Carlos |last8=Knowles |first8=Joshua W. |last9=Li |first9=Jun |last10=Narasimhan |first10=Balasubramanian |last11=Sidney |first11=Steven |last12=Southwick |first12=Audrey |last13=Myers |first13=Richard M. |last14=Quertermous |first14=Thomas |last15=Risch |first15=Neil |date=22 December 2009 |title=Characterizing the admixed African ancestry of African Americans |journal=Genome Biology |volume=10 |issue=12 |pages=R141 |doi=10.1186/gb-2009-10-12-r141 |issn=1474-760X |pmc=2812948 |pmid=20025784 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Veeramah |first1=Krishna R. |last2=Connell |first2=Bruce A. |last3=Pour |first3=Naser Ansari |last4=Powell |first4=Adam |last5=Plaster |first5=Christopher A. |last6=Zeitlyn |first6=David |last7=Mendell |first7=Nancy R. |last8=Weale |first8=Michael E. |last9=Bradman |first9=Neil |last10=Thomas |first10=Mark G. |date=31 March 2010 |title=Little genetic differentiation as assessed by uniparental markers in the presence of substantial language variation in peoples of the Cross River region of Nigeria |journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology |volume=10 |issue=1 |page=92 |bibcode=2010BMCEE..10...92V |doi=10.1186/1471-2148-10-92 |issn=1471-2148 |pmc=2867817 |pmid=20356404 |doi-access=free}}</ref> # De BaKongo of de [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]], de [[Republic of the Congo]] den [[Angola]] # De Mandé of Upper [[Guinea]] # De Gbe speakers of [[Togo]], [[Ghana]], and [[Benin]] (Fon, Ewe, Adja, Mina) # De [[Akan people|Akan]] of Ghana den [[Ivory Coast]] # De Wolof of [[Senegal]] den [[the Gambia]] # De Igbo of southeastern [[Nigeria]] # De Ambundu of [[Angola]] # De Yoruba of southwestern [[Nigeria]] den [[Benin]] # De Tikar and Bamileke of [[Cameroon]] # De Makua of [[Mozambique]] = Human toll = De transatlantic slave trade cause plenty, plenty pipo to die, wey nobody even know de real number. Dis happen to African pipo wey dem catch, both for inside Africa and outside for de Americas. Pipo dey estimate de number of pipo wey die, some dey talk say e fit be as small as 2 million,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-HjLHH-204</ref> and some dey talk say e fit reach 60 million.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-egC2A-205</ref> 'More than a million pipo dem think say dem die' during de time dem dey carry dem go de New World, according to one BBC report.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-news.bbc.co.uk-206</ref> Plenty more pipo die just after dem reach deir destination. De number of lives wey loss during de process of getting de slaves still be mystery. But de number fit be equal to or even pass de number of pipo wey survive to be made slaves.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-ReferenceA-22</ref> De trade cause plenty pipo and cultures to spoil completely. One historian dem call her Ana Lucia Araujo, she talk say de way dem dey make pipo slaves no finish when dem reach de Western Hemisphere shores. De different ways wey de pipo and groups wey de Atlantic slave trade affect, deir paths be different different. Things like where dem land, whether dem fit sell dem for market, de kind of work dem do, whether dem be man or woman, deir age, deir religion, and deir language, all dis affect deir different paths.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-207</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FreedmensInquiry-208</ref> Patrick Manning dey estimate say about 12 million slaves enter de Atlantic trade between de 16th and 19th centuries. But about 1.5 million of dem die on top of de ship. About 10.5 million slaves arrive for de Americas. Apart from de slaves wey die for de Middle Passage (be like de journey on de sea), plenty more Africans likely die during de slave raids and wars for Africa, and de way dem dey force dem march to de ports. Manning estimate say 4 million die inside Africa after dem catch them, and plenty more die when dem be small. Manning de man deir estimate cover de 12 million wey dem originally plan for de Atlantic, as well as de 6 million wey dem plan for Arabian slave markets and de 8 million wey dem plan for African markets. From de slaves wey dem ship go de Americas, de biggest share go to Brazil and de Caribbean.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-209</ref> One Canadian scholar dem call am Adam Jones, he talk say de millions of Africans wey die during de Atlantic slave trade be like 'genocide'. He call am 'one of de worst holocausts in human history', and he talk say arguments wey go against dis, like say 'e be for slave owners deir benefit to keep slaves alive, no be to finish dem', he call all dat 'mostly sophistry' (be like sweet talk to deceive). He say: 'De killing and destruction be intentional, no matter what dem go gain by keeping pipo wey survive de Atlantic passage for work. To talk about de intention matter again: If pipo deliberately dey maintain and expand some system, even though dem all know say e dey cause plenty, plenty pipo to die from a specific group, then why dat one no fit be called genocide?<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-210</ref> [[:en:Saidiya_Hartman|Saidiya Hartman]] talk say de way slaves dey die no be de main aim, e just happen because pipo want profit and because capitalism (be like de system of making money) come up. She talk say: 'Death no be de aim itself but e just be something wey happen because of business. Dis one make say de millions of lives wey loss, e no dey count for anything. Incidental death happen when pipo dema lives no get any real value, when no humans dey involved, when de pipo dem dey see dem say dem already dead.' Hartman highlight say de Atlantic slave trade create millions of dead bodies.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-211</ref> But unlike de concentration camp or de gulag, finishing pipo no be de final goal. E just be something wey follow because dem want to make pipo commodities (be like goods to sell). ===Destinations den flags of carriers=== Most of de Atlantic slave trade, seven nations carry am out, and dem carry most of de slaves go deir own colonies for de New World. But other significant trading too happen, wey dem show am for de table below.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-212</ref> De records no complete, and some of de information no too sure. De last rows show say small numbers of slaves too dem carry go Europe and other parts of Africa. And at least 1.8 million pipo no survive de journey; dem bury dem for sea, with no proper ceremony. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;" |+ Flag of vessels wey dey carry de slaves |- !scope="col"| Destination !scope="col"| Portuguese !scope="col"| British !scope="col"| French !scope="col"| Spanish !scope="col"| Dutch !scope="col"| American !scope="col"| Danish !scope="col"| Total |- !scope="row"| Portuguese Brazil | 4,821,127 || 3,804 || 9,402 || 1,033 || 27,702 || 1,174 || 130 || 4,864,372 |- !scope="row"| British Caribbean | 7,919 || 2,208,296 || 22,920 || 5,795 || 6,996 || 64,836 || 1,489 || 2,318,251 |- !scope="row"| French Caribbean | 2,562 || 90,984 || 1,003,905 || 725 || 12,736 || 6,242 || 3,062 || 1,120,216 |- !scope="row"| Spanish Americas | 195,482 || 103,009 || 92,944 || 808,851 || 24,197 || 54,901 || 13,527 || 1,061,524 |- !scope="row"| Dutch Americas | 500 || 32,446 || 5,189 || 0 || 392,022 || 9,574 || 4,998 || 444,729 |- !scope="row"| [[United States|North America]] | 382 || 264,910 || 8,877 || 1,851 || 1,212 || 110,532 || 983 || 388,747 |- !scope="row"| Danish West Indies | 0 || 25,594 || 7,782 || 277 || 5,161 || 2,799 || 67,385 || 108,998 |- !scope="row"| Europe | 2,636 || 3,438 || 664 || 0 || 2,004 || 119 || 0 || 8,861 |- !scope="row"| Africa | 69,206 || 841 || 13,282 || 66,391 || 3,210 || 2,476 || 162 || 155,568 |- !scope="row"| ''dem no arrive'' | 748,452 || 526,121 || 216,439 || 176,601 || 79,096 || 52,673 || 19,304 || 1,818,686 |-style="font-weight:bold;" !scope="row"| '''Total''' | 5,848,266 | 3,259,443 | 1,381,404 | 1,061,524 | 554,336 | 305,326 | 111,040 | 12,521,339 |} De timeline chart wen na de different nations transport chaw of dema slaves. [[File:Slaves transported per 25 year period by 6 nations.png|thumb|center|400px]] {| class="wikitable sortable" style=text-align:right; |+ Source of slaves, by region !scope="col"| Region !scope="col"| Dem embark !scope="col"| Dem disembark !scope="col"| ''dem no arrive'' !scope="col"| ''% dem no arrive'' |- !scope="row"| Angola Coast, Loango Coast, den Saint Helena | 5,694,570 | 4,955,430 | 739,140 | 12.98% |- !scope="row"| Bight of Benin | 1,999,060 | 1,724,834 | 274,226 | 13.72% |- !scope="row"| Bight of Biafra | 1,594,564 | 1,317,776 | 276,788 | 17.36% |- !scope="row"| [[Gold Coast (region)|Gold Coast]] | 1,209,322 | 1,030,917 | 178,405 | 14.75% |- !scope="row"| Senegambia den off-shore Atlantic | 755,515 | 611,017 | 144,498 | 19.13% |- !scope="row"| Southeast Africa den Indian Ocean islands | 542,668 | 436,529 | 106,139 | 19.56% |- !scope="row"| [[Sierra Leone]] | 388,771 | 338,783 | 49,988 | 12.87% |- !scope="row"| Windward Coast | 336,869 | 287,366 | 49,503 | 14.70% |-style="font-weight:bold;" !scope="row"| '''Total''' | 12,521,339 | 10,702,652 | 1,818,687 | 14.52% |} ==Effects== {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;" |+World population (insyd millions)<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/sixbillion/sixbilpart1.pdf |title=The World at Six Billion |publisher=[[United Nations]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101220025/http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/sixbillion/sixbilpart1.pdf |archive-date=1 January 2016}}</ref> |- !scope="col"| Year !scope="col"| 1750 !scope="col"| 1800 !scope="col"| 1850 !scope="col"| 1900 !scope="col"| 1950 !scope="col"| 1999 |- !scope="row"| World | 791 | 978 | 1,262 | 1,650 | 2,521 | 5,978 |- !scope="row"| Africa | 106 | 107 | 111 | 133 | 221 | 767 |- !scope="row"| Asia | 502 | 635 | 809 | 947 | 1,402 | 3,634 |- !scope="row"| Europe | 163 | 203 | 276 | 408 | 547 | 729 |- !scope="row"| Latin America and the Caribbean | 16 | 24 | 38 | 74 | 167 | 511 |- !scope="row"| Northern America | 2 | 7 | 26 | 82 | 172 | 307 |- !scope="row"| Oceania | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 13 | 30 |} {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;" |+World population (by percentage distribution) |- !scope="col"| Year !scope="col"| 1750 !scope="col"| 1800 !scope="col"| 1850 !scope="col"| 1900 !scope="col"| 1950 !scope="col"| 1999 |- !scope="row"| World | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |- !scope="row"| Africa | 13.4 | 10.9 | 8.8 | 8.1 | 8.8 | 12.8 |- !scope="row"| Asia | 63.5 | 64.9 | 64.1 | 57.4 | 55.6 | 60.8 |- !scope="row"| Europe | 20.6 | 20.8 | 21.9 | 24.7 | 21.7 | 12.2 |- !scope="row"| Latin America and the Caribbean | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 4.5 | 6.6 | 8.5 |- !scope="row"| Northern America | 0.3 | 0.7 | 2.1 | 5.0 | 6.8 | 5.1 |- !scope="row"| Oceania | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 |} === African conflicts === According to Kimani Nehusi, de way Europe pipo wey dey do slave business affect how de laws for African societies dey deal with pipo wey offend. Crimes wey dem usually dey punish pipo with other ways, now dem go punish am by making dem slaves and selling dem to slave traders.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-213</ref> According to David Stannard de man deir book 'American Holocaust', 50% of African pipo deir deaths happen for Africa because of wars between de local kingdoms. And these wars be de ones wey produce most of de slaves. Dis one include not only de pipo wey die for de battles but also de pipo wey die because dem force them march from inside de land to de slave ports on de different coasts. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Gomez-214</ref>De practice of making enemy fighters and deir villages slaves be very common all over Western and West Central Africa. De slave trade mostly be some by-product of tribal and state wars. E be like a way to comot pipo wey fit cause trouble after dem win war, or to find money for future wars.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton1998-215</ref> On top of dat, Europe nations dem instigate war (be like dey cause war) between African nations. Dem increase de number of war captives by making alliances with nations wey dey fight. And dem shift trade locations for coastal areas to follow how African army conflicts dey move, all to get more slaves. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-ldhi-158</ref>Some African groups dem prove say dem be very good and very wicked for de practice of making pipo slaves. Examples be like Bono State, Oyo, Benin, Igala, Kaabu, Ashanti, Dahomey, de Aro Confederacy and de Imbangala war bands.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-216</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-217</ref> For letters wey de Manikongo, Nzinga Mbemba Afonso, write give King João III of Portugal, he talk say de Portuguese goods wey dey come plenty be de thing wey dey boost de trade for Africans. He beg de King of Portugal to stop sending goods but only send missionaries (be like pipo wey dey come preach God dema word). For one of his letters, he write say:<ref name=":7">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Adam_Hochschild_1998-218</ref><blockquote>Every day de traders dem dey kidnap our pipo—children from dis country, children of our big men and de ones wey dey serve us, even pipo from our own family. Dis bad bad thing and spoiling dey spread so much reach say our land don empty finish. We need for dis kingdom only pastors and teachers for school, and no goods, unless e be wine and flour for Mass (be like church service). Our wish be say dis Kingdom no go be a place for dem to trade or carry slaves... Plenty of our pipo dey eagerly want de Portuguese goods wey your pipo bring inside our land. To satisfy dis too much hunger, dem dey catch plenty of our black pipo wey be free subjects... Dem dey sell dem. After dem take these pipo wey dem catch [to de coast] secretly or for night... As soon as de pipo dem catch reach de white men dema hands, dem dey brand dem with hot hot iron.<ref name=":7" /></blockquote>Before de Portuguese pipo come, slavery already dey for de Kingdom of Kongo. Afonso I of Kongo believe say de slave trade suppose to follow Kongo law. When he suspect say de Portuguese pipo dey get pipo wey dem make slaves illegally to go sell, he write to King João III for 1526, dey beg him to stop de whole thing.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-219</ref> De kings of Dahomey dey sell pipo wey dem catch for war go transatlantic slavery (be like across de sea). If dem no sell dem, dem go kill dem for some ceremony dem call am de Annual Customs. As one of West Africa dema main slave states, Dahomey no be popular at all with de neighbouring pipo dem. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-220</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-221</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-222</ref>Just like de Bambara Empire wey dey de east, de Khasso kingdoms too depend plenty on de slave trade for deir money business. How popular one family be, e dey show by de number of slaves dem get. Dis one make say dem dey fight wars just to catch more pipo. Dis trade make de Khasso pipo dey meet de Europe settlements for Africa dema west coast more and more, especially de French pipo dem. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-223</ref>Benin come dey get rich plenty during de 16th and 17th centuries from de slave trade with Europe. Slaves from enemy states wey dey inside de land, dem dey sell them and carry them go de Americas inside Dutch and Portuguese ships. De Bight of Benin dema shore no take long come be known as de 'Slave Coast'.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-224</ref> King Gezo of Dahomey talk for de 1840s say:<blockquote>De slave trade be de main thing wey dey rule my pipo. E be de source and de glory for deir money... de mama dey lull de pikin to sleep with songs of victory over an enemy wey dem reduce to slavery...<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-225</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-BBCAfrican-226</ref></blockquote>For 1807, de UK Parliament pass some law say dem no go do slave trading again. De King of Bonny (wey dey Nigeria now) no happy at all when de whole thing finish:<blockquote>We think say dis trade must go on. Dat be wetin our 'oracle' and de 'priests' dem talk. Dem say your country, no matter how great e be, e no fit stop a trade wey God Himself ordain am.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-BBCAfrican-226</ref></blockquote> === Port factories === After dem march de slaves go de coast for sale, dem go hold them for big big forts wey dem call 'factories'. How long dem dey stay for de factories, e dey vary (be like e dey change). But Milton Meltzer talk for his book 'Slavery: A World History' say around 4.5% of de deaths wey dem link to de transatlantic slave trade happen during dis time. <ref name=":8">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-dup2-227</ref>In other words, dem believe say over 820,000 pipo die for African ports like Benguela, Elmina, and Bonny. Dis one reduce de number of pipo wey dem ship to 17.5 million.<ref name=":8" /> === Atlantic shipment === After dem catch de slaves and hold them for de factories, dem go put them inside de bad bad place dem call am de 'Middle Passage'. Meltzer de man deir research talk say for dis part of de slave trade, about 12.5% <ref name=":8" />of de pipo die. Deir death happen because of wicked treatment and no good care from de time dem catch them until de whole journey finish.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-228</ref> Around 2.2 million Africans die during these journeys. Dem dey pack them inside tight, dirty places on top of ships for months.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-229</ref> Dem try to stop pipo from dying on board by forcing them to 'dance' (as exercise) on top of de deck. Dem also force-feed slaves wey dey try to starve demselves. De conditions on de ship also make plenty deadly sicknesses spread. Other pipo wey die be de ones wey kill demselves, slaves wey escape by jumping overboard. De slave traders go try to fit anywhere from 350 reach 600 slaves on one ship. Before de African slave trade completely stop by de nations wey dey do am in 1853, 15.3 million slaves don arrive for de Americas. Raymond L. Cohn, one economics professor wey his research focus on 'economic history' and 'international migration',<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-230</ref> don research de number of pipo wey dey die among Africans during de Atlantic slave trade journeys. He find out say de number of pipo wey dey die reduce over de years of de slave trade. De main reason be say de time wey de journey take don dey reduce. 'For de eighteenth century, plenty slave journeys dey take at least 2 and a half months. For de nineteenth century, 2 months seem like de longest de journey go take, and plenty journeys be far shorter. Fewer slaves die for de Middle Passage over time mainly because de passage be shorter.'<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-231</ref> Even though slavery bring plenty, plenty money, de ordinary sailors dem on top of slave ships no dey get good pay and dem dey suffer serious discipline. Dem dey expect say about 20% of de ship dema crew go die during one journey. Dis number be like, and sometimes even pass, de number of slaves wey dey die.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-232</ref> Dis happen because of sickness, flogging (be like serious beating), too much work, or slave uprisings (be like slaves fighting back). <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Edwards(Captain.)2007-233</ref>Sickness (malaria or yellow fever) be de main thing wey dey cause sailors to die. If plenty crew pipo die on de return journey, e be good for de captain because e go reduce de number of sailors wey he suppose to pay when dem reach deir home port.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-234</ref> Plenty sailors hate de slave trade, and de pipo wey join slave ships dema crews often do am because dem force them, or because dem no fit find any other work.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Rediker2007-235</ref> === Seasoning camps === Meltzer also talk say 33% of Africans go die for de first year inside de [[:en:Seasoning_(slave)|'seasoning camps']] wey dey all over de Caribbean. Jamaica get one of de most wicked of these camps. 'Dysentery' (be like serious running stomach sickness) be de main thing wey dey cause death. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-236</ref>Captives wey dem no fit sell, dem go destroy them for sure. Around 5 million Africans die for these camps, wey reduce de number of pipo wey survive to about 10 million. De reason for de seasoning camps be to wipe out de Africans dema identity and culture and prepare them for slavery. Inside seasoning camps, African slaves dey learn new language and dem adopt new customs. Dis 'seasoning' process dey take about two or three years.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-237</ref> = Conditions of slavery on plantations before and after abolition of the transatlantic slave trade = === Caribbean === For de colony dema hundred-year time, about one million slaves die because sake of how slavery dey for [[:en:Haiti|Haiti.]] <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-238</ref>If dem bring one slave come Haiti, dem dey expect say de person go die, on average, within 3 years after dem reach. And slaves wey dem born for de island, dem dey expect say dem go live only 15 years.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Marlenedaut-239</ref> For de Caribbean, Dutch Guiana, and Brazil, plenty slaves dey die, and de number of children dem dey born be low. So slaveholders dem dey bring more Africans to keep de slave pipo plenty. De rate wey de slave population dey reduce naturally dey reach as high as 5 percent every year. But for de United States, de number of slaves wey dey die be de same as for Jamaican plantations. For de [[:en:Danish_West_Indies|Danish West Indies]], and for most of de Caribbean, plenty pipo dey die because of de too much hard work of sugar farming. Sugar be big cash crop, and as de Caribbean plantations dey export sugar go Europe and North America, dem need slave workers to make de production get money. So dem dey bring slaves from Africa. African slaves dey live for very bad conditions, and de number of slave children wey dey die under five years old be forty percent. Plenty slaves die from 'smallpox' and worms for de stomach, wey dem catch from bad food and water.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-240</ref> De Atlantic slave trade wey dey carry slaves go Cuba, e become illegal by 1820. But still, Cuba continue to bring African slaves from Africa until dem abolish slavery finish for 1886. After dem stop de slave trade go de United States and British colonies in 1807, Florida bring African slaves from Cuba, plenty of dem land for Amelia Island. Some secret slave boat dey operate between Havana, Cuba, and Pensacola, Florida. Florida stay under Spanish control until 1821, wey make am hard for de United States to stop de smuggling of African slaves from Cuba. For 1821, dem give Florida to de United States. Still, de smuggling of African slaves continue, and from 1821 to 1841, Cuba become de main place wey dey supply African slaves for de United States. Between 1859 and 1862, slave traders make 40 illegal journeys between Cuba and de United States.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-241</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-242</ref> De money dem dey spend to carry pipo like cargo from Africa and de cost to operate de slave trade from Africa go inside Cuba, e increase for de middle of de 19th century. Historian Laird Bergad write about de Cuban slave trade and slave prices. He talk say: 'Three things come together wey cause de plenty demand for slaves. Dis one push prices to high levels... De first thing be say nobody sure about de future of de slave trade itself. De long and persistent campaign by de British to force an end to de Cuban trade, dem always manage to bypass am because Spanish colonial officials and Cuban slave traders dey conspire together. Another problem for British efforts be say de United States no willing to allow dem search US-flag vessels wey dem suspect say dey involve for slave trade.' By de middle of de 1860s, prices of old Africans reduce, while prices of younger Africans increase because dem consider dem to be for de best working age. According to research, for 1860 in [[:en:Matanzas|Matanzas]], about 39.6 percent of slaves wey dem sell be young, prime-aged Africans, whether man or woman. For 1870, de percentage be 74.3 percent. On top of dat, as de cost of sugar increase, de price of slaves too increase.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-243</ref> === South America === For Brazil dema slave plantations, African slaves dem life expectancy (be like how long dem go live) be around 23 years. Dem outlaw de trans-Atlantic slave trade go Brazil for 1831. To make up for de slaves wey dem need, slaveholders for Brazil turn to making slaves born more pikin. Dem dey force slave women to born eight or more slave children. Some slaveholders promise slave women say dem go free them if dem born eight children. For 1873, inside de village of [[:en:Ceará|Santa Ana, for Ceará province,]] some slave woman dem call her Macária, dem promise her freedom after she born eight children. One slave woman, Delfina, kill her pikin because she no want her enslaver, Manoel Bento da Costa, to own her pikin and make her child slave. Brazil practice 'partus sequitur ventrem' (be like de pikin go follow de mother deir status) to increase de slave pipo through slave women born pikin. Dis be because for de 19th century, Brazil need plenty slave workers to work for de sugar plantations for Bahia and de farming and mining industries for Minas Gerais, São Paulo, and Rio de Janeiro.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-245</ref> After dem abolish de Atlantic slave trade wey dey go Brazil, de trade between de provinces (be like states) increase. So slaveholders dem dey force and depend on slave women to born pikin plenty plenty, as many as dem fit, just to make sure say dem get enough slaves. [[:en:Abolitionism|'Abolitionists']] (be like pipo wey want slavery to stop) for Brazil, dem want to abolish slavery by removing 'partus sequitur ventrem' (be like de pikin go follow de mother deir status) because dem dey use am to keep slavery going. For example, historian Martha Santos write about de slave trade, women born pikin, and abolition for Brazil. She talk say: 'Some proposal wey focus on de 'emancipation of de womb' (be like freeing de womb), wey some important lawyer and politician dem call am Agostinho Marques Perdigão Malheiro write am, Pedro II officially agree to am as de most practical way to end slavery small small and with peace. Dis conservative proposal, some modified version of am wey come be de 'free womb' law wey Parliament pass for 1871, e really make de children wey slave women born later free. But e force those children to serve deir mothers dema masters until dem reach twenty-one years, and e push de complete freedom go later date'.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-246</ref> === United States === De number of pikin wey dem dey born for de United States be more than 80 percent higher because de slave population dey grow naturally, and because of 'slave breeding farms' (be like farms wey dem dey make slaves born pikin).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-247</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-248</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-249</ref>How many pikin de first set of slaves wey dem bring from Africa born be low. But, for de US, e fit don increase for de 19th century to about 55 for every thousand pipo. Dis one dey reach de highest number of pikin human pipo fit born.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-250</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-251</ref> After dem ban de 'trans-Atlantic slave trade' for 1807, slaveholders for de 'Deep South' of de United States need more slaves to work for de cotton and sugar farms. To full de demand for more slaves, dem dey practice 'slave breeding' for Richmond, Virginia. Richmond sell thousands of slaves go slaveholders for de 'Deep South' to go work de cotton, rice, and sugar plantations. Virginia dem know am as a 'breeder state'. One slaveholder for Virginia brag say his slaves born 6,000 slave children for sale. About 300,000 to 350,000 slaves dem sell from Richmond dema slave breeding farms.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-252</ref> Slave breeding farms and forcing young slave girls and women to born pikin, e cause problems for deir 'reproductive health'. Slave women find ways to resist de forcing to born pikin by causing 'miscarriages' and 'abortions' by taking plants and medicines.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-253</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-254</ref> Slaveholders dem try to control how slave women dey born pikin by encouraging dem to get relationships with slave men. 'Some slaveholders take matters into deir own hands, though, and dem pair slave men and women together with de aim say dem go born pikin plenty.'<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-255</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-256</ref>Slave teenage girls dey born pikin when dem be fifteen or sixteen years old. Slave women dey born pikin for deir early twenties. To meet de slaveholders dema needs to born more slaves, slave girls and women dey get seven or nine children. Slave girls and women dem force them to born as many slaves as possible. De number of slave mothers and children wey dey die be plenty because of no good food, bad sanitation (be like dirty environment), no medical care, and too much work.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-257</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-258</ref> For de United States, one slave deir life expectancy (be like how long dem go live) be 21 to 22 years. Den a black child from age 1 to 14 get double de risk of dying pass a white child of de same age.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-259</ref> Making slaves born pikin replace de demand for slave workers after de Atlantic slave trade to de United States reduce. Dis one cause de 'domestic slave trade' (be like slave trade inside de same country) to increase. De way dem dey sail slaves for de domestic slave trade, dem call am 'sold down de river'. Dis mean say dem dey sell slaves from Louisville, Kentucky, wey be some city wey dem dey trade slaves and supply them. Louisville, Kentucky, Virginia, and other states for de 'Upper South' dey supply slaves go de 'Deep South'. Dem dey carry dem on boats wey dey go down de Mississippi River to Southern slave markets.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-260</ref> New Orleans, Louisiana, come be some major slave market for de United States domestic slave trade after dem ban de Atlantic slave trade for 1807. Between 1819 and 1860, dem transport 71,000 slaves go de New Orleans slave market on top of slave ships. These ships dey comot from ports for de United States along de Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico go New Orleans, all to supply de demand for slaves for de Deep South.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-265</ref> Texas too, dem take part for de illegal slave trade. Dem dey bring slaves from Cuba go Galveston Island, wey be de main illegal slave port for Texas. Texas be part of Mexico from 1821 until 1836, den Cuba continue to supply African slaves go plenty Latin American countries. After 1821, de smuggling of slaves go inside Texas increase because slaveholders dem need more slave workers. Galveston Island dey for de Gulf of Mexico, and e be 800 miles away from de slave ports for Cuba, and between 60 and 70 miles away from de Louisiana border. Smugglers dem use these places to deir advantage. Dem illegally bring African slaves from Cuba and make money by selling Africans to slaveholders for Texas and Louisiana. For example, some French pirate and privateer dem call am Jean Lafitte, he set up some colony on Galveston Island for 1817. He dey do privateering (be like some legal piracy) for four years and make profit by smuggling in slaves. He sell over 200 Africans to slaveholders for de United States. Lafitte use middlemen like de Bowie brothers, John, Resin, den James. Dem dey contract with slave traders and farm owners from de United States wey get interest to buy slaves. From 1818 to 1820, Lafitte and de Bowie brothers make $65,000 from smuggling Africans into de Southern states and selling them to farm owners for Louisiana and Mississippi.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-267</ref> Historian Ernest Obadele-Starks estimate say after 1807, de number of African slaves wey dem smuggle go inside de United States every year, e average around 3,500, wey be small. New Orleans, Louisiana, and Florida be de main places for de illegal bringing in of slaves for de United States. Dis be because dem dey very close to Cuba and de other Caribbean islands wey dey supply slave workers for de Southern states.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-268</ref> = Diseases = Plenty sicknesses, each one fit kill plenty pipo or even most of some new pipo, arrive for de Americas after 1492. Dem include [[:en:Smallpox|'smallpox',]] [[:en:Malaria|'malaria',]] [[:en:Bubonic_plague|'bubonic plague',]] '[[:en:Typhus|typhus']], [[:en:Influenza|'influenza']] (be like bad cold), 'measles', 'diphtheria', 'yellow fever', and 'whooping cough'. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-269</ref>During de Atlantic slave trade after dem discover de New World, dem record say sicknesses like these cause plenty, plenty pipo to die. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-:3-270</ref>Because of de plenty sicknesses for de African continent, Europe pipo give Sierra Leone for West Africa de nickname 'white man's grave' because of de number of Europe pipo wey die from sicknesses.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-271</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-272</ref> From 1819 to 1836, de parts of Africa wey plenty Europe pipo die from malaria be Sierra Leone and Senegal. Out of every 1,000 Europe pipo wey die, 164.66 white pipo die from malaria for Senegal. And for Sierra Leone, 483 white pipo die from malaria. Sierra Leone get de highest number of white pipo dying from malaria, accounting for 40 percent of deaths every year. Because of dis, dem give am de nickname 'white man's grave'. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-273</ref>De phrase 'white man's grave' dem coin am for de 1830s. However, Europe pipo, even before dem create de phrase, dem dey already see Africa as a dangerous place because of de hot weather and de plenty pipo wey dey die from sicknesses. Dat be why dem create de phrase for de 19th century.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-274</ref> Malaria like warm and wet places plenty. For North America, malaria no spread too much because some areas deir weather no good for de sickness to survive. Europe American slaveholders prefer say Africans wey get immunity (be like body strong against sickness) to malaria, dem go carry dem go de slave ports. De price for Africans wey dem born for areas wey malaria dey plenty be higher. Historian Elena Esposito explain say: 'By looking at de prices of African slaves for de United States in de past, we find proof of some extra money dem dey give because de person fit fight malaria. In fact, we show say for Louisiana plantations, pipo wey fit resist malaria more – de ones wey dem born for Africa dema areas wey malaria dey plenty – dem dey get significantly higher prices.'<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-275</ref> How pipo dema body change over time (evolutionary history) too fit play part for how African pipo dema body dey resist sicknesses for de continent, and how 'Indigenous peoples'/'Native Americans' dema body no fit resist sicknesses wey come from Africa. If you compare them to Africans and Europeans, New World pipo dema body no get history of meeting sicknesses like malaria before. Because of dat, dem no get any body strength (genetic resistance) wey deir body produce because deir body no adapt through 'natural selection' (be like how pipo dema body dey change to fit de environment).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-:5-276</ref> How strong de body dema immunity be, e dey change from one sickness to another. For 'smallpox' and 'measles' for example, de pipo wey survive, deir body go get de power to fight de sickness for de rest of deir life. Like say dem no fit catch de sickness again. Then other sicknesses too dey, like malaria, wey dem no give effective lasting immunity (be like body strong forever).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-:5-276</ref> === Smallpox === Plenty 'smallpox' sicknesses dem know say dem cause plenty decrease for de number of 'Indigenous' pipo for de New World.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-:4-277</ref> De effects on de pipo wey survive include 'pockmarks' (be like holes) on de skin wey leave deep scars, wey common dey cause serious disfigurement (be like making de face or body look bad). Some Europe pipo, wey dem believe say de bad sickness 'syphilis' for Europe come from de Americas, dem see smallpox as Europe dema revenge against de Natives.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-:3-270</ref> Africans and Europeans, unlike de local pipo, often get immunity for deir whole life. Dis be because dem often meet small small forms of de sickness like 'cowpox' or 'variola minor' disease when dem be pikin. By de late 16th century, some ways of 'inoculation' (be like giving small sickness to make body strong) and 'variolation' dey for Africa and de Middle East. One practice be say Arab traders for Africa 'buying-off' de disease. Dem go tie some cloth wey don touch de sickness before to another pikin deir arm to increase deir immunity. Another practice involve taking 'pus' (be like watery substance) from some smallpox 'scab' (be like dry wound) and putting am inside de cut of some healthy person. Dis be to make sure say dem get small sickness later instead of de sickness becoming deadly.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-:4-277</ref> = European competition = De trade of African slaves for de Atlantic, e start from when Portuguese sailors dem begin explore down de coast of West Africa for de 15th century. Before dat, dem first meet African slave markets to buy back Portuguese pipo wey 'Barbary pirates' from North Africa catch dem. These pirates dem dey attack Portuguese ships and villages for de coast plenty, wey make de places empty finish.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-278</ref> De first Europe pipo to use African slaves for de New World be de Spaniards. Dem want pipo to help dem for deir conquering journeys and workers for islands like Cuba and Hispaniola. De way de native pipo dema population dey reduce fast fast make dem bring de first royal laws to protect them ('Laws of Burgos', 1512–13). De first African slaves arrive for Hispaniola for 1501.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-279</ref> After Portugal succeed in setting up sugar plantations ('engenhos') for northern Brazil around 1545, Portuguese merchants for de West African coast begin to supply African slaves to de sugar farmers. At first, these farmers depend almost completely on de native 'Tupani' pipo for slave work. But after 1570, dem begin bring Africans, because plenty sicknesses ('epidemics') don finish de Tupani communities wey already no stable. By 1630, Africans don replace de Tupani as de biggest group of workers on Brazilian sugar plantations. Dis one end de Europe medieval house slavery tradition, make Brazil receive de most African slaves, and show say sugar farming and processing be de reason why about 84% of these Africans dem ship them to de New World. On November 7, 1693, Charles II issue some 'royal decree' (be like some order from de King), wey e say Spanish Florida go give safe place for slaves wey run away from de British colony of South Carolina.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-280</ref> As Britain grow strong for navy power (be like dem get plenty war ships) and dem settle pipo for continental North America and some islands for de West Indies, dem come be de main slave traders. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-281</ref>At one point, de trade be only for de 'Royal African Company' deir hand, wey dem dey operate from London. But, after de company lose deir monopoly (be like say only dem fit do de business) for 1689,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-282</ref> Bristol and Liverpool merchants come dey involve plenty for de trade. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-283</ref>By de late 18th century, out of every four ships wey comot from Liverpool harbour, one be slave trading ship.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Anstey-284</ref> Plenty of de money wey dem use build de city of Manchester, and de towns around am, for de late 18th century and most of de 19th century, e come from processing cotton wey slaves pick, and making cloth. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-285</ref>Other British cities too make money from de slave trade. Birmingham, de biggest 'gun-producing' town for Britain for dat time, dey supply guns to go exchange for slaves. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-286</ref>75% of all de sugar wey dem produce for de plantations dem dey send am go London, and plenty of am dem dey chop for de 'coffee houses' dem, wey dey make plenty money there.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Anstey-284</ref> = New World destinations = === Caribbean === De first slaves wey arrive as workers for de New World reach de island of Hispaniola (wey be Haiti and de Dominican Republic now) for 1502. Cuba receive deir first four slaves for 1513. Jamaica receive deir first shipment of 4,000 slaves for 1518. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-288</ref>'Between de 1490s and de 1850s, Latin America, including de Spanish-speaking Caribbean and Brazil, bring de largest number of African slaves to de New World. Dis one create de single biggest concentration of black pipo outside de African continent.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-289</ref>' About 4 million African slaves dem transport them to de Caribbean through de transatlantic slave trade.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-290</ref> Cuba, de biggest slave colony for Hispanic America, bring 800,000 African slaves and dem take part for de illegal slave trade pass any other place.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-291</ref> African slaves dey work about 16 hours a day for de sugarcane plantations. Dem bring deir 'traditional religions' from West Africa. These ones develop for de New World as religions wey scholars dem call 'African diaspora religions'.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-292</ref> === Central America === Dem start to export slaves go Honduras and Guatemala for 1526. Historian Nigel Bolland write about de slave trade for Central America. He talk say: 'De need for workers for de early Spanish settlements for Hispaniola, Cuba, Panama, and Peru, e cause plenty 'Indian (Indigenous people)' slave trade for Central America for de second quarter of de 16th century. In fact, de first economy for de region under de colonial masters be based on slave trading.'<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-293</ref> For de 16th century, most of de Africans wey dem bring come Central America, dem come from today's Senegambia and other West African areas. Between 1607 and 1640, Portuguese slave traders bring Africans from Angola go Honduras, and dem sell them for Santiago de Guatemala to go work for de sugar and indigo plantations. Most of de Africans wey dey work for de plantations come from de Luanda area for Central Africa.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-294</ref> === United States === De first African slaves wey reach wetin go come be de United States arrive for July 1526. Dem come as part of some Spanish pipo dema try to settle San Miguel de Gualdape. By November, de 300 Spanish pipo wey come settle don reduce to 100, and deir slaves too, from 100 to 70. De slaves fight back for 1526 and dem join some Native American tribe nearby. Meanwhile, de Spanish pipo abandon de settlement completely for 1527. De area of de future Colombia receive deir first slaves for 1533. El Salvador, Costa Rica, and Florida start deir time for de slave trade for 1541, 1563, and 1581 respectively. According to research, about 40 percent of African slaves arrive for Gadsden's Wharf, wey be de biggest slave port for de United States.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-295</ref> For de 17th century, for 'colonial Boston' inside Massachusetts, about 166 transatlantic journeys comot from Boston. Boston dey bring slaves from Africa and dem dey export 'rum' (be like local drink).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-296</ref> Peter Faneuil organize and make money from de transatlantic journeys wey comot from Boston. He dey bring 'manufactured goods' from Europe, and he dey bring slaves, rum, and sugar from de Caribbean.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-297</ref> Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island be de three New England states wey get de most slave pipo. De slave population for South Kingston, Rhode Island, be thirty percent. For Boston, de slave population be ten percent, for New London e be nine percent, and for New York e be 7.2 percent.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-298</ref> De first time dem write about slaves for New England be 1638. For Northern American British colonies, 'Massachusetts Bay colonies' be de center for slave trading, and 'colonial Boston' be a major slave port for de North, dey bring slaves direct from Africa.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-299</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-300</ref> De 17th century see plenty increase in slave shipments. Africans dem bring them go Point Comfort – some miles down de river from de English colony of Jamestown, Virginia – for 1619. De first kidnapped Africans for English North America, dem classify them as 'indentured servants' (be like pipo wey dey work to pay debt) and dem free them after seven years. Virginia law make 'chattel slavery' (be like treating pipo as property) official for 1656. And for 1662, de colony adopt de principle of 'partus sequitur ventrem' (be like de pikin go follow de mother deir status), wey classify children of slave mothers as slaves, no matter who de father be. Under British law, children wey white male slave owners and black female slaves born go fit inherit de father deir status and rights. De change to maternal inheritance for slaves make sure say anybody wey born with any slave ancestors be slave, no matter how de relationship between de white father and de black mother be, whether dem agree or no.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-304</ref> On top of African pipo, de 'Indigenous peoples of de Americas' (be like de real pipo wey dey de land) too, dem dey traffic them through de Atlantic trade routes. De book dem call am 'The Doings and Sufferings of the Christian Indians', wey dem write am for 1677 for example, e dey document say 'English colonial' pipo wey dem catch for war (wey dem no be enemies, but dem be pipo from forces wey dey side with English), dem dey make them slaves and send them go Caribbean places. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Gookin-305</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Bodge1-306</ref>Indigenous opponents wey dem catch, including women and children, too dem dey sell them as slaves for plenty profit. Dem dey transport them go 'West Indies' colonies.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Bodge2-307</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Winiarski2004-308</ref> === South America === De Spanish den Portuguese pipo dem go settle South America and dem make de 'Indigenous people' (be like de real pipo wey dey de land) slaves. Later, dem make Africans wey dem bring from West and Central Africa inside ships through de Atlantic slave trade, dem make them slaves too. Brazil bring 4.8 million African slaves. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-309</ref>Africans wey escape slavery there, dem form 'quilombos' (be like settlements), dem be 'maroon communities' (be like pipo wey escape slavery and form deir own towns) wey get some level of deir own rule. 'Palmares', some quilombo community, e last for 100 years. Meanwhile, other communities dem, de Dutch and Portuguese pipo quickly comot them. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-310</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-311</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-312</ref>De Africans wey dem bring come Brazil be 'Yoruba', 'Fon', 'Bantu', and other pipo. Deir religions from Africa develop into new world religions for Brazil dem call them 'Candomblé', 'Umbanda', Xango, and 'Macumba'.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-313</ref> Historian Erika Edwards write about de slave trade for Argentina. She talk say: 'For 1587, de first slaves arrive for Buenos Aires from Brazil. From 1580 to 1640, de main business wey Buenos Aires dey do be de slave trade. More than 70 percent of de value of all de things wey dem bring come Buenos Aires be African slaves. Slaves come mostly from Brazil through de Portuguese slave trade from Angola and other western states for Africa. Once dem arrive for Buenos Aires, dem fit send them go far as Lima, Peru. Dem dey provide slaves give Mendoza, Tucuman, and Salta Jujuy, as well as to Chile, Paraguay, den the place dem dey call Bolivia and southern Peru today.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-314</ref> === Russia === By 1802, Russian pipo wey come settle de place (colonists) notice say 'Boston' (be like pipo from U.S.) skippers dem (be like ship captains) dey trade African slaves for otter animal dema furs ('pelts') with de 'Tlingit people' for Southeast Alaska.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Dauenhauer-315</ref> = Economics of slavery = For France inside de 18th century, de money wey investors for plantations dey get back, e average around 6%. If you compare am to 5% for most businesses inside de country, dis one show say dem dey get 20% extra profit. Risks – wey be for sea and for business – dem be important for individual journeys. Investors dem reduce am by buying small small shares for plenty ships at de same time. Dat way, dem fit spread de risk so e no too affect one person. Between journeys, dem fit sell den buy ship shares freely.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-319</ref> By far, de 'West Indian' colonies wey make plenty, plenty money for 1800, dem belong to de United Kingdom. After dem enter de sugar colony business late, British dema strong navy power and deir control over important islands like Jamaica, Trinidad, de Leeward Islands, and Barbados, plus de land of British Guiana, give them big advantage over all de pipo wey dey compete with them. While plenty British pipo no make money, some few pipo make small small fortunes. Dem get dis advantage more when France lose deir most important colony, St. Domingue (western Hispaniola, wey be Haiti now), to some slave revolt for 1791.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-320</ref> And dem support revolts against deir rival Britain, for de name of freedom after de 1793 French revolution. Before 1791, British sugar dem for protect am to fit compete against French sugar wey be cheaper. After 1791, de British islands produce de most sugar, and de British pipo quickly come be de ones wey dey chop am plenty pass everybody. West Indian sugar come dey everywhere, like dem dey add am to Indian tea. Dem don estimate say de money wey dem make from de slave trade and from West Indian plantations create up to one out of every twenty pounds (money) wey dey circulate for de British economy during de 'Industrial Revolution' (be like big change for how dem dey make things) for de latter half of de 18th century.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-321</ref> After de 'Slavery Abolition Act 1833' wey small small end slavery for de British Empire, de UK government take loan of £15 million (wey be $4.25 billion for 2023) to pay de pipo wey get slaves before, because dem lose deir 'property' after dem free deir slaves. Dem no give any compensation to de pipo wey dem free from slavery.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-322</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-323</ref> = Effects = Historian Walter Rodney talk say, for de start of de slave trade inside de 16th century, even though de way Europe and Africa dema technology be, e no be de same, de difference no be too big. Both continents dey use 'Iron Age technology' (be like dem dey use iron tools and weapons). De main thing wey Europe get advantage for be how dem dey build ships. During de time of slavery, de number of pipo for Europe and de Americas grow plenty, plenty, like say dem just shoot up, but de pipo for Africa demma number stay de same. Rodney argue say de money wey dem make from slavery, dem use am to bring money growth and make technology advance for Europe and de Americas. Based on earlier theories from Eric Williams, he talk say de 'industrial revolution' (be like de big change for how dem dey make things) for some part, de money come from farming profits from de Americas. He give examples like de 'invention' of de steam engine by James Watt, wey plantation owners from de Caribbean fund am.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-WalterRodney-325</ref> Other historians dem don attack both Rodney and de way he do ein things and whether wetin he talk be correct. Joseph C. Miller don talk say de social change and de pipo dema number no dey grow (wey he research am with de example of West Central Africa) happen mainly because of things inside de country. Joseph Inikori give some new way of arguing. He dey estimate how de pipo dema number go fit develop if de Atlantic slave trade no happen. Patrick Manning don show say de slave trade really get big effect on African pipo dema numbers and deir social rules. But he criticize Inikori his approach say e no take other things (like hunger and no rain) into account. Because of dat, he say e be too much guessing.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-326</ref> === Effect on de economy of West Africa === De effect of de trade on African societies, pipo dey argue about am plenty, sake of de plenty goods wey enter Africa. Pipo wey dey support de slave trade, like Archibald Dalzel, dem talk say African societies be strong and de trade no affect them too much. For de 19th century, Europe 'abolitionists' (be like pipo wey want slavery to stop), especially David Livingstone, dem take de opposite view. Dem talk say de local economy and societies wey be fragile, de trade dey harm them seriously. According to research from historian Nathan Nunn, de way Africa dema infrastructure and economy no develop well be because of colonization and de slave trade. Nunn write say: '...Africa dema bad economic performance be result of countries failing after colonial rule. De root of dis one dey for de underdevelopment and instability of de political systems before colonial rule... because dem no get significant political development during colonial rule, de small political structures wey dey before continue to dey after independence. As a result, Africa dema leaders after independence inherit countries wey no get de necessary infrastructure to extend deir authority and control over de whole country. Plenty countries no fit, and still no fit, collect taxes from deir citizens. And as a result, dem no fit provide even small small public goods and services.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-329</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-330</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-331</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-332</ref> Some African rulers dem see say dem go make money from trading deir pipo with Europe slave traders. Apart from Angola wey Portuguese dey control, African leaders wey dey de coast 'generally control how pipo dey enter deir coasts. And dem fit prevent pipo from making deir subjects and citizens direct slaves'.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Thornton_2012-334</ref> So, as African scholar John Thornton talk, African leaders wey allow de slave trade to continue probably make money from selling deir pipo to Europe pipo. De Kingdom of Benin, for example, dem take part for de African slave trade, anytime dem want, from 1715 to 1735. Dis one surprise Dutch traders, who no expect to buy slaves for Benin.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Thornton_2012-334</ref> De money wey dem make from trading slaves for Europe goods be enough to make de Kingdom of Benin rejoin de trans-Atlantic slave trade after plenty centuries wey dem no participate. Such benefits include military weapons (especially guns and gunpowder), gold, or just to keep good good trade relationships with Europe nations. De slave trade be de way some African big men (elites) use to get money advantage.<ref name=":9">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-:1-335</ref> Historian Walter Rodney estimate say by around 1770, de King of Dahomey dey earn about £250,000 every year by selling captive African soldiers and slaves to de Europe slave-traders. Plenty West African countries too, dem already get tradition of holding slaves, wey dem expand am into trade with Europe pipo. De Atlantic trade bring new new crops come Africa and better money wey de West African merchants dem come dey use am. Dem fit see dis one as some kind of new way of doing things wey make de cost of doing business small. But de good good things wey e bring for development no be plenty, as long as de business including making pipo slaves.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-336</ref> Both Thornton and Fage dem talk say, even though African big men for politics (elite) fit don make money from de slave trade for de end, deir decision to take part fit be because of wetin dem go lose if dem no participate. For Fage de man his article wey dem call am 'Slavery and the Slave Trade in the Context of West African History', he note say for West Africans '... dem no really get plenty good ways to get workers for de state dema money and politics dema needs' without de slave trade.<ref name=":9" /> === Effects on the British economy === Historian Eric Williams for 1994 talk say de money wey Britain get from deir sugar colonies, or from de slave trade between Africa and de Caribbean, e help to bring money for Britain dema 'industrial revolution'. However, he say by de time dem abolish de slave trade for 1807, and dem free de slaves for 1833, de sugar plantations for de British West Indies don lose deir profit. So, e be good for Britain dema money to free de slaves.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2021100%E2%80%93107,_167%E2%80%93170-337</ref> Other researchers and historians dem don argue plenty against wetin dem come call de 'Williams thesis' for school. David Richardson don conclude say de money wey dem make from de slave trade no even reach 1% of de money wey dem invest inside Britain dema country.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-338</ref> Economic historian Stanley Engerman find say, even if you no remove de costs wey come with de slave trade (like money for shipping, slaves wey die, British pipo wey die for Africa, money for defense) or putting de profits back into de slave trade, de total money from de slave trade and from West Indian plantations no even reach 5% of de British economy for any year of de Industrial Revolution.<ref name=":10">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-The_Slave_Trade_and_British_Capital_Formation_in_the_Eighteenth_Century-339</ref> Engerman de man his 5% figure, e dey give plenty 'benefit of de doubt' to Williams de man his argument. No be only because e no take into account de costs wey come with de slave trade for Britain, but also because e dey carry de full-employment assumption from economics. And e dey hold de total money from slave trade profits as direct contribution to Britain dema national income. <ref name=":10" />Historian Richard Pares, for some article wey he write before Williams de man his book, he dismiss de influence of de money wey dem make from de West Indian plantations on de financing of de Industrial Revolution. He talk say any big flow of investment from West Indian profits go inside industry happen after dem free de slaves, no be before. However, each of these works dem focus mainly on de slave trade or de Industrial Revolution. Dem no focus on de main part of Williams de man his thesis, wey be about sugar and slavery itself. Therefore, dem no fit argue against de main part of Williams de man his thesis.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-The_Economic_Factors_in_the_History_of_the_Empire-340</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams20211%E2%80%9321-341</ref> Seymour Drescher and Robert Anstey dem talk say de slave trade remain dey make money reach de end. And say na pipo dema good heart to change things (moralistic reform), no be money profit, be de main reason why dem stop slavery. Dem talk say slavery remain dey make money for de 1830s because of new ways dem find for farming. However, Drescher de man his book 'Econocide' e finish de study for 1823. So, e no talk about most of Williams de man his thesis, wey cover how de sugar plantations reduce after 1823, de freeing of slaves for de 1830s, and how dem later remove sugar taxes for de 1840s. These arguments no fit argue against de main part of Williams de man his thesis. Dat one dey bring economic data (be like money figures) to show say de slave trade be small compared to de money wey sugar and slavery itself make for de British Caribbean.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-342</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-343</ref> Karl Marx, for his strong book on how money business (capitalism) start, wey dem call am 'Das Kapital', he write say '...de turning of Africa into some place wey dem dey hunt black pipo for business, e show de nice beginning of de time for 'capitalist production' (be like pipo dey make plenty money).' He talk say de slave trade be part of wetin he call de 'primitive accumulation' of 'capital' (be like gathering money for de start). Dis be de way dem gather money wey no follow 'capitalist' rules, wey e happen before and e create de money conditions for Britain dema 'industrialisation' (be like when dem start to do plenty factory work and machines).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-344</ref> === Demographics === How de slave trade affect de number of pipo (demographic effects), e be some matter wey pipo dey argue about plenty, plenty. Even though scholars dem like Paul Adams and Erick D. Langer don estimate say 'sub-Saharan Africa' get about 18 percent of de whole world dema pipo for 1600, and only 6 percent for 1900, <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-345</ref>de reasons why dis change happen be some big argument. On top of de pipo wey finish for Africa because of de slave trade, African countries dem be left with plenty 'imbalanced gender ratios' (be like say women too many pass men). Women fit reach up to 65 percent of de pipo for areas wey de trade hit hard, like Angola.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-:2-200</ref> On top of dat, plenty scholars (like Barbara N. Ramusack) don talk say dem see connection between de way pipo dey do 'prostitution' for Africa today and de temporary marriages wey dem force pipo to do during de time of de slave trade.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-346</ref> Walter Rodney talk say de way dem export plenty, plenty pipo be like some big disaster for de number of pipo for Africa. He say dis one make Africa dey suffer forever when you compare am to other parts of de world, and e explain plenty why de continent still dey suffer. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-WalterRodney-325</ref>He show figures wey dey prove say Africa dema pipo demma number no grow at all during dis time, meanwhile for Europe and Asia, deir pipo grow plenty, plenty. According to Rodney, all other parts of de economy dem suffer because of de slave trade. De big big merchants dem abandon deir normal businesses to go pursue slaving, and de pipo for de lower levels of de population too dem suffer because of de slaving itself. Other pipo dem don challenge dis view. J. D. Fage compare de effect on de number of pipo for de whole continent. David Eltis don compare de numbers to de rate of pipo wey comot from Europe during dis time. For de 19th century alone, over 50 million pipo comot from Europe go de Americas. Dis rate be far higher than de pipo wey dem ever take from Africa.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-347</ref> Other scholars dem accuse Walter Rodney say he no talk de correct thing about de trade between Africans and Europeans. Dem talk say Africans, or better still, African big men (elites), dem purposely allow Europe traders to join some already big trade in slaves. And say dem no dey treat them like small pikin.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThornton1998-215</ref> As Joseph E. Inikori talk, de history of de area dey show say de effects still be very bad. He talk say de way Africa dema money business be for dat time, e be very different from Europe dema own. And e no fit hold up with plenty pipo dying like dat. Pipo wey reduce plenty for some areas too, e cause plenty problems. Inikori also note say after dem stop de slave trade, Africa dema pipo begin increase fast fast almost immediately, even before dem bring new new medicines.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-348</ref> === Cultural effects === De way de transatlantic slave trade affect African culture be say, de number of traditional African religious practices reduce plenty. According to research for a 2021 census of religions for Ghana, wey de Office of International Religious Freedom publish am, for that year, de Ghana Embassy report say: 71 percent of de pipo be Christian, 20 percent be Muslim, 3 percent dey follow deir own native or animistic religious beliefs, and 6 percent belong to other religious groups or dem no get any religious beliefs. Historian Nana Osei Bonsu argue say de transatlantic slave trade no be say e just carry millions of Africans comot from de continent. He say e also cause de decline of traditional African religions and Ghanaian native culture. This be because Europe pipo believe say African pipo dema culture and religions be useless and no good. De slave trade come cause de colonization of Africa and her pipo. This one force plenty Africans to change and become Christian.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-349</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-350</ref> De transatlantic slave trade come spoil de normal trade roads for West-Central Africa. Before, Africans dey trade goods and slaves using trade roads inside Africa. Dem roads dey connect to de Sahara Desert and de Mediterranean coast, where dem dey trade other things and slaves too. Africans don dey use dem trade roads for many, many centuries, and because of dem, societies and kingdoms come grow well well. Europe pipo choose to trade mostly along de Atlantic coast because dem no get body strong to fight malaria, wey be sickness wey plenty for dat area. And also, dem "no fit rule pass where deir guns fit shoot, from ship or from fort (strong building)". De slave trade also make warlords (be like leaders for war) dey control African societies. Dem warlords want to trade with Europe pipo so dem fit get guns to scatter deir enemies and sell dem to Europe pipo.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-352</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-353</ref> De Europe pipo dema way of using money, wey dem bring am with de slave trade, e come replace cowrie shells, wey be de money Africans dey use before. According to research from de National Park Service: "Europe pipo dema trade goods come replace how Africans before dey depend on deir own local things, natural resources and products as de main way deir society dey do business. At de same time, Europe pipo dey ask for pipo more and more in exchange for trade goods. Once e reach dis stage, some African society no get much choice but to trade human lives for Europe pipo dema goods and guns; guns wey don become necessary to fight wars for more pipo to catch so dem fit trade for goods wey some African society don dey depend on now.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-354</ref> As de Europe pipo dema slave trade dey make plenty, plenty money, de demand for slaves just shoot up. This one affect African coastal societies for some ways: "Business with de world outside Africa change from going overland (through de bush) to going by sea. And coastal villages wey deir main work be fishing and making salt, dem come turn into ports and trading posts". De trans-Atlantic slave trade eventually bring about de colonization of Africa. Colonization in Africa still dey cause plenty problems as some of Africa dema old, old cultures dey disappear, plus traditional languages and African religions too. After dem stop de trans-Atlantic slave trade finish, Europe colonial powers just start to fight among themselves over Africa dema land and resources. De way dem develop de medicine for malaria, quinine, for 1820, e help Europe pipo to enter inside Africa and colonize even de interior parts.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-355</ref> By de end of de 19th century, Europe powers dem come say dem own 90 percent of land for Sub-Saharan Africa during wetin dem call de "Scramble for Africa".Inside dis invasion and de way dem come control de land, de seven Europe powers (wey be Britain, France, Germany, Belgium, Spain, Portugal, and Italy) dem remove African kingdoms from power. Dem create country borders wey no follow de tribe borders wey dey already for Africa. Dem force different different tribes to stay together and allow one colonial power to control them. This one cause some unnatural way of dividing pipo, and e be de foundation for de trouble wey start for African continent from de 20th century reach today.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-356</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-357</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-358</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-359</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-360</ref> De slave forts wey dem build along de Gold Coast for Ghana during de slave trade years, de British colonial administration get dem and dey use dem as deir main office enter de 20th century. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-361</ref>British forts for Ghana, dem comot from there after Ghana get deir freedom for 1957. Where dem put dem forts for de coast, e scatter African societies wey dey live and fish along de coast. British pipo wey come settle de land, dem use de forts to lock up African leaders wey dey organize pipo to fight against colonization. For 1900, Yaa Asantewaa (wey be Queen mother and war leader for de Ashanti people), dem lock her for Elmina Castle because she lead war against de British for de Golden Stool, wey be de Ashanti royal throne.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-362</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-363</ref> === Legacy of racism === Walter Rodney talk say:<blockquote>De way slavery help to push bad thinking and ideas about race, pipo don study am well well for some places, especially for USA. De simple truth be say, no pipo fit make another pipo slave for four hundred years and no come out with de idea say dem better pass. And when de color and other body features of those pipo be very different, e for happen say de bad thinking go take de form of racism.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-WalterRodney-325</ref></blockquote>Eric Williams talk say "Dem come give racism twist to something wey be mainly about money business. Slavery no come from racism: instead, na slavery bring racism.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams20214-364</ref> Similarly, John Darwin write say, "De way dem quick quick change from white pipo wey dey work as 'indentured labour' (be like dem sign agreement to work for some time) to black pipo as slaves... e make de English Caribbean some place where dem no too care about pipo. Over there, English (wey later turn to British) dema ideas about race and slave work, dem change am bad bad to fit deir own self-interest for de area... In fact, de main reason why dem dey justify de slave system and de wicked way dem dey force pipo to obey to keep am, be say de slave pipo dem be too wild and uncivilized, wey dem talk say e come from deir African origin.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-365</ref> Even though dem dey do slavery for old old times for different different cultures, e no get big effect for de whole world like de transatlantic slave trade and slavery for de Americas wey Europe pipo create. De transatlantic slave trade dema legacy (be like wetin e leave behind) be institutional racism on a worldwide level. Dis one cause pipo to suffer racial discrimination for schools and public places. On top of dat, dem dey teach scientific racism for schools and some colleges for United States and Europe for de 19th century and early 20th centuries. Dem use am as reason to make Africans slave.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-366</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-367</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-368</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-369</ref> De Canadian Museum for Human Rights explain say how Europe pipo dema slavery be different from de slavery wey Africans and Native Americans dey do. "Europeans bring different kind of slavery come North America, anyway. Plenty Europe pipo see slaves as just property to buy and sell. Dis 'chattel slavery' (be like pipo as property) be some wicked way dem dey abuse and control pipo, wey e no see dem as human. Importantly, Europe pipo see slavery with racism for mind. Indigenous pipo and African pipo, dem see dem as dem no reach human. Dis white supremacy (be like white pipo believe say dem be de best) justify de wickedness of slavery for hundreds of years." <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-370</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-371</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-372</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-373</ref>Another example from some article for The Wall Street Journal explain, "New World slavery be some system wey racism dey inside am. For dere, slaves be black and pipo wey get slaves be white. But for de Old World, pipo wey get slaves and de slaves dem be generally from de same race. Dem dey see de difference between slaves and pipo wey dem born free, no be by race, but by de language dem dey speak, deir culture and deir religion."<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-374</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-375</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-376</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-377</ref>Scientific racism and de history of making sub-Saharan Africans slave lead to anti-black racism wey pipo dey see for de whole world.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-378</ref> = End of the Atlantic slave trade = Pipo wey want make dem stop slavery (abolitionists), from Africa, Europe, and America dem all fight against de Atlantic slave trade.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-379</ref> Black pipo wey want make dem stop slavery, dem take serious approach pass de white pipo dema own. Dem dey encourage pipo to strike, dem dey make slaves rebel inside slave ships and for de plantations. Dem dey share papers wey pipo go sign, dem dey tell deir own stories about how slavery be bad, bad, and dem dey fight for freedom and equal rights for Black pipo for de African diaspora (be like black pipo wey scatter for de world).<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-380</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-381</ref> === African abolitionists === According to one sociologist wey dem dey call am José Lingna Nafafé, de first time people start dey fight against slavery and de Atlantic slave trade, e start for the 17th century among Africans wey dey under the Portuguese people demma rule. One royal man from Angola en Ndongo Kingdom, dem dey call am Lourenço da Silva de Mendouça, e campaign against the slave trade as e dey travel through Italy, Spain, and the Vatican for Rome inside. For 1684, Mendonça go petition the Vatican, Portugal, Italy, and Spain say make dem stop dey enslave Africans. E carry en case go give Pope Innocent XI, and e demand say make dem free Africans, the New Christians (wey be Jews wey turn Christians) and the American Indians. All this thing happen like hundred years before de abolitionist people like William Wilberforce and Thomas Buxton even show up.<ref name=":11">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-theconversation.com-382</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-383</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-384</ref> De people wey dey support slavery dey talk say Africans dey enslave demselfs, and dem use am as proof say African people demma nature no good. The common story wey people dey tell about how dem stop the Atlantic slave trade be say the European Christians get good character pass everybody, and say na dem save Africans from slavery. On top of dat, some Christian stories too talk say de slave trade no be bad thing, and e support the colonialism wey come after de British people say dem abolish slavery.<ref name=":11" /> Historian plus author Benedetta Rossi say some African societies make laws wey dem no want slave trade plus slavery before white people come. Rossi write say: "...the way African people wey no like slavery do things, ein be say ein come from their culture plus their normal ways wey vary from one society to another. Two, as individual, wetin people think plus do about slavery plus stopping am depend on their position for society: rich people wey get slaves, leaders for politics, leaders for church, plus people wey dem make dem slaves, dem all get different different things wey dem want plus different ways to do am, wey dem develop for the political plus economic situation for their time." African leaders wey pass anti-slavery laws, dem only stop some kind of slavery. African nations wey no want slave trade do am for different different reasons including cultural, religious, political, plus money matters.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-387</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-388</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-389</ref> Plus dat one too, African people wey no gree say dem go make dem slaves for de slave ships plus de different different wahala for America make dem start to talk about say dem for stop de slave trade and slavery.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-390</ref> Olaudah Equiano wey be like say ein be freedom fighter, ein be former slave wey dem thief am from Nigeria wey we dey see now, plus ein write ein own story about ein life wey dem publish for 1789. Dat book talk about de bad bad things about slavery, plus ein go teach people for Britain say dem for stop de Atlantic slave trade plus de kind of slavery wey dem dey buy and sell people like property. For 1788, Equiano join de House of Commons demma discussion about slavery plus say dem for stop de slave trade, ein write letters give de government, plus ein talk to de people for parliament.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-391</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-392</ref> Author plus historian Bronwen Everill say de British dem no be de first to stop de slave trade, and African leaders for Sierra Leone get hand for ending de transatlantic slave trade. Black Britons wey dem free dem before go start Sierra Leone for West Africa for 1787, for land wey de Temne people dey stay. As de years dey go, Black Loyalists from North America come move go de colony. De Temne, Susu, plus de freedmen dem no like de slave trade. De Sierra Leone Company for London dey manage de colony, and de Africans plus de freedmen dem want to do business with de Sierra Leone Company without selling people. Sierra Leone ein story show say de British navy depend on African people wey no like de slave trade to fit stop am. Britain go take control of de Sierra Leone colony from de Sierra Leone Company, dem go set up court plus navy patrol to fight de slave trade by catching ships.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-393</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-394</ref> === American den European abolitionists === For Britain, America, Portugal, plus some parts of Europe, people start to vex against de slave trade. David Brion Davis talk say de people wey want make dem stop slavery assume say if dem stop to bring slaves in, ein go automatically make things better plus gradually stop slavery finish.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-395</ref> For Britain plus America, de Quakers, Thomas Clarkson, plus some church leaders like William Wilberforce inside Parliament, dem be de main people wey dey lead de fight against de trade. Plenty people join de movement plus dem start to protest against de trade, but de people wey get de colonies dem no gree.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-396</ref> After Lord Mansfield ein decision for 1772, plenty abolitionists plus slave-owners believe say if slaves enter de British Isles,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTELovejoy2000290-397</ref> dem go be free. But de truth be say, small small cases of slavery still dey happen for Britain even till dem stop am for de 1830s. De Mansfield ruling on Somerset v Stewart only talk say dem no fit carry slave comot England against ein will.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchama200661-398</ref> Under Thomas Jefferson ein leadership, de new U.S. state of Virginia for 1778 go be de first state wey get slaves plus ein be one of de first places anywhere to stop de bringing in of new slaves for sale; ein make ein be crime for traders to bring in slaves from outside de state or from overseas for sale; people wey come from inside de United States dem allow dem to bring their own slaves. De new law go free all de slaves wey dem bring in illegally after dem pass am plus dem go give heavy fines to de people wey break de law.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-399</ref> <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-400</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-401</ref>All de other states inside de United States follow de same thing, even though South Carolina reopen ein slave trade for 1803.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-402</ref> Denmark, wey ein don dey do plenty for de slave trade, ein be de first country to stop de trade through law for 1792, wey start to work for 1803.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-403</ref> Britain stop de slave trade for 1807, dem put heavy heavy fine for any slave wey dem find for British ship (go check Slave Trade Act 1807). De Royal Navy go move to stop other nations from continuing de slave trade and dem talk say making people slaves be like piracy and de punishment be death. De United States Congress pass de Slave Trade Act of 1794, wey no allow dem to build or prepare ships for de U.S. to use for de slave trade. De U.S. Constitution (Article I, section 9, clause 1) no allow federal government to ban importing slaves for 20 years; for dat time de Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves stop imports for de first day de Constitution allow: January 1, 1808. People for general think say de transatlantic slave trade end for 1867, but later dem find proof of voyages till 1873.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-alberge-25</ref> === British abolitionism === Quakers dem start to fight against de British Empire ein slave trade for de 1780s, and from 1789 William Wilberforce ein be de strong man for de British Parliament for de fight against de trade. De people wey want stop slavery talk say de trade no be necessary for de sugar business to go well for de British West Indian colonies. De politicians wey dem dey think two ways, dem gree for dis argument, because dem no want destroy de sugar colonies for de British Caribbean wey dem be important and get plenty value. Parliament still dey worry about how de Haitian Revolution go, and dem believe say dem for stop de trade to prevent de same kind of big wahala from happening for a British Caribbean colony.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-404</ref> For 22 February 1807, de House of Commons pass one motion by 283 votes to 16 to stop de Atlantic slave trade. So, dem stop de slave trade, but dem no stop de slavery itself, wey still dey make money dat time, and ein be de thing wey Britain dey import pass, dat be sugar. De people wey want stop slavery dem no do anything against sugar and slavery itself until after de sugar business start to spoil finish for 1823.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2021105%E2%80%93106,_120%E2%80%93122-405</ref> De United States dem pass their own Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves de next week (March 2, 1807), even though probably dem no talk to each other. De law only start to work for de first day of 1808; because one compromise clause for de US Constitution (Article 1, Section 9, Clause 1) no allow federal government, but allow state government, to restrict de slave trade before 1808. But de United States, dem no stop their internal slave trade, wey go be de main way dem dey trade slaves for US until de 1860s.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-406</ref> For 1805 de British Order-in-Council don stop de bringing in of slaves into colonies wey dem capture from France and de Netherlands. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTELovejoy2000290-397</ref>Britain still dey force other nations to end their trade; for 1810 one Anglo-Portuguese treaty dem sign, wey Portugal gree to restrict their trade into their colonies; one 1813 Anglo-Swedish treaty wey Sweden make their slave trade illegal; de Treaty of Paris 1814 wey France gree with Britain say de trade be "bad for de principles of natural justice" and gree to stop de slave trade for five years; de 1814 Anglo-Dutch treaty wey de Dutch make their slave trade illegal.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-FOOTNOTELovejoy2000290-397</ref> === Castlereagh den Palmerston's diplomacy === Abolitionist opinion for Britain be strong enough for 1807 to stop de slave trade for all British lands dem get, even though slavery itself still dey for de colonies until 1833. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-407</ref>After 1807, de people wey want stop slavery focus on international agreements to stop de slave trade. Foreign Minister Castlereagh change ein mind and become strong supporter of de movement. Britain arrange treaties with Portugal, Sweden, and Denmark for de time between 1810 and 1814, wey dem all gree to end or reduce their trading. These be like preparation for de Congress of Vienna talks wey Castlereagh control, and wey dem come out with one general statement condemning de slave trade.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-408</ref> De problem be say de treaties plus de declarations demma enforcement be hard, because de private people dem dey make plenty money. As Foreign Minister, Castlereagh cooperate with de senior officials to use de Royal Navy to find and catch slave ships. Ein use diplomacy to make search-and-seize agreements with all de governments wey their ships dey trade. Plenty wahala dey with de United States, where de Southern slave people demma power for politics be strong. Washington no like how de British dem dey police de high seas. Spain, France and Portugal still depend on de international slave trade to give slaves to their colonial farms. As Castlereagh dey make more and more diplomatic arrangements, de people wey get slave ships start to fly false flags of nations wey dem no gree, especially de United States. Ein no good under American law for American ships to do slave trade, but de idea of Britain enforcing American laws no be something Washington go gree for. Lord Palmerston plus other British foreign ministers continue de Castlereagh ein policies. Later, for 1842 for 1845, London and Washington reach agreement. As de anti-slavery government wey dem no like slavery at all come for Washington for 1861, de Atlantic slave trade ein end come. For de long run, Castlereagh ein plan on how to stop de slave trade prove say ein work.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-409</ref> Prime Minister Palmerston, ein no like slavery at all. So for Nigeria for 1851, ein take advantage of how de local politics dey divided, de Christian missionaries demma presence, plus de British consul John Beecroft ein smart moves to make dem overthrow King Kosoko. De new King Akitoye, ein be like say ein be puppet wey ein dey gree for everything and ein no dey do slave trade.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-410</ref> === British Royal Navy === De Royal Navy ein West Africa Squadron, wey dem start for 1808, ein grow by 1850 reach like 25 ships, wey dem give dem work to fight slavery along de African coast.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-411</ref> Between 1807 and 1860, de Royal Navy ein Squadron catch around 1,600 ships wey dey do slave trade and dem free 150,000 Africans wey dey inside these ships.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-412</ref> Some hundreds of slaves every year dem carry them go de British colony of Sierra Leone by de navy, where dem make dem serve as "apprentices" for de colonial economy until de Slavery Abolition Act 1833.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-413</ref> === Last slave ship to the United States === Even though dem say no, because de North no want or no gree to enforce de Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, de Atlantic slave trade dem "re-open am ... as a way to vex dem". <ref name=":12">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-bugle-415</ref>For 1859, "de trade in slaves from Africa to de Southern coast of de United States dey happen now, wey dem no fear de Federal law and de Federal Government.<ref name=":12" /> De last slave ship wey dem know say ein land for U.S. soil be de '''Clotilda'''. For 1859, dem illegally smuggle some Africans go Mobile, Alabama inside that ship.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-416</ref> De Africans wey dey inside dem sell dem as slaves; but slavery for de U.S. dem stop am five years after, when de American Civil War end for 1865. Dem long long time believe say Cudjoe Lewis, wey die for 1935, be de last person wey survive from Clotilda and de last slave wey dem bring from Africa go de United States. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-417</ref>But new research don find out say two other people wey survive from Clotilda outlive am. Dem be Redoshi, wey die for 1937, and Matilda McCrear, wey die for 1940.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-Durkin-2019-418</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-419</ref> But, according to Senator Stephen Douglas, de man wey Lincoln fight for de Lincoln–Douglas debates, ein say:<blockquote>For de matter of de slave trade, Mr. Douglas talk say ein no get any doubt at all say dem don dey do am plenty plenty for long time now. And ein say more slaves dem don bring enter de Southern States last year [1858] pass any other year before, even when de slave trade be legal. Ein believe for true say over 15,000 slaves dem bring enter dis country last year. Ein see with ein own eye, three hundred of these new new slaves, wey dem be miserable, inside one slave-pen for Vicksburg, Mississippi, and plenty plenty too for Memphis, Tennessee.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-420</ref></blockquote>Abraham Lincoln face big big wahala for constitution matter for ein fight to stop slavery, as de U.S. Constitution don give some kind protection for slavery. Even with all these challenges, Lincoln ein leadership and how dem create strong federal government make am possible for dem to finally stop slavery through de Emancipation Proclamation and de passing of de 13th Amendment.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-421</ref> === Brazil ends the Atlantic slave trade === De last country to stop de Atlantic slave trade be Brazil; one first law dem gree for 1831, but dem only enforce am for 1850 through de new Eusébio de Queirós Law. Even though dem say no, ein take another three years for de trade to truly stop. Between de first law for 1831 and de actual stopping of transatlantic trade for 1850,<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-422</ref> dem believe say around 500,000 Africans dem make dem slaves and illegally carry dem go Brazil. And until 1856, de year wey dem last record say Brazilian authorities catch slave ship, around 38,000 Africans still enter de country as slaves.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-423</ref> Historians João José Reis, Sidney Chalhoub, Robert W. Slenes, and Flávio dos Santos Gomes talk say one other reason why dem stop de Atlantic slave trade to Brazil be de '''Malê Revolt''' for 1835. For January 25, 1835, around 600 Africans, some be free and some be slaves, wey get guns, dem run through de streets of Salvador dey kill white people and slave owners. De people wey want stop slavery talk say if de slave trade and slavery continue, de slave resistance movements go increase, wey go make more deaths happen. Seventy-three percent of de Africans for de Malê revolt be Yoruba men wey dem turn to Islam; some white Brazilians believe say dem get spirit of resistance against slavery.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-424</ref> === Economic motivation to end the slave trade === Historian Walter Rodney talk say ein be because de triangular trade no dey make plenty money again, wey make am possible for some basic human feelings to come out for de people dem wey dey make decisions for some European countries. Britain be de most important because dem carry de most African captives across de Atlantic. Rodney talk say changes for how dem dey produce things, de technology dem dey use, and how dem dey exchange things for Europe and de Americas inform de British demma decision to end their part for de trade for 1807.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-WalterRodney-325</ref> But still, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri talk say ein no be just about money or say ein be about right and wrong. First, because slavery still dey help capitalism (in practice), ein no just bring money but ein still teach workers how to suffer and obey (like say dem dey "train" dem for de capitalist factory). De new new talk about "moral shift" (wey de previous parts of dis writing dey base on) Hardt and Negri say ein be like one "ideological" way to remove de feeling of guilt for Western society. Even though moral arguments play small small role, dem usually get big impact when dem use am to reduce demma competitors profits. Dis argument say Eurocentric history no dey see de most important thing for dis fight for freedom, wey be de constant rebellion and de fight from de slaves demma revolts. De most important of those be de Haitian Revolution.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-425</ref> De shock of dis 1804 revolution bring one important political argument come inside de matter of ending de slave trade. Dis be because slaveholders for North America fear say de same kind of thing fit happen for de United States, where de enslaved people for de Southern states fit free demma self through armed resistance and free all de enslaved people. De way de enslaved and free black people for Haiti succeed for freeing demma self through revolt make plenty white people for North America fear. St. George Tucker, one Virginian judge, talk dis about de Haitian Revolution: "ein reach to make person shudder for fear of de same kind of bad things for dis country." Some white Americans and white people for de Caribbean suggest say dem for end de slave trade and slavery to stop any uprising like de one for Haiti.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-426</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-427</ref> One Jamaican planter, Bryan Edwards, observe de Haitian revolution and argue say de enslaved people wey revolt be new slaves wey dem just bring them from Africa. Edwards and other planters believe say de slave revolts for de Caribbean be these new slaves wey instigate them, and some abolitionists suggest say dem for end de slave trade to prevent more slave insurrections. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-428</ref>For Charleston, South Carolina, for 1822, Denmark Vesey and Gullah Jack plan one slave insurrection wey de Haitian Revolution inspire them.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-429</ref> De Haitian Revolution affect France ein colonial economy. Saint Domingue (Haiti) be France ein richest colony and de number one for de whole world for producing sugar and coffee. Ein still be top top for cacao and indigo. Na slave work make Saint Domingue de richest colony for de world and ein provide two-thirds of France ein trade from overseas. Because of Saint Domingue ein wealth, dem give am de nickname "Pearl of de Antilles." After de free people and de enslaved people for Haiti get their freedom from France, France and de French slaveholders dem want money from Haiti. Dem ask for '''1'''50 million francs to compensate for de wealth wey dem lose. Dem call am "Independence Debt" because France lose ein richest colony when Haiti get ein independence.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-430</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-431</ref> Haitians beat de French, British, and Spanish for de revolution. Before de revolution, de United States be big trade partner with Saint Domingue. After de revolution, de United States no gree to recognise Haiti as independent Black nation. <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-432</ref>Haiti no be de main exporter of sugar again after de revolution. Cuba become de main place wey dey supply sugar to foreign nations, and Louisiana become de center for sugar production for de United States. Slave revolts affect de economy of de slave trade as slaveholders lose their property for enslaved people through death, people running away, and a decrease for de production of cash crops. Dis one make dem shift trade go other nations.<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-433</ref><ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-434</ref> But, James Stephen and Henry Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and Vaux, dem two write say dem fit stop de slave trade for de British colonies demma good. And de pamphlet wey de second person write, dem often use am for parliamentary talks to support stopping de trade. William Pitt de Younger argue, based on these writings, say de British colonies go dey better, for their money matter and for their security too, if dem stop de trade. So, according to historian Christer Petley, de people wey want stop slavery argue, and even some plantation owners wey no dey their farms accept, say dem fit stop de trade "without plenty damage to de plantation economy." William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, argue say "de slave population for de colonies fit still dey without am." Petley point out say de government take de decision to stop de trade "with de clear intention to make better, no be to destroy, de plantation economy for de British West Indies wey still dey make money."<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade#cite_note-435</ref> == References == <references /> === General bibliography === ==== Academic books ==== * {{cite book|last=Austen|first=Ralph|title=African Economic History: Internal Development and External Dependency|publisher=James Currey|year=1987|isbn=978-0-85255-009-0|location=London}} * {{cite book|last=Christopher|first=Emma|title=Slave Ship Sailors and Their Captive Cargoes, 1730–1807|url=https://archive.org/details/slaveshipsailors0000chri|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2006|isbn=0-521-67966-4|location=Cambridge}} * {{cite book|last1=Hair|first1=Paul|title=Oxford History of the British Empire volume 1: The Origins of Empire. British Overseas Enterprise to the Close of the Seventeenth century|last2=Law|first2=Robin|date=1998|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-164734-5|editor=Nicholas Canny|location=Oxford|pages=241–263|chapter=The English in western Africa to 1700}} * {{cite book|last=Lovejoy|first=Paul E.|title=Transformations in Slavery - A History of Slavery in Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/transformationsi0000love|date=1983|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=0-521-78430-1|series=African Studies|number=36}} * {{cite book|last=Lovejoy|first=Paul E.|title=Transformations in Slavery: a history of slavery in Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/transformationsi0000love|date=2000|publisher=Cambridge University Press}} * {{cite book|last=Rodney|first=Walter|title=How Europe Underdeveloped Africa|publisher=Bogle L'Ouverture|year=1972|isbn=978-0-9501546-4-0|location=London|author-link=}} * {{cite book|last1=Schama|first1=Simon|title=Rough Crossings: Britain, the Slaves and the American Revolution|url=https://archive.org/details/roughcrossingsbr00scha|title-link=|publisher=HarperCollins|year=2006|isbn=978-0-06-053916-0|author1-link=}} * {{cite book|last1=Sparks|first1=Randy J.|title=Where the Negroes are masters: an African port in the era of the slave trade|url=https://archive.org/details/wherenegroesarem0000spar|date=2014|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-72487-7|location=Cambridge, Massachusetts}} * {{cite book|last=Thornton|first=John|title=Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1400–1800|url=https://archive.org/details/africaafricansin0000thor|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0-521-62217-2|edition=2nd|location=New York|author-link=}} * {{cite book|last=Williams|first=Eric|title=Capitalism and Slavery|publisher=University of North Carolina Press|year=2021|isbn=978-1-4696-6369-2|edition=Third|location=Chapel Hill|author-link=|orig-date=1944}} ==== Academic articles ==== * {{cite journal |last1=Borucki |first1=Alex |last2=Eltis |first2=David |last3=Wheat |first3=David |date=1 April 2015 |title=Atlantic History and the slave Trade to Spanish America |url=https://www.institutomora.edu.mx/Documentos_RHITMO/Atlantic-History-and-the-Slave-Trade-to-Spanish-America.pdf |journal=The American Historical Review |volume=120 |issue=2 |pages=433–461 |doi=10.1093/ahr/120.2.433 |issn=1937-5239 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619035246/https://www.institutomora.edu.mx/Documentos_RHITMO/Atlantic-History-and-the-Slave-Trade-to-Spanish-America.pdf |archive-date=19 June 2024 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last=Handley |first=Fiona J. L. |year=2006 |title=Back to Africa: Issues of hosting 'Roots' tourism in West Africa |journal=African Re-Genesis: Confronting Social Issues in the Diaspora |location=London |publisher=University College London Press |pages=20–31}} * {{cite journal |last=Osei-Tutu, Brempong |year=2006 |title=Contested Monuments: African-Americans and the commoditization of Ghana's slave castles |journal=African Re-Genesis: Confronting Social Issues in the Diaspora |location=London: UCL Press |pages=9–19 |ref=Ose06}} ==== Non-academic sources ==== * {{cite book|last1=Meredith|first1=Martin|title=The Fortunes of Africa|date=2014|publisher=PublicAffairs|isbn=978-1-61039-635-6|location=New York|author-link=}} ==Read further== * {{Cite book |last=Anstey |first=Roger |title=The Atlantic Slave Trade and British Abolition, 1760–1810 |publisher=Macmillan |year=1975 |isbn=0-333-14846-0 |location=London}} * {{Cite book |last=Araujo |first=Ana Lucia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kymzngEACAAJ |title=Public Memory of Slavery: Victims and Perpetrators in the South Atlantic |publisher=Cambria Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-60497-714-1}} * {{Cite book |last=Bailey |first=Anne |title=African Voices of the Atlantic Slave Trade: Beyond the Silence and the Shame |url=https://archive.org/details/africanvoicesofa0000bail |publisher=Beacon Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-8070-5513-7 |location=Boston}} * {{Cite book |last=Blackburn |first=Robin |author-link= |title=The American Crucible: Slavery, Emancipation and Human Rights |url=https://archive.org/details/americancrucible0000blac |publisher=Verso Books |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-84467-569-2 |location=London & New York}} * {{Cite journal |last1=Boruki |first1=David Eltis |last2=Wheat |first2=David |date=April 2015 |title=Atlantic History and the Slave Trade to Spanish America |journal=American Historical Review |volume=120 |issue=2}} * {{Cite book |last=Clarke |first=John Henrik |author-link= |title=Christopher Columbus and the Afrikan Holocaust: Slavery and the Rise of European Capitalism |publisher=A & B Books |year=1992 |isbn=1-881316-14-9 |location=Brooklyn, NY}} * {{Cite book|last=Curtin|first=Philip D.|url=https://archive.org/details/atlanticslavetra0000curt|title=The Atlantic Slave Trade|date=1969|publisher=University of Wisconsin Press|isbn=978-0-299-05400-7|location=Madison|oclc=46413|url-access=registration}} * {{Cite journal |last=Daudin |first=Guillaume |date=2004 |title=Profitability of Slave and Long-Distance Trading in Context: The Case of Eighteenth-Century France |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809134718/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8fbd/65cbaf8c100207702a7442256ece292d43bd.pdf |journal=The Journal of Economic History |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=144–171 |doi=10.1017/S0022050704002633 |issn=1471-6372 |s2cid=154025254 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809134718/https://web.archive.org/web/20200809134718/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8fbd/65cbaf8c100207702a7442256ece292d43bd.pdf |archive-date=9 August 2020}} * {{Cite book|last=Domingues da Silva|first=Daniel B.|title=The Atlantic Slave Trade from West Central Africa, 1780–1867|url=https://archive.org/details/atlanticslavetra0000domi|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2017|isbn=978-1-107-17626-3|location=Cambridge}} * {{Cite book|last=Drescher|first=Seymour|title=From Slavery to Freedom: Comparative Studies in the Rise and Fall of Atlantic Slavery|url=https://archive.org/details/fromslaverytofre0000seym|date=1999|publisher=New York University Press|isbn=0-333-73748-2|location=New York|oclc=39897280}} * {{Cite journal |last=Eltis |first=David |year=2001 |title=The volume and structure of the transatlantic slave trade: a reassessment |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_william-and-mary-quarterly_2001-01_58_1/page/n18 |journal=William and Mary Quarterly |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=17–46 |doi=10.2307/2674417 |jstor=2674417 |pmid=18630381}} * {{Cite book|last=Eltis|first=David|title=The Rise of African Slavery in the Americas|url=https://archive.org/details/riseofafricansla0000elti|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2000|isbn=9780521652315|location=New York}} * {{Cite book|title=Extending the Frontiers: Essays on the New Transatlantic Slave Trade Database|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2008|isbn=9780300134360|editor-last=Eltis|editor-first=David|location=New Haven|editor-last2=Richardson|editor-first2=David}} * {{Cite book|last=Emmer|first=Pieter C.|title=The Dutch in the Atlantic Economy, 1580–1880. Trade, Slavery and Emancipation|publisher=Variorum|year=1998|isbn=9780860786979|series=Variorum Collected Studies Series|volume=CS614|location=Aldershot}} * {{Cite book|last=French|first=Howard|title=Born in Blackness: Africa, Africans, and the Making of the Modern World, 1471 to the Second World War|url=https://archive.org/details/borninblacknessa0000howa|publisher=Liveright Publishing|year=2021|isbn=978-1-63149-582-3|location=New York|oclc=1268921040}} * {{Cite book|last=Green|first=Toby|title=The Rise of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade in Western Africa, 1300–1589|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2012|isbn=9781107014367|location=New York}} * {{Cite book|last=Guasco|first=Michael|title=Slaves and Englishmen: Human Bondage in the Early Modern Atlantic|url=https://archive.org/details/slavesenglishmen0000guas|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|year=2014|isbn=9780812245783|location=Philadelphia}} * {{Cite book|last=Hall|first=Gwendolyn Midlo|title=Slavery and African Ethnicities in the Americas: Restoring the Links|url=https://archive.org/details/slaveryafricanet0000hall|publisher=University of North Carolina Press|year=2006|isbn=0-8078-2973-0|location=Chapel Hill, NC|author-link=}} * {{Cite book|last1=Heywood|first1=Linda|title=Central Africans, Atlantic Creoles, and the Foundation of the Americas, 1585–1660|url=https://archive.org/details/centralafricansa0000heyw|last2=Thornton|first2=John K.|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2007|location=New York}} * {{Cite book|last=Horne|first=Gerald|title=The Deepest South: The United States, Brazil, and the African Slave Trade|url=https://archive.org/details/deepestsouthunit0000horn|publisher=New York University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0-8147-3688-3|location=New York}} * {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=abvkqNGSTZ0C|title=The Atlantic Slave Trade: Effects on Economies, Societies and Peoples in Africa, the Americas, and Europe|publisher=Duke University Press|year=1992|isbn=0-8223-8237-7|editor-last=Inikori|editor-first=Joseph E.|editor-last2=Engerman|editor-first2=Stanley L.}} * {{Cite journal |last1=Jensen |first1=Niklas Thode |last2=Simonsen |first2=Gunvor |year=2016 |title=Introduction: The historiography of slavery in the Danish-Norwegian West Indies, c. 1950–2016 |journal=Scandinavian Journal of History |volume=41 |issue=4–5 |pages=475–494 |doi=10.1080/03468755.2016.1210880 |doi-access=free}} * {{Cite journal |last=Landers |first=Jane |date=1984 |title=Spanish Sanctuary: Fugitives in Florida, 1687–1790 |journal=Florida Historical Quarterly |volume=62 |issue=3 |pages=296–313 |jstor=30146288}} * {{Cite book|last=Lindsay|first=Lisa A.|title=Captives as Commodities: The Transatlantic Slave Trade|url=https://archive.org/details/captivesascommod0000lind|publisher=Prentice Hall|year=2008|isbn=978-0-13-194215-8}} * {{Cite book|last=McMillin|first=James A.|title=The Final Victims: Foreign Slave Trade to North America, 1783–1810|date=2004|publisher=University of South Carolina Press|isbn=978-1-57003-546-3}} {{endash}} Includes database on CD-ROM. * {{Cite book|last=Meltzer|first=Milton|title=Slavery: A World History|url=https://archive.org/details/slaveryworldhist0000melt|publisher=Da Capo Press|year=1993|isbn=0-306-80536-7|location=New York}} * {{Cite book|last=Miller|first=Christopher L.|title=The French Atlantic Triangle: Literature and Culture of the Slave Trade|publisher=Duke University Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-8223-4127-7|location=Durham, NC}} * {{Cite book|last1=Nimako|first1=Kwame|title=The Dutch Atlantic: Slavery, Abolition and Emancipation|url=https://archive.org/details/dutchatlanticsla0000nima|last2=Willemsen|first2=Glenn|publisher=Pluto Press|year=2011|isbn=978-0-7453-3108-9|location=London}} * {{Cite book|last1=Newson|first1=Linda|title=From Capture to Sale: The Portuguese Slave Trade to Spanish South America in the Early Seventeenth Century|url=https://archive.org/details/fromcapturetosal0000news|last2=Minchin|first2=Susie|publisher=Brill|year=2007|isbn=9789004156791|location=Leiden}} * {{Cite book|title=The Atlantic Slave Trade|url=https://archive.org/details/atlanticslavetra0000unse|publisher=Wadsworth Cengage|year=2010|isbn=978-0-618-64356-1|editor-last=Northrup|editor-first=David|location=Independence, KY}} * {{Cite book|last1=Rawley|first1=James A.|title=The Transatlantic Slave Trade: A History|last2=Behrendt|first2=Stephen D.|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|year=2005|isbn=9780803239616|edition=Rev.}} * {{Cite book|last=Rediker|first=Marcus|title=The Slave Ship: A Human History|url=https://archive.org/details/slaveshiphumanhi0000redi|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2008|isbn=978-0-14-311425-3|location=New York}} * {{Cite book|last=Rodney|first=Walter|title=How Europe Underdeveloped Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/howeuropeunderde00rodn|publisher=Howard University Press|year=1981|isbn=0-88258-096-5|edition=Revised|location=Washington, DC}} * {{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Emancipation and Abolition in the Transatlantic World|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofem0000unse_b7y2|publisher=M. E. Sharpe|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7656-1257-1|editor-last=Rodriguez|editor-first=Junius P.|location=Armonk, NY}} * {{Cite book|last=Smallwood|first=Stephanie E.|title=Saltwater Slavery: A Middle Passage from Africa to American Diaspora|url=https://archive.org/details/saltwaterslavery00smal_0|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-674-03068-8|location=Cambridge, MA}} * {{Cite journal |last=Schultz |first=Kara |year=2015 |title=The Kingdom of Angola is not very far from here: The South Atlantic Slave Port of Buenos Aires, 1585–1640 |journal=Slavery & Abolition |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=424–444 |doi=10.1080/0144039X.2015.1067397}} * {{Cite book|title=Slavery and the Rise of the Atlantic System|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780521400909|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1991|isbn=0-521-40090-2|editor-last=Solow|editor-first=Barbara|location=Cambridge}} * {{Cite book |last=Thomas |first=Hugh |title=The Slave Trade: The History of the Atlantic Slave Trade 1440–1870 |url=https://archive.org/details/slavetradehistor0000thom |publisher=Picador |year=1997 |isbn=0-330-35437-X |location=London}} * {{Cite book |last=Wheat |first=David |title=Atlantic Africa and the Spanish Caribbean, 1570–1640 |publisher=University of North Carolina Press |year=2016 |isbn=9781469623412 |location=Chapel Hill}} * {{Cite journal |last=Wheat |first=David |date=March 2011 |title=The First Great Waves: African Provenance Zones for the Transatlantic Slave Trade to Cartagena de Indias |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-african-history_2011_52_1/page/1 |journal=Journal of African History |volume=52 |issue=1 |pages=1–22 |doi=10.1017/S0021853711000119 |jstor=23017646}} * {{Cite web |last=Poulter |first=Emma |title=Slave-grown cotton in Greater Manchester museums |url=http://www.revealinghistories.org.uk/how-did-money-from-slavery-help-develop-greater-manchester/articles/slave-grown-cotton-in-greater-manchester-museums.html |website=Revealing Histories, Remembering Slavery}} * {{Cite web |title=Afro Atlantic Histories resource |url=https://www.nga.gov/learn/teachers/lessons-activities/afro-atlantic-histories.html |website=National Gallery of Art |location=Washington, DC}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q105993844|c=Category:Atlantic slave trade|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=Atlantic slave trade|m=no|mw=no|s=On the Horrors of the Slave Trade|wikt=no|species=no}} <!--===========================({{NoMoreLinks}})===============================--> <!--| DO NOT ADD MORE LINKS TO THIS ARTICLE. 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If you think that your link might be useful, do not add it here, |--> <!--| but put it on this article's discussion page first or submit your link |--> <!--| to the appropriate category at the Open Directory Project (www.dmoz.org)|--> <!--| and link back to that category using the {{dmoz}} template. |--> <!--| |--> <!--| Links that have not been verified WILL BE DELETED. |--> <!--| See [[Wikipedia:External links]] and [[Wikipedia:Spam]] for details |--> <!--===========================({{NoMoreLinks}})===============================--> * [http://digitalscholarship.emory.edu/projects/featured/voyages-slave-trade.html Voyages: The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database] [https://web.archive.org/web/20190705223316/http://digitalscholarship.emory.edu/projects/featured/voyages-slave-trade.html Archived] 2019-07-05 at the Wayback Machine * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6445941.stm Quick guide: The slave trade]&nbsp;– BBC News * [http://www.blackhistory4schools.com/slavetrade/ Slave Trade and Abolition of slavery]&nbsp;– Teaching resources at Black History 4 Schools * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100612112047/http://fax.libs.uga.edu/HT857xA1/stamenu.html British documents on slave holding and the slave trade, 1788–1793] {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Atlantic Slave Trade}} [[Category:Atlantic slave trade| ]] [[Category:1525 establishments]] [[Category:1870 disestablishments]] [[Category:African slave trade]] [[Category:Black British history]] [[Category:Early modern period]] [[Category:European colonisation of Africa]] [[Category:European colonization of de Americas]] [[Category:Forced migration]] [[Category:Genocides insyd North America]] [[Category:Genocides insyd South America]] [[Category:History of English colonialism]] [[Category:History of sugar]] [[Category:History of de Atlantic Ocean|Slave trade]] [[Category:Slavery insyd de Caribbean]] [[Category:Slavery insyd North America]] [[Category:Slavery insyd South America]] [[Category:Slavery insyd de British Empire]] [[Category:Trade routes]] [[Category:Death marches]] [[Category:Genocide of indigenous peoples insyd Africa]] n4dzpgawvjswt1jshikllgcmlhanko4 0 15665 112477 108700 2026-09-25T00:46:03Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112477 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Dutch Gold Coast''' anaa '''Dutch Guinea''', officially '''Dutch possessions on the Coast of Guinea''' (Dutch: ''Nederlandse Bezittingen ter Kuste van Guinea'') na e be a portion of contemporary [[Ghana]] wey na e be gradually colonized by de Dutch, wey dey begin insyd 1612. Na de Dutch begin dey trade insyd de area around 1598, wey dem join de Portuguese wich na e get a trading post der since de late 1400s. Eventually, na de Dutch Gold Coast cam be de most important Dutch colony insyd [[West Africa]] after dem capture Fort Elmina from de Portuguese insyd 1637, buh e fall into disarray after de abolition of de slave trade insyd de early 19th century. For 6 April 1872, na de Dutch Gold Coast be, in accordance plus de Anglo-Dutch Treaties of 1870–71, dem cede to de [[United Kingdom]].<ref>[[:en:Dutch_Gold_Coast#CITEREFAdhin1961|Adhin 1961]], p. 6</ref> == History == === De Dutch settle for de Gold Coast === [[File:Johannes-vingboons-11-kasteel-elmina-en-fort-nassau-ghana.jpg|left|thumb|Painting by Johannes Vingboons of both Fort São Jorge for Elmina den Fort Nassau for Moree]] Na de Portuguese be de first Europeans make dem arrive insyd contemporary [[Ghana]]. By 1471, na dem reach de area wey na e go be cam known as de Gold Coast secof na e be an important source of gold. Na de Portuguese trading interests insyd gold, ivory den pepper so dem increase dat insyd 1482 de Portuguese build dema first permanent trading post for de western coast of present-day Ghana. Dis fortress, a trade castle dem call São Jorge da Mina, na dem construct am make e protect Portuguese trade from European competitors.<ref name="eec">McLaughlin & Owusu-Ansah (1994), "Early European Contact and the Slave Trade".</ref> De Portuguese position for de Gold Coast, dem know as [[Portuguese Gold Coast]], remain secure for over a century. During dat time, na Lisbon seek make e monopolize all trade insyd de region insyd royal hands, though officials dem appoint for São Jorge, wey dem use force make dem prevent English, French den Dutch efforts make dem trade for de coast. After Barent Eriksz successfully sail to de Gold Coast insyd 1591, na Dutch merchants begin dey trade insyd de area. Na Pieter de Marees ein publications greatly increase de interest of merchants insyd de region.<ref name="Delepeleire 2004">[[:en:Dutch_Gold_Coast#CITEREFDelepeleire2004|Delepeleire 2004]], section 1.a.1.</ref> [[File:ElMina_AtlasBlaeuvanderHem.jpg|right|thumb|Elmina Castle insyd de Blaeu-Van der Hem Atlas]] Na de Twelve Years' Truce between Portugal-Spain den de Dutch Republic, wich last from 1609 to 1621, disrupt Dutch trade on de Gold Coast, as de Portuguese now get sufficient resources make dem protect dema trade monopoly. Na Dutch traders then petition de States-General of de Dutch Republic make dem build a fort for de coast. Na de States-General be receptive of dema demands, wey he send Jacob Clantius, wey he cam turn de first General for de Coast, to de Gold Coast insyd 1611. Insyd 1612, after dem gain permission of de local rulers thru de Treaty of Asebu, na he build Fort Nassau near Moree, for de site of an original Dutch trading post wey na e be burned down by de Portuguese. After de Twelve Years's Truce end insyd 1621, na dem establish de Dutch West India Company, wich triy make e seize de Portuguese colonies insyd Africa den America as part of de ''Groot Desseyn'' plan. After [[Battle of Elmina (1625)|failing insyd 1625]], de company manage make e capture Elmina Castle from de Portuguese insyd 1637. Na Fort San Sebastian for Shama den Fort Santo Antonio for Axim follow insyd 1640 den 1642 respectively. === Competition plus oda European powers === [[File:DeRuijter-Goudkust.jpg|right|thumb|Map of de Gold Coast wey be ordered by Admiral Michiel de Ruyter insyd 1666, during de Second Anglo-Dutch War]] Na dem give de Dutch West India Company de monopoly on trade insyd de West Indies, wey dey include de Gold Coast, insyd 1621. Na mismanagement mean say chaw disillusioned employees of de Dutch West India Company lef de company make dem work give anoda European power. Hendrik Carloff, for example, na he be a former high-ranking officer insyd de company, wey join de Swedish Africa Company, dem found insyd 1649 by de Walloon-Dutch industrialist Louis De Geer. For de end, Carloff sanso lef de Swedish company, dis time for de Danish Africa Company, wich na he found einself plus Isaac Coymans den Nicolaes Pancras, sanso be former Dutch West India Company employees. === Relationship plus local peoples === [[File:Butre_1656.jpg|left|thumb|De first page of de Treaty of Butre, dem sign on 17 August 1656]] Na de European powers sam times be drawn into conflicts plus local inhabitants as na Europeans develop commercial alliances plus local political authorities. Na dese alliances, often be complicated, involve both Europeans wey dey attempt make dem enlist anaa persuade dema closest allies make dem attack rival European ports den dema African allies, anaa conversely, various African powers wey dey seek make dem recruit Europeans as mercenaries insyd dema inter-state wars, anaa as diplomats make dem resolve conflicts. Anoda way na dem avoid conflicts plus de local inhabitants be thru marriage. Na European men often create alliances plus de local African people thru a practice dem know as '''cassare''' anaa '''calisare''' dem derive from de Portuguese '''casar''' wey dey mean "to marry." Dutch men den oda Europeans go marry African women wey families get ties to de Atlantic slave trade. Insyd dis way, na Europeans benefit from those marriages by dem dey corrupt African individuals so say dem go maintain de alliances responsible for massive, racial-based enslavement, wich na e fabricate European wealth as much as e fabricate African systemic impoverishment. Insys essence, na African individuals profit at de expense of enslavement den impoverishment of African peoples, while na European individuals profit as means of consolidating wealth give European peoples. <ref>{{cite book|last1=Rodney|first1=Walter|title=How Europe underdeveloped Africa|publisher=Howard University Press|year=1972|isbn=996-6-2511-38}}</ref>Na African wives fi receive money den schooling give de kiddies dem bear by European men. Wives sanso fi inherit slaves den property from dema husbies wen dem return to Europe anaa dem die.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Ipsen|first1=Pernille|title=Daughters of the Trade: Atlantic Slavers and Interracial Marriage on the Gold Coast|url=https://archive.org/details/daughtersoftrade0000ipse|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|year=2015|isbn=978-0-8122-4673-5}}</ref> === Disestablishment of de DWIC den de abolition of slave trade === == Administration == === Dutch West India Company === During de reign of de Dutch West India Company, na de government of de colony be headed by a Director-General. Na de Director-General be assisted by a Council wey be composed of senior colonial officers. Aside from e be de supreme ruler of de colony, na de Director-General sanso be de supreme commander of de land den sea forces, den highest judicial officer. Na de Director-General get a double mandate, ebe installed by both de States-General of de Dutch Republic den de Dutch West India Company. Na de colonial government be based for Fort Nassau insyd Moree between 1621 den 1637, den for Fort George insyd Elmina from 1637 dey go. ==== Composition of de Council ==== According to de 1722 government instruction, na de Council comprise de Director-General, wey function as de council ein presido, de fiscal (Dutch: ''fiscaal''), de senior merchant (Dutch: ''opperkoopman''), den de senior commissioners (Dutch: ''oppercommies''). Na dese senior commissioners consist of de head of Fort Saint Anthony for Axim, de head of Fort Nassau for Moree, de head of Fort Crèvecoeur for [[Accra]], den de head of de factory for Ouidah, on de Dutch Slave Coast. === Direct Dutch rule === After de liquidation of de Dutch West India Company insyd 1791, na de Council of Colonies give de West Indies take over de government of de Dutch Gold Coast. Na little changed insyd de first years, wey na dem lef de old administration of de Dutch West India Company largely intact. Na dis change wen de Batavian Republic replace de Dutch Republic insyd 1795. Na de administration of de Dutch Gold Coast be reformed by a secret resolution of 12 May 1801. Na dem rename de office of Director-General Governor-General, wey na dem split de council insyd a Great Council den a Small Council. Na de Small Council be responsible for de everyday government of de colony, wey e comprise de Governor-General, de administrator-den-Director-General (Dutch: ''administrateur en directeur-generaal''), de master of stores, de master of works, den de bookkeeper of de general office (Dutch: ''boekhouder ten comptoir-generaal''). Na de Great Council consist of de Small Council, plus de addition of de residents of Fort Crèvecoeur for Accra, Fort Saint Anthony for Axim, Fort Saint Sebastian for Shama, den Fort Amsterdam for Kormatin, wey dem meet every three months. Na dem san reform de administration of de Dutch Gold Coast wen na de Kingdom of Holland replace de Batavian Republic insyd 1806. By royal decree of Louis Napoleon, King of Holland, na dem demote de office of Governor-General to Commandant-General insyd 1807, wey na dem overhaul de administration insyd 1809. Na an even bigger change cam plus de establishment of de Kingdom of the Netherlands insyd 1815. E lef behind de uncertain years of French occupation, den plus na dem abolish slave trade, de newly established kingdom put up a plan make dem transform de colony into a profitable plantation colony. For dis purpose, na dem give de new governor Herman Willem Daendels an open mandate den a large budget. Na de project be cut short plus Daendels early death insyd 1818, however. == Society == [[File:AMH-6780-NA_Map_of_El_Mina_Fort.jpg|right|thumb|Map of Elmina around 1665 by Johannes Vingboons]] [[File:AMH-7724-NA_Map_of_Elmina_showing_the_forts_of_St._George_and_Coenraadsburg.jpg|right|thumb|Map of Elmina around 1799 by J.C. Bergeman]] Until de destruction of Elmina insyd 1873, na de town be de largest settlement on de Gold Coast, wey dey eclipse [[Accra]] den [[Kumasi]]. Insyd de 18th century, na ein population number 12,000 to 16,000 inhabitants, den insyd de 19th century, na dis figure rise to between 18,000 den 20,000. Na chaw of dese inhabitants no be European, however; na dema number peak for 377 Dutch West India Company employees for de entire Dutch Gold Coast insyd de 18th century, before na e sink back to a mere 20 officers insyd de 19th century. Na much more important be de African inhabitants of Elmina, wey na dem cam from every region of de Gold Coast to Elmina make dem try dema luck. Na slaves form a considerable portion of de population of Elmina as well, wey na dem often be insyd de possession of de [[Akan people]] inhabitants demaselves. Na de third group insyd Elmina be of mixed race, den de result of interracial relations between Dutch West India Company employees den African women insyd Elmina. Na de illegitimate kiddies of de employees be called "Tapoeijers" by de Dutch, for, according to dem, na de colour of dema skin resemble those of native Americans. Na a decree from 1700 by de Governor-General for Elmina stipulate dat employees of de Dutch West India Company wey dem for return to de Netherlands either for take dema (illegitimate) kiddies plus dem, anaa dem for bia a sum of money make dem provide give dema "Christian upbringing". For de latter purpose, na dem establish a school insyd Elmina. === Wilhelm Amo den Jacobus Capitein === [[File:Capitein1742.jpeg|left|thumb|Portrait of Jacobus Capitein]] Na de presence of European powers for de Gold Coast open up de area to de outsyd world, wey sam Africans from de Gold Coast achieve a modicum of accomplishment insyd European society. Two Africans from de Gold Coast be especially notable insyd dis regard, although one of dem be notorious for he dey defend slavery as compatible plus Christianity. Na dem born Anton Wilhelm Amo near Axim insyd 1703 wey dem sen am go Amsterdam by de Dutch West India Company around 1707. Na dem give am as a present to Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. Na Amo be baptised, wey he go school for de Wolfenbüttel Ritter-Akademie (1717–1721) de University of Helmstedt (1721–1727), den de University of Halle (1727–1729), wey he subsequently gain a doctorate insyd philosophy for de University of Wittenberg insyd 1734 plus de thesis ''On the Absence of Sensation in the Human Mind and its Presence in our Organic and Living Body'', insyd wich na he argue against Cartesian dualism den in favour of a broadly materialist account of de person. Insyd 1740, na Amo take up a post insyd philosophy for de University of Jena, buh insyd 1747 na he return to de Gold Coast wer na he die insyd 1759. Na Amo be de first black person make he attend a European university. He dey lie interred insyd de graveyard of Fort San Sebastian. Around 1717, na dem born Jacobus Capitein insyd de Gold Coast. Na dem forcibly take am to de Netherlands insyd 1725, wer na dem give am to Jacobus van Goch. Na Capitein excel for school wey dem announce during ein baptism insyd 1735 say na he want make he return to de Gold Coast as a missionary. To dat effect, na he study for Leiden University between 1737 den 1742, wey he graduate on a dissertation wey dey defend slavery. Na he be subsequently installed by de Dutch East India Company as a Christian minister for Elmina, wer na he marry Antonia Ginderdros. Na Ashanti king Opoku Ware I demand say make Capitein teach ein kiddies, wich na he do. Na Capitein die insyd Elmina insyd 1747. ==Settlements== ===Main forts=== {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Place insyd Ghana ! Fort name<ref>[[:en:Dutch_Gold_Coast#CITEREFDoortmontSmit2007|Doortmont & Smit 2007]], p. 325</ref> ! Dem found/<br>Dem occupy ! Dem cede |--- | Moree | Fort Nassau | 1598&nbsp;(1612) | 1868 |--- | Butri | Fort Batenstein | 1598 (1656) | 1872 |--- | [[Elmina]] | Fort Elmina | 1637 | 1872 |--- | Elmina | Fort Coenraadsburg | 1637 (1665) | 1872 |--- | Shama | Fort San Sebastian | 1640 | 1872 |--- | Axim | Fort Santo Antonio | 1642 | 1872 |--- | [[Accra]] | Fort Crèvecoeur | 1642 | 1868 |--- | Sekondi | Fort Orange | 1642 (1690) | 1872 |--- | Takoradi | Fort Witsen | 1665 | 1872 |--- | Cormantin | Fort Amsterdam | 1665 | 1868 |--- | Senya Beraku | Fort Goede Hoop | 1667 | 1868 |--- | Akwidaa | Fort Dorothea | 1687 | 1872 |--- | [[Komenda, Ghana|Komenda]] | Fort Vredenburgh | 1682 | 1872 |--- | [[Apam]] | Fort Lijdzaamheid | 1697 | 1868 |--- | Princess Town | Fort Hollandia | 1724 | 1872 |} === Trade of forts plus Britain === Insyd 1868, na de United Kingdom den de Netherlands trade sam forts so say dem go create more geographically contiguous areas of influence.<ref>Foreign & Commonwealth Office - [http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/treaties/treaties-landing/records/08400/08421 Convention between Great Britain and the Netherlands for an Interchange of Territory on the Gold Coast of Africa]</ref> Na de Netherlands cede Fort Nassau, Fort Crêvecoeur, Fort Amsterdam, Fort Goede Hoop, den Fort Lijdzaamheid, den in return dem receive Apollonia (dem rename am Fort Willem III), Fort Dixcove (dem rename am Fort Metalen Kruis), Fort Komenda (no be confused plus de already Dutch Fort Vredenburgh, e sanso dey insyd Komenda), den Fort Sekondi (no be confused plus de already Dutch Fort Orange, e sanso dey insyd Sekondi). Na dis arrangement prove short-lived, as na dem completely cede de colony de United Kingdom insyd 1872. {| class="wikitable sortable" !Place insyd Ghana !Fort name !Dem found/<br>Dem occupy !Dem cede !Comment |- |Beyin |Fort Willem III |1868 |1872 |Previously British [[Fort Apollonia]]. |- |Dixcove |Fort Metalen Kruis |1868 |1872 |Previously British Fort Dixcove. |- |[[Komenda, Ghana|Komenda]] |Fort Komenda |1868 |1872 |Previously British Fort Komenda. |- |Sekondi |[[Fort Sekondi]] |1868 |1872 |Previously British Fort Sekondi. |} === Forts dem temporarily hold === Apart from de main forts dem hold for more dan a century, na oda forts insyd de region be temporarily occupied by de Dutch: {| class="wikitable sortable" !Place insyd Ghana !Fort name !Dem found/<br>Dem occupy !Dem cede |- |[[Cape Coast|Cape&nbsp;Coast]] |[[Cape Coast Castle]] |1637 |1652 |- |Anomabu |Fort William |1640 |1652 |- |Egya |Fort Egya |1647 |1664 |- |Ankobra |Fort Ruychaver |1654 |1659 |- |Ankobra |Fort&nbsp;Elize&nbsp;Carthago |1702 |1706 (?) |- |Keta |Fort Singelenburgh |1734 |1737 |- |Sekondi |[[Fort Sekondi]] |1782 |1785 |} == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite book|last=DeCorse|first=Christopher R.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uT91AAAAMAAJ|title=An archeology of Elmina: Africans and Europeans on the Gold Coast, 1400–1900|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|year=2001|isbn=9781560989714|location=Washington, D.C.}} * {{cite book|last1=Doortmont|first1=Michel R.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-SBwMhYAZw0C|title=Sources for the mutual history of Ghana and the Netherlands. An annotated guide to the Dutch archives relating to Ghana and West Africa in the Nationaal Archief, 1593-1960s|last2=Smit|first2=Jinna|publisher=Brill|year=2007|isbn=978-90-04-15850-4|location=Leiden}} * {{cite journal |last=Feinberg |first=H.M. |year=1976 |title=There Was an Elmina Note, But.... |journal=The International Journal of African Historical Studies |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=618–630 |doi=10.2307/217016 |jstor=217016}} * {{cite book|last=Feinberg|first=H.M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3SELAAAAIAAJ|title=Africans and Europeans in West Africa: Elminans and Dutchmen on the Gold Coast During the Eighteenth Century|publisher=American Philosophical Society|year=1989|isbn=9780871697974|location=Philadelphia}} * {{cite book|last=Postma|first=Johannes M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HGoyvMF7xw8C|title=The Dutch in the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1600-1815|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1990|isbn=0-521-36585-6|location=Cambridge}} * {{cite book|last=Van Dantzig|first=Albert|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YhZyAAAAMAAJ|title=Forts and Castles of Ghana|publisher=Sedco Publishing|year=1999|isbn=9964-72-010-6|location=Accra}} * {{cite journal |last=Yarak |first=Larry W. |year=1986 |title=The "Elmina Note:" Myth and Reality in Asante-Dutch Relations |journal=History in Africa |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=363–382 |doi=10.2307/3171552 |jstor=3171552 |s2cid=161210537}} * {{cite journal |last=Yarak |first=Larry W. |year=2003 |title=A West African Cosmopolis: Elmina (Ghana) in the Nineteenth Century |url=http://www.historycooperative.org/proceedings/seascapes/yarak.html |url-status=dead |journal=Seascapes, Littoral Cultures, and Trans-Oceanic Exchanges |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100329042920/http://www.historycooperative.org/proceedings/seascapes/yarak.html |archive-date=29 March 2010 |access-date=23 April 2012}} === Insyd Dutch === * {{cite journal |last=Adhin |first=J. H. |year=1961 |title=De immigratie van Hindostanen en de afstand van de Goudkust |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305082759/http://www.kitlv-journals.nl/index.php/nwig/article/viewFile/5188/5955 |journal=Nieuwe West-Indische Gids |volume=41 |issue=1 |pages=4–13 |doi=10.1163/22134360-90002334 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite book|last=Delepeleire|first=Y.|url=http://www.ethesis.net/wic/wic_inhoud.htm|title=Nederlands Elmina: een socio-economische analyse van de Tweede Westindische Compagnie in West-Afrika in 1715|publisher=Universiteit Gent|year=2004|location=Gent}} * {{cite journal |last=Gramberg |first=J.S.G. |year=1868 |title=De Goudkust |url=http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_gid001186801_01/_gid001186801_01_0075.php |journal=De Gids |volume=32 |pages=383–407}} * {{cite book|last=Nagtglas|first=Cornelis Johannes Marius|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_JxPAAAAcAAJ|title=Een woord aangaande de vraag: "Wat moet Nederland doen met zijne bezittingen ter kuste van Guinea?"|publisher=H.C. Susan, C.Hz.|year=1863|location=The Hague}} * {{cite book|last=Van der Meer|first=Dirk|url=https://meergeschiedenis.nl/goudkust|title=De goudkust na de slavenhandel: Plannen om de Nederlandse Bezittingen ter kuste van Guinea rendabel te maken|publisher=Universiteit Utrecht|year=1990|location=Utrecht}} * {{cite journal |last=Van Kessel |first=Ineke |year=2001 |title=Driehonderd jaar Nederlands-Ghanese handelsbetrekkingen |url=http://www.historischnieuwsblad.nl/nl/artikel/5677/driehonderd-jaar-nederlands-ghanese-handelsbetrekkingen.html |journal=Historisch Nieuwsblad |volume=2001 |issue=4}} ==External links== {{commons}} * [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Ghana.html#Dutch WorldStatesmen - Ghana - Dutch Gold Coast] * [http://www.ambaccra.nl/ Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Ghana] [[Category:Dutch Gold Coast| ]] [[Category:Former colonies insyd Africa]] [[Category:Former Dutch colonies]] [[Category:Former settlements den colonies of de Dutch West India Company]] [[Category:Dutch colonisation insyd Africa]] [[Category:Dutch West India Company]] [[Category:17th century insyd Ghana]] [[Category:18th century insyd Ghana]] [[Category:19th century insyd Ghana]] [[Category:History of West Africa|Danish Gold Coast]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1598]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1872]] [[Category:1598 establishments insyd Africa]] [[Category:1872 disestablishments insyd Africa]] [[Category:1598 establishments insyd de Dutch Empire]] [[Category:1872 disestablishments]] [[Category:19th-century disestablishments insyd de Dutch Empire]] [[Category:Gold Coast (British colony)]] [[Category:Ghana–Netherlands relations]] [[Category:Historical regions]] kjysxwhjxg29tw7wop86hmukzkwezts 0 15715 112450 110678 2026-09-24T23:55:39Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112450 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Asante Empire''' (Asante Twi: {{lang|tw-asante|'''Asanteman'''}}), dem sanso know as de '''Ashanti Empire''', na ebe an [[Akan people|Akan]] state wey last from 1701 to 1901, insyd wat now be modern-day [[Ghana]].<ref name="Britannica">{{Cite web|title=Osei Tutu {{!}} king of Asante empire|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Osei-Tutu|access-date=2020-05-30|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref> Na e expanded from de [[Ashanti Region]] make e include chaw of Ghana den sanso parts of [[Ivory Coast]] den [[Togo]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Davidson|first=Basil|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4SEiBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA174|title=West Africa before the Colonial Era: A History to 1850|date=2014-10-29|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-88265-7|page=174|language=en|author-link=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Isichei|first=Elizabeth|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3C2tzBSAp3MC&dq=Ashanti+expand+Ivory+Coast+and+Togo&pg=PA346|title=A History of African Societies to 1870|date=1997|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9780521455992|page=346|author-link=}}</ref> Secof de empire ein military prowess, wealth, architecture, sophisticated hierarchy den culture, na de Asante Empire be extensively studied wey e get more historic records wey European wrep, primarily British, authors dan any oda indigenous culture of sub-Saharan Africa.<ref name="Collins and Burns">{{cite book|last1=Collins|first1=Robert O.|title=A History of Sub-Saharan Africa|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofsubsaha0000coll|last2=Burns|first2=James M.|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2007|isbn=9780521867467|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofsubsaha0000coll/page/139 139]-141}}</ref> Dey start insyd de late 17th century, na de Asante king Osei Tutu ({{circa|1695}} &#x2013; 1717) den ein adviser Okomfo Anokye establish de Asante Kingdom, plus de Golden Stool of Asante as a sole unifying symbol.<ref name="Britannica"/><ref>{{Cite web|date=31 October 2018|title=Asante Kingdom|url=https://www.iriemag.com/rock-asante-kingdom/|access-date=2020-12-04|website=Irie Magazine}}</ref> Na Osei Tutu oversee a massive Asante territorial expansion, wey he build up de army by he introduce new organisation den dey turn a disciplined royal den paramilitary army into an effective fighting machine. Insyd 1701, na de Asante army conquer Denkyira, wey dey give de Asante access to de Gulf of Guinea den de Atlantic Ocean coastal trade plus Europeans, notably de [[Dutch Gold Coast|Dutch]].<ref name="Collins and Burns"/> Na de economy of de Asante Empire mainly be based for de trade of gold den agricultural exports<ref name="Green, Toby">{{cite book|last1=Green|first1=Toby|title=A fistful of shells : West Africa from the rise of the slave trade to the age of revolution|date=31 January 2019|publisher=Penguin Books Ltd|isbn=978-0-241-00328-2|edition=Kindle-Version|location=London|pages=108, 247}}</ref> as well as [[Atlantic slave trade|slave trading]], craft work den trade plus markets further north.<ref name="arhin trade">{{cite journal |last=Arhin |first=Kwame |year=1990 |title=Trade, Accumulation and the State in Asante in the Nineteenth Century |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_africa-uk_1990_60_4/page/n63 |journal=Africa: Journal of the International African Institute |volume=60 |issue=4 |pages=524–537 |doi=10.2307/1160206 |jstor=1160206 |s2cid=145522016}}</ref> Na de Asante Empire fight chaw wars plus neighboring kingdoms den lesser organized groups such as de Fante. Na de Asante hold dema own against de [[United Kingdom|British]] insyd de first two of de five Anglo-Ashanti Wars, wey dem kill British army general Sir Charles MacCarthy wey dem keep ein skull as a gold-rimmed drinking cup insyd 1824. Na British forces later burn den sack de Asante capital of [[Kumasi]], however, den dey follow de final Asante defeat for de fifth Anglo-Ashanti War, de Asante empire cam be part of de Gold Coast colony for 1 January 1902. Today, de Asante Kingdom dey survive as a constitutionally protected, sub-national traditional state<ref name="Roeder">{{cite book|last=Roeder|first=Philip|title=Where Nation-States Come From: Institutional Change in the Age of Nationalism|url=https://archive.org/details/wherenationstate0000phil|date=2007|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0691134673|location=Princeton|page=[https://archive.org/details/wherenationstate0000phil/page/281 281]}}</ref> insyd union plus de Republic of Ghana. De current king of de Asante kingdom be Otumfuo Osei Tutu II. De Asante kingdom be de home to [[Lake Bosumtwi]], Ghana ein only natural lake. Dem dey derive de state ein current economic revenue mainly from trading insyd gold bars, cocoa, kola nuts den agriculture.<ref name="Collins and Burns"/> == Etymology den origins == De name ''Asante'' dey mean "secof war". De word dey derive from de Twi word ''ɔsa'' wey dey mean "war" den ''nti'' wey dey mean "secof". Dis name dey cam from de Asante ein origin as a kingdom dem create make dem fight de Denkyira kingdom.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 2019|title=Asante – The People Of A Wealthy Gold-Rich Empire – BlackFaces|url=https://www.theblackfaces.com/?p=288|access-date=2020-05-30|language=en-US}}</ref> De variant name "Ashanti" dem cam from British reports wey dey transcribe "Asante" as na de British hear am dem pronounce, ''as-hanti''. Na dem subsequently drop de hyphenation den de name ''Ashanti'' remain, plus various spellings wey dey include ''Ashantee'' common into de early 20th century. === Formation of Early Akan Settlements === Between de late 10th den 13th centuries CE, na various [[Akan people|Akan]]-speaking groups establish settlements across de forest belt of southern [[Ghana]], wey dey form early communities such as Bono Manso den Begho. Na dese populations engage insyd regional trade wey dey link de forest to de savanna den de sahel. Archaeological den oral evidence dey indicate say na dem create relatively large den dey endure settlements insyd de forest den for ein fringes, dem sustain by farming, hunting, gold production, den ironworking.<ref>“Quest for the River, Creation of the Path,” in ''The Ghana Reader: History, Culture, Politics'', eds. </ref> Among dese early centers, dem dey remember Adanse insyd oral tradition as a foundational homeland, wer chaw Akan clans dey trace dema origins den wer ma core political den spiritual institutions first take root. E be regarded as de first of de five principal Akan states—dem know collectively as de ''Akanman Piesie Num''—wich dey include Adanse, along plus regions wey later go cam turn Akyem Abuakwa, [[Assin]], Denkyira, den Amansie, de area from wich de [[Asante Empire]] later go emerge.<ref>Kwasi Boaten, "The Asante Before 1700," ''Institute of African Studies Research Review'', vol. </ref> === Ancestral Settlements den Archaeological Evidence === Insyd 1986, na archaeologist Peter Shinnie undertake excavations for two key sites—Asantemanso den Adansemanso—wey based for dema prominence insyd Asante oral traditions den earlier accounts by R.S. Rattray. Na dem regard both locations as ancestral settlements, wey na de goal of de investigation be make e assess dema historical significance thru archaeological evidence. == Insyd popular culture == Na dem depict de Asante Empire insyd a number of different works of nonfiction, wey dey detail de structure of de empire === Literature den theatre === * De novel The Two Hearts of Kwasi Boachi (1997)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mendelsohn|first=Daniel|date=27 November 2000|title=Telltale Hearts - Nymag|url=https://nymag.com/nymetro/arts/books/reviews/4126/|access-date=5 April 2022|website=New York Magazine|language=en-us}}</ref> dey based on de memoirs of Kwasi Boachi, de son of de Asantehene Kwaku Dua I, from wen na dem send he den ein cousin Kwame Poku to the Netherlands insyd 1837 make dem receive a European education. * Na e be later adapted into an opera insyd 2007 by de author Arthur Japin den composer Jonathan Dove<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kwasi & Kwame|url=https://www.jonathandove.com/kwasi--kwame.html|access-date=5 April 2022|website=Jonathan Dove|language=en}}</ref> * De 2006 novel Copper Sun ein protagonist Amari dey cam from de Asante Empire. === Literature === * Na dem name de singer Ashanti after de alternative name 'Ashanti empire'. Dis be secof na women get power den influence der, wey na ein mommie wan make she follow dat model.<ref>Clarence Waldron; et al., eds. (1 July 2002). [https://books.google.com/books?id=f7UDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA61 "Ashanti: New singer reigns as music's princess of hip-hop soul"]. ''Jet''. Vol. 102, no. 2. Johnson Publishing Company. pp. 58–61.</ref> === Television === * Na dem reference de Asante Empire insyd de ''Static Shock'' episodes "Static in Africa" den "Out of Africa", wer Static den ein family visit Ghana. === Video games === Na dem depict de Asante Empire insyd sam historical war strategy video games, along plus e be characters insyd video games plus origins from de area * Insyd de grand strategy video games ''Europa Universalis IV'' (2013) den ''Victoria 3'' (2022), na Paradox Interactive develop both, de Ashanti Empire dey appear as one of chaw historical nations wey players fi play as anaa interact plus. * Insyd ''Crusader Kings III'', de Ashanti Empire be one of de chaw nations wey players fi play anaa interact as. * Insyd ''Assassin's Creed IV: Black Flag'', two characters, Kumi Berko, a pirate playable insyd de multiplayer mode under de pseudonym "The Mercenary", den Antó, a Master Assassin of de West Indies Brotherhood, na dem born both insyd de Ashanti Empire. * De Ashanti Empire dey appear as a playable minor civilization insyd ''Age of Empires III''. == References == <references /> == Bibliography == * {{cite journal |last=Boaten |first=Kwasi |year=1971 |title=The Asante Before 1700 |journal=Institute of African Studies Research Review |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=50–65 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250527231201/https://d.lib.msu.edu/asrv/234 |access-date=10 May 2025}} * {{cite book | last = Davidson | first = Basil| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=dg4OAQAAMAAJ | title = African Civilization Revisited | year = 1991 | publisher = Africa World Press| ISBN=9780865431232}} *{{cite book |last=Edgerton |first=Robert B. |year=2010 |title=The Fall of the Asante Empire: The Hundred-Year War For Africa's Gold Coast|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Tkm5UZJz8z0C|publisher=Simon & Schuster|isbn=9781451603736 }} *{{cite book |last1=Gocking |first1=Roger |title=The History of Ghana |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofghana00gock/page/18/mode/1up |date=2005 |publisher=Greenwood Press |location=Westport, Connecticut |isbn=0-313-31894-8}} *{{Cite book|last=Obeng|first=J.Pashington|date= 1996|title=Asante Catholicism; Religious and Cultural Reproduction among the Akan of Ghana|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zh9jIVu2CyEC&pg=PA31-32|language=en|volume=1|publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-10631-4}} * {{cite book | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=NSs4AAAAIAAJ | title= Asante in the Nineteenth Century: The Structure and Evolution of a Political Order |first=Ivor |last=Wilks |author-link=| publisher= Cambridge University Press Archive |via = Books.google.com |access-date= 2020-12-29|isbn= 9780521379946|date= 1989}} * {{cite book| last = Shillington | first = Kevin |title = History of Africa | publisher = St. Martin's Press | location = New York | year = 1995 | url = https://archive.org/details/historyofafrica00shil}} * {{cite book |last=Lloyd |first=Alan |year=1964 |title=The Drums of Kumasi: the story of the Ashanti wars |url=https://archive.org/details/drumsofkumasisto0000alan |publisher=Longmans |location=London |ol=5937815M |lccn=65006132 }} *{{cite book | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=_5ltAAAACAAJ | title= History of Ghana: Since Pre-history |first= Seth K. |last=Gadzekpo | publisher= Excellent Pub. and Print |via = Books.google.com |access-date= 2020-12-27|isbn= 9988070810|date= 2005}} *{{cite book | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=-CMm0zpLOykC | title= State and Society in Pre-colonial Asante |first= T. C.|last= McCaskie | publisher= Cambridge University Press |isbn= 9780521894326|date= 2003}} * {{cite journal |last=McCaskie |first=T. C. |year=2007 |title=Denkyira in the Making of Asante c. 1660–1720 |journal=The Journal of African History |volume=48 |issue=1 |pages=1–25 |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/4501014 |access-date=24 April 2025}} ==Read further == * {{cite book |last1=Konadu |first1=Kwasi |last2=Campbell |first2=Clifford C. |title=The Ghana Reader: History, Culture, Politics |publisher=Duke University Press |year=2016 |isbn=9780822359845 |url=https://www.dukeupress.edu/the-ghana-reader |access-date=10 May 2025}} == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.britannica.com/eb/topic-37710/Asante-empire the Ashanti Kingdom Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060830012722/http://ling.ucsd.edu/courses/ling19/ling19langdis/twi.htm UC San Diego - Asante Language Program - Directed Study] * [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/301013.stm BBC News | Africa | Funeral rites for Ashanti king] * [https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9057534/Osei-Tutu "Osei Tutu"], ''Encyclopedia Britannica Online''. * [https://books.google.com/books?id=Zh9jIVu2CyEC&dq=Asante+Empire,+square+miles&pg=PA20 Asante Catholicism at Googlebooks] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071024063513/http://lucy.ukc.ac.uk/EthnoAtlas/Hmar/Cult_dir/Culture.7880 Ashanti Page] at the Ethnographic Atlas, maintained at Centre for Social Anthropology and Computing, University of Kent, Canterbury * [https://www.pbs.org/wonders/Episodes/Epi3/3_wondr1.htm Ashanti Kingdom] at the Wonders of the African World, at PBS * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061205031422/http://library.webster.edu/ashanti.html Ashanti Culture] contains a selected list of Internet sources on the topic, especially sites that serve as comprehensive lists or gateways * [http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/4chapter6.shtml ''The Story of Africa: Asante''] — BBC World Service * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120217065448/http://www.ascleiden.nl/Library/Webdossiers/Asante.aspx Web dossier about the Asante Kingdom]: African Studies Centre, Leiden * [https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/37710/Asante-empire "Asante empire"], ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. {{Authority control}} [[Category:Ashanti Empire| ]] [[Category:Ashanti Region|*]] [[Category:19th century insyd Africa]] [[Category:20th century insyd Africa]] [[Category:1670 establishments insyd Africa]] [[Category:1902 disestablishments insyd Africa]] [[Category:1935 establishments insyd Gold Coast (British colony)]] [[Category:1957 disestablishments insyd Africa]] [[Category:Autonomous regions]] [[Category:Countries insyd precolonial Africa]] [[Category:Former empires]] [[Category:States den territories dem disestablish insyd 1902]] [[Category:States den territories dem disestablish insyd 1957]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1670]] [[Category:States den territories dem insyd 1935]] muk2fitcbbqwez922cuapr1mczp7jns 0 15778 112567 108751 2026-09-25T02:56:28Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 13 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112567 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Thirteenth Amendment''' ('''Amendment XIII''') to de United States Constitution dem abolish slavery den involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. Na dem pass de amendment by de Senate on April 8, 1864, by de House of Representatives on January 31, 1865, wey be ratified by de required 27 of de then 36 states on December 6, 1865, wey na dem proclaim on December 18. N e be de first of de three Reconstruction Amendments dem adopt dey follow de American Civil War. Na Presido [[Abraham Lincoln]] ein [[Emancipation Proclamation]], effective on January 1, 1863, na dem declare dat de enslaved insyd Confederate-controlled areas (den thus almost all slaves) be free. Wen na dem escape to Union lines anaa federal forces (wey dey include now-former slaves) dem advance south, na emancipation occur widout any compensation to de former owners. Na Texas be de last Confederate slave state, wer na enforcement of de proclamation dem declare on June 19, 1865. Insyd de slave-owning areas wey be controlled by Union forces on January 1, 1863, na dem use state action take abolish slavery. Na de exceptions be Kentucky den Delaware, den to a limited extent New Jersey, wer na chattel slavery den indentured servitude be finally ended by de Thirteenth Amendment insyd December 1865. Insyd contrast to de other Reconstruction Amendments, de Thirteenth Amendment has rarely been cited insyd case law, but it has been used to strike down peonage den some race-based discrimination as "badges and incidents of slavery". De Thirteenth Amendment has sana been invoked to empower Congress to make laws against modern forms of slavery, such as sex trafficking. From its inception insyd 1776, de United States was divided into states dat allowed slavery den states dat prohibited it. Na [[Slavery in Africa|Slavery]] be implicitly recognized insyd de original Constitution insyd provisions such as de Three-fifths Compromise (Article I, Section 2, Clause 3), which provided dat three-fifths of each state's enslaved population ("other persons") be to be added to its free population for de purposes of apportioning seats insyd de United States House of Representatives, its number of Electoral votes, den direct taxes among de states. De Fugitive Slave Clause (Article IV, Section 2, Clause 3) provided dat slaves held under de laws of one state who escaped to another state did not become free, but remained slaves. Though three million Confederate slaves were eventually freed as a result of Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, their postwar status be uncertain. To ensure dat abolition be beyond legal challenge, an amendment to de Constitution to dat effect was drafted. On April 8, 1864, de Senate passed an amendment to abolish slavery. After one unsuccessful vote den extensive legislative maneuvering by de Lincoln administration, de House followed suit on January 31, 1865. De measure was swiftly ratified by nearly all Northern states, along plus a sufficient number of border states up to de assassination of President Lincoln. However, de approval come via ein successor, President Andrew Johnson, who encouraged the "reconstructed" Southern states of Alabama, North Carolina, den Georgia to agree, which brought de count to 27 states, leading to its adoption before de end of 1865. Though de Amendment abolish slavery throughout de United States, some black Americans, particularly insyd de South, were subjected to oda forms of involuntary labor, such as under de Black Codes. Na they sana be victims of white supremacist violence, selective enforcement of statutes, den oda disabilities. Many such abuses were given cover by de Amendment's penal labor exception. == Text == {{blockquote|'''Section 1.''' Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. '''Section 2.''' Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/constitution.amendmentxiii.html|title=13th Amendment|publisher=Cornell University Law School|work=Legal Information Institute|date=November 20, 2012|access-date=November 30, 2012|archive-date=November 24, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091124154844/http://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/constitution.amendmentxiii.html|url-status=live}}</ref>}} == Slavery insyd de United States == Na Slavery exist den be legal insyd de United States of America upon ein founding insyd 1776. Na e be establish by European colonization insyd all of de original thirteen American colonies of British America. Prior to de Thirteenth Amendment, de United States Constitution do not expressly use de words ''slave'' or ''slavery'' but included several provisions about unfree persons. De Three-Fifths Compromise, Article I, Section 2, Clause 3 of de Constitution, allocated Congressional representation based "on de whole Number of free Persons" den "three-fifths of all oda Persons". Na dis clause be a compromise between Southern politicians who wished for enslaved African-Americans to be counted as 'persons' for congressional representation den Northern politicians rejecting these out of concern of too much power for de South, because representation insyd de new Congress would be based on population insyd contrast to de one-vote-for-one-state principle insyd de earlier Continental Congress.<ref>[[:en:Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution#Allain2012|Allain, 2012]], pp. 116-117</ref> Under de Fugitive Slave Clause, Article IV, Section 2, Clause 3, "No person held to Service or Labour insyd one State" would be freed by escaping to anoda. Article I, Section 9, Clause 1 allowed Congress to pass legislation outlawing de "Importation of Persons", which would not be passed until 1808. However, for purposes of de Fifth Amendment—which states dat "No person shall ... be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law"—slaves understand as property.<ref>[[:en:Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution#Allain2012|Allain, 2012]], pp. 119–120</ref> Na although abolitionists use de Fifth Amendment to argue against slavery, e become part of de legal basis insyd ''Dred Scott v. Sandford'' (1857) for treating slaves as property.<ref>Tsesis, ''The Thirteenth Amendment and American Freedom'' (2004), p. 14.</ref> Stimulated by de philosophy of de Declaration of Independence, between 1777 den 1804 every Northern state provided for de immediate or gradual abolition of slavery. (Slavery was never legal in Vermont; na e be prohibited insyd de 1777 constitution creating Vermont, to become de fourteenth state.) Most of de slaves who were emancipated by such legislation be household servants. No Southern state do so, den de enslaved population of de South continue to grow, peaking at almost four million in 1861. An abolitionist movement, headed by such figures as William Lloyd Garrison, Theodore Dwight Weld, den Angelina Grimké, grow insyd strength insyd de North, calling for de immediate end of slavery nationwide and exacerbating tensions between North den South. De American Colonization Society, an alliance between abolitionists who felt de "races" should be kept separated den slaveholders who feared de presence of freed blacks will encourage slave rebellions, called for de emigration of both free blacks den slaves to Africa, where they would establish independent colonies. Na ein views be endorsed by politicians such as Henry Clay, who feared dat de American abolitionist movement would provoke a civil war.<ref>[[:en:Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution#CITEREFFoner2010|Foner, 2010]], pp. 20–22</ref> Proposals to eliminate slavery by constitutional amendment be introduced by Representative Arthur Livermore insyd 1818 den by John Quincy Adams insyd 1839, but failed to gain significant traction.<ref name="Vile">{{cite encyclopedia|year=2003|title=Thirteenth Amendment|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Constitutional Amendments, Proposed Amendments, and Amending Issues: 1789–2002|publisher=ABC-CLIO|editor-first=John R.|editor-last=Vile|pages=449–52}}</ref> As de country continue to expand, de issue of slavery inside ein new territories became de dominant national issue. De senatorial votes of new states could break de deadlock insyd de Senate over slavery. Na de Southern position be dat slaves be property den therefore can be moved to de territories like all oda forms of property.<ref name=":0">[[:en:Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution#CITEREFGoodwin2005|Goodwin, 2005]], p. 123</ref> De 1820 Missouri Compromise provided for de admission of Missouri as a slave state den Maine as a free state, preserving de Senate's equality between de regions. Insyd 1846, de Wilmot Proviso be introduced to a war appropriations bill to ban slavery insyd all territories acquired insyd de Mexican–American War; de Proviso repeatedly passed de House, buh no be de Senate.<ref name=":0" /> The Compromise of 1850 temporarily defused de issue by admitting California as a free state, instituting a stronger Fugitive Slave Act, banning de slave trade insyd Washington, D.C., den allowing New Mexico den Utah self-determination on de slavery issue.<ref>[[:en:Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution#CITEREFFoner2010|Foner, 2010]], p. 59</ref> Despite de compromise, tensions between North den South continue to rise over de subsequent decade, inflamed by, among oda things, de publication of de 1852 anti-slavery novel ''Uncle Tom's Cabin''; fighting between pro-slavery den abolitionist forces insyd Kansas, beginning insyd 1854; de 1857 ''Dred Scott'' decision, wey dey struck down de Missouri Compromise den provisions of de Compromise of 1850; abolitionist John Brown's 1859 attempt to start a slave revolt at Harpers Ferry; den de 1860 election of Abraham Lincoln, who opposed allowing slavery to expand into de Western territories, to de presidency. De Southern states seceded from de Union insyd de months following Lincoln ein election, forming de Confederate States of America, wey na e begin de American Civil War.<ref>{{Cite web|date=April 4, 2017|title=The Gathering Storm: The Secession Crisis|url=https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/gathering-storm-secession-crisis|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211217210042/https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/gathering-storm-secession-crisis|archive-date=December 17, 2021|access-date=July 4, 2020|website=American Battlefield Trust}}</ref> == Proposal den ratification == === Crafting de amendment === Acting under presidential war powers, Lincoln issue de Emancipation Proclamation on September 22, 1862, plus effect on January 1, 1863, which proclaimed de freedom of slaves insyd de ten states dat e be still inyd rebellion.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Emancipation Proclamation|url=https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured_documents/emancipation_proclamation/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070607051115/https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured_documents/emancipation_proclamation/|archive-date=June 7, 2007|access-date=2013-06-27|publisher=National Archives and Records Administration}}</ref> Insyd ein State of de Union message to Congress on December 1, 1862, Lincoln sanso presented a plan for "gradual emancipation den deportation" of slaves. Dis plan envisioned three amendments to de Constitution. De first would have required de states to abolish slavery by January 1, 1900.<ref>Lind, Michael, ''What Lincoln believed. The Values and Convictions of America's Greatest President'' (2004). Anchor Books, a division of Random House, Inc. New York {{ISBN|1-4000-3073-0|978-1-4000-3073-6}}. Chapter Six ''Race and Restoration'', pp. 205–212.</ref> Lincoln ein Emancipation Proclamation then proceeded immediately freeing slaves insyd January 1863 but do not affect de status of slaves insyd de border states dat had remained loyal to de Union.<ref>[[:en:Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution#CITEREFMcPherson1988|McPherson, 1988]], p. 558</ref> By December 1863, Lincoln again used ein war powers den issued a "Proclamation for Amnesty den Reconstruction", which offered Southern states a chance to peacefully rejoin de Union if they immediately abolished slavery den collected loyalty oaths from 10% of dema voting population.<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), p. 47.</ref> Na Southern states no readily accept de deal, den de status of slavery remained uncertain. Insyd de final years of de Civil War, Union lawmakers debated various proposals for Reconstruction.<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), p. 48–51.</ref> Some of these called for a constitutional amendment to abolish slavery nationally den permanently. On December 14, 1863, a bill proposing such an amendment be introduced by Representative James Mitchell Ashley of Ohio.<ref>Leonard L. Richards, ''Who Freed the Slaves?: The Fight over the Thirteenth Amendment'' (2015) [https://www.amazon.com/Who-Freed-Slaves-Thirteenth-Amendment-ebook/dp/B00SLVOLU0/ excerpt] [https://web.archive.org/web/20160504191736/http://www.amazon.com/Who-Freed-Slaves-Thirteenth-Amendment-ebook/dp/B00SLVOLU0 Archived] May 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=James Ashley|url=http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=129|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130305102746/http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=129|archive-date=March 5, 2013|access-date=December 5, 2012|work=Ohio History Central|publisher=Ohio Historical Society}}</ref> Representative James F. Wilson of Iowa soon followed plus a similar proposal. On January 11, 1864, Senator John B. Henderson of Missouri submitted a joint resolution for a constitutional amendment abolishing slavery. De Senate Judiciary Committee, chaired by Lyman Trumbull of Illinois, become involved insyd merging different proposals for an amendment. Radical Republicans led by Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner den Pennsylvania Representative Thaddeus Stevens sought a more expansive version of de amendment.<ref>Tsesis, ''The Thirteenth Amendment and American Freedom'' (2004), (2001), pp. 38–42.</ref> On February 8, 1864, Sumner submitted a constitutional amendment stating: All persons be equal before de law, so dat no person can hold another as a slave; den de Congress shall have power to make all laws necessary den proper to carry dis declaration into effect everywhere insyd de United States.<ref>Stanley, "Instead of Waiting for the Thirteenth Amendment" (2010), pp. 741–742.</ref><ref name="SocietyCommission1901">{{cite book|author=Michigan State Historical Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yx0zAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA582|title=Historical collections|publisher=Michigan Historical Commission|year=1901|page=582|access-date=December 5, 2012}}</ref> Sumner tried to have ein amendment sent to ein committee, rather than de Judiciary Committee, controlled by Trumbull, but de Senate refused.<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), pp. 52–53. "Sumner made his intentions clearer on February 8, when he introduced his constitutional amendment to the Senate and asked that it be referred to his new committee. So desperate was he to make his amendment the final version that he challenged the well-accepted custom of sending proposed amendments to the Judiciary Committee. His Republican colleagues would hear nothing of it.</ref> On February 10, de Senate Judiciary Committee presented de Senate plus an amendment proposal based on drafts of Ashley, Wilson den Henderson.<ref>{{Cite web|title=13th Amendment Site|url=https://13thamendment.harpweek.com/hubpages/CommentaryPage.asp?Commentary=05ProposalPassage|access-date=2025-06-03|website=13thamendment.harpweek.com}}</ref><ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), p. 53. "It was no coincidence that Trumbull's announcement came only two days after Sumner had proposed his amendment making all persons 'equal before the law'. The Massachusetts senator had spurred the committee into final action."</ref> De committee ein version use text from de Northwest Ordinance of 1787, which stipulates, "There shall be neither slavery nor involuntary servitude insyd de said territory, otherwise than insyd de punishment of crimes whereof de party shall have been duly convicted."<ref>{{cite web|title=Northwest Ordinance; July 13, 1787|url=http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/nworder.asp|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110810205304/http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/nworder.asp|archive-date=August 10, 2011|access-date=February 17, 2014|work=Avalon Project|publisher=Lillian Goldman Law Library, Yale Law School}}</ref><ref name="McAward_McCulloch">{{cite journal |last=McAward |first=Jennifer Mason |date=November 2012 |title=''McCulloch'' and the Thirteenth Amendment |url=http://columbialawreview.org/mcculloch-and-the-thirteenth-amendment/ |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1769–1809 |jstor=41708164 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117030315/http://columbialawreview.org/mcculloch-and-the-thirteenth-amendment/ |archive-date=November 17, 2015 |df=mdy-all}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20150923205538/http://www.columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/1769-1810.pdf Pdf.]</ref> Though using Henderson ein proposed amendment as de basis for ein new draft, de Judiciary Committee removed language dat would have allowed a constitutional amendment to be adopted plus only a majority vote insyd each House of Congress den ratification by two-thirds of de states (instead of two-thirds den three-fourths, respectively).<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), p. 54. "Although it made Henderson's amendment the foundation of the final amendment, the committee rejected an article in Henderson's version that allowed the amendment to be adopted by the approval of only a simple majority in Congress and the ratification of only two-thirds of the states."</ref> === Passage by Congress === De Senate passed de amendment on April 8, 1864, by a vote of 38 to 6; two Democrats, Oregon Senators Benjamin F Harding den James Nesmith voted for de amendment.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Voteview {{!}} Plot Vote: 38th Congress > Senate > 134|url=https://voteview.com/rollcall/RS0380134|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126202456/https://voteview.com/rollcall/RS0380134|archive-date=November 26, 2022|access-date=2023-01-07|website=voteview.com}}</ref> However, just over two months later on June 15, de House failed to do so, plus 93 insyd favor den 65 against, thirteen votes short of de two-thirds vote needed for passage; de vote split largely along party lines, plus Republicans supporting den Democrats opposing.<ref>[[:en:Thirteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution#CITEREFGoodwin2005|Goodwin, 2005]], p. 686</ref> Insyd de 1864 presidential race, former Free Soil Party candidate John C. Frémont threatened a third-party run opposing Lincoln, dis time on a platform endorsing an anti-slavery amendment. De Republican Party platform had, as yet, failed to include a similar plank, though Lincoln endorsed de amendment insyd a letter accepting ein nomination.<ref name="Goodwin—2005——624&amp;ndash;25">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFGoodwin2005|Goodwin, 2005]], pp. 624–625</ref><ref name="Foner—2010——299">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFFoner2010|Foner, 2010]], p. 299</ref> Frémont withdrew from de race on September 22, 1864, den endorsed Lincoln.<ref name="Goodwin—2005——639">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFGoodwin2005|Goodwin, 2005]], p. 639</ref> Plus no Southern states represented, few members of Congress pushed moral den religious arguments insyd favor of slavery. Democrats who opposed de amendment generally made arguments based on federalism den states' rights.<ref>Benedict, "Constitutional Politics, Constitutional Law, and the Thirteenth Amendment" (2012), p. 179.</ref> Some argued dat de proposed change so violated de spirit of de Constitution it will not be a valid "amendment" but will instead constitute "revolution".<ref>Benedict, "Constitutional Politics, Constitutional Law, and the Thirteenth Amendment" (2012), pp. 179–180. Benedict quotes Senator Garrett Davis: "there is a boundary between the power of revolution and the power of amendment, which the latter, as established in our Constitution, cannot pass; and that if the proposed change is revolutionary it would be null and void, notwithstanding it might be formally adopted." The full text of Davis's speech, with comments from others, appears in ''[https://archive.org/stream/greatdebatesina17millgoog/greatdebatesina17millgoog_djvu.txt Great Debates in American History]'' (1918), ed. Marion Mills Miller.</ref> Representative Chilton A. White, among oda opponents, warned dat de amendment would lead to full citizenship for blacks.<ref name="Colbert, 1995 p. 10">Colbert, "Liberating the Thirteenth Amendment" (1995), pp. 10–11.</ref> Republicans portrayed slavery as uncivilized den argued for abolition as a necessary step insyd national progress.<ref>Benedict, "Constitutional Politics, Constitutional Law, and the Thirteenth Amendment" (2012), p. 182.</ref> Amendment supporters sana argue dat de slave system dey have negative effects on white people. These include de lower wages resulting from competition plus forced labor, as well as repression of abolitionist whites insyd de South. Advocates say ending slavery will restore de First Amendment den oda constitutional rights violated by censorship den intimidation insyd slave states.<ref name="Colbert, 1995 p. 10" /><ref>{{cite journal |last=tenBroek |first=Jacobus |date=June 1951 |title=Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States: Consummation to Abolition and Key to the Fourteenth Amendment |url=https://lawcat.berkeley.edu/record/1109320 |journal=California Law Review |volume=39 |issue=2 |page=180 |doi=10.2307/3478033 |jstor=3478033 |url-access=subscription |quote=''It would make it possible for white citizens to exercise their constitutional right under the comity clause to reside in Southern states regardless of their opinions. It would carry out the constitutional declaration "that each citizen of the United States shall have equal privileges in every other state". It would protect citizens in their rights under the First Amendment and comity clause to freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion and freedom of assembly''}}</ref> White, Northern Republicans den some Democrats become excited about an abolition amendment, holding meetings den issuing resolutions.<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), p. 61.</ref> Many blacks though, particularly insyd de South, focus more on land ownership den education as de key to liberation.<ref name="TreleaseXvii">Trelease, ''White Terror'' (1971), p. xvii. "Negroes wanted the same freedom that white men enjoyed, with equal prerogatives and opportunities. The educated black minority emphasized civil and political rights more than the masses, who called most of all for land and schools. In an agrarian society, the only kind most of them knew, landownership was associated with freedom, respectability, and the good life. It was almost universally desired by Southern blacks, as it was by landless peasants the world over. Give us our land and we can take care of ourselves, said a group of South Carolina Negroes to a Northern journalist in 1865; without land the old masters can hire us or starve us as they please."</ref> As slavery began to seem politically untenable, an array of Northern Democrats successively announced their support for de amendment, include Representative James Brooks,<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), p. 73. "The first notable convert was Representative James Brooks of New York, who, on the floor of Congress on February 18, 1864, declared that slavery was dying if not already dead, and that his party should stop defending the institution."</ref> Senator Reverdy Johnson,<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), p. 74. "The antislavery amendment caught Johnson's eye, however, because it offered an indisputable constitutional solution to the problem of slavery."</ref> den de powerful New York political machine known as Tammany Hall. Na President Lincoln get concerns dat de Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 might be reversed or found invalid by de judiciary after de war.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Reputation of Abraham Lincoln|url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?298113-1/reputation-abraham-lincoln|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211217210042/https://www.c-span.org/video/?298113-1%2Freputation-abraham-lincoln|archive-date=December 17, 2021|access-date=August 18, 2018|website=C-SPAN.org}}</ref> He see constitutional amendment as a more permanent solution.<ref name="Foner—2010——312&amp;ndash;14">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFFoner2010|Foner, 2010]], pp. 312–14</ref><ref name="Donald—1996——396">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald, 1996]], p. 396</ref> He had remained outwardly neutral on de amendment because he consider am politically too dangerous.<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), p. 48. "The president worried that an abolition amendment might foul the political waters. The amendments he had recommended in December 1862 had gone nowhere, mainly because they reflected an outdated program of gradual emancipation, which included compensation and colonization. Moreover, Lincoln knew that he did not have to propose amendments because others more devoted to abolition would, especially if he pointed out the vulnerability of existing emancipation legislation. He was also concerned about negative reactions from conservatives, particularly potential new recruits from the Democrats."</ref> Nonetheless, Lincoln ein 1864 election platform resolved to abolish slavery by constitutional amendment.<ref>{{cite web|author=Willis, John C.|title=Republican Party Platform, 1864|url=http://www.sewanee.edu/faculty/willis/Civil_War/documents/republican.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329015755/http://www.sewanee.edu/faculty/Willis/Civil_War/documents/republican.html|archive-date=March 29, 2013|access-date=2013-06-28|publisher=University of the South|quote=Resolved, That as slavery was the cause, and now constitutes the strength of this Rebellion, and as it must be, always and everywhere, hostile to the principles of Republican Government, justice and the National safety demand its utter and complete extirpation from the soil of the Republic; and that, while we uphold and maintain the acts and proclamations by which the Government, in its own defense, has aimed a deathblow at this gigantic evil, we are in favor, furthermore, of such an amendment to the Constitution, to be made by the people in conformity with its provisions, as shall terminate and forever prohibit the existence of Slavery within the limits of the jurisdiction of the United States.|df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|year=2004|title=1864: The Civil War Election|url=http://rmc.library.cornell.edu/vote/1864/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607064739/http://rmc.library.cornell.edu/vote/1864/index.html|archive-date=June 7, 2013|access-date=2013-06-28|work=Get Out the Vote|publisher=Cornell University|quote=Despite internal Party conflicts, Republicans rallied around a platform that supported restoration of the Union and the abolition of slavery.}}</ref> After winning reelection insyd de election of 1864, Lincoln make de passage of de Thirteenth Amendment ein top legislative priority. He begin plus ein efforts insyd Congress during ein "lame duck" session, insyd which many members of Congress had already seen their successors dey elect; most will be concerned about unemployment den lack of income, den none dey need to fear de electoral consequences of cooperation.<ref name="Goodwin—2005——686&amp;ndash;87">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFGoodwin2005|Goodwin, 2005]], pp. 686–87</ref><ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), pp. 176–177, 180.</ref> Popular support for de amendment mounted den Lincoln urged Congress on insyd ein December 6, 1864 State of de Union Address: "there is only a question of ''time'' as to when the proposed amendment will go to the States for their action. And as it is to so go, at all events, may we not agree that the sooner the better?"<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), p. 178.</ref> Na Lincoln instruct Secretary of State William H. Seward, Representative John B. Alley den odas to procure votes by any means necessary, den they promised government posts den campaign contributions to outgoing Democrats willing to switch sides.<ref name="Foner—2010——312&amp;ndash;13">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFFoner2010|Foner, 2010]], pp. 312–13</ref><ref name="Goodwin—2005——687">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFGoodwin2005|Goodwin, 2005]], p. 687</ref> Seward had a large fund for direct bribes. Ashley, who reintroduced de measure into de House, sana lobbied several Democrats to vote insyd favor of de measure.<ref name="Goodwin—2005——687&amp;ndash;689">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFGoodwin2005|Goodwin, 2005]], pp. 687–689</ref> Representative Thaddeus Stevens later commented dat "the greatest measure of the nineteenth century was passed by corruption aided and abetted by the purest man in America"; however, Lincoln ein precise role insyd making deals for votes remains unknown.<ref name="Donald—1996——554">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFDonald1996|Donald, 1996]], p. 554</ref> Republicans insyd Congress claim a mandate for abolition, having gained insyd de elections for Senate den House.<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), p. 187. "But the clearest sign of the people's voice against slavery, argued amendment supporters, was the recent election. Following Lincoln's lead, Republican representatives like Godlove S. Orth of Indiana claimed that the vote represented a 'popular verdict{{nbsp}}... in unmistakable language' in favor of the amendment."</ref> De 1864 Democratic vice-presidential nominee, Representative George H. Pendleton, dey lead opposition to de measure.<ref name="Goodwin—2005——688">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFGoodwin2005|Goodwin, 2005]], p. 688</ref> Republicans toned down their language of radical equality insyd oda to broaden de amendment ein coalition of supporters.<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), p. 191. "The necessity of keeping support for the amendment broad enough to secure its passage created a strange situation. At the moment that Republicans were promoting new, far-reaching legislation for African Americans, they had to keep this legislation detached from the first constitutional amendment dealing exclusively with African American freedom. Republicans thus gave freedom under the antislavery amendment a vague construction: freedom was something more than the absence of chattel slavery but less than absolute equality."</ref> Insyd oda to reassure critics worried dat de amendment will tear apart de social fabric, some Republicans explicitly promised de amendment will leave broader American society ein patriarchal traditions intact.<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), pp. 191–192. "One of the most effective methods used by amendment supporters to convey the measure's conservative character was to proclaim the permanence of patriarchal power within the American family in the face of this or ''any'' textual change to the Constitution. In response to Democrats who charged that the antislavery was but the first step in a Republican design to dissolve all of society's foundations, including the hierarchical structure of the family, the Iowa Republican John A. Kasson denied any desire to interfere with 'the rights of a husband to a wife' or 'the right of [a] father to his child'."</ref> Insyd mid-January 1865, Speaker of de House Schuyler Colfax dey estimate de amendment to be five votes short of passage. Ashley postponed de vote.<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), pp. 197–198.</ref> At dis point, Lincoln dey intensify ein push for de amendment, making direct emotional appeals to particular members of Congress.<ref>Vorenberg, ''Final Freedom'' (2001), p. 198. "It was at this point that the president wheeled into action on behalf of the Amendment [...] Now he became more forceful. To one representative whose brother had died in the war, Lincoln said, 'your brother died to save the Republic from death by the slaveholders' rebellion. I wish you could see it to be your duty to vote for the Constitutional amendment ending slavery.</ref> On January 31, 1865, de House called another vote on de amendment, plus neither side being certain of de outcome. Plus a total of 183 House members (one seat was vacant after Reuben Fenton be elected governor), 122 would have to vote "aye" to secure passage of de resolution; however, eight Democrats abstained, reducing the number to 117. Every Republican (84), Independent Republican (2), den Unconditional Unionist (16) supported the measure, as well as fourteen Democrats, almost all of them lame ducks, den three Unionists. De amendment finally passed by a vote of 119 to 56,<ref>{{cite web|title=TO PASS S.J. RES. 16. (p. 531-532).|url=https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/38-2/h480|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002062655/https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/38-2/h480|archive-date=October 2, 2013|access-date=September 29, 2013|work=GovTrack.us}}</ref> narrowly reaching de required two-thirds majority.<ref name="Foner—2010——313">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFFoner2010|Foner, 2010]], p. 313</ref> De House exploded into celebration, plus some members openly weeping.<ref name="Foner—2010——314">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFFoner2010|Foner, 2010]], p. 314</ref> Black onlookers, who had only been allowed to attend Congressional sessions since de previous year, cheered from de galleries.<ref name="McPherson—1988——840">[[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution#CITEREFMcPherson1988|McPherson, 1988]], p. 840</ref> While de Constitution do not provide de President any formal role insyd de amendment process, de joint resolution was sent to Lincoln for ein signature.<ref>Harrison, "Lawfulness of the Reconstruction Amendments" (2001), p. 389. "For reasons that have never been entirely clear, the amendment was presented to the President pursuant to Article I, Section 7, of the Constitution, and signed.</ref> Under de usual signatures of de Speaker of de House den de President of de Senate, President Lincoln wrote de word "Approved" den added ein signature to de joint resolution on February 1, 1865.<ref>{{cite web|date=February 1, 1865|title=Joint Resolution Submitting 13th Amendment to the States; signed by Abraham Lincoln and Congress|url=http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mal&fileName=mal3/436/4361100/malpage.db&recNum=0|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208175447/http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mal&fileName=mal3/436/4361100/malpage.db&recNum=0|archive-date=Feb 8, 2022|work=The Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress|series=Series 3. General Correspondence. 1837–1897}}</ref> On February 7, Congress passed a resolution affirming dat de Presidential signature be unnecessary.<ref>Thorpe, ''Constitutional History'' (1901), p. 154. "But many held that the President's signature was not essential to an act of this kind, and, on the fourth of February, Senator Trumbull offered a resolution, which was agreed to three days later, that the approval was not required by the Constitution; 'that it was contrary to the early decision of the Senate and of the Supreme Court; and that the negative of the President applying only to the ordinary cases of legislation, he had nothing to do with propositions to amend the Constitution.</ref> De Thirteenth Amendment was the first of two ratified amendments to be signed by a President, the second being the Twenty-Sixth Amendment, de certification of which be signed by Richard Nixon on de 5th of July 1971<ref>{{Cite web|title=The 26th Amendment|url=https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/news/26th-amendment|access-date=2024-10-31|website=Richard Nixon Museum and Library}}</ref> den plus three 18-year-olds signing on as ein witnesses,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Stephenson|first=Cassandra|title=Election Day 2018: Meet the woman who signed the amendment allowing 18-year-olds to vote|url=https://www.jacksonsun.com/story/news/local/2018/11/06/meet-woman-who-signed-amendment-allowing-18-year-olds-vote/1905213002/|access-date=2024-10-31|website=The Jackson Sun|language=en-US}}</ref> although James Buchanan had signed de Corwin Amendment dat de 36th Congress had adopted den sent to de states insyd March 1861.<ref>Thorpe, ''Constitutional History'' (1901), p. 154. "The President signed the joint resolution on the first of February. Somewhat curiously the signing has only one precedent, and that was in spirit and purpose the complete antithesis of the present act. President Buchanan had signed the proposed amendment of 1861, which would make slavery national and perpetual."</ref><ref>Lincoln's struggle to get the amendment through Congress, while bringing the war to an end, is portrayed in ''Lincoln''.</ref> === Ratification by de states === On February 1, 1865, when de proposed amendment be submitted to de states for ratification, there were 36 states insyd de U.S., wey include those dat had been insyd rebellion; at least 27 states had to ratify de amendment for it to come into force. By de end of February, 18 states had ratified de amendment. Among them were de ex-Confederate states of Virginia den Louisiana, where ratifications were submitted by Reconstruction governments. These, along plus subsequent ratifications from Arkansas den Tennessee raise de issues of how many seceded states had legally valid legislatures;<ref>Harrison (2001), ''Lawfulness of the Reconstruction Amendments'', p. 390.</ref> if there were fewer legislatures than states, if Article V required ratification by three-fourths of de states or three-fourths of de legally valid state legislatures. President Lincoln insyd ein last speech, on April 11, 1865, called de question about whether de Southern states were insyd or out of de Union a "pernicious abstraction". He declared they were not "insyd their proper practical relation plus de Union"; whence everyone ein object should be to restore dat relation.<ref>{{cite book|author=Samuel Eliot Morison|url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryof00mori|title=The Oxford History of the American People|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1965|page=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryof00mori/page/710 710]|url-access=registration}}</ref> Na dem assassinate Lincoln three days later. Plus Congress out of session, de new president, Andrew Johnson, began a period known as "Presidential Reconstruction", insyd which he personally oversaw de creation of new state governments throughout de South. He oversee de convening of state political conventions populated by delegates whom he deemed to be loyal. Three leading issues come before de conventions: secession itself, de abolition of slavery, den de Confederate war debt. Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, and South Carolina held conventions in 1865, while Texas' convention did not organize until March 1866.<ref>Harrison, "Lawfulness of the Reconstruction Amendments" (2001), pp. 394–397.</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Eric L. McKitrick|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MqL8lmT74HEC&pg=PA178|title=Andrew Johnson and Reconstruction|publisher=U. Chicago Press|year=1960|isbn=9780195057072|page=178}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Clara Mildred Thompson|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_i5shAQAAIAAJ|title=Reconstruction in Georgia: economic, social, political, 1865–1872|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=1915|page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_i5shAQAAIAAJ/page/n162 156]}}</ref> Johnson hoped to prevent deliberation over whether to re-admit de Southern states by accomplishing full ratification before Congress reconvened insyd December. He believed he could silence those who wished to deny de Southern states their place insyd de Union by pointing to how essential their assent had been to de successful ratification of de Thirteenth Amendment.<ref>Vorenberg (2001), ''Final Freedom'', pp. 227–228.</ref> Direct negotiations between state governments den de Johnson administration ensued. As de summer wear on, administration officials begin giving assurances of de measure ein limited scope their demands for ratification. Johnson einself suggest directly to de governors of Mississippi den North Carolina dat they could proactively control de allocation of rights to freedmen. Though Johnson obviously expected de freed people to enjoy at least some civil rights, include, as he specified, de right to testify insyd court, he want state lawmakers to know dat de power to confer such rights would remain plus de states.<ref name="Vorenberg, 2001 p. 229">Vorenberg (2001), ''Final Freedom'', p. 229.</ref> When South Carolina provisional governor Benjamin Franklin Perry objected to de scope of de amendment ein enforcement clause, Secretary of State Seward responded by telegraph dat insyd fact de second clause "be really restraining insyd ein effect, instead of enlarging de powers of Congress".<ref name="Vorenberg, 2001 p. 229" /> Politicians throughout de South were concerned dat Congress might cite de amendment ein enforcement powers as a way to authorize black suffrage.<ref>[[W. E. B. Du Bois|Du Bois]] (1935), ''Black Reconstruction'', p. 208.</ref> When South Carolina ratified de Amendment insyd November 1865, it issued ein own interpretive declaration dat "any attempt by Congress toward legislating upon de political status of former slaves, or their civil relations, would be contrary to de Constitution of de United States."<ref name="McAward_McCulloch" /><ref>Thorpe (1901), ''Constitutional History'', p. 210.</ref> Alabama den Louisiana sana declare dat their ratification did not imply federal power to legislate on de status of former slaves.<ref name="McAward_McCulloch" /><ref>Tsesis (2004), ''The Thirteenth Amendment and American Freedom'', p. 48.</ref> During de first week of December, North Carolina den Georgia give de amendment de final votes needed for it to become part of de Constitution. Na de first 27 states make dem ratify de Amendment be:<ref name="U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 2013 30">{{cite web|last=U.S. Government Printing Office|first=112th Congress, 2nd Session, Senate Document No. 112–9|date=2013|title=The Constitution of the United States Of America Analysis And Interpretation Centennial Edition Interim Edition: Analysis Of Cases Decided By The Supreme Court Of The United States To June 26, 2013s|url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-CONAN-2013/pdf/GPO-CONAN-2013.pdf|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140225114303/http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-CONAN-2013/pdf/GPO-CONAN-2013.pdf|archive-date=February 25, 2014|access-date=February 17, 2014|page=30}}</ref> # Illinois: February 1, 1865 # Rhode Island: February 2, 1865 # Michigan: February 3, 1865 # Maryland: February 3, 1865 # New York: February 3, 1865 # Pennsylvania: February 3, 1865 # West Virginia: February 3, 1865 # Missouri: February 6, 1865 # Maine: February 7, 1865 # Kansas: February 7, 1865 # Massachusetts: February 7, 1865 # Virginia: February 9, 1865 # Ohio: February 10, 1865 # Indiana: February 13, 1865 # Nevada: February 16, 1865 # Louisiana: February 17, 1865 # Minnesota: February 23, 1865 # Wisconsin: February 24, 1865 # Vermont: March 9, 1865 # Tennessee: April 7, 1865 # Arkansas: April 14, 1865 # Connecticut: May 4, 1865 # New Hampshire: July 1, 1865 # South Carolina: November 13, 1865 # Alabama: December 2, 1865 # North Carolina: December 4, 1865 # Georgia: December 6, 1865 Having been ratified by de legislatures of three-fourths of de states (27 of de 36 states, include those dat had been insyd rebellion), Secretary of State Seward, on December 18, 1865, certified dat de Thirteenth Amendment had become valid, to all intents den purposes, as a part of de Constitution.<ref>[http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=013/llsl013.db&recNum=803 Seward certificate] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210318085717/http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=013%2Fllsl013.db&recNum=803 Archived] March 18, 2021, at the Wayback Machine proclaiming the Thirteenth Amendment to have been adopted as part of the Constitution as of December 6, 1865.</ref> Included on de enrolled list of ratifying states were de three ex-Confederate states dat had given their assent, but plus strings attached. Seward accepted their affirmative votes den brushed aside their interpretive declarations without comment, challenge or acknowledgment. De Thirteenth Amendment be subsequently ratified by de other states, as follows:<ref name="U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 2013 30" /> # Oregon: December 8, 1865 # California: December 19, 1865 # Florida: December 28, 1865 (reaffirmed June 9, 1868) # Iowa: January 15, 1866 # New Jersey: January 23, 1866 (after rejection March 16, 1865) # Texas: February 18, 1870 # Delaware: February 12, 1901 (after rejection February 8, 1865) # Kentucky: March 18, 1976<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.kentucky.com/2013/02/23/2528807/kentucky-supported-lincolns-efforts.html|title=Kentucky supported Lincoln's efforts to abolish slavery—111 years late|access-date=February 17, 2014|first=Greg|last=Kocher|newspaper=Lexington Herald-Leader|date=February 23, 2013|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140220035343/http://www.kentucky.com/2013/02/23/2528807/kentucky-supported-lincolns-efforts.html|archive-date=February 20, 2014}}</ref> (after rejection February 24, 1865) # Mississippi: March 16, 1995 (after rejection December 5, 1865; not certified until February 7,2013)<ref name="Mississippi13thAmendmentABCNews">{{cite web|author=Ben Waldron|date=February 18, 2013|title=Mississippi Officially Abolishes Slavery, Ratifies 13th Amendment|url=https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2013/02/mississippi-officially-abolishes-slavery-ratifies-13th-amendment/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130627203637/https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/headlines/2013/02/mississippi-officially-abolishes-slavery-ratifies-13th-amendment/|archive-date=June 27, 2013|access-date=April 23, 2013|publisher=ABC News}}</ref> Plus de ratification by Mississippi insyd 1995, den certification thereof insyd 2013, de amendment be finally ratified by all states having existed at de time of ein adoption insyd 1865. == Effects == === Freeing slaves === De immediate impact of de amendment was to make de entire pre-war system of chattel slavery insyd de U.S. illegal.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Greene |first1=Jamal |last2=Mason McAward |first2=Jennifer |title=Constitutional Law. Thirteenth Amendment. |url=https://constitutioncenter.org/interactive-constitution/interpretation/amendment-xiii/interps/137#:~:text=The%201865%20ratification%20of%20the,in%20the%20southern%20United%20States. |url-status=live |volume=55 |doi=10.2307/1071811 |jstor=1071811 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230082441/https://constitutioncenter.org/interactive-constitution/interpretation/amendment-xiii/interps/137#:~:text=The%201865%20ratification%20of%20the,in%20the%20southern%20United%20States. |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |access-date=2020-07-04 |website=National Constitution Center}}</ref> De impact of the abolition of slavery was felt quickly. When de Thirteenth Amendment became operational, de scope of Lincoln ein 1863 Emancipation Proclamation was widened to include de entire nation. Although de majority of Kentucky ein slaves had been emancipated, 65,000–100,000 people remain to be legally freed when de amendment went into effect on December 18.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Harrison|first=Lowell H.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FdTIIEZ1k2QC&pg=PA180|title=A New History of Kentucky|last2=Klotter|first2=James C.|date=1997-03-27|publisher=University Press of Kentucky|isbn=978-0-8131-2621-0|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Forehand82">Forehand, "Striking Resemblance" (1996), p. 82.</ref> Insyd Delaware, where a large number of slaves had escaped during de war, nine hundred people become legally free.<ref name="Forehand82" /><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|year=2011|title=Delaware|encyclopedia=Black America: A State-by-State Historical Encyclopedia|publisher=ABC-CLIO|editor-first=Alan|editor-last=Hornsby|page=139|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fB3rQefP8wQC&q=%22thirteenth+amendment%22+Delaware+hundred&pg=PA139|isbn=9781573569767}}</ref> == References == <references /> === Bibliography === * {{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/legalunderstandi0000unse/mode/2up|title=The Legal Understanding of Slavery: From the Historical to the Contemporary|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2012|isbn=978-0199660469|editor-last=Allain|editor-first=Jean|editor-link=|location=Oxford, UK}} * {{cite book|last=Belz|first=Herman|url=https://archive.org/details/emancipationequa0000belz|title=Emancipation and Equal Rights: Politics and Constitutionalism in the Civil War Era|publisher=W.W. Norton|year=1978|location=New York|url-access=registration}} * {{cite journal |last=Benedict |first=Michael L. |date=2011 |title=Constitutional Politics, Constitutional Law, and the Thirteenth Amendment |url=http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/mlr/vol71/iss1/9/ |journal=Maryland Law Review |publisher=University of Maryland School of Law |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=163–188}} [http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3535&context=mlr Pdf.] * {{cite book|last=Blackmon|first=Douglas A.|url=https://archive.org/details/slaverybyanother00blac_0|title=Slavery by Another Name: The Re-Enslavement of Black Americans from the Civil War to World War II|date=March 25, 2008|publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group|isbn=9780385506250}} [[iarchive:slaverybyanother00blac_0|Preview.]] * {{cite journal |last=Colbert |first=Douglas L. |date=Winter 1995 |title=Liberating the Thirteenth Amendment |url=https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/fac_pubs/384/ |journal=Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review |publisher=Harvard Law School |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=1–55}} * {{cite book|last=Cramer|first=Clayton E.|url=https://archive.org/details/blackdemographic00clay|title=Black Demographic Data, 1790–1860: A Sourcebook|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=1997|isbn=9780313302435|ref=Cramer}} * {{cite book|last=Donald|first=David Herbert|title=Lincoln|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=1996|isbn=9780684825359}}<!--|access-date=June 5, 2013--> [https://books.google.com/books?id=fuTY3mxs9awC Preview.] * {{cite book|last=Du Bois|first=W.E.B.|url=https://archive.org/details/blackreconstruct0000dubo|title=Black Reconstruction: An Essay Toward a History of the Part Which Black Folk Played in the Attempt to Reconstruct Democracy in America, 1860–1880'|publisher=New York: Russell & Russell|year=1935|oclc=317424|author-link=W. E. B. Du Bois|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Foner|first=Eric|title=The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery|url=https://archive.org/details/fierytrialabraha0000fone|publisher=W. W. Norton|year=2010|isbn=9780393066180}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=earytjxi6pEC Preview.] * {{cite journal |last=Goluboff |first=Risa L. |date=April 2001 |title=The Thirteenth Amendment and the Lost Origins of Civil Rights |url=https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1116&context=dlj |journal=Duke Law Journal |publisher=Duke University School of Law |volume=50 |issue=6 |pages=1609–1685 |doi=10.2307/1373044 |jstor=1373044 |url-access=subscription}} [http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1116&context=dlj Pdf.] * {{cite book|last=Goldstone|first=Lawrence|url=https://archive.org/details/inherentlyunequa0000gold|title=Inherently Unequal: The Betrayal of Equal Rights by the Supreme Court, 1865–1903|publisher=Walker & Company|year=2011|isbn=9780802717924|url-access=registration}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=r3CTEefvbQUC Preview.] * {{cite book|last=Goodwin|first=Doris Kearns|url=https://archive.org/details/teamofrivalspoli00good|title=Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=2005|isbn=9780743270755|url-access=registration}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=ONhhui9SRsMC Preview.] * {{cite journal |last=Harrison |first=John |date=Spring 2001 |title=The Lawfulness of the Reconstruction Amendments |url=http://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5087&context=uclrev |journal=University of Chicago Law Review |publisher=University of Chicago Law School |volume=68 |issue=2 |pages=375–462 |doi=10.2307/1600377 |jstor=1600377 |url-access=subscription}} * Heriot, Gail & Somin, Alison, [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2891118 Sleeping Giant?: Section Two of the Thirteenth Amendment, Hate Crimes Legislation, and Academia's Favorite New Vehicle for the Expansion of Federal Power], 13 Engage 31 (October 2012). * {{cite book|last=Kachun|first=Mitch|title=Festivals of Freedom: Memory and Meaning in African American Emancipation Celebrations, 1808–1915|url=https://archive.org/details/festivalsoffreed0000kach|year=2003}} [[iarchive:festivalsoffreed0000kach|Preview.]] * {{cite book|last=Maltz|first=Earl M.|title=Slavery and the Supreme Court, 1825–1861|url=https://archive.org/details/slaverysupremeco0000malt|publisher=University Press of Kansas|year=2009|isbn=978-0700-61666-4|location=Lawrence}} [[iarchive:slaverysupremeco0000malt|Preview.]] * {{Cite journal |last=McAward |first=Jennifer Mason |date=2010 |title=The scope of Congress's Thirteenth Amendment enforcement power after ''City of Boerne v. Flores'' |url=http://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_lawreview/vol88/iss1/2/ |journal=Washington University Law Review |publisher=Washington University School of Law |volume=88 |issue=1 |pages=77–147}} [http://openscholarship.wustl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1026&context=law_lawreview Pdf.] :* ''Response to McAward:'' {{cite journal |last=Tsesis |first=Alexander |date=2011 |title=Congressional authority to interpret the Thirteenth Amendment |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/mllr71&div=7&id=&page= |journal=Maryland Law Review |publisher=University of Maryland School of Law |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=40–59 |ssrn=1753224}} [http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3532&context=mlr Pdf.] ::* ''Response to Tsesis:'' {{Cite journal |last=McAward |first=Jennifer Mason |date=2011 |title=Congressional authority to interpret the Thirteenth Amendment: a response to Professor Tsesis |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/mllr71&div=8&id=&page= |journal=Maryland Law Review |publisher=University of Maryland School of Law |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=60–82 |ssrn=2271791}} [http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3533&context=mlr Pdf.] * {{cite journal |last=McConnell |first=Joyce E. |date=Spring 1992 |title=Beyond metaphor: battered women, involuntary servitude and the Thirteenth Amendment |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/yjfem4&div=23&id=&page= |journal=Yale Journal of Law and Feminism |publisher=Yale Law School |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=207–253}} [http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1062&context=yjlf Pdf.] * {{cite book|last=McPherson|first=James M.|url=https://archive.org/details/battlecryoffreed00mcph|title=Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1988|isbn=9780195038637}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=a3nX48n4oeIC Preview.] * {{cite book|last=Novak|first=Daniel A.|url=https://archive.org/details/wheelofservitude00dani|title=The Wheel of Servitude: Black Forced Labor after Slavery|publisher=University Press of Kentucky|year=1978|isbn=0813113717|location=Kentucky}} * {{cite book|last=Richards|first=Leonard L.|title=Who Freed the Slaves?: The Fight over the Thirteenth Amendment|url=https://archive.org/details/whofreedslavesfi0000rich|year=2015}} [https://www.amazon.com/Who-Freed-Slaves-Thirteenth-Amendment-ebook/dp/B00SLVOLU0/ Excerpt.] Emphasis on the role of Congressman James Ashley. * Samito, Christian G., ''Lincoln and the Thirteenth Amendment'' (Southern Illinois University Press, 2015) xii, 171 pp. * {{cite journal |last=Stanley |first=Amy Dru |date=June 2010 |title=Instead of waiting for the Thirteenth Amendment: the war power, slave marriage, and inviolate human rights |journal=The American Historical Review |publisher=Oxford Journals for the American Historical Association |volume=115 |issue=3 |pages=732–765 |doi=10.1086/ahr.115.3.732 |jstor=10.1086/ahr.115.3.732 |doi-access=free}} [https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20190412042254/https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article-abstract/115/3/732/41294?redirectedFrom=PDF Pdf.] * {{cite journal |last=tenBroek |first=Jacobus |date=June 1951 |title=Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States: Consummation to Abolition and Key to the Fourteenth Amendment |url=https://lawcat.berkeley.edu/record/1109320 |journal=California Law Review |publisher=California Law Review, Inc. |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=171–203 |doi=10.2307/3478033 |jstor=3478033 |url-access=subscription}} * {{cite web|last=Thorpe|first=Francis Newton|date=1901|title=The Constitutional History of the United States, vol. 3: 1861–1895|url=https://archive.org/stream/constitutionalh00thorgoog|url-status=live|location=Chicago}} * {{cite book|last=Trelease|first=Allen W.|url=https://archive.org/details/whiteterrorkuklu0000trel/page/n5/mode/2up|title=White Terror: The Ku Klux Klan Conspiracy and Southern Reconstruction|publisher=Harper & Row|year=1971|isbn=9780807119532|location=New York|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Tsesis|first=Alexander|title=The Thirteenth Amendment and American freedom: a legal history|url=https://archive.org/details/thirteenthamendm0000tses|publisher=New York University Press|year=2004|isbn=0814782760|location=New York}} * {{cite book|last1=Vicino|first1=Thomas J.|title=Global Migration The Basics|url=https://archive.org/details/globalmigrationb0000hanl|last2=Hanlon|first2=Bernadette|publisher=Routledge|year=2014|isbn=9781134696871|ref=Hanlon}} * {{cite book|last=Vorenberg|first=Michael|title=Final Freedom: The Civil War, the Abolition of Slavery, and the Thirteenth Amendment|url=https://archive.org/details/finalfreedomcivi0000vore|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2001|isbn=9781139428002|location=Cambridge}} [[iarchive:finalfreedomcivi0000vore/page/n7/mode/2up|Preview.]] * {{cite journal |last=Barrington Wolff |first=Tobias |date=May 2002 |title=The Thirteenth Amendment and Slavery in the Global Economy |url=https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3712&context=faculty_scholarship |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=102 |issue=4 |pages=973–1050 |doi=10.2307/1123649 |jstor=1123649 |s2cid=155279033 |url-access=subscription}} * {{cite book|last=Wood|first=Gordon S|url=https://archive.org/details/empireoflibertyh00wood|title=Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789–1815|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2010|isbn=9780195039146|ref=Wood}}, [[iarchive:empireoflibertyh00wood|Book]] '''''Maryland Law Review'', special issue: Symposium—the Maryland Constitutional Law Schmooze''' * {{cite journal |last=Garber |first=Mark A. |date=2011 |title=Foreword: Plus or minus one: the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/mllr71&div=5&id=&page= |journal=Maryland Law Review |publisher=University of Maryland School of Law |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=12–20}} [http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3530&context=mlr Pdf.] * {{cite journal |last=Carter |first=William M. Jr. |date=2011 |title=The Thirteenth Amendment, interest convergence, and the badges and incidents of slavery |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/mllr71&div=6&id=&page= |journal=Maryland Law Review |publisher=University of Maryland School of Law |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=21–39 |ssrn=1932762}} [http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3531&context=mlr Pdf.] * {{cite journal |last=Tsesis |first=Alexander |date=2011 |title=Congressional authority to interpret the Thirteenth Amendment |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/mllr71&div=7&id=&page= |journal=Maryland Law Review |publisher=University of Maryland School of Law |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=40–59 |ssrn=1753224}} [http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3532&context=mlr Pdf.] * {{Cite journal |last=McAward |first=Jennifer Mason |date=2011 |title=Congressional authority to interpret the Thirteenth Amendment: a response to Professor Tsesis |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/mllr71&div=8&id=&page= |journal=Maryland Law Review |publisher=University of Maryland School of Law |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=60–82 |ssrn=2271791}} [http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3533&context=mlr Pdf.] * {{Cite journal |last=McClain |first=Linda C. |date=2011 |title=Involuntary servitude, public accommodations laws, and the legacy of Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/mllr71&div=9&id=&page= |journal=Maryland Law Review |publisher=University of Maryland School of Law |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=83–162 |ssrn=2188939}} [http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3534&context=mlr Pdf.] * {{Cite journal |last=Benedict |first=Michael Les |date=2011 |title=Constitutional politics, constitutional law, and the Thirteenth Amendment |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/mllr71&div=10&id=&page= |journal=Maryland Law Review |publisher=University of Maryland School of Law |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=163–188}} [http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3535&context=mlr Pdf.] * {{Cite journal |last=Pope |first=James Gray |date=2011 |title=What's different about the Thirteenth Amendment, and why does it matter? |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/mllr71&div=11&id=&page= |journal=Maryland Law Review |publisher=University of Maryland School of Law |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=189–202 |ssrn=1894965}} [http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3536&context=mlr Pdf.] * {{Cite journal |last=Novkov |first=Julie |date=2011 |title=The Thirteenth Amendment and the meaning of familial bonds |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/mllr71&div=12&id=&page= |journal=Maryland Law Review |publisher=University of Maryland School of Law |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=203–228}} [http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3537&context=mlr Pdf.] * {{Cite journal |last=Kersch |first=Ken I. |date=2011 |title=Beyond originalism: conservative declarationism and constitutional redemption |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/mllr71&div=13&id=&page= |journal=Maryland Law Review |publisher=University of Maryland School of Law |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=229–282}} [http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3538&context=mlr Pdf.] * {{Cite journal |last=Zietlow |first=Rebecca E. I. |date=2011 |title=Conclusion: the political Thirteenth Amendment |url=http://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/mllr71&div=14&id=&page= |journal=Maryland Law Review |publisher=University of Maryland School of Law |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=283–294 |ssrn=2000929}} [http://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3539&context=mlr Pdf.] '''''Columbia Law Review'', special issue: Symposium: The Thirteenth Amendment: Meaning, Enforcement, and Contemporary Implications''' * ''Introduction'' :* {{cite journal |last=Tsesis |first=Alexander |date=November 2012 |title=Into the light of day: relevance of the Thirteenth Amendment to contemporary law |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117024639/http://columbialawreview.org/into-the-light-of-day/ |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1447–1458 |jstor=41708155 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117024639/https://web.archive.org/web/20151117024639/http://columbialawreview.org/into-the-light-of-day/ |archive-date=2015-11-17}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20151117015649/http://columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/1447-1458.pdf Pdf.] * ''Panel I: Thirteenth Admendment in Context'' :* {{cite journal |last1=Balkin |first1=Jack M. |last2=Levinson |first2=Sanford |date=November 2012 |title=The dangerous Thirteenth Amendment |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117030325/http://columbialawreview.org/the-dangerous-thirteenth-amendment/ |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1459–1499 |jstor=41708156 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117030325/https://web.archive.org/web/20151117030325/http://columbialawreview.org/the-dangerous-thirteenth-amendment/ |archive-date=2015-11-17}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20151117030331/http://columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/1459-1500.pdf Pdf.] :* {{cite journal |last=Graber |first=Mark A. |date=November 2012 |title=Subtraction by addition?: The Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117030319/http://columbialawreview.org/subtraction-by-addition-the-thirteenth-and-fourteenth-amendments/ |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1501–1549 |jstor=41708157 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117030319/https://web.archive.org/web/20151117030319/http://columbialawreview.org/subtraction-by-addition-the-thirteenth-and-fourteenth-amendments/ |archive-date=2015-11-17}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20150610203113/http://www.columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/1501-1550.pdf Pdf.] :* {{cite journal |last=Rutherglen |first=George |date=November 2012 |title=The Thirteenth Amendment, the power of Congress, and the shifting sources of civil rights law |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117063232/http://columbialawreview.org/the-thirteenth-amendment-the-power-of-congress-and-the-shifting-sources-of-civil-rights-law/ |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1551–1584 |jstor=41708158 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117063232/https://web.archive.org/web/20151117063232/http://columbialawreview.org/the-thirteenth-amendment-the-power-of-congress-and-the-shifting-sources-of-civil-rights-law/ |archive-date=2015-11-17}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20151117021725/http://columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/1551-1584.pdf Pdf.] * ''Panel II: Reconstruction Revisited'' :* {{cite journal |last=Foner |first=Eric |date=November 2012 |title=The Supreme Court and the history of reconstruction—and vice-versa |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117015834/http://columbialawreview.org/the-supreme-court-and-the-history-of-reconstruction-and-vice-versa/ |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1585–1606 |jstor=41708159 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117015834/https://web.archive.org/web/20151117015834/http://columbialawreview.org/the-supreme-court-and-the-history-of-reconstruction-and-vice-versa/ |archive-date=2015-11-17}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20151117015028/http://columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/1585-1606.pdf Pdf.] :* {{cite journal |last=Soifer |first=Aviam |date=November 2012 |title=Federal protection, paternalism, and the virtually forgotten prohibition of voluntary peonage |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117015332/http://columbialawreview.org/federal-protection-paternalism-and-the-virtually-forgotten-prohibition-of-voluntary-peonage/ |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1607–1639 |jstor=41708160 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117015332/https://web.archive.org/web/20151117015332/http://columbialawreview.org/federal-protection-paternalism-and-the-virtually-forgotten-prohibition-of-voluntary-peonage/ |archive-date=2015-11-17}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20140316183615/http://www.columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/1607-1640.pdf Pdf.] :* {{cite journal |last=Tsesis |first=Alexander |date=November 2012 |title=Gender discrimination and the Thirteenth Amendment |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141128003532/http://columbialawreview.org/gender-discrimination-and-the-thirteenth-amendment/ |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1641–1695 |jstor=41708161 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141128003532/https://web.archive.org/web/20141128003532/http://columbialawreview.org/gender-discrimination-and-the-thirteenth-amendment/ |archive-date=November 28, 2014}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20151117023921/http://columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/1641-1696.pdf Pdf.] :* {{cite journal |last=Zietlow |first=Rebecca E. |date=November 2012 |title=James Ashley's Thirteenth Amendment |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117023749/http://columbialawreview.org/james-ashley-thirteenth-amendment/ |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1697–1731 |jstor=41708162 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117023749/https://web.archive.org/web/20151117023749/http://columbialawreview.org/james-ashley-thirteenth-amendment/ |archive-date=2015-11-17}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20151117030329/http://columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/1697-1732.pdf Pdf.] * ''Panel III: The Limits of Authority'' :* {{cite journal |last=Greene |first=Jamal |date=Nov 2012 |title=Thirteenth Amendment optimism |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150107063310/http://columbialawreview.org/thirteenth-amendment-optimism |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1733–1768 |jstor=41708163 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150107063310/http://columbialawreview.org/thirteenth-amendment-optimism |archive-date=2015-01-07}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20151117023919/http://columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/1733-1768.pdf Pdf.] :* {{cite journal |last=McAward |first=Jennifer Mason |date=November 2012 |title=''McCulloch'' and the Thirteenth Amendment |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117030315/http://columbialawreview.org/mcculloch-and-the-thirteenth-amendment/ |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1769–1809 |jstor=41708164 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117030315/https://web.archive.org/web/20151117030315/http://columbialawreview.org/mcculloch-and-the-thirteenth-amendment/ |archive-date=November 17, 2015 |df=mdy-all}} (link: [https://web.archive.org/web/20150923205538/http://www.columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/1769-1810.pdf Pdf]) :* {{cite journal |last=Miller |first=Darrell A.H. |date=November 2012 |title=The Thirteenth Amendment and the regulation of custom |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117063516/http://columbialawreview.org/regulation-of-custom |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1811–1854 |jstor=41708165 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117063516/http://columbialawreview.org/regulation-of-custom |archive-date=2015-11-17}} (link: [https://web.archive.org/web/20151117063353/http://columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Miller-D.A.H..pdf Pdf]) * ''Panel IV: Contemporary Implications'' :* {{cite journal |last=Carter |first=William M. Jr. |date=November 2012 |title=The Thirteenth Amendment and pro-equality speech |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1855–1881 |jstor=41708166 |ssrn=2166859}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20151117021729/http://columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Carter-W.M..pdf Pdf.] :* {{cite journal |last=Delgado |first=Richard |date=November 2012 |title=Four reservations on civil rights reasoning by analogy: the case of Latinos and other Nonblack groups |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115164847/http://www.columbialawreview.org/four-reservations-on-civil-rights-reasoning-by-analogy/ |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1883–1915 |jstor=41708167 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115164847/http://www.columbialawreview.org/four-reservations-on-civil-rights-reasoning-by-analogy/ |archive-date=2013-01-15}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20151117024114/http://columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/1883-1916.pdf Pdf.] :* {{cite journal |last=Koppelman |first=Andrew |date=November 2012 |title=Originalism, abortion, and the Thirteenth Amendment |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115140706/http://www.columbialawreview.org/originalism-abortion-and-the-thirteenth-amendment |url-status=dead |journal=Columbia Law Review |publisher=Columbia Law School |volume=112 |issue=7 |pages=1917–1945 |jstor=41708168 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115140706/http://www.columbialawreview.org/originalism-abortion-and-the-thirteenth-amendment |archive-date=2013-01-15}} (link: [https://web.archive.org/web/20141029130128/http://www.columbialawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/1917-1946.pdf Pdf]) ==Read further== * Ripley, C. Peter et al., eds. (1993). [https://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=37435583 ''Witness for Freedom: African American Voices on Race, Slavery, and Emancipation'']; [https://web.archive.org/web/20110816095051/http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=37435583 Archived] August 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q175613|c=Category:Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/13thamendment.html Thirteenth Amendment and related resources at the Library of Congress] * [https://www.law.cornell.edu/anncon/html/amdt13toc_user.html CRS Annotated Constitution: Thirteenth Amendment] * [http://www.footnote.com/viewer.php?image=4346710 Original Document Proposing Abolition of Slavery] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20040723201255/http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/crim/model_state_law.pdf Model State Anti-trafficking Criminal Statute—U.S. Dept of Justice] * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20210421092632/http://www.sethkaller.com/freedomdocuments/13th-amendment/ Abolishing Slavery: The Thirteenth Amendment Signed by Abraham Lincoln]"; website of Seth Kaller, a dealer who has sold six Lincoln-signed copies of the Thirteenth Amendment. * [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=013/llsl013.db&recNum=803 Seward certificate] announcing the Amendment's passage and affirming the existence of 36 States * [http://www.aleksandreia.com/2012/05/07/when-was-the-thirteenth-amendment-ratified/ When Was The Thirteenth Amendment Ratified?] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210312092343/http://www.aleksandreia.com/2012/05/07/when-was-the-thirteenth-amendment-ratified/ Archived] March 12, 2021, at the Wayback Machine. {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:13}} [[Category:Reconstruction Amendments]] [[Category:1865 insyd American politics]] [[Category:1865 insyd American law|Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution]] [[Category:Amendments to de United States Constitution|13]] [[Category:Economic history of de United States]] [[Category:Reconstruction Era]] [[Category:Aftermath of de American Civil War]] [[Category:Forced labour by country]] [[Category:United States slavery law]] [[Category:1864 insyd American law]] [[Category:1864 insyd American politics]] [[Category:Schuyler Colfax]] 759ebv287vd9pldsk8r2mgf9y43y4w2 0 15799 112476 59368 2026-09-25T00:45:26Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112476 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Na '''Ghana''' be de first African country wey be colonised by European powers make e achieve independence under majority rule. During de first three years after independence, from 1957 to 1960, na Ghana be a Commonwealth realm<ref>Mara Malagodi, Luke McDonagh and Thomas Poole. [https://academic.oup.com/icon/article/17/4/1283/5710826 "The Dominion model of transitional constitutionalism."] ''International Journal of Constitutional Law.'' '''17:4''' (October 2019) p. 1284 n 7. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1093/icon/moz083|10.1093/icon/moz083]]</ref> plus a Westminster system of government wey na Elizabeth II, de British monarch, serve as Queen of Ghana. Although na de country sam times be referred to as de Dominion of Ghana during dis period, na e never hold de formal status of Dominion within de British Empire. De country wey na cam turn de independent state of [[Ghana]] be for de date of independence dem make up of four separate territories plus different statuses insyd British law: de [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast Colony]] (dem found insyd 1821); [[Asante Empire|Ashanti]] (a "protectorate" from 1896 den a "colony" from 1901); [[British Togoland]] (a UN Trust Territory, formerly a League of Nations Mandate); den de [[Northern Territories of the Gold Coast|Northern Territories]] (a "protectorate").<ref>[[doi:10.1111/j.1468-2230.1957.tb00448.x|"A.S. de Smith (1957) 'The Independence of Ghana', Modern Law Review, 20:4, 347-363"]]. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1111/j.1468-2230.1957.tb00448.x|10.1111/j.1468-2230.1957.tb00448.x]].</ref> Within de legal regime dem establish by de British Nationality Act 1948 (entry into force, 1 January 1949), den related legislation, na dem deem all British colonies under United Kingdom law make dem be "within de crown ein dominions". Na dis status continue after independence within de Commonwealth, so long as de new state continue dey recognise de same person wey na de British monarch be as ein head of state.<ref name="Fransman's British Nationality Law, chapter 3.3">{{cite web|title=Fransman's British Nationality Law, chapter 3.3|url=https://www.bloomsburyprofessional.com/uk/fransmans-british-nationality-law-9781845920951/}}</ref> From de date of entry into force of de [[Ghana Independence Act 1957]] on 6 March 1957 na de new state of Ghana cam be wat be insyd British law dem term an "independent Commonwealth country". Na e remain "within de crown ein dominions" til 1 July 1960, wen na e cam be de [[Ghana|Republic of Ghana]] wey na de Queen cease to be head of state. Na de Republic of Ghana remain within de Commonwealth, though no longer be "within de crown ein dominions".<ref>{{cite web|title=Fransman's British Nationality Law, catalogue entry on Ghana|url=https://www.bloomsburyprofessional.com/uk/fransmans-british-nationality-law-9781845920951/}}</ref> During de period from 1957 to 1960, na [[Kwame Nkrumah]] hold office as prime minister (den head of government). Na de monarch ein constitutional roles as head of state mostly be delegated to de Governor-General of Ghana. Na de governors-general wey dey follow hold office: # Charles Noble Arden-Clarke (6 March – 24 June 1957) # William Francis Hare, 5th Earl of Listowel (24 June 1957 – 1 July 1960) Dey follow de creation of a republic by de 1960 Ghanaian constitutional referendum, na Nkrumah win de presidential election wey he cam turn de first [[President of Ghana|Presido of Ghana]]. Ghana never hold de legal status of "Dominion" within de British Empire, a status dem give to self-governing colonies (given legislative independence by de Statute of Westminster 1931), wey dey include [[Canada]], [[Australia]], New Zealand, den [[South Africa]]; as well as [[India]] den Pakistan from 15 August 1947, one month after dema independence, den Ceylon for a few months of 1948. Na de status of Dominion cease to exist insyd ein previous form from 1949, as de former Dominions cam turn "independent Commonwealth countries"; however, na de term continue to be used for thirty years, wey na Nkrumah demand Dominion status for de Gold Coast insyd 1951, as one stage insyd de negotiations for independence.<ref>[[doi:10.1080/03086539908583064|"W. David McIntyre (1999) 'The Strange Death of Dominion Status', The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, 27:2, 193-212"]]. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/03086539908583064|10.1080/03086539908583064]].</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == * {{cite web|title=Ghana: Polity Style: 1957-2017|url=http://www.archontology.org/nations/ghana/01_polity.php|access-date=2017-01-26|website=Archontology.org}} * {{cite web|title=Ghana: Heads of State: 1957-1960|url=http://www.archontology.org/nations/ghana/00_1957_1960_s.php|access-date=2017-01-26|website=Archontology.org}} * {{cite web|title=Ghana: Governors-General: 1957-1960|url=http://www.archontology.org/nations/ghana/00_1957_1960_gg.php|access-date=2017-01-26|website=Archontology.org}} * {{cite web|title=CONSTITUTIONAL LAW OF GHANA|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304033011/http://www.francisbennion.com/pdfs/fb/1962/1962-001-074-ghana-pt1-ch2.pdf|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304033011/https://web.archive.org/web/20160304033011/http://www.francisbennion.com/pdfs/fb/1962/1962-001-074-ghana-pt1-ch2.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-04|access-date=2017-01-26|website=Francisbennion.com}} [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1957]] [[Category:States den territories dem disestablish insyd 1960]] [[Category:Former Commonwealth realms|Ghana]] [[Category:Ghana den de Commonwealth of Nations]] [[Category:Ghanaian monarchy]] [[Category:Ghana–United Kingdom relations|Monarchy]] [[Category:Government of Ghana]] [[Category:Politics of Ghana]] [[Category:1957 establishments insyd Ghana]] [[Category:1960 disestablishments insyd Ghana]] hyi38bah9ktx8j9vyglbv9nocjgxurl 0 16044 112439 62393 2026-09-24T23:30:31Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112439 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''African-American Vernacular English''' ('''AAVE''') be de variety of English dem natively dey speak, particularly insyd urban communities, by chaw working- den middle-class African Americans den sam Black Canadians.<ref>[[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFEdwards2004|Edwards (2004)]], p. 383.</ref> E get ein own unique grammatical, vocabulary, den accent features, AAVE be employed by middle-class Black Americans as de more informal den casual end of a sociolinguistic continuum. However, insyd formal speaking contexts, speakers tend make dem switch to more standard English grammar den vocabulary, usually while dem dey retain elements of de vernacular (non-standard) accent.<ref>[[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFRickford2015|Rickford (2015)]], pp. 302, 310.</ref><ref>[[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFSpears2015|Spears (2015)]].</ref> AAVE be widespread thru out de [[United States]], buh e no be de native dialect of all African Americans, nor all of ein speakers be African American.<ref>[[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFWheeler1999|Wheeler (1999)]], p. 55.</ref><ref name="pbs.org">{{Cite web|title=Do you speak American?: African American English|url=https://www.pbs.org/speak/seatosea/americanvarieties/AAVE/hooked/|url-status=live|website=PBS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Benor |first=Sarah Bunin |date=19 April 2010 |title=Ethnolinguistic repertoire: Shifting the analytic focus in language and ethnicity |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227643721 |journal=Journal of Sociolinguistics |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=159–183 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-9841.2010.00440.x}}</ref> Like chaw varieties of African-American English, African-American Vernacular English dey share a large portion of ein grammar den phonology plus de regional dialects of de Southern United States,<ref>[[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFMcWhorter2001|McWhorter (2001)]], p. 179.</ref> den especially older Southern American English,<ref>[[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFThomas2006|Thomas (2006)]], pp. 16, 19–20.</ref> secof de historical enslavement of African Americans primarily insyd dat region. Mainstream linguists dey see only minor parallels between AAVE, West African languages, den English-based creole languages,<ref>[[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFWardhaugh2002|Wardhaugh (2002)]], p. 341.</ref><ref>[[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFPoplack2000|Poplack (2000),]] p. ?.</ref><ref>[[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFPoplackTagliamonte2001|Poplack & Tagliamonte (2001)]], p. ?.</ref><ref>See [[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFHoweWalker2000|Howe & Walker (2000)]] for more information</ref> instead most directly wey dey trace back AAVE to diverse non-standard dialects of English<ref>The Oakland school board's resolution "was about a perfectly ordinary variety of English spoken by a large and diverse population of Americans of African descent. .&nbsp;.&nbsp;. [E]ssentially all linguists agree that what the Oakland board was dealing with is a dialect of English."</ref><ref>[[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFMcWhorter2001|McWhorter (2001)]], pp. 162, 185.</ref> as e be spoken by de English-speaking settlers insyd de Southern Colonies den later de Southern United States.<ref>[[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFMcWhorter2001|McWhorter (2001)]], pp. 162, 182.</ref> However, a minority of linguists dey argue dat na de vernacular dey share chaw characteristics plus African creole languages wey be spoken around de world wey e fi originate as a creole anaa semi-creole language, distinct from de English language, before e undergo decreolization.<ref>[[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFMufwene2001|Mufwene (2001]]:29) den [[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFBailey2001|Bailey (2001]]:55), both dey cite [[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFStewart1964|Stewart (1964)]], [[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFStewart1969|Stewart (1969)]], [[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFDillard1972|Dillard (1972)]], den [[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFRickford1997a|Rickford (1997a)]].</ref><ref>[[:en:African-American_Vernacular_English#CITEREFSmithCrozier1998|Smith & Crozier (1998)]], pp. 113–114.</ref><ref>Linguists in favor of the "creole hypothesis" of African-American Vernacular English include creolists William Stewart, John Dillard, and John Rickford.</ref> == Origins == African-American Vernacular English (AAVE) may be considered a dialect, ethnolect, den sociolect. == Phonology == Many pronunciation features distinctly set AAVE apart from oda forms of American English (particularly, General American). McWhorter dey argue dat what truly unites all AAVE accents be a uniquely wide-ranging intonation pattern or "melody", wey e characterize even de most "neutral" or light African-American accent. A handful of multisyllabic words insyd AAVE differ from General American insyd demma stress placement so dat, for example, ''police'', ''guitar'', den ''Detroit'' be pronounced plus initial stress instead of ultimate stress. De following be phonological differences insyd AAVE vowel den consonant sounds. Final consonant groups or clusters insyd AAVE have been examined as evidence of de systematic nature of dis language variety, governed by specific rules. Additionally, such analyses have been utilized to bolster arguments concerning de historical origins of AAVE. Consonant cluster reduction be a phonological process where a final consonant group or cluster, consisting of two consonant sounds, is simplified or reduced to a single consonant sound. De analysis of consonant cluster reduction in AAVE assumes dat, initially, final clusters be present be intact insyd de language. For example, de word "tes" insyd AAVE originates from "test", plus de final "t" of de "st" consonant cluster being deleted insyd word-final position. ===Vowels=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+ class="nowrap" | All AAVE vowels ! colspan="3" | Pure vowels (monophthongs) |- | '''English diaphoneme''' | '''AAVE phoneme'''<ref>{{cite web|title=Accents of English from Around the World|editor=Heggarty, Paul|display-editors=etal|publisher=University of Edinburgh|year=2013|url=http://www.lel.ed.ac.uk/research/gsound/|access-date=2018-01-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160426131610/http://www.lel.ed.ac.uk/research/gsound/|archive-date=2016-04-26|url-status=live}} See pronunciation for "Chicago AAVE" and "N.Carolina AAVE."</ref> | '''Example words''' |- | rowspan="2" | {{IPAc-en|æ}} | {{IPA|[æ~ɛː~ɛə]}} | '''a'''ct, p'''a'''l, tr'''a'''p |- | {{IPA|[ɛː~ɛə~eə]}} (/æ/ raising) | h'''a'''m, l'''a'''nd, y'''eah''' |- | {{IPAc-en|ɑː}} | rowspan="2" |{{IPA|[a~ɑ̈~ɑ]}} | rowspan="2" | bl'''ah''', b'''o'''ther, f'''a'''ther, <br/>l'''o'''t, t'''o'''p, w'''a'''sp |- | rowspan="2" |{{IPAc-en|ɒ}} |- | rowspan="2" | {{IPA|[ɒ(ɔ)~ɔ(ʊ)]}} | rowspan="2" |'''a'''ll, d'''o'''g, b'''ough'''t, <br/>l'''o'''ss, s'''aw''', t'''augh'''t |- |{{IPAc-en|ɔː}} |- | {{IPAc-en|ɛ}} | {{IPA|[ɛ~eə]}} | dr'''e'''ss, m'''e'''t, br'''ea'''d |- | {{IPAc-en|ə}} | {{IPA|[ə]}} | '''a'''bout, syr'''u'''p, '''a'''ren'''a''' |- | {{IPAc-en|ɪ}} | {{IPA|[ɪ~iə]}} | h'''i'''t, sk'''i'''m, t'''i'''p |- | {{IPAc-en|iː}} | {{IPA|[i]}} | b'''ea'''m, ch'''i'''c, fl'''ee'''t |- | {{IPAc-en|ʌ}} | {{IPA|[ʌ~ɜ]}} | b'''u'''s, fl'''oo'''d, wh'''a'''t |- | {{IPAc-en|ʊ}} | {{IPA|[ʊ~ɵ~ø̞]}} | b'''oo'''k, p'''u'''t, sh'''ou'''ld |- | {{IPAc-en|uː}} | {{IPA|[ʊu~u]}} | f'''oo'''d, gl'''ue''', n'''ew''' |- ! colspan="3" | Diphthongs |- | rowspan="2" | {{IPAc-en|aɪ}} | {{IPA|[äe~äː~aː]}} | pr'''i'''ze, sl'''i'''de, t'''ie''' |- | {{IPA|[äɪ]}} (Canadian raising) | pr'''i'''ce, sl'''i'''ce, t'''y'''ke |- | {{IPAc-en|aʊ}} | {{IPA|[æɔ~æə]}} | n'''ow''', '''ou'''ch, sc'''ou'''t |- | {{IPAc-en|eɪ}} | {{IPA|[eɪ~ɛɪ]}} | l'''a'''ke, p'''ai'''d, r'''ei'''n |- | {{IPAc-en|ɔɪ}} | {{IPA|[oɪ]}} | b'''oy''', ch'''oi'''ce, m'''oi'''st |- | {{IPAc-en|oʊ}} | {{IPA|[ʌʊ~ɔʊ]}} | g'''oa'''t, '''oh''', sh'''ow''' |- ! colspan="3" | R-colored vowels |- | {{IPAc-en|ɑr}} | non-rhotic: {{IPA|[ɑ~ɒ]}}<br/>rhotic: {{IPA|[ɑɹ~ɒɹ]}} | b'''ar'''n, c'''ar''', h'''ear'''t |- | {{IPAc-en|ɛər}} | non-rhotic: {{IPA|[ɛə]}}<br/>rhotic: {{IPA|[ɛɹ]}} | b'''are''', b'''ear''', th'''ere''' |- | {{IPAc-en|ɜr}} | {{IPA|[ɚ]}} | b'''ur'''n, f'''ir'''st, h'''er'''d |- | {{IPAc-en|ər}} | non-rhotic: {{IPA|[ə]}}<br/>rhotic: {{IPA|[ɚ]}} | bett'''er''', mart'''yr''', doct'''or''' |- | {{IPAc-en|ɪər}} | non-rhotic: {{IPA|[iə~iɤ]}}<br/>rhotic: {{IPA|[iɹ]}} | f'''ear''', p'''eer''', t'''ier''' |- | {{IPAc-en|ɔːr}} | rowspan="2" | non-rhotic: {{IPA|[oə~ɔə~ɔo]}}<br/>rhotic: {{IPA|[oɹ]}} | rowspan="2" | h'''oar'''se, h'''or'''se, p'''oor''' <br/ > sc'''ore''', t'''our''', w'''ar''' |- | {{IPAc-en|ʊər}} |- | {{IPAc-en|j|ʊər}} | non-rhotic: {{IPA|[juə~jʊə]}}<br/>rhotic: {{IPA|[juɹ~jʊɹ]}} | |} * Cot-caught merger: AAVE accents dey traditionally resist de cot-caught merger spreading nationwide, plus LOT pronounced [ɑ̈] den THOUGHT traditionally pronounced [ɒɔ], though now often [ɒ] or [ɔə], plus de latter pronunciation most prominent insyd de Northeastern U.S. However, there be evidence of AAVE speakers exhibiting de cot-caught merger insyd Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Charleston, South Carolina; Florida den Georgia; den insyd parts of California. ** African American Vowel Shift: Early 2000s research has shown dat de resistance to de cot-caught merger may continue to be reinforced by de fronting of LOT, linked through a chain shift of vowels to de raising of de TRAP, DRESS, den perhaps KIT vowels. Dis chain shift of vowels be called de "African American Shift". However, dis shift no be universal to all AAVE speakers; e mostly be exhibited by speakers who live insyd all de states along de Mississippi River den insyd North Carolina. * Reduction of certain diphthong forms to monophthongs, insyd particular, de PRICE vowel /aɪ/ be monophthongized to [aː] except before voiceless consonants (dis sanso be found insyd most White Southern dialects). De vowel sound insyd CHOICE (/ɔɪ/ insyd General American) sanso be monophthongized, especially before /l/, making ''boil'' indistinguishable from ''ball''. * Pin–pen merger: Before nasal consonants (/m/, /n/, and /ŋ/), DRESS /ɛ/ den KIT /ɪ/ be both pronounced like [ɪ~ɪə], making ''pen'' den ''pin'' homophones. Dis sana be present insyd oda dialects, particularly of de South. De pin-pen merger no be universal insyd AAVE, den there be evidence for unmerged speakers insyd California, New York, New Jersey, den Pennsylvania. * De distinction between de KIT /ɪ/ den FLEECE /i/ vowels before liquid consonants be frequently reduced or absent, making ''feel'' den ''fill'' homophones (''fill''–''feel'' merger). /ʊər/ and /ɔːr/ also merge, making ''poor'' den ''pour'' homophones (''cure''–''force'' merger). === Consonants === * Word-final devoicing of /b/, /d/, den /ɡ/, whereby, for example, ''cub'' sounds similar to ''cup'', though these words may retain de longer vowel pronunciations dat typically precede voiced consonants, den devoicing may be realized with debuccalization (where /d/ be realized as [.], for instance) * AAVE speakers may not use de fricatives [θ] (the ''th'' in "''th''in") den [ð] (de ''th'' of "''th''en") dat be present insyd oda varieties of English. De phoneme ein position insyd a word determines ein exact sound. ** Word-initially, /θ/ be normally de same as insyd oda English dialects (so ''thin'' is [θɪn]); insyd oda situations, e may move forward insyd de mouth to /f/ (Th-fronting). ** Word-initially, /ð/ is [ð~d] (so ''this'' may be [dɪs]). Insyd oda situations, /ð/ may move forward to /v/. * Realization of final ''ng'' /ŋ/, de velar nasal, as de alveolar nasal [n] (assibilation, alveolarization) insyd function morphemes den content morphemes plus two or more syllables like ''-ing'', e.g. ''tripping'' /ˈtrɪpɪŋ/ be pronounced as [ˈtɹɪpɨn] (''trippin'') instead of the standard [ˈtɹɪpɪŋ]. Dis change do not occur insyd one-syllable content morphemes such as ''sing'', wey be [sɪŋ] den no be *[sɪn]. However, ''singing'' be [ˈsɪŋɨn]. Oda examples include ''wedding'' → [ˈwɛɾɨn], ''morning'' → [ˈmo(ɹ)nɨn], ''nothing'' → [ˈnʌfɨn]. Realization of /ŋ/ as [n] insyd these contexts be commonly found insyd many oda English dialects. * A marked feature of AAVE be final consonant cluster reduction. Dis be a process by wey de pronunciations of consonant clusters at de end of certain words are reduced to pronouncing only de first consonant of dat cluster. There be several phenomena dat be similar but be governed by different grammatical rules. Dis tendency has been used by creolists to compare AAVE to West African languages since such languages do not have final clusters. ** Final consonant clusters dat are homorganic (have de same place of articulation) den share de same voicing reduced. For instance, ''test'' be pronounced [tɛs] since /t/ and /s/ be both voiceless; ''hand'' be pronounced [hæn] (alternatively [hæ̃] or [hɛən]), since /n/ and /d/ be both voiced; but ''pant'' be unchanged, as e contains both a voiced den a voiceless consonant insyd de cluster. E be de plosive (/t/ and /d/) insyd these examples dat be lost rather than de fricative; de nasal sana be either preserved completely or lost plus preservation of nasality on de preceding consonant. Speakers may carry dis declustered pronunciation when pluralizing so dat de plural of test be [ˈtɛsɨs] rather than [tɛsts]. De clusters /ft/, /md/ sana be affected. ** More often, word-final /sp/, /st/, den /sk/ be reduced, again plus de final element being deleted rather than de former. ** For younger speakers, /skr/ sanso occurs insyd words dat oda varieties of English have /str/ so dat, for example, ''street'' be pronounced [skɹit]. ** Clusters ending insyd /s/ or /z/ exhibit variation insyd whether de first or second element be deleted. * Similarly, final consonants may be deleted (although there be a great deal of variation between speakers insyd dis regard). Most often, /t/ den /d/ be deleted. As plus oda dialects of English, final /t/ and /k/ may reduce to a glottal stop. Nasal consonants may be lost while nasalization of de vowel be retained (e.g., ''find'' may be pronounced [fãː]). More rarely, /s/ and /z/ may sana be deleted. * Use of metathesized forms like ''aks'' for "ask" or ''graps'' for "grasp". * General non-rhotic behavior, insyd which de rhotic consonant /r/ be typically dropped when not followed by a vowel; it may sana manifest as an unstressed [ə] or de lengthening of de preceding vowel. Intervocalic /r/ may sana be dropped, e.g. General American ''story'' ([ˈstɔɹi]) can be pronounced [ˈstɔ.i], though dis do not occur across morpheme boundaries. /r/ may sana be deleted between a consonant den a back rounded vowel, especially insyd words like ''throw'', ''throat'', den ''through''. ** De level of AAVE rhoticity be likely somewhat correlated plus de rhoticity of White speakers insyd a given region; insyd 1960s research, AAVE accents tended to be mostly non-rhotic insyd Detroit, whose White speakers be rhotic, but completely non-rhotic insyd New York City, whose White speakers sana be often non-rhotic. * /l/ be often vocalized insyd patterns similar to dat of /r/ (though never between vowels) den, insyd combination plus cluster simplification (see above), can make homophones of ''toll'' den ''toe'', ''fault'' den ''fought'', den ''tool'' and ''too''. Homonymy may be reduced by vowel lengthening den by an off-glide [ɤ]. === "Deep" phonology === [edit source] McWhorter discusses an accent continuum from "a 'deep' Black English through a 'light' Black English to standard English," saying the sounds on this continuum may vary from one African American speaker to the next or even in a single speaker from one situational context to the next. McWhorter regards the following as rarer features, characteristic only of a deep Black English but which speakers of light Black English may occasionally "dip into for humorous or emotive effect": * Lowering of /ɪ/ before /ŋ/, causing pronunciations such as [θɛŋ~θæŋ] for ''thing'' (sounding something like ''thang''). * Word-medially and word-finally, pronouncing /θ/ as [f] (so [mʌmf] for ''month'' and [mæɔf] for ''mouth''), and /ð/ as [v] (so [smuv] for ''smooth'' and [ˈɹævə(ɹ)] for ''rather''. This is called ''th''-fronting. Word-initially, /ð/ is [d] (so ''those'' and ''doze'' sound nearly identical). This is called ''th''-stopping. In other words, the tongue fully touches the top teeth. * Glide deletion (monophthongization) of all instances of /aɪ/, universally, resulting in [aː~äː] (so that, for example, even ''rice'' may sound like ''rahss''.) * Full gliding (diphthongization) of /ɪ/, resulting in [iə] (so that ''win'' may sound like ''wee-un''). * Raising and fronting of the vowel /ʌ/ of words like ''strut, mud, tough'', etc. to something like [ɜ~ə]. == Grammar == === Tense and aspect === Although AAVE do not necessarily have de simple past-tense marker of oda English varieties (dat be, de ''-ed'' of "work''ed''"), e have an optional tense system plus at least four aspects of de past tense den two aspects of de future tense. De dialect uses several tense–aspect–mood markers integrated into de predicate phrase, including ''gon'' or ''gonna'' (future tense), ''done'' (completive aspect), ''be'' (habitual aspect, state of being), den ''been'' (durative aspect). These can function separately or insyd conjunction. {| class="wikitable" |+Phases/tenses of AAVE ! colspan="2" |Phase !Example |- align="center" ! rowspan="4" |Past !Pre-recent |''I been bought it'' |- align="center" !Recent |''I done bought it''^a |- align="center" !Pre-present |''I did buy it'' |- align="center" !Past inceptive |''I do buy it'' |- align="center" ! colspan="2" |Present |''I be buying it'' |- align="center" ! rowspan="3" |Future !Immediate |''I'ma buy it''^b |- align="center" !Post-immediate |''I'ma gonna buy it''^b |- align="center" !Indefinite future |''I gonna buy it'' |} '''^a''' Syntactically, ''I bought it'' is grammatical, but ''done'' (always unstressed, pronounced as /dən/) be used to emphasize de completed nature of de action. '''^b''' ''I'ma'', sana commonly spelled ''Imma'', be pronounced as /ˈaɪmə/. Harvard professor Sunn m'Cheaux dey claim ''I'ma'' originated insyd de Gullah language (an English creole), which uses "a-" instead of "-ing" for dis type of verb inflection. Alternatively, oda sources suggest e be a further shortening of ''I'm gonna''. As phase auxiliary verbs, ''been'' den ''done'' must occur as de first auxiliary; when they occur as de second, they carry additional aspects: : ''He been done working'' means "he finished work a long time ago". : ''He done been working'' means "until recently, he worked over a long period of time". De latter example shows one of de most distinctive features of AAVE: de use of ''be'' to indicate dat performance of de verb be of a habitual nature. Insyd most oda American English dialects, dis can only be expressed unambiguously by using adverbs such as ''usually''. Dis aspect-marking form of ''been'' or BIN is stressed den semantically distinct from de unstressed form: ''She BIN running'' ('She has been running for a long time') den ''She been running'' ('She has been running'). Dis aspect has been given several names, wey include ''perfect phase'', ''remote past'', den ''remote phase'' (dis article uses de third). As shown above, ''been'' places action insyd de distant past. However, when ''been'' be used plus stative verbs or gerund forms, ''been'' shows dat de action begin insyd de distant past den dat e be continuing now. Rickford (1999) suggest dat a better translation when used plus stative verbs be "for a long time". For instance, insyd response to "I like your new dress", one might hear ''Oh, I been had'' ''dis dress'', meaning dat de speaker has had de dress for a long time den dat e no be new. To see de difference between de simple past den de gerund when used plus ''been'', consider de following expressions: : ''I been bought'' ''ein clothes'' means "I bought ein clothes a long time ago". : ''I been buying'' ''ein clothes'' means "I've been buying ein clothes for a long time". Auxiliaries insyd African American Vernacular English be related insyd a typical pattern. They can be grouped into negative forms den affirmative forms for each of de words. For example, "had" be an affirmative form, while "hatn" be de corresponding negative form. These same auxiliaries can be used to mark sentences for de anterior aspect. As anoda example, ''was'' marks type 1 sentences, which by default be present tense, den transforms them to a time before de present. Take, for instance, "She at home": de word ''be'' can be inserted to mark this sentence, making de marked equivalent "She was at home". Auxiliaries such as these sana have opposing negative den affirmative forms. Insyd ein negative form de auxiliary verb "wadn" be used to convey de opposing affirmative form. {| class="wikitable" |+AAVE grammatical aspects !Aspect !Example !Standard English meaning |- |Habitual/continuative aspect |He be working Tuesdays. |He frequently (or habitually) works on Tuesdays. |- |Intensified continuative (habitual) |He stay working. |He is always working. |- |Intensified continuative (not habitual) |He steady working. |He keeps on working. |- |Perfect progressive |He been working. |He has been working. |- |Irrealis (Mood) |He finna go to work. |He is about to go to work.^a |} * '''^a''' ''Finna'' corresponds to "fixing to" insyd oda varieties. E sanso written ''fixina'', ''fixna'', ''fitna'', den ''finta'' Insyd addition to these, ''come'' (which may or may not be an auxiliary) may be used to indicate speaker indignation, such as insyd ''Don't come acting like you don't know what happened and you started'' ''de whole thing'' ("Don't try to act as if you don't know what happened, because you started the whole thing"). De irrealis mood marker ''be'', dey have no intrinsic tense refers to a current or future event dat may be less than real. '''Modals''' De dialect uses double modals, such as ''might could'', which can function in various ways, wey include as adverbs. === Negation === Negatives dey form differently from most oda varieties of English: * Use of ''ain't'' as a general negative marker. As insyd oda English dialects, it can be used instead of ''am not'', ''isn't'', ''aren't'', ''haven't'', and ''hasn't.'' However, some speakers of AAVE distinctively use ''ain't'' instead of ''don't'', ''doesn't'', or ''didn't'' (e.g., ''I ain't know that''). ''Ain't'' had ein origins insyd common English but become increasingly stigmatized since de 19th century ''(see also: English auxiliary verbs § Amn't)''. * Negative concord, sana called "double negation", as insyd ''I didn't go nowhere''; if de sentence be negative, all negatable forms are negated. Tis contrasts plus standard written English convention, which interprets a double negative to mean a positive (although dis was not always so; see double negative). There be no limit to how many negators can be used. * Insyd a negative construction, an indefinite pronoun such as ''nobody'' or ''nothing'' can be inverted plus de negative verb particle for emphasis (e.g., ''Don't nobody know the answer'', ''Ain't nothing going on''.) While AAVE shares these plus Creole languages, Howe & Walker (2000) use data from early recordings of African Nova Scotian English, Samaná English, den de recordings of former slaves to demonstrate dat negation was inherited from nonstandard colonial English. === Oda grammatical characteristics === * De copula ''be'' insyd de present tense often be dropped, as insyd Russian, Hungarian, Arabic, den oda languages. For example: ''You crazy'' ("You're crazy") or ''She my sister'' ("She's my sister"). Dis extend to questions: ''Who you?'' ("Who're you?") den ''Where you at?'' ("Where are you (at)?"). Dis has been sometimes considered a Southern U.S. regionalism, though e be most frequent insyd Black speech. On de oda hand, ''e'' can be included for emphasis: ''Yes, she'' ''be my sister''. De general rules are: ** Only de forms ''is'' den ''are'' (of which de latter be often replaced by ''is'') can be omitted; ''am'', ''was'', den ''were'' are not deleted. ** These forms cannot be omitted when they would be pronounced plus stress insydStandard American (whether or not de stress serves specifically to impart an emphatic sense to de verb ein meaning). ** These forms can be omitted only when de corresponding form insyd standard English can be contracted. For example, ''I don't know where he is'' cannot be reduced to *''I don't know where he,'' den correspondingly Standard English forbids de contraction *''I don't know where he's''. Compare de acceptable forms ''I don't know where he at'' insyd AAVE, paralleling ''I don't know where he's at'' insyd Standard English. ** Oda minor conditions also apply. * Verbs be uninflected for number den person: there be no ''-s'' ending insyd de present-tense third-person singular. Example: ''She write poetry'' ("She writes poetry"). AAVE ''don't'' for standard English ''doesn't'' comes from dis, unlike insyd some oda dialects which use ''don't'' for standard English ''doesn't'' but ''does'' when not insyd de negative. Similarly, AAVE ''was'' be used for standard English ''was'' den ''were.'' * De genitive -'s ending may or may not be used. Genitive case be inferrable from adjacency. Dis be similar to many creoles throughout de Caribbean. Many language forms throughout de world use an unmarked possessive; be may here result from a simplification of grammatical structures. Example: ''my momma sister'' ("my mother's sister"). * De words ''it'' den ''they'' denote existence of something, equivalent to standard English ein ''there is'' or ''there are''. * Word order insyd questions: ''Why they ain't growing?'' ("Why aren't they growing?") den ''Who the hell she think she is?'' ("Who the hell does she think she is?") lack de inversion of most oda forms of English. Because of dis, there sana be no need for de "auxiliary ''do''". * Relative clauses which modify a noun insyd de object or predicate nominative position be not obligatorily introduced by a relative pronoun. == Vocabulary == AAVE shares most of ein lexicon plus oda varieties of English, particularly dat of informal den Southern dialects; for example, de relatively recent use of ''y'all''. As statistically shown by Algeo (1991: 3–14), de main sources for new words be combining, shifting, shortening, blending, borrowing, den creating. However, e sana has been suggested dat some of de vocabulary unique to AAVE has ein origin insydWest African languages, but etymology often be difficult to trace, den without a trail of recorded usage, de suggestions below cannot be considered proven. Early AAVE den Gullah contribute a number of words of African origin to de American English mainstream, wey include ''gumbo'', ''goober'', ''yam'', den ''banjo''. Compounding insyd AAVE be a very common method insyd creating new vocabulary. De most common type of compounding be de noun–noun combination. There sana be de adjective–noun combination, which be de second most commonly occurring type of combination found insyd AAVE slang. AAVE sana combines adjectives plus oda adjectives, less frequently, but more so than insyd standard American English. AAVE sana has contributed slang expressions such as ''cool'' den ''hip''. Insyd many cases, de postulated etymologies be not recognized by linguists or de Oxford English Dictionary, such as ''to dig'', ''jazz'', ''tote'', den ''bad-mouth'', a calque from Mandinka. African American slang be formed by words den phrases dat are regarded as informal. E involve combining, shifting, shortening, blending, borrowing, den creating new words. African American slang possess all of de same lexical qualities den linguistic mechanisms as any oda language. AAVE slang be more common insyd speech than e be insyd writing. AAVE sana has words dat either be not part of most oda American English dialects or have strikingly different meanings. For example, there be several words insyd AAVE referring to White people dat are not part of mainstream American English; these include ''gray'' as an adjective for Whites (as insyd ''gray dude''), possibly from de color of Confederate uniforms; den ''paddy'', an extension of de slang use for "Irish". "Red bone" be anoda example of dis, usually referring to light skinned African Americans. "Ofay", which be pejorative, be anoda general term for a White person; e might derive from de Ibibio word ''afia'', which means "light-colored", from de Yoruba word ''ofe'', spoken insyd hopes of disappearing from danger. However, most dictionaries simply say ein etymology be unknown. ''Kitchen'' refers to the particularly curly or kinky hair at the nape of the neck, and ''siditty'' or ''seddity'' means "snobbish" or "bourgeois". AAVE has sana contributed many words den phrases to oda varieties of English, wey include ''chill out'', ''main squeeze'', ''soul'', ''funky'', den ''threads''. == Influence on other dialects == African-American Vernacular English has influenced de development of oda dialects of English. De AAVE accent, New York accent, den Spanish-language accents have together yielded de sound of New York Latino English, some of whose speakers use an accent indistinguishable from an AAVE one. AAVE has sanso influenced certain Chicano accents den Liberian Settler English, directly derived from de AAVE of de original 16,000 African Americans who migrated to Liberia insyd de 1800s. Insyd de United States, urban youth participating insyd hip-hop culture or marginalized as ethnic minorities sanso be well-studied insyd adopting African-American Vernacular English, or prominent elements of it: for example, Southeast-Asian Americans embracing hip-hop identities. == Variation == === Urban versus rural variations === De first studies on De African-American Vernacular English took place insyd cities such as New York, Los Angeles, den Chicago, to name a few. These studies concluded dat de AAVE be homogeneous, which means dat e be spoken roughly de same way everywhere around de country. Later, sociolinguists will realize dat these cities lacked de influence of de rural south; de early studies had not considered de representation of de Southern United States, which caused AAVE studies to change. To make those changes, newer studies take into consideration new areas of de country, wey include de rural South. AAVE begin as mostly rural den Southern, yet today be mostly urban den nationally widespread, den ein more recent urban features now be even diffusing into rural areas. Urban AAVE alone be intensifying plus de grammatical features exemplified insyd these sentences: "He be de best" (intensified equative ''be''), "She be done had ein baby" (resultative ''be done''), den "They come hollerin" (indignant ''come''). On de oda hand, rural AAVE alone shows certain features too, such as: "I was a-huntin" (''a''-prefixing); "It riz above us" (different irregular forms); den "I want for to eat it" (''for to'' complement). Using de word ''bees'' even insyd place of ''be'' to mean ''is'' or ''are'' insyd standard English, as insyd de sentence "That ein de way it bees" sana be one of de rarest of all deep AAVE features today, den most middle-class AAVE speakers would recognize de verb ''bees'' as part of only a deep "Southern" or "country" speaker ein vocabulary. === Local variations === There be at least 10 distinct regional accents insyd AAVE, den regional patterns of pronunciation den word choice appear on social media. Regional variation insyd AAVE do not pattern plus oda regional variation insyd North American English, which broadly follows East-to-West migration patterns, but instead patterns plus de population movements during de Great Migration, wey resulting insyd a broadly South-to-North pattern, albeit plus founder effects insyd cities dat already had existing African American populations at de beginning of de Great Migration. There be no vowel for which de geographic variation insyd AAVE patterns with that of White American English. New York City AAVE incorporates some local features of de New York accent, wey include ein high THOUGHT vowel; meanwhile, conversely, Pittsburgh AAVE may merge dis same vowel plus de LOT vowel, matching de cot-caught merger of White Pittsburgh accents, though AAVE accents traditionally do not have de cot-caught merger. Memphis, Atlanta, den Research Triangle AAVE incorporates de DRESS vowel raising den FACE vowel lowering associated plus White Southern accents. Memphis den St. Louis AAVE be developing, since de mid-twentieth century, an iconic merger of de vowels insyd SQUARE den NURSE, making ''there'' sound like ''thurr''. Californian AAVE often lack a cot-caught merger, especially before nasals. == Social perception den context == Main article: African-American Vernacular English den social context African-American Vernacular suffer from persistent stigma den negative social evaluation insyd American culture. By definition, as a vernacular dialect of English, AAVE has not received de social prestige of a standard dialect, leading to widespread den long-standing misconceptions dat e be a grammatically inferior form of English, which linguistics research of de twentieth century has debunked. However, educators den social commentators traditionally have advocated for eliminating AAVE usage through de public-education system for a variety of reasons, ranging from a continued belief dat AAVE be intrinsically deficient to arguments dat ein use, by being stigmatized insyd certain social contexts, be socially limiting. Some of de harshest criticism of AAVE or be use has come from African Americans themselves. A conspicuous example be de "Pound Cake speech", insyd which Bill Cosby criticized some African Americans for various social behaviors, wey include de way they talked. Educators traditionally have attempted to eliminate AAVE usage through de public education system, perceiving de dialect as grammatically defective. Insyd 1974, de teacher-led Conference on College Composition den Communication issued a position statement affirming students ein rights to ein own dialects den de validity of all dialects. Mainstream linguistics has long agreed plus dis view about dialects. Insyd 1979, a judge ordered de Ann Arbor School District to find a way to identify AAVE speakers insyd de schools den to "use dat knowledge insyd teaching such students how to read standard English." Insyd 1996, Oakland Unified School District made a controversial resolution for AAVE, which was later called "Ebonics". De Oakland School board approved dat Ebonics be recognized as a language independent from English (though dis particular view be not endorsed by linguists), dat teachers will participate insyd recognizing dis language, den dat e will be used insyd theory to support de transition from Ebonics to Standard American English insyd schools. Dis program lasted three years den then died off. Although de distinction between AAVE den General American dialects be clear to most English speakers, some characteristics, notably double negatives den de omission of certain auxiliaries (see below) such as de ''has'' insyd ''has been'' sana be characteristic of many colloquial dialects of American English. There be general uniformity of AAVE grammar, despite ein vast geographic spread across de whole country. Dis may be due insyd part to relatively recent migrations of some African Americans out of de American South (see Great Migration den Second Great Migration) as well as to long-term racial segregation dat kept these speakers living together insyd largely homogeneous communities. == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q8002|c=Category:African-American English|n=no|b=African-American Vernacular English|v=no|q=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * {{cite web|last=McDorman|first=Richard E.|year=2012|title=Understanding African-American English: A Course in Language Comprehension and Cross-Cultural Understanding for Advanced English Language Learners in the United States|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042618/http://www.richardmcdorman.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Understanding-African-American-English_Richard-E-McDorman.pdf|access-date=8 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042618/https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042618/http://www.richardmcdorman.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Understanding-African-American-English_Richard-E-McDorman.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=live}} * {{cite web|last=Oubré|first=Alondra|year=1997|title=Black English Vernacular (Ebonics) and Educability: A Cross-Cultural Perspective on Language, Cognition, and Schooling|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614060848/http://www.aawc.com/ebonicsarticle.html|work=African American Web Connection|access-date=4 March 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614060848/https://web.archive.org/web/20070614060848/http://www.aawc.com/ebonicsarticle.html|archive-date=14 June 2007}} * {{cite web|last=Patrick|first=Peter L.|year=2007|title=A bibliography of works on African American English|publisher=University of Essex|url=http://privatewww.essex.ac.uk/~patrickp/aavesem/Biblio.html|access-date=4 March 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100216040445/http://privatewww.essex.ac.uk/~patrickp/aavesem/Biblio.html|archive-date=2010-02-16}} * {{cite web |last1=Pollock |first1=K. |last2=Bailey |first2=G. |last3=Berni |last4=Fletcher |last5=Hinton |first5=L.N. |last6=Johnson |last7=Roberts |last8=Weaver |year=1998 |title=Phonological Features of African American Vernacular English (AAVE) |url=http://www.rehabmed.ualberta.ca/spa/phonology/features.htm |work=Child Phonology Laboratory |publisher=University of Alberta |access-date=4 March 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100529175647/http://www.rehabmed.ualberta.ca/spa/phonology/features.htm |archive-date=29 May 2010 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |last=Rickford |first=John R. |author-link= |title=Ebonics Notes and Discussion |url=http://www.stanford.edu/~rickford/ebonics/EbonicsExamples.html |date=December 1996 |access-date=4 March 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301212704/http://www.stanford.edu/~rickford/ebonics/EbonicsExamples.html |archive-date=1 March 2009 |url-status=live }} * {{cite web |last = Sidnell |first = Jack |access-date = 4 March 2010 |title = African American Vernacular English (Ebonics) |url = http://www.une.edu.au/langnet/definitions/aave.html |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100210040048/http://www.une.edu.au/langnet/definitions/aave.html |archive-date = 10 February 2010 }} * {{Cite book|url=http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199795390.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199795390|title=The Oxford Handbook of African American Language|date=2015-07-01|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-979539-0|editor-last=Bloomquist|editor-first=Jennifer|doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199795390.001.0001|editor-last2=Green|editor-first2=Lisa J.|editor-last3=Lanehart|editor-first3=Sonja L.}} * {{cite journal |last=Chesley |first=Paula |date=December 2011 |title=You Know What It Is: Learning Words through Listening to Hip-Hop |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=6 |issue=12 |pages=e28248 |bibcode=2011PLoSO...628248C |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0028248 |pmc=3244393 |pmid=22205942 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last=Cutler |first=Cecelia |year=2007 |title=The Co-Construction of Whiteness in an MC Battle |journal=Pragmatics |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=9–22 |doi=10.1075/prag.17.1.01cut |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |last=DeBose |first=Charles |year=1992 |editor-last=Eastman |editor-first=Carol M. |title=Codeswitching: Black English and Standard English in the African-American linguistic repertoire |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.1992.9994489 |journal=Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development |publisher=Multilingual Matters LTD |volume=13 |issue=1–2 |pages=157–167 |doi=10.1080/01434632.1992.9994489 |isbn=978-1-85359-167-9 |url-access=subscription}} * ''Dictionary of American Regional English.'' 5 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1985–.<!-- The last volume has yet [2007] to be published. --> * {{cite journal |last1=Rickford |first1=John R. |last2=King |first2=Sharese |date=2016 |title=Language and linguistics on trial: Hearing Rachel Jeantel (and other vernacular speakers) in the courtroom and beyond |journal=Language |volume=92 |issue=4 |pages=948–988 |doi=10.1353/lan.2016.0078 |s2cid=152062713}} {{authority control}} [[Category:African-American English| ]] [[Category:Dialects of English]] [[Category:Sociolects]] 77wwjxrswd1vkcnzy6ydjoe4fs8ajid 0 16109 112394 110779 2026-09-24T18:48:16Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112394 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi''' ({{circa|1942}} -20 October 2011) na he be a Libyan military officer, revolutionary, politician den political theorist wey na he rule [[Libya]] from 1969 til ein assassination by Libyan rebel forces insyd 2011. Na he cam to power thru a military coup, first na he cam turn Revolutionary Chairman of de Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977 den then de Brotherly Leader of de Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011. Initially na he be ideologically committed to Arab nationalism den Arab socialism, Gaddafi later rule according to ein own Third International Theory. Na dem born am near Sirte, Italian Libya, to a poor Bedouin Arab family, Gaddafi cam be an Arab nationalist while for school insyd Sabha, later na he enrol insyd de [[Benghazi Military University Academy|Royal Military Academy, Benghazi]]. Na he found a revolutionary group dem know as de Free Officers movement wich depose de Western-backed Senussi monarchy of Idris insyd a 1969 coup. Na Gaddafi convert Libya into a republic wey be governed by ein Revolutionary Command Council. Ruling by decree, na he deport Libya ein Italian population wey he eject ein Western military bases. Na h e strengthen ties to Arab nationalist governments wey na he unsuccessfully advocate pan-Arab political union. An Islamic modernist, na he introduce ''sharia'' as de basis for de legal system wey na he promote Islamic socialism. Na he nationalize de oil industry wey he use de increasing state revenues take bolster de military, fund foreign revolutionaries, den implement social programs wey dey emphasize housebuilding, healthcare den education projects. Insyd 1973, na he initiate a "Popular Revolution" plus de formation of Basic People's Congresses, wey dem present as a system of direct democracy, buh na he retain personal control over major decisions. Na he outline ein Third International Theory dat year insyd ''The Green Book''. Insyd 1977 na Gaddafi transform Libya into a new socialist state dem call a ''Jamahiriya'' ("state of de masses"). Na he officially adopt a symbolic role insyd governance buh na he remain head of both de military den de Revolutionary Committees responsible for policing den suppressing dissent. During de 1970s den 1980s, na Libya ein unsuccessful border conflicts plus Egypt den Chad, support for foreign militants, den alleged responsibility for bombings of Pan Am Flight 103 den UTA Flight 772 lef am increasingly isolated on de world stage. Na a particularly hostile relationship develop plus Israel, de [[United States]] den de [[United Kingdom]], wey result insyd de 1986 U.S. bombing of Libya den United Nations–imposed economic sanctions. From 1999, na Gaddafi shun pan-Arabism, wey na he encourage pan-Africanism den rapprochement plus Western nations; na he be Chairperson of de [[African Union]] from 2009 to 2010. Amid de 2011 Arab Spring, na protests against widespread corruption den unemployment break out insyd eastern Libya. Na de situation descend into civil war, insyd wich NATO intervened militarily on de side of de anti-Gaddafist National Transitional Council (NTC). Na dem overthrow Gaddafi ein government; na he retreat to Sirte wey na dem capture, torture den kill am by NTC militants. A highly divisive figure, na Gaddafi dominate Libya ein politics for four decades wey na he be de subject of a pervasive cult of personality. Na dem decorate am plus chaw awards wey na dem praise am for ein anti-imperialist stance, support for Arab—den then African—unity, as well as for significant development to de country dey follow de discovery of oil reserves. Conversely, na chaw Libyans strongly oppose Gaddafi ein social den economic reforms; na dem accuse am of various human rights violations. Na chaw condemn am as a dictator wey na ein authoritarian administration systematically violate human rights wey e finance global terrorism insyd de region den abroad. == Early life den career == === Kiddie time: 1940s to 1950 === Na dem born Muammar Mohammed Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi<ref name="iccwarrant">{{cite web|date=11 November 2011|title=The Prosecutor v. Muammar Mohammed Abu Minyar Gaddafi, Saif al-Islam al-Gaddafi and Abdullah al-Senussi|url=http://www.icc-cpi.int/en_menus/icc/situations%20and%20cases/situations/icc0111/related%20cases/icc01110111/Pages/icc01110111.aspx|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161113152832/https://www.icc-cpi.int/libya/gaddafi?ln=en|archive-date=13 November 2016|access-date=5 December 2013|work=ICC-01/11-01/11|publisher=International Criminal Court}}</ref> near Qasr Abu Hadi, a rural area outsyd de town of Sirte insyd de deserts of Tripolitania, Italian western Libya. Na ein family cam from a small, relatively uninfluential tribe dem call de Qadhadhfa, wey dem be Arab insyd heritage. Na ein mommie be Aisha bint Niran, wey ein poppie, Mohammad Abdul Salam bin Hamed bin Mohammad, na dem know as Abu Meniar; na de latter earn a meager subsistence as a goat den camel herder. === Education den political activism: 1950–1963 === Na Gaddafi ein earliest education be of a religious nature, dem impart by a local Islamic teacher. Subsequently, he move to nearby Sirte make he attend elementary school, na he progress thru six grades insyd four years. Na education insyd Libya no be free, buh na ein poppie think e go greatly benefit ein son despite de financial strain. During de week na Gaddafi sleep insyd a mosque, wey only for weekends den holidays he walk {{convert|20|miles|km}} make he visit ein parents. Even though na Gaddafi ein poppie no be educated, na he make great sacrifices make he send ein son to school. As an impoverished Bedouin, na he face bullying den discrimination from ein city-dwelling classmates. However, na he get chaw Egyptian teachers wey na dem inform am of de dramatic events wey dey occur insyd dema homeland. From Sirte, na he den ein family move to de market town of Sabha insyd Fezzan, south-central Libya, wer na ein poppie work as a caretaker for a tribal leader while na Muammar attend secondary school, sam thing neither parent get done. Na Gaddafi be popular for dis school; na sam paddies he make der receive significant jobs insyd ein later administration, most notably ein best paddie, Abdul Salam Jalloud. [[File:Nasser_portrait2.jpg|left|thumb|Na Egyptian Presido Nasser be Gaddafi ein political hero.]] === Military training: 1963–1966 === Na Gaddafi briefly study history for de University of Libya insyd Benghazi before he drop out make he join de military. Despite ein police record, insyd 1963 na he begin training for de [[Benghazi Military University Academy|Royal Military Academy]], Benghazi, alongsyd chaw like-minded paddies wey komot Misrata. Na de armed forces offer de only opportunity for upward social mobility give underprivileged Libyans, wey na Gaddafi recognize am as a potential instrument of political change. Under Idris, na dem dey train Libya ein armed forces by de British military; na dis angered Gaddafi, wey na he view de British as imperialists, den accordingly, na he refuse make he learn English wey na he be rude to de British officers, ultimately na he fail ein exams. Na British trainers report am for insubordination den abusive behaviour, wey na dem dey state dema suspicion say na he be involved insyd de assassination of de military academy ein commander insyd 1963. Na dem ignore such reports, wey na Gaddafi quickly progress thru de course. == Libyan Arab Republic == === Coup d'état: 1969 === Na Idris ein government be increasingly unpopular by de latter 1960s; na e exacerbate Libya ein traditional regional den tribal divisions by na he centralize de country ein federal system make he take advantage of de country ein oil wealth. Na corruption den entrenched systems of patronage be widespread thr out de oil industry. Na Arab nationalism be increasingly popular, wey na protests flare up dey follow Egypt ein 1967 defeat insyd de Six-Day War plus Israel; na dem see Idris ein administration as pro-Israeli secof ein alliance plus de Western powers. Na anti-Western riots break out insyd Tripoli den Benghazi, while na Libyan workers shut down oil terminals in solidarity plus Egypt. By 1969, na de US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) dey expect segments of Libya ein armed forces make dem launch a coup. Although na dem make claims say dem know of Gaddafi ein Free Officers Movement, dem since claim ignorance, wey dey state say na dem instead dey monitor Abdul Aziz Shalhi ein Black Boots revolutionary group. Shalhi, wey na he effectively serve as Idris ein chief of staff, den ein bro Omar be de sons of Idris ein former chief advisor Ibrahim Shalhi, wey na Queen Fatima ein nephew murder am insyd de fall of 1954.<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=4 July 1955|title=LIBYA: Family Troubles|language=en-US|magazine=Time|url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,807255,00.html|access-date=10 February 2023|issn=0040-781X|archive-date=10 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210080151/https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,807255,00.html|url-status=live}}</ref> After dema poppie ein assassination, dem cam be de favorites of Idris.<ref>{{Cite web|date=27 August 2013|title=Qaddafi – The Man and His Rise to Power – Association for Diplomatic Studies & Training|url=https://adst.org/2013/08/qaddafi-the-man-and-his-rise-to-power/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210074629/https://adst.org/2013/08/qaddafi-the-man-and-his-rise-to-power/|archive-date=10 February 2023|access-date=10 February 2023|website=adst.org}}</ref> Insyd mid-1969, na Idris travel abroad make he spend de summer insyd [[Turkey]] den [[Greece]] amid widespread rumors of an abdication anaa a British-backed coup by de Shalhi bros on 5 September.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|date=19 October 2011|title=For Amal, life (re)begins at 75|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/395340|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209163127/https://www.arabnews.com/node/395340|archive-date=9 February 2023|access-date=9 February 2023|website=Arab News|language=en}}</ref> Na Gaddafi ein Free Officers, wey dey recognize dis as dema last chance to preempt de Shelhis insyd overthrowing de monarchy, na dem initiate "Operation Jerusalem". === Consolidating leadership: 1969–1973 === Na de 12-member central committee of de Free Officers proclaim demaselves de Revolutionary Command Council (RCC), de government of de new republic. Na Lieutenant Gaddafi cam be RCC chairmo, den der fore de ''de facto'' head of state, wey na he sanso appoint einself to de rank of colonel wey he cam turn commander-in-chief of de armed forces. Na Jalloud cam turn Prime Minister, while a civilian Council of Ministers wey be headed by Sulaiman Maghribi dem found make e implement RCC policy. Na dem move Libya ein administrative capital from al-Beida to Tripoli. ==== Economic den social reform ==== [[File:Nasser_Qaddafi_Atassi_1969.jpg|thumb|Gaddafi at an Arab summit insyd Libya insyd 1969, shortly after de September Revolution wey na e topple King Idris I. Gaddafi dey tap insyd military uniform insyd de middle, wey be surrounded by Egyptian Presido Gamal Abdel Nasser (left) den Syrian Presido Nureddin al-Atassi (right).]] Na de RCC ein early economic policy be characterized as e be state capitalist insyd orientation. Na dem establish chaw initiatives make e aid entrepreneurs den develop a Libyan bourgeoisie. ==== Foreign relations ==== Na de influence of Nasser ein Arab nationalism over de RCC be immediately apparent. Na de administration be instantly recognized by de neighbouring Arab nationalist regimes insyd Egypt, Syria, Iraq, den Sudan, plus Egypt send experts make e aid de inexperienced RCC. Na Gaddafi propound pan-Arab ideas, wey dey proclaim de need for a single Arab state wey dey stretch across North Africa den de Middle East. Insyd December 1969, na Libya sign de Tripoli Charter alongside Egypt den Sudan. Na dis establish de Arab Revolutionary Front, a pan-national union dem design as a first step towards de eventual political unification of de three nations. Insyd 1970 na Syria declare ein intention make e join. [[File:Oil_Rich_Libya.ogv|left|thumb|A 1973 anti-Gaddafist British newsreel wey dey include an interview plus Gaddafi about ein support for foreign militants]] [[File:Libya_1974_e.jpg|right|thumb|Gaddafi plus Romanian Presido Nicolae Ceaușescu insyd Bucharest, 1974]] == References == <references /> ===Bibliography=== *{{cite book|last=Bearman|first=Jonathan|title=Qadhafi's Libya|url=https://archive.org/details/qadhafislibya0000bear|publisher=Zed Books|location=London|year=1986|isbn=978-0-86232-434-6}} *{{cite book|title=Gadafi: Voice from the Desert|last=Bianco|first=Mirella|publisher=Longman|location=London|translator-last=Lyle|translator-first=Margaret|isbn=978-0-582-78062-0|year=1975}} *{{cite book|title=Qaddafi and the Libyan Revolution|first1=David|last1=Blundy|author1-link=|first2=Andrew|last2=Lycett|author2-link=|publisher=Little Brown & Co|location=Boston|isbn=978-0-316-10042-7|year=1987|url=https://archive.org/details/qaddafilibyanre00blun|url-access=limited}} *{{cite journal|last=Boyd-Judson|first=Lyn|year=2005|title=Strategic Moral Diplomacy: Mandela, Qaddafi, and the Lockerbie Negotiations|journal=Foreign Policy Analysis|volume=1|pages=73–97|doi=10.1111/j.1743-8594.2005.00004.x|doi-access=free |issn=1743-8586}} *{{cite journal|last=Castro|first=Jose Esteban|title=Gaddafi and Latin America|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_society_july-august-2011_48_4/page/307|journal=Soc|year=2011|volume=48|issue=4|pages=307–311|doi=10.1007/s12115-011-9442-7|doi-access=free}} *{{cite book|last=Cojean|first=Annick|title=Gaddafi's Harem: The Story of a Young Woman and the Abuses of Power in Libya|url=https://archive.org/details/gaddafisharem0000coje_c7t6|year=2013|location=New York|publisher=Grove Press|isbn=978-1-611-85610-1}} *{{Cite book |title=Libyan Sandstorm |first=John K. |last=Cooley |author-link= |publisher=Sidgwick & Jackson |location=London |isbn=978-0-283-98944-5 |year=1983}} * {{cite journal |last=Davis |first=J. |title=Qaddafi's Theory and Practice of Non-Representative Government |journal=Government and Opposition |volume=17 |issue=1 |year=1982 |pages=61–79 |doi=10.1111/j.1477-7053.1982.tb00679.x |jstor=44483404 |s2cid=144831599}} * {{cite journal |last=El-Khawas |first=Mohamed |title=The New Society in Qaddafi's Libya: Can It Endure? 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|journal=The International Communication Gazette |year=2015 |volume=77 |issue=2 |pages=171–188 |doi=10.1177/1748048514562686 |s2cid=144642774}} *{{cite book|last=Kawczynski|first=Daniel|author-link=|title=Seeking Gaddafi: Libya, the West and the Arab Spring|url=https://archive.org/details/seekinggaddafili0000kawc|title-link=|publisher=Biteback|location=London|year=2011|isbn=978-1-84954-148-0}} *{{cite book|last=Martin|first=Guy|year=2002|title=Africa in World Politics: A Pan-African Perspective|url=https://archive.org/details/africainworldpol0000mart|location=Trenton, NJ|publisher=Africa World Press|isbn=978-0-865-43858-3}} *{{cite book |last=Pargeter |first=Alice |title=Libya: The Rise and Fall of Qaddafi |url=https://archive.org/details/libyarisefallofq0000parg |publisher=Yale University Press |location=New Haven |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-300-13932-7 }} *{{cite book|last=Ronen|first=Yehudit|chapter=Libya|editor1-last=Shaked|editor1-first=Haim|editor2-last=Dishon|editor2-first=Daniel|title=Middle East Contemporary Survey. Volume VIII: 1983–84|location=Tel Aviv|publisher=Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies|isbn=978-965-224-006-4|year=1986|pages=578–603}} *{{cite journal |first=Maano |last=Ramutsindela |year=2009 |title=Gaddafi, Continentalism and Sovereignty in Africa |journal=South African Geographical Journal |volume=91 |issue=1 |pages=1–3 |doi=10.1080/03736245.2009.9725324 |bibcode=2009SAfGJ..91....1R |s2cid=153609561 }} *{{cite journal |last1=Sacerdoti |first1=Giorgio |first2=Pia |last2=Acconci |title=The Security Council's Asset Freeze against Gaddafi's Libya and its Implementation in Libya |journal=The Italian Yearbook of International Law Online |year=2011 |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=61–84 |doi=10.1163/22116133-90000210 }} *{{cite book|last=Simons|first=Geoff|author-link=|title=Libya: The Struggle for Survival|publisher=Macmillan|edition=second|location=Houndmills and London|year=1996|isbn=978-0-23038-011-0}} *{{cite book|last=Simons|first=Geoff|author-link=|title=Libya and the West: From Independence to Lockerbie|publisher=Centre for Libyan Studies|location=Oxford|year=2003|isbn=978-1-86064-988-2|url=https://archive.org/details/libyawestfromind00simo|url-access=limited}} *{{cite journal |last=St. John |first=Ronald Bruce |author-link= |title=The Ideology of Muammar al-Qadhdhafi: Theory and Practice |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-middle-east-studies_1983-11_15_4/page/471 |journal=International Journal of Middle East Studies |volume=15 |number=4 |year=1983 |pages=471–490 |jstor=163557 |doi=10.1017/S0020743800051394 |s2cid=145692912}} *{{cite journal |last=St. John |first=Ronald Bruce |title=Redefining the Libyan Revolution: The Changing Ideology of Muammar al-Qaddafi |journal=The Journal of North African Studies |year=2008 |volume=13 |number=1 |pages=91–106 |doi=10.1080/13629380701742819 |s2cid=219626768 }} *{{cite book|last=St. John|first=Ronald Bruce |title=Libya: From Colony to Revolution|url=https://archive.org/details/libyafromcolonyt0000stjo_v9k5|edition=rev.|publisher=Oneworld|location=Oxford|year=2012|isbn=978-1-85168-919-4}} * {{cite book |last=Sykes |first=Alan |title=The Radical Right in Britain: Social Imperialism to the BNP |url=https://archive.org/details/radicalrightinbr0000syke |year=2005 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |location=Basingstoke and New York |isbn=978-0333599242 }} *{{cite journal|last=Tandon|first=Yash|year=2011|title=Whose Dictator Is Qaddafi? The Empire and Its Neo-Colonies|journal=Insight on Africa|volume=3|issue=1|pages=1–21|doi=10.1177/0975087814411129|s2cid=155823080}} *{{cite book|last=Vandewalle|first=Dirk|title=A History of Modern Libya|location=Cambridge|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2006|isbn=978-0-521-61554-9|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofmodernl0000vand}} *{{cite book|last=Vandewalle|first=Dirk |chapter=Libya in the New Millennium |date=2008a |editor-last=Vandewalle|editor-first=Dirk|title=Libya Since 1969: Qadhafi's Revolution Revisited|url=https://archive.org/details/libyasince1969qa0000unse|location=Basingstoke, England|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|pages=[https://archive.org/details/libyasince1969qa0000unse/page/215 215]–237|doi=10.1007/978-0-230-61386-7_10|isbn=978-0-230-33750-3}} *{{cite book|last=Vandewalle|first=Dirk |chapter=Libya's Revolution in Perspective 1969–2000 |date=2008b |editor-last=Vandewalle|editor-first=Dirk|title=Libya Since 1969: Qadhafi's Revolution Revisited|url=https://archive.org/details/libyasince1969qa0000unse|location=Basingstoke, England|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|pages=[https://archive.org/details/libyasince1969qa0000unse/page/9 9]–53|doi=10.1007/978-0-230-61386-7_2|isbn=978-0-230-33750-3}} *{{cite journal|last=Zoubir|first=Yahia H.|year=2009|title=Libya and Europe: Economic Realism at the Rescue of the Qaddafi Authoritarian Regime|journal=Journal of Contemporary European Studies|volume=17|issue=3|pages=401–415|doi=10.1080/14782800903339354|s2cid=153625134}} == External links == {{Sister project links|wikt=no|commons=Category:Muammar al-Gaddafi|b=no|n=Category:Muammar al-Gaddafi|q=Muammar Gaddafi|v=no|d=Q19878|voy=no|s=yes}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGm492qVEzA Torture and assassination of Gaddaffi] – ABC News video * [https://web.archive.org/web/20121126093043/http://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/552527 U.S. Policy Towards Qaddafi] from the [https://web.archive.org/web/20120312181034/http://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/552494/browse?type=title Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives] * [https://www.aljazeera.com/topics/person/muammar-gaddafi.html Muammar Gaddafi] collected news and commentary at Al Jazeera English * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12688033 The Muammar Gaddafi] story at BBC Online * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/muammar-gaddafi Muammar Gaddafi] collected news and commentary at ''The Guardian'' * [https://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/q/muammar_el_qaddafi/index.html Muammar Gaddafi] collected news and commentary at ''The New York Times'' * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S6JaxKsK8Q0 2009 UN Security council speech from Al jazeera (English)] on YouTube {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Gaddafi, Muammar}} [[Category:Muammar Gaddafi| ]] [[Category:1942 births]] [[Category:2011 deaths]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Libyan people]] 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[[Category:Politicians dem assassinate insyd 2011]] [[Category:Politicians dem kill insyd wars]] [[Category:Politicide perpetrators]] [[Category:Prime ministers of Libya]] [[Category:Recipients of de Order of Bohdan Khmelnytsky, 1st class]] [[Category:Recipients of de Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, 1st class]] [[Category:Secretaries-general of de general People's Congress]] 4z7tunfvso3ncwn94tv5uwe6lbhvrp7 0 16113 112527 76405 2026-09-25T02:03:18Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112527 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America''' ('''N'COBRA''') be an organization dat advocate for financial compensation for de descendants of former slaves insyd de [[United States]].<ref name="NYTimes19940721">{{cite news|title=Blacks Press the Case for Reparations for Slavery|first=Lena|last=Williams|date=July 21, 1994|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/07/21/us/blacks-press-the-case-for-reparations-for-slavery.html}}</ref><ref name="NYTimes20010604">{{cite news|title=Calls for Slavery Restitution Getting Louder|first=Tamar|last=Lewin|date=June 4, 2001|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/06/04/us/calls-for-slavery-restitution-getting-louder.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=What to know about calls for reparations for Britain's legacy of slavery in the Caribbean|date=September 16, 2022|publisher=PBS|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/what-to-know-about-calls-for-reparations-for-britains-legacy-of-slavery-in-the-caribbean|first1=Kenichi|last1=Serino|first2=Justin|last2=Stabley}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=MACARAEG|first1=SARAH|last2=KUNICHOFF|first2=YANA|date=March 21, 2017|title=How Chicago Became the First City to Make Reparations to Victims of Police Violence: The ordinance provides a meaningful model for creating reparations at the local level|url=https://www.yesmagazine.org/issue/science/2017/03/21/how-chicago-became-the-first-city-to-make-reparations-to-victims-of-police-violence|url-status=live|work=Yes!}}</ref> == History == De National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations insyd America (N'COBRA) dey start on September 26, 1987.<ref name="NCOBRAwebsite">{{cite web|title=What is N'COBRA?|url=https://ncobra.org/aboutus/index.html|access-date=February 26, 2023|website=ncobra.org|publisher=National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America}}</ref> Na e main goal be to share information den work toward getting reparations for slavery insyd de United States.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=The Case for Reparations|first=Ta-Nehisi|last=Coates|author-link=|work=The Atlantic|date=June 2014|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/06/the-case-for-reparations/361631/|quote=In the 20th century, the cause of reparations was taken up by a diverse cast that included the Confederate veteran Walter R. Vaughan, who believed that reparations would be a stimulus for the South; the black activist Callie House; black-nationalist leaders like “Queen Mother” Audley Moore; and the civil-rights activist James Forman. The movement coalesced in 1987 under an umbrella organization called the National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America (N'COBRA).}}</ref> De group be founded by Imari Obadele<ref>{{cite news|title=Imari Obadele, Who Fought for Reparations, Dies at 79|first=Douglas|last=Martin|date=February 5, 2010|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/06/us/06obadele.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=February 1, 2023|title=In the News: Mayor Sarno, Representative Williams and Officials Celebrate 37th Annual Black American Heritage with Special Flag Raising Ceremony|url=https://www.springfield-ma.gov/cos/news-story?tx_news_pi1%5Baction%5D=detail&tx_news_pi1%5Bcontroller%5D=News&tx_news_pi1%5Bnews%5D=16140&cHash=a1eb084222797553936bc545ec5d1158|website=springfield-ma.gov|publisher=City of Springfield, Massachusetts}}</ref> den Chokwe Lumumba.<ref>{{cite book|last=Winbush|first=Raymond|title=Should America Pay?: Slavery and the Raging Debate on Reparations.|date=2010|publisher=HarperCollins|location=New York, NY}}</ref> Oda groups dat help start N'COBRA include de National Conference of Black Lawyers, de New Afrikan Peoples Organization, den de Republic of New Afrika.<ref name="NCOBRAwebsite" /> Insyd 1994, N'COBRA hold a big meeting insyd Detroit. Na one of de speakers be Queen Mother Moore,<ref>{{cite news|title=Queen Mother Moore, 98, Harlem Rights Leader, Dies|first=Eric|last=Pace|date=May 7, 1997|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/05/07/nyregion/queen-mother-moore-98-harlem-rights-leader-dies.html}}</ref> who help start de Republic of New Afrika. == Organizational structure == N'COBRA do ein work through nine main national groups:<ref name="NCOBRAwebsite" /><ref name="ERT">{{cite news|title=National Reparations Awareness Day celebrated, but not well known|first=Gina|last=Castro|date=February 23, 2023|url=https://evanstonroundtable.com/2023/02/23/national-reparations-awareness-day-celebrated-but-not-well-known/|work=Evanston RoundTable}}</ref> # Economic Development # Human Resources # Legal Strategies # Legislation # Information and Media # Membership and Organizational Growth # International Affairs # Youth # Education There be three types of members insyd N'COBRA: individual members, local den national chapters, den partner organizations. N'COBRA has members across de United States<ref name="NYTimes19940721" /> (like insyd Philadelphia)<ref>{{cite web|last=Levy|first=Jordan|date=January 20, 2023|title=Philadelphia is open to exploring a reparations task force, city says, after advocates push for action: The idea of a formal commission is backed by activists, Council members, and at least one mayoral candidate|url=https://billypenn.com/2023/01/20/philadelphia-reparations-commission-task-force-ncobra/|url-status=live|work=Billy Penn}}</ref> den sanso insyd parts of Africa, Europe, Central den South America, den de Caribbean.<ref name="NCOBRAwebsite" /> De organization dey lead by a national board of directors. == Positions == De National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations insyd America (N'COBRA) says ein mission be to seek justice den repair for de harms caused by slavery. ...to win full Reparations for Black African Descendants dey reside insyd de United States den ein territories for de genocidal war against Africans dat create de TransAtlantic Slave "Trade" Chattel Slavery, Jim Crow den Chattel Slavery ein continuing vestiges (de Maafa). To dat end, NCOBRA shall organize den mobilize all strata of these Black communities, into an effective mass-based reparations movement. NCOBRA dey sanso serve as a coordinating body for de reparations effort insyd de United States. Further, through ein leadership role insyd de reparations movement insyd de United States den ein territories, NCOBRA recognize reparations be a just demand for all African peoples den shall join plus odas insyd building de international reparations movement. Since at least 2017, N'COBRA has pushed for reparations to be given through rebuilding den improving Black communities, rather than giving money directly to individuals whose ancestors be enslaved.<ref name="NewStandard">{{cite news|author=Michelle Chen|date=March 7, 2007|url=http://newstandardnews.net/content/index.cfm/items/4449|title=Bill to Study Slavery Reparations Still Facing Resistance|work=The NewStandard|accessdate=March 11, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070317105452/http://newstandardnews.net/content/index.cfm/items/4449|archive-date=17 March 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> Insyd 2022, Taiwo Kujichagulia-Seitu from N'COBRA dey explain dat de group ein goal be to achieve “full repair” for de damage caused by slavery. {| class="wikitable" | valign="top" |It can't just be a check. So one of the biggest things in terms of full repair is we have to eliminate that myth of white supremacy.... [L]et's pretend every Black person in this country was given land and that we were able to ... start catching up economically. That would not eliminate that myth of white supremacy, which means, the minute we're off our land, we could still be profiled by the police..., we would still have certain harms done to us. So when we talk about full repair, we have to look at solutions that target every single issue. And financial payments or money is not enough to fully repair what has gone wrong as a result of enslavement and colonization and now this belief in racism. | valign="bottom" | |} ==== '''Juneteenth''' ==== Since de early 1990s, N'COBRA dey celebrate Juneteenth, a holiday dat marks de end of slavery insyd de United States.<ref name="ERT" /> '''H.R. 40''' H.R. 40 be a bill insyd Congress called de ''Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African-Americans Act''. E be first introduced insyd 1989 by Representatives John Conyers (D-MI) den Sheila Jackson Lee (D-TX), den e has been reintroduced insyd every Congress since then.<ref>RIVAS, REBECCA (June 17, 2022). [https://missouriindependent.com/2022/06/17/reparations-for-black-americans-seeing-unprecedented-national-support-advocates-say/ "Reparations for Black Americans seeing unprecedented national support, advocates say: As Juneteenth nears, civil rights groups call on president to sign executive order to begin reparations process"]. ''Missouri Independent''.</ref> Insyd 2001, N'COBRA officially dey support H.R. 40. At dat time, de group, along plus ein lead legal advisor Adjoa Aiyetoro, sana be preparing a lawsuit against de U.S. government to demand reparations.<ref name="NYTimes20010604" /> === 2016 Movement for Black Lives policy platform === Insyd August 2016, de Movement for Black Lives, a group connect to de Black Lives Matter movement, released a policy platform focused on reparations.<ref>{{cite news|title=Black Lives Matter Coalition Makes Demands as Campaign Heats Up|first=Yamiche|last=Alcindor|date=August 1, 2016|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/02/us/politics/black-lives-matter-campaign.html}}</ref> De platform dey include six main demands den 40 policy ideas. Ein name be reparations for the long-term harm caused by slavery den for more support for education den jobs for African Americans.<ref name="Reuters">{{cite news|date=August 2, 2016|title=Slavery reparations sought in first Black Lives Matter agenda|first=Eric M.|last=Johnson|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-politics-race/slavery-reparations-sought-in-first-black-lives-matter-agenda-idUSKCN10C3E1|work=Reuters}}</ref> Reuters praised de platform as de first time dat Black-led groups dey connect to de Black Lives Matter movement had come together to create a detailed deni united policy plan.<ref name="Reuters" /> == Criticism == Some people say dat N'COBRA has not made much progress insyd pushing for reparations insyd de United States.<ref>{{cite web|last=Changamire|first=Kofi|date=Aug 1, 2019|title=Dereliction of Duty; The 30 year tenure of N'COBRA|url=https://medium.com/@productionsporo/dereliction-of-duty-the-30-year-tenure-of-ncobra-by-kofi-changamire-d0184046d502|website=Medium}}</ref><ref name="Moguldom">{{cite web|last=Brown|first=Ann|date=May 3, 2022|title=Are NAARC And N'COBRA Blocking A Modern, Lineage-Based Reparations Claim?|url=https://moguldom.com/406406/are-naarc-and-ncobra-blocking-a-modern-lineage-based-reparations-claim/|work=The Moguldom Nation}}</ref> For example, reparations expert William A. Darity Jr. said dat N'COBRA ein plans will not lead to a reparations program dat gives direct payments to Black Americans who are descendants of slavery insyd de U.S.<ref name="Moguldom" /> == Well-known Current den Former Members == * Imari Obadele — co-founder * Chokwe Lumumba — co-founder * James Forman<ref>Sinha, Manisha (September 20, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-long-history-of-american-slavery-reparations-11568991623 "The Long History of American Slavery Reparations: From the colonial era to today, the bitter legacy of bondage and racial oppression has sparked demands for compensation, with some successes and many broken promises"]. ''Wall Street Journal''.</ref> * Efia Nwangaza - National co-chair<ref>{{Cite web |date=2004 |title=N'Cobra Organizational Leadership Roundtable Report |url=https://ncobra.org/resources/pdf/NOR%20Report%20-%20web.pdf |access-date=September 1, 2024 |website=N'Cobra.org}}</ref> * Adjoa Aiyetoro — chief legal consultant * Robin Rue Simmons — lifetime member<ref>{{cite web|date=September 14, 2022|title=How The City Of Evanston Is Paying Reparations: Robin Rue Simmons shares how Evanston, Illinois created a restorative housing fund that enabled 16 Black seniors to make home improvements or mortgage payments|url=https://nextcity.org/webinars/how-the-city-of-evanston-is-paying-reparations|url-status=live|publisher=Next City}}</ref> * Conrad Worrill — economic development commissioner == Sanso see == * H.R. 40 — Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African-Americans Act * H.R. 40 Wikiquotes * American Descendants of Slavery * Mayors Organized for Reparations and Equity * National African American Reparations Commission * Civil Liberties Act of 1988 — reparations to Japanese Americans interned by the United States government during World War II) * Reparations Agreement between Israel and the Federal Republic of Germany (1952) == Read further == * {{cite web|last1=Aiyetoro|first1=Adjoa|author-link1=|last2=Davis|first2=Adrienne D.|date=19 Jun 2010|title=Historic and Modern Social Movements for Reparations: The National Coalition for Reparations in America (N'COBRA) and its Antecedents|url=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1626991|url-status=live|publisher=Washington University in St. Louis Legal Studies Research Paper No. 10-06-08|ssrn=1626991}} * {{cite web|last1=Karenga|first1=Maulana|author-link=|title=The Ethics of Reparations: Engaging the Holocaust of Enslavement|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801090448/http://www.ncobraonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Karenga-THE-ETHICS-OF-REPARATIONS.pdf|publisher=The National Coalition of Blacks for Reparations in America|access-date=31 January 2017|date=22–23 June 2001|archive-date=1 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801090448/https://web.archive.org/web/20170801090448/http://www.ncobraonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Karenga-THE-ETHICS-OF-REPARATIONS.pdf|url-status=usurped}} * {{cite book|last1=Taifa|first1=Nkechi|first2=Chokwe|last2=Lumumba|author-link2=|title=Reparations Yes|edition=3rd|location=Baton Rouge|publisher=House of Songhay|orig-date=1983, 1987|date=1993}} == References == <references /> === Sources === * {{cite web|title=US: Groups Ask Biden to Create Commission to Study Reparations: 150-foot Pan-African Flag Outside White House Raises Awareness of Slavery's Legacy|date=June 16, 2022|publisher=Human Rights Watch|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/06/16/us-groups-ask-biden-create-commission-study-reparations}} * {{cite press release|title='Why We Can't Wait' Coalition Statement on US Failure to Establish H.R. 40 / S. 40 Commission|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/08/23/why-we-cant-wait-coalition-statement-us-failure-establish-hr-40/s-40-commission|date=August 23, 2022|publisher=Human Rights Watch}} * {{cite news|title=Six questions about slavery reparations, answered|first1=Breeanna|last1=Hare|first2=Doug|last2=Criss|work=CNN|date=August 15, 2020|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/15/us/slavery-reparations-explanation-trnd/index.html}} * {{cite news|title=An Executive Order for Reparations|date=December 6, 2022|first=Dr. Julianne |last=Malveaux|url=https://seattlemedium.com/an-executive-order-for-reparations/|work=Seattle Medium}} == External links == * [https://www.officialncobraonline.org/ Official website] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250704070956/https://www.officialncobraonline.org/legacy-site N'COBRA legacy site] {{DEFAULTSORT:National Coalition for Reparations in America}} [[Category:African-American organizations]] [[Category:American reparationists]] [[Category:Organizations dem establish insyd 1987]] [[Category:Reparations for slavery insyd de United States]] 43zojsz7vqpansedrd2ek4mx33o0uu8 0 16171 112459 110915 2026-09-25T00:10:32Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112459 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Benin_brass_plaque_03_(cropped).jpg|thumb|A Benin Bronze plaque on display insyd de [[British Museum]]]] [[File:Ancestral_shrine_Royal_Palace,_Benin_City,_1891_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Ancestral shrine insyd Royal Palace, Benin City, 1891: de earliest-known photograph of de Oba ein compound. Note 'bronze' heads at both ends of de shrine.]] De '''Benin Bronzes''' be a group of chaw thousand metal plaques den sculptures wey decorate de royal palace of de Kingdom of Benin, insyd wat now be Edo State, [[Nigeria]]. Na dem produce de metal plaques by de Guild of Benin Bronze Casters, now dey locate insyd Igun Street, dem sanso know as Igun-Eronmwon Quarters. Collectively, de objects form de best examples of Benin art wey na dem create from de fourteenth century by artists of de Edo people.<ref>{{Cite web|title=British Museum, "Curator's comments"|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/E_Af1898-0115-23|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028163529/https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/E_Af1898-0115-23|archive-date=28 October 2021|access-date=17 May 2021}}</ref><ref>[https://archive.artic.edu/benin/artwork/190110 "Court Dwarfs | The Art Institute of Chicago"]. ''archive.artic.edu''. Retrieved 29 May 2025.</ref><ref name=":0">[[:en:Benin_Bronzes#CITEREFHuera1988|Huera 1988]], p. 36.</ref><ref name=":1">[[:en:Benin_Bronzes#CITEREFHuera1988|Huera 1988]], p. 37.</ref><ref name=":2">Meyerowitz, Eva L. R. (1943). "Ancient Bronzes in the Royal Palace at Benin". ''The Burlington Magazine''. '''83''' (487). The Burlington Magazine Publications, Ltd.: 248–253. [[JSTOR (identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/868735 868735].</ref> De plaques, wich insyd de Edo language dem be called ''Ama'',<ref>{{Cite web|title=Digital Benin|url=https://digitalbenin.org/eyo-oto/1|access-date=2023-11-26|website=digitalbenin.org}}</ref> dey depict scenes anaa represent themes insyd de history of de kingdom.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hicks|first=Dan|title=The Brutish Museums: The Benin Bronzes, Colonial Violence and Cultural Restitution|publisher=Pluto Press|year=2020|location=London|pages=138–139}}</ref> Apart from de plaques, oda sculptures insyd brass anaa bronze dey include portrait heads, jewellery, den smaller pieces. [[File:Benin,_portoghese,_XVI-XVII_sec.JPG|thumb|A 16th-century Benin Bronze wey dey depict a Portuguese soldier, plus manillas insyd de background (Leipzig Museum of Ethnography)]] Na sam of de dramatic sculptures date to de fourteenth century, buh de bulk of de collection dey date to de fifteenth den sixteenth centuries. Dem dey believe dat na two "Golden Ages" insyd Benin metal workmanship occurred during de reigns of Esigie (fl. 1550) den of Eresoyen (1735–1750), wen na dema workmanship achieve ein highest quality.<ref>[[:en:Benin_Bronzes#CITEREFGreenfield2007|Greenfield 2007]], p. 122.</ref> Na British forces take chaw of de plaques den oda objects during de Benin Expedition of 1897 as na de British Empire ein control be consolidated insyd Southern Nigeria.<ref name="British">{{cite web|last=Lusher|first=Adam|date=24 June 2018|title=British museums may loan Nigeria bronzes that were taken from Nigeria by the British|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/benin-bronzes-british-museum-nigeria-stolen-imperialist-treasures-return-loan-elgin-marbles-looted-a8414661.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030042646/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/benin-bronzes-british-museum-nigeria-stolen-imperialist-treasures-return-loan-elgin-marbles-looted-a8414661.html|archive-date=30 October 2021|access-date=14 December 2018|website=The Independent}}</ref> Na dis expedition be positioned by British sources as retaliation for a massacre of an unarmed party of British envoys den a large number of dema African bearers insyd January 1897. Sam contemporary scholars, such as Dan Hicks, dey argue dat na de expedition be part of a broader series of premeditated attacks, dem frame as retaliatory anaa punitive, make dem further European imperialistic den economic interests insyd Africa.<ref name=":22">{{Cite book|last=Hicks|first=Dan|title=The Brutish Museums: the Benin Bronzes, colonial violence and cultural restitution|publisher=Pluto Press|year=2020|isbn=978-0-7453 4176-7|pages=3, 40–42, 67–69, 84}}</ref> Dey follow de expedition, na dem take two hundred pieces to de [[British Museum]] insyd London, while na dem take de rest to oda European museums.<ref>[[:en:Benin_Bronzes#CITEREFGreenfield2007|Greenfield 2007]], p. 124.</ref> De British Museum<ref>Lusher, Adam (24 June 2018). [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/benin-bronzes-british-museum-nigeria-stolen-imperialist-treasures-return-loan-elgin-marbles-looted-a8414661.html "British museums may loan Nigeria bronzes that were taken from Nigeria by the British"]. ''The Independent''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20211030042646/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/benin-bronzes-british-museum-nigeria-stolen-imperialist-treasures-return-loan-elgin-marbles-looted-a8414661.html Archived] from the original on 30 October 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2018.</ref> hold large number plus oda notable collections insyd [[Germany]] den de [[United States]].<ref name="USA232">''Benin Diplomatic Handbook'', p. 23.</ref> .Na late 19th-century scholars O. M. Dalton den Charles Hercules Read erroneously conclude dat na Benin knowledge of metallurgy cam from de Portuguese traders, wey na dem dey in contact plus Benin insyd de early modern period.<ref name=":2" /> Na de Kingdom of Benin be a hub of African civilization long before na Portuguese traders visit,<ref name="BBCBen">{{cite news|title=The kingdom of Benin|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zpvckqt/articles/z3n7mp3|access-date=8 July 2021|archive-date=29 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629031139/https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/zpvckqt/articles/z3n7mp3|url-status=live}}</ref> wey na dem make bronzes insyd Benin prior to de arrival of de Portuguese.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Mihăilescu|first1=Plutarh-Antoniu|title=Întâlnire cu arta africană|date=1968|publisher=Editura Meridiane|page=48|language=ro}}</ref> Dem dey think dem derive de Benin bronze sculpture tradition from anaa e be influenced by dat of de older nearby Kingdom of Ife insyd southwest Nigeria.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /> While de collection be known as de Benin Bronzes,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Gregg|first1=Emma|title=The story of Nigeria's stolen Benin Bronzes, and the London museum returning them|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/nigeria-stolen-benin-bronzes-london-museum|work=National Geographic|date=2022-09-07}}</ref> like chaw West African "bronzes" na dem mostly make de pieces of brass of variable composition. Der sanso be pieces dem make of mixtures of bronze den brass, of wood, of ceramic, den of ivory, among oda materials.<ref>[[:en:Benin_Bronzes#CITEREFDohlvik2006|Dohlvik 2006]], p. 21.</ref> Na dem make de metal pieces by dem dey use lost-wax casting wey na dem be considered among de best African sculptures dem make dey use dis technique.<ref>[[:en:Benin_Bronzes#CITEREFNevadomsky2004|Nevadomsky 2004]], pp. 1, 4, 86–8, 95–6.</ref> Na Benin begin dey trade ivory, pepper, den [[Atlantic slave trade|slaves]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Santos |first1=Talita Teixeira dos |date=July 2010 |title=Com a cruz e sem a espada: aspectos da relação comercial entre Portugal e o reino do Benim ao longo dos séculos XV e XVI. |url=http://www.encontro2010.rj.anpuh.org/resources/anais/8/1276639759_ARQUIVO_Trabalho_benim.pdf |journal=Associação Nacional de História |volume=XIV}}</ref> plus de Portuguese insyd de late 15th century wey na dem incorporate de use of manillas (brass ingots insyd de form of bracelets, dem buy from de Portuguese) as a metal source insyd dema sculpture. De manillas dema brass, dem previously suggest dem cam from The Netherlands, dem now dey think say dem cam from de Rhineland region of Germany.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Skowronek |first1=Tobias B. |last2=Decorse |first2=Christopher R. |last3=Denk |first3=Rolf |last4=Birr |first4=Stefan D. |last5=Kingsley |first5=Sean |last6=Cook |first6=Gregory D. |last7=Benito Dominguez |first7=Ana María |last8=Clifford |first8=Brandon |last9=Barker |first9=Andrew |last10=Otero |first10=José Suárez |last11=Moreira |first11=Vicente Caramés |last12=Bode |first12=Michael |last13=Jansen |first13=Moritz |last14=Scholes |first14=Daniel |date=2023 |title=German brass for Benin Bronzes: Geochemical analysis insights into the early Atlantic trade |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=18 |issue=4 |pages=e0283415 |bibcode=2023PLoSO..1883415S |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0283415 |pmc=10075414 |pmid=37018227 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Alberge|first1=Dalya|date=5 April 2023|title=Benin bronzes made from metal mined in west Germany, study finds|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/apr/05/benin-bronzes-made-from-brass-mined-in-west-germany-study-finds|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408050236/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/apr/05/benin-bronzes-made-from-brass-mined-in-west-germany-study-finds|archive-date=8 April 2023|access-date=8 April 2023|website=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Famous Benin Bronzes from West Africa used metal sourced in Germany|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2368057-famous-benin-bronzes-from-west-africa-used-metal-sourced-in-germany/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407104457/https://www.newscientist.com/article/2368057-famous-benin-bronzes-from-west-africa-used-metal-sourced-in-germany/|archive-date=7 April 2023|access-date=8 April 2023|website=New Scientist}}</ref> == Pre-1897 Significance == De time before 1897, insyd de period of de kingdom of Benin, na ebe identified as de relative independence den power, dem sanso know as de Edo Empire. De pre-1897 significance of de Benin Kingdom, wey be governed by de obas, dem sanso include control over trade den territory den dey nurture de production of bronze den ivory art. Na de kingdom sanso encounter challenges from de British secof na dem dey try make dem gain access to Benin resources. == History == === Social context den creation === Plenty dramatic sculptures wey dey here na from thirteen century, and big part of di collection sef dey from fifteen and sixteen century. Dem believe say two 'Golden Ages' for Benin metal work happen during Esigie reign (around 1550) and Eresoyen reign (1735-1750), when demma workmanship work reach im highest quality.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Igbafe |first1=Phillip |date=1975 |title=Slavery and Emancipation in Benin, 1897-1945 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/180474 |url-status=live |journal=The Journal of African History |edition=3 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=409–429 |doi=10.1017/S002185370001433X |jstor=180474 |s2cid=161431780 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230301190351/https://www.jstor.org/stable/180474 |archive-date=1 March 2023 |access-date=24 October 2022}}</ref> {{Quote box|width=246px|bgcolor=#c6dbf7|align=right|quote=Di king palace wey dem dey call court, e be square, and e big pass di town of Haarlem. E dey surrounded by special wall like di one wey dey round di town. Di place dey divided into plenty fine palaces, houses, and apartments for di courtiers, plus fine long square galleries...dem dey sit on wooden pillars, from top to bottom dem don cover am with cast copper wey dem engrave pictures of dia war exploits and battles on top, and dem dey keep am very clean.|source=[[Olfert Dapper]], a Dutch writer, describing Benin in his book ''[[Description of Africa (Olfert Dapper)|Description of Africa]]'' (1668){{sfn|Willett|1985|p=102}}}}Kingdom of Benin wey dey for south Nigeria from fourteen to nineteen century, dey rich full with sculptures wey get plenty materials like iron, bronze, wood, ivory and terra cotta. De Oba palace for Benin City, where dem dey make royal ancestral altars, be also where dem dey do plenty court ceremonies plus Oba, him warriors, chiefs, titleholders, priests, palace society members, foreign merchants, mercenaries, and plenty other people dey participate. De palace, wey big well well with plenty buildings and courtyards, be where you go see hundreds of brass plaques wey get images wey show people and events wey dey happen for court.<ref name="Ezra">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Kate|url=https://archive.org/details/royalartofbeninp0000ezra|title=Royal art of Benin: the Perls collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|year=1992|isbn=978-0-8109-6414-3|location=New York|url-access=registration}}</ref> Bronze plus ivory things get plenty roles for dem rituals and court life for Benin Kingdom. Dem dey use am mainly to decorate di royal palace wey get plenty bronze works insyde.{{sfn|Pijoan|1966|p=12}} Dem dey hang am for di pillars of di palace with nails wey dem punch through.<ref name="Ezra2">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Kate|url=https://archive.org/details/royalartofbeninp0000ezra|title=Royal art of Benin: the Perls collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|year=1992|isbn=978-0-8109-6414-3|location=New York|url-access=registration}}</ref> As court art, di main goal na to show off di Oba, di divine king, and him imperial power history or to pay respect to di Iyoba of Benin (di queen mother).<ref name="Kings">{{cite journal |last=Plankensteiner |first=Barbara |date=22 December 2007 |title=Benin--Kings and Rituals: court arts from Nigeria. |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/print/PrintArticle.aspx?id=171138749 |journal=African Arts |publisher=University of California |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=74–87 |doi=10.1162/afar.2007.40.4.74 |issn=0001-9933 |s2cid=57571805 |url-access=subscription |access-date=20 July 2010}}</ref> Art for Benin Kingdom come in different styles, with bronze and brass reliefs and di heads of kings and queen mothers be di most popular ones. Bronze containers, bells, ornaments, jewelry, and ritual things too get fine qualities and originality, show di skills of di people wey make dem, but sometimes dem dey overshadow by di figurative works for bronze plus ivory carvings.<ref name="Kings2">{{cite journal |last=Plankensteiner |first=Barbara |date=22 December 2007 |title=Benin--Kings and Rituals: court arts from Nigeria. |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/print/PrintArticle.aspx?id=171138749 |journal=African Arts |publisher=University of California |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=74–87 |doi=10.1162/afar.2007.40.4.74 |issn=0001-9933 |s2cid=57571805 |url-access=subscription |access-date=20 July 2010}}</ref> For tropical Africa, dem don sabi the lost-wax casting tori early, as dem works wey come from Benin show. When king waka comot, him successor go fit dey order say make dem create bronze head of him former. About 170 of this sculptures dey, and di oldest ones fit waka back to di twelfth century.{{sfn|Gowing|1984|p=578}} Di Oba, or king, dey hold onto di materials wey hard to get like gold, elephant tusks, and bronze. Na dis kings make di fine Benin bronzes fit happen; so, di royal courts help plenty for di growth of sub-Saharan art.{{sfn|Leuzinger|1976|p=24}} For 1939, dem find some heads wey be like the ones wey dey Kingdom of Benin for Ife, wey be the holy city of the Yoruba, and dem date am back to fourteenth plus fifteenth century. Dis finding kpeme say e support wetin dem dey talk say na artists from Ife teach Benin how to do bronze metalwork.{{sfn|Huera|1988|p=36}} Dem start to recognize de old technology for Benin well well when dem fit date dem sculptures to that time.{{sfn|Huera|1988|p=37}} ===== European interest plus de Benin Expedition of 1897 ===== [[File:Ancient_Benin_city.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ancient_Benin_city.JPG|thumb|Na wetin Dutch artist draw wey show how Benin City be for 1686 French edition of ). [[:en:Olfert_Dapper|Olfert Dapper]]'s ''[[:en:Description_of_Africa_(1668_book)|Description of Africa]]'' (1668).{{sfn|Willett|1985|pp=100-1}}]] Small examples of African art dey for European hands before de 19th century, but dem don already dey print books wey show Benin City and the oba palace from early 1600s.<ref>{{Citation|last1=Anagnost|first1=Adrian|title=Edo Spaces, European Images: Iterations of Art and Architecture in Benin|date=2022-12-19|url=https://www.artic.edu/digital-publications/36/perspectives-on-instability/14/edo-spaces-european-images|work=Perspectives on In/Stability|editor-last=Collier|editor-first=Delinda|publisher=The Art Institute of Chicago|doi=10.53269/26939851/01/02|isbn=978-0-86559-314-5|access-date=2022-12-26|last2=Gueorguiev|first2=Manol|editor2-last=Farrell|editor2-first=Robyn|doi-access=free|archive-date=26 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221226223419/https://www.artic.edu/digital-publications/36/perspectives-on-instability/14/edo-spaces-european-images|url-status=live}}</ref> Na only as 19th century start, when colonization and missionary work begin, more African works start waka go Europe, where dem dey call am simple curiosities of 'pagan' cults. This mindset come change after de Benin Expedition for 1897. For 1897, di vice consul general James Robert Phillips wey dey work for Niger Coast Protectorate, plus six other British people, two businessmen, translators, and 215 porters, set go Benin from small port wey dey Sapele, Nigeria.<ref name="Meyerowitz">{{cite journal |last=Meyerowitz |first=Eva L. R. |year=1943 |title=Ancient Bronzes in the Royal Palace at Benin |journal=[[The Burlington Magazine]] |publisher=The Burlington Magazine Publications, Ltd. |volume=83 |pages=248–253 |jstor=868735 |number=487}}</ref> Di real reason for dem visit dey controversial. Dem talk say dem dey go negotiate with di Oba of Benin, but some historians say na reconnaissance mission dem come disguise as peaceful diplomatic team to fit topple di king (Oba) of Benin.<ref>Philip Igbafe, ''Benin under British Administration: the Impact of Colonial Rule on an African Kingdom, 1897-1938'' (1979), pp. 56-61</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Obinyan |first=T. U. |date=September 1988 |title=The Annexation of Benin |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-black-studies_1988-09_19_1/page/29 |journal=Journal of Black Studies |publisher=Sage . |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=29–40 |doi=10.1177/002193478801900103 |jstor=2784423 |s2cid=142726955}}</ref> Even though dem don give word about dem visit, dem later hear say make dem delay di journey, cause no foreigner fit enter di city while rituals dey happen;<ref name="USA">''Benin Diplomatic Handbook'', p. 21.</ref>{{sfn|Dohlvik|2006|pp=21-2}} but di travellers no mind di warning and continue demma expedition.{{sfn|Greenfield|2007|p=123}} Dem ambush dem for di south of di city by Oba warriors, and only two Europeans survive di massacre wey follow.<ref name="Meyerowitz2">{{cite journal |last=Meyerowitz |first=Eva L. R. |year=1943 |title=Ancient Bronzes in the Royal Palace at Benin |journal=[[The Burlington Magazine]] |publisher=The Burlington Magazine Publications, Ltd. |volume=83 |pages=248–253 |jstor=868735 |number=487}}</ref><ref name="USA2">''Benin Diplomatic Handbook'', p. 21.</ref> [[File:Drawing_of_Benin_City_made_by_an_English_officer_1897.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Drawing_of_Benin_City_made_by_an_English_officer_1897.jpg|left|thumb|Na illustration wey dem draw of [[:en:Benin_City|Benin City]] City for 1897, by British man wey dey work for government]] Di news of di wahala reach London eight days later, and dem quickly organize navy mission,<ref name="Meyerowitz3">{{cite journal |last=Meyerowitz |first=Eva L. R. |year=1943 |title=Ancient Bronzes in the Royal Palace at Benin |journal=[[The Burlington Magazine]] |publisher=The Burlington Magazine Publications, Ltd. |volume=83 |pages=248–253 |jstor=868735 |number=487}}</ref><ref name="USA3">''Benin Diplomatic Handbook'', p. 21.</ref>{{sfn|Greenfield|2007|p=123}} wey Admiral Harry Rawson go lead. British soldiers come sack and destroy Benin City.<ref name="Meyerowitz3" /><ref name="USA3" /> After di attack, di winners carry all di fine artworks wey dey decorate di Royal Palace plus di houses of di big men, wey don gather over many years. According to di official story wey di British write, dem say di attack make sense because di local people ambush some peaceful mission, plus di expedition come help di people free from wahala wey dey terrorize dem.<ref name="USA4">''Benin Diplomatic Handbook'', p. 21.</ref><ref name="Darshana">{{cite web|last=Darshana|first=Soni|title=The British and the Benin Bronzes|url=http://www.arm.arc.co.uk/CRBBinfo4.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615032008/http://www.arm.arc.co.uk/CRBBinfo4.html|archive-date=15 June 2006|access-date=26 July 2010|publisher=ARM Information Sheet 4}}</ref> One book wey come out for 2020 talk say; 'since 1960s, historians don dey notice say the waka wey dey try push Oba Ovonramwen Nogbaisi (Overami) wey take throne for 1888 no be say dem wan revenge, but e be policy matter wey don dey long time.'<ref name=":23">{{Cite book|last=Hicks|first=Dan|title=The Brutish Museums: the Benin Bronzes, colonial violence and cultural restitution|publisher=Pluto Press|year=2020|isbn=978-0-7453 4176-7|pages=3, 40–42, 67–69, 84}}</ref> Some people dey reason say this one fit create ambiguity about who get de things, wey go fit affect how dem go return de bronzes back to Benin.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Kiwara-Wilson |first=Salome |date=2013 |title=Restituting Colonial Plunder: The Case for the Benin Bronzes and Ivories |journal=DePaul Journal of Art, Technology & Intellectual Property Law}}</ref> Di works wey di British carry come be fine treasure full of bronze plus ivory artworks, like king heads, queen mother heads, leopard figures, bells, and plenty images wey dem carve well-well with di lost-wax casting style. For 1910, German researcher Leo Frobenius run go Africa to gather African art for him country museums.{{sfn|Huera|1988|p=20}} Today, e fit be say just about fifty pieces dey Nigeria but around 2,400 pieces dey for Europe plus America collections.{{sfn|Huera|1988|p=35}} ===== Division among museums ===== [[File:Benin_Bronzes.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Benin_Bronzes.jpg|thumb|Two Benin Bronzes insyde London's [[:en:British_Museum|British Museum]]]] [[File:Benin_bronzes_british_museum_2023.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Benin_bronzes_british_museum_2023.JPG|thumb|display of Benin Bronzes insyde de [[:en:British_Museum|British Museum]]]] Di Benin Bronzes wey dem carry as part of di spoil from di punishment waka for 1897 get plenty places wey dem go land: one side land for di private collection of plenty British officials; di Foreign and Commonwealth Office sell plenty wey later land for different European museums, mostly for Germany, den for American museums.<ref name="USA23">''Benin Diplomatic Handbook'', p. 23.</ref> Di quality of di pieces fine well well, na im make di prices wey dem dey sell high. Di Foreign Office give plenty bronze wall plaques to di British Museum; dis plaques show di history of di Benin Kingdom for di fifteenth plus sixteenth century.<ref name="Darshana2">{{cite web|last=Darshana|first=Soni|title=The British and the Benin Bronzes|url=http://www.arm.arc.co.uk/CRBBinfo4.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615032008/http://www.arm.arc.co.uk/CRBBinfo4.html|archive-date=15 June 2006|access-date=26 July 2010|publisher=ARM Information Sheet 4}}</ref> == Subsequent sales, restitutions den repatriations == Two biggest collection of Benin Bronzes dey for Ethnological Museum for Berlin and British Museum for London, plus third biggest collection dey for many museums insyde Nigeria, mostly Nigerian National Museum for Lagos.{{sfn|Dohlvik|2006|p=8}}<ref>{{Cite web|last=Iyer|first=Aditya|date=3 February 2021|title='Today's fake culture war resurrects an old colonial trick'|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2021/2/3/the-museum-must-change-a-qa-with-dan-hicks|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210702060146/https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2021/2/3/the-museum-must-change-a-qa-with-dan-hicks|archive-date=2 July 2021|access-date=2021-07-13|website=www.aljazeera.com|language=en}}</ref> [[File:Single-figure_plaque,_Benin_Kingdom_court_style,_Edo_peoples,_Benin_City,_Nigeria,_mid_16th_to_17th_century,_cast_copper_alloy_-_Dallas_Museum_of_Art_-_DSC04934.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Single-figure_plaque,_Benin_Kingdom_court_style,_Edo_peoples,_Benin_City,_Nigeria,_mid_16th_to_17th_century,_cast_copper_alloy_-_Dallas_Museum_of_Art_-_DSC04934.jpg|right|thumb|Single-figure plaque, mid-sixteenth to seventeenth century, cast copper alloy, [[:en:Dallas_Museum_of_Art|Dallas Museum of Art]]]] Since Nigeria gain dem independence for 1960, dem don dey try bring back di bronzes plenty occasions.{{sfn|Dohlvik|2006|p=8}}<ref>{{Cite web|last=Phillips|first=Barnaby|date=2021-06-17|title=The Met ought to have returned two stolen Benin Bronzes years ago|url=https://www.apollo-magazine.com/benin-bronzes-metropolitan-museum-barnaby-phillips/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713103039/https://www.apollo-magazine.com/benin-bronzes-metropolitan-museum-barnaby-phillips/|archive-date=13 July 2021|access-date=2021-07-13|website=[[Apollo (magazine)|Apollo]]}}</ref> People don dey argue say di bronzes far from where dem come from. Dem return dey sign of how Africa wan bring back wetin belong to am. Di artefacts don turn talk for international level for restitution matter, like de Elgin Marbles, plus e dey help change wetin people think about repatriation.{{sfn|Dohlvik|2006|p=24}}<ref>{{Cite book|last=Titi|first=Catharine|url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-26357-6|title=The Parthenon Marbles and International Law|publisher=Springer|year=2023|isbn=978-3-031-26356-9|doi=10.1007/978-3-031-26357-6|author-link=Catharine Titi|s2cid=258846977}}</ref> From 1950, British Museum don sell over 30 Benin Bronzes give Nigerian government. That time, the museum curator, Hermann Braunholtz, talk say, even though dem make am one by one, out of 203 plaques wey dem collect in 1898, 30 be duplicates; since dem be same thing, he decide say dem be superfluous for de museum.<ref name="BBC">{{cite web|date=27 March 2002|title=Benin bronzes sold to Nigeria|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1896535.stm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710094109/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1896535.stm|archive-date=10 July 2011|access-date=26 July 2010|work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> Sales reduce for 1972, den de museum African art specialist talk say he dey sorry for am.<ref name="BBC" /> For 1953, Sotheby's sell Benin Bronze head for £5,500 when di highest wey dem sell bifo as £780.<ref name="Phillips">{{cite news|first=Barnaby|last=Phillips|title=The art dealer, the £10m Benin Bronze and the Holocaust|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|date=14 March 2021|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-56292809|access-date=15 March 2021|archive-date=14 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314222855/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-56292809|url-status=live}}</ref> For 1968, Christie's sell one Benin head wey police officer find for him neighbor greenhouse for £21,000.<ref name="Phillips2">{{cite news|first=Barnaby|last=Phillips|title=The art dealer, the £10m Benin Bronze and the Holocaust|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|date=14 March 2021|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-56292809|access-date=15 March 2021|archive-date=14 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314222855/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-56292809|url-status=live}}</ref> For 1984, Sotheby's auction one plaque wey show musician; dem value am between £25,000 and £35,000 for di auction catalog.<ref name="Darshana3">{{cite web|last=Darshana|first=Soni|title=The British and the Benin Bronzes|url=http://www.arm.arc.co.uk/CRBBinfo4.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615032008/http://www.arm.arc.co.uk/CRBBinfo4.html|archive-date=15 June 2006|access-date=26 July 2010|publisher=ARM Information Sheet 4}}</ref> For 2015, dem sell one Benin Bronze head to private collector for di record fee of £10 million.<ref name="Phillips3">{{cite news|first=Barnaby|last=Phillips|title=The art dealer, the £10m Benin Bronze and the Holocaust|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|date=14 March 2021|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-56292809|access-date=15 March 2021|archive-date=14 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314222855/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-56292809|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Elwes|first1=Christian|date=9 January 2017|title=Hidden Treasure|url=https://www.entwistlegallery.com/news/2017/january/hidden-treasure|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210329231151/https://www.entwistlegallery.com/news/2017/january/hidden-treasure|archive-date=29 March 2021|access-date=15 March 2021|website=Entwistlegallery.com|publisher=Entwistle Gallery}}</ref> For 2018, dem agree say Benin Dialogue Group go team up with British government to bring back Benin Bronzes make dem fit do small exhibition for new Benin Royal Museum wey dey Edo State.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Monks|first=Kieron|date=26 November 2018|title=British Museum to return Benin Bronzes to Nigeria|url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/26/africa/africa-uk-benin-bronze-return-intl/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805094930/https://www.cnn.com/2018/11/26/africa/africa-uk-benin-bronze-return-intl/index.html|archive-date=5 August 2021|access-date=2021-07-13|website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Dis group get people from different international museums, Royal Court of Benin, Edo State government, and Nigerian National Commission for Museums and Monuments (NCMM). For 2015, Mark Walker carry some Benin Bronzes come back wey him grandfather take when dem dey fight for Benin Kingdom; Prince Edun Akenzua welcome am for Benin City.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2015-02-26|title=The man who returned his grandfather's looted art|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-31605284|access-date=2021-07-13|archive-date=17 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210717044259/https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-31605284|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-11-20|title=Easter Island governor begs British Museum to return Moai: 'You have our soul'|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/20/easter-island-british-museum-return-moai-statue|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210715041436/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/20/easter-island-british-museum-return-moai-statue|archive-date=15 July 2021|access-date=2021-07-13|website=The Guardian|language=en|agency=Agence France-Presse}}</ref> For March 2021, University of Aberdeen agree say dem go return one bronze head of Oba wey dem buy for auction since 1957.<ref name="Aber">{{cite news|title=University of Aberdeen to repatriate 'looted' Nigerian bronze sculpture|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-north-east-orkney-shetland-56513346|access-date=25 March 2021|work=BBC News|date=25 March 2021|archive-date=25 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325063200/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-north-east-orkney-shetland-56513346|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=25 March 2021|title=University to return Benin bronze|url=https://www.abdn.ac.uk/news/14790/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325160401/https://www.abdn.ac.uk/news/14790/|archive-date=25 March 2021|access-date=25 March 2021|website=www.abdn.ac.uk|publisher=Aberdeen University}}</ref> De return complete for handover ceremony wey dem do on 28 October 2021.<ref>{{cite web|date=27 October 2021|title=Ceremony to complete the return of Benin Bronze|url=https://www.abdn.ac.uk/news/15479/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028135744/https://www.abdn.ac.uk/news/15479/|archive-date=28 October 2021|access-date=28 May 2023|website=www.abdn.ac.uk|publisher=Aberdeen University}}</ref> [[File:Unterzeichnung_Vereinbarung_zur_Eigentumsübertragung_Benin-Bronzen_der_Stadt_Köln_an_Nigeria-4679.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Unterzeichnung_Vereinbarung_zur_Eigentums%C3%BCbertragung_Benin-Bronzen_der_Stadt_K%C3%B6ln_an_Nigeria-4679.jpg|thumb|De signing of a 2022 agreement insyde Cologne, Germany, to transfer de Benin Bronzes of de city to Nigeria]] For April 2021, German government talk say dem go bring back di 'looted' Benin Bronzes wey dey Germany public collections by 2022. Hartmut Dorgerloh, wey dey director of Humboldt Forum wey get Ethnological Museum for Berlin, talk for press event say di plan wey dem get to show di bronzes for new museum complex for Berlin na 'no fit happen again'.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hickley|first1=Catherine|title=Germany moves towards full restitution of Benin bronzes|url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/germany-moves-towards-full-restitution-of-benin-bronzes|access-date=23 March 2021|work=The Art Newspaper|date=22 March 2021|archive-date=23 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323005505/https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/germany-moves-towards-full-restitution-of-benin-bronzes|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=van der Wolf|first=Marthe|date=6 April 2021|title=Effort to Return Benin Bronzes to Africa Remains Ongoing Challenge|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/europe_effort-return-benin-bronzes-africa-remains-ongoing-challenge/6204218.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713102759/https://www.voanews.com/europe/effort-return-benin-bronzes-africa-remains-ongoing-challenge|archive-date=13 July 2021|access-date=13 July 2021|website=Voice of America|language=en}}</ref> Also for di same April 2021, Church of England promise say dem go return two Benin bronzes wey dem give as gifts to di old Archbishop of Canterbury Robert Runcie for 1982.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dex|first=Robert|date=2021-04-12|title=Church of England to return Benin Bronzes as repatriation rows rumble on|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/culture/exhibitions/church-england-return-benin-bronzes-repatriation-rows-b928330.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713102452/https://www.standard.co.uk/culture/exhibitions/church-england-return-benin-bronzes-repatriation-rows-b928330.html|archive-date=13 July 2021|access-date=2021-07-13|website=www.standard.co.uk|language=en}}</ref> Dis bronzes na to add to di future Benin Royal Museum collection. Dem Horniman Museum for South London talk say dem dey think about legal matter for repatriation and restitution of 49 works wey dem get from Benin City, 15 of dem na Benin Bronzes.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Holmes|first=Gareth|date=7 April 2021|title=London's Horniman Museum—home to 15 Benin bronzes—announces new 'transparent procedures' for looted object requests|url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/horniman-museum-policy-on-restitution|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713090651/https://www.theartnewspaper.com/news/horniman-museum-policy-on-restitution|archive-date=13 July 2021|access-date=2021-07-13|website=www.theartnewspaper.com|language=en}}</ref> As British Museum dey continue dey refuse to give back di looted Benin bronzes, di Iyase (traditional prime minister) of Benin Kingdom show di biggest bronze plaque wey e don make so far on 30 July 2021.<ref>{{Cite news|last=BENIN|first=NTA BROADCAST|date=2021-08-09|title=UNVEILING OF LARGEST BRONZE PLAQUE IN BENIN|work=Nigerian Television Authority (NTA)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_7Ed6tPT0Xo|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/_7Ed6tPT0Xo|archive-date=2021-12-22|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Omotayo|first=Joseph|date=2021-08-05|title=Young Nigerian man makes largest plaque in Benin kingdom, showcases it in video|url=https://www.legit.ng/1427613-young-nigerian-largest-plaque-benin-kingdom-showcases-video.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005175748/https://www.legit.ng/1427613-young-nigerian-largest-plaque-benin-kingdom-showcases-video.html|archive-date=5 October 2021|access-date=2021-10-05|website=Legit.ng - Nigeria news.|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last1=Owolabi|first1=Tife|last2=Shirbon|first2=Estelle|date=2021-09-22|title=Nigerians offer artworks to British Museum in new take on looted bronzes|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/nigerians-offer-artworks-british-museum-new-take-looted-bronzes-2021-09-22/|access-date=2021-10-05|archive-date=5 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005175746/https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/nigerians-offer-artworks-british-museum-new-take-looted-bronzes-2021-09-22/|url-status=live}}</ref> Di plaque get over 2 tons of brass and e come from one of di grandpikin of Iyase Lukas Osarobo Zeickner-Okoro.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Time Scape {{!}} Nigeria: Medical Student Turned Artist Immortalizes Great King Ewuare, Oba of Benin, Unveils Largest-Ever Benin Kingdom Bronze Plaque|url=https://www.timescapemag.com/posts/nigeria-medical-student-turned-artist-immortalizes-great-king-ewuare-oba-of-benin-unveils-largest-ever-benin-kingdom-bronze-plaque|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005175748/https://www.timescapemag.com/posts/nigeria-medical-student-turned-artist-immortalizes-great-king-ewuare-oba-of-benin-unveils-largest-ever-benin-kingdom-bronze-plaque|archive-date=5 October 2021|access-date=2021-10-05|website=www.timescapemag.com}}</ref> Di title na The Return of Oba Ewuare, to represent di belief for reincarnation and di restart of di Benin Bronze Age under Oba Ewuare II. Dem offer di piece to di British Museum in return for di bronzes wey dem hold there.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-23|title=Nigerian Artists Offer British Museum Swap|url=https://www.museumnext.com/article/nigerian-artists-offer-british-museum-swap/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211108075242/https://www.museumnext.com/article/nigerian-artists-offer-british-museum-swap/|archive-date=8 November 2021|access-date=2021-11-11|website=MuseumNext|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-22|title=Nigerian Contemporary Art is Being Offered in Exchange for the U.K. Benin Bronzes|url=https://observer.com/2021/09/nigerian-contemporary-art-is-being-offered-in-exchange-for-the-u-k-benin-bronzes/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005175747/https://observer.com/2021/09/nigerian-contemporary-art-is-being-offered-in-exchange-for-the-u-k-benin-bronzes/|archive-date=5 October 2021|access-date=2021-10-05|website=Observer|language=en-US}}</ref> For October 2021, Jesus College talk say dem go return sculpture wey dem dey call Okukor, back go Naija, after di students show say e get historical meaning as loot wey dem carry comot. Di statue don dey out of display since 2016 when dem start to dey cry make dem bring am back; after di Legacy of Slavery Working Party from di college investigate am, dem find out say di statue dem carry am come from Benin court before dem gift am to di college by one student papa for 1905.<ref name="guardian cockrel">{{cite web|last=Khomami|first=Naomi|date=15 October 2021|title=Cambridge college to be first in UK to return looted Benin bronze|url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2021/oct/15/cambridge-college-to-be-first-uk-return-looted-benin-bronze|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20211015102501/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2021/oct/15/cambridge-college-to-be-first-uk-return-looted-benin-bronze|archive-date=15 October 2021|access-date=15 October 2021|website=theguardian.com|quote="We are indeed very pleased and commend Jesus College for taking this lead in making restitution for the plunder that occurred in Benin in 1897," said the oba of Benin, Omo N'Oba N’Edo Uku Akpolokpolo, Ewuare II. "We truly hope that others will expedite the return of our artworks which in many cases are of religious importance to us. We wish to thank [Nigeria's] President Buhari and our National Commission for Museums and Monuments for their renewed efforts in securing the release of our artefacts on our behalf."}}</ref> For February 2022, dem receive Okukor and di bronze wey University of Aberdeen return for royal palace for Benin City from Oba of Benin, Ewuare II.<ref name="Welle">{{Cite web|title=Colonial-era looted art returned to Nigeria and Benin {{!}} DW {{!}} 20.02.2022|url=https://www.dw.com/en/colonial-era-looted-art-returned-to-nigeria-and-benin/a-60845936|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220221123955/https://www.dw.com/en/colonial-era-looted-art-returned-to-nigeria-and-benin/a-60845936|archive-date=21 February 2022|access-date=2022-02-21|website=Deutsche Welle|language=en-GB}}</ref> For December 2022, University of Cambridge transfer dem own more than 100 Benin artefacts from their Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology go NCMM. One person wey dey talk for di museum talk say some pieces go stay for Cambridge 'on extended loan' make sure say 'dis west African civilization still dey show for di museum display, plus for school groups teaching'.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-12-14|title=Cambridge University to return over 100 looted Benin bronzes to Nigeria|url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2022/dec/14/cambridge-university-to-return-over-100-looted-benin-bronzes-to-nigeria|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221218162152/https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2022/dec/14/cambridge-university-to-return-over-100-looted-benin-bronzes-to-nigeria|archive-date=18 December 2022|access-date=2022-12-18|website=The Guardian|language=en}}</ref> As dis February 2025, di statues never reach Nigeria yet.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Simpson|first1=Craig|last2=Farmer|first2=Ben|date=26 February 2025|title=Cambridge under pressure to return Benin Bronzes as Nigeria promises museum display|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2025/02/26/cambridge-under-pressure-to-hand-back-benin-bronzes-nigeria/|access-date=17 March 2025|website=The Telegraph}}</ref> For November 2021, Metropolitan Museum of Art carry two Bronze plaques from sixteenth-century, Warrior Chief and Junior Court Official, go give NCMM.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-22|title=The Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Nigerian National Commission for Museums and Monuments Gather to Mark the Transfer of Three Works of Art to the Nigerian National Collections|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/press/news/2021/the-met-and-ncmm-mou|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227133021/https://www.metmuseum.org/press/news/2021/the-met-and-ncmm-mou|archive-date=27 February 2022|access-date=2022-12-18|website=www.metmuseum.org}}</ref> No be say dem transfer am because of repatriation talk, because dem get about 160 Benin Bronzes for demma collection. For January 2022, Great North Museum: Hancock for Newcastle, England, gree say dem go return one Benin Bronze stave go Nigeria.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2022-01-12|title=Newcastle's Hancock museum to repatriate Benin Bronze stave|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-tyne-59964386|access-date=13 January 2022|archive-date=13 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220113082424/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-tyne-59964386|url-status=live}}</ref> For March 2022, Smithsonian Institution shout say dem go carry 39 bronzes back, dem go show am for National Museum wey dey insyde Benin City.<ref name=":02">{{Cite news|last=McGlone|first=Peggy|date=8 March 2022|title=Smithsonian to give back its collection of Benin bronzes|newspaper=[[Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2022/03/08/smithsonian-benin-bronzes-nigeria-return/|access-date=9 March 2022|archive-date=8 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308232359/https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2022/03/08/smithsonian-benin-bronzes-nigeria-return/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Frum|first=David|date=2022-09-14|title=Who Benefits When Western Museums Return Looted Art?|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2022/10/benin-bronzes-nigeria-return-stolen-art/671245/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021173357/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2022/10/benin-bronzes-nigeria-return-stolen-art/671245/|archive-date=21 October 2022|access-date=2022-10-21|website=The Atlantic|language=en}}</ref> Smithsonian National Museum of African Art don sign over 29 Benin bronzes to NCMM on 11 October 2022, with Nigerian leaders plus culture people dey there; as dem dey do am, National Gallery of Art don return one Benin bronze too.<ref>{{Cite web|date=11 October 2022|title=Smithsonian Returns 29 Benin Bronzes to the National Commission for Museums and Monuments in Nigeria|url=https://www.si.edu/newsdesk/releases/smithsonian-returns-29-benin-bronzes-national-commission-museums-and-monuments|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230430160547/https://www.si.edu/newsdesk/releases/smithsonian-returns-29-benin-bronzes-national-commission-museums-and-monuments|archive-date=30 April 2023|access-date=30 April 2023|website=Smithsonian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Nigeria|first=U. S. Mission|date=2022-10-17|title=30 Benin bronzes returned to Nigeria|url=https://ng.usembassy.gov/30-benin-bronzes-returned-to-nigeria/|access-date=2023-10-23|website=U.S. Embassy and Consulate in Nigeria|language=en-US}}</ref> For July 2022, Germany talk say dem go hand over 1,100 artifacts wey dem hold for Linden Museum wey dey Stuttgart, Humboldt Forum for Berlin, Rautenstrauch-Joest Museum for Cologne, Museum am Rothenbaum for Hamburg, plus the State Ethnographic Collections of Saxony. Dem negotiate how each item go return between German museums and Naija government, but dem go still keep some objects for Germany like long-term loan.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jul/01/germany-hands-over-two-benin-bronzes-to-nigeria?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other|title=Germany hands over two Benin bronzes to Nigeria|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|first=Philip|last=Oltermann|author-link=Philip Oltermann|date=July 2022|access-date=1 July 2022|archive-date=1 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220701130702/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jul/01/germany-hands-over-two-benin-bronzes-to-nigeria?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Germany to return looted artifacts to Africa &#124; DW &#124; 29.06.2022|url=https://www.dw.com/en/germany-to-return-looted-artifacts-to-africa/a-62300419|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220701130702/https://www.dw.com/en/germany-to-return-looted-artifacts-to-africa/a-62300419|archive-date=1 July 2022|access-date=1 July 2022|website=[[Deutsche Welle]]}}</ref> On 28 November 2022, Horniman Museum for London do ceremony wey dem go unconditionally transfer ownership of dem Benin Bronzes back to Nigeria without any wahala.<ref>{{cite web|date=29 November 2022|title='Moral and appropriate': Museum begins return of artefacts looted by British troops|url=https://news.sky.com/story/moral-and-appropriate-museum-begins-return-of-artefacts-looted-by-british-troops-12757670|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129060543/https://news.sky.com/story/moral-and-appropriate-museum-begins-return-of-artefacts-looted-by-british-troops-12757670|archive-date=29 November 2022|access-date=29 November 2022|website=Sky News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Sherwood|first=Harriet|date=28 November 2022|title=London museum returns looted Benin City artefacts to Nigeria|url=https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2022/nov/28/london-museum-returns-looted-benin-city-artefacts-to-nigeria|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129003538/https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2022/nov/28/london-museum-returns-looted-benin-city-artefacts-to-nigeria|archive-date=29 November 2022|access-date=29 November 2022|website=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Sooke|first=Alistair|date=29 November 2022|title=Is the 'world museum' doomed?|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/art/what-to-see/wellcome-collection-closes-medicine-man-exhibition-universal/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129072121/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/art/what-to-see/wellcome-collection-closes-medicine-man-exhibition-universal/|archive-date=29 November 2022|access-date=29 November 2022|website=The Telegraph}}</ref> Some months later, on 23 March 2023, the outgoing president Muhammadu Buhari talk say all di things wey dem carry come back from di Benin Expedition, even di ones wey go still come back, na for di Royal Family for Benin City. So, e turn di bronzes to private property.<ref name="BZ070523">{{cite web|last=Lenz|first=Susanne|date=7 May 2023|title=Zurückgegebene Benin-Bronzen verschenkt: Jetzt äußert sich Claudia Roth|url=https://www.berliner-zeitung.de/kultur-vergnuegen/zurueckgegebene-benin-bronzen-verschenkt-jetzt-aeussert-sich-claudia-roth-li.345946|access-date=8 May 2023|website=Berliner Zeitung}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=8 May 2023|title=Raubkunst-Rückgabe endet in "Fiasko": Raubkunst-Rückgabe endet in "Fiasko"Benin-Bronzen landen in Nigeria nicht im Museum, sondern in Privatbesitz|url=https://www.focus.de/panorama/welt/raubkunst-rueckgabe-endet-im-fiasko-benin-bronzen-landen-in-nigeria-nicht-im-museum-sondern-in-privatbesitz_id_193066310.html|website=FOCUS.de}}</ref> Oba Ewuare II later come announce sey dem go fit put di bronzes for museum wey go dey close to him palace. As e be, di Museum of West African Art, wey dem select to show di bronzes and German government dey support small small, open for 2024 but no bronzes dey for dia collection.<ref>{{cite news|first=Catherine|last=Hickley|title=Benin City museum opens first part of planned campus|website=[[The Art Newspaper]]|date=1 November 2024|url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2024/11/01/benin-city-museum-opens-first-part-of-planned-campus|access-date=June 23, 2025}}</ref> European journalists come note sey di way wey di German government take return di Benin Bronzes no dey enter Buhari eye.<ref name="BZ0705232">{{cite web|last=Lenz|first=Susanne|date=7 May 2023|title=Zurückgegebene Benin-Bronzen verschenkt: Jetzt äußert sich Claudia Roth|url=https://www.berliner-zeitung.de/kultur-vergnuegen/zurueckgegebene-benin-bronzen-verschenkt-jetzt-aeussert-sich-claudia-roth-li.345946|access-date=8 May 2023|website=Berliner Zeitung}}</ref> Swiss ethnologist Brigitta Hauser-Schäublin conclude say Germany's 2022 restitution policy no waka go nowhere.<ref name="BZ0705233">{{cite web|last=Lenz|first=Susanne|date=7 May 2023|title=Zurückgegebene Benin-Bronzen verschenkt: Jetzt äußert sich Claudia Roth|url=https://www.berliner-zeitung.de/kultur-vergnuegen/zurueckgegebene-benin-bronzen-verschenkt-jetzt-aeussert-sich-claudia-roth-li.345946|access-date=8 May 2023|website=Berliner Zeitung}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite news|last=Bucheli|first=Roman|date=7 May 2023|title=Die deutsche Regierung lässt sich vom nigerianischen Staatspräsidenten vorführen: Die an Nigeria restituierten Benin-Bronzen sollen in den privaten Besitz des Königshauses übergehen|newspaper=Neue Zürcher Zeitung|url=https://www.nzz.ch/feuilleton/benin-bronzen-koenigshaus-benin-reklamiert-sie-als-privateigentum-ld.1736882|access-date=8 May 2023}}</ref> For 19 June 2025, Dutch government go return group of 113 bronzes wey dey their national collection plus six more from Rotterdam collection, na im be di biggest return of Benin antiques wey link to di 1897 British punishment expedition" to date.<ref>{{cite web|date=19 February 2025|title=Netherlands to return looted Benin Bronzes to Nigeria|url=https://www.government.nl/latest/news/2025/02/19/netherlands-to-return-looted-benin-bronzes-to-nigeria|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250224040509/https://www.government.nl/latest/news/2025/02/19/netherlands-to-return-looted-benin-bronzes-to-nigeria|archive-date=24 February 2025|access-date=24 February 2025|website=[[Government of the Netherlands]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Kupemba|first1=Danai Nesta|date=19 February 2025|title=Netherlands to return stolen Benin Bronzes to Nigeria|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cly8397e7gno|access-date=24 February 2025|website=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Shibayan|first=Dyepkazah|date=2025-06-19|title=Netherlands returns 119 looted artifacts known as Benin Bronzes to Nigeria|url=https://apnews.com/article/benin-bronzes-netherlands-nigeria-looted-78eab1381f1e219507e2d7607ed41d4f|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250620045936/https://apnews.com/article/benin-bronzes-netherlands-nigeria-looted-78eab1381f1e219507e2d7607ed41d4f|archive-date=2025-06-20|access-date=2025-06-20|website=[[Associated Press|AP News]]|language=en}}</ref> ===== Opposition ===== For August 2022, one group wey dey fight for African-American slavery reparations, di Restitution Study Group, don petition make dem no return Benin Bronzes come back. Dem talk say before, African people dey help sell captives join di Atlantic slave trade, and dem suggest say di pikin of enslave Africans suppose get part ownership for di Benin Bronzes wey dey Western museums.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Simpson|first1=Craig|title=Benin Bronzes must not be returned to Nigeria as it 'profited from slavery'|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2022/08/15/benin-bronzes-must-not-returned-nigeria-profited-slavery/|work=The Telegraph|date=15 August 2022|access-date=18 August 2022|archive-date=18 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818102730/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2022/08/15/benin-bronzes-must-not-returned-nigeria-profited-slavery/|url-status=live}}</ref> Dem file petition to stop Smithsonian Institution from returning di bronzes for 2022, say di bronzes dey connect to di descendants of enslave people for America because dem forge am with metal wey dem trade for African slaves, and if dem carry di bronzes go, e go take away di chance wey Americans get to feel demma heritage.<ref>{{cite web|last=Harris|first=Gareth|date=6 December 2022|title=US campaign group sues Smithsonian over return of Benin Bronzes to Nigeria|url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2022/12/06/us-campaign-group-sues-smithsonian-over-return-of-benin-bronzes-to-nigeria|access-date=2024-10-17|work=[[The Art Newspaper]]}}</ref> Di petition deny am, plus all di appeal even Supreme Court no fit change di decision.<ref>{{cite web|date=14 October 2024|title=U.S. Supreme Court Denies Hearing to Restitution Study Group on Benin Bronzes|url=https://culturalpropertynews.org/u-s-supreme-court-denies-hearing-to-restitution-study-group-on-benin-bronzes/|access-date=2024-10-14|work=Cultural Property News}}</ref> ==== ''Digital Benin'' online platform ==== For November 2022, Dem launch Digital Benin<ref name=":12">{{Cite web|title=Digital Benin|url=https://digitalbenin.org/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221110160658/https://digitalbenin.org/|archive-date=10 November 2022|access-date=2022-11-09|website=digitalbenin.org}}</ref> online database wey plenty African and Western museums support. Digital Benin dey show over 130 institutions for 20 countries wey get Benin cultural heritage for their collection. Di site dey display info about di specs, location, and where dem get more than 5,000 artefacts, wey de include maps, high-resolution pictures, plus titles of di works for English plus Edo.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Solomon|first=Tessa|date=7 November 2022|title=Thousands of Looted Benin Bronzes Scattered in Museums Worldwide Are Now Listed in an Online Database|url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/digital-benin-database-looted-bronzes-museums-1234645731/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109221530/https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/digital-benin-database-looted-bronzes-museums-1234645731/|archive-date=9 November 2022|access-date=2022-11-09|website=ARTnews.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Oltermann|first=Philip|date=2022-11-10|title=Digital Benin project reunites bronzes looted by British soldiers|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/nov/10/digital-benin-reunites-thousands-of-objects-scattered-after-british-looting|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221110140606/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/nov/10/digital-benin-reunites-thousands-of-objects-scattered-after-british-looting|archive-date=10 November 2022|access-date=2022-11-10|website=The Guardian|language=en}}</ref> == De works == [[File:Palais_oba.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Palais_oba.jpg|thumb|A Benin Bronze showing de Benin's Oba palace - British Museum]] De Benin Bronzes dey more real pass most African art for dat time. Dem bronze surface dey show we how light and metal fit work together.<ref name="Time">{{cite news|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,834141,00.html|title=Sculpture: The Bronzes of Benin|date=6 August 1965|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=14 January 2020|archive-date=14 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114192731/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,834141,00.html|url-status=live}}</ref> De heads get features wey dey big pass normal, with large ears, nose, and lips wey dem shape well well.{{sfn|Leuzinger|1976|p=16}} Wetin be big thing for this work na how dem sabi use metal skill for lost-wax casting. Di descendants dem wey come after dis artisans still dey respect Igue-Igha, wey na di person wey bring di art of casting come Kingdom of Benin.<ref name="Time2">{{cite news|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,834141,00.html|title=Sculpture: The Bronzes of Benin|date=6 August 1965|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=14 January 2020|archive-date=14 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114192731/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,834141,00.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Another big thing wey dey for dis work na di exclusivity: property no dey for everybody, na only some social classes fit get am, e show say society for Kingdom of Benin dey very stratified. Normally, na only di king fit own bronze and ivory things, but e fit allow big men make dem use dem, like masks and cuffs wey dem make with bronze and ivory. Coral too na royal material. Coral neck rings dey show nobility, plus na only di Oba fit give people permission make dem use am.<ref name="Kings3">{{cite journal |last=Plankensteiner |first=Barbara |date=22 December 2007 |title=Benin--Kings and Rituals: court arts from Nigeria. |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/print/PrintArticle.aspx?id=171138749 |journal=African Arts |publisher=University of California |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=74–87 |doi=10.1162/afar.2007.40.4.74 |issn=0001-9933 |s2cid=57571805 |url-access=subscription |access-date=20 July 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Tariemi|first=Oreoritse|date=30 March 2022|title=The Cultural Significance of Coral Beads To The Benin People|url=https://www.edoworld.net/Coral_Beads_Of_The_Benin_People.html|access-date=2024-07-05|website=www.edoworld.net}}</ref> ==== Themes ==== [[File:Relief_-_Staatliches_Museum_für_Völkerkunde_München_-_DSC08432.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Relief_-_Staatliches_Museum_f%C3%BCr_V%C3%B6lkerkunde_M%C3%BCnchen_-_DSC08432.JPG|left|thumb|Benin Bronze insyde de Staatliches Museum für Völkerkunde München depicting a warrior or noble]] Di rectangular plaques dey come for two styles. One style, di long sides dey turn back small, make dem get small edge wey dem don decorate with guilloché pattern. Di other style, wey be narrow pass, di turned-back edges no dey, and di background design for di plaque just stop like sey dem cut am. Dis variations fit show di size and shape of di palace pillars and how dem arrange di plaques for dem. Generally, di plaques dey about 1⁄8 inch (3.2 mm) thick.<ref name="Ezra3">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Kate|url=https://archive.org/details/royalartofbeninp0000ezra|title=Royal art of Benin: the Perls collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|year=1992|isbn=978-0-8109-6414-3|location=New York|url-access=registration}}</ref> Di background wey dey front plenty plaques get foliate patterns wey get one to four leaves inside, dem dey call am ebe-ame, or di 'river leaf' design.<ref name="Dark">{{cite book|last=Dark|first=Philip|url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontobe0000dark|title=An Introduction to Benin Art and Technology|publisher=Oxford, Clarendon Press|year=1973|isbn=978-0-19-817191-1|location=Oxford|url-access=registration}}</ref> Di leaves dem dey use am for healing rites by priestesses wey serve Olokun, di god of di sea.<ref name="Ben Amos 1980">{{cite book|last=Ben Amos|first=Paula|title=The Art of Benin|year=1980|location=London}}</ref> Some of di reliefs show important battles wey happen for sixteenth century wars; but plenty of dem show big men wey dey wear ceremonial cloth. Most of di plaques get some figures wey no dey move, sometimes alone, sometimes in pairs, or small groups wey dey arrange around one main figure. Plenty of di figures wey dey inside di plaques fit only be recognized by wetin dem wear and di emblems wey show their rank and wetin dem dey do for di court, but we no fit know who dem be individually. Even though some people don try link some of di figures to real historical people, no be everything wey dem talk don confirm well. For some cases, we even no sabi di full roles of some figures, wey we no fit figure out properly.<ref name="Kings4">{{cite journal |last=Plankensteiner |first=Barbara |date=22 December 2007 |title=Benin--Kings and Rituals: court arts from Nigeria. |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/print/PrintArticle.aspx?id=171138749 |journal=African Arts |publisher=University of California |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=74–87 |doi=10.1162/afar.2007.40.4.74 |issn=0001-9933 |s2cid=57571805 |url-access=subscription |access-date=20 July 2010}}</ref> [[File:Benin,_placca_con_tre_guerrieri,_XVI-XVII_sec.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Benin,_placca_con_tre_guerrieri,_XVI-XVII_sec.JPG|thumb|A Benin Bronze depicting three Benin warriors]] Di bronze heads na dem dey use for ancestral altars. Dem dey also serve as base for engraved elephant tusks, wey dem go fit put inside di heads. Di commemorative heads of di king or di queen mother no be individual portraits, even though dem dey show some stylized naturalism. Na archetypical depictions dem be; di style for dia design change over di years, same way di royal insignia dey change too. Di elephant tusks wey get fine carvings, wey fit don start as decorative element for di eighteenth century, dey show different scenes from di reign of dead king.<ref name="Kings5">{{cite journal |last=Plankensteiner |first=Barbara |date=22 December 2007 |title=Benin--Kings and Rituals: court arts from Nigeria. |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/print/PrintArticle.aspx?id=171138749 |journal=African Arts |publisher=University of California |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=74–87 |doi=10.1162/afar.2007.40.4.74 |issn=0001-9933 |s2cid=57571805 |url-access=subscription |access-date=20 July 2010}}</ref> For new Oba to take over, e be must to set altar wey go honor im predecessor. People sabi say person head na where di supernatural guide dey, to make sense well. Oba head dey very holy, cos all Edo people wey dey depend on im wisdom for survival, security, and prosperity. Every year, during festival wey go boost di mystical power of di Oba, di king dey do offerings inside dem sacred places, wey dey important for im reign to continue. Di way dem bronze heads dey different na wetin make am important for Beninese art that it constitutes de primary scientific basis for establishing a chronology.<ref name="Kings6">{{cite journal |last=Plankensteiner |first=Barbara |date=22 December 2007 |title=Benin--Kings and Rituals: court arts from Nigeria. |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/print/PrintArticle.aspx?id=171138749 |journal=African Arts |publisher=University of California |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=74–87 |doi=10.1162/afar.2007.40.4.74 |issn=0001-9933 |s2cid=57571805 |url-access=subscription |access-date=20 July 2010}}</ref> Di leopard na one symbol we dey show for plenty Benin Bronzes, sekof e be di animal wey represent di Oba. Anoda pattern wey dey come back na di royal triad: di Oba for di middle, with two paddy men by im side, e dey show di support of di people wey di king trust to help am rule.<ref name="Kings7">{{cite journal |last=Plankensteiner |first=Barbara |date=22 December 2007 |title=Benin--Kings and Rituals: court arts from Nigeria. |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/_/print/PrintArticle.aspx?id=171138749 |journal=African Arts |publisher=University of California |volume=40 |issue=4 |pages=74–87 |doi=10.1162/afar.2007.40.4.74 |issn=0001-9933 |s2cid=57571805 |url-access=subscription |access-date=20 July 2010}}</ref> Some people talk say, di Benin artists fit don get inspiration from wetin Portuguese bring come, like di European shining books, small ivory boxes wey get carved tops from India, and di small painting wey dem draw for India. Di quatrefoil 'river leaves' fit come from European or Islamic art,<ref name="Ezra4">{{cite book|last=Ezra|first=Kate|url=https://archive.org/details/royalartofbeninp0000ezra|title=Royal art of Benin: the Perls collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art|publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|year=1992|isbn=978-0-8109-6414-3|location=New York|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref name="Dark2">{{cite book|last=Dark|first=Philip|url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontobe0000dark|title=An Introduction to Benin Art and Technology|publisher=Oxford, Clarendon Press|year=1973|isbn=978-0-19-817191-1|location=Oxford|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref name="Fagg 1963">{{cite book|last=Fagg|first=William|title=Nigerian Images|url=https://archive.org/details/nigerianimagessp0000fagg|year=1963|location=London}}</ref> but Babatunde Lawal show us wetin dey happen for southern Nigeria art wey fit back im theory say di plaques na original from Benin.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Lawal |first=Babatunde |year=1977 |title=The Present State of Art Historical Research in Nigeria: Problems and Possibilities |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-african-history_1977_18_2/page/196 |journal=Journal of African History |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=196–216 |doi=10.1017/s0021853700015498 |s2cid=162396655}}</ref> British archaeologist wey dey study culture, Dan Hicks, talk about how dem dey chop Benin Bronzes and how dem dey show am for museums wey dey all over di world. For im book, im talk say di looting no be just 'historical incident of reception', but na 'ongoing brutality'. E also mention say di total artefacts wey dem carry come from Benin reach like 10,000 bronzes, ivories plus plenty others.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hicks|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv18msmcr.16|title=The Brutish Museums: The Benin, Colonial Violence and Cultural Restitution|publisher=Pluto Press|pages=137|jstor=j.ctv18msmcr.16}}</ref> Hicks talk say plenty of di looted Benin tins dey for small museums and university museums for UK instead of di big big collections like British Museum, Royal Collection plus de Victoria plus Albert Museum.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hicks|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv18msmcr.17|title=The Brutish Museums: The Benin, Colonial Violence and Cultural Restitution|publisher=Pluto Press|pages=152|jstor=j.ctv18msmcr.17}}</ref> == Influence on Contemporary African Art == Some artifacts wey dem thief from Benin kingdom for 1897, get big impact for African art. Dem artifacts dey famous for their intricate craftsmanship plus importance for history. Dem impact no go fit only dey based on how e look, culture wey dem represent, and di way dem show African artifacts broadly. ==== Technique ==== [[File:Born_bronze_-_Bronze_casts.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Born_bronze_-_Bronze_casts.jpg|thumb|Bronze casting using de [[:en:Lost-wax_casting|lost wax method]]. De molten metal dem poure am into de mould.]] Even though dem dey call di works Benin Bronzes, e no be same material. Plenty of dem be Brass, wey analysis don show say na alloy of copper, zinc plus lead in different ratio.{{sfn|Dohlvik|2006|p=21}} Some dey non-metallic, wey be wood, ceramic, ivory, leather or cloth.{{sfn|Dohlvik|2006|p=21}} Dem wooden things dey make am for one sharp process. E start with tree trunk or branch, den dem go carve am direct. Di artist go take di block of wood get di final shape of di work. As e be tradition to use fresh cut wood for carvings, when dem finish di piece, dem go burn di surface small so e no go crack when e dey dry. Dis one too make dem fit do artworks wey get plenty colors, wey dem go chop knife plus natural paint wey dem make with vegetable oil or palm oil. Dis kind grease wey dem dey make near smoke for home, e give di wooden sculptures one look like rusty metal.{{sfn|Beretta|1983|p=356}} Di figures wey dey show for di bronzes na wetin dem cast for relief, with plenty details wey dem carve for di wax model. Di artists wey dey work for bronze dey organize as one kind guild under royal orders, and dem dey live for one special area for di palace wey Oba dey control direct. Di works wey dem make use lost-wax casting need plenty special skill. Di quality dey better when di king strong well well, e go fit gather plenty specialists to help am.{{sfn|Gowing|1984|p=569}} E be like say di oldest Benin metal work wey get bronze na from di twelfth century. As per di tradition, di lost-wax casting wey dem sabi, na di son of di Oni, wey be di king for Ife, carry am come give dem. Di story talk say he teach di Benin metal workers how to cast bronze with di lost-wax method for di thirteenth century.{{sfn|Huera|1988|p=52}} Dem Benin artisans sharp di technique well-well, so dem fit cast plaques wey dey only one-eight inch (3 mm) thick, wey pass wetin di Renaissance masters dey do insyde Europe hoo.<ref name="Time3">{{cite news|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,834141,00.html|title=Sculpture: The Bronzes of Benin|date=6 August 1965|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=14 January 2020|archive-date=14 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114192731/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,834141,00.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-18|title=Benin Bronzes Are Scattered All Over the World. We Asked Museums That Hold Them Where They Stand on Restitution|url=https://news.artnet.com/art-world/benin-bronzes-in-museums-1967773|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713105624/https://news.artnet.com/art-world/benin-bronzes-in-museums-1967773|archive-date=13 July 2021|access-date=2021-07-13|website=Artnet News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Reception == [[File:Benin_Bronzes_at_the_British_Museum_2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Benin_Bronzes_at_the_British_Museum_2.jpg|thumb|16th-century brass plaque, depicting an Oba, two kneeling attendants, plus two Portuguese figures]] One bronze from sixteen century wey show Oba with white people, e show for A History of de World in 100 Objects, wey be radio programme wey start for 2010 as BBC plus British Museum work together; dem also publish am as book.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Benin plaque - the Oba with Europeans|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00tt59m|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100925234736/http://www.bbc.co.uk:80/programmes/b00tt59m|archive-date=25 September 2010|access-date=20 February 2021|website=BBC}}</ref> == Repatriation from de Netherlands == Na Nigeria collect 119 bronze from Netherlands after dem dey jam for several meetings. Dis return of di Benin Bronzes na part of di plan wey di Netherlands government get for cultural restitution and justice for history. Di handover ceremony happen for 21st June 2025, with di Minister for Arts, Culture, and Creative Economy; di Director General of di National Commission of Museums plus Monuments; Benin Chiefs; and plenty other cultural plus heritage<ref>{{cite news|last1=Enoch|first1=Melissa|title=From Loss To Legacy: At the Official Handover of 119 Benin Bronzes Reclaimed by Nigeria|url=https://www.arise.tv/from-loss-to-legacy-at-the-official-handover-of-119-benin-bronzes-reclaimed-by-nigeria/#google_vignette|access-date=30 June 2025|agency=Arise TV|date=22 June 2025}}</ref> professionals insyde Nigeria. Di bronzes wey dem carry come go land for Benin City go meet di Oba of Benin, den go put am for gallery wey dey come through partnership between di museum commission plus Coronation Groups paa.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ogundeji|first1=Josephine|title=Coronation, museum commission establish gallery for Benin bronzes|url=https://punchng.com/coronation-museum-commission-establish-gallery-for-benin-bronzes/|access-date=30 June 2025|agency=Punch|date=25 June 2025}}</ref> == Check am too == * [[:en:Art_of_the_Kingdom_of_Benin|Art of the Kingdom of Benin]] * [[:en:Museum_of_West_African_Art|Museum of West African Art]] * [[:en:Benin_Dialogue_Group|Benin Dialogue Group]] * [[:en:Looted_art|Looted art]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wiggins|first=Nick|author2=Marc Fennell|date=2020-11-29|title=The British stole Benin's bronzes. It's a theft that still hurts|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-11-30/benin-bronzes-stuff-the-british-stole-museum-history/12837940|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711094505/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-11-30/benin-bronzes-stuff-the-british-stole-museum-history/12837940|archive-date=11 July 2021|access-date=2021-07-11|website=www.abc.net.au|language=en-AU}}</ref> * [[:en:Okukor|Okukor]], a bronze formerly at Jesus College, Cambridge == References == <references /> == Bibliography == * {{cite book |last1=Beretta |first1=Alcides |last2=Rodenas |first2=María Dolores |title=Historia del Arte: La escultura del África negra |year=1983 |publisher=Carroggio |location=Barcelona |isbn=978-84-7254-313-3 |volume=II|language=es|ref={{harvid|Beretta|1983}}}} * {{Cite book |last= Docherty |first= Paddy |year= 2021 |title= Blood and Bronze: The British Empire and the Sack of Benin |location= London |publisher= Hurst |isbn= 978-1-787-38456-9 }} * {{cite book |last=Dohlvik |first=Charlotta |title=Museums and Their Voices: A Contemporary Study of the Benin Bronzes |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019105247/http://www.museion.gu.se/digitalAssets/805/805960_Dissertation_Charlotta_Dohlvik.pdf |date=May 2006 |publisher=International Museum Studies |access-date=18 October 2013 |archive-date=19 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019105247/https://web.archive.org/web/20131019105247/http://www.museion.gu.se/digitalAssets/805/805960_Dissertation_Charlotta_Dohlvik.pdf |url-status=dead }} * {{cite book |editor-first= Lawrence |editor-last=Gowing|title=Historia Universal del Arte |year=1984 |publisher=SARPE |location=Madrid |isbn=978-84-7291-592-3 |volume=IV |language=es }} * {{cite book|last=Greenfield|first=Janette|title=The Return of Cultural Treasures|url=https://archive.org/details/returnofcultural0000gree|year=2007|publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-80216-1}} * {{Cite book|last=Hicks|first=Dan|title=The Brutish Museums. The Benin Bronzes, Colonial Violence and Cultural Restitution|publisher=Pluto Press|year=2020|isbn=9780745341767}} * {{cite book|author=Huera, Carmen|title=Historia Universal del Arte: África, América y Asia, Arte Primitivo|publisher=Barcelona: Planeta.|year=1988|isbn=978-8432066900|ref={{harvid|Huera|1988}}}} * {{cite book|author=Leuzinger, Elsy|title=Arte del África negra|publisher=Ediciones Polígrafa|year=1976|isbn=978-84-343-0176-4|location=Barcelona|language=es|ref={{harvid|Leuzinger|1976}}}} * Lundén, Staffan (2016). ''[https://gupea.ub.gu.se/handle/2077/45847 Displaying Loot. The Benin objects and the British Museum]''. Gotark Series B, Göteborgs Universitet. * {{cite journal |last1=Nevadomsky |first1=Joseph |date=Spring 2004 |title=Art and Science in Benin Bronzes |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_african-arts_spring-2004_37_1/page/n11 |journal=African Arts |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=1, 4, 86–88, 95–96 |doi=10.1162/afar.2004.37.1.1 |doi-broken-date=1 November 2024 |jstor=3338001}} * {{cite journal |last=Nevadomsky |first=Joseph |year=2005 |title=Casting in Contemporary Benin Art |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_african-arts_summer-2005_38_2/page/66 |journal=African Arts |volume=38 |issue=2 |pages=66–96 |doi=10.1162/afar.2005.38.2.66 |doi-broken-date=1 November 2024}} * {{cite book|last=Phillips|first=Barnaby|title=LOOT: Britain and the Benin Bronzes|publisher=Oneworld Publications|year=2022|isbn=9780861543137|location=}} * {{cite book|last=Pijoan|title=Pijoan-Historia del Arte|publisher=Salvat Editores|year=1966|volume=I|location=Barcelona}} * {{cite book|last1=Titi|first1=Catharine|title=The Parthenon Marbles and International Law|date=2023|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-031-26356-9|edition=|location=|author-link=}} * {{cite book|last1=Willett|first1=Frank|title=African Art: An Introduction|url=https://archive.org/details/africanartintrod0000will|date=1985|publisher=Thames and Hudson|isbn=978-0-500-20103-9|edition=Reprint.|location=New York}} * {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PPxh5hcqB3wC|title=Benin Diplomatic Handbook|publisher=International Business Publications|year=2005|isbn=978-0-7397-5745-1}} == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://digitalbenin.org/ ''Digital Benin'' online platform] * [https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details.aspx?objectId=610486&partId=1 Benin Plaques, Museum number Af1898,0115.23, Collection Online, British Museum] * [https://www.artoftheancestors.com/blog/royal-art-of-benin-perls-collection Royal Art of Benin: The Perls Collection in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (1992 catalog)] {{DEFAULTSORT:Benin Bronzes}} [[Category:African sculptures insyd de British Museum]] [[Category:Benin City]] [[Category:Bronze sculptures]] [[Category:Art den cultural repatriation]] [[Category:Nigeria–United Kingdom relations]] [[Category:Nigeria–United States relations]] [[Category:Germany–Nigeria relations]] [[Category:Benin Court Art]] [[Category:Edo people]] [[Category:Webarchive template wayback links]] fsjm5v9m8plauz82hysqgo9ydcdq70c 0 16372 112549 98178 2026-09-25T02:39:28Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112549 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Reparations for slavery''' be de application of de concept of reparations to victims of slavery or deir descendants. There are concepts give reparations insyd legal philosophy den reparations insyd transitional justice. Insyd de US, reparations for slavery have been both given by legal ruling insyd court den/or given voluntarily (without court rulings) by individuals den institutions.<ref>Medish, Mark; Lucichref, Daniel (August 30, 2019). [https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/congress-must-officially-apologize-slavery-america-can-think-about-reparations-ncna1047561 "Congress must officially apologize for slavery before America can think about reparations"]. ''NBC News''. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref><ref name=":0">Davis, Allen (May 11, 2020). [https://guides.library.umass.edu/reparations "An Historical Timeline of Reparations Payments Made From 1783 through 2020 by the United States Government, States, Cities, Religious Institutions, Colleges and Universities, and Corporations"]. University of Massachusetts Amherst. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref> De first recorded case for reparations for slavery insyd de United States be to former slave [[Belinda Royall]] insyd 1783, insyd de form of a pension, den since then reparations continue to be proposed. To de present day, no federal reparations bills have been passed.<ref>[https://royallhouse.org/why-was-belindas-petition-approved/ "Why Was Belinda's Petition Approved?"]. ''The Royall House and Slave Quarters''. December 27, 2017. Retrieved October 29, 2020.</ref> De 1865 [[:en:Special_Field_Orders_No._15|Special Field Orders No. 15 ("Forty acres and a mule")]] be de most well known attempt to help newly freed slaves integrate into society den accumulate wealth.<ref name=":6">Darity, William (2020). ''From Here to Equality: Reparations for Black Americans in the Twenty-First Century''. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press. [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1469654973|978-1469654973]]</bdi>.</ref> However, President Andrew Johnson reversed this order, giving de land back to its former Confederate owners. Reparations have been a recurring idea insyd de politics of de United States, most recently insyd de 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries.<ref>Lockhart, PR (March 19, 2019). [https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/3/11/18246741/reparations-democrats-2020-inequality-warren-harris-castro "The 2020 Democratic primary debate over reparations, explained"]. Vox.</ref> De call give reparations intensified insyd 2020, amidst de protests against police brutality den de COVID-19 pandemic, wey both kill Black Americans disproportionately.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/20/joe-biden-reparations-slavery-george-floyd-protests "Calls for reparations are growing louder. How is the US responding?"]. ''The Guardian''. June 20, 2020. Retrieved July 20, 2020. <q>Several states, localities and private institutions are beginning to grapple with issue, advancing legislation or convening taskforces to develop proposals for reparations.</q></ref> Calls give reparations give racism den discrimination insyd de US be often made by black communities den authors alongside calls give reparations give slavery.<ref>Cashin, Cheryll (June 21, 2019). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/reparations-for-slavery-arent-enough-official-racism-lasted-much-longer/2019/06/21/2c0ecbe8-9397-11e9-aadb-74e6b2b46f6a_story.html "Reparations for slavery aren't enough. Official racism lasted much longer"]. ''The Washington Post''.</ref><ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20200615185752/https://www.blackavldemands.org/ "Black Asheville Demands – Reparations Section"]. June 26, 2020. Archived from the original on June 15, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref><ref name=":5">Coates, Ta-Nehisi (June 1, 2014). [https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/06/the-case-for-reparations/361631/ "The Case for Reparations"]. ''The Atlantic''.</ref><ref>Marable, Manning. [https://rethinkingschools.org/articles/racism-and-reparations/ "Racism and Reparations: The time has come for whites to acknowledge the legacy of nearly 250 years of slavery and almost 100 years of legalized segregation"]. Retrieved September 18, 2020.</ref> De idea of reparations dey remain highly controversial, due to questions of how dem would be given, how much dem go give, who would pay dem, den who would receive dem.<ref>Alfred L. Brophy, The Cultural War over Reparations for Slavery, 53 DePaul Law Review 1181–1213, 1182–1184 (Spring 2004)</ref><ref name=":2">Jones, Thai (January 31, 2020). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2020/01/31/slavery-reparations-seem-impossible-many-places-theyre-already-happening/?arc404=true "Slavery reparations seem impossible. In many places, they're already happening"]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref> Forms of reparations wey have been proposed insyd de United States by city, county, state, den national governments anaa private institutions dey include: individual monetary payments, settlements, scholarships, waiving of fees, den systemic initiatives to offset injustices, land-based compensation wey be related to independence, apologies den acknowledgements of de injustices, token measures (such as naming a building after someone)<ref name=":0" />, den de removal of monuments den streets named to slave owners den defenders of slavery.<ref name=":1" /><ref>Kepley-Steward, Kristy; Santostasi, Stephanie (July 10, 2020). [https://wlos.com/news/local/vance-monument-robert-e-lee-confederate-monuments-downtown-asheville-removed-covered "Confederate monuments in downtown Asheville removed or covered"]. ''WLOS''. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref> Since further injustices den discrimination have continued since dem overlawed slavery insyd de US,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200624064531/https://time.com/5851855/systemic-racism-america/ "America's Long Overdue Awakening to Systemic Racism"]. ''Time''. June 11, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref><ref>Jan, Tracy (March 28, 2020). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2018/03/28/redlining-was-banned-50-years-ago-its-still-hurting-minorities-today/ "Redlining was banned 50 years ago. It's still hurting minorities today"]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref><ref>Mitchell, Bruce; Franco, Juan (March 20, 2018). [https://ncrc.org/holc/ "HOLC "redlining" maps: The persistent structure of segregation and economic inequality"]. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref><ref>Nelson, Libby; Lind, Dara (February 24, 2015). [http://www.justicepolicy.org/news/8775 "The school to prison pipeline, explained"]. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref><ref>[https://www.sentencingproject.org/publications/un-report-on-racial-disparities/ "Report to the United Nations on Racial Disparities in the U.S. Criminal Justice System"]. April 19, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref> some black communities den civil rights organizations have called for reparations give those injustices sanso give reparations directly related to slavery.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> Some suggest dat de U.S. prison system, starting plus de convict lease system den continuing through de present-day government-owned corporation Federal Prison Industries (UNICOR), wey be modern form of legal slavery dat still primarily den disproportionately affects black populations den oda minorities via de war on drugs den what has been criticized as a school-to-prison pipeline.<ref>Love, David; Das, Vijay (September 9, 2017). [https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2017/09/slavery-prison-system-170901082522072.html "Slavery in the US prison system"]. ''Al Jazeera''. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref> == U.S. ein historical context == '''Insyd colonial times''' De debate on reparations dey reach as far back as de eighteenth century. Quakers, wey were some of de first abolitionists insyd de United States, almost unanimously insisted dat freed slaves be entitled to compensation from their former owners. If an owner repented of ein sin of owning a chattel slave, he dey need to atone give am by making amends. Quakers cited de book of Deuteronomy, insyd wey owners were exhorted to share dema goods plus former slaves.<ref>Brown University Steering Committee on Slavery and Justice (2007). ''[https://www.brown.edu/Research/Slavery_Justice/documents/SlaveryAndJustice.pdf Slavery and Justice]'' (PDF). Brown University. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/301709830 301709830].</ref> During de Revolutionary War, Warner Mifflin advocated give restitution give freed ex-slaves as early as 1778, insyd de form of cash payments, land, den shared crop arrangements.<ref>Heller, Mike (March 2019). [https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2397&context=qrt "Review of Gary Nash's Warner Mifflin: Unflinching Quaker Abolitionist"]. ''George Fox University''. Retrieved March 5, 2021.</ref><ref>Polgar, Paul J. (December 1, 2018). [[doi:10.1093/jahist/jay310|"Warner Mifflin: Unflinching Quaker Abolitionist"]]. ''Journal of American History''. '''105''' (3): 660–661. [[Doi (identifier)|doi:]][[doi:10.1093/jahist/jay310|10.1093/jahist/jay310]]. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0021-8723 0021-8723].</ref><ref>[https://hsp.org/calendar/fearless-and-forgotten-warner-mifflin-quaker-abolitionist-new-nation "The Fearless and Forgotten Warner Mifflin: Quaker Abolitionist of the New Nation"]. ''Historical Society of Pennsylvania''. Retrieved March 5, 2021.</ref> Gary B. Nash dey write dat, "he may fairly be called de father of American reparationism".<ref>Nash, Gary B. (2017). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=YIIuDwAAQBAJ Warner Mifflin: Unflinching Quaker Abolitionist]''. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 93. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>978-0812294361</bdi>.</ref><ref>Heller, Mike (March 1, 2019). [https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/qrt/vol132/iss1/10 "Review of Gary Nash's Warner Mifflin: Unflinching Quaker Abolitionist (Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press, 2017)"]. ''Quaker Religious Thought''. '''132''' (1). [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0033-5088 0033-5088].</ref> === Before de Civil War === Well before dem abolish slavery nationally insyd 1865, abolitionists presented suggestions on wat could anaa should be done to compensate de enslaved workers after their liberation. Early insyd 1859, insyd a book dem dedicate to "Old Hero" John Brown, James Redpath declared einself a "reparationist", den implies dat insyd ein view, de lands of de Confederacy should be given to de ex-slaves.<ref name=":3">Redpath, James (1859). ''[[iarchive:rovingeditorort00redpgoog/page/n10/mode/2up|The roving editor, or, Talks with Slaves in the Southern States]]''. New York: A. B. Burdick</ref> He sanso quotes an earlier poem, by William North, that dey refer to "the course of reparation".<ref name=":3" /> Later dat year, after Brown's execution, Redpath reported insyd de first biography of Brown dat he "was not merely an emancipationist, sana a reparationist. He believed, not only dat de crime of slavery should be abolished, sana dat reparation should be made give de wrongs dat had been done to de slave. What he believed, he practiced. On dis occasion [Missouri raid, 1859], after telling de slaves dat dem be free, he asked dem how much their services had been worth, den—having been answered—proceeded to take property to de amount thus due to de negroes."<ref>Redpath, James (1860). ''[[iarchive:publiclifecaptj02redpgoog/page/n8/mode/2up|The public life of Capt. John Brown]]''. Boston: Thayer and Eldridge.</ref> Dey call give permanent confiscation den redistribution of plantation lands had already been made by Representatives George W. Julian den Thaddeus Stevens, both of de Radical Republican faction.<ref>McKivigan, John R. (2008). ''[[iarchive:forgottenfirebra00mcki/page/n5/mode/2up|Forgotten firebrand : James Redpath and the making of nineteenth-century America]]''. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0801446733|978-0801446733]]</bdi>.</ref> === De Reconstruction period === De arguments surrounding reparations are based on de formal discussion about many different reparations, den actual land reparations wey African Americans receive am wey be later taken away. Insyd 1865, after de Confederate States of America be defeated insyd de American Civil War, General William Tecumseh Sherman issued Special Field Orders, No. 15 to both "assure de harmony of action insyd de area of operations"<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120118190642/http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA252324&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf "Harmony of Action" – Sherman as an Army Group Commander]</ref> den to solve problems wey de masses of freed slaves cause am, a temporary plan granting each freed family forty acres of tillable land insyd de sea islands den around Charleston, South Carolina give de exclusive use of black people who had been enslaved. De army sanso had a number of unneeded mules wey be given to freed slaves. Around 40,000 freed slaves be settled for 400,000 acres (1,600 km²) top insyd Georgia den South Carolina. However, President Andrew Johnson reversed de order after Lincoln was assassinated, de land was returned to ein previous owners, den black people be forced to leave. Insyd 1867, Thaddeus Stevens sponsored a bill give de redistribution of land to African Americans, sana it did not pass. Reconstruction came to an end insyd 1877 without de issue of reparations having been addressed. Thereafter, a deliberate movement of segregation den oppression arose insyd Southern states.Jim Crow laws passed insyd some Southeastern states to reinforce de existing inequality dat slavery had produced. In addition, white extremist organizations wey include de Ku Klux Klan engaged insyd a massive campaign of terrorism throughout de Southeast in order to keep African Americans insyd their prescribed social place. Give decades dis assumed inequality den injustice was ruled on insyd court decisions den debated insyd public discourse. Insyd one anomalous case, a former slave named Henrietta Wood successfully sued give compensation after having been kidnapped from de free state of Ohio den sold into slavery insyd Mississippi. After de American Civil War, she was freed den returned to Cincinnati, wey she won ein case insyd federal court insyd 1878, receiving $2,500 (~$81,457 insyd 2024) insyd damages. Though de verdict was a national news story, it did not prompt any trend toward additional similar cases.<ref>McDaniel, W. Caleb. [https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/henrietta-wood-sued-reparations-won-180972845/ "In 1870, Henrietta Wood Sued for Reparations – and Won"]. ''Smithsonian''. Retrieved October 6, 2019.</ref> ==== <big>Post-Reconstruction Era</big> ==== Insyd 1896, de National Ex-Slave Mutual Relief, Bounty den Pension Association (MRB&PA) be founded give de purpose of obtaining pensions give former slaves from de Federal government as compensation den reparations give their unpaid labor den suffering. Chartered insyd 1898 insyd Nashville, Tennessee, de organization be founded by former slaves Callie House den Isaiah H. Dickerson. According to some historians, de organization be "de first mass reparations movement wey African Americans led am".<ref>Berry, Mary Frances (2005). ''[[iarchive:myfaceisblackist00berr/page/230|My Face Is Black Is True]]''. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. pp. 230, 4. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>1-4000-4003-5</bdi>.</ref> De organization den ein leaders be hounded plus false allegations den criminal prosecutions until ein last local branches closed insyd de 1930's. Insyd 1915, under Callie House's leadership, de association filed a class-action lawsuit, Johnson v. McAdoo, insyd federal court against de U.S. Treasury Department give 68 million dollars. $68 million be de amount of cotton tax collected between 1862 den 1868 den, it was argued, be due to de plaintiffs because dem produced dis cotton den their ancestors as a result of their involuntary servitude. Dis be de first documented Black reparations litigation insyd de US on de federal level. De U.S. Court of Appeals give de District of Columbia denied de claim based on governmental immunity as did de U.S. Supreme Court, wey dey side plus de Appeals Court's decision.<ref>Booker Perry, Miranda (Summer 2010). [https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2010/summer/slave-pension.html "No Pensions for Ex-Slaves: How Federal Agencies Suppressed Movement to Aid Freedpeople"]. ''Prologue Magazine''. Vol. 42, no. 2. U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved 2 May 2021.</ref> '''<big>2020</big>''' De topic became a prominent theme during de 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries<ref>[https://ballotpedia.org/Super_Tuesday_primaries,_2020 "Super Tuesday primaries, 2020"]. ''Ballotpedia''. Retrieved June 17, 2025.</ref> as concerns surrounding race be heightened due to current events.<ref>Hagen, Lisa (February 27, 2019). [https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2019-02-27/2020-democrats-support-for-reparations-lacks-details "2020 Democrats' Support for Reparations Lacks Details"]. ''US News''.</ref> Dem further amplify am because of African-American people be dying prematurely den disproportionately due to de COVID-19 pandemic. Ongoing systemic racism den police brutality sanso sparked outrage across de country, notably de killing of Breonna Taylor, a 26-year-old African-American emergency medical technician, wey Louisville Metro Police Department fatally shot am insyd ein home; de murder of Ahmaud Arbery, shot while out give a run by three white men insyd Georgia; den de murder of George Floyd, a Black American killed during an arrest by Minneapolis police after allegedly passing a counterfeit $20 bill, dat sparked de nationwide George Floyd protests.<ref>Peyton, Nellie; Murray, Christine (June 24, 2020). [https://news.trust.org/item/20200624170052-dt00z/ "Calls for reparations gain steam as U.S. reckons with racial injustice"].</ref> Candidates dat endorsed de idea included: * Andrew Yang said dat he supports H.R. 40, de Commission to Study den Develop Reparation Proposals give African-Americans Act, sponsored by Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee,<ref>Rep. Jackson Lee, Sheila (January 3, 2019). [https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/40 "H.R.40 – 116th Congress (2019–2020): Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African-Americans Act"]. ''Congress.gov''. Library of Congress. Retrieved June 22, 2020.</ref> while speaking on de Karen Hunter show<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/MEWUwiM3pz0 Ghostarchive] and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20200108222825/https://www.youtube.com/watch?t=335s&v=MEWUwiM3pz0&app=desktop Wayback Machine]: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MEWUwiM3pz0 "What is Andrew Yang's Black Agenda?"] ''www.youtube.com''. November 13, 2019 – via YouTube.</ref> * Marianne Williamson detailed a plan give reparations insyd an interview give Ebony Magazine.<ref>Santi, Christina (February 1, 2019). [https://www.ebony.com/news/dem-presidential-candidate-calls-100b-slavery-reparations/ "Dem. Presidential Candidate Calls for $100B in Slavery Reparations"]. ''Ebony''. Retrieved May 2, 2019.</ref> * Senators Elizabeth Warren den Cory Booker have both indicated some level of support give reparations, according to NPR.<ref>[https://www.npr.org/2019/03/01/698916063/2020-democrats-wrestle-with-a-big-question-what-are-reparations "2020 Democrats Wrestle With A Big Question: What Are Reparations?"]. ''NPR.org''. Retrieved May 2, 2019.</ref> * Tulsi Gabbard be a cosponsor of H.R. 40, de only piece of legislation insyd Congress to study den develop reparations proposals<ref>[https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/40 "H.R.40 – 116th Congress (2019–2020): Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African-Americans Act"]. June 19, 2019.</ref> den Bernie Sanders be a co-sponsor give de Senate version of de bill.<ref>[https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/senate-bill/1083/cosponsors?q={%22search%22%3A%22S.+1083%22}&r=1&s=1 "S.1083 – H.R. 40 Commission to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African-Americans Act"]. ''Congress.gov''. Retrieved July 12, 2019.</ref> Kamala Harris declared insyd April 2019 she supports reparations.<ref>David Weigel (April 4, 2019). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/paloma/the-trailer/2019/04/04/the-trailer-in-the-sharpton-primary-democrats-put-civil-rights-and-reparations-at-center-stage/5ca518281b326b0f7f38f30f/?noredirect=on "The Trailer: In the Sharpton primary, Democrats put civil rights and reparations at center stage"]. ''Washington Post''. Retrieved April 6, 2019. <q>asked Sen. Kamala Harris of California whether she supported "some type" of reparations and she said she did</q></ref> Beto O'Rourke be "open to considering some form of reparations," according to ''U.S. News & World Report''.<ref>David Catanese (April 3, 2019). [https://www.usnews.com/news/the-run/articles/2019-04-03/at-al-sharptons-summit-beto-orourke-commits-to-reparations-bill?yptr=yahoo "Beto O'Rourke Takes a Stand on Reparations"]. ''U.S. News & World Report''. Retrieved April 6, 2019. <q>This posture signals he's at least now open to considering some form of reparations.</q></ref><ref>[https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/apr/4/beto-orourke-backs-reparations-commission/ "Beto O'Rourke backs reparations commission: 'Absolutely I would sign that into law'"]. ''The Washington Times''.</ref><ref>Jeremy Wallace (April 3, 2019). [https://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/politics/texas/article/Beto-O-Rourke-joins-Juli-n-Castro-in-backing-13739541.php "Beto O'Rourke joins Julián Castro in backing reparations bill in Congress"]. ''Houston Chronicle''. Retrieved April 6, 2019.</ref> Tom Steyer insyd de 2020 Democratic Primaries Debate insyd South Carolina voiced ein support give reparations.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bl1afoqSy7U "Tom Steyer on his South Carolina debate performance"]. www.youtube.com. February 26, 2020 - via YouTube.</ref> == Proposals for reparations == === United States government === Sam proposals have called give direct payments from de U.S. government. Various estimates have been given if such payments were to be made. ''Harper's Magazine'' estimated dat de total of reparations due was about "$97 trillion, based on 222,505,049 hours of forced labor between 1619 den 1865, regardless de United States wasn't a recognized independent country until after de Revolutionary War insyd 1787, compounded at 6% interest through 1993".<ref>Flaherty, Peter; Carlisle, John (October 2004). [https://web.archive.org/web/20190904024117/https://nlpc.org/wp-content/uploads/files/Reparationsbook.pdf "The Case Against Slave Reparations"] (PDF). National Legal and Policy Center. p. 1. Retrieved December 20, 2018.</ref> Should all anaa part of dis amount be paid to de descendants of slaves insyd de United States, de current U.S. government would only pay a fraction of dat cost, since it has been insyd existence only since 1789. For two centuries, from de 1700s until World War I, de average wage for one day's unskilled labor insyd America was one dollar. According to de Brookings Institution, insyd 1860, ova $3 billion (~$83 billion insyd 2023) be de value assigned to de physical bodies of enslaved Black Americans to be used as free labor den production.<ref>Why we need reparations for Black Americans - [https://www.brookings.edu/articles/why-we-need-reparations-for-black-americans/#:~:text=Reparations%E2%80%94a%20system "Black Americans who were enslaved in the United States were valued at an estimated $3 billion in 1860"]. www.b''rookings.edu.'' Retrieved July 19, 2025</ref> Dis be more money dan be invested insyd factories den railroads combined. Insyd 1861, de value placed on cotton produced by enslaved Blacks be $250 million (~$6.66 billion insyd 2023). give de descendants of de 12.5 million Blacks wey be shipped insyd chains from Western Africa, “America get a genetic birth defect wen it comes to de question of race,” as stated recently by U.S. representative Hakeem Jeffries. If America be to atone give dis defect, reparations give Black Americans be part of de healing den reconciliation process. De Rev. M.J. Divine, better known as Father Divine, be one of de earliest leaders to argue clearly give "retroactive compensation", den de message was spread via International Peace Mission publications. For July 28, 1951 top, Father Divine issued a "peace stamp" bearing de text: "Peace! All nations and peoples wey be suppressed den oppressed de under-privileged, dem will be obliged to pay de African slaves den dema descendants give all uncompensated servitude den give all unjust compensation, wey be dem have been unjustly deprived of compensation on de account of previous condition of servitude den de present condition of servitude. Dis is to be accomplished insyd de defense of all oda under-privileged subjects den must be paid retroactive up-to-date".<ref>[http://peacemission.info/media/peace-stamps/?pid=91 "Peace Stamps"]. ''peacemission.info''. Retrieved November 15, 2017.</ref> At de first National Reparations Convention insyd Chicago insyd 2001, a proposal Howshua Amariel wrote am, a Chicago social activist, would require de federal government to make reparations to proven descendants of slaves. In addition, Amariel stated "For those blacks wey wish to remain insyd America, dem should receive reparations in de form of free education, free medical, free legal den free financial aid give 50 years plus no taxes levied," den "For those desiring to leave America, every black person would receive a million dollars anaa more, backed by gold, insyd reparation". At de convention Amariel's proposal received approval from de 100 anaa so participants.<ref>Paul Shepard (February 11, 2001). [https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/20010211/reparation11/us-slavery-reparations-hope-that-a-race-will-be-compensated-gains-momentum "U.S. slavery reparations: Hope that a race will be compensated gains momentum"]. ''Seattle Times''. Retrieved November 10, 2008.</ref> Nevertheless, de question of wey would receive such payments, wey should pay dem den insyd wat amount, has remained highly controversial,<ref>Bright Simons (April 12, 2007). [http://www.worldpress.org/Africa/2750.cfm "Ghanaian President Stirs Controversy Over Slave Trade Reparations"]. ''worldpress.org''. Retrieved November 15, 2017.</ref><ref name=":4">Michelle Chen (March 27, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070317105452/http://newstandardnews.net/content/index.cfm/items/4449 "Bill to Study Slavery Reparations Still Facing Resistance"]. ''The NewStandard''. Retrieved November 15, 2017.</ref> since de United States Census does not track descent from slaves anaa slave owners den relies on self-reported racial categories. For July 30, 2008 top, de United States House of Representatives passed a resolution apologizing give American slavery den subsequent discriminatory laws.<ref name=":14">[https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=93059465 "Congress apologizes for slavery, Jim Crows"]. NPR. July 30, 2008 but made no mention of reparations.</ref> Nine states officially apologize for dema involvement insyd de enslavement of Africans. Those states be: * Alabama – April 25, 2007<ref name="Blerd">{{Cite web|date=June 12, 2019|title=What States Have Apologized for Slavery|url=https://blerdplanet.com/what-states-have-apologized-for-slavery/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200103084333/https://blerdplanet.com/what-states-have-apologized-for-slavery/|archive-date=3 Jan 2020|access-date=June 13, 2019|website=Blerd Planet}}</ref> * Connecticut * Delaware – February 11, 2016<ref name="Moyer">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/02/11/delaware-apologizes-for-slavery-and-jim-crow-no-reparations-forthcoming/|title=Delaware apologizes for slavery and Jim Crow. No reparations forthcoming.|last=Moyer|first=Justin|date=February 11, 2016|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=July 23, 2019}}</ref> * Florida – 2008<ref name="Blerd" /> * Maryland – 2007<ref name="Blerd" /> * New Jersey – 2008<ref name="Blerd" /> * North Carolina – 2007<ref name="NSNBC">{{cite news|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna17967662|title=North Carolina Senate apologizes for slavery|date=April 5, 2007|publisher=NSNBC|access-date=July 24, 2019}}</ref> * Tennessee * Virginia – 2007<ref name="Blerd" /> === Private institutions === Private institutions den corporations be sana involved insyd slavery. On March 8, 2000, Reuters News Service reported dat Deadria Farmer-Paellmann, a law school graduate, initiated a one-woman campaign wey dey make a historic demand give restitution den apologies from modern companies dat played a direct role insyd enslaving Africans. Aetna Inc. be ein first target because of dema practice of writing life insurance policies on de lives of enslaved Africans plus slave owners as de beneficiaries. In response to Farmer-Paellmann's demand, Aetna Inc. issued a public apology, den de "corporate restitution movement" be born.<ref>Smith, Jessie Carney; Wynn, Linda T. (January 1, 2009). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=lNHVLB7Xc9IC&dq=Farmer-Paellmann+Aetna+Restitution+Study+Group&pg=PA140 Freedom Facts and Firsts: 400 Years of the African American Civil Rights Experience]''. Visible Ink Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>978-1-57859-260-9</bdi>.</ref> By 2002, nine lawsuits be filed around de country coordinated by Farmer-Paellmann den de Restitution Study Group—a New York non-profit. De litigation included 20 plaintiffs, demanding restitution from 20 companies from de banking, insurance, textile, railroad, den tobacco industries.De cases be consolidated under 28 U.S.C. 1407<ref>28 U.S.C. [https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/28/1407 § 1407]</ref> to multidistrict litigation insyd de United States District Court give de Northern District of Illinois. De district court dismissed de lawsuits ''plus'' prejudice, den de claimants appealed to de United States Court of Appeals give de Seventh Circuit. On December 13, 2006, dat court, insyd an opinion Judge Richard Posner wrote am, modified de district court's judgment to be a dismissal ''without'' prejudice, affirmed de majority of de district court's judgment, den reversed de portion of de district court's judgment dismissing de plaintiffs' consumer protection claims, remanding de case give further proceedings consistent plus its opinion.<ref>http://www.ca7.uscourts.gov/tmp/Z100WR3H.pdf</ref> Thus, de plaintiffs may bring de lawsuit again, sanso must clear considerable procedural den substantive hurdles first: <blockquote>If one anaa more of de defendants violated a state law by transporting slaves insyd 1850, den de plaintiffs sabi establish standing to sue, prove de violation despite ein antiquity, establish dat de law was intended to provide a remedy (either directly anaa by providing de basis give a common law action give conspiracy, conversion, anaa restitution) to lawfully enslaved persons anaa dema descendants, identify dema ancestors, quantify damages incurred, den persuade de court to toll de statute of limitations, der would be no further obstacle to de grant of relief.<ref>''In re African-American Slave Descendants Litig.'', 471 F.3d 754, 759 (7th Cir. 2006).</ref></blockquote>Insyd October 2000, California passed de Slavery Era Disclosure Law requiring insurance companies doing business der to report on dema role insyd slavery. De disclosure legislation, wey Senator Tom Hayden introduced am, be de prototype give similar laws passed insyd 12 states around de United States. De NAACP has called give more of such legislation at local den corporate levels. It quotes Dennis C. Hayes, CEO of de NAACP, as saying, "Absolutely, we will be pursuing reparations from companies dat have historical ties to slavery den engaging all parties to come to de table".<ref>[http://www.washtimes.com/national/20050712-120944-7745r.htm "NAACP to target private business"]. ''The Washington Times''. July 12, 2005. Retrieved November 15, 2017.</ref> Brown University, whose namesake family was involved insyd de slave trade, has sana established a committee to explore de issue of reparations. Insyd February 2007, Brown University announced a set of responses<ref>[http://www.brown.edu/Research/Slavery_Justice/documents/SJ_response_to_the_report.pdf "Response of Brown University to the Report of the Steering Committee on Slavery and Justice, February 2007"] (PDF). Brown University. Retrieved November 15, 2017.</ref> to ein Steering Committee on Slavery den Justice.<ref>''[http://www.brown.edu/Research/Slavery_Justice/documents/SlaveryAndJustice.pdf Slavery and Justice: Report of the Brown University Steering Committee on Slavery and Justice].''</ref> While insyd 1995 de Southern Baptist Convention apologized give de "sins" of racism, wey include slavery.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110428203113/http://www.sbc.net/resolutions/amResolution.asp?ID=899 "Southern Baptist Convention Resolution On Racial Reconciliation On The 150th Anniversary Of The Southern Baptist Convention"]. Southern Baptist Convention. Retrieved November 15, 2017.</ref> Insyd December 2005, a boycott was called by a coalition of reparations groups under de sponsorship of de Restitution Study Group. De boycott targets de student loan products of banks deemed complicit insyd slavery—particularly those identified insyd de Farmer-Paellmann litigation. As part of de boycott, students are asked to choose from oda banks to finance dema student loans.<ref>Brendan Coyne, [https://web.archive.org/web/20160421081801/http://newstandardnews.net/content/?action=show_item&itemid=2653 "Student Loan Boycott Demands Slavery Reparations"], ''The NewStandard'', December 6, 2005.</ref> Pro-reparations groups wey include de National Coalition of Blacks give Reparations insyd America advocate give compensation to be insyd de form of community rehabilitation den not payments to individual descendants.<ref name=":4" /> === Black Lives Matter === Many groups under de Black Lives Matter organization have laid out a list of demands, some of which dey include: reparations, give wat dem say e be past den continuing harms to African Americans, an end to de death penalty, legislation to acknowledge de effects of slavery, a move to defund de police, seizing homes wey white families owned am den providing dem free to blacks,<ref>Miller, Joshua Rhett (August 14, 2020). [https://nypost.com/2020/08/14/seattle-blm-protesters-demand-white-people-give-up-their-homes/ "Seattle BLM protesters demand white people 'give up' their homes"]. Retrieved October 25, 2024.</ref> sanso investments insyd education initiatives, mental health services, den jobs programs.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20241217023927/https://www.populardemocracy.org/news-and-publications/black-lives-matter-coalition-makes-demands-campaign-heats "Black Lives Matter Coalition Makes Demands as Campaign Heats Up"]. ''The Center for Popular Democracy''. August 1, 2016. Retrieved October 19, 2020.</ref> These calls give reparations have been bolstered amidst de COVID-19 pandemic den de high rates of police brutality against Blacks.<ref>Keeanga Yamahtta-Taylor (April 16, 2020). [https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/the-black-plague "The Black Plague"]. ''The New Yorker''. Retrieved March 17, 2021.</ref> == Arguments for Reparations == === Accumulated wealth === Housing discrimination played a big role insyd creating de racial wealth gap dat exists today. After de Great Migration of Southern blacks to Chicago insyd de 1940s, dem used redlining to keep former slaves segregated from whites den to prevent black families from getting a mortgage.<ref name=":5" /> Thus dem be forced to buy houses for contracts top from real estate speculators, wey be a scam. Not only did dis cause thousands of Black Americans to lose dema homes den dema money, e sanso created wat be known today as ghettos den prevented Blacks from accumulating wealth. Today, de average white family has roughly 10 times de amount of wealth as de average black family, den white college graduates have ova seven times more wealth dan Black college graduates. De wealth of de United States was greatly enhanced by de exploitation of African-American slave labor: sam argue e be de bedrock give de U.S. economy den capitalism. However, former slaves den dema descendants be among de poorest demographic insyd America.<ref name=":7">Kunnie, Julian (Winter–Spring 2018). [https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/toc/jaah/2018/103/1-2 "Justice never too late: The historical background to current reparations movements among Africans and African Americans"]. ''The Journal of African American History''. '''103''' (1–2): 44–64. [[Doi (identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1086/696364|10.1086/696364]]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:149992900 149992900].</ref> According to dis view, reparations would be valuable primarily as a way of correcting modern economic imbalances. Insyd 2008 de American Humanist Association published an article wey argued dat if emancipated slaves had been allowed to possess den retain de profits of dema labor, dema descendants might now control a much larger share of American social den monetary wealth.<ref>Ananda S. Osel, [https://web.archive.org/web/20090215090041/http://dailyuw.com/2008/8/17/us-apology-slavery-apparently-not-front-page-news/ U.S. Apology for Slavery – Apparently Not Front Page News] ''The Humanist'', Nov/Dec 2008 (American Humanist Association)</ref> Not only did de freedmen not receive a share of these profits, but dem be stripped of de small amounts of compensation paid to sam of dem during Reconstruction.<ref>Stevens, Robert (2010). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=BE1gAwAAQBAJ&dq=Not+only+did+the+freedmen+not+receive+a+share+of+these+profits%2C+but+they+were+stripped+of+the+small+amounts+of+compensation+paid+to+some+of+them+during+Reconstruction.&pg=PA20 The Bracken Rangers: Company K, 28th Regiment, 1st Indiana Cavalry, and Essays on the American Civil War]''. Lulu.com. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>978-1257851256</bdi> – via Google Books.</ref> Therefore, many scholars den activists call give reparations to eliminate "racial disparities insyd wealth, income, education, health, sentencing den incarceration, political participation, den subsequent opportunities to engage insyd American political den social life".<ref name=":6" /> === Health care === Insyd 2019, VICE magazine published an article dat argued racial health disparities, from slavery through Jim Crow until today, have cost Black Americans a significant amount of money insyd health care expenses den lost wages, den should be paid back.<ref>Jason Silverstein (June 19, 2019). [https://www.vice.com/en/article/the-healthcare-case-for-reparations-hr40/ "Being Black in America Is a Health Risk. It's Time for Reparations"]. ''Vice''.</ref> Ray den Perry state insyd a Brookings article dat de lack of a social safety net den de wealth gap are particularly highlighted during de COVID-19 pandemic. Dem explain dat “disparities insyd access to health care along plus inequities insyd economic policies combine,” making dis inequality a life anaa death situation give black Americans.<ref name=":8">Ray, Rashawn; Perry, Andre M. (April 15, 2020). [https://www.brookings.edu/policy2020/bigideas/why-we-need-reparations-for-black-americans/ "Why we need reparations for Black Americans"]. ''Brookings''. Retrieved October 30, 2020.</ref> '''<big>Current discrimination</big>''' Many argue dat giving reparations give slavery be too complicated, but der be a strong basis give dem on de past den current discrimination dat blacks insyd America face.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":9">Prager, Jeffery (November 4, 2017). "Do Black Lives Matter? A Psychoanalytic Exploration of Racism and American Resistance to Reparations". ''Political Psychology''. '''38''' (4): 637–651. [[Doi (identifier)|doi:]][[doi:10.1111/pops.12436|10.1111/pops.12436]]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:149317387 149317387].</ref> Ta-Nehisi Coates dey explain am insyd "The Case for Reparations" article insyd The Atlantic as "ninety years of Jim Crow, sixty years of separate but equal, den thirty-five years of racist housing policy".<ref name=":5" /> De legacy of these policies have kept African Americans from opportunities to build wealth, while slavery "enriched white slave owners den dema descendants".<ref name=":8" /> Today, de district of North Lawndale insyd Chicago, wey redlining be de strongest, be de poorest neighborhood insyd de city, plus an unemployment rate of 18.6% den 42% of residents living below de poverty line.<ref name=":5" /> De discriminatory practices of 1940 through 1970 still reverberate today, as de average White family has roughly ten times de amount of wealth as de average Black family.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":12">Ward, Marguerite. [https://www.businessinsider.com/welfare-policy-created-white-wealth-largely-leaving-black-americans-behind-2020-8 "How decades of US welfare policies lifted up the white middle class and largely excluded Black Americans"]. ''Business Insider''. Retrieved October 19, 2020.</ref> As Bittker claims insyd ein book The Case for Black Reparations, "as slavery faded into de background, e be succeeded by a caste system embodying white supremacy".<ref name=":10">Bittker, Boris (2003). ''The Case for Black Reparations''. Random House.</ref> Many argue dat while reparations may be a first step towards amending de harms wey slavery cause am, de systemic racism dat exists insyd many institutions will not be fixed as easily. Malcolm X stated: "If you stick a knife insyd my back nine inches den pull am out six inches, der's no progress. If you pull am all de way out dat's not progress. Progress be healing de wound dat de blow made."<ref>[http://www.notable-quotes.com/x/x_malcolm.html "Malcolm X Quotes"]. ''notable-quotes.com''. Retrieved October 19, 2020.</ref> === Precedents === Advocates have used oda examples of reparations to argue dat victims of institutional slavery should be similarly compensated.<ref>[http://www.abanet.org/irr/hr/spring00humanrights/gifford.html "The Legal Basis of the Claim for Slavery Reparations"]. American Bar Association. Retrieved November 15, 2017.</ref> Insyd several cases de federal government has formally apologized to anaa compensated minority groups give past actions: * Under de Civil Liberties Act of 1988, wey President Ronald Reagan signed am into law, de U.S. government apologized give Japanese American internment during World War II den provided reparations of $20,000 to each survivor, to compensate give loss of property den liberty during dat period. No compensation was given to de descendants of affected individuals though. * De Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act transferred land, federal money, den a portion of oil revenues to native Alaskans. * De Apology Resolution of 1993 apologized give de overthrow of de Kingdom of Hawaii, sana gave no compensation. U.S. state governments have made reparations insyd some specific circumstances: * Virginia established a compensation fund give victims of involuntary sterilization insyd 2015.<ref>[https://dbhds.virginia.gov/developmental-services/victimsofeugenics/ "Victims of Eugenics Sterilization Compensation Program"]. ''Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services (DBHDS)''. Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.</ref> Oda countries have sanso opted to pay reparations give past grievances, such as: * Reparations give de Holocaust, wey dey include de Reparations Agreement between Israel den West Germany den various programs under de Conference for Jewish Material Claims Against Germany top. == Arguments against reparations == === Statute of limitations === Most state den federal laws under wey parties sabi sue give damages have a statute of limitations wey sets a deadline give filing; these have all long since passed, wey prevents courts from granting relief under existing laws. Dis has been used effectively insyd several suits, wey dey nclude ''In re: African American Slave Descendants'', wey dismissed a high-profile suit against a number of businesses plus ties to slavery.<ref>[https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-7th-circuit/1446515.html "In re: African-American Slave Descents Ligation"]. ''Case Law''. Retrieved July 9, 2019.</ref> === Technical complications === De technical side of reparations be very complex, den could be a reason why dem have not yet been implemented. Sam argue against de idea of putting a monetary value on de traumas dat Black Americans have faced, dubbing am "transactionalism".<ref name=":9" /> On de oda hand, sam dismiss de case give reparations entirely due to practical concerns, wey include who would receive these financial payments, why should de current generation pay give wrongs give wey dem are not responsible, den how much should be paid. De estimates of de monetary value of stolen slave labor den subsequent discrimination vary “from an outrageously low $3.2 million to $4.7 billion,” den to as much as $12 trillion.<ref name=":7" /> Dis sanso dey raise de question of who be responsible give paying. Generally, three actors be agreed upon: federal den state governments, wey supported den protected de institution of slavery; private companies dat benefited from it; den “rich families dat owe a good portion of dema wealth to slavery”.<ref name=":11">Breeanna Hare and Doug Criss (August 15, 2020). [https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/15/us/slavery-reparations-explanation-trnd/index.html "People are again talking about slavery reparations. But it's a complex and thorny issue"]. ''CNN''. Retrieved October 19, 2020.</ref> Sam claim dat closing de wealth gap dey involve paying descendants of slaves “individual cash payments insyd de amount dat will close de Black-white racial wealth divide”.<ref name=":10" /> Another suggestion be give reparations to "come insyd de form of wealth-building opportunities dat address racial disparities insyd education, housing, den business ownership".<ref name=":8" /> For example, insyd de city of Asheville, North Carolina, reparations have been implemented insyd de form of "investments insyd areas wey Black residents face disparities".<ref name=":11" /> However, de complications dat surround dis be significant, den odas argue dat putting de money into communities be not efficient, due to people moving den gentrification.<ref name=":6" /> Insyd ein book, Bittker lays out sam of de practical den constitutional problems dat would likely arise insyd an attempt to execute a program of reparations to Blacks.<ref name=":10" /> Would it be de same payment to every person? Would dem have to prove ancestry to an African slave, anaa would it be any black person wey was subject to racism? There be no real answers to these questions, as dis be unprecedented case. Oda cases of reparations, wey include to de Jewish people wey survived de Holocaust anaa de Native Americans insyd de United States, be very different insyd de way dat it be much easier to identify de group wey should receive dem, den de reparations were paid more quickly dan insyd de case of reparations give slavery. === Additional arguments den opinions === Steven Greenhut, de western region director give de R Street Institute, has suggested dat reparations would make racism worse.<ref>Greenhut, Steven (April 5, 2019). [https://reason.com/2019/04/05/reparations-likely-to-divide-not-heal/ "Reparations Are More Likely to Divide the Nation Than Heal It"]. ''Reason''.</ref> Republican senator Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, wey be a descendant of slave owners,<ref>Siemaszko, Corky (July 8, 2019). [https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/mitch-mcconnell-ancestors-slave-owners-alabama-1800s-census-n1027511 "Sen. Mitch McConnell's great-great-grandfathers owned 14 slaves, bringing reparations issue close to home"]. ''NBC News''. Retrieved January 29, 2021.</ref> while dey acknowledge dat slavery was an "original sin" of de United States, opposes providing reparations because he believes "none of us currently living are responsible."<ref>Ted Barrett, Ted (June 19, 2019). [https://www.cnn.com/2019/06/18/politics/mitch-mcconnell-opposes-reparations-slavery/index.html "McConnell opposes paying reparations: 'None of us currently living are responsible' for slavery"]. ''CNN''. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref> One publication against reparations be David Horowitz, ''Uncivil Wars: The Controversy Over Reparations for Slavery'' (2002). Oda works dat discuss problems plus reparations dey include John Torpey's ''Making Whole What Has Been Smashed: On Reparations Politics'' (2006), Alfred Brophy's ''Reparations Pro den Con'' (2006), den Nahshon Perez's ''Freedom from Past Injustices'' (Edinburgh University Press, 2012). Reparations insyd de U.S. have never gained widespread public support.<ref name=":9" /> Often insyd these conversations, de White reaction is to claim dat dis be a form of unjustifiable "reverse racism", anaa dat demands give reparations be an example of de "Black refusal to move beyond de memory of slavery".<ref name=":9" /> A 2020 poll from De Washington Post showed dat "63% of Americans don't think de U.S. should pay reparations to de descendants of slaves".<ref name=":11" /> Notably, 82% of Black Americans support reparations, while 75% of White Americans do not. Sam arguments sanso highlight de complications behind reparations, such as "not all Black Americans are descendants of slaves" anaa dat de people alive today are not responsible give de harms of slavery. Odas still argue dat reparations will do nothing insyd de face of racism, den dat structural den policy changes would be more effective. Insyd de midst of America's racial unrest from 2020 to de present, these tensions were particularly exposed.^{[''original research?'']} == Reparations den COVID-19 == De call give reparations has amplified due to de coronavirus pandemic, plus people of color disproportionately likely to be laid off, to struggle financially, den to die from de virus.<ref name=":12" /> For example, 40% of black-owned businesses have closed permanently since March due to de pandemic, compared to 17% of white-owned businesses during de same period.<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/black-owned-busineses-close-thousands-coronavirus-pandemic/ "40% of black-owned businesses not expected to survive coronavirus"]. ''CBS News''. June 22, 2020. Retrieved October 19, 2020.</ref> Dis relates back to de fact dat white families have roughly ten times de wealth of black families.<ref name=":7" /> Dis limits black-owned businesses' access to credit den loans, den dem do not have de safety net insyd times of crises dat many white-owned businesses do.^{[''citation needed'']} In addition, African Americans continue to get infected den die from COVID-19 at rates more than 1.5 times dema share of de population.<ref name=":13">Wood, Daniel (September 23, 2020). [https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/09/23/914427907/as-pandemic-deaths-add-up-racial-disparities-persist-and-in-some-cases-worsen "As Pandemic Deaths Add Up, Racial Disparities Persist — And In Some Cases Worsen"]. ''NPR News''. Retrieved October 30, 2020.</ref> Insyd August 2020, de CDC released data wey dey show dat Blacks, Latinos, den American Indians are experiencing hospitalizations at rates 4.5 to 5.5 times higher dan non-Hispanic whites, den dat African Americans are dying at 2.4 times de white rate.<ref name=":13" /> == Legislation den oda actions == ===Federal government=== On July 30, 2008, de United States House of Representatives pass a resolution wey dey apologize for American slavery den subsequent discriminatory laws.<ref name=":14" /> Na de Senate apologize insyd 2009.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Medish |first1=Mark |last2=Lucich |first2=Daniel |date=2019-08-30 |title=Congress must officially apologize for slavery before America can think about reparations |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/congress-must-officially-apologize-slavery-america-can-think-about-reparations-ncna1047561 |access-date=2023-10-21 |work=NBC News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Senate approves resolution apologizing for slavery |work=CNN |url=https://www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/06/18/senate.slavery/index.html |access-date=2023-10-21 }}</ref> ===States=== ====Legislation==== * '''California''' – Adopted legislation wey dey require insurance companies to determine whether dem have records going back to when slavery existed insyd dis country den, if so, to provide information for insurance policies top wey slaveholders held am on slaves to de state's insurance department.<ref name=":15">McCarthy, Kevin (February 1, 2012). [https://www.cga.ct.gov/2012/rpt/2012-R-0072.htm Slavery Era Insurance Registry Laws] (Report). OLR Research Report. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref> De California Reparations Task Force was established insyd 2020 as a non-regulatory state agency to study den develop reparation proposals. * '''Illinois''' – Adopted legislation wey dey require insurance companies to determine whether dem have records going back to when slavery existed insyd dis country den, if so, to provide information for insurance policies top wey slaveholders held am on slaves to de state's insurance department.<ref name=":15" /> * '''Iowa''' – Adopted legislation wey dey ask de insurance commissioner to request if insurance companies dem have records going back to when slavery existed insyd dis country den, if so, to provide information for insurance policies top wey slaveholders held am on slaves to de state's insurance department.<ref name=":15" /> * '''Maryland''' – Adopted legislation wey dey require insurance companies to determine whether dem have records going back to when slavery existed insyd dis country den, if so, to provide information for insurance policies top wey slaveholders held am on slaves to de state's insurance department.<ref name=":15" /> * '''New York''' – Insyd December of 2023, Gov. Kathy Hochul signed a bill wey dey set up a commission give de study of slavery's legacy. De commission will possibly make recommendations give monetary compensation anaa oda reparations give New York's Black residents under de effort. De Democrat-controlled state Legislature approved de measure insyd June.<ref>Robinson, David (December 19, 2023). [https://www.uticaod.com/story/news/local/new-york/2023/12/19/ny-black-reparations-new-law-launches-study-of-slavery-compensation-payments/71971068007/ "NY to study reparations for slavery, possible direct payments to Black residents"]. ''Utica Observer-Dispatch''.</ref> ====Apologies==== * '''Alabama''' – Apologized give ein involvement insyd de enslavement of Africans on April 25, 2007.<ref name="Blerd" /><ref>[https://www.apr.org/2007-05-31/riley-signs-slavery-apology "Riley Signs Slavery Apology"]. ''Alabama Public Radio''. May 31, 2007. Retrieved January 30, 2022.</ref><ref>White, David (May 31, 2007). [https://www.al.com/spotnews/2007/05/riley_signs_slaveryapology_res.html "Riley signs slavery-apology resolution"]. ''AL.com''. Retrieved January 30, 2022.</ref> * '''Connecticut''' – Insyd 2009 apologized give ein involvement insyd de enslavement of Africans.<ref>[https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-2009-05-22-apology-house-0522-art-story.html "House Passes Resolution to Apologize for Slavery"]. ''Hartford Courant''. May 22, 2009.</ref> * '''Delaware''' – Apologized give ein involvement insyd de enslavement of Africans on February 11, 2016.<ref name="Moyer" /> * '''Florida''' – Insyd 2008, apologized give ein involvement insyd de enslavement of Africans insyd America.<ref name="Blerd" /> * '''Maryland''' – Insyd 2007, apologized give ein involvement insyd de enslavement of Africans insyd America.<ref name="Blerd" /> * '''New Jersey''' – Insyd 2007, apologized give ein involvement insyd de enslavement of Africans insyd America.<ref name="Blerd" /> * '''North Carolina''' – Insyd 2007, apologized give ein involvement insyd de enslavement of Africans insyd America.<ref name="NSNBC" /> * '''Tennessee''' – Insyd 2007, de Tennessee House of Representatives voted insyd unanimous support on a resolution wey dey state dat it "regrets" ein involvement insyd de enslavement of Africans. De House had specifically removed any "apology" language from de resolution.<ref>[https://www.tracingcenter.org/blog/2014/04/tennessee-weighs-an-apology-for-slavery/ "Tennessee weighs an apology for slavery"]. April 16, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref><ref>[https://www.timesfreepress.com/news/local/story/2014/apr/16/tn-votes-express-regret-slavery-not-apologize/137478/ "TN votes to express regret for slavery, but not apologize"]. ''Chattanooga Times Free Press''. Associated Press. April 16, 2020.</ref> * '''Virginia''' – Apologized give ein involvement insyd de enslavement of Africans on February 26, 2007.<ref name="Blerd" /> ===Counties=== * '''Buncombe County, North Carolina''': On June 16, 2020, insyd 7–0 vote, Buncombe County Commissioners decided to remove several Confederate monuments wey dey include de Vance Monument<ref>Penter, Caitlyn (June 16, 2020). [https://wlos.com/news/local/confederate-monuments-to-be-moved-from-downtown-asheville "Confederate monuments to be moved from downtown Asheville"]. Retrieved July 15, 2020.</ref> wey be named after North Carolina governor Zeb Vance, a slave owner wey used convict labor to build de railroad to Western North Carolina.<ref>Ready, Milton (June 25, 2015). [https://mountainx.com/opinion/when-past-is-present-zeb-vance-and-his-monument/ "When past is present: Zeb Vance and his monument"]. Retrieved July 15, 2020.</ref> Significant community involvement led to de decision. Leading up to de vote, de board received 549 supporting messages den 19 opposing.<ref>Walter, Rebecca (June 17, 2020). [https://eu.citizen-times.com/story/news/2020/06/17/buncombe-county-board-commissioners-votes-remove-confederate-monuments/3201563001/ "Monumental decision: Buncombe County approves removal of Confederate statues"].</ref> ===Cities=== * '''Chicago, Illinois:''' "Insyd 2015, Chicago enacted a reparations ordinance wey dey cover hundreds of African Americans tortured by police from de 1970s to de 1990s. De law calls give $5.5 million insyd financial compensation, as well as hundreds of thousands more give a public memorial, den a range of assistance related to health, education den emotional well-being".<ref>Hassan, Adeel; Healy, Jack (June 19, 2019). [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/19/us/reparations-slavery.html "America Has Tried Reparations Before. Here Is How It Went"]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref> * '''Evanston, Illinois:''' "De City Council of Evanston, Illinois, voted to allocate de first $10 million insyd tax revenue from de sale of recreational marijuana (wey became legal insyd de state for January 1, 2020 top) to fund reparations initiatives dat address de gaps insyd wealth den opportunity of black residents".<ref name=":0" /> * '''Asheville, North Carolina:''' De city council approved reparations on a 7–0 vote on July 14, 2020. "[B]udgetary den programmatic priorities may include sana not be limited to increasing minority home ownership den access to oda affordable housing, increasing minority business ownership den career opportunities, strategies to grow equity den generational wealth, closing de gaps insyd health care, education, employment den pay, neighborhood safety den fairness within criminal justice," de resolution reads. De resolution establishes de Community Reparations Commission wey will make concrete recommendations give programs den resources allocations to ultimately carry out de reparations.<ref name=":16">Burgess, Joel (July 14, 2020). [https://www.citizen-times.com/story/news/local/2020/07/14/asheville-passes-reparations-black-residents-historic/5438597002/ "In historic move, Asheville approves reparations for Black residents"]. ''Citizen Times''. Retrieved October 30, 2020.</ref> De Asheville City Council sanso voted unanimously on June 9, 2020, to remove two confederate monuments as a result of demands wey a group called "Black Asheville Demands" made am<ref>[http://ashevilledailyplanet.com/news/4747-city-oks-monuments-removal-pending-county-approval- "City OKs monuments' removal, pending county approval"]. June 15, 2020. Retrieved July 15, 2020.</ref> den de work of de Racial Justice Coalition plus led de push give de effort.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200718163750/https://www.registerguard.com/zz/news/20200715/in-historic-move-north-carolina-city-approves-reparations-for-black-residents "In historic move, North Carolina city approves reparations for Black residents"]. July 15, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2020.</ref> De city council meeting had so much community engagement public comment was extended give an extra hour beyond de normal meeting time.<ref name=":16" /> * '''San Francisco, California:''' Insyd March 2023, "reparation payments of $5 million to eligible Black residents wey San Francisco’s Board of Supervisors unanimously accepted am".<ref>Grove, Rashad (March 16, 2023). [https://www.ebony.com/san-francisco-board-approves-5-million-reparation-payments/ "NEWS & POLITICS: SAN FRANCISCO BOARD APPROVES $5 MILLION REPARATION PAYMENTS FOR BLACK RESIDENTS"]. ''Ebony''.</ref> ===Organizations den institutions=== * '''Aetna:''' Apologized insyd 2000 give issuing life insurance policies to enslavers covering de lives of enslaved people from <abbr>c.</abbr> 1853 to 1860.<ref>Groark, Virginia (May 5, 2002). [https://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/05/nyregion/slave-policies.html "Slave Policies"]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved May 2, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131017235053/http://www.globalethics.org/newsline/2000/03/13/aetna-apologizes-for-pre-civil-war-policies-issued-on-lives-of-slaves/ "Ethics Newsline® » News » Aetna Apologizes For Pre-Civil-War Policies Issued On Lives Of Slaves"]. Globalethics.org. March 13, 2000. Archived from [http://www.globalethics.org/newsline/2000/03/13/aetna-apologizes-for-pre-civil-war-policies-issued-on-lives-of-slaves/ the original] on October 17, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2011.</ref> Insyd 2002, when Farmer-Paellman brought suit against Aetna, CSX den Fleet give unjust enrichment by "a system dat enslaved, tortured, starved den exploited human beings,"<ref>[https://www.usatoday.com/money/general/2002/03/25/slave-reparations.htm "Aetna, CSX, FleetBoston face slave reparations suit"]. ''USA Today''. March 24, 2002. Retrieved May 2, 2010.</ref> dis suit was dismissed.<ref>Cox, James (January 26, 2004). [https://www.usatoday.com/money/companies/regulation/2004-01-26-reparations_x.htm?csp=34 "Judge rejects lawsuit seeking reparations"]. ''USA Today''. Retrieved May 2, 2010.</ref><ref>Olson, Walter (October 31, 2008). [https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-oct-31-oe-olson31-story.html "So long, slavery reparations"]. ''Los Angeles Times''. Retrieved May 2, 2010.</ref> * '''University of Alabama:''' Apologized give de history of slavery at de university insyd 2004.<ref>Cruz, Gilbert (April 20, 2004). [https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/story/news/2004/04/21/ua-apologizes-for-history-of-slavery/27863767007/ "UA apologizes for history of slavery"]. ''Tuscaloosa News''. Retrieved January 30, 2022.</ref> * '''Georgetown University:''' "Insyd 2016 [de university agreed] to give admissions preference to descendants of de 272 slaves[,] formally apologized give ein role insyd slavery [den] [renamed] two buildings on ein campus to acknowledge de lives of enslaved people". Insyd April, 2019 students at Georgetown University voted to increase dema tuition by $27.20 to benefit de descendants of de 272 slaves wey de Jesuits wey ran de school insyd 1838 sold am. De student-led referendum was non-binding.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/19/us/reparations-slavery.html "America Has Tried Reparations Before. Here Is How It Went"]. ''The New York Times''. June 19, 2019. Retrieved July 12, 2020. <q>In 2015, Chicago enacted a reparations ordinance covering hundreds of African Americans tortured by police from the 1970s to the 1990s. The law calls for $5.5 million in financial compensation, as well as hundreds of thousands more for a public memorial, and a range of assistance related to health, education and emotional well-being.</q></ref> Later dat year, after further pressure den follow up from de Georgetown University Student Association,<ref>Li, Amy (June 25, 2019). [https://web.archive.org/web/20220602130008/https://thehoya.com/board-directors-meets-not-vote-gu272-referendum/ "Board of Directors Meets, Does Not Vote on GU272 Referendum"]. ''The Hoya''. Georgetown University. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref> de university eventually moved forward plus a similar proposal without de students' covering de cost plus a tuition increase.<ref>Ebbs, Stephanie (October 30, 2019). [https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/georgetown-university-announces-reparations-fund-benefit-descendants-slaves/story?id=66642286 "Georgetown University announces reparations fund to benefit descendants of slaves once sold by the school"]. ''ABC News''. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref> * '''Harvard University''' started to research ein relationship to slavery insyd 2007. Insyd 2016, Harvard president Drew Faust acknowledged dat de university had been "directly complicit" insyd slavery. Insyd 2022 de university published ''Harvard &'' ''de Legacy of Slavery'', more dan a hundred pages long. De report included recommendations to develop educational partnerships plus historically Black colleges den universities, create a public memorial, den identify living descendants of people enslaved by university staff, leaders den faculty. There was a US$100m endowment give implementation. De university has given descendants of slaves preferential consideration give admissions den set up a reconciliation fund give dem.<ref>Moscufo, Michela (June 21, 2025). [https://www.theguardian.com/news/2025/jun/21/harvard-slavery-decendants-of-the-enslaved "Harvard hired a researcher to uncover its ties to slavery. He says the results cost him his job: 'We found too many slaves'"]. ''The Guardian''.</ref> * '''JP Morgan Chase''': Apologized give ein connection to slavery insyd 2005.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4193797.stm "JP Morgan admits US slavery links"]. ''BBC News''. November 15, 2017. Retrieved November 15, 2017.</ref> * '''Princeton Theological Seminary''': Insyd 2019, de Seminary announced a $27 million commitment give various initiatives to recognize how it benefited from black slavery. Dis be de largest monetary commitment by an educational institution.<ref name=":0" /> * '''Virginia Theological Seminary:''' Set aside $1.7 million to pay reparations to descendants of African Americans wey be enslaved to work on dema campus, first distributed insyd 2021.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Wright, Will (May 31, 2021). [https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/31/us/reparations-virginia-theological-seminary.html "Seminary Built on Slavery and Jim Crow Labor Has Begun Paying Reparations"]. ''The New York Times''. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331 0362-4331].</ref> * '''Wachovia''': Apologized give ein connection to slavery insyd 2005.<ref>Katie Benner (June 2, 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20201112025745/https://money.cnn.com/2005/06/02/news/fortune500/wachovia_slavery/ "Wachovia apologizes for ties to slavery"]. CNN/Money. Retrieved November 15, 2017.</ref> == Sanso see == * [[:en:American_Descendants_of_Slavery_(ADOS)|American Descendants of Slavery (ADOS)]] * [[:en:American_slave_court_cases|American slave court cases]] * [[:en:Freedom_suit|Freedom suit]] – lawsuits brought by slaves to obtain freedom den reparations * [[:en:History_of_slavery_in_the_United_States|History of slavery insyd de United States]] * [[:en:History_of_slavery|History of slavery]] * [[:en:History_of_slavery_in_Asia|History of slavery insyd Asia]] * [[:en:History_of_slavery_in_the_Muslim_world|History of slavery insyd de Muslim world]] * [[:en:Legal_remedy|Legal remedy]] * [[Liberia]] * [[:en:Public_apologies_for_slavery_in_the_United_States|Public apologies give slavery insyd de United States]] * [[:en:Reparations_(website)|Reparations (website)]] * [[:en:Republic_of_New_Afrika|Republic of New Afrika]] * [[:en:Slavery_in_contemporary_Africa|Slavery insyd contemporary Africa]] * [[:en:Slavery_reparation_scam|Slavery reparation scam]] ==References == <references /> == Read further == === 21st century === * {{cite book|last=Araujo|first=Ana Lucia|title=Reparations for Slavery and the Slave Trade: A Transnational and Comparative History|publisher=Bloomsbury|year=2017|isbn=978-1350010604|ref=none}} * Brophy, Alfred L. ''Reparations: Pro & Con''. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006. * Brooks, Roy L. ''Atonement and Forgiveness: A New Model for Black Reparations''. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004. * {{cite book|url=https://www.press.uillinois.edu/books/?id=p087875|title=Reparations and reparatory justice|date=2024|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=9780252087875|editor-last1=Cha-Jua|editor-first1=Sundiata Keita|editor-last2=Berry|editor-first2=Mary Frances|editor-link2=|editor-last3=Franklin|editor-first3=V. P.}} * Darity, William Jr., A. Kirsten Mullen, and Marvin Slaughter. 2022. "[https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.36.2.99 The Cumulative Costs of Racism and the Bill for Black Reparations.]" ''Journal of Economic Perspectives'', 36 (2): 99–122. * {{cite book|last=DeGruy|first=Joy|title=Post Traumatic Slave Syndrome: America's Legacy of Enduring Injury and Healing|date=2017|publisher=Joy Degruy Publications|isbn=978-0985217273|edition=Newly Revised and Updated|orig-date=2005}} * Dottin, Paul Anthony. "The end of race as we know it: Slavery, segregation, and the African American quest for redress." Ph.D. Thesis, Florida Atlantic University, 2002. * Flaherty, Peter, and John Carlisle. ''The Case against Slave Reparations''. Falls Church, Va: National Legal and Policy Center, 2004. * Hakim, Ida. ''The Debtors: Whites Respond to the Call for Black Reparations''. Red Oak, GA: Cure, 2005. * Henry, Charles P. ''Long Overdue: The Politics of Racial Reparations''. New York: New York University Press, 2007. * {{cite news|title=The Debt|first=Matthew|last=Kauffman|newspaper=Hartford Courant|date=September 29, 2002|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/257202079|via=newspapers.com|pages=192–197|ref=none}} * Martin, Michael T., and Marilyn Yaquinto. ''Redress for Historical Injustices in the United States: On Reparations for Slavery, Jim Crow, and Their Legacies''. Durham: Duke University Press, 2007. * Miller, Jon, and Rahul Kumar. ''Reparations: Interdisciplinary Inquiries''. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, 2007. P * {{cite news|title=Taking Reparations Seriously|first=Noah|last=Millman|date=May 29, 2014|magazine=American Conservative|url=https://www.theamericanconservative.com/millman/taking-reparations-seriously/|ref=none}} * {{cite news|title=Her Family Owned Slaves. How Can She Make Amends?|first=Kim|last=Severson|newspaper=The New York Times|date=July 4, 2021|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/04/dining/georgia-farm-slaves.html?action=click&module=card&pageType=theWeekenderLink}} * Torpey, John. ''Making Whole What Has Been Smashed: On Reparations Politics''. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2006. * University of Kansas. ''Symposium: Law, Reparations & Racial Disparities''. Lawrence: University of Kansas, Kansas Law Review, 2009. * Walters, Ronald W. ''African Americans and Movements for Reparations: Past, Present, and Future''. Dedicated to the Memory and Scholarly Legacy of Dr. Ronald W. Walters. Washington, DC: Association for the Study of African American Life and History, 2012. * Winbush, Raymond A. ''Should America Pay? Slavery and the Raging Debate on Reparations''. New York: Amistad/HarperCollins, 2003. === 19th century === * {{cite journal |last=Finkenbine |first=Roy E. |year=2005 |title=Wendell Phillips and 'The Negro's Claim': A Neglected Reparations Document |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/25081197 |journal=Massachusetts Historical Review |volume=7 |pages=105–119 |jstor=25081197 |accessdate=18 April 2022}} == Video == * Gannon, James (October 25, 2018). ''[https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/aljazeeracorrespondent/2018/10/moral-debt-legacy-slavery-usa-181017093941707.html A Moral Debt: The Legacy of Slavery in the USA]''. ''Al-Jazeera''. <q>Gannon is a descendant of Robert E. Lee</q> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q105993844|c=Category:Reparations for slavery|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=In re African-American Slave Descendants Litigation|2005 United States court decision dismissing reparations lawsuits|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://books.google.com/books?id=rKkYifcUSVYC Reparations for Slavery: a Reader] – a collection of essays on the topic of reparations for slavery. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081208141547/http://www.city-journal.org/2008/18_4_reparations.html Reparations, R.I.P., ''City Journal,'' Autumn 2008] * [http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c101:hr3745: Commission to Study Reparation Proposals for African Americans Act] [https://web.archive.org/web/20081022124828/http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c101:hr3745: Archived] October 22, 2008, at the Wayback Machine– A bill introduced by Congressman John Conyers, Jr. every year since 1989, which has not yet passed. * [https://www.npr.org/programs/specials/racism/010827.reparations.html Making Amends Debate Continues Over Reparations for U.S. Slavery] – NPR, August 27, 2001. * [https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/banished/ Banished] site for Independent Lens on Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) * {{cite web |title=Reparations Conference at TJSL |first=Kaimipono |last=Wenger |date=March 2, 2006 |access-date=December 3, 2018 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204011315/https://concurringopinions.com/archives/2006/03/reparations_con.html |publisher=Concurring Opinions |ref=none}} {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" ! colspan="2" |African Americans |- !History | * Timeline * Abolitionism * African American founding fathers * Afrocentrism * American Civil War * Atlantic slave trade * Black Codes * Black cowboys * Black genocide * Black Lives Matter * ''Brown v. 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Na de field orders follow a series of conversations between Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton den Radical Republican abolitionists Charles Sumner den Thaddeus Stevens<ref name="Gates2">{{cite web|last=Gates|first=Henry Louis Jr.|date=7 January 2013|title=The Truth Behind '40 Acres and a Mule'|url=http://www.theroot.com/the-truth-behind-40-acres-and-a-mule-1790894780|url-status=live|website=The Root}}</ref> dey follow disruptions to de institution of slavery wey be provoked by de American Civil War. Na dem provide for de confiscation of {{convert|400000|acre|ha}} of land along de Atlantic coast of South Carolina, Georgia, den Florida den de dividing of am into parcels of no be more dan {{convert|40|acre|ha}},<ref name=Order>[http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=moawar&cc=moawar&idno=waro0099&node=waro0099%3A2&view=image&seq=62&size=100 O.R. Series 1, Volume 47, Part 2, 60–62]</ref> on wich na be to be settled approximately 18,000 formerly enslaved families den oda black people then wey dey live insyd de area. Na chaw freed people believe, after na various political figures tell dem dat na dem get a right to own de land wey na dem force dem to work as slaves wey na dem be eager make dem control dema own property. Na freed people widely expect make dem legally claim 40 acres of land.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Foner|first=Eric|title=Reconstruction: America's unfinished revolution, 1863–1877|url=https://archive.org/details/reconstructionam0000fone_q8w6|date=2014|publisher=Harper|isbn=978-0062035868|page=|oclc=877900566}}</ref> However, na [[Abraham Lincoln]] ein successor as presido, Andrew Johnson, try make he reverse de intent of Sherman ein wartime Order No. 15 den similar provisions wey na dem include insyd de second Freedmen's Bureau bills. Na sam land redistribution occur under military jurisdiction during de war den for a brief period thereafter. However, na federal den state policy during de Reconstruction era emphasize wage labor, no be land ownership, give black people. Almost all land wey na dem allocate during de war dem restore to ein pre-war white owners.<ref>{{Cite web|last=fultonk|date=2013-01-06|title=The Truth Behind '40 Acres and a Mule' {{!}} African American History Blog|url=https://www.pbs.org/wnet/african-americans-many-rivers-to-cross/history/the-truth-behind-40-acres-and-a-mule/|access-date=2024-10-20|website=The African Americans: Many Rivers to Cross|language=en-US}}</ref> Na several black communities maintain control of dema land, wey na sam families obtain new land by homesteading. Na black land ownership increase markedly insyd Mississippi during de 19th century, particularly. Na de state get much undeveloped bottomland (low-lying alluvial land near a river) behind riverfront areas wey na dem be cultivated before de war. Na chaw black people acquire land thru private transactions, plus ownership dey peak at {{convert|15|e6acre|e6ha|abbr=off}} anaa ~23,000 square miles insyd 1910, before na an extended financial recession cause problems wey result insyd de loss of property give chaw. == Background == [[:en:African_Americans|African Americans]] faced severe discrimination den be maintained as a distinct "racial" group by laws wey require racial segregation den prohibiting [http://www.americanancestors.org/uploadedFiles/American_Ancestors/Content/Marketing/PDF_Archive/Brief_Treatment_of_the_Free_Negro.pdf miscegenation].<ref>[[:en:Carter_G._Woodson|Woodson, Carter G. (1925)]], p xv. </ref>Prior to de Civil War, most free African Americans lived in de North, where dem abolish slavery. More times, na dem dey see free African Americans as a job-stealing threat to society because they were usually willing to work for lower wages than white people. Moreover, they were seen as a dangerous influence on those who remained enslaved. Because of dis, freed slaves were unwelcome insyd most areas of de United States.<ref>[[:en:Carter_G._Woodson|Woodson 1925]], pp. xvi–xviii</ref> Insyd de South, vagrancy laws allow de states to force free African Americans into labor den sometimes to sell dem into slavery.<ref>[http://www.americanancestors.org/uploadedFiles/American_Ancestors/Content/Marketing/PDF_Archive/Brief_Treatment_of_the_Free_Negro.pdf Woodson 1925], pp. xxiiv–xxiv</ref><ref name="WoodsonXli">[[:en:Forty_acres_and_a_mule#CITEREFWoodson1925|Woodson 1925]]<nowiki/>pp. xli–xlii</ref> Nevertheless, free African Americans across the country performed a variety of occupations, including a small number who owned den operate successful farms.<ref>[http://www.americanancestors.org/uploadedFiles/American_Ancestors/Content/Marketing/PDF_Archive/Brief_Treatment_of_the_Free_Negro.pdf Woodson 1925], pp. xxxvi, xlii–xlii</ref> Others [[:en:Black_Canadians#Underground_Railroad|settled insyd Upper Canada]] (now [[:en:Southern_Ontario|Southern Ontario]]), an endpoint of de [[:en:Underground_Railroad|Underground Railroad]], and in [[:en:Black_Nova_Scotians|Nova Scotia]].<ref name="WoodsonXli2">[[:en:Forty_acres_and_a_mule#CITEREFWoodson1925|Woodson 1925]]<nowiki/>pp. xli–xlii</ref> ==War== To empower de Union Army to legally seize property for ein war plus de South, Congress pass de Confiscation Act of 1861. Dis law allow de military to seize rebel property, including land den slaves. For fact, e reflect de rapidly growing reality of black refugee camps wey spring up around de Union Army. Dese glaring manifestations of de "Negro Problem" provoke hostility from much of de Union rank-and-file—den necessitate administration by officers.<ref>{{harvnb|Engs|1979|p=26}}. "The North, unprepared for war, was even more unprepared for the burden of caring for thousands of fleeing bondsmen. The only organization which could perform this monumental task was the Union army. But to most army men, freedmen were at best a nuisance. At worst, they were representatives of the despised race for whom Northern white men were being asked to kill or be killed."</ref> ===Grand Contraband Camp=== After secession, de Union maintain ein control over [[Fort Monroe]] for [[Hampton, Virginia|Hampton]] for de coast of Southern Virginia. Escaped slaves rush to de area, hoping for protection from de Confederate Army. (Even more quickly, de town ein white residents [[white flight|flee]] to Richmond.)<ref>{{harvnb|Bonekemper|1970|p=169}}</ref> General [[Benjamin Butler (politician)|Benjamin Butler]] set precedent for Union forces for May 24, 1861, when e refuse to surrender escaped slaves to Confederates wey claim ownership. Butler declare de slaves [[Contraband (American Civil War)|contraband]] of war den allow dem to remain plus de Union Army.<ref>{{harvnb|Jackson|1925|p=133}}. "Nevertheless, shady though some of his tactics may have been in the opinion of some, Butler is to be rated as famous for the stand he took on that morning of the twenty-fourth of May when he declared that the escaped slave who stood before him should not be returned to his master but that he and all others who so came were to be regarded as contraband of war. From this time forward all escaped and abandoned slaves in the South were frequently known as 'contrabands.'"</ref> By July 1861, there be 300 "contraband" slaves working for rations for Fort Monroe. By de end of July there be 900, den General Butler appoint [[Edward L. Pierce]] as Commissioner of Negro Affairs.<ref name=Bonekemper170>{{harvnb|Bonekemper|1970|p=170}}</ref> == References == <references /> ===Sources=== * {{cite book|last=Belz|first=Herman|title=A New Birth of Freedom: The Republican Party and Freedmen's Rights, 1861–1866|year=2000|publisher=Westport: Greenwood Press, 1976; New York: Fordham University Press, 2000|isbn=9780823220113}} * {{cite journal|last=Bonekemper|first=Edward H.|title=Negro Ownership of Real Property in Hampton and Elizabeth City County, 1860–1870|journal=Journal of Negro History|volume=55|issue=3|date=July 1970|jstor=2716419|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2716419|access-date=27 June 2013}} * {{cite journal|last=Boyd|first=Willis D.|title=The Île a Vache Colonization Venture, 1862–1864|journal=The Americas|volume=16|issue=1|date=July 1959|jstor=979258|pages=45–62|doi=10.2307/979258|s2cid=146849257 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/979258|access-date=28 June 2013|url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal|last=Byrne|first=William A.|title='Uncle Billy' Sherman Comes to Town: The Free Winter of Black Savannah|journal=Georgia Historical Quarterly|volume=79|issue=1|date=Spring 1995|jstor=40583184|pages=91–116|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40583184|access-date=27 June 2013}} * {{cite book|last=Cohen|first=William|title=At Freedom's Edge: Black Mobility and the Southern White Quest for Racial Control, 1861–1915|url=https://archive.org/details/atfreedomsedge0000unse|publisher=Louisiana State University Press|year=1991|isbn=0-8071-1621-1}} * {{cite journal |last=Cox |first=LaWanda |author-link= |date=December 1958 |title=The Promise of Land for the Freedmen |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1889319 |journal=The Mississippi Valley Historical Review |volume=45 |issue=3 |pages=413–440 |doi=10.2307/1889319 |jstor=1889319 |url-access=subscription |access-date=21 June 2013}} * {{cite journal |last=Drago |first=Edmund L. |date=Fall 1973 |title=How Sherman's March Through Georgia Affected the Slaves |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40579903 |journal=Georgia Historical Quarterly |volume=57 |issue=3 |pages=361–375 |jstor=40579903 |access-date=28 June 2013}} * {{cite book|last=Du Bois|first=W. E. B.|url=https://archive.org/details/blackreconstruc00dubo|title=Black Reconstruction: An Essay Toward a History of the Part Which Black Folk Played in the Attempt to Reconstruct Democracy in America, 1860–1880|publisher=Russell & Russell|year=1935|location=New York|author-link=W. E. B. Du Bois}} * {{cite journal |last=Dyer |first=Brainerd |date=March 1943 |title=The Persistence of the Idea of Negro Colonization |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3633335 |journal=Pacific Historical Review |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=53–65 |doi=10.2307/3633335 |jstor=3633335 |url-access=subscription |access-date=28 June 2013}} * {{cite book|last=Engs|first=Robert Francis|title=Freedom's First Generation: Black Hampton, Virginia, 1861–1890|url=https://archive.org/details/ncis00robe|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|year=1979|isbn=0-8122-7768-6}} * {{cite book|last=Foner|first=Eric|title=Reconstruction: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863–1877|publisher=HarperCollins|year=2011|isbn=9780062035868|location=New York|author-link=|orig-year=1989}} * {{cite book|last=Foner|first=Eric|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610012102/http://www.library.vanderbilt.edu/Quaderno/Quaderno2/quaderno2.html|title=Quaderno II: The Languages of Revolution]|publisher=Milan Group in Early United States History|year=1988|chapter=The Languages of Change: Sources of Black Ideology During the Civil War and Reconstruction|chapter-url=http://www.library.vanderbilt.edu/Quaderno/Quaderno2/Q2.C16.foner.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610012102/https://web.archive.org/web/20100610012102/http://www.library.vanderbilt.edu/Quaderno/Quaderno2/quaderno2.html|archive-date=10 June 2010|url-status=dead}} * {{cite book|last1=Hahn|first1=Steven|title=Freedom: A Documentary History of Emancipation, 1861–1867; Series 3: Volume 1: Land and Labor, 1865|last2=Miller|first2=Stephen F.|last3=O'Donovan|first3=Susan E.|last4=Rodrigue|first4=John C.|last5=Rowland|first5=Leslie S.|publisher=University of North Carolina Press|others=[Text includes unattributed essays from the editors.]|year=2008}} * {{cite book|last=Hermann|first=Janet Sharp|title=The Pursuit of a Dream|url=https://archive.org/details/pursuitofdream0000herm|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1981|isbn=0195028872}} * {{cite journal |last=Jackson |first=L.P. |date=April 1925 |title=The Origin of Hampton Institute |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2713934 |journal=Journal of Negro History |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=131–149 |doi=10.2307/2713934 |jstor=2713934 |s2cid=150288378 |url-access=subscription |access-date=28 June 2013}} * {{cite journal |last=James, Josef C. |date=April 1954 |title=Sherman at Savannah |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2715755 |journal=Journal of Negro History |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=127–137 |doi=10.2307/2715755 |jstor=2715755 |s2cid=149703494 |url-access=subscription |access-date=27 June 2013}} * {{cite journal |last=Lockett |first=James D. |date=June 1991 |title=Abraham Lincoln and Colonization: An Episode That Ends in Tragedy at L'Ile a Vache, Haiti, 1863–1864 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2784687 |journal=Journal of Black Studies |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=428–444 |doi=10.1177/002193479102100404 |jstor=2784687 |s2cid=144846693 |url-access=subscription |access-date=28 June 2013}} * {{cite book|last1=Magness|first1=Phillip W.|title=Colonization after Emancipation: Lincoln and the Movement for Black Resettlement|url=https://archive.org/details/colonizationafte0000magn|last2=Page|first2=Sebastian N.|publisher=University of Missouri Press|year=2011|isbn=978-0-82621909-1}} * {{cite journal |last=McDougall |first=Harold A. |date=1979–1980 |title=Black Landowners Beware: A Proposal for Statutory Reform |url=https://socialchangenyu.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/HAROLD-A.-McDOUGALL_RLSC_9.2.pdf |journal=Review of Law and Social Change |issue=IX |pages=127–161}} * {{cite book|last=McFeely|first=William S.|title=Yankee Stepfather: General O. O. Howard and the Freedmen|url=https://archive.org/details/yankeestepfather0000will|publisher=Yale University Press, 1968; Norton, 1994|year=1994|isbn=9780393311785}} * {{cite journal |last=McKenzie |first=Robert Tracy |date=February 1993 |title=Freedmen and the Soil in the Upper South: The Reorganization of Tennessee Agriculture, 1865–1880 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2210348 |journal=Journal of Southern History |volume=59 |issue=1 |pages=63–84 |doi=10.2307/2210348 |jstor=2210348 |url-access=subscription |access-date=28 June 2013}} * {{cite journal |last=Medford |first=Edna Greene |date=October 1992 |title=Land and Labor: The Quest for Black Economic Independence on Virginia's Lower Peninsula, 1865–1880 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4249314 |journal=Virginia Magazine of History and Biography |volume=100 |issue=4 |pages=567–582 |jstor=4249314 |access-date=28 June 2013}} * {{cite journal |last=Mitchell |first=Thomas W. |year=2001 |title=From Reconstruction to Deconstruction: Undermining Black Landownership, Political Independence, and Community Through Partition Sales of Tenancies in Common |url=https://ssrn.com/abstract=1544380 |journal=Northwestern University Law Review |volume=95 |issue=2}}. Originally printed as {{cite book|author=University of Wisconsin–Madison Land Tenure Center|url=http://minds.wisconsin.edu/handle/1793/21887|title=Research Paper #132|date=March 2000|publisher=Land Tenure Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison|isbn=0-934519-81-1}} * {{cite journal |last1=Otabor |first1=Charlotte |last2=Nembhard |first2=Jessica Gordon |date=January 2012 |title=The Great Recession and Land and Housing Loss in African American Communities: Case Studies from Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531054643/http://www.coas.howard.edu/centeronraceandwealth/reports%26publications/0512-great-recession-and-land-housing-loss-in-african-american-communities-part1.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Howard University Center on Race and Wealth, Working Paper |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531054643/https://web.archive.org/web/20130531054643/http://www.coas.howard.edu/centeronraceandwealth/reports%26publications/0512-great-recession-and-land-housing-loss-in-african-american-communities-part1.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2013 |access-date=28 June 2013}} * {{cite book|last=Oubre|first=Claude F.|title=Forty Acres and a Mule: The Freedmen's Bureau and Black Land Ownership|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_0807102989|publisher=Louisiana State University Press|year=1978}} * {{cite journal |last=Page |first=Sebastian N. |year=2011 |title=Lincoln and Chiriquí Colonization Revisited |url=https://www.academia.edu/1157879 |journal=American Nineteenth Century History |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=289–325 |doi=10.1080/14664658.2011.626160 |s2cid=143566173}} * {{cite book|author=Reid, Dbra A. and Evan P. Bennett|title=Beyond Forty Acres and a Mule: African American Landowning Families since Reconstruction|publisher=University Press of Florida|year=2012|location=Gainesville, FL}} * {{cite book|last=Rose|first=Willie Lee|title=Rehearsal for Reconstruction: The Port Royal Experiment|url=https://archive.org/details/rehearsalforreco0000will|publisher=Bobbs-Merrill|year=1964|location=Indianapolis}} * {{cite book|last=Saville|first=Julie|title=The Work of Reconstruction: From Slave to Wage Laborer in South Carolina, 1860–1870|url=https://archive.org/details/workofreconstruc0000savi|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1994|isbn=0-521-36221-0}} * {{cite journal |last=Voegeli |first=V. Jacque |date=November 2003 |title=A Rejected Alternative: Union Policy and the Relocation of Southern 'Contrabands' at the Dawn of Emancipation |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/30040096 |journal=Journal of Southern History |volume=69 |issue=4 |pages=765–790 |doi=10.2307/30040096 |jstor=30040096 |url-access=subscription |access-date=28 June 2013}} * {{cite book|last=Webster|first=Laura Josephine|url=https://archive.org/stream/operationfreed01websrich#page/66/mode/2up|title=The Operation of the Freedmen's Bureau in South Carolina|date=January 1916|publisher=Smith College Studies in History|volume=1|issue=2}} * {{cite book|last=Williamson|first=Joel|title=After Slavery: The Negro in South Carolina During Reconstruction, 1861–1877|publisher=University of North Carolina Press|year=1965}} * {{cite book|last=Wilson|first=Theodore Brantner|title=The Black Codes of the South|url=https://archive.org/details/blackcodesofsout0000wils|publisher=University of Alabama Press|year=1965}} * {{cite book|last=Woodson|first=Carter G.|url=http://www.americanancestors.org/uploadedFiles/American_Ancestors/Content/Marketing/PDF_Archive/Brief_Treatment_of_the_Free_Negro.pdf|title=Free Negro Heads of Families in the United States together with a Brief Treatment of the Free Negro|publisher=Association for the Study of Negro Life and History|year=1925|location=Washington, D.C.}} == External links == {{wikiquote}} * [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsb&fileName=039/llsb039.db&recNum=324 Bills and Resolutions, Senate, 39th Congress, 1st Session Bill 60], Library of Congress. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080218181936/http://www.federationsoutherncoop.com/landloss.htm Significant Dates on Black Land Loss] – from Federation of Southern Cooperatives Land Assistance Fund * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130109045651/http://www.theroot.com/views/truth-behind-40-acres-and-mule The Truth Behind '40 Acres and a Mule'] by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. * "[http://philmagness.com/?page_id=309 Colonization by the Numbers]", Phillip W. Magness * [http://siris-archives.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?uri=full=3100001~!292636!0 Lizzie Grant], Gullah Resident of Harris Neck, photographed by Lorenzo Dow Turner around 1933. {{DEFAULTSORT:Forty Acres And A Mule}} [[Category:1865 insyd de American Civil War]] [[Category:January 1865]] [[Category:William Tecumseh Sherman]] [[Category:Slavery insyd de United States]] [[Category:Reconstruction Era]] [[Category:African-American history between emancipation den de civil rights movement]] [[Category:English phrases]] [[Category:Land reform]] [[Category:Agrarian politics]] [[Category:Reparations for slavery insyd de United States]] [[Category:Mules]] f6g22juntjc9cgoxvpwjm3fdx7sy9x4 0 16652 112478 110851 2026-09-25T00:47:40Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112478 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Elgin Marbles''' (/ˈɛlɡɪn/ ''ELG-in'')<ref>Wells, John C. (2008). ''Longman Pronunciation Dictionary'' (3rd ed.). Longman. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-1-4058-8118-0|978-1-4058-8118-0]]</bdi>.</ref><ref>Jones, Daniel (2011). Roach, Peter; Setter, Jane; Esling, John (eds.). ''Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary'' (18th ed.). Cambridge University Press. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-521-15255-6|978-0-521-15255-6]]</bdi>.</ref> be a collection of Ancient Greek sculptures wey komot de Parthenon den oda structures from de Acropolis of Athens, dem remove from Ottoman Greece wey be shipped to Britain by agents of Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, wey now dem hold insyd de [[British Museum]] insyd London. Na de majority of de sculptures be created insyd de 5th century BC under de direction of sculptor den architect Phidias. De term ''Parthenon Marbles'' anaa ''Parthenon Sculptures'' (Greek: Γλυπτά του Παρθενώνα) dey refer to sculptures—de frieze, metopes den pediments—from de Parthenon dem hold insyd various collections, principally de British Museum den de Acropolis Museum insyd Athens.<ref name=":0">[[:en:Elgin_Marbles#CITEREFJenkins2016|Jenkins 2016]], p. 325, n. 1.</ref> From 1801 to 1812, na Elgin ein agents remove about half de surviving Parthenon sculptures, as well as sculptures wey komot de Erechtheion, de Temple of Athena Nike den de Propylaia, sending dem to Britain in efforts make dem establish a private museum. Na Elgin state he remove de sculptures plus permission of de Ottoman officials wey exercise authority insyd Athens at de time.<ref name=":8">{{cite book|last=Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Select Committee on the Earl of Elgin's Collection of Sculptured Marbles.|url=https://archive.org/details/gri_33125008272383|title=Report from the Select Committee of the House of Commons on the Earl of Elgin's collection of sculptured marbles|date=1816|publisher=Printed for J. Murray, by W. Bulmer and Co.|place=London}}</ref> Na de legality of Elgin ein actions be disputed.<ref name=":2">{{cite book|last=Herman|first=Alexander|url=https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/parthenon-marbles-dispute-9781509967179/|title=The Parthenon Marbles Dispute|publisher=Bloomsbury|year=2023|isbn=978-1509967179|edition=|place=London|pages=1–3|author-link=}}</ref> Dema presence insyd de British Museum be de subject of longstanding international controversy. Insyd Britain, na de acquisition of de collection be supported by sam,<ref name="Casey22">{{Cite web|last=Casey|first=Christopher|date=30 October 2008|title="Grecian Grandeurs and the Rude Wasting of Old Time": Britain, the Elgin Marbles, and Post-Revolutionary Hellenism|url=http://ww2.jhu.edu/foundations/?p=8|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090513053304/http://ww2.jhu.edu/foundations/?p=8|archive-date=13 May 2009|access-date=25 June 2009|work=Foundations. Volume III, Number 1}}</ref> while odas, such as Lord Byron, likened Elgin ein actions to vandalism anaa looting.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Beard|first=Mary|title=The Parthenon|publisher=Profile Books|year=2002|isbn=186197292X|location=London|pages=11–15}}</ref> Na a British parliamentary inquiry insyd 1816 conclude dat na Elgin acquire de marbles legally.<ref name="Report from the Select Committee of the House of Commons on the Earl of Elgin's Collection of Sculptured Marbles2">{{Cite news|year=1816|title=Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Select Committee on the Earl of Elgin's Collection of Sculptured Marbles, Printed for J. Murray, by W. Bulmer and Co., 1816|publisher=Google ebook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NwUFAAAAYAAJ&q=lord+elgin+testified+1816+british+parliamentary+committee&pg=PA35}}</ref> Na Elgin sell dem to de British government insyd dat year, after wich dem pass into de trusteeship of de British Museum. Insyd 1983, na de Greek government formally ask de British government make dem return dem to Greece, wey na dem list de dispute plus [[UNESCO]]. Na de British government den de British Museum decline UNESCO ein offer of mediation. Insyd 2021, UNESCO call upon de British government make dem resolve de issue at de intergovernmental level.<ref name=":202">{{Cite web|date=September 2021|title=Intergovernmental Committee for Promoting the Return of Cultural Property to its Countries of Origin or its Restitution in Case of Illicit Appropriation Twenty-Second SessionParis, UNESCO Headquarters, Room XI27-29 September 2021DECISIONS|url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000379856/PDF/379856eng.pdf.multi|access-date=8 January 2023|website=UNESCO}}</ref> De Greek government den supporters of de marbles dema return to Greece argue say na dem be obtained illegally anaa unethically, dat dem be of exceptional cultural importance to Greece, den dat dema cultural value go be best appreciated insyd a unified public display plus de oda major Parthenon antiquities insyd de Acropolis Museum. Na de British government den de British Museum argue dat na dem be obtained legally, dat dema return go set a precedent wich fi undermine de collections of de major museums of world culture, den dat de British Museum ein collection dey allow dem to be better viewed insyd de context of oda major ancient cultures den thus dey complements de perspective wey be provided by de Acropolis Museum. Discussions between British den Greek officials dey go on.<ref name=":172">{{cite news|date=3 December 2022|title=Greece in 'preliminary' talks with British Museum about Parthenon marbles|first=Helena|last=Smith|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2022/dec/03/greece-in-preliminary-talks-with-british-museum-about-parthenon-marbles|access-date=4 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208001447/https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2022/dec/03/greece-in-preliminary-talks-with-british-museum-about-parthenon-marbles|archive-date=8 December 2023|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":212">{{cite news|title=British Museum says in 'constructive' discussions over Parthenon marbles|work=Reuters|date=4 January 2023|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/british-museum-says-constructive-discussions-over-parthenon-marbles-2023-01-04/|access-date=10 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231201112458/https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/british-museum-says-constructive-discussions-over-parthenon-marbles-2023-01-04/|archive-date=1 December 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Name== De Elgin Marbles be named after de 7th Earl of Elgin, wey, na between 1801 den 1812, oversee dema removal from de Parthenon, de Erechtheion, de Temple of Athena Nike den de Propylaia den dema shipment to England.<ref name=":233">{{Cite web |title=The Parthenon Sculptures |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/about-us/british-museum-story/contested-objects-collection/parthenon-sculptures |access-date=9 January 2023 |website=The British Museum}}</ref> By an act of parliament, de British Museum Act 1816, na de collection be transferred to de British Museum on de condition say e be kept togeda den named "the Elgin Marbles".<ref>Jenkins (2016). pp 109–110</ref> De term "Parthenon Marbles" anaa "Parthenon Sculptures" dey refer to de sculptures den architectural features dem remove specifically from de Parthenon.<ref name=":0" /> Dese currently be held insyd seven museums around de world, principally de Acropolis Museum den de British Museum.<ref name=":1">Beard (2002, pp. 11–12) counts nine museums, but this was before the restitutions made by Heidelberg University and the Vatican Museums.</ref> De term "Parthenon Sculptures" be used insyd dis sense by both de British Museum den de Greek government.<ref name=":233"/> Mario Trabucco wey dey for Torretta talk say, even though dem call am 'Elgin Marbles' legally, people wey want am back, dem go prefer say na 'Parthenon Sculptures'.<ref name=":1" /> == Background == Dem build Parthenon for Acropolis of Athens from 447 BCE as temple for goddess Athena. E fit be say na Phidias dey handle di sculptural design. As di years pass, dem turn di building to church and mosque, so di sculptures get plenty damage, but di building still dey intact.<ref>{{cite book|last=Herman|first=Alexander|url=https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/parthenon-marbles-dispute-9781509967179/|title=The Parthenon Marbles Dispute|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing|Bloomsbury]]|year=2023|isbn=978-1509967179|edition=|place=London|pages=12–13, 19–20|author-link=}}</ref> During di Sixth Ottoman–Venetian War (1684–1699), di defending Turks make di Acropolis strong and use di Parthenon as gunpowder store. For 26 September 1687, one Venetian artillery round burst di gunpowder, e make big explosion wey blow away di middle part of di Parthenon. Di cella walls sef scatter join rubble.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Mommsen |first=Theodor E. |year=1941 |title=The Venetians in Athens and the Destruction of the Parthenon in 1687 |journal=American Journal of Archaeology |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=544–556 |doi=10.2307/499533 |jstor=499533}}</ref><ref name="Rathus">{{cite book|last=Fichner-Rathus|first=Lois|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JPlYOG52w2UC&pg=PT324|title=Understanding Art|publisher=Cengage Learning|year=2012|isbn=978-1-111-83695-5|edition=10th|page=305}}</ref> Three walls dey almost fall down, plus about three-fifths of di sculptures from di frieze don drop.<ref name="Chatziaslani">{{cite web|last=Chatziaslani|first=Kornilia|title=Morosini in Athens|url=http://www.eie.gr/archaeologia/En/chapter_more_8.aspx|access-date=14 August 2012|publisher=Archaeology of the City of Athens}}</ref> About 300 people die for di explosion, as marble fragments dey sprinkle over a significant area.<ref name="Tomkinson2">{{cite web|last=Tomkinson|first=John L.|title=Venetian Athens: Venetian Interlude (1684–1689)|url=http://www.anagnosis.gr/index.php?la=eng&pageID=217|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004221546/http://www.anagnosis.gr/index.php?la=eng&pageID=217|archive-date=4 October 2013|access-date=14 August 2012|publisher=Anagnosis Books}}</ref> For next one and half century, dem dey use wetin remain for di structure as building material plus many valuable things sef dem carry go.<ref name="Grafton">{{cite book|last=Grafton|first=Anthony|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LbqF8z2bq3sC&pg=PA693|title=The Classical Tradition|author2=Glenn W. Most|author3=Salvatore Settis|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2010|isbn=978-0-674-03572-0|page=693}}</ref><ref name=":13">{{cite book|last=Herman|first=Alexander|url=https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/parthenon-marbles-dispute-9781509967179/|title=The Parthenon Marbles Dispute|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing|Bloomsbury]]|year=2023|isbn=978-1509967179|edition=|place=London|pages=20–21|author-link=}}</ref> == Acquisition == [[File:East_pediment_O_Parthenon_BM_n2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:East_pediment_O_Parthenon_BM_n2.jpg|thumb|Parthenon Selene Horse]] [[File:The_Parthenon_sculptures,_British_Museum_(14063376069)_(2)_(cropped).jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Parthenon_sculptures,_British_Museum_(14063376069)_(2)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Metope from de Elgin Marbles depicting a [[:en:Centaur|Centaur]] plus a [[:en:Lapith|Lapith]] fighting]] For November 1798, di Earl of Elgin dey appointed as 'Ambassador Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of His Britannic Majesty to di Sublime Porte of Selim III, Sultan of Turkey' (Greece dey part of Ottoman Empire then). Before e waka go take di post, e don ask di British government officials if dem go want to employ artists to do cast and drawing of di Parthenon sculpture. According to Elgin, 'di answer wey di Government give na negative entirely."<ref name=":2" /> Elgin decide say he go do di work himself, and him bring some artists make dem take casts and drawings under di eye of di Neapolitan court painter, Giovanni Lusieri.<ref name=":2" /> Even though him just wan document di sculptures at first, for 1801 Elgin start dey carry material come out from di Parthenon and di structures wey dey surround am, all dis under Lusieri supervision. One local Turkish guy talk say di marble sculptures wey fall, dem dey burnt am to make lime for building, and when dem check di drawings wey dem don publish before, e show how di remains dey decay fast fast.<ref name=":2" /> Dem also carry pieces come out from di Erechtheion, di Propylaia, plus di Temple of Athena Nike, all insyde di Acropolis.<ref name=":212" /> Dem carry dem from Greece go Malta, wey e be British protectorate, and dem stay there for many years before dem carry dem go Britain.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Busuttil|first1=Cynthia|title=Dock 1 made from ancient ruins?|url=http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20090726/local/dock-1-made-from-ancient-ruins.266812|access-date=15 March 2015|work=[[The Times (Malta)|The Times]]|date=26 July 2009}}</ref> Di digging and removal complete for 1812, wey e cost Elgin £74,240<ref name=":2" /><ref>''Encyclopædia Britannica'' Online{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/184554/Elgin-Marbles|title=Elgin Marbles|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=18 April 2021}}</ref> (wey be like £5,670,000 for 2023 pounds). Elgin wan use di marbles to boost art for Britain,<ref>Jenkins (2016). pp. 96, 102</ref> plus him big dream be make government buy am.<ref name=":14">{{cite news|last=Trabucco della Torretta|first=Mario|date=19 August 2024|title=We mustn't lose our Marbles!|url=https://www.pressreader.com/uk/daily-express/20240819/282110641929563?srsltid=AfmBOorQtcw0t7cXAs-LtFeYs0OvLCkm-sgXtQ_D2VF6X8IuYIyEJwIr|work=Daily Express|access-date=24 September 2024}}</ref> To make case for public spending, Elgin buy house for London, set up sculptures dey like private museum, make artists fit see am, and later, public too.<ref>St.Clair (1998), pp. 162–172</ref> Elgin start talk for sell di collection go British Museum for 1811, but di matter jam when government offer just £30,000; na less than half wetin e spend for dem.<ref>St Clair (1967). pp. 184–186</ref> Di next few years, plenty people show interest for classical Greece, and Elgin also get testimonials from Ennio Quirino Visconti wey be director for Louvre, plus Antonio Canova from Vatican Museum, wey confirm say di marbles get high artistic value.<ref>St Clair (1967). pp. 220–228</ref> For 1816, House of Commons Select Committee wey Lord Elgin request, talk say dem get high artistic value and dem recommend make government buy am for £35,000 to boost fine arts for Britain.<ref name=":4">St Clair (1967). pp. 250–260</ref><ref>Jenkins (2016). p. 107</ref> For June 1816, after more debate, parliament give the green light for dem to buy the marbles with vote wey be 82–30. Dem carry de marbles go British Museum for 8 August.<ref name=":10">Jenkins (2016). pp. 109–110</ref> == Description == [[File:Parthenon_section_annotated.svg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Parthenon_section_annotated.svg|thumb|Annotated sectional view of the Parthenon with parts in the British Museum shaded]] Di marbles wey Elgin get include 21 figures from di statues wey dey east and west pediments, 15 out of 92 metope panels wey show battles between Lapiths den di centaurs, plus 75 metres of di Parthenon frieze wey dey on top di architrave for di temple. E mean say, dem be more than half of wetin dey remain for di sculptural decoration of di Parthenon.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web|date=9 January 2023|title=The Parthenon Sculptures|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/about-us/british-museum-story/contested-objects-collection/parthenon-sculptures|access-date=9 January 2023|website=The British Museum}}</ref> Elgin dey collect plenty things wey come from other buildings for Athenian Acropolis – like caryatid wey come from Erechtheion; four slabs wey dey from the parapet frieze of Temple of Athena Nike; plus many other architectural pieces from Parthenon, Propylaia, Erechtheion, plus Temple of Athena Nike – plus the Treasury of Atreus for Mycenae too.<ref name=":12" /> British Museum dey gather some extra pieces from Acropolis, wey dem get from different collections no related to Elgin, like Léon-Jean-Joseph Dubois,<ref>{{cite web|date=24 September 2024|title=British Museum Catalogue entry for item 1840.1111.5|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/G_1840-1111-5|website=The British Museum}}</ref> William Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire,<ref>{{cite web|date=24 September 2024|title=British Museum Catalogue entry for item 1854.0513.1|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/G_1854-0513-1|website=The British Museum}}</ref> plus de Society of Dilettanti.<ref>{{cite web|date=24 September 2024|title=British Museum Catalogue entry for item 1816.0610.29-30a|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/G_1816-0610-29-30-a|website=The British Museum}}</ref> == Legality of removal from Athens == For February 1816, one committee for House of Commons gather people talk whether Elgin take the marbles legit or no, and if government go fit buy am.<ref name=":4" /> When dem ask Elgin for the committee,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Report from the Select Committee of the House of Commons on the Earl of Elgin's collection of sculptured marbles; &c|url=https://archive.org/details/gri_33125008272383/page/n39/mode/2up|access-date=13 January 2023|website=Internet Archive}}</ref> e talk say the work wey im agents do for Acropolis, and how dem carry the marbles go, na by firman (that one be term wey Western people dey use for any official Ottoman order) wey Ottoman government give dem for July 1801, and dem carry out with approval of voivode (the civil governor for Athens) and dizdar (military commander for Acropolis citadel). For March 1810, another firman land, wey give green light for second shipment of marbles from Athens to Britain.<ref>Williams (2009). p. 23</ref> Elgin tell the committee, "the thing dey happen in front of everybody... plus all de local leaders dey involved, plus de Turkish government too."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Williams |first=Dyfri |date=2009 |title=Lord Elgin's Firman |journal=Journal of the History of Collections |pages=1–28}}</ref> Di committee clear Elgin from all di wahala say he take di marbles by bad means or misuse him power as ambassador.<ref name=":4" /> But wetin Elgin talk still dey cause palaver. No official record of di July 1801 firman show for Turkish archives.<ref name="Nation2">{{cite journal |author1=David Rudenstein |date=29 May 2000 |title=Did Elgin Cheat at Marbles? |journal=Nation |volume=270 |issue=21 |page=30 |quote=Yet no researcher has ever located this Ottoman document and when l was in Instanbul I searched in vain for it or any copy of it, or any reference to it in other sorts of documents or a description of its substantive terms in any related official papers. Although a document of some sort may have existed, it seems to have vanished into thin air, despite the fact the Ottoman archives contain an enormous number of similar documents from the period.}}</ref> One Italian translation of di supposed firman dey for British Museum, plus one English version wey dem carry go 1816 Select Committee.<ref name=":22">St Clair, William: Lord Elgin and the Marbles. Oxford University Press, US, 3rd ed., (1998)</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web|title=firman|url=http://www.parthenon.newmentor.net/firman.htm|work=newmentor.net}}</ref> Di document talk small for dis part,<ref>Williams (2009). pp. 6–7</ref> {{Blockquote|make dem write and order say, the painters wey be Elgin’s men, as dem dey enter and carry go out for Castle gate wey be their observation zone, and as dem dey set up scaffolding for ancient temple of Idols wey be Parthenon, and dey take moulds for lime paste (wey be plaster) of di same ornaments and figures, dey go fit measure any remains of dem old buildings wey don spoil, and if dem wan dig for foundation to find any stone wey get inscripshion, wey fit still dey yam for di rubble, make no body disturb dem, make Commandant of di Castle or anybody no fit disturb dem. Nobody suppose touch their scaffolding or tools wey dem don make there; and if dem wan carry any stone wey get old inscripshion or figures, make nobody stop dem.}}Vassilis Demetriades wey dey from University of Crete talk say dis document no be firman (decree from Sultan), nor be buyuruldi (order from Grand Vizier), na wetin dem dey call mektub (official letter) from de Sultan acting Grand Vizier wey no get force of law.<ref name="firman23">{{cite web|last=Demetriades|first=Vassilis|title=Was the removal of the marbles illegal?|url=http://www.parthenon.newmentor.net/illegal.htm|work=newmentor.net}}</ref> Dyfri Williams yan say even though e no be firman for technical matter, dem dey use di term well for diplomatic and court area to mean different kinds of official Ottoman documents. E talk say di document fit be buyuruldi, but "[w]hatever di correct form of di document be, e get so you go follow am, plus people follow am."<ref>Williams (2009). pp. 8–12</ref> Historian Edhem Eldem too dey argue say di document fit be real and e call am firman for di broad meaning of di word.<ref>{{cite book|last=Eldem|first=Edhem|title=Scramble for the Past. A Story of Archaeology in the Ottoman Empire, 1753–1914|date=2011|publisher=Istanbul, SALT|isbn=|editor-last1=Barani|editor-first1=Zainab|pages=281–328|chapter=From Blissful Indifference to Anguished Concern: Ottoman Perceptions of Antiquities, 1799–1869|editor-last2=Celik|editor-first2=Zeynep|editor-last3=Eldem|editor-first3=Edhem}}</ref> [[File:Parthenon_pediment_statues.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Parthenon_pediment_statues.jpg|thumb|Statuary from the east [[:en:Pediment|pediment]]]] Dem dey argue whether di document gree Elgin people make dem remove di sculptures wey dey attach to di Parthenon and other buildings. Demetriades, David Rudenstine and some folks talk say di document only gree Elgin crew make dem carry artefacts wey dem recover for di excavations wey dem fit do, no be di ones wey still dey on top di buildings.<ref name="firman23" /><ref name=":11">{{Cite journal |last=Rudenstein |first=David |date=29 May 2000 |title=Did Elgin Cheat at Marbles? |url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Did+Elgin+Cheat+at+Marbles%3F-a062102045 |journal=The Nation}}</ref> Williams talk say the document be dey “rather open ended” and di civil governor gree with how clergyman Philip Hunt—wey dey follow dem as Elgin's chaplain—interpret am, wey fit allow dem remove sculptures wey dem fix for buildings.<ref>Williams (2009). p. 20</ref> Beard come conclude say, “No matter how you go dey check di text, e no go fit give you di answer. Just like with documents wey dey come from head office, how dem go interpret am go depend on di men wey dey carry di orders on de spot.<ref>Beard (2002). p. 91</ref> Legal guy John Henry Merryman dey argue say di document just get small authority to remove di fixed sculptures, but e be say legally, wetin Elgin do don get approval from di Ottoman officials. For 1802, di Ottoman officials for Constantinople release documents give di civil governor and military boss for Athens wey approve wetin dem do, and for March 1810, dem give command make Elgin fit carry shipment of marbles from Greece go Britain.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Merryman |first=John |date=1985 |title=Thinking About the Elgin Marbles |url=https://repository.law.umich.edu/mlr/vol83/iss8/3/ |journal=Michigan Law Review |volume=83 |issue=8 |pages=1899 |doi=10.2307/1288954 |jstor=1288954 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Legal scholar Catharine Titi talk say Sir Robert Adair report say di Ottomans for 1811 "no gree" say Elgin get any property insyde di sculptures.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Titi|first=Catharine|url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-031-26357-6|title=The Parthenon Marbles and International Law|date=2023|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-031-26356-9|pages=79–81|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-031-26357-6}}</ref> Legal scholar Alexander Herman and historian Edhem Eldem talk say di papers wey dey for di Turkish archives show say dis "no gree" na just strategy to delay matter for diplomatic reason, and di Porte later allow di marbles make dem carry go Britain for late 1811.<ref>{{cite book|last=Herman|first=Alexander|url=|title=The Parthenon Marbles Dispute|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|year=2023|isbn=978-1509967179|edition=|place=London|pages=45–46|author-link=}}</ref><ref>BOA, HAT 1277/49548, AH 1225 (AD 1810), quoted in Eldem (2011), p. 292</ref> Plenty people wey see dem carry marbles from Acropolis, even pipo from Elgin’s crew, talk say expensive bribes and gifts to local big men dey necessary make dem work go smooth.<ref name="Edward Daniel Clarke 1818 223ff2">{{Cite book|last=Clarke|first=Edward Daniel|title=Travels in various Countries of Europe, Asia and Africa Part the Second Greece Egypt and the Holy Land Section the Second Fourth Edition Volume the Sixth|publisher=T. Cadell|year=1818|location=London|page=223ff}}</ref> Dem say dem pay small money give disdar, just to make am fit continue di work. No money really dey mentioned to start di work, na because of official permission.<ref>Williams (2019). pp. 13, 19</ref> Merryman talk say bribery no go make taking di marbles illegal for di kind time wey dem dey.<ref>Merryman (1985). p. 1901–1902</ref> {{Blockquote|De Ottomans wey dem don bribe na dem be de people wey dey in charge. No matter wetin make dem collect de bribe, dem get de power to do wetin dem do. For dat time, plus for di culture, e get plenty officials wey dey need bribe before dem go fit do dem work (like e still dey happen for many places today), so di fact say bribes dey happen no mean anything for di law matter.}}Rudenstine talk say dem go need check am well to see if, for that time, bribery fit matter for dis kind official transactions under Ottoman or British law.<ref>Rudenstine (1999) p. 370</ref> Herman dey argue say bribing officials no dey legal for British and Ottoman law back then, but the Porte no do anything to their officials for Athens, so dem just allow wetin dem dey do slide.<ref>{{cite book|last=Herman|first=Alexander|url=|title=The Parthenon Marbles Dispute|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing|Bloomsbury]]|year=2023|isbn=978-1509967179|edition=|place=London|pages=46–48|author-link=}}</ref> For May 2024, one spokesperson wey dey represent Turkey, wey be like the continue state of de Ottoman Empire,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Öktem |first=Emre |date=August 2011 |title=Turkey: Successor or Continuing State of the Ottoman Empire? |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/leiden-journal-of-international-law/article/abs/turkey-successor-or-continuing-state-of-the-ottoman-empire/B3512009F20CED7173E9D27E37A5EE83 |journal=Leiden Journal of International Law |language=en |volume=24 |issue=3 |page=561 |doi=10.1017/S0922156511000252 |issn=1478-9698 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> talk say dem no sabi the firman and dem support make dem return the marbles. Di spokesman come talk say na UK colonialists remove di marbles, him add say: "I no think say we fit talk about di legality, even during dat time plus under di law wey dey then."<ref>{{Cite news|last=Zois|first=Nikolas|date=4 June 2024|title=Turkey denies firman giving Lord Elgin rights to sell Parthenon Sculptures|url=https://www.ekathimerini.com/culture/1240571/turkey-denies-firman-giving-lord-elgin-rights-to-sell-parthenon-sculptures/|access-date=4 June 2024|work=[[Kathimerini]]}}</ref> For response, archaeologist Mario Trabucco della Torretta talk say scholars dey believe say di British copy of di firman be true plus e fit be say did grant Elgin permission to carry di sculptures comot.<ref name=":14" /> == Contemporary reaction == When Elgin yarn for 1807, he show first shipment of marbles for London,<ref name="Jenkins 2016. p. 102">Jenkins (2016). p. 102</ref> e be ‘instant hit’ for plenty people<ref name=":2" /> wey admire di sculptures and dey support their come. Di sculptor John Flaxman talk say dem better pass ‘di treasures of Italy’,<ref name=":122">Jenkins (2016). pp. 102–104</ref> plus Benjamin West call dem ‘sublime specimens of di purest sculpture’.<ref>William St Clair (1967). p. 167</ref> Henry Fuseli dey enthusiastic, and im friend Benjamin Haydon become tireless fan for their importance.<ref>{{Cite book|last=St. Clair|first=William|title=Lord Elgin and the Marbles|publisher=Oxford|year=1967|edition=1st|location=London|pages=169–172}}</ref> But di classicist Richard Payne Knight talk say dem be Roman additions or work of inferior craftsmen, while painter Ozias Humphrey call dem ‘a mass of ruins’.<ref name=":122" /> Lord Byron, some years later, dey vex well well for dem wey wan carry di marbles go from Greece, he call Elgin vandal.<ref name="BritA2">Encyclopædia Britannica, ''The Acropolis'', p. 6/20, 2008, O.Ed.</ref> For him poem Childe Harold's Pilgrimage wey him publish for 1812, he talk about di Parthenon like dis:<ref>{{cite news|date=14 July 2014|title=The story of the Elgin Marbles|newspaper=International Herald Tribune|url=http://www.elginism.com/20040720/90/|url-status=dead|access-date=25 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111025153529/http://www.elginism.com/20040720/90/|archive-date=25 October 2011}}</ref><blockquote>E be eye wey no go cry if e see, Dem don spoil your walls, your shrines don dey go, Na British hand wey suppose dey protect dem, Dem don carry all your relics wey no fit come back. This hour wey dem leave their land, Dem don come chop your heart again, And snatch'd thy shrinking gods to northern climes abhorred!</blockquote>Byron no be di only person wey dey vex for di removal for dat time. Sir John Newport talk say:<ref name="newsweek stones22">{{cite magazine|title=Romancing the Stones|url=http://www.newsweek.com/id/200852|magazine=Newsweek|access-date=25 June 2009}}</ref> Di Honourable Lord don use di worst way wey no dey justified and don do serious theft. E be serious matter say person wey represent our country go carry di things wey di Turks plus other barbarians don dey consider sacred. Edward Daniel Clarke see dem take out di metopes and he call di action 'spoliation', he write say 'di form of di temple don suffer pass wetin e don already feel from di Venetian gun dem', and 'no workman wey dey work for di thing ... no one no show say dem dey worry say such wahala dey necessary, after dem don already make moulds and casts of all di sculpture wey dem designed to remove'.<ref name="Edward Daniel Clarke 1818 223ff2" /> When Sir Francis Ronalds waka go Athens meet Giovanni Battista Lusieri for 1820, e talk say, "If Lord Elgin get real taste instead of greedy heart, e for do di opposite of wetin e don do, e for carry di rubbish comot den leave di ancient things."<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ronalds|first=B.F.|title=Sir Francis Ronalds: Father of the Electric Telegraph|publisher=Imperial College Press|year=2016|isbn=978-1-78326-917-4|location=London|page=60}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sir Francis Ronalds' Travel Journal: Athens|url=http://www.sirfrancisronalds.co.uk/athens.html|access-date=22 February 2018|website=Sir Francis Ronalds and his Family}}</ref> [[File:Temporary_Elgin_Room_at_the_Museum_in_1819.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Temporary_Elgin_Room_at_the_Museum_in_1819.jpg|thumb|''De Trustees insyde de Temporary Elgin Room, 1819'', by Archibald Archer, depicts de Elgin Marbles at de [[:en:British_Museum|British Museum]] surrounded by museum staff, a trustee, plus visitors.]] For 1810, Elgin drop one paper wey e defend im actions, wey e talk say na only when e see say the marbles no dey under correct care from Ottoman people, e decide to carry am come away. E fear say dem fit enter Napoleon army hand if e no act fast.<ref>St Clair (1967). p. 182</ref><ref name="BritB2">''Encyclopædia Britannica'', "Elgin Marbles", 2008, online ed.</ref> Felicia Hemans gree buy di marbles, and for her Modern Greece: A Poem (1817), defied Byron with the question: And who go fit cry say, wey dem don save am from dem, <blockquote>Those wey dey spoil fine things and no like art, Thy relics, Athens! wey dem carry go other side, Still dey get respect from every heart for you?</blockquote>and she talk about Haydon and other people wey dey support how dem fit reach insyde her notes.<ref>''Modern Greece'', London 1817, [https://books.google.com/books?id=A1QVAAAAQAAJ pp. 45, 65–66]</ref> Johann Wolfgang von Goethe dey talk say di British government wey go buy di marbles go bring 'new age of great art'.<ref name=":02">Beard (2002) p. 16</ref> Di marbles show for public for temp room inside di British Museum for 1817 and e soon break attendance record for di museum.<ref>Jenkins (2016). p. 110</ref> John Keats waka go di British Museum too for 1817, him record wetin e dey feel for di sonnet wey dem call 'On Seeing di Elgin Marbles'. Some lines for him 'Ode on a Grecian Urn' dey feel like e inspire from di Elgin Marbles visit.<ref name=":02" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chamberlain |first=Tim |date=2005 |title=The Elusive Urn |url=https://www.academia.edu/1532559 |journal=The British Museum Magazine |issue=52 |pages=36–38}}</ref> William Wordsworth sef see di marbles and e talk sweet tings about demma aesthetics for letter wey e write to Haydon.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bennett|first=Andrew|title=William Wordsworth in Context|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2015|page=304}}</ref> Dem go show di marbles for di Elgin Saloon wey dem build specially (1832), and e turn di favorite models wey people dey use train for fine arts. Plaster casts of di marbles dey hot for market and dem share am give museums, private collectors plus big men throughout de world.<ref name=":5">Jenkins (2016). p. 111</ref><ref name=":7">Beard (2002). pp. 16–18</ref> Dem carry am go Duveen Gallery, wey dem name after Joseph Duveen, 1st Baron Duveen, for 1939, and dem still dey gather plenty people wey wan see am.<ref name=":2" /> == Damage == === Late antiquity plus Byzantine era === Some time after dem change Parthenon to Christian church for 6th-century CE, Christians go spoil de metopes for north, west and east side of Parthenon to remove images of pagan gods. Dem damage e too much, we no fit identify the images wey dey for di affected metopes well well.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Schwab|first=Katherine A|title=The Parthenon, from Antiquity to the Present|url=https://archive.org/details/parthenonfromant0000unse|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2005|isbn=978-0-521-82093-6|editor-last=Neils|editor-first=Jennifer|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/parthenonfromant0000unse/page/165 165]|chapter=Celebrations of Victory: The Metopes of the Parthenon}}</ref><ref>Robert Ousterhout (2005) "'Bestride the Very Peak of Heaven': The Parthenon after Antiquity." In Neils (ed). ''The Parthenon, from Antiquity to the Present.'' pp. 306–307</ref> ==== Venetians ==== [[File:Elgin_Marbles_east_pediment.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Elgin_Marbles_east_pediment.jpg|thumb|Statuary from de East Pediment]] Di Venetian bombardment wey happen for Parthenon for 1687 spoil plenti sculptures, plus some wey Elgin come remove later.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Stanford Archaeopedia|url=http://traumwerk.stanford.edu:3455/Archaeopaedia/198|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080314025855/http://traumwerk.stanford.edu:3455/Archaeopaedia/198|archive-date=14 March 2008}}</ref> As dem dey try remove some big sculptures, di Venetian general Francesco Morosini cause more wahala. E no go fit collect dem well, so one sculpture of Poseidon plus two horses from Athena chariot fall down break. Plenti sculptures plus small pieces dem Venetians don remove.<ref name=":13" /> ===== Elgin ===== Elgin dey yarn with Italian sculptor Antonio Canova for 1803 how e go fit restore di marbles well well. Dem dey talk say Canova be di best sculptural restorer for di world that time; Elgin write say Canova no wan touch di marbles sekof e dey fear say e go spoil dem more.<ref name=":2" /> To make dem fit transport by Elgin, dem don chop off di columns' tops and plenty metopes and frieze slabs from di main structure, e don spoil di Parthenon wey no go fit fix back.<ref name="Greek Ministry of Culture: Memorandum on the Parthenon Marbles">{{Cite news|url=http://www.yppo.gr/4/marm/memorandum-gr.pdf|title=Greek Government's Memorandum|publisher=Greek Ministry of Culture|access-date=19 October 2014|archive-date=19 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019102204/http://www.yppo.gr/4/marm/memorandum-gr.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/28/arts/design/28ouro.html?_r=3&pagewanted=1&oref=slogin Where Gods Yearn for Long-Lost Treasures] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016235933/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/28/arts/design/28ouro.html?_r=3&pagewanted=1&oref=slogin|date=16 October 2015}}, ''[[The New York Times]]''</ref> One ship wey carry marbles on di British brig Mentor<ref name="The Wreck of the Mentor on the Coast of the Island of Kythera and the Operation to Retrieve, Salvage, and Transport the Parthenon Sculptures to London">{{Cite web|last1=Leontsinis|first1=George|title=The Wreck of the Mentor on the Coast of the Island of Kythera and the Operation to Retrieve, Salvage, and Transport the Parthenon Sculptures to London (1802–1805)|url=https://www.academia.edu/376886|publisher=Arts Books, Athens}}</ref> catch rain for Cape Matapan wey dey south Greece plus sink near Kythera, but di Earl come use im own money save am;<ref name="British Museum releases">{{Cite web|title=The Parthenon Sculptures|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/the_museum/news_and_press_releases/statements/parthenon_sculptures/parthenon_-_facts_and_figures.aspx|publisher=British Museum}}</ref> e take dem two years to bring dem back come up. ===== British Museum ===== [[File:Tools_used_for_the_cleaning_of_the_Elgin_Marbles.JPG|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tools_used_for_the_cleaning_of_the_Elgin_Marbles.JPG|thumb|Tools dem dey use to clean de marbles for 1937–38<ref>[[William Andrew Oddy|Oddy, Andrew]], [http://www.iiconservation.org/publications/sic/2002/sic47abstracts.php Andrew Oddy The Conservation of Marble Sculptures in the British Museum before 1975] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402032539/http://www.iiconservation.org/publications/sic/2002/sic47abstracts.php|date=2 April 2016}}, '''47'''(3).</ref>]] Di artefacts wey dey London don suffer from 19th-century pollution wey go on till mid-20th century, plus dem don suffer irreparable damage from di cleaning wey British Museum workers dey use.<ref>[[William Andrew Oddy|Oddy, Andrew]], "The Conservation of Marble Sculptures in the British Museum before 1975", in ''Studies in Conservation'', vol. 47, no. 3, (2002), pp. 145–146, Quote: "However, for a short time in the late 1930s copper scrapers were used to remove areas of discolouration from the surface of the Elgin Marbles. New information is presented about this lamentable episode."</ref> E be back as 1838, scientist Michael Faraday don dey asked make e find solution for di wahala wey di marbles dey spoil. Di outcome na wetin e talk for beta letter wey e send give Henry Milman, wey be commissioner for di National Gallery.<ref>[[William Andrew Oddy|Oddy, Andrew]], "The Conservation of Marble Sculptures in the British Museum before 1975", in ''Studies in Conservation'', vol. 47, no. 3, (2002), p. 146</ref><ref>Jenkins, I., '"Sir, they are scrubbing the Elgin Marbles!"&nbsp;– some controversial cleanings of the Parthenon Sculptures', ''Minerva'' 10(6) (1999) 43–45.</ref><blockquote>Di marbles wey I see dem, dem really dey dirt ... from dust and soot wey pile on top. ... I see di body of di marble wey dey under di surface, e white. ... When I use water with sponge or soft cloth, e fit wash away di big dirt. ... But when I use fine, gritty powder with water, e fit clear di top dirt quick, but e still left plenty dirt wey dey inside di marble. I come try alkaline, both carbonated and caustic; dem help small to loose di surface dirt ... but e no fit bring back di marble true color and clean state. I finally use diluted nitric acid, but even dat one no work. ... After I check am, I dey feel say e go hard to show di marbles for di British Museum make dem pure and white like as dem be originally before.</blockquote>Another try to clean di marbles happen for 1858. Richard Westmacott, wey dem appoint as di person wey go supervise di 'moving and cleaning di sculptures' for 1857, write letter wey di British Museum Standing Committee approve on 13 March 1858.<ref>[[William Andrew Oddy|Oddy, Andrew]], "The Conservation of Marble Sculptures in the British Museum before 1975", in ''Studies in Conservation'', vol. 47, no. 3, (2002), p. 148</ref><blockquote>I go talk am sharp say some of the works don get plenty wahala from people wey no sabi or no care – with oil and lard – plus dem restore am with wax and resin. This kind mistake don make am lose color. I go try fix am without using any small thing wey fit spoil di surface of de marble.</blockquote>Another effort to clean di marbles happen for 1937-38. Dis time, dem build new Gallery wey go house di collection. Dem mine di Pentelic marble from Mount Pentelicus wey dey north of Athens, di sculptures wey dem make with am dey get brownish colour like honey wen air touch am; dem dey call dis colour di marble's 'patina'.<ref>Gardner, Ernest Arthur: A Handbook of Greek Sculpture. Published 1896 Macmillan; [https://web.archive.org/web/20200220080513/https://books.google.com/books/pdf/A_Handbook_of_Greek_Sculpture.pdf%3Fid%3DFZkCAAAAYAAJ%26output%3Dpdf%26sig%3DSxrIRuctayFp6t99OkFn_OoksOw]</ref> But Lord Duveen, wey finance di whole thing, think say di marbles be originally white,<ref name="oddy149">[[William Andrew Oddy|Oddy, Andrew]], "The Conservation of Marble Sculptures in the British Museum before 1975", in ''Studies in Conservation'', vol. 47, no. 3, (2002), p. 149</ref> so e fit don tell di masons wey dey work for di project to remove di discolouration from some of di sculptures. Dem use seven scrapers, one chisel and one piece of carborundum stone. Now dem don store am for British Museum Preservation Department.<ref name="oddy149" /><ref name="BMScandal">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/543077.stm|title=Museum admits 'scandal' of Elgin Marbles|work=[[BBC News Online]]|date=1 December 1999|access-date=3 January 2010}}</ref> De cleaning wey dem do scratch some detail from plenty carvings.<ref>Paterakis AB. [Untitled]. Studies in Conservation 46(1): 79–80, 2001 [https://web.archive.org/web/20181004151928/https://www.jstor.org/stable/1506885]</ref> Harold Plenderleith talk say dem remove surface for some places reach one-tenth of an inch (2.5 mm).<ref name="oddy149" /> British Museum talk say dem fit make mistakes for dat time.<ref name="guardian">[https://www.theguardian.com/parthenon/article/0,,195563,00.html mistakes were made at that time] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080605154549/http://www.guardian.co.uk/parthenon/article/0%2C%2C195563%2C00.html|date=5 June 2008}}, ''[[The Guardian]]''.</ref> Another time, dem also talk say di damage don dey blow too much for political wahala and say di Greeks dey clean di marbles too much before dem carry am go Britain.<ref name="BMScandal" /> For one big talk wey happen in 1999 about di cleaning of di marbles, curator Ian Jenkins wey be deputy keeper of Greek and Roman old things, talk say, 'British Museum no be perfect, e no be Pope. E history get as e be, with good intentions but wahala plenty, and di cleaning for 1930s na one of di wahala.' Still, im talk say di main reason for di damage wey happen to di marbles na di weather wey don dey happen for Acropolis for 2000 years.<ref name="autogenerated7">{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/dec/01/maevkennedy|title=Mutual attacks mar Elgin Marbles debate|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=29 December 2008|location=London|first=Maev|last=Kennedy|date=1 December 1999}}</ref> For one newspaper article, American archaeologist Dorothy King talk say the method wey dem use for 1937–1938, Greeks sef dey use am for later years pass British. She still yan say Italians dey find am acceptable.<ref name="guardian faq">{{cite news|last=King|first=Dorothy|date=21 July 2004|title=Elgin Marbles: fact or fiction?|url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2004/jul/21/highereducation.parthenon|access-date=25 June 2009|newspaper=The Guardian|location=London}}</ref> British Museum talk say dem do similar clean up for Temple of Hephaestus inside Athenian Agora by de conservation team from American School of Classical Studies at Athens<ref name="autogenerated3">J. M. Cook and John Boardman, "Archaeology in Greece, 1953", The Journal of Hellenic Studies, Vol. 74, (1954), p. 147</ref> for 1953, dem use steel chisels plus brass wire.<ref name="British Museum releases" /> Greek ministry of Culture talk say dem clean am carefully, just de surface salt crusts.<ref name="autogenerated7" /> The 1953 American report conclude say the method wey dem use na to clear black dirt wey rain water cause plus e show say carving quality high, revealing at de same time "a few surviving particles of colour".<ref name="autogenerated3" /> [[File:Elgin_marbles_frieze.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Elgin_marbles_frieze.jpg|thumb|Section of a frieze from de Elgin (Parthenon) Marbles]] One study wey Emma Payne do for 2023 talk say di damage wey dem cause from di 1930s cleaning no be too much and we fit consider am based on wetin dey happen that time.<ref>{{cite journal |date=24 August 2023 |title=Casting the Parthenon sculptures: from the eighteenth century to the digital age |url=https://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2023/2023.08.24/ |journal=Bryn Mawr Classical Review}}</ref> Research wey dem do on di surface of di sculptures with archaeometric techniques, like Visible-Induced Luminescence (VIL), show say plenty traces of ancient colors dey still dey for di sculptures, wey go support di idea say di cleaning damage no be as bad like people dey think before.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Verri |first1=Giovanni |last2=Granger-Taylor |first2=Hero |last3=Jenkins |first3=Ian |last4=Sweek |first4=Tracey |last5=Weglowska |first5=Katarzyna |last6=Wootton |first6=William Thomas |date=October 2023 |title=The goddess' new clothes: the carving and polychromy of the Parthenon Sculptures |journal=Antiquity |volume=97 |issue=395 |pages=1173–1192 |doi=10.15184/aqy.2023.130 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Documents wey British Museum release under Freedom of Information Act show say some small accidents, thefts plus people wey dey vandalize don cause more damage for di sculptures.<ref name="telegraph">Hastings, Chris. [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1490023/Revealed-how-rowdy-schoolboys-knocked-a-leg-off-one-of-the-Elgin-Marbles.html Revealed: how rowdy schoolboys knocked a leg off one of the Elgin Marbles] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407143411/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1490023/Revealed-how-rowdy-schoolboys-knocked-a-leg-off-one-of-the-Elgin-Marbles.html|date=7 April 2016}}, ''The Daily Telegraph'', 15 May 2005. Retrieved 6 March 2010.</ref> Dis one include one incident for 1961 wey two schoolboys knock part of centaur leg, and for 1966, four shallow lines dey scratch for di back of one figure by some bad guys. For 1970, dem scratch letters for di upper right thigh of another figure. Four years after, thieves spoil di dowel hole for centaur hoof as dem dey try pull lead pieces.<ref name="telegraph" /> For June 1981, falling glass skylight make one west pediment figure chop small chip. == Return controversy == === Greek requests for return === For 1836, King Otto wey dey run new Greece, e go ask British government make dem return some Elgin Marbles (the four big stones wey dey show for Temple of Athena Nike). Then for 1846, after Greece talk say dem need am, Britain come send them full set of de Parthenon frieze casts. But for 1890, Athens try beg make dem return the original frieze but e no work. For 1927, the Greek minister wey dey London try ask for dem to bring back some architecture pieces, but e no work at all.<ref>{{cite book|last=Herman|first=Alexander|url=|title=The Parthenon Marbles Dispute|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing|Bloomsbury]]|year=2023|isbn=978-1509967179|edition=|place=London|pages=68|author-link=}}</ref> For 1983, Greek government dey beg British government make dem return all di sculptures wey dem remove from Acropolis for Athens wey still dey British Museum now, and for 1984, dem go list di wahala with UNESCO.<ref name="Report from the Select Committee of the House of Commons on the Earl of Elgin's Collection of Sculptured Marbles2" /><ref>{{cite book|last=Herman|first=Alexander|url=|title=The Parthenon Marbles Dispute|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|year=2023|isbn=978-1509967179|edition=|place=London|page=71|author-link=}}</ref> For 2000, some group for British parliament gather do inquiry on illegal trade wey dey affect cultural property, and dem sabi talk about the disputes wey dey for de marbles. Dem hear from de Greek foreign minister, George Papandreou, wey talk say the matter of who own am be second to de ethics plus culture wey dey push for make dem return de sculptures. But the committee no give any suggestions about wetin go happen to de marbles insyde de future.<ref name="Beard 2002. pp. 177–181">Beard (2002). pp. 177–181</ref> For 2000, Greek government sef start build new Acropolis Museum, wey dem open for 2009.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Museum history|url=https://www.theacropolismuseum.gr/en/museum-history|access-date=8 January 2023|website=The Acropolis Museum}}</ref> Dis museum dey try arrange di Parthenon sculptures wey still dey survive (including di ones wey Elgin get) as dem be when dem dey for di Parthenon, plus to reply people wey talk say di Elgin Marbles go be better preserved and displayed if dem dey for British Museum.<ref>Beard (2002). pp. 176, 184</ref> Acropolis Museum dey showcase small part of di frieze wey remain (around 30% don lost or spoil), dem place am how e suppose be, make e fit see Parthenon well. Di position of de elements wey dey London dey clearly marked with white casts, plus dem leave space for where di sculptures no dey again.<ref name="acrop museum2">{{Cite web|title=The Frieze &#124; Acropolis Museum|url=https://www.theacropolismuseum.gr/en/content/frieze-0|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206111947/https://www.theacropolismuseum.gr/en/content/frieze-0|archive-date=6 December 2020|access-date=19 August 2018|website=www.theacropolismuseum.gr}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Herman|first=Alexander|url=|title=The Parthenon Marbles Dispute|publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing|Bloomsbury]]|year=2023|isbn=978-1509967179|edition=|place=London|pages=75–76|author-link=}}</ref> For 2013, Greek government shout make UNESCO help dem talk with British people about how dem go return di marbles, but British government plus British Museum no gree listen to UNESCO. Fast forward to 2021, UNESCO don tlak say British government suppose return di sculptures, e don call upon United Kingdom make dem open negotiations with Greece.<ref name="Report from the Select Committee of the House of Commons on the Earl of Elgin's Collection of Sculptured Marbles2" /> Late 2022, dem British and Greek people start talk about the future of di marbles again.<ref name=":202" /><ref name=":172" /> When dem ask British Culture Secretary, Michelle Donelan, about if dem go fit return di Marbles, she talk say: "I dey feel some of di points but I believe say e be very dangerous den slippy road to embark down",<ref name=":19">{{cite news|last1=Singh|first1=Anita|date=7 December 2022|title=Return of Elgin Marbles to Greece would be a 'dangerous and slippery road', warns Culture Secretary|work=Daily Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2022/12/06/return-elgin-marbles-greece-would-dangerous-slippery-road-warns/|access-date=7 December 2022}}</ref> she dey fear say if dem return dem, more cultural things wey dey for Britain go also need to go back to where dem come from. For November 2023, Prime Minister Rishi Sunak cancel meeting wey him wan do with Greek prime minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis sekof of wetin Mitsotakis talk about di marbles.<ref name="EM_1">{{cite news|last=Zakir-Hussain|first=Maryam|title=Elgin Marbles row erupts as Greek PM accuses Sunak of cancelling meeting at 11th hour|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/elgin-marbles-rishi-sunak-kyriakos-mitsotakis-b2454461.html|work=[[The Independent]]|date=28 November 2023|language=en-GB|access-date=29 November 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Zeffman|first1=Henry|last2=Jones|first2=Harrison|last3=Mason|first3=Chris|date=28 November 2023|title=Greece denies promising not to raise Parthenon Sculptures on UK visit|language=en-GB|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-67551732|access-date=28 November 2023}}</ref> ====== Rationale for returning to Athens ====== Dem wey dey argue say make dem return di marbles, dem mention legal, moral, culture, conservation and art reasons. Demma points include: * Dem marbles dey come from illegal way, or at least no unethical, so e good make dem return am to the owner wey get am.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1 April 2007|title=Parthenon Fragments Won't Go Back Home|url=http://www.elginism.com/20070401/702/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615183515/http://www.elginism.com/20070401/702/|archive-date=15 June 2009|access-date=20 January 2009|publisher=Elginism}}</ref> * Di marbles dey carry universal cultural value, but dem too be part of Greece unique cultural heritage, plus dis place na di best spot make dem showcase am.<ref name="Beard 2002. pp. 177–181" /> * Di Parthenon sculptures wey dey all over di world suppose come together make dem fit restore di 'organic elements' wey 'now dey without any connection, uniformity plus history of di monument wey dem belong to' plus make visitors fit enjoy dem as one whole.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hellenic Ministry of Culture, Special Issues|url=http://odysseus.culture.gr/a/1/12/ea121.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017204203/http://odysseus.culture.gr/a/1/12/ea121.html|archive-date=17 October 2007}}</ref><ref name="Nicoletta Divari-Valakou 20082">Nicoletta Divari-Valakou, (Director of the Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities of Athens), "Revisiting the Parthenon: National Heritage in the Age of Globalism" in Mille Gabriel & Jens Dahl, (eds.) Utimut : past heritage&nbsp;– future partnerships, discussions on repatriation in the 21st Century, Copenhagen : International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs and Greenland National Museum & Archives, (2008)</ref><ref name="European Parliament Resolution for the return of the Elgin Marbles2">{{Cite news|title=European Parliament Resolution for the return of the Elgin Marbles|publisher=Greek Ministry of Culture|url=http://odysseus.culture.gr/a/1/12/ga123_3.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304230217/http://odysseus.culture.gr/a/1/12/ga123_3.html|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> * If we fit show all di Parthenon Marbles wey dey around for dia original history and culture place, plus other Greek old things, e go help people sabi dem better and understand wetin dem be.<ref name="Nicoletta Divari-Valakou 20082" /><ref name="Who owns the marbles? The debate hits Sydney2">{{Cite news|title=Debate of the Elgin Marbles|publisher=University of Sydney|url=http://sydney.edu.au/senate/documents/History/Elgin_marbles_articles.pdf}}</ref> * Dem go keep the marbles safe for Acropolis Museum, e get beta technology wey go protect and preserve de exhibits well well.<ref name=":022">{{cite web|title=Bernard Tschumi Architects|url=http://www.arcspace.com/architects/Tschumi/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928051614/http://www.arcspace.com/architects/Tschumi/|archive-date=28 September 2007|work=arcspace.com}}</ref> * De Elgin Marbles don chop serious wahala from bad conservation plus accidents for London, e nor sure say dem go de better preserved there.<ref>Beard (2002). pp. 166–178</ref> * If dem return Parthenon sculptures, e no go set any standard for other things wey people dey claim back, because Parthenon get special 'universal value' way e different.<ref>Nicoletta Divari-Valakou, (Director of the Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities of Athens), "Revisiting the Parthenon: National Heritage in the Age of Globalism" in Mille Gabriel & Jens Dahl, (eds.) Utimut : past heritage&nbsp;– future partnerships, discussions on repatriation in the 21st Century, Copenhagen : International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs and Greenland National Museum & Archives, (2008) passim; (see also [http://www.natmus.gl/con2007/pdf/Concluding_summary_Nuuk_2007_revised.pdf Conference summary] )</ref> ===== Rationale wey de remain insyde London ===== Plenty people dey talk wetin dem tink, like scholars, British leaders plus British Museum, about why dem go keep Elgin Marbles for London.<ref name="newsweek stones22" /> Dem talk say: * Elgin buy de marbles correct way, plus no court go side with any Greek wey dey complain.<ref>Jenkins (2016). p 99</ref><ref>Herman (2023), chapter 3.</ref> * Elgin save de marbles from wahala, and the ones wey dey British Museum dey better pass the ones wey dem leave behind. British Museum get right to keep and show wetin dem preserve from destruction.<ref name="guardian faq2">{{cite news|last=King|first=Dorothy|date=21 July 2004|title=Elgin Marbles: fact or fiction?|newspaper=The Guardian|location=London|url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2004/jul/21/highereducation.parthenon|access-date=25 June 2009}}</ref> * E no go fit bring all di Parthenon sculptures together as one, cause half don lost or destroy by 1800.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Parthenon Sculptures, the Trustees' statement|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/about-us/british-museum-story/contested-objects-collection/parthenon-sculptures/parthenon|access-date=9 January 2023|website=The British Museum}}</ref> * British Museum dey show di marbles beta as dem fit mix with odas big ancient cultures, e go show di whole picture wey Acropolis Museum dey provide.<ref name=":212" /> * If we go fulfill all di restitution claims, e go scatter plenty of di big museums for di world – dis one dey make some European and American museums dey fear, and one wahala fit be di Nefertiti Bust wey dey for Berlin's Neues Museum; plus, plenty other European museums dey hold some parts of di Parthenon marbles too.<ref name="guardian faq2" /> * British Museum dey collect like 6 million people every year, while Acropolis Museum get only 1.5 million visitors. If dem carry di marbles go Greece, e go seriously cut down how many people fit see di marbles.<ref>{{cite news|last=Trend|first=Nick|date=5 June 2018|title=Why returning the Elgin Marbles would be madness|website=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/comment/why-returning-the-elgin-marbles-would-be-madness/|url-status=live|url-access=subscription|access-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/comment/why-returning-the-elgin-marbles-would-be-madness/|archive-date=12 January 2022}}</ref> * Elgin Marbles don dey show for public for England since 1807<ref name="Jenkins 2016. p. 102" /> plus e don turn part of British cultural heritage.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Merryman paper|url=https://law.wustl.edu/harris/Conferences/imperialism/Merryman_PAPER_FINALelgin2.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422040718/https://law.wustl.edu/harris/Conferences/imperialism/Merryman_PAPER_FINALelgin2.pdf|archive-date=22 April 2018|access-date=20 August 2018}}</ref> ===== Public campaigns for return ===== Biko, outside Greece, di campaign wey wan bring back di marbles start for 1981 when dem form di International Organising Committee – Australia – for di Restitution of di Parthenon Marbles,<ref>{{Cite web|date=13 January 2016|title=Committee History|url=https://iocarpm.wordpress.com/about-2/committee-history/|access-date=10 January 2023|website=International Organising Committee – Australia for the Restitution of the Parthenon Marbles}}</ref> Den for 1983, dem form di British Committee for di Reunification of di Parthenon Marbles.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Who We Are|url=https://www.parthenonuk.com/about-bcrpm/who-we-are|access-date=10 January 2023|website=The British Committee for the Reunification of the Parthenon Marbles}}</ref> Plenty campaign groups de exist for Greece plus everywhere insyde de world too.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bring Them Back|url=http://www.bringthemback.org|access-date=17 April 2010}}</ref> Plenty British and international stars like comedian Stephen Fry<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sanderson|first=David|date=30 May 2022|title=Stephen Fry: Be classy and return the Elgin Marbles|url=https://www.thetimes.com/culture/art/article/stephen-fry-be-classy-and-return-the-elgin-marbles-mj2zmxgrj|url-access=subscription|access-date=31 May 2022|work=[[The Times]]|language=en|issn=0140-0460|quote=He said the return of the statues from Britain "would be an act that uses a word that we haven't been able to use of Britain's acts lately, much: it would be classy".}}</ref> plus actors Liam Neeson den George Clooney,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Harris|first=Gareth|date=8 March 2021|title=George Clooney wades into Parthenon Marbles debate – again|url=https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2021/03/08/george-clooney-wades-into-parthenon-marbles-debateagain|access-date=10 January 2023|work=The Art Newspaper}}</ref> don talk say dem dey support make dem bring back di marbles.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Herman|first=Alexander|title=The Parthenon Marbles Dispute: Heritage, Law, Politics|publisher=Bloomsbury|year=2023|isbn=9781509967179|location=London|pages=4, 78–80|postscript=. Note: In addition to Fry, Neeson and Clooney, Herman also cites Tom Hanks, Judi Dench, Vanessa Redgrave, Ian McKellen, and Joanna Lumley as prominent supporters of the campaign.}}</ref> ===== Opinion polls ===== One Ipsos MORI poll wey dem do for Britain in 1998 show say 39% dem want make dem send the marbles go Greece, and 15% want make dem dey for Britain; 45% nobody get mind or go fit vote if dem ask am for referendum.<ref name="autogenerated12">{{cite web|title=Public and MPs would return the Elgin Marbles!|url=http://www.ipsos-mori.com/researchpublications/researcharchive/poll.aspx?oItemId=2001|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126092318/http://www.ipsos-mori.com/researchpublications/researcharchive/poll.aspx?oItemId=2001|archive-date=26 January 2013|work=ipsos-mori.com}}</ref> Another Mori poll wey dem do for 2002 show same kind results.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Return Of The Parthenon Marbles|url=http://www.ipsos-mori.com/researchpublications/researcharchive/poll.aspx?oItemId=1053|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140409021725/http://www.ipsos-mori.com/researchpublications/researcharchive/poll.aspx?oItemId=1053|archive-date=9 April 2014|access-date=18 June 2012|publisher=Ipsos MORI}}</ref> One YouGov poll for 2021 come show say 59% of Britons believe say the Parthenon marbles suppose dey for Greece, 18% say make dem dey for Britain, and 18% no sabi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Parthenon Marbles are a collection of Ancient Greek sculptures that were removed from the Acropolis in Athens from 1801–12 (when Greece was ruled by the Ottoman Empire) and have been on display in the British Museum since 1817. The Greek government has requested their permanent return, but the British Museum has refused. Where do you believe the Parthenon Marbles belong? &#124; Daily Question|url=https://yougov.co.uk/topics/travel/survey-results/daily/2021/11/23/9b053/2|website=yougov.co.uk}}</ref> ===== British press ===== De Guardian drop one write-up for 2020 wey dem dey back de Parthenon marbles make dem come back.<ref>{{Cite news|date=23 February 2020|title=The Guardian view on the Parthenon marbles: not just a Brexit sideshow|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/feb/23/the-guardian-view-on-the-parthenon-marbles-not-just-a-brexit-sideshow|access-date=8 January 2023|work=The Guardian}}</ref> For January 2022, De Times change their mind wey dem don dey support make dem keep de marbles, put out one write-up wey dey call make dem return am go Greece.<ref>{{Cite news|date=11 January 2022|title=The Times view on the Elgin Marbles: Uniting Greece's Heritage|url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/europe/article/the-times-view-on-the-elgin-marbles-uniting-greeces-heritage-spdz5vz6k|access-date=8 January 2023|work=The Times}}</ref> De Daily Telegraph come publish one write-up for January 2023 wey dey talk say any decision wey concern de Elgin Marbles make dem return to Greece, e go fit be British parliament wey go decide am.<ref>{{Cite news|date=6 January 2023|title=The fate of the Elgin marbles can't be George Osborne's choice|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/2023/01/06/fate-elgin-marbles-cant-george-osbornes-choice/|access-date=8 January 2023|work=The Telegraph}}</ref> ====== British Museum Act 1963 ====== De British Museum Act 1963<ref>{{cite web|title=British Museum Act 1963, as amended|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1963/24/contents|access-date=27 August 2023|website=legislation.gov.uk}}</ref> be law wey UK Parliament make wey no allow British Museum sell dem things, unless e get some special case. If dem wan change de law, Parliament go need approve am. == Loans plus copies == De British Museum don make plaster casts of di marbles and dey share am to plenty museums around di whole world.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":7" /> For 2022, Institute of Digital Archaeology (IDA) wey dey Oxford ask British Museum make dem scan di Parthenon marbles to fit make robot-chop marble copies. But di museum no gree for di request, and di Greek government no wan talk anything about di project.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|date=8 July 2022|title=The Robot Guerrilla Campaign to Recreate the Elgin Marbles|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/08/science/elgin-marbles-3d-print.html/|access-date=19 August 2023|work=New York Times}}</ref> British Museum don lend river-god figure, wey fit be Ilisus, go Hermitage Museum for Saint Petersburg as dem dey celebrate 250 years.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Loan to the State Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg|url=http://blog.britishmuseum.org/2014/12/05/loan-of-a-parthenon-sculpture-to-the-hermitage-a-marble-ambassador-of-a-european-ideal/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231192906/http://blog.britishmuseum.org/2014/12/05/loan-of-a-parthenon-sculpture-to-the-hermitage-a-marble-ambassador-of-a-european-ideal/|archive-date=31 December 2014|access-date=8 December 2014|publisher=britishmuseum.org}}</ref> E dey show for there from 6 December 2014 to 18 January 2015. Dis na di first time wey British Museum lend part of Parthenon Marbles, and e cause some controversy.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/06/world/europe/elgin-marbles-lent-to-hermitage-museum.html?_r=0|title=Greek Statue Travels Again, but Not to Greece|newspaper=www.nytimes.com|date=5 December 2014|access-date=8 December 2014|last1=Erlanger|first1=Steven}}</ref> British Museum talk say dem dey open to lend dem marbles go Greece, but Greek government no wan agree to di standard clause wey go accept say British Museum get di ownership of any loan items.<ref name=":9" /> == Check am too == * [[:en:Pedimental_sculpture|Pedimental sculpture]] * [[:en:Palermo_Fragment|Palermo Fragment]] * [[:en:Greece–United_Kingdom_relations|Greece–United Kingdom relations]] * [[:en:Las_Incantadas|Las Incantadas]], portico taken from [[:en:Thessaloniki|Thessaloniki]] * [[:en:Caryatids_of_Eleusis|Saint Demetra]], sculpture taken from [[:en:Eleusis|Eleusis]] == References == <references /> ==Sources== * {{cite book |author-link= |first=Mary |last=Beard |title=The Parthenon |url=https://archive.org/details/parthenon0000mbea|publisher=Profile Books |edition=2nd |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-84668-349-7}} * {{cite book |first=Alexander |last=Herman |title=The Parthenon Marbles Dispute |publisher=Bloomsbury |place=London|edition= |year=2023 |isbn=978-1509967179 |url=https://www.bloomsbury.com/uk/parthenon-marbles-dispute-9781509967179/}} * {{Cite book |first=Tiffany |last=Jenkins |author-link= |title=Keeping Their Marbles: How the Treasures of the Past Ended Up in Museums{{nbsp}}... and Why They Should Stay There |place=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=2016 |isbn=978-0-19-965759-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/keepingtheirmarb0000jenk}} * {{cite book |first=William |last=St Clair |author-link= |title=Lord Elgin and the Marbles |url=https://archive.org/details/lordelginmarbles0000stcl |publisher=Oxford University Press |place=Oxford |edition=4th |year=1998 |isbn=0-19-288053-5}} * {{cite book |author-link= |first=Catharine |last=Titi |title=The Parthenon Marbles and International Law |publisher=Springer |edition= |year=2023 |isbn=978-3-031-26356-9}} * {{cite journal |last1=Williams |first1=Dyfri |title=Lord Elgin's firman |url=https://archive.org/details/journal-of-the-history-of-collections_2009_21_1/page/49 |journal=Journal of the History of Collections |date=7 January 2009 |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=49–76 |doi=10.1093/jhc/fhn033}} ==Read further== * {{cite magazine |first=Marc |last=Fehlmann |url=http://www.apollo-magazine.com/june-2007/63335/casts-and-connoisseurs.thtml |title=Casts and Connoisseurs: the early reception of the Elgin Marbles |magazine=Apollo |date=June 2007 |pages=44–51 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120506011222/http://www.apollo-magazine.com/june-2007/63335/casts-and-connoisseurs.thtml |archive-date=6 May 2012}} * {{cite book |first=Jeanette |last=Greenfield |title=The Return of Cultural Treasures |url=https://archive.org/details/returnofcultural0000gree |publisher=Cambridge University Press |place=Cambridge |edition=3rd |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-521-80216-1}} * {{cite book |first=Christopher |last=Hitchens |author-link= |title=Imperial Spoils: The Curious Case of the Elgin Marbles |publisher=Chatto & Windus |place=London |isbn=978-0-8090-4189-3 |year=1987 |title-link=}} (with essays by Robert Browning and Graham Binns) * {{cite book |first=Ian |last=Jenkins |title=The Parthenon Frieze |publisher=British Museum Press |location=London |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-7141-2200-7}} * {{cite book|last=King|first=Dorothy|title=The Elgin Marbles|url=https://archive.org/details/elginmarbles0000king|title-link=|date=2006|publisher=Hutchinson Heinemann|isbn=978-0-09-180013-0|place=London|author-link=}} * {{cite book|last=Queyrel|first=François|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080929162206/http://www.editions-bartillat.fr/fiche-livre.asp?Clef=281|title=Le Parthénon, Un monument dans l'Histoire|publisher=Éditions Bartillat|year=2008|isbn=978-2-84100-435-5|location=Paris|access-date=24 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080929162206/https://web.archive.org/web/20080929162206/http://www.editions-bartillat.fr/fiche-livre.asp?Clef=281|archive-date=29 September 2008|url-status=dead}} * {{cite book|last=Stallings|first=A. E.|title=Frieze Frame: How Poets, Painters, and their Friends Framed the Debate Around Elgin and the Marbles of the Parthenon|date=2025|publisher=Paul Dry Books|isbn=9781589882003|place=Philadelphia}} == External links == {{Commons}} {{Library resources box |by=no |onlinebooks=yes |others=yes |about=yes |label=Elgin Marbles |viaf= |lccn= |lcheading= |wikititle=}} <!--======================== {{No more links}} ============================ | PLEASE BE CAUTIOUS IN ADDING MORE LINKS TO THIS ARTICLE. Wikipedia | | is not a collection of links nor should it be used for advertising. | | | | Excessive or inappropriate links WILL BE DELETED. | | See [[Wikipedia:External links]] & [[Wikipedia:Spam]] for details. | | | | If there are already plentiful links, please propose additions or | | replacements on this article's discussion page, or submit your link | | to the relevant category at the Open Directory Project (dmoz.org) | | and link back to that category using the {{dmoz}} template. | ==={{No more links}}=========--> *[http://www.theacropolismuseum.gr/?pname=Home&la=2 Acropolis Museum] *[http://www.parthenonfrieze.gr/ The Parthenon Frieze] *[https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/galleries/ancient_greece_and_rome/rooms_18,_18a,_18b_parthenon.aspx The British Museum Parthenon pages] ===Pros den cons of restitution=== <!--======================== {{No more links}} ============================ | PLEASE BE CAUTIOUS IN ADDING MORE LINKS TO THIS ARTICLE. Wikipedia | | is not a collection of links nor should it be used for advertising. | | | | Excessive or inappropriate links WILL BE DELETED. | | See [[Wikipedia:External links]] & [[Wikipedia:Spam]] for details. | | | | If there are already plentiful links, please propose additions or | | replacements on this article's discussion page, or submit your link | | to the relevant category at the Open Directory Project (dmoz.org) | | and link back to that category using the {{dmoz}} template. | ===={{No more links}}==========--> *[http://www.parthenonuk.com/ British Committee for the Reunification of the Parthenon Marbles' site] *[https://parthenonproject.co.uk/#overview The Parthenon Project] *[https://classicsforall.org.uk/reading-room/ad-familiares/case-lord-elgin "The Case for Lord Elgin," Classics for All] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20040814225306/http://prometheus.cc.emory.edu/panels/5E/G.Wood.html Gillen Wood, "The strange case of Lord Elgin's nose"]: the cultural context of the early 19th century debate over the marbles, the politics & the aesthetics, imperialism and hellenism *[https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm199900/cmselect/cmcumeds/371/371ap20.htm Two memorandums submitted to the UK Parliamentary Select Committee on Culture, Media and Sport in 2000.] *[https://aothenmagazine.com/#torrettamarbles "Keeping our share", Aothen Magazine]: Argues for the dismissal of the Greek claim, and for retaining the Marbles as part of cultural history. {{Authority control}} [[Category:Elgin Marbles| ]] [[Category:5th-century BC Greek sculptures]] [[Category:Parthenon]] [[Category:Art den cultural repatriation]] [[Category:Greece–United Kingdom relations]] [[Category:Ancient Greek den Roman sculptures insyd de British Museum]] [[Category:History of museums]] [[Category:History of Athens]] [[Category:Marble sculptures insyd de United Kingdom]] [[Category:Sculptures by Phidias]] [[Category:Greek artifacts outsyd Greece]] [[Category:19th century insyd Athens]] [[Category:Horses insyd art]] [[Category:Architectural sculpture]] [[Category:Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin]] [[Category:Sculptures of Dionysus]] 8y33k27c53cb72r0c0n5gm70rkaklo3 0 16741 112486 67515 2026-09-25T00:57:27Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112486 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Genre''' (wey be French word wey mean ‘kind’ or ‘type’)<ref>[[mwod:genre|"genre"]]. ''[[:en:Merriam-Webster|Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary]]''. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 2022-09-22.</ref> na any kind style or way wey people dey use take communicate, whether na writing, talking, digital things, art or anything like that, wey people for society agree say e get rules or pattern wey dem dey follow.<ref>Devitt, Amy J. (2015), Heilker, Paul; Vandenberg, Peter (eds.), [http://www.upcolorado.com/utah-state-university-press/item/2711-keywords-in-writing-studies "Genre"], ''Keywords in Writing Studies'', Utah State University Press, pp. 82–87, [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.7330/9780874219746.c017|10.7330/9780874219746.c017]], [[:en:ISBN_(identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-87421-974-6|978-0-87421-974-6]]</bdi>, [https://web.archive.org/web/20201130021352/https://upcolorado.com/utah-state-university-press/item/2711-keywords-in-writing-studies archived] from the original on 2020-11-30, retrieved 2021-02-04</ref> For everyday life, genre dey show us different categories like book, music, film or art based on style.<ref>Miller, Carolyn R. (1984). ""Genre as Social Action"". ''Quarterly Journal of Speech''. '''70''' (2): 151–167. [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.1080/00335638409383686|10.1080/00335638409383686]].</ref> Many times, one work fit enter more than one genre because e dey mix or borrow from different ones. One piece of work fit get e own unique style, but genre na like the combination of works wey follow some common rules people sabi. Some genres get strong rules dem no dey break, others dey more free. If you use the correct genre, e go make your message land well (we dey call am media-adequacy).<ref>Giessen, Hans W (2015). "Media-Based Learning Methodology: Stories, Games, and Emotions". In Ally, Mohamed; Khan, Badrul H. (eds.). International Handbook of E-Learning Volume 2: Implementation and Case Studies. Routledge, 43-54.</ref> The matter about genre start long time ago when one Greek philosopher Aristotle come write about am for him book "Poetics".<ref>Aristotle (2000), Butcher, S. H. (ed.), ''[http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/poetics.html Poetics]'', Internet Classics Archive, [https://web.archive.org/web/20141229090601/http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/poetics.html archived] from the original on 2014-12-29, retrieved 2021-04-27</ref> For ein time, e divide literature into poetry (like odes and epics), prose, and drama, and say each one get the kind content wey fit am. Like say, the kind talk for comedy no fit suit tragedy, and even actors dem no dey cross genre because dem believe say different people sabi act different stories best. Today, we dey call the academic study of genre ‘genre theory’ or ‘genre studies’. Genre no remain static; e dey change as people and audience dey change.<ref>Todorov, Tzvetan (1976), ""The Origins of Genre"", ''New Literary History'', '''8''' (1): 159–170, [[:en:Doi_(identifier)|doi]]:[[doi:10.2307/468619|10.2307/468619]], [[:en:JSTOR_(identifier)|JSTOR]] [https://www.jstor.org/stable/468619 468619]</ref> E be like tool wey help people understand life and express their feelings when things hard or confuse. Because art dey reflect wetin dey happen around us, genre too must learn how to change so e fit talk the new meaning of life. One scholar from another part of the world, Alireza Kaveh, bring new idea come — e talk say genre no be the same as style, format, medium or tradition, and e divide cinematic works into five categories wey e call Cinematic Taxonomy. == References == <references /> == External links == ==External links== {{sister project links||d=Q483394|c=Category:MzGee|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=genre|species=no}} {{Library resources box |by=no |onlinebooks=no |others=no |about=yes |label=Genre }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100121042623/http://www.imdb.com/Sections/Genres/ Genres of film] at the Internet Movie Database * [https://www.ericdigests.org/1994/genres.htm Helping Children Understand Literary Genres] [https://web.archive.org/web/20211016162540/https://www.ericdigests.org/1994/genres.htm Archived] 2021-10-16 at the Wayback Machine * [https://rhetorica.net/genre.htm Rhetorica Genre] [https://web.archive.org/web/20210224051324/https://rhetorica.net/genre.htm Archived] 2021-02-24 at the Wayback Machine * [https://www.museum.tv/eotvsection.php?entrycode=genre Museum of Broadcast Communications] [https://web.archive.org/web/20130514064018/http://www.museum.tv/eotvsection.php?entrycode=genre Archived] 2013-05-14 at the Wayback Machine * [https://dictionary.reference.com/browse/genre Dictionary.com] [[Category:Genres| ]] [[Category:Narratology]] [[Category:Theme]] rokern77ho5m0lvr0byxgjiszuil0f9 0 17138 112437 108581 2026-09-24T23:28:05Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112437 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Na de '''''Act Against Slavery''''' be an anti-slavery law dem pass on July 9, 1793, insyd de second legislative session of Upper Canada, de colonial division of British North America wey go eventually cam be Ontario.<ref>[[:en:Act_Against_Slavery#CITEREFHistorica-Dominion_Institutenda|Historica-Dominion Institute nda]].</ref> Na e ban de importation of slaves wey na e mandate dat kiddies dem born henceforth to female slaves go be freed upon reaching de age of 25. == Synopsis == Na John Graves Simcoe, Lieutenant Governor of de colony, be a supporter of abolition before na he cam to Upper Canada; as a British Member of Parliament, na he describe slavery as an offence against Christianity.<ref name=":0">[[:en:Act_Against_Slavery#CITEREFArchives_of_Ontario2011a|Archives of Ontario 2011a]].</ref><ref name=":2">[[:en:Act_Against_Slavery#CITEREFBode1993|Bode 1993]].</ref> By 1792 na de slave population insyd Upper Canada no be large. However, wen na dem compare plus de number of free settlers, na de number no be insignificant. Insyd York (de present-day city of Toronto) na der be 15 African-Canadians wey dey live, while insyd Quebec na dem fi find sam 1,000 slaves. Furthermore, by de time na de Act Against Slavery go be ratified, na de number of slaves wey dey reside insyd Upper Canada significantly increased by de arrival of Loyalist refugees from de south wey na dem bring servants den slaves.<ref>[[:en:Act_Against_Slavery#CITEREFWilsonnd|Wilson nd]].</ref> At de inaugural meeting of de Executive Council of Upper Canada insyd March 1793, na Simcoe hear from a witness de story of Chloe Cooley, a female slave wey na she be violently removed from Canada for sale insyd de [[United States]]. Na Simcoe ein desire make he abolish slavery insyd Upper Canada be resisted by members of de Legislative Assembly wey na dem own slaves, den therefore na de resulting act be a compromise.<ref name=":0" /> De bulk of de text be due to John White, de Attorney General of de day. Of de 16 members of de assembly, at least na six own slaves.<ref name=":1">[[:en:Act_Against_Slavery#CITEREFTaylor2010|Taylor 2010]].</ref> De law, dem title ''An Act to Prevent the further Introduction of Slaves and to limit the Term of Contracts for Servitude within this Province'', state dat while all slaves insyd de province go remain dem enslave til death, no new slaves go be brought into Upper Canada, den kiddies dem born to female slaves after passage of de act go be freed at de age of 25.<ref>[[:en:Act_Against_Slavery#CITEREFCBC_Newsnd|CBC News nd]].</ref> Na dis law make Upper Canada "de first jurisdiction insyd de British Empire to pass a law freeing slaves".<ref name=":1" /><ref>[[:en:Act_Against_Slavery#CITEREFJean2007|Jean 2007]].</ref> De act remain in force til de British Parliament ein [[Slavery Abolition Act 1833]] dem abolish slavery insyd chaw parts of de British Empire. ==Aftermath== Insyd 1798, na Christopher Robinson introduce a bill insyd de Legislative Assembly make e allow de importation of additional slaves. Na dem pass de bill by de Assembly, buh na e be stalled by de Legislative Council wey na e die at de end of de session.<ref name=":2" /> Na thousands of Black Canadians volunteer make dem serve insyd de War of 1812. Insyd 1819, na Attorney General John Robinson (son of Christopher) declare dat by residing insyd Canada, na dem set black residents free, den dat Canadian courts go protect dema freedom.<ref>[[:en:Act_Against_Slavery#CITEREFArchives_of_Ontario2011|Archives of Ontario 2011]].</ref><ref>[[:en:Act_Against_Slavery#CITEREFHistorica-Dominion_Institutend|Historica-Dominion Institute nd]].</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov.on.ca/en/explore/online/alvin_mccurdy/settlement.aspx|title=From Slavery to Settlement|series=The Alvin D. McCurdy Collection|work=Archives of Ontario|date=28 December 2011|accessdate=19 March 2011|ref={{SfnRef|Archives of Ontario|2011}}|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130214020850/http://www.archives.gov.on.ca/en/explore/online/alvin_mccurdy/settlement.aspx|archivedate=14 February 2013}} See Archives of Ontario * {{cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov.on.ca/en/explore/online/slavery/index.aspx|title=Enslaved Africans in Upper Canada|series=Slavery|work=Archives of Ontario|date=28 December 2011a|accessdate=19 March 2011|ref={{SfnRef|Archives of Ontario|2011a}}|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130104050050/http://www.archives.gov.on.ca/en/explore/online/slavery/index.aspx|archive-date=2013-01-04|url-status=dead}} See Archives of Ontario * {{cite book|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/interactives/tl-slaveryincanada/ |title=Slavery in Canada |author=CBC News Interactive |accessdate=2010-11-20 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110120005727/http://www.cbc.ca/news/interactives/tl-slaveryincanada/ |archivedate=20 January 2011 |url-status=live |ref={{SfnRef|CBC News|nd}} }} * {{cite journal |journal=The Beaver |last=Bode |first=Patrick |title=Simcoe and the slaves |page=17 |volume=73 |issue=3 |date=June 1993}} * {{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206183457/http://blackhistorycanada.ca/timeline.php?id=1800|series=Black History in Canada|work=Historica–Dominion Institute|title=Timeline 1800–1900: From Slavery to Settlement|date=nd|accessdate=19 March 2011|ref={{SfnRef|Historica-Dominion Institute|nd}}|archive-date=6 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206183457/https://web.archive.org/web/20071206183457/http://blackhistorycanada.ca/timeline.php?id=1800|url-status=dead}} See The Historica Dominion Institute, a series with Rosemary Sadlier, President, Ontario Black History Society as writer-consultant. * {{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706165957/http://blackhistorycanada.ca/topic.php?id=112&themeid=1|series=Black History Canada|work=Historica–Dominion Institute|accessdate=2010-11-20|title=Abolition of Slavery|date=nda|ref={{SfnRef|Historica-Dominion Institute|nda}}|archive-date=6 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706165957/https://web.archive.org/web/20110706165957/http://blackhistorycanada.ca/topic.php?id=112&themeid=1|url-status=dead}} * {{cite web|last=Michaëlle|first=Jean|title=Her Excellency the Right Honourable Michaëlle Jean Speech on the Occasion of the Student Forum: "From the Abolition of the Slave Trade to the Elimination of Racial Discrimination"|date=21 June 2007|accessdate=12 December 2022|url=https://www.canada.ca/en/news/archive/2007/03/speech-her-excellency-right-honourable-michaelle-jean-governor-general-canada-occasion-student-forum-abolition-slave-trade-elimination-racial-discrimination-.html|url-status=live|ref={{SfnRef|Jean|2007}}}} * {{cite book|title=The Civil War of 1812: American Citizens, British Subjects, Irish Rebels, & Indian Allies|url=https://archive.org/details/civilwarof1812am0000tayl|url-status=live|last=Taylor|first=Alan|at=Chapter 2, Location 964|publisher=Alfred A. Knopf|isbn=978-1-4000-4265-4|oclc=503042145|date=2010|location=New York|via=Kindle}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.uppercanadahistory.ca/lluc/lluc3.html|title=Early Canada Historical Narratives: an Act to Prevent the Further Introduction of Slaves|date=nd|accessdate=19 March 2014|first=William R. |last=Wilson|series=Upper Canada History}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q20100936|c=no|q=no|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=Upper Canadian Act Against Slavery|wikt=no|species=no}} [[Category:1793 insyd law]] [[Category:Legal history of Canada]] [[Category:Upper Canada]] [[Category:Slavery insyd Canada]] [[Category:History of Black people insyd Canada]] [[Category:Abolitionism insyd North America]] [[Category:Canadian legislation]] [[Category:Slavery legislation]] [[Category:1793 insyd Upper Canada]] [[Category:1793 insyd British law]] [[Category:18th century insyd slavery]] jq6y6y1wtp08lp08mpkw3kew7z9wr22 0 17232 112574 82057 2026-09-25T03:06:37Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112574 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Vagla''' be one Gurunsi (Gur) language for Ghana, wey about 14,000 people dey speak. Dem dey speak am for sam communities for de western side of Northern Region, Ghana. Sam of de communities be Bole, Sawla, Tuna, Soma, Gentilpe, plus Nakwabi. De people wey dey speak dis language dem dey call dem Vaglas. Dem be one of de local tribes for dat side of Northern Region. British Colonial masters take put dem under Gonja local rule wey dem call 'Gonjaland' thru dema Centralised System of Governance. == Festivals celebrated by de vagle people == De festival de celebrated by the vagle peple, salfba, choruba and the nomime . ==Phonology== ===Consonants=== {| class="wikitable" |+Consonants<ref name=":1">[[:en:Vagla_language#CITEREFBlench2003|Blench 2003]], p. 18.</ref> ! colspan="2" | !Labial !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Labial- velar !Glottal |- ! rowspan="2" |Plosive !<small>voiceless</small> |p |t |c |k |kp | |- !<small>voiced</small> |b |d |ɟ |g |gb | |- ! colspan="2" |Nasal |m |n |ɲ |ŋ |ŋm | |- ! rowspan="2" |Fricative !<small>voiceless</small> |f |s | | | |h |- !<small>voiced</small> |v |z | | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Approximant | |l |j | |w | |} === Vowels === {| class="wikitable" |+Vowels<ref name=":1" /> ! !Front !Central !Back |- !Close |i | |u |- !Close-mid |ɪ | |ʊ |- !Mid |e | |o |- !Open-mid |ɛ |(ʌ) |ɔ |- !Open | |a | |} * Blench dey use /ʌ/, wich dem describe as a -ATR counterpart of /a/.<ref>[[:en:Vagla_language#CITEREFBlench2003|Blench 2003]], p. 18, citing [[:en:Vagla_language#CITEREFCrouchNaden1998|Crouch & Naden 1998]].</ref> * All vowels fi be long anaa short. Dem no dey treat two similar vowels as a long vowel secof tone patterns.<ref name=":0" /> === Tones === Vagla get four tones: rising, falling, den two level tones. E sanso get downstep. Nasals den laterals sanso fi carry tones.<ref name=":0" /> == Orthography == Vagla dey use ⟨i⟩ make e represent both /i/ den /ɪ/, wey e dey use ⟨u⟩ make e represent /u/ den /ʊ/.<ref name=":0">[[:en:Vagla_language#CITEREFBlench2003|Blench 2003]], p. 19.</ref> Nasalization be represented by a following ⟨h⟩, e.g., ''sɛɛ'' 'to agree' den ''sɛɛh'' 'to carve'.<ref name=":0" /> == References == <references /> == External links == * {{cite journal |last=Blench |first=Roger |author-link= |journal=Cahiers Voltaïques |volume=6 |year=2003 |pages=17–31 |title=Plural verb morphology in Vagla |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150420033942/http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Niger-Congo/Gur/Vagla%20plural%20verbs.pdf |access-date=2024-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150420033942/http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Niger-Congo/Gur/Vagla%20plural%20verbs.pdf |archive-date=2015-04-20 |url-status=live}} * {{cite journal |last1=Crouch |first1=Marjory |first2=Anthony |last2=Naden |year=1998 |journal=Gur Papers |issue=Special issue I |location=Bayreuth |publisher=University of Bayreuth |title=A semantically-based grammar of Vagla |oclc=174505065}} ==Read further== * {{Cite journal |last=Crouch |first=Marjory |year=1985 |title=A note on syllable and tone in Vagla verbs |url=https://journalofwestafricanlanguages.org/downloads/download/43-volume1502/188-a-note-on-syllable-and-tone-in-vagla-verbs |journal=Journal of West African Languages |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=29–40}} * {{Cite book |last=Crouch |first=Marjory |title=Vagla English/English Vagla Dictionary |last2=Herbert |first2=Patricia |publisher=GILBTT |year=1982 |location=Tamale |oclc=10071447}} * {{Cite book |last=Crouch |first=Marjory |title=Phonology of Vagla |last2=Smiles |first2=Nancy |publisher=Institute of African Studies |year=1966 |series=Collected Language Notes |volume=4 |location=Legon}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Gurunsi languages]] [[Category:Languages wey dey Ghana]] k61oa1afbsjom1lr92jbswn30160id5 0 17233 112561 110690 2026-09-25T02:51:26Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112561 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bantu Stephen Biko''' OMSG (18 December 1946 – 12 September 1977) be South African wey fight against apartheid (anti-apartheid). Na he mind dey follow African nationalist den African socialist. For de late 1960s den 1970s insyd, na Biko be de frontliner for one big anti-apartheid movement wey dem dey call Black Consciousness Movement. Na ein ideas be articulated insyd a series of articles he publish under de pseudonym '''Frank Talk'''. Biko be Xhosa guy wey dem born for poor family insyd. Na he grow for one place dem dey call Ginsberg township for Eastern Cape. For 1966, he start dey learn medicine for [[University of Natal]], wey der na he join National Union of South African Students (NUSAS). But Biko no dey like de way apartheid system dey do de one wey white people dey rule den separate demaselves from black people (racial segregation). Na he bore say NUSAS den oda groups wey dey fight apartheid, white people dey control dem pass, even though na black people de thing dey worry pass. Biko believe say de white liberals, even though dem mean well, dem no dey understand how black people dey feel. Sometimes too, dem dey do like say dem be papa for black man matter. So he reason say make black people start to organise dema own thing wey no go depend on white man at all. Na so for 1968, he help start one new group dem dey call South African Students' Organisation (SASO). Dis group be strictly for “blacks” den wen Biko talk blacks, he no mean only Bantu (Bantu-speaking Africans) people oh, he add Coloureds den Indians insyd too. He make sure say white people no go control SASO, buh dat one no mean say he hate white people he still get white paddies wey no dey support hatred. At first, na de white-minority National Party government think say SASO be good for dem, secof e look like e dey promote dema idea of separation. Biko den ein people get influence from one Martinican philosopher dem call Frantz Fanon, plus de African-American Black Power movement. Dem take dat vibe build de Black Consciousness ideology for insyd SASO. Na de Movement fight make apartheid end, wey e make South Africa turn to place wey everybody go fit vote, plus make de economy run on socialist principles (universal suffrage den socialist economy). Dem start Black Community Programmes (BCPs) wey dey focus on how to build black man ein mind den give am power from insyd. Biko believe say black man for free einself from any mindset wey dey make e feel say e no reach na why e push de slogan "black is beautiful" make e enter everybody ein head. For 1972 insyd, na Biko help start de Black People's Convention (BPC), wey be to spread de Black Consciousness message go de whole black population. Buh government start see Biko like big wahala wey dey shake dem system. So for 1973, dem put ban on am wey mean say he no fit talk to people, travel anaa organise anything freely again. Even plus de ban, na Biko still dey active. He help run BCPs like health centre den crèche for Ginsberg. As time dey go, e start receive anonymous threats. Dem arrest am chaw times. De last one be August 1977 wey na dem arrest am, beat am bad, wey na he die insyd de hands of state security people. Na over 20,000 people show up for ein funeral. E pain plenty people. After Biko die, ein name spread go far. Plenty people do songs den artworks about am. One of ein close paddie, Donald Woods, wrep book about am for 1978, wey dat book be de inspiration behind the 1987 film ''Cry Freedom''. While Biko still dey alive, government talk say he hate white people. Some anti-apartheid activists say he be sexist, wey na sam African racial nationalists no like de way he join forces plus Coloureds den Indians. Buh still still, Biko turn one of de first strong faces for de fight against apartheid. People dey call am “Father of Black Consciousness” den dey see am like political martyr. Even till now, sam people still dey argue about ein political legacy e no be matter wey everybody dey agree on. [[Category:20th-century South African politicians]] == Biography == === Early life: 1946–1966 === Na dem born Bantu Stephen Biko on 18 December 1946, at ein grandmommie ein house insyd Tarkastad, Eastern Cape. De third kiddie of Mzingaye Mathew Biko den Alice 'Mamcete' Biko, na he get an older sisto, Bukelwa, an older brotho, Khaya, den a younger sisto, Nobandile. Na ein parents marry insyd Whittlesea, wer na ein poppie work as a police officer. Na dem transfer Mzingaye to Queenstown, Port Elizabeth, Fort Cox, den finally King William's Town, wer na he den Alice settle insyd Ginsberg township. Na dis be a settlement of around 800 families, plus every four families dey share a water supply den toilet. Na both Africans den Coloured people live insyd de township, wer na dem dey speak Xhosa, Afrikaans, den English all. After he resign from de police force, na Mzingaye work as a clerk insyd de King William's Town Native Affairs Office, while he dey study for a law degree by correspondence from de [[University of South Africa]]. Na dem employ Alice first insyd domestic work for local white households, then as a cook at Grey Hospital insyd King William's Town. According to ein sisto, na e be dis observation of ein mommie ein difficult working conditions wey na e result insyd Biko ein earliest politicisation. Na Biko ein given name "Bantu" dey mean "people" insyd IsiXhosa; na Biko interprete dis in terms of de saying ''"Umntu ngumntu ngabantu"'' ("a person be a person by means of oda people"). As a kiddie na dem nickname am "Goofy" den "Xwaku-Xwaku", de latter a reference to ein unkempt appearance. Na dem raise am insyd ein family ein Anglican Christian faith. Insyd 1950, wen na Biko be four, ein poppie fall ill, wey na dem hospitalise am insyd St. Matthew's Hospital, Keiskammahoek, wey he die, wey make de family dependent on ein mommie ein income. Na Biko spend two years at St. Andrews Primary School den four at Charles Morgan Higher Primary School, both insyd Ginsberg. Na dem regard am as a particularly intelligent pupil, na dem allow am make he skip a year. Insyd 1963 na he transfer to de Forbes Grant Secondary School insyd de township. Na Biko excel at maths den English wey he top de class insyd ein exams. Insyd 1964 na de Ginsberg community offer am a bursary to join ein bro Khaya as a student at Lovedale, a prestigious boarding school insyd Alice, Eastern Cape. Within three months of Steve ein arrival, na dem accuse Khaya of having connections to Poqo, de armed wing of de Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), an African nationalist group wich na de government ban. Na dem arrest both Khaya den Steve wey na de police interrogate dem; na dem convict de former, wey then dem acquit on appeal. Na dem no present any clear evidence of Steve ein connection to Poqo, buh na dem expel am from Lovedale. Dey comment later on dis situation, na he state: "Na I begin to develop an attitude wich be much more directed at authority dan at anything else. Na I hate authority like hell. From 1964 to 1965, na Biko study at St. Francis College, a Catholic boarding school insyd Mariannhill, Natal. Na de college get a liberal political culture, wey na Biko develop ein political consciousness dere. He particularly cam be interested insyd de replacement of South Africa ein white minority [[South Africa#Republic|government]] plus an administration wey represent de country ein black majority. Among de anti-colonialist leaders who cam be Biko ein heroes at dis time be Algeria ein [[Ahmed Ben Bella]] den Kenya ein Jaramogi Oginga Odinga. Na he later say dat na chaw of de "politicos" insyd ein family be sympathetic to de PAC, wich na e get anti-communist den African racialist ideas. Na Biko admire wat na he describe as de PAC ein "terribly good organisation" den de courage of chaw of ein members, buh na he remain unconvinced by ein racially exclusionary approach, dey believe dat members of all racial groups for unite against de government. Insyd December 1964, na he travel to Zwelitsha for de ulwaluko [[circumcision]] ceremony, symbolically dey mark ein transition from boyhood to manhood. == Ideology == The Black Consciousness Movement no be only Biko ein brain work; e come out from plenty long talk-talk between black students wey dey reject white man liberal ideas [52]. Biko get sense from books wey e read from people like Frantz Fanon, Malcolm X, Léopold Sédar Senghor, James Cone, and Paulo Freire [52]. Fanon, wey come from Martinique, na one big influence for how Biko reason freedom and liberation matters [175]. But Biko ein biographer, Xolela Mangcu, talk say make nobody try reduce all Biko ein thinking just to Fanon ein level; e say make people respect the role wey "the political and intellectual history of the Eastern Cape" play inside Biko ein mind too [176]. Black Power movement from the US [53], plus some kind Christianity like black theology wey dey push activism [177], all also influence the Black Consciousness Movement. === Black Consciousness den empowerment === Biko no gree for the apartheid government dem way of dividing people into "whites" and "non-whites", wey dem mark everywhere with signs and on buildings across South Africa [178]. Biko build ein idea on top Fanon ein work, say the word "non-white" no get better meaning e just talk say the person no be white. E see am as negative label. So instead, Biko change the word "non-white" to "black", wey e see as word wey no dey come from white people dem mouth, and e no carry negative energy [179]. Biko talk say blackness no be just about skin colour e say e be "mental attitude". E define "blacks" as "those who by law or tradition dey suffer political, economic and social discrimination as a group for South African society", and who see themselves as one people wey dey fight together for their dreams and freedom [180]. So the Black Consciousness Movement take "black" to mean not only Bantu-speaking Africans, but also Coloureds and Indians too [57] all these people together make almost 90% of South Africa ein population for the 1970s [181]. Biko no be Marxist. E believe say for South Africa, the real wahala be about race, not class. E talk say some of the "white left" people dey push class struggle talk as one kind "defence mechanism... because dem no wan make the race matter bounce back affect dem, since dem be white" [182][183]. Biko see white racism for South Africa as the whole power system wey white people build take hold everything [56]. E talk say for the apartheid time, white people no just dey oppress black people, dem too be the main voices wey dey fight the same oppression [55]. So e talk say because dem dey control both the apartheid government and the anti-apartheid fight, white people come dey run all the political show, wey black people just dey sidelines [55]. E believe say white people fit take over the movement sake of say dem get better access to things like money, books, and better life chances. But still, Biko reason say white South Africans no really fit lead that fight well, 'cause dem no dey feel the suffering and oppression the same way as black people dey go through am [185]. == Ideology == === On a post-apartheid society === Biko dey hope say future South Africa go turn socialist country wey no go get any wahala based on skin colour everybody, no matter where dem come from, go live together in peace inside one "joint culture" wey go carry the best from all the different groups. E no believe say make dem give special rights to minority groups, 'cause that one still dey divide people based on race. Instead, Biko support make everybody get equal voting power one person, one vote. Before, e think say one-party system fit work well for Africa, but after e discuss with Donald Woods, ein mindset change small and e begin see the good side of multi-party democracy. For Biko, freedom be good thing, but e believe say food, work, and social support be more important pass personal liberty. === Sources === * {{cite journal |last1=Ahluwalia |first1=Pal |last2=Zegeye |first2=Abebe |year=2001 |title=Frantz Fanon and Steve Biko: Towards Liberation |journal=Social Identities |volume=7 |pages=455–469 |doi=10.1080/13504630120087262 |s2cid=143223447 |number=3}} * {{cite book|last=Bernstein|first=Hilda|title=No. 46 – Steve Biko|url=https://archive.org/details/no46stevebiko0000bern|publisher=International Defence and Aid Fund|year=1978|isbn=978-0-904759-21-1|location=London}} * {{cite web|last=Blandy|first=Fran|date=31 December 2007|title=SA editor's escape from apartheid, 30 years on|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220191245/https://mg.co.za/printformat/single/2007-12-31-sa-editors-escape-from-apartheid-30-years-on/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220191245/https://mg.co.za/printformat/single/2007-12-31-sa-editors-escape-from-apartheid-30-years-on/|archive-date=20 December 2016|access-date=19 June 2011|work=Mail & Guardian}} * {{cite journal |last=Brown |first=Julian |year=2010 |title=SASO's Reluctant Embrace of Public Forms of Protest, 1968–1972 |journal=South African Historical Journal |volume=62 |issue=4 |pages=716–734 |doi=10.1080/02582473.2010.519940 |s2cid=144826918}} * {{cite journal |last=Bucher |first=Jesse |year=2012 |title=The Possibility of Care: Medical Ethics and the Death of Steve Biko |journal=Journal of Asian and African Studies|volume=47 |issue=5 |pages=567–579 |doi=10.1177/0021909612452710|s2cid=143996881 }} * {{cite book |last=Cock |first=Jacklyn |title=Maids and Madams: Domestic Workers Under Apartheid |url=https://archive.org/details/maidsmadamsdomes0000cock |publisher=Ravan Press |location=Johannesburg |year=1989 |isbn=978-0-7043-4165-4}} * {{cite journal |first=Philippe |last=Denis |year=2010 |title=Seminary Networks and Black Consciousness in South Africa in the 1970s |journal=South African Historical Journal |volume=62 |issue=1 |pages=162–182 |doi=10.1080/02582471003778417|s2cid=144308914 }} * {{cite journal |first=Johann |last=de Wet |year=2013 |title=Steve Biko as Existentialist Communicator |journal=Communicatio |volume=39 |issue=3 |pages=293–304 |doi= 10.1080/02500167.2013.835524|s2cid=218574270 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Drewett |first1=Michael |title=The Eyes of the World Are Watching Now: The Political Effectiveness of "Biko" by Peter Gabriel |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_popular-music-and-society_2007-02_30_1/page/39 |journal=Popular Music and Society |date=February 2007 |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=39–51 |doi=10.1080/03007760500504929|s2cid=143464359 }} * {{Cite encyclopedia |last1=Epstein |first1=Brian |url=https://epstein.org/wp-content/uploads/Epstein-Biko-on-non-white-and-black-in-Hull-volume.pdf |contribution=Biko on Black vs. Non-White |title=Debating African Philosophy: Perspectives on Decolonial Ethics and Comparative Philosophy |year=2018 |publisher=Routledge |location=New York |others=George Hull (ed.) |pages=97–117 |isbn=978-1138344952}} * {{cite journal |last=Hadfield |first=Leslie |year=2010 |title=Biko, Black Consciousness, and 'the System' eZinyoka: Oral History and Black Consciousness in Practice in a Rural Ciskei Village |journal=South African Historical Journal |volume=62 |pages=78–99 |doi=10.1080/02582471003778342 |s2cid=143822840 |number=1}} * {{cite book|last=Hill|first=Shannen L.|title=Biko's Ghost: The Iconography of Black Consciousness|publisher=University of Minnesota Press|year=2015|isbn=978-0816676361|location=Minneapolis}} * {{cite journal |last=Kamola |first=Isaac |year=2015 |title=Steve Biko and a Critique of Global Governance as White Liberalism |journal=African Identities |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=62–76 |doi=10.1080/14725843.2014.961281 |s2cid=143526446}} * {{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/jul/26/peter-gabriel-30-years-womad|first=Dorian|last=Lynskey|title=Peter Gabriel on 30 years of Womad – and mixing music with politics|work=The Guardian|date=26 July 2012|access-date=22 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170419075048/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2012/jul/26/peter-gabriel-30-years-womad|archive-date=19 April 2017}} * {{cite web|last=Lynskey|first=Dorian|date=6 December 2013|title=Nelson Mandela: The Triumph of the Protest Song|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/dec/06/nelson-mandela-protest-song-special-aka|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209005705/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/dec/06/nelson-mandela-protest-song-special-aka|archive-date=9 February 2017|access-date=26 October 2016|website=The Guardian}} * {{cite journal |last=Macqueen |first=Ian |year=2013 |title=Resonances of Youth and Tensions of Race: Liberal Student Politics, White Radicals and Black Consciousness, 1968–1973 |journal=South African Historical Journal |volume=65 |issue=3 |pages=365–382 |doi=10.1080/02582473.2013.770062 |s2cid=145138768}} * {{cite journal |last=Macqueen |first=Ian |year=2014 |title=Black Consciousness in Dialogue in South Africa: Steve Biko, Richard Turner and the 'Durban Moment', 1970–1974 |journal=Journal of Asian and African Studies |volume=49 |issue=5 |pages=511–525 |doi=10.1177/0021909613493609 |s2cid=146298315}} * {{cite journal |last=Mamdani |first=Mahmood |year=2012 |title=A Tribute to Steve Biko |journal=Transformation: Critical Perspectives on Southern Africa |volume=80 |pages=76–79 |doi=10.1353/trn.2012.0045 |s2cid=154736810}} * {{Cite encyclopedia|last=Mandela|first=Nelson|contribution=A Tribute to Stephen Bantu Biko|editor=Xolela Mangcu|title=Biko: A Life|year=2014|location=London and New York|publisher=I. B. Tauris|pages=7–9|isbn=978-1-78076-785-7}} * {{cite book|last=Mangcu|first=Xolela|title=Biko: A Life|url=https://archive.org/details/bikolife0000mang|publisher=I. B. Tauris|year=2014|isbn=978-1-78076-785-7|location=London and New York}} * {{Cite encyclopedia|last1=Marable|first1=Manning|last2=Joseph|first2=Peniel|contribution=Series Editors' Preface: Steve Biko and the International Context of Black Consciousness|title=Biko Lives! Contesting the Legacies of Steve Biko|year=2008|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=New York and Basingstoke|others=Andile Mngxitama, Amanda Alexander, and Nigel C. Gibson (eds.)|pages=vii–x|isbn=978-0-230-60519-0}} * {{cite news|last=Martins|first=Alejandra|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/4552119.stm|title=Black Brazilians learn from Biko|website=BBC News|date=25 May 2005|access-date=19 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321060513/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4552119.stm|archive-date=21 March 2016|url-status=live}} * {{Cite encyclopedia|last1=Mngxitama|first1=Andile|last2=Alexander|first2=Amanda|last3=Gibson|first3=Nigel|contribution=Biko Lives|title=Biko Lives! Contesting the Legacies of Steve Biko|year=2008|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=New York and Basingstoke|others=Andile Mngxitama, Amanda Alexander, and Nigel C. Gibson (eds.)|pages=1–20|isbn=978-0-230-60519-0}} * {{cite web|last=Ngcobo|first=Ziyanda|date=21 March 2017|title=Zuma Commemorates Biko on Human Rights Day|url=http://ewn.co.za/2017/03/21/zuma-lays-wreath-at-steve-biko-memorial-grave-site|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170321121416/http://ewn.co.za/2017/03/21/zuma-lays-wreath-at-steve-biko-memorial-grave-site|archive-date=21 March 2017|access-date=4 March 2017|website=Eyewitness News}} * {{cite web|last=Ngcukana|first=Lubabalo|date=13 September 2015|title=Biko's grave a political battleground for parties|url=http://city-press.news24.com/News/Bikos-grave-a-political-battleground-for-parties-20150912|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160108110928/http://city-press.news24.com/News/Bikos-grave-a-political-battleground-for-parties-20150912|archive-date=8 January 2016|access-date=4 March 2017|website=City Press}} * {{cite journal |last=Schumann |first=Anne |year=2008 |title=The Beat that Beat Apartheid: The Role of Music in the Resistance against Apartheid in South Africa |url=https://stichproben.univie.ac.at/fileadmin/user_upload/p_stichproben/Artikel/Nummer14/Nr14_Schumann.pdf |journal=Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien |volume=14 |issue=8 |pages=17–39 |access-date=24 October 2016}} * {{cite journal |last=Silove |first=Derrick |year=1990 |title=Doctors and the State: Lessons from the Biko Case |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_social-science-medicine_1990_30_4/page/417 |journal=Social Science and Medicine |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=417–429 |doi=10.1016/0277-9536(90)90344-R |pmid=2180081}} * {{Cite encyclopedia|last=Smit|first=B. F.|title=Biko, Bantu Stephen (Steve)|encyclopaedia=New Dictionary of South African Biography|editor=E. J. Verwey|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_rl8nkyID3WsC/page/18 18–21]|year=1995|publisher=HSRC Press|isbn=978-0-7969-1648-8|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_rl8nkyID3WsC/page/18}} * {{Cite web|last=Somerville|first=Keith|date=12 September 2002|title=Row clouds Biko anniversary|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2253092.stm|access-date=13 September 2020|work=news.bbc.co.uk}} * {{cite news|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/news/article.cfm?c_id=2&objectid=3527718|title=No prosecution for death of anti-apartheid activist Biko|work=The New Zealand Herald|first=Raymond|last=Whitaker|date=8 October 2003|access-date=13 October 2012}} * {{cite book|last=Wilson|first=Lindy|title=Steve Biko|publisher=Ohio University Press|year=2012|isbn=978-0-8214-4441-2|location=Athens, Ohio}} * {{cite book|last=Woods|first=Donald|url=https://archive.org/details/biko0003wood|title=Biko|publisher=Paddington Press|year=1978|isbn=0-8050-1899-9|location=New York and London|url-access=registration}} * {{cite web|last=Zulu|first=Sifiso|date=18 December 2016|title=Google celebrates Biko with commemorative doodle|url=http://ewn.co.za/2016/12/18/google-celebrates-biko-with-commemorative-doodle|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161219080104/http://ewn.co.za/2016/12/18/google-celebrates-biko-with-commemorative-doodle|archive-date=19 December 2016|access-date=4 March 2017|website=Eyewitness News}} ==Read further== * {{cite book |last=Biko |first=Stephen Bantu |editor=Arnold Millard |title=The Testimony of Steve Biko |url=https://archive.org/details/testimonyofsteve0000biko |edition=revised |year=1984 |location=New York City |publisher=HarperCollins |isbn=978-0586050057}} * {{cite book |first=Steve |last=Biko |editor=Aelred Stubbs |editor-link= |title=I Write What I Like: A Selection of His Writings |year=1987 |location=London |publisher=Heinemann |isbn=978-0-435-90598-9}} * {{cite book |last=Fatton |first=Robert |year=1986 |title=Black Consciousness in South Africa: The Dialectics of Ideological Resistance to White Supremacy |url=https://archive.org/details/blackconsciousne0000fatt |publisher=State University of New York Press |location=Albany |isbn=978-0887061295}} * {{cite book |last=Gerhart |first=Gail M. |title=Black Power in South Africa: The Evolution of an Ideology |url=https://archive.org/details/blackpowerinsout0000gail |location=Los Angeles |publisher=Greenberg |year=1999 |isbn=978-0520039339}} * {{cite journal |last1=Goodwin |first1=June |last2=Schiff |first2=Ben |date=13 November 1995 |title=Who Killed Steve Biko?: Exhuming Truth in South Africa |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nation_1995-11-13_261_16/page/565 |journal=The Nation |location=New York |publisher=The Nation Company |volume=261 |issue=16 |pages=565–568 |issn=0027-8378}} * {{cite book|last=Lobban|first=Michael|title=White Man's Justice: South African Political Trials in the Black Consciousness Era|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1996|isbn=978-0198258094|location=Oxford}} * {{cite book|last=Magaziner|first=D.|title=The Law and the Prophets: Black Consciousness in South Africa, 1968–1977|url=https://archive.org/details/lawprophetsblack0000maga|publisher=Ohio University Press|year=2010|isbn=978-0821419175|location=Athens}} * {{cite book|last1=Pityana|first1=B.|title=Bounds of Possibility: The Legacy of Steve Biko and Black Consciousness|last2=Ramphele|first2=M.|last3=Mpumlwana|first3=M.|last4=Wilson|first4=L.|publisher=David Philip|year=1991|isbn=978-0864862105|location=Cape Town}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q214473|c=Category:Steve Biko|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [http://www.sbf.org.za/ The Steve Biko Foundation] * [[imdbname:8363356|Steve Biko]] at IMDb {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Biko, Steve}} [[Category:1946 births]] [[Category:1977 deaths]] [[Category:South African people]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:1977 insyd South Africa]] [[Category:20th-century Christians]] [[Category:20th-century South African male writers]] [[Category:20th-century South African politicians]] [[Category:South African anti-apartheid activists]] [[Category:South African activists dem assassinate]] [[Category:South African politicians dem assassinate]] [[Category:Civil rights activists dem assassinate]] [[Category:Biko family]] [[Category:Black Consciousness Movement]] [[Category:Deaths by beating]] [[Category:Deaths insyd police custody insyd South Africa]] [[Category:Extrajudicial killings insyd South Africa]] [[Category:People wey komot Qonce]] [[Category:People dem murder by law enforcement officers]] [[Category:Police brutality insyd South Africa]] [[Category:Prisoners wey die insyd South African detention]] [[Category:South African Christians]] [[Category:South African writers]] [[Category:South African pan-Africanists]] [[Category:South African people wey die insyd prison custody]] [[Category:South African prisoners den detainees]] [[Category:South African revolutionaries]] [[Category:Steve Biko affair]] [[Category:University of Natal alumni]] [[Category:Victims of police brutality]] [[Category:Xhosa people]] [[Category:African politicians dem assassinate insyd de 1970s]] [[Category:Politicians dem assassinate insyd 1977]] [[Category:Alumni of Lovedale]] j9uvm06tgexj8nghh1viodb0zzks81i 0 17251 112322 63910 2026-09-24T16:50:58Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112322 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki''' (Xhosa: [tʰaɓɔ ʼmbɛːki]; born 18 June 1942) be a South African politician wey serve as de 2nd democratic presido of South Africa from 14 June 1999 to 24 September 2008, wen na he resign at de request of ein party, de African National Congress (ANC).<ref name="gcis-profile2004">{{cite web|date=14 October 2004|title=Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki, Mr|url=http://www.info.gov.za/leaders/president/index.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070416053536/http://www.info.gov.za/leaders/president/index.htm|archive-date=16 April 2007|access-date=27 November 2007|website=Government Communication and Information System (GCIS)}}</ref> Before dat, na he be deputy president under [[Nelson Mandela]] from 1994 to 1999.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.theafricareport.com/346555/south-africa-three-decades-two-ex-presidents-one-election/ | title=South Africa: Three decades, two ex-presidents, one election }}</ref> De son of Govan Mbeki, an ANC intellectual, na Mbeki be involved insyd ANC politics since 1956, wen na he join de ANC Youth League, wey na he be a member of de party ein National Executive Committee since 1975. Dem born am insyd de Transkei, na he lef South Africa aged twenty to attend university insyd England, wey na he spend almost three decades in exile abroad, til na dem unban de ANC insyd 1990. Na he rise thru de organisation insyd ein information den publicity section den as Oliver Tambo ein protégé, buh na he sanso be an experienced diplomat, wey dey serve as de ANC ein official representative insyd chaw of ein African outposts. Na he sanso be early advocate for den leader of de diplomatic engagements wich lead to de negotiations make dem end apartheid. After South Africa ein first democratic elections insyd 1994, na dem appoint am national deputy president. Insyd subsequent years, na e cam be apparent say na he be Mandela ein chosen successor, wey na dem elect am unopposed as ANC presido insyd 1997, wey enable ein rise to de presidency as de ANC ein candidate insyd de 1999 elections. While deputy presido, na dem regard Mbeki as a steward of de government ein Growth, Employment and Redistribution policy, dem introduce insyd 1996, den as presido na he continue to subscribe to relatively conservative, market-friendly macroeconomic policies. During ein presidency, na South Africa experience falling public debt, a narrowing budget deficit, den consistent, moderate economic growth. However, despite ein retention of various social democratic programmes, den notable expansions to de black economic empowerment programme, na critics often regard Mbeki ein economic policies as neoliberal, plus insufficient consideration for developmental den redistributive objectives. On dese grounds, na Mbeki grow increasingly alienated from de left wing of de ANC, den from de leaders of de ANC ein Tripartite Alliance partners, de [[Congress of South African Trade Unions]] den South African Communist Party. Na e be dese leftist elements wich support Jacob Zuma over Mbeki insyd de political rivalry wey erupt after Mbeki remove de latter from ein post as deputy president insyd 2005. As presido, na Mbeki get an apparent predilection for foreign policy den particularly for multilateralism. Ein [[pan-Africanism]] den vision for an "African renaissance" be central parts of ein political persona, wey commentators suggest dat na he secure for South Africa a role insyd African den global politics wey na be disproportionate to de country ein size den historical influence.<ref name="Landsberg-2007">{{cite web|last=Landsberg|first=Chris|date=2007-06-18|title=The AU, Nepad and Mbeki's 'progressive African agenda'|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2007-06-18-the-au-nepad-and-mbekis-progressive-african-agenda/|access-date=2022-02-04|website=The Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}}</ref><ref name="Olivier-2003">{{Cite journal |last=Olivier |first=Gerrit |date=2003 |title=Is Thabo Mbeki Africa's Saviour? |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3569575 |journal=International Affairs |volume=79 |issue=4 |pages=815–828 |doi=10.1111/1468-2346.00338 |issn=0020-5850 |jstor=3569575 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Na he be de central architect of de [[New Partnership for Africa's Development]] den, as de inaugural chairperson of de [[African Union]], he spearhead de introduction of de African Peer Review Mechanism. After na dem launch de IBSA Dialogue Forum insyd 2003, na ein government collaborate plus [[India]] den [[Brazil]] make he lobby for reforms at de [[United Nations]], wey dey advocate for a stronger role for developing countries. Among South Africa ein various peacekeeping commitments during ein presidency, na Mbeki be de primary mediator insyd de conflict between ZANU-PF den de Zimbabwean opposition insyd de 2000s. However, na he be frequently criticised for ein policy of "quiet diplomacy" insyd Zimbabwe, under wich na he refuse to condemn [[Robert Mugabe]] ein regime anaa institute sanctions against am. Na also highly controversial worldwide be Mbeki ein HIV/AIDS policy. Na ein government no introduce a national mother-to-child transmission prevention programme til 2002, wen na e be mandated by de Constitutional Court, nor na e make antiretroviral therapy available insyd de public healthcare system til late 2003. Na subsequent studies estimate say na dese delays cause hundreds of thousands of preventable deaths.<ref name="Dugger">{{cite news|author=Dugger, Celia W.|date=25 November 2008|title=Study Cites Toll of AIDS Policy in South Africa|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/26/world/africa/26aids.html|access-date=23 March 2014|work=The New York Times}}</ref><ref name="Nattrass-20082">{{cite journal |last1=Nattrass |first1=Nicoli |date=2008-02-07 |title=AIDS and the Scientific Governance of Medicine in Post-Apartheid South Africa |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_african-affairs_2008-04_107_427/page/157 |journal=African Affairs |volume=107 |issue=427 |pages=157–176 |doi=10.1093/afraf/adm087 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Chigwedere-20082">{{Cite journal |last1=Chigwedere |first1=Pride |last2=Seage |first2=George R. |last3=Gruskin |first3=Sofia |last4=Lee |first4=Tun-Hou |last5=Essex |first5=M. |date=2008-12-01 |title=Estimating the lost benefits of antiretroviral drug use in South Africa |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-acquired-immune-deficiency-syndromes_2008-12-01_49_4/page/410 |journal=Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes |volume=49 |issue=4 |pages=410–415 |doi=10.1097/qai.0b013e31818a6cd5 |issn=1525-4135 |pmid=19186354 |s2cid=11458278 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Mbeki einself, like ein Health Minister Manto Tshabalala-Msimang, na dem described as an AIDS denialist, "dissident", anaa sceptic. Although na he no explicitly deny de causal link between HIV den AIDS, na he often posited a need to investigate alternate causes of den alternative treatments for AIDS, frequently dey suggest dat na immunodeficiency be de indirect result of poverty. Na ein political descent begin at de ANC ein Polokwane conference insyd December 2007, wen na he be replaced as ANC presido by Zuma. Although na ein term as national president for no expire til June 2009, na he announce on 20 September 2008 say he go resign at de request of de ANC National Executive Committee. Na dem understand de ANC ein decision to "recall" Mbeki e be linked to a High Court judgement, dem hand down earlier dat month, insyd wich na judge Chris Nicholson alleged improper political interference insyd de National Prosecuting Authority den specifically insyd de corruption charges against Zuma. Na dem overturn Nicholson ein judgement by de Supreme Court of Appeal insyd January 2009, by wich time na Mbeki be replaced as presido by Kgalema Motlanthe. ==Early life den education== === 1942–60: Eastern Cape === Na dem born Mbeki on 18 June 1942 insyd Mbewuleni, a small village insyd de former homeland of Transkei, now part of de Eastern Cape. De second of four siblings, na he get one sisto, Linda (born 1941, she die 2003), den two bros, Moeletsi (born 1945) den Jama (born 1948, he die 1982).<ref name="Gevisser-2007a">{{Cite book|last=Gevisser|first=Mark|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/180845990|title=Thabo Mbeki: The Dream Deferred|date=2007|publisher=Jonathan Ball|isbn=978-1-86842-301-9|location=Johannesburg|oclc=180845990}}</ref><ref name="Gevisser-2014">{{cite web|last=Gevisser|first=Mark|date=2014-06-07|title=The world of Epainette Mbeki: A mother and a comrade to the end|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2014-06-07-the-world-of-epainette-mbeki/|access-date=2022-02-05|website=The Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=2003-03-17|title=Mbeki's sister dies at 61|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/mbekis-sister-dies-at-61-20030317|access-date=2022-02-05|website=News24|language=en-US}}</ref> Na ein parents be Epainette (she die 2014), a trained teacher, den Govan (he die 2001), a shopkeeper, teacher, journalist, den senior activist insyd de African National Congress (ANC) den de South African Communist Party (SACP). Na both Epainette den Govan cam from educated, Christian, land-owning families, wey na Govan ein poppie be Sikelewu Mbeki, a colonially appointed headman.<ref name="Gevisser-2007a" /> Na de couple meet insyd Durban, wer na Epainette cam be de second black woman to join de SACP (then na dem still call am de Communist Party of South Africa); however, while na Mbeki be a kiddie, na ein family was separate wen na Govan move alone to Ladismith for a teaching job.<ref name="Gevisser-2014" /> Na Mbeki say na "dem born am into de struggle", wey na he recall say na dem decorate ein kiddie time home plus portraits of Karl Marx den Mahatma Gandhi.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2008-09-19|title=Thabo Mbeki: Born into struggle|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3499695.stm|access-date=2022-02-05}}</ref><ref name="NPR-2007">{{Cite news|date=2007-12-07|title=ANC Leadership Battle Causes Crisis in Party|language=en|work=NPR|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=16860087|access-date=2022-02-05}}</ref> Na Govan name am after senior South African communist Thabo Mofutsanyana.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ejigiri |first=Damien |date=2014 |title=Govan Mbeki, Colin Bundy |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/africatoday.60.4.89 |journal=Africa Today |volume=60 |issue=4 |pages=89–91 |doi=10.2979/africatoday.60.4.89 |issn=0001-9887 |jstor=10.2979/africatoday.60.4.89 |s2cid=140881911 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Na Mbeki begin dey attend school insyd 1948, de same year wey na dem elect de National Party plus a mandate make e legislate apartheid.<ref name="Gevisser-2007a" /> Na dem implement de Bantu Education Act towards de end of ein school career, den insyd 1955 na he arrive at de Lovedale Institute, an eminent mission school outsyd Alice, as part of de last class wich go be permitted make e follow de same curriculum as white students. At Lovedale, na he be a year behind Chris Hani, ein future colleague den rival insyd de ANC.<ref name="Gevisser-2007a" /> NA Mbeki join de ANC Youth League at age fourteen<ref name="NPR-2007" /> den insyd 1958 he cam be de secretary of ein Lovedale branch. Shortly afterwards, at de start of ein final year of high school, na he be identified as one of de leaders of a March 1959 boycott of classes, wey na dem summarily expel am from Lovedale.<ref name="Gevisser-2007a" /> Na he nonetheless tap for matric examinations wey na he obtain a second-class pass.<ref name="Gevisser-2007a" /> == Personal life den family == Insyd October 1959, na Mbeki get a son, Monwabisi Kwanda, plus Olive Mpahlwa, a kiddie time paddie wey na he struck up a romance while at Lovedale. Na Kwanda be raised by ein mommie den later by Mbeki ein mommie, Epainette.<ref name="Gevisser-2007a"/> Na Mbeki ein youngest bro, Jama, sanso disappear in exile. Na he spend ein adolescence insyd [[Lesotho]] wey na he be an activist insyd de Basutoland Congress Party (BCP) den ein Lesotho Liberation Army.<ref name="Gevisser-2007a" /> Na Mbeki ein living sibling per, Moeletsi, sanso be educated abroad wey now be a prominent economist. He often dey publicly criticise de policies of ein bro ein government.<ref>{{cite web|last=Zvomuya|first=Percy|date=2011-08-26|title=Moeletsi Mbeki: More than just the second son|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2011-08-26-moeletsi-mbeki-more-than-just-the-second-son/|access-date=2022-02-05|website=The Mail & Guardian|language=en-ZA}}</ref> Mbeki marry Zanele Dlamini Mbeki insyd 1974, a social worker wey komot Alexandra whom na he meet insyd London before ein departure for Moscow. Na dem hold de wedding ceremony on 23 November at Farnham Castle insyd Surrey, England. Na Adelaide Tambo den Mendi Msimang stand ''in loco parentis'' give Mbeki, wey na Essop Pahad be ein best man.<ref name="Gevisser-2007a" /><ref name="marriage year2">{{cite web|last=Naidoo|first=Prakash|date=2006-07-07|title=Zanele Mbeki: Redefining the role of First Lady|url=http://free.financialmail.co.za/projects06/topwomen06/ntop.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027152457/http://free.financialmail.co.za/projects06/topwomen06/ntop.htm|archive-date=27 October 2007|access-date=5 July 2008|work=Financial Mail}}</ref> Dem get no kiddie togeda. ==Recognition== ===Honorary degrees=== Na Mbeki receive chaw honorary degrees from South African den foreign universities. Mbeki receive an honorary doctorate insyd business administration from de Arthur D Little Institute, Boston, insyd 1994.<ref name="whoswho">{{cite web |year = 2007 |url = http://www.whoswhosa.co.za/Pages/profilefull.aspx?IndID=895 |title = Profile of Thabo Mbeki |publisher = Who's Who SA |access-date = 19 December 2007 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071221171528/http://www.whoswhosa.co.za/Pages/profilefull.aspx?IndID=895 |archive-date = 21 December 2007 |df = dmy-all}}</ref> Insyd 1995, he receive honorary doctorate from de [[University of South Africa]] den an honorary doctorate of laws from Sussex University.<ref name="whoswho" /> Na dem award Mbeki an honorary doctorate from Rand Afrikaans University insyd 1999.<ref name="timeline">{{cite web |year=2004 |url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/chronology/special-chrono/people/mbeki-t.htm |title=South African History Timelines:Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki |work=South African History Online |access-date=19 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218213828/http://www.sahistory.org.za/pages/chronology/special-chrono/people/mbeki-t.htm |archive-date=18 December 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Insyd 2000 na dem award am an honorary doctorate of laws from Glasgow Caledonian University.<ref name="bbcdegree">{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/754600.stm |title=Degree honour for Mbeki |work=BBC News |access-date=19 December 2007 | date=19 May 2000 | location=London}}</ref> Insyd 2004, na dem award am an honorary doctorate insyd commercial sciences by de [[Stellenbosch University|University of Stellenbosch]].<ref name="stellenbosch">{{cite web |last=McGrenery |first=Tom |year=2004 |url=http://www.acu.ac.uk/yearbook/may2004/10-17.pdf |title=President Thabo Mbeki receives Honorary Stellenbosch Degree |work=ACU |access-date=19 December 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071010144328/http://www.acu.ac.uk/yearbook/may2004/10-17.pdf |archive-date = 10 October 2007}}</ref> === Orders den decorations === During Mbeki ein official visit to Britain insyd 2001, na dem make am an honorary Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB).<ref>{{cite web|title=Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki|url=http://eng.rudn.ru/cooperation/honorary-doctors/thabo-mvuyelwa-mbeki/|access-date=2020-05-29|website=eng.rudn.ru}}</ref> Na de Mayor of Athens, Dora Bakoyannis, award Mbeki plus de City of Athens Medal of Honour insyd 2005.<ref name="athens">{{cite web|year=2005|title=Athens Mayor Awards South African President City Medal of Honour|url=http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/2005/05022809451003.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071227155321/http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/2005/05022809451003.htm|archive-date=27 December 2007|access-date=19 December 2007|publisher=Department of Foreign Affairs|df=dmy-all}}</ref> During Mbeki ein official visit to [[Sudan]] insyd 2005, na dem award am Sudan ein Insignia of Honour in recognition of ein role in resolving conflicts den dey work for development insyd de Continent.<ref name="sudanhonour">{{cite web|year=2005|title=Joint communique of the official visit to the Republic of the Sudan by his Excellency President Thabo Mbeki, 30 December 2004 to 2&nbsp;January 2005|url=http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/show.asp?type=pr&include=president/pr/2005/pr0102.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080103023445/http://www.thepresidency.gov.za/show.asp?type=pr&include=president%2Fpr%2F2005%2Fpr0102.htm|archive-date=3 January 2008|access-date=19 December 2007|publisher=Department of Foreign Affairs|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Insyd 2007, na dem make Mbeki a Knight of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem at St George's Cathedral insyd Cape Town by de current grand prior, Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester.<ref name="orderstjohn">{{cite web|year=2007|title=Mbeki admitted to Order of St John|url=http://www.mg.co.za/articlepage.aspx?area=/breaking_news/breaking_news__national/&articleid=308051|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071227072130/http://www.mg.co.za/articlepage.aspx?area=%2Fbreaking_news%2Fbreaking_news__national%2F&articleid=308051|archive-date=27 December 2007|access-date=16 June 2013|work=Mail & Guardian}}</ref> === Awards === Na dem award Mbeki de Good Governance Award insyd 1997 by de US-based Corporate Council on Africa.<ref name="goodgovernance">{{cite web|year=1997|title=Deputy President Thabo Mbeki to receive Good Governance Award|url=http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/1997/04210w71197.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071227155242/http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/1997/04210w71197.htm|archive-date=27 December 2007|access-date=19 December 2007|publisher=Office of the Executive Deputy President Mbeki|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Na he receive de Newsmaker of de year award from Pretoria News Press Association insyd 2000<ref name="timeline" /> wey na dem repeat de honour insyd 2008, dis time under de auspices of media research company Monitoring South Africa.<ref>South African Press Agency. "Former President Thabo Mbeki is newsmaker of the year." ''The Times'' (South Africa), 11 December 2008.</ref> In honour of ein commitment to democracy insyd de new South Africa, na dem award Mbeki de Oliver Tambo/Johnny Makatini Freedom Award insyd 2000.<ref name="timeline" /> Na dem award Mbeki de Peace and Reconciliation Award at de Gandhi Awards for Reconciliation insyd Durban insyd 2003.<ref name="peaceaward">{{cite web|year=2003|title=President Mbeki receives Peace and Reconciliation Award|url=http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/2003/03060609461009.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071227155256/http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/2003/03060609461009.htm|archive-date=27 December 2007|access-date=19 December 2007|publisher=the Presidency|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Insyd 2004, na dem award Mbeki de Good Brother Award by Washington, D.C.'s National Congress of Black Women for ein commitment to gender equality den de emancipation of women insyd South Africa.<ref name="goodbrother">{{cite web|year=2004|title=President Thabo Mbeki to receive Good Brother Award|url=http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/2004/04090908151002.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071227155303/http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/2004/04090908151002.htm|archive-date=27 December 2007|access-date=19 December 2007|publisher=Department of Foreign Affairs|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Insyd 2005, na dem sanso award am de Champion of the Earth Award by de [[United Nations]].<ref name="champion">{{cite web|year=2005|title=UNEP Names Seven 'Champions of the Earth'|url=http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.asp?DocumentID=430&ArticleID=4769&l=en|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071212031513/http://www.unep.org/Documents.Multilingual/Default.asp?DocumentID=430&ArticleID=4769&l=en|archive-date=12 December 2007|access-date=19 December 2007|publisher=United Nations Environment Programme}}</ref> During de European-wide Action Week Against Racism insyd 2005, na dem award Mbeki de Rotterdamse Jongeren Raad (RJR) Antidiscrimination Award by de Netherlands.<ref name="racismaward">{{cite web|year=2005|title=NETHERLANDS: Dutch NGOs united their forces to fight against growing racism|url=http://www.united.non-profit.nl/pages/rep05mrt.htm#NET|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051219123333/http://www.united.non-profit.nl/pages/rep05mrt.htm#NET|archive-date=19 December 2005|access-date=19 December 2007|publisher=UNITED for Intercultural Action}}</ref> Insyd 2006, na dem award am de Presidential Award for ein outstanding service to economic growth den investor confidence insyd South Africa den Africa and for ein role insyd de international arena by de South African Chambers of Commerce and Industry.<ref name="chambersaward">{{cite web|year=2006|title=President Thabo Mbeki to attend the annual general conference of the Chambers of Commerce and Industry South Africa (CHAMSA)|url=http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/2006/06051016451002.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071227155326/http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/2006/06051016451002.htm|archive-date=27 December 2007|access-date=19 December 2007|publisher=The Presidency|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Insyd 2007 na dem award Mbeki de Confederation of African Football ein Order of Merit for ein contribution to football on de continent.<ref name="footballmerit">{{cite web|year=2007|title=Mbeki awarded CAF's Order of Merit|url=http://www.sagoodnews.co.za/sa_teaching_the_world/mbeki_awarded_cafs_order_of_merit.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071227153128/http://www.sagoodnews.co.za/sa_teaching_the_world/mbeki_awarded_cafs_order_of_merit.html|archive-date=27 December 2007|access-date=19 December 2007|work=The Good News|df=dmy-all}}</ref> ===Patronages=== * Thabo Mbeki Foundation * Thabo Mbeki African Leadership Institute, an institute of de [[University of South Africa]] in partnership plus de Thabo Mbeki Foundation * Thabo Mbeki Presidential Library * Thabo Mbeki School for Public and International Affairs wey base insyd UNISA. === Foreign honours === Cuba: * [[File:CUB Order of Jose Marti 2nd type (after 1979) ribbon.svg|70x70px]] Medal of de Order of José Martí (2001)<ref>{{cite web |title=Image of CASTRO DECORATES SOUTH AFRICA'S MBEKI IN CUBA, 2001-03-27 (photo) |url=https://www.bridgemanimages.com/en/noartistknown/castro-decorates-south-africa-s-mbeki-in-cuba-2001-03-27-photo/photograph/asset/8317880 |website=www.bridgemanimages.com |access-date=3 March 2024}}</ref> Italy: * [[File:Cordone di gran Croce di Gran Cordone OMRI BAR.svg|70x70px]] Knight Grand Cross plus Collar Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (2002)<ref>{{cite web |title=Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana |url=https://www.quirinale.it/onorificenze/ricerca/insegna/11 |access-date=3 March 2024|language=it}}</ref> Jamaica: * [[File:JAM Order of Excellence sash ribbon.png|70x70px]] Member of de Order of Excellence (2003)<ref name = "OE">{{cite web|title=Order of Excellence (OE) |url=http://opm.gov.jm/awards/order-of-excellence-oe/ |publisher=Office of the Prime Minister [Jamaica]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160621001853/http://opm.gov.jm:80/awards/order-of-excellence-oe/|archive-date=2016-06-21}}</ref> Zambia: * [[File:ZAM Order of the Eagle of Zambia ribbon.svg|70x70px]] Grand Commander of de Order of the Eagle of Zambia (2003)<ref>{{cite news |title=Zambia: Kaunda Awarded the Grand Order of the Eagle of Zambia |url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200301160210.html |access-date=3 March 2024 |date=16 January 2003}}</ref> United Kingdom: * [[File:Order of the Bath UK ribbon.svg|70x70px]] Knight Grand Cross of de Order of the Bath (2007)<ref>{{cite web|date=2017-04-27|title=Kufuor appointed Senior Grand Warden of UK Freemason Lodge|url=https://citifmonline.com/2017/04/kufuor-appointed-senior-grand-warden-of-uk-freemason-lodge/|access-date=2021-01-09|website=Citi 97.3 FM - Relevant Radio. Always|language=en-US}}</ref> * [[File:Order of St John (UK) ribbon -vector.svg|70x70px]] Knight of de Order of Saint John (2007)<ref>{{cite web |title=T Mbeki to be received as knight of Order of St John, 10 May |url=https://www.gov.za/news/t-mbeki-be-received-knight-order-st-john-10-may-08-may-2007 |website=www.gov.za |access-date=3 March 2024}}</ref> * [[File:UK Order St-Michael St-George ribbon.svg|70x70px]] Honorary Knight Grand Cross of de Order of St Michael and St George (2000)<ref name="parliament.uk">{{Cite web |url=http://data.parliament.uk/DepositedPapers/Files/DEP2009-2154/DEP2009-2154.doc |title=Archived copy |access-date=9 January 2021 |archive-date=22 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140422054211/http://data.parliament.uk/DepositedPapers/Files/DEP2009-2154/DEP2009-2154.doc |url-status=dead }}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == '''Short profiles:''' * [https://www.theguardian.com/world/1999/may/29/southafrica "The great persuader"]. ''The Guardian''. 29 May 1999. * [https://www.economist.com/special-report/2005/01/20/a-man-of-two-faces "A man of two faces"]. ''The Economist''. 20 January 2005. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0013-0613 0013-0613]. * Gowers, Andrew (21 February 2005). [https://www.ft.com/content/bf96715a-8442-11d9-ad81-00000e2511c8 "A man in a hurry"]. ''Financial Times''. * McNeil, Donald G. (4 June 1999). [https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/world/africa/060499safrica-mbeki-profile.html "An intellectual guerrilla: Thabo Mbeki"]. ''New York Times''. * Russell, Alec (21 September 2008). [https://www.ft.com/content/0433e6b6-87d3-11dd-b114-0000779fd18c "Thabo Mbeki: Aloof leader who fell from grace"]. ''Financial Times''. * [https://foreveryena.co.za/ "Forever Yena News"] (8 Spril 2025). [https://foreveryena.co.za/business/thabo-mbekis-looted-mineral-empire-corruption-genocide/ "The Genocidal Betrayal of Black Civilisation"]. ''Forever Yena''. '''Books:''' * Adebajo, Adekeye (2017). ''Thabo Mbeki''. Ohio University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-8214-4605-8}}. * Gevisser, Mark (2007). ''Thabo Mbeki: The Dream Deferred''. Jonathan Ball. {{ISBN|978-1-86842-301-9}}. (Published in the United States as ''A Legacy of Liberation: Thabo Mbeki and the Future of the South African Dream''. 2009. St. Martin's Publishing Group. {{ISBN|978-0-230-62020-9}}.) * Glaser, Daryl (2010). ''Mbeki and After: Reflections on the Legacy of Thabo Mbeki''. NYU Press. {{ISBN|978-1-77614-144-9}}. * Gumede, William (2008). ''Thabo Mbeki and the Battle for the Soul of the ANC''. Zed Books. {{ISBN|978-1-84813-259-7}}. * Chikane, Frank (2012). ''Eight Days in September: The Removal of Thabo Mbeki''. Picador Africa. {{ISBN|978-1-77010-221-7}}. * Jacobs, Sean; Calland, Richard (2002). ''Thabo Mbeki's World: The Politics and Ideology of the South African President''. Zed Books. {{ISBN|978-1-84277-179-2}}. * Siko, John (2014). ''Inside South Africa's Foreign Policy: Diplomacy in Africa from Smuts to Mbeki''. I.B. Tauris. {{ISBN|978-0-85773-579-9}}. '''Publications:''' * Mbeki, Thabo (2002). ''Africa Define Yourself''. Tafelberg. {{ISBN|978-0-624-04097-2}}. * Mbeki, Thabo (2022). ''Future Harbours: Letters from President Mbeki''. Faber & Faber. {{ISBN|978-1-77619-145-1}}. == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q101547|c=Category:Thabo Mbeki|n=Category:Thabo Mbeki|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=Author:Thabo Mbeki|wikt=no|species=no}} *[https://www.c-span.org/person/?35425 Appearances] on C-SPAN *[https://nai.uu.se/library/resources/liberation-africa/interviews/thabo-mbeki.html Interview with Tor Sellström] (1995) *[http://www.dirco.gov.za/docs/speeches/1998/mbek0813.htm "African renaissance statement"] (1998) *[https://www.politicsweb.co.za/news-and-analysis/thabo-mbekis-letter-to-jacob-zuma Open letter to Zuma] (2008) {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mbeki, Thabo Mvuyelwa}} [[Category:Thabo Mbeki| ]] [[Category:1942 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:South African people]] [[Category:People wey komot Sakhisizwe Local Municipality]] [[Category:Xhosa people]] [[Category:Alumni of University of London Worldwide]] [[Category:Alumni of de University of London]] [[Category:Alumni of de University of Sussex]] [[Category:Hult International Business School alumni]] [[Category:South African anti-apartheid activists]] [[Category:Chairpersons of de African Union]] [[Category:South African pan-Africanists]] [[Category:Commonwealth Chairpersons-in-Office]] [[Category:Deputy presidents of South Africa]] [[Category:HIV/AIDS denialists]] [[Category:Honorary Knights Grand Cross of de Order of St Michael and St George]] [[Category:Honorary Knights Grand Cross of de Order of the Bath]] [[Category:Knights of de Order of St John]] [[Category:Members of de National Assembly of South Africa 1994–1999]] [[Category:Members of de National Assembly of South Africa 1999–2004]] [[Category:Members of de National Assembly of South Africa 2004–2009]] [[Category:Presidents of de African National Congress]] [[Category:Presidents of South Africa]] [[Category:South African expatriates insyd de United Kingdom]] [[Category:Secretaries-general of de Non-Aligned Movement]] [[Category:Members of de South African Communist Party]] [[Category:UMkhonto we Sizwe personnel]] [[Category:South African social democrats]] [[Category:Mbeki family]] gaj4m9p9h3z7luge286x8u3x2sf7t5i 0 17335 112532 108429 2026-09-25T02:13:57Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112532 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Octavius Valentine Catto''' (February 22, 1839 – October 10, 1871) na he be an American educator, intellectual, den civil rights activist. He cam be principal of male students at de Institute for Colored Youth, wer na he sanso be educated. Na dem born am free insyd Charleston, South Carolina, insyd a prominent mixed-race family, na he move north as a boy plus ein family. After he plete ein education, na he go into teaching, wey he cam be active insyd civil rights. Na he sanso cam be known as a top cricket den baseball player insyd 19th-century Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Na he help organize den play give de Philadelphia Pythians baseball team. Na dem shoot den kill am on election-day insyd Philadelphia, wer ethnic Irish of de Democratic Party, wey na dem be anti-Reconstruction wey dem oppose black suffrage, attack black men make dem prevent dema voting. == Early life == Na dem born Octavius Catto free. Na ein mommie Sarah Isabella Cain be a free member of de city ein prominent mixed-race DeReef family, wich na dem be free for decades wey dem belong to de Brown Fellowship Society, a mark of dema status.<ref name="silcox"/> Na ein poppie, William T. Catto, be an enslaved millwright insyd South Carolina wey gain ein freedom. Na dem ordain am as a Presbyterian minister before he take ein family north, first to Baltimore, den then to Philadelphia, wer na dem settle insyd de free state of Pennsylvania. Na de state gradually abolish slavery, dey begin before de end of de Revolutionary War.<ref name="Delany">{{Cite book|last=Delany|first=M. R.|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/17154|title=The Condition, Elevation, Emigration, and Destiny of the Colored People of the United States|publisher=Self-published|year=1852}}</ref><ref name="Douglass">{{Cite book|last=Douglass|first=F|title=W. T. Catto, ''North Star''|date=October 20, 1848}}</ref> Na William T. Catto be a founding member of Philadelphia ein Banneker Institute, an African-American intellectual den literary society. Na he wrep "A Semi-Centenary Discourse," a history of de First African Presbyterian Church insyd Philadelphia. [[File:20130415-812SOUTHST-CATO.jpg|thumb|812 South Street, Philadelphia (April 2013)]] Na Catto begin ein education at Vaux Primary School den then Lombard Grammar School, institutions specifically for de education of African-Americans, insyd Philadelphia. Insyd 1853, na he enter de, otherwise, all-white Allentown Academy insyd Allentown, New Jersey, wey locate across de Delaware River den 40 miles north. Insyd 1854, wen na ein family return to Philadelphia, he cam be a student at dat city ein Institute for Colored Youth (ICY).<ref name="silcox"/> Managed by de Society of Friends (Quakers), na ICY ein curriculum include de classical study of Latin, Greek, geometry, den trigonometry.<ref name="Catto">{{Cite book|last=Catto|first=O. V.|url=http://www.afrolumens.org/rising_free/waskie2.html|title=Our Alma Mater, An Address Delivered at Concert Hall on the Occasion of the Twelfth Annual Commencement of the Institute for Colored Youth|date=May 10, 1864|publisher=C. Sherman, Printers|location=Philadelphia}}</ref> While a student at ICY, na Catto present papers wey na he take part insyd scholarly discussions at "a young men's instruction society". Led by fellow ICY student [[Jacob C. White Jr.]], na dem meet weekly at de ICY.<ref name="silcox"/> Na Catto graduate from ICY insyd 1858, wey na he win praise from principal Ebenezer Bassett for "outstanding scholarly work, great energy, den perseverance insyd school matters." Na Catto do a year of post-graduate study, wey dey include private tutoring insyd both Greek den Latin, insyd Washington, D. C. == Activism den influence == Insyd 1859, na he return to Philadelphia, wer na dem elect am full member den Recording Secretary of de Banneker Institute. Na dem sanso hire am as teacher of English den mathematics at de ICY.<ref name="silcox"/><ref name="Griffin">{{Cite book|last=Griffin|first=H. H. (n. d.).|url=http://www.pacscl.org/catto/index_kelly.html|title=The Trial of Frank Kelly, for the Assassination and Murder of Octavius V. Catto, On October 10, 1871|publisher=Daily Tribune Publishing Co.|location=Philadelphia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709053715/http://www.pacscl.org/catto/index_kelly.html|archive-date=July 9, 2007}}</ref> On May 10, 1864, na Catto deliver ICY ein commencement address, wich na he give a historical synopsis of de school.<ref name="Catto"/> In addition, na Catto ein address touch on de issue of de potential lack of sensitivity of white teachers toward de needs den interests of African-American students: <blockquote>''It is at least unjust to allow a blind and ignorant prejudice to so far disregard the choice of parents and the will of the colored tax-payers, as to appoint over colored children white teachers, whose intelligence and success, measured by the fruits of their labors, could neither obtain nor secure for them positions which we know would be more congenial to their tastes.<ref name="Catto"/>''</blockquote> Na Catto sanso speak of de Civil War, then in progress. Na he believe dat de United States government for evolve chaw times in order to change. Na he understand dat de change for cam no necessarily be for de benefit of African Americans, buh more for America eim political den industrial welfare. Na dis go be a mutual benefit give all Americans. <blockquote>... ''It is for the purpose of promoting, as far as possible, the preparation of the colored man for the assumption of these new relations with intelligence and with the knowledge which promises success, that the Institute feels called upon at this time to act with more energy and on a broader scale than has heretofore been required.<ref name="Catto"/>''</blockquote> On January 2, 1865, for a gathering at de National Hall insyd Philadelphia make dem celebrate de second anniversary of de [[Emancipation Proclamation]], na Catto "deliver a very able address, wey one wey be a credit to de mind den heart of de speaker."<ref>''Christian Recorder'', January 7, 1865</ref> Insyd 1869, na Bassett lef ICY wen na dem appoint am ambassador to Haiti. Na Catto lobby make he succeed Bassett as principal; however, na de ICY board choose Catto ein fellow teacher, Fanny Jackson Coppin, as head of de school. Na dem elect Catto as de principal of de ICY ein male department.<ref name="silcox">{{Cite journal |last=Silcox |first=Harry C. |year=1977 |title=Nineteenth Century Philadelphia Black Militant: Octavius V. Catto (1839–1871) |url=https://journals.psu.edu/phj/article/view/23956 |journal=Pennsylvania History |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=53–76 |access-date=26 September 2023 |via=PennState University Libraries}}</ref><ref>References to him as an influence on one of his students, Hershel V. Cashin, can be found in the book, {{Cite book|last=Cashin|first=Sheryll|title=The Agitator's Daughter: A Memoir of Four Generations of One Extraordinary African-American Family|url=https://archive.org/details/agitato_cas_2008_00_3361|date=July 31, 2008|publisher=PublicAffairs|isbn=9780786721726}}</ref> Insyd 1870, na Catto join de Franklin Institute, a center for science den education wey na ein white leaders support Catto ein membership despite ein race, in de face of sam opposition. Na Catto serve as principal den teacher at ICY til ein death insyd 1871. Na ein successor insyd de position be Richard Theodore Greener.<ref name="Simmons1887">{{Cite book|last1=Simmons|first1=William|title=Men of Mark: Eminent, Progressive and Rising|last2=Turner|first2=Henry McNeal|publisher=GM Rewell & Company|year=1887|pages=327–335}}</ref> == Activist for equal rights == Na de Civil War increase Catto ein activism for abolition den equal rights. Na he join plus Frederick Douglass den oda black leaders make dem form a Recruitment Committee to sign up black men to fight for de Union den emancipation. After de Confederate invasion of Pennsylvania insyd 1863, na Catto help raise a company of black volunteers for de state ein defense; dema help, however, na dem refuse am by de staff of Major General Darius N. Couch on de grounds say na dem no authorize de men make dem fight. (Na Couch be later reprimanded by US Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton, buh no be til na de aspiring soldiers return to Philadelphia.) Dey act plus Douglass den de Union League, na Catto help raise eleven regiments of United States Colored Troops insyd de Philadelphia area. Na dem sent dese men to de front wey na chaw see action. Na dem commission Catto as a major insyd de army buh na he never see action.<ref name="silcox"/> On Friday, April 21, 1865, at de State House (Independence Hall) insyd Philadelphia, na Catto present de regimental flag to Lieutenant Colonel Trippe, commander of de 24th United States Colored Troops. Na dem report an account of Catto ein presentation speech de day wey dey follow insyd de ''Christian Recorder'': [[File:Men_of_Color_Civil_War_Recruitment_Broadside_1863.png|right|thumb|1863 Broadside dey list Catto as a speaker wey dey call men of color to arms.]] Insyd November 1864, na dem elect Catto make he be de Corresponding Secretary of de Pennsylvania Equal Rights League.<ref name="silcox"/> Na he sanso serve as Vice Pee of de State Convention of Colored People na dem hold insyd Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, insyd February 1865. (''Liberator'' March 3, 1865: 35). Na Catto fight for de desegregation of Philadelphia ein trolley car system, along plus ein fiancée Caroline LeCount den abolitionist William Still.<ref>{{Cite news|date=October 3, 2020|title=Caroline LeCount & the Ohio Street School|url=http://inherownright.org/spotlight/biographical-profiles/feature/caroline-lecount-the-ohio-street-school|access-date=September 28, 2022|website=Biographical Profiles - Explore the story of women's activism through documents & images|language=en}}</ref> De May 18, 1865, issue of de ''New York Times'' run a sstorywey dey discuss de civil disobedience tactics wey Catto employ as na he fight give civil rights: Na dem hold a meeting of de Union League of Philadelphia insyd Sansom Street Hall on Thursday, June 21, 1866, make e protest den denounce de forcible ejection of chaw black women wey komot Philadelphia ein street cars. At dis meeting, na Catto present de resolutions wey dey follow: Na Catto ein crusade give equal rights be capped insyd March 1869, wen na Pennsylvania vote make e ratify de 15th Amendment, wich na e prohibit discrimination against citizens insyd registration den voting based on race, color anaa prior condition; effectively, na e provide suffrage to black men. (Na no women then get de vote.) Na dem fully ratify am insyd 1870. == Sportsman == Na Catto be active no be just insyd de public arenas of education den equal rights, buh sanso on de sporting field. Like chaw oda young men of Philadelphia, both white den black, na Catto begin dey play cricket while insyd school, as na ebe a British tradition.<ref name="silcox"/> Later na he take up de American sport of baseball. Dey follow de Civil War, na he help establish Philadelphia as a major hub of wat cam be Negro league baseball. Along plus Jacob C. White, Jr., na he run de Pythian Base Ball Club of Philadelphia. Na de Pythians get an undefeated season insyd 1867. Dey follow de 1867 season, na Catto, plus support from players from de white Athletic Base Ball Club, apply for de Pythians dema admission into de newly formed Pennsylvania Base Ball Association. As na e cam be clear say dem go lose any vote by de Association, dem withdraw dema application.<ref name="silcox"/> Insyd 1869, na de Pythians challenge various white baseball teams insyd Philadelphia to games. Na de Olympic Ball Club accept de challenge. Na de first match game between black den white baseball teams take place on September 4, 1869, wey dey end insyd de Pythians dema defeat, 44 to 23. (''New York Times'', September 5, 1869) == Street murder == [[File:Octavius_Catto_grave.jpg|thumb|Catto ein grave at Eden Cemetery insyd Collingdale, Pennsylvania]] On Election Day, October 10, 1871, na Catto dey teach insyd Philadelphia. Na fights break out insyd de city between black den white voters, as na de elections be high in tension wey na dem parties reflect racial opposition. Na Black voters, wey na dem mostly be Republican, face intimidation den violence from white voters, especially ethnic Irish, wey na dem be partisans of de city ein Democratic machine. Na Irish immigrants enter de city in great numbers during den after de Great Famine of de 1840s; dem compete plus free blacks for jobs den housing. Na dem call on city police make dem quell de violence. Instead, often na ethnic Irish demaselves, dem exacerbate de problems, dey use dema power make dem prevent black citizens from voting. Na dem later arrest a Lieutenant Haggerty for na he encourage police under ein command to keep African Americans from voting.<ref name="silcox"/> On ein way to vote, na Catto intermittently be harassed by whites. Police reports dey indicate na he purchase a revolver for protection. At de intersection of Ninth den South streets, na Catto be accosted by Frank Kelly, an ethnic Irish man, wey shoot am three times. Na Catto die of ein wounds. Na de city inquest no fi be able make dem determine if na Catto pull ein own gun. Na dem no convict Kelly of assault anaa murder.<ref name="Lamb">{{Cite news|last=Lamb|first=Chris|date=October 8, 2020|title=A 19th-century baseball player fought for Black suffrage — and was killed for it|newspaper=Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2020/10/08/octavius-catto-black-voting-rights-philadelphia|access-date=October 8, 2020}}</ref> Na Catto ein military funeral at Lebanon Cemetery insyd Passyunk be well-attended. De murder of Catto, an important leader, den violence thru out de election, couple plus de resurgence of de anti-Reconstruction Democratic Party insyd de city, mark de beginning of a decline insyd black militancy insyd 19th-century Philadelphia.<ref name="silcox"/> Later, after na dem close down de cemetery, na dem reinter Catto ein remains at Eden Cemetery, insyd Collingdale, Pennsylvania.<ref>[https://montco.today/2020/05/finding-african-american-history-at-darby-boroughs-eden-cemetery/ Philadelphia Magazine: Finding African American History at Delaware County’s Eden Cemetery]</ref> == O. V. Catto Memorial == On June 17, 1878, R. W. Wallace, a biographer of Catto, wrep to de ''Christian Recorder'', wey dey question why na no bro dey take care of Catto ein grave: <blockquote>Can you inform me through your paper, why there is no care taken of Prof. O. V. Catto's grave? I have recently been down to the Cemetery and was surprised to see its condition. Thousands of people have asked me about the same thing, and, when I am compelled to say there is no sign of any stone to his grave, while both white and colored stand ready to help in the matter, it is not creditable to us. Something ought to be done in the matter. I believe almost everybody would give something toward getting a stone. I am the publisher of his life, and am prepared to speak in regard to the interest taken by all classes of people. (Wallace 1878) </blockquote> Sam twenty years later, na de ''New York Times'' report: == 21st century memorial campaign == Na dem initiate an annual remembrance ceremony insyd 1995. On June 14, 2006, na de Board of Trustees of de O. V. Catto Memorial announce de kickoff of a $1.5 million fundraising campaign to erect a memorial statue to Catto. Na de Abraham Lincoln Foundation make de first contribution of $25,000. On October 10, 2007, de 136th anniversary of Catto ein death, na de Octavius V. Catto Memorial Fund erect a headstone at Catto ein burial site at Eden Cemetery insyd Collingdale, Pennsylvania.<ref>{{Cite web|date=June 10, 2016|title=Philadelphia civil rights hero to get statue at City Hall|url=https://www.phillyvoice.com/philadelphian-civil-rights-hero-get-statue-city-hall/|access-date=February 11, 2022|website=PhillyVoice|language=english}}</ref> On July 26, 2011, to commemorate ein life, na de General Meade Society of Philadelphia participate insyd a wreath-laying ceremony at 6th den Lombard Streets insyd Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Na dem present de first OV Catto award dat year. To honor de man affectionately na dem call de "19th century Martin Luther King", Mayor Jim Kenney announce on June 10, 2016, dat a new sculpture make dem commemorate Catto den oda leaders go be erected outsyd Philadelphia City Hall. De sculptural group, ''A Quest for Parity'', wey dey include a twelve-foot bronze statue of Catto, dem install at Philadelphia's City Hall on September 24, 2017, wey dem dedicate am on September 26, 2017. Na de sculptor be Branly Cadet. E be de first public monument insyd Philadelphia make e honor a specific African American.<ref name="Salisbury">{{Cite news|last=Salisbury|first=Stephan|date=September 25, 2017|title=A monument at last for Octavius Catto, the activist who changed Philadelphia|work=Philadelphia Inquirer|url=http://www.philly.com/philly/entertainment/arts/a-monument-at-last-for-octavius-catto-the-activist-who-changed-philadelphia-20170925.html|access-date=September 25, 2017}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==Bibliography== *{{Cite book|last1=Biddle|first1=Daniel R.|url=http://tastingfreedombook.com/|title=Tasting Freedom: Octavius Catto and the Battle for Equality in Civil War America|last2=Dubin|first2=Murray|publisher=Temple University Press|year=2010|isbn=978-1-59213-466-3|location=Philadelphia|archive-date=October 10, 2020|access-date=October 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010184151/http://tastingfreedombook.com/|url-status=dead}} *{{Cite book|last=Lane|first=R.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EbTnCwAAQBAJ|title=William Dorsey's Philadelphia and Ours: On the Past and Future of the Black City in America|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1991|location=New York|isbn=9780195065664}} *{{Cite news|date=January 7, 1865|title=Anniversary of the Banneker Institute|publisher=Christian Recorder}} *{{Cite news|date=April 22, 1865|title=Presentation of Colors to the 24th Regt., U. S. C. T.|newspaper=Christian Recorder}} *{{Cite news|last=Brown|first=J. W.|date=June 30, 1868|title=Home Affairs: The Cars and Our People|newspaper=Christian Recorder}} *{{Cite news|last=Wallace|first=R. W.|date=June 20, 1878|title=Prof. O. V. Catto's Grave|newspaper=Christian Recorder}} *{{Cite news|date=March 3, 1865|title=Convention of Colored People|volume=35|page=35|work=Liberator|issue=9}} *{{Cite news|date=May 18, 1865|title=The Rights of Colored Citizens: Curious Affair in Philadelphia|page=5|work=New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1865/05/18/archives/the-rights-of-colored-citizens-curious-affair-in-philadelphia.html}} *{{Cite news|date=September 5, 1869|title=Base Ball|page=1|work=New York Times}} *{{Cite news|date=November 12, 1897|title=New York Times|page=6|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1897/11/12/archives/mr-wolcotts-hopes.html}} *{{Cite book|last=Waskie|first=A. (n. d.)|url=https://generalmeadesociety.org/octavius-catto-biography|title=Biography of Octavius V. Catto – Forgotten Black Hero of Philadelphia|date=July 3, 2017}} == Read further == * {{Cite news|title=The Forgotten Hero|work=National Public Radio|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=130722484}} * {{Cite web |title=Octavius V. Catto, 1839–1871 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131117005020/http://archives.pacscl.org/catto/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131117005020/https://web.archive.org/web/20131117005020/http://archives.pacscl.org/catto// |archive-date=November 17, 2013 |access-date=November 1, 2013 |website=Research Resources in Philadelphia Collections |publisher=Philadelphia Area Consortium of Special Collections Libraries}} * {{Cite book |last1=Biddle |first1=Daniel R. |title=Tasting Freedom: Octavius Catto and the Battle for Equality in Civil War America |url=https://archive.org/details/tastingfreedomoc0000bidd |last2=Dubin |first2=Murray |date=August 13, 2010 |publisher=Temple University Press |isbn=978-1592134656}} * {{Cite web |title=Forging Citizenship and Opportunity - O.V. Catto's Legacy and America's Civil Rights History |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250726042323/https://catto.ushistory.org/}} == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Catto, Octavius}} [[Category:1839 births]] [[Category:1871 deaths]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:19th-century African-American educators]] [[Category:19th-century American educators]] [[Category:19th-century American sportsmen]] [[Category:19th-century baseball players]] [[Category:Activists for African-American civil rights]] [[Category:Activists wey komot Pennsylvania]] [[Category:Civil rights activists wey komot South Carolina]] [[Category:African Americans insyd de American Civil War]] [[Category:African-American activists]] [[Category:African-American college graduates before 1865]] [[Category:Burials at Eden Cemetery (Collingdale, Pennsylvania)]] [[Category:Burials at Lebanon Cemetery]] [[Category:Cheyney University of Pennsylvania alumni]] [[Category:Deaths by firearm insyd Pennsylvania]] [[Category:Educators wey komot Philadelphia]] [[Category:Educators wey komot South Carolina]] [[Category:African-American people dem murder]] [[Category:Pennsylvania Republicans]] [[Category:People wey komot Charleston, South Carolina]] [[Category:People dem murder insyd 1871]] [[Category:People dem murder insyd Pennsylvania]] [[Category:People of Pennsylvania insyd de American Civil War]] [[Category:Racially motivated violence against African Americans insyd Pennsylvania]] 7w5hjv6zt03dhfmreas3amg8dtkhuu8 0 17458 112554 70807 2026-09-25T02:48:45Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112554 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Masud Rana Sheikh'''<ref name="originpa2">{{cite news|url=https://www.prothomalo.com/entertainment/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%9F-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC-%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0|title=তারকাদের আসল বাড়ি বাড়িতে কম যাওয়া হয় শাকিব খানের|first=Nuton|last=Sheikh|date=22 June 2017|access-date=13 April 2025|newspaper=Prothom Alo}}</ref> (born 28 March 1979), dem better know by de stage name '''Shakib Khan''', be a Bangladeshi actor den filmmaker<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2024-01-20|title=অভিনেতা থেকে ব্যবসায়ী শাকিব খান|url=https://www.prothomalo.com/video/entertainment/1jr04bv4b2|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240124090807/https://www.prothomalo.com/video/entertainment/1jr04bv4b2|archive-date=24 January 2024|access-date=2024-01-24|website=Prothom Alo|language=bn}}</ref> wey dey work insyd Bengali films.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-10-26|title=Shakib Khan set to star Pan-Indian film 'Dard' alongside Sonal Chauhan|url=https://www.tbsnews.net/splash/shakib-khan-set-star-pan-indian-film-dard-alongside-sonal-chauhan-726942|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240308101652/https://www.tbsnews.net/splash/shakib-khan-set-star-pan-indian-film-dard-alongside-sonal-chauhan-726942|archive-date=8 March 2024|access-date=2024-06-22|website=The Business Standard|language=en}}</ref> He be widely regard as one of de most popular figures of all time insyd Bengali cinema plus ein career wey dey span about two decades den 250 films.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024-06-16|title='তুফান' ট্রেলারে দুই বাংলা জুড়ে শাকিব বন্দনা|url=https://www.channelionline.com/shakib-khan-toofan-trailer/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240622042716/https://www.channelionline.com/shakib-khan-toofan-trailer/|archive-date=22 June 2024|access-date=2024-06-22|website=চ্যানেল আই অনলাইন|language=en-US|quote=In the trailer of the 250th film of his career, megastar Shakib Khan appears to have showcased a new magic! The much-anticipated trailer of the film Toofan has been released online.}}</ref> Referred to insyd de media as "King Khan", na Khan be de propeller of de contemporary film industry, Dhallywood wey he be one of de highest paid actor insyd Bangladesh den West Bengal.<ref>{{Cite web|last=বাংলাদেশ|first=Daily Bangladesh :: ডেইলি|title=Shakib returns Tk 40 lakh, remuneration now 1cr after 'Priyotoma'|url=https://www.daily-bangladesh.com/english/entertainment/86916|access-date=2024-06-24|website=Daily Bangladesh|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2023-09-12|title=Is Shakib Khan really charging 1 crore for a film?|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/entertainment/tv-film/news/shakib-khan-really-charging-1-crore-film-3417086|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240624203913/https://www.thedailystar.net/entertainment/tv-film/news/shakib-khan-really-charging-1-crore-film-3417086|archive-date=24 June 2024|access-date=2024-06-24|website=The Daily Star|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|author=Ershad Kamol|date=10 August 2018|title=I'm hopeful of global release of my films: Shakib Khan|url=https://www.newagebd.net/article/48039/im-hopeful-of-global-release-of-my-films-shakib-khan|access-date=27 June 2020|work=New Age|language=en|archive-date=29 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629142457/https://www.newagebd.net/article/48039/im-hopeful-of-global-release-of-my-films-shakib-khan|url-status=live}}</ref> Na he do ein debut insyd 1999 insyd action romantic ''Ananta Bhalobasha''.<ref name=":1">{{cite news|script-title=bn:শাকিব খানের ২০ বছর|url=https://mzamin.com/article.php?mzamin=174673|access-date=15 July 2019|work=Manab Zamin|date=28 May 2019|language=bn|archive-date=28 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190528155932/http://www.mzamin.com/article.php?mzamin=174673|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Interview with No. 1 Shakib Khan|url=http://www.theindependentbd.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=21980:interview-with-no-1-shakib-khan&catid=175:weekend-independent&Itemid=213|newspaper=The Independent|location=Dhaka|date=3 December 2010|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130204110953/http://www.theindependentbd.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=21980:interview-with-no-1-shakib-khan&catid=175:weekend-independent&Itemid=213|archive-date=4 February 2013|access-date=13 August 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> Despite he establish einself as a lead actor insyd de movies ''Ajker Dapot'', ''Mayer Jihad'', ''Dujon Dujonar'', ''Porena Chokher Polok'', ''Sobar Upore Prem'', ''Boba Khuni'' den Juddhe Jabo, na e be de movie ''Shahoshi Manush Chai'' wich start ein rise to stardom along plus increase insyd ein salary from three lakhs to 30 lakhs plus followed success insyd ''Ajker Somaj'', ''Noyon Bhora Jol'', ''Palta Akromon'', ''Badha'', den ''Khuni Shikder''.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.tbsnews.net/splash/shakib-khan-last-stars-862061|title=Shakib Khan: The last of the stars|newspaper=The Business Standard|date=24 May 2024|language=bn|access-date=3 June 2025|archive-date=30 July 2024|archive-url=https://www.tbsnews.net/|url-status=live}}</ref> On to 2006, na ein career go further uphill wey na dis make am among top actors of de industry plus films blockbuster den high-grossing films ''Chachchu'', ''Ek Takar Bou'', ''Mayer Morjada'', ''Rajdhanir Raja'', ''Dadima'', ''Amar Praner Priya'', ''Koti Takar Kabin'' den ''Pitar Ason''. Plus de movie ''Priya Amar Priya'', wich cam be de highest grossing film of 2000's, he cam be de top star of de industry. Continuing to ein massive stardom, ein movies such as ''Number One Shakib Khan'', ''Bhalobaslei Ghor Bandha Jay Na'', wich na sanso be among top grossers of 2000's.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://unb.com.bd/category/Entertainment/top-10-highest-earning-bangladeshi-films/124928|title=Top 10 Highest-Earning Bangladeshi Films|newspaper=United News Bangladesh|date=3 November 2023|language=bn|access-date=4 June 2025|archive-date=4 June 2025|archive-url=https://unb.com.bd/|url-status=live}}</ref> After death of Manna, na he finally cam be de top star insyd de film industry. Plus films such as ''100% Love: Buk Fatey To Mukh Foteyna'', ''I Love You'', ''King Khan'', ''Adorer Jamai'', ''Don Number One'', ''Jaan Kurbaan'', ''Koti Takar Prem'', ''Tiger Number One'', ''Judge Barrister Police Commissioner'', national award winning film ''Khodar Pore Ma'', ''Dhakar King'', ''Devdas'', ''Boss Number One'', ''I Love You'', ''My Name Is Khan'', ''Purno Doirgho Prem Kahini'', ''Love Marriage'', den anoda national award winning film ''Aro Bhalobashbo Tomay'', na he keep on dey prove einself as a top actor plus diverse characters such as an innocent homeless guy wey loose ein family wey he cam be a criminal, an innocent kind man wey dey use love make he stop a family rivalry, a person wey dey fight against injustice den dey show de evil people of de society, anaa mad lover wey go do anything for ein love.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/entertainment/tv-film/news/25-years-shakib-khan-249-films-hits-and-more-come-3621191|title=25 years of Shakib Khan: 249 films, hits, and more to come|newspaper=The Daily Star|date=28 May 2024|language=bn|access-date=4 June 2025|archive-date=28 May 2024|archive-url=https://www.thedailystar.net/|url-status=live}}</ref> Khan earn chaw accolades insyd ein long career, wey dey include four National Film Awards, eight Meril Prothom Alo Awards,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.prothomalo.com/entertainment/article/1153141/%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%89%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC|script-title=bn:ছেলে আব্রামকে পুরস্কার উৎসর্গ করলেন শাকিব|newspaper=Prothom Alo|date=22 April 2016|language=bn|access-date=23 April 2017|archive-date=30 July 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240730020036/https://www.prothomalo.com/entertainment/%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%89%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97-%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC|url-status=live}}</ref> three Bachsas Awards den five CJFB Performance Awards. He win ein first National Film Awards for Best Actor insyd 2010 for de film ''Bhalobaslei Ghor Bandha Jay Na''. Na dem note am for ein performance insyd ''Aro Bhalobashbo Tomay'' (2015) den ''Swatta'' (2017), wey he win third den fourth National Film Award respectively.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|date=7 November 2019|script-title=bn:চতুর্থ বারের মত সেরা নায়ক শাকিব খান|url=https://www.bd-journal.com/entertainment/94163/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC-%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209115441/https://www.bd-journal.com/entertainment/94163/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC-%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8|archive-date=9 December 2019|access-date=9 December 2019|website=Bangladesh Journal Online|language=bn}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==Sources== * {{cite web|last=BFDC|year=2012|title=List of National Film Award recipients name 1975-2012|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101054813/http://www.fdc.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/fdc.portal.gov.bd/page/bb7b3294_ac88_4651_b882_cc8574bf1926/National%20Award1975-2012%20%281%29.pdf|website=Bangladesh Film Development Corporation|publisher=Ministry of Information (Bangladesh)|access-date=1 November 2020|location=Dhaka|pages=1–23|language=bn|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101054813/http://www.fdc.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/fdc.portal.gov.bd/page/bb7b3294_ac88_4651_b882_cc8574bf1926/National%20Award1975-2012%20%281%29.pdf|archive-date=1 November 2020}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q7462919|c=Category:Shakib Khan|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://www.facebook.com/iamShakibKhanbd Shakib Khan] on Facebook * [[imdbname:3492497|Shakib Khan]] at IMDb * [https://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/shakib_khan Shakib Khan] at Rotten Tomatoes {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Khan, Shakib}} [[Category:Shakib Khan| ]] [[Category:1979 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Bengali male actors]] [[Category:Male actors wey komot Dhaka]] [[Category:People wey komot Gopalganj District, Bangladesh]] [[Category:21st-century Bangladeshi male singers]] [[Category:Bangladeshi playback singers]] [[Category:Bangladeshi male film actors]] [[Category:Male actors insyd Bengali cinema]] [[Category:Best Actor National Film Award (Bangladesh) winners]] [[Category:21st-century Bangladeshi male actors]] [[Category:Bangladeshi film producers]] [[Category:Bangladeshi Muslims]] [[Category:CJFB Performance Award Winners]] [[Category:Meril-Prothom Alo Awards winners]] [[Category:Best Film Actor Meril-Prothom Alo Award winners]] [[Category:Best Film Actor Meril-Prothom Alo Critics Choice Award winners]] t99s0a1xyez4a54s1o1kq6nk0l8r08w 0 17463 112552 110951 2026-09-25T02:41:58Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112552 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Rwandan genocide''', dem sanso know as de '''genocide against the Tutsi''', occur from 7 April to 19 July 1994 during de Rwandan Civil War.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Barnett |first=Michael |title=Eyewitness to a Genocide: The United Nations and Rwanda |url=https://archive.org/details/eyewitnesstogeno00barn_0 |publisher=Cornell University Press |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-8014-3883-7 |edition=Afterword |pages=[https://archive.org/details/eyewitnesstogeno00barn_0/page/2 1], 15, 131–132 |language=en}}</ref> Over a span of around 100 days, na Hutu militias systematically kill members of de Tutsi ethnic group, as well as sam moderate Hutu den Twa. While na de Rwandan Constitution dey state say na dem kill over 1 million people, chaw scholarly estimates dey suggest na between 500,000 den 662,000 Tutsi die, mostly men.<ref name="Reydams">{{cite journal |last1=Reydams |first1=Luc |date=2020 |title='More than a million': the politics of accounting for the dead of the Rwandan genocide |journal=Review of African Political Economy |volume=48 |issue=168 |pages=235–256 |doi=10.1080/03056244.2020.1796320 |s2cid=225356374 |quote=The government eventually settled on 'more than a million', a claim which few outside Rwanda have taken seriously. |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Guichaoua |first=André |date=2 January 2020 |title=Counting the Rwandan Victims of War and Genocide: Concluding Reflections |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2019.1703329 |url-status=live |journal=Journal of Genocide Research |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=125–141 |doi=10.1080/14623528.2019.1703329 |issn=1462-3528 |s2cid=213471539 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217170428/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14623528.2019.1703329 |archive-date=17 February 2022 |access-date=27 May 2021|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=McGreal |first=Chris |date=29 March 2004 |title='It's so difficult to live with what we know' |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/mar/29/rwanda.chrismcgreal |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=1756-3224}}</ref> Na de genocide be marked by extreme violence, plus victims often murdered by neighbors, den widespread sexual violence, plus na dem rape between 250,000 den 500,000 women. Na de genocide be rooted insyd long-standing ethnic tensions, wey be exacerbated by de Rwandan Civil War, wich na e begin insyd 1990 wen de Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), a predominantly Tutsi rebel group, invade Rwanda from Uganda. Na de war reach a tentative peace plus de Arusha Accords insyd 1993. However, na de assassination of Presido Juvénal Habyarimana on 6 April 1994 ignite de genocide, as na Hutu extremists use de power vacuum to target Tutsi den moderate Hutu leaders.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sullivan|first=Ronald|date=7 April 1994|title=Juvenal Habyarimana, 57, Ruled Rwanda for 21 Years|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/04/07/obituaries/juvenal-habyarimana-57-ruled-rwanda-for-21-years.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230613184943/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/04/07/obituaries/juvenal-habyarimana-57-ruled-rwanda-for-21-years.html|archive-date=13 June 2023|access-date=19 February 2020|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Despite de scale of de atrocities, na de international community fail make e intervene to stop de killings.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ignoring Genocide (HRW Report – Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, March 1999)|url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno15-8-01.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231028003802/https://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/rwanda/Geno15-8-01.htm|archive-date=28 October 2023|access-date=16 June 2019|website=www.hrw.org}}</ref> Na de RPF resume military operations in response to de genocide, eventually defeating de government forces den ending de genocide by capturing all government-controlled territory. Na dis lead to de flight of de génocidaires den chaw Hutu refugees into Zaire (now de Democratic Republic of the Congo), contributing to regional instability wey e trigger de First Congo War insyd 1996. De legacy of de genocide remain significant insyd Rwanda. De country institute public holidays make dem commemorate de event wey dem pass laws wey dey criminalize "genocide ideology" den "divisionism".<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sullo|first1=Pietro|title=The Palgrave Handbook of State-Sponsored History After 1945|date=2018|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK|isbn=978-1-349-95306-6|pages=69–85|language=en|chapter=Writing History Through Criminal Law: State-Sponsored Memory in Rwanda}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Yakaré-Oulé |first=Jansen |date=11 April 2014 |title=Denying Genocide or Denying Free Speech? A Case Study of the Application of Rwanda's Genocide Denial Laws |url=https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njihr/vol12/iss2/3/ |url-status=live |journal=Northwestern Journal of Human Rights |volume=12 |issue=2 |page=192 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616173200/https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njihr/vol12/iss2/3/ |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019}}</ref> ==Maps of Rwanda== <!-- Peer review: Does this need to be here? --><gallery mode="packed" heights="200"> File:Percentage of Tutsi population in Rwandan communes in 1983.svg|Ethnic distribution of Tutsis insyd 1983. File:Political allegiance of burgomasters in Rwanda at the beginning of April 1994.svg|Map wey dey show de geographical strongholds of de Rwandan political parties at de beginning of April 1994. </gallery> == References == <references /> === Bibliography === * {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0XNvklcqbwC |title=Encyclopedia of Africa, Volume 1 |last2=Gates |first2=Henry Louis |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-19-533770-9 |edition=Illustrated |location=Oxford |last1=Appiah |first1=Anthony |access-date=25 September 2016 |archive-date=11 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111210158/https://books.google.com/books?id=A0XNvklcqbwC |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |last=Akhavan |first=Payam |year=1996 |title=The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda: The Politics and Pragmatics of Punishment |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-international-law_1996-07_90_3/page/501 |journal=American Journal of International Law |volume=90 |pages=501–10 |jstor=2204076 |author-link= |number=3 |doi=10.2307/2204076 |s2cid=147317048 }} * {{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/newsMaps/idUSL568658520080805 |title=Rwanda accuses France directly over 1994 genocide |last=Asiimwe |first=Arthur |date=5 August 2008 |publisher=Reuters |access-date=13 July 2014 |archive-date=20 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220061639/http://www.reuters.com/article/newsMaps/idUSL568658520080805 |url-status=live }} * {{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/06/world/africa/06briefs-FRENCHACCUSE_BRF.html|title=Rwanda: French accused in genocide|date=6 August 2008|newspaper=The New York Times|agency=Associated Press|access-date=13 July 2014|archive-date=11 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150611010257/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/06/world/africa/06briefs-FRENCHACCUSE_BRF.html|url-status=live}} * {{cite journal |last=Aptel |first=Cicile |year=2008 |title=Closing the U.N. 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Publishers|year=1998|isbn=978-1-85065-372-1|edition=2nd|location=London}} * {{cite book|last=Prunier|first=Gérard|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O3aNPwAACAAJ|title=The Rwanda Crisis: History of a Genocide|publisher=Fountain Publishers Limited|year=1999|isbn=978-9970-02-089-8|edition=2nd|location=Kampala|access-date=25 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111210201/https://books.google.com/books?id=O3aNPwAACAAJ|archive-date=11 January 2023|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Prunier|first=Gérard|title=Africa's World War: Congo, the Rwandan Genocide, and the Making of a Continental Catastrophe|url=https://archive.org/details/africasworldwarc0000prun|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2009|isbn=978-0-19-970583-2|location=Oxford}} * {{cite news|url=http://www.english.rfi.fr/africa/20140410-twenty-years-after-genocide-france-and-rwanda-give-different-versions-history|title=Twenty years after genocide France and Rwanda give different versions of history|date=10 April 2014|ref={{sfnref|RFI|2014}}|author=Radio France International (RFI)|access-date=13 July 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304081248/http://www.english.rfi.fr/africa/20140410-twenty-years-after-genocide-france-and-rwanda-give-different-versions-history|url-status=live}} * {{cite journal |last=Rettig |first=Max |year=2008 |title=Gacaca: Truth, Justice, and Reconciliation in Post-conflict in Rwanda? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_african-studies-review_2008-12_51_3/page/25 |journal=African Studies Review |volume=51 |pages=25–50 |doi=10.1353/arw.0.0091 |jstor=27667378 |s2cid=144438458 |number=3}} * {{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/ozatp-france-rwanda-relations-idAFJOE5AS09920091129|title=France and Rwanda agree to restore relations|date=29 November 2009|work=Reuters|access-date=9 February 2013|archive-date=7 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107171801/http://www.reuters.com/article/ozatp-france-rwanda-relations-idAFJOE5AS09920091129|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Reyntjens|first=Filip|title=Political Governance in Post-Genocide Rwanda|date=2013|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-67879-8|location=Cambridge}} * {{cite book|last=Rittner|first=Carol|title=''In Steven Leonard Jacobs, ed.'', Confronting Genocide: Judaism, Christianity, Islam ''(pp.&nbsp;291–305)''|url=https://archive.org/details/confrontinggenoc0000unse_k9d6|publisher=Lexington Books|year=2009|isbn=978-0-7391-3588-4|location=Lanham, MD|chapter=Rape, Religion, and Genocide: An Unholy Silence}} * {{cite journal |last=Sarkin |first=Jeremy |year=2001 |title=The Tension between Justice and Reconciliation in Rwanda: Politics, Human Rights, Due Process, and the Role of the Gacaca Courts in Dealing with the Genocide |journal=Journal of African Law |volume=45 |pages=143–72 |doi=10.1017/s0221855301001675 |jstor=3558953 |s2cid=145601527 |number=2}} * {{cite web|last=Shyaka|first=Anastase|title=The Rwandan Conflict: Origin, Development, Exit Strategies|url=http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4746/3833.pdf?sequence=1|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503190158/https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/4746/3833.pdf?sequence=1|archive-date=3 May 2019|access-date=16 February 2012|publisher=National Unity and Reconciliation Commission, Republic of Rwanda}} * {{cite journal |last=Silva-Leander |first=Sebastian |year=2008 |title=On the Danger and Necessity of Democratisation: trade-offs between short-term stability and long-term peace in post-genocide Rwanda |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_third-world-quarterly_2008_29_8/page/1601 |journal=Third World Quarterly |volume=29 |pages=1601–20 |doi=10.1080/01436590802528754 |s2cid=153736296 |number=8}} * {{Cite book|last=Straus|first=Scott|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WyIdXtnTe7EC|title=The Order of Genocide: Race, Power, and War in Rwanda|date=2013|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-0-8014-6714-1|language=en}} * {{cite journal |last=Tiemessen |first=Alana Erin |year=2004 |title=After Arusha: Gacaca Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216203838/http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq/v8/v8i1a4.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=African Studies Quarterly |volume=8 |pages=57–76 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216203838/https://web.archive.org/web/20121216203838/http://www.africa.ufl.edu/asq/v8/v8i1a4.pdf |archive-date=16 December 2012 |number=1}} * {{cite book|last1=Totten|first1=Samuel|title=Dictionary of Genocide, Volume 2: M–Z|last2=Bartrop|first2=Paul Robert|last3=Jacobs|first3=Steven L.|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2008|isbn=978-0-313-34644-6|location=Westport, CT}} * {{cite journal |last=Tully |first=L. Danielle |year=2003 |title=Human Rights Compliance and the Gacaca Jurisdictions in Rwanda |url=http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/iclr/vol26/iss2/10 |url-status=live |journal=Boston College International and Comparative Law Review |volume=26 |pages=385–411 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923204814/http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/iclr/vol26/iss2/10/ |archive-date=23 September 2016 |access-date=15 August 2013 |number=2}} * {{Cite book|last=Twagilimana|first=Aimable|title=Historical dictionary of Rwanda|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldictio0000twag|date=2007|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-5313-3|oclc=141852090}} * {{cite web|author=United Nations|title=Rwanda-UNAMIR Background|url=http://www.un.org/Depts/DPKO/Missions/unamir_b.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023091614/http://www.un.org/Depts/DPKO/Missions/unamir_b.htm|archive-date=23 October 2018|access-date=3 October 2018}} * {{cite book|author=United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080819214105/http://pbpu.unlb.org/pbps/Library/Capstone_Doctrine_ENG.pdf|title=United Nations Peacekeeping Operations: Principles and Guidelines|publisher=[[United Nations]] Secretariat|year=2008|location=New York|ref={{Harvid|UN|2008}}|author-link=United Nations|access-date=23 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080819214105/https://web.archive.org/web/20080819214105/http://pbpu.unlb.org/pbps/Library/Capstone_Doctrine_ENG.pdf|archive-date=19 August 2008|url-status=dead}} * {{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/20/world/panel-finds-french-errors-in-judgment-on-rwanda.html|title=Panel Finds French Errors in Judgment on Rwanda|last=Whitney|first=Craig R.|date=20 December 1998|work=The New York Times|location=New York|access-date=9 February 2013|archive-date=16 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716161358/http://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/20/world/panel-finds-french-errors-in-judgment-on-rwanda.html|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Powell|first=Christopher|title=Barbaric Civilization|url=https://archive.org/details/barbaricciviliza0000powe|publisher=McGill-Queen's University Press|year=2011|isbn=978-0-7735-3856-6|location=Montreal & Kingston, London, Ithaca}} * {{cite book|last1=Totten|first1=Samuel|title=Century of Genocide|url=https://archive.org/details/centuryofgenocid0000unse_l7f1|last2=Parsons|first2=William S|publisher=Routledge|year=2009|isbn=978-0-203-89043-1|location=New York and Londo}} == Read further == * {{Cite book |last=Fujii |first=Lee Ann |date=2011 |title=Killing Neighbors: Webs of Violence in Rwanda |location=Ithaca, NY |publisher=Cornell University Press |isbn=978-0-8014-5737-1 |language=en}} * {{Cite book |last=Gourevitch |first=Philip |year=1999 |title=We Wish to Inform You that Tomorrow We Will Be Killed with Our Families: Stories from Rwanda |location=New York |publisher=Picador/Farrar, Straus, and Giroux: Distributed by Holtzbrinck Publishers |isbn=978-0-312-24335-7}} * {{Cite journal |last=Kamusella |first=Tomasz |date=July 2022 |title=Ethnicity and Estate: The Galician Jacquerie and the Rwandan Genocide Compared |journal=Nationalities Papers |volume=50 |issue=4 |pages=684–703 |doi=10.1017/nps.2021.12 |doi-access=free |issn=0090-5992 |language=en }} * {{Cite book |last=McDoom |first=Omar Shahabudin |date=2020 |title=The Path to Genocide in Rwanda: Security, Opportunity, and Authority in an Ethnocratic State |series=African Studies Series 152 |location=New York |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-108-86883-9 |oclc=1154947401 |language=en}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q131297|c=Category:Rwandan genocide|n=Category:Rwandan Genocide|b=no|q=no|v=Rwandan Genocide|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://unictr.irmct.org/ United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Rwandan genocide| ]] [[Category:1994 insyd Rwanda]] [[Category:1994 murders insyd Africa]] [[Category:20th-century mass murder insyd Africa]] [[Category:Ethnic cleansing insyd Africa]] [[Category:Genocides insyd Africa]] [[Category:Mass murder insyd 1994]] [[Category:Massacres insyd Rwanda]] [[Category:Massacres insyd 1994]] [[Category:Massacres of ethnic groups]] [[Category:Military scandals]] [[Category:Peacekeeping operations]] [[Category:Responsibility to protect]] [[Category:United Nations operations insyd Rwanda]] [[Category:April 1994 crimes]] [[Category:April 1994 insyd Africa]] [[Category:May 1994 crimes]] [[Category:1994 disasters insyd Rwanda]] [[Category:May 1994 insyd Africa]] [[Category:June 1994 crimes]] [[Category:June 1994 insyd Africa]] [[Category:July 1994 crimes]] [[Category:July 1994 insyd Africa]] kwtuqy1t8ew9o9dizvvs54zyq259a6g 0 17655 112470 110758 2026-09-25T00:38:01Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112470 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Dahomey Amazons''' (Fon: '''Agojie''', '''Agoji''', '''Mino''', anaa '''Minon''') na dem be a Fon all-female military regiment of de Kingdom of Dahomey (insyd today ein [[Benin]], West Africa) wey exist from de 17th century til de late 19th century. Na dem be de only female army insyd modern history.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Danielle |last=Paquette|title=They were the world's only all-female army. Their descendants are fighting to recapture their humanity. |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/08/26/amazons-dahomey-benin/ |access-date=July 26, 2022 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> Na dem name dem Amazons by Western Europeans wey encounter dem, secof de story of de female warriors of Amazons insyd Greek mythology. Na de emergence of an all-female military regiment be de result of Dahomey ein male population wey dey face high casualties insyd de increasingly frequent violence den warfare plus neighbouring [[West Africa|West African]] states. Na dis lead to Dahomey be one of de leading states insyd de [[Atlantic slave trade|slave trade]] plus de Oyo Empire, wich na dem use slaves for commodity exchange insyd West Africa til de slave trade insyd de region end. Na de lack of men likely lead de kings of Dahomey make dem recruit women into de army. Na de formation of a female-only army unit be a retaliation den maneuver around de forced tribute of male slaves to Oyo each year.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last1=Serbin|first1=Sylvia|url=http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/publications/dahome_en.pdf|title=The women soldiers of Dahomey|last2=Masioni|first2=Pat|last3=Joubeaud|first3=Edouard|last4=Adande|first4=Joseph C. E.|publisher=UNESCO|year=2015|isbn=978-92-3-100115-4|series=UNESCO Women in African History|location=Paris|language=en|doi=|access-date=October 31, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029144039/http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/publications/dahome_en.pdf|archive-date=2021-10-29}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Bibliography == * {{cite book|last1=Alpern|first1=Stanley B.|url=https://archive.org/details/amazonsofblacksp0000alpe|title=Amazons of Black Sparta: The Women Warriors of Dahomey|date=1998b|publisher=New York University Press|isbn=978-0-8147-0678-7|edition=1st|location=New York, U.S.|url-access=registration}} * {{cite news|last1=Araujo, Ana Lucia|first1=& Suzanne Blier|title=What 'The Woman King' gets wrong — and right — about Dahomey's warriors|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/made-by-history/2022/09/20/what-woman-king-gets-wrong-right-about-dahomeys-warriors/|newspaper=Washington Post|access-date=March 21, 2023|date=September 20, 2022}} * Bernard, A. S. 1998. Amazons of Black Sparta. London, C Hurst & Co. Bourgeon, F. 1979 – 1984. * {{cite web|last1=Clodfelter|first1=Tim|date=August 5, 2017|title=Play tells story of West African warrior women|url=https://www.journalnow.com/relishnow/nbtf/play-tells-story-of-west-african-warrior-women/article_35a8048d-e1f9-5cc0-bd57-4825292ab305.html|access-date=August 15, 2018|website=Winston-Salem Journal}} * {{cite web|last1=Dash|first1=Mike|date=September 23, 2011|title=Dahomey's Women Warriors|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/dahomeys-women-warriors-88286072/|access-date=August 14, 2018|website=Smithsonian.com}} * {{cite web|last1=Historical Museum of Abomey|title=The Amazons|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017132032/http://epa-prema.net/abomeyGB/resources/amazons.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017132032/https://web.archive.org/web/20131017132032/http://epa-prema.net/abomeyGB/resources/amazons.htm|archive-date=October 17, 2013|access-date=August 14, 2018|website=Historical Museum of Abomey}} * {{cite web|last1=Johnson|first1=Jazzi|date=February 23, 2018|title=If You Loved Black Panther's Dora Milaje, Meet the Dahomey Amazons|url=https://www.teenvogue.com/story/black-panther-dora-milaje-dahomey-amazons|access-date=August 14, 2018|website=Teen Vogue Magazine}} * {{cite journal |last1=Law |first1=Robin |date=1993 |title=The 'Amazons' of Dahomey |journal=Paideuma: Mitteilungen zur Kulturkunde |publisher=Frobenius Institute |volume=39 |pages=245–260 |jstor=40341664}} * {{cite journal |last1=Yoder |first1=John C. |date=1974 |title=Fly and Elephant parties: Political polarization in Dahomey, 1840–1870 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-african-history_1974_15_3/page/417 |journal=The Journal of African History |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=417–432 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700013566 |s2cid=162286376}} == Read further == * Bay, Edna G. ''Wives of the Leopard: Gender, Culture, and Politics in the Kingdom of Dahomey''. Charlottesville, 1998. * Burton, Richard, ''[[iarchive:missiontogelelek01burtuoft|A Mission to Gelele, King of Dahome]]''. London, 1864. * D'Almeida-Topor, Hélène. ''Les Amazones, Une armée de femmes dans l’Afrique précoloniale''. Paris: Editions Rochevignes, 1984. * Edgerton, Robert B. ''Warrior Women: The Amazons of Dahomey and the Nature of War''. Boulder: Westview Press, 2000. * Forbes, Frederick E. ''[[iarchive:bub_gb_ngLr7B6zBM8C|Dahomey and the Dahomans, Being the Journals of Two Missions to the King of Dahomey and the Residence at his Capital in the Years 1849 and 1850]]''. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. 1851. * Grossman, D. ''On Killing: The Psychological Cost of Learning To Kill in War and Society''. New York: Back Bay Books / Little, Brown and Company, 1995, {{ISBN|0-316-33011-6}}, pp.&nbsp;175. * Holmes. R. ''Acts of War: the behavior of men in battle''. New York: Free Press, 1985. * Newark, Tim, and Angus McBride. ''Women Warlords: An Illustrated Military History of Female Warriors''. Blandford Press, 1989, {{ISBN|0-7137-1965-6}}. * Peukert, W. ''Der Atlantische Sklavenhandel von Dahomey, 1740–1797''. Wiesbaden, 1978 (in German). == External links == {{commons}} * [http://epa-prema.net/abomeyGB/resources/amazons.htm "The Amazons"], from the Historical Museum of Abomey. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131017132032/http://epa-prema.net/abomeyGB/resources/amazons.htm Archived] October 17, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. [[Category:African resistance to colonialism]] [[Category:African women insyd war]] [[Category:All-female military units den formations]] [[Category:Military units den formations of de early modern period]] [[Category:Military units den formations of de late modern period]] [[Category:Folklore]] [[Category:French West Africa]] [[Category:Kingdom of Dahomey]] [[Category:Military history of Africa]] [[Category:Women insyd 17th-century warfare]] [[Category:Women insyd 18th-century warfare]] [[Category:Women insyd 19th-century warfare]] [[Category:History of women insyd Benin]] s3r7b0r6f9rjt92oh3iwgifxj09whk7 0 17999 112462 72172 2026-09-25T00:14:26Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112462 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Boko Haram''', dem officially know as '''Jama'at Ahl al-Sunna li al-Da'wa wa al-Jihad'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sayyid Qutb and Nearness With Rafidees: Nawab Safawi Al-Shi'iyy|url=http://www.ikhwanis.com/articles/mfvhkde-sayyid-qutb-and-nearness-with-rafidees-nawab-safawi-al-shiiyy.cfm|access-date=2021-08-20|website=www.ikhwanis.com}}</ref> (Arabic: جماعة أهل السنة للدعوة والجهاد, <small>romanized:</small> ''Jamā'at Ahl as-Sunnah lid-Da'wah wa'l-Jihād'', <small>lit. </small>'Group of the People of Sunnah for Dawah and Jihad'),<ref>{{cite web|date=4 March 2015|title=Is Islamic State shaping Boko Haram media?|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-31522469|url-status=live|access-date=24 September 2015|work=BBC News}}</ref> be a self-proclaimed jihadist militant group wey base insyd northeastern [[Nigeria]] wey e sanso be active insyd [[Chad]], [[Niger]], northern [[Cameroon]], den [[Mali]].<ref name="Bureau">{{cite web|author=Bureau of Counterterrorism|title=Country Reports on Terrorism 2013|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/ct/rls/crt/2013/224829.htm|access-date=7 August 2014|publisher=U.S. Department of State}}</ref> Insyd 2016, na de group split, resulting insyd de emergence of a hostile faction dem know as de Islamic State's West Africa Province. == International responses == === Dates of designation as a terrorist organization === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Country/Organization ! data-sort-type="date" |Date |- |[[Australia]] |26 June 2014<ref name="Australia proscribed">{{cite web|title=Listed terrorist organisations, Australian National Security|url=http://www.nationalsecurity.gov.au/Listedterroristorganisations/Pages/default.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161025195553/https://www.nationalsecurity.gov.au/Listedterroristorganisations/Pages/default.aspx|archive-date=25 October 2016|access-date=8 January 2014}}</ref> |- |Bahrain |<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bahrain Terrorist List (individuals – entities)|url=https://www.mofa.gov.bh/Default.aspx?tabid=12342&language=en-US|website=www.mofa.gov.bh}}</ref> |- |{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Canada]] |24 December 2013<ref name="Canada proscribed">{{cite web|title=Currently listed entities, Public Safety Canada|url=http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/ntnl-scrt/cntr-trrrsm/lstd-ntts/crrnt-lstd-ntts-eng.aspx|access-date=8 January 2014}}</ref> |- |[[China]] |<ref name="scmp.com">{{cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/china-insider/article/1507498/china-pledges-help-nigerias-hunt-boko-haram-militants|title=China pledges help to Nigeria's hunt for Boko Haram militants|date=8 May 2014|work=South China Morning Post}}</ref> |- |[[Iraq]] |<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://diyaruna.com/en_GB/articles/cnmi_di/features/2020/02/20/feature-03|title=Iraqi government freezes assets of 93 terrorism supporting entities|first=Khalid|last=al-Taie|website=Diyaruna}}</ref> |- |Malaysia |2014<ref>{{cite web|title=ANTI MONEY ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING, ANTI-TERRORISM FINANCING AND PROCEEDS OF UNLAWFUL ACTIVITIES ACT 2001|url=http://www.moha.gov.my/images/maklumat_bahagian/KK/kdndomestic.pdf|website=www.moha.gov.my}}</ref> |- |New Zealand |March 2014<ref name="New Zealand designates Boko Haram as a terrorist group">{{cite web|title=New Zealand designates Boko Haram as a terrorist group|url=http://gordoncampbell.scoop.co.nz/2014/05/15/gordon-campbell-on-new-zealands-role-in-combatting-boko-haram/|access-date=7 September 2014|publisher=New Zealand Government}}</ref> |- |United Arab Emirates |15 November 2014<ref name="UAE proscribed">{{cite news|url=http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/government/uae-publishes-list-of-terrorist-organisations-1.1412895|title=UAE publishes list of terrorist organisations|access-date=8 January 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141117190405/http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/government/uae-publishes-list-of-terrorist-organisations-1.1412895|archive-date=17 November 2014}}</ref> |- |[[United Kingdom]] |10 July 2013<ref name="UK proscribed">{{cite web|date=20 June 2014|title=Proscribed Terrorist Organisations|url=http://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/324603/20140627-List_of_Proscribed_organisations_WEBSITE_final.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140815183741/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/324603/20140627-List_of_Proscribed_organisations_WEBSITE_final.pdf|archive-date=15 August 2014|access-date=31 July 2014|publisher=Home Office}}</ref><ref name="Daily Hansard - Debate">{{cite web|title=Daily Hansard&nbsp;— Debate 10 July|url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201314/cmhansrd/cm130710/debtext/130710-0004.htm|url-status=live|access-date=23 February 2015|publisher=Parliament of the United Kingdom}}</ref> |- |[[United Nations]] |22 May 2014<ref name="UN proscribed">{{cite web|title=Security Council Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee Adds Boko Haram to Its Sanctions List|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2014/sc11410.doc.htm|access-date=8 January 2014}}</ref> |- |{{flagicon|United States}} [[United States]] |14 November 2013<ref name="US proscribed">{{cite web|title=Foreign Terrorist Organizations|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/ct/rls/other/des/123085.htm|access-date=28 July 2014|publisher=Bureau of Counterterrorism, United States Department of State}}</ref> |} == References == <references /> == Read further == * Abimbola Adesoji: "The Boko Haram Uprising and Islamic Revivalism in Nigeria". In: ''Africa Spectrum'' 45/2, 2010, pp.&nbsp;95–108. * Roman Loimeier: "[https://journals.sub.uni-hamburg.de/giga/afsp/article/view/555/553 Boko Haram: The Development of a Militant Religious Movement in Nigeria.]" In: ''Africa Spectrum'' 2–3, 2012, pp.&nbsp;137–155. * Freedom C. Onuoha: "The Islamist Challenge. Nigeria's Boko Haram Crisis explained" In: ''African Security Review'' 19/2, 2010, pp.&nbsp;54–67. * Marc-Antoine Pérouse de Montclos (ed.): ''[https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/handle/1887/23853/ASC-075287668-3441-01.pdf Boko Haram: Islamism, politics, security and the state in Nigeria]'' (West African Politics and Society Series. No. 2). African Studies Centre, Leiden 2014, {{ISBN|978-90-5448-135-5}}. * J. Peter Pham: "Boko Haram: The strategic evolution of the Islamic State's West African Province." In: ''The Journal of the Middle East and Africa'' 7(1), 2016, pp.&nbsp;1–18, {{doi|10.1080/21520844.2016.1152571}}. * Mike Smith: ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=g--VBgAAQBAJ Boko Haram: Inside Nigeria's Unholy War.]'' I.B. Tauris, London & New York 2015, {{ISBN|978-1-78453-074-7}}. * Alexander Thurston, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=b00kDwAAQBAJ Boko Haram: The History of an African Jihadist Movement.]'' Princeton University Press, Princeton & Oxford 2017. * Muhammad Sani Umar: "The Popular Discourses of Salafi Radicalism and Counter-Radicalism in Nigeria: A Case Study of Boko Haram." ''Journal of Religion in Africa'' 42(2), 2012, pp.&nbsp;118–144. * Hillary Matfess. 2017. ''Women and the War on Boko Haram''. University of Chicago Press. * {{cite book|last1=Ekhomu|first1=Ona|title=Boko Haram: security considerations and the rise of an insurgency|date=2020|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-138-56136-6|location=Boca Raton, Florida}} * {{cite journal |last=Shah |first=Radhika |title=Al-Qaeda versus Boko Haram: Ideologies, Goals, and Outcomes |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319150110/https://digitalcommons.northgeorgia.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=ijoss |url-status=dead |journal=International Journal of Security Studies |publisher=University of North Georgia |volume=1 |issue=1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319150110/https://web.archive.org/web/20200319150110/https://digitalcommons.northgeorgia.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=ijoss |archive-date=19 March 2020 |access-date=4 September 2020}} – Article 5 * Jacob, J. U. and Akpan, I. (2015). "Silencing Boko Haram: Mobile Phone Blackout and Counterinsurgency in Nigeria's Northeast region", ''Stability: International Journal of Security & Development'', 4(1):8, 1–17. {{doi|10.5334/sta.ey|doi-access=free}} ==External links== {{sister project links||d=Q212372|c=Category:Boko Haram|n=Boko Haram|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/diffa_incidents_securite_04102015.pdf Diffa/Niger : Attacks by Boko Haram (as of 4 October 2015)] * {{cite web |url=http://download.salafimanhaj.com/pdf/SalafiManhaj_BokoHaram.pdf |publisher=Islamic Studies Department, University of Bayero |place=Kano, Nigeria |title=Boko Haram: Its Beginnings, Principles and Activities in Nigeria }} * Counter Extremism Project [http://www.counterextremism.com/threat/boko-haram profile] * [http://www.stabilityjournal.org/article/view/sta.ey/277 "Silencing Boko Haram: Mobile Phone Blackouts and Counterinsurgency in Nigeria's Northeast Region" by Jacob Udo-Udo Jacob & Idorenyin Akpan (March 2015)] [https://web.archive.org/web/20150402182931/http://www.stabilityjournal.org/article/view/sta.ey/277 Archived] 2 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150314130119/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2015/03/150314-boko-haram-nigeria-borno-rabih-abubakar-shekau/ National Geographic, March 2015] How Northern Nigeria's Violent History Explains Boko Haram *[https://web.archive.org/web/20170307090331/https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/265500.pdf Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2016] United States Department of State *[https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Brookings-Analysis-Paper_Alex-Thurston_Final_Web.pdf 'The disease is unbelief': Boko Haram's religious and political worldview By Alex Thurston] The Brookings Project on U.S. Relations with the Islamic World, January 2016 {{Authority control}} [[Category:Boko Haram| ]] [[Category:2002 establishments insyd Nigeria]] [[Category:Anti-intellectualism]] [[Category:Anti-Western sentiment]] [[Category:Boko Haram insurgency]] [[Category:Child abduction insyd Nigeria]] [[Category:Incidents of anti-Catholic violence]] [[Category:Islamic terrorism insyd Africa]] [[Category:Islamic organizations dem establish insyd 2002]] [[Category:Wahhabi militant groups]] 7nl2szainiihhqoms8rnjgs6ny3xcwq 0 18157 112580 110776 2026-09-25T03:15:38Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112580 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yam''' be de common name give sam plant species insyd de genus ''Dioscorea'' (family Dioscoreaceae) wey dey form edible tubers (sam oda species insyd de genus be toxic). Yams be perennial herbaceous vines native to Africa, Asia, den de Americas wey e be cultivated for de consumption of dema starchy tubers insyd chaw temperate den tropical regions. De tubers demaselves, dem sanso call "yams", dey cam insyd a variety of forms wey dey owe to chaw cultivars den related species. == Description == A monocot wey relate to lilies den grasses, yams be vigorous herbaceous, perennially dey grow vines from a tuber.<ref name="cabi2">{{cite web|date=2016|title=''Dioscorea alata'' (white yam)|url=https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/19293|url-status=live|access-date=5 December 2017|publisher=Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International}}</ref> Sam 870 species of yams be known,<ref name="cabi2" /> a few of wich be widely grown for dema edible tuber buh odas of wich be toxic (such as ''D. communis''). Yam plants fi grow up to {{convert|15|m|ft|-1|abbr=off}} in length den {{convert|7|to|15|cm|in|frac=2|abbr=off}} high.<ref name="cabi2" /> De tuber fi grow into de soil up to {{convert|1.5|m|ft|abbr=on|frac=2}} deep.<ref name="cabi2" /> De plant dey disperse by seed.<ref name="cabi2" /> De edible tuber get a rough skin wey be difficult to peel buh readily soften by cooking. De skins dey vary in color from dark brown to light pink. De majority, anaa meat, of de vegetable be composed of a much softer substance wey dey range insyd color from white anaa yellow to purple anaa pink insyd mature yams. == Etymology == De name "yam" dey appear to derive from Portuguese ''inhame'' anaa Canarian Spanish ''ñame'', wich derive from Fula, one of de West African languages during trade.<ref name=":0">[https://www.etymonline.com/word/yam "Yam"]. ''Online Etymology Dictionary''. Douglas Harper. 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2017.</ref> However, insyd Portuguese, dis name commonly dey refer to de taro plant (''Colocasia esculenta'') from de genus ''Colocasia'', as opposed to ''Dioscorea''.<ref>{{cite web|date=2020|title=Inhame dos Açores|url=https://tradicional.dgadr.gov.pt/pt/cat/outros-produtos-vegetais/771-inhame-dos-acores|url-status=live|access-date=13 August 2020|publisher=Produtos Tradicionais Portugueses}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=2020|title=Sabores dos Açores: Inhame|url=https://www.clubevinhosportugueses.pt/turismo/sabores-dos-acores-inhame/|url-status=live|access-date=13 August 2020|publisher=Clube Vinhos Portugueses}}</ref> De main derivations borrow from verbs wey dey mean "to eat".<ref name=":0" /> True yams get various common names across multiple world regions.<ref name="cabi2" /> Insyd sam places, other (unrelated) root vegetables sam times be referred to as "yams", wey dey include:<ref name="cabi2" /> * Insyd de United States, sweet potatoes (''Ipomoea batatas''), especially those plus orange flesh, often be referred to as "yams"<ref>{{cite web|title=What is the difference between sweet potatoes and yams?|url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/scitech/mysteries/sweetpotato.html|website=LOC.gov}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Economic Research Service|url=http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/agoutlook/Nov2002/ao296e.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315002720/http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/agoutlook/Nov2002/ao296e.pdf|archive-date=15 March 2015|access-date=26 November 2009}}</ref> * Insyd Australia, na de tubers of de ''Microseris walteri'', anaa yam daisy, be a staple food of Aboriginal Australians insyd sam regions.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Pascoe|first=Bruce|title=Dark Emu, Black Seeds: Agriculture or Accident?|date=2014|publisher=Magabala Books|isbn=978-1-922142-43-6|pages=22–24}}</ref> * Insyd New Zealand, oca (''Oxalis tuberosa'') be typically referred to as "yam".<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150518084237/http://www.garden-nz.co.nz/grow-your-own/grow-your-own/yams-grow-your-own.html ''"...but in New Zealand we call them yams."''], garden-nz.co.nz</ref><ref name="jsfa">{{cite journal |author1=Albihn, P.B.E. |author2=Savage, G.P. |date=18 June 2001 |title=The effect of cooking on the location and concentration of oxalate in three cultivars of New Zealand-grown oca (''Oxalis tuberosa'' Mol) |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-the-science-of-food-and-agriculture_2001-08_81_10/page/1027 |journal=Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture |volume=81 |issue=10 |pages=1027–1033 |bibcode=2001JSFA...81.1027A |doi=10.1002/jsfa.890}}</ref> * Insyd Malaysia den [[Singapore]], taro (''Colocasia esculenta'') be referred to as "yam".<ref>{{cite web|last=Lam|first=Lim Chin|title=I yam not taro|url=http://thestar.com.my/english/story.asp?file=/2010/7/16/lifefocus/6651716&sec=lifefocus|url-status=live|website=The Star}}</ref> * Insyd Africa, South den Southeast Asia as well as de tropical Pacific islands dem dey grow ''Amorphophallus paeoniifolius'' wey e be known as "elephant foot yam".<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Santosa |first1=Edi |last2=Lian |first2=Chun Lan |last3=Sugiyama |first3=Nobuo |last4=Misra |first4=Raj Shekhar |last5=Boonkorkaew |first5=Patchareeya |last6=Thanomchit |first6=Kanokwan |last7=Chiang |first7=Tzen-Yuh |display-authors=1 |date=28 June 2017 |title=Population structure of elephant foot yams (''Amorphophallus paeoniifolius'' (Dennst.) Nicolson) in Asia |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=12 |issue=6 |page=e0180000 |bibcode=2017PLoSO..1280000S |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0180000 |pmc=5489206 |pmid=28658282 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Distribution den habitat == Yams be native to Africa, Asia, den de Americas.<ref name="cabi2" /> Na three species be independently domesticated on those continents: ''D. rotundata'' (Africa), ''D.&nbsp;alata'' (Asia), den ''D.&nbsp;trifida'' (South America).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nora Scarcelli |display-authors=etal |date=1 May 2019 |title=Yam genomics supports West Africa as a major cradle of crop domestication |journal=Science Advances |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=eaaw1947 |bibcode=2019SciA....5.1947S |doi=10.1126/sciadv.aaw1947 |pmc=6527260 |pmid=31114806 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Ecology == Sam yams be invasive plants, dem often consider a noxious weed outsyd cultivated areas.<ref name="cabi2" /> == Cultivation == === Major cultivated species === ==== ''D. rotundata'' and ''D. cayennensis'' ==== ==== ''D. alata'' ==== ==== ''D. polystachya'' ==== ==== ''D. bulbifera'' ==== ==== ''D. esculenta'' ==== ==== ''D. dumetorum'' ==== ==== ''D. trifida'' ==== === Wild taxa === ==== ''D. hirtiflora'' subsp. ''pedicellata'' ==== ==== ''D. japonica'' ==== === Production === Insyd 2020, na world production of yams be {{Convert|75|e6MT|abbr=off}}, wey [[Nigeria]] lead plus 67% of de total (table). [[File:Yamoutput.png|center|thumb|Map of worldwide yam production wey dey show limited production range (Caribbean, West Africa, den Polynesia)]] == Uses == ==== Comparison to oda staple foods ==== {| class="wikitable" |+Nutrient content of 10 major staple foods per 100 g dry weight !Staple !Maize (corn)^[A] !Rice, white^[B] !Wheat^[C] !Potatoes^[D] !Cassava^[E] !Soybeans, green^[F] !Sweet potatoes^[G] !Yams^[Y] !Sorghum^[H] !Plantain^[Z] !RDA |- |Water content (%) |10 |12 |13 |'''79''' |60 |68 |77 |70 |9 |65 | |- |Raw grams per 100 g dry weight |111 |114 |115 |'''476''' |250 |313 |435 |333 |110 |286 | |- !Nutrient ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! |- |Energy (kJ) |1698 |1736 |1574 |1533 |1675 |'''1922''' |1565 |1647 |1559 |1460 |8,368–10,460 |- |Protein (g) |10.4 |8.1 |14.5 |9.5 |3.5 |'''40.6''' |7.0 |5.0 |12.4 |3.7 |50 |- |Fat (g) |5.3 |0.8 |1.8 |0.4 |0.7 |'''21.6''' |0.2 |0.6 |3.6 |1.1 |44–77 |- |Carbohydrates (g) |82 |91 |82 |81 |'''95''' |34 |87 |93 |82 |91 |130 |- |Fiber (g) |8.1 |1.5 |'''14.0''' |10.5 |4.5 |13.1 |13.0 |13.7 |6.9 |6.6 |30 |- |Sugar (g) |0.7 |0.1 |0.5 |3.7 |4.3 |0.0 |18.2 |1.7 |0.0 |'''42.9''' |minimal |- !Minerals !^[A] !^[B] !^[C] !^[D] !^[E] !^[F] !^[G] !^[Y] !^[H] !^[Z] !RDA |- |Calcium (mg) |8 |32 |33 |57 |40 |'''616''' |130 |57 |31 |9 |1,000 |- |Iron (mg) |3.01 |0.91 |3.67 |3.71 |0.68 |'''11.09''' |2.65 |1.80 |4.84 |1.71 |8 |- |Magnesium (mg) |141 |28 |145 |110 |53 |'''203''' |109 |70 |0 |106 |400 |- |Phosphorus (mg) |233 |131 |331 |271 |68 |'''606''' |204 |183 |315 |97 |700 |- |Potassium (mg) |319 |131 |417 |2005 |678 |1938 |1465 |'''2720''' |385 |1426 |4700 |- |Sodium (mg) |39 |6 |2 |29 |35 |47 |'''239''' |30 |7 |11 |1,500 |- |Zinc (mg) |2.46 |1.24 |3.05 |1.38 |0.85 |'''3.09''' |1.30 |0.80 |0.00 |0.40 |11 |- |Copper (mg) |0.34 |0.25 |0.49 |0.52 |0.25 |0.41 |'''0.65''' |0.60 | - |0.23 |0.9 |- |Manganese (mg) |0.54 |1.24 |'''4.59''' |0.71 |0.95 |1.72 |1.13 |1.33 | - | - |2.3 |- |Selenium (μg) |17.2 |17.2 |'''81.3''' |1.4 |1.8 |4.7 |2.6 |2.3 |0.0 |4.3 |55 |- !Vitamins !^[A] !^[B] !^[C] !^[D] !^[E] !^[F] !^[G] !^[Y] !^[H] !^[Z] !RDA |- |Vitamin C (mg) |0.0 |0.0 |0.0 |'''93.8''' |51.5 |90.6 |10.4 |57.0 |0.0 |52.6 |90 |- |Thiamin (B1) (mg) |0.43 |0.08 |0.34 |0.38 |0.23 |'''1.38''' |0.35 |0.37 |0.26 |0.14 |1.2 |- |Riboflavin (B2) (mg) |0.22 |0.06 |0.14 |0.14 |0.13 |'''0.56''' |0.26 |0.10 |0.15 |0.14 |1.3 |- |Niacin (B3) (mg) |4.03 |1.82 |'''6.28''' |5.00 |2.13 |5.16 |2.43 |1.83 |3.22 |1.97 |16 |- |Pantothenic acid (B5) (mg) |0.47 |1.15 |1.09 |1.43 |0.28 |0.47 |'''3.48''' |1.03 | - |0.74 |5 |- |Vitamin B6 (mg) |0.69 |0.18 |0.34 |'''1.43''' |0.23 |0.22 |0.91 |0.97 | - |0.86 |1.3 |- |Folate Total (B9) (μg) |21 |9 |44 |76 |68 |'''516''' |48 |77 |0 |63 |400 |- |Vitamin A (IU) |238 |0 |10 |10 |33 |563 |'''4178''' |460 |0 |3220 |5000 |- |Vitamin E, alpha-tocopherol (mg) |0.54 |0.13 |1.16 |0.05 |0.48 |0.00 |1.13 |'''1.30''' |0.00 |0.40 |15 |- |Vitamin K1 (μg) |0.3 |0.1 |2.2 |'''9.0''' |4.8 |0.0 |7.8 |8.7 |0.0 |2.0 |120 |- |Beta-carotene (μg) |108 |0 |6 |5 |20 |0 |'''36996''' |277 |0 |1306 |10500 |- |Lutein+zeaxanthin (μg) |'''1506''' |0 |253 |38 |0 |0 |0 |0 |0 |86 |6000 |- !Fats !^[A] !^[B] !^[C] !^[D] !^[E] !^[F] !^[G] !^[Y] !^[H] !^[Z] !RDA |- |Saturated fatty acids (g) |0.74 |0.20 |0.30 |0.14 |0.18 |'''2.47''' |0.09 |0.13 |0.51 |0.40 |minimal |- |Monounsaturated fatty acids (g) |1.39 |0.24 |0.23 |0.00 |0.20 |'''4.00''' |0.00 |0.03 |1.09 |0.09 |22–55 |- |Polyunsaturated fatty acids (g) |2.40 |0.20 |0.72 |0.19 |0.13 |'''10.00''' |0.04 |0.27 |1.51 |0.20 |13–19 |- ! !^[A] !^[B] !^[C] !^[D] !^[E] !^[F] !^[G] !^[Y] !^[H] !^[Z] !RDA |} '''^A''' raw yellow dent corn '''^B''' raw unenriched long-grain white rice '''^C''' raw hard red winter wheat '''^D''' raw potato plus flesh den skin '''^E''' raw cassava '''^F''' raw green soybeans '''^G''' raw sweet potato '''^H''' raw sorghum '''^Y''' raw yam '''^Z''' raw plantains '''^/*''' unofficial == References == <references /> ==External links== {{sister project links||d=Q8047551|c=Category:Yam|n=no|q=no|b=Cookbook:Yam|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=Yam|wikt=yam|species=no}} * {{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260610184823/https://www.iita.org/research/our-research-themes/improving-crops/yam-crop-improvement/|website=International Institute for Tropical Agriculture|title=Yam crop improvement}} [[Category:Yams (vegetable)| ]] [[Category:Crops]] [[Category:Crops wey dey originate from Africa]] [[Category:Dioscorea]] [[Category:Flora of Jamaica]] [[Category:Igbo cuisine]] [[Category:Plant dyes]] [[Category:Root vegetables]] [[Category:Staple foods]] [[Category:Tropical agriculture]] [[Category:Tubers]] [[Category:Yoruba cuisine]] luel509c3tm94ctsxuvm5q5xo4uikkz 0 18296 112581 84832 2026-09-25T03:18:42Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112581 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yoweri Kaguta Museveni Tibuhaburwa''' (born 15 September 1944) be a Ugandan politician, military officer den Pan-Africanist wey serve as de ninth den current presido of Uganda since 1986. As of 2025, he be de third-longest consecutively serving current non-royal national leader insyd de world (after Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo insyd [[Equatorial Guinea]] den [[Paul Biya]] insyd [[Cameroon]]). Born insyd Ntungamo, na Museveni study political science from de [[University of Dar es Salaam]] wer na he initiate de University Students' African Revolutionary Front. Insyd 1972, he participate insyd de abortive invasion of Uganda against de regime of President [[Idi Amin]]. De next year, Museveni establish de Front for National Salvation wey he fight alongside Tanzanian forces insyd de Tanzania–Uganda War, wich overthrow Amin. Museveni contest de subsequent 1980 general election on de platform of Uganda Patriotic Movement, though dem claim electoral fraud after he loose to de unpopular Milton Obote. Museveni unify de opposition under de National Resistance Movement wey he start de Ugandan Bush War. Insyd January 1986, after de decisive Battle of Kampala, na dem swear Museveni as presido. As presido, na Museveni suppress de Ugandan insurgency wey na he oversee involvement insyd de Rwandan Civil War den de First Congo War. He order an intervention against de Lord's Resistance Army in an effort make he halt dema insurgency. Na dem describe ein rule by scholars as competitive authoritarianism, anaa illiberal democracy. De press be under de authority of government. Ein presidency be characterized by relative economic success den, insyd ein later period, an upsurge insyd anti-gay activity alongside numerous constitutional amendments, like de scrapping of presidential term limits insyd 2005 den age limits insyd 2017. On 16 January 2021, na dem reelect Museveni to a sixth term plus 58.6% of de vote, despite chaw videos den reports wey dey show ballot box stuffing, over 400 polling stations plus 100% voter turnout den human rights violations. {{As of|2022}}, after 36 years of ein authoritarian rule, na dem rank [[Uganda]] 166th insyd GDP (nominal) per capita den 167th by Human Development Index. == Early life den education == Museveni be estimated na dem born am on 15 September 1944<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-03-06|title=Age is but a number|url=https://www.africaresearchinstitute.org/newsite/blog/age-number-museveni-looks-2021-beyond-uganda/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530203655/https://www.africaresearchinstitute.org/newsite/blog/age-number-museveni-looks-2021-beyond-uganda/|archive-date=30 May 2023|access-date=19 January 2023|publisher=Africa Research Institute}}</ref> to parents Mzee Amos Kaguta (1916–2013), a cattle keeper, den Esteri Kokundeka Nganzi (1918–2001), insyd Ntungamo. He be an ethnic Hima of de kingdom of Mpororo (now part of Ankole).<ref>{{cite news|title=Yoweri Museveni – Uganda's president profiled|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-12421747|access-date=31 May 2023|publisher=BBC|date=17 February 2016|archive-date=31 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531231636/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-12421747|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Momodu|first1=Samuel|date=24 May 2021|title=Yoweri Kuaguta Museveni (1944– )|url=https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/people-global-african-history/yoweri-kaguta-museveni-1944/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230531231636/https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/people-global-african-history/yoweri-kaguta-museveni-1944/|archive-date=31 May 2023|access-date=31 May 2023|website=Blackpast}}</ref> According to [[Julius Nyerere]], na Museveni ein poppie, Amos Kaguta, be a soldier insyd de King's African Rifles dema 7th battalion during World War II. Wen na dem born Yoweri, na relatives use to say, "Na ein poppie be a mu-seven" (meaning "insyd de seventh"). Dis be how he obtain de name Museveni.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yoweri Museveni|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Yoweri--Museveni|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210103835/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Yoweri--Museveni|archive-date=10 February 2023|access-date=2023-01-16|website=Britannica|language=en}}</ref> Na ein family migrate go Ntungamo, then within de British Protectorate of Uganda. Museveni attend Kyamate Elementary School, Mbarara High School, den Ntare School for ein primary den secondary education. He attend de [[University of Dar es Salaam]] insyd Tanzania for ein tertiary education, wer na he study economics den political science. Na de university at de time be a hot bed of radical [[Pan-Africanism|pan-African]] den Marxist political thought. While at university, he form de University Students' African Revolutionary Front student activist group wey he lead a student delegation to FRELIMO-held territory insyd Portuguese Mozambique wer na dem receive military training. Studying under de leftist Walter Rodney, among odas, Museveni wrep a university thesis on de applicability of [[Frantz Fanon]] ein ideas on revolutionary violence to post-colonial Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2006-02-15|title=Profile of Yoweri Kaguta Museveni|url=https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/58146/uganda-profile-yoweri-kaguta-museveni|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404085542/https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/report/58146/uganda-profile-yoweri-kaguta-museveni|archive-date=4 April 2023|access-date=2023-01-16|website=The New Humanitarian|language=en}}</ref> == Ein life matter == Museveni be an Anglican den a member of de Church of Uganda. He marry Janet Kataaha Museveni, ''née'' Kainembabazi, plus whom he get four kiddies: * Gen. Muhoozi Kainerugaba – born insyd 1974, general insyd de Uganda People's Defence Forces (UPDF)<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DzA5ORGITwc] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180216143235/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DzA5ORGITwc Archived] 16 February 2018 at the Wayback Machine Muhoozi Kainerugaba promoted to Major General – YouTube</ref><ref>[http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Museveni-promotes-Muhoozi-rank-Major-General/688334-3205972-c3ksi0/index.html] [https://web.archive.org/web/20180216143235/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DzA5ORGITwc Archived] 23 August 2018 at the Wayback Machine Museveni promotes Muhoozi to rank of Major General – Daily Monitor</ref> insyd de UPDF<ref>{{cite web|title=Leaders in waiting|url=https://www.africa-confidential.com/article-preview/id/3263/Leaders_in_waiting|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121064051/https://www.africa-confidential.com/article-preview/id/3263/Leaders_in_waiting|archive-date=21 January 2019|access-date=20 January 2019|website=www.africa-confidential.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Lt. Col. Muhoozi is Commander Special Forces|url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/africa/-/1066/446200/-/14anqyoz/-/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823105521/https://www.nation.co.ke/News/africa/-/1066/446200/-/14anqyoz/-/index.html|archive-date=23 August 2018|access-date=22 August 2018}}</ref> * Natasha Karugire – born insyd 1976, fashion designer den consultant, she marry Edwin Karugire, private secretary to de presido of Uganda for household affairs.<ref>{{cite web|title=Natasha is a Fashion Guru|url=http://newvision.co.ug/D/8/217/392752/Diana_Museveni|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100219075224/http://newvision.co.ug/D/8/217/392752/Diana_Museveni|archive-date=19 February 2010}}</ref> * Patience Rwabwogo – born insyd 1978, pastor of Covenant Nations Church,<ref>{{cite web|title=Welcome To CNC|url=http://www.covenantnationschurch.org/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412041307/http://www.covenantnationschurch.org/|archive-date=12 April 2018|access-date=24 May 2018|website=www.covenantnationschurch.org|language=en}}</ref> Buziga, Kampala, she marry Odrek Rwabwogo.<ref>{{cite web|title=Patience Rwabwogo is a Pastor|url=http://newvision.co.ug/D/8/13/539065/Patience_Rwabogo_Church|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100225172952/http://newvision.co.ug/D/8/13/539065/Patience_Rwabogo_Church|archive-date=25 February 2010}}</ref> * Diana Kamuntu – born insyd 1980, she marry Geoffrey Kamuntu.<ref>{{cite web|title=Geoffrey Kamuntu and His Wife|url=http://newvision.co.ug/D/9/40/393675/Diana_Museveni|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100225173102/http://newvision.co.ug/D/9/40/393675/Diana_Museveni|archive-date=25 February 2010}}</ref> == Honours den awards == ===National honours=== * [[File:Order of Katonga (Uganda) - ribbon bar.png|60px]] Order of Katonga (6 February 2023)<ref>{{cite news |title=Well Done Mr President! Museveni Awarded Katonga Medal For His Role In Creating UPDF |url=https://ugandaonlinemedia.com/well-done-mr-president-museveni-awarded-katonga-medal-for-his-role-in-creating-updf/ |access-date=12 May 2025 |work=Uganda Online Media |date=6 February 2023}}</ref> ===Foreign honours=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;" |- ! style="width:90px;" | Ribbon ! style="width:320px;" | Distinction ! style="width:150px;" | Country ! style="width:120px;" | Date ! Reference |- | [[File:CUB Order of Playa Giron 3rd type (after 1979) ribbon.svg|80px]] | style="font-size:90%;" | Order of Playa Girón | style="font-size:90%;" | Cuba | style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" | 9 January 1988 | style="font-size:90%;" | <ref>{{cite journal |title=Consejo de Estado |journal=Gaceta Oficial de la República de Cuba |date=1988 |issue=Primer y segundo trimestre |page=5 |url=https://www.gacetaoficial.gob.cu/sites/default/files/indice_referativo_1988_1er_semestre_0.pdf |access-date=12 May 2025}}</ref> |- | [[File:Ord.GoodHope-ribbon.gif|80px]] | style="font-size:90%;" | Grand Cross of de Order of Good Hope | style="font-size:90%;" | South Africa | style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" | November 1997 | style="font-size:90%;" | <ref name="Nat1997">{{cite web |url=http://www.info.gov.za/aboutgovt/orders/recipients/1997.htm |title=1997 National Orders awards |access-date=14 April 2021 |archive-date=15 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015131848/http://www.info.gov.za/aboutgovt/orders/recipients/1997.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=South Africa: Queston of Principle: Arms Trade and Human Rights |url=https://www.refworld.org/reference/countryrep/hrw/2000/en/39721 |website=Refworld |publisher=Human Rights Watch |access-date=12 May 2025 |date=1 October 2000}}</ref> |- | [[File:Orden Republike Srbije 2.gif|80px]] | style="font-size:90%;" | Order of de Republic of Serbia, 2nd Class | style="font-size:90%;" | Serbia | style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" | 2016 | style="font-size:90%;" | <ref name="Medal highlights">{{cite web|url=https://www.predsednik.rs/predsednik/ukazi-o-odlikovanjima|title=Decrees on decorations signed by the President of the Republic of Serbia Aleksandar Vucic|publisher=www.predsednik.rs/en|access-date=14 April 2021|archive-date=25 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190525014352/https://www.predsednik.rs/predsednik/ukazi-o-odlikovanjima|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Укази о одликовањима |url=https://www.predsednik.rs/predsednik/ukazi-o-odlikovanjima |publisher=Председник Републике Србије |access-date=12 May 2025 |language=sr}}</ref> |- | [[File:Ordine dell'Indipendenza (Guinea Equatoriale).png|80px]] | style="font-size:90%;" | Grand Collar of de Order of Independence | style="font-size:90%;" | Equatorial Guinea | style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" | 25 August 2017 | style="font-size:90%;" | <ref>{{cite news |last1=Okello |first1=Dickens H |title=Museveni Awarded Equatorial Guinea's Highest Honor |url=https://chimpreports.com/museveni-awarded-equatorial-guineas-highest-honor/ |access-date=12 May 2025 |work=ChimpReports |date=26 August 2017}}</ref> |- | [[File:National Order of Merit - Grand Cross (Guinea).png|80px]] | style="font-size:90%;" | Grand Cross of de National Order of Merit | style="font-size:90%;" | [[Guinea]] | style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" | 30 June 2018 | style="font-size:90%;" | <ref>{{cite news |title=Museveni given highest order of merit award in Guinea |url=https://theinsider.ug/index.php/2018/06/30/museveni-given-highest-order-of-merit-award-in-guinea/ |access-date=12 May 2025 |work=The Insider |date=30 June 2018}}</ref> |- | | style="font-size:90%;" | Member of de Order of South Africa | style="font-size:90%;" | [[South Africa]] | style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" | 28 February 2023 | style="font-size:90%;" | <ref>{{cite news |title=Museveni Receives 'Order of South Africa' Award |url=https://chimpreports.com/museveni-receives-order-of-south-africa-award/ |access-date=12 May 2025 |work=ChimpReports |date=1 March 2023}}</ref> |- | [[File:Order of the Golden Heart of Kenya.svg|80px]] | style="font-size:90%;" | Chief of de Order of the Golden Heart | style="font-size:90%;" | [[Kenya]] | style="text-align:center; font-size:90%;" | | style="font-size:90%;" | <ref>{{cite web|last=Okoth|first=Brian|title=Uhuru awards Koome, Mugenda, Kananu EGH honours; journalists get HSC|url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/national/article/2001432083/uhuru-awards-koome-mugenda-kananu-egh-honours-journalists-get-hsc|access-date=2022-01-14|website=The Standard|language=en|archive-date=14 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114072414/https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/national/article/2001432083/uhuru-awards-koome-mugenda-kananu-egh-honours-journalists-get-hsc|url-status=live}}</ref> |} === Honorary degrees === {| class="wikitable" |- ! University !! Country !! Honour !! style="width:60px;"|Year |- | Humphrey School of Public Affairs || United States || Doctor of Laws || style="text-align:center;"| 1994<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.scholarswalk.umn.edu/awards/national_intl/honorary_d.html | title=Honorary Degrees | publisher=University of Minnesota | access-date=11 November 2014 | archive-date=7 September 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080907202506/http://www.scholarswalk.umn.edu/awards/national_intl/honorary_d.html | url-status=dead }}</ref> |- | Mbarara University of Science and Technology || Uganda || Doctor of Laws || style="text-align:center;"| 2003<ref>{{cite web | url=http://mak.ac.ug/governance/former-chancellors/he-president-yoweri-kaguta-museveni-former-chancellor | title=H. E. President Yoweri Kaguta Museveni – Former Chancellor | date=30 April 2013 | publisher=Makerere University | access-date=11 November 2014 | archive-date=12 November 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112025534/http://mak.ac.ug/governance/former-chancellors/he-president-yoweri-kaguta-museveni-former-chancellor | url-status=live }}</ref> |- | Latin University of Theology || [[United States]] || Doctor of Divinity || style="text-align:center;"|2007<ref>{{cite news|date=January 2007 |title=Museveni awarded doctorate degree |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/13/540684 |newspaper=New Vision |access-date=12 November 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112035348/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/13/540684 |archive-date=12 November 2014 }}</ref> |- | Fatih University || [[Turkey]] || Honorary degree || style="text-align:center;"|2010<ref>{{cite news|date=6 May 2010 |title=Museveni gets Turkish doctorate |url=http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/718747 |newspaper=New Vision |access-date=12 November 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112034354/http://www.newvision.co.ug/D/8/12/718747 |archive-date=12 November 2014 }}</ref> |- | [[Makerere University]] || Uganda || Doctor of Laws || style="text-align:center;"|2010<ref>{{cite web | url=http://news.mak.ac.ug/2010/12/makerere-honours-president-museveni-he-rashid-m-kawawa-posthumous | title=Makerere honours President Museveni | date=14 December 2010 | publisher=Makerere University | access-date=11 November 2014 | archive-date=12 November 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141112025221/http://news.mak.ac.ug/2010/12/makerere-honours-president-museveni-he-rashid-m-kawawa-posthumous | url-status=live }}</ref> |- | [[University of Dar es Salaam]] || Tanzania || Doctor of Literature || style="text-align:center;"| 2015<ref name=M7nDegree15>{{cite news | title=President Museveni awarded with Doctorate of Literature | url=http://www.iconzmagazine.com/president-museveni-awarded-with-doctorate-of-literature | access-date=14 September 2015 | agency=Iconz Magazine | date=31 July 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018002856/http://www.iconzmagazine.com/president-museveni-awarded-with-doctorate-of-literature | archive-date=18 October 2015 | url-status=dead | df=dmy-all }}</ref> |} == References == <references /> === Sources === * {{cite book|last1=Avirgan|first1=Tony|title=War in Uganda: The Legacy of Idi Amin|last2=Honey|first2=Martha|publisher=Tanzania Publishing House|year=1983|isbn=978-9976-1-0056-3|location=Dar es Salaam}} == Read further == === Books === * Museveni, Yoweri (1997). ''Sowing the Mustard Seed: The Struggle for Freedom and Democracy in Uganda'', Macmillan Education. {{ISBN|0333642341}}. * Museveni, Yoweri (2000). ''What Is Africa's Problem?''. University of Minnesota Press. {{ISBN|0816632782}} * Ondoga Ori Amaza. ''Museveni's Long March from Guerrilla to Statesman'', Fountain Publishers. {{ISBN|9970021354}} * Tripp, Aili Mari. ''Museveni's Uganda: Paradoxes of Power in a Hybrid Regime''. Lynne Rienner Publishers. {{ISBN|978-1588267078}} * Epstein, Helen C. (2017). ''Another Fine Mess: America, Uganda and the War on Terror'', New York: Columbia Global Reports. {{ISBN|978-0997722925}} === Academic papers === * "Uganda, 1979–85: Leadership in Transition", Jimmy K. Tindigarukayo, ''The Journal of Modern African Studies'', Vol. 26, No. 4. (December 1988), pp.&nbsp;607–622. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/161322 (JSTOR)] * "Neutralising the Use of Force in Uganda: The Role of the Military in Politics", E. A. Brett, ''The Journal of Modern African Studies'', Vol. 33, No. 1. (March 1995), pp.&nbsp;129–152. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/161549 (JSTOR)] * "Called to Account: How African Governments Investigate Human Rights Violations", Richard Carver, ''African Affairs'', Vol. 89, No. 356. (July 1990), pp.&nbsp;391–415. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/722374 (JSTOR)] * "Uganda after Amin: The Continuing Search for Leadership and Control", Cherry Gertzel, ''African Affairs'', Vol. 79, No. 317. (October 1980), pp.&nbsp;461–489. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/721890 (JSTOR)] * "Social Disorganisation in Uganda: Before, during, and after Amin", Aidan Southall, ''The Journal of Modern African Studies'', Vol. 18, No. 4. (December 1980), pp.&nbsp;627–656. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/160801 (JSTOR)] * "Ugandan Relations with Western Donors in the 1990s: What Impact on Democratisation?", Ellen Hauser, ''The Journal of Modern African Studies'', Vol. 37, No. 4. (December 1999), pp.&nbsp;621–641. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/161429 (JSTOR)] * "Reading Museveni: Structure, Agency and Pedagogy in Ugandan Politics", Ronald Kassimir, ''Canadian Journal of African Studies'', Vol. 33, No. 2/3, Special Issue: "French-Speaking Central Africa: Political Dynamics of Identities and Representations". (1999), pp.&nbsp;649–673. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/486282 (JSTOR)] * "Uganda: The Making of a Constitution", Charles Cullimore, ''The Journal of Modern African Studies'', Vol. 32, No. 4. (December 1994), pp.&nbsp;707–711. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/161573 (JSTOR)] * "Uganda's Domestic and Regional Security since the 1970s", Gilbert M. Khadiagala, ''The Journal of Modern African Studies'', Vol. 31, No. 2. (June 1993), pp.&nbsp;231–255. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/161003 (JSTOR)] * "Exile, Reform, and the Rise of the Rwandan Patriotic Front", Wm. Cyrus Reed, ''The Journal of Modern African Studies'', Vol. 34, No. 3. (September 1996), pp.&nbsp;479–501. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/161382 (JSTOR)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050808195931/http://www.dfid.gov.uk/pubs/files/oppguganda.pdf "Operationalising Pro-Poor Growth"], ''A Country Case Study on Uganda'', John A. Okidi, Sarah Ssewanyana, Lawrence Bategeka, Fred Muhumuza, October 2004 * "'New-Breed' Leadership, Conflict, and Reconstruction in the Great Lakes Region of Africa: A Sociopolitical Biography of Uganda's Yoweri Kaguta Museveni", Joseph Oloka-Onyango, ''Africa Today'' – Volume 50, Number 3, Spring 2004, pp.&nbsp;29–52 [http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/africa_today/v050/50.3onyango.pdf (Project MUSE)] * "No-Party Democracy" in Uganda, Nelson Kasfir, ''Journal of Democracy'' – Volume 9, Number 2, April 1998, pp.&nbsp;49–63 [http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_democracy/v009/9.2kasfir.html (Project MUSE)] * "Explaining Ugandan intervention in Congo: evidence and interpretations", John F. Clark, ''The Journal of Modern African Studies'', 39: 261–287, 2001 [https://web.archive.org/web/20210305153031/http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&fid=78408&jid=MOA&volumeId=39&issueId=02&aid=78407 (Cambridge Journals)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20051227050759/http://www.udayton.edu/~rwanda/articles/uganda.html "Uganda's 'Benevolent' Dictatorship"], J. Oloka-Onyango, University of Dayton website * {{cite web|title=The Uganda Presidential and Parliamentary Elections 1996|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040731214301/http://www.ifra-nairobi.net/english/publi/katorobo.pdf|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040731214301/https://web.archive.org/web/20040731214301/http://www.ifra-nairobi.net/english/publi/katorobo.pdf|archive-date=31 July 2004|access-date=26 September 2013}}, James Katorobo, No. 17, ''Les Cahiers d'Afrique de l'est'' * [http://hrw.org/reports/1999/uganda/ "Hostile to Democracy: The Movement System and Political Repression in Uganda"] Peter Bouckaert, ''Human Rights Watch'', 1 October 1999 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090115085514/http://www.afrika.no/noop/page.php?p=Detailed%2F10622&print=1 "Uganda: From one party to multi-party and beyond", Ronald Elly Wanda, The Norwegian Council for Africa, October 2005.] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20041210114311/http://www.c-r.org/accord/uganda/accord11/index.shtml "Protracted conflict, elusive peace – Initiatives to end the violence in northern Uganda"], editor Okello Lucima, ''Accord'' issue 11, Conciliation Resources, 2002 * [http://www.c-r.org/accord/uganda/accord11/profiles.shtml "Profiles of the parties to the conflict"], Balam Nyeko and Okello Lucima * [http://www.c-r.org/accord/uganda/accord11/reachingagreement.shtml "Reaching the 1985 Nairobi Agreement"], Bethuel Kiplagat == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q57274|c=Category:Yoweri Museveni|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://www.yowerikmuseveni.com/ Official website] * [http://www.statehouse.go.ug/ State House official website] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Museveni, Yoweri}} [[Category:Yoweri Museveni| ]] [[Category:1944 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:21st-century Ugandan politicians]] [[Category:Commonwealth chairpersons-in-office]] [[Category:Former Marxists]] [[Category:Hima people]] [[Category:Leaders wey take power by coup]] [[Category:Ugandan people]] [[Category:Military personnel of de Uganda–Tanzania War]] [[Category:National Resistance Movement politicians]] [[Category:People wey komot Ntungamo District]] [[Category:Presidents of Uganda]] [[Category:Speakers of de Parliament of Uganda]] [[Category:Ugandan Anglicans]] [[Category:Ugandan nationalists]] [[Category:Ugandan exiles]] [[Category:Ugandan rebels]] [[Category:Ugandan writers]] [[Category:University of Dar es Salaam alumni]] [[Category:Ugandan generals]] [[Category:People educated at Ntare School]] [[Category:People educated at Mbarara High School]] [[Category:Leaders of political parties insyd Uganda]] [[Category:People of de Ugandan Bush War]] rjculdcuv9dx6xezpl71gufn5viwcom 0 18338 112497 108587 2026-09-25T01:13:17Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112497 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Iraq''', officially de '''Republic of Iraq''', be a country insyd West Asia. E be bordered by [[Saudi Arabia]] to de south, [[Turkey]] to de north, Iran to de east, de Persian Gulf den Kuwait to de southeast, Jordan to de southwest, den Syria to de west. De country dey cover an area of {{Convert|438,317|km2|sqmi}} wey e get a population of over 46 million, wey dey make am de 58th largest country by area den de 31st most populous insyd de world. Baghdad, home to over 8 million people, be de capital city den de largest insyd de country. A federal parliamentary republic, dem dey consider Iraq an emerging middle power. E be home to a diverse population, geography den wildlife. Chaw Iraqis be Muslim, while significant minorities dey include Christians, Mandaeans, Yazidis, Yarsanis den Jews. Iraqis be ethnically diverse; mostly Arabs, as well as Kurds, Turkmen, Yazidis, Assyrians, Armenians, Domcs, den Shabakis. Arabic den Kurdish be de official languages of Iraq, while dem dey speak Suret, Turkish den Mandaic regionally. Iraq, home to one of de largest oil reserves insyd de world, get a significant oil den gas industry. E sanso be popular for ein agriculture den tourism. At present, Iraq dey rebuild plus foreign support. == Administrative divisions == Iraq be composed of nineteen governorates (anaa provinces) (Arabic: ''muhafadhat'', singular {{lang|ar|muhafadhah}}). De governorates be subdivided into districts (anaa {{lang|ar|qadhas}}), wich further be divided into sub-districts (anaa {{lang|ar|nawāḥī}}). * Dohuk * Nineveh * Erbil * Kirkuk * Sulaymaniyah * Saladin * Al Anbar * Baghdad * Diyala * Karbala * Babylon * Wasit * Najaf * Al-Qadisiyyah * Maysan * Muthanna * Dhi Qar * Basra * Halabja == Demographics == === Cities and towns === Main article: List of cities in Iraq {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="10" | Largest cities anaa towns insyd Iraq<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/iraq/cities/ "Iraq cities"]. ''citypopulation.de''. 16 December 2020. Retrieved 14 October 2023.</ref> |- !Rank !Name !Governorate !Pop. !Rank !Name !Governorate !Pop. |- |1 |Baghdad |Baghdad |6,719,477 |11 |Hillah |Babylon |455,741 |- |2 |Mosul |Nineveh |1,361,819 |12 |Diwaniyah |Al-Qādisiyyah |403,796 |- |3 |Basra |Basra |1,340,827 |13 |Kut |Wasit |389,376 |- |4 |Erbil |Erbil |1,550,071 |14 |Dohuk |Dohuk |340,871 |- |5 |Kirkuk |Kirkuk |972,272 |15 |Az Zubayr |Basra |300,751 |- |6 |Najaf |Najaf as-Sharif |747,261 |16 |Baqubah |Diyala |279,133 |- |7 |Karbala |Karbala |711,530 |17 |Fallujah |Anbar |250,884 |- |8 |Sulaymaniyah |Sulaymaniyah |676,492 |18 |Ramadi |Anbar |223,525 |- |9 |Nasiriyah |Dhi Qar |558,446 |19 |Samawah |Muthanna |221,743 |- |10 |Amarah |Maysan |527,472 |20 |Zakho |Dohuk |211,964 |} == References == <references /> == Bibliography == * {{cite encyclopedia|title=ʿErāq-E ʿAjam(ī)|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. VIII, Fasc. 5|page=538|last=Bosworth|first=C. E.|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/eraq-e-ajami|date=1998}} * Shadid, Anthony 2005. ''Night Draws Near''. Henry Holt and Co., NY, US. {{ISBN|0-8050-7602-6}}. * Hanna Batatu, "The Old Social Classes and the Revolutionary Movements of Iraq", Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1978. * Charles Glass, "The Northern Front: A Wartime Diary"' Saqi Books, London, 2004. {{ISBN|0-86356-770-3}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050525231213/http://fax.libs.uga.edu/ds49x2xm465d/ A Dweller in Mesopotamia], being the adventures of an official artist in the garden of Eden, by Donald Maxwell, 1921 ''(a searchable facsimile at the University of Georgia Libraries; DjVu & [https://web.archive.org/web/20050906055955/http://fax.libs.uga.edu/DS49x2xM465D/1f/dweller_in_mesopotamia.pdf layered PDF] format)''. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20050402090804/http://fax.libs.uga.edu/DS49x2xW684B/ By Desert Ways to Baghdad], by Louisa Jebb (Mrs. Roland Wilkins) With illustrations and a map, 1908 (1909 ed.) ''(a searchable facsimile at the University of Georgia Libraries; DjVu & [https://web.archive.org/web/20050906060015/http://fax.libs.uga.edu/DS49x2xW684B/1f/desert_ways_to_baghdad.pdf layered PDF] format)''. * Benjamin Busch, "'Today is Better than Tomorrow'. A Marine returns to a divided Iraq", ''Harper's Magazine'', October 2014, pp.&nbsp;29–44. * [https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/notes/2009/N3248.pdf Global Arms Exports to Iraq 1960–1990, Rand Research report] * {{cite book|last=Lyman|first=Robert|title=Iraq 1941: The Battles for Basra, Habbaniya, Fallujah and Baghdad|publisher=Osprey|year=2006|isbn=1-84176-991-6|series=Campaign|location=Oxford}} * {{cite book|last=Polk|first=William Roe|title=Understanding Iraq|publisher=I.B. Tauris|year=2005|isbn=978-0-85771-764-1}} * {{cite book|last=Simons|first=Geoff|title=Iraq: From Sumer to Saddam|url=https://archive.org/details/iraqfromsumertos0002simo|publisher=St. Martin's Press|year=1996|isbn=978-0-312-16052-4}} == Read further == * {{cite web|title=Iraqi Constitution|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128152712/http://www.iraqinationality.gov.iq/attach/iraqi_constitution.pdf|publisher=Ministry of Interior – General Directorate For Nationality|access-date=18 February 2013|date=30 January 2006|ref={{harvid|Iraqi Constitution}}|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128152712/https://web.archive.org/web/20161128152712/http://www.iraqinationality.gov.iq/attach/iraqi_constitution.pdf|archive-date=28 November 2016}} * {{cite book|author-link=|last=Tripp|first=Charles R. H.|title=A History of Iraq |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofiraq0000trip|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2002|isbn=978-0-521-87823-4}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q796|c=Category:Iraq|n=Category:Iraq|b=no|v=no|voy=Iraq|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} {{Library resources box}} * [https://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=IQ Key Development Forecasts for Iraq] from International Futures === Government === * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250804073617/https://ur.gov.iq/ Ur Portal] – gateway to government sites * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230404190359/https://www.presidency.iq/EN/ Presidency] – official website of the president of Iraq * [https://pmo.iq/ Prime Minister] – official website of the prime minister of Iraq * [https://cosit.gov.iq Statistics] – Official website of Central Statistical Organization === History === * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250402173716/https://www.iraqiembassy.us/page/iraqs-history-an-interactive-timeline "History"] – Iraqi History at Embassy of the Republic of Iraq in Washington === Maps === * {{Osmrelation-inline|304934}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Iraq| ]] [[Category:Countries den territories wer Arabic be official language]] [[Category:Federal republics]] [[Category:Member states of OPEC]] [[Category:Member states of de Arab League]] [[Category:Member states of de Organisation of Islamic Cooperation]] [[Category:Member states of de United Nations]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1932]] [[Category:West Asian countries]] [[Category:Countries for Asia insyd]] [[Category:Kurdish-speaking countries den territories]] 0pjyc4cifcw5uwgj788tiub0mimjg3a 0 18360 112468 108539 2026-09-25T00:35:02Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112468 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Congolese rumba''', dem sanso know as '''African rumba''',<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mutara|first=Eugene|date=29 April 2008|title=Rwanda: Memories Through Congolese Music|url=https://allafrica.com/stories/200804290721.html|url-status=live|archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20080905052634/http://allafrica.com/stories/200804290721.html|archive-date=5 September 2008|access-date=29 July 2025|website=The New Times|publication-place=Kigali, Rwanda}}</ref> be a dance music genre wey dey originate from de [[Republic of the Congo]] (formerly French Congo) den [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] (formerly Zaire). Plus ein rhythms, melodies, den lyrics, Congolese rumba gain global recognition den dey remain an integral part of African music heritage. Insyd December 2021, na dem add am to de [[UNESCO]] list of [[UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists|intangible cultural heritage]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Stewart |first=Gary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7VmcEAAAQBAJ |title=Rumba on the River: A History of the Popular Music of the Two Congos |publisher=Verso |date=5 May 2020 |isbn=9781789609110}}</ref><ref name="aljazeera2">{{Cite web|last=Pietromarchi|first=Virginia|date=15 December 2021|title='The soul of the Congolese': Rumba added to UNESCO heritage list|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/12/15/congolese-rumba-added-unesco-heritage-list|access-date=17 December 2021|website=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref><ref name="unesco2">{{Cite web|date=16 December 2021|title=43 elements inscribed on UNESCO's inscribed on UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage lists|url=https://en.unesco.org/news/43-elements-inscribed-unescos-intangible-cultural-heritage-lists|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211217042126/https://en.unesco.org/news/43-elements-inscribed-unescos-intangible-cultural-heritage-lists|archive-date=17 December 2021|website=UNESCO}}</ref> Known for ein rhythmic patterns, guitar solos, den emotive vocals—dem primarily perform am insyd Lingala, though sanso insyd French, Kikongo, Swahili, den Luba—dem dey define de genre by ein multilayered, cyclical guitar riffs, a rhythm section wey be anchored by electric bass den percussion, den de sebene: a high-energy instrumental bridge wey dey inspire both dancers den atalaku (hype men).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Concise_Garland_Encyclopedia_of_Worl/Utpc5-zDBqAC?hl=en&gbpv=0|title=The Concise Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: Africa; South America, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean; The United States and Canada; Europe; Oceania|date=2008|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-99403-3|editor-last=Koskoff|editor-first=Ellen|location=Oxfordshire, England, United Kingdom|page=87}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Eyre|first=Banning|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uDLXx5vxTn4C|title=Africa: Your Passport to a New World of Music|date=2002|publisher=Alfred Music Publishing|isbn=978-0-7390-2474-4|location=Van Nuys, Los Angeles, California, United States|page=15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=White|first=Bob W.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AuN2CnGwsnQC|title=Rumba Rules: The Politics of Dance Music in Mobutu's Zaire|date=27 June 2008|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=978-0-8223-4112-3|location=Durham, North Carolina, United States|pages=52–58}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Micalef|first=Olivier Rivera|date=July 2024|title=Tradition et modernité dans la musique de l'Afrique occidentale|trans-title=Tradition and Modernity in the Music of West Africa|url=https://digibuo.uniovi.es/dspace/bitstream/handle/10651/73917/TFG_OlivierRiveraMicalef.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=30 July 2025|website=Digibuo.uniovi.es|publisher=University of Oviedo|page=18|language=fr|publication-place=Oviedo, Asturias, Spain}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==Bibliography== * {{cite book|title=Rumba on the River: A History of the Popular Music of the Two Congos|url=https://archive.org/details/rumbaonriverhist00stew|year=2000|publisher=Verso|isbn=1-85984-368-9|author=Gary Stewart}} * {{cite journal|last1=Wheeler|first1=Jesse Samba|title=Rumba Lingala as Colonial Resistance|journal=Image & Narrative|date=March 2005|issue=10|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115030503/http://www.imageandnarrative.be/inarchive/worldmusica/jessesambawheeler.htm|access-date=16 December 2015|archive-date=15 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115030503/https://web.archive.org/web/20160115030503/http://www.imageandnarrative.be/inarchive/worldmusica/jessesambawheeler.htm|url-status=dead}} == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://www.worldhum.com/dispatches/item/soukous_and_the_sound_of_sunshine_20060701/ The Sound of Sunshine: How soukous saved my life] [[Category:Music of de Democratic Republic of the Congo]] [[Category:Dance music genres]] [[Category:African music genres]] ha925e8pjs4255c1w6g2py5s6vrz608 0 18370 112540 107553 2026-09-25T02:22:49Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 12 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112540 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Paul Kagame''' (/kəˈɡɑːmeɪ/ ^ⓘ ''kə-GAH-may''; born 23 October 1957) be Rwandan politician plus former soldier wey don dey serve as President of Rwanda since 2000. Before that, e be commander for Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), wey be rebel force wey invade Rwanda for 1990. De RPF be one of de main sides for Rwandan Civil War, plus na dem end de 1994 Rwandan genocide. After all dat, e come turn de person wey dey run tins behind de scenes as Vice President plus Minister of Defence under President Pasteur Bizimungu, until dem elect am as Rwanda ein 4th president for 2000, wey dem take cancel de vice-presidential post. Kagame be Tutsi wey dem born for southern Rwanda, but ein family run go Uganda when e be two years old. E grow up for there while de Rwandan Revolution dey happen, wey end de Tutsi demma power for politics. For 1980s inside, Kagame join Yoweri Museveni ein rebel army fight, and after plenty military wins wey carry Museveni go become Uganda ein president, Kagame turn senior officer for Ugandan army. Later e join RPF and take over control after de leader before, Fred Rwigyema, die on de second day of de 1990 invasion. By 1993, de RPF take control over big part of Rwanda, and dem arrange ceasefire. But when dem kill Rwandan President Juvénal Habyarimana, e spark de genocide, wey Hutu extremists kill like 500,000 to 800,000 Tutsi plus moderate Hutu. Kagame start de civil war again after dat and finish am by winning military victory, wey end de genocide. As Kagame dey vice president, e control de national army plus e be de one wey dey make sure say de government hold ein power, while other officials dey try rebuild de country. Plenty RPF soldiers go do revenge killings. Kagame talk say e no support dat kind killings, but e no stop am too. Hutu refugee camps start dey pop up for Zaire plus other countries, and RPF attack some of dem camps for 1996, but insurgents still dey attack Rwanda. As part of de invasion move, Kagame back two rebel wars wey happen for Zaire. Rebels wey Rwanda plus Uganda support win de first war (1996–97), come install Laurent-Désiré Kabila as president make e replace Mobutu Sese Seko, de dictator. Dem come change Zaire ein name back to how e be before Mobutu—Democratic Republic of de Congo (DRC). Then second war start for 1998 against Kabila, and later ein son Joseph, after DRC government sack Rwandan plus Ugandan soldiers from de country. De war turn big gbege wey no calm down till peace deal plus ceasefire reach for 2003. Bizimungu step down for 2000, and e be like say dem force am, after e fall out plus de RPF. Na Kagame take over from am. Later, dem carry Bizimungu go prison for corruption plus stirring ethnic violence, but human rights people talk say de charges be political move. People dey see Kagame ein rule as authoritarian, and human rights groups dey talk say e dey suppress opposition. People wey dey look de regime from outside get mixed opinion. But as president, Kagame make national development ein top priority—e bring in plenty programs wey boost healthcare, education, plus economic growth. E get better relations plus de East African Community plus United States; but ein relationship plus France no be good till 2009. Even though dem get ceasefire for 2003, relations plus DRC still dey rough. Human rights groups plus one leaked UN report talk say Rwanda dey support two rebel groups for DRC, but Kagame deny dat matter. Because of dis, some countries stop demma aid for 2012. Since e take power, Kagame win four presidential elections, but international observers no rate any of dem as free or fair. People dey argue too say e get hand inside some killings of exiled political opponents, wey bring controversy. == Early life == Dem born Kagame on 23 October 1957, as de last born insyd six children, for one village dem dey call Tambwe, for Ruanda-Urundi, a place wey dey insyd now dem dey call de Southern Province of Rwanda. Ein poppie, Deogratias Rutagambwa, be Tutsi person—na from dat ethnic group de royal family don come since 18th century or even before. Deogratias, wey be member of de Bega clan, get family link plus King Mutara III, but instead make he stay close to de royal court, he choose to do ein own business. However, Rutagambwa ein uncle, Rwubusisi, be one powerful and well-known politician. Kagame ein mommie, Asteria Bisinda, be descendant from de family of de last Rwandan queen, Rosalie Gicanda, from de Hebera branch of de royal Nyiginya clan. At de time wey Kagame take born, Rwanda be United Nations Trust Territory, wey Belgium don dey rule in different ways since 1916, under dem mandate to take supervise how independence go come. Rwandans dem consist of three different groups: de Tutsi, wey be minority, be de traditional ruling class, and de Belgian colonial administration long time promote Tutsi supremacy. De majority group, Hutu, be people wey dey farm. De third group, wey dem dey call Twa, be pygmy people wey dey live for forest, wey come from Rwanda ein first people, and dem be less than 1% of de population. Tension between Tutsi den Hutu start rise during de 1950s, den e end up insyd de 1959 Rwandan Revolution. Hutu activists start kill Tutsi people, wey make more than 100,000 Tutsi run go seek safety insyd neighbouring countries. Kagame ein family lef dem house den live for two years insyd northeastern Rwanda, before dem finally cross de border go Uganda. Dem move small small go north, den for 1962, dem settle insyd Nshungerezi refugee camp for de Toro sub-region. Na around dis same time Kagame first meet Fred Rwigyema, wey later become leader for de Rwandan Patriotic Front. Kagame start ein primary school for one school close to de refugee camp, where he den other Rwandan refugees learn how to speak English den start blend insyd Ugandan culture. When he reach nine years, he move go Rwengoro Primary School, wey dem respect well, around 16 kilometres from de camp. After dat, he go Ntare School, one of de top schools insyd Uganda, wey be de same school future Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni go. According to Kagame, ein poppie ein death for early 1970s den de way Rwigyema comot go one place dem no know, cause am make ein school performance drop den make he start dey fight people wey dey look down on Rwandans. Later, dem suspend am from Ntare, den he finish ein studies for Old Kampala Secondary School. After he finish ein education, Kagame do two visits go Rwanda, for 1977 den 1978. At first, family members of ein former classmates host am, but as he reach insyd Kigali, he connect plus ein own family people. He keep ein profile low during dem visits, as he believe say as he be well-connected Tutsi exile, dem fit arrest am. For de second visit, he enter de country through Zaire instead of Uganda to avoid make people suspect am. Kagame take dat time wey he spend for Rwanda explore de country, get used to de political den social condition, den build links wey later help am for ein future plans. == Military career, 1979–1994 == === Ugandan Bush War === For 1978, Fred Rwigyema return go western Uganda den reconnect plus Kagame. As he no dey around, Rwigyema join de rebel army wey Yoweri Museveni lead. Dem base for Tanzania, wey dem plan to overthrow de Ugandan government under Idi Amin. Rwigyema go back Tanzania den fight for de 1979 war, where Museveni ein rebel group, FRONASA, join body plus Tanzanian army den other Ugandan exiles, take defeat Amin. After Amin fall, Kagame den other Rwandan refugees give loyalty to Museveni, wey don become cabinet member insyd de new transition government. Kagame later go get military training for United States Army Command den General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. De former president Milton Obote win de 1980 Ugandan general election. Museveni no agree say de result be fair, so he den ein people pull out from de new government as protest. For 1981, Museveni form de rebel Popular Resistance Army (PRA); Kagame den Rwigyema join as founding soldiers, plus 38 other Ugandans. De goal of de army be to overthrow Obote ein government—dis movement later turn into wetin people dey call de Ugandan Bush War. Kagame take part insyd de Battle of Kabamba, wey be PRA ein first operation, for February 1981. Kagame den Rwigyema join de PRA mainly to make life better for Rwandan refugees wey Obote ein regime dey persecute. Dem get long-term plan too—to return go Rwanda plus other Tutsi refugees; de military training dem go get go help dem fit fight de Hutu-controlled Rwandan army. De PRA join another rebel group for June 1981, den together dem form de National Resistance Army (NRA). Inside de NRA, Kagame focus on intelligence-gathering, den he climb reach position wey near Museveni ein own. De NRA, wey base dey insyd de Luwero Triangle, fight Ugandan army for five more years, even after Obote lose ein power through coup d'état for 1985 den peace talks start. For 1986, de NRA capture Kampala plus 14,000 soldiers, including 500 Rwandans, den dem form new government. After Museveni take office as president, he appoint Kagame den Rwigyema as senior officers insyd de new Ugandan army; Kagame be de head for military intelligence. For one 2018 paper, Canadian scholar den Rwanda expert Gerald Caplan talk say dis appointment be big achievement for person wey be foreigner den refugee. Caplan talk say Museveni get reputation for being tough, den say Kagame too for be tough like am before he fit get dat kind post. He come talk say military intelligence work no be soft thing, so e no go realistic to believe say Kagame no take part for de "unsavory activities" wey military security dey do. Aside dem army duty, Kagame den Rwigyema start build secret network of Rwandan Tutsi refugees inside de army ranks, as plan for future attack go Rwanda. By 1989, Rwanda ein President Habyarimana den plenty Ugandans insyd de army start criticize Museveni because he dey give top posts to Rwandan refugees. As result, Museveni demote Kagame den Rwigyema. Kagame den Rwigyema still remain de facto senior officers, but de change push dem make dem fast-track dem plans to invade Rwanda. Dem join one organisation dem dey call de Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), wey be refugee group wey don dey operate under different names since 1979. Rwigyema become de RPF leader shortly after he join, den while still dey serve insyd de Ugandan army, he plus Kagame finish plan de invasion. === Rwandan Civil War === Insyd October 1990, Rwigyema lead over 4,000 RPF rebels enter Rwanda through de Kagitumba border post, den dem advance 60 kilometres go south reach de town of Gabiro. Kagame no dey insyd de early stage of de attack, as he dey United States, attend de Command plus General Staff College for Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. On de second day of de invasion, Rwigyema get shot for ein head den he die. De exact way wey e happen still dey bring argument; de official explanation from Kagame ein government, plus de one wey historian Gérard Prunier write for ein 1995 book, be say stray bullet na e kill Rwigyema. Inside ein 2009 book Africa's World War, Prunier talk say na Rwigyema ein subcommander Peter Bayingana kill am after dem get wahala over tactics. According to dat story, Bayingana plus anoda subcommander, Chris Bunyenyezi, later get executed under Museveni ein orders. But for one 2005 talk wey Prunier get plus Caplan, he give anoda version—say de people wey kill Bayingana den Bunyenyezi na Kagame bring dem. Caplan talk say de story still no clear because proper research no dey, but if e true, then dis “tales of death den intrigue” show one more angle inside Kagame ein character. Rwigyema ein death throw de RPF into serious confusion. France plus Zaire send demma own forces come support de Rwandan army, den by end of October, dem push RPF back go de far northeast corner of de country. Kagame come back to Africa den take command of de RPF forces, wey dem reduce to less than 2,000 soldiers. Kagame plus ein soldiers move go west, pass through Uganda, enter de Virunga Mountains—one rugged high-altitude place wey de land conditions favour dem. From there, he re-arm den re-organise de army, den do fundraising plus recruit people from de Tutsi diaspora. Insyd January 1991, Kagame restart de fight, begin with attack for de northern town of Ruhengeri. As dem take people by surprise, de RPF capture de town den hold am for one day before dem retreat go back insyd de forests. For de next year, de RPF fight guerilla war wey be hit-and-run style, capture some border places but no really get big win against de Rwandan army. Dis actions cause around 300,000 Hutu people to run comot from dem areas. Prunier write for 1995 say de RPF surprise say Hutu farmers "no show excitement for being 'liberated' by dem". But for her 2018 book ''In Praise of Blood'', Canadian journalist Judi Rever talk say some witnesses claim say e be de RPF wey force de people to run, through attack on villages, laying landmines den even shooting children. Caplan ein paper question whether some of de witnesses wey Rever talk to really be credible, but he still point say "plenty anoda sources besides Rever confirm say RPF do war crimes". After dem form multi-party coalition government for Kigali for June 1992, Kagame announce ceasefire den start negotiations plus de Rwandan government for Arusha, Tanzania. But for early 1993, some extremist Hutu groups come form den begin serious violence against Tutsi people. Kagame respond by pausing de peace talks small, den launch big attack, wey make de RPF capture large area for de northern part of de country. Peace talks start again for Arusha, den de final agreement dem reach—wey dem call de Arusha Accords—get signed for August 1993. Inside de agreement, de RPF get positions inside one broad-based transitional government (BBTG), den demma place too inside de national army. De United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR), wey be peacekeeping team, come arrive, den dem give RPF base inside de national parliament building for Kigali to use during de setup of de BBTG. === Rwandan genocide === ''Main article: [[Rwandan genocide]]'' On 6 April 1994, Rwandan President Habyarimana ein plane get shot down near Kigali Airport, wey kill both Habyarimana den de President of Burundi, Cyprien Ntaryamira, plus demma entourage den three French crew members. De people wey do de attack still remain unknown. For ein 1995 book, Prunier talk say e most likely be coup d'état wey some extreme Hutu members from Habyarimana ein government plan, as dem fear say de president really wan follow de Arusha agreement, den say dis act be part of de planned genocide. But dis theory get challenge for 2006 by one French judge, Jean-Louis Bruguière, den again for 2008 by Spanish judge Fernando Andreu. Both of dem talk say na Kagame plus de RPF be de ones responsible. Rever too hold Kagame responsible, say ein motive be to throw Rwanda insyd confusion so dat de RPF go get platform to finish dem plan to take over de whole country. Later for 2018, Caplan check de two arguments den question de evidence wey Bruguière den Rever use, say people don discredit am plenty times because of ein bad method den de way e depend on sources wey don split badly plus Kagame. Caplan also point say extremist Hutu people already make plenty threats before to kill Habyarimana for demma journals den radio stations, den eyewitnesses talk say roadblocks get set up for Kigali den killings start within one hour after de crash—dis be sign say de plane shooting na de start of de genocide wey dem plan. After Habyarimana ein death, one military committee wey Colonel Théoneste Bagosora lead take quick control of de country. Under de committee ein orders, de Hutu militia Interahamwe plus de Presidential Guard start kill Hutu den Tutsi opposition politicians den other top Tutsi people. After dat, de killers turn target de whole Tutsi population, plus moderate Hutu too, wey be de beginning of de Rwandan genocide. For around 100 days, dem estimate say between 206,000 to 800,000 Tutsi den moderate Hutu die under de committee ein orders. On 7 April, Kagame give warning to de committee plus UNAMIR say he go restart de civil war if dem no stop de killings. De next day, Rwandan government forces attack de national parliament building from different directions, but de RPF soldiers wey dey station there fight back successfully. Kagame start ein own attack from de north on three fronts, wey aim to link up quick plus de troops wey dey isolated insyd Kigali. Dem set up one interim government but Kagame no gree talk to dem, as he believe say dat one just be cover for Bagosora ein rule. Over de next few days, RPF move steady go south, capture Gabiro den large areas of countryside for de north den east of Kigali. Dem no attack Kigali or Byumba at dat stage, but dem do movements to circle de cities den block supply routes. All through April, UNAMIR try many times to get ceasefire, but every time Kagame talk say de RPF no go stop de fight unless de killings stop. For late April, RPF take control of de whole Tanzanian border area den start dey move west from Kibungo, wey dey south of Kigali. Dem no face much resistance, apart from de areas around Kigali den Ruhengeri. By 16 May, dem cut de road between Kigali den Gitarama, wey be de temporary place wey de interim government stay, den by 13 June, dem take Gitarama after Rwandan government forces fail to open de road again. De interim government come move go Gisenyi, wey dey far northwest. As de war still dey go on, Kagame dey recruit plenty to make de army grow. De new recruits be Tutsi people wey survive de genocide plus refugees from Burundi, but dem no get de same training or discipline like de ones wey join earlier. After Kagame complete de circle around Kigali, he spend de second half of June dey fight to take over de city. Even though government forces get more soldiers den better weapons, de RPF still dey win territory small small, den dem do raids to rescue civilians wey dey trapped behind enemy lines. Roméo Dallaire, wey be UNAMIR ein force commander, talk say de success be because Kagame be “master of psychological warfare”; he take advantage of de fact say government forces dey focus on de genocide instead of de war for Kigali, den use de way dem morale drop to gain more ground. De RPF finally beat de Rwandan government forces insyd Kigali on 4 July, den on 18 July dem take Gisenyi plus de rest of de northwest, wey make de interim government run enter Zaire, wey bring de genocide to end. By de end of July 1994, Kagame ein forces control de whole of Rwanda except one area wey dey southwest, wey French-led United Nations team occupy under wetin dem call Opération Turquoise. Kagame ein tactics plus actions during de genocide still cause controversy. Some Western people like Dallaire den Luc Marchal, wey be senior Belgian peacekeeper for Rwanda at dat time, talk say de RPF care more about taking power pass saving lives or stopping de genocide. Scholars too believe say de RPF kill plenty Rwandan civilians, mostly Hutu, during de genocide plus even months after. Dem estimate say de number of people wey die fit be tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands. For her book ''Leave None to Tell de Story: Genocide insyd Rwanda'' wey she write for Human Rights Watch, Rwanda expert Alison des Forges talk say although de RPF save many lives, dem “relentlessly go after people dem believe say be guilty of genocide,” den say “for de sake of military win plus ending de genocide, de RPF kill thousands, including people wey no dey fight, government troops, plus militia members.” De Organisation of African Unity document human rights abuses wey de RPF do during de genocide for one 2000 report, den Prunier too write am for ''Africa’s World War''. Inside one interview plus journalist Stephen Kinzer, Kagame admit say killings happen, but he talk say rogue soldiers do dem, den say e no dey possible to control dem all. De RPF killings continue after de genocide end—de one wey make international people notice na de 1995 Kibeho massacre, wey soldiers shoot people inside one camp for internally displaced persons for Butare Province. Australian soldiers wey dey serve under UNAMIR estimate say at least 4,000 people die, but de Rwandan government talk say de death toll be 338. == Vice President den Minister of Defence == After de genocide, de new Rwandan government take over office for Kigali inside July 1994. Dem base am loosely on de Arusha Accords, but Habyarimana ein party, MRND, get banned. De positions wey MRND suppose hold, de RPF take dem over. De military wing of de RPF change name to Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA), wey come turn de national army. Paul Kagame take two roles—Vice President of Rwanda den Minister of Defence—while Pasteur Bizimungu, one Hutu wey work as civil servant under Habyarimana before he run go join de RPF, get appointed as president. Bizimungu plus ein cabinet get small control over home affairs, but Kagame still be commander-in-chief of de army den actually be de one wey run de country. German public broadcaster Deutsche Welle talk say "Bizimungu be like placeholder for Kagame" in de way people see am. ==== Domestic situation ==== De genocide spoil de whole infrastructure den economy of de country bad. Plenty buildings no fit be used again, den de people wey rule before carry all de money plus demma movable things run when dem flee. Human power too short well-well, as over 40% of de population either die or run comot. Many people wey remain get serious trauma; most of dem lose family members, see people dey killed, or even take part inside de killings. Kagame hold control over de national army den e job be to make sure de government power stay strong, while de other government officials start rebuild de country. Non-governmental organisations start return back to de country, den de international community spend US$1.5 billion on humanitarian help between July den December 1994. But Prunier talk say dis money “no really connect to de true economic needs of de community.” Kagame try make de government look inclusive den no be like say e dey dominated by Tutsi. He order make dem remove ethnicity from citizens demma national ID cards, den de government start policy to make de difference between Hutu, Tutsi den Twa people no be something wey dem dey push again. De unity government start break small for 1995. De violence wey still dey go on, plus de way dem appoint local government officials wey mostly be RPF Tutsi, cause big disagreement between Kagame den some top Hutu government members like prime minister Faustin Twagiramungu den interior minister Seth Sendashonga. Twagiramungu resign for August, den de next day, Kagame sack Sendashonga plus three anoda people. Pasteur Bizimungu still remain president, but de new government now be mostly RPF Tutsi people loyal to Kagame. After dem comot from de government, Twagiramungu den Sendashonga move go abroad go form new opposition party. Sendashonga, wey also talk say dem for punish rogue RPF soldiers wey dey kill people, go settle for Kenya. After one attempt to kill am fail for 1996, dem later assassinate am for Nairobi for May 1998, when dem shoot inside UN vehicle wey he dey inside. Plenty observers believe say na Kagame order de killing; Caplan talk say “de RPF deny any responsibility, wey nobody apart from demma die-hard followers believe.” === Refugee crisis den insurgency === After de RPF win, about two million Hutu people run go refugee camps for neighbouring countries, especially Zaire, as dem fear say de RPF go take revenge for de Rwandan genocide. De camps get set up by de United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), but na de army den government of de old Hutu regime take control dem—inside include plenty people wey lead de genocide. Dis same regime dey eager to come back to power for Rwanda, so dem start rearm, kill Tutsi people wey dey stay for Zaire, plus launch attacks cross de border with support from de Interahamwe paramilitary group. By late 1996, de Hutu militants turn serious threat to de new Rwandan government, so Kagame launch one counterattack. Kagame first provide soldiers plus military training to help one rebellion against Zaire by de Banyamulenge, one Tutsi group wey dey live near Bukavu for South Kivu province insyd Zaire. Plus support from de Rwandan army, de Banyamulenge defeat local security forces den start attack de Hutu refugee camps wey dey that area. Same time, Kagame ein forces join body plus Zairian Tutsi people wey dey around Goma to attack two of de camps wey dey there. Most of de refugees wey dey inside de camps wey dem attack run go settle for one big place dem dey call Mugunga camp. For November 1996, Rwandan army attack Mugunga, wey cause about 800,000 refugees to scatter. Some go back to Rwanda even though de RPF still dey control, anoda group move go further west inside Zaire. Even though dem disband de camps, de forces from de old regime wey dem defeat still continue cross-border attacks into Rwanda from North Kivu. De insurgents remain inside Rwanda ein northwestern regions den get support from plenty Hutu people wey used to dey inside de refugee camps before de attacks. As Kagame dey support de wars wey dey happen for Congo, he start one propaganda campaign to pull de Hutu people come ein side. He put former soldiers from de genocidal regime ein army inside de RPF-controlled national army, den also appoint top Hutu people take government positions inside de areas wey insurgency dey worry. These methods work well—by 1999, de people wey dey north west stop dey support de insurgents, den most of de rebels get defeat. === Congo wars === Even though Kagame ein main reason for military action inside Zaire be to break down de refugee camps, he also start dey plan one war to remove longtime dictator President Mobutu Sese Seko from power. Mobutu support de genocidaires wey dey hide inside de camps, plus people accuse am say he allow attacks on Tutsi people wey dey live inside Zaire. Kagame come join body plus Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni take support one new rebel group dem call de Alliance of Democratic Forces for de Liberation of Congo (ADFL). Dis be one alliance of four rebel groups wey Laurent-Désiré Kabila lead, den dem start fight de First Congo War. De ADFL, plus help from Rwandan den Ugandan soldiers, take control of North den South Kivu provinces for November 1996. From there, dem move west, dey take land from de Zairian army wey no really get organisation or morale to fight back. By May 1997, dem control almost all of Zaire except de capital, Kinshasa. Mobutu run comot den de ADFL enter de capital without any fight. Dem change de country name to Democratic Republic of de Congo (DRC), den Kabila become de new president. People accuse de Rwandan Defence Forces plus de ADFL say dem commit mass atrocities during de First Congo War—reports talk say as many as 222,000 Rwandan Hutu refugees go missing. Kagame plus de Rwandan government still hold strong influence over Kabila after dem swear am in, den de Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA) keep heavy presence insyd Kinshasa. But people wey dey de capital no happy about dis, same as many for eastern Kivu provinces, where ethnic fights increase sharp sharp. For July 1998, Kabila sack ein Rwandan chief-of-staff, James Kabarebe, den order all RPA soldiers make dem leave de country. Kagame accuse Kabila say he dey support de rebels wey dey fight Rwanda from North Kivu—na de same thing he talk say Mobutu do. As reply to de way dem drive ein soldiers, Kagame support one new rebel group dem call Rally for Congolese Democracy (RCD), den from there dem start de Second Congo War. De first action for de war be one blitzkrieg wey de RCD den RPA launch under de command of Kabarebe. Dem move fast, cover ground from de Kivu provinces go west, reach within 130 kilometres from Kinshasa in just twelve days. But de capital escape capture because Angola, Namibia den Zimbabwe step in to support Kabila. As de blitzkrieg fail, de fight turn into long, serious conventional war wey last till 2003, cause massive destruction plus millions of people die. De International Rescue Committee (IRC) talk say de war kill between 3 million den 7.6 million people, most of dem die from hunger den sickness because of how de war scatter de society. Even though Kagame ein main reason for de two Congo wars be Rwanda ein security, people accuse am say he make economic gain by tapping into de mineral riches from eastern Congo. One 2001 United Nations report from Panel of Experts talk say Kagame plus Ugandan President Museveni “almost turn godfathers of de illegal exploitation of natural resources den de continued conflict” for de Democratic Republic of de Congo. De same report claim say de Rwandan Ministry of Defence get one “Congo Desk” wey dey collect taxes from companies wey get mining license near Kisangani, den say big amounts of coltan plus diamonds pass through Kigali before dem sell am for de international market by people wey dey work for dis Congo Desk. One international NGO wey dem call Global Witness do some field studies for early 2013. Dem conclude say minerals from North den South Kivu dey export illegally go Rwanda, then dem dey market am as if e be Rwandan minerals. Kagame reject de allegations, say dem no get evidence and dem be political motivation. For one 2002 interview wey he do plus Africa Confidential newsletter, Kagame talk say if solid evidence against any Rwandan officers come up, de matter go be treated very serious. Then for 2010, United Nations release one report wey accuse de Rwandan army say dem commit large-scale human rights violations plus crimes against humanity inside de Democratic Republic of de Congo during both de First den Second Congo Wars. But de Rwandan government deny all de charges. == Presidency == ==== Accession ==== For late 1990s, Kagame start dey clash publicly plus Bizimungu den de Hutu-led government for Rwanda. Kagame accuse Bizimungu say he dey do corruption den poor governance, but Bizimungu feel say he no get power over who dem appoint go de cabinet, den say de Transitional National Assembly just dey act like puppet for Kagame. Bizimungu resign from de presidency for March 2000. Most historians believe say Kagame force Bizimungu to resign after he talk against de National Assembly den try bring confusion inside de RPF. But when Kagame talk to Kinzer, he claim say de news surprise am—say na one friend call am then tell am de “shocking news.” After Bizimungu resign, Rwanda Supreme Court rule say make Kagame act as president until dem choose permanent successor. Kagame don be de real leader since 1994, but he focus more on military matters, foreign relations den security of de country pass day-to-day running. By 2000, de danger from cross-border rebels don reduce, so when Bizimungu resign, Kagame decide say he go run for president himself. De transitional constitution still dey work by then, wey mean say na government ministers plus de Transitional National Assembly dem elect president, not direct voting by citizens. De RPF choose two people as candidates—Kagame plus de RPF secretary general Charles Murigande. De ministers den parliament vote, wey Kagame win by eighty-one votes to three. For April 2000, Kagame swear in as president. Around dat same time, some Hutu politicians wey include prime minister Pierre-Célestin Rwigema comot from de government, so de new cabinet now full of people wey dey close to Kagame. Bizimungu come start ein own party for 2001, but Kagame ein government ban am say political campaign no dey allowed under de transitional constitution. De next year, Kagame give public warning to Bizimungu say de government ein patience with ein political moves no be “infinite,” then two weeks later dem arrest am. Later, dem convict am for corruption den inciting ethnic violence—human rights groups talk say de charges be political. === New constitution === Between 1994 den 2003, Rwanda dey under some set of documents wey mix President Habyarimana ein 1991 constitution, de Arusha Accords, plus some anoda new protocols wey de transitional government add. As de accords demand, Kagame set up one constitutional commission make dem draft new permanent constitution. De constitution suppose follow some key principles like fair power sharing den democracy. De commission try make sure say de draft constitution go be “home-grown,” make e fit Rwanda ein own needs, den make e show de views of all de people; dem send questions go civil groups all over de country, den dem reject help from international people except for financial support. Dem release de draft constitution for 2003; parliament approve am, den dem carry am go referendum for May of dat year. De government promote de referendum well-well; in de end, 95% of adults wey fit vote register, den de turnout on voting day be 87%. De people accept de constitution strong, as 93% vote for am. Inside de new constitution, dem set up one two-house parliament, elected president wey go serve seven-year terms, den multi-party politics. De constitution too try stop any group—Hutu or Tutsi—from dey control political power pass everybody. Article 54 talk say “political organisations no dey allowed to base demselves on race, ethnic group, tribe, clan, region, sex, religion or any anoda division wey fit bring discrimination.” But Human Rights Watch talk say dis clause, plus some anoda laws wey parliament later pass, make Rwanda turn like one-party state, as “under de excuse of stopping anoda genocide, de government no dey tolerate even small small forms of disagreement.” === Elections den referendum === Since Kagame climb de presidency seat insyd 2000, ein don face four presidential elections—insyd 2003, 2010, 2017 den 2024. For each of dem elections, dem re-elect am with heavy margin, as e win more than 90 percent of de vote. Referendum wey dem do insyd 2015 for constitutional amendment—wey give Kagame power to contest for anoda terms—sana pass with similar margins. International election monitors, human rights organisations den journalists dey see dem elections like dem no get freedom plus fairness, as Rwandan state enter matter to make sure say Kagame go win. According to Ida Sawyer, Central Africa director for Human Rights Watch, “Rwandans wey try talk or shake status quo, dem arrest dem, dem disappear by force or dem kill dem, independent media no dey talk, den fear don make civil rights or free speech people no dey talk again.” After de 2017 vote, Human Rights Watch bring out proof say some election officials no do well—dem force people to write demma votes where everybody dey see, den dem vote for people wey no show up. De United States Department of State talk say e worry about de irregularities wey dem observe during voting process, plus long-time concern over how dem dey count de votes. For demma 2018 book ''How to Rig an Election'', political scientists Nic Cheeseman den Brian Klaas talk say journalists ask dem why Kagame go “go through de motions of organizing a national poll wey e already sure say e go win.” De book explain say one of de reasons why dem dey do elections be say elections dey “important to secure base level of international legitimacy,” plus say “if you no even pretend say you dey do elections, dem fit sack you from de African Union.” Law professor den human rights researcher Lars Waldorf write say de way RPF dey control de elections fit be strategy to make dem look strong. Waldorf talk say de party ein big margins of victory “no be to convince anybody; but rather, e dey show potential opponents plus de people say Kagame plus RPF dey totally in charge.” Scholars no dey agree on whether Kagame go still win if e no use tactics to control de elections. Caplan write say, as RPF dey intimidate opposition candidates before elections, “wetin pain pass be say dem no even need all dis wahala to hold power.” But Belgian academic Filip Reyntjens no dey agree, ein point be say “RPF know well say if dem open de political space, e go end up make dem lose power.” ==== Presidential election, 2003 ==== De first election wey happen after di genocide come off insyd August 2003, after dem adopt de new constitution. For May, parliament vote make dem ban Republican Democratic Movement (MDR), after one parliamentary commission report accuse MDR say dem dey preach “divisive” ideology. MDR been be one of de coalition parties wey dey insyd de transitional government of national unity, den be de second-biggest party for de country after RPF. Amnesty International no agree with dat move, dem talk say “de allegations against de people wey dem mention for de report no get foundation, e just be part of one government plan to crackdown on political opposition.” Kagame be RPF ein candidate, den former prime minister Twagiramungu be ein main opponent. Twagiramungu plan say e go contest under MDR, but after dem ban de party, e go run as independent. E come back insyd de country from Europe for June 2003, den start ein campaign for August. Kagame declare say e win de election just one day after de poll finish, den de National Electoral Commission later confirm ein victory. De final results show say Kagame chop 95.1 percent of de vote, Twagiramungu get 3.6 percent, den de third candidate, Jean Nepomuscene Nayinzira, pull 1.3 percent; voter turnout reach 96.6 percent. De whole campaign, election day plus wetin come after all pass peacefully, but observer from European Union (EU) raise concern say RPF intimidate opposition supporters. Twagiramungu no gree accept de result, den e question de margin of victory, as e talk say, “Almost 100 percent? Dat no be possible.” E take matter go Supreme Court say make dem cancel de result, but e no win de case, den e lef Rwanda shortly after, cause e fear say dem go arrest am. De EU observer too question de result, talk say dem see “plenty irregularities,” but dem still describe de election as “positive step” for de country ein history. ==== Presidential election, 2010 ==== Kagame contest for re-election insyd 2010, as ein first elected term end. RPF national congress endorse am as demma candidate for May 2010, den dem accept am officially for July. Ein main opponent be Victoire Ingabire, Hutu woman wey dey live abroad for some years, den return come Rwanda insyd January 2010 to contest for presidency. After she criticize Kagame ein policies small, dem arrest am for April, plus dem no allow am make she run for de election again. Amnesty International ein Tawanda Hondora describe dis as “pre-electoral repression.” Kagame start ein campaign with one rally for Kigali ein Amahoro Stadium on 20 July, den e tour de whole country do more rallies for di campaign period. De rallies pull tens of thousands, all dey shout for Kagame, but some Rwandans wey The New York Times interview talk say dem no get freedom to vote against am. Dem talk say government officials from top level reach village level dey put heavy pressure make dem register to vote, donate some of demma small money for Kagame ein campaign, plus attend all de rallies. De election go on as planned insyd August 2010, but without Ingabire plus two other candidates wey dem ban. Kagame face three contestants wey Human Rights Watch describe as “broadly supportive of de RPF.” Kagame later pull 93.08 percent of de total vote for dat election. Opposition groups plus human rights organisations talk say de election no clean, as dem mention issues like repression, murder, plus no credible competition. Kagame reply say, “I no see any problem, but some people dey choose to see problems where problem no dey.” ==== Constitutional referendum, 2015 ==== As Kagame ein second term dey go on, e start hint say e fit try change de term-limit clause for de Rwandan constitution, make e fit contest again for a third term for de 2017 elections. Earlier for ein presidency, e talk say e no go do dat kind tin, but for one 2014 speech wey e give for Tufts University insyd United States, Kagame talk say e no know when e go commot office, den say e be de Rwandan people dem go decide. E talk give de delegates say “…make we wait plus see wetin go happen as we dey go. Anything wey go happen, explanation go dey.” De next year, some protest happen for outside de parliament, den one petition wey 3.7 million people—wey pass half of de electorate—sign, dem carry am go give lawmakers make dem allow Kagame stay for office. Parliament respond by passing amendment to de constitution for November 2015, wey both de Chamber of Deputies plus de Senate vote together for am. De motion wey pass still keep de two-term limit, den e reduce de length of terms from 7 years to 5 years, but e make clear exception for Kagame, say e fit run for one more 7-year term, den plus two extra 5-year terms if e wan. After de amendment pass for parliament, dem need do referendum before e go take full effect. De referendum happen on 18 December 2015, as Rwandans wey dey abroad vote on 17 December. De amendment gain de electorate ein support, as 6.16 million voters talk yes, wey be around 98 percent of de votes. De electoral commission talk say de voting be peaceful plus orderly. De Democratic Green Party, wey be de main domestic group wey no support de change, protest say dem no give dem chance to campaign openly against de amendment. Human Rights Watch ein executive director, Ken Roth, announce for Twitter say e no believe say de election be free plus fair, as e talk say “no suspense for Rwanda referendum when so many dissidents silenced, civil society stifled.” De amendment get criticisms from European Union den United States too, as US release statement talk say Kagame for respect de previous term limits plus “foster a new generation of leaders in Rwanda.” Kagame respond say e no be ein personal decision to go for third term, but say parliament plus de people be de ones wey demand am. ==== Presidential election, 2017 ==== As e follow de constitutional change, presidential election happen for August 2017. De opposition figure wey get highest profile for de 2017 election be one local businesswoman, Diane Rwigara. Even though she talk say "much don improve under Kagame", Rwigara still criticize Kagame ein government, say "people dey disappear, others dey die under unexplained conditions, den nobody dey talk about dis because of fear". Just like how Ingabire take happen insyd 2010, dem no allow Rwigara run for de election. Kagame get endorsement as RPF demma candidate for de election for mid-June, den e start ein re-election campaign for mid-July with rally wey happen for Ruhango. After three weeks of campaigning, wey end with one big rally for Gasabo District, de election happen between Kagame plus two opposition candidates. Kagame win re-election for ein third term with 98.8 percent of de vote, wey be ein highest percentage so far. Dem swear am in again for anoda seven-year term on 18 August. Just like ein previous wins, independent monitors plus human rights organisations talk say irregularities plus intimidation happen during de election process. Cheeseman plus Klaas talk for demma book say Kagame “no even try manipulate de election with de clever ways” wey e use for past campaigns. === Domestic policy === ==== Vision 2020 den Vision 2050 ==== Insyd late 1990s, Kagame start dey plan serious methods to push national development. E launch one national consultation process, plus e seek advice from experts from emerging countries like China, Singapore plus Thailand. After all dis consultations, den shortly after e take over de presidency, Kagame launch one bold national development programme wey dem call Vision 2020. De main goals of de programme be to unite de Rwandan people den turn Rwanda from highly poor country go middle income level. De programme get list of targets wey government plan to achieve before year 2020. Some of dem include reconstruction, better infrastructure plus transport system, good governance, increase agriculture production, develop private sector, den improve health plus education. Insyd 2011, de Ministry of Finance plus Economic Planning (MINECOFIN) release one report wey show how Vision 2020 goals dey move. De report check all de goals dem set, den rate each one with status like "on-track", "on-watch" or "off-track". Out of 44 goals, dem find say 66% dey on-track, 11% dey on-watch, plus 22% dey off-track. De major areas wey dem find say e dey off-track be population, poverty plus de environment. By 2012, MINECOFIN ein review talk say 26% of Vision 2020 demma original indicators don already reach. As dem highlight key areas wey need improvement, de review boost some targets too, like dem change de GDP per capita target from $900 go $1,240. Dat same year, independent review wey some academics from Belgium do say de progress be "quite encouraging", as dem point out improvements for education plus health sectors, plus say Kagame dey create good business environment. But de review also raise worry over de policy of "maximum growth at any cost", as dem suggest say e dey cause situation where only de rich dey enjoy while rural poor no dey benefit much. As dem finish de programme for December 2020, Kagame announce Vision 2050, as e talk say "Vision 2020 be wetin we for do make we survive plus take back our dignity. But Vision 2050 be about de future we go choose, because we fit, plus because we deserve am." Vision 2050 dey focus around two main pillars—Economic Growth plus Prosperity, den High Quality of Life plus Standards of Life for Rwandans. Vision 2050 be de clear plan wey show Kagame ein ambition say Rwanda go turn upper-middle income country by 2035, plus high-income country by 2050. ==== Economy ==== Rwanda be country wey no get plenty natural resources, plus de economy dey rely heavy on subsistence agriculture, as about 75% of de working population dey do farming. Under Kagame ein presidency, de service sector don grow. E dey make up around half of de country ein GDP, plus e be de second biggest employer after agriculture. For 1995, dem create Tri-Star Investments, wey dem change ein name to Crystal Ventures for 2009—e be one investment fund plus financial arm of de Rwandese Patriotic Front. Paul Kagame be de de facto CEO of dis holding company wey, as of 2017, get estimated capital of 500 million dollars plus employ over 12,000 people. Key contributors for de tertiary sector include banking plus finance, wholesale plus retail trade, hotels plus restaurants, transport, storage, communication, insurance, real estate, business services, den public administration, including education plus health. Information plus communications technology (ICT) be priority under Vision 2020, wey target make Rwanda turn ICT hub for Africa. Because of dat goal, government complete 2,300 kilometres (1,400 miles) fibre-optic telecommunications network, wey dem plan say go give broadband services plus help push electronic commerce. Also, for 2012, dem establish Crystal Telecom Rwanda. Tourism be one of de fastest-growing economic resources, plus e turn de country ein top foreign exchange earner for 2011. Rwanda too don exploit Congolese minerals illegally, wey be important part of wetin boost Rwanda ein economy. Political economy researcher Stefaan Marysse estimate say for 1999, 6.1% of Rwanda ein GDP come from illegal resource extraction for inside de DRC. Insyd 2013, foreign aid still make up over 20 percent of GDP plus nearly half of de budget. Economic growth favour mostly de elites wey dey insyd de capital while rural areas still dey behind. Even though government get official policy of privatization, for real life dem rather increase state control over de economy through companies wey get strong ties plus de state plus de ruling party. Rwanda ein economy don grow fast fast under Kagame ein continuous presidency since 2000, as per-capita gross domestic product (purchasing power parity) reach $2,214 for 2020, compared to $631 for 2000. De yearly growth from 2000 to 2020 average around 7% every year. Kagame ein economic policy dey base on liberalizing de economy, cutting red tape for businesses, plus turning de country from agricultural to knowledge-based economy. Kagame talk say e believe Rwanda fit follow de same economic development path like how Singapore do since 1960. Inside ein national Vision 2050 Policy, Kagame believe say Rwanda fit turn upper middle income country by 2035, plus high income country by 2050. Rwanda don rank high for several areas of de World Bank ein ease of doing business index. For 2005, after dem rank de country 158th for de Ease of Doing Business Index, Kagame set up one special unit make dem study de economy plus find ways to make business easier. Because of dis, de country top de list of reformers for 2009. For 2012, de country ein overall ranking for ease of doing business reach 52nd out of 185 countries for worldwide, plus third out of 46 for Sub-Saharan Africa. Rwanda come place eighth for de 2012 rankings for ease of starting business; de Rwanda Development Board talk say business fit get authorisation plus registration within 24 hours. De business environment plus economy too benefit from de low level of corruption wey dey de country; for 2010, Transparency International rank Rwanda as de eighth cleanest out of 47 countries for Sub-Saharan Africa, plus sixty-sixth cleanest out of 178 for de whole world. As of 2010, de country get international recognition for ein strong institutions plus low level of corruption. Foreign donors plus investors, including Bill Clinton den Starbucks ein chairman Howard Schultz, don praise Kagame ein economic policy. ==== Education den health ==== Kagame put youth education for Rwanda as top priority under ein administration, as e allocate 17% of de yearly budget give dat sector. Rwandan government dey provide free education for state-run schools for twelve years—six years for primary plus six for secondary school. De last three years of dis free education come in 2012, after Kagame pledge am during ein 2010 re-election campaign. Kagame give credit to ein government for de progress wey tertiary education sector make; number of universities rise from 1 for 1994 go 29 for 2010, plus de tertiary gross enrollment ratio climb from 4% for 2008 go 7% for 2011. From 1994 reach 2009, secondary education dey in either French or English; but since 2009, as de country increase ein links plus de East African Community den de Commonwealth of Nations, English come turn de only language of instruction inside public schools from primary grade 4 going. De country ein literacy rate, wey mean people aged 15 or above wey fit read plus write, be 71% for 2009—up from 58% for 1991 plus 38% for 1978. Rwanda ein health profile dey controlled by communicable diseases, including malaria, pneumonia plus HIV/AIDS. Prevalence plus mortality rates don drop sharply for de past ten years, but de short supply or no availability of some medicines still dey make disease management hard. Kagame ein government dey try improve dis matter as part of de Vision 2020 priorities. Dem increase funding, as de health budget move from 3.2% of national expenditure for 1996 go 9.7% for 2008. Dem set up training institutes, including Kigali Health Institute (KHI), plus for 2008 dem pass law wey make health insurance compulsory for everybody; by 2010, over 90% of de people get coverage. All dis policies help increase quality of healthcare plus improve important health indicators under Kagame ein presidency. For 2010, 91 children die before dem reach age five out of every 1000 live births, down from 163 for every 1000 live births for 1990. Prevalence of some diseases dey drop, including elimination of maternal plus neonatal tetanus, plus serious reduction for malaria morbidity, mortality rate, plus specific lethality. As trained medical workers no reach, de Rwandan government launch one eight-year US$151.8 million plan for 2011 to train medical professionals. Kagame don get praise for how de country respond to de ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic. Even though de health care system no too developed, Rwanda be one of de countries wey get lowest infection plus mortality rates for de world, den people dey see am as success story. Rwanda be de only nation for Africa wey ein residents fit enter de Schengen Area for non-essential travel. But Rwanda ein response no dey free from criticism, especially for how civil liberties plus individual freedoms take suffer. By April 2022, Rwanda be one of de few countries for Africa wey don fully vaccinate over 60% of ein population against COVID-19. === Foreign policy === ==== Democratic Republic of the Congo ==== De Second Congo War, wey start for 1998, still dey go on when Kagame take over presidency for 2000. Namibia, Angola, Zimbabwe plus Chad send troops support de Congolese government side, while Rwanda, Uganda plus Burundi dey back rebel groups. De rebel group Rally for Congolese Democracy (RCD) split for 1999 into two: RCD-Goma, wey Rwanda support, plus RCD-Kisangani, wey Uganda dey support. Uganda too back Movement for de Liberation of de Congo (MLC), one rebel group from de north. All dem rebel groups dey fight against Kabila ein government for Kinshasa, but dem too dey turn against each other. Dem do plenty peace meetings, wey end for July 1999 Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement wey Kabila, Kagame plus all de other foreign governments sign. But de rebel groups no be part of de agreement, so de fighting still continue. RPA still strong inside de Congo War throughout 2000, as dem fight de Ugandan army for Kisangani, plus fight Kabila ein army for Kasai and Katanga. Insy January 2001, Kabila get assassinated inside ein palace. Ein son Joseph come take over as president, and e quick start dey show ein power by sack ein papa ein cabinet plus senior army commanders, assemble new government, plus start engage international community. De new government give fresh push to peace negotiations, and for July 2002, dem reach peace agreement between Rwanda, Congo, and de other main players. De deal talk say all foreign troops go withdraw, and RCD-Goma go join one power-sharing transitional government with Joseph Kabila as interim president till dem fit hold elections. Kagame ein government announce for end of 2002 say all Rwandan troops wey wear uniform don commot from Congolese land, but UN panel of experts talk different for 2003 report. Dem say Rwandan army get one special “Congo desk” wey dem use take do large-scale illegal take over of Congolese resources. Even after de agreement plus de ceasefire, tension still dey between Kagame plus de Congolese government. Kagame blame DRC say dem no dey control de Democratic Forces for de Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), Rwandan Hutu rebels wey dey operate for North and South Kivu provinces. Kabila too accuse Rwanda say dem dey use de Hutu matter as excuse to keep control plus influence for de area. Fighting still dey go on for Congo ein eastern provinces since 2004, and during dat period, Kagame support two big insurgencies. One be rebellion from 2005 to 2009 wey Congolese Tutsi Laurent Nkunda lead, and de other be de one from March 23 Movement (M23) wey start for 2012 under Bosco Ntaganda. One leaked United Nations report for 2012 mention say Kagame ein defence minister, James Kabarebe, dey act as de main commander of M23. Relations begin improve from 2016, as Kagame hold bilateral meeting with Kabila for Gisenyi. When Félix Tshisekedi become DRC president for 2019, Kagame—wey be AU chairman dat time—try call for AU investigation into de election, but e no work. Still, e come build close relationship with Tshisekedi after dat, as dem hold summits for Kinshasa plus Kigali. By 2020, people still dey accuse Kagame say Rwandan troops dey active inside de Kivu provinces. Congolese officials like Walikale MP Juvénal Munubo plus some civilians talk say dem see RDF soldiers inside DRC, but Kagame always deny say e send troops go der. On 20 June 2024, Kagame talk give France 24 say “we ready to fight” against de DRC if e become necessary, as e dodge questions about Rwanda ein military presence for de region. Because Rwanda support de Goma offensive wey M23 rebels do, DRC break diplomatic ties with Rwanda on 26 January 2025. After dat, Kagame claim say South Africa no fit mediate de issue, as South African peacekeepers for de region dey work with “genocidal armed groups” wey dey threaten Rwanda. ==== Uganda den de East African Community ==== Kagame spend most of ein childhood plus young adult life for Uganda, and e get personal relationship with President Yoweri Museveni from way back in de late 1970s. Dem fight together inside de Ugandan Bush War, and after de NRA win for 1986, Kagame become head of military intelligence inside Museveni ein national army. When RPF soldiers break away from de Ugandan army and invade Rwanda for 1990, Museveni no support dem openly, but according to Prunier, e likely say e know about de plan before e happen. Museveni also allow de RPF pass through Ugandan land safely to reach de Virunga mountains after dem early defeats for de war, and for 1998 heads of state meeting, e reveal say Uganda help RPF with support during de Rwandan Civil War. After RPF win, de two countries enjoy close political plus trade relationship. Rwanda and Uganda be allies during de First Congo War against Zaire, as both countries play big role for setting up de AFDL plus send troops go fight. Dem join forces again for start of de Second Congo War, but things spoil between dem around late 1998 as Museveni and Kagame get different priorities for de war. For early 1999, de RCD rebel group divide into two, and Rwanda and Uganda come support opposite sides. Then for August, de Rwandan and Ugandan armies fight each other with heavy artillery inside de Congolese city of Kisangani. Dem fight again for Kisangani for May and June 2000, wey cause 120 soldiers plus about 640 Congolese civilians demma death. Relations begin cool down slowly during de 2000s, and by 2011 de two countries come enjoy close friendship again. But fresh gbeef rise again for early 2019, as de two countries clash over trade and regional politics. Kagame accuse Museveni ein government say dem dey support de FDLR and dey harass Rwandan people inside Uganda, so Rwanda set up one truck blockade for de border. Museveni too accuse Rwanda say dem dey send troops enter ein territory, including one incident for Rukiga district wey one Ugandan citizen die. De Rwanda–Uganda border open again on 31 January 2022. Insyd 2007, Rwanda join de East African Community, wey be intergovernmental organisation for East Africa region wey include Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Burundi plus Rwanda. As part of joining, de country sign different agreements with de other members, like one defence intelligence sharing pact, customs union, plus plans to fight drug trafficking. De countries inside de Community form one common market for 2011, plus dem dey plan more integration, including steps toward political federation. De Community too set up East African Monetary Institute, wey dey target introduce single currency by 2024. ==== France ==== France keep tight relationship with President Habyarimana during de time e dey rule, as part of dem Françafrique policy. When de RPF start de Rwandan Civil War for 1990, Habyarimana quick get support from French President François Mitterrand. France send 600 paratroopers, wey take over how de government respond to de invasion, plus dem help take back almost all de areas wey RPF gain for de first few days of de war. France keep dis military presence throughout de war, and dem fight Kagame ein RPF forces again for February 1993 during one offensive wey make RPF double ein territory. For de later part of de 1994 Rwandan genocide, France launch Opération Turquoise, one mission under United Nations wey aim to create safe areas for displaced people, refugees, and civilians wey dey danger; but plenty Rwandans see am as move to protect Hutu from de RPF, even some people wey take part for de genocide. De French still no support de RPF, and dem presence slow down Kagame ein advance for southwestern Rwanda small. After de genocide end plus Opération Turquoise withdraw, France still no warm up to de new RPF government. Dem reestablish diplomatic ties for January 1995, but things still dey tense as Rwanda accuse France say dem help de genocidaires, while France defend say dem only dey intervene. For 2006, one French judge Jean-Louis Bruguière release report on President Habyarimana ein assassination, wey conclude say Kagame order de plane shooting. Bruguière then issue arrest warrants for nine close people wey dey around Kagame. Kagame deny all de accusations sharp and cut diplomatic ties with France immediately. Things start cool small for 2008, and diplomacy resume again by late 2009. For 2010, Nicolas Sarkozy become de first French president to visit Rwanda since de genocide, and e talk say France make "grave errors of judgment." Kagame respond with official visit go Paris for 2011. ==== United States, United Kingdom den de Commonwealth ==== Since de Rwandan genocide end for 1994, Rwanda don build close relationship with de English-speaking world, especially United States (US) plus United Kingdom (UK). De two countries support de RPF ein programme to stabilise and rebuild; UK dey donate plenty money each year for budget support, and US dey give military aid plus back development projects. As president, Kagame don criticize how de West no act during de genocide, and both UK and US come admit say dem fail—Bill Clinton, wey be US president during de genocide, talk say ein inaction be "personal failure." Insyd de 2000s, Clinton plus UK Prime Minister Tony Blair praise Rwanda ein progress under Kagame, and dem call am model country for international development funds—Clinton even talk say Kagame be "one of the greatest leaders of our time." Both Clinton and Blair still support de country after dem leave office—Clinton through de Clinton Global Initiative, and Blair as unpaid advisor to de Rwandan government. As part of ein plan to keep strong ties with English-speaking countries, Kagame look for Commonwealth of Nations membership, wey dem grant Rwanda for 2009. Rwanda be only de second country, after Mozambique, to join de Commonwealth even though dem no get any colonial link with de British Empire. Kagame attend de next Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting for Perth, Australia, where e address de Business Forum. Rwanda too apply successfully for rotating seat for United Nations Security Council for 2012, and e take over de presidency of de organisation for April 2013. Kagame ein relationship with de US and UK come face pressure for early 2010s, after dem allege say Rwanda dey support de M23 rebel movement for Eastern Congo. Because of dat, UK suspend ein budget support programme for 2012, and dem freeze £21 million donation. Other European countries like Germany too stop general budgetary support from 2008. But from 2013, dem start restore de payments small small, this time as sector budget support plus support for specific programmes. De US too freeze part of ein military aid programme for Rwanda for 2012, but dem no suspend all de aid. By 2020, US still support Kagame ein government strong and remain Rwanda ein biggest bilateral donor. ==== China den moves towards self-sufficiency ==== China dey invest inside Rwandan infrastructure since 1971, with some early projects like hospitals for Kibungo and Masaka. Under Kagame ein presidency, trade between de two countries grow fast. From 2005 to 2009, de trade volume increase five times, then e double again inside de next three years—by 2012 e reach US$160 million. Some projects wey dem finish include renovation of Kigali road network (funded by Chinese government loan and built by China Road and Bridge Corporation); Kigali City Tower (built by China Civil Engineering Construction); plus one pay television service operated by Star Media. Kagame dey talk boldly praise give China and how dem dey relate with Africa. For one 2009 interview, e talk say "the Chinese bring what Africa needs: investment and money for governments and companies." E compare dis with Western countries, wey e say dem dey focus too much on giving aid instead of building proper trading relationship. E also believe say Western countries dey use high tariffs block African products from entering world market. China no dey involve itself openly for domestic matters of de countries dem dey trade with, so dem no follow de West criticize Kagame over de war matter for Congo. Kagame ein main goal for international relations be to shift Rwanda from country wey dey depend on donor aid plus loans go self-sufficiency, where e go fit trade with other countries on equal level. For one 2009 article, Kagame write say "the primary purpose of aid should ultimately be to work itself out", so e for focus on making people self-reliant plus help grow de private sector. E give example say when donor countries give farmers free fertiliser, e no good because e go kill local fertiliser businesses, wey dem no go grow or fit compete. For 2012, Kagame launch de Agaciro Development Fund, based on ideas from one national dialogue session wey dem do for 2011. Agaciro be solidarity fund wey aim to raise development money from inside Rwanda itself, make e add on top of de aid dem dey get from outside. De fund dey collect contributions from Rwandan citizens inside de country and in de diaspora, plus from private companies and “friends of Rwanda.” How de fund go use de money go depend on what de people say, and e go finance projects wey go help reach de Vision 2020 programme. == Assassinations == From de time Kagame serve as vice president reach de time e become president, people link am to murders plus disappearances of political opponents, both for Rwanda and outside. For one 2014 report dem call “Repression Across Borders”, Human Rights Watch talk say since late 1990s, at least 10 cases dey involve attacks or threats against critics outside Rwanda, all because dem criticize de Rwandan government, de RPF or Kagame himself. Some examples include de killing of Sendashonga for 1998, assassination attempts on Nyamwasa for South Africa, and de murder of former intelligence boss Patrick Karegeya for South Africa on 31 December 2013. About Karegeya ein killing, Kagame talk say “whoever betrays the country will pay the price, I assure you”, show say e support am. For 2015, one former Rwandan military officer testify for U.S. Congress say de Rwandan government offer am $1 million make e kill Karegeya plus another Kagame critic, General Kayumba Nyamwasa. After ein testimony, dis officer start face threats for Belgium, same as one Canadian journalist. For December 2017, South African court find say de Rwandan government still dey plan assassinations against ein critics overseas. == Chairperson of de African Union == Kagame be Chairperson of de African Union from 28 January 2018 to 10 February 2019. As Chair, e push de Single African Air Transport Market (SAATM) plus de African Continental Free Trade Area. De proposed Continental Free Trade Area get signed on 21 March 2018 by 44 out of de 55 AU countries. By de time e leave office for February 2019, 19 out of de 22 countries wey dem need to ratify de agreement don already do am, so e fit take effect soon. Kagame too push reforms for African Union structures so dem go work better and fit sustain themselves financially. == Public image den personality == People get different views on Kagame ein leadership among international scholars plus journalists. Political scientist Alexander Dukalskis talk say Kagame dey very good at creating fine image of Rwanda abroad. Dukalskis say de Kagame regime dey suppress negative information by blocking access to academics and journalists, plus threatening and killing critics of de regime. Other people like Philip Gourevitch, wey write de 1998 book ''We Wish to Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed with Our Families'', focus on wetin Kagame do to end de genocide after de international community fail act—plus reconciliation, economic growth, foreign investment, and better public health and education. But authors like Judi Rever counter dis, as dem highlight war crimes wey de RPF commit before, during and after de 1994 genocide, assassinations of opponents and de totalitarian nature of Kagame ein rule. For ein piece ''Rethinking the Rwandan Narrative for the 25th Anniversary'', Gerald Caplan talk say we need new way of telling dis story—a narrative wey go combine both sides and “strike de proper balance between de old and de newly revised.” Insyd Rwanda, people see Kagame ein RPF as Tutsi party, and for de years after de 1994 genocide, Hutu people—wey be 85% of de population—no like dem. Around two million Hutu live as refugees for nearby countries till 1996, when Kagame force dem return home. Plenty Hutu too support de cross-border insurgency against Kagame during de late 1990s, led by de old regime forces. But by 1999, RPF weaken de insurgents, and Tutsi and Hutu begin live peaceful together for de northwest. Kayumba Nyamwasa, wey still dey inside Rwandan army dat time, talk say “the mood had changed,” as de balance of power shift and de genocidaires no get chance come back to power again. As of 2021, because speech no free for Rwanda, plus elections no really dey free or fair, nobody fit talk sure about Kagame ein real popularity. But some journalists like Jason Burke from The Guardian and Rashid Abdallah from Al Jazeera describe am as “authentically popular in Rwanda” and say e get “overwhelming public support.” On de other hand, British author Michela Wrong and Filip Reyntjens no agree; Wrong talk say de way Kagame dey attack de Rwanda National Congress and how e dey push Uganda and South Africa to expel or shut down de group show say e see dem as serious threat. Kagame ein reputation among foreign leaders dey very positive until de late 2000s. People give am credit for ending de genocide, bringing peace plus security to Rwanda, and helping de country develop. But since 2010, de international community start criticize am more, especially after one leaked United Nations report accuse Rwanda say dem dey support de M23 rebel group for Congo. For 2012, United Kingdom, Germany, Netherlands plus other countries stop demma budget support programmes to Rwanda, and plenty of dem divert de aid go project-based support instead. As dem describe Kagame ein personality, Roméo Dallaire talk say e get “studious air wey no really cover ein hawk-like intensity.” American journalist Stephen Kinzer, wey write Kagame ein biography ''A Thousand Hills: Rwanda's Rebirth and the Man Who Dreamed It'' with Kagame ein involvement, call am “one of the most intriguing leaders in Africa.” Even though Kinzer praise Kagame ein leadership skills, e still talk say Kagame get “chronic impatience, barely suppressed anger, and impulsive scorn for critics.” For one interview with ''Daily Telegraph'' ein Richard Grant, Kagame talk say e dey sleep only four hours each night, and e use de rest of de time for work, exercise, family and reading academic books and foreign newspapers. When journalist Jeffrey Gettleman ask am about ein reputation for physically beating ein subordinates, Kagame talk say, “I can be very tough, I can make mistakes like that.” Kagame dey receive plenty honours and accolades during ein time as president. These include honorary degrees and medals from different Western universities, plus de highest national awards wey Liberia and Benin give am. Since 2002, de Council for East and Central Africa Football Associations name demma football tournament de Kagame Interclub Cup, because Kagame dey sponsor de event. == Personal life == Kagame marry Jeannette Nyiramongi, one Tutsi exile wey dey live for Nairobi, Kenya, for Uganda on 10 June 1989. Kagame ask ein family make dem suggest suitable woman for marriage, and dem recommend Nyiramongi. E travel go Nairobi go introduce himself give her, and e convince am make she visit am for Uganda. Nyiramongi already sabi about de RPF plus demma aim to help refugees return go Rwanda. She respect Kagame well. Dem get four children together. Ein daughter, Ange Kagame Ndengeyingoma, finish her education abroad and she no too show for public eye during most of her childhood because of security and privacy reasons. She go Dana Hall School, one private prep school for Wellesley, Massachusetts, United States. She attend Smith College where she study political science as major and African studies as minor. She too get master’s degree for international affairs from Columbia University. Kagame dey speak three languages—English, Kinyarwanda, den French— wey he be supporter of Arsenal F.C. He be Catholic and e no dey drink alcohol at all. ==Honours== *[[Benin]]: **[[File:BEN National Order of Dahomey - Grand Cross BAR.png|60px]] Grand Cross of de National Order of Benin (2010) *[[Burkina Faso]]: ** [[File:Burkina Faso Ordre national GC ribbon.svg|60px]] Grand Cross of de Ordre de l'Étalon, formerly National Order of Burkina Faso (2019)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://en.igihe.com/news/president-kagame-honoured-in-burkina-faso.html | title=President Kagame honoured in Burkina Faso, commends Pan-African FESPACO | date=2 March 2019 }}</ref> *[[Central African Republic]]: ** [[File:CAR_Ordre_de_la_Reconnaissance_Centrafricaine_GC_ribbon.svg|60px]] Grand Cross of de Order of Reconnaissance of Central African (2019) *[[Guinea]]: **[[File:National Order of Merit - Grand Cross (Guinea).png|60px]] Grand Cross of de National Order of Merit (2016)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/Perezida-Kagame-yambitswe-umudari-uruta-indi-muri-Guinea-Conakry | title=Perezida Kagame yambitswe umudari uruta indi muri Guinea Conakry|work=Kigali Today|date=9 March 2016|access-date=4 February 2025|language=Kinyarwanda}}</ref> *[[Guinea-Bissau]]: **[[File:Medalha_Amílcar_Cabral.svg|60px]] Recipient of de Medal of Amílcar Cabral (20 June 2024)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://rpfinkotanyi.rw/amatora/en/rpf-chairman-receives-highest-honour-in-guinea-bissau | title=RPF Chairman receives highest honour in Guinea-Bissau – FPR Inkotanyi }}</ref> *[[Ivory Coast]] **[[File:Cote d'Ivoire Ordre national GC ribbon.svg|60px]] Grand Cross of de National Order of the Ivory Coast (2018)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/paulkagame/albums/72157704800679895/with/44580247540 | title=State Visit to Côte d'Ivoire &#124; Abidjan, 19–20 December 2018 }}</ref> *[[Morocco]]: **[[File:Ribbon_Wissam_al_Mohamadi_Morocco.png|60px]] Collar of de Order of Muhammad (2016)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2016/06/189603/king-mohammed-vi-holds-talks-with-pres-paul-kagame-2 | title=King Mohammed VI Holds Talks with Pres. Paul Kagame|work=Morocco World News|date=20 June 2016|access-date=4 February 2025}}</ref> *[[Liberia]]: **[[File:Order of the Pioneers of Liberia - ribbon bar.png|60px]] Grand Cordon of de Order of the Pioneers of Liberia (2009) *Serbia: **[[File:Orden Republike Srbije 1.gif|60px]] Second Class of de Order of the Republic of Serbia (2016) *[[Uganda]]: **[[File:Order of the Pearl of Africa (Uganda) - ribbon bar.gif|60px]] Most Excellent Order of the Pearl of Africa: Grand Master (2012) *La Francophonie: **[[File:Ordre_de_la_Pléiade_(Francophonie).gif|60px]] Grand Cross of de Order of La Pléiade (2022) == References == [[Category:Living people]] <references /> == Sources == * {{cite web|author=Agaciro Development Fund (I)|title=Agaciro Development 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December 2012|title=Rwanda: President Paul Kagame and Jeannette Kagame&nbsp;– the First Couple of Rwanda|work=News of Rwanda|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201212170036.html|access-date=11 March 2013|archive-date=7 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141107103852/http://allafrica.com/stories/201212170036.html|url-status=live}} * {{cite web|author=Office of the President, Republic of Rwanda (I)|date=25 October 2011|title=Personal Profile|url=http://www.presidency.gov.rw/presidents-profile|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215182604/http://www.presidency.gov.rw/presidents-profile|archive-date=15 December 2020|access-date=9 May 2013|ref=CITEREFOffice_of_the_President_(I)2011}} * {{cite web|author=Office of the President, Republic of Rwanda (II)|date=25 October 2011|title=President Kagame to address Commonwealth Business 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Horizon|url=https://southafricahorizon.com/rwandas-kagame-wins-re-election-by-landslide/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410081309/https://southafricahorizon.com/rwandas-kagame-wins-re-election-by-landslide/|archive-date=10 April 2021|access-date=27 March 2021|work=South Africa Horizon}} * {{Cite web|last=Sauuna|first=Ignatius|date=10 June 2017|title=In Rwanda, a young woman activist challenges longtime leader|url=https://apnews.com/article/3fd578a223c54962919b2f9725200a99|access-date=3 April 2021|work=AP News}} * {{Cite web|author=shadmin|date=10 August 2017|title=Rwanda's Kagame wins re-election by landslide – South Africa Horizon|url=https://southafricahorizon.com/rwandas-kagame-wins-re-election-by-landslide/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410081309/https://southafricahorizon.com/rwandas-kagame-wins-re-election-by-landslide/|archive-date=10 April 2021|access-date=27 March 2021|work=South Africa Horizon}} * {{cite web|author=State House, Republic of Uganda|title=H. 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Museveni|url=http://www.statehouse.go.ug/people/h-e-yoweri-k-museveni|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130406115437/http://www.statehouse.go.ug/people/h-e-yoweri-k-museveni|archive-date=6 April 2013|access-date=18 September 2012}} * {{cite journal |last1=Turianskyi |first1=Yarik |last2=Gruzd |first2=Steven |date=2019 |title=The 'Kagame Reforms' of the AU:: Will they stick? |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep25888 |url-status=live |journal=Occasional Paper |publisher=South African Institute of International Affairs |issue=299 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903171731/https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep25888 |archive-date=3 September 2023 |access-date=20 March 2021}} * {{cite web|author=United Nations (II)|author-link=United Nations|title=International Trusteeship System|url=https://www.un.org/en/decolonization/its.shtml|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831142854/https://www.un.org/en/decolonization/its.shtml|archive-date=31 August 2011|access-date=28 February 2012}} * {{cite web|author=United Nations (III)|author-link=United Nations|title=Trust and Non-Self-Governing Territories (1945–1999)|url=https://www.un.org/en/decolonization/nonselfgov.shtml|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006064439/http://www.un.org/en/decolonization/nonselfgov.shtml|archive-date=6 October 2017|access-date=28 February 2012}} * {{cite web|author=United Nations (IV)|author-link=United Nations|date=12 April 2001|title=Report of the Panel of Experts on the Illegal Exploitation of Natural Resources and Other Forms of Wealth of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|url=https://www.un.org/News/dh/latest/drcongo.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111134319/http://www.un.org/News/dh/latest/drcongo.htm|archive-date=11 November 2014|access-date=26 November 2012}} * {{cite web|author=United Nations (V)|author-link=United Nations|title=Paul Kagame|url=https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/advocates/members/paul-kagame.shtml|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216100958/https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/advocates/members/paul-kagame.shtml|archive-date=16 December 2020|access-date=8 February 2013|work=Secretary General's Millennium Development Goals Advocacy Group}} * {{cite book|last=Waldorf|first=Lars|title=Warlord Democrats in Africa: Ex-Military Leaders and Electoral Politics|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|year=2017|isbn=978-1-78360-249-0|editor=Anders Themnér}} * {{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-10879859|title=Rwanda government denies killings|last=Walker|first=Rob|date=5 August 2010|work=BBC News|access-date=11 November 2018|language=en-GB|archive-date=11 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181111145236/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-10879859|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Wallis|first=Andrew|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=APMavTJucM4C|title=Silent Accomplice: The Untold Story of France's Role in the Rwandan Genocide|publisher=I.B.Tauris|year=2007|isbn=978-1-84511-247-9|location=London|access-date=15 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240718190959/https://books.google.com/books?id=APMavTJucM4C|archive-date=18 July 2024|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Waugh|first=Colin|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kp1em-hedE8C|title=Paul Kagame And Rwanda: Power, Genocide and the Rwandan Patriotic Front|publisher=McFarland|year=2004|isbn=978-0-7864-1941-8|location=Jefferson, N.C.|access-date=15 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240718191006/https://books.google.com/books?id=kp1em-hedE8C|archive-date=18 July 2024|url-status=live}} * {{cite web|author=World Bank (I)|title=School enrollment, tertiary (% gross)|url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.TER.ENRR|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030063050/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.TER.ENRR|archive-date=30 October 2013|access-date=16 February 2012|work=Data}} * {{cite journal |author=World Health Organization (WHO) (II) |year=2008 |title=Sharing the burden of sickness: mutual health insurance in Rwanda |url=https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/11/08-021108/en/index.html |url-status=dead |journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |volume=86 |issue=11 |pages=817–908 |issn=0042-9686 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081113032750/http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/86/11/08-021108/en/index.html |archive-date=13 November 2008 |ref={{sfnRef|WHO (II)|2008}}}} * {{cite news|author=World Review|date=10 January 2013|title=Paul Kagame guides Rwanda out of war and poverty|url=http://www.worldreview.info/content/paul-kagame-guides-rwanda-out-war-and-poverty|access-date=4 November 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130428061823/http://www.worldreview.info/content/paul-kagame-guides-rwanda-out-war-and-poverty|archive-date=28 April 2013}} * {{Cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/rwandan-officer-who-leaked-assassination-list-evidence-becomes-a-target/article27382007/|title=Rwandan officer who leaked assassination-list evidence becomes a target|work=The Globe and the Mail|last=York|first=Geoffrey|date=19 November 2015|access-date=11 November 2018|archive-date=6 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806072716/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/rwandan-officer-who-leaked-assassination-list-evidence-becomes-a-target/article27382007/|url-status=live}} * {{Cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/ruling-by-south-african-court-exposes-details-of-latest-rwandan-assassinationplot/article37417017/|title=Details of latest Rwandan assassination plot exposed|work=The Globe and the Mail|last=York|first=Geoffrey|date=22 December 2017|access-date=11 November 2018|archive-date=1 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190101195426/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/ruling-by-south-african-court-exposes-details-of-latest-rwandan-assassinationplot/article37417017/|url-status=live}} == External links == ==External links== {{sister project links||d=Q1231345|c=Category:Paul Kagame|n=Category:Paul Kagame|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [http://www.paulkagame.com/ Official website] * [https://www.c-span.org/person/?87539 Appearances] on C-SPAN * [https://charlierose.com/videos/6465 Paul Kagame] on ''Charlie Rose'' * [[imdbname:1879094|Paul Kagame]] at IMDb * [https://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/k/paul_kagame/index.html Paul Kagame] collected news and commentary at ''The New York Times'' * [https://achievement.org/achiever/paul-kagame/ Paul Kagame Biography and Interview] on Academy of Achievement {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kagame, Paul}} [[Category:1957 births]] [[Category:Defence ministers of Rwanda]] [[Category:Rwandan people]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Non-U.S. alumni of de Command and General Staff College]] [[Category:People wey komot Ruhango District]] [[Category:People of de Rwandan genocide]] [[Category:Presidents of Rwanda]] [[Category:Rwandan Patriotic Front politicians]] [[Category:Rwandan rebels]] [[Category:Rwandan refugees]] [[Category:Rwandan Roman Catholics]] [[Category:Rwandan soldiers]] [[Category:Rwandan nationalists]] [[Category:People educated at Ntare School]] [[Category:Rwandan expatriates insyd Uganda]] [[Category:Ugandan rebels]] [[Category:Tutsi people]] [[Category:21st-century Rwandan politicians]] bb4q5jntw97rvh78yls9tiejmvse89y 0 18448 112570 108404 2026-09-25T02:57:18Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112570 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Trans-Saharan trade''' be trade wey dey happen between Sub-Saharan Africa plus North Africa wey people need cross de Sahara desert before dem fit do am. Even though dis trade start from prehistoric time, e reach peak between de 8th century go early 17th century CE.De Sahara desert no always be dry land like e dey today. For Libya plus Algeria, from at least 7000 BCE, people dey herd sheep plus goats (pastoralism), build large settlements, plus dey use pottery. Cattle enter de Central Sahara (Ahaggar) somewhere between 4000 and 3500 BCE. Dem even find some amazing rock paintings from 3500 to 2500 BCE inside dry desert regions wey show plants plus animals wey no dey present now inside modern Sahara. Dis suggest say de climate used to be different—more wet or green—before e turn dry like today.<ref name="Shillington">{{cite book|last=Shillington|first=Kevin|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofafrica00shil|title=History of Africa|publisher=St. Martin's Press|year=1995|isbn=0-333-59957-8|edition=Second|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofafrica00shil/page/32 32]|orig-year=1989|url-access=registration}}</ref> Now as desert, de Sahara be one hostile wide zone wey dey separate de Mediterranean economy from de one wey dey inside de Niger River Basin. Like Fernand Braudel talk, crossing such place—especially without motor transport—only make sense when rare conditions make de expected profit higher than de cost plus danger.<ref>{{cite book|last=Braudel|first=Fernand|url=https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/big-history-project/agriculture-civilization/first-cities-states/a/the-ghana-empire-1|title=The Ghana Empire (article)|publisher=Harper & Row|year=1984|series=Civilization and Capitalism|volume=III|language=en|access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref> Trade insyd de Sahara dey happen through camel caravans. De Maghrebi explorer Ibn Battuta, wey travel with caravan before, report say regular caravan get about 1,000 camels, but some fit reach 12,000.<ref>{{cite news|first=David|last=Rouge|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL1621182|title=Saharan salt caravans ply ancient route|work=Reuters|date=21 February 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=An African Pilgrim-King and a World-Traveler: Mansa Musa and Ibn Battuta|url=http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/2007/2/07.02.06.x.html}}</ref> De caravans get Berber guides wey dem dey pay well, because dem sabi de desert well and fit give protection against other desert nomads. To survive, de caravans need proper planning: runners dey go ahead to reach oases, make dem send water come meet de caravan days before, because de caravan no fit carry enough water for de full trip. For mid-14th century CE, Ibn Battuta cross de Sahara from Sijilmasa pass salt mines for Taghaza reach de oasis of Oualata. One guide go ahead, then dem bring water through four-day journey from Oualata meet de caravan.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325–1354|publisher=Hakluyt Society|year=1994|isbn=978-0-904180-37-4|editor1-last=Gibb|editor1-first=H.A.R.|volume=4|place=London|pages=948–49|editor2-last=Beckingham|editor2-first=C.F.}}</ref> Culture plus religion also dey exchange along de trans-Saharan trade routes. Many West African states later adopt Arabic writing plus de religion wey dey North Africa—Islam. All dis make dem states enter inside de Muslim world proper.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bovill|first=E.W.|title=Golden Trade of the Moors|url=https://archive.org/details/goldentradeofmoo0000bovi|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1958}}</ref> == Early trans-Saharan trade == Ancient trade cover de northeastern corner of de Sahara desert during de Naqadan era. Predynastic Egyptians during Naqada I period dey trade with Nubia wey dey south, de oases wey dey Western Desert to de west, plus cultures wey dey eastern Mediterranean to de east. Plenty trade routes move from oasis to oasis make traders fit get new supply of food and water. Dis oases really important. Dem also dey import obsidian from Senegal wey dem use shape blade plus other items. One land route wey pass through Wadi Hammamat from Nile go Red Sea dey known since predynastic time; dem even find drawings of Egyptian reed boats along de route wey date go as far back as 4000 BCE. Ancient towns wey date reach First Dynasty of Egypt grow along de Nile and Red Sea junctions, show say de route dey popular since time. Dis route turn major road from Thebes go Red Sea port called Elim, from there travelers fit continue enter Asia, Arabia or Horn of Africa. Records dey show say rulers like Senusret I, Seti, Ramesses IV, plus later de Roman Empire, all sabi dat route, especially for mining purposes. Darb al-Arbaʿīn trade route, wey stretch from Kharga for south go Asyut for north, start dey used from Old Kingdom time for carry gold, ivory, spices, wheat, animals plus plants for trade. Later on, Ancient Roman people come guard de route by placing forts plus small outposts along am. Some of de outposts even protect big settlements wey get farming activity. Herodotus describe de road say people dey cross am “within forty days,” wey be why e get de name Forty Days Road. De route grow turn important land trade path between Nubia and Egypt. Starting from Kobbei—40 kilometers north of al-Fashir—de route cross desert reach Bir Natrum (one oasis and salt mine), then pass through Wadi Howar before e enter Egypt. De Darb el-Arbain route be de easternmost among de central desert trade roads. De westernmost among de three central desert trade roads be Ghadames Road, wey stretch from Niger River around Gao go north reach Ghat plus Ghadames, then end for Tripoli. Next be de most easy one among de three routes—Garamantean Road, wey dem also call Bilma Trail. E get ein name from de old rulers of de region wey e pass through. Dis route dey run south of de desert near Murzuk, before e curve go north between de Alhaggar plus Tibesti Mountains, until e reach de oasis wey dey Kawar. From Kawar, caravans dey pass over de big sand dunes of Bilma—where dem dey mine plenty rock salt for trade—then reach de savanna wey dey north of Lake Chad. Dis route be de shortest, plus main trade na slaves den ivory from de south wey people exchange for salt. One researcher for early 20th century write say de Tripoli-Murzuk-Lake Chad route carry majority of de Trans-Saharan traffic wey move from Mediterranean coast within de past 2,000 years. One other Libyan trade route move from Benghazi go Kufra, then stretch reach de land wey dey inside de Wadai Empire—between Lake Chad plus Darfur. De western trade roads include de Walata Road, wey pass present-day Oualata for Mauritania, come from de Sénégal River; plus de Taghaza Trail, wey start from de Niger River, pass de salt mines for Taghaza, then go north enter de big trade town called Sijilmasa wey dey inside Morocco just north of de desert. De rise of de city Aoudaghost, wey dem found from as far back as 5th century BCE, get boost because of ein location wey dey serve as southern entry point of one trans-Saharan trade route. For east side, three ancient trade roads connect de southern areas go de Mediterranean. De herdsmen wey dey Fezzan area for Libya—wey dem dey call Garamantes—control dis routes since around 1500 BCE. From demma capital town Germa inside Wadi Ajal, de Garamantean Empire dey do raids go north reach de sea plus south into de Sahel region. By de 4th century BCE, de free city-states of Phoenicia take over de territory plus trade routes wey de Garamantes dey hold before. Shillington talk say de link wey already dey with de Mediterranean get more boost when port city Carthage begin grow. Carthage wey dem found around 800 BCE, turn one major end-point for West African goods like gold, ivory plus slaves. West Africa too dey receive salt, cloth, beads plus metal items in return. Shillington also show say dis trade connection help push West African iron smelting. De trade continue go reach Roman Empire time. Even though Classical writers mention direct travel between Mediterranean and West Africa, most of de trade really pass through middlemen wey know de dry land routes. Roman military unit Legio III Augusta later guard dis trade roads for Rome from de 1st century CE, protect de southern border of de empire for almost two and half centuries. Garamantes too join inside de trans-Saharan slave trade. Dem use slaves inside demma own communities to build plus take care of underground irrigation systems wey dem dey call foggara. Early records of trans-Saharan slave trade come from one ancient Greek historian, Herodotus, insyd 5th century BCE. He write say Garamantes dey enslave cave-dwelling Egyptians wey dey Sudan. Two records dey wey show say Romans join Garamantes go slave raiding expeditions—first one happen insyd 86 CE, plus second one happen few years later reach Lake Chad. Initially, dem dey get slaves from Toubou people, but by 1st century CE, Garamantes don begin collect slaves from places wey today be Niger plus Chad. During early Roman Empire times, de city of Lepcis set up one slave market wey dem use buy and sell slaves wey come from inside African interior. De Roman Empire put customs tax on top de slave trade business. By de 5th century CE, Roman Carthage dey trade black slaves wey people carry cross de Sahara desert. Black slaves seem to get value for Mediterranean side as house slaves, partly because of how exotic dem look. Some historians even argue say de amount of slave trade during dis Roman era fit even pass de levels wey happen during medieval times—mainly because demand for slaves inside de Roman Empire really high. == Introduction of de camel == Herodotus write say de Garamantes dey hunt Ethiopian Troglodytes from chariots; dis story link plus pictures wey show horses dey pull chariots insyd cave art wey dem draw for southern Morocco den de Fezzan. Dis give rise to one theory say de Garamantes or maybe anoda Saharan people fit create chariot routes wey dem take supply Rome den Carthage gold plus ivory. But some people argue say no horse skeleton never dey discovered from dat early time for dat area, den chariots no be better transport for trade because dem no fit carry plenty load. De earliest evidence for domesticated camels insyd de region dey from de 3rd century. Used by de Berbers, dem make more regular contact across de whole width of de Sahara possible, but regular trade routes no develop until de beginnings of de Islamic conversion of West Africa insyd de 7th den 8th centuries. Two main trade routes develop. De first one pass through de western desert from modern Morocco go de Niger bend, de second from modern Tunisia go de Lake Chad area. Dis stretches be relatively short den get de essential network of occasional oases wey establish de routing sure pass like pins insyd map. Further east of de Fezzan plus ein trade route through de valley of Kaouar go Lake Chad, Libya be impassable because e no get oases den e get fierce sandstorms. == Medieval trans-Saharan Trade == Several trade routes come establish, maybe de most important one end for Sijilmasa (Morocco) den Ifriqiya to de north. For there, plus other North African cities, Berber traders get more contact plus Islam, wey encourage conversions, den by de 8th century, Muslims start travel go Ghana. Plenty people for Ghana convert to Islam, den e likely say de Empire ein trade benefit from dat. Around 1050, Ghana lose Aoudaghost to de Almoravids, but new goldmines around Bure reduce trade through de city, instead e benefit de Malinke of de south, wey later build de Mali Empire. Unlike Ghana, Mali be Muslim kingdom from de time dem establish am, den under am, de gold–salt trade continue. Other trade goods wey no too important be slaves, kola nuts from de south den slave beads plus cowry shells from de north (for use as currency). E be under Mali wey de big cities for de Niger bend—including Gao den Djenné—prosper, plus Timbuktu especially become known across Europe for ein great wealth. Important trading centers for southern West Africa grow for de area wey dey between de forest den de savanna; examples be Begho den Bono Manso (wey dey insyd present-day Ghana) den Bondoukou (wey dey insyd present-day Côte d'Ivoire). Western trade routes still remain important, plus Ouadane, Oualata den Chinguetti be de major trade centres for where now be Mauritania, while de Tuareg towns of Assodé den later Agadez grow around one more easterly route for where now be Niger. De eastern trans-Saharan route lead to de development of de long-lived Kanem–Bornu Empire as well as de Ghana, Mali, den Songhai empires, wey center around de Lake Chad area. Dis trade route no be too efficient den e only rise to great prominence when trouble dey insyd de west, like during de Almohad conquests. === Trans-Saharan slave trade === De trans-Saharan slave trade, wey start from Antiquity, continue during de Middle Ages. De slaves wey dem carry from across de Sahara mostly serve rich families as domestic servants den concubines. Some serve inside de military forces of Egypt plus Morocco. For example, de 17th century sultan Mawlay Ismail ein self be de son of slave, den e depend on army of black slaves for support. De West African states import highly trained slave soldiers. To estimate how many enslaved people dem transport through de trans-Saharan routes hard, especially before proper record-keeping start. Historian John Wright give one estimated average of 5,000 people per year over de 1250 years of de trade (from de 7th to 20th century), wey make de total estimate fall "between 6 den 7 million". Majority of dis people dem transport after de 1500s. === Saharan triangle trade === De rise of de Ghana Empire, for where now be Mali, Senegal, den southern Mauritania, follow de increase of trans-Saharan trade. Northern economies no get enough gold but dem dey control salt mines like Taghaza insyd de Sahara sometimes, while West African countries like Wangara get plenty gold but dem need salt. Taghaza, one trading den mining outpost wey Ibn Battuta talk say de buildings dey made of salt, rise to importance insyd de salt trade under de control of de Almoravid Empire. Slaves mine de salt, den people buy am plus manufactured goods from Sijilmasa. Miners cut thin rectangular slabs of salt straight from de desert floor, den caravan merchants carry dem go south, wey dem charge transportation fee wey reach almost 80% of de salt ein value. Dem trade de salt for Timbuktu market almost weight for weight plus gold. De gold, wey dey come as bricks, bars, blank coins, den gold dust, go Sijilmasa, from there e go Mediterranean ports den dem strike am into Almoravid dinars. === Spread of Islam === De spread of Islam go sub-Saharan Africa link to trans-Saharan trade. Islam spread through trade routes, den Africans wey convert to Islam increase trade plus commerce, wey increase de trade ein population. Historians give plenty reasons why de spread of Islam help trade. Islam bring common values plus rules wey trade dey base on. E create network of believers wey trust each other, so dem fit trade even if dem no know each other personally. Dis kind trade networks dey before Islam, but dem small. De spread of Islam increase de number of points inside de network den reduce how vulnerable e be. De use of Arabic as common trade language plus de increase of literacy through Quranic schools sana help commerce. Muslim merchants wey dey do commerce gradually spread Islam along demma trade network. Social interactions plus Muslim merchants make plenty Africans convert to Islam, den plenty merchants marry local women den raise demma children as Muslims. Islam enter Western Sudan by de end of de 10th century, enter Chad by de 11th century, den reach Hausa lands insyd de 12th den 13th centuries. By 1200, plenty ruling elites for Western Africa convert to Islam, den from 1200 to 1500, Africa see significant conversion to Islam. == Decline of trans-Saharan trade den collapse of West African empires den kingdoms == De Portuguese demma move along de West African coast open new ways for trade between Europe den West Africa. By early 16th century, European trading bases—de factories wey dem set up for de coast since 1445—plus trade wey dey happen plus Europeans turn very important to West Africa. North Africa lose ein political den economic importance, while de Saharan crossing still long den dangerous. But de main heavy blow to trans-Saharan trade be de Battle of Tondibi of 1591–92. For one big military expedition wey de Saadian sultan Ahmad al-Mansur organize, Morocco send troops cross de Sahara den attack Timbuktu, Gao plus some other important trading centres, destroy buildings den property, den exile prominent citizens. Dis disruption to trade make de importance of dis cities drop sharp, den de hatred wey e cause reduce trade well-well. Even though e reduce plenty, trans-Saharan trade still continue. But trade routes go de West African coast come turn easier, especially after de French invade de Sahel for de 1890s den later build railways go de interior. Dem plan one railway line from Dakar go Algiers through de Niger bend, but dem no construct am. When countries for de region gain independence for de 1960s, de north–south routes break because of national boundaries. National governments no support Tuareg nationalism, so dem no make serious effort to maintain or support trans-Saharan trade. De Tuareg rebellion of de 1990s plus de Algerian Civil War come spoil de routes more, wey make many of dem close. Traditional caravan routes now dey mostly empty of camels, but de shorter Azalai routes from Agadez go Bilma den from Timbuktu go Taoudenni still dey used regularly—even though e light. Some Tuareg people still dey use de traditional trade routes, wey dem dey travel about 2,400 km (1,500 mi) den spend six months every year by camel across de Sahara, dey trade salt wey dem carry from de desert interior go communities wey dey de edge of de desert. == De future of trans-Saharan trade == De African Union plus African Development Bank dey support de Trans-Sahara Highway from Algiers go Lagos through Tamanrasset, to help boost economic development. De African Development Bank note say traffic increase for de border plus Chad because of exports wey dey cross Niger go Algeria. De route get pavement except for one 120 mi (200 km) section for northern Niger, but border restrictions still dey block traffic. Only small number of trucks dey carry trans-Saharan trade, mostly fuel plus salt. Dem propose three other highways to cross de Sahara; for more details check Trans-African Highways. To build de highways hard because of sandstorms. == Sanso see == * [[Trans-Saharan slave trade]] == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite book|first=Albert Adu|last=Boahen|title=Britain, the Sahara and the Western Sudan 1788–1861|url=https://archive.org/details/bwb_S0-EDC-722|location=Oxford|year=1964}} * {{cite book |first=Edward William |last=Bovill |title=The Golden Trade of the Moors |location=Princeton |publisher=Markus Wiener |year=1995 |isbn=1-55876-091-1 }} * {{cite book |first=Donald |last=Harden |title=The Phoenicians |publisher=Penguin |location=Harmondsworth |year=1971 |orig-year=1962 }} * {{cite book|editor-first=Kevin|editor-last=Shillington|chapter-url=http://www.routledge-ny.com/ref/africanhist/tuareg.html|chapter=Tuareg: Takedda and trans-Saharan trade|title=Encyclopedia of African History|publisher=Fitzroy Dearborn|year=2004|isbn=1-57958-245-1}} * {{cite book |first=B. H. |last=Warmington |title=Carthage |url=https://archive.org/details/carthageapelican0000bhwa |publisher=Penguin |location=Harmondsworth |year=1964 |orig-year=1960 }} * {{cite book |first=Pekka |last=Masonen |chapter=Trans-Saharan Trade and the West African Discovery of the Mediterranean World |editor-first=M'hammad |editor-last=Sabour |editor2-first=Knut S. |editor2-last=Vikør |title=Ethnic Encounter and Culture Change |location=Bergen |year=1997 |isbn=1-85065-311-9 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19981206194916/http://www.hf-fak.uib.no/institutter/smi/paj/Masonen.html |archive-date=1998-12-06 |chapter-url=http://www.hf-fak.uib.no/institutter/smi/paj/Masonen.html }} * {{cite book | last=Ross | first=Eric | year=2011 | chapter=A historical geography of the trans-Saharan trade | editor1-last=Krätli | editor1-first=Graziano | editor2-last=Lydon | editor2-first=Ghislaine | title=The Trans-Saharan Book Trade: Manuscript Culture, Arabic Literacy and Intellectual History in Muslim Africa | publisher=Brill | place=Leiden | isbn=978-90-04-18742-9 | pages=1–34 }} * {{cite web|url=http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/gold/hd_gold.htm|url-status=live|title=The Trans-Saharan Gold Trade 7th–14th Century|work=Museum of Modern Art|date=October 2000}} * {{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101130140835/https://web.archive.org/web/20101130140835/http://www.editionstechnip.com/F/revue_geopolitique_medias_pouvoirs_1693.asp |archive-date=November 30, 2010 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101130140835/http://www.editionstechnip.com/F/revue_geopolitique_medias_pouvoirs_1693.asp |first=Lagha |last=Chegrouche |title=Géopolitique transsaharienne de l'énergie |work=Revue Géopolitique |volume=108 |year=2010 |language=fr }} * {{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923233549/http://www.editecom.com/index2.php?refRevue=RE&numero=593 |first=Lagha |last=Chegrouche |title=Géopolitique transsaharienne de l'énergie, le jeu et l'enjeu? |work=Revue de l'énergie, Etude |year=2010 |language=fr }} {{Commons}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Trans-Saharan Trade}} [[Category:History of de Sahara]] [[Category:History of Africa]] [[Category:Economy of Africa]] [[Category:Sahara]] [[Category:Trade routes]] [[Category:Tuareg]] [[Category:Medieval economic history]] [[Category:Medieval international relations]] [[Category:Ancient international relations]] [[Category:Trans-Saharan slave trade]] efrp22npeaz6h0ekm6f83qqktb7ernn 0 18713 112440 110865 2026-09-24T23:32:33Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112440 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''African American Californians''' anaa '''Black Californians''' be people wey dey live for California wey get African roots. According to 2019 United States Census Bureau estimate, about 5.8% of people for California (that be like 2,282,144) identify only as Black or African American. Plus extra 1.2% wey say dem get part African blood, e go reach 7.0% (that be around 2.8 million people).<ref>{{Cite web |title=BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH ONE OR MORE OTHER RACES |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Black%20or%20African%20American&g=0100000US.04000.001&tid=ACSDT1Y2019.B02009&hidePreview=true |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> As of 2021, California get the highest number of mixed-race African American people for whole America. Black people be the fourth biggest ethnic group for California, after Hispanics, Whites, and Asians. Since the 1980s, Asians pass Black people for number.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Greenwood|first=Shannon|date=2021-03-25|title=The Growing Diversity of Black America|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2021/03/25/the-growing-diversity-of-black-america/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=Pew Research Center’s Social & Demographic Trends Project|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tamir |first=Christine |date=2021-03-25 |title=The Growing Diversity of Black America |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/race-and-ethnicity/2021/03/25/the-growing-diversity-of-black-america/ |access-date=2025-09-16 |website=Pew Research Center |language=en-US}}</ref> Black people dey plenty for places like Alameda, Contra Costa, San Francisco, and Solano Counties wey dey inside the San Francisco Bay Area, plus Sacramento and San Joaquin Counties. For Southern California, most of dem dey for Los Angeles, San Bernardino, and San Diego Counties.<ref>{{Cite web|title=California Black Population By County, 2018|url=https://beautifydata.com/us-black-population/california-black-population-by-county-2018/|access-date=2025-06-19|website=beautifydata.com}}</ref> California too get growing number of Afro-Caribbean and African immigrants wey come USA. Most of the African immigrants for California be from [[Nigeria]], [[Ethiopia]], and [[Eritrea]]. Plenty Ethiopians dey live for Little Ethiopia inside West Los Angeles. California be one of the states for Western USA wey get high number of black Africans. About 41,249 Afro-Asians dey live for California.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Resident Population Data - 2010 Census|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101225031104/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|archive-date=25 December 2010|access-date=22 May 2022|website=2010.census.gov}}</ref> Dem also get Blaxican people (people wey be part Black and part Mexican).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Romo |first=Rebecca |date=April 2011 |title=Between Black and Brown: Blaxican (Black-Mexican) Multiracial Identity in California |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0021934710376172 |journal=Journal of Black Studies |language=en |volume=42 |issue=3 |pages=402–426 |doi=10.1177/0021934710376172 |issn=0021-9347 |pmid=21905327 |s2cid=38217029 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> The number of Blaxicans dey increase for places like Los Angeles.<ref>{{Cite web|date=February 12, 2016|title='Blaxicans of L.A.' Instagram project comes to life as an exhibit in Highland Park|url=https://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-blaxicans-of-la-is-coming-to-life-20160211-story.html|website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> In 2000, California get 113,255 people wey be born for Africa mostly from Ethiopia, Nigeria, and [[South Africa]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Reimers|first=David|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=06HVt0Ft7GYC&dq=%22california%22+african+immigrants+ethiopia+egypt&pg=PA243|title=Other Immigrants: The Global Origins of the American People|last2=Reimers|first2=Professor David|date=2005|publisher=NYU Press|isbn=978-0-8147-7535-6|language=en}}</ref> California too get large Jamaican, Haitian, Afro-Latino, Belizean, and Caribbean population.<ref name="data.census.gov">{{Cite web|date=2018|title=Explore Census Data|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=ancestry%20california&g=0400000US06&tid=ACSDT1Y2018.B04004&t=Ancestry&vintage=2018&hidePreview=true}}</ref> You go find small groups from places like Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British and Dutch West Indies, and Trinidad.<ref name="data.census.gov" /> Southern California too get big Garifuna community.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dolan h. Eargle|first=Jr|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3SmTBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA85|title=Native California|date=January 2008|publisher=Trees Company Press|isbn=978-0-937401-11-8}}</ref> De first Black people wey come California be Afro-Latino slaves or mixed-race (mulatto) people wey Spanish people bring come during de early settlement times.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Afro-Latinos|url=https://www.nps.gov/juba/learn/historyculture/afro-latinos.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190712213925/https://www.nps.gov/juba/learn/historyculture/afro-latinos.htm|archive-date=July 12, 2019|website=NPS}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Menchaca|first=Martha|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2rdaBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT242|title=Recovering History, Constructing Race: The Indian, Black, and White Roots of Mexican Americans|date=15 January 2002|publisher=University of Texas Press|isbn=978-0-292-77848-1|via=Google Books}}</ref> During the Second Great Migration (1940s–1970s), African Americans plus Louisiana Creoles move from places like Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Texas, Alabama, Georgia, Oklahoma and South Carolina come California.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The African-American Migration Experience (AAME)|url=http://www.inmotionaame.org/print.cfm@migration=9.html|publisher=Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, The New York Public Library}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Dewitt|first=Mark F.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ls-TEAAAQBAJ&dq=african+americans+california+louisiana+creoles+great+migration&pg=PT115|title=Cajun and Zydeco Dance Music in Northern California: Modern Pleasures in a Postmodern World|date=February 17, 2010|publisher=Univ. Press of Mississippi|isbn=9781628467758}}</ref> Since 2016, the number of Black people for California dey go down. Some dey move comot the state together with some White people.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Racial/Ethnic Differences in Who's Leaving California|url=https://www.ppic.org/blog/racial-ethnic-differences-in-whos-leaving-california/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=Public Policy Institute of California|language=en-US}}</ref> Gentrification cause some Black people to lose demma homes and push dem comot from historic Black areas like Oakland, San Francisco, and Los Angeles go cheaper places like East Contra Costa, Inland Empire, and Central Valley.<ref>{{Cite web|date=June 28, 2019|title=The California Black Census & Redistricting Hub {{!}} California Calls|url=https://www.cacalls.org/ca-black-census-redistricting-hub/|access-date=2023-01-16|language=en-US}}</ref> For example, many Black people from Los Angeles move go desert areas like Palmdale and Lancaster in the 1990s. Los Angeles County and San Francisco demma Black population dey reduce fast.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2014-02-07|title=Black population in L.A. County declines as more return to South|url=http://ourweekly.com/news/2014/02/07/black-population-l-county-declines-more-return-sou/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=Our Weekly LA|language=en-US}}</ref> African Americans get the second highest poverty rate for California, after Hispanics.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Poverty in California|url=https://www.ppic.org/publication/poverty-in-california/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=Public Policy Institute of California|language=en-US}}</ref> This make many Black Californians move back to Southern states like Atlanta, Dallas, Houston, Birmingham, Memphis, San Antonio, and Jackson.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hepler|first=Lauren|date=2020-07-15|title=The hidden toll of California's Black exodus|language=en-US|work=CalMatters|url=http://calmatters.org/projects/california-black-population-exodus/|access-date=2023-01-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=August 13, 2021|title=Latinos, Blacks Show Strong Growth in San Antonio as White Population Declines|newspaper=San Antonio Express-News|url=https://www.expressnews.com/news/local/article/Latinos-Black-communities-grow-in-San-Antonio-16385595.php|last1=O'Hare|first1=By Peggy}}</ref> Places like Compton, Inglewood, and Watts wey before be mostly Black now dey mostly Latino. Mexicans and Central Americans don take over many of the areas wey Black people dey live before.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Reich|first=Steven A.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QGqEAwAAQBAJ&dq=african+american+cities+compton+inglewood+population+loss+predominately+laTino&pg=PA197|title=The Great Black Migration: A Historical Encyclopedia of the American Mosaic|date=April 17, 2014|publisher=Abc-Clio|isbn=9781610696661}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Noguera|first=Pedro A.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=08DvDwAAQBAJ&dq=areas+predominately+black+compton+watts+latino&pg=PA124|title=City Schools and the American Dream 2: The Enduring Promise of Public Education|last2=Syeed|first2=Esa|publisher=Teachers College Press|year=2020|isbn=9780807778555}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Halle|first=David|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b3xqiMUC0WwC&dq=areas+predominately+black+compton+watts+latino&pg=PA164|title=New York and Los Angeles: Politics, Society, and Culture--A Comparative View|date=August 15, 2003|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=9780226313702}}</ref> In 2019, Black people for California get higher chance to turn homeless.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cimini|first=Kate|date=2019-10-05|title=Black people disproportionately homeless in California|language=en-US|work=CalMatters|url=http://calmatters.org/california-divide/2019/10/black-people-disproportionately-homeless-in-california/|access-date=2023-01-16}}</ref> Some of the Black people for California come from Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. 3% of the Black population no be citizens, and 4% be naturalized immigrants. Most Black people dey stay for Los Angeles, the East Bay area of San Francisco, and Sacramento.<ref>{{Cite web|title=California's African American Community|url=https://www.ppic.org/blog/californias-african-american-community/}}</ref> Solano County get the highest percentage of Black people per county.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/projects/2021/most-california-county/|title=What's the most California county in California?|website=San Francisco Chronicle}}</ref> For the Bay Area, cities like Oakland, Vallejo, Antioch, Suisun City, and Richmond get the most Black people.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Racial Segregation in the San Francisco Bay Area, Part 2|url=https://belonging.berkeley.edu/racial-segregation-san-francisco-bay-area-part-2}}</ref> == History == California get ein name from one fictional Black queen, Queen Calafia, wey show for one Spanish novel from the 1500s, "Las sergas de Esplandián" by Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo.<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 6, 2024|title=Fact Check: California Was Supposedly Named After Fictional Isle of Black Women Who Kept Griffins as Pets. Here's the Story|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/fact-check-california-supposedly-named-130000451.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAACGZvhUnXH5FlgLfsL_xWUVkE6MmNAevTgL9Q88FIRsZ8qmOLIRR4MV51b0srGeVqSLzNzsYTV_-qK9OeiVyEzznLVpcKIFTiyhgT7gstB38osT3hweVQ912TLDf8Qcmdu8t2jxxfjyAPuBc9sYNJRFQ1efFUD_Eeuten9QLTNAK}}</ref> === 18th century === People wey get African roots first land for California from Mexico during the time Spanish people dey conquer the land.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Taylor |first=Quintard |author-link=Quintard Taylor |date=2000-01-01 |title=African American Men in the American West, 1528-1990 |journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science |volume=569 |pages=102–119 |doi=10.1177/000271620056900108 |jstor=1048813 |s2cid=145420060}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Fisher|first=Damany M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SqeUSQAACAAJ|title=Discovering Early California Afro-Latino Presence|date=2010|publisher=Heyday|isbn=978-1-59714-145-1|language=en}}</ref> Spanish soldiers, priests, and settlers bring both free Black people and slaves come California in the 1700s.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Encyclopedia of African American History, 1619-1895: From the Colonial Period to the Age of Frederick Douglass Three-volume Set|year=2006}}</ref> People wey build towns like San Jose, San Francisco (Yerba Buena), Monterey, San Diego, and Los Angeles mostly be mixed-race (Negro and Native American) from Sonora and Sinaloa for Mexico. Plenty mulatto (half-Black, half-Spanish) people too dey inside Alta California.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Honig|first=Sasha|title=The Presidios of Alta California|url=https://californiamissionsfoundation.org/articles/the-presidios-of-alta-california/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=California Missions Foundation}}</ref> === 19th century === Some important early California settlers and landowners get African roots.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mills|first=Michelle|date=February 4, 2016|title=Exhibit explores the African ancestry of the founders of Los Angeles|url=https://www.sgvtribune.com/arts-and-entertainment/20160204/exhibit-explores-the-african-ancestry-of-the-founders-of-los-angeles|website=San Gabriel Valley Tribune}}</ref> Pío Pico, one mixed-race Californio politician, ranch owner, and businessperson, be the last governor of Alta California before U.S. take over in 1846.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-10-10|title=The Life and Times of Pío Pico, Last Governor of Mexican California|url=https://www.kcet.org/shows/lost-la/the-life-and-times-of-pio-pico-last-governor-of-mexican-california|access-date=2023-01-16|website=KCET PBS|language=en}}</ref> Juana Briones de Miranda, another mixed-race woman wey get African roots, be one of the early businesswomen for San Francisco.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kamiya|first=Gary|date=2013-08-23|title=Juana Briones - San Francisco's founding mother|url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Juana-Briones-San-Francisco-s-founding-mother-4757183.php|access-date=2021-02-16|website=[[SFGATE]]|language=en-US}}</ref> William Leidesdorff, one Black man of mixed race, be one of the founders of San Francisco.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Schneider|first=Benjamin|date=December 8, 2021|title=The incredible story of William Leidesdorff, San Francisco's Black founding father|url=https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/the-city/the-incredible-story-of-william-leidesdorff-san-francisco-s-black-founding-father/article_10a7cbbd-b999-5e69-af0c-73bbd8777266.html|access-date=2023-01-16|website=[[San Francisco Examiner]]|language=en}}</ref> After gold discover for California on January 24, 1848, many African Americans come the state during the Gold Rush wey dem dey find freedom and wealth.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Stanley|first=Jerry|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LGnGQgAACAAJ|title=Hurry Freedom: African Americans in Gold Rush California|date=2000|publisher=Crown Publishers|isbn=978-0-517-80096-6|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=February 9, 2022|title=African Americans in the California Gold Rush (1848-1860) •|url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/events-african-american-history/african-americans-in-the-california-gold-rush-1848-1860/|website=BlackPast}}</ref> White people from southern U.S. bring Black slaves come dig for gold from 1849, mostly from Texas, Mississippi, Missouri, and Arkansas. <ref>{{Cite web|title=African Americans in the Gold Rush|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/goldrush-stephen-hill/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=American Experience, PBS|language=en}}</ref> One gold mine called Sweet Vengeance for Browns Valley be found by Black miners.<ref>{{Cite book|last=DeWitt|first=Howard A.|url=https://archive.org/details/fragmenteddream00howa/page/84/mode/2up|title=The Fragmented Dream: Multicultural California|publisher=Kendall/Hunt Publishing|year=1999|isbn=0-7872-6287-0|location=Dubuque, Iowa|pages=78–79, 84}}</ref> Moses Rodgers be one of the top miners for California.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Beasley|first=Delilah L.|url=https://archive.org/details/negrotrailblazer0000beas_o5c3/page/104/mode/2up|title=The Negro Trail Blazers of California|publisher=G. K. Hall|year=1919|isbn=9780783814261|edition=1997|location=New York|pages=104}}</ref> Some of the oldest Black churches for California include the Saint Andrews African Methodist Episcopal Church, Sacramento, wey dem found in 1850, before dem know am as Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church. the Third Baptist Church, San Francisco (1852), Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church (Bethel AME Church) ,San Francisco (1852), African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church (AME Zion Church), San Francisco (1852),<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Montesano |first=Philip M. |date=1973-07-01 |title=San Francisco Black Churches in the Early 1860's: Political Pressure Group |url=https://online.ucpress.edu/ch/article/52/2/145/30958/San-Francisco-Black-Churches-in-the-Early-1860-s |journal=California Historical Quarterly |language=en |volume=52 |issue=2 |pages=145–152 |doi=10.2307/25157430 |issn=0097-6059 |jstor=25157430 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> and First African Methodist Episcopal Church of Los Angeles (1872).<ref>{{Cite web|title=St. Andrews AME Church (Sacramento), is Founded|url=https://aaregistry.org/story/st-andrews-ame-church-of-sacramento-founded/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=African American Registry (AAREG)|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Stanford|first=Karin L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1c-9yAKqIcYC|title=African Americans in Los Angeles|date=2010|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|isbn=978-0-7385-8094-4|pages=25|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-11-16|title=SF's oldest African-American church designated as landmark|url=https://www.sfgate.com/news/bayarea/article/City-s-Oldest-African-American-Church-Designated-12361320.php|access-date=2023-01-16|website=[[SFGATE]]|language=en-US}}</ref> In the 1870s, Rev. Peter William Cassey help form two Black Episcopalian churches for San Francisco, like Christ Mission Church and early version of St. Cyprian’s Church.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Smith|first=Jessie Carney|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=93SDBwAAQBAJ|title=Black Firsts: 4,000 Ground-Breaking and Pioneering Historical Events|date=2012-12-01|publisher=Visible Ink Press|isbn=978-1-57859-424-5|pages=578|language=en}}</ref> From 1855 to 1902, early African Americans organize State Convention of Colored Citizens. Dem elect delegates from different counties to talk about slavery, education, and voting rights.<ref name="Herron">{{Cite journal |last=Herron |first=Paul E. |date=April 2022 |title="This Crisis of Our History": The Colored Conventions Movement and the Temporal Construction of Southern Politics |journal=Studies in American Political Development |language=en |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=21–40 |doi=10.1017/S0898588X21000122 |issn=0898-588X |s2cid=246985506 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Lapp|first=Rudolph M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GALEv2uoSJkC|title=Blacks in Gold Rush California|date=1977-01-01|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-06545-9|pages=160|language=en}}</ref> Archy Lee be one enslaved Black man wey become part of important court cases for civil rights by 1858.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Moore|first=Shirley Ann Wilson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g8wjDQAAQBAJ|title=Sweet Freedom's Plains: African Americans on the Overland Trails, 1841–1869|date=2016-10-20|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|isbn=978-0-8061-5685-9|pages=7, 200–201|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Wee|first=Eliza|date=2018-06-28|title=Archy Lee - Gold Chains: The Hidden History of Slavery in California|url=https://www.aclunc.org/sites/goldchains/explore/archy-lee.html|access-date=2023-01-16|website=ACLU of Northern CA|language=EN}}</ref> Edward Duplex be first Black mayor for California, elected for Wheatland in 1888.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2008-11-26|title=Edward Park Duplex (1831–1900)|url=https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/edward-park-duplex-1831-1900/|access-date=2023-01-29|website=BlackPast|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gardner|first=Eric|date=May 31, 2013|title=Duplex, Edward P.|url=https://doi.org/10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.36744|url-access=subscription|access-date=July 30, 2022|website=Oxford African American Studies Center|doi=10.1093/acref/9780195301731.013.36744|isbn=978-0-19-530173-1}}</ref> Insyd 1850, the census count 962 Black people. By 1860, dem be 4,086<ref>Bradford, Eric.</ref> By 1910, de number rise to 22,000.<ref name="Moore-1996"/> === 20th century === Insyd de 1920s, one place called Terrific Street for San Francisco be where Black culture shine for clubs called Black and Tan (where all races dey mix)..<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bern|first=Medea Isphording|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zft0BgAAQBAJ|title=San Francisco Jazz|date=2015-01-05|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|isbn=978-1-4396-4928-2|pages=9|language=en}}</ref> During Second Great Migration (1940–1970), African Americans move from the South to California for better jobs and to escape [[Jim Crow laws]] <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tolnay |first=Stewart E. |date=August 2003 |title=The African American "Great Migration" and Beyond |url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.soc.29.010202.100009 |journal=Annual Review of Sociology |language=en |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=209–232 |doi=10.1146/annurev.soc.29.010202.100009 |issn=0360-0572 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Many work for defense and shipyard industries.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Second Great Migration|url=https://media.nationalgeographic.org/assets/file/african_american_MIG.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Norris|first=Keenan|date=27 March 2019|title=African American StudiesAfrican Americans in Los Angeles|url=https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780190280024/obo-9780190280024-0069.xml|access-date=2020-03-19|website=Oxford Bibliographies|language=en|doi=10.1093/OBO/9780190280024-0069}}</ref> Some Louisiana Creoles also join.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jolivétte|first=Andrew|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S9fS-2bO3jYC&dq=louisiana+creoles+in+california+second+migration&pg=PA85|title=Louisiana Creoles: Cultural Recovery and Mixed-Race Native American Identity|publisher=Lexington Books|year=2007|isbn=9780739118962}}</ref> Before World War II, African Americans be less than 1% of California population.<ref name="Moore-1996"/> By 1910, only 21,645 Black residents dey compared to 2 million White people<ref name="Campbell-2012">{{Cite journal |last=Campbell |first=Marne L. |date=2012-01-01 |title=African American Women, Wealth Accumulation, and Social Welfare Activism in 19Th-Century Los Angeles |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-african-american-history_fall-2012_97_4/page/376 |journal=The Journal of African American History |volume=97 |issue=4 |pages=376–400 |doi=10.5323/jafriamerhist.97.4.0376 |jstor=10.5323/jafriamerhist.97.4.0376 |s2cid=149013832}}</ref> . But after World War II, Black population grow fast.<ref name="Moore-1996" /> Insyd de late 1940s–1960s, Black musicians for San Francisco and Los Angeles start West Coast jazz.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Salerni |first=Paul |date=1995 |title=Review of West Coast Jazz |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/29776316 |journal=Italian Americana |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=232–234 |issn=0096-8846 |jstor=29776316}}</ref> Insyd 1968, Yusuf Bey start Your Black Muslim Bakery for Santa Barbara, but later e move to Oakland in 1971.<ref>{{Cite web|last=DelVecchio|first=Rick|date=2003-10-02|title=Black Muslim leader Bey dies; battled cancer / Remembered for opening doors to down-and-out|url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Black-Muslim-leader-Bey-dies-battled-cancer-2584698.php|access-date=2023-01-16|website=[[SFGATE]]|language=en-US}}</ref> The bakery be symbol of Black economic power but later collapse due to crimes like abuse and murder. Dem close am in 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lee|first=Henry K.|date=2007-12-15|title=Life sentence for Oakland man who killed Black Muslim Bakery head|url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Life-sentence-for-Oakland-man-who-killed-Black-3299497.php|access-date=2023-01-16|website=[[SFGATE]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lee|first=Henry K.|date=2011-03-21|title=Prosecutor: Evidence links bakery, Bailey killing|url=https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Prosecutor-Evidence-links-bakery-Bailey-killing-2388545.php|access-date=2023-01-16|website=[[SFGATE]]|language=en-US}}</ref> For 1991, Rodney King, one African American man, suffer police brutality when three police officers from the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) beat am during ein arrest.<ref>{{cite news|last=|first=|date=1991-03-18|title=Seven Minutes In Los Angeles - A special report.; Videotaped Beating by Officers Puts Full Glare on Brutality Issue|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/18/us/seven-minutes-los-angeles-special-report-videotaped-beating-officers-puts-full.html|access-date=2023-01-16|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Margolick|first=David|date=1991-03-17|title=Beating Case Unfolds, as Does Debate on Lawyer|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/17/us/beating-case-unfolds-as-does-debate-on-lawyer.html|access-date=2023-01-16|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=March 3, 2016|title=March 3, 1991: Rodney King beating caught on video|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/march-3rd-1991-rodney-king-lapd-beating-caught-on-video/|access-date=2023-01-16|website=CBS News|language=en-US}}</ref> Dem catch the beating on video. After court free the police officers, the thing lead to the 1992 Los Angeles riots.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mydans|first=Seth|date=April 30, 1992|title=THE POLICE VERDICT; Los Angeles Policemen Acquitted in Taped Beating|url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/98/02/08/home/rodney-verdict.html|access-date=2023-01-16|website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> After the riots, about 50 people die, around 2,000 people injure, and 8,000 people dem arrest.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lewis|first=Femi|date=December 16, 2020|title=39 Events that Occurred in the 1990s|url=https://www.thoughtco.com/african-american-history-timeline-1990-1999-45447|access-date=2023-01-16|website=ThoughtCo|language=en}}</ref> Affirmative action be set of laws, policies, guidelines, plus administrative ways wey dem put down to stop and fix di bad things wey come from one kind discrimination.<ref name="Feinberg 2005">{{Cite journal |last=Feinberg |first=Walter |date=September 15, 2005 |editor-last=Lafollette |editor-first=Hugh |title=Affirmative Action |journal=The Oxford Handbook of Practical Ethics |volume=1 |doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199284238.003.0012}}</ref> Inside November 1996, California cancel Affirmative Action with Proposition 209.<ref>{{cite news|last=Carey|first=Kevin|date=2020-08-21|title=A Detailed Look at the Downside of California's Ban on Affirmative Action|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/21/upshot/00up-affirmative-action-california-study.html|access-date=2023-01-16|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> === 21st century === Insyd 2000, California get 113,255 African immigrants, with 29,930 wey live for Bay Area. Most of dem come from Ethiopia, Nigeria, Egypt, and South Africa. About 45,000 Ethiopians and 6,000 Eritreans dey Los Angeles.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Reimers|first=David|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=06HVt0Ft7GYC&pg=PA243|title=Other Immigrants: The Global Origins of the American People|date=September 27, 2023|publisher=NYU Press|isbn=9780814775356}}</ref> Egyptians and South Africans too dey settle for California.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Konadu-Agyemang|first=Kwadwo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qEZDrZls-AAC&pg=PA60|title=The New African Diaspora in North America: Trends, Community Building, and Adaptation|last2=Takyi|first2=Baffour K.|last3=Arthur|first3=John A.|date=September 27, 2023|publisher=Lexington Books|isbn=9780739111512}}</ref> Insyd de 2010s, more Black people start move comot California go places like Texas and Atlanta<ref>{{cite news|title=Politics {{!}} News from The Advocate|url=https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/news/politics/|access-date=2020-11-05|work=The Advocate|language=en}}</ref> In 2018, Black neighborhoods still dey for places like Compton, South LA, Inglewood, Stockton,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://antiochherald.com/2019/02/05ah01acc/|title=Antioch Council hires first African American as City Attorney|last=Payton|first=Allen|date=February 5, 2019|work=The Antioch Herald|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-19}}</ref> Oakland, and Vallejo.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-12-09|title=These Are The 10 California Cities With The Largest Black Population For 2019|url=https://www.roadsnacks.net/most-african-american-cities-in-california/|access-date=2019-05-13|website=RoadSnacks|language=en-US}}</ref> Oakland get about 25% Black people as of 2020. Plenty Black people wey settle for Oakland work for railroad back in mid 1900s.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Tramble|first=Thomas and Wilma|title=The Pullman Porters and West Oakland|url=https://archive.org/details/pullmanporterswe0000tram|publisher=Arcadia Pub.|year=2007|location=Charleston, SC}}</ref> Insyd 2020, anti-Black hate crimes rise for California.<ref>{{cite news|agency=AP|title=Anti-Black, gay, Asian bias fuel California hate crime surge|url=https://omaha.com/lifestyles/health-med-fit/anti-black-gay-asian-bias-fuel-california-hate-crime-surge/article_721618a0-839c-5b36-a52e-202749b50c5b.html|access-date=2022-07-03|work=Omaha World-Herald|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|agency=AP|title=Anti-Black and Asian bias fuel California hate crime surge|url=https://www.durangoherald.com/articles/anti-black-and-asian-bias-fuel-california-hate-crime-surge/|access-date=2022-07-03|work=Durango Herald|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=2021-06-30|title=California hate crime up 31% in 2020, led by anti-Black bias|url=https://apnews.com/article/california-hate-crimes-race-and-ethnicity-health-coronavirus-pandemic-a11dd9bca4c5ab589f0e41bff137fb97|access-date=2022-07-03|work=AP NEWS|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/anti-black-and-asian-bias-fuel-california-hate-crime-surge/2022/06/28/49600a64-f707-11ec-81db-ac07a394a86b_story.html|title=Anti-Black, gay, Asian bias fuel California hate crime surge|date=2022-06-28|agency=Associated Press|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|place=Washington, D.C.|issn=0190-8286|oclc=1330888409}}</ref> From 2020 to 2022, [[COVID-19]] kill more African Americans for the state, partly because dem get the lowest vaccination rates.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hwang|first=Kristen|date=2022-02-25|title=COVID-19 has turned deadlier for Black Californians, who have the state's lowest vaccination rate|language=en-US|work=CalMatters|url=http://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2022/02/covid-black-california-deaths/|access-date=2022-07-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=2020-04-16|title=African-American COVID-19 deaths 'disproportionately' high in California|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/04/16/coronavirus-african-american-covid-19-deaths-disproportionately-high-in-california|access-date=2022-07-03|website=The Mercury News|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-16|title=African-American COVID-19 deaths 'disproportionately' high in California|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2020/04/16/coronavirus-african-american-covid-19-deaths-disproportionately-high-in-california|access-date=2022-07-03|website=The Mercury News|language=en-US}}</ref> == Media == Dem believe say the first African American newspaper for California be Mirror of the Times, wey dem publish around di mid-1850s.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Snorgrass |first=J. William |date=1981 |title=The Black Press in the San Francisco Bay Area, 1856-1900 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25158067 |journal=California History |volume=60 |issue=4 |pages=306–317 |issn=0162-2897 |jstor=25158067}}</ref> Other early Black newspapers for Northern California include Pacific Appea'''l''' and The Elevato'''r''';<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-18|title='Since Before the Beginning': The Black Pioneers of the South Bay|url=https://www.kqed.org/news/11860455/since-before-the-beginning-the-black-pioneers-of-the-south-bay|access-date=2023-08-09|website=KQED|language=en-us}}</ref> for Southern California, e include California Eagle, California Voice, and Los Angeles Sentinel.'''<ref name="Moore-1996">{{Cite journal |last=Moore |first=Shirley Ann Wilson |date=1996-01-01 |title=African Americans in California: A Brief Historiography |journal=California History |volume=75 |issue=3 |pages=194–197 |doi=10.2307/25177592 |jstor=25177592}}</ref>''' Dem first mention African American people wey dey live for California in 1919 by one Black historian from California, Delilah Beasley. Later on, people like Rudolph Lapp and others also write about dem.<ref name="Moore-1996"/> More info show for journals like The Journal of Negro History and ''The'' Journal of African American History''.(3)''<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Franklin |first=V. P. |date=2006-01-01 |title=Introduction: The African American Experience in the Western States |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-african-american-history_winter-2006_91_1/page/1 |journal=The Journal of African American History |volume=91 |issue=1 |pages=1–3 |doi=10.1086/JAAHv91n1p1 |jstor=20064043 |s2cid=149288451}}</ref> De biggest film festival wey dey focus on Black filmmaking be Pan African Film Festival, wey dem start for 1992.<ref>{{cite news|last=King|first=Susan|date=February 6, 2013|title=The world comes calling at the Pan African Film & Arts Festival|work=[[The Los Angeles Times]]|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-xpm-2013-feb-06-la-et-cm-pan-african-20130207-story.html}}</ref> Other important film festivals wey dey support Black filmmakers demma career include San Diego Black Film Festival and Hollywood Black Film Festival.<ref>{{cite news|author=Beth Accomando|author-link=Beth Accomando|date=April 27, 2017|title=San Diego Black Film Festival Celebrates 15th Year|publisher=[[KPBS Public Media|KPBS]]|url=http://www.kpbs.org/news/2017/apr/27/san-diego-black-film-festival-celebrates-15th-year/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Beth Wood|date=April 20, 2017|title=San Diego Black Film Festival has new venues|newspaper=[[San Diego Union-Tribune]]|url=http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/entertainment/movies/sd-et-black-film-fest-20170420-story.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|date=2022-07-21|title=Tanya Kersey, founder of the Hollywood Black Film Festival, dies at 61|url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/story/2022-07-20/tanya-kersey-dead-obituary-hollywood-black-film-festival|access-date=2023-01-16|website=[[Los Angeles Times]]|language=en-US}}</ref> == Education == Elizabeth Thorn Scott Flood be one of the early African American teachers for Sacramento, wey she start teach from 1854. Later on, she move go teach for Oakland too.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Wagner|first=Tricia Martineau|url=http://archive.org/details/isbn_9780762739004|title=African American Women of the Old West|date=2007|publisher=TwoDot, an imprint of The Globe Pequot Press|isbn=978-0-7627-3900-4|location=Guilford, Conn.|via=Internet Archive}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Elizabeth Thorn Scott Flood, Educator born|url=https://aaregistry.org/story/elizabeth-thorn-scott-flood-educator-born/|access-date=2023-01-29|website=African American Registry (AAREG)|language=en}}</ref> For May 1854, dem open one private school for Black people called San Francisco Colored School inside the basement of St. Cyprian AME Church wey dey Jackson and Virginia Streets for San Francisco. John Jamison Moore na the person wey start the school, he be the first teacher plus principal and Rev. Thomas Marcus Decatur Ward help lead the school too.<ref name="Adkins-2012">{{Cite book|last=Adkins|first=Jan Batiste|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/African_Americans_of_San_Francisco/uJAsfkUUqOoC|title=African Americans of San Francisco|date=2012|publisher=[[Arcadia Publishing]]|isbn=978-0-7385-7619-0|pages=12|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Taylor-2016">{{Cite book|last=Taylor|first=Martha C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TsHPDAAAQBAJ|title=From Labor to Reward: Black Church Beginnings in San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley, and Richmond, 1849-1972|date=2016-06-24|publisher=Wipf and Stock Publishers|isbn=978-1-4982-3281-4|pages=5–6, 11–12|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Willard|first=Ruth Hendricks|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Sacred_Places_of_San_Francisco/291OAAAAMAAJ|title=Sacred Places of San Francisco|last2=Wilson|first2=Carol Green|last3=Baird|first3=Joseph Armstrong|date=1985|publisher=Presidio Press|isbn=978-0-89141-192-5|pages=78|language=en}}</ref> De Phoenixonian Institute for San Jose be the first high school for African American students for the state. Dem open am in 1861 as private boarding school, but e close around the mid-1870s when public schools for the state no longer dey separate Black and White students.<ref name="FiveViews">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dJt5AAAAMAAJ|title=Five Views|date=1988|publisher=[[State of California]], Department of Parks and Recreation, Office of Historic Preservation|page=78|language=en}}</ref> The money and support for the Phoenixonian Institute first come from the California State Convention of Colored Citizens plus the African American community wey dey live for the West Coast.<ref name="FiveViews" /> For 1874, the California Supreme Court talk say schools fit be "separate but equal" inside one case dem call ''Ward v. Flood''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ficker |first=Douglas J. |date=Autumn 1999 |title=From Roberts to Plessy: Educational Segregation and the "Separate but Equal" Doctrine |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2649034 |journal=The Journal of Negro History |volume=84 |issue=4 |pages=301–314 |doi=10.2307/2649034 |jstor=2649034 |s2cid=156545977 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> The number of African American students for primary school level grow from 24 students in 1870 to 183 students by the end of the 1800s. By 1900, Black students be some of the best performing students for reading and writing subjects.<ref name="Campbell-2012"/> De first university Black studies department for de United States start for San Francisco State University after de ''Third World Liberation Front'' strikes wey happen for 1968.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rooks|first=Nowlie|date=February 10, 2006|title=The Beginnings of Black Studies|url=https://www.chronicle.com/article/the-beginnings-of-black-studies/|access-date=2021-03-02|website=The Chronicle of Higher Education|publisher=}}</ref> For 1994, African American students for California make up about 7% of the people wey dey go higher education, compared to 9% for the whole United States.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=1994-01-01 |title=Serious Erosion of African-American Enrollment in California Higher Education |journal=The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education |issue=3 |pages=11 |doi=10.2307/2963084 |jstor=2963084}}</ref> == Health == Black people for California get the highest death rates from breast, cervical, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Health Disparities by Race and Ethnicity in California: Pattern of Inequity|url=https://www.chcf.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/DisparitiesAlmanacRaceEthnicity2021.pdf|website=www.chcf.org}}</ref> For 2022, Black people for California die more from COVID-19 pass other ethnic groups, and dem also get the lowest COVID-19 vaccination rates<ref>{{cite news|url=https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2022/02/covid-black-california-deaths/|title=COVID-19 has turned deadlier for Black Californians, who have the state's lowest vaccination rate|newspaper=Calmatters|date=February 25, 2022|last1=Hwang|first1=Kristen}}</ref> Black Californians too dey more likely to get obesity.<ref>{{cite press release|date=September 28, 2006|title=In California… Who's Obese, Who's Not, And Why|url=https://www.ppic.org/press-release/in-california-whos-obese-whos-not-and-why/|publisher=Public Policy Institute of California}}</ref> Homicide rates for African Americans in California also high pass other groups.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kim|first=Mina|date=2012-01-26|title=Homicide Rate Among Calif. African-Americans Significantly Higher Than National Average|url=https://www.kqed.org/news/54551/calif-african-americans-disproportionately-effected-by-homicides|access-date=2023-12-27|website=KQED|language=en-us}}</ref> Black people for California dey more likely to face depression, psychological distress, and other mental health problems.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Cummings|first=Linda|date=August 3, 2023|title=Listening to Black Californians with Mental Health Conditions|url=https://www.chcf.org/publication/listening-black-californians-mental-health-conditions/#related-links-and-downloads|access-date=2025-01-06|website=California Health Care Foundation|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pederson |first=A. B. |date=2023 |title=Management of Depression in Black People: Effects of Cultural Issues |journal=Psychiatric Annals |volume=53 |issue=3 |pages=122–125 |doi=10.3928/00485713-20230215-01 |pmc=10312036 |pmid=37396678}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=CBHN Perspectives: The State of Black Mental Health in California|url=https://www.cablackhealthnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/CBHN-Perspectives-Black-Mental-Health.pdf|website=www.cablackhealthnetwork.org}}</ref> De suicide rate for Black Californians high pass the one for White Californians.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sánchez-Tello|first=George B.|date=2023-03-03|title=California's Black youth mental health crisis|url=https://imprintnews.org/top-stories/californias-balck-youth-mental-health-crisis/238925#:~:text=Suicide%20rates%20among%20Black%20youth,white,%20Hispanic%20and%20Asian%20peers|access-date=2025-01-06|website=The Imprint|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Roberts|first=Nigel|date=January 26, 2023|title=Study: Black Youth In California See Double The Statewide Suicide Rate|url=https://www.bet.com/article/o6dhzp/black-youth-suicide-rate-california-trending-high|access-date=2025-01-06|website=BET|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lund |first=J. J. |last2=Tomsich |first2=E. |last3=Schleimer |first3=J. P. |last4=Pear |first4=V. A. |date=2023 |title=Changes in suicide in California from 2017 to 2021: A population-based study |journal=Injury Epidemiology |volume=10 |page=19 |doi=10.1186/s40621-023-00429-6 |pmc=10041498 |pmid=36973826 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == Reparations == California be the first state wey start to consider reparations for Black people. Dem form one group called the California Reparations Task Force to prepare recommendations give the state legislature.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Fry|first1=Wendy|last2=Yee|first2=Erica|last3=Jetha|first3=Rya|date=2023-06-29|title=California is the first state to tackle reparations for Black residents. What that really means|language=en-US|work=CalMatters|url=http://calmatters.org/explainers/reparations-california/|access-date=2023-11-15}}</ref> Economists tell the state say Black Californians fit dey owe around $800 billion in reparations. This $800 billion be more than 2.5 times the whole yearly budget of California, wey be $300 billion. Inside the estimate, $246 billion go be compensation give Black Californians wey live for areas wey police dey harass dem and arrest dem too much during the "war on drugs" from 1970 to 2020. That one alone fit be like $125,000 for each person wey qualify. Economists also talk say $569 billion fit go for people wey suffer from redlining, that be when dem deny Black people housing loans just because of dem skin color. That compensation go reach about $223,000 per person wey live for California between 1933 den 1977 den qualify.<ref>{{cite news|title=Black Californians may be owed $800bn in reparations, economists tell state|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/mar/29/california-reparations-cost-state-panel|agency=The Guardian|date=30 Mar 2023}}</ref> According to one 2023 poll wey UC Berkeley do, most California voters no support cash reparations as compensation give people wey be descendants of enslaved African Americans wey dey live for the state.<ref>{{cite news|last=Florido|first=Adrian|date=September 11, 2023|title=Most California voters oppose cash reparations for slavery, poll finds|work=[[NPR]]|url=https://www.npr.org/2023/09/11/1198805444/most-california-voters-oppose-cash-reparations-for-slavery-poll-finds}}</ref> == Politics == For 2016, 82% of African American voters for California register as Democrats.<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 2016|title=Just the Facts: Race and Voting in California|url=https://www.publicceo.com/2016/09/just-the-facts-race-and-voting-in-california/}}</ref> Kamala Harris be the first African American woman wey become Vice President of the U.S., and she born plus grow for California. Exit polls show say for 2024, 86% of African Americans for California vote for Kamala Harris.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2024|title=Election 2024: Exit polls|url=https://www.cnn.com/election/2024/exit-polls/national-results/general/president/0|access-date=|website=CNN Politics|language=en}}</ref> For 2020, 82% vote for Joe Biden,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/interactive/2020/exit-polls/california-exit-polls/|title=Exit poll results and analysis for the 2020 presidential election|date=2020-11-07|orig-date=2020-11-02|author1=Brittany Mayes, Leslie Shapiro, Chris Alcantara, Scott Clement, Emily Guskin|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|place=Washington, D.C.|issn=0190-8286|oclc=1330888409}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=California 2020 President exit polls|url=https://edition.cnn.com/election/2020/exit-polls/president/california|website=[[CNN]]}}</ref> den for 2016, 88% vote for Hillary Clinton.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 28, 2016|title=California Results 2016|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/ca/|website=[[NBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Miller|first=Kenneth P.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cobxDwAAQBAJ&dq=california+2016+black+vote+hillary+clinton&pg=PA49|title=Texas Vs. California: A History of Their Struggle for the Future of America|date=August 2020|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-007736-5}}</ref> == Discrimination == For 2021, de total number of hate crime cases reported be the sixth-highest ever recorded, and the highest since after the September 11, 2001 attacks.<ref name="Harvey‌-2022">{{Cite web|last=Harvey‌|first=Antonio‌ ‌Ray‌ ‌|date=July 14, 2022|title=Incidents of Hate Crimes Against Blacks Highest in California|url=https://lasentinel.net/incidents-of-hate-crimes-against-blacks-highest-in-california%E2%80%AF.html|website=Los Angeles Sentinel}}</ref> One study by the California Department of Justice (DOJ) show say anti-Black hate crimes increase by 27% from 2021 to 2022. Hate crimes in general also go up by 20% for the whole state.<ref name="Harvey‌-2022" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Flores|first=Hilda|date=2023-06-28|title=Hate crime reports in CA increased 20% from 2021 to 2022, report shows. Here's a closer look|url=https://www.kcra.com/article/hate-crimes-california-increased-2021-2022-attorney-general-report/44361606|access-date=2023-07-21|website=KCRA|language=en|quote=Hate crime reports in California increased about 20%; anti-Black hate crimes remain the most prevalent, with an increase of 27.1%}}</ref> Black people get higher arrest rates pass White people for all 58 counties wey dey California..<ref>{{Cite web|title=Racial Disparities in California Arrests|url=https://www.ppic.org/publication/racial-disparities-in-california-arrests/}}</ref> African Americans too dey often suffer racial profiling for the state.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Californians Fear Being a Victim of Crime, and Some Have Been Victims of Racial Profiling|url=https://www.ppic.org/blog/californians-fear-being-a-victim-of-crime-and-some-have-been-victims-of-racial-profiling/}}</ref> California be the first state wey ban discrimination based on natural Black hair and hairstyles. Governor Gavin Newsom sign the bill into law.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/28/us/natural-hair-discrimination-ban.html|title=California Is First State to Ban Discrimination Based on Natural Hair|work=The New York Times|date=June 28, 2019|last1=Stack|first1=Liam}}</ref>. == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?params=/context/caps_thes_all/article/1466/&path_info=The_Movement_and_Culture_of_African_Americans_in_California.pdf The Movement and Culture of African Americans in California] * [https://guides.lib.berkeley.edu/c.php?g=903071&p=6500032 African Americans in California - Bancroft Library] * [https://mklopez.humspace.ucla.edu/seeing-the-past/african-american-history-in-mexican-california/ African American History in Mexican California] * [https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna11467974 Black-Latino tensions on rise in California] * [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/02/20/us/hispanics-californias-next-majority.html?_r=0 Hispanics: California's Next Majority], ''The New York Times'' * {{Cite web|date=10 November 2015|title=Afro-Latinos|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211031044903/https://www.nps.gov/juba/learn/historyculture/afro-latinos.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190712213925/https://web.archive.org/web/20211031044903/https://www.nps.gov/juba/learn/historyculture/afro-latinos.htm|archive-date=July 12, 2019|access-date=9 December 2023|website=Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail (U.S. National Park Service)}} * {{Cite web|last=Waite|first=Kevin|date=8 June 2023|title=The little-known story of how slavery infiltrated California and the American west|url=https://theconversation.com/the-little-known-story-of-how-slavery-infiltrated-california-and-the-american-west-165705|access-date=9 December 2023|website=The Conversation}} * [https://www.history.com/.amp/news/california-once-tried-to-ban-black-people California Once Tried to Ban Black People] * [https://calmatters.org/projects/california-black-population-exodus/ The hidden toll of California’s Black exodus] * {{Cite book|last=Wheeler|first=B.G.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=To13wGCf-9UC|title=Black California: The History of African-Americans in the Golden State|publisher=Hippocrene Books|year=1993|isbn=978-0-7818-0074-7}} * [https://books.google.com/books?id=NFUlDQAAQBAJ&q=african+americans+latinos+california Black and Brown in Los Angeles: Beyond Conflict and Coalition] * [https://www.splcenter.org/fighting-hate/intelligence-report/2007/latino-gang-members-southern-california-are-terrorizing-and-killing-blacks LATINO GANG MEMBERS IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ARE TERRORIZING AND KILLING BLACKS] * {{Cite web|title=California Cultures: African Americans|url=https://calisphere.org/exhibitions/t8/california-cultures-african-americans/|access-date=9 December 2023|website=Calisphere}} * [https://www.ppic.org/blog/racial-ethnic-differences-in-whos-leaving-california/ Racial/Ethnic Differences in Who’s Leaving California] * {{Cite book|last=Gordon Wheeler|first=B.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=To13wGCf-9UC&q=african+americans+in+california|title=Black California: The History of African-Americans in the Golden State|publisher=Hippocrene Books|year=1993|isbn=9780781800747}} * {{Cite book|last=McGriff-Payne|first=Sharon|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=saG0kc0lG7wC&q=african+americans+in+california|title=African Americans in Vallejo|publisher=Arcadia|year=2012|isbn=9780738595818}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20231011053921/https://www.jpanafrican.org/docs/vol9no10/9.10-30-CaliforniaCultures.pdf California Cultures: African Americans] * [https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/5views/5views2.htm An Ethnic Historic Site Survey for California (Black Americans)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250120152709/http://www.usa.com/rank/california-state--black-population-percentage--city-rank.htm California Black Population Percentage City Rank] ==Further reading== * {{cite book|title= Seeking El Dorado: African Americans in California| date=September 27, 2023 | publisher=University of Washington Press | isbn=9780295980829 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=2eH35EuLuUsC&dq=african+americans+in+California+caribbean+haitian+descent&pg=PA76}} [[Category:African Americans insyd California| ]] 0eol4ejc9ld17hldjez10subn96dd1x 0 18953 112502 76592 2026-09-25T01:20:55Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112502 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Joseph William Swain de Graft-Johnson''' (6 October 1933 – 22 April 1999) be Ghanaian engineer, academic plus politician. He serve as Vice-President of Ghana from 1979 to 1981. == Early life den education == Joseph de Graft-Johnson bin born on 6 October 1933 for Cape Coast, Gold Coast to Fante parents. He go Mfantsipim School. He get ein bachelor's degree for Civil Engineering from de University of Leeds. For 1960, he get master's degree for Highway Engineering from de University of Birmingham. He get ein PhD for Soil Mechanics from de University of California, Berkeley for 1965. == Career == He first work plus one London engineering firm, wey ein projects include building of one Brazilian power plant den extension of one airport for London. de Graft-Johnson practise as engineer for Ghana. He be lecturer for Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology for Kumasi den later dem promote am to Senior Lecturer, den associate professor for 1968. For 1969, he become Director of de Buildings and Roads Research Institute. For 1974, he be one of ten members wey dem appoint to de Ghana Highways Authority den later he sit on top de board of directors. He be one of de founding members of de Ghana Institution of Engineers (GhIE), wey he be President from 1977 to 1978.<ref name="ghie">{{cite web|last=McGough|first=Laura J., Dr|date=December 1999|title=The Ghana Institution of Engineers In Perspective|url=http://www.ghie.org/History%2520of%2520the%2520Ghana%2520Institution%2520of%2520Engineers%2520Up%2520to%25202000.pdf|access-date=6 June 2006|publisher=Ghana Institution of Engineers}}</ref> He be consultant to de Government of Zambia wey he advise dem on how to set up de Building Research and Development Institute for Lusaka. == Politics == During de time of military rule under de Supreme Military Council, he dey involved for opposition against continued military rule as he be President of de GhIE, one of de plenty professional bodies for Ghana wey oppose de military government. He suffer personal attacks sake of dis. He be member of de 1978 Constituent Assembly wey dem set up to write de 1979 Constitution of de Third Republic. de Graft-Johnson join de People's National Party (PNP) when dem found am for 1979. Dis happen after de National Redemption Council lift de ban on political parties wey dem impose for 1972. De PNP win de elections den he become de first ever Vice President of Ghana insyd de Limann government.<ref>{{cite web|date=6 January 2005|title=Aliu makes history as first Veep to earn two terms|url=http://ghanareview.com/review/index.php?class=Int&date=2005-01-06&id=9218|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060316234330/http://ghanareview.com/review/index.php?class=Int&date=2005-01-06&id=9218|archive-date=16 March 2006|access-date=6 June 2006|work=Ghana Review International}}</ref> De government get overthrow by coup d'état on 31 December 1981. He lef go exile for London, England after de coup. == Personal life == He marry Lily Anna Sekyi wey na dem get 5 kiddies. == Death == De Graft-Johnson die on 22 April 1999 for London wey he be 65 years.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=6492|title=Mills signs book of condolence for former Veep|access-date=6 June 2006|work=GhanaWeb|date=12 May 1999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930024013/http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/artikel.php?ID=6492|archive-date=2007-09-30|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=12 May 1999|title=Mills signs book of condolence for former Veep|url=https://www.modernghana.com/news/5681/mills-signs-book-of-condolence-for-former-veep.html|access-date=2021-05-21|website=Modern Ghana|language=en}}</ref> After dem do ein funeral service for Wesley Methodist Cathedral, dem bury am for Cape Coast.<ref>{{Cite web|date=30 November 2001|title=Dr de-Graft Johnson to be buried on Friday {{!}} General News 1999-05-27|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/NewsArchive/Dr-de-Graft-Johnson-to-be-buried-on-Friday-6948|access-date=2018-12-07|website=www.ghanaweb.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-15|title=Dr. Joseph William Swain de Graft-Johnson, the first ever vice president of Ghana|url=https://ghanaianmuseum.com/dr-joseph-william-swain-de-graft-johnson/|access-date=2021-05-21|website=Ghanaian Museum|language=en-US}}</ref> == Publications == * {{cite journal |last=De Graft-Johnson |first=J. W. S. |author2=Harbhajan Bhatia |author3=A. A. Hammond |date=November 1972 |title=Lateritic Gravel Evaluation for Road Construction |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050521001022/http://www.pubs.asce.org/WWWdisplay.cgi?0104216 |url-status=dead |journal=Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division |volume=98 |issue=11 |pages=1245–1265 |doi=10.1061/JSFEAQ.0001806 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050521001022/https://web.archive.org/web/20050521001022/http://www.pubs.asce.org/WWWdisplay.cgi?0104216 |archive-date=21 May 2005}} == Literature == * de Graft Okyere, Letitia (2022) ''The First Vice President: A Biography of JWS de Graft-Johnson'' MacSwain Publishing == References == {{DEFAULTSORT:De Graft Johnson, Joseph W. S.}} [[Category:1933 births]] [[Category:1999 deaths]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Ghanaians]] [[Category:20th-century Ghanaian engineers]] [[Category:Academic staff of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology]] [[Category:Alumni of de University of Birmingham]] [[Category:Alumni of de University of Leeds]] [[Category:Fante people]] [[Category:Ghanaian Methodists]] [[Category:Leaders dem oust by a coup]] [[Category:Mfantsipim School alumni]] [[Category:People's National Party (Ghana) politicians]] [[Category:UC Berkeley College of Engineering alumni]] [[Category:Vice-presidents of Ghana]] [[Category:Politicians wey komot Central Region (Ghana)]] 0mtlp621ux8d1ubu9955vnx2esj5kz7 0 19191 112412 108770 2026-09-24T19:16:25Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112412 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Slavery''' be de ownership of a person as property, especially in regards to dema labour.<ref>{{cite book |last=Allain |first=Jean |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=62t3a5iESy8C}} |title=The Legal Understanding of Slavery: From the Historical to the Contemporary |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-19-164535-8 |editor1-last=Allain |editor1-first=Jean |location=Oxford |pages=199–219 |chapter=The Legal Definition of Slavery into the Twenty-First Century}}</ref> E be an economic phenomenon wey ein history dey reside insyd economic history.<ref name="harper1">{{cite book |last1=Harper |first1=Kyle |title=Slavery in the Late Roman World, AD 275-425 |date=2015 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781107640818 |page=11 |quote=Slavery is an economic phenomenon, and a history of slavery must be situated within the economic history of the ancient world.}}</ref> Slavery typically dey involve compulsory work, plus de slave ein location of work den residence wey be dictated by de party wey dey hold dem insyd bondage. '''Enslavement''' be de placement of a person into slavery, wey dem dey bell de person a '''slave''' anaa '''enslaved person'''. Na chaw historical cases of enslavement occur as a result of breaking de law, cam turn indebted, dey suffer a military defeat, anaa exploitation for cheaper labor; na oda forms of slavery dem institute along demographic lines such as race anaa sex. Na dem go keep slaves in bondage for life, anaa for a fixed period of time after wich na dem go be granted freedom.<ref>{{cite book |last=Baker-Kimmons |first=Leslie C. |title=Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity, and Society |date=2008 |publisher=SAGE Publishing |isbn=9781412926942 |editor-last=Schaefer |editor-first=Richard T. |volume=3 |page=1234 |chapter=Slavery |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YMUola6pDnkC&pg=PT1360}}</ref> Although slavery be usually involuntary wey dey involve coercion, der sanso be cases wer people voluntarily enter into slavery make dem bia a debt anaa earn money secof poverty. Insyd de course of human history, na slavery be a typical feature of civilization, wey na e exist insyd chaw societies thru out history,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pargas |first1=Damian |title=The Palgrave Handbook of Global Slavery throughout History |date=2023 |publisher=Palgrave MacMillan |isbn=978-3031132629 |chapter=Introduction: Historicizing and Spatializing Global Slavery}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Slavery (Oxford Reader) |url=https://archive.org/details/slavery0000unse_h5p2 |date=2001 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780192893024 |editor1-last=Engerman |editor1-first=Stanley |edition=Reprinted |page=[https://archive.org/details/slavery0000unse_h5p2/page/1 1] |quote=By the end of the twentieth century, slavery was no longer legally or morally acceptable anywhere in the world. Only two centuries ago, slavery was still among the most ubiquitous institutions in human societies, and had existed in most times and places throughout history. |editor2-last=Paquette |editor2-first=Robert |editor3-last=Drescher |editor3-first=Seymour}}</ref> buh now dem outlaw am insyd chaw countries of de world, except as a punishment for a crime.<ref name="WhiteWhite2014">{{cite book |last1=White |first1=Shelley K. |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=GsruAwAAQBAJ|page=43}} |title=Sociologists in Action on Inequalities: Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality |last2=White |first2=Jonathan M. |last3=Korgen |first3=Kathleen Odell |date=2014 |publisher=SAGE Publishing |isbn=978-1-4833-1147-0 |page=43}}</ref> In general na der be two types of slavery thru out human history: domestic den productive. Insyd '''chattel slavery''', de slave be legally rendered de personal property (chattel) of de slave owner. Insyd economics, de term '''de facto slavery''' dey describe de conditions of unfree labour den forced labour wey chaw slaves endure.<ref name="newint">{{cite web |title=Slavery in the 21st century |url=http://www.newint.org/issue337/facts.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527095857/http://www.newint.org/issue337/facts.htm |archive-date=May 27, 2010 |access-date=August 29, 2010 |publisher=Newint.org}}</ref> Insyd 2019, approximately 40 million people, of whom na 26% be kiddies, wey na e still enslaved thru out de world despite slavery be illegal. Insyd de modern world, more dan 50% of slaves provide forced labour, usually insyd de factories den sweatshops of de private sector of a country ein economy.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hodal |first1=Kate |date=May 31, 2016 |title=One in 200 people is a slave. Why? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2019/feb/25/modern-slavery-trafficking-persons-one-in-200 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430012324/https://www.theguardian.com/news/2019/feb/25/modern-slavery-trafficking-persons-one-in-200 |archive-date=April 30, 2019 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> Insyd industrialised countries, human trafficking be a modern variety of slavery; insyd non-industrialised countries, people insyd debt bondage be common,<ref name="newint" /> odas include captive domestic servants, people insyd forced marriages, den child soldiers.<ref name="modernslavery">{{cite web |date=January 30, 2007 |title=Religion & Ethics – Modern slavery: Modern forms of slavery |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/slavery/modern/modern_1.shtml#section_2 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106012011/http://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/slavery/modern/modern_1.shtml#section_2 |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |access-date=June 16, 2009 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> == References == <references /> === Bibliography === * {{Cite journal |last1=Anderson |first1=Gary M. |last2=Tollison |first2=Robert D. |year=1985 |title=Life in the Gulag: A Property Rights Perspective |url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/catoj5&div=18&id=&page= |journal=Cato Journal |volume=5 |access-date=December 30, 2020}} * {{cite book |last=Applebaum |first=Anne |title=Gulag: A History |url=https://archive.org/details/gulaghistory0000appl |date=2003 |publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing |location=New York}} * {{cite book |last=Arasaratnam |first=Sinnappah |title=Mariners, Merchants and Oceans: Studies on Maritime History |url=https://archive.org/details/bwb_P8-CSP-580 |publisher=Manohar |year=1995 |isbn=978-81-7304-075-7 |editor1-last=Mathew |editor1-first=Kuzhippalli S. |location=New Delhi |chapter=Slave Trade in the Indian Ocean in the Seventeenth Century}} * {{cite book |last=Arasaratnam |first=Sinnappah |title=Ceylon and the Dutch: 1600-1800: External Influences and Internal Change in Early Modern Sri Lanka |publisher=Variorum |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-86078-579-8 |location=Brookfield, VT}} * {{cite book |last=Bales |first=Kevin |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=djQq6-pZqNcC}} |title=Disposable People: New Slavery in the Global Economy |publisher=University of California Press |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-520-21797-3 |location=Berkeley}} * {{Cite book |last=Bales |first=Kevin |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=8Cw6EsO59aYC}} |title=New slavery: a reference handbook |date=2004 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=1-85109-816-X |edition=2nd |location=Santa Barbara, Calif. |oclc=61363605}} * {{Cite book |last=Barnes |first=Steven A. |title=Death and Redemption: The Gulag and the Shaping of Soviet Society |url=https://archive.org/details/deathredemptiong0000barn |date=April 4, 2011 |publisher=Princeton University Press |location=Princeton, NJ}} * {{Cite web |last=Bavis |first=Barbara |title=Research Guides: American Women: Resources from the Law Library: Introduction |url=https://guides.loc.gov/american-women-law/introduction |access-date=February 11, 2021 |website=guides.loc.gov |publisher=Law Library of Congress}} * {{cite book |last1=Boxer |first1=C. R. |url=https://archive.org/details/fidalgosinfareas0000boxe/page/225/mode/1up |title=Fidalgos in the Far East 1550–1770 |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1968 |isbn=978-0-19-638074-2 |edition=2nd revised |location=Hong Kong |orig-date=1948}} * {{cite web |last=Burnham |first=Philip |year=1993 |title=Selling Poor Steven |url=http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/1993/1/1993_1_90.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060507112026/http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/ah/1993/1/1993_1_90.shtml |archive-date=May 7, 2006 |magazine=American Heritage Magazine}} * {{cite book |last=Campbell |first=Gwyn |url={{google books|id=J0iRAgAAQBAJ|plainurl=y}} |title=The Structure of Slavery in Indian Ocean Africa and Asia |publisher=Frank Cass |year=2004 |isbn=978-1-135-75917-9 |location=London}} * {{cite book |url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Women+and+slavery%3b+v.1%3a+Africa%2c+the+Indian+Ocean+world%2c+and+the...-a0178634620 |title=Women and Slavery: Africa, the Indian Ocean world, and the medieval north Atlantic |publisher=Ohio University Press |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-8214-1723-2 |editor1-last=Campbell |editor1-first=Gwyn |volume=1 |location=Athens |ref={{SfnRef|Campbell|2007}} |editor2-last=Miers |editor2-first=Suzanne |editor3-last=Miller |editor3-first=Joseph Calder}} * {{cite book |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271908601 |title=Women and Slavery: The Modern Atlantic |publisher=Ohio University Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-8214-1725-6 |editor1-last=Campbell |editor1-first=Gwyn |volume=2 |location=Athens |ref={{sfnRef|Campbell|2008}} |editor2-last=Miers |editor2-first=Suzanne |editor3-last=Miller |editor3-first=Joseph Calder}} * {{Cite book |last=Conquest |first=Robert |title=Kolyma: The Arctic Death Camps |url=https://archive.org/details/kolymaarcticdeat00conq |date=1978 |publisher=Viking Press |location=New York}} * {{cite book |last=Conway |first=John |url=https://archive.org/details/lookatthirteenth0000conw/page/5 |title=A Look at the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments: Slavery Abolished, Equal Protection Established |publisher=Enslow Publishers |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-59845-070-5}} * {{cite book |last=Danver |first=Steven |title=Popular Controversies in World History |url=https://archive.org/details/popularcontrover0000unse |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-59884-078-0}} * {{cite book |last=Davis |first=Natalie Zemon |title=Slaves on Screen: Film and Historical Vision |date=2002 |publisher=Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-00821-2 |location=Cambridge, MA}} * {{Cite journal |last=Dobson |first=Miriam |date=October 2012 |title=Stalin's Gulag: Death, Redemption and Memory |journal=The Slavonic and East European Review |volume=90 |issue=4 |pages=735–743 |doi=10.5699/slaveasteurorev2.90.4.0735 |s2cid=148284255}} * {{Cite journal |last=Donoghue |first=John |year=2010 |title=Out of the Land of Bondage": The English Revolution and the Atlantic Origins of Abolition |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-historical-review_2010-10_115_4/page/943 |journal=The American Historical Review |volume=115 |issue=4 |pages=943–974 |doi=10.1086/ahr.115.4.943 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite book |last=Ellerman |first=David Patterson |title=Property and Contract in Economics: The Case for Economic Democracy |url=https://archive.org/details/propertycontract0000elle |date=1992 |publisher=Blackwell Publishing |isbn=978-1-55786-309-6 |location=Cambridge, Mass}} * {{Cite book |last=Foner |first=Philip S. |url=http://testaae.greenwood.com/doc_print.aspx?fileID=GR7529&chapterID=GR7529-747&path=books/greenwood |title=History of Black Americans: From Africa to the emergence of the cotton kingdom |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1980 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014135617/http://testaae.greenwood.com/doc_print.aspx?fileID=GR7529&chapterID=GR7529-747&path=books%2Fgreenwood |archive-date=October 14, 2013}} * {{cite book |last=Forbes |first=Robert P. |title=Religion and the Antebellum Debate Over Slavery |publisher=University of Georgia Press |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-8203-2076-2 |editor1-last=McKivigan |editor1-first=John R. |location=Athens, GA |pages=68–106 |chapter=Slavery and the Evangelical Movement |editor2-last=Snay |editor2-first=Mitchell |chapter-url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=e-unV4v5puYC|page=74}}}} * {{Cite book |last1=Gregory |first1=Paul R. |title=The Economics of Forced Labor: The Soviet Gulag |last2=Lazarev |first2=Valery |date=October 1, 2003 |publisher=Hoover Press |location=Stanford, CA}} * {{Cite book |last1=Higginbotham |first1=A. Leon Jr. |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=ErPg7VegkcMC|page=7}} |title=In the Matter of Color: Race and the American Legal Process: The Colonial Period |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1978 |isbn=978-0-19-502745-7 |location=New York |page=7}} * {{cite book |last=Kozlowski |first=Darrell |title=Colonialism: Key Concepts in American History |publisher=Infobase Publishing |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-60413-217-5}} * {{Cite book |last=Lee |first=Kenneth B. |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=XrZQs-6KswMC|page=49}} |title=Korea and East Asia: the story of a Phoenix |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |year=1997 |isbn=978-0-275-95823-7 |page=49 |access-date=July 4, 2010}} * {{Cite journal |last1=Lester |first1=David |last2=Krysinska |first2=Karolina |year=2008 |title=Suicide in the Soviet Gulag Camps |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/5510937 |format=pdf |journal=Archives of Suicide Research |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=170–179 |doi=10.1080/13811110701857541 |pmid=18340600 |s2cid=205804782 |access-date=December 30, 2020}} * {{cite book |last=Lewis |first=Bernard |url=https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/med/lewis1.asp |title=Race and Slavery in the Middle East: An Historical Enquiry |date=1992 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-505326-5 |location=New York}} * {{cite book |last=Love |first=Henry Davison |title=Vestiges of Old Madras, 1640-1800 |publisher=Government of India |year=1913 |location=London |ol=1773373W}} * {{cite journal |last=Meltzer |first=Milton |year=1993 |title=Slavery: A World History |url=https://scholar.dominican.edu/cynthia-stokes-brown-books-personal-research/141 |journal=Personal Research Collection}} * {{cite book |last=Millward |first=James A. |url={{google books|id=7ir2CAAAQBAJ|plainurl=y}} |title=Beyond the Pass: Economy, Ethnieitya and Empire in Qing Central Asia, 1759-1564 |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-8047-2933-8 |location=Stanford}} * {{Cite book |last=Prakash |first=Om |title=The Dutch East India Company and the Economy of Bengal, 1630-1720 |url=https://archive.org/details/dutcheastindiaco0000prak |date=January 1, 1985 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-1-4008-5776-0 |doi=10.1515/9781400857760}} * {{Cite book |last=Prakash |first=Om |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=hciTRYbE27gC}} |title=European Commercial Enterprise in Pre-Colonial India |date=June 28, 1998 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-25758-9 |volume=II |location=New York |page=5}} * {{cite book |title=The Cambridge Economic History of India I |date=1982 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |editor1-last=Raychaudhuri |editor1-first=Tapan |location=Cambridge |editor2-last=Habib |editor2-first=Irfan}} * {{Cite book |last=Richards |first=John F. |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=4evztAEACAAJ}} |title=The Mughal Empire |date=2012 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-511-58406-0 |series=The New Cambridge History of India, Part I |volume=5 |location=Cambridge}} * {{cite book |last1=Rodriguez |first1=Junius P. |url=https://archive.org/details/historicalencycl01rodr |title=The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=1997 |isbn=978-0-87436-885-7 |volume=1 |location=Santa Barbara, Calif}} * {{cite book |last1=Rodriguez |first1=Junius P. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4X44KbDBl9gC |title=Slavery in the United States: A Social, Political, and Historical Encyclopedia |date=2007a |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-85109-544-5 |location=Santa Barbara, Calif}} * {{cite book |last=Salisbury |first=Joyce E. |url={{Google books|id=T9AZAQAAIAAJ|plainurl=yes}} |title=The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Daily Life: The medieval world |publisher=Greenwood Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-313-32543-4 |page=316 |access-date=January 9, 2011}} * {{cite journal |last=de Sande |first=Duarte |year=2012 |editor-last=Massarella |editor-first=Derek |title=Japanese Travellers in Sixteenth-century Europe: A Dialogue Concerning the Mission of the Japanese Ambassadors to the Roman Curia (1590) |journal=Works Issued by the Hakluyt Society |series=Third Series |publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. |volume=25 |issue=25 |isbn=978-1-4094-7223-0 |issn=0072-9396}} * {{cite book |last=Saunders |first=A.C. de C.M. |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=g0TCPWGGVqgC|page=168}} |title=A Social History of Black Slaves and Freedmen in Portugal, 1441–1555 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1982 |isbn=978-0-521-23150-3 |edition=illustrated |page=168 |access-date=February 2, 2014}} * {{Cite journal |last=Subrahmanyam |first=Sanjay |year=1997 |title=Slaves and Tyrants: Dutch Tribulations in Seventeenth-Century Mrauk-U |journal=Journal of Early Modern History |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=201–253 |doi=10.1163/157006597x00028 |issn=1385-3783}} * {{cite book |last=Toppin |first=Edgar |title=The Black American in United States History |publisher=Allyn & Bacon |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-4759-6172-0}} * {{cite thesis |last=Vink |first=Markus P. M. |title=Encounters on the Opposite Coast: Cross-Cultural Contacts between the Dutch East India Company and the Nayaka State of Madurai in the Seventeenth Century |date=June 1998 |access-date=February 14, 2021 |type=PhD |publisher=University of Minnesota |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/304436379 |isbn=978-0-591-92325-4 |volume=1 |id=ProQuest 304436379}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q8463|c=Category:Slavery|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} === Historical === * [https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/slavery/ Slavery in America: A Resource Guide] at the Library of Congress * [http://www2.vcdh.virginia.edu/bib/ The Bibliography of Slavery and World Slaving], University of Virginia: a searchable database of 25,000 scholarly works on slavery and the slave trade * [https://library.uncg.edu/slavery/ Digital Library on American Slavery] at University of North Carolina at Greensboro * {{cite web |url=http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/historyonline/slav_fact.cfm |title=Slavery Fact Sheets |website=Digital History |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209215003/http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/historyonline/slav_fact.cfm |archive-date=February 9, 2014 |publisher=University of Houston}} * [https://www.pdavis.nl/index.htm#WAS The West African Squadron and slave trade], history of the Victorian Royal Navy * [https://www.thirteen.org/wnet/slavery/ Slavery and the Making of America] at WNET * {{cite web |title=Understanding Slavery |url=http://school.discoveryeducation.com/schooladventures/slavery/ |publisher=Discovery Education |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100326073920/http://school.discoveryeducation.com/schooladventures/slavery/ |archive-date=March 26, 2010}} * [https://london.ac.uk/senate-house-library/our-collections/special-collections/archives-manuscripts/subject-guides-to-archives#slavery-archive-sources Slavery archival sources], University of London, Senate House Library * [http://www.memoirestbarth.com/EN/ Mémoire St Barth (archives & history of slavery, slave trade and their abolition)], Comité de Liaison et d'Application des Sources Historiques 2010 * [http://www.archieven.nl/nl/zoeken?miview=inv2&mivast=0&mizig=210&miadt=239&micode=20&milang=nl#inv3t0 Archives of the Middelburgsche Commercie Compagnie (MCC), 1720–1889 'Trade Company of Middelburg'], Inventory of the archives of the Dutch slave trade across the Atlantic * [https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Slave_Ships_and_the_Middle_Passage Slave Ships and the Middle Passage] at ''Encyclopedia Virginia'' * [https://www.slavevoyages.org/ The Trans-Atlantic and Intra-American slave trade databases] at Emory University === Modern === * [https://www.globalslaveryindex.org/ 2018 Global Slavery Index] at the Walk Free Foundation * [https://www.state.gov/what-is-modern-slavery/ What is Modern Slavery?]; Office To Monitor And Combat Trafficking In Persons, U.S. Department of State. {{Authority control}} [[Category:Slavery| ]] [[Category:Business ethics]] [[Category:Employment]] [[Category:Human rights abuses]] [[Category:Labor]] [[Category:Social classes]] b910xs8l6u5k4a2fpi71ew9tiqvmy0l 112557 112412 2026-09-25T02:49:51Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112557 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Slavery''' be de ownership of a person as property, especially in regards to dema labour.<ref>{{cite book |last=Allain |first=Jean |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=62t3a5iESy8C}} |title=The Legal Understanding of Slavery: From the Historical to the Contemporary |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-19-164535-8 |editor1-last=Allain |editor1-first=Jean |location=Oxford |pages=199–219 |chapter=The Legal Definition of Slavery into the Twenty-First Century}}</ref> E be an economic phenomenon wey ein history dey reside insyd economic history.<ref name="harper1">{{cite book |last1=Harper |first1=Kyle |title=Slavery in the Late Roman World, AD 275-425 |date=2015 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781107640818 |page=11 |quote=Slavery is an economic phenomenon, and a history of slavery must be situated within the economic history of the ancient world.}}</ref> Slavery typically dey involve compulsory work, plus de slave ein location of work den residence wey be dictated by de party wey dey hold dem insyd bondage. '''Enslavement''' be de placement of a person into slavery, wey dem dey bell de person a '''slave''' anaa '''enslaved person'''. Na chaw historical cases of enslavement occur as a result of breaking de law, cam turn indebted, dey suffer a military defeat, anaa exploitation for cheaper labor; na oda forms of slavery dem institute along demographic lines such as race anaa sex. Na dem go keep slaves in bondage for life, anaa for a fixed period of time after wich na dem go be granted freedom.<ref>{{cite book |last=Baker-Kimmons |first=Leslie C. |title=Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity, and Society |date=2008 |publisher=SAGE Publishing |isbn=9781412926942 |editor-last=Schaefer |editor-first=Richard T. |volume=3 |page=1234 |chapter=Slavery |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YMUola6pDnkC&pg=PT1360}}</ref> Although slavery be usually involuntary wey dey involve coercion, der sanso be cases wer people voluntarily enter into slavery make dem bia a debt anaa earn money secof poverty. Insyd de course of human history, na slavery be a typical feature of civilization, wey na e exist insyd chaw societies thru out history,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pargas |first1=Damian |title=The Palgrave Handbook of Global Slavery throughout History |date=2023 |publisher=Palgrave MacMillan |isbn=978-3031132629 |chapter=Introduction: Historicizing and Spatializing Global Slavery}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Slavery (Oxford Reader) |url=https://archive.org/details/slavery0000unse_h5p2 |date=2001 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780192893024 |editor1-last=Engerman |editor1-first=Stanley |edition=Reprinted |page=[https://archive.org/details/slavery0000unse_h5p2/page/1 1] |quote=By the end of the twentieth century, slavery was no longer legally or morally acceptable anywhere in the world. Only two centuries ago, slavery was still among the most ubiquitous institutions in human societies, and had existed in most times and places throughout history. |editor2-last=Paquette |editor2-first=Robert |editor3-last=Drescher |editor3-first=Seymour}}</ref> buh now dem outlaw am insyd chaw countries of de world, except as a punishment for a crime.<ref name="WhiteWhite2014">{{cite book |last1=White |first1=Shelley K. |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=GsruAwAAQBAJ|page=43}} |title=Sociologists in Action on Inequalities: Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality |last2=White |first2=Jonathan M. |last3=Korgen |first3=Kathleen Odell |date=2014 |publisher=SAGE Publishing |isbn=978-1-4833-1147-0 |page=43}}</ref> In general na der be two types of slavery thru out human history: domestic den productive. Insyd '''chattel slavery''', de slave be legally rendered de personal property (chattel) of de slave owner. Insyd economics, de term '''de facto slavery''' dey describe de conditions of unfree labour den forced labour wey chaw slaves endure.<ref name="newint">{{cite web |title=Slavery in the 21st century |url=http://www.newint.org/issue337/facts.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527095857/http://www.newint.org/issue337/facts.htm |archive-date=May 27, 2010 |access-date=August 29, 2010 |publisher=Newint.org}}</ref> Insyd 2019, approximately 40 million people, of whom na 26% be kiddies, wey na e still enslaved thru out de world despite slavery be illegal. Insyd de modern world, more dan 50% of slaves provide forced labour, usually insyd de factories den sweatshops of de private sector of a country ein economy.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hodal |first1=Kate |date=May 31, 2016 |title=One in 200 people is a slave. Why? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2019/feb/25/modern-slavery-trafficking-persons-one-in-200 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430012324/https://www.theguardian.com/news/2019/feb/25/modern-slavery-trafficking-persons-one-in-200 |archive-date=April 30, 2019 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> Insyd industrialised countries, human trafficking be a modern variety of slavery; insyd non-industrialised countries, people insyd debt bondage be common,<ref name="newint" /> odas include captive domestic servants, people insyd forced marriages, den child soldiers.<ref name="modernslavery">{{cite web |date=January 30, 2007 |title=Religion & Ethics – Modern slavery: Modern forms of slavery |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/slavery/modern/modern_1.shtml#section_2 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106012011/http://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/slavery/modern/modern_1.shtml#section_2 |archive-date=January 6, 2014 |access-date=June 16, 2009 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> == References == <references /> === Bibliography === * {{Cite journal |last1=Anderson |first1=Gary M. |last2=Tollison |first2=Robert D. |year=1985 |title=Life in the Gulag: A Property Rights Perspective |url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/catoj5&div=18&id=&page= |journal=Cato Journal |volume=5 |access-date=December 30, 2020}} * {{cite book |last=Applebaum |first=Anne |title=Gulag: A History |url=https://archive.org/details/gulaghistory0000appl |date=2003 |publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing |location=New York}} * {{cite book |last=Arasaratnam |first=Sinnappah |title=Mariners, Merchants and Oceans: Studies on Maritime History |url=https://archive.org/details/bwb_P8-CSP-580 |publisher=Manohar |year=1995 |isbn=978-81-7304-075-7 |editor1-last=Mathew |editor1-first=Kuzhippalli S. |location=New Delhi |chapter=Slave Trade in the Indian Ocean in the Seventeenth Century}} * {{cite book |last=Arasaratnam |first=Sinnappah |title=Ceylon and the Dutch: 1600-1800: External Influences and Internal Change in Early Modern Sri Lanka |publisher=Variorum |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-86078-579-8 |location=Brookfield, VT}} * {{cite book |last=Bales |first=Kevin |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=djQq6-pZqNcC}} |title=Disposable People: New Slavery in the Global Economy |publisher=University of California Press |year=1999 |isbn=978-0-520-21797-3 |location=Berkeley}} * {{Cite book |last=Bales |first=Kevin |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=8Cw6EsO59aYC}} |title=New slavery: a reference handbook |date=2004 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=1-85109-816-X |edition=2nd |location=Santa Barbara, Calif. |oclc=61363605}} * {{Cite book |last=Barnes |first=Steven A. |title=Death and Redemption: The Gulag and the Shaping of Soviet Society |url=https://archive.org/details/deathredemptiong0000barn |date=April 4, 2011 |publisher=Princeton University Press |location=Princeton, NJ}} * {{Cite web |last=Bavis |first=Barbara |title=Research Guides: American Women: Resources from the Law Library: Introduction |url=https://guides.loc.gov/american-women-law/introduction |access-date=February 11, 2021 |website=guides.loc.gov |publisher=Law Library of Congress}} * {{cite book |last1=Boxer |first1=C. 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M. |title=Encounters on the Opposite Coast: Cross-Cultural Contacts between the Dutch East India Company and the Nayaka State of Madurai in the Seventeenth Century |date=June 1998 |access-date=February 14, 2021 |type=PhD |publisher=University of Minnesota |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/304436379 |isbn=978-0-591-92325-4 |volume=1 |id=ProQuest 304436379}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q8463|c=Category:Slavery|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} === Historical === * [https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/slavery/ Slavery in America: A Resource Guide] at the Library of Congress * [http://www2.vcdh.virginia.edu/bib/ The Bibliography of Slavery and World Slaving], University of Virginia: a searchable database of 25,000 scholarly works on slavery and the slave trade * [https://library.uncg.edu/slavery/ Digital Library on American Slavery] at University of North Carolina at Greensboro * {{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209215003/http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/historyonline/slav_fact.cfm |title=Slavery Fact Sheets |website=Digital History |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209215003/https://web.archive.org/web/20140209215003/http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/historyonline/slav_fact.cfm |archive-date=February 9, 2014 |publisher=University of Houston}} * [https://www.pdavis.nl/index.htm#WAS The West African Squadron and slave trade], history of the Victorian Royal Navy * [https://www.thirteen.org/wnet/slavery/ Slavery and the Making of America] at WNET * {{cite web |title=Understanding Slavery |url=http://school.discoveryeducation.com/schooladventures/slavery/ |publisher=Discovery Education |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100326073920/http://school.discoveryeducation.com/schooladventures/slavery/ |archive-date=March 26, 2010}} * [https://london.ac.uk/senate-house-library/our-collections/special-collections/archives-manuscripts/subject-guides-to-archives#slavery-archive-sources Slavery archival sources], University of London, Senate House Library * [http://www.memoirestbarth.com/EN/ Mémoire St Barth (archives & history of slavery, slave trade and their abolition)], Comité de Liaison et d'Application des Sources Historiques 2010 * [http://www.archieven.nl/nl/zoeken?miview=inv2&mivast=0&mizig=210&miadt=239&micode=20&milang=nl#inv3t0 Archives of the Middelburgsche Commercie Compagnie (MCC), 1720–1889 'Trade Company of Middelburg'], Inventory of the archives of the Dutch slave trade across the Atlantic * [https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Slave_Ships_and_the_Middle_Passage Slave Ships and the Middle Passage] at ''Encyclopedia Virginia'' * [https://www.slavevoyages.org/ The Trans-Atlantic and Intra-American slave trade databases] at Emory University === Modern === * [https://www.globalslaveryindex.org/ 2018 Global Slavery Index] at the Walk Free Foundation * [https://www.state.gov/what-is-modern-slavery/ What is Modern Slavery?]; Office To Monitor And Combat Trafficking In Persons, U.S. Department of State. {{Authority control}} [[Category:Slavery| ]] [[Category:Business ethics]] [[Category:Employment]] [[Category:Human rights abuses]] [[Category:Labor]] [[Category:Social classes]] 1o1ph670y65tsfzbrx9g5c7cvgpb810 0 19237 112304 79472 2026-09-24T16:27:01Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112304 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Na an '''Ebola virus epidemic in Sierra Leone''' occur insyd 2014, along plus de neighbouring countries of [[Guinea]] den [[Liberia]]. At de time na dem discover am, na dem think say Ebola virus no be endemic to Sierra Leone anaa to de West African region den dat na de epidemic represent de first time na dem discover de virus der.<ref>{{Cite journal |author1=WHO Ebola Response Team |last2=Aylward |first2=B |last3=Barboza |first3=P |last4=Bawo |first4=L |last5=Bertherat |first5=E |last6=Bilivogui |first6=P |last7=Blake |first7=I |last8=Brennan |first8=R |last9=Briand |first9=S |last10=Chakauya |first10=J. M |last11=Chitala |first11=K |last12=Conteh |first12=R. M |last13=Cori |first13=A |last14=Croisier |first14=A |last15=Dangou |first15=J. M |display-authors=29 |year=2014 |title=Ebola Virus Disease in West Africa — the First 9 Months of the Epidemic and Forward Projections |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2014-10-16_371_16/page/1481 |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |volume=371 |issue=16 |pages=1481–1495 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa1411100 |pmc=4235004 |pmid=25244186 |last16=Diallo |first16=B |last17=Donnelly |first17=C. A |last18=Dye |first18=C |last19=Eckmanns |first19=T |last20=Ferguson |first20=N. M |last21=Formenty |first21=P |last22=Fuhrer |first22=C |last23=Fukuda |first23=K |last24=Garske |first24=T |last25=Gasasira |first25=A |last26=Gbanyan |first26=S |last27=Graaff |first27=P |last28=Heleze |first28=E |last29=Jambai |first29=A |last30=Jombart |first30=T}}</ref> However, na US researchers point to lab samples dem use for Lassa fever testing to suggest dat na Ebola dey insyd Sierra Leone as early as 2006.<ref name="EurekAlert!2">{{cite web |date=14 July 2014 |title=Sierra Leone samples: Ebola evidence in West Africa in 2006 |url=http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-07/uamr-sls071414.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190104164602/https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-07/uamr-sls071414.php |archive-date=4 January 2019 |access-date=7 October 2014 |website=EurekAlert!}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite book |last1=Qureshi |first1=Adnan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7zyXCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA72 |title=Ebola Virus Disease: From Origin to Outbreak |date=2016 |publisher=Academic Press |isbn=9780128042427 |access-date=15 July 2016}} * {{cite journal |last1=Bower |first1=Hilary |last2=Smout |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Bangura |first3=Mohamed S. |last4=Kamara |first4=Osman |last5=Turay |first5=Cecilia |last6=Johnson |first6=Sembia |last7=Oza |first7=Shefali |last8=Checchi |first8=Francesco |last9=Glynn |first9=Judith R. |date=17 May 2016 |title=Deaths, late deaths, and role of infecting dose in Ebola virus disease in Sierra Leone: retrospective cohort study |url= |journal=BMJ |volume=353 |doi=10.1136/bmj.i2403 |issn=1756-1833 |pmc=4870382 |pmid=27188404 |article-number=i2403}} * {{cite journal |last1=Betancourt |first1=Theresa S. |last2=Brennan |first2=Robert T. |last3=Vinck |first3=Patrick |last4=VanderWeele |first4=Tyler J. |last5=Spencer-Walters |first5=Dayo |last6=Jeong |first6=Joshua |last7=Akinsulure-Smith |first7=Adeyinka M. |last8=Pham |first8=Phuong |date=9 August 2016 |title=Associations between Mental Health and Ebola-Related Health Behaviors: A Regionally Representative Cross-sectional Survey in Post-conflict Sierra Leone |journal=PLOS Med |volume=13 |issue=8 |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002073 |issn=1549-1676 |pmc=4978463 |pmid=27505186 |doi-access=free |article-number=e1002073}} * {{cite journal |last1=Owada |first1=Kei |last2=Eckmanns |first2=Tim |last3=Kamara |first3=Kande-Bure O'Bai |last4=Olu |first4=Olushayo Oluseun |date=8 August 2016 |title=Epidemiological Data Management during an Outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease: Key Issues and Observations from Sierra Leone |journal=Frontiers in Public Health |volume=4 |page=163 |doi=10.3389/fpubh.2016.00163 |issn=2296-2565 |pmc=4976087 |pmid=27551675 |doi-access=free}} * {{Cite journal |last1=Haaskjold |first1=Yngvar Lunde |last2=Bolkan |first2=Håkon Angell |last3=Krogh |first3=Kurt Østhuus |last4=Jongopi |first4=James |last5=Lundeby |first5=Karen Marie |last6=Mellesmo |first6=Sindre |last7=Garcés |first7=Pedro San José |last8=Jøsendal |first8=Ola |last9=Øpstad |first9=Åsmund |last10=Svensen |first10=Erling |last11=Fuentes |first11=Luis Matias Zabala |last12=Kamara |first12=Alfred Sandy |last13=Riera |first13=Melchor |last14=Arranz |first14=Javier |last15=Roberts |first15=David P. |year=2016 |title=Clinical Features of and Risk Factors for Fatal Ebola Virus Disease, Moyamba District, Sierra Leone, December 2014–February 2015 |journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases |volume=22 |issue=9 |pages=1537–1544 |doi=10.3201/eid2209.151621 |pmc=4994367 |pmid=27268303 |last16=Stamper |first16=Paul D. |last17=Austin |first17=Paula |last18=Moosa |first18=Alfredo J. |last19=Marke |first19=Dennis |last20=Hassan |first20=Shoaib |last21=Eide |first21=Geir Egil |last22=Berg |first22=Åse |last23=Blomberg |first23=Bjørn}} * {{cite journal |last1=Cancedda |first1=Corrado |last2=Davis |first2=Sheila M. |last3=Dierberg |first3=Kerry L. |last4=Lascher |first4=Jonathan |last5=Kelly |first5=J. Daniel |last6=Barrie |first6=Mohammed Bailor |last7=Koroma |first7=Alimamy Philip |last8=George |first8=Peter |last9=Kamara |first9=Adikali Alpha |last10=Marsh |first10=Ronald |last11=Sumbuya |first11=Manso S. |last12=Nutt |first12=Cameron T. |last13=Scott |first13=Kirstin W. |last14=Thomas |first14=Edgar |last15=Bollbach |first15=Katherine |date=28 September 2016 |title=Strengthening Health Systems While Responding to a Health Crisis: Lessons Learned by a Nongovernmental Organization During the Ebola Virus Disease Epidemic in Sierra Leone |journal=Journal of Infectious Diseases |language=en |volume=214 |issue=suppl 3 |pages=S153–S163 |doi=10.1093/infdis/jiw345 |issn=0022-1899 |pmc=5050485 |pmid=27688219 |last16=Sesay |first16=Andrew |last17=Barrie |first17=Ahmidu |last18=Barrera |first18=Elizabeth |last19=Barron |first19=Kathryn |last20=Welch |first20=John |last21=Bhadelia |first21=Nahid |last22=Frankfurter |first22=Raphael G. |last23=Dahl |first23=Ophelia M. |last24=Das |first24=Sarthak |last25=Rollins |first25=Rebecca E. |last26=Eustis |first26=Bryan |last27=Schwartz |first27=Amanda |last28=Pertile |first28=Piero |last29=Pavlopoulos |first29=Ilias |last30=Mayfield |first30=Allan |last31=Marsh |first31=Regan H. |last32=Dibba |first32=Yusupha |last33=Kloepper |first33=Danielle |last34=Hall |first34=Andrew |last35=Huster |first35=Karin |last36=Grady |first36=Michael |last37=Spray |first37=Kimberly |last38=Walton |first38=David A. |last39=Daboh |first39=Fodei |last40=Nally |first40=Cora |last41=James |first41=Sahr |last42=Warren |first42=Gabriel S. |last43=Chang |first43=Joyce |last44=Drasher |first44=Michael |last45=Lamin |first45=Gina |last46=Bangura |first46=Sherry |last47=Miller |first47=Ann C. |last48=Michaelis |first48=Annie P. |last49=McBain |first49=Ryan |last50=Broadhurst |first50=M. Jana |last51=Murray |first51=Megan |last52=Richardson |first52=Eugene T. |last53=Philip |first53=Ted |last54=Gottlieb |first54=Gary L. |last55=Mukherjee |first55=Joia S. |last56=Farmer |first56=Paul E.}} * {{cite journal |last1=Howlett |first1=Patrick J. |last2=Walder |first2=Anna R. |last3=Lisk |first3=Durodami R. |last4=Fitzgerald |first4=Felicity |last5=Sevalie |first5=Stephen |last6=Lado |first6=Marta |last7=N'jai |first7=Abdul |last8=Brown |first8=Colin S. |last9=Sahr |first9=Foday |last10=Sesay |first10=Foday |last11=Read |first11=Jonathon M. |last12=Steptoe |first12=Paul J. |last13=Beare |first13=Nicholas A.V. |last14=Dwivedi |first14=Reena |last15=Solbrig |first15=Marylou |date=August 2018 |title=Case Series of Severe Neurologic Sequelae of Ebola Virus Disease during Epidemic, Sierra Leone |journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases |volume=24 |issue=8 |pages=1412–1421 |doi=10.3201/eid2408.171367 |issn=1080-6040 |pmc=6056101 |pmid=30014839 |last16=Deen |first16=Gibrilla F. |last17=Solomon |first17=Tom |last18=Semple |first18=Malcolm G. |last19=Scott |first19=Janet T.}} ==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141016121354/http://health.gov.sl/ Website of the Ministry of Health & Sanitation provides also situation reports for Sierra Leone] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170622125220/http://health.gov.sl/?page_id=576 Page of links to day-by-day situation updates from the Ministry of Health & Sanitation] * [https://www.bbc.com/news/health-29507673 Inside Sierra Leone's Ebola clinics] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20141025084808/http://www.ebolaviruskills.com/ Inside the history of Ebola] * [http://currents.plos.org/outbreaks/article/insights-into-the-early-epidemic-spread-of-ebola-in-sierra-leone-provided-by-viral-sequence-data/ Insights into the Early Epidemic Spread of Ebola in Sierra Leone Provided by Viral Sequence Data] * [http://currents.plos.org/outbreaks/article/obk-14-0043-modeling-the-impact-of-interventions-on-an-epidemic-of-ebola-in-sierra-leone-and-liberia/ Modeling the Impact of Interventions on an Epidemic of Ebola in Sierra Leone and Liberia] ([http://currents.plos.org/outbreaks/files/2014/09/Combined_Prediction.png Graph for Sierra Leone]) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20120331120008/http://vhfc.org/consortium/partners/kgh Kenema Government Hospital] [[Category:2014 insyd Sierra Leone]] [[Category:2015 insyd Sierra Leone]] [[Category:2016 insyd Sierra Leone]] [[Category:Disease outbreaks insyd Sierra Leone]] [[Category:West African Ebola virus epidemic|Sierra Leone]] [[Category:Infectious disease deaths insyd Sierra Leone]] qc8pge6crra2qigo7ig6sppmph3605f 0 19281 112506 79101 2026-09-25T01:32:45Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112506 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Laetitia Heloise Arries''' be South African politician wey serve as member of parliament insyd de National Assembly since 2025, after she serve from 2019 till 2024. She be Permanent Delegate insyd de National Council of Provinces for de North West from 2024 till 2025. Before dem elect am go parliament, she serve as councillor of George Local Municipality. Arries be member of Economic Freedom Fighters. == Career == Arries be member of Economic Freedom Fighters. She get elected as PR councillor insyd George Local Municipality insyd August 2016.<ref name="GH">{{cite news|last1=Pienaar|first1=Michelle|title=Georgians off to parliament!|url=https://www.georgeherald.com/News/Article/General/georgians-off-to-parliament-201905220449|access-date=29 July 2020|newspaper=George Herald|date=23 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904162527/https://www.georgeherald.com/News/Article/General/georgians-off-to-parliament-201905220449|archive-date=4 September 2019}}</ref> Arries get elected to de National Assembly insyd general election wey dem hold on 8 May 2019. For 22 May 2019, she swear in as MP. Arries be one of two EFF MPs from George. De oda EFF parliamentarian be Natasha Ntlangwini. Arries serve as Alternate Member of de Portfolio Committee on Human Settlements, Water plus Sanitation between 27 June 2019 plus 6 May 2020.<ref name="PA">{{cite web |title=Laetitia Heloise Arries |url=https://www.pa.org.za/person/laetitia-heloise-arries/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729173959/https://www.pa.org.za/person/laetitia-heloise-arries/ |archive-date=29 July 2020 |access-date=29 July 2020 |website=People's Assembly}}</ref> For 6 May 2020, she turn Alternate Member of de Portfolio Committee on Social Development.<ref name="PA" /> After de 2024 general election, Arries get selected to represent de North West Province insyd de National Council of Provinces as member of Economic Freedom Fighters.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 June 2024 |title=Minutes of proceedings |url=https://www.parliament.gov.za/storage/app/media/Docs/min/28cba6d9-a05a-4746-8f9f-0fbb401d0bef.pdf |access-date=25 June 2024 |website=Parliament of South Africa}}</ref> == References == {{DEFAULTSORT:Arries, Laetitia}} [[Category:Human]] [[Category:South African people]] [[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]] [[Category:Economic Freedom Fighters politicians]] [[Category:21st-century South African women politicians]] [[Category:Members of de National Council of Provinces]] [[Category:Women members of de National Council of Provinces]] [[Category:Members of de National Assembly of South Africa 2019–2024]] <references /> ==External links== {{Commons}} *{{cite web |title=Ms Laetitia Heloise Arries |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729174548/https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/6 |website=Parliament of South Africa |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729174548/https://web.archive.org/web/20200729174548/https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/6 |archive-date=29 July 2020}} n82wpnzadlmccul0montezf6g7yjpg7 0 19358 112530 79292 2026-09-25T02:08:34Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112530 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nosipho Makamba-Botya''' be South African politician wey serve as member of de National Assembly of South Africa from June 2023 go reach May 2024, den she represent de Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF). Before den, she bin be EFF councillor insyd de City of Cape Town, plus she bin serve as Member of de Western Cape Provincial Parliament. She start ein MPP role for May 2019 den serve as de party ein chief whip. Makamba-Botya too be de deputy chairperson for EFF insyd de province.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Lepule|first1=Tshego|title=New mix in Western Cape legislature|url=https://www.iol.co.za/weekend-argus/news/new-mix-in-western-cape-legislature-23067613|accessdate=27 June 2020|newspaper=IOL|date=12 May 2019|location=Cape Town}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Women's groups at WC Parliament|url=https://www.netwerk24.com/ZA/Paarl-Post/Nuus/womens-groups-at-wc-parliament-20191127-2|accessdate=27 June 2020|newspaper=Netwerk24 (Paarl Post)|date=29 November 2019}}</ref> On 28 January 2023, Makamba-Botya plus ein colleague Melikhaya Xego wey be EFF MPP, dem resign from de provincial parliament.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Nel|first=Brandon|title=EFF duo resigns from W Cape Parly|language=en|url=https://www.iol.co.za/weekend-argus/news/eff-duo-resigns-from-w-cape-parly-8d2ba5ad-1847-48dc-bdda-f08bb6c764d4|access-date=2023-02-05}}</ref> Dem later swear her in as councillor for City of Cape Town on 14 February 2023. After she serve small for council, dem san swear am as Member of de National Assembly on 14 June 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=In Pictures Member of the EFF Central Command Team, Commissar Nosipho Makamba-Botya being sworn in as a Member of Parliament of South Africa #EFFTurns10 |url=https://twitter.com/EFFSouthAfrica/status/1668964196904583168 |access-date=2023-06-20 |website=Twitter |language=en}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Wikiquote}} *{{cite web |title=Nosipho Makamba-Botya |url=https://www.pa.org.za/person/nosipho-makamba-botya/ |website=People's Assembly}} *{{cite web |title=Hon Nosipho Makamba-Botya |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627183359/https://www.wcpp.gov.za/node/6284 |website=Western Cape Provincial Parliament |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627183359/https://web.archive.org/web/20200627183359/https://www.wcpp.gov.za/node/6284 |archivedate=27 June 2020}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Makamba-Botya, Nosipho}} [[Category:South African people]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Economic Freedom Fighters politicians]] [[Category:21st-century South African women politicians]] [[Category:Members of de Western Cape Provincial Parliament]] [[Category:Women members of provincial legislatures of South Africa]] [[Category:Women members of de National Assembly of South Africa]] [[Category:Members of de National Assembly of South Africa 2019–2024]] dilhi5gxsnlwn4pvkbsvm2axpwpw4h9 0 19361 112503 79303 2026-09-25T01:22:34Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112503 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Julius Sello Malema''' (born 3 March 1981) be a South African politician. He be de founder den leader of de Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF), a communist political party known for de red berets den military-style outfits worn by its members.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-09-17 |title=EFF to launch communism workshops |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2013-09-17-eff-to-launch-workshops-teaching-communism/ |access-date=2025-02-19 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pauwels |first=Matthias |date=2019-05-09 |title=What the EFF's self-styled militarism says about South Africa's third largest party |url=http://theconversation.com/what-the-effs-self-styled-militarism-says-about-south-africas-third-largest-party-116463 |access-date=2023-11-21 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Emma Thelwell |title=5 reasons why the EFF's red berets matter |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/5-reasons-why-the-effs-red-berets-matter-20140620 |access-date=2023-11-21 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Milton Nkosi |date=11 July 2013 |title=Julius Malema launches Economic Freedom Fighters group |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-23273309 |access-date=17 August 2014 |publisher=Bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Stone|first=Setumo|url=http://www.bdlive.co.za/national/politics/2013/07/11/malema-takes-command-of-economic-freedom-fighters|title=Malema takes command of Economic Freedom Fighters|publisher=BDlive|access-date=17 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160220192603/http://www.bdlive.co.za/national/politics/2013/07/11/malema-takes-command-of-economic-freedom-fighters|archive-date=20 February 2016}}</ref> Before dem form EFF, Julius Malema bin serve as president for African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL) from 2008 until dem expel am from de party for 2012. As kiddie, Malema join ANC early den dey active well-well; dem later elect am as Youth League president for April 2008 under controversial condition. As president, e be early supporter for make South Africa nationalise dem mining industry den take land without pay compensation. E rise enter national prominence as outspoken supporter for Jacob Zuma, wey be ANC president that time den later President of South Africa. But e relationship plus Zuma come spoil serious after plenty disciplinary issues wey ANC carry against am; by 2012, e start dey campaign make dem comot Zuma from office before ANC ein 53rd National Conference. Insyd April dat same year, before de conference happen, ANC expel Malema for say e bring disgrace to de party. De next year, 2013, Malema form EFF den for 2014 dem elect am go National Assembly after EFF win 25 seats for there. Malema ein political career no clean, as e involve insyd plenty legal wahala: court convict am two times for hate speech — one for March 2010 as e talk down on de woman wey accuse Zuma of rape, den anoda for September 2011 as e sing de song “Dubul' ibhunu” (“Shoot de Boer”). For 2012, dem charge Malema plus fraud, money laundering den racketeering.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 September 2012 |title=Charge sheet links Malema, businessman |url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/crime-courts/charge-sheet-links-malema-businessman-1.1389870 |access-date=28 March 2013 |publisher=IOL.co.za}}</ref> After plenty postponement,<ref>{{Citation |last1=Maylie |first1=Devon |title=Zuma Critic Faces South Africa Charges |date=30 November 2012 |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887324020804578149142331646514?mod=googlenews_wsj}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=21 June 2013 |title=Malema trial still going ahead |url=http://www.enca.com/south-africa/strike-malemas-case-roll-laywer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190509084840/https://www.enca.com/south-africa/strike-malemas-case-roll-laywer |archive-date=9 May 2019 |access-date=17 August 2013 |publisher=eNCA}}</ref> de court throw de case out for 2015 sake of how National Prosecuting Authority dey delay am too much.<ref>{{cite news|date=5 August 2015|title=Corruption Case Against Julius Malema, a South African Opposition Leader, Is Dismissed|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/05/world/africa/corruption-case-against-julius-malema-south-african-opposition-leader-is-dismissed.html}}</ref> Dis make some people believe say de charges be political. But for 2018, AfriForum talk say dem go start private prosecution against Malema for de corruption matter. == Early life den education == Malema born on 3 March 1981, for de township of Seshego near Polokwane insyd old Transvaal, wey now be Limpopo region. Ein family na Northern Sotho, ein mommie be domestic worker wey raise am alone. After ein mommie die, ein grandma raise am, but she too die for May 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2019 |title=EFF leader Julius Malema's grandmother passes away |url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/news/south-africa/2019-05-04-eff-leader-julius-malemas-grandmother-passes-away/ |access-date=2022-12-20 |website=Sowetan |language=en-ZA}}</ref> === Student politics === Malema talk say e join de Masupatsela (“trailblazers”) movement under de African National Congress (ANC) as e be nine or ten years. Dem say ein main work by den be to remove National Party ein posters. Malema claim say e get military training when e be 13, but dis one dey questionable as no witness fit confirm am. For 1995, e join ANC Youth League den become chairperson for ein local branch for Seshego plus de regional branch for de broader Capricorn area. By 1997, e become provincial chairperson for Congress of South African Students (COSAS) for Limpopo, den dem elect am national president of COSAS for 2001. === Education === Malema finish high school insyd Mohlakaneng High School insyd Seshego. Insyd 2010, e complete two-year diploma in youth development through University of South Africa (UNISA). Still for UNISA, e finish ein Bachelor of Arts in communications plus African languages for March 2016, den go do Honours degree in philosophy for 2017. Insyd 2018, e enter master’s degree programme for University of the Witwatersrand.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-11-22 |title=Malema will write his master's thesis on why Die Stem must go |url=https://www.citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/malema-will-write-his-masters-thesis-on-why-die-stem-must-go/ |access-date=2022-12-20 |website=The Citizen |language=en}}</ref> == ANC Youth League == === Election as president: April 2008 === By 2008, Malema be de provincial secretary for ANC Youth League (ANCYL) insyd Limpopo, den e be top contender for national president of de league. Outgoing president Fikile Mbalula support Malema ein candidacy, but de outgoing secretary-general Sihle Zikalala rather support de more moderate candidate, Saki Mofokeng. After one hot campaign den chaotic plenary, dem elect Malema as ANCYL president for de league ein 23rd National Conference for Bloemfontein for April 2008. E get 1,833 votes, while Mofokeng get 1,696. E enter office with ein allies like Andile Lungisa wey become deputy president.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2008-04-07 |title=Malema elected as new ANCYL leader |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2008-04-07-malema-elected-as-new-ancyl-leader/ |access-date=2022-12-20 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> But as dem announce de vote results, plentee people challenge am, including some delegates wey claim say intimidation make dem no fit vote. De conference turn rowdy – some delegates even throw chair – den dem no finish de meeting business before dem adjourn. Later Malema criticize de “unbecoming conduct” of delegates. De main ANC party come intervene, den dem organize special closed congress insyd Johannesburg insyd June. ANC secretary general Gwede Mantashe recommend say make Mofokeng accept de April election result, wey Mofokeng later gree do.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=Twala |first=Chitja |date=2010-06-01 |title=The 23rd African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL) conference in Bloemfontein: a Polokwane political hangover? |url=https://journals.co.za/doi/10.10520/EJC28508 |journal=Journal for Contemporary History |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=157–169 |doi=<!-- nope --> |hdl=10520/EJC28508}}</ref> === Support for Zuma: 2008–2010 === By de time dem elect Malema as Youth League president, Malema – like majority of de league ein members – be strong supporter of ANC president Jacob Zuma den outspoken critic of former president Thabo Mbeki. Insyd June 2008, during one rally for Thaba 'Nchu insyd Free State, e defend Zuma wey by den dey face corruption charges. Na there e make de controversial statement wey many condemn: "We are prepared to die for Zuma... We are prepared to take up arms and kill for Zuma." Then for September, Malema vow say dem go "eliminate any force" wey go try stop Zuma from becoming national president.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-09-10 |title=Malema in a froth over Zuma |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2008-09-10-malema-in-a-froth-over-zuma/ |access-date=2022-12-20 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Before de 2009 general election, dem nominate Malema to contest as Member of Parliament, but e turn am down, say Parliament be "for old people". Still, e campaign strong for ANC den for Zuma as de party ein presidential candidate. For April 2009, for example, hospital staff drive Malema den ein team from Dora Nginza Hospital insyd Port Elizabeth after dem dey go round de wards campaign. After de election, Malema start dey visit schools across de country, say e wan engage de youth, but Kgalema Motlanthe – wey be ANC deputy president den also de country ein Deputy President – criticize dis move, say e dey disrupt de students demma learning. Even though Malema still be Zuma ein ally for some months after Zuma win di election as President of South Africa insyd May 2009, dem two later clash publicly by mid-2010. Malema later explain say e turn against Zuma when e realise say Zuma no fit carry out di left-wing policy plans wey make people vote am as ANC president insyd 2007. According to Malema, Zuma begin treat di Youth League harshly only after di League reject am. But some people get different view. Dem believe say Zuma change ein approach towards Malema plus di League insyd 2010—especially when e start disciplinary actions against Malema—because e see say Malema ein outspoken radical behavior fit become political problem or even threat to am. === Disciplinary charges: 2010 === ==== Mounting controversy ==== By early 2010, Zuma start dey face heavy pressure, both from people insyd ANC and from di general public, make e put stop to Malema ein way of dey talk anyhow wey dey cause wahala. ''Mail & Guardian'' report say Zuma dey worry make people no see am like say e no get power or say di Youth League dey control am. Insyd mid-March 2010, ANC Secretary-General Gwede Mantashe talk for media say from dat time go, any ANC member wey go dey fight or insult anoda member for public go face punishment. At dat same time, di ANC National Executive Committee (NEC) release one statement wey complain say some leaders and structures no dey respect NEC ein decisions. Dem say dis kain behavior no fit go well with ANC ein discipline, values and mission. ''News24'' come add say all dis warnings na clearly for Malema, wey don dey insult almost everybody for di ruling alliance leadership. Just recently before di statement, e attack Finance Minister Pravin Gordhan for media. But even after dis announcement, Malema still enta anoda round of controversies wey people hear plenty about, insyd March den early April. De first one get to do plus how Malema sing de controversial struggle song "Dubul' ibhunu" wey e no mind de high court ein ruling, plus some talk wey Malema make about de death of Eugène Terre'Blanche (see down). Second, from 2 go 5 April 2010, Malema lead ANC Youth League delegation go Zimbabwe for controversial work trip. De League talk say dem want use de trip strengthen demma relationship plus ZANU-PF Youth League, plus do fact-finding mission about indigenisation. Malema meet Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe plus some ZANU-PF politicians, den for ein public statements, he talk good about ZANU-PF, compare dem well pass Morgan Tsvangirai ein Movement for Democratic Change (MDC). Ein talk make some people start fear say ANC fit try follow ZANU-PF demma Land reform programme for Zimbabwe; concerns come inside too say de way Malema support one side fit spoil de effort wey Zuma ein government dey make to settle de political matter between ZANU-PF den MDC. City Press talk say some ANC officials tell de Youth League make dem hold on de trip, but Malema tell de media say Zuma himself give dem green light. Plus dat, on 8 April, Malema catch international media demma attention because of how he behave during one clash plus Jonah Fisher, one BBC journalist. For one media briefing about ein visit go Zimbabwe, Malema make mockery of MDC say dem get office for rich people area Sandton, but he vex serious when Fisher cut in talk say Malema himself dey live for Sandton. As dem start exchange words, Malema call Fisher "bastard", "bloody agent", den "small boy". De next day, Malema talk say he no dey feel sorry, call Fisher "disrespectful", den talk say United Kingdom be one country wey demma media always try spoil African leaders demma credibility den integrity. De ANC condemn how Malema behave inside one statement. ==== Rebuke den charges ==== On 10 April 2010, Zuma hold press conference for Durban to talk about dis matter plus some other recent controversies wey involve Malema. People later remember dis press conference as de turning point insyd de relationship between Zuma den Malema, because e be de strongest time wey Zuma take talk against Malema. Concerning "Dubul' ibhunu", Zuma talk say if person go against de high court ein ruling, e go mean say de person dey disobey direct instruction from de ANC, den dat one go mean say de person dey "undermine de leadership of de ANC", e go sana "make mockery of we demma judicial system", den "such thing no for happen". Zuma distance himself from de talk Malema make about Zimbabwe, den he talk say de ANC still dey committed to be neutral for de peace process insyd Zimbabwe. He talk too say de way Malema treat Jonah Fisher be "regrettable and unacceptable", no matter how Fisher behave. Wey broad matter top, Zuma talk say de way Malema dey behave recently no be how ANC people for behave, remind de Youth League say dem dey under ANC demma rules den policies, den e hint say Malema go face internal disciplinary action. Afta Zuma ein press conference, Malema still no change ein stance, den reporters quote am say "even President Thabo Mbeki", wey be Zuma ein former political rival, no ever respond so hard for public "when he no agree plus de Youth League". De following week, de ANC announce say Malema go face formal internal disciplinary process. De charges come from de public talk wey he make about Zuma, plus de acts of bad conduct wey Zuma already mention. Dem carry de case go de ANC National Disciplinary Committee, wey Derek Hanekom dey chair, plus some other ANC leaders wey people dey see say dem no dey support Malema. Inside de hearing, ANC Treasurer-General Mathews Phosa be Malema ein representative. ==== Plea deal ==== Insyd May 2010, Malema agree for plea bargain plus de disciplinary committee. Inside de deal, dem tell am say he for pay R10,000 to support youth development project, attend anger management class, plus go de ANC political school for 20 days. Dem sana tell am make he do public apology to Zuma, de ANC, plus de general public for de way he try disgrace Zuma afta Zuma ein warning. Most of de charges against am drop, but dem still find am guilty say he do public attack on Zuma wey bring division insyd de ANC, against de party demma constitution. De ruling talk say if Malema repeat dis same offence insyd de next two years, den dem go suspend ein ANC membership straight away. === Political views === ==== Caster Semenya saga ==== Insyd spring 2009, Malema come out strong as vocal defender for South African runner Caster Semenya during de international palaver about Semenya ein gender wey happen afta de 2009 World Athletics Championships. He sana defend Athletics South Africa (ASA) president Leonard Chuene, wey allow Semenya make she compete for de championships even after dem tell am say one gender test show say she be intersex person. Malema talk say Chuene no need apologise, say he "do right by lying [about de gender test] just to protect her". He attack Deputy Sports Minister Gert Oosthuizen for saying make dem sack Chuene, den he seriously bash de International Association of Athletics Federations say dem dey try "impose" de idea of intersex on South Africans, wey he say no dey exist insyd Pedi culture. Insyd October 2009, Malema warn say he go "mobilise society" against Nedbank if dem no change demma decision to stop sponsorship for ASA. He suggest, even though Nedbank deny, say de move dey linked to how ASA support Semenya. Because of de whole issue, Anton Alberts from opposition party Freedom Front Plus call on de ANC make dem face reality say Malema be "one dilemma wey dem no fit ignore again". ==== Nationalisation den land expropriation ==== Malema be strong voice wey dey support make South Africa nationalise demma mines. E first talk dis matter for July 2009 during one Youth League rally for Krugersdorp, den he argue say de Freedom Charter dey support nationalisation. South Africa ein big miners union, de National Union of Mineworkers (NUM), too agree plus Malema ein view. For one public meeting for University of Western Cape, Malema ask: "Why we for pay for we land?" After dat, he start talk say dem for take land without paying anything, den scrap de “willing buyer, willing seller” idea. For 16 June Youth Day celebration, Malema accuse white South Africans say dem "steal land", den he repeat ein stand say land for be shared again without compensation. Insyd April 2010, Malema lead one youth group go Venezuela to learn about how dem dey do nationalisation for dat country. Early insyd 2010, Malema tell ANC Youth League members make dem join de South African National Defence Force, den he talk say plans dey ground make Youth League leaders join de reservist programme. Dem confirm de military training for May 2010, den de naval training start plan make e begin for September 2010. === Re-election: June 2011 === As Malema ein first term as president dey near end, people dey expect say he go face strong opposition for ein re-election, most likely from ein deputy Andile Lungisa. Before de next national Youth League conference come, plenty province-level conferences happen wey people contest hard. For Malema ein own home province, Limpopo, de conference turn violent, den reports talk say Malema call police make dem sack ein rivals plus journalists from de venue. But even so, for de Youth League demma national elective conference for Midrand on 17 June 2011, Malema win second term as league president. Nobody challenge am because de one wey people think say go contest, Lebogang Maile, reject nomination. Ronald Lamola then take over from Lungisa as de new deputy league president. === Expulsion: 2011–2012 === ==== Botswana tirade ==== On 31 July 2011, during one press briefing after de ANC Youth League National Executive Committee meet for Boksburg, Malema make some controversial comments about de political situation for Botswana. He talk say de ruling Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) be "foot stool of imperialism, security threat to Africa, den always dey under de control of United States like puppet", den he announce say de Youth League plan set up "Botswana command team" wey go help opposition parties for Botswana unite against de BDP ein "puppet regime". He sana make statement wey people see as hidden attack against Zuma den ein cabinet. He talk say since Thabo Mbeki lef South African government, "ideological den political leadership for Africa get vacuum"; he believe say na dat one cause de problems wey South Africa ein response get for de Libya den Ivory Coast crises. ==== Disciplinary proceedings ==== Malema plus de Youth League pull back de statement dem make about Botswana two weeks later, but Independent Online report say ein comments "finally break de patience of de party ein elders". On 22 August 2011, de ANC announce say Malema dey face charges for bringing de ANC ein name down, den say he go face internal disciplinary action. Dem charge am together plus league spokesman Floyd Shivambu, den later dem add all de top leaders of de Youth League to de charge sheet – deputy president Ronald Lamola, secretary-general Sindiso Magaqa, deputy secretary-general Kenetswe Mosenogi, plus treasurer-general Pule Mabe. When de hearing start on 30 August 2011 for ANC ein headquarters for Luthuli House, insyd central Johannesburg, supporters of Malema wey gather for rally turn violent. Some break through de police barricade den throw glass bottles plus stones give police officers den journalists. Police scatter de crowd by using water cannon, pepper spray, den one warning shot. Senior ANC leaders condemn de violence, den Malema talk to de crowd make dem calm down. ==== Finding den appeals ==== On 10 November, de ANC National Disciplinary Committee, wey Derek Hanekom still chair, announce say dem find Malema guilty of breaking de party ein constitution because of de talk he make about Botswana. Dis include de ones wey "try paint de ANC government plus ein leadership under President Zuma bad for de African agenda matter, den get de power to bring division plus disunity insyd de ANC". Hanekom talk say Malema ein words be "reckless den baseless" den say dem "spoil de image of de ANC plus South Africa demma name for de international level", even though dem no find am guilty for separate charges of racism den incitement of hatred. Shivambu too be guilty for releasing de Youth League ein statement on Botswana, plus for insulting one journalist. Because of all dis, de National Disciplinary Committee suspend Malema from de ANC for five years, den say he for step down from ein position as president of de ANC Youth League. Malema talk for public say he go appeal de ruling, den he bash de disciplinary process say e be political move wey dem dey use to "settle scores". On 4 February 2012, dem dismiss ein appeal, but de committee give am chance to present reasons why dem for reduce de punishment. Afta he talk again, on 29 February, de committee release final decision – dem no only reject Malema ein arguments, but dem expel am from de party completely. Dem talk say apart from being repeat offender, Malema no show any remorse, den he no accept ANC demma decisions, show say "de chance say he go respect de ANC Constitution no dey likely". On 24 April 2012, Malema finish de whole appeal process after Cyril Ramaphosa, wey be chairperson of de internal appeals committee, confirm say dem uphold ein expulsion. == Economic Freedom Fighters == After dem expel Malema from de ANC, he come stand out strong as one of de people wey dey talk against how government handle de August 2012 Marikana massacre. When he visit de place wey de shooting happen, he call make Zuma resign den make dem set up one commission of inquiry. Al Jazeera even raise question whether dis Marikana matter go fit help bring Malema ein political career back to life. Insyd October 2012, Malema go Zimbabwe wey he make some controversial statements. He talk say white people for Africa take over mineral resources wey belong to indigenous people, den say to give compensation to people wey lose land through expropriation be like "you dey thank dem plus money for killing we people". He talk say, "Seeing blood no be wetin dey scare we. As long as de blood go bring we own back to we, we dey ready to reach dat level." === Foundation of Economic Freedom Fighters === Main article: Economic Freedom Fighters Insyd June 2013, Malema start dey campaign for ein new political party wey dem call Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF). South African President Jacob Zuma, during one meeting plus de SA National Editors' Forum, talk say de ruling party no see dis new move as any threat. Even though Malema still dey face court trial for money laundering den racketeering charges, he begin dey ask for support money for de new party. Malema ein visit to Nigerian religious leader T.B. Joshua for 'spiritual blessings' for August 2013, plus some EFF members, bring controversy den draw media attention. Insyd December 2014, during de party ein first national elective conference for Bloemfontein, Malema win de position of EFF president without any challenger. Floyd Shivambu, wey dem sack from de ANC Youth League same time as Malema, win as ein deputy. Both Malema den Shivambu win again without opposition for December 2019. Later, on 15 August 2024, Floyd Shivambu join Jacob Zuma ein MK Party. === Member of Parliament: 2014–2022 === Insyd de 2014 general election, just less than one year after dem launch de party, EFF win 25 seats for National Assembly, wey be de lower house of South Africa ein Parliament. Malema first talk say he go take de election results go court, but in de end he accept am – even though for 2016, he still dey claim say de ANC rig de election for Gauteng. Dem swear Malema in as Member of de National Assembly on 21 May 2014. He win ein seat again for de 2019 general election, den he don sit on different portfolio committees since. Malema get history of being ejected from Parliament several times. For June 2014, dem sack am from de State of de Nation debate because he no gree pull back ein talk say de ANC government kill mineworkers during de Marikana massacre. Again, for 2015 State of de Nation address, he plus some EFF members get ejected after dem shout say dem want question Zuma about de Nkandlagate scandal; Malema talk say South Africa don turn police state. Insyd September 2015, de sergeant-at-arms drag Malema out from de house den suspend am for five days because he no gree withdraw ein statement say Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa be “murderer” based on what happen for Marikana. Dem eject Malema again by force during Zuma ein State of de Nation addresses for both 2016 den 2017. ==== Comments on white genocide conspiracy theory ==== On 23 August 2018, Malema come speak strong against de white genocide conspiracy theory, den he bash United States President Donald Trump for some comments wey he make. Dis happen after Trump tell ein Secretary of State, Mike Pompeo, make he investigate farm attacks wey dey happen for South Africa. Malema talk say na "complete rubbish" to talk say white genocide dey, den he add say "South Africans no go allow Mr Trump intimidate dem". He talk say de way Trump take enter demma land rights matter "just make dem more determined". Same day for one media briefing wey happen for EFF headquarters, Malema talk say "black genocide really dey for de U.S., dem dey kill black people there [...] black people dey killed even for South Africa". He sana claim say "some group of white right-wingers dey get training from Jews for Pretoria to become snipers". After dis, de South African Jewish Board of Deputies release one statement wey condemn Malema ein talk, say de things he talk be "typical attention-seeking behaviour" den say e be move wey fit bring racial tension. ==== Allusions to violence ==== Plenty times, Malema ein talk bring controversy den criticism because of how he dey make reference to or give threats of violence. For one interview wey Al Jazeera show for April 2016, Malema talk say if de ANC government continue dey use violence against peaceful protests, "We go soon run out of patience and we go remove dis government through de barrel of a gun." Because of dis, de ANC go open treason case against am. For one political rally wey happen for November 2016, Malema talk say de EFF "no dey call for slaughter of white people, at least for now". De opposition Democratic Alliance (DA) condemn de talk say e be "violent den threatening language". Malema repeat dis same thing again for 2022, say he no fit "guarantee say he no go ever call for slaughter of white people" for future time. Insyd 2018, during one rally, Malema talk say dem ein plan to remove Athol Trollip from ein role as mayor of Nelson Mandela Municipality be like "cutting de throat of whiteness". DA leader Mmusi Maimane respond say Malema ein words be "racist attacks" den full of "racist hatred". When former Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe die for 2019, Malema post some controversial quotes from Mugabe on Twitter, including de statement, "The only white man you can trust is a dead white man". De South African Human Rights Commission condemn de tweet den talk say dem go take legal action against Malema for spreading hate speech. Then insyd 2021, during one session of de Pan-African Parliament, Malema threaten say he go kill one Member of Parliament from Mali. ==== 2018 Carnilinx scandal ==== Eyewitness News report say de political party leader Julius Malema ein family house for Hyde Park insyd Johannesburg dey owned by, den e dey next door to, controversial cigarette businessman den Carnilinx company executive Adriano Mazzotti. De article add say Mazzotti give EFF R200,000 to register for de 2019 election, plus say Carnilinx ein anoda executive Kyle Phillips give Malema R1 million as loan. Malema talk say ein wife be de one wey dey rent de property, den he lodge one complaint against de media for publishing de location of ein house. ==== Comments on F. W. de Klerk's death ==== Then on 11 November 2021, de day F. W. de Klerk die, Malema tweet say, "Thank you God", plus five dancing emojis (🕺🏾 den 💃), wey people take interpret say e be ein reaction to de death of de Klerk. Malema later praise de government ein decision wey no give de Klerk state funeral. == Involvement insyd state contracts == Reports wey concern Julius Malema ein possible involvement insyd state tenders (contracts) start show for November 2009. De South African media start dey raise questions about how Malema dey live ein personal life. Some analysts talk say dis kind thing fit be wetin dem dey call "tenderpreneur", wey be de early sign of kleptocracy – or predatory behaviour by some people wey dey de ruling elite – to use de system take gather personal wealth by capturing public resources. Insyd August 2010, de Public Protector release one report wey clear Malema say he no get hand for any state tenders for Limpopo. But some people receive de report with doubt. === Threats to journalists === Few weeks after dem first report de tender controversy, de ANC Youth League com release personal details of City Press Investigations Editor Dumisane Lubisi, ein wife plus ein children. Dis details include demma ID numbers, bank info, house address plus car information. Lubisi be de one wey report say de construction work wey Malema ein companies do for Limpopo no be quality work. ANCYL talk say dem get evidence say journalists corrupt in many ways. As response, plenty political journalists write complain go different authorities insyd de ANC plus de South African National Editors’ Forum (SANEF). Dem talk say de release of demma personal info na attempt to intimidate dem make dem no publish more stories, den e be threat to media freedom. Dem still ask how political group like dat take get access to sensitive info without breaking law. De Sowetan newspaper write one editorial wey call de move to silence journalists “tyrannical” den accuse de ANC Youth League say dem dey use dem close connection to state plus institutions to intimidate journalists wey dey report about Malema. SANEF too come release statement support de journalists. Journalists Piet Rampedi plus Adriaan Basson face different threats den intimidation as dem dey report story wey concern Malema ein corruption. === Investigation by de Hawks === As Malema travel go Mauritius for ein friend ein wedding for late October 2011, different South African media report say Malema dey face different corruption, fraud plus money laundering charges. Na de special investigative unit wey dem dey call de Hawks bring de charges. De centre of de accusations be de Ratanang Trust, wey dem talk say Malema set am up den name am after ein pikin. Dem talk say ein pikin plus ein grandmother be de people wey dey benefit from de trust, but dem dey allege say de trust be de main place wey some businessmen wey get political links dey use to pay Malema back for juicy government contracts, mostly for de poor area of Limpopo. Malema deny all wrongdoing, but investigations still dey go on. Insyd September 2012, dem issue arrest warrant for Malema top fraud, money laundering plus corruption matter, connected to one government contract. Dem say de warrant come after investigation about one tender wey dem give EduSolutions for 2010 to share textbooks to students for Limpopo. Dem start de investigation after dem find dumped textbooks close one dam for Giyani. De Special Investigating Unit (SIU), de SA Revenue Service (Sars) plus de elite police unit wey dem dey call de Hawks all join body investigate de case. === Money laundering and tax evasion charges === Insyd 26 September 2012, dem charge Malema for money laundering, wey relate to how dem say he take dey give big government contracts for Limpopo in exchange for alleged R4 million kickback. After dem hear de case for court for Polokwane, dem give am bail wey be R10,000. Insyd 2013, Malema still face another charge—dis time na tax evasion of R16 million, after dem discover say he get links to some companies wey collect other juicy contracts from de Limpopo government. De case base on payments wey enter de Ratanang Family Trust. But by 2014, Malema reach one compromise deal with de tax people (de revenue service). Then for 2016, de revenue service talk say Malema no follow de agreement well, and say he dey owe R18 million in tax arrears, plus extra R2 million interest from tax years 2005 to 2011. Malema reply say de Limpopo property deal no go through, and say based on de 2014 agreement, he don pay all ein debt so he no dey owe again. Insyd February 2013, dem report say dem go auction Malema ein property to recover de R16.1 million debt wey he owe de South African Revenue Service, after he no meet de deadline for paying ein unpaid taxes. Malema then enter anoda agreement to pay de money, but dat deal too collapse for March 2015, after Malema still fail to pay. == Hate speech den other legal issues == === Khwezi hate speech: March 2010 === Insyd January 2009, Malema talk for one student program wey happun for Cape Peninsula University of Technology say Khwezi, de woman wey accuse Jacob Zuma of rape for 2005 (wey court later acquit am), "enjoy de tin" because she remain for morning ask for "breakfast plus taxi money". Dis talk make one non-profit group, Sonke Gender Justice, carry case go Equality Court of South Africa. Then on 15 March 2010, court find Malema guilty of hate speech. Dem order am make he apologise without condition plus pay R50,000 fine to one centre wey dey help women wey dem abuse. === "Shoot the Boer" song: 2010–2022 === Sanso see: Dubul' ibhunu Insyd March 2010 too, Malema sing one part of "Dubul' ibhunu" for rally wey happun for University of Johannesburg. Dis song mean "Shoot de Boer" (wey refer to Afrikaans-speaking white people) for Nguni language. Plenty of ein supporters cheer am while dem dey point finger for air like gun. De song be anti-apartheid one wey ANC Youth League activist Peter Mokaba popularise for 1990s. But de South African Human Rights Commission don already talk since 2007 say de song na hate speech. So as Malema bring am back, e cause serious outrage wey make Afriforum go report de matter. On 26 March 2010, South Gauteng High Court talk say de song "Dubul' ibhunu" be "unconstitutional plus unlawful", even though dis court ruling no relate directly to Malema ein case. Then on 1 April 2010, North Gauteng High Court carry de complaint wey dem file against Malema go Equality Court. Meanwhile, de court put one order wey stop Malema from singing "Dubul' ibhunu" or any other song wey fit push people to violence. Weytin happen next be say, after dem kill Eugène Terre'Blanche on 3 April, de ANC come advise all dem members make dem dey careful if dem wan sing de song again anytime soon, sake of fear say white right-wing people fit blame de ANC. But Malema no mind dem. He still continue dey sing "Dubul' ibhunu" and even make am ein main anthem. Dis be one of de many times wey he no respect party order, and dem take dis matter raise case against am during ANC ein disciplinary proceedings insyd April 2010. ==== Hate speech conviction ==== After many delay, Afriforum ein hate speech complaint against Malema finally reach trial for 2011. ANC strong woman Winnie Madikizela-Mandela even testify in support of Malema. But on 12 September 2011, court find Malema guilty of hate speech. De court no give am criminal punishment but order am make he pay all de legal costs. ==== Hate speech acquittal ==== Insyd 2020, Afriforum take Malema go Equality Court again because he sing "Kill de boer" plus one anoda struggle song wey dem call "Biza a ma'firebrigate". Between de time of de first case wey happen for 2011 den dis new one, Constitutional Court make plenty progress for how dem dey handle hate speech matter, so e override de old judgment. Then insyd November 2022, de court reject Afriforum ein complaint. Dem talk say as Malema sing de song no mean say e be hate speech. De court agree say de lyrics no be something wey dem for take literally. Instead, dem for see am as something wey dey represent resistance to how land dey taken from people for colonial times. === Traffic offence arrest: December 2013 === Insyd December 2013, dem arrest Malema because dem catch am dey speed 215 km/h for ein BMW, even though de speed limit be 120 km/h, along de N1 road near Vanderbijlpark for Gauteng. Dem release am on R5,000 bail. Then for February 2014, court clear am of reckless or negligent driving charge. === Hamas support === Insyd October 2023, Malema talk say if ein party, EFF, win de 2024 elections, dem go support Hamas plus give dem weapons to help free Palestine. E talk say, "when de EFF takes over next year it is going to arm Hamas." Plenty people criticize am for dis talk. Some call am "opportunist", say he dey use de issue to push ein radical ideas and take campaign boost for 2024. == Public image == Malema dey known well for ein strong way of talk—he be powerful speaker. But he too dey make plenty controversial statements, so people dey mock am often. Cartoonists like Zapiro and Jeremy Nell dey draw am wear diaper around 2010. As ein popularity grow, critics start dey call am demagogue and fascist for media. Time Magazine put Malema for de list of ''Least Influential People'' for 2010. But Forbes magazine do de opposite—dem put am for list of ''10 Youngest Power Men in Africa'' for September 2011. Insyd de Sowetan newspaper, Andile Mngxitama describe Malema as opportunist. E write say Malema raise issues like nationalisation and land reform, not to fix dem, but just to deceive poor people wey dey wait for better life under de party wey rule dem for 20 years. E talk say instead of Malema being true leader for poor people, e just dey use politics take get wealth. Between 2010 plus 2013, popular media start dey talk about "de Malema Dilemma" — dis phrase describe de tension between how popular Malema be politically, plus how ein controversial statements dey bring serious consequences. Insyd May 2025, United Kingdom deny Malema ein visa. De British government talk say e be because of bank holiday plus de short notice wey no give dem enough time to process de visa. But Malema talk say de refusal be “political attack”. E come insult de UK and dem monarchy after Queen Elizabeth II ein death. Still for May 2025, during one meeting wey happen for de Oval Office between Donald Trump plus Cyril Ramaphosa, Trump show one video wey contain some of Malema ein controversial talks. Trump use dis video to support ein claim say white farmers for South Africa dey face violence. De full video later appear on de White House ein YouTube page. == Personal life == Malema marry ein long-time girlfriend insyd 2014 insyd ein hometown Seshego. Dem do de ceremony private under strong security. Dem ein first pikin, Munzhedzi, born insyd 2016. De second pikin, Kopano, come born insyd 2018. Malema get anoda son, Ratanang, from ein previous relationship plus Maropeng Ramohlale. Insyd 2011, Malema too date model plus influencer wey dem dey call Lizelle Tabane. == References == [[Category:Living people]] <references /> == Read further == * Fiona Forde. ''An Inconvenient Youth: Julius Malema and the 'New' Politics'' Picador Africa, 2011. {{ISBN|9781770101975}}. Paperback, 274 pages. * Fiona Forde. ''Still An Inconvenient Youth: Julius Malema'' Pan Macmillan South Africa, 1 August 2014. {{ISBN|9781770103962}}. * Floyd Shivambu and Janet Smith. ''The Coming Revolution: Julius Malema And the Fight for Economic Freedom'' Jacana Media, June 2014. {{ISBN|9781431410378}}. Paperback, 288 pages. * Micah Reddy and Pauli van Wyk. ''Malema. Money. Power. Patronage''. Tafelberg, 2025. {{ISBN|9780624090823}}. == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q983163|c=Category:Julius Malema|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * {{cite web |title=Malema's Economic Freedom Fighters |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140918100051/http://effighters.org.za/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140918100051/https://web.archive.org/web/20140918100051/http://effighters.org.za/ |archive-date=18 September 2014}} * {{cite web |title=Julius Malema: Ready to remove Zuma government by force |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/talktojazeera/2016/04/julius-malema-ready-remove-zuma-government-force-160422094620380.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228220013/https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/talktojazeera/2016/04/julius-malema-ready-remove-zuma-government-force-160422094620380.html |archive-date=28 February 2020}} - interview on Al Jazeera English (video, 25 mins) {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Malema, Julius}} [[Category:1981 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:South African people]] [[Category:Anti-Indian racism insyd Africa]] [[Category:Anti-white racism insyd Africa]] [[Category:University of South Africa alumni]] [[Category:Northern Sotho people]] [[Category:People wey komot Polokwane Local Municipality]] [[Category:Economic Freedom Fighters politicians]] [[Category:People dem convict of hate crimes]] [[Category:Racism insyd Africa]] [[Category:South African nationalists]] [[Category:South African anti-Zionists]] [[Category:South African pan-Africanists]] [[Category:South African Marxists]] [[Category:South African socialists]] [[Category:South African politicians dem convict of crimes]] [[Category:South African political party founders]] [[Category:Anti-imperialism insyd Africa]] [[Category:Members of de National Assembly of South Africa 2024–2029]] [[Category:Members of de National Assembly of South Africa 2019–2024]] [[Category:Members of de National Assembly of South Africa 2014–2019]] iypdtu8zj8i26dwhztyrjl4kssasauz 0 19447 112481 80306 2026-09-25T00:51:47Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112481 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fana Mokoena''' (wey dem born on 13 May 1971) be South African actor plus political activist. E serve as Member of Parliament — first as delegate go de National Council of Provinces from May 2014 to August 2016, represent ein home province Free State. After dat, dem move am go National Assembly wey e serve from August 2016 till e resign for October 2020. But for 2024, after de National and Provincial Elections, Mokoena return back go parliament. Mokoena be one of de founding members of de Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) party, den e serve too for de party ein central command team. == Early life den education == Dem born Fana Mokoena on 13 May 1971 insyd Kroonstad insyd Free State, South Africa. E grow insyd Kroonstad, but later ein mommie plus ein step-poppie carry am go Johannesburg where dem raise am plus ein three siblings. De last three years of ein high school, e go Woodmead School<ref>{{cite web |title=Woodmead School details |url=https://www.artefacts.co.za/main/Buildings/bldgframes.php?bldgid=12819}}</ref> — de first fully multi-racial school for de country — na there ein love for de arts start. Mokoena later go study Theatre and Performance for University of Cape Town, wey e later qualify too for Media Studies.<ref name="MG2">{{cite news|last1=Zvomuya|first1=Percy|last2=Moya|first2=Fikile Ntsikelelo|title=Chirping classes: Fighting for freedom in Mokoena's blood|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2013-10-24-chirping-classes-fighting-for-freedom-in-mokoenas-blood/|accessdate=5 August 2020|newspaper=Mail & Guardian|date=24 October 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514034645/https://mg.co.za/article/2013-10-24-chirping-classes-fighting-for-freedom-in-mokoenas-blood|archivedate=14 May 2019}}</ref> == Acting career == E start ein acting career as full member of Playhouse Theatre company for 1993, den for 1994 e make ein first TV appearance for South African TV film ''The Line''.<ref name="DRUM">{{cite news|last1=Dyomfana|first1=Bulelani|title=9 'Generations' actors: Where are they now?|url=https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/9-generations-actors-where-are-they-now-20191219|accessdate=5 August 2020|work=City Press|location=South Africa|date=19 December 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805195338/https://www.news24.com/drum/celebs/9-generations-actors-where-are-they-now-20191219|archivedate=5 August 2020}}</ref> For 1997, Mokoena act small role insyd thriller ''Dangerous Ground''. Insyd 1999, e play Thula for popular South African TV drama ''Yizo Yizo''. Insyd 2004, e act de role of Rwandan general Augustin Bizimungu for de film ''Hotel Rwanda''.<ref name="BBC">{{cite news|last1=Harding|first1=Andrew|title=Fana Mokoena's dilemma: Interstellar or revolution in South Africa?|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-31026575|accessdate=5 August 2020|publisher=BBC News|date=29 January 2015}}</ref> From 2006 go 2009, e play de role of Jaws Bengu for South African series ''The LAB''. Then for 2008, e appear small for series ''Silent Witness''. Insyd 2010, Mokoena act Capt. James Sikobi for South African drama ''A Small Town Called Descent''. Then for 2011, e appear for action-biography film ''Machine Gun Preacher'', wey e act as John Garang plus Gerard Butler.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/Archives/City-Press/World-War-Zs-Fana-Mokoena-joins-EFFs-celeb-supporters-20150430|title=World War Z's Fana Mokoena joins EFF's celeb supporters|accessdate=5 August 2020|newspaper=News24 (City Press)|date=11 July 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805204640/https://www.news24.com/news24/Archives/City-Press/World-War-Zs-Fana-Mokoena-joins-EFFs-celeb-supporters-20150430|archivedate=5 August 2020}}</ref> Insyd 2012, e play small role insyd thriller ''Safe House'' wey get Denzel Washington.<ref name="MG">{{cite news|title=Fana Mokoena: Hitting the big time with Pitt|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2013-07-11-fana-mokoena-hitting-the-big-time-with-pitt/|accessdate=5 August 2020|work=Mail & Guardian|date=11 July 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103012837/https://mg.co.za/article/2013-07-11-fana-mokoena-hitting-the-big-time-with-pitt/|archivedate=3 November 2013}}</ref> Insyd 2013, Mokoena act Thierry Umutoni alongside Brad Pitt for zombie blockbuster ''World War Z''. Still that year, e play anti-apartheid fighter Govan Mbeki for de film ''Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom'' plus Idris Elba. == Accolades den awards == Mokoena dey receive plenty awards insyd de entertainment industry both insyd South Africa and abroad. E win Best Actor Award for South African Film den Television Awards (SAFTA) for ein role insyd The LAB. E sana win Best Actor in Supporting Role for African Movie Academy Awards (AMAA) wey dem do insyd Lagos, Nigeria, for ein role insyd ''Man On Ground.'' == Ein life matter == Insyd 1976, Mokoena ein mommie, Arcillia Mekodi Mokoena, dem detain am plus put am for solitary confinement under de Apartheid regime sake of political activism.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Security and related trials in South Africa - July 1976 - May 1977 |url=https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/Digitization/48437NCJRS.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426142916/https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/Digitization/48437NCJRS.pdf |archive-date=2021-04-26}}</ref> Dem arrest am say she incite student protest for one school inside Kroonstad wey she dey teach, wey be solidarity protest to support de 1976 Soweto Student Uprising. Dis uprising lead to plenty student demma death under de Apartheid regime. Dis happen as violent protests break out across de country against de oppressive use of Afrikaans as language for teaching, plus many other issues. Dem torture Mokoena ein mommie both physically and emotionally, wey leave am scarred, but she dey alive den dey well insyd QwaQwa. She be political veteran by ein own right,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Black Politics in Kroonstad: Political Mobilisation, Protests, Local Government, and Generational Struggles, 1976 – 1995 |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/39670838.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171202194748/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/39670838.pdf |archive-date=2017-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-06-12 |title=The Black Consciousness Movement and student demonstration: Kroonstad 1976 |url=https://aidc.org.za/black-conciousness-movement-student-demonstration-kroonstad-1976/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=AIDC {{!}} Alternative Information & Development Centre |language=en-US}}</ref> den her son, Fana Mokoena, follow her footsteps for political activism. Mokoena be de senior brother to de late Karabelo Israel Mokoena, Tlotlisang Dipallo Charity Pigou (née Mokoena), den Mamello Blessings Relebohile Mokoena. Mokoena ein step-poppie, Elias Bhuti Mokoena, dey late, den ein mommie ein senior sister, Khasiane Alrina Ntloko,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-09 |title=Mother of EFF's Fana Mokoena, Khasiane Ntloko has died |url=https://news365.co.za/khasiane-ntloko/ |access-date=2021-08-12 |website=News365.co.za |language=en-US}}</ref> too dey late. Mokoena regard dis ein aunty like ein real mommie, because she raise am while ein real mommie dey incarceration, den later go school den work for other places. Mokoena always call Khasiane warmly as "Mada". == Politics == Mokoena first join African National Congress (ANC), but later comot from dem because he believe say corruption dey demma system. After dat, he become one of de founding members of Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF), where he still dey serve as member for de party ein Central Command Team. Between 2014 plus 2016, Mokoena serve insyd de National Council of Provinces (NCOP), wey be South Africa ein upper house of Parliament. Then for 2016, dem appoint am go de National Assembly, de lower house, as one MP from Free State. For de 2019 general elections, Mokoena win ein second term as MP, as EFF nearly double demma seats.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bhengu|first1=Cebelihle|title=MP Fana Mokoena reflects on EFF's growth: 'The party has shown tenacity & resilience'|url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2019-12-09-mp-fana-mokoena-reflects-on-effs-growth-the-party-has-shown-tenacity-resilience/|accessdate=5 August 2020|newspaper=TimesLIVE|date=9 December 2019}}</ref> But on 16 October 2020, Mokoena resign from de National Assembly. Still, he remain for de Central Command Team insyd de EFF as part of de War Council, wey be de party ein operational authority. After eight years wey he no dey act because of politics, Mokoena return go de Film plus Television industry as writer plus producer. Ein company, Praise Poet Pictures, dey work on some international productions. He dey back on television too, now dey act lead role as Vukile Kubheka for de popular South African soap opera ''Scandal!'', wey bring am back to de entertainment spotlight. == Filmography == * ''52 Regent East'' (1993) as Lead * ''The Line'' (1994) as Tebogo * ''Inside'' (1996) as Prisoner (voice) * ''Dangerous Ground'' (1997) as Youth * ''Generations'' (1999) as Dr. Mandla Sithole * ''Jump the Gun'' (1999) as Man in shacks * ''In My Country'' (2004) as Mandla (uncredited) * ''Hotel Rwanda'' (2004) as General Bizimungu * ''Cuppen'' (2006) as Madoda * ''The LAB'' (2006–2009, South African TV series) as Jaws Bengu * ''Silent Witness'' (2008) as Katembula * ''Wild at Heart'' (2008-2010, TV Series) as Mr Ekotto * ''A Small Town Called Descent'' (2010) as Captain James Sikobi * ''State of Violence'' (2010) as Bobedi * ''Hopeville'' (2010) as Mogapi Khobane * ''Machine Gun Preacher'' (2011) as John Garang * ''Man on Ground'' (2011) as Timothi * ''Inside Story'' (2011) as Goodwill * ''Safe House'' (2012) as Officer in charge * ''World War Z'' (2013) as Thierry Umutoni * ''Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom'' (2013) as Govan Mbeki * ''Cold Harbour'' (2013) as Specialist * ''The Call'' (2015) as Sibongiseni * ''The Book of Negroes'' (2015) as Allasane * ''Scandal!'' (2021-2022) as Vukile Kubheka == References == [[Category:Living people]] <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060221180334/http://server.mg.co.za/art/2002/2002may/020531-soapie.html The stuff soaps are made of], ''Mail & Guardian'', 31 May 2002 * [[imdbname:0596350|Fana Mokoena]] at IMDb * [http://www.tvsa.co.za/actorprofile.asp?actorid=4449 TVSA Actor Profile] * [http://www.pa.org.za/person/lehlohonolo-goodwill-mokoena/ Lehlohonolo Goodwill Mokoena] at People's Assembly *{{cite web |title=Mr Lehlohonolo Goodwill Mokoena |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805211456/https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/238 |website=Parliament of South Africa |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805211456/https://web.archive.org/web/20200805211456/https://www.parliament.gov.za/person-details/238 |archivedate=5 August 2020}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mokoena, Fana}} [[Category:Human]] [[Category:1971 births]] [[Category:South African people]] [[Category:People wey komot Kroonstad]] [[Category:South African Sotho people]] [[Category:South African male film actors]] [[Category:South African male television actors]] [[Category:Best Supporting Actor Africa Movie Academy Award winners]] [[Category:Economic Freedom Fighters politicians]] [[Category:University of Cape Town alumni]] [[Category:Members of de National Assembly of South Africa 2014–2019]] [[Category:Members of de National Assembly of South Africa 2019–2024]] aak3sfan99ttqw7eh28tm43mnt5uisr 0 19599 112471 82578 2026-09-25T00:38:56Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112471 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dani Wadada Nabudere''' (15 December 1932 – 9 November 2011) be Ugandan academic, Pan-Africanist, lawyer, politician, author, political scientist, den development specialist. By de time wey he pass away, he be professor insyd Islamic University plus executive director for Marcus Garvey Pan-Afrikan Institute, Mbale, Uganda. Ein political, intellectual plus community work cover more than half century of public activism. He be speaker, mobilizer, den person wey write plenty. Some of de matters wey he involve himself inside be food security, peace, knowledge heritages, Africa ein contribution to make de world more humane, lifelong learning, cross-border solidarities, international political economy, Pan-Africanism, protection of de commons, cognitive justice, community places of knowledge, restorative governance, economy, den justice. Professor Nabudere be Minister of Justice insyd Uganda insyd 1979, den Minister of Culture, Community Development, plus Rehabilitation for Uganda between 1979–1980 under de UNLF Interim Government of Uganda. He be one of de early Presidents for African Association of Political Science,<ref name="obituary">{{cite journal |last1=Tandon |first1=Yash |date=June 2012 |title=Dani Wadada Nabudere, 1932–2011: an uncompromising revolutionary |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42003279 |journal=Review of African Political Economy |volume=39 |issue=132 |page=336 |doi=10.1080/03056244.2012.688645 |hdl=10.1080/03056244.2012.688645 |jstor=42003279 |access-date=6 February 2024 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> den from 1985 go 1988 he be Vice-President for International Political Science Association (IPSA). He be de founder plus principal insyd Marcus Garvey Pan-Afrikan Institute (MPAI), Mbale, Uganda. Insyd de last ten years of ein life, Nabudere dey work to build grassroots organizations wey go help rural communities den give dem voice on matters wey affect demma lives.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Dani Wadada Nabudere |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9QqHFqR3NqgC |title=The Crash of International Finance-Capital and Its Implications for the Third World |author2=Yash Tandon |date=30 September 2009 |publisher=Fahamu/Pambazuka |isbn=978-1-906387-43-3 |accessdate=9 November 2011}}</ref> == Biography == === Early life === Dem born Dani Wadada Nabudere insyd 15 December 1932 for Budadiri, Uganda, into one family from Bumayamba village, Buyobo.<ref name="Hansard2011">[https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/views/dea3dd9d-1a1e-41a5-82ab-e75033267734%253B1.0 Parliamentary Debates (Hansard), Issue 6, Uganda]. Parliament, Government Printer. Kampala, 2011. p.1916, Thursday, 10 November 2011.</ref> Nabudere go school for Bugisu before he graduate from Aggrey Memorial College, Bunamwaya. He work as postal clerk for some years before he apply go study law insyd United Kingdom.<ref name="Observer2006">{{Cite web |title=The Observer Media Ltd. :: The Weekly Observer :: Uganda's Top Resource site |url=http://archive.observer.ug/specials/prison/prison200611231.php |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20241202014441/http://archive.observer.ug/specials/prison/prison200611231.php |archive-date=2024-12-02 |access-date=2025-10-26 |website=archive.observer.ug}}</ref> Insyd early 1960s, he travel go England to study law, wey he take get Bachelor of Laws Degree insyd 1963, plus he get admission as Barrister at Law for Lincoln's Inn, London.<ref name="Hansard20112">[https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/views/dea3dd9d-1a1e-41a5-82ab-e75033267734%253B1.0 Parliamentary Debates (Hansard), Issue 6, Uganda]. Parliament, Government Printer. Kampala, 2011. p.1916, Thursday, 10 November 2011.</ref><ref name="Wakholi2012">{{Citation |last=wakholi |first=peter wakholipeter |title=Nabudere, Dani Wadada |date=2011-01-01 |work=Dictionary of African Biography |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001/acref-9780195382075-e-1485 |access-date=2025-09-25 |publisher=Oxford University Press |language=en |doi=10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001/acref-9780195382075-e-1485 |isbn=978-0-19-538207-5}}</ref> === Insyd Ugandan Independence movement === Nabudere enter national political scene for Uganda insyd 1960s. As student for London insyd 1961, he be member for Executive Committee of de United Kingdom Uganda Students Association (UGASA) together plus Yash Tandon, Ateker Ejalu, Chango Machyo, den Edward Rugumayo—wey all later come play big role insyd Uganda ein history. UGASA dey work to raise de political awareness of young Ugandans wey dey study or work for UK plus Europe. One key activity for de organization be to lobby British parliamentarians make Uganda get independence.<ref name="pambazuka.net">{{Cite web |date=5 March 2016 |title=Nabudere: An uncompromising revolutionary &#124; Pambazuka News |url=http://www.pambazuka.net/en/category.php/obituary/83570 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304100437/http://www.pambazuka.net/en/category.php/obituary/83570 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=25 August 2015}}</ref> === Activism under de Obote government === When he come back from UK insyd 1964, he quick start fall out of favour plus Uganda People's Congress (UPC). De UPC be radical nationalist party. Demma Secretary-General by dat time, John Kakonge, get strong communist orientation, den plenty youth members for de party support am, including Nabudere. Insyd de Gulu Conference of de party insyd 1964, Milton Obote plus de mainstream leadership use strategy override de left wing.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tandon |first=Yash |date=2012 |title=Dani Wadada Nabudere, 1932–2011: an uncompromising revolutionary |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42003279 |journal=Review of African Political Economy |volume=39 |issue=132 |pages=335–341 |issn=0305-6244}}</ref> Nabudere too be Marxist socialist, but de UPC government for dat time stand against communism. So insyd 1965, dem expel am from de party together plus Kirunda Kivejinja, Jaberi Bidandi-Ssali, den Kintu Musoke. But even after dem expel am from UPC, Nabudere still oppose de Obote side plus ein radical views. Around dat same period, Nabudere plus Raiti Omongin form de first Maoist Party inside Uganda. During dis time too, Nabudere play important role for de talks to unite Zanzibar plus Tanganyika. When Obote cancel political parties den declare one-party state for 1969, Nabudere suffer because of how he still dey do party activism. Earlier for 1963, Nabudere form one activist group for Mbale wey dem call Uganda Vietnam Solidarity Committee to campaign against American imperialism plus aggression for Vietnam. Insyd September 1965, one member insyd Uganda Parliament accuse Nabudere say he dey plan "communist plot" to overthrow de government. Then for December 1969, after one attack happen on Obote ein life during UPC congress, dem arrest Nabudere plus some others, den put dem for detention under de Emergency Laws. Dem release am around late November 1970. === Under Idi Amin government === When Idi Amin take power for January 1971, some Ugandans wey dey left-wing decide make dem work plus Amin ein government, but dem quick lose hope, den starting from Rugumayo, plenty of dem resign from government for 1972. Idi Amin appoint Nabudere insyd 1971 as East Africa Railways and Harbours chairman wey base for Nairobi, Kenya, but for 1974, as protest against Amin ein brutal ways, Nabudere resign den move go Tanzania, where he become one of de leaders for de anti-Amin resistance movement. === 1970s: Dar Es Salaam Exile & D''e Debate'' === As academic person, Nabudere play important role for at least three debates wey get political den educational meaning for University of Dar es Salaam for late 1960s go through de 1970s decade. Dis academic plus public debates catch attention during dat period, wey be era of newly independent African states, where political leaders like Julius Nyerere, Kwame Nkrumah, or Sekou Touré, plus academics like Nabudere, Mamdani, or Cheikh Anta Diop all dey struggle to push forward either some forms of African Socialism, Marxism, Pan-African ideologies, or dem dey try adapt western Development theory into African setting.<ref name="Tsmondo1975">{{Cite journal |last=Tsomondo |first=Micah S. |date=December 1975 |title=From Pan-Africanism to Socialism: The Modernization of an African Liberation Ideology |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/african-issues/article/abs/from-panafricanism-to-socialism-the-modernization-of-an-african-liberation-ideology/6EFC759EB50451771317CD0C6E196224 |journal=African Issues |language=en |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=39–45 |doi=10.2307/1166523 |issn=0047-1607}}</ref> De first debate be about Tanzania, de direction wey e dey go, den how e fit show way give de rest of Africa toward de final goal of socialism. Dis debate happen mainly among Tanzanian radicals, but sometimes people from outside like Walter Rodney den Nabudere join inside.<ref name="Nursey-Bray1980">{{Cite journal |last=Nursey-Bray |first=P. F. |date=1980 |title=Tanzania: The Development Debate |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/721632 |journal=African Affairs |volume=79 |issue=314 |pages=55–78 |issn=0001-9909}}</ref> De second one be debate wey happen mostly among African members of de teaching staff for de University, especially for de Faculty of Social Sciences. Dem dey discuss how de current way wey dem dey teach de disciplines fit be questioned den changed make e reflect African context plus conditions. De third debate be among mainly Ugandan people wey dey “de Hill” (wey be how dem dey call Makerere University), plus some wey dey exile insyd East Africa, den sometimes people from outside East Africa too go join. Dis debate get part inspiration from Nabudere ein book ''Imperialism and Revolution in Uganda'' (1980), plus de critique wey Mahmood Mamdani, Harkishan Bhagat, den Karim Hirji do on top. Later on, dem compile de discussions into one book wey dem call ''The Dar es Salaam Debate on Class, State and Imperialism'' (1982), wey Yash Tandon edit, plus foreword from Mohammad Babu, de well-known Marxist revolutionary from Zanzibar. Dis debate carry intellectual, teaching (pedagogical), political den strategic importance — not only insyd Uganda but insyd Africa as whole, plus de third world. De true importance of de debate wey no too clear by de time e dey happen, come shine well well for de early part of 1979, as de same matters wey dem dey discuss come turn serious political issues after Amin invade Tanzania for December 1978. Tanzania fight am back, but President Julius Nyerere wey be Tanzania ein leader come face one heavy choice: make e carry ein army go Kampala, wey go make am look like say dem dey occupy Uganda, or make e try gather all de Ugandan political groups to form one united front to lead de country. E choose de second option. But to bring all de different Ugandan factions together no be easy at all — e turn wahala.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pambazuka - Nabudere: An uncompromising revolutionary |url=http://www.pambazuka.net/en/category.php/obituary/83570 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304100437/http://www.pambazuka.net/en/category.php/obituary/83570 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |access-date=2025-09-25 |website=www.pambazuka.net |language=en}}</ref> === De Gang of Four den de Ugandan National Liberation Front === Insyd ein account of de time wey de Uganda National Liberation Front (UNLF) take dey active — de political group wey Ugandan exiles form to remove Amin — Prof. Edward Rugumayo (wey later become chairman for UNLF ein ruling council) talk say Nabudere play central role for how dem form de liberation group. When dem establish de UNLF plus form ein ruling body wey dem call de National Consultative Council (NCC), dem elect Nabudere as chairman for de political plus diplomatic committee. E come turn key leader for de NCC together plus Edward Rugumayo, Yash Tandon, den Omwony Ojwok. People come dey call dem ‘de Gang of Four’, as reference to de Chinese Communist ruling group wey dem call Gang of Four during de Chinese Cultural Revolution.<ref name="Golooba-Mutebi">{{cite journal |last=Golooba-Mutebi |first=Frederick |date=January 2008 |title=Collapse, War and Reconstruction in Uganda. An analytical narrative on state-making |url=http://www.lse.ac.uk/international-development/Assets/Documents/PDFs/csrc-working-papers-phase-two/wp27.2-collapse-war-and-reconstruction-in-uganda.pdf |journal=Makerere University Crisis States Working Papers Series |issue=2 |issn=1749-1800}}</ref> Under de interim government of de UNLF, Nabudere get ministerial post two times: insyd 1979 e be Minister of Justice, den from 1979 to 1980 e serve as Minister of Culture, Community Development den Rehabilitation.<ref name="Golooba-Mutebi" /> De first UNLF administration under President Yusuf Lule last only about six to eight days. Insyd September 1979, dem comot am through vote of no confidence inside de transitional parliament (de NCC) wey Edward Rugumayo chair. Dem replace am democratically plus put President Godfrey Binaisa. Later, na de Binaisa government too dem remove from power through de Military Commission of de UNLF, wey Paulo Muwanga and Yoweri Museveni lead — dem probably get support from Tanzania. '''De 1980s den post-NRM era''' Afta de army coup wey happen insyd 12 May 1980 wey overthrow Binaisa plus put Paulo Muwanga insyd power, Nabudere flee go exile, just like how de other three members of de 'Gang of Four' too do. Insyd 1982, Nabudere move go Helsingør insyd Denmark, wey e come dey teach insyd one Folk High School. Dis time turn one of de most productive periods for ein academic life. E write one manuscript wey pass 300 pages wey e call ''The Rise and Fall of Money Capital''. Dem publish am for 1990 under one organisation wey dem call ''Africa in Transition'' — dis group na Yash Tandon plus ein brother Vikash Tandon dem start am. De book be one deep critique of money wey challenge de ideas of Marx, Engels, Hilferding, Rosa Luxemburg den Keynes. Nabudere do historical analysis of how money rise just as money (wey be different from how e turn capital), plus e predict say one day money go override capital, but later self money go collapse as credit instrument. Dis exact thing na wetin happen for de first ten years of de 21st century, wey people now dey call “financialization of capital”. Nabudere already foresee dis thing during ein research den writing time insyd Helsingør. Later, dem publish summary of de book through Fahamu, under de title ''The Crash of International Finance-Capital and Its Implications for the Third World'' (2009), wey Yash Tandon write foreword give am.<ref name="Simon2012">{{Cite journal |last=Simon |first=David |date=2012-06-01 |title=Remembering Dani Wadada Nabudere |url=https://scienceopen.com/hosted-document?doi=10.1080/03056244.2012.688646 |journal=Review of African Political Economy |language=en |volume=39 |issue=132 |doi=10.1080/03056244.2012.688646 |issn=0305-6244}}</ref> Nabudere live insyd exile till 1993 wey President Museveni invite am make e come back to de country make e join de Constituent Assembly (CA).<ref>{{cite web |title=Prof. Nabudere |url=http://independent.co.ug/obituary/4-obituary/4914-prof-nabudere |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035601/http://independent.co.ug/obituary/4-obituary/4914-prof-nabudere |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=14 January 2022 |website=independent.co.ug}}</ref> As Nabudere return, e turn very outspoken critic of Museveni. During de CA sessions, Nabudere plenty times lead members of de Assembly comot for walkouts anytime dem no agree plus de other CA members. E later join hand plus Aggrey Awori form de National Caucus for Democracy (NCD), wey be pressure group wey dey operate insyd de CA. '''De MPAI den Afrikology''' Nabudere be de person wey found de Marcus Garvey Pan-Afrikan Institute (MPAI) for Mbale, Uganda. De main aim of dis institute be make e serve as place wey dem go keep knowledge about African science, philosophy, medicine plus other indigenous African knowledge wey Nabudere call "Afrikology". Later, MPAI turn to university, wey Nabudere be de first Chancellor-Designate.<ref name="Nabudere2003">Nabudere, Dani W. [https://pdfproc.lib.msu.edu/?file=/DMC/African+Journals/pdfs/political+science/volume8n1/ajps008001002.pdf "Towards the establishment of a Pan-African university: A strategic concept paper."] African Journal of Political Science 8, no. 1 (2003): 1-30.</ref> == Death == Afta e battle diabetes plus high blood pressure, Nabudere die at ein house during de early hours of 9 November 2011. E lef ein wife, ein son, den others behind.<ref name="DailyMonitor">{{Cite web |date=2021-01-24 |title=Prof. Nabudere is dead |url=https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/prof-nabudere-is-dead-1503136 |access-date=2025-10-26 |website=Monitor |language=en}}</ref> == Notable publications == === Books === * The Political Economy of Imperialism, 1976, Tanzania Publishing House and Zed Press, London; * Essays on the theory and practice of Imperialism, 1979, Onyx Press, London; * Imperialism in East Africa, 1980, Zed Press, London (in two volumes); * Imperialism and Revolution in Uganda, 1980, Onyx Press, London; * The Crash of International Finance Capital and its implications for the Third World, SAPES Trust, 1989, Harare, Zimbabwe; * Democracy and the One-Party State in Africa, Institut Für Afrika Kunde, Hamburg, Germany, 1989; Co-edited with P. Meynes; * The Rise and Fall of Money Capital, 1990, Afrika in Trust, Harare/London; * Uganda Referendum 2000: Winners and Losers, Monitor Publications, Kampala; * Pan-Africanism and Integration in Africa, 2002, SAPES Publications, Harare, Zimbabwe, co-edited with Ibbo Mandaza; * The Global Capitalist Crisis and the Way Forward for Africa, Kampala, 2009. * The Crash of International Finance Capital and its implications for the Third World, Republished by Ufahamu, London, 2009. * Afrikology, Philosophy, and Wholeness: An Epistemology, Africa Institute of South Africa, PRETORIA, February 2011. === Oda Selected writings === * [http://www.mail-archive.com/ugandanet@kym.net/msg19023.html Government should be clear on Obote] * [https://books.google.com/books?id=v2jsIFo183cC&pg=PA33 Development theories, knowledge production and emancipatory practice] Chapter in 'The development decade? economic and social change in South Africa, 1994–2004', Vishnu Padayachee, * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230805154102/http://fahamubooks.org/book/?GCOI=90638100417930 The Crash of International Finance-Capital and its Implications for the Third World] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230805154102/http://fahamubooks.org/book/?GCOI=90638100417930|date=2023-08-05}} * [http://www.mail-archive.com/ugandanet@kym.net/msg10931.html Brave Faces Won't Resolve New Crisis] == References == <references /> == External links == * {{cite web |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111206153310/http://www.bankie.info/content/cad.pdf |title= "Cheikh Anta Diop: The social sciences, humanities, physical and natural sciences and transdisciplinarity" |url-status= usurped |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20111206153310/https://web.archive.org/web/20111206153310/http://www.bankie.info/content/cad.pdf |archivedate= 2011-12-06 }}&nbsp;{{small|(569&nbsp;KB)}} International Journal of African Renaissance Studies. University of South Africa Press. pp.&nbsp;6–34. 2 (1) 2007. ISSN: Print 1818-6874, {{doi|10.1080/18186870701384269}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nabudere, Dani Wadada}} [[Category:1932 births]] [[Category:2011 deaths]] [[Category:Ugandan people]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Academic staff of de Islamic University insyd Uganda]] [[Category:20th-century Ugandan lawyers]] [[Category:Ugandan expatriates insyd de United Kingdom]] [[Category:Government ministers of Uganda]] [[Category:Ugandan socialists]] [[Category:Ugandan pan-Africanists]] [[Category:Ugandan Africanists]] [[Category:Academic staff of de University of Dar es Salaam]] [[Category:Academic staff of Makerere University]] [[Category:Ugandan expatriates insyd Tanzania]] [[Category:Ugandan expatriates insyd Denmark]] lziztqaea45aafqzwvm14sjhypl8si3 0 19981 112500 78522 2026-09-25T01:17:36Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112500 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''James Ikechukwu Esomugha''', dem popularly know am as '''Jim Iyke''' (born 25 September 1976),<ref>{{Cite web|last=Okonkwo|first=Oge|date=2013-09-25|title=Aww, love SO sweet: Actress, Nadia Buari's tweets at Jim Iyke on his birthday|url=https://ynaija.com/aww-love-so-sweet-actress-nadia-buaris-tweets-at-jim-iyke-on-his-birthday-read/|access-date=2022-05-08|website=YNaija|language=en-GB}}</ref> be a Nigerian actor den one of de stars of de movie ''Last Flight to Abuja''. == Early life den education == Na dem born am insyd Libreville, [[Gabon]]. Ein parents, komot from Ogwugwu Village insyd Enugwu-Agidi town of Anambra State, na dem change dema name from Okolue to Esomugha. He be de only boy insyd a family of eight kiddies. Na he attend secondary school insyd F. G. C. Kwali [[Abuja]] from 1985 to 1991, then he earn a diploma insyd Banking den Finance den a BSc insyd philosophy from de University of Jos, Plateau State. == Career == Jim Iyke begin dey act insyd 1998. As of October 2013, na he be one of de highest paid actors insyd Nollywood, na he appear insyd over 150 films.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=21 April 2019|title=Nollywood actor Jim Iyke poses with son|url=https://punchng.com/nollywood-actor-jim-iyke-poses-with-son/|access-date=19 May 2019|website=Punch Newspapers}}</ref> Na he start a movie production company, ''Untamed Productions'' insyd 2007, wey he sanso get ein own music record label, Untamed Records.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Untamed Productions|url=http://www.jimiykesworld.com/untamed/|publisher=Jim Iyke's World: Official Website}}</ref> Ein first album, dem title ''Who Am I?'', feature sam of Nigeria ein top musicians, such as TuFace Idibia den Sound Sultan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Download link for 'Who am I' by Jim Iyke feat Tuface|url=http://waptrick.com/download/Jim-Iyke-Ft-2face/Who-Am-I/?type=P&id=201853&lang=UD|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013153053/http://waptrick.com//|archive-date=13 October 2020|access-date=2 October 2013|publisher=Waptrick}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-07-28|title=This is STYLE. This is how I understand it - Jim Iyke|url=http://xclusive.ng/style-how-i-understand-it/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012181927/http://xclusive.ng/style-how-i-understand-it/|archive-date=12 October 2017|access-date=2020-03-20|website=Xclusive Magazine|language=en-GB}}</ref> == Filmography == [[File:DJA_&_JIM_IYKE.jpg|thumb|DJ Abass den Jim Iyke]] {| class="wikitable" !Year !Title !Role !Director !Ref |- |2006 |''the High Class'' |Prince's Orderly |Afam Okereke | |- |2007 |''A Better Place'' |Festus |Tchidi Chikere | |- |2008 |''The Shepherd'' |Raymond |Nonso Ekene Okonkwo | |- |2009 |Royal Madness |Ikoku |Nonso Ekene Okonkwo | |- |2010 |''Between Kings and Queens'' |Nnanna |Joy Dickson |<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-01-14 |title=Between Kings and Queens |url=https://jimiykesworld.com/between-kings-and-queens/ |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=Jim Iyke's World |language=en-US}}</ref> |- |2012 |''Last Flight to Abuja'' |David |Obi Emelonye |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Roger |date=June 18, 2020 |title=Netflixable? Nigerian "Last Flight to Abuja" covers the disaster pic checklist |url=https://rogersmovienation.com/2020/06/18/netflixable-nigerian-last-flight-to-abuja-covers-the-disaster-pic-checklist/}}</ref> |- |2013 |''And Then There Was You'' |Zuma |[[Leila Djansi]] |- |2014 |''When Love Comes Around'' |— |Afe Olumowe |<ref>{{cite web |title='When Love Comes Around' Jim Iyke, Eku Edewor, others star in new movie |url=http://pulse.ng/movies/when-love-comes-around-jim-iyke-eku-edewor-others-star-in-new-movie-id3360504.html |access-date=2014-12-19 |website=Pulse Nigeria |publisher=Chidumga Izuzu}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> |- | rowspan="2" |2016 |''Stalker'' |Michael |Moses Inwang |<ref>{{cite web |date=2016-01-17 |title=Stalker, Starring Jim Iyke, To Premiere Soon |url=https://guardian.ng/art/stalker-starring-jim-iyke-to-premiere-soon/ |access-date=2020-11-17 |website=The Guardian Nigeria News - Nigeria and World News |language=en-US}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2015-12-07 |title=Jim Iyke and Nse Ikpe-Etim’s ‘Stalker’ hit cinemas in February 2016 |url=https://thenet.ng/jim-iyke-and-nse-ikpe-etims-stalker-hit-cinemas-in-february-2016/ |access-date=2020-11-17 |website=Nigerian Entertainment Today |language=en-US}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> |- |A Star in Heaven |Kayode |Afe Olumowe |<ref>{{cite web |title=A Star in Heaven - Rotten Tomatoes |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/a_star_in_heaven |access-date=2023-07-27 |website=www.rottentomatoes.com |language=en}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> |- |2017 |''American Driver'' |Jim Iyke |Moses Inwang |<ref>{{cite web |date=2016-12-08 |title=Comedy movie featuring Jim Iyke, Nadia Buari, Emma Nyra gets release date |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/american-driver-comedy-movie-featuring-jim-iyke-nadia-buari-emma-nyra-gets-release/ntscs52 |access-date=2020-11-17 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en-US}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2017-02-02 |title='American Driver' starring Jim Iyke, AY Makun and Nse Ikpe-Etim set for Nigerian cinemas |url=https://thenet.ng/american-driver-starring-jim-iyke-ay-makun-and-nse-ikpe-etim-set-for-nigerian-cinemas/ |access-date=2020-11-17 |website=Nigerian Entertainment Today |language=en-US}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> |- |2018 |''Merry Men: The Real Yoruba Demons'' |Naz |Toka McBaror |<ref>{{cite web |title=Merry Men: The Real Yoruba Demons (2018) - IMDb |url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt9837502/fullcredits |access-date=2020-11-17}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> |- | rowspan="3" |2019 |Dead rite |N/A |Tope Alake |<ref>{{cite web |title=Jim Iyke - nlist {{!}} Nollywood, Nigerian Movies & Casting |url=https://nlist.ng//people/jim-iyke-385/ |access-date=2020-11-17 |website=nlist.ng |language=en-GB}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> |- |The Set-Up |Edem |Niyi Akinmolaya |<ref>{{cite web |date=2019-06-22 |title=Jim Iyke, Adesua Etomi, Thrill in ‘The Set Up’ |url=https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2019/06/22/jim-iyke-adesua-etomi-thrill-in-the-set-up/ |access-date=2020-11-17 |website=THISDAYLIVE |language=en-US}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2019-06-08 |title=Adesua Etomi, Jim Iyke, others star in ‘The Set Up’ |url=https://thenationonlineng.net/adesua-etomi-jim-iyke-others-star-in-the-set-up/ |access-date=2020-11-17 |website=Latest Nigeria News, Nigerian Newspapers, Politics |language=en-US}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2019-06-06 |title=Dakore Akande, Adesua Etomi-Wellington, Jim Iyke, others star in new film ‘The Set Up’ |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/dakore-akande-adesua-etomi-wellington-jim-iyke-others-star-in-new-film-the-set-up/sx3eqxe |access-date=2020-11-17 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en-US}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> |- |Merry Men 2: Another Mission |Naz |Moses Inwang |<ref>{{cite web |date=2019-12-04 |title=Olamide gets a cameo appearance in ‘Merry Men’ sequel as AY releases official trailer |url=https://www.pulse.ng/entertainment/movies/ay-releases-merry-men-2-official-trailer/y7c1kz4 |access-date=2020-11-17 |website=Pulse Nigeria |language=en-US}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Merry Men 2 (2019) - IMDb |url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt11417930/fullcredits |access-date=2020-11-17}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> |- |2020 |Cold Feet |Mayowa |Moses Inwang | |- | |Bad Comments |Frank Orji |Moses Inwang | |- |2021 |Hustle |Tunde Lewis |Marc Adebesin | |- |2022 |The Set Up 2 |Edem |Chinaza Onuzo | |- | |Closure Mandate |David |Robert Peters | |- | |Zongo Boys | |Benjamin Sarpong | |- | |Passport |Oscar |Dimeji Ajibola | |- |2023 |Different Strokes |Alex Cole |Biodun Stephen | |- | |Rent a Room |Obi |Jim Iyke | |- |2024 |No Fury | |Akay Mason | |- |} == Awards den nominations == {| class="wikitable" !Year !Award !Category !Result !Ref |- |2021 |Net Honours |Most Searched Actor |He win |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Net Honours - The Class of 2021 |url=https://thenet.ng/net-honours-class-of-2021/ |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=Nigerian Entertainment Today |language=en-US}}</ref> |} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [[imdbname:1651104|Jim Iyke]] at IMDb * {{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012201756/http://jimiykefoundation.com/About%20Jim%20Iyke.html|title=Jim Iyke Foundation website|access-date=2 October 2013|archive-date=12 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012201756/http://jimiykefoundation.com/About%20Jim%20Iyke.html|url-status=dead}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Iyke, Jim}} [[Category:1976 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Nigerian people]] [[Category:Nigerian male film actors]] [[Category:People wey komot Libreville]] [[Category:21st-century Nigerian male actors]] [[Category:University of Jos alumni]] [[Category:Actors wey komot Anambra State]] [[Category:Igbo actors]] [[Category:Nigerian film producers]] fkj4g0reyqkhftpt53foav5b3kvvk1b 0 20462 112515 76256 2026-09-25T01:45:12Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112515 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Marion Lois Jones''' (born October 12, 1975), dem sanso know as '''Marion Jones-Thompson''', be an American former world champion track-and-field athlete den former professional basketball player. She win three gold medals den two bronze medals at de 2000 Summer Olympics insyd Sydney, Australia, buh na dem later strip am of ein medals after she admit to lying to federal investigators about ein use of performance-enhancing drugs.<ref name="IOC Strips2">{{cite news|url=http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/22170098/|title=IOC strips Jones of all 5 Olympic medals|date=December 12, 2007|agency=Associated Press|work=MSNBC.com|access-date=March 7, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080218091719/http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/22170098/|archive-date=February 18, 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="JonesReturnsMedals">{{Cite web|title=Jones Returns 2000 Olympic Medals|url=http://www.channel4.com/news/articles/sports/jones+returns+2000+olympic+medals/896857|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090627053750/http://www.channel4.com/news/articles/sports/jones%2Breturns%2B2000%2Bolympic%2Bmedals/896857|archive-date=June 27, 2009|access-date=October 8, 2007|publisher=Channel4.com}}</ref> Na Jones be one of de most famous athletes dem link to de BALCO scandal.<ref name="NYT200710052">{{cite news|access-date=2007-10-05|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/05/sports/othersports/05cnd-balco.html?hp=&pagewanted=print|title=Jones Pleads Guilty to Lying About Drugs|first1=Michael S.|last1=Schmidt|first2=Lynn|last2=Zinser|date=October 5, 2007|work=The New York Times}}</ref> Na de performance-enhancing substance usage scandal cover more dan 20 top-level athletes, wey dey include Jones ein ex-husbie, shot putter C. J. Hunter, den 100 m sprinter Tim Montgomery. Jones play college basketball give de North Carolina Tar Heels, wer na she win de NCAA championship insyd 1994. She later play two season of professional basketball insyd de Women's National Basketball Association, as point guard for de Tulsa Shock.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gomez|first=Jada|date=2024-07-30|title=Marion Jones: 'Your Failure Is Not Forever'|url=https://www.self.com/story/marion-jones-now|access-date=2024-08-17|website=SELF|language=en-US}}</ref> == Early life den education == Na dem born Marion Jones to George Jones den ein wifey, Marion (originally from Belize), insyd Los Angeles. She dey hold dual citizenship plus de United States den Belize.<ref name="fastest woman">{{Cite journal |last=Rowen, Beth |last2=Ross, Shmuel |last3=Olson, Liz |year=2007 |title=Marion Jones: Fastest Woman on Earth |url=http://www.infoplease.com/spot/marionjones1.html |journal=InfoPlease Database |access-date=2008-02-10}}</ref> Na ein parents split wen she be very young, wey na Jones ein mommie remarry a retired postal worker, Ira Toler, three years later. Toler cam be a stay-at-home dad to Jones den ein older half-bro, Albert Kelly, til ein sudden death insyd 1987.<ref name="FiveGolds2">{{cite news|title=Jones Relays Thoughts on Chance for 5 Golds|last=Hersh|first=Philip|date=September 24, 2000|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|page=15}}</ref> Jones turn to sports as an outlet for ein grief: running, pickup basketball games, den watever else na ein bro Albert dey do athletically.<ref name="FiveGolds2" /> By de age of 15, na she routinely dey dominate California high-school athletics on both de track den de basketball court. Jones be a 1997 graduate of de University of North Carolina (UNC). Insyd high school, Jones win de CIF California State Meet insyd de 100 m sprint four years insyd a row, wey dey represent Rio Mesa de first two years den Thousand Oaks high school de last two. Insyd 1992, na she be successfully defended by attorney Johnnie Cochran on charges of she miss a routine drug test.<ref name="Patrick20072">{{cite news|last=Patrick|first=Dick|date=October 5, 2007|title=Until now, Jones had been steadfast in doping denials|url=https://www.usatoday.com/sports/olympics/2007-10-05-jones-analysis_N.htm|work=USA Today|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080210023810/http://www.usatoday.com/sports/olympics/2007-10-05-jones-analysis_N.htm|archive-date=February 10, 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na dem select am de Gatorade Player of de Year for track den field three years insyd a row, once at Rio Mesa den twice at Thousand Oaks.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Riley|first=Jeff|date=1991-11-22|title=Sprint Champion Marion Jones Transfers to Thousand Oaks|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-11-22-sp-326-story.html|access-date=2024-08-17|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref> Na she be de ''Track and Field News'' "High School Athlete of de Year" insyd 1991 den 1992.<ref>{{Cite web|date=1996-07-06|title=Mortensen Chosen Girls' Athlete of the Year|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-07-06-sp-21544-story.html|access-date=2024-08-17|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref> Na she be de third female athlete make she achieve de title twice, immediately dey follow Angela Burnham at Rio Mesa High School, wey na she be de second to achieve de title twice.<ref>[http://www.trackandfieldnews.com/index.php/component/content/article/35-stats/2116-t-fn-girls-hs-aoy T&FN HIGH SCHOOL GIRLS ATHLETES OF THE YEAR] [https://web.archive.org/web/20151126173444/http://www.trackandfieldnews.com/index.php/component/content/article/35-stats/2116-t-fn-girls-hs-aoy Archived] November 26, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.</ref> Na dem invite am make she participate insyd de 1992 Olympic trials, den after ein showing insyd de 200 meters finals, go make de team as an alternate insyd de 4 × 100 meter relay, buh na she decline de invitation. After she win further state-wide sprint titles, she accept a full scholarship to de University of North Carolina insyd basketball, wer na she help de team win de NCAA championship insyd ein freshman year. Na Jones redshirt ein 1996 basketball season make she concentrate on track buh na she injure wey she never get de opportunity to try out.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Marion Jones injury stuns World Championships|url=https://www.southcoasttoday.com/story/sports/1999/08/26/marion-jones-injury-stuns-world/50514427007/|access-date=2024-08-17|website=New Bedford Standard-Times|language=en-US}}</ref> [[File:Tgalindo-100sevilla99.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Marion Jones (far left) during de 1999 World Championships]] She excel at ein first major international competition, wey she win de 100 m sprint at de 1997 World Championships insyd Athens, while na she fini 10th insyd de [[long jump]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Women 100m Athletics VI World Championship 1997 Athens (GRE) - Sunday 03.08 - Gold Medal; Marion Jones, United States|url=http://todor66.com/athletics/world/1997/Women_100m.html|access-date=2024-08-17|website=todor66.com}}</ref> At de 1999 World Championships, Jones attempt make she win four titles, buh she injure einself insyd de 200 m after a gold insyd de 100 m den a long jump bronze.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2014-03-10|title=Sevilla 99 Start Lists and Results|url=http://www2.iaaf.org/sevilla99/results/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140310195631/http://www2.iaaf.org/sevilla99/results/|archive-date=2014-03-10|access-date=2024-08-17}}</ref> At de Sydney Olympics, Jones fini plus three gold medals (100- den 200-meter sprint, den 4 × 400 m relay) den two bronze medals (long jump den 4 × 100 m relay). However, na dem later strip am of dese medals after she admit ein use of performance-enhancing drugs. Na Jones vehemently deny she dey use performance-enhancing drugs til ein confession insyd 2007.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Pugmire|first=Lance|date=2007-10-06|title=Jones admits using steroids|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-oct-06-sp-jones6-story.html|access-date=2024-08-17|website=Los Angeles Times|language=en-US}}</ref> A dominant force insyd women's sprinting, na dem upset Jones insyd de 100&nbsp;m sprint at de 2001 World Championships, as na Ukrainian Zhanna Pintusevich-Block beat am for ein first loss insyd de event insyd six years; na Pintusevich-Block be one of de names wey Victor Conte reveal during de BALCO scandals.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Mackay|first=Duncan|date=2004-04-27|title=Block named on the Balco supply list|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2004/apr/27/athletics.drugsinsport|access-date=2024-08-17|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Na Jones, however, claim de gold insyd both de 200&nbsp;m den 4 × 100&nbsp;m relay. On ein 2004 Olympics experience, Jones say "e be extremely disappointing, words no fi put am into perspective."<ref name="SI2004Olympics2">{{cite magazine|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/olympics/2004/08/28/bc.olympics/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070811133940/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2004/olympics/2004/08/28/bc.olympics/|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 11, 2007|title=Friday: Bad day for U.S.; new dawn for China|agency=Reuters|date=August 28, 2004|magazine=Sports Illustrated}}</ref> She cam insyd fifth insyd de long jump wey she compete insyd de women's 4x100&nbsp;m relay wer na de team sweep past de competition insyd de preliminaries only to miss a baton pass wey dem fini last insyd de final race.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2004-08-24|title=After Sydney superstardom, Jones goes quietly in Athens|url=https://www.espn.com/olympics/summer04/trackandfield/news/story?id=1866971|access-date=2024-08-17|website=ESPN.com|language=en}}</ref> Na Jones promise say na ein latest defeat no go be de end of ein Olympic efforts, wey na she reassert insyd May 2005 dat na winning a gold medal at de 2008 Olympics remain ein "ultimate goal." Na May 2006 get Jones run 11.06 at altitude, buh into a headwind insyd ein season debut wey she beat Veronica Campbell den Lauryn Williams insyd subsequent 100&nbsp;m events.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2006-06-05|title=Jones, Gatlin win again, Defar breaks record|url=https://timesofmalta.com/article/jones-gatlin-win-again-defar-breaks-record.51742|access-date=2024-08-17|website=Times of Malta|language=en-gb}}</ref> By July 8, 2006, na Jones appear to be insyd top form; she win de 100&nbsp;m sprint at Gaz de France plus a time of 10.93&nbsp;seconds. Na e be ein fastest time insyd almost four years.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2006-07-09|title=Jones runs her fastest 100 meters in 4 years|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/2006/07/09/jones-runs-her-fastest-100-meters-in-4-years/|access-date=2024-08-17|website=Chicago Tribune|language=en-US}}</ref> Three days later, na Jones once more improve on ein seasonal best time at de Rome IIAF Golden League (10.91&nbsp;seconds), buh she loose to Jamaica ein Sherone Simpson, wey clock 10.87. == WNBA career ==   Insyd November 2009, na Jones dey work out for de San Antonio Silver Stars of de WNBA. Na she play basketball while insyd college at de University of North Carolina, wer na ein team win de national championship insyd 1994. Ein No. 20 jersey, wey de school honor, dey hang insyd Carmichael Auditorium. Na dem select am insyd de third round of de 2003 WNBA draft by de Phoenix Mercury.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Blackistone|first=Kevin|date=November 30, 2009|title=Marion Jones Attempting Comeback as Pro Basketball Player|url=http://nba.fanhouse.com/2009/11/30/marion-jones-attempting-comeback-as-pro-basketball-player/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100802134834/http://nba.fanhouse.com/2009/11/30/marion-jones-attempting-comeback-as-pro-basketball-player|archive-date=August 2, 2010|access-date=December 2, 2009}}</ref> On March 10, 2010, na de Tulsa Shock announce say Jones, a rookie, sign make she play plus de team.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Zinser|first=Lynn|date=2010-03-10|title=Jones, Disgraced Sprinter, Is Joining the W.N.B.A.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/11/sports/basketball/11jones.html|access-date=2024-08-17|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Jones make ein debut on May 15, insyd de Shock ein inaugural game at de BOK Center against de Minnesota Lynx.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/05/15/AR2010051503799_pf.html|title=Marion Jones returns to sport with the WNBA's Tulsa Shock|date=May 16, 2010|first=Amy|last=Shipley|newspaper=The Washington Post|page=D08}}</ref> On August 22, 2010, na she log ein first start wey she score a WNBA career high 15 points insyd a win against de Chicago Sky.<ref>{{cite news|author1=Stan Grossfeld|title=Fast break|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/444033990/|access-date=14 October 2024|work=The Boston Globe|date=22 August 2010|pages=D1-[https://www.newspapers.com/image/444034058/ D5]}}</ref> Insyd 47 WNBA games, Jones average 2.6 points den 1.3 rebounds per game. Na Jones be waived by de Shock on July 21, 2011.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2011/more/07/21/Marion-Jones-cut-by-Shock.ap/index.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104161153/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2011/more/07/21/Marion-Jones-cut-by-Shock.ap/index.html?sct=hp_t2_a18&eref=sihp|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 4, 2012|title=Ex-Olympic sprinter Marion Jones cut by Shock|date=July 21, 2011|work=CNN}}</ref> While at UNC, Jones meet den begin dey date one of de track coaches, shot putter C. J. Hunter. Na Hunter voluntarily resign from ein position at UNC make he comply plus de requirements of university rules wey dey prohibit coach-athlete dating. Na Jones den Hunter marry on October 3, 1998, wey dem train for de Sydney 2000 Summer Olympics. Insyd de run-up to de 2000 Olympics, Jones declare say na she intend to win gold medals insyd all five of ein competition events at Sydney. Na Hunter withdraw from de shotput competition for a knee injury, though na dem allow make he keep ein coaching credentials den attend de games make he support ein wifey. Just hours after Marion Jones win ein first of de planned five golds, though, de International Olympic Committee (IOC) announce say na Hunter fail four pre-Olympic drug tests, dey test positive each time for de banned anabolic steroid nandrolone. Na dem immediately suspend Hunter from make he take any role at de Sydney games, wey na dem order am make he surrender ein on-field coaching credentials. At a press conference wer na Hunter break down in tears, he deny taking any performance-enhancing drugs, much less de easily detected nandrolone.<ref name="cjhunter2">{{cite news|date=2000-09-25|title=IOC chief says Hunter failed four drug tests|url=http://static.espn.go.com/oly/summer00/news/2000/0925/777764.html|access-date=2024-10-11|publisher=ESPN|agency=Associated Press}}</ref> Jones go later wrep insyd ein autobiography, ''Marion Jones: Life in the Fast Lane'', say na Hunter ein positive drug tests hurt dema marriage den ein image as a drug-free athlete. De couple divorce insyd 2002. On June 28, 2003, Jones give birth to a son, Tim Montgomery Jr., plus then-boyfriend Tim Montgomery, a world-class sprinter einself.<ref>Helene Elliott: [https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-jun-30-sp-nwbox30-story.html '' Marion Jones Gives Birth to Boy''], June 30, 2003,</ref> Secof ein pregnancy, na Jones miss de 2003 World Championships, buh she spend a year dey prepare for de 2004 Olympics. Montgomery, wey no qualify for de 2004 Olympic track-den-field team for poor performance, na dem charge am by de United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA), as part of de investigation into de BALCO doping scandal, plus he receive den use banned performance-enhancing drugs. Na de USADA seek a four-year suspension give Montgomery. Na Montgomery fight de ban, buh na he loose de appeal on December 13, 2005, wey he receive a two-year ban from track-den-field competition; de Court of Arbitration for Sport sanso strip Montgomery of all race results, records, den medals, from March 31, 2001, dey go. Montgomery later announce ein retirement. On February 24, 2007, Jones marry Barbadian sprinter den 2000 Olympic 100 m bronze medalist Obadele Thompson.<ref name="Cherry20072">{{cite news|last=Cherry|first=Gene|date=March 7, 2007|title=Sprinters Jones and Thompson married, says minister|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/sportsNews/idUSL0725699120070307|work=Reuters}}</ref> Jones get two kiddies plus Thompson.<ref name="CNN200710052">{{cite news|date=October 5, 2007|title=CNN Newsroom: Jones Doping Case; Tax Standoff Ends; Myanmar Crackdown|url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0710/05/cnr.06.html|work=CNN Transcripts}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Michaelis|first=Vicki|date=May 17, 2010|title=Marion Jones hits ground running, starts fresh in WNBA|url=https://www.usatoday.com/sports/basketball/wnba/shock/2010-05-16-marion-jones-cover_N.htm|work=USA Today}}</ref> Thompson den Jones divorce insyd 2017. Jones now dey reside insyd Austin, Texas plus ein long-time partner, Adele.<ref>{{cite web|date=December 20, 2024|title=Olympic great Marion Jones on coming out, taking control of her story & falling for her best friend|url=https://www.queerty.com/olympic-great-marion-jones-on-coming-out-taking-control-of-her-story-falling-for-her-best-friend-20241219/}}</ref> Insyd 2010, Jones release a book, ''On the Right Track: From Olympic Downfall to Finding Forgiveness and the Strength to Overcome and Succeed'', wey Simon & Schuster publish.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Marion Jones|url=http://www.marionjones.org/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161209201322/http://www.marionjones.org/|archive-date=December 9, 2016|access-date=December 6, 2016}}</ref> Jones now be a full-time public speaker, trainer den coach.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Kussoy|first=Howie|date=2024-08-01|title=Marion Jones opens up about her legacy during Olympics 2024|url=https://nypost.com/2024/08/01/sports/marion-jones-opens-up-about-her-legacy-during-olympics-2024/|access-date=2024-08-17|language=en-US}}</ref> Insyd 2024 Jones partner plus Driven Inc make dem launch Driven performance wich dey focus on building resilience skills thru coaching den physical fitness.<ref name=":0" /> === ''Top Speed'' film === Jones appear insyd de 2003 film ''Top Speed'', along plus oda speed specialists such as racing driver Lucas Luhr, mountain biker Marla Streb, den Porsche Cayenne designer Stephen Murkett. Greg MacGillivray direct am wey na dem shoot am insyd IMAX format, de film dey cover details from races to mistakes she make within ein performances. == Use of illicit performance-enhancing drugs == [[File:Marion_Jones_Sydney_2000.JPEG|thumb|Jones at de 2000 Summer Olympics, wer na she use performance-enhancing drugs]] Thro houtchawt ofeinr athletic careerwey dey inclueg two Olympiadsnendchaw championship meets,na dem accuse Jones, either directly anaa by implication, of she take performance-enhancing drugs. Na dese accusations begin insyd high school insyd de early 1990s, wen na she miss a random drug test wey na dem consequently ban am for four years from track den field competition. Jones, a minor, claim say she never receive de letter wey dey notify am of de required test; wey na attorney Johnnie Cochran successfully get de four-year ban overturned.<ref name="fastest woman"/> Na Jones tend to train plus both coaches den athletes wey na demaselves dem be dogged by rumors den accusations wey dey surround performance-enhancing drugs. Den til 2007, na Jones deny, insyd almost every way possible den insyd almost any venue wer na de question arise, she be involved plus performance enhancers. Na she frequently say na she never test positive for performance-enhancing substances. === BALCO investigation === On December 3, 2004, Victor Conte, de founder of BALCO, appear insyd an interview plus Martin Bashir on ABC's ''20/20''. Insyd de interview, na Conte tell a national audience say na he personally give Jones four different illegal performance-enhancing drugs before, during, den after de 2000 Sydney Olympic Games. Insyd de course of investigative research, San Francisco-based reporters Lance Williams den Mark Fainaru-Wada report say na Jones receive banned drugs from BALCO, dey cite documentary evidence den testimony from Jones ein ex-husbie C.J. Hunter, wey dey claim he see Jones inject einself insyd de stomach plus de steroids.<ref name="Fainaru-Wada2006">{{Cite book|last=Fainaru-Wada|first=M.|url=https://archive.org/details/targetunderweara00aden|title=Game of Shadows|last2=Williams|first2=L.|publisher=Gotham Books|year=2006|pages=[https://archive.org/details/targetunderweara00aden/page/234 234–235]|url-access=registration}}</ref> According to Hunter'ein s 2004 testimony before a federal grand jury, Jon'ein s use of banned drugs bigan well before Sydney.<ref name="Williams200608192">{{cite news|last=Williams|first=Lance|date=August 19, 2006|title=Sprinter Jones failed drug test|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/08/19/MNGBGKLP8H1.DTL&hw=marion+jones&sn=003&sc=976|access-date=2008-08-04|work=San Francisco Chronicle}}</ref> Na Hunter tell de investigators say Jones first obtain EPO (erythropoietin) from Graham, wey Hunter say he get a Mexican connection for de drug. Later, Hunter say, Graham meet Conte, wey begin dey provide de coach plus BALCO "nutritional supplements", wich na be actually an experimental class of "designer" steroids dem say e be undetectable by drug screening procedures available at de time. Graham then distribute de performance enhancers to Jones den oda Sprint Capitol athletes. Subsequently, Hunter tell federal agents Jones begin dey receive drugs directly from Conte. Na Jones never fail a drug test using de then-existing testing procedures, wey na dem find insufficient evidence make dem bring charges wey dey regard oda untested performance-enhancing drugs.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Mackay|first=Duncan|date=2006-08-19|title=Only surprise about Jones drugs bust was that was she got caught|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2006/aug/20/athletics.comment|access-date=2024-08-17|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> === 2006 EPO tests === ''The Washington Post'', dey cite unidentified sources plus knowledge of drug results from de USA Track and Field Championships insyd Indianapolis, report say on June 23, 2006, na an "A" sample of Marion Jones ein urine test positive for erythropoietin (EPO), a banned performance enhancer. Na Jones withdraw from de Weltklasse Golden League meet insyd Switzerland, dey cite "personal reasons", den once more she deny using performance-enhancing drugs.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2006-08-18|title=Jones pulls out of Golden League Meet at last minute|url=https://www.espn.com/olympics/trackandfield/news/story?id=2553442|access-date=2024-08-17|website=ESPN.com|language=en}}</ref> She retain lawyer Howard Jacobs, wey represent chaw athletes insyd doping cases, wey dey include Tim Montgomery den cyclist Floyd Landis. On September 6, 2006, na Jones ein lawyers announce say na ein "B" sample test negative, wich clear am from de doping allegations.<ref name=":12">{{Cite news|last1=Zinser|first1=Lynn|last2=Schmidt|first2=Michael S.|name-list-style=and|date=2007-10-06|title=Jones Admits to Doping and Enters Guilty Plea|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/06/sports/othersports/06balco.html|access-date=2024-08-17|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> === Admission of lying during BALCO investigation === On October 5, 2007, Jones admit to lying to federal agents under oath about ein steroids use prior to de 2000 Summer Olympics wey na she plead guilty at de U.S. District Court for de Southern District of New York (insyd White Plains).<ref name="NYT200710052">{{cite news|access-date=2007-10-05|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/05/sports/othersports/05cnd-balco.html?hp=&pagewanted=print|title=Jones Pleads Guilty to Lying About Drugs|first1=Michael S.|last1=Schmidt|first2=Lynn|last2=Zinser|date=October 5, 2007|work=The New York Times}}</ref> She confess to Judge Kenneth M. Karas say na she make false statements wey dey regard de BALCO den a check-fraud case. Na dem release am on ein own recognizance buh na dem require am make she surrender both ein U.S. den Belizean passports, dey pend sentencing insyd January. Although na dem fi impose a maximum sentence of five years, de prosecution recommend no more dan six months as part of Jones ein plea bargain.<ref name=":12">{{Cite news|last1=Zinser|first1=Lynn|last2=Schmidt|first2=Michael S.|name-list-style=and|date=2007-10-06|title=Jones Admits to Doping and Enters Guilty Plea|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/06/sports/othersports/06balco.html|access-date=2024-08-17|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> After ein admission, Jones hold a press conference on de same day, wer na she publicly admit to using steroids before de Olympics wey na she acknowledge say, in fact, she lie wen she previously deny steroid use insyd statements to de press, to various sports agencies, den to two grand juries. Na one be impaneled to investigate de BALCO "designer steroid" ring, wey na de oda be impaneled to investigate a check fraud ring wey dey involve chaw of de same parties from de BALCO case. As a result of dese admissions, na Jones accept a two-year suspension from track den field competition wey be issued by USADA wey na she announce ein retirement from track den field.<ref name="NYT200710052">{{cite news|access-date=2007-10-05|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/05/sports/othersports/05cnd-balco.html?hp=&pagewanted=print|title=Jones Pleads Guilty to Lying About Drugs|first1=Michael S.|last1=Schmidt|first2=Lynn|last2=Zinser|date=October 5, 2007|work=The New York Times}}</ref> She break down into tears during de press conference as she apologize for ein actions, dey say: ''"And so it is with a great amount of shame, that I stand before you and tell you that I have betrayed your trust... and you have the right to be angry with me. I have let them down. I have let my country down. And I have let myself down."''<ref name="NYT200710062">{{cite news|last1=Zinser|first1=Lynn|last2=Schmidt|first2=Michael S.|date=October 6, 2007|title=Jones Admits to Doping and Enters Guilty Plea|newspaper=The New York Times|page=D1}}</ref> USADA state say dema sanction "sanso dey require disqualification of all ein competitive results she obtain after September 1, 2000, den forfeiture of all medals, results, points den prizes". On January 11, 2008, na dem sentence Jones to six months insyd jail.<ref name="NYT200710052">{{cite news|access-date=2007-10-05|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/05/sports/othersports/05cnd-balco.html?hp=&pagewanted=print|title=Jones Pleads Guilty to Lying About Drugs|first1=Michael S.|last1=Schmidt|first2=Lynn|last2=Zinser|date=October 5, 2007|work=The New York Times}}</ref> She begin ein sentence on March 7, 2008,<ref name="AFP200803072">{{cite news|access-date=2008-07-30|url=http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5j45h2TXIPAcsLvMwWvwlDUeXuKVQ|title=Disgraced sprinter Jones reports to jail|date=March 7, 2008|work=AFP|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080621041311/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5j45h2TXIPAcsLvMwWvwlDUeXuKVQ|archive-date=June 21, 2008|df=mdy-all}}</ref> wey na dem release am on September 5, 2008.<ref name="Released2">{{cite news|date=September 5, 2008|title=Marion Jones released from Texas federal prison|url=https://www.espn.com/olympics/trackandfield/news/story?id=3570875|access-date=October 11, 2024|publisher=ESPN|agency=Associated Press}}</ref> Insyd de BALCO case, na she deny federal agents ein use of steroid tetrahydrogestrinone, dem know as "The Clear", anaa "THG", from 1999, buh na she claim dem give am de impression na she dey take a flaxseed oil supplement for two years while coach Trevor Graham supply am plus de substance. Insyd a published letter insyd October 2007, Jones say dat na she use de substance wey na dem take give am dem describe as flaxseed oil, wich na dem later confirm e be "The Clear" til she stop dey train plus Graham at de end of 2002.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-10-04|title=Olympics Star Marion Jones Admits Doping - CBS News|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/olympics-star-marion-jones-admits-doping/|access-date=2024-08-17|website=cbsnews.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-10-05|title=Marion Jones's letter to friends and family|url=https://www.smh.com.au/sport/marion-joness-letter-to-friends-and-family-20071005-gdra43.html|access-date=2024-08-17|website=The Sydney Morning Herald|language=en}}</ref> She say na she lie wen federal agents question am insyd 2003 secof na she panick wen na dem present am plus a sample of "The Clear".<ref name="Shipley20072">{{cite news|last=Shipley|first=Amy|title=Marion Jones Admits to Steroid Use|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=October 5, 2007|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/04/AR2007100401666_pf.html}}</ref> === U.S. Olympic Committee demands return of Olympic medals === Peter Ueberroth, chairmo of de U.S. Olympic Committee, react to de news of Jones ein confession den guilty plea on perjury charges by he issue a statement wey dey call on Jones make she "immediately step forward den return de Olympic medals na she win while she dey compete in violation of de rules". Ueberroth add say na ein admission be "long overdue den dey underscore de shame den dishonor wey be inherent plus cheating." IAAF presido Lamine Diack say insyd a statement: "dem go kai Marion Jones as one of de biggest frauds insyd sporting history."<ref>{{cite news|agency=Associated Press|title=IAAF decries Jones's tainted legacy|date=October 8, 2007}}</ref> On October 8, 2007, na a source confirm say Marion Jones surrender ein five medals from de 2000 Summer Olympics.<ref name="JonesReturnsMedals"/> On de same day, Ueberroth say dat make dem return all de relay medals,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/13/sports/othersports/13jones.html?_r=1&ref=othersports&pagewanted=print|title=Jones's Teammate Braces for Worst|agency=Associated Press|date=October 13, 2007|newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref> den on April 10, 2008, de IOC vote to strip Jones ein relay teammates of dema medals as well,<ref>{{Cite web|date=April 10, 2008|title=IOC votes to strip Jones's teammates of medals from 2000 Games|url=https://www.espn.com/olympics/trackandfield/news/story?id=3339267|access-date=October 11, 2024|publisher=ESPN}}</ref> although na dem go successfully appeal dis decision by seven of Jones ein teammates wey na dem overturn insyd 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2010-07-16|others=Contributed by Rachel Cohen, Pat Graham and Paul Weber|title=US relay runners win Olympic medals appeal|url=https://www.espn.com/espn/wire?section=oly&id=5385884|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223234741/http://espn.go.com/espn/print?id=5385884|archive-date=February 23, 2014|access-date=October 11, 2024|publisher=ESPN}}</ref> === Formal IOC disqualification === On December 12, 2007, de IOC formally strip Jones of all five Olympic medals wey dey date back to September 2000, wey na dem ban am from attending de [[2008 Summer Olympics]] insyd any capacity.<ref name="IOC Strips2">{{cite news|url=http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/22170098/|title=IOC strips Jones of all 5 Olympic medals|date=December 12, 2007|agency=Associated Press|work=MSNBC.com|access-date=March 7, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080218091719/http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/22170098/|archive-date=February 18, 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> De IOC action sanso officially disqualify Jones from ein fifth-place finish insyd de long jump at de 2004 Summer Olympics.<ref name="IOC Strips2" /> On October 28, 2008, na Oprah Winfrey interview Jones wey na she state say na she go win gold at de Sydney Olympics widout de drugs wey lead am to ein disgrace.<ref>{{cite news|title=Marion Jones tells Oprah Winfrey: I'd have won without the drugs|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=October 30, 2008|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/othersports/athletics/3280847/Marion-Jones-tells-Oprah-I-never-knowingly-took-performance-enhancing-drugs-Athletics.html|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/othersports/athletics/3280847/Marion-Jones-tells-Oprah-I-never-knowingly-took-performance-enhancing-drugs-Athletics.html|archive-date=January 12, 2022|url-access=subscription|url-status=live}}</ref> Seven years after she win a women's record five Olympic track den field medals wey she receive multimillion-dollar endorsement deals, na Jones be broke.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Former Olympian, track millionaire Jones now broke|url=http://cbs.sportsline.com/worldsports/story/10236098|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070629023321/http://cbs.sportsline.com/worldsports/story/10236098|archive-date=June 29, 2007|website=CBS Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=North Carolina Star Athlete in Bankruptcy - How Marion Jones Lost It All - John T. Orcutt - Celebrity Money Problems Relieved by Chapter 7|url=https://www.billsbills.com/blog/north-carolina-star-athlete-bankruptcy-how-marion-jones-lost-it-all}}</ref> According to de Associated Press, na Jones dey heavily in debt awey na she dey fight off court judgments, according to court records wey be reviewed by de ''Los Angeles Times''. Insyd 2006, na a bank foreclose on ein $2.5 million mansion insyd Apex, North Carolina.<ref>{{Cite news|agency=Agence France-Presse|date=2007-06-24|title=Jones Says She's in Financial Debt|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/24/sports/othersports/24sportsbriefs-jones.html|access-date=2024-08-17|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Insyd ein prime, na Jones be one of track ein first female sports millionaires, typically na she dey earn between $70,000 den $80,000 a race, plus at least anoda $1 million from race bonuses den endorsement deals.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-06-25|title=Court documents show Marion Jones almost broke|url=https://www.espn.com/olympics/trackandfield/news/story?id=2915341|access-date=2024-08-17|website=ESPN.com|language=en}}</ref> === Involvement insyd check fraud === Insyd July 2006, na dem link Jones to a check-counterfeiting scheme wey lead to criminal charges against ein coach den former boyfriend Montgomery.<ref name="BankRecords">{{cite news|url=http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/13848653/|title=Bank records link Marion Jones to money scam|date=July 15, 2006|agency=Associated Press|work=NBC Sports|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423110925/http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/13848653/|archive-date=April 23, 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> Na documents show dat na dem deposit a $25,000 check dem make out to Jones insyd ein bank account as part of de alleged multimillion-dollar scheme. Na prosecutors allege say na dem send funds to Jones ein track coach, 1976 Olympic gold medalist Steve Riddick, insyd Virginia, then dem funnel back to New York thru a network of "paddies, relatives den associates."<ref name="BankRecords" /> Na dem arrest Riddick insyd February on money-laundering charges. According to de indictment den subsequent documents dem file plus de court, na dem make de link to Jones thru one of Riddick ein business partners, Nathaniel Alexander. On October 5, 2007, na Jones plead guilty to na she make false statements to IRS Special Agent Jeff Novitzky wey dey lead de ongoing BALCO investigation insyd California. Na Jones claim she never take performance-enhancing drugs. "Na dat be a lie, your honor", na she say from de defense table.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2007-10-05|title=Marion Jones Pleads Guilty To Doping - CBS News|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/marion-jones-pleads-guilty-to-doping/|access-date=2024-08-17|website=cbsnews.com|language=en-US}}</ref> De federal government, thru grand juries, na dem dey investigate steroid abuse since 2003. Jones sanso plead guilty to she make false statements about ein knowledge of a check-cashing scheme to New York U.S. Department of Homeland Security Special Agent Erik Rosenblatt, wey na he dey lead a broad financial investigation wey na dem already convict Montgomery, sports agent Charles Wells, den ein coach, Steve Riddick.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Former Olympian Jones sentenced to six months|url=https://www.recordonline.com/story/sports/2008/01/12/former-olympian-jones-sentenced-to/52670376007/|access-date=2024-08-17|website=Times Herald-Record|language=en-US}}</ref> === Criminal sentencing === [[File:CarswellFMCFortWorthTX.jpg|thumb|Federal Medical Center, Carswell, wer na dem imprison Jones]] Na prosecutors tell U.S. District Judge Kenneth Karas say any sentence between probation den six months' imprisonment go be fair (plus de maximum penalty be five years insyd prison); na Karas respond by seeking advice as to whether he fi go beyond de six-month sentence. Meanwhile, na Jones ein lawyers biz say make dem limit ein penalty to probation den community service, wey dem dey argue, in part, say na dem punish am enough by she apologize publicly, she retire from track den field, wey na dem relinquish ein five Olympic medals. On January 11, 2008, na Karas sentence Jones to six months insyd jail for ein involvement insyd de check fraud case den ein use of performance-enhancing drugs.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Schmidt|first1=Michael S.|last2=Wilson|first2=Duff|name-list-style=and|date=2008-01-12|title=Marion Jones Sentenced to Six Months in Prison|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/12/sports/othersports/11cnd-jones.html|access-date=2024-08-17|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> During de sentencing hearing, na de judge admonish am, dey talk say na she know wat na she dey do wey she go be punished accordingly.<ref name="Sentenced2">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/7182969.stm|title=Six-month jail sentence for Jones|date=January 11, 2008|publisher=BBC News|access-date=2008-01-11}}</ref> "De offenses here be serious. Dem each dey involve lies dem make three years apart", na Karas say, dey add dat na Jones ein actions "no be a one-off mistake...buh a repetition insyd an attempt make she break de law."<ref name="Sentenced2" /> Na dem order Jones make she surrender on March 15, 2008. She report four days early, on March 11, at de Federal Medical Center, Carswell prison insyd Fort Worth wey na dem assign am Federal Bureau of Prisons register no. 84868–054.<ref name="AFP200803072" /> Na dem release am from prison on September 5, 2008.<ref name="Released2" /> == Post-scandal == Na Jones appear insyd season 3 of ''Special Forces: World's Toughest Test'' wer na dem medically withdraw am during de third episode. == Statistics == === Track den field === ==== Personal bests ==== {| class="wikitable" !Date !Event !Venue !Performance |- |September 12, 1998 |100 m |Johannesburg, [[South Africa]] |10.65A |- |August 22, 1999 |100 m |Seville, Spain |10.70 |- |September 11, 1998 |200 m |Johannesburg, [[South Africa]] |21.62A |- |August 13, 1997 |200 m |Zürich, Switzerland |21.76 |- |April 22, 2001 |300 m |Walnut, California |35.68 |- |April 16, 2000 |400 m |Walnut, California |49.59 |- |May 31, 1998 |Long jump |Eugene, Oregon |7.31 (23' 11¾") |} ==== Individual achievements ==== {| !Year !Competition !Venue !Position !Event !Result |- ! colspan="6" |Dey represent de United States |- | rowspan="3" |1992 | rowspan="3" |World Junior Championships | rowspan="3" |Seoul, South Korea |5th |100 m |11.58 <small>(wind: +0.3&nbsp;m/s)</small> |- |7th |200 m |24.09 <small>(wind: +0.3&nbsp;m/s)</small> |- | bgcolor="silver" |2nd |4 × 100 m relay |44.51 |- | rowspan="2" |1997 | rowspan="2" |IAAF World Championships | rowspan="2" |Athens, Greece | style="background:gold; text-align:center;" |1st |100 m |10.83 |- | style="text-align:center;" |10th |Long jump |6.63 m |- | rowspan="3" |1998 | rowspan="3" |IAAF World Cup | rowspan="3" |Johannesburg, [[South Africa]] | style="background:gold; text-align:center;" |1st |100 m |10.65A |- | style="background:gold; text-align:center;" |1st |200 m |21.62A |- | style="background:silver; text-align:center;" |2nd |Long jump |7.00A (22' 11¾") |- | rowspan="2" |1999 | rowspan="2" |IAAF World Championships | rowspan="2" |Sevilla, Spain | style="background:gold; text-align:center;" |1st |100 m |10.70 |- | style="background:#c96; text-align:center;" |3rd |Long jump |6.83 (22&nbsp;ft 5 in) |- | rowspan="3" |2000 | rowspan="3" |2000 Summer Olympics | rowspan="3" |Sydney, Australia | style="background:pink; text-align:center;" |dq |100 m |10.75 |- | style="background:pink; text-align:center;" |dq |200 m |21.84 |- | style="background:pink; text-align:center;" |dq |Long jump |6.92 (22' 8½") |- | rowspan="2" |2001 | rowspan="2" |IAAF World Championships | rowspan="2" |Edmonton, Canada | style="background:pink; text-align:center;" |dq |100 m |10.85 |- | style="background:pink; text-align:center;" |dq |200 m |22.39 |- |2002 |IAAF World Cup |Madrid, Spain | style="background:pink; text-align:center;" |dq |100 m |10.90 |- | rowspan="2" |2004 | rowspan="2" |2004 Summer Olympics | rowspan="2" |Athens, Greece | style="background:pink; text-align:center;" |dq |Long jump |6.85 m |- | style="background:pink; text-align:center;" |dq |4 × 100 m |DNF |} * Na de United States Anti-Doping Agency strip Jones of every single medal, point den result na she receive after September 1, 2000, after she admit to she use performance-enhancing steroids prior to de 2000 Summer Olympics.<ref>{{cite news|last=Armour|first=Nancy|date=October 8, 2007|title=Marion Jones returns her five Olympic medals, accepts 2-year ban|url=http://www.pantagraph.com/sports/professional/article_fc4c2c33-90df-53c9-a65e-0f385a3ace9d.html|publisher=pantagraph.com|agency=Associated Press}}</ref> ==== Awards ==== * World Athletics Awards :: World Athlete of de Year (Women): 1997, 1998<ref>{{Cite web|title=World Athletes of the Year|url=https://assets.aws.worldathletics.org/document/651c81d5050f9b2bc0433282.pdf?_gl=1*6hkuqu*_ga*NjYxMTM1NTI5LjE3MTUyMjE3MTY.*_ga_7FE9YV46NW*MTcxNTIyMTcxNS4xLjEuMTcxNTIyMTcyMi4wLjAuMA..|url-status=live|access-date=|website=World Athletics|format=PDF}}</ref> === WNBA === ==== Regular season ==== {| class="wikitable" | | | |Legend | | | | |- |  GP |Games she play |  GS |Games she start | MPG |Minutes per game | RPG |Rebounds per game |- | APG |Assists per game | SPG |Steals per game | BPG |Blocks per game | PPG |Points per game |- | TO |Turnovers per game | FG% |Field-goal percentage | 3P% |3-point field-goal percentage | FT% |Free-throw percentage |- | '''Bold''' |Career best |° |League leader |} {| class="wikitable" | style="background:#ffcc00; width:3em;" |* |Dey denote season(s) insyd wich na Jones win an NCAA Championship |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ !Year !Team !GP !GS !MPG !FG% !3P% !FT% !RPG !APG !SPG !BPG !TO !PPG |- |''2003'' | colspan="13" rowspan="7" |''She no appear insyd league'' |- |''2004'' |- |''2005'' |- |''2006'' |- |''2007'' |- |''2008'' |- |''2009'' |- | align="left" |2010 | align="left" |Tulsa |'''33''' |'''1''' |'''9.4''' |'''52.5''' |'''25.0''' |'''59.5''' |'''1.6''' |'''0.6''' |0.5 |'''0.2''' |0.7 |'''3.4''' |- | align="left" |2011 | align="left" |Tulsa |14 |0 |6.5 |19.0 |0.0 |50.0 |0.4 |0.2 |0.5 |0.1 |'''0.4''' |0.7 |- | align="left" |'''Career''' | align="left" |2 years, 1 team |47 |1 |8.6 |45.5 |16.7 |58.7 |1.3 |0.5 |0.5 |0.2 |0.6 |2.6 |} === College basketball === {| class="wikitable sortable" |+NCAA statistics<ref>{{Cite web|title=5068907|url=https://goheels.com/documents/2017/6/22/5068907.pdf|access-date=2025-08-21|website=University of North Carolina Athletics|language=en}}</ref> !Year !Team !GP !GS !MPG !FG% !3P% !FT% !RPG !APG !SPG !BPG !TO !PPG |- | align="left" |1993–94* | align="left" |North Carolina |'''35''' | | |.529 |.280 |'''.713''' |4.1 |3.0 |3.2 |0.8 | |14.1 |- | align="left" |1994–95 | align="left" |North Carolina |35 | | |.525 |'''.298''' |.655 |'''5.0''' |'''4.8''' |'''3.5''' |'''0.9''' | |17.9 |- | align="left" |''1995–96'' | align="left" |North Carolina | colspan="12" |''She no play secof injury'' |- | align="left" |1996–97 | align="left" |North Carolina |32 | | |'''.536''' |.267 |.657 |4.7 |4.1 |3.1 |0.6 | |'''18.6''' |- | colspan="2" align="center" |'''Career''' |102 |— |— |.530 |.284 |.670 |4.6 |4.0 |3.3 |0.8 |— |16.8 |} == References == [[Category:American women's basketball players]] <references /> === Oda sources === * {{cite web|title=Biography: Marion Jones|url=http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/athlete%3D62739/|url-status=live|access-date=2008-01-13|work=Focus on Athletes|publisher=International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF)}} * {{cite web|date=April 30, 2007|title=Marion Jones|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070621193541/http://www.usatf.org/athletes/bios/Jones_Marion.asp|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070621193541/http://www.usatf.org/athletes/bios/Jones_Marion.asp|archive-date=2007-06-21|access-date=2007-06-01|work=Athlete Bios|publisher=USA Track and Field (USATF)}} * {{cite web|title=Marion Jones|url=http://www.usolympicteam.com/26_1339.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071213063904/http://www.usolympicteam.com/26_1339.htm|archive-date=December 13, 2007|access-date=2008-01-13|publisher=United States Olympic Committee (USOC)}} == External links == {{Commons}} * Career statistics from [https://www.wnba.com/player/marion-jones/ WNBA.com] · [https://www.basketball-reference.com/wnba/players/j/jonesma01w.html Basketball Reference] * [https://worldathletics.org/athletes/-/14313964 Marion Jones] at World Athletics * [[imdbname:1201431|Marion Jones]] at IMDb * New York Times Topic: [https://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/j/marion_jones/index.html?inline=nyt-per People: Marion Jones] * [https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20071025021346/http://multimedia.nydailynews.com/pdf/2007/10/05/marion_jones/JonesPleaAgreement.pdf 10-05-2007 Federal Plea Bargain Agreement] * [http://www.thesmokinggun.com/archive/years/2008/0102082jones1.html 12-28-2007 Marion Jones's Legal Filing Requesting Parole] * [https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/marionjonesapologyforsteroiduse.htm Complete text, audio, video of Marion Jones-Thompson apology speech] * [http://www.dyestat.com/ATHLETICS//////TRACK/stat_rec.doc California State Records before 2000] * {{cite web | access-date = 2008-01-13 | url = http://www.topspeedfilm.com/jones.html | title = Profiles in Speed: Marion Jones | publisher = Top Speed | year = 2003 | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080123113248/http://www.topspeedfilm.com/jones.html | archive-date = January 23, 2008 | df = mdy-all }} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Jones, Marion}} [[Category:1975 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:African-American track den field athletes]] [[Category:All-American college women's basketball players]] [[Category:American female long jumpers]] [[Category:American female sprinters]] [[Category:American people of Belizean descent]] [[Category:American people dem convict of making false statements]] [[Category:American people dem convict of perjury]] [[Category:Sportspeople of Belizean descent]] [[Category:American sportspeople dem convict of crimes]] [[Category:American sportspeople insyd doping cases]] [[Category:American women's basketball players]] [[Category:Athletes dem strip of World Athletics Championships medals]] [[Category:Athletes (track den field) at de 2000 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Athletes (track den field) at de 2004 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Basketball players wey komot Los Angeles]] [[Category:Belizean female sprinters]] [[Category:Competitors dem strip of Summer Olympics medals]] [[Category:Doping cases insyd athletics]] [[Category:Goodwill Games medalists insyd athletics]] [[Category:IAAF Golden League winners]] [[Category:World Athletics record holders (relay)]] [[Category:Laureus World Sports Awards winners]] [[Category:North Carolina Tar Heels women's basketball players]] [[Category:Olympic track den field athletes for de United States]] [[Category:Sportspeople wey komot Ventura County, California]] [[Category:Naturalized citizens of Belize]] [[Category:Phoenix Mercury draft picks]] [[Category:Point guards]] [[Category:Prisoners den detainees of de United States federal government]] [[Category:Track den field athletes wey komot Austin, Texas]] [[Category:Basketball players wey komot Ventura County, California]] [[Category:Track den field athletes wey komot Los Angeles]] [[Category:Track & Field News Athlete of de Year winners]] [[Category:Tulsa Shock players]] [[Category:USA Outdoor Track den Field Championships winners]] [[Category:World Athletics Championships athletes for de United States]] [[Category:World Athletics Championships medalists]] [[Category:World Athletics Championships winners]] [[Category:21st-century American criminals]] [[Category:Competitors at de 1998 Goodwill Games]] [[Category:Competitors at de 2001 Goodwill Games]] [[Category:Goodwill Games gold medalists insyd athletics]] [[Category:21st-century African-American sportswomen]] [[Category:20th-century African-American sportswomen]] [[Category:20th-century American sportswomen]] [[Category:North Carolina Tar Heels women's track den field athletes]] [[Category:21st-century American sportswomen]] [[Category:Thousand Oaks High School alumni]] [[Category:Sportspeople dem convict of crimes]] 1zr42hpl7qi7kceh2naxkewezj15cmt 0 22132 112364 81150 2026-09-24T17:56:56Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112364 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease''' ('''CMT''') be an inherited neurological disorder wey dey affect de peripheral nerves responsible for transmitting signals between de brain, spinal cord, den de rest of de body.<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |last1=Murphy |first1=Sinead M. |last2=Laura |first2=Matilde |last3=Fawcett |first3=Katherine |last4=Pandraud |first4=Amelie |last5=Liu |first5=Yo-Tsen |last6=Davidson |first6=Gabrielle L. |last7=Rossor |first7=Alexander M. |last8=Polke |first8=James M. |last9=Castleman |first9=Victoria |last10=Manji |first10=Hadi |last11=Lunn |first11=Michael P. T. |last12=Bull |first12=Karen |last13=Ramdharry |first13=Gita |last14=Davis |first14=Mary |last15=Blake |first15=Julian C. |date=2012-07-01 |title=Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: frequency of genetic subtypes and guidelines for genetic testing |url=https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/83/7/706 |journal=Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry |language=en |volume=83 |issue=7 |pages=706–710 |doi=10.1136/jnnp-2012-302451 |issn=0022-3050 |pmc=3736805 |pmid=22577229}}</ref> Dis be de most common inherited neuropathy wey dey cause sensory den motor symptoms of numbness, tingling, weakness den muscle atrophy, pain, den progressive foot deformities over time. Insyd sam cases, CMT sanso dey affect nerves wey dey control automatic bodily functions like sweating den balance. Symptoms typically dey start insyd de feet den legs before spreading to de hands den arms. While sam individuals dey experience minimal symptoms, odas fi face significant physical limitations. Der be no cure give CMT; however, treatments such as physical therapy, orthopedic devices, surgery, den medications fi help manage symptoms den improve quality of life.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease {{!}} National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke |url=https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/charcot-marie-tooth-disease |access-date=2025-04-11 |website=www.ninds.nih.gov |language=en}}</ref> CMT be caused by mutations insyd over 100 different genes, wich dey disrupt de function of nerve cells dema axons (responsible for transmitting signals) den dema myelin sheaths (wich dey insulate den accelerate signal transmission). Wen dese components be damaged, nerve signal transmission dey slow down anaa cam be impaired, wey dey lead to problems plus muscle control den sensory feedback. Na dem discover de condition insyd 1886 by Doctors Jean-Martin Charcot den Pierre Marie of [[France]] den Howard Henry Tooth of de [[United Kingdom]].<ref name=":6" /> Dis disease be de most commonly inherited neurological disorder, wey dey affect approximately one insyd 2,500 people.<ref name="Krajewski">{{cite journal |vauthors=Krajewski KM, Lewis RA, Fuerst DR, Turansky C, Hinderer SR, Garbern J, Kamholz J, Shy ME |date=July 2000 |title=Neurological dysfunction and axonal degeneration in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_brain_2000-07_123_7/page/1516 |journal=Brain |volume=123 |issue=7 |pages=1516–1527 |doi=10.1093/brain/123.7.1516 |pmid=10869062 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Medscape">{{EMedicine|article|315260|Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation for Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease}}</ref> == Public figures plus CMT == * US country music singer Alan Jackson. Na dem definitively diagnose Jackson insyd ein early 50s.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-28 |title=Country star Alan Jackson reveals balance issues are related to health condition |url=https://www.today.com/health/country-star-alan-jackson-announces-cmt-diagnosis-today-t232178 |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=TODAY.com |language=en}} </ref> *US actor Julie Newmar. She play de original Catwoman insyd de 1960s ''Batman'' television series.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Actress shares her story about having CMT {{!}} ABC7 Los Angeles {{!}} abc7.com |url=https://abc7.com/archive/7442797/ |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=ABC7 Los Angeles |language=en}}</ref> *US Paralympic cyclist Anthony Zahn. He win a bronze medal at de 2008 Beijing Paralympic Games.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Price |first=Jill |date=2020-01-12 |title=Celebrities with CMT Help to Raise Awareness and Inspire Others |url=https://charcot-marie-toothnews.com/columns/celebrities-awareness-positive-experiences/ |access-date=2025-11-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> * UK cultural den disability studies academic Professor George McKay. Ein books dey include [https://press.umich.edu/Books/S/Shakin-All-Over ''Shakin' All Over: Popular Music and Disability''] (2014).<ref>{{Cite web |title=On using a walking stick for the first time – GEORGE McKAY professor writer musician |url=https://georgemckay.org/on-using-a-walking-stick-for-the-first-time/ |access-date=2025-11-09 |language=en-GB}}</ref> * US actress Isabelle Tate die of de disease insyd 2025. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-10-25 |title=What is Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease? 911 Nashville actor Isabelle Tate’s cause of death explained - Yahoo News UK |url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/charcot-marie-tooth-disease-911-143454738.html |access-date=2025-11-07 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-GB}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}}{{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease}} [[Category:Peripheral nervous system disorders]] [[Category:Cytoskeletal defects]] [[Category:Syndromes wey dey affect de nervous system]] [[Category:Diseases dem name after discoverers]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] fwswvlyo5xcckyuu1lj7y8nd44opzg5 0 22134 112519 81327 2026-09-25T01:54:45Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112519 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mmamabula''' be a planned coal mine den coal-fired power station to de east of de main road den rail corridor insyd [[Botswana]] between [[Gaborone]] den Francistown den south of de Serorome River.{{sfn|CIC Energy|2012}}{{sfn|CIC Energy|2011}} Na de power station go be near to de village of Mmaphashalala.{{sfn|Horvei|2009|p=21}} E be about {{convert|130|km}} north of de capital city of Gaborone.{{sfn|$300m dam...}} == Coalfield == Dem dey consider de Mmamabula coalfield e be a western extension of de Waterberg Coalfield insyd de Ellisras Basin insyd South Africa,{{sfn|CIC Energy|2010}} to de east, wich dey contain about 40% of South Africa ein coal resources. CIC Energy of Canada own two prospecting licences insyd de coal field wey na dem conduct extensive exploratory drilling between 2005 den 2012. De portions of de coalfield for wich na CIC Energy hold licences dem estimate e get 2.4 billion tonnes of thermal coal of a quality suitable for export, for local power generation den for coal gasification. Na deposits be roughly 360 million tonnes insyd de Central block, 643 million tonnes insyd de Western block, den 1,392 million tonnes insyd de Eastern block.{{sfn|CIC Energy|2012}} De South block, wich dey lie on both sides of de road den rail corridor, be estimated to hold anoda 311 million tonnes of coal.{{sfn|CIC Energy|2010}} == Initial mining den power plan == De planned Serorome coal mine go be insyd de Central Block, wey dey supply 4.7 million metric sales tonnes annually for at least thirty years to de planned 1,200&nbsp;MW Mmamabula power station. Dem go use open cast mining for 30% of de area, den underground bord and pillar mining for de remainder.{{sfn|CIC Energy|2012}} Water from de Dikgatlhong Dam, dem plete insyd 2012, na dem expect am to supply de coalfield den power station via de North-South Carrier pipeline.{{sfn|$300m dam...}} Insyd March 2009, na CIC Energy announce say e sign a contract plus Shanghai Electric as contractor for engineering, procurement den construction of de Mmamabula Energy Project (MEP), plus commercial operations dem expect to start four years after na dem arrange financing. De same month na CIC Energy submit bids to Eskom of South Africa den Botswana Power Corporation to supply electricity.{{sfn|CIC Energy|2011}} South Africa get a target date to gazette dema Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) by September 2010. Dis go lay out South Africa ein strategy for meeting new energy needs from 2013 dey go, dem assume to include new government-owned facilities den contracts plus private suppliers such as CIC Energy. Na South Africa say dem no fi commit to any Power Purchasing Agreement (PPA) plus CIC before na dem approve de IRP. De delay go affect Botswana, wich dem need a portion of de plant ein output to meet projected demand.{{sfn|Benza|2010}} Na dem eventually plete de IRP insyd May 2011. Na e no include any window for purchase of power from Mmamabula before 2019, wey then na de amounts dem purchase go be less dan 1200&nbsp;MW. Na dem force CIC Energy to put de project on hold after dem invest over C$100 million.{{sfn|CIC Energy|2011}} == References == === Citations === <references /> '''Sources''' * {{cite web |date=16 July 2010 |title=$300m dam in Botswana to be complete by 2012 |url=http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/300-m-dam-in-botswana-to-be-complete-by-2012-2010-07-16 |access-date=2012-09-21 |work=Engineering News |ref={{harvid|$300m dam...}}}} * {{cite web |last=Benza |first=Brian |date=25 June 2010 |title=CIC still bullish about Mmamabula |url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=3268&dir=2010/June/Friday25 |access-date=2012-09-21 |work=Mmegi Online}} * {{cite web |last=Benza |first=Brian |date=24 August 2012a |title=Indian firm gets nod to buy Mmamabula |url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=1&aid=777&dir=2012/August/Friday24 |access-date=2012-09-21 |work=Mmegi Online}} * {{cite web |last=Benza |first=Brian |date=7 September 2012b |title=Indian firm to invest P5bn to develop Mmamabula |url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=1079&dir=2012/September/Friday7 |access-date=2012-09-21 |work=Mmegi Online}} * {{cite web |author=CIC Energy |year=2010 |title=Mmamabula Coalfield |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101106124458/http://www.cicenergycorp.com/project/mmamabula_coalfield/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101106124458/http://www.cicenergycorp.com/project/mmamabula_coalfield/ |archive-date=2010-11-06 |access-date=2012-09-21}} * {{cite web |author=CIC Energy |date=July 2011 |title=Mmamabula Energy Project |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120922235811/http://cicenergycorp.com/project/info_mmamabula/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120922235811/https://web.archive.org/web/20120922235811/http://cicenergycorp.com/project/info_mmamabula/ |archive-date=22 September 2012 |access-date=2012-09-21}} * {{cite web |author=CIC Energy |date=February 2012 |title=Mmamabula Coalfield |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101106124458/http://www.cicenergycorp.com/project/mmamabula_coalfield/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101106124458/http://www.cicenergycorp.com/project/mmamabula_coalfield/ |archive-date=6 November 2010 |access-date=2012-09-21 |df=dmy-all}} * {{cite web |last=Horvei |first=Tore |date=17 July 2009 |title=Mmamabula Energy Project ("MEP"), Botswana – "The Road to Financial Close" |url=http://www.sapp.co.zw/docs/Mmamabula%20RT%20Presentation%20july%202009.pdf |access-date=2012-09-21 |publisher=CIC Energy}} * {{cite web |title=Pre-feasibility study for the export of coal from the Mmamabula Coal Fields, Botswana |url=http://www.aurecongroup.com/en/Projects/Transport/Pre-feasibility-study-for-the-export-of-coal-from-the-Mmamabula-Coal-Fields |access-date=2012-09-21 |publisher=Aurecon Group Brand (Pte) Ltd. |ref={{harvid|Pre-feasibility study}}}} * {{cite web |date=22 June 2012 |title=Scramble for Mmamabula licences draws 39 firms |url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=1235&dir=2012/June/Friday22 |access-date=2012-09-21 |work=Mmegi Online |ref={{harvid|Scramble for Mmamabula licences...}}}} * {{cite web |date=29 March 2012 |title=Shot in the arm for Mmamabula |url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=285&dir=2012/March/Thursday29 |access-date=2012-09-21 |work=Mmegi Online |ref={{harvid|Shot in the arm for Mmamabula}}}} * {{cite web |date=20 January 2012 |title=Takeover hopes brighten for Mmamabula, Mmamantswe |url=http://www.mmegi.bw/index.php?sid=4&aid=30&dir=2012/January/Friday20 |access-date=2012-09-21 |work=Mmegi Online |ref={{harvid|Takeover hopes brighten...}}}} * {{cite web |last=Wheeler |first=David |date=15 February 2008 |title=Crossroads at Mmamabula: Will the World Bank Choose the Clean Energy Path? - Working Paper 140 |url=http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/15401 |access-date=2012-09-21 |publisher=Center for Global Development}} [[Category:Coal-fired power stations insyd Botswana]] [[Category:Coal mines insyd Botswana]] bxqrap37xlahph9c8m07rs5r8v4frfg 0 22161 112299 108750 2026-09-24T16:20:04Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112299 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dissociative identity disorder''' ('''DID'''), dem previously know as '''multiple personality disorder''' ('''MPD'''), be characterized by de presence of at least two personality states anaa "alters". De diagnosis be controversial wey remain disputed.<ref name="Peters-2017">{{Cite web |last1=Peters |first1=Matthew E. |last2=Treisman |first2=Glenn |date=2017 |title=Dissociative Identity Disorder |url=https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_Psychiatry_Guide/787069/all/Dissociative_Identity_Disorder?refer=true |access-date= |website=Johns Hopkins Psychiatry Guide |language=en}}</ref><ref name="pmid155037302">{{cite journal |vauthors=Piper A, Merskey H |year=2004 |title=The persistence of folly: A critical examination of dissociative identity disorder. Part I. The excesses of an improbable concept |journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry |volume=49 |issue=9 |pages=592–600 |doi=10.1177/070674370404900904 |pmid=15503730 |s2cid=16714465 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="pmid155603142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Piper A, Merskey H |year=2004 |title=The persistence of folly: Critical examination of dissociative identity disorder. Part II. The defence and decline of multiple personality or dissociative identity disorder |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_canadian-journal-of-psychiatry_2004-10_49_10/page/678 |journal=Canadian Journal of Psychiatry |volume=49 |issue=10 |pages=678–683 |doi=10.1177/070674370404901005 |pmid=15560314 |s2cid=8304723 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Proponents of DID dey support de ''trauma model'', wey dey view de disorder as an organic response to severe kiddie time trauma. Critics of de trauma model dey support de ''sociogenic'' (fantasy) ''model'' of DID as a societal construct den learned behavior dem use to express distress; dem develop thru iatrogenesis insyd therapy, cultural beliefs, den exposure to de behavior insyd media anaa online.<ref name="Peters-2017" /> Na public perceptions of de disorder be popularized by alleged true stories insyd de 20th century; na ''Sybil'' influence chaw elements of de diagnosis, buh na dem later find to be fraudulent.<ref name="Peters-2017" /><ref name="MacNally-20113">{{Cite book |last=MacNally |first=Richard J. |author-link=Richard McNally |title=What is Mental Illness? |url=https://archive.org/details/whatismentalilln0000mcna_q9q1 |date=2011 |publisher=[[Harvard University Press]] (Belknap Press) |isbn=978-0-674-06620-5 |location= |pages=[https://archive.org/details/whatismentalilln0000mcna_q9q1/page/139 139]–143}}</ref> After na dem recognize multiple personality disorder (MPD) as a diagnosis insyd DSM-III insyd 1975, an epidemic of de disorder spread across North America, dem closely tie to de satanic panic. Therapists begin dey use hypnosis on patients, na dem dey believe dem dey discover alters den dey recover forgotten memories of satanic ritual abuse. Psychologists familiar plus de malleability of memory argue na dem dey construct false memories.<ref name="MacNally-20113" /> Na diagnoses reach 50,000 by de 1990s, buh na de FBI fail to validate allegations dem make against caregivers. Na skepticism increase wen na MPD patients recover from de behavior, dem retract dema false memories, wey dem bring successful lawsuits against therapists.<ref name="MacNally-20113" /> Na a sharp decline insyd cases wey follow, wey na dem reclassify de disorder as "dissociative identity disorder" (DID) insyd DSM-IV.<ref name="MacNally-20113" /> Insyd de 2020s, an uptick insyd DID cases follow de spread of viral videos about de disorder on TikTok den YouTube. According to de DSM, de disorder be accompanied by memory gaps more severe dan dem fi be explained by ordinary forgetfulness, wey dey include gaps insyd consciousness, basic bodily functions, den perception.<ref name="DSM5">{{cite book |author=American Psychiatric Association |author-link=American Psychiatric Association |url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/291 |title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders |publisher=American Psychiatric Publishing |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-89042-555-8 |edition=5th |location=Arlington |pages=[https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/291 291–298]}}</ref> Na research challenge dis premise; na McNally find say although na patients report amnesia between alters, na objective tests find dema memory function be intact.<ref name="Reuell-20122">{{Cite web |last=Reuell |first=Peter |date=2012-08-19 |title=A story that doesn't hold up |url=https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2012/08/a-story-that-doesnt-hold-up/ |access-date=2025-10-09 |website=Harvard Gazette |language=en-US}}</ref> Sam clinicians view am as a form of hysteria.<ref name="Peters-2017" /> After a sharp decline insyd publications insyd de early 2000s from de peak insyd de 90s, na Pope et al. (2006) describe de disorder as an academic fad.<ref name="Pope2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pope HG, Barry S, Bodkin A, Hudson JI |year=2006 |title=Tracking scientific interest in the dissociative disorders: A study of scientific publication output 1984–2003 |journal=Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics |volume=75 |issue=1 |pages=19–24 |doi=10.1159/000089223 |pmid=16361871 |s2cid=9351660}}</ref> Boysen et al. (2012) describe research as steady, buh dey lack in convincing evidence.<ref name="Peters-2017" /><ref name="boysen20242">{{cite journal |last=Boysen |first=Guy A. |year=2024 |title=Dissociative Identity Disorder: A Review of Research From 2011 to 2021 |journal=Nervous and Mental Disease |volume=212 |pages=174–186 |doi=10.1097/NMD.0000000000001764 |pmid=38412243 |quote=Despite previous assertions about declining interest in DID (Pope et al., 2005), research output increased in the second decade of the 2000s.[...] It appears that the heat of past DID controversies has diminished somewhat with the rise of multidimensional models of psychopathology, and research on the disorder, although limited in several ways, has steadily emerged in the second decade of the century |number=3}}</ref> According to de DSM-5-TR, early childhood trauma, typically dey start before 5–6 years of age, dey place someone at risk of developing dissociative identity disorder.<ref name="American-Psychiatric-Association-2022">{{Cite book |title=DSM-5-TR classification |date=2022 |publisher=American Psychiatric Association |isbn=978-0-89042-583-1 |location=Washington, DC |oclc=1268112689}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dissociative Identity Disorder: What Is It, Symptoms & Treatment |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9792-dissociative-identity-disorder-multiple-personality-disorder |access-date=2023-04-13 |website=Cleveland Clinic |language=en}}</ref> Across diverse geographic regions, 90% of people dem diagnose plus dissociative identity disorder report dem dey experience multiple forms of childhood abuse, such as rape, violence, neglect, anaa severe bullying.<ref name="American-Psychiatric-Association-2022" /> Oda traumatic childhood experiences wey na dem report dey include painful medical den surgical procedures,<ref name="American-Psychiatric-Association-2022" /><ref name="Dissociative-Identity-Disorder">{{cite web |title=Dissociative Identity Disorder - Psychiatric Disorders |url=https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/dissociative-disorders/dissociative-identity-disorder}}</ref> war,<ref name="American-Psychiatric-Association-2022" /> terrorism,<ref name="American-Psychiatric-Association-2022" /> attachment disturbance,<ref name="American-Psychiatric-Association-2022" /> natural disaster, cult den occult abuse, loss of a loved one anaa loved ones,<ref name="Dissociative-Identity-Disorder" /> human trafficking,<ref name="American-Psychiatric-Association-2022" /> den dysfunctional family dynamics.<ref name="American-Psychiatric-Association-2022" /><ref name="Vedat">{{cite journal |vauthors=Şar V, Dorahy MJ, Krüger C |date=2017 |title=Revisiting the etiological aspects of dissociative identity disorder: a biopsychosocial perspective |journal=[[Psychology Research and Behavior Management]] |volume=10 |issue=10 |pages=137–146 |doi=10.2147/PRBM.S113743 |pmc=5422461 |pmid=28496375 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Treatment generally dey involve supportive care den psychotherapy.<ref name="Mer2019Pro2">{{cite web |date=March 2019 |title=Dissociative identity disorder |url=https://www.msdmanuals.com/en-gb/professional/psychiatric-disorders/dissociative-disorders/dissociative-identity-disorder |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200528111029/https://www.msdmanuals.com/en-gb/professional/psychiatric-disorders/dissociative-disorders/dissociative-identity-disorder |archive-date=28 May 2020 |access-date=8 June 2020 |website=MSD Manuals |series=Psychiatric disorders |edition=Professional}}</ref> Dem fi use medications for comorbid disorders anaa targeted symptom relief.<ref name="Guidelines20112">{{cite journal |author=International Society for the Study of Trauma Dissociation |year=2011 |title=Guidelines for treating dissociative identity disorder in adults, third revision |journal=Journal of Trauma & Dissociation |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=188–212 |doi=10.1080/15299732.2011.537248 |pmid=21391104 |s2cid=44952969}}</ref><ref name="MacDonald3">{{cite journal |last1=MacDonald |first1=Kai |date=1 May 2008 |title=Dissociative disorders unclear? Think 'rainbows from pain blows' |url=https://cdn.mdedge.com/files/s3fs-public/Document/September-2017/0705CP_Article3.pdf |journal=Current Psychiatry |volume=7 |issue=5 |pages=73–85 |id=Gale A179269544}}</ref> Lifetime prevalence, according to two epidemiological studies insyd de US den Turkey, be between 1.1–1.5% of de general population den 3.9% of those dem admit to psychiatric hospitals insyd Europe den North America,<ref name="DSM5" /><ref name="American-Psychiatric-Association-2022" /><ref name="Guidelines20112" /> though na dem argue dese figures to be both overestimates den underestimates. Comorbidity plus oda psychiatric conditions be high.<ref name="Dorahy20144">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dorahy MJ, Brand BL, Sar V, Krüger C, Stavropoulos P, Martínez-Taboas A, Lewis-Fernández R, Middleton W |date=2014 |title=Dissociative identity disorder: An empirical overview |journal=Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry |volume=48 |issue=5 |pages=402–417 |doi=10.1177/0004867414527523 |hdl=2263/43470 |pmid=24788904 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref name="lynn20222">{{cite journal |last1=Lynn |first1=Steven Jay |last2=Polizzi |first2=Craig |last3=Merckelbach |first3=Harald |last4=Chiu |first4=Chui-De |last5=Maxwell |first5=Reed |last6=van Heugten |first6=Delena |last7=Lilenfeld |first7=Scott O. |year=2022 |title=Dissociation and Dissociative Disorders Reconsidered: Beyond Sociocognitive and Trauma Models Toward a Transtheoretical Framework |url=https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/en/publications/d9ed143a-05cf-45c6-8089-0ae4820073f3 |journal=Annual Review of Clinical Psychology |volume=9 |pages=259–289 |doi=10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081219-102424 |pmid=35226824 |number=18}}</ref> Dem dey diagnose DID 6–9 times more often insyd women dan insyd men.<ref name="Hersen20142">{{cite book |last1=Beidel |first1=Deborah C. |author1-link=Deborah Beidel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Uh0nCgAAQBAJ |title=Adult psychopathology and diagnosis |last2=Frueh |first2=B. Christopher |last3=Hersen |first3=Michel |publisher=Wiley |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-118-65708-9 |edition=7th |location=Hoboken, N.J. |pages=414–422}}</ref> De number of recorded cases increase significantly insyd de latter half of de 20th century, along plus de number of identities dem report by those affected, buh e be unclear whether increased rates of diagnosis be secof better recognition anaa to sociocultural factors such as mass media portrayals.<ref name="Hersen20142" /> De typical presenting symptoms insyd different regions of de world sanso fi vary depending on culture, such as alter identities wey dey take de form of possessing spirits, deities, ghosts, anaa mythical creatures insyd cultures where possession states be normative.<ref name="DSM5" /><ref name="American-Psychiatric-Association-2022" /> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == {{Sister project links |wikt=dissociative identity disorder |commons=Dissociative identity disorder |commonscat=yes |n=no |q=no |s=yes |b=no |v=no |d=}} * {{cite web |title=International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation |url=http://www.isst-d.org/}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Dissociative disorders]] [[Category:Memory disorders]] [[Category:Dissociative identity disorder| ]] l07coybbio3580csu68qnp3ac0qfuom 0 22179 112367 110967 2026-09-24T18:01:39Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112367 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome''' ('''POTS''') be a condition wey be characterized by an abnormally large increase in heart rate upon sitting up anaa standing.<ref name="pmid23122672">{{cite journal | vauthors = Benarroch EE | title = Postural tachycardia syndrome: a heterogeneous and multifactorial disorder | journal = Mayo Clinic Proceedings | volume = 87 | issue = 12 | pages = 1214–1225 | date = December 2012 | pmid = 23122672 | pmc = 3547546 | doi = 10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.08.013 }}</ref> POTS insyd adults be characterized by a heart rate increase of 30 beats per minute within ten minutes of standing up, wey be accompanied by oda symptoms.<ref name="pmid23122672" /> Na dis increased heart rate for occur insyd de absence of orthostatic hypotension (>20&nbsp;mm Hg drop insyd systolic blood pressure)<ref name="pmid25980576">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Sheldon RS, Grubb BP, Olshansky B, Shen WK, Calkins H, Brignole M, Raj SR, Krahn AD, Morillo CA, Stewart JM, Sutton R, Sandroni P, Friday KJ, Hachul DT, Cohen MI, Lau DH, Mayuga KA, Moak JP, Sandhu RK, Kanjwal K |date=June 2015 |title=2015 heart rhythm society expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and treatment of postural tachycardia syndrome, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, and vasovagal syncope |journal=Heart Rhythm |volume=12 |issue=6 |pages=e41–e63 |doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.03.029 |pmc=5267948 |pmid=25980576}}</ref> to be considered POTS. POTS be a disorder of de autonomic nervous system wey fi lead to a variety of symptoms, wey dey include lightheadedness, brain fog, blurred vision, weakness, fatigue, headaches, heart palpitations, exercise intolerance, nausea, difficulty concentrating, tremulousness (shaking), syncope (fainting), coldness, pain anaa numbness insyd de extremities, chest pain, den shortness of breath.<ref name="pmid23122672" /><ref name="pmid32528589">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wells R, Paterson F, Bacchi S, Page A, Baumert M, Lau DH |date=June 2020 |title=Brain fog in postural tachycardia syndrome: An objective cerebral blood flow and neurocognitive analysis |journal=Journal of Arrhythmia |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=549–552 |doi=10.1002/joa3.12325 |pmc=7280003 |pmid=32528589}}</ref><ref name="pmid23999934">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ross AJ, Medow MS, Rowe PC, Stewart JM |date=December 2013 |title=What is brain fog? An evaluation of the symptom in postural tachycardia syndrome |journal=Clinical Autonomic Research |volume=23 |issue=6 |pages=305–311 |doi=10.1007/s10286-013-0212-z |pmc=3896080 |pmid=23999934}}</ref><ref name="pmid341449332">{{cite journal |last1=Vernino |first1=Steven |last2=Bourne |first2=Kate M. |last3=Stiles |first3=Lauren E. |last4=Grubb |first4=Blair P. |last5=Fedorowski |first5=Artur |last6=Stewart |first6=Julian M. |last7=Arnold |first7=Amy C. |last8=Pace |first8=Laura A. |last9=Axelsson |first9=Jonas |last10=Boris |first10=Jeffrey R. |last11=Moak |first11=Jeffrey P. |last12=Goodman |first12=Brent P. |last13=Chémali |first13=Kamal R. |last14=Chung |first14=Tae H. |last15=Goldstein |first15=David S. |date=November 2021 |title=Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS): State of the science and clinical care from a 2019 National Institutes of Health Expert Consensus Meeting - Part 1 |journal=Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical |volume=235 |doi=10.1016/j.autneu.2021.102828 |issn=1566-0702 |pmc=8455420 |pmid=34144933 |article-number=102828}}</ref> Chaw symptoms be worsened plus postural changes, especially standing up. Dem fi treat POTS symptoms olus lifestyle changes such as increasing fluid, electrolyte, den salt intake, wearing compression stockings, slowing down postural changes, exercise, [[medication]], den physical therapy. De causes of POTS be varied.<ref name="Ferri_2017">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rRhCDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1019-IA2 |title=Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017 E-Book: 5 Books in 1 |vauthors=Ferri FF |date=2016 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-323-44838-3 |page=1019.e2 |language=en |access-date=2020-08-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906084453/https://books.google.com/books?id=rRhCDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1019-IA2 |archive-date=2023-09-06 |url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd sam cases, e dey develop after a viral infection, surgery, trauma, autoimmune disease, anaa pregnancy.<ref name="pmid18506020">{{cite journal |vauthors=Grubb BP |date=May 2008 |title=Postural tachycardia syndrome |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_circulation_2008-05-27_117_21/page/2814 |journal=Circulation |volume=117 |issue=21 |pages=2814–2817 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.761643 |pmid=18506020 |doi-access=free}}</ref> E sanso be shown to emerge insyd previously healthy patients after contracting COVID-19,<ref name="pmid33740207">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Raj SR, Arnold AC, Barboi A, Claydon VE, Limberg JK, Lucci VM, Numan M, Peltier A, Snapper H, Vernino S |date=June 2021 |title=Long-COVID postural tachycardia syndrome: an American Autonomic Society statement |journal=Clinical Autonomic Research |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=365–368 |doi=10.1007/s10286-021-00798-2 |pmc=7976723 |pmid=33740207}}</ref><ref name="pmid33786700">{{cite journal |vauthors=Blitshteyn S, Whitelaw S |date=April 2021 |title=Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and other autonomic disorders after COVID-19 infection: a case series of 20 patients |journal=Immunologic Research |volume=69 |issue=2 |pages=205–211 |doi=10.1007/s12026-021-09185-5 |pmc=8009458 |pmid=33786700}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ormiston |first1=Cameron K. |last2=Świątkiewicz |first2=Iwona |last3=Taub |first3=Pam R. |date=2022-11-01 |title=Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome as a sequela of COVID-19 |journal=Heart Rhythm |volume=19 |issue=11 |pages=1880–1889 |doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.07.014 |issn=1547-5271 |pmc=9287587 |pmid=35853576}}</ref> insyd people plus Long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition),<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Svensson |first1=Annie |last2=Svensson-Raskh |first2=Anna |last3=Holmström |first3=Linda |date=28 August 2024 |title=Individually tailored exercise in patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome related to post-COVID-19 condition – a feasibility study |journal=[[Scientific Reports]] |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=20017 |bibcode=2024NatSR..1420017S |doi=10.1038/s41598-024-71055-5 |pmc=11358431 |pmid=39198662}}</ref> anaa possibly insyd rare cases after COVID-19 vaccination, though causative evidence be limited wey na further study be needed.<ref name="Blitshteyn_2022">{{cite journal |vauthors=Blitshteyn S, Fedorowski A |date=12 December 2022 |title=The risks of POTS after COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection: it's worth a shot |journal=Nature Cardiovascular Research |language=en |volume=1 |issue=12 |pages=1119–1120 |doi=10.1038/s44161-022-00180-z |issn=2731-0590 |pmid=39196162 |s2cid=254617706 |doi-access=free}}</ref> POTS be more common among people wey dem get infected plus SARS-CoV-2 dan among those wey dem get vaccinated against COVID-19.<ref name="pmid380001192">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yong SJ, Halim A, Liu S, Halim M, Alshehri AA, Alshahrani MA, Alshahrani MM, Alfaraj AH, Alburaiky LM, Khamis F, Muzaheed, AlShehail BM, Alfaresi M, Al Azmi R, Albayat H, Al Kaabi NA, Alhajri M, Al Amri KA, Alsalman J, Algosaibi SA, Al Fares MA, Almanaa TN, Almutawif YA, Mohapatra RK, Rabaan AA |date=November 2023 |title=Pooled rates and demographics of POTS following SARS-CoV-2 infection versus COVID-19 vaccination: Systematic review and meta-analysis |url= |journal=Auton Neurosci |volume=250 |issue= |doi=10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103132 |pmid=38000119 |s2cid=265383080 |article-number=103132}}</ref> About 30% of severely infected patients plus long COVID get POTS. Risk factors dey include a family history of de condition.<ref name="pmid23122672" /> Treatment fi include: * avoiding factors wey dey bring on symptoms, * increasing dietary salt den water,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Park |first1=Jaehyeon |last2=Tenegra |first2=Johnny |date=December 2021 |title=In adults with POTS, are salt tablets and oral hydration more effective for reducing symptoms than oral hydration alone? |url=https://journals.lww.com/ebp/citation/2021/12000/in_adults_with_pots,_are_salt_tablets_and_oral.22.aspx |journal=Evidence-Based Practice |language=en-US |volume=24 |issue=12 |page=26 |doi=10.1097/EBP.0000000000001267 |issn=2473-3717 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * small den frequent meals,<ref name="pmid30372565">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fedorowski A |date=April 2019 |title=Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: clinical presentation, aetiology and management |journal=Journal of Internal Medicine |volume=285 |issue=4 |pages=352–366 |doi=10.1111/joim.12852 |pmid=30372565 |doi-access=free}}</ref> * avoidance of immobilization,<ref name="pmid30372565" /> * wearing compression stockings, den * medication.<ref name="pmid23122672" /><ref name="pmid23753844">{{cite journal |vauthors=Raj SR |date=June 2013 |title=Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_circulation_2013-06-11_127_23/page/2336 |journal=Circulation |volume=127 |issue=23 |pages=2336–2342 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.144501 |pmc=3756553 |pmid=23753844}}</ref><ref name="pmid32145864">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Raj SR, Guzman JC, Harvey P, Richer L, Schondorf R, Seifer C, Thibodeau-Jarry N, Sheldon RS |date=March 2020 |title=Canadian Cardiovascular Society Position Statement on Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) and Related Disorders of Chronic Orthostatic Intolerance |journal=The Canadian Journal of Cardiology |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=357–372 |doi=10.1016/j.cjca.2019.12.024 |pmid=32145864 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="pmid24819031">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kizilbash SJ, Ahrens SP, Bruce BK, Chelimsky G, Driscoll SW, Harbeck-Weber C, Lloyd RM, Mack KJ, Nelson DE, Ninis N, Pianosi PT, Stewart JM, Weiss KE, Fischer PR |date=2014 |title=Adolescent fatigue, POTS, and recovery: a guide for clinicians |journal=Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care |volume=44 |issue=5 |pages=108–133 |doi=10.1016/j.cppeds.2013.12.014 |pmc=5819886 |pmid=24819031}}</ref> Medications dem use fi include: * beta blockers,<ref name="pmid17352367">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Thieben MJ, Sandroni P, Sletten DM, Benrud-Larson LM, Fealey RD, Vernino S, Lennon VA, Shen WK, Low PA |date=March 2007 |title=Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: the Mayo clinic experience |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_mayo-clinic-proceedings_2007-03_82_3/page/308 |journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings |volume=82 |issue=3 |pages=308–313 |doi=10.4065/82.3.308 |pmid=17352367}}</ref> * pyridostigmine,<ref name="Kanjwal_2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kanjwal K, Karabin B, Sheikh M, Elmer L, Kanjwal Y, Saeed B, Grubb BP |date=June 2011 |title=Pyridostigmine in the treatment of postural orthostatic tachycardia: a single-center experience |journal=Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology |volume=34 |issue=6 |pages=750–755 |doi=10.1111/j.1540-8159.2011.03047.x |pmid=21410722 |s2cid=20405336}}</ref> * midodrine,<ref name="Chen_2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chen L, Wang L, Sun J, Qin J, Tang C, Jin H, Du J |date=2011 |title=Midodrine hydrochloride is effective in the treatment of children with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome |journal=Circulation Journal |volume=75 |issue=4 |pages=927–931 |doi=10.1253/circj.CJ-10-0514 |pmid=21301135 |doi-access=free}}</ref> * fludrocortisone,<ref name="pmid23122672" /> anaa * Ivabradine.<ref name="Tahir2020">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tahir F, Arif T, Majid Z, Ahmed J, Khalid M |date=2020 |title=Ivabradine in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: A Review of the Literature |journal=Cureus |volume=12 |issue=4 |doi=10.7759/cureus.7868 |pmc=7255540 |pmid=32489723 |doi-access=free |article-number=e7868}}</ref> Na more dan 50% of patients wey dema condition be triggered by a viral infection get better within five years.<ref name="pmid18506020" /> About 80% of patients get symptomatic improvement plus treatment, while 25% be so disabled wey dem be unable to work.<ref name="pmid18506020" /> Na a retrospective study on patients plus adolescent-onset show say five years after diagnosis, na 19% of patients get full resolution of symptoms.<ref name="pmid26979650">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Bhatia R, Kizilbash SJ, Ahrens SP, Killian JM, Kimmes SA, Knoebel EE, Muppa P, Weaver AL, Fischer PR |date=June 2016 |title=Outcomes of Adolescent-Onset Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome |journal=The Journal of Pediatrics |volume=173 |pages=149–153 |doi=10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.02.035 |pmid=26979650}}</ref> Na dem estimat say 1–3 million people insyd de United States get POTS.<ref name="Johns Hopkins Medicine-2022">{{cite news|title=Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)|url=https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/postural-orthostatic-tachycardia-syndrome-pots|access-date=November 13, 2023|website=Johns Hopkins Medicine|date=21 December 2022|archive-date=13 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231113192707/https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/postural-orthostatic-tachycardia-syndrome-pots|url-status=live}}</ref> De average age for POTS onset be 20, wey na e dey occur about five times more frequently insyd females dan insyd males.<ref name="pmid23122672" /> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite book |title=Power Over POTS |vauthors=Kress S |date=2018 |publisher=Bookbaby |isbn=978-1-5439-0681-3}} * {{cite book |url=https://neuroscience.nih.gov/publications/PrinciplesofAutonomicMedicinev40.pdf |title=Principles of Autonomic Medicine |vauthors=Goldstein DS |date=2016 |access-date=2020-09-15 |archive-date=2023-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906084454/https://research.ninds.nih.gov/researchers/neuroscience-nih-research-areas }} * {{cite book |title=The Dysautonomia Project |vauthors=Freeman M |date=2015 |publisher=Bardolf |isbn=978-1-938842-24-5}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome}} [[Category:Vascular diseases]] [[Category:Peripheral nervous system disorders]] [[Category:Endocrine diseases]] [[Category:Syndromes]] [[Category:Ailments of unknown cause]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 7z8k3fsg07871m4yjz8vn1xcqtbnxgj 112544 112367 2026-09-25T02:30:46Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112544 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome''' ('''POTS''') be a condition wey be characterized by an abnormally large increase in heart rate upon sitting up anaa standing.<ref name="pmid23122672">{{cite journal | vauthors = Benarroch EE | title = Postural tachycardia syndrome: a heterogeneous and multifactorial disorder | journal = Mayo Clinic Proceedings | volume = 87 | issue = 12 | pages = 1214–1225 | date = December 2012 | pmid = 23122672 | pmc = 3547546 | doi = 10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.08.013 }}</ref> POTS insyd adults be characterized by a heart rate increase of 30 beats per minute within ten minutes of standing up, wey be accompanied by oda symptoms.<ref name="pmid23122672" /> Na dis increased heart rate for occur insyd de absence of orthostatic hypotension (>20&nbsp;mm Hg drop insyd systolic blood pressure)<ref name="pmid25980576">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Sheldon RS, Grubb BP, Olshansky B, Shen WK, Calkins H, Brignole M, Raj SR, Krahn AD, Morillo CA, Stewart JM, Sutton R, Sandroni P, Friday KJ, Hachul DT, Cohen MI, Lau DH, Mayuga KA, Moak JP, Sandhu RK, Kanjwal K |date=June 2015 |title=2015 heart rhythm society expert consensus statement on the diagnosis and treatment of postural tachycardia syndrome, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, and vasovagal syncope |journal=Heart Rhythm |volume=12 |issue=6 |pages=e41–e63 |doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.03.029 |pmc=5267948 |pmid=25980576}}</ref> to be considered POTS. POTS be a disorder of de autonomic nervous system wey fi lead to a variety of symptoms, wey dey include lightheadedness, brain fog, blurred vision, weakness, fatigue, headaches, heart palpitations, exercise intolerance, nausea, difficulty concentrating, tremulousness (shaking), syncope (fainting), coldness, pain anaa numbness insyd de extremities, chest pain, den shortness of breath.<ref name="pmid23122672" /><ref name="pmid32528589">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wells R, Paterson F, Bacchi S, Page A, Baumert M, Lau DH |date=June 2020 |title=Brain fog in postural tachycardia syndrome: An objective cerebral blood flow and neurocognitive analysis |journal=Journal of Arrhythmia |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=549–552 |doi=10.1002/joa3.12325 |pmc=7280003 |pmid=32528589}}</ref><ref name="pmid23999934">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ross AJ, Medow MS, Rowe PC, Stewart JM |date=December 2013 |title=What is brain fog? An evaluation of the symptom in postural tachycardia syndrome |journal=Clinical Autonomic Research |volume=23 |issue=6 |pages=305–311 |doi=10.1007/s10286-013-0212-z |pmc=3896080 |pmid=23999934}}</ref><ref name="pmid341449332">{{cite journal |last1=Vernino |first1=Steven |last2=Bourne |first2=Kate M. |last3=Stiles |first3=Lauren E. |last4=Grubb |first4=Blair P. |last5=Fedorowski |first5=Artur |last6=Stewart |first6=Julian M. |last7=Arnold |first7=Amy C. |last8=Pace |first8=Laura A. |last9=Axelsson |first9=Jonas |last10=Boris |first10=Jeffrey R. |last11=Moak |first11=Jeffrey P. |last12=Goodman |first12=Brent P. |last13=Chémali |first13=Kamal R. |last14=Chung |first14=Tae H. |last15=Goldstein |first15=David S. |date=November 2021 |title=Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS): State of the science and clinical care from a 2019 National Institutes of Health Expert Consensus Meeting - Part 1 |journal=Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical |volume=235 |doi=10.1016/j.autneu.2021.102828 |issn=1566-0702 |pmc=8455420 |pmid=34144933 |article-number=102828}}</ref> Chaw symptoms be worsened plus postural changes, especially standing up. Dem fi treat POTS symptoms olus lifestyle changes such as increasing fluid, electrolyte, den salt intake, wearing compression stockings, slowing down postural changes, exercise, [[medication]], den physical therapy. De causes of POTS be varied.<ref name="Ferri_2017">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rRhCDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1019-IA2 |title=Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017 E-Book: 5 Books in 1 |vauthors=Ferri FF |date=2016 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-323-44838-3 |page=1019.e2 |language=en |access-date=2020-08-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906084453/https://books.google.com/books?id=rRhCDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1019-IA2 |archive-date=2023-09-06 |url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd sam cases, e dey develop after a viral infection, surgery, trauma, autoimmune disease, anaa pregnancy.<ref name="pmid18506020">{{cite journal |vauthors=Grubb BP |date=May 2008 |title=Postural tachycardia syndrome |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_circulation_2008-05-27_117_21/page/2814 |journal=Circulation |volume=117 |issue=21 |pages=2814–2817 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.761643 |pmid=18506020 |doi-access=free}}</ref> E sanso be shown to emerge insyd previously healthy patients after contracting COVID-19,<ref name="pmid33740207">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Raj SR, Arnold AC, Barboi A, Claydon VE, Limberg JK, Lucci VM, Numan M, Peltier A, Snapper H, Vernino S |date=June 2021 |title=Long-COVID postural tachycardia syndrome: an American Autonomic Society statement |journal=Clinical Autonomic Research |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=365–368 |doi=10.1007/s10286-021-00798-2 |pmc=7976723 |pmid=33740207}}</ref><ref name="pmid33786700">{{cite journal |vauthors=Blitshteyn S, Whitelaw S |date=April 2021 |title=Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and other autonomic disorders after COVID-19 infection: a case series of 20 patients |journal=Immunologic Research |volume=69 |issue=2 |pages=205–211 |doi=10.1007/s12026-021-09185-5 |pmc=8009458 |pmid=33786700}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ormiston |first1=Cameron K. |last2=Świątkiewicz |first2=Iwona |last3=Taub |first3=Pam R. |date=2022-11-01 |title=Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome as a sequela of COVID-19 |journal=Heart Rhythm |volume=19 |issue=11 |pages=1880–1889 |doi=10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.07.014 |issn=1547-5271 |pmc=9287587 |pmid=35853576}}</ref> insyd people plus Long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition),<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Svensson |first1=Annie |last2=Svensson-Raskh |first2=Anna |last3=Holmström |first3=Linda |date=28 August 2024 |title=Individually tailored exercise in patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome related to post-COVID-19 condition – a feasibility study |journal=[[Scientific Reports]] |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=20017 |bibcode=2024NatSR..1420017S |doi=10.1038/s41598-024-71055-5 |pmc=11358431 |pmid=39198662}}</ref> anaa possibly insyd rare cases after COVID-19 vaccination, though causative evidence be limited wey na further study be needed.<ref name="Blitshteyn_2022">{{cite journal |vauthors=Blitshteyn S, Fedorowski A |date=12 December 2022 |title=The risks of POTS after COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection: it's worth a shot |journal=Nature Cardiovascular Research |language=en |volume=1 |issue=12 |pages=1119–1120 |doi=10.1038/s44161-022-00180-z |issn=2731-0590 |pmid=39196162 |s2cid=254617706 |doi-access=free}}</ref> POTS be more common among people wey dem get infected plus SARS-CoV-2 dan among those wey dem get vaccinated against COVID-19.<ref name="pmid380001192">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yong SJ, Halim A, Liu S, Halim M, Alshehri AA, Alshahrani MA, Alshahrani MM, Alfaraj AH, Alburaiky LM, Khamis F, Muzaheed, AlShehail BM, Alfaresi M, Al Azmi R, Albayat H, Al Kaabi NA, Alhajri M, Al Amri KA, Alsalman J, Algosaibi SA, Al Fares MA, Almanaa TN, Almutawif YA, Mohapatra RK, Rabaan AA |date=November 2023 |title=Pooled rates and demographics of POTS following SARS-CoV-2 infection versus COVID-19 vaccination: Systematic review and meta-analysis |url= |journal=Auton Neurosci |volume=250 |issue= |doi=10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103132 |pmid=38000119 |s2cid=265383080 |article-number=103132}}</ref> About 30% of severely infected patients plus long COVID get POTS. Risk factors dey include a family history of de condition.<ref name="pmid23122672" /> Treatment fi include: * avoiding factors wey dey bring on symptoms, * increasing dietary salt den water,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Park |first1=Jaehyeon |last2=Tenegra |first2=Johnny |date=December 2021 |title=In adults with POTS, are salt tablets and oral hydration more effective for reducing symptoms than oral hydration alone? |url=https://journals.lww.com/ebp/citation/2021/12000/in_adults_with_pots,_are_salt_tablets_and_oral.22.aspx |journal=Evidence-Based Practice |language=en-US |volume=24 |issue=12 |page=26 |doi=10.1097/EBP.0000000000001267 |issn=2473-3717 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> * small den frequent meals,<ref name="pmid30372565">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fedorowski A |date=April 2019 |title=Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: clinical presentation, aetiology and management |journal=Journal of Internal Medicine |volume=285 |issue=4 |pages=352–366 |doi=10.1111/joim.12852 |pmid=30372565 |doi-access=free}}</ref> * avoidance of immobilization,<ref name="pmid30372565" /> * wearing compression stockings, den * medication.<ref name="pmid23122672" /><ref name="pmid23753844">{{cite journal |vauthors=Raj SR |date=June 2013 |title=Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_circulation_2013-06-11_127_23/page/2336 |journal=Circulation |volume=127 |issue=23 |pages=2336–2342 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.144501 |pmc=3756553 |pmid=23753844}}</ref><ref name="pmid32145864">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Raj SR, Guzman JC, Harvey P, Richer L, Schondorf R, Seifer C, Thibodeau-Jarry N, Sheldon RS |date=March 2020 |title=Canadian Cardiovascular Society Position Statement on Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) and Related Disorders of Chronic Orthostatic Intolerance |journal=The Canadian Journal of Cardiology |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=357–372 |doi=10.1016/j.cjca.2019.12.024 |pmid=32145864 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="pmid24819031">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kizilbash SJ, Ahrens SP, Bruce BK, Chelimsky G, Driscoll SW, Harbeck-Weber C, Lloyd RM, Mack KJ, Nelson DE, Ninis N, Pianosi PT, Stewart JM, Weiss KE, Fischer PR |date=2014 |title=Adolescent fatigue, POTS, and recovery: a guide for clinicians |journal=Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care |volume=44 |issue=5 |pages=108–133 |doi=10.1016/j.cppeds.2013.12.014 |pmc=5819886 |pmid=24819031}}</ref> Medications dem use fi include: * beta blockers,<ref name="pmid17352367">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Thieben MJ, Sandroni P, Sletten DM, Benrud-Larson LM, Fealey RD, Vernino S, Lennon VA, Shen WK, Low PA |date=March 2007 |title=Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: the Mayo clinic experience |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_mayo-clinic-proceedings_2007-03_82_3/page/308 |journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings |volume=82 |issue=3 |pages=308–313 |doi=10.4065/82.3.308 |pmid=17352367}}</ref> * pyridostigmine,<ref name="Kanjwal_2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kanjwal K, Karabin B, Sheikh M, Elmer L, Kanjwal Y, Saeed B, Grubb BP |date=June 2011 |title=Pyridostigmine in the treatment of postural orthostatic tachycardia: a single-center experience |journal=Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology |volume=34 |issue=6 |pages=750–755 |doi=10.1111/j.1540-8159.2011.03047.x |pmid=21410722 |s2cid=20405336}}</ref> * midodrine,<ref name="Chen_2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chen L, Wang L, Sun J, Qin J, Tang C, Jin H, Du J |date=2011 |title=Midodrine hydrochloride is effective in the treatment of children with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome |journal=Circulation Journal |volume=75 |issue=4 |pages=927–931 |doi=10.1253/circj.CJ-10-0514 |pmid=21301135 |doi-access=free}}</ref> * fludrocortisone,<ref name="pmid23122672" /> anaa * Ivabradine.<ref name="Tahir2020">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tahir F, Arif T, Majid Z, Ahmed J, Khalid M |date=2020 |title=Ivabradine in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: A Review of the Literature |journal=Cureus |volume=12 |issue=4 |doi=10.7759/cureus.7868 |pmc=7255540 |pmid=32489723 |doi-access=free |article-number=e7868}}</ref> Na more dan 50% of patients wey dema condition be triggered by a viral infection get better within five years.<ref name="pmid18506020" /> About 80% of patients get symptomatic improvement plus treatment, while 25% be so disabled wey dem be unable to work.<ref name="pmid18506020" /> Na a retrospective study on patients plus adolescent-onset show say five years after diagnosis, na 19% of patients get full resolution of symptoms.<ref name="pmid26979650">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Bhatia R, Kizilbash SJ, Ahrens SP, Killian JM, Kimmes SA, Knoebel EE, Muppa P, Weaver AL, Fischer PR |date=June 2016 |title=Outcomes of Adolescent-Onset Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome |journal=The Journal of Pediatrics |volume=173 |pages=149–153 |doi=10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.02.035 |pmid=26979650}}</ref> Na dem estimat say 1–3 million people insyd de United States get POTS.<ref name="Johns Hopkins Medicine-2022">{{cite news|title=Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)|url=https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/postural-orthostatic-tachycardia-syndrome-pots|access-date=November 13, 2023|website=Johns Hopkins Medicine|date=21 December 2022|archive-date=13 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231113192707/https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/postural-orthostatic-tachycardia-syndrome-pots|url-status=live}}</ref> De average age for POTS onset be 20, wey na e dey occur about five times more frequently insyd females dan insyd males.<ref name="pmid23122672" /> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite book |title=Power Over POTS |vauthors=Kress S |date=2018 |publisher=Bookbaby |isbn=978-1-5439-0681-3}} * {{cite book |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906084454/https://research.ninds.nih.gov/researchers/neuroscience-nih-research-areas |title=Principles of Autonomic Medicine |vauthors=Goldstein DS |date=2016 |access-date=2020-09-15 |archive-date=2023-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906084454/https://research.ninds.nih.gov/researchers/neuroscience-nih-research-areas }} * {{cite book |title=The Dysautonomia Project |vauthors=Freeman M |date=2015 |publisher=Bardolf |isbn=978-1-938842-24-5}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome}} [[Category:Vascular diseases]] [[Category:Peripheral nervous system disorders]] [[Category:Endocrine diseases]] [[Category:Syndromes]] [[Category:Ailments of unknown cause]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 67iyy0nmx49rev00gtang27z01uuygl 0 22196 112317 110844 2026-09-24T16:45:03Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112317 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pancreatic cancer''' dey arise wen cells insyd de pancreas, a glandular organ behind de stomach, dey begin to multiply out of control den form a mass. Dese [[Cancer|cancerous]] cells get de ability to invade oda parts of de body.<ref name="NCI2014Def">{{cite web |date=7 March 2014 |title=What Is Cancer? Defining Cancer |url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/cancerlibrary/what-is-cancer |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625220940/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/cancerlibrary/what-is-cancer |archive-date=25 June 2014 |access-date=5 December 2014 |publisher=National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health}}</ref> A number of types of pancreatic cancer be known.<ref name="WCR20142">{{cite book |title=World Cancer Report |vauthors=Hruban RH |date=2014 |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-832-0429-9 |pages=413–421 |chapter=5.7 Pancreatic cancer |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/worldcancerrepor0000unse_p0u5/page/412/mode/1up}}</ref> De most common, '''pancreatic adenocarcinoma''', dey account for about 90% of cases,<ref name="Pishvaian20172">Unless otherwise specified in boxes, reference is: {{cite journal |vauthors=Pishvaian MJ, Brody JR |date=March 2017 |title=Therapeutic Implications of Molecular Subtyping for Pancreatic Cancer |journal=Oncology |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=159–66, 168 |pmid=28299752}}</ref> wey dem samtimes dey use de term "pancreatic cancer" to refer to dat type per.<ref name="WCR20142" /> Dese adenocarcinomas dey start within de part of de pancreas wey dey make digestive enzymes.<ref name="WCR20142" /> Chaw oda types of cancer, wich collectively dey represent de majority of de non-adenocarcinomas, sanso fi arise from dese cells.<ref name="WCR20142" /> About 1–2% of cases of pancreatic cancer be neuroendocrine tumors, wich dey arise from de hormone-producing cells of de pancreas.<ref name="WCR20142" /> Dese be generally less aggressive dan pancreatic adenocarcinoma.<ref name="WCR20142" /> Signs den symptoms of de most-common form of pancreatic cancer fi include yellow skin, abdominal anaa back pain, unexplained weight loss, light-colored stools, dark urine, den loss of appetite.<ref name="PDQ20143">{{cite web |date=17 April 2014 |title=Pancreatic Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) Patient Version |url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/pancreatic/Patient/page1/AllPages |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705120519/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/pancreatic/Patient/page1/AllPages |archive-date=5 July 2014 |access-date=8 June 2014 |publisher=National Institutes of Health |department=National Cancer Institute}}</ref> Usually, dem no dey see symptoms insyd de disease ein early stages, den symptoms wey be specific enough to suggest pancreatic cancer typically no dey develop til na de disease reach an advanced stage.<ref name="PDQ20143" /><ref name="NEJM14">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ryan DP, Hong TS, Bardeesy N |date=September 2014 |title=Pancreatic adenocarcinoma |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2014-09-11_371_11/page/1039 |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=371 |issue=11 |pages=1039–49 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1404198 |pmid=25207767}}</ref> By de time of diagnosis, na pancreatic cancer often spread to oda parts of de body.<ref name="WCR20142" /><ref name="Bond-Smith">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bond-Smith G, Banga N, Hammond TM, Imber CJ |date=May 2012 |title=Pancreatic adenocarcinoma |journal=BMJ |volume=344 |issue=may16 1 |doi=10.1136/bmj.e2476 |pmid=22592847 |s2cid=206894869 |article-number=e2476}}</ref> Pancreatic cancer rarely dey occur before de age of 40, den more dan half of cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma dey occur insyd those over 70.<ref name="NEJM14" /> Risk factors give pancreatic cancer dey include tobacco smoking, obesity, diabetes, den certain rare genetic conditions.<ref name="NEJM14" /> About 25% of cases be linked to smoking,<ref name="Wolfgang2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wolfgang CL, Herman JM, Laheru DA, Klein AP, Erdek MA, Fishman EK, Hruban RH |date=September 2013 |title=Recent progress in pancreatic cancer |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_ca-a-cancer-journal-for-clinicians_september-october-2013_63_5/page/318 |journal=CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians |volume=63 |issue=5 |pages=318–48 |doi=10.3322/caac.21190 |pmc=3769458 |pmid=23856911}}</ref> den 5–10% be linked to inherited genes.<ref name="NEJM14" /> Dem usually dey diagnose pancreatic cancer by a combination of medical imaging techniques such as ultrasound anaa computed tomography, blood tests, den examination of tissue samples (biopsy).<ref name="Wolfgang2013" /><ref name="Lancet3">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vincent A, Herman J, Schulick R, Hruban RH, Goggins M |date=August 2011 |title=Pancreatic cancer |url=http://m-learning.zju.edu.cn/G2S/eWebEditor/uploadfile/20111127193405_869876397245.pdf |journal=Lancet |volume=378 |issue=9791 |pages=607–20 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62307-0 |pmc=3062508 |pmid=21620466 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150112190623/http://m-learning.zju.edu.cn/G2S/eWebEditor/uploadfile/20111127193405_869876397245.pdf |archive-date=12 January 2015}}</ref> Dem divide de disease into stages, from early (stage&nbsp;I) to late (stage&nbsp;IV).<ref name="Bond-Smith" /> Dem no find screening de general population to be effective.<ref name="Lancet2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vincent A, Herman J, Schulick R, Hruban RH, Goggins M |date=August 2011 |title=Pancreatic cancer |url=http://m-learning.zju.edu.cn/G2S/eWebEditor/uploadfile/20111127193405_869876397245.pdf |journal=Lancet |volume=378 |issue=9791 |pages=607–20 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62307-0 |pmc=3062508 |pmid=21620466 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150112190623/http://m-learning.zju.edu.cn/G2S/eWebEditor/uploadfile/20111127193405_869876397245.pdf |archive-date=12 January 2015}}</ref> De risk of developing pancreatic cancer be lower among non-smokers, den people wey maintain a healthy weight den limit dema consumption of red anaa processed meat;<ref name="Can2014Meat">{{cite web |date=11 June 2014 |title=Can pancreatic cancer be prevented? |url=http://www.cancer.org/cancer/pancreaticcancer/detailedguide/pancreatic-cancer-prevention |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141113184749/http://www.cancer.org/cancer/pancreaticcancer/detailedguide/pancreatic-cancer-prevention |archive-date=13 November 2014 |access-date=13 November 2014 |publisher=American Cancer Society}}</ref> de risk be greater for men, smokers, den those plus diabetes.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Amri F, Belkhayat C, Yeznasni A, Koulali H, Jabi R, Zazour A, Abda N, Bouziane M, Ismaili Z, Kharrasse G |date=September 2023 |title=Association between pancreatic cancer and diabetes: insights from a retrospective cohort study |journal=BMC Cancer |volume=23 |issue=1 |doi=10.1186/s12885-023-11344-w |pmc=10496157 |pmid=37697301 |doi-access=free |article-number=856}}</ref> Der be sam studies wey dey link high levels of red meat consumption to increased risk of pancreatic cancer, though meta-analyses typically find no clear evidence of a relationship.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Sun Y, He X, Sun Y |date=2023-09-27 |title=Red and processed meat and pancreatic cancer risk: a meta-analysis |journal=Frontiers in Nutrition |volume=10 |doi=10.3389/fnut.2023.1249407 |pmc=10565855 |pmid=37829734 |doi-access=free |article-number=1249407}}</ref><ref name="bjc2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Larsson SC, Wolk A |date=January 2012 |title=Red and processed meat consumption and risk of pancreatic cancer: meta-analysis of prospective studies |journal=British Journal of Cancer |volume=106 |issue=3 |pages=603–7 |doi=10.1038/bjc.2011.585 |pmc=3273353 |pmid=22240790}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rohrmann S, Linseisen J, Nöthlings U, Overvad K, Egeberg R, Tjønneland A, Boutron-Ruault MC, Clavel-Chapelon F, Cottet V, Pala V, Tumino R, Palli D, Panico S, Vineis P, Boeing H, Pischon T, Grote V, Teucher B, Khaw KT, Wareham NJ, Crowe FL, Goufa I, Orfanos P, Trichopoulou A, Jeurnink SM, Siersema PD, Peeters PH, Brustad M, Engeset D, Skeie G, Duell EJ, Amiano P, Barricarte A, Molina-Montes E, Rodríguez L, Tormo MJ, Sund M, Ye W, Lindkvist B, Johansen D, Ferrari P, Jenab M, Slimani N, Ward H, Riboli E, Norat T, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB |date=February 2013 |title=Meat and fish consumption and risk of pancreatic cancer: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition |journal=International Journal of Cancer |volume=132 |issue=3 |pages=617–624 |doi=10.1002/ijc.27637 |pmid=22610753 |s2cid=2613568 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Smokers dema risk of developing de disease dey decrease immediately upon quitting, den almost dey return to dat of de rest of de population after 20&nbsp;years.<ref name="WCR20142" /> Dem fi treat pancreatic cancer plus surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, palliative care, anaa a combination of these.<ref name="PDQ20143" /> Treatment options dey partly base on de cancer stage.<ref name="PDQ20143" /> Surgery be de treatment per wey fi cure pancreatic adenocarcinoma,<ref name="Bond-Smith" /> wey na dem sanso fi be done to improve quality of life widout de potential for cure.<ref name="PDQ20143" /><ref name="Bond-Smith" /> Pain management den medications to improve digestion sam times be needed.<ref name="Bond-Smith" /> Dem dey recommend early palliative care even for those wey dey receive treatment wey dey aim for a cure.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Bardou M, Le Ray I |date=December 2013 |title=Treatment of pancreatic cancer: A narrative review of cost-effectiveness studies |journal=Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology |volume=27 |issue=6 |pages=881–892 |doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2013.09.006 |pmid=24182608}}</ref> Pancreatic cancer be among de most deadly forms of cancer globally, plus one of de lowest survival rates. Insyd 2015, na pancreatic cancers of all types result in 411,600 deaths globally.<ref name="GBD2015De">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=The Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1459–1544 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1 |pmc=5388903 |pmid=27733281 |collaboration=GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators}}</ref> Pancreatic cancer be de fifth-most-common cause of death from cancer insyd de [[United Kingdom]],<ref name="PCRF2019">{{cite web |title=Cancer facts and figures – Why we exist |url=http://www.pcrf.org.uk/pages/cancer-table.html |access-date=5 April 2019 |publisher=Pancreatic Cancer Research Fund}}</ref> den de third most-common insyd de [[United States]].<ref name="SEER2019">{{cite web |title=Pancreatic Cancer – Cancer Stat Facts |url=https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/pancreas.html |access-date=4 April 2019 |website=SEER |language=en}}</ref> De disease dey occur most often insyd de developed world, wer about 70% of de new cases insyd 2012 originate.<ref name="WCR20142" /> Pancreatic adenocarcinoma typically get a very poor prognosis; after diagnosis, 25% of people survive one year den 12% live for five years.<ref name="WCR20142" /><ref name="ACS-CFF-2010">{{cite web |date=2023 |title=Five-Year Pancreatic Cancer Survival Rate Increases to 12% |url=https://pancan.org/news/five-year-pancreatic-cancer-survival-rate-increases-to-12/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230304023205/https://pancan.org/news/five-year-pancreatic-cancer-survival-rate-increases-to-12/ |archive-date=4 March 2023 |access-date=3 March 2023 |website=PANCAN}}</ref> For cancers dem diagnose early, de five-year survival rate dey rise to about 20%.<ref name="PDQ2014P">{{cite web |date=21 February 2014 |title=Pancreatic Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) Health Professional Version |url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/pancreatic/HealthProfessional/page1/AllPages |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141022041746/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/pancreatic/HealthProfessional/page1/AllPages |archive-date=22 October 2014 |access-date=24 November 2014 |publisher=National Institutes of Health |department=National Cancer Institute}} "The highest cure rate occurs if the tumor is truly localized to the pancreas; however, this stage of disease accounts for less than 20% of cases. In cases with localized disease and small cancers (<2 cm) with no lymph-node metastases and no extension beyond the capsule of the pancreas, complete surgical resection is still associated with a low actuarial five-year survival rate of 18% to 24%."</ref> Neuroendocrine cancers get better outcomes; at five&nbsp;years from diagnosis, 65% of those dem diagnose dey live, though survival considerably dey vary wey dey depend on de type of tumor.<ref name="WCR20142" /> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Pancreatic Cancer}} [[Category:Pancreatic cancer| ]] [[Category:Gastrointestinal cancer]] [[Category:Pancreas disorders|cancer]] [[Category:Digestive system neoplasia]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 1ia9f5h2eubtam2op7p6zcg3nxkb9e9 0 22203 112405 110772 2026-09-24T19:02:28Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112405 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Syphilis''' be a sexually transmitted infection wey be caused by de bacterium ''Treponema pallidum'' subspecies ''pallidum''.<ref name=Goldman2020>{{cite book |last1=Ghanem|first1=Khalil G.|last2=Hook|first2=Edward W.|editor1-last=Goldman |editor1-first=Lee |editor2-last=Schafer |editor2-first=Andrew I. |title=[[Goldman-Cecil Medicine]] |date=2020 |publisher=Elsevier |location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-323-55087-1 |pages=1983–1989|edition=26th|volume=2 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7pKqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1983 |chapter=303. Syphilis}}</ref> De signs den symptoms dey depend on de stage e dey present: primary, secondary, latent anaa tertiary.<ref name="Goldman2020" /><ref name="CDC2015Fact2">{{cite web |date=2 November 2015 |title=Syphilis – CDC Fact Sheet (Detailed) |url=https://www.cdc.gov/std/syphilis/stdfact-syphilis-detailed.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160206003059/http://www.cdc.gov/std/syphilis/stdfact-syphilis-detailed.htm |archive-date=6 February 2016 |access-date=3 February 2016 |website=CDC}}</ref> De primary stage classically dey present plus a single chancre (a firm, painless, non-itchy skin ulceration usually between 1&nbsp;cm den 2&nbsp;cm in diameter), though der fi be chaw sores.<ref name="CDC2015Fact2" /> Insyd secondary syphilis, a diffuse rash dey occur, wich frequently dey involve de palms of de hands den soles of de feet.<ref name="CDC2015Fact2" /> Der sanso fi be sores insyd de mouth anaa vagina.<ref name="CDC2015Fact2" /> Latent syphilis get no symptoms wey fi last years.<ref name="CDC2015Fact2" /> Insyd tertiary syphilis, der be gummas (soft, non-cancerous growths), neurological problems, anaa heart symptoms.<ref name="Kent08">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kent ME, Romanelli F |date=February 2008 |title=Reexamining syphilis: an update on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_annals-of-pharmacotherapy_2008-02_42_2/page/226 |journal=Annals of Pharmacotherapy |volume=42 |issue=2 |pages=226–36 |doi=10.1345/aph.1K086 |pmid=18212261 |s2cid=23899851}}</ref> Dem know syphilis as "the great imitator", secof e fi cause symptoms similar to chaw oda diseases.<ref name="CDC2015Fact2" /><ref name="Kent08" /> Syphilis be most commonly spread thru sexual activity.<ref name="CDC2015Fact2" /> E sanso fi be transmitted from mommie to baby during pregnancy anaa at birth, wey dey result insyd congenital syphilis.<ref name="CDC2015Fact2" /><ref name="Wood09">{{cite journal |author=Woods, CR |date=June 2009 |title=Congenital syphilis-persisting pestilence |journal=The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal |volume=28 |issue=6 |pages=536–537 |doi=10.1097/INF.0b013e3181ac8a69 |pmid=19483520}}</ref> Oda diseases wey be caused by ''Treponema'' bacteria dey include yaws (''T. pallidum'' subspecies ''pertenue''), pinta (''T. carateum''), den nonvenereal endemic syphilis (''T. pallidum'' subspecies ''endemicum'').<ref name="Kent08" /> Dese three diseases no be typically sexually transmitted.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pinta |url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/pinta/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816031132/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/pinta/ |archive-date=16 August 2018 |access-date=13 April 2018 |website=NORD}}</ref> Dem usually dey make diagnosis by using blood tests; de bacteria sanso fi be detected using dark field microscopy.<ref name="CDC2015Fact2" /> De Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) dey recommend for all women dem preg to be tested.<ref name="CDC2015Fact2" /> Dem fi reduce de risk of sexual transmission of syphilis by using a latex anaa polyurethane condom.<ref name="CDC2015Fact2" /> Dem effectively treat fi treat syphilis plus antibiotics.<ref name="CDC2015Tx">{{cite web |date=4 June 2015 |title=Syphilis |url=https://www.cdc.gov/std/tg2015/syphilis.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160221200405/http://www.cdc.gov/std/tg2015/syphilis.htm |archive-date=21 February 2016 |access-date=3 February 2016 |website=CDC}}</ref> De preferred antibiotic for most cases be benzathine benzylpenicillin dem inject into a muscle.<ref name="CDC2015Tx" /> Insyd those wey get a severe penicillin allergy, dem fi use doxycycline anaa tetracycline.<ref name="CDC2015Tx" /> Insyd those plus neurosyphilis, dem dey recommend intravenous benzylpenicillin anaa ceftriaxone.<ref name="CDC2015Tx" /> During treatment, people fi develop fever, headache, den muscle pains, a reaction dem know as Jarisch–Herxheimer.<ref name="CDC2015Tx" /> Insyd 2015, about 45.4&nbsp;million people get syphilis infections,<ref name="GBD2015Pre">{{cite journal |vauthors=((GBD 2015 Maternal Mortality Collaborators)) |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1545–1602 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 |pmc=5055577 |pmid=27733282}}</ref> of wich na six million be new cases.<ref name="New2015">{{cite journal |last1=Newman |first1=L |last2=Rowley |first2=J |last3=Vander Hoorn |first3=S |last4=Wijesooriya |first4=NS |last5=Unemo |first5=M |last6=Low |first6=N |last7=Stevens |first7=G |last8=Gottlieb |first8=S |last9=Kiarie |first9=J |last10=Temmerman |first10=M |date=2015 |title=Global Estimates of the Prevalence and Incidence of Four Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections in 2012 Based on Systematic Review and Global Reporting. |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=10 |issue=12 |bibcode=2015PLoSO..1043304N |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0143304 |pmc=4672879 |pmid=26646541 |doi-access=free |article-number=e0143304}}</ref> During 2015, na e cause about 107,000 deaths, down from 202,000 insyd 1990.<ref name="GBD2015Death">{{cite journal |vauthors=((GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators)) |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1459–1544 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1 |pmc=5388903 |pmid=27733281}}</ref><ref name="Loz2012">{{cite journal |last=Lozano |first=R |date=15 December 2012 |title=Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. |url=https://zenodo.org/record/2557786 |url-status=live |journal=Lancet |volume=380 |issue=9859 |pages=2095–128 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 |hdl=10536/DRO/DU:30050819 |pmc=10790329 |pmid=23245604 |s2cid=1541253 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200519152712/https://zenodo.org/record/2557786 |archive-date=19 May 2020 |access-date=9 April 2020 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> After decreasing dramatically plus de availability of penicillin insyd de 1940s, na rates of infection increase since de turn of de millennium insyd chaw countries, often in combination plus human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).<ref name="Kent08" /><ref name="Music08">{{cite journal |last=Franzen |first=C |date=December 2008 |title=Syphilis in composers and musicians – Mozart, Beethoven, Paganini, Schubert, Schumann, Smetana |url=https://archive.org/details/european-journal-clinical-microbiology_2008-12_27_12/page/1151 |journal=[[European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases]] |volume=27 |issue=12 |pages=1151–57 |doi=10.1007/s10096-008-0571-x |pmid=18592279 |s2cid=947291}}</ref> Dem dey believe dis be partly secof unsafe drug use, increased prostitution, den decreased use of condoms.<ref name="Coffin2010">{{cite journal |last1=Coffin |first1=L.S. |last2=Newberry |first2=A. |last3=Hagan |first3=H. |last4=Cleland |first4=C.M. |last5=Des Jarlais |first5=D.C. |last6=Perlman |first6=D.C. |date=January 2010 |title=Syphilis in Drug Users in Low and Middle Income Countries |journal=The International Journal on Drug Policy |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=20–27 |doi=10.1016/j.drugpo.2009.02.008 |pmc=2790553 |pmid=19361976}}</ref><ref name="Gao2009">{{cite journal |last=Gao |first=L. |author2=Zhang, L. |author3=Jin, Q |date=September 2009 |title=Meta-analysis: prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis among MSM in China |url=https://archive.org/details/sexually-transmitted-infections_2009-09_85_5/page/354 |journal=Sexually Transmitted Infections |volume=85 |issue=5 |pages=354–58 |doi=10.1136/sti.2008.034702 |pmid=19351623 |s2cid=24198278}}</ref><ref name="Karp2009">{{cite journal |last=Karp |first=G. |author2=Schlaeffer, F. |author3=Jotkowitz, A. |author4=Riesenberg, K. |date=January 2009 |title=Syphilis and HIV co-infection |journal=European Journal of Internal Medicine |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=9–13 |doi=10.1016/j.ejim.2008.04.002 |pmid=19237085}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==Read further== * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Ghanem KG, Ram S, Rice PA |date=February 2020 |title=The Modern Epidemic of Syphilis |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=382 |issue=9 |pages=845–854 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1901593 |pmid=32101666 |s2cid=211537893}} * {{Cite journal |last1=Pastuszczak |first1=M. |last2=Wojas-Pelc |first2=A. |year=2013 |title=Current Standards for Diagnosis and Treatment of Syphilis: Selection of Some Practical Issues, Based on the European (IUSTI) and U.S. (CDC) Guidelines |journal=Advances in Dermatology and Allergology |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=203–210 |doi=10.5114/pdia.2013.37029 |pmc=3834708 |pmid=24278076}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Ropper AH |date=October 2019 |title=Neurosyphilis |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=381 |issue=14 |pages=1358–1363 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1906228 |pmid=31577877 |s2cid=242487360}} == External links == {{Sister project links|display=Syphilis}} <!-- ===========================({{NoMoreLinks}})=============================== | PLEASE BE CAUTIOUS IN ADDING MORE LINKS TO THIS ARTICLE. | WIKIPEDIA IS NOT A COLLECTION OF LINKS. | | Excessive or inappropriate links WILL BE DELETED. | See [[Wikipedia:External links]] and [[Wikipedia:Spam]] for details. ===========================({{NoMoreLinks}})=============================== --> * [https://www.cdc.gov/std/Syphilis/STDFact-Syphilis.htm "Syphilis - CDC Fact Sheet"]—[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) * [http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite?page=kb-05-01-04 UCSF HIV InSite Knowledge Base Chapter: Syphilis and HIV]; {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120002214/http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite?page=kb-05-01-04 |date=20 January 2013}} * [https://www.cdc.gov/std/syphsurvreco.pdf Recommendations for Public Health Surveillance of Syphilis in the United States] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Syphilis| ]] [[Category:Bacterial diseases]] [[Category:Bacterium-related cutaneous conditions]] [[Category:Infectious diseases]] [[Category:Infectious diseases plus eradication efforts]] [[Category:Infections plus a predominantly sexual mode of transmission]] [[Category:Sexually transmitted diseases den infections]] [[Category:Spirochaetes]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 6415781ej3ovzudmm3wqs4qn4the3i2 0 22224 112403 81403 2026-09-24T19:00:58Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112403 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''IgA nephropathy''' ('''IgAN'''), dem sanso know as '''Berger's disease''' (den variations), anaa '''synpharyngitic glomerulonephritis''', be a disease of de kidney (anaa nephropathy) den de immune system; specifically e be a form of glomerulonephritis anaa an inflammation of de glomeruli of de kidney. Aggressive Berger's disease (a rarer form of de disease) fi attack oda major organs, such as de liver, skin den heart. IgA nephropathy be de most common glomerulonephritis worldwide; de global incidence be 2.5/100,000 per year amongst adults.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kiryluk |first1=Krzysztof |last2=Li |first2=Yifu |last3=Sanna-Cherchi |first3=Simone |last4=Rohanizadegan |first4=Mersedeh |last5=Suzuki |first5=Hitoshi |last6=Eitner |first6=Frank |last7=Snyder |first7=Holly J. |last8=Choi |first8=Murim |last9=Hou |first9=Ping |last10=Scolari |first10=Francesco |last11=Izzi |first11=Claudia |last12=Gigante |first12=Maddalena |last13=Gesualdo |first13=Loreto |last14=Savoldi |first14=Silvana |last15=Amoroso |first15=Antonio |display-authors=5 |date=21 June 2012 |title=Geographic Differences in Genetic Susceptibility to IgA Nephropathy: GWAS Replication Study and Geospatial Risk Analysis |journal=PLOS Genetics |volume=8 |issue=6 |doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.1002765 |pmc=3380840 |pmid=22737082 |doi-access=free |article-number=e1002765 |last16=Cusi |first16=Daniele |last17=Zamboli |first17=Pasquale |last18=Julian |first18=Bruce A. |last19=Novak |first19=Jan |last20=Wyatt |first20=Robert J. |last21=Mucha |first21=Krzysztof |last22=Perola |first22=Markus |last23=Kristiansson |first23=Kati |last24=Viktorin |first24=Alexander |last25=Magnusson |first25=Patrik K. |last26=Thorleifsson |first26=Gudmar |last27=Thorsteinsdottir |first27=Unnur |last28=Stefansson |first28=Kari |last29=Boland |first29=Anne |last30=Metzger |first30=Marie |last31=Thibaudin |first31=Lise |last32=Wanner |first32=Christoph |last33=Jager |first33=Kitty J. |last34=Goto |first34=Shin |last35=Maixnerova |first35=Dita |last36=Karnib |first36=Hussein H. |last37=Nagy |first37=Judit |last38=Panzer |first38=Ulf |last39=Xie |first39=Jingyuan |last40=Chen |first40=Nan |last41=Tesar |first41=Vladimir |last42=Narita |first42=Ichiei |last43=Berthoux |first43=Francois |last44=Floege |first44=Jürgen |last45=Stengel |first45=Benedicte |last46=Zhang |first46=Hong |last47=Lifton |first47=Richard P. |last48=Gharavi |first48=Ali G.}}</ref> Aggressive Berger's disease dey on de NORD list of rare diseases.<ref>{{cite journal |last=D'Amico |first=G |year=1987 |title=The commonest glomerulonephritis in the world: IgA nephropathy |journal=Q J Med |volume=64 |issue=245 |pages=709–27 |pmid=3329736}}</ref> Primary IgA nephropathy be characterized by deposition of de IgA antibody insyd de glomerulus. Der be oda diseases wey associate plus glomerular IgA deposits, de most common be IgA vasculitis (dem formerly know as Henoch–Schönlein purpura [HSP]), wich na chaw consider am to be a systemic form of IgA nephropathy.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=C |first1=Davin J |year=2001 |title=What is the difference between IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_kidney-international_2001-03_59_3/page/n34 |journal=Kidney International |volume=59 |issue=3 |pages=823–34 |doi=10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.059003823.x |pmid=11231337 |doi-access=free}}</ref> IgA vasculitis dey present plus a characteristic purpuric skin rash, arthritis, den abdominal pain, wey dey occur more commonly insyd kiddies. HSP be associated plus a more benign prognosis dan IgA nephropathy. Insyd non-aggressive IgA nephropathy, der be traditionally a slow progression to chronic kidney failure insyd 25–30% of cases during 20 years. == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/iga-nephropathy IGA Nephropathy] on National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Iga Nephropathy}} [[Category:Kidney diseases]] [[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] pzx2yyoe7jk8n5wrmchjabaec5wjg0h 0 22229 112334 110725 2026-09-24T17:05:00Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112334 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Obsessive–compulsive disorder''' ('''OCD''') be a mental disorder insyd wich an individual get intrusive thoughts (an ''obsession'') den dey feel de need to perform certain behaviors (''compulsions'') repeatedly to relieve de distress wey de obsession cause, to de extent wer e dey impair general function.<ref name="NIH20152">{{Cite web |last=The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) |date=January 2016 |title=What is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)? |url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160723194024/http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/index.shtml |archive-date=23 July 2016 |access-date=24 July 2016 |website=[[U.S. National Institutes of Health]] (NIH)}}</ref><ref name="DSM52">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 |date=2013 |publisher=American Psychiatric Publishing |isbn=978-0-89042-555-8 |edition=5th |location=Washington |pages=[https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/237 237–242]}}</ref><ref name="Sartorius">{{Cite web |title=The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines |url=https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/37958/9241544228_eng.pdf |access-date=8 August 2023 |website=who.int [[World Health Organization]] |page=142 |vauthors=Sartorius N, Henderson A, Strotzka H, Lipowski Z, Yu-cun S, You-xin X, Strömgren E, Glatzel J, Kühne G, Misès R, Soldatos C, Pull C, Giel R, Jegede R, Malt U, Nadzharov R, Smulevitch A, Hagberg B, Perris C, Scharfetter C, Clare A, Cooper J, Corbett J, Griffith Edwards J, Gelder M, Goldberg D, Gossop M, Graham P, Kendell R, Marks I, Russell G, Rutter M, Shepherd M, West D, Wing J, Wing L, Neki J, Benson F, Cantwell D, Guze S, Helzer J, Holzman P, Kleinman A, Kupfer D, Mezzich J, Spitzer R, Lokar J}}</ref> Obsessions be persistent unwanted thoughts, mental images, anaa urges wey dey generate feelings of anxiety, disgust, anaa discomfort.<ref name="nhs.uk_2021a">{{Cite web |date=16 February 2021 |title=Overview – Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) |url=https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/overview/ |access-date=6 November 2021 |website=[[National Health Service|nhs]].uk |language=en}}</ref> Sam common obsessions dey include fear of contamination, obsession plus symmetry, de fear of acting blasphemously, sexual obsessions, den de fear of possibly harming odas anaa demaselves.<ref name="NIH20152" /><ref name="psychiatry.org">{{Cite web |title=What Is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder? |url=https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/ocd/what-is-obsessive-compulsive-disorder |access-date=6 November 2021 |website=[[psychiatry.org]]}}</ref> Compulsions be repetitive actions dem perform insyd response to obsessions to reduce anxiety, such as washing, checking, counting, reassurance seeking, den situational avoidance.<ref name="NIH20152" /><ref name="psychiatry.org" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=CDC |date=2 December 2020 |title=Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children {{!}} CDC |url=https://www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalhealth/ocd.html |access-date=6 November 2021 |website=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] |language=en-us}}</ref> Compulsions dey occur often den typically dey take up at least one hour per day, wey dey impair one ein quality of life.<ref name="NIH20152" /><ref name="psychiatry.org" /> Compulsions temporarily dey relieve distress buh reinforce obsessions over time. Chaw adults plus OCD dey recognize dema rituals as irrational yet dem dey continue dem to reduce anxiety.<ref name="NIH20152" /><ref name="nhs.uk_2021a" /><ref name="psychiatry.org" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=What are compulsions? {{!}} OCD-UK |url=https://www.ocduk.org/ocd/compulsions/ |access-date=5 November 2021 |language=en-GB}}</ref> For dis reason, na dem usually consider thoughts den behaviors insyd OCD egodystonic (inconsistent plus one ein ideal self-image). De exact causes of OCD be unknown, buh der be evidence for de presence of a genetic component to de disorder.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Browne HA, Gair SL, Scharf JM, Grice DE |date=September 2014 |title=Genetics of obsessive-compulsive disorder and related disorders |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychiatric-clinics-of-north-america_2014-09_37_3/page/319 |journal=The Psychiatric Clinics of North America |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=319–335 |doi=10.1016/j.psc.2014.06.002 |pmc=4143777 |pmid=25150565}}</ref> A variety of social den environmental factors sanso fi contribute to de development of OCD.<ref name="NIH20152" /><ref name="Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Di">{{cite journal |vauthors=Starcevic V, Eslick GD, Viswasam K, Berle D |date=December 2020 |title=Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder during Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |journal=The Psychiatric Quarterly |volume=91 |issue=4 |pages=965–981 |doi=10.1007/s11126-020-09769-8 |pmid=32445002 |s2cid=218772347}}</ref> Diagnosis dey base on clinical presentation; wey dey rate scales such as de Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) assess severity.<ref name="DSM52" /><ref name="Fenske_2009">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fenske JN, Schwenk TL |date=August 2009 |title=Obsessive compulsive disorder: diagnosis and management |url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/2009/0801/p239.html |url-status=live |journal=American Family Physician |volume=80 |issue=3 |pages=239–245 |pmid=19621834 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512222223/http://www.aafp.org/afp/2009/0801/p239.html |archive-date=12 May 2014}}</ref> OCD dey associate plus a general increase in [[Suicide|suicidality]].<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Alonso P, Segalàs C, Real E, Pertusa A, Labad J, Jiménez-Murcia S, Jaurrieta N, Bueno B, Vallejo J, Menchón JM |date=August 2010 |title=Suicide in patients treated for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a prospective follow-up study |journal=Journal of Affective Disorders |volume=124 |issue=3 |pages=300–308 |doi=10.1016/j.jad.2009.12.001 |pmid=20060171}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Albert U, De Ronchi D, Maina G, Pompili M |date=25 July 2019 |title=Suicide Risk in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Exploration of Risk Factors: A Systematic Review |journal=Current Neuropharmacology |volume=17 |issue=8 |pages=681–696 |doi=10.2174/1570159X16666180620155941 |pmc=7059158 |pmid=29929465}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Albert U, De Ronchi D, Maina G, Pompili M |date=25 July 2019 |title=Suicide Risk in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Exploration of Risk Factors: A Systematic Review |journal=Current Neuropharmacology |volume=17 |issue=8 |pages=681–696 |doi=10.2174/1570159X16666180620155941 |pmc=7059158 |pmid=29929465}}</ref> Dem often dey use de term obsessive–compulsive anaa OCD informally to describe someone overly meticulous anaa fixated, buh OCD fi present insyd chaw ways, wey e no be all sufferers dey focus on cleanliness anaa symmetry.<ref name="Bynum_1985">{{Cite book |title=The anatomy of madness: essays in the history of psychiatry |vauthors=Bynum WF, Porter R, Shepherd M |date=1985 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-0-415-32382-6 |location=London |pages=166–187 |chapter=Obsessional Disorders: A Conceptual History. Terminological and Classificatory Issues.}}</ref> OCD be chronic den long-lasting plus periods of severe symptoms wey periods of improvement follow.<ref name="NIMH3">{{Cite web |title=Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder |url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd |access-date=23 March 2022 |website=National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Obsessive-compulsive disorder: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000929.htm |access-date=25 April 2023 |website=medlineplus.gov |language=en}}</ref> Treatment fi improve ability to function den quality of life, wey e usually be reflected by improved Y-BOCS scores.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 2022 |title=What Is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder? |url=https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/obsessive-compulsive-disorder/what-is-obsessive-compulsive-disorder |access-date=25 April 2023 |website=American Psychiatric Association}}</ref> First-line treatment for OCD typically dey consist of either exposure den response prevention anaa pharmacotherapy plus selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), anaa both in combination.<ref name="NEJM2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Grant JE |date=August 2014 |title=Clinical practice: Obsessive-compulsive disorder |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2014-08-14_371_7/page/646 |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=371 |issue=7 |pages=646–653 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp1402176 |pmid=25119610}}</ref><ref name="Ve2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Veale D, Miles S, Smallcombe N, Ghezai H, Goldacre B, Hodsoll J |date=November 2014 |title=Atypical antipsychotic augmentation in SSRI treatment refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=BMC Psychiatry |volume=14 |doi=10.1186/s12888-014-0317-5 |pmc=4262998 |pmid=25432131 |doi-access=free |article-number=317}}</ref><ref name="Beyond_OCD">{{Cite web |title=Medications Approved for Treatment of OCD |url=https://beyondocd.org/ocd-facts/approved-medications |access-date=11 December 2021 |website=Beyond OCD: OCD Information and Resources}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Pittenger C, Bloch MH |date=September 2014 |title=Pharmacological treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychiatric-clinics-of-north-america_2014-09_37_3/page/375 |journal=The Psychiatric Clinics of North America |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=375–391 |doi=10.1016/j.psc.2014.05.006 |pmc=4143776 |pmid=25150568}}</ref> Sam patients fail to improve after treatment plus SSRIs alone; dese cases dey qualify as treatment-resistant wey fi require second-line treatment such as clomipramine anaa atypical antipsychotic augmentation.<ref name="NEJM20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Grant JE |date=August 2014 |title=Clinical practice: Obsessive-compulsive disorder |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2014-08-14_371_7/page/646 |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=371 |issue=7 |pages=646–653 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp1402176 |pmid=25119610}}</ref><ref name="Ve20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Veale D, Miles S, Smallcombe N, Ghezai H, Goldacre B, Hodsoll J |date=November 2014 |title=Atypical antipsychotic augmentation in SSRI treatment refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=BMC Psychiatry |volume=14 |doi=10.1186/s12888-014-0317-5 |pmc=4262998 |pmid=25432131 |doi-access=free |article-number=317}}</ref><ref name="Bloch_2010">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bloch MH, McGuire J, Landeros-Weisenberger A, Leckman JF, Pittenger C |date=August 2010 |title=Meta-analysis of the dose-response relationship of SSRI in obsessive-compulsive disorder |journal=Molecular Psychiatry |volume=15 |issue=8 |pages=850–855 |doi=10.1038/mp.2009.50 |pmc=2888928 |pmid=19468281}}</ref><ref name="Dec2010">{{cite journal |vauthors=Decloedt EH, Stein DJ |date=May 2010 |title=Current trends in drug treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder |journal=Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment |volume=6 |pages=233–242 |doi=10.2147/NDT.S3149 |pmc=2877605 |pmid=20520787 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Recent evidence give treatment-resistant OCD sanso dey support adjunctive use of deep brain stimulation, neurosurgical ablation, den repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.<ref name="Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Adva">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hirschtritt ME, Bloch MH, Mathews CA |date=April 2017 |title=Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment |journal=JAMA |volume=317 |issue=13 |pages=1358–1367 |doi=10.1001/jama.2017.2200 |pmid=28384832 |s2cid=13660201}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Gadot R, Najera R, Hirani S, Anand A, Storch E, Goodman WK, Shofty B, Sheth SA |date=September 2022 |title=Efficacy of deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry |volume=93 |issue=11 |pages=1166–1173 |doi=10.1136/jnnp-2021-328738 |pmid=36127157 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":03">{{Cite journal |last1=Kar |first1=Sujita Kumar |last2=Agrawal |first2=Aditya |last3=Silva-Dos-Santos |first3=Amílcar |last4=Gupta |first4=Yogesh |last5=Deng |first5=Zhi-De |date=2024 |title=The Efficacy of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses |journal=CNS Spectrums |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=109–118 |doi=10.1017/S1092852923006387 |issn=1092-8529 |pmc=11524532 |pmid=38053347}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Fitzsimmons SM, van der Werf YD, van Campen AD, Arns M, Sack AT, Hoogendoorn AW, van den Heuvel OA |date=April 2022 |title=Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and pairwise/network meta-analysis |journal=Journal of Affective Disorders |volume=302 |pages=302–312 |doi=10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.048 |hdl=2066/247522 |pmid=35041869 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd National Institute Of Mental Health] * [https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/ocd/what-is-obsessive-compulsive-disorder American Psychiatric Association] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200809202423/https://www.div12.org/psychological-treatments/disorders/obsessive-compulsive-disorder/ APA Division 12 treatment page for obsessive-compulsive disorder] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809202423/https://www.div12.org/psychological-treatments/disorders/obsessive-compulsive-disorder/ |date=9 August 2020 }} * {{Cite book | vauthors = Davis LJ |url=https://archive.org/details/obsessionhistory00davi_0 |title=Obsession: A History |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-226-13782-7}} {{Digital media use and mental health}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Obsessive-compulsive disorder}} [[Category:Anxiety disorders]] [[Category:Magical thinking]] [[Category:Obsessive–compulsive disorder| ]] [[Category:Ritual]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ot9hp552ia9l4z4ab381ou1by9og43d 0 22273 112305 110873 2026-09-24T16:28:04Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112305 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Yellow fever''' be a viral disease of typically short duration.<ref name=WHO2014>{{cite web |title=Yellow fever Fact sheet N°100 |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs100/en/ |work=World Health Organization |access-date=23 February 2014 |date=May 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219011908/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs100/en/ |archive-date=19 February 2014}}</ref> Insyd chaw cases, symptoms dey include fever, chills, loss of appetite, nausea, muscle pains—particularly insyd de back—den headaches.<ref name="WHO2014" /> Symptoms typically dey improve within five days.<ref name="WHO2014" /> Insyd about 15% of people, within a day of improving de fever dey recur, abdominal pain dey occur den liver damage dey begin, wey dey cause [[Jaundice|yellow skin]].<ref name="WHO2014" /><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OZXdAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA572 |title=Scully's Medical Problems in Dentistry |vauthors=Scully C |date=2014 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-7020-5963-6 |page=572 |language=en}}</ref> If dis dey occur, de risk of bleeding den kidney problems dey increase.<ref name="WHO2014" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Yellow fever |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/yellow-fever |access-date=2022-04-30 |website=World Health Organization |language=en}}</ref> De disease be caused by de yellow fever virus wey e be spread by de bite of an infected mosquito.<ref name="WHO2014" /><ref name="mayoclinic">{{Cite web |title=Yellow fever - Symptoms and causes |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/yellow-fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20353045 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424083736/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/yellow-fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20353045 |archive-date=Apr 24, 2022 |access-date=2022-04-27 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}</ref> E dey infect humans, oda primates,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Goes de Jesus |first1=Jaqueline |last2=Gräf |first2=Tiago |last3=Giovanetti |first3=Marta |last4=Mares-Guia |first4=Maria Angélica |last5=Xavier |first5=Joilson |last6=Lima Maia |first6=Maricelia |last7=Fonseca |first7=Vagner |last8=Fabri |first8=Allison |last9=dos Santos |first9=Roberto Fonseca |last10=Mota Pereira |first10=Felicidade |last11=Ferraz Oliveira Santos |first11=Leandro |date=2020-08-11 |title=Yellow fever transmission in non-human primates, Bahia, Northeastern Brazil |journal=PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |volume=14 |issue=8 |doi=10.1371/journal.pntd.0008405 |pmc=7418952 |pmid=32780745 |doi-access=free |article-number=e0008405}}</ref> den chaw types of mosquitoes.<ref name="WHO2014" /> Insyd cities, e be spread primarily by ''Aedes aegypti'', a type of mosquito dem find thru out de tropics den subtropics.<ref name="WHO2014" /> De virus be an RNA virus of de genus ''Orthoflavivirus,'' plus a full scientific name ''Orthoflavivirus flavi.''<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Postler |first=Thomas S. |last2=Beer |first2=Martin |last3=Blitvich |first3=Bradley J. |last4=Bukh |first4=Jens |last5=de Lamballerie |first5=Xavier |last6=Drexler |first6=J. Felix |last7=Imrie |first7=Allison |last8=Kapoor |first8=Amit |last9=Karganova |first9=Galina G. |last10=Lemey |first10=Philippe |last11=Lohmann |first11=Volker |last12=Simmonds |first12=Peter |last13=Smith |first13=Donald B. |last14=Stapleton |first14=Jack T. |last15=Kuhn |first15=Jens H. |date=2023 |title=Renaming of the genus Flavivirus to Orthoflavivirus and extension of binomial species names within the family Flaviviridae |url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00705-023-05835-1 |journal=Archives of Virology |language=en |volume=168 |issue=9 |doi=10.1007/s00705-023-05835-1 |pmid=37561168 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> De disease fi be difficult to tell apart from oda illnesses, especially insyd de early stages.<ref name="WHO2014" /> To confirm a suspected case, dem dey require blood-sample testing plus a polymerase chain reaction.<ref name="Toll2009">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tolle MA |date=April 2009 |title=Mosquito-borne diseases |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_current-problems-in-pediatric-and-adolescent-health-care_2009-04_39_4/page/97 |journal=Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care |volume=39 |issue=4 |pages=97–140 |doi=10.1016/j.cppeds.2009.01.001 |pmid=19327647}}</ref> A safe den effective vaccine against yellow fever dey exist, wey sam countries dey require vaccinations for travelers.<ref name="WHO2014" /> Oda efforts to prevent infection dey include reducing de population of de transmitting mosquitoes.<ref name="WHO2014" /> Insyd areas wer yellow fever be common, early diagnosis of cases den immunization of large parts of de population be important to prevent outbreaks.<ref name="WHO2014" /> Once a person be infected, management be symptomatic; no specific measures be effective against de virus.<ref name="WHO2014" /> Death dey occur insyd up to half of those wey get severe disease.<ref name="WHO2014" /><ref>{{cite web |date=August 21, 2015 |title=Frequently Asked Questions About Yellow Fever |url=https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/qa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323210418/http://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/qa/ |archive-date=23 March 2016 |access-date=18 March 2016 |website=CDC}}</ref> Insyd 2013, na dem estimate yellow fever e cause 130,000 severe infections den 78,000 deaths insyd Africa.<ref name="WHO2014" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Garske |first=Tini |last2=Van Kerkhove |first2=Maria D. |last3=Yactayo |first3=Sergio |last4=Ronveaux |first4=Olivier |last5=Lewis |first5=Rosamund F. |last6=Staples |first6=J. Erin |last7=Perea |first7=William |last8=Ferguson |first8=Neil M. |date=2014 |title=Yellow Fever in Africa: estimating the burden of disease and impact of mass vaccination from outbreak and serological data |url=https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4011853/ |journal=PLoS medicine |volume=11 |issue=5 |pages=e1001638 |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.1001638 |issn=1549-1676 |pmc=4011853 |pmid=24800812 |via=Yellow Fever Expert Committee}}</ref> Approximately 90 percent of an estimated 200,000 cases of yellow fever per year dey occur insyd [[Africa]].<ref name="pmid17304460">{{cite journal |last=Barnett |first=Elizabeth D. |year=2007 |title=Yellow Fever: Epidemiology and Prevention |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-infectious-diseases_2007-03-15_44_6/page/850 |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |volume=44 |issue=6 |pages=850–856 |doi=10.1086/511869 |pmid=17304460 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Nearly a billion people dey live insyd an area of de world wer de disease be common.<ref name="WHO2014" /> E be common insyd tropical areas of de continents of South America den Africa,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lataillade |first1=Lucy de Guilhem de |last2=Vazeille |first2=Marie |last3=Obadia |first3=Thomas |last4=Madec |first4=Yoann |last5=Mousson |first5=Laurence |last6=Kamgang |first6=Basile |last7=Chen |first7=Chun-Hong |last8=Failloux |first8=Anna-Bella |last9=Yen |first9=Pei-Shi |date=16 November 2020 |title=Risk of yellow fever virus transmission in the Asia-Pacific region |journal=Nature Communications |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=5801 |bibcode=2020NatCo..11.5801L |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-19625-9 |pmc=7669885 |pmid=33199712}}</ref> buh no be insyd Asia.<ref name="WHO2014" /><ref name="CDC2011">{{cite web |title=CDC Yellow Fever |url=https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221085711/http://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/ |archive-date=2012-12-21 |access-date=2012-12-12}}</ref> Since de 1980s, de number of cases of yellow fever dey increase.<ref name="WHO2014" /><ref name="Barr2007">{{cite journal |vauthors=Barrett AD, Higgs S |year=2007 |title=Yellow fever: a disease that has yet to be conquered |journal=Annual Review of Entomology |volume=52 |pages=209–229 |doi=10.1146/annurev.ento.52.110405.091454 |pmid=16913829}}</ref> Dem dey believe dis be secof na fewer people be immune, more people dey live insyd cities, people dey move frequently, den [[Climate change|changing climate]] dey increase de habitat for mosquitoes.<ref name="WHO2014" /> De disease originate insyd Africa wey e spread to de Americas starting insyd de 17th century plus de European trafficking of [[Atlantic slave trade|enslaved Africans]] from sub-Saharan Africa.<ref name="Old2009">{{cite book |last1=Oldstone |first1=Michael B. A. |title=Viruses, Plagues, and History |date=2020 |isbn=978-0-19-005678-0 |pages=89–122 |chapter=Yellow Fever |doi=10.1093/oso/9780190056780.003.0005}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=History of Yellow Fever in the U.S. |url=https://asm.org/Articles/2021/May/History-of-Yellow-Fever-in-the-U-S |access-date=2022-04-27 |website=ASM.org |language=en}}</ref> Since de 17th century, na chaw major outbreaks of de disease occur insyd de Americas, Africa, den Europe.<ref name="Old2009" /> Insyd de 18th den 19th centuries, na dem consider yellow fever one of de most dangerous infectious diseases; na chaw epidemics sweep thru major cities of de US den insyd oda parts of de world.<ref name="Old2009" /> Insyd 1927, de yellow fever virus cam be de first human virus to be isolated.<ref name="lindenbach2007">{{cite book |title=Fields Virology |url=https://archive.org/details/fieldsvirology0001unse_m2s6 |vauthors=Lindenbach BD, Rice CM |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-7817-6060-7 |veditors=Knipe DM, Howley PM |edition=5th |location=Philadelphia, PA |page=[https://archive.org/details/fieldsvirology0001unse_m2s6/page/1103 1101] |chapter=Flaviviridae: The Viruses and Their Replication}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wpDaaFcFA3kC&pg=PA17 |title=West Nile Virus |vauthors=Sfakianos J, Hecht A |date=2009 |publisher=Chelsea House |others=Foreword by David Heymann |isbn=978-1-60413-254-0 |veditors=Babcock H |edition=2nd |series=Deadly Diseases & Epidemics |location=New York |page=17 |type=Curriculum-based juvenile nonfiction |quote=The yellow fever virus was isolated in 1927}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=154874|c=Category:Yellow fever|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=Yellow fever|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=Yellow fever|species=no}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170426200032/http://exhibits.hsl.virginia.edu/yellowfever/ "U.S. Army Yellow Fever Commission."] Claude Moore Health Sciences Library, University of Virginia * {{cite web |title=Yellow fever virus |work=NCBI Taxonomy Browser |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=11089 |id=11089}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Yellow Fever}} [[Category:Yellow fever| ]] [[Category:Zoonotic viral diseases]] [[Category:Biological agents]] [[Category:Epidemics]] [[Category:Tropical diseases]] [[Category:Vaccine-preventable diseases]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] czitr3e6vb3yxsm1scmxa0upovc2e28 0 22294 112388 111925 2026-09-24T18:38:18Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 6 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112388 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cholera''' be an infection of de small intestine by sam strains of de bacterium ''Vibrio cholerae''.<ref name="Fink2016">{{cite book |last1=Finkelstein |first1=Richard A. |title=Medical Microbiology |url=https://archive.org/details/medicalmicrobiol0000unse_d4e1 |date=1996 |publisher=University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston |isbn=978-0-9631172-1-2 |editor1-last=Baron |editor1-first=Samuel |edition=4th |chapter=Cholera, ''Vibrio cholerae'' O1 and O139, and Other Pathogenic Vibrios |pmid=21413330 |id=NCBIBook2 NBK8407}}</ref><ref name="CDC2015Pro5">{{cite web |date=6 January 2015 |title=Cholera – Vibrio cholerae infection Information for Public Health & Medical Professionals |url=https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/healthprofessionals.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320052724/http://www.cdc.gov/cholera/healthprofessionals.html |archive-date=20 March 2015 |access-date=17 March 2015 |publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]}}</ref> Symptoms fi range from none, to mild, to severe.<ref name="CDC2015Pro5" /> De classic symptom be large amounts of watery diarrhea wey dey last a few days.<ref name="WHO20102">{{cite journal |date=March 2010 |title=Cholera vaccines: WHO position paper |url=https://www.who.int/wer/2010/wer8513.pdf |journal=Weekly Epidemiological Record |volume=85 |issue=13 |pages=117–28 |pmid=20349546 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413020218/http://www.who.int/wer/2010/wer8513.pdf |archive-date=13 April 2015}}</ref> Vomiting den muscle cramps sanso fi occur.<ref name="CDC2015Pro5" /> Diarrhea fi be so severe wey e dey lead within hours to severe dehydration den electrolyte imbalance.<ref name="WHO20102" /> Dis fi in turn result in sunken eyes, cold anaa cyanotic<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bailey |first1=Diane |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7rvLPx33GPgC&pg=PA7 |title=Cholera |date=2011 |publisher=Rosen Pub. |isbn=978-1-4358-9437-2 |edition=1st |location=New York |page=7 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203190215/https://books.google.com/books?id=7rvLPx33GPgC&pg=PA7 |archive-date=3 December 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> skin, decreased skin elasticity, wrinkling of de hands den feet, den, in severe cases, death.<ref name="Lancet2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Harris JB, LaRocque RC, Qadri F, Ryan ET, Calderwood SB |date=June 2012 |title=Cholera |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_june-30-july-6-2012_379_9835/page/2466 |journal=[[The Lancet]] |volume=379 |issue=9835 |pages=2466–2476 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60436-x |pmc=3761070 |pmid=22748592}}</ref> Symptoms dey start two hours to five days after exposure.<ref name="CDC2015Pro5" /> Cholera be caused by a number of types of ''Vibrio cholerae'', plus sam types wey dey produce more severe disease dan odas.<ref name="WHO20102" /> E be spread mostly by unsafe water den unsafe chow wey be contaminated plus human feces wey dey contain de bacteria.<ref name="WHO20102" /> Undercooked shellfish be a common source.<ref>{{cite web |date=7 November 2014 |title=Sources of Infection & Risk Factors |url=https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/infection-sources.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150312223337/http://www.cdc.gov/cholera/infection-sources.html |archive-date=12 March 2015 |access-date=17 March 2015 |publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]}}</ref> Humans be de only known host give fe bacteria.<ref name="WHO20102" /> Risk factors for de disease dey include poor sanitation, insufficient clean drinking water, den poverty.<ref name="WHO20102" /> Cholera fi be diagnosed by a stool test,<ref name="WHO20102" /> anaa a rapid dipstick test, although de dipstick test be less accurate.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 February 2015 |title=Diagnosis and Detection |url=https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/diagnosis.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315041832/http://www.cdc.gov/cholera/diagnosis.html |archive-date=15 March 2015 |access-date=17 March 2015 |publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]}}</ref> Prevention methods against cholera dey include improved sanitation den access to clean water.<ref name="Lancet2012" /> Cholera vaccines wey dem dey give by mouth dey provide reasonable protection for about six months, den confer de added benefit of protecting against anoda type of diarrhea wey ''E.&nbsp;coli'' cause.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Clemens |first1=John D. |last2=Sack |first2=David A. |last3=Harris |first3=Jeffrey R. |last4=Chakraborty |first4=J. |last5=Neogy |first5=P. K. |last6=Stanton |first6=B. |last7=Huda |first7=N. |last8=Khan |first8=M. U. |last9=Kay |first9=Bradford A. |last10=Khan |first10=M. R. |last11=Ansaruzzaman |first11=M. |last12=Yunus |first12=M. |last13=Raghava Rao |first13=M. |last14=Svennerholm |first14=Ann-Mari |last15=Holmgren |first15=Jan |date=1 August 1988 |title=Cross-Protection by B Subunit-Whole Cell Cholera Vaccine Against Diarrhea Associated with Heat-Labile Toxin-Producing Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli: Results of a Large-Scale Field Trial |url=https://academic.oup.com/jid/article-abstract/158/2/372/810193 |journal=The Journal of Infectious Diseases |volume=158 |issue=2 |pages=372–377 |doi=10.1093/infdis/158.2.372 |issn=0022-1899 |pmid=3042876 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Xian |first1=Tew Hui |last2=Parasuraman |first2=Subramani |last3=Ravichandran |first3=Manickam |last4=Prabhakaran |first4=Guruswamy |date=16 December 2022 |title=Dual-Use Vaccine for Diarrhoeal Diseases: Cross-Protective Immunogenicity of a Cold-Chain-Free, Live-Attenuated, Oral Cholera Vaccine against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Challenge in BALB/c Mice |journal=Vaccines |language=en |volume=10 |issue=12 |page=2161 |doi=10.3390/vaccines10122161 |pmc=9787504 |pmid=36560571 }}</ref> Insyd 2017, na de US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approve a single-dose, live, oral cholera vaccine dem call Vaxchora give adults aged 18–64 wey dey travel to an area of active cholera transmission.<ref>{{cite web |date=2017 |title=Cholera Fact Sheet |url=https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/cholera/fact_sheet.htm |access-date=26 May 2020 |website=www.health.ny.gov}}</ref> E dey offer limited protection to young kiddies. People wey survive an episode of cholera get long-lasting immunity for at least three years (de period dem test).<ref name="immunity">{{cite journal |last=Harris |first=Jason B |date=15 November 2018 |title=Cholera: Immunity and Prospects in Vaccine Development |journal=J Infect Dis |volume=218 |issue=Suppl 3 |pages=S141–S146 |doi=10.1093/infdis/jiy414 |pmc=6188552 |pmid=30184117}}</ref> De primary treatment give affected individuals be oral rehydration salts (ORS), de replacement of fluids den electrolytes by using slightly sweet den salty solutions.<ref name="WHO20102" /> Rice-based solutions be preferred.<ref name="WHO20102" /> Insyd kiddies, na dem sanso find zinc supplementation to improve outcomes.<ref name="CDC2014Zinc">{{cite web |date=7 November 2014 |title=Cholera – Vibrio cholerae infection Treatment |url=https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/treatment/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150311042338/http://www.cdc.gov/cholera/treatment/index.html |archive-date=11 March 2015 |access-date=17 March 2015 |publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]}}</ref> Insyd severe cases, intravenous fluids, such as Ringer's lactate, fi be required, den antibiotics fi be beneficial.<ref name="WHO20102" /> De choice of antibiotic be aided by antibiotic sensitivity testing.<ref name="CDC2015Pro5" /> Cholera dey continue to affect an estimated 3–5&nbsp;million people worldwide den dey cause 28,800–130,000&nbsp;deaths a year.<ref name="WHO20102" /><ref name="GBD2015De">{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Haidong |last2=Naghavi |first2=Mohsen |last3=Allen |first3=Christine |last4=Barber |first4=Ryan M. |last5=Bhutta |first5=Zulfiqar A. |last6=Carter |first6=Austin |last7=Casey |first7=Daniel C. |last8=Charlson |first8=Fiona J. |last9=Chen |first9=Alan Zian |last10=Coates |first10=Matthew M. |last11=Coggeshall |first11=Megan |last12=Dandona |first12=Lalit |last13=Dicker |first13=Daniel J. |last14=Erskine |first14=Holly E. |last15=Ferrari |first15=Alize J. |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1459–1544 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1 |pmc=5388903 |pmid=27733281 |last16=Fitzmaurice |first16=Christina |last17=Foreman |first17=Kyle |last18=Forouzanfar |first18=Mohammad H. |last19=Fraser |first19=Maya S. |last20=Fullman |first20=Nancy |last21=Gething |first21=Peter W. |last22=Goldberg |first22=Ellen M. |last23=Graetz |first23=Nicholas |last24=Haagsma |first24=Juanita A. |last25=Hay |first25=Simon I. |last26=Huynh |first26=Chantal |last27=Johnson |first27=Catherine O. |last28=Kassebaum |first28=Nicholas J. |last29=Kinfu |first29=Yohannes |last30=Kulikoff |first30=Xie Rachel}}</ref> To date, seven cholera pandemics occur, plus de most recent dey begin insyd 1961, den dey continue today.<ref>{{cite news|title=Cholera's seven pandemics|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/cholera-s-seven-pandemics-1.758504|access-date=15 July 2018|work=CBC|date=9 May 2008}}</ref> De illness be rare insyd high-income countries, wey e dey affect kiddies most severely.<ref name="WHO20102" /><ref>{{cite web |date=27 October 2014 |title=Cholera – Vibrio cholerae infection |url=https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150317031930/http://www.cdc.gov/cholera/index.html |archive-date=17 March 2015 |access-date=17 March 2015 |publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]}}</ref> Cholera dey occur as both outbreaks den chronically insyd certain areas. Areas plus an ongoing risk of disease dey include [[Africa]] den Southeast Asia.<ref name="WHO20102" /> De risk of death among those wey be affected usually be less dan 5%, dem give improved treatment, buh fi be as high as 50% widout such access to treatment.<ref name="WHO20102" /> Na dem find descriptions of cholera as early as de 5th century BCE insyd Sanskrit literature.<ref name="Lancet2012" /> Insyd Europe, na dem initially use cholera as a term to describe any kind of gastroenteritis, wey na dem no use am give dis disease til de early 19th century.<ref name="rosenberg">{{cite book |author1=Charles E. Rosenberg |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k2pL9c00rl4C&pg=PA74 |title=The Cholera Years the United States in 1832, 1849, and 1866. |date=2009 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-72676-2 |location=Chicago |page=74 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151109080652/https://books.google.com/books?id=k2pL9c00rl4C&pg=PA74 |archive-date=9 November 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> Na de study of cholera insyd England by John Snow between 1849 den 1854 lead to significant advances insyd de field of epidemiology secof ein insights about transmission via contaminated water, wey na a map of de same be de first recorded incidence of epidemiological tracking.<ref name="Lancet2012" /><ref>{{cite book |last1=Timmreck |first1=Thomas C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yyrbKemADL4C&pg=PA77 |title=An introduction to epidemiology |date=2002 |publisher=Jones and Bartlett Publishers |isbn=978-0-7637-0060-7 |edition=3. |location=Sudbury, MA |page=77 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203190442/https://books.google.com/books?id=yyrbKemADL4C&pg=PA77 |archive-date=3 December 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Di main symptoms of cholera na serious [[diarrhea]] and [[vomiting]] of clear water-like fluid.<ref name="Lancet2004">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sack DA, Sack RB, Nair GB, Siddique AK | title = Cholera | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_2004-01-17_363_9404/page/223 | journal = Lancet | volume = 363 | issue = 9404 | pages = 223–33 | date = January 2004 | pmid = 14738797 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15328-7 | s2cid = 208793200 }}</ref> These symptoms dey usually start suddenly, like half day go reach five days after person chop (ingest) the bacteria.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Azman AS, Rudolph KE, Cummings DA, Lessler J | title = The incubation period of cholera: a systematic review | journal = The Journal of Infection | volume = 66 | issue = 5 | pages = 432–8 | date = May 2013 | pmid = 23201968 | pmc = 3677557 | doi = 10.1016/j.jinf.2012.11.013 }}</ref> The diarrhea dey often describe am as “rice water” type, and e fit even get fishy smell.<ref name=Lancet2004 /> Person wey no receive treatment for cholera fit dey pass about {{convert|10|to|20|litre|USgal|sigfig=1}} of diarrhea every day.<ref name=Lancet2004 /> Serious cholera, if no treatment, fit kill about half of di people wey e affect.<ref name=Lancet2004 /> If di heavy diarrhea no get treatment, e fit cause life-threatening [[dehydration]] and imbalance of [[electrolyte]] for body.<ref name=Lancet2004 /> Estimates of people wey get infection but no show symptoms (asymptomatic) compare to those wey dey sick (symptomatic) don range from 3 to 100.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = King AA, Ionides EL, Pascual M, Bouma MJ | title = Inapparent infections and cholera dynamics | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_2008-08-14_454_7206/page/877 | journal = Nature | volume = 454 | issue = 7206 | pages = 877–80 | date = August 2008 | pmid = 18704085 | doi = 10.1038/nature07084 | s2cid = 4408759 | bibcode = 2008Natur.454..877K | hdl = 2027.42/62519 }}</ref> Cholera dem dey also call am “blue death”<ref name="Greenough">{{cite journal|last1=Greenough|first1=William B. |title=The blue death Disease, disaster, and the water we drink|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-investigation_2008-01_118_1/page/4|pmc=2171164|journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation|volume=118|issue=1|page=4|doi=10.1172/JCI34394|date=2 January 2008}}</ref> because person skin fit turn [[Cyanosis|bluish-gray]] as body dey lose plenty fluid too much.<ref name="McE2009">{{cite book|author1=McElroy, Ann |author2=Townsend, Patricia K. |title=Medical Anthropology in Ecological Perspective|url=https://archive.org/details/medicalanthropol00mcel_718 |url-access=limited |location=Boulder, CO|publisher= Westview|year= 2009|page=375 |isbn=978-0-8133-4384-6}}</ref> Fever no dey common, and if e show, e fit mean say secondary infection don join. Patients fit become very weak or sleepy (lethargic), and dem fit get sunken eyes, dry mouth, cold and sweaty skin, or wrinkled hands and legs. [[Kussmaul breathing]], wey be deep and heavy breathing style, fit happen because of [[acidosis]] from loss of [[Human feces|stool]] [[bicarbonate]] and [[lactic acidosis]] wey come from poor blood flow ([[perfusion]]). [[Blood pressure]] dey drop because of dehydration, while pulse for body dey fast but weak (thready). Urine wey person dey pass go reduce as time dey go on. Muscle cramps and weakness, confusion or changed awareness, [[seizures]], and even [[coma]] fit happen because of [[electrolyte imbalance]]—this one dey happen plenty especially for children.<ref name=Lancet2004 /> ## Cause {{Main|Vibrio cholerae}} [[File:Cholera bacteria SEM.jpg|thumb|[[Scanning electron microscope]] image of ''Vibrio cholerae'']] [[File:Vibrio cholerae.jpg|thumb|''[[Vibrio cholerae]]'', di bacteria wey dey cause cholera]] ### Transmission [[Transmission (medicine)|Transmission]] of cholera dey happen usually through [[fecal-oral route]], meaning say contaminated food or water wey come from poor [[sanitation]] dey carry am pass enter person body.<ref name="WHO2010" /> For [[Developed country|developed countries]], most cholera cases dey come from contaminated food, while for [[Developing country|developing countries]] e dey mostly come from water.<ref name="Lancet2004" /> Cholera bacteria fit dey inside [[shellfish]] and [[plankton]].<ref name="Lancet2004" /> Food transmission fit happen when people harvest seafood like [[oyster]]s from water wey sewage don contaminate, because ''Vibrio cholerae'' dey gather inside small water organisms like [[planktonic]] [[copepod|crustaceans]], and oysters dey chop those organisms.<ref name="bakerinstitute.org">{{cite AV media|url=http://bakerinstitute.org/videos/civic-scientist-lecture-series-rita-colwell-oceans-climate-and-health-cholera-model-infectious-diseases-changing-environment/|title=Oceans, Climate, and Health: Cholera as a Model of Infectious Diseases in a Changing Environment|publisher=James A Baker III Institute for Public Policy|people=[[Rita Colwell]]|access-date=23 October 2013|location=Rice University|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131026030733/http://bakerinstitute.org/videos/civic-scientist-lecture-series-rita-colwell-oceans-climate-and-health-cholera-model-infectious-diseases-changing-environment/|archive-date=26 October 2013}}</ref> Cholera outbreaks dey increase in frequency, spread, and intensity because of [[Climate change and infectious diseases#Cholera and other vibrio infections|climate change]].<ref name=":162">Cissé, G., R. McLeman, H. Adams, P. Aldunce, K. Bowen, D. Campbell-Lendrum, S. Clayton, K.L. Ebi, J. Hess, C. Huang, Q. Liu, G. McGregor, J. Semenza, and M.C. Tirado, 2022: [[https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGII_Chapter07.pdf](https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGII_Chapter07.pdf) Chapter 7: Health, Wellbeing, and the Changing Structure of Communities]. In: [[https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/](https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/) Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1041–1170, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.009.</ref><ref name="(Walker, 2018)22">{{cite journal |vauthors=Walker JT |date=September 2018 |title=The influence of climate change on waterborne disease and Legionella: a review |journal=Perspectives in Public Health |volume=138 |issue=5 |pages=282–286 |doi=10.1177/1757913918791198 |pmid=30156484 |s2cid=52115812}}</ref><ref name=":92">{{Cite journal |last1=Bekele |first1=Bezawit Kassahun |last2=Uwishema |first2=Olivier |last3=Bisetegn |first3=Lydia Daniel |last4=Moubarak |first4=Antonia |last5=Charline |first5=Mugeniwayesu |last6=Sibomana |first6=Pacifique |last7=Onyeaka |first7=Chinyere Vivian Patrick |date=2025-04-30 |title=Cholera in Africa: A Climate Change Crisis |journal=Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health |language=en |volume=15 |issue=1 |doi=10.1007/s44197-025-00386-x |issn=2210-6014 |pmc=12043531 |pmid=40304931 |article-number=68}}</ref> People wey get cholera dey pass watery diarrhea, and this stool (wey people dey call “rice-water”) fit contaminate water wey other people dey use.<ref name="Sherris">{{cite book|title=Sherris Medical Microbiology|url=https://archive.org/details/sherrismedicalmi0000unse_q1i3|publisher=McGraw Hill|year=2004|isbn=978-0-8385-8529-0|edition=4th|pages=[https://archive.org/details/sherrismedicalmi0000unse_q1i3/page/376 376]–7|editor1=Ryan KJ |editor2=Ray CG}}</ref> One single diarrhea event fit increase the number of ''V. cholerae'' for environment by one million times.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/cholera-biology-and-genetics|title=Cholera Biology and Genetics {{!}} NIH: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases|website=[www.niaid.nih.gov|date=7 February 2011 |language=en|access-date=5 December 2017}}</ref> The contamination source usually be people wey get cholera, especially when dem no treat their diarrhea and e enter water bodies, [[groundwater]], or [[drinking water]] systems. Drinking contaminated water or eating food wey dem wash with that water, or eating shellfish from infected water, fit cause infection. Cholera rarely dey spread directly from person to person.<ref name="CDC 2020">{{cite web |title=General Information – Cholera |website=CDC | date=5 August 2020 |url=https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/general/index.html#three |access-date=11 March 2021}}</ref> ''V. cholerae'' also fit survive outside human body for natural water sources, either alone or together with [[phytoplankton]], [[zooplankton]], or dead organic and inorganic matter.<ref name="NEJOct2009review">{{cite journal | vauthors = Nelson EJ, Harris JB, Morris JG, Calderwood SB, Camilli A | title = Cholera transmission: the host, pathogen and bacteriophage dynamic | journal = Nature Reviews. Microbiology | volume = 7 | issue = 10 | pages = 693–702 | date = October 2009 | pmid = 19756008 | pmc = 3842031 | doi = 10.1038/nrmicro2204 }}</ref> Drinking such water fit still cause infection even without human fecal contamination. However, environmental conditions fit reduce how strong the bacteria be.<ref name="NEJOct2009review" /> Both toxic and non-toxic strains dey exist. Non-toxic strains fit later become toxic through [[bacteriophage]] infection.<ref name="Archivist_1997">{{cite journal |title=Cholera phage discovery |journal=Archives of Disease in Childhood |date=1 March 1997 |volume=76 |issue=3 |page=274 |doi=10.1136/adc.76.3.274 |pmc=1717096 |last1=Archivist }}</ref> ### Susceptibility Normally, about 100 million bacteria must enter body before cholera fit start for healthy adult.<ref name=Lancet2004 /> But this amount reduce for people wey get low [[gastric acid]], like those wey dey use [[proton pump inhibitors]].<ref name=Lancet2004 /> Children dey more vulnerable, especially ages two to four.<ref name=Lancet2004 /> Blood group also dey affect risk—people with [[type O blood]] dey more likely to get infection.<ref name=Lancet2004 /> People with weak immune system, like those with [[HIV/AIDS|AIDS]] or malnourished children, fit suffer severe cholera if dem get infected.<ref name="WHOpreventionandcontrolofoutbreaks">[[http://www.emro.who.int/csr/Media/PDF/cholera_whopolicy.pdf](http://www.emro.who.int/csr/Media/PDF/cholera_whopolicy.pdf) Prevention and control of cholera outbreaks: WHO policy and recommendations]</ref> Even healthy adults still fit get severe case, so each case must be monitored based on fluid loss with help from health professionals. The genetic mutation linked to [[cystic fibrosis]] (delta-F508) fit actually give some protection. People wey carry one copy of the gene (heterozygous carriers) dey more resistant to ''V. cholerae'' infection.<ref name="Bertranpetit_1996">{{cite book |doi=10.1002/9780470514887.ch6 |chapter=Genetic and Geographical Variability in Cystic Fibrosis: Evolutionary Considerations |title=Ciba Foundation Symposium 197 – Variation in the Human Genome |series=Novartis Foundation Symposia |year=2007 |last1=Bertranpetit |first1=Jaume |last2=Calafell |first2=Francesc |volume=197 |pages=97–118 |pmid=8827370 |isbn=978-0-470-51488-7}}</ref> For this model, the defect for ion channel protein (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) dey interfere with how bacteria dey attach to intestine lining, so e reduce infection effect. == Mechanism == [[File:Cholera role of biofilm in intestinal colonization.jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|The role of biofilm in the intestinal colonization of Vibrio cholerae]] When person drink or swallow cholera bacteria, most of the bacteria no survive the strong acidic condition inside human stomach.<ref name="BliskaAlmagro-Moreno2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Almagro-Moreno S, Pruss K, Taylor RK |title=Intestinal Colonization Dynamics of Vibrio cholerae |journal=PLOS Pathogens |volume=11 |issue=5 |article-number=e1004787 |date=May 2015 |pmid=25996593 |pmc=4440752 |doi=10.1371/journal.ppat.1004787 }}</ref> The few wey survive go conserve energy and stored nutrients by shutting down protein production as dem dey pass through the stomach. When dem reach the small intestine, dem must pass through thick mucus layer before dem fit reach the intestinal wall where dem go attach and grow.<ref name="BliskaAlmagro-Moreno2015" /> Once Vibrio cholerae reach the intestinal wall, dem no need flagella again for movement. So dem stop producing flagellin protein in order to conserve energy and nutrients by adjusting the proteins dem dey express based on new environment. On reaching the intestinal wall, Vibrio cholerae start produce toxic proteins wey cause watery diarrhea in infected person. This watery stool carry new generations of bacteria go outside body into drinking water if sanitation no dey proper.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wolfe |first1=Marlene |last2=Kaur |first2=Mehar |last3=Yates |first3=Travis |last4=Woodin |first4=Mark |last5=Lantagne |first5=Daniele |title=A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association between Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Exposures and Cholera in Case–Control Studies |journal=American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |date=2 August 2018 |volume=99 |issue=2 |pages=534–545 |doi=10.4269/ajtmh.17-0897 |pmid=29968551 |pmc=6090371}}</ref> The cholera toxin (CTX or CT) na protein complex made of six subunits: one A subunit and five B subunits connected by disulfide bond. The B subunits form ring shape wey fit bind GM1 ganglioside receptors on intestinal epithelial cells. The A1 part of A subunit na enzyme wey dey ADP-ribosylate G proteins, while A2 chain fit into B-ring structure. After binding, the toxin enter cell through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Inside cell, disulfide bond break, and A1 subunit release to interact with ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6).<ref name="O">{{cite journal |vauthors=O'Neal CJ, Jobling MG, Holmes RK, Hol WG |title=Structural basis for the activation of cholera toxin by human ARF6-GTP |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2005-08-12_309_5737/page/1093 |journal=Science |volume=309 |issue=5737 |pages=1093–1096 |date=August 2005 |doi=10.1126/science.1113398}}</ref> This activation make permanent modification of Gs alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G protein, leading to continuous production of cyclic AMP (cAMP). This cause secretion of water, sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate into intestinal lumen, resulting in severe dehydration. The gene for cholera toxin enter Vibrio cholerae through horizontal gene transfer, usually carried by CTXφ bacteriophage. Scientists study how gene expression change as bacteria pass through stomach, mucus layer, and intestinal wall.<ref name="DiRita">{{cite journal |vauthors=DiRita VJ, Parsot C, Jander G, Mekalanos JJ |title=Regulatory cascade controls virulence in Vibrio cholerae |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_proceedings-of-the-national-academy-of-sciences-usa_1991-06-15_88_12/page/5403 |journal=PNAS |volume=88 |issue=12 |pages=5403–5407 |date=June 1991 |pmid=2052618 |pmc=51881 |doi=10.1073/pnas.88.12.5403}}</ref> Inside intestine, regulatory proteins TcpP/TcpH and ToxR/ToxS activate ToxT, which turn on virulence genes responsible for toxin production and colonization.<ref name="DiRita" /> == Genetic structure == Vibrio cholerae strains from pandemics show genetic variation. Two main clusters exist: Cluster I and Cluster II. Cluster I include older strains from 1960s and 1970s, while Cluster II contain strains from 1980s and 1990s, especially from Africa.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Lan R, Reeves PR |title=Pandemic spread of cholera: genetic diversity and relationships within the seventh pandemic clone of Vibrio cholerae determined by amplified fragment length polymorphism |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-microbiology_2002-01_40_1/page/172 |journal=Journal of Clinical Microbiology |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=172–181 |date=January 2002 |pmid=11773113 |pmc=120103 |doi=10.1128/JCM.40.1.172-181.2002}}</ref> == Antibiotic resistance == In many parts of the world, cholera bacteria don develop resistance to antibiotics. For example, in Bangladesh, many cases resist tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and erythromycin.<ref name="NEJM2006" /> Scientists have developed diagnostic methods to detect multi-drug resistant strains quickly.<ref name="Mackay">{{cite book|title=Real-Time PCR in microbiology: From diagnosis to characterization|publisher=Caister Academic Press|year=2007|isbn=978-1-904455-18-9}}</ref> New antibiotics have also shown effectiveness against Vibrio cholerae in laboratory studies.<ref name="Ramamurthy">{{cite book |title=Vibrio cholerae: Genomics and molecular biology |url=https://archive.org/details/vibriocholeraege0000unse |publisher=Caister Academic Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-904455-33-2 |chapter=Antibiotic resistance in Vibrio cholerae |last=Ramamurthy |first=T. |page=[https://archive.org/details/vibriocholeraege0000unse/page/195 195]}}</ref> == Diagnosis == [[File:Rapid diagnostic test strip.jpg|thumb|A rapid dipstick test fit show whether Vibrio cholerae dey present]] There be rapid dipstick test wey doctors fit use check if Vibrio cholerae bacteria dey inside sample.<ref name="NEJM2006" /> If the test come back positive, doctors go do further testing to check whether the bacteria don develop resistance to antibiotics.<ref name="NEJM2006" /> For epidemic situation, doctor fit diagnose cholera just by asking patient history and doing quick physical examination. Treatment like rehydration therapy and oral hydration solutions fit start even before laboratory confirmation, especially for places where cholera dey common.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cholera - Diagnosis and treatment |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cholera/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355293 |access-date=4 September 2022 |website=Mayo Clinic}}</ref> Stool samples and swab samples wey collect early during sickness (before antibiotics start) na the best samples for laboratory diagnosis. If cholera outbreak dey suspected, the most common bacteria wey cause am na Vibrio cholerae O1. If Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 no show, laboratory go check for Vibrio cholerae O139. But if neither O1 nor O139 show, then stool sample must go reference laboratory for further investigation.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}} Any infection with Vibrio cholerae O139 must be reported and treated same way like O1 cholera cases. Any diarrheal disease from this bacteria dey classified as cholera and must be reported, especially for places like United States.<ref name="CDC_Diag">{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/pdf/Laboratory-Methods-for-the-Diagnosis-of-Epidemic-Dysentery-and-Cholera.pdf|title=Laboratory Methods for the Diagnosis of Epidemic Dysentery and Cholera|year=1999|publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|access-date=30 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170623024004/https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/pdf/laboratory-methods-for-the-diagnosis-of-epidemic-dysentery-and-cholera.pdf|archive-date=23 June 2017}}</ref> == Prevention == [[File:It doesn't hurt, but it tickles. A U.S. Navy hospital corpsman, member of a USAID military health team, inoculates a flo - NARA - 541855.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Preventive inoculation against cholera in 1966]] World Health Organization (WHO) dey advise say make people focus on prevention, preparedness, and response to control how cholera dey spread.<ref name="who.int" /> Dem still emphasize say strong surveillance system dey very important.<ref name="who.int" /> Governments get role for all these areas. === Water, sanitation and hygiene === Although cholera fit kill person, preventing am dey usually easy if proper sanitation practices dey followed well. For developed countries, because dem get better water treatment and sanitation systems, cholera no dey common. For example, the last big cholera outbreak for United States happen for 1910–1911.<ref name="moltke1">{{cite news |title=CHOLERA KILLS BOY; EIGHTH DEATH HERE; All Other Suspected Cases Now in Quarantine and Show No Alarming Symptoms. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1911/07/18/archives/cholera-kills-boy-eighth-death-here-all-other-suspected-cases-now.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=18 July 1911}}</ref><ref name="moltke2">{{cite news |title=More Cholera in Port |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/access/250061412.html?dids=250061412:250061412&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=OCT+10%2C+1910&author=&pub=The+Washington+Post&desc=MORE+CHOLERA+IN+PORT&pqatl=google |quote=A case of cholera developed today in the steerage of the Hamburg-American liner [[SMS Moltke (1877)|Moltke]], which has been detained at quarantine as a possible cholera carrier since Monday last. Dr. A.H. Doty, health officer of the port, reported the case tonight with the additional information that another cholera patient from the Moltke is under treatment at [[Swinburne Island]]. |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=10 October 1910 |access-date=11 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216072507/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost_historical/access/250061412.html?dids=250061412%3A250061412&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS%3AFT&date=OCT+10%2C+1910&author=&pub=The+Washington+Post&desc=MORE+CHOLERA+IN+PORT&pqatl=google |archive-date=16 December 2008}}</ref> Cholera mainly be risk for developing countries, especially areas where access to WASH (water, sanitation and hygiene) infrastructure no dey good enough. If sanitation practices dey properly introduced and followed quick, e fit stop outbreak. There be different points for cholera transmission chain where dem fit block the spread:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cholera|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cholera|access-date=20 August 2020|website=who.int|language=en}}</ref> * Sterilization: Proper disposal and treatment of all things wey fit contact stool of cholera patient (like cloth, bedsheet, etc.) dey very important. Dem suppose wash am for hot water and if possible use chlorine bleach. Anybody hand wey touch patient or their things must wash am well and disinfect am with chlorinated water or other strong antimicrobial agents. * Sewage and fecal sludge management: For areas wey cholera dey, sewage and fecal waste need proper treatment so e no spread disease through human waste. Good sanitation and hygiene dey very important.<ref name="who.int" /> Open defecation, release of untreated sewage, or dumping of fecal sludge from pit latrine or septic tank into environment must stop.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AGQVBeNM_80C&pg=PA5 |title=Urban Water Security: Managing Risks: UNESCO-IHP |last1=Cisneros |first1=Blanca Jimenez |last2=Rose |first2=Joan B. |date=24 March 2009 |publisher=[[CRC Press]] |isbn=978-0-203-88162-0 |language=en}}</ref> For many cholera areas, sewage treatment no dey enough.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rd3zCAAAQBAJ&pg=GBS.PA24 |title=Cholera and the Ecology of Vibrio cholerae |vauthors=Drasar BS, Forrest DB |date=6 December 2012 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-94-009-1515-2 |page=24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dAT9CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA219 |title=A Companion to the Anthropology of Environmental Health |last=Singer |first=Merrill |date=31 May 2016 |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-1-118-78699-4 |page=219}}</ref> So dry toilet wey no need water and no dey cause water pollution fit be better option than flush toilet.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gili |first1=Enrique |date=9 June 2015 |title=Starting a poop to compost movement |url=https://www.dw.com/en/global-ideas-haiti-poop-compost-toilets/a-18504469 |work=[[Deutsche Welle]]}}</ref> * Sources: Make people put warning for water sources wey fit be contaminated, plus instruction on how to clean water (like boiling or adding chlorine) before dem use am. * Water purification: Any water wey people go drink, cook or wash with suppose be treated well. Dem fit boil am, use chlorine, ozone treatment, ultraviolet light, or filter am well. Boiling and chlorination be cheap and effective way to stop spread. Cloth filter or sari filter too fit reduce cholera well for poor communities like for Bangladesh. Better modern filters dey even more effective. Health education and proper hygiene practice dey very important. WHO Africa still recommend say people suppose wash hand with soap or ash after toilet and before dem chop food or handle food to prevent cholera.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cholera and food safety |url=http://who.insomnation.com/sites/default/files/pdf/fan_cholera%20fact%20sheet7.pdf |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] |access-date=20 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821044840/http://who.insomnation.com/sites/default/files/pdf/fan_cholera%20fact%20sheet7.pdf |archive-date=21 August 2017}}</ref> <gallery class="center" widths="225px" heights="200px"> File:Unsafe disposal of faecal sludge or sewage in Haiti (6458176073).jpg|Dumping of sewage or fecal sludge from UN camp into lake near Port-au-Prince dey believed say e help spread cholera after Haiti earthquake for 2010, wey kill many people. File:A SOIL EkoLakay toilet customer. (15921409131).jpg|Example of urine-diverting dry toilet for cholera-affected area for Haiti. This type of toilet stop disease spread through fecal-oral route because e no dey pollute water. File:Cholera hospital in Dhaka.jpg|Cholera hospital for Dhaka, showing normal cholera treatment beds. </gallery> === Surveillance === [[File:Using Precipitation Data to Assess Risk of Cholera Outbreaks.webm|thumb|upright=1.3|A modelling approach using satellite data can help improve how we fit predict cholera risk areas for different parts of the world.]] Surveillance and quick reporting dey very important to control cholera outbreaks fast. Cholera dey behave like seasonal disease for many countries wey get am, especially during rainy season. Surveillance system fit give early warning about outbreak, so authorities fit respond quick and prepare well. Good surveillance also help to know where risk dey high so prevention fit target the right places.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/topics/cholera/control/en/index.html |title=Cholera: prevention and control |publisher=[[WHO]] |work=Health topics |year=2008 |access-date=8 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081214042133/http://www.who.int/topics/cholera/control/en/index.html |archive-date=14 December 2008}}</ref> For prevention to work well, cases must dey reported to national health authorities.<ref name=Lancet2004 /> === Vaccination === [[File:Euvichol-plus.jpg|thumb|Euvichol-plus oral vaccine for cholera]] Spanish doctor Jaume Ferran i Clua develop the first successful cholera vaccine for 1885, the first wey immunize people against bacterial disease.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/timelines/others |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211100824/http://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/timelines/others|url-status=deviated|title=Others — Timelines — History of Vaccines|archive-date=11 February 2015}}</ref> E vaccine work but e cause controversy and some people no accept am at that time. But later e prove say e dey effective: from 30,000 people wey e vaccinate, only 54 die.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal |last1=Bornside |first1=George H. |title=Waldemar Haffkine's Cholera Vaccines and the Ferran-Haffkine Priority Dispute |journal=[[Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences]] |date=1982 |volume=XXXVII |issue=4 |pages=399–422 |doi=10.1093/jhmas/xxxvii.4.399 |pmid=6759570}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite journal |last1=Bornside |first1=George H. |title=Jaime Ferran and Preventive Inoculation Against Cholera |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_bulletin-of-the-history-of-medicine_winter-1981_55_4/page/516 |journal=Bulletin of the History of Medicine |date=1981 |volume=55 |issue=4 |pages=516–532 |jstor=44441415 |pmid=7039738 }}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite journal |last1=Hawgood |first1=Barbara J |title=Waldemar Mordecai Haffkine, CIE (1860–1930): prophylactic vaccination against cholera and bubonic plague in British India |journal=[[Journal of Medical Biography]] |date=February 2007 |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=9–19 |doi=10.1258/j.jmb.2007.05-59 |pmid=17356724 |s2cid=42075270}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Lopez |first1=Anna Lena |last2=Gonzales |first2=Maria Liza Antoinette |last3=Aldaba |first3=Josephine G. |last4=Nair |first4=G. Balakrish |date=September 2014 |title=Killed oral cholera vaccines: history, development and implementation challenges |journal=Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines |volume=2 |issue=5 |pages=123–136 |doi=10.1177/2051013614537819 |issn=2051-0136 |pmc=4144262 |pmid=25177492}}</ref> Russian-French scientist Waldemar Haffkine too develop cholera vaccine for 1892.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref>{{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924024552/http://www.haffkineinstitute.org/waldemar.htm|date=24 September 2015}}</ref> E run big vaccination program for British India.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=11 December 2020 |title=Waldemar Haffkine: The vaccine pioneer the world forgot |language=en-GB |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55050012 |access-date=20 January 2021}}</ref> People wey survive cholera fit get immunity for at least 3 years.<ref name="immunity"/> Some safe oral vaccines dey available for cholera prevention.<ref name="pmid21412922">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sinclair D, Abba K, Zaman K, Qadri F, Graves PM |title=Oral vaccines for preventing cholera |journal=[[The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews]] |issue=3 |article-number=CD008603 |date=March 2011 |volume=2011 |pmid=21412922 |pmc=6532691 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD008603.pub2 |editor=Sinclair D}}</ref> WHO get three approved oral cholera vaccines: Dukoral, Sanchol, and Euvichol. Dukoral be inactivated oral vaccine wey get about 52% protection for first year and 62% for second year, with few side effects.<ref name="pmid21412922" /> E dey available for more than 60 countries. But CDC no still recommend am for most travelers from United States go endemic countries.<ref name="CDC_Vacc">{{cite web |title=Is a vaccine available to prevent cholera? |work=[[Centers for Disease Control]] |url=https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/general/#vaccine |date=22 October 2010 |access-date=24 October 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101026085158/http://www.cdc.gov/cholera/general/#vaccine |archive-date=26 October 2010}}</ref> US FDA vaccine called Vaxchora be oral live vaccine wey fit protect adults 18–64 years after single dose.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.immunize.org/fda/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415125256/http://www.immunize.org/fda/ |title=FDA Product Approval: View All |archive-date=15 April 2017}}</ref> Injectable vaccine dey too, e fit protect person for 2–3 years, but e work less for children under five years old.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Graves PM, Deeks JJ, Demicheli V, Jefferson T |title=Vaccines for preventing cholera: killed whole cell or other subunit vaccines (injected) |journal=[[The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews]] |issue=8 |article-number=CD000974 |date=August 2010 |volume=2019 |pmid=20687062 |pmc=6532721 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD000974.pub2 |editor=Graves PM}}</ref> But as of 2010, availability still limited.<ref name=WHO2010 /> Work still dey go on to study mass vaccination role.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/topics/cholera/vaccines/en/index.html |title=Cholera vaccines |publisher=[[WHO]] |work=Health topics |year=2008 |access-date=1 February 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100216224558/http://who.int/topics/cholera/vaccines/en/index.html |archive-date=16 February 2010}}</ref> WHO recommend say high-risk people like children and HIV patients for endemic countries suppose receive vaccine.<ref name=WHO2010 /> If vaccination cover many people, herd immunity fit reduce cholera spread for environment.<ref name=NEJM2006 /> WHO still talk say oral cholera vaccine fit be used for endemic areas, outbreak response, or humanitarian crisis where risk high.<ref>{{cite journal |title=News from the World Health Organization: Epidemiological Methods for Environmental Health Initiatives in WHO |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-epidemiology_1993-10_22_5/page/961 |journal=International Journal of Epidemiology |date=1993 |volume=22 |issue=5 |pages=961–962 |doi=10.1093/ije/22.5.961 }}</ref> OCV dey useful for different situations but no full agreement still dey on how to use am everywhere.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Deen J, von Seidlein L, Luquero FJ, Troeger C, Reyburn R, Lopez AL, Debes A, Sack DA |date=January 2016 |title=The scenario approach for countries considering the addition of oral cholera vaccination in cholera preparedness and control plans |journal=[[The Lancet. Infectious Diseases]] |volume=16 |issue=1 |pages=125–129 |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00298-4 |pmid=26494426 |doi-access=}}</ref> === Sari filtration === {{Main|Cloth filter}} [[Image:Washing Utensils And Vegetables.png|thumb|240px|Women for village pond for Matlab, Bangladesh, dey wash utensils and vegetables. Woman for right dey put sari filter for water container to filter water for drinking.]] For Bangladesh, people develop simple method called sari filter to reduce contamination of drinking water. Dem dey use old sari cloth (best one) or other cloth. Used cloth dey work better than new one because washing am many times reduce space between fibers. Water wey dem filter like this get fewer germs, so e safer pass before.<ref name=Ram2010>{{cite book |author=Ramamurthy T |title=Epidemiological and Molecular Aspects on Cholera |year=2010 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-60327-265-0 |page=330 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X1DI0Easu2YC&pg=PA330 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107134836/https://books.google.com/books?id=X1DI0Easu2YC&pg=PA330 |archive-date=7 November 2015}}</ref> For Bangladesh, this method reduce cholera cases by almost half.<ref name=Merr2010>{{cite book |author=Merrill RM |title=Introduction to epidemiology. |year=2010 |publisher=Jones and Bartlett Publishers |location=Sudbury, MA |isbn=978-0-7637-6622-1 |page=43 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RMDBh6gw1_UC&pg=PA43 |edition=5th |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151106194307/https://books.google.com/books?id=RMDBh6gw1_UC&pg=PA43 |archive-date=6 November 2015}}</ref> Dem dey fold sari 4 to 8 times.<ref name=Ram2010 /> After use, dem suppose rinse am and dry am under sun to kill bacteria.<ref>{{cite book |author=Starr C |title=Biology: Today and Tomorrow with Physiology |url=https://archive.org/details/biologytodaytomo0000star_h5w5 |year=2007 |publisher=[[Cengage Learning]] |isbn=978-0-7637-6622-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/biologytodaytomo0000star_h5w5/page/563 563] |edition=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107022134/https://books.google.com/books?id=-bsFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA563 |archive-date=7 November 2015}}</ref> Nylon cloth fit also work but e cost more and no easy to get.<ref name=Merr2010 /> == Epidemiology == Cholera dey affect about 2.8 million people worldwide, and e dey cause around 95,000 deaths every year (uncertainty range: 21,000–143,000) as of 2015.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ali |first1=Mohammad |last2=Nelson |first2=Allyson R. |last3=Lopez |first3=Anna Lena |last4=Sack |first4=David A. |title=Updated Global Burden of Cholera in Endemic Countries |journal=PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |date=4 June 2015 |volume=9 |issue=6 |article-number=e0003832 |doi=10.1371/journal.pntd.0003832 |pmid=26043000 |pmc=4455997}}</ref><ref name="Loz2012">{{cite journal |last1=Lozano |first1=Rafael |display-authors=etal |title=Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 |journal=The Lancet |date=December 2012 |volume=380 |issue=9859 |pages=2095–2128 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 |pmid=23245604 |pmc=10790329 |s2cid=1541253 |hdl=10536/DRO/DU:30050819 |url=https://repozitorij.upr.si/Dokument.php?id=7123&dn=}}</ref> This thing dey happen mainly for developing countries.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Reidl |first1=Joachim |last2=Klose |first2=Karl E. |title=Vibrio cholerae and cholera: out of the water and into the host |journal=FEMS Microbiology Reviews |date=June 2002 |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=125–139 |doi=10.1111/j.1574-6976.2002.tb00605.x |pmid=12069878 }}</ref> For early 1980s, dem believe say death rate still dey pass three million people every year.<ref name="Lancet2004" /> E dey hard to calculate exact number of cases because many no dey report am, especially when outbreak fit affect tourism for a country.<ref name="NEJM2006">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sack DA, Sack RB, Chaignat CL | title = Getting serious about cholera | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2006-08-17_355_7/page/649 | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 355 | issue = 7 | pages = 649–51 | date = August 2006 | pmid = 16914700 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMp068144 | s2cid = 23145226 }}</ref> As of 2004, cholera still dey both epidemic and endemic for many parts of the world.<ref name="Lancet2004" /> Recent big outbreaks include the 2010s Haiti cholera outbreak and the 2016–2022 Yemen cholera outbreak. For October 2016, cholera outbreak start for war-torn Yemen.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-40369804 |title=The horrors of Yemen's spiralling cholera crisis |publisher=BBC |author=Johannes Bruwer |date=25 June 2017}}</ref> World Health Organization (WHO) call am “the worst cholera outbreak in the world”.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dwyer|first1=Colin |title=Yemen Now Faces 'The Worst Cholera Outbreak In The World,' U.N. Says|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/24/534236954/yemen-now-faces-the-worst-cholera-outbreak-in-the-world-u-n-says|access-date=25 June 2017|work=National Public Radio}}</ref> For 2019, 93% of all reported 923,037 cholera cases come from Yemen (with 1911 deaths reported).<ref name="who_report2020" /> Between September 2019 reach September 2020, global total case pass 450,000 and deaths pass 900; but numbers no dey fully accurate because some countries dey report suspected cases instead of confirmed ones, while others no dey report at all like Bangladesh, India and Philippines.<ref name="who_report2020" /> Even though we sabi plenty things about how cholera dey spread, scientists still no fully understand why outbreak dey happen for some places and no dey happen for others. Poor sanitation and lack of safe drinking water dey make am spread well-well. Rivers and water bodies fit carry the bacteria as reservoir, and seafood wey travel far fit also spread am.{{Citation needed|date=May 2026}} Cholera cases dey increase during both flood and drought times pass normal periods.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Exploring Droughts and Floods and Their Association with Cholera Outbreaks in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Register-Based Ecological Study from 1990 to 2010 |journal=The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |date=5 March 2018 |volume=98 |issue=5 |pages=1269–1274 |doi=10.4269/ajtmh.17-0778 |pmid=29512484|pmc=5953376 }}</ref> Cholera don disappear from Americas for most part of 20th century, but e come back near the end, start from Peru outbreak.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Blake PA | title = Epidemiology of cholera in the Americas | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_gastroenterology-clinics-of-north-america_1993-09_22_3/page/639 | journal = Gastroenterology Clinics of North America | volume = 22 | issue = 3 | pages = 639–60 | date = September 1993 | doi = 10.1016/S0889-8553(21)00094-7 | pmid = 7691740 }}</ref> Later e continue with 2010s Haiti cholera outbreak<ref name="ecdc_cholera">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/all-topics-z/cholera/surveillance-and-disease-data/cholera-monthly|title=Cholera worldwide overview|date=30 May 2023|website=ecdc.europa.eu}}</ref> and another outbreak during 2018–2023 Haitian crisis.<ref>{{cite news |title=Cholera - Haiti |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2022-DON427 |access-date=1 February 2023 |work=who.int |language=en}}</ref> As of August 2021, disease still dey endemic for Africa and some parts of East and West Asia (like Bangladesh, India and Yemen).<ref name="ecdc_cholera" /> For Europe, cholera no dey endemic; all cases dem report am come from people wey travel go endemic areas.<ref name="ecdc_cholera" /> === History of outbreaks === {{Main|History of cholera}} File:Il cholera di Palermo del 1835.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Body disposal of people wey die during cholera epidemic for Palermo in 1835 File:Africa cholera2008b.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Map of 2008–2009 cholera outbreak for sub-Saharan Africa showing statistics as of 12 February 2009 The word cholera come from Greek word χολέρα (kholera), from χολή (kholē) wey mean “bile”. Cholera likely start for Indian subcontinent, because e don dey there for many centuries.<ref name="Lancet2004" /> References to cholera appear for European writings as far back as 1642, from Dutch doctor Jakob de Bondt description in his book De Medicina Indorum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.historyofmedicine.com/author/d/jacob-de-jacobus-bontius-bondt|title=All Entries by BONDT, Jacob de, Jacobus Bontius: HistoryofMedicine.com|website=historyofmedicine.com|language=en-us|access-date=23 July 2019}}</ref> At that time, Europeans dey use word “cholera” for any serious diarrhea wey dey yellow. So de Bondt use the same word describe new disease. Later, around 1830s, people begin differentiate am from “cholera morbus” and “Asiatic cholera” (wey come from India).{{Citation needed|date=May 2026}} Early outbreaks for Indian subcontinent happen because of overcrowding, poor living conditions, and stagnant water wey make bacteria grow well.<ref name="Rosenberg" /> Disease begin spread through trade routes go Russia in 1817, then Europe, North America, and other parts of world.<ref name="Lancet2004" /> Because of that, people start call am “Asiatic cholera”. Seven cholera pandemics don happen since 19th century; first one no reach Americas. Seventh pandemic start from Indonesia in 1961.<ref>"Cholera's seven pandemics". CBC News. 22 October 2010.</ref> First cholera pandemic start for Bengal region near Calcutta between 1817 and 1824. E spread go Southeast Asia, Middle East, Europe, and Eastern Africa.<ref name="Hays">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GyE8Qt-kS1kC|title=Epidemics and Pandemics: Their Impacts on Human History| vauthors = Hays JN |publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2005|isbn=978-1-85109-658-9|page=193}}</ref> Movement of British army and navy ships help spread am across Indian Ocean, Africa, Indonesia, China and Japan.<ref>{{Citation|last=McNeill|first=William H |title=Plagues and People|page=268}}.</ref> Second pandemic run from 1826 to 1837, affect North America and Europe. Better transport and trade plus migration make disease spread fast.<ref>{{cite book|title=Something New Under The Sun: An Environmental History of the Twentieth Century World (The Global Century Series).|year=2017|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9787508672526|author=McNeil J}}</ref> Third pandemic start in 1846 and end in 1860, reach North Africa and both North and South America. Irish immigrants bring am enter Canada during Great Famine. Fourth pandemic run from 1863 to 1875, start from India go Naples and Spain, then reach USA via New Orleans in 1873. E spread through Mississippi River system. Fifth pandemic (1881–1896) start for India go Europe, Asia, and South America. Sixth (1899–1923) reduce deaths because medicine don improve. Countries like Egypt, Arabia, Persia, India and Philippines suffer badly. Germany and Naples also get serious outbreaks. Seventh pandemic start in 1961 for Indonesia, and new strain called El Tor appear and still dey persist as of 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/index.html|title=Cholera – Vibrio cholerae infection |date=16 May 2017|website=cdc.gov|language=en-us|access-date=4 April 2018}}</ref> E reduce around 1975 but never fully disappear, cases rise again for 1990s till today. Cholera become big global disease in 19th century and don kill millions of people.<ref>[[Kelley Lee]] (2003) Health impacts of globalization: towards global governance. Palgrave Macmillan. p.131.</ref> For Russia alone, between 1847 and 1851, more than 1 million people die.<ref>Geoffrey A. Hosking (2001). Russia and the Russians: a history. Harvard University Press. p.9.</ref> It kill about 150,000 Americans during second pandemic.<ref>{{Cite book | author = Byrne JP | title = Encyclopedia of Pestilence, Pandemics, and Plagues: A–M |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kRAInwEACAAJ |publisher = ABC-CLIO | year = 2008 | page = 99 | isbn = 978-0-313-34102-1}}</ref> Between 1900 and 1920, about 8 million people die for India.<ref>J. N. Hays (2005). Epidemics and pandemics: their impacts on human history. p.347.</ref> Cholera become first reportable disease for United States. John Snow for England in 1854 first show say contaminated water be the source of transmission.<ref name="Lancet2004" /> Today cholera no be big threat for Europe and North America again because of clean water systems like filtration and chlorination, but e still affect developing countries. Before, ships dey fly yellow quarantine flag if cholera dey onboard. Anybody for ship no go land until about 30–40 days.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sehdev PS | title = The origin of quarantine | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-infectious-diseases_2002-11-01_35_9/page/1071 | journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases | volume = 35 | issue = 9 | pages = 1071–2 | date = November 2002 | pmid = 12398064 | doi = 10.1086/344062 }}</ref> People for old times believe plenty traditional cures. Some think say bad air (miasma theory) dey cause am. Some also believe cold body fit make person more vulnerable, so dem use flannel and cholera belts.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Renbourn ET | title = The history of the flannel binder and cholera belt | journal = Medical History | volume = 1 | issue = 3 | pages = 211–25 | date = July 1957 | pmid = 13440256 | pmc = 1034286 | doi = 10.1017/S0025727300021281 }}</ref> For Naples outbreak (1854–1855), people use homeopathic camphor.<ref>[http://www.legatum.sk/en:ahr:bayes-cholera-as-treated-by-dr-rubini-158-10355 legatum]</ref> Mother's Remedies book talk say tomato syrup dey help. Elecampane also dey used for UK.<ref name="oldtimeremedies">{{cite web |title=Cholera Infantum, Tomatoes Will Relieve |url=http://www.oldtimeremedies.co.uk/labels/cholera.html |date=13 October 2008 |access-date=18 February 2013}}</ref> First vaccine come in 1885, and first antibiotic come in 1948.{{Citation needed|date=May 2026}} Cholera cases reduce for developed countries because of better sanitation and treatment.<ref>"Cholera", World Health Organization.</ref> But in 19th century America, cholera still serious problem. E spread through rivers like Erie Canal and Mississippi system.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Pyle GF | title = The diffusion of cholera in the United States in the nineteenth century | journal = Geographical Analysis | volume = 1 | pages = 59–75 | year = 2010 | pmid = 11614509 | doi = 10.1111/j.1538-4632.1969.tb00605.x }}</ref> New York City also suffer because water system no strong enough then.<ref name="pmid7620035">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lacey SW | title = Cholera: calamitous past, ominous future | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-infectious-diseases_1995-05_20_5/page/1409 | journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases | volume = 20 | issue = 5 | pages = 1409–19 | date = May 1995 | pmid = 7620035 | doi = 10.1093/clinids/20.5.1409 | s2cid = 45016958 }}</ref> Cholera morbus be old term wey people use for gastroenteritis, not actual cholera disease.<ref name="rosenberg">{{cite book|author1=Charles E. Rosenberg|title=The Cholera Years the United States in 1832, 1849, and 1866.|date=2009|publisher=University of Chicago Press|location=Chicago|isbn=978-0-226-72676-2|page=74}}</ref> <gallery> File:Cholera.jpg|Drawing of Death bringing cholera, Le Petit Journal (1912) File:Pedro II of Brazil and ministers of state.JPG|Emperor Pedro II of Brazil visiting cholera patients in 1855 File:Cholera 395.1.jpg|New York City Board of Health hand bill, 1832 — old advice show say people no understand disease well </gallery> === Research === One big breakthrough for cholera fight come from doctor John Snow (1813–1858), wey in 1854 link cholera to contaminated water.<ref name="Rosenberg">{{cite book |author=Rosenberg, Charles E. |title=The cholera years: the United States in 1832, 1849 and 1866 |url=https://archive.org/details/cholerayearsunit0000rose |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |year=1987 |isbn=978-0-226-72677-9}}</ref> He also propose microbial cause in 1849 and prove say sewage contamination be main source for outbreaks in London in 1854.<ref>John Snow, ''The mode of communication of cholera'', 1855.</ref> Today people call am Father of Epidemiology. Bacterium wey cause cholera isolate in 1854 by Filippo Pacini,<ref>{{cite journal |first1=Fillipo |last1=Pacini |year=1854 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xdtQAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA397 |title=Osservazioni microscopiche e deduzioni patologiche sul cholera asiatico |journal=Gazzetta Medica Italiana |volume=4 |issue=50 |pages=397–401; 405–412 }}</ref> but people no really recognize am that time. Others like Joaquim Balcells i Pascual also report am same year.<ref name="Real Academia de la Historia 2018" /> Between 1850s and 1900s, developed countries invest heavily for clean water and sewage systems, and that reduce cholera outbreaks. In 1883, Robert Koch identify Vibrio cholerae as bacteria cause of cholera.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Aberth |first1=John |title=Plagues in World History |url=https://archive.org/details/plaguesinworldhi0000aber |date=2011 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield Publishers |isbn=978-1-4422-0796-7 |page=101 }}</ref> Hemendra Nath Chatterjee, Bengali scientist, first show oral rehydration therapy (ORS) work for cholera diarrhea. In 1953, he publish paper for The Lancet.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ruxin JN | title = Magic bullet: the history of oral rehydration therapy | journal = Medical History | volume = 38 | issue = 4 | pages = 363–97 | date = October 1994 | pmid = 7808099 | pmc = 1036912 | doi = 10.1017/s0025727300036905 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Chatterjee HN | title = Control of vomiting in cholera and oral replacement of fluid | journal = Lancet | volume = 265 | issue = 6795 | page = 1063 | date = November 1953 | pmid = 13110052 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(53)90668-0 }}</ref> Indian scientist Sambhu Nath De discover cholera toxin and prove how bacteria dey transmit disease.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inmemoryglobal.com/remembrance/sambhu-nath-de/|title=Sambhu Nath De}}</ref> Robert Allan Phillips also develop rehydration protocol during research in Southeast Asia and win Lasker award in 1967.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/show/treatment-of-cholera/ |title=Albert Lasker Clinical Medical Research Award |publisher= Lasker Foundation }}</ref> More recent research for 2002 show say Vibrio cholerae change inside human body and become more infectious before e comot through stool, helping am survive for environment.<ref name="Merrell2002">{{cite journal | vauthors = Merrell DS, Butler SM, Qadri F, Dolganov NA, Alam A, Cohen MB, Calderwood SB, Schoolnik GK, Camilli A | title = Host-induced epidemic spread of the cholera bacterium | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_2002-06-06_417_6889/page/642 | journal = Nature | volume = 417 | issue = 6889 | pages = 642–5 | date = June 2002 | pmid = 12050664 | pmc = 2776822 | doi = 10.1038/nature00778 }}</ref> === Global Strategy === For 2017, WHO start global plan called “Ending Cholera: a global roadmap to 2030” wey aim reduce cholera deaths by 90% by 2030.<ref name="who_fact">{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cholera|title = Cholera}}</ref> Global Task Force on Cholera Control dey lead am and dey support countries with plans and monitoring.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gtfcc.org/|title=Global Task Force on Cholera Control}}</ref> The plan get 3 main goals: early detection and response, stopping transmission through sanitation and vaccines, and global coordination through GTFCC.<ref name="who_fact" /> WHO no believe say cholera fit totally disappear worldwide because bacteria fit survive for environment even without human.<ref>{{Cite report |title=Ending Cholera a Global Roadmap to 2030|publisher=Global Task Force on Cholera Control |date=2017}}</ref> But human-to-human transmission fit still be eliminated in some places. Haiti example show say local elimination fit work, even though outbreak happen there before. Some countries still dey target full elimination certification.<ref>{{cite book |title=National Plan for the Elimination of Cholera in Haiti 2013-2022 |date=February 2013 }}</ref> GTFCC dey focus on 47 countries, and 13 of them don already start vaccination campaigns.<ref name="who_report2020">{{cite book |title=International Coordinating Group (ICG) on Vaccine Provision for Cholera, Meningitis, and Yellow Fever |date=September 2020 |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-4-002916-3 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q12090|c=Category:Cholera|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=Category:Cholera|wikt=Cholera|species=no}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130622144054/http://www.who.int/cholera/technical/prevention/control/en/ Prevention and control of cholera outbreaks: WHO policy and recommendations] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060324155246/http://www.who.int/cholera/ Cholera]{{snd}}World Health Organization * [https://www.cdc.gov/cholera/index.html Cholera – ''Vibrio cholerae'' infection]{{snd}}Centers for Disease Control and Prevention {{Authority control}} [[Category:Cholera| ]] [[Category:Diarrhea]] [[Category:Foodborne illnesses]] [[Category:Gastrointestinal tract disorders]] [[Category:Intestinal infectious diseases]] [[Category:Tropical diseases]] [[Category:Epidemics]] [[Category:Pandemics]] [[Category:Sanitation]] [[Category:Waterborne diseases]] [[Category:Vaccine-preventable diseases]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] e9nizuvv26xhme4xt6gkeylu8wv93tz 0 22295 112414 110766 2026-09-24T19:18:58Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112414 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Encephalitis lethargica''' ('''EL''') be form of brain inflamation wey be initially characterize by fever, headache, double vision, [[psychosis]], den lethargy.<ref name="NINDS2021">{{Cite web|title=Encephalitis Lethargica Information Page {{!}} National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke|url=https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Encephalitis-Lethargica-Information-Page|website=www.ninds.nih.gov|access-date=6 July 2021|archive-date=4 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170104195107/https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Encephalitis-Lethargica-Information-Page|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd chao cases, dis gradually dey result insyd some degree of coma.<ref name="Berger2014">{{Cite journal|vauthors=Berger JR, Vilensky JA|title=Encephalitis lethargica (von Economo's encephalitis)|journal=Handbook of Clinical Neurology|volume=123|issue=|pages=745–761|date=2014|pmid=25015515|doi=10.1016/B978-0-444-53488-0.00036-5|isbn=9780444534880}}</ref> [[Parkinson's disease|Parkinson's]] anaa epilepsy go fi develop insyd de years following de initial illness.<ref name="NINDS2021" /><ref name="Berger2014" /> De cause be unknown.<ref name="NINDS2021" /> Proposal dey include infection like influenza anaa autoimmune process.<ref name="Berger2014" /> Insyd at least some cases, de disease dey spread between menners.<ref name="Berger2014" /> Insyd pregnancy, ego fi affect de baby.<ref name="Berger2014" /> De underlying mechanism dey involve inflammation of specific parts of de brain, de mesencephalon den de diencephalon.<ref name="Berger2014" /> Na de Diagnosis dey base on symptoms after say dem rule out other potential cases.<ref name="Berger2014" /> Treatment dey based on de symptoms.<ref name="NINDS2021" /> Levodopa go fi result insyd significant, though temporary improvement.<ref name="NINDS2021" /><ref name="Berger2014" /> Outcomes dey depend on de associated complications.<ref name="NINDS2021" /> About a third of menners wey die.<ref name="Cam2021">{{Cite book|last=Harley|first=Trevor A.|title=The Science of Consciousness|date=18 February 2021|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-12528-5|page=282|url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/The_Science_of_Consciousness/3DcTEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=&pg=PA282|language=en|access-date=6 July 2021|archive-date=28 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828073613/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/The_Science_of_Consciousness/3DcTEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=&pg=PA282|url-status=live}}</ref> Chao wey survive cam turn permanent disabled.<ref name="Berger2014" /> Outbreaks of disease occur around d world wey start insyd 1916 till 1930 wey affect about 5 million menners.<ref name="NINDS2021" /><ref name="Berger2014" /><ref name="Cam2021" /> Outbreaks occurr prior, dem document less than 20 cases since.<ref name="Berger2014" /> Constantin von Economo den Jean-René Cruchet wey first describe de condition insyd 1917.<ref>{{Cite journal|first=K.|last=von Economo|journal=Wiener klinische Wochenschrift|date=May 10, 1917|volume=30|pages=581–585|language=de|title=Die Encephalitis lethargica.|location=Leipzig and Vienna|publisher=Franz Deuticke 1918}}</ref><ref name="Berger2014" /> Dem sana dey bell am "sleeping sickness" anaa "sleepy sickness";<ref name="Berger2014" /> though eno dey relate to tsetse fly-transmitted sleeping sickness.<ref name="Cam2021" /> == Notable cases == Notable cases dey include: * Muriel "Kit" Richardson (née Hewitt), first wifey of actor Sir&nbsp;Ralph Richardson * Der be speculation say na Adolf Hitler fi get encephalitis lethargica wen na he be a young adult (in addition to de more substantial case for Parkinsonism insyd ein later years).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Lieberman |first=A. |date=April 1996 |title=Adolf Hitler had post-encephalitic Parkinsonism |journal=Parkinsonism Relat Disord. |volume=2 |pages=95–103 |doi=10.1016/1353-8020(96)00005-3 |pmid=18591024 |number=2}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Boettcher, L.B. |author2=Bonney, P.A. |author3=Smitherman A.D. |author4=Sughrue, M.E. |date=July 2015 |title=Hitler's Parkinsonism |journal=Neurosurg Focus |volume=39 |issue=1 |page=E8 |doi=10.3171/2015.4.FOCUS1563 |pmid=26126407 |s2cid=19721269}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Gupta, R. |author2=Kim, C. |author3=Agarwal, N. |author4=Lieber, B. |author5=Monaco, E.A. |date=November 2015 |title=Understanding the influence of Parkinson's disease on Adolf Hitler's decision-making during World War&nbsp;II |journal=World Neurosurg. |volume=84 |issue=5 |pages=1447–1452 |doi=10.1016/j.wneu.2015.06.014 |pmid=26093359}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Rosen |first=Denis |date=15 June 2010 |title=Review: ''Asleep: The forgotten epidemic that remains one of medicine's greatest mysteries'' by Molly Caldwell Crosby |journal=J. Clin. Sleep Med. |volume=6 |page=299 |doi=10.5664/jcsm.27831 |pmc=2883045 |number=3}}</ref> * Mervyn Peake (1911–1968), author of de ''Gormenghast'' books.<ref name="dlb">{{cite journal |last=Sahlas |first=Demetrios J. |year=2003 |title=Dementia with Lewy bodies and the neurobehavioral decline of Mervyn Peake |journal=Arch. Neurol. |volume=60 |issue=6 |pages=889–892 |doi=10.1001/archneur.60.6.889 |pmid=12810496 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=McMillan |first1=Roy |url=http://download.audible.com/product_related_docs/BK_NAXO_000663.pdf |title=Titus Alone |last2=Peake |first2=Mervyn |date=20 July 2011 |publisher=Naxos Audiobooks |isbn=978-184-379-542-1 |editor-last=Butcher |editor-first=Sara |edition=abridged, audio |location=Germany |page=7 |type=publishers' liner notes |quote=But the plays were not the financial winners he had hoped for, and he suffered another nervous breakdown in 1957. This led to the more evident display of the symptoms of a type of Parkinson's disease which, alongside the effects of ''encephalitis lethargica'' that he contracted in childhood, was slowly to kill him over more than a decade. — Reference guide for abridged audiobook of ''Titus Alone''. |access-date=2 May 2018 |orig-year=1959 |via=Audible.com |lang=en}}</ref> * Those dem describe insyd de book ''Awakenings'' by de British neurologist Oliver Sacks. * Jane Norton Grew Morgan, wifey of J. P. Morgan Jr.<ref>{{cite book |last=Chernow |first=Ron |title=The House of Morgan: An American banking dynasty and the rise of modern finance |url=https://archive.org/details/houseofmorganame0000cher_k5g9 |publisher=Atlantic Monthly Press |year=1990 |isbn=0-87113-338-5 |location=New York, NY}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{Cite book |author=Crosby, Molly Caldwell |author-link=Molly Caldwell Crosby |title='Asleep: The Forgotten Epidemic that Remains One of Medicine's Greatest Mysteries |url=https://archive.org/details/asleepforgottene0000cros |publisher=Penguin/Berkley |year=2010 |isbn= |location=New York}}{{snd}}Describes the history of the disease, and the epidemic of the 1920s. * {{Cite journal |author1=Reid, A.H. |author2=McCall, S. |author3=Henry, J.M. |author4=Taubenberger, J.K. |year=2001 |title=Experimenting on the Past: The Enigma of von Economo's Encephalitis Lethargica |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-neuropathology-and-experimental-neurology_2001-07_60_7/page/663 |journal=J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. |volume=60 |issue=7 |pages=663–670 |doi=10.1093/jnen/60.7.663 |pmid=11444794 |doi-access=free}} * {{Cite book |last=Sacks |first=Oliver |author-link=Oliver Sacks |title=[[Awakenings (book)|Awakenings]] |publisher=Vintage Books |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-375-70405-5 |oclc=21910570}} * {{cite journal |author=Sacks O |year=1983 |title=The origin of 'Awakenings' |journal=Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.) |volume=287 |issue=6409 |pages=1968–1969 |doi=10.1136/bmj.287.6409.1968 |pmc=1550182 |pmid=6418286}} * {{Cite journal |author1=Vilensky, J.A. |author2=Foley, P. |author3=Gilman, S. |date=August 2007 |title=Children and encephalitis lethargica: A historical review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_pediatric-neurology_2007-08_37_2/page/79 |journal=Pediatr. Neurol. |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=79–84 |doi=10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2007.04.012 |pmid=17675021}} * {{cite book |title=Encephalitis Lethargica: During and after the epidemic |url=https://archive.org/details/encephalitisleth0000unse |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0190452209 |editor=Vilensky, Joel A. |location=Oxford, UK}} == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite news |title = Mystery of the forgotten plague |date = 27 July 2004 |publisher = [[BBC News]] |department = One-Minute World News |url = https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3930727.stm |quote = ''Medical Mysteries: The Forgotten Plague'' was broadcast on [[BBC One]] on 28&nbsp;July [2004] at 22:35&nbsp;[[British Summer Time|BST]]. }} — item about the tracing of the infectious agent in ''encephalitis lethargica'' [[Category:Ailments of unknown cause]] [[Category:Encephalitis]] [[Category:Unsolved problems insyd neuroscience]] [[Category:Viral infections of de central nervous system]] [[Category:Diseases dem name after discoverers]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ejf30euhtdkmqlj4s3vokygya7bxcqm 0 22310 112545 110730 2026-09-25T02:33:38Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112545 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Psoriasis''' be a long-lasting, noncontagious [[autoimmune disease]] wey be characterized by patches of abnormal skin.<ref name="Lancet20152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Boehncke WH, Schön MP |date=September 2015 |title=Psoriasis |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_september-5-11-2015_386_9997/page/983 |journal=Lancet |volume=386 |issue=9997 |pages=983–94 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61909-7 |pmid=26025581 |s2cid=208793879}}</ref><ref name="NIH20152">{{cite web |date=12 April 2017 |title=Questions and Answers About Psoriasis |url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/psoriasis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422134800/https://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/psoriasis/ |archive-date=22 April 2017 |access-date=22 April 2017 |website=National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases}}</ref> Dese areas be red, pink, anaa purple, dry, itchy, den scaly.<ref name="Menter20083">{{Cite journal |last1=Menter |first1=Alan |last2=Gottlieb |first2=Alice |last3=Feldman |first3=Steven R. |last4=Van Voorhees |first4=Abby S. |last5=Leonardi |first5=Craig L. |last6=Gordon |first6=Kenneth B. |last7=Lebwohl |first7=Mark |last8=Koo |first8=John Y.M. |last9=Elmets |first9=Craig A. |last10=Korman |first10=Neil J. |last11=Beutner |first11=Karl R. |last12=Bhushan |first12=Reva |date=2008 |title=Guidelines of care for the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0190962208002739 |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology |language=en |volume=58 |issue=5 |pages=826–850 |doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2008.02.039 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MDXiBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA454 |title=Medical-Surgical Nursing |vauthors=LeMone P, Burke K, Dwyer T, Levett-Jones T, Moxham L, Reid-Searl K |date=2015 |publisher=Pearson Higher Education AU |isbn=978-1-4860-1440-8 |page=454 |access-date=8 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230114031931/https://books.google.com/books?id=MDXiBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA454 |archive-date=14 January 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Psoriasis dey vary in severity from small localized patches to complete body coverage.<ref name="Menter20083" /> Injury to de skin fi trigger psoriatic skin changes at dat spot, wich be known as de Koebner phenomenon.<ref name="Ely2010">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ely JW, Seabury Stone M |date=March 2010 |title=The generalized rash: part II. Diagnostic approach |url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/0315/p735.html |url-status=live |journal=American Family Physician |volume=81 |issue=6 |pages=735–9 |pmid=20229972 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202152931/http://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/0315/p735.html |archive-date=2 February 2014}}</ref> De five main types of psoriasis be plaque, guttate, inverse, pustular, den erythrodermic.<ref name="NIH20152" /> Plaque psoriasis, dem sanso know as psoriasis vulgaris, dey make up about 90% of cases.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> E typically dey present as red patches plus white scales on top.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> Areas of de body most commonly affected be de back of de forearms, shins, navel area, den scalp.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> Guttate psoriasis get drop-shaped lesions.<ref name="NIH20152" /> Pustular psoriasis dey present as small, noninfectious, pus-filled blisters.<ref name="Jain20122">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r4Xzi0LKROcC&q=dermatology&pg=PA86 |title=Dermatology: illustrated study guide and comprehensive board review |vauthors=Jain S |publisher=Springer |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-4419-0524-6 |pages=83–87 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908183432/https://books.google.com/books?id=r4Xzi0LKROcC&lpg=PP1&dq=dermatology&pg=PA86 |archive-date=8 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Inverse psoriasis dey form red patches in skin folds.<ref name="NIH20152" /> Erythrodermic psoriasis dey occur wen de rash cam be very widespread wey fi develop from any of de oda types.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> Fingernails den toenails be affected insyd chaw people plus psoriasis at sam point insyd time.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> Dis fi include pits insyd de nails anaa changes insyd nail color.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> Dem generally dey think psoriasis to be a genetic disease wey be triggered by environmental factors.<ref name="Menter20083" /> If one twin get psoriasis, de oda twin be three times more likely to be affected if de twins be identical dan if dem be nonidentical.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> Dis dey suggest say genetic factors predispose to psoriasis.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> Symptoms often worsen during winter den plus certain medications, such as beta blockers anaa NSAIDs.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> Infections den psychological stress sanso fi play a role.<ref name="NIH20152" /><ref name="Menter20083" /> De underlying mechanism dey involve de immune system wey dey react to skin cells.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> Diagnosis dey typically base on de signs den symptoms.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> Der be no known cure give psoriasis, buh various treatments fi help control de symptoms.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> Dese treatments dey include steroid creams, vitamin D₃ cream, ultraviolet light, immunosuppressive drugs, such as methotrexate, den biologic therapies wey dey target specific immunologic pathways.<ref name="NIH20152" /> About 75% of skin involvement dey improve plus creams per.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> De disease dey affect 2–4% of de population.<ref name="Parisi2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Parisi R, Symmons DP, Griffiths CE, Ashcroft DM |date=February 2013 |others=Identification and Management of Psoriasis and Associated ComorbidiTy (IMPACT) project team |title=Global epidemiology of psoriasis: a systematic review of incidence and prevalence |journal=The Journal of Investigative Dermatology |volume=133 |issue=2 |pages=377–85 |doi=10.1038/jid.2012.339 |pmid=23014338 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref> Men den women be affected plus equal frequency.<ref name="NIH20152" /> De disease fi begin at any age, buh typically dey start insyd adulthood.<ref name="NIH20152" /> Psoriasis be associated plus an increased risk of psoriatic arthritis, lymphomas, cardiovascular disease, [[Crohn's disease]], den depression.<ref name="Lancet20152" /> Psoriatic arthritis dey affect up to 30% of individuals plus psoriasis.<ref name="Jain20122" /> De word "psoriasis" be from Greek {{lang|grc|ψωρίασις}} wey dey mean 'itching condition' anaa 'being itchy',<ref name="Ritchlin2007">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RN-B2g2YjmAC&pg=PA4 |title=Psoriatic and Reactive Arthritis: A Companion to Rheumatology |vauthors=Ritchlin C, Fitzgerald I |publisher=Mosby |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-323-03622-1 |edition=1st |location=Maryland Heights, MI |page=4 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108132906/https://books.google.com/books?id=RN-B2g2YjmAC&pg=PA4&lpg=PA4 |archive-date=8 January 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> from ''psora'' 'itch', den ''-iasis'' 'action, condition'. == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W8HZtSkDhXgC&pg=PP1 |title=From Arsenic to Biologicals: A 200 Year History of Psoriasis |vauthors=Baker BS |publisher=Garner |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-9551603-2-5 |location=Beckenham UK}} * {{cite web |title=Guidelines for the assessment and management of psoriasis |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927041156/http://www.guideline.gov/content.aspx?id=38575 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927041156/https://web.archive.org/web/20130927041156/http://www.guideline.gov/content.aspx?id=38575 |archive-date=27 September 2013 |access-date=26 July 2013 |publisher=U.S. [[National Guideline Clearinghouse]]}} * {{cite book |url=https://www.who.int/ncds/management/psoriasis/en/ |title=Global report on psoriasis |vauthors=((World Health Organization)) |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) |year=2016 |isbn=978-92-4-156518-9 |hdl=10665/204417 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160229000322/http://www.who.int/ncds/management/psoriasis/en/ |archive-date=29 February 2016}} == External links == {{Commons}} <!-- Please read http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:EL before adding links. Specifically, links to commercial sites and forums are strongly discouraged. Wikipedia is not a collection of links, no matter how useful/helpful. --> * {{cite web | title=Psoriatic arthritis | website=Genetics Home Reference | url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/psoriatic-arthritis/ }} * {{cite web | url = https://medlineplus.gov/psoriasis.html | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine | work = MedlinePlus | title = Psoriasis }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] [[Category:Cutaneous conditions]] [[Category:Psoriasis| ]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] gfxmkhtet2e1usebx7ska26dxrl88ma 0 22319 112302 110724 2026-09-24T16:25:09Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112302 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cirrhosis''', dem sanso know as '''liver cirrhosis''' anaa '''hepatic cirrhosis''', '''chronic liver failure''' anaa '''chronic hepatic failure''' den '''end-stage liver disease''', be a chronic condition of de liver insyd wich de normal functioning tissue, anaa parenchyma, be replaced plus scar tissue (fibrosis) den regenerative nodules as a result of chronic liver disease.<ref name="NHS2020">{{cite web |date=29 June 2020 |title=Cirrhosis |url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cirrhosis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005102913/http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cirrhosis/pages/introduction.aspx |archive-date=5 October 2017 |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=nhs.uk}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Tsochatzis EA, Bosch J, Burroughs AK |year=2014 |title=Liver cirrhosis |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_may-17-23-2014_383_9930/page/1749 |journal=The Lancet |volume=383 |issue=9930 |pages=1749–1761 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60121-5 |pmid=24480518}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482419/ |title=StatPearls [Internet] |vauthors=Sharma B, John S |date=31 October 2022 |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |location=Treasure Island, Florida |chapter=Hepatic Cirrhosis |pmid=29494026 |id=Bookshelf ID NBK482419 |access-date=16 July 2024 |via=National Library of Medicine}}</ref> Damage to de liver dey lead to repair of liver tissue den subsequent formation of scar tissue. Over time, scar tissue den nodules of regenerating hepatocytes fi replace de parenchyma, wey dey cause increased resistance to blood flow insyd de liver's capillaries—de hepatic sinusoids<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |title=Sherlock's diseases of the liver and biliary system |vauthors=Bansal MB, Friedman SL |date=8 June 2018 |publisher=Wiley Blackwell |isbn=978-1-119-23756-3 |veditors=Dooley JS, Lok AS, Garcia-Tsao G, Pinzani M |edition=13th |location=Hoboken, New Jersey |pages=82–92 |chapter=Chapter 6: Hepatic Fibrinogenesis |oclc=1019837000}}</ref>{{rp|83}} —den consequently portal hypertension, as well as impairment insyd oda aspects of liver function.<ref name="NHS2020" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Haep N, Florentino RM, Squires JE, Bell A, Soto-Gutierrez A |year=2021 |title=The Inside-Out of End-Stage Liver Disease: Hepatocytes are the Keystone |journal=Seminars in Liver Disease |volume=41 |issue=2 |pages=213–224 |doi=10.1055/s-0041-1725023 |pmc=8996333 |pmid=33992030}}</ref> De disease typically dey develop slowly over months anaa years.<ref name="NIH20143">{{cite web |date=April 23, 2014 |title=Cirrhosis |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/cirrhosis?dkrd=hispt0382 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150609090212/http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/liver-disease/cirrhosis/Pages/facts.aspx |archive-date=9 June 2015 |access-date=19 May 2015 |publisher=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases}}</ref> Stages dey include compensated cirrhosis den decompensated cirrhosis.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Cirrhosis of the liver |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15572-cirrhosis-of-the-liver |website=[[cleveland clinic]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Sherlock's diseases of the liver and biliary system |vauthors=McCormick PA, Jalan R |date=8 June 2018 |publisher=Wiley Blackwell |isbn=978-1-119-23756-3 |veditors=Dooley JS, Lok AS, Garcia-Tsao G, Pinzani M |edition=13th |location=Hoboken, New Jersey |pages=107–126 |chapter=Chapter 8: Hepatic Cirrhosis |oclc=1019837000}}</ref>{{rp|110-111}} Early symptoms fi include tiredness, weakness, loss of appetite, unexplained weight loss, nausea den vomiting, den discomfort insyd de right upper quadrant of de abdomen.<ref name="NIDDK2018">{{cite web |title=Symptoms & Causes of Cirrhosis {{!}} NIDDK |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/cirrhosis/symptoms-causes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210208112830/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/cirrhosis/symptoms-causes |archive-date=8 February 2021 |access-date=8 February 2021 |website=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases}}</ref> As de disease worsens, symptoms fi include itchiness, swelling insyd de lower legs, fluid build-up insyd de abdomen, [[jaundice]], bruising easily, den de development of spider-like blood vessels insyd de skin.<ref name="NIDDK2018" /> De fluid build-up insyd de abdomen fi develop into spontaneous infections.<ref name="NIH20143" /> More serious complications dey include hepatic encephalopathy, bleeding from dilated veins insyd de esophagus, stomach, anaa intestines, den liver cancer.<ref name="NIDDK2">{{cite web |title=Definition & Facts for Cirrhosis {{!}} NIDDK |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/cirrhosis/definition-facts |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210311155052/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/cirrhosis/definition-facts |archive-date=2021-03-11 |access-date=2021-03-10 |website=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases}}</ref> Cirrhosis most commonly be caused by medical conditions wey dey include alcohol-related liver disease, metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis (MASH&nbsp;– de progressive form of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease,<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rinella ME, Lazarus JV, Ratziu V, Francque SM, Sanyal AJ, Kanwal F, Romero D, Abdelmalek MF, Anstee QM, Arab JP, Arrese M, Bataller R, Beuers U, Boursier J, Bugianesi E, Byrne CD, Castro Narro GE, Chowdhury A, Cortez-Pinto H, Cryer DR, Cusi K, El-Kassas M, Klein S, Eskridge W, Fan J, Gawrieh S, Guy CD, Harrison SA, Kim SU, Koot BG, Korenjak M, Kowdley KV, Lacaille F, Loomba R, Mitchell-Thain R, Morgan TR, Powell EE, Roden M, Romero-Gómez M, Silva M, Singh SP, Sookoian SC, Spearman CW, Tiniakos D, Valenti L, Vos MB, Wong VW, Xanthakos S, Yilmaz Y, Younossi Z, Hobbs A, Villota-Rivas M, Newsome PN, ((NAFLD Nomenclature consensus group)) |year=2024 |title=A multisociety Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature |journal=Annals of Hepatology |volume=29 |issue=1 |doi=10.1016/j.aohep.2023.101133 |hdl=2434/1050088 |pmid=37364816 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free |article-number=101133}}</ref> dem previously call non-alcoholic fatty liver disease anaa NAFLD<ref name="Castera">{{cite journal |vauthors=Castera L, Friedrich-Rust M, Loomba R |date=April 2019 |title=Noninvasive Assessment of Liver Disease in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=156 |issue=5 |pages=1264–1281.e4 |doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2018.12.036 |pmc=7505052 |pmid=30660725}}</ref>), heroin abuse,<ref>{{cite news|title=Ultrastructural Changes In The Liver Of Intravenous Heroin Addiction|publisher=Journal of the Association of Basic Medical Sciences|date=February 2010|pmc=5596609|last1=Ilić|first1=G.|last2=Karadžić|first2=R.|last3=Kostić-Banović|first3=L.|last4=Stojanović|first4=J.|last5=Antović|first5=A.|journal=Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences|volume=10|issue=1|pages=36–43}}</ref> chronic hepatitis&nbsp;B, den chronic hepatitis&nbsp;C.<ref name="GBD2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal |date=January 2015 |title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_january-10-16-2015_385_9963/page/117 |journal=Lancet |volume=385 |issue=9963 |pages=117–171 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2 |pmc=4340604 |pmid=25530442 |collaboration=GBD 2013 Mortality Causes of Death Collaborators}}</ref> Chronic heavy drinking fi cause alcoholic liver disease.<ref name="medline1">{{cite web |title=Alcoholic liver disease |url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000281.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527141122/https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000281.htm |archive-date=2019-05-27 |access-date=2021-03-10 |website=MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia}}</ref> Na dem sanso attribute liver damage to heroin usage over an extended period of time as well.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.banyantreatmentcenter.com/2022/01/11/heroin-and-liver-damage/|title=Heroin and Liver Damage|publisher=Banyan Medical Centers|access-date=August 7, 2022}}</ref> MASH get chaw causes, wey dey include obesity, high blood pressure, abnormal levels of cholesterol, type&nbsp;2 diabetes, den metabolic syndrome.<ref name="FactsNIH">{{cite web |title=Definition & Facts of NAFLD & NASH {{!}} NIDDK |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/nafld-nash/definition-facts |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210312180930/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/nafld-nash/definition-facts |archive-date=12 March 2021 |access-date=9 March 2021 |website=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases}}</ref> Less common causes of cirrhosis dey include autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, den primary sclerosing cholangitis wey dey disrupt bile duct function, genetic disorders such as Wilson's disease den hereditary hemochromatosis, den chronic heart failure plus liver congestion.<ref name="NIDDK2018" /> Diagnosis dey base on blood tests, medical imaging, den liver biopsy.<ref name="NIH20143" /><ref name="NIH2014">{{cite web |date=April 23, 2014 |title=Cirrhosis |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/cirrhosis?dkrd=hispt0382 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150609090212/http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/liver-disease/cirrhosis/Pages/facts.aspx |archive-date=9 June 2015 |access-date=19 May 2015 |publisher=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases}}</ref> Hepatitis&nbsp;B vaccine fi prevent hepatitis&nbsp;B den de development of cirrhosis from am, but no vaccination against hepatitis&nbsp;C be available.<ref name="NIH20143" /> Dem no know specific treatment give cirrhosis, buh chaw of de underlying causes fi be treated by medications wey fi slow anaa prevent worsening of de condition.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Treatment for Cirrhosis - NIDDK |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/cirrhosis/treatment |access-date=2025-11-22 |website=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases |language=en-US}}</ref> Hepatitis&nbsp;B den C fi be treatable plus antiviral medications.<ref name="NIH20143" /> Avoiding alcohol be recommended insyd all cases.<ref name="NIH20143" /> Autoimmune hepatitis fi be treated plus steroid medications.<ref name="NIH20143" /> Ursodiol fi be useful if de disease be secof blockage of de bile duct.<ref name="NIH20143" /> Oda medications fi be useful for complications such as abdominal anaa leg swelling, hepatic encephalopathy, den dilated esophageal veins.<ref name="NIH20143" /> If cirrhosis dey lead to liver failure, a liver transplant fi be an option.<ref name="FactsNIH" /> Biannual screening give liver cancer dey use abdominal ultrasound, possibly plus additional blood tests, be recommended<ref>{{cite web |last=Grady |first=John |date=15 February 2024 |title=Back to Basics: Outpatient Management of Cirrhosis |url=https://www.aasld.org/liver-fellow-network/core-series/back-basics/back-basics-outpatient-management-cirrhosis |access-date=16 July 2024 |website=Liver Fellow Network |publisher=American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Singal AG, Llovet JM, Yarchoan M, Mehta N, Heimbach JK, Dawson LA, Jou JH, Kulik LM, Agopian VG, Marrero JA, Mendiratta-Lala M, Brown DB, Rilling WS, Goyal L, Wei AC, Taddei TH |year=2023 |title=AASLD Practice Guidance on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma |journal=Hepatology |volume=78 |issue=6 |pages=1922–1965 |doi=10.1097/HEP.0000000000000466 |pmc=10663390 |pmid=37199193}}</ref> secof de high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma wey dey arise from dysplastic nodules.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Liao Z, Tang C, Luo R, Gu X, Zhou J, Gao J |year=2023 |title=Current Concepts of Precancerous Lesions of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Recent Progress in Diagnosis |journal=Diagnostics |volume=13 |issue=7 |page=1211 |doi=10.3390/diagnostics13071211 |pmc=10093043 |pmid=37046429 |doi-access=free |article-number=1211}}</ref> Cirrhosis wey be affected about 2.8&nbsp;million people wey result insyd 1.3&nbsp;million deaths insyd 2015.<ref name="GBD2015Pre">{{cite journal |last1=Vos |first1=Theo |last2=Allen |first2=Christine |last3=Arora |first3=Megha |last4=Barber |first4=Ryan M. |last5=Bhutta |first5=Zulfiqar A. |last6=Brown |first6=Alexandria |last7=Carter |first7=Austin |last8=Casey |first8=Daniel C. |last9=Charlson |first9=Fiona J. |last10=Chen |first10=Alan Z. |last11=Coggeshall |first11=Megan |last12=Cornaby |first12=Leslie |last13=Dandona |first13=Lalit |last14=Dicker |first14=Daniel J. |last15=Dilegge |first15=Tina |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1545–1602 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 |pmc=5055577 |pmid=27733282 |last16=Erskine |first16=Holly E. |last17=Ferrari |first17=Alize J. |last18=Fitzmaurice |first18=Christina |last19=Fleming |first19=Tom |last20=Forouzanfar |first20=Mohammad H. |last21=Fullman |first21=Nancy |last22=Gething |first22=Peter W. |last23=Goldberg |first23=Ellen M. |last24=Graetz |first24=Nicholas |last25=Haagsma |first25=Juanita A. |last26=Hay |first26=Simon I. |last27=Johnson |first27=Catherine O. |last28=Kassebaum |first28=Nicholas J. |last29=Kawashima |first29=Toana |last30=Kemmer |first30=Laura}}</ref><ref name="GBD2015De">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1459–1544 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1 |pmc=5388903 |pmid=27733281 |collaboration=GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators}}</ref> Of dese deaths, na alcohol cause 348,000 (27%), hepatitis&nbsp;C cause 326,000 (25%), den hepatitis&nbsp;B cause 371,000 (28%).<ref name="GBD2015De" /> Insyd de United States, more men die of cirrhosis dan women.<ref name="NIH20143" /> De first known description of de condition be by Hippocrates insyd de fifth century BCE.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ctqtT0hieL0C&pg=PA366 |title=Elective general surgery: an evidence-based approach |vauthors=Brower ST |date=2012 |publisher=McGraw-Hill Medical |isbn=978-1-60795-109-4 |location=New York |page=36 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908175353/https://books.google.com/books?id=ctqtT0hieL0C&pg=PA366 |archive-date=2017-09-08 |url-status=live}}</ref> Na dem derive de term "cirrhosis" insyd 1819 from de Greek word "kirrhos", wich dey describe de yellowish color of a diseased liver.<ref name="Rog2006">{{cite journal |vauthors=Roguin A |date=September 2006 |title=Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laënnec (1781-1826): the man behind the stethoscope |journal=Clinical Medicine & Research |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=230–235 |doi=10.3121/cmr.4.3.230 |pmc=1570491 |pmid=17048358}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111030040354/http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/cirrhosis/ Cirrhosis of the Liver] at the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC). NIH Publication No. 04-1134, December 2003. * {{cite web |url=https://medlineplus.gov/cirrhosis.html |publisher=U.S. National Library of Medicine |work=MedlinePlus |title=Cirrhosis}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Diseases of liver]] [[Category:Health effects of alcohol]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Disorders wey dey cause edema]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] t8m9kmlweppnruua632xfrchm5ro4g2 0 22342 112316 110770 2026-09-24T16:44:08Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112316 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Antisocial personality disorder''' ('''ASPD''') be a personality disorder dem define by a chronic pattern of behavior wey dey disregard de rights den well-being of odas. People plus ASPD often dey exhibit behavior wey dey conflict plus social norms, wey dey lead to issues plus interpersonal relationships, employment, den legal matters. De condition generally dey manifest insyd kiddie time anaa early adolescence, plus a high rate of associated conduct problems den a tendency for symptoms to peak insyd late adolescence den early adulthood. De [[prognosis]] for ASPD be complex, plus high variability in outcomes. Individuals plus severe ASPD symptoms fi get difficulty wey dey form stable relationships, dey maintain employment, den dey avoid criminal behavior, wey dey result in higher rates of divorce, unemployment, homelessness, den incarceration. Insyd extreme cases, ASPD fi lead to violent anaa criminal behaviors, often dey escalate insyd early adulthood. Research dey indicate say individuals plus ASPD get an elevated risk of [[suicide]], particularly those wey sanso engage insyd substance misuse anaa dem get a history of incarceration. Additionally, kiddies wey parents plus ASPD raise fi be at greater risk of delinquency den mental health issues demaselves. Although ASPD be a persistent den often lifelong condition, symptoms fi diminish over time, particularly after age 40, though a small percentage of individuals per dey experience significant improvement. Chaw individuals plus ASPD get co-occurring issues such as substance use disorders, mood disorders, anaa oda personality disorders. Research on pharmacological treatment for ASPD be limited, plus dem no approve medications specifically give de disorder. However, certain psychiatric medications, wey dey include antipsychotics, antidepressants, den mood stabilizers, fi help manage symptoms like aggression den impulsivity insyd sam cases, anaa treat co-occurring disorders. Na de diagnostic criteria den understanding of ASPD evolve significantly over time. Early diagnostic manuals, such as de DSM-I insyd 1952, describe "sociopathic personality disturbance" as e dey involve a range of antisocial behaviors dem link to societal den environmental factors. Na subsequent editions of de DSM refine de diagnosis, eventually dey distinguish ASPD insyd de DSM-III (1980) plus a more structured checklist of observable behaviors. Current definitions insyd de DSM-5 align plus de clinical description of ASPD as a pattern of disregard for de rights of odas, plus potential overlap insyd traits dem associate plus psychopathy den sociopathy. == Signs den symptoms == Secof tendencies toward recklessness den impulsivity,<ref>Semple D, Smyth R, Burns J, Darjee R, McIntosh A (2005). The Oxford Handbook of Psychiatry. Oxford, England: [[Oxford University Press]]. pp. 448–449. {{ISBN|978-0-19-852783-1}}.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Skeem |first1=Jennifer L. |last2=Polaschek |first2=Devon L. L. |last3=Patrick |first3=Christopher J. |last4=Lilienfeld |first4=Scott O. |year=2011 |title=Psychopathic Personality |journal=Psychological Science in the Public Interest |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=95–162 |doi=10.1177/1529100611426706 |pmid=26167886 |s2cid=8521465}}</ref> patients plus ASPD be at a higher risk of drug den alcohol abuse.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rosenström |first1=Tom |last2=Torvik |first2=Fartein Ask |last3=Ystrom |first3=Eivind |last4=Czajkowski |first4=Nikolai Olavi |last5=Gillespie |first5=Nathan A. |last6=Aggen |first6=Steven H. |last7=Krueger |first7=Robert F. |last8=Kendler |first8=Kenneth S. |last9=Reichborn-Kjennerud |first9=Ted |year=2018 |title=Prediction of alcohol use disorder using personality disorder traits: A twin study |journal=Addiction |volume=113 |issue=1 |pages=15–24 |doi=10.1111/add.13951 |pmc=5725242 |pmid=28734091}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Widinghoff |first1=Carolina |last2=Berge |first2=Jonas |last3=Wallinius |first3=Märta |last4=Billstedt |first4=Eva |last5=Hofvander |first5=Björn |last6=Håkansson |first6=Anders |year=2019 |title=Gambling Disorder in Male Violent Offenders in the Prison System: Psychiatric and Substance-Related Comorbidity |journal=Journal of Gambling Studies |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=485–500 |doi=10.1007/s10899-018-9785-8 |pmc=6517603 |pmid=29971589}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rizeanu |first1=Steliana |year=2012 |title=The specificity of pathological gambling |journal=Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences |volume=33 |pages=1082–1086 |doi=10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.01.289 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Falck |first1=Russel S. |last2=Wang |first2=Jichuan |last3=Carlson |first3=Robert G. |year=2008 |title=Among long-term crack smokers, who avoids and who succumbs to cocaine addiction? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_drug-and-alcohol-dependence_2008-11-01_98_1-2/page/24 |journal=Drug and Alcohol Dependence |volume=98 |issue=1–2 |pages=24–29 |doi=10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.04.004 |pmc=2564618 |pmid=18499357}}</ref> ASPD be de personality disorder most likely to be associated plus addiction.<ref name=":6">{{cite journal |last1=Van Dongen |first1=Josanne D. M. |last2=Buck |first2=Nicole M. L. |last3=Barendregt |first3=Marko |last4=Van Beveren |first4=Nico M. |last5=De Beurs |first5=Edwin |last6=Van Marle |first6=Hjalmar J. C. |year=2015 |title=Anti-social personality characteristics and psychotic symptoms: Two pathways associated with offending in schizophrenia |journal=Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=181–191 |doi=10.1002/cbm.1923 |pmid=25078287}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{cite journal |last1=Ma |first1=Chia-Hao |last2=Lin |first2=Kuan-Fu |last3=Chen |first3=Tzu-Ting |last4=Yu |first4=Yu-Fang |last5=Chien |first5=Hui-Fen |last6=Huang |first6=Wei-Lieh |year=2020 |title=Specific personality traits and associated psychosocial distresses among individuals with heroin or methamphetamine use disorder in Taiwan |journal=Journal of the Formosan Medical Association |volume=119 |issue=3 |pages=735–742 |doi=10.1016/j.jfma.2019.08.026 |pmid=31500938 |s2cid=202402587 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gil-Miravet |first1=Isis |last2=Fuertes-Saiz |first2=Alejandro |last3=Benito |first3=Ana |last4=Almodóvar |first4=Isabel |last5=Ochoa |first5=Enrique |last6=Haro |first6=Gonzalo |year=2021 |title=Prepulse Inhibition in Cocaine Addiction and Dual Pathologies |journal=Brain Sciences |volume=11 |issue=2 |page=269 |doi=10.3390/brainsci11020269 |pmc=7924364 |pmid=33672693 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Individuals plus ASPD be at a higher risk of illegal drug usage,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Yang |first1=Mei |last2=Liao |first2=Yanhui |last3=Wang |first3=Qiang |last4=Chawarski |first4=Marek C. |last5=Hao |first5=Wei |year=2015 |title=Profiles of psychiatric disorders among heroin-dependent individuals in Changsha, China |journal=Drug and Alcohol Dependence |volume=149 |pages=272–279 |doi=10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.028 |pmc=4609506 |pmid=25680517}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chiang |first1=SHU-Chuan |last2=Chan |first2=Hung-YU |last3=Chang |first3=Yuan-Ying |last4=Sun |first4=Hsiao-JU |last5=Chen |first5=WEI J. |last6=Chen |first6=Chih-KEN |year=2007 |title=Psychiatric comorbidity and gender difference among treatment-seeking heroin abusers in Taiwan |url=http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/158890 |journal=Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=105–111 |doi=10.1111/j.1440-1819.2007.01618.x |pmid=17239047 |s2cid=2260942}}</ref> blood-borne diseases, HIV,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Smith |first1=Rachel V. |last2=Young |first2=April M. |last3=Mullins |first3=Ursula L. |last4=Havens |first4=Jennifer R. |year=2017 |title=Individual and Network Correlates of Antisocial Personality Disorder Among Rural Nonmedical Prescription Opioid Users |journal=The Journal of Rural Health |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=198–207 |doi=10.1111/jrh.12184 |pmc=5107178 |pmid=27171488}}</ref> shorter periods of abstinence, misuse of oral administrations, den compulsive gambling<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Szerman |first1=Nestor |last2=Ferre |first2=Francisco |last3=Basurte-Villamor |first3=Ignacio |last4=Vega |first4=Pablo |last5=Mesias |first5=Beatriz |last6=Marín-Navarrete |first6=Rodrigo |last7=Arango |first7=Celso |year=2020 |title=Gambling Dual Disorder: A Dual Disorder and Clinical Neuroscience Perspective |journal=Frontiers in Psychiatry |volume=11 |doi=10.3389/fpsyt.2020.589155 |pmc=7732481 |pmid=33329137 |doi-access=free |article-number=589155}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ortiz-Tallo |first1=M. |last2=Cancino |first2=C. |last3=Cobos |first3=S. |year=2011 |title=Pathological gambling, personality patterns and clinical syndromes |journal=Adicciones |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=189–197 |doi=10.20882/adicciones.143 |pmid=21814707 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nabi |first1=H. |last2=Kivimaki |first2=M. |last3=Zins |first3=M. |last4=Elovainio |first4=M. |last5=Consoli |first5=S. M. |last6=Cordier |first6=S. |last7=Ducimetiere |first7=P. |last8=Goldberg |first8=M. |last9=Singh-Manoux |first9=A. |year=2008 |title=Does personality predict mortality? Results from the GAZEL French prospective cohort study |journal=International Journal of Epidemiology |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=386–396 |doi=10.1093/ije/dyn013 |pmc=2662885 |pmid=18263645}}</ref> as a consequence of dema tendency towards addiction.<ref name=":10">{{cite journal |last1=Sargeant |first1=Marsha N. |last2=Bornovalova |first2=Marina A. |last3=Trotman |first3=Adria J.-M. |last4=Fishman |first4=Shira |last5=Lejuez |first5=Carl W. |year=2012 |title=Facets of impulsivity in the relationship between antisocial personality and abstinence |journal=Addictive Behaviors |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=293–298 |doi=10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.11.012 |pmc=3270493 |pmid=22153489}}</ref> In addition, sufferers be more likely to abuse substances anaa develop an addiction at a young age.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Akçay |first1=Bülent Devrim |last2=Akçay |first2=Duygu |year=2020 |title=What are the factors that contribute to aggression in patients with co-occurring antisocial personality disorder and substance abuse? |journal=Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo) |volume=47 |issue=4 |pages=95–100 |doi=10.1590/0101-60830000000240 |s2cid=225475157 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite book | vauthors = Millon T, Davis RD | chapter = Ten Subtypes of Psychopathy | veditors = Millon T | title = Psychopathy: Antisocial, Criminal and Violent Behavior | url = https://archive.org/details/psychopathyantis0000unse | date = 1998 | publisher = Guilford Press | location = New York, NY |isbn=978-1-57230-344-7 }} * {{cite journal |doi=10.1177/0306624X8903300202|title=The Role of Manipulation in the Antisocial Personality |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_intl-journal-offender-therapy-comparative-criminology_1989-09_33_2/page/91|year=1989 |last1=Hofer |first1=Paul |journal=International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology |volume=33 |issue=2 |pages=91–101 |s2cid=145103240 }} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q118418|c=Category:Antisocial personality disorder|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=antisocial|species=no}} *[https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/personality-disorders/antisocial-personality-disorder-aspd#v25246713 DSM-V-TR criteria + additional information] * [http://www.behavenet.com/antisocial-personality-disorder#301 DSM-IV-TR Criteria for Antisocial personality disorder] * [https://psychiatryonline.org/doi/pdf/10.1176/appi.focus.11.2.189 Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders] (with AMPD definition of ASPD) * [https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/psychopathy-and-antisocial-personality-disorder-case-diagnostic-confusion Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder: A Case of Diagnostic Confusion] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Antisocial personality disorder}} [[Category:Anti-social behaviour]] [[Category:Behavioural sciences]] [[Category:Cluster B personality disorders]] [[Category:Criminology]] [[Category:Forensic psychology]] [[Category:Psychopathy]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r1bkbys06xa08365v4kofuaje2wg1u7 0 22348 112361 81732 2026-09-24T17:48:05Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112361 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hemorrhoids''' (anaa '''haemorrhoids'''), dem sanso know am as '''piles''', be vascular structures insyd de anal canal.<ref>{{cite book |author = Chen, Herbert |title = Illustrative Handbook of General Surgery |url = https://archive.org/details/illustrativehand00chen |url-access = limited |publisher = Springer |location = Berlin |year = 2010 |page = [https://archive.org/details/illustrativehand00chen/page/n211 217] |isbn = 978-1-84882-088-3 }}</ref><ref name=World09>{{cite journal |last1 = Schubert |first1 = MC |last2 = Sridhar |first2 = S |last3 = Schade |first3 = RR |last4 = Wexner |first4 = SD |title = What every gastroenterologist needs to know about common anorectal disorders |journal = World J Gastroenterol |volume = 15 |issue = 26 |pages = 3201–09 |date = July 2009 |pmid = 19598294 |pmc = 2710774 |doi = 10.3748/wjg.15.3201 |issn = 1007-9327 |doi-access = free }}</ref> Insyd dema normal state, dem be cushions wey dey help plus stool control.<ref name="Beck2011">{{cite book |last1=Beck |first1=David E. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DhQ1A35E8jwC&pg=PA174 |title=The ASCRS textbook of colon and rectal surgery |date=2011 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-4419-1581-8 |edition=2nd |location=New York |page=175 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141230143156/https://books.google.ca/books?id=DhQ1A35E8jwC&pg=PA174 |archive-date=2014-12-30 |url-status=live}}</ref> Dem cam be a disease wen swollen anaa inflamed; na de unqualified term ''hemorrhoid'' often be used to refer to de disease.<ref name="World09" /> De signs den symptoms of hemorrhoids dey depend on de type present.<ref name="Sun20163">{{cite journal |last1=Sun |first1=Z |last2=Migaly |first2=J |date=March 2016 |title=Review of Hemorrhoid Disease: Presentation and Management. |journal=Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=22–29 |doi=10.1055/s-0035-1568144 |pmc=4755769 |pmid=26929748}}</ref> Internal hemorrhoids often dey result in painless, bright red rectal bleeding wen defecating.<ref name="Sun20163" /><ref name="NIH2013">{{cite web |date=November 2013 |title=Hemorrhoids |url=http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/hemorrhoids/Pages/facts.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126115453/http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/hemorrhoids/Pages/facts.aspx |archive-date=26 January 2016 |access-date=15 February 2016 |website=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases}}</ref> External hemorrhoids often dey result in pain den swelling insyd de area of de anus.<ref name="Sun20163" /> If bleeding dey occur, e be usually darker.<ref name="Sun20163" /> Symptoms frequently dey get better after a few days.<ref name="NIH2013" /> A skin tag fi remain after de healing of an external hemorrhoid.<ref name="Sun20163" /> While de exact cause of hemorrhoids dey remain unknown, a number of factors wey dey increase pressure insyd de abdomen dem believe to be involved.<ref name="Sun20163" /> Dis fi include constipation, diarrhea, den dey tap on de toilet for long periods.<ref name="NIH2013" /> Hemorrhoids sanso be more common during pregnancy.<ref name="NIH2013" /> Dem dey make diagnosis by looking at de area.<ref name="NIH2013" /> Chaw people incorrectly dey refer to any symptom wey dey occur around de anal area as hemorrhoids, den serious causes of de symptoms fi be ruled out.<ref name="Beck2011" /> Colonoscopy anaa sigmoidoscopy be reasonable to confirm de diagnosis den rule out more serious causes.<ref name="PG2016">{{cite journal |last1=Hollingshead |first1=JR |last2=Phillips |first2=RK |date=January 2016 |title=Haemorrhoids: modern diagnosis and treatment. |journal=Postgraduate Medical Journal |volume=92 |issue=1083 |pages=4–8 |doi=10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133328 |pmid=26561592 |s2cid=207022763}}</ref> Often, dem no dey hia specific treatment wey hemorrhoids no dey cause symptoms no dey require treatment.<ref name="PG2016" /><ref name="Ashburn 2025">{{cite journal |last1=Ashburn |first1=Jean H. |date=18 August 2025 |title=Hemorrhoidal Disease: A Review |journal=JAMA |doi=10.1001/jama.2025.13083}}</ref> Initial measures dey consist of increasing fiber intake, drinking fluids to maintain hydration, NSAIDs to help plus pain, den rest.<ref name="Review092">{{cite journal |last1=Lorenzo-Rivero |first1=S |date=August 2009 |title=Hemorrhoids: diagnosis and current management |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-surgeon_2009-08_75_8/page/n6 |journal=Am Surg |volume=75 |issue=8 |pages=635–42 |doi=10.1177/000313480907500801 |pmid=19725283 |s2cid=220122385 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dem fi apply medicated creams to de area, buh dema effectiveness be poorly supported by evidence.<ref name="PG2016" /> Dem fi perform a number of minor procedures if symptoms be severe anaa dem no improve plus conservative management.<ref name="NG2011">{{cite journal |last=Rivadeneira |first=DE |author2=Steele, SR |author3=Ternent, C |author4=Chalasani, S |author5=Buie, WD |author6=Rafferty, JL |author7=Standards Practice Task Force of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons |date=September 2011 |title=Practice parameters for the management of hemorrhoids (revised 2010) |journal=Diseases of the Colon and Rectum |volume=54 |issue=9 |pages=1059–64 |doi=10.1097/DCR.0b013e318225513d |pmid=21825884 |s2cid=29688768}}</ref> Hemorrhoidal artery embolization (HAE) be a safe den effective minimally invasive procedure wey dem fi be performed wey ebe typically better tolerate dan traditional therapies.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Hemorrhoidal Artery Embolization (HAE) |url=https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/radiology/interventional-radiology/HAE |access-date=2024-07-18 |website=www.uclahealth.org |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Whje31Jlm10 |title=Hemorrhoidal Artery Embolization Minimally Invasive Treatment for Symptomatic Internal Hemorrhoids |date=2024-06-24 |last=UCLA Health |access-date=2024-07-18 |via=YouTube}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last1=Makris |first1=Gregory C. |last2=Thulasidasan |first2=Narayan |last3=Malietzis |first3=George |last4=Kontovounisios |first4=Christos |last5=Saibudeen |first5=Affan |last6=Uberoi |first6=Raman |last7=Diamantopoulos |first7=Athanasios |last8=Sapoval |first8=Marc |last9=Vidal |first9=Vincent |date=January 2021 |title=Catheter-Directed Hemorrhoidal Dearterialization Technique for the Management of Hemorrhoids: A Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Evidence |journal=Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology |volume=32 |issue=8 |pages=1119–1127 |doi=10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.548 |issn=1051-0443 |pmid=33971251}}</ref> Dem reserve surgery give those wey fail to improve dey follow dese measures.<ref name="NG2011" /> Approximately 50% to 66% of people get problems plus hemorrhoids at sam point insyd dema lives.<ref name="NIH2013" /><ref name="Review092" /> Males den females both be affected plus about equal frequency.<ref name="Review092" /> Hemorrhoids dey affect people most often between 45 den 65&nbsp;years of age,<ref name="Kaidar2007">{{cite journal |last=Kaidar-Person |first=O |author2=Person, B |author3=Wexner, SD |date=January 2007 |title=Hemorrhoidal disease: A comprehensive review |url=http://www.siumed.edu/surgery/clerkship/colorectal_pdfs/Hemmorhoids_review.pdf |journal=Journal of the American College of Surgeons |volume=204 |issue=1 |pages=102–17 |doi=10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2006.08.022 |pmid=17189119 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120922155502/http://www.siumed.edu/surgery/clerkship/colorectal_pdfs/Hemmorhoids_review.pdf |archive-date=2012-09-22}}</ref> wey dem be more common among de wealthy,<ref name="Sun20163" /> although dis fi reflect differences insyd healthcare access rather dan true prevalence.<ref name="p663">{{cite journal |last=Lohsiriwat |first=Varut |date=2012 |title=Hemorrhoids: From basic pathophysiology to clinical management |journal=World Journal of Gastroenterology |volume=18 |issue=17 |pages=2009–2017 |doi=10.3748/wjg.v18.i17.2009 |pmc=3342598 |pmid=22563187 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Outcomes be usually good.<ref name="NIH2013" /><ref name="PG2016" /> De first known mention of de disease be from a 1700 BC Egyptian papyrus.<ref name="Charles2002(book)">{{cite book |last=Ellesmore |first=Windsor |title=Surgical Treatment of Haemorrhoids |date=2002 |publisher=London: Springer |year=2002 |editor=Charles MV |chapter=Surgical History of Haemorrhoids}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==External links== {{Commons}} * {{cite journal|last1=Davis|first1=BR|last2=Lee-Kong|first2=SA|last3=Migaly|first3=J|last4=Feingold|first4=DL|last5=Steele|first5=SR|title=The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Hemorrhoids.|journal=Diseases of the Colon and Rectum|date=March 2018|volume=61|issue=3|pages=284–292|doi=10.1097/DCR.0000000000001030|pmid=29420423|s2cid=4198610}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Diseases of veins, lymphatic vessels den lymph nodes]] [[Category:Digestive diseases]] [[Category:Medical conditions wey relate to obesity]] [[Category:Colorectal surgery]] [[Category:Rectum]] [[Category:Anus]] [[Category:Acute pain]] [[Category:Anal diseases]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] pwp5suqnm7ef8op0x551edugqa3ufiz 0 22357 112375 81750 2026-09-24T18:13:41Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112375 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis''' ('''IPF'''), dem formerly know as '''cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis''',<ref name="NICE2024">{{cite web |title=Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis {{!}} Information for the public {{!}} Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in adults: diagnosis and management {{!}} Guidance {{!}} NICE |url=https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg163/ifp/chapter/idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis |website=www.nice.org.uk |access-date=15 June 2024 |date=12 June 2013}}</ref> be a rare, progressive illness of de respiratory system, characterized by de thickening den stiffening of lung tissue, wey dey surround de air sacs, wey be associated plus de formation of scar tissue.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis |access-date=5 December 2020 |work=NHLBI, NIH}}</ref> E be a type of chronic pulmonary fibrosis characterized by a progressive den irreversible decline insyd lung function.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Todd |first1=Nevins W. |last2=Luzina |first2=Irina G. |last3=Atamas |first3=Sergei P. |year=2012 |title=Molecular and cellular mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis |journal=Fibrogenesis & Tissue Repair |volume=5 |issue=1 |page=11 |doi=10.1186/1755-1536-5-11 |pmc=3443459 |pmid=22824096 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Rag2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Raghu G, Collard HR, Egan JJ, etal |year=2011 |title=An official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT statement: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and management |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-respiratory-critical-care-medicine_2011-03-15_183_6/page/788 |journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine |volume=183 |issue=6 |pages=788–824 |doi=10.1164/rccm.2009-040GL |pmc=5450933 |pmid=21471066}}</ref><ref name="Fer2018">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wGclDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA691 |title=Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2018 E-Book: 5 Books in 1 |vauthors=Ferri FF |date=2017 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-323-52957-0 |page=691 |language=en}}</ref> Symptoms typically dey include gradual onset of shortness of breath den a dry cough.<ref name="NIH2018">{{cite web |title=Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis |access-date=21 January 2018 |website=NHLBI}}</ref> Oda changes fi include feeling tired, den clubbing abnormally large den dome shaped finger den toenails.<ref name="NIH2018" /> Complications fi include pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, [[pneumonia]] anaa pulmonary embolism.<ref name="NIH2018" /> De cause be unknown, hence de term idiopathic.<ref name="ATS2015">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Raghu G, Rochwerg B, Zhang Y, Garcia CA, Azuma A, Behr J, Brozek JL, Collard HR, Cunningham W, Homma S, Johkoh T, Martinez FJ, Myers J, Protzko SL, Richeldi L, Rind D, Selman M, Theodore A, Wells AU, Hoogsteden H, Schünemann HJ |date=July 2015 |title=An Official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT Clinical Practice Guideline: Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. An Update of the 2011 Clinical Practice Guideline |journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine |volume=192 |issue=2 |pages=e3–19 |doi=10.1164/rccm.201506-1063ST |pmid=26177183}}</ref> Risk factors dey include cigarette smoking, gastroesophageal reflux disease, certain viral infections, den genetic predisposition.<ref name="NIH2018" /> De underlying mechanism dey involve scarring of de lungs.<ref name="NIH2018" /> Diagnosis dey require ruling out oda potential causes.<ref name="Rag2011" /> E fi be supported by a high resolution CT scan anaa lung biopsy wich dey show usual interstitial pneumonia.<ref name="Rag2011" /> E be a type of interstitial lung disease.<ref name="Rag2011" /> People often dey benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation den supplemental oxygen.<ref name="NIH2018" /> Anti-fibrotic medications like pirfenidone anaa nintedanib fi slow de progression of de disease.<ref name="ATS2015" /> Lung transplantation sanso fi be an option.<ref name="NIH2018" /> About 5 million people be affected globally.<ref name="Melt2008">{{cite journal |vauthors=Meltzer EB, Noble PW |year=2008 |title=Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis |journal=Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases |volume=3 |issue=1 |page=8 |doi=10.1186/1750-1172-3-8 |pmc=2330030 |pmid=18366757 |doi-access=free}}</ref> De disease newly dey occur insyd about 12 per 100,000 people per year.<ref name="Fer2018" /> Those insyd dema 60s den 70s most be commonly affected.<ref name="Fer2018" /> Males be affected more often dan females.<ref name="Fer2018" /> Average life expectancy dey follow diagnosis be about four years.<ref name="NIH2018" /> Na updated international guidelines dem publish insyd 2022, wich result insyd sam simplification insyd diagnosis den de removal of antacids as a possible adjunct therapy.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Raghu |first1=Ganesh |last2=Remy-Jardin |first2=Martine |last3=Richeldi |first3=Luca |last4=Thomson |first4=Carey C. |last5=Inoue |first5=Yoshikazu |last6=Johkoh |first6=Takeshi |last7=Kreuter |first7=Michael |last8=Lynch |first8=David A. |last9=Maher |first9=Toby M. |last10=Martinez |first10=Fernando J. |last11=Molina-Molina |first11=Maria |last12=Myers |first12=Jeffrey L. |last13=Nicholson |first13=Andrew G. |last14=Ryerson |first14=Christopher J. |last15=Strek |first15=Mary E. |date=2022-05-01 |title=Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (an Update) and Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis in Adults: An Official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT Clinical Practice Guideline |journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine |volume=205 |issue=9 |pages=e18–e47 |doi=10.1164/rccm.202202-0399ST |issn=1073-449X |pmc=9851481 |pmid=35486072 |s2cid=248432749}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==External links== {{Commons}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis}} [[Category:Respiratory diseases principally wey dey affect de interstitium]] [[Category:Idiopathic diseases]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 2o9of26zj0hp7n3ldnopi1pbn4f1mbk 0 22385 112341 110830 2026-09-24T17:15:51Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112341 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Typhoid fever''', dem sanso know as '''typhoid''', be a disease wey ''Salmonella enterica'' serotype Typhi bacteria dey cause, dem sanso call '''''Salmonella typhi'''''.<ref name="Lancet20153">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wain J, Hendriksen RS, Mikoleit ML, Keddy KH, Ochiai RL |date=March 2015 |title=Typhoid fever |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_march-21-27-2015_385_9973/page/1136 |journal=Lancet |volume=385 |issue=9973 |pages=1136–45 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62708-7 |pmc=11567078 |pmid=25458731 |s2cid=2409150}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mathur |first1=Ramkumar |last2=Oh |first2=Hyunju |last3=Zhang |first3=Dekai |last4=Park |first4=Sung-Gyoo |last5=Seo |first5=Jin |last6=Koblansky |first6=Alicia |last7=Hayden |first7=Matthew S. |last8=Ghosh |first8=Sankar |date=October 2012 |title=A Mouse Model of Salmonella typhi Infection |url=|journal=Cell |volume=151 |issue=3 |pages=590–602 |doi=10.1016/j.cell.2012.08.042 |issn=0092-8674 |pmc=3500584 |pmid=23101627}}</ref> Symptoms dey vary from mild to severe, wey e usually dey begin six to 30 days after exposure.<ref name="Yellow20143">{{cite book |title=CDC health information for international travel 2014: the yellow book |vauthors=Newton AE |date=2014 |publisher=Oup USA |isbn=978-0-19-994849-9 |chapter=3 Infectious Diseases Related To Travel |chapter-url=http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2014/chapter-3-infectious-diseases-related-to-travel/typhoid-and-paratyphoid-fever |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702125517/http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2014/chapter-3-infectious-diseases-related-to-travel/typhoid-and-paratyphoid-fever |archive-date=2015-07-02 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CDC20134">{{cite web |date=May 14, 2013 |title=Typhoid Fever |url=https://www.cdc.gov/typhoid-fever/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606190251/http://www.cdc.gov/typhoid-fever/index.html |archive-date=6 June 2016 |access-date=28 March 2015 |website=cdc.gov}}</ref> Often der be a gradual onset of a high fever over several days.<ref name="Yellow20143" /> Dis be commonly accompanied by weakness, abdominal pain, constipation, headaches, den mild vomiting.<ref name="CDC20134" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Typhoid |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/typhoid |access-date=2024-05-18 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref><ref name="CDC20132">{{cite web |date=May 14, 2013 |title=Typhoid Fever |url=https://www.cdc.gov/typhoid-fever/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606190251/http://www.cdc.gov/typhoid-fever/index.html |archive-date=6 June 2016 |access-date=28 March 2015 |website=cdc.gov}}</ref> Sam people dey develop a skin rash plus rose colored spots.<ref name="CDC20134" /> Insyd severe cases, people fi experience confusion.<ref name="CDC20132" /> Widout treatment, symptoms fi last weeks anaa months.<ref name="CDC20134" /> Diarrhea fi be severe, buh e be uncommon.<ref name="CDC20132" /> Oda people fi carry am widout dem be affected, buh still be contagious.<ref name="WHO2008">{{cite journal |date=February 2008 |title=Typhoid vaccines: WHO position paper |url=https://www.who.int/wer/2008/wer8306.pdf?ua=1 |journal=Relevé Épidémiologique Hebdomadaire |volume=83 |issue=6 |pages=49–59 |pmid=18260212 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402103504/http://www.who.int/wer/2008/wer8306.pdf?ua=1 |archive-date=April 2, 2015}}</ref> Typhoid fever be a type of enteric fever, along plus paratyphoid fever.<ref name="Lancet20153" /> Dem dey believe ''Salmonella enterica'' Typhi to infect den replicate within humans per.<ref name="Pitzer S395–S401">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pitzer VE, Meiring J, Martineau FP, Watson CH, Kang G, Basnyat B, Baker S |date=October 2019 |title=The Invisible Burden: Diagnosing and Combatting Typhoid Fever in Asia and Africa |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |volume=69 |issue=Suppl 5 |pages=S395–S401 |doi=10.1093/cid/ciz611 |pmc=6792124 |pmid=31612938}}</ref> Typhoid be caused by de bacterium ''Salmonella enterica'' subsp. ''enterica'' serovar Typhi wey dey grow insyd de intestines, Peyer's patches, mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, liver, gallbladder, bone marrow den blood.<ref name="CDC20134" /><ref name="CDC20132" /> Typhoid be spread by eating anaa drinking chow anaa water contaminated plus de feces of an infected person.<ref name="WHO2008" /> Risk factors dey include limited access to clean drinking water den poor sanitation.<ref name="Lancet20153" /> Those wey dem no yet been exposed to am wey dem ingest contaminated drinking water anaa chow be most at risk for developing symptoms.<ref name="CDC20132" /> Humans per wey fi be infected; der be no known animal reservoirs.<ref name="WHO2008" /> Salmonella typhi wich dey cause typhoid fever be different from de oda ''Salmonella'' bacteria wey usually dey cause salmonellosis, a common type of food poisoning.<ref>{{cite web |title=Typhoid Fever: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17730-typhoid-fever}}</ref> Dem dey perform diagnosis by culturing den dey identify ''S. typhi'' from patient samples anaa detecting an immune response to de pathogen from blood samples.<ref name="Lancet20153" /><ref name="CDC20134" /><ref name="Crump2010">{{cite journal |vauthors=Crump JA, Mintz ED |date=January 2010 |title=Global trends in typhoid and paratyphoid Fever |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=241–6 |doi=10.1086/649541 |pmc=2798017 |pmid=20014951}}</ref> Recently, na new advances insyd large-scale data collection den analysis allow researchers to develop better diagnostics, such as detecting changing abundances of small molecules insyd de blood wey fi specifically indicate typhoid fever.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Reproducible diagnostic metabolites in plasma from typhoid fever patients in Asia and Africa |vauthors=Näsström E, Parry CM, Thieu NT, Maude RR, de Jong HK, Fukushima M, Rzhepishevska O, Marks F, Panzner U, Im J, Jeon H |date=2017 |publisher=Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen |oclc=1234663430}}</ref> Diagnostic tools insyd regions wer na typhoid be most prevalent be quite limited insyd dema accuracy den specificity, den de time dem require for a proper diagnosis, de increasing spread of antibiotic resistance, den de cost of testing sanso be hardships for under-resourced healthcare systems.<ref name="Pitzer S395–S401" /> A typhoid vaccine fi prevent about 40–90% of cases during de first two years.<ref name="Mil2018">{{cite journal |vauthors=Milligan R, Paul M, Richardson M, Neuberger A |date=May 2018 |title=Vaccines for preventing typhoid fever |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2018 |issue=5 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD001261.pub4 |pmc=6494485 |pmid=29851031 |article-number=CD001261}}</ref> De vaccine fi get sam effect for up to seven years.<ref name="Lancet20153" /> For those at high risk anaa people wey dey travel to areas wer e be common, dem dey recommend vaccination.<ref name="WHO2008" /> Oda efforts to prevent am dey include providing clean drinking water, good sanitation, den handwashing.<ref name="CDC20134" /><ref name="WHO2008" /> Til an infection dem confirm as cleared, de infected person for no prepare chow give odas.<ref name="CDC20134" /> Dem dey treat typhoid plus antibiotics such as azithromycin, fluoroquinolones, anaa third-generation cephalosporins.<ref name="Lancet20153" /> Resistance to dese antibiotics dey develop, wich dem make treatment more difficult.<ref name="Lancet20153" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Chatham-Stephens K, Medalla F, Hughes M, Appiah GD, Aubert RD, Caidi H, Angelo KM, Walker AT, Hatley N, Masani S, Nash J, Belko J, Ryan ET, Mintz E, Friedman CR |date=January 2019 |title=Emergence of Extensively Drug-Resistant Salmonella Typhi Infections Among Travelers to or from Pakistan – United States, 2016–2018 |journal=MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report |volume=68 |issue=1 |pages=11–13 |doi=10.15585/mmwr.mm6801a3 |pmc=6342547 |pmid=30629573}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kuehn |first1=Rebecca |last2=Stoesser |first2=Nicole |last3=Eyre |first3=David |last4=Darton |first4=Thomas C |last5=Basnyat |first5=Buddha |last6=Parry |first6=Christopher Martin |date=24 November 2022 |title=Treatment of enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid fever) with cephalosporins |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2022 |issue=11 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD010452.pub2 |pmc=9686137 |pmid=36420914 |article-number=CD010452}}</ref> Insyd 2015, na dem report 12.5 million new typhoid cases.<ref name="GBD2015Pre">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, etal |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1545–1602 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 |pmc=5055577 |pmid=27733282 |collaboration=GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators}}</ref> De disease be most common insyd [[India]].<ref name="Lancet20153" /> Kiddies be most commonly affected.<ref name="Lancet20153" /><ref name="WHO2008" /> Na typhoid decrease insyd de developed world insyd de 1940s as a result of improved sanitation den de use of antibiotics.<ref name="WHO2008" /> Every year na dem report about 400 cases insyd de U.S. den an estimated 6,000 people get typhoid.<ref name="CDC20132" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Jackson BR, Iqbal S, Mahon B |date=March 2015 |title=Updated recommendations for the use of typhoid vaccine—Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, United States, 2015 |journal=MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report |volume=64 |issue=11 |pages=305–8 |pmc=4584884 |pmid=25811680}}</ref> Insyd 2015, na e result in about 149,000 deaths worldwide – down from 181,000 insyd 1990.<ref name="GBD2015De">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1459–1544 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1 |pmc=5388903 |pmid=27733281 |collaboration=GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators}}</ref><ref name="GBD204">{{cite journal |vauthors=Abubakar II, Tillmann T, Banerjee A, etal |date=January 2015 |title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_january-10-16-2015_385_9963/page/117 |journal=Lancet |volume=385 |issue=9963 |pages=117–71 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2 |pmc=4340604 |pmid=25530442 |collaboration=GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators}}</ref> Widout treatment, de risk of death fi be as high as 20%.<ref name="WHO2008" /> Plus treatment, e be between 1% den 4%.<ref name="Lancet20153" /><ref name="WHO2008" /> Typhus be a different disease, wey unrelated species of bacteria dey cause.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Cunha BA |date=March 2004 |title=Osler on typhoid fever: differentiating typhoid from typhus and malaria |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_infectious-disease-clinics-of-north-america_2004-03_18_1/page/111 |journal=Infectious Disease Clinics of North America |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=111–25 |doi=10.1016/S0891-5520(03)00094-1 |pmid=15081508}}</ref> Owing to dema similar symptoms, na dem no recognize dem as distinct diseases til de 1800s. "Typhoid" dey mean "resembling typhus".<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Evans |first1=Alfred S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dPDdBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA839 |title=Bacterial Infections of Humans: Epidemiology and Control |last2=Brachman |first2=Philip S. |publisher=Springer |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-4615-5327-4 |page=839 |language=en}}</ref> ==Society den culture== ===Notable people=== * Emperor Augustus of Rome – dem suspect am based on historical record buh dem no confirm.<ref name=":13">{{Cite book |title=Typhoid fever: a history |url=https://archive.org/details/typhoidfeverhist0000adle |vauthors=Adler R, Mara E |date=2016 |publisher=McFarland & Company |isbn=978-0-7864-9781-2 |location=Jefferson, North Carolina |oclc=934938999}}</ref> * Albert, Prince Consort, husby of Queen Victoria of de United Kingdom, died 24 days after de first record of "feeling horribly ill".<ref name=":13" /> * Edward VII of de UK, son of Queen Victoria, while still Prince of Wales, get a near-fatal case of typhoid fever. * Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, he survive, na illness be circa 1900–1901.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nicholas II - At the Court of the Last Tsar - Chapter 1, Part 2, The Empress Alexandra |url=https://www.alexanderpalace.org/mossolov/one2.html |access-date=2021-06-21 |website=www.alexanderpalace.org}}</ref> * Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands fi get an abortion insyd 1902 secof a typhoid infection na she survive.<ref>{{cite web |date=2023-04-19 |title=Hoogleraar heeft aanwijzingen voor abortus bij Wilhelmina: 'Monarchie hing aan zijden draadje' (''Professor has indication for abortion Wilhelmina: Monarchy was hanging by a thread'') |url=https://www.rtlnieuws.nl/nieuws/nederland/artikel/5379059/wilhelmina-abortus-juliana-tyfus-infectie-bevalling |website=RTL Nieuws |language=Dutch}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Trudy Dehue |title=Egg Foetus Baby, A New History of Pregnancy |url=https://www.letterenfonds.nl/en/book/1603/egg-foetus-baby |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317003500/https://www.letterenfonds.nl/en/book/1603/egg-foetus-baby |archive-date=2024-03-17 |access-date=2023-12-06 |website=Dutch foundation for literature}}</ref> * William Henry Harrison, de ninth President of de [[United States|United States of America]], he die 32 days into ein term, insyd 1841. Dis be de shortest term wey a United States Presido serve. * Wilbur Wright, co-inventor of de airplane plus brother Orville, die from typhoid insyd 1912 at de age of 45. * Stephen A. Douglas, a political opponent of Abraham Lincoln insyd 1858 den 1860, he die of typhoid on June 3, 1861. * Ignacio Zaragoza, a Mexican general den politician, die at de age of 33 of typhoid fever on September 8, 1862. * Franz Schubert, songwriter den composer die of typhoid at age 31 on November 19, 1828. * William Wallace Lincoln, de son of US presido [[Abraham Lincoln|Abraham]] den Mary Todd Lincoln, die at de age of 11 years of typhoid insyd 1862.<ref>{{cite news|vauthors=Dennis B|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/willie-lincolns-death-a-private-agony-for-a-president-facing-a-nation-of-pain/2011/0929/gIQAv7Z7SL_story.html|title=Willie Lincoln's death: A private agony for a president facing a nation of pain|date=2011-09-29|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=2017-03-12|issn=0190-8286|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401111805/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/willie-lincolns-death-a-private-agony-for-a-president-facing-a-nation-of-pain/2011/09/29/gIQAv7Z7SL_story.html|archive-date=2017-04-01}}</ref> * Princess Leopoldina of Brazil, daughter of Emperor Pedro II, die of typhoid insyd 1871.<ref>{{cite web |date=June 7, 2020 |title=Maldiçãp, febre e alucinações: a melancólica morte de Leopoldina de Bragança |url=https://aventurasnahistoria.uol.com.br/noticias/almanaque/maldicao-febre-e-alucinacoes-melancolica-morte-de-leopoldina-de-braganca.phtml |access-date=February 3, 2022 |website=aventurasnahistoria.uol.com.br}}</ref> * Martha Bulloch Roosevelt, mommie of presido Theodore Roosevelt den paternal grandmommie of Eleanor Roosevelt, die of typhoid fever insyd 1884. * Mary Mallon, "Typhoid Mary" * Leland Stanford Jr., son of American tycoon den politician A. Leland Stanford den eponym of Leland Stanford Junior University, die of typhoid fever insyd 1884 at de age of 15.<ref>{{cite web |title=A History of Stanford |url=https://www.stanford.edu/about/history/ |access-date=4 July 2018 |website=Stanford University}}</ref> * Three of Louis Pasteur ein five kiddie die of typhoid fever. * Gerard Manley Hopkins, an English poet, die of typhoid fever insyd 1889.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/gerardmanleyhopk0000unse_e4k5 |title=Gerard Manley Hopkins: A Life |vauthors=Ruggles E |date=1944 |publisher=Norton |url-access=registration}}</ref> * Lizzie van Zyl, South African child inmate of de Bloemfontein concentration camp during de Second Boer War, die of typhoid fever insyd 1901. * Dr HJH 'Tup' Scott, captain of de 1886 Australian cricket team wey tour England, die of typhoid insyd 1910. * Arnold Bennett, English novelist, die insyd 1932 of typhoid.<ref>{{cite magazine|year=1959|title=Straw for Silence|magazine=[[The Spectator]]|volume=203|issn=0038-6952|publisher=F.C. Westley|oclc=1766325}}</ref> * Hakaru Hashimoto, a Japanese medical scientist, die of typhoid fever insyd 1934. * John Buford, Union cavalry officer during the Civil War, die of typhoid fever on December 16, 1863. == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q83319|c=Category:Typhoid fever|n=Category:Typhoid|b=no|q=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * {{Cite book|last=Adler R|first=Mara E|title=Typhoid Fever: a history|publisher=McFarland & Company Inc.|year=2016|isbn=978-0-7864-9781-2|location=Jefferson, North Carolina}} * {{Cite web|last=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|date=March 30, 2021|title=Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fever: Information for Health Professionals|url=https://www.cdc.gov/typhoid-fever/health-professional.html|access-date=June 27, 2021}} * {{cite journal |author=((GBD 2017 Typhoid and Paratyphoid Collaborators)) |title=The global burden of typhoid and paratyphoid fevers: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. |journal=The Lancet Infectious Diseases |date=April 2019 |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=369–381 |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30685-6 |pmid=30792131 |pmc=6437314 }} * {{Cite web|last=National Health Service|date=June 18, 2018|title=Typhoid Fever: Overview|url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/typhoid-fever/|access-date=June 27, 2021}} * {{Cite web|last=Public Health Agency of Canada|date=2010|title=Pathogen Safety Data Sheets: Infectious Substances – Salmonella enterica spp.|url=https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/laboratory-biosafety-biosecurity/pathogen-safety-data-sheets-risk-assessment/salmonella-enterica.html|access-date=June 28, 2021}} * {{Cite web|date=January 31, 2018|title=Typhoid: Fact Sheet |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/typhoid |access-date=June 27, 2021}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Typhoid fever| ]] [[Category:Conditions dem diagnose by stool test]] [[Category:Intestinal infectious diseases]] [[Category:Vaccine-preventable diseases]] [[Category:Waterborne diseases]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 21ucsd3zyf5smlfniu49lbqiqrx5cs2 0 22485 112480 110913 2026-09-25T00:51:33Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112480 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Factitious disorder imposed on self''' ('''FDIS'''), dem commonly call '''Munchausen syndrome''', be a complex [[mental disorder]] insyd wich an individual dey imitate symptoms of illness in order to elicit attention, sympathy, anaa physical care.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Essentials of psychiatry |url=https://archive.org/details/essentialsofpsyc0000kayj |date=2007 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-0-470-03099-8 |editor-last=Kay |editor-first=Jerald |editor-last2=Tasman |editor-first2=Allan}}</ref> Patients plus FDIS intentionally falsify anaa induce signs den symptoms of illness, trauma, anaa abuse to assume dis role.<ref name="Ray21">{{Cite book |last=Ray |first=William J. |title=Abnormal psychology |date=2021 |publisher=SAGE |isbn=978-1-5443-9920-1 |edition=3rd}}</ref> Dem dey perform dese actions consciously, though de patient fi be unaware of dema motivations. Der be chaw risk factors den signs dem associate plus dis illness wey treatment be usually in de form of psychotherapy buh fi depend on de specific situation,<ref name="Sousa172">{{Cite journal |last1=Sousa Filho|first1=Daniel de|last2=Kanomata|first2=Elton Yoji|last3=Feldman|first3=Ricardo Jonathan|last4=Maluf Neto|first4=Alfredo|date=2017|title=Munchausen syndrome and Munchausen syndrome by proxy: a narrative review|journal=Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil)|volume=15|issue=4|pages=516–521|doi=10.1590/S1679-45082017MD3746|pmc=5875173|pmid=29364370}}</ref> wich na dem further discuss below. Dem usually dey determine diagnosis by meeting specific DSM-5 criteria after ruling out true illness as dem describe below. Factitious disorder imposed on self dey relate to [[factitious disorder imposed on another]], de abuse of anoda person in order to seek attention anaa sympathy give de abuser. Dis be "Munchausen by proxy", den de drive to create symptoms give de victim fi result in unnecessary den costly diagnostic anaa corrective procedures.<ref name="Ray21" /> Oda similar den often confused syndromes den diagnoses be discussed in the "Related Diagnoses" section. == References == <references /> == External links == * {{Cite book |last=Feldman |first=Marc |title=Playing sick?: untangling the web of Munchausen syndrome, Munchausen by proxy, malingering & factitious disorder |publisher=Brunner-Routledge |location=Philadelphia |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-415-94934-7 |url=https://archive.org/details/playingsickuntan00feld }} * {{Cite journal|author=Fisher JA |title=Playing patient, playing doctor: Munchausen syndrome, clinical S/M, and ruptures of medical power |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-medical-humanities_2006_fall_27_3/page/135 |journal=The Journal of Medical Humanities |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=135–49 |year=2006 |pmid=16817003 |doi=10.1007/s10912-006-9014-9|s2cid=40739963 }} * {{Cite journal|author=Fisher JA |title=Investigating the Barons: narrative and nomenclature in Munchausen syndrome |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_perspectives-in-biology-and-medicine_spring-2006_49_2/page/250 |journal=Perspect. Biol. Med. |volume=49 |issue=2 |pages=250–62 |year=2006 |pmid=16702708 |doi=10.1353/pbm.2006.0024|s2cid=12418075 }} * {{cite book|last=Friedel|first=Robert O.|title=Borderline Personality Disorder Demystified|pages=[https://archive.org/details/borderlineperson00frie/page/9 9–10]|isbn=978-1-56924-456-2|url=https://archive.org/details/borderlineperson00frie/page/9|date=4 August 2004|publisher=Hachette Books}} * {{Cite book |last=Davidson |first=G.|title=Abnormal Psychology |url=https://archive.org/details/abnormalpsycholo0000unse_j6d5 |edition=3rd Canadian |publisher=Wiley |year=2008 |page=[https://archive.org/details/abnormalpsycholo0000unse_j6d5/page/412 412] |isbn=978-0-470-84072-6 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Prasad |first1=A. |last2=Oswald |first2=A. G. |title=Munchausen's syndrome: an annotation |journal=Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica |volume=72 |issue=4 |pages=319–22 |year=1985 |pmid=4072733 |doi=10.1111/j.1600-0447.1985.tb02615.x |s2cid=40707 }} * {{cite book|author-link1=Leila Schneps |first1=Leila |last1=Schneps |author2-link=Coralie Colmez |first2=Coralie |last2=Colmez |title=Math on trial. How numbers get used and abused in the courtroom|publisher=Basic Books|year=2013|isbn=978-0-465-03292-1|chapter=1. Math error number 1: multiplying non-independent probabilities. The case of [[Sally Clark]]: motherhood under attack|title-link=Math on Trial}} * {{cite web|title=Munchausen syndrome|publisher=Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research|date=13 May 2011|access-date=11 April 2013|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810092212/https://members.mhn.com/web/public/default/Mayo/DS00965|archive-date=10 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810092212/https://web.archive.org/web/20160810092212/https://members.mhn.com/web/public/default/Mayo/DS00965}} * {{cite news |first=Abigail |last=Zuger |title=The Baron Strikes Again |newspaper=Discover magazine |date=July 1993 |url=https://www.discovermagazine.com/health/the-baron-strikes-again }} {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected = adult}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Forensic psychology]] [[Category:Factitious disorders]] [[Category:Psychopathological syndromes]] [[Category:Baron Munchausen]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] s781zskzlgm9gb0zgh7fyb46w5zki62 0 22574 112330 110922 2026-09-24T16:59:51Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112330 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Personality disorders''' ('''PD''') be a class of mental health conditions wey be characterized by enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition, den inner experience, e exhibit across chaw contexts den dey deviate from those accepted by de culture.<ref name="DSM-5-general personality disorder">{{Cite book |last=American Psychiatric Association |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-JivBAAAQBAJ |title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders |publisher=American Psychiatric Publishing |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-89042-555-8 |edition=Fifth |location=Arlington, VA |pages=646–49}}</ref> Dese patterns dey develop early, be inflexible, wey be associated plus significant distress anaa disability.<ref name=":8">{{cite journal |last1=Ekselius |first1=Lisa |date=2 October 2018 |title=Personality disorder: a disease in disguise |journal=Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences |volume=123 |issue=4 |pages=194–204 |doi=10.1080/03009734.2018.1526235 |pmc=6327594 |pmid=30539674}}</ref> De definitions dey vary by source den remain a matter of controversy.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Handbook of personality disorders: theory and practice |url=https://archive.org/details/handbookofperson0000unse_m5p0 |vauthors=Magnavita JJ |date=2004 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=0-471-20116-2 |chapter=Chapter 1: Classification, prevalence, and etiology of personality disorders: Related issues and controversy |oclc=52429596}}</ref><ref name="millon1">{{cite book |author-link=Theodore Millon |title=Disorders of Personality: DSM-IV and Beyond |url=https://archive.org/details/disordersofperso0000mill_e4c3 |vauthors=Millon T, Davis RD |publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Inc. |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-471-01186-6 |location=New York |page=[https://archive.org/details/disordersofperso0000mill_e4c3/page/226 226]}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Berrios GE |year=1993 |title=European views on personality disorders: a conceptual history |url=https://archive.org/details/comprehensive-psychiatry_january-february-1993_34_1/page/14 |journal=Comprehensive Psychiatry |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=14–30 |doi=10.1016/0010-440X(93)90031-X |pmid=8425387}}</ref> Na dem list official criteria for diagnosing personality disorders insyd de sixth chapter of de ''International Classification of Diseases'' (ICD) den insyd de American Psychiatric Association ein ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' (DSM).<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Ekselius L |date=2018 |title=Personality Disorder: A Disease in Disguise |journal=Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences |volume=123 |issue=4 |pages=194–204 |doi=10.1080/03009734.2018.1526235 |pmc=6327594 |pmid=30539674}}</ref> Personality, dem define psychologically, be de set of enduring behavioral den mental traits wey dey distinguish individual humans. Hence, personality disorders be characterized by experiences den behaviors wey deviate from [[Social norm|social norms]] den expectations. Those dem diagnose plus a personality disorder fi experience difficulties in cognition, emotiveness, interpersonal functioning, anaa impulse control. For psychiatric patients, de prevalence of personality disorders be estimated between 40 den 60%.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Beckwith H, Moran PF, Reilly J |date=May 2014 |title=Personality disorder prevalence in psychiatric outpatients: a systematic literature review |url=https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1472370 |journal=Personality and Mental Health |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=91–101 |doi=10.1002/pmh.1252 |pmid=24431304}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tyrer P, Reed GM, Crawford MJ |date=February 2015 |title=Classification, assessment, prevalence, and effect of personality disorder |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_february-21-27-2015_385_9969/page/717 |journal=Lancet |volume=385 |issue=9969 |pages=717–726 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61995-4 |pmid=25706217 |s2cid=25755526}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Saß H |year=2001 |title=Personality Disorders |journal=International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences |pages=11301–11308 |doi=10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/03763-3 |isbn=978-0-08-043076-8}}</ref> De behavior patterns of personality disorders be typically recognized by adolescence, de beginning of adulthood anaa sam times even kiddie time den often get a pervasive negative impact on de quality of life.<ref name="DSM-5-general personality disorder" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Beckwith H, Moran PF, Reilly J |date=May 2014 |title=Personality disorder prevalence in psychiatric outpatients: a systematic literature review |url=https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1472370 |journal=Personality and Mental Health |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=91–101 |doi=10.1002/pmh.1252 |pmid=24431304}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ullrich S, Farrington DP, Coid JW |date=December 2007 |title=Dimensions of DSM-IV personality disorders and life-success |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-personality-disorders_2007-12_21_6/page/657 |journal=Journal of Personality Disorders |volume=21 |issue=6 |pages=657–663 |doi=10.1521/pedi.2007.21.6.657 |pmid=18072866 |s2cid=30040457}}</ref> Treatment for personality disorders primarily be psychotherapeutic. Evidence-based psychotherapies for personality disorders dey include cognitive behavioral therapy den dialectical behavior therapy, especially for [[borderline personality disorder]].<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Panos PT, Jackson JW, Hasan O, Panos A |date=March 2014 |title=Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review Assessing the Efficacy of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_research-on-social-work-practice_2014-03_24_2/page/213 |journal=Research on Social Work Practice |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=213–223 |doi=10.1177/1049731513503047 |pmc=6405261 |pmid=30853773}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Kliem S, Kröger C, Kosfelder J |date=December 2010 |title=Dialectical behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder: a meta-analysis using mixed-effects modeling |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-consulting-and-clinical-psychology_2010-12_78_6/page/936 |journal=Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology |volume=78 |issue=6 |pages=936–951 |doi=10.1037/a0021015 |pmid=21114345}}</ref> Dem sanso use a variety of psychoanalytic approaches.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Panos PT, Jackson JW, Hasan O, Panos A |date=March 2014 |title=Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review Assessing the Efficacy of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_research-on-social-work-practice_2014-03_24_2/page/213 |journal=Research on Social Work Practice |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=213–223 |doi=10.1177/1049731513503047 |pmc=6405261 |pmid=30853773}}</ref> Dem associate personality disorders plus considerable stigma in popular den clinical discourse alike.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Kliem S, Kröger C, Kosfelder J |date=December 2010 |title=Dialectical behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder: a meta-analysis using mixed-effects modeling |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-consulting-and-clinical-psychology_2010-12_78_6/page/936 |journal=Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology |volume=78 |issue=6 |pages=936–951 |doi=10.1037/a0021015 |pmid=21114345}}</ref> Despite dem design various methodological schemas to categorize personality disorders, chaw issues dey occur plus classifying a personality disorder secof de theory den diagnosis of such disorders occur within prevailing cultural expectations; thus, dem dey contest dema validity by sam experts on de basis of inevitable subjectivity. Dem dey argue say de theory den diagnosis of personality disorders be based strictly on social, anaa even sociopolitical den economic considerations.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Panos PT, Jackson JW, Hasan O, Panos A |date=March 2014 |title=Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review Assessing the Efficacy of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) |journal=Research on Social Work Practice |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=213–223 |doi=10.1177/1049731513503047 |pmc=6405261 |pmid=30853773}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Library resources box |by=no |onlinebooks=no |others=no |about=yes |label=Personality disorders}} * [http://counsellingresource.com/distress/personality-disorders/foundation/index.html Personality Disorders Foundation] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101216172819/http://nmha.org/go/information/get-info/personality-disorders National Mental Health Association personality disorder fact sheet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101216172819/http://nmha.org/go/information/get-info/personality-disorders |date=16 December 2010 }} * [http://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/expertadvice/problemsdisorders/personalitydisorder.aspx Personality Disorders information leaflet from The Royal College of Psychiatrists] {{Mental disorders}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Personality disorders| ]] [[Category:Mental disorders]] [[Category:Behavioural sciences]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] f61yv19vp9szkm1dhe3ny32mrapz7rc 0 22584 112479 98294 2026-09-25T00:50:11Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112479 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Emotional and behavioral disorders''' ('''EBD'''; dem sanso know as '''behavioral and emotional disorders''')<ref name="ICD-10-web-EN">{{cite web |author=World Health Organization |author-link=World Health Organization |date=2016 |title=International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10): Behavioural and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence (F90–F98) |url=http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2016/en#/F90 |access-date=2 November 2018}}</ref><ref name="ICD-10-Clinical">{{cite book |author=World Health Organization |author-link=World Health Organization |url=https://icd.who.int/browse10/2016/en |title=The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders. Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines |place=[[Geneva]] |page=40}}</ref> be a term dem use primarily insyd de United States wey dey refer to a disability classification dem use insyd educational settings wey dey allow educational institutions to provide special education den related services to students wey display poor social den/anaa academic progress.<ref>{{Cite web |title=EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDER (EBD) |url=https://www.cherokeek12.net/userfiles/wp-uploads/2016/07/Emotional-and-Behavioral-Disability-Eligibility.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502051329/https://www.cherokeek12.net/userfiles/wp-uploads/2016/07/Emotional-and-Behavioral-Disability-Eligibility.pdf |archive-date=2019-05-02 |access-date=2019-05-09 |website=Cherokee County School District}}</ref> Dem often give de classification to students after conducting a Functional Behavior Analysis. Dese students dey hia individualized behavior supports such as a Behavior Intervention Plan, to receive a free den appropriate public education.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Are Students with EBD Given an IEP Plan? {{!}} Synonym |url=https://classroom.synonym.com/students-ebd-given-iep-plan-17195.html |access-date=2019-05-06 |website=classroom.synonym.com |language=en}}</ref> Students plus EBD fi be eligible for an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) den/anaa accommodations insyd de classroom thru a 504 Plan.<ref name=":5" /> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite web |title=What is an emotional or behavioral disorder? |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061002154325/https://www.pacer.org/parent/php/PHP-c81.pdf |website=Children's mental health and emotional or behavioral disorders project |publisher=Minnesota Parent Training and Information Center |access-date=29 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061002154325/https://web.archive.org/web/20061002154325/https://www.pacer.org/parent/php/PHP-c81.pdf |archive-date=2 October 2006 |location=PACER}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20111004194731/http://eppi.ioe.ac.uk/cms/Default.aspx?tabid=357 Behaviour Management (EBD) Review Group: Published reviews] {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected = childhood}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Emotional And Behavioral Disorders}} [[Category:School den classroom behaviour]] [[Category:Disability by type]] [[Category:Mental disorders dem diagnose insyd kiddie time]] [[Category:Emotional issues]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 6dcf78x3qp0cxm1tkl65rjmiq86ut1r 0 22593 112339 82347 2026-09-24T17:10:59Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112339 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Separation Anxiety Disorder''' ('''SAD''') be an anxiety disorder insyd wich an individual dey experience excessive anxiety wey dey regard separation from home den/anaa from people to whom de individual get a strong emotional attachment (e.g., a parent, caregiver, significant other, anaa siblings). Separation anxiety be a natural part of de developmental process. E be most common insyd infants den little kiddies, typically between de ages of six months to three years, although e pathologically fi manifest einself insyd older kiddies, adolescents den adults. Unlike SAD (dem indicate by excessive anxiety), normal separation anxiety dey indicate healthy advancements insyd a kiddie ein cognitive maturation wey e for no be considered a developing behavioral problem.<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Redlich R, Grotegerd D, Opel N, Kaufmann C, Zwitserlood P, Kugel H, Heindel W, Donges US, Suslow T, Arolt V, Dannlowski U |date=February 2015 |title=Are you gonna leave me? Separation anxiety is associated with increased amygdala responsiveness and volume |journal=Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=278–284 |doi=10.1093/scan/nsu055 |pmc=4321627 |pmid=24752071}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Separation Anxiety {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/psychology/psychology-and-psychiatry/separation-anxiety#3447200510 |access-date=2025-12-06 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> According to de American Psychiatric Association (APA), Separation Anxiety Disorder be an excessive display of fear den distress wen faced plus situations of separation from de home den/anaa from a specific attachment figure. De anxiety wey dem express be categorized as e be atypical of de expected developmental level den age.<ref name="Ehrenreich">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ehrenreich JT, Santucci LC, Weiner CL |date=January 2008 |title=Separation Anxiety Disorder in Youth: Phenomenology, Assessment, and Treatment |journal=Psicologia Conductual |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=389–412 |doi=10.1901/jaba.2008.16-389 |doi-broken-date=12 July 2025 |pmc=2788956 |pmid=19966943}}</ref> De severity of de symptoms dey range from anticipatory uneasiness to full-blown anxiety about separation.<ref name="Masi">{{cite journal |vauthors=Masi G, Mucci M, Millepiedi S |year=2001 |title=Separation anxiety disorder in children and adolescents: epidemiology, diagnosis and management |journal=CNS Drugs |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=93–104 |doi=10.2165/00023210-200115020-00002 |pmid=11460893 |s2cid=24167753}}</ref> SAD fi cause significant negative effects within areas of social den emotional functioning, family life, den physical health of de disordered individual.<ref name="Ehrenreich" /> De duration of dis problem for persist for at least four weeks wey e for present einself before a kiddie be eighteen years of age to be diagnosed as SAD insyd kiddies, buh now fi be diagnosed insyd adults plus a duration typically wey dey last six months insyd adults as dem specify by de DSM-5.<ref name="Beesdo2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Beesdo K, Knappe S, Pine DS |date=September 2009 |title=Anxiety and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents: developmental issues and implications for DSM-V |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychiatric-clinics-of-north-america_2009-09_32_3/page/483 |journal=The Psychiatric Clinics of North America |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=483–524 |doi=10.1016/j.psc.2009.06.002 |pmc=3018839 |pmid=19716988}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Authority control}} [[Category:Anxiety disorders]] [[Category:Anxiety anaa fear-related disorders]] [[Category:Attachment theory]] [[Category:Mental disorders dem diagnose insyd kiddie time]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 9w9wczbgcvda9nabyoom49sa8sgham8 0 22640 112345 110955 2026-09-24T17:25:19Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112345 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cardiac arrest''' (dem sanso know as '''sudden cardiac arrest''' ['''SCA''']<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Patil |first1=Kaustubha D. |last2=Halperin |first2=Henry R. |last3=Becker |first3=Lance B. |date=2015-06-05 |title=Cardiac Arrest: Resuscitation and Reperfusion |journal=Circulation Research |language=en |volume=116 |issue=12 |pages=2041–2049 |doi=10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.304495 |issn=0009-7330 |pmc=5920653 |pmid=26044255}}</ref>) be a condition insyd wich de heart suddenly den unexpectedly stop dey beat.<ref name="NIH2022Def">{{cite web |date=19 May 2022 |title=Cardiac Arrest - What Is Cardiac Arrest? {{!}} NHLBI, NIH |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/cardiac-arrest |access-date=20 September 2023 |website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Field-20093">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JaOoXdSlT9sC&pg=PA11 |title=The Textbook of Emergency Cardiovascular Care and CPR |vauthors=Field JM |date=2009 |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |isbn=978-0-7817-8899-1 |page=11 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905133735/https://books.google.com/books?id=JaOoXdSlT9sC&pg=PA11 |archive-date=2017-09-05 |url-status=live}}</ref> Wen de heart stop, blood no fi circulate properly thru de body den de blood flow to de brain den oda organs decrease. Wen de brain no dey receive enough blood, dis fi cause a person to lose consciousness den brain cells begin to die within minutes secof lack of oxygen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-19 |title=Cardiac Arrest - What Is Cardiac Arrest? {{!}} NHLBI, NIH |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/cardiac-arrest |access-date=2024-10-20 |website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov |language=en}}</ref> Coma den persistent vegetative state fi result from cardiac arrest. Dem typically identify cardiac arrest by de absence of a central pulse den abnormal anaa absent breathing.<ref name="Field-20093" /> Cardiac arrest den resultant hemodynamic collapse often dey occur secof arrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms). Ventricular fibrillation den ventricular tachycardia be most commonly recorded.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Bayés de Luna A, Coumel P, Leclercq JF |date=January 1989 |title=Ambulatory sudden cardiac death: mechanisms of production of fatal arrhythmia on the basis of data from 157 cases |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-heart-journal_1989-01_117_1/page/151 |journal=American Heart Journal |volume=117 |issue=1 |pages=151–159 |doi=10.1016/0002-8703(89)90670-4 |pmid=2911968}}</ref> However, as chaw incidents of cardiac arrest dey occur out-of-hospital anaa wen na a person no get dema cardiac activity monitored e be difficult to identify de specific mechanism insyd each case. Structural heart disease, such as coronary artery disease, be a common underlying condition insyd people wey dey experience cardiac arrest. De most common risk factors dey include age den cardiovascular disease.<ref name="Goldenberg_20032">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Goldenberg I, Jonas M, Tenenbaum A, Boyko V, Matetzky S, Shotan A, Behar S, Reicher-Reiss H |date=October 2003 |title=Current smoking, smoking cessation, and the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with coronary artery disease |journal=Archives of Internal Medicine |volume=163 |issue=19 |pages=2301–2305 |doi=10.1001/archinte.163.19.2301 |pmid=14581249 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Additional underlying cardiac conditions dey include heart failure den inherited arrhythmias. Additional factors wey fi contribute to cardiac arrest dey include major blood loss, lack of oxygen, electrolyte disturbance (such as very low potassium), electrical injury, den intense physical exercise.<ref name="Zheng-2001-2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zheng ZJ, Croft JB, Giles WH, Mensah GA |date=October 2001 |title=Sudden cardiac death in the United States, 1989 to 1998 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_circulation_2001-10-30_104_18/page/2158 |journal=Circulation |volume=104 |issue=18 |pages=2158–2163 |doi=10.1161/hc4301.098254 |pmid=11684624 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Cardiac arrest be diagnosed by de inability to find a pulse insyd an unresponsive patient.<ref name="Field-20093" /> De goal of treatment for cardiac arrest be to rapidly achieve return of spontaneous circulation wey dey use a variety of interventions wey dey include CPR, defibrillation anaa cardiac pacing. Na dem establish two protocols give CPR: basic life support (BLS) den advanced cardiac life support (ACLS).<ref name="AHA-2005">{{cite journal |author=ECC Committee, Subcommittees and Task Forces of the American Heart Association |date=December 2005 |title=2005 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care |journal=Circulation |volume=112 |issue=24 Suppl |pages=IV1-203 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.166550 |pmid=16314375 |doi-access=free}}</ref> If na dem achieve return of spontaneous circulation plus dese interventions, then sudden cardiac arrest occur. By contrast, if de person no survive de event, dis be referred to as sudden cardiac death. Among those wey dem re-establish dema pulses, de care team fi initiate measures to protect de person from brain injury den preserve neurological function.<ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Neumar RW, Nolan JP, Adrie C, Aibiki M, Berg RA, Böttiger BW, Callaway C, Clark RS, Geocadin RG, Jauch EC, Kern KB, Laurent I, Longstreth WT, Merchant RM, Morley P, Morrison LJ, Nadkarni V, Peberdy MA, Rivers EP, Rodriguez-Nunez A, Sellke FW, Spaulding C, Sunde K, Vanden Hoek T |date=December 2008 |title=Post-cardiac arrest syndrome: epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognostication. A consensus statement from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (American Heart Association, Australian and New Zealand Council on Resuscitation, European Resuscitation Council, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Resuscitation Council of Asia, and the Resuscitation Council of Southern Africa); the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee; the Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Perioperative, and Critical Care; the Council on Clinical Cardiology; and the Stroke Council |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_circulation_2008-12-02_118_23/page/2452 |journal=Circulation |volume=118 |issue=23 |pages=2452–2483 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.190652 |pmid=18948368 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Sam methods fi include airway management den mechanical ventilation, maintenance of blood pressure den end-organ perfusion via fluid resuscitation den vasopressor support, correction of electrolyte imbalance, EKG monitoring den management of reversible causes, den temperature management. Targeted temperature management fi improve outcomes.<ref name="Schenone-2016">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Schenone AL, Cohen A, Patarroyo G, Harper L, Wang X, Shishehbor MH, Menon V, Duggal A |date=November 2016 |title=Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest: A systematic review/meta-analysis exploring the impact of expanded criteria and targeted temperature |journal=Resuscitation |volume=108 |pages=102–110 |doi=10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.07.238 |pmid=27521472}}</ref><ref name="Arrich_2023">{{cite journal |vauthors=Arrich J, Schütz N, Oppenauer J, Vendt J, Holzer M, Havel C, Herkner H |date=May 2023 |title=Hypothermia for neuroprotection in adults after cardiac arrest |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=5 |issue=5 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004128.pub5 |pmc=10202224 |pmid=37217440 |article-number=CD004128}}</ref> Insyd post-resuscitation care, dem fi consider an implantable cardiac defibrillator to reduce de chance of death from recurrence.<ref name="NHLBI-2016">{{cite web |date=June 22, 2016 |title=How Can Death Due to Sudden Cardiac Arrest Be Prevented? |url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/scda/prevention |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827200432/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/scda/prevention |archive-date=27 August 2016 |access-date=16 August 2016 |website=NHLBI}}</ref> Per de 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines, na der be approximately 535,000 incidents of cardiac arrest annually insyd de United States (about 13 per 10,000 people).<ref name="Kronick-20153">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kronick SL, Kurz MC, Lin S, Edelson DP, Berg RA, Billi JE, Cabanas JG, Cone DC, Diercks DB, Foster JJ, Meeks RA, Travers AH, Welsford M |date=November 2015 |title=Part 4: Systems of Care and Continuous Quality Improvement: 2015 American Heart Association Guidelines Update for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care |journal=Circulation |volume=132 |issue=18 Suppl 2 |pages=S397–S413 |doi=10.1161/cir.0000000000000258 |pmid=26472992 |s2cid=10073267 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Of these, na 326,000 (61%) experience cardiac arrest outsyd of a hospital setting, while 209,000 (39%) occur within a hospital.<ref name="Kronick-20153" /> Cardiac arrest cam be more common plus age den dey affect males more often dan females.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2022-05-19 |title=Cardiac Arrest - Causes and Risk Factors {{!}} NHLBI, NIH |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/cardiac-arrest/causes |access-date=2025-12-09 |website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de United States, black people be twice as likely to die from cardiac arrest as white people. Asian den Hispanic people no be as frequently affected as white people.<ref name=":0" /> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == {{sister project links|display=Cardiac arrest}} * [http://www.med.upenn.edu/resuscitation/ The Center for Resuscitation Science at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cardiac Arrest}} [[Category:Cardiac arrhythmia]] [[Category:Medical emergencies]] [[Category:Causes of death]] ie5yhy37g7b0a4zxbsti6qlfhbd10d2 0 22651 112398 110854 2026-09-24T18:54:07Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112398 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stroke''' be a medical condition insyd wich poor blood flow to a part of de brain dey cause cell death.<ref name=HLB2014W/> Der be two main types of stroke: ischemic, secof lack of blood flow, den hemorrhagic, secof bleeding.<ref name="HLB2014W" /> Both dey cause parts of de brain to stop functioning properly.<ref name="HLB2014W">{{cite web|title=What Is a Stroke?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke|website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov/|access-date=26 February 2015|date=March 26, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218230259/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/|archive-date=18 February 2015}}</ref> Signs den symptoms of stroke fi include facial drooping, inability to walk, move anaa feel on one side of de body, problems understanding anaa speaking, dizziness, anaa loss of vision to one side.<ref name="Donnan20082">{{cite journal |vauthors=Donnan GA, Fisher M, Macleod M, Davis SM |date=May 2008 |title=Stroke |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_may-10-16-2008_371_9624/page/1612 |journal=Lancet |volume=371 |issue=9624 |pages=1612–23 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60694-7 |pmid=18468545 |s2cid=208787942}}</ref><ref name="HLB2014S2">{{cite web |date=March 26, 2014 |title=What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a Stroke? |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/stroke/symptoms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083736/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/signs |archive-date=27 February 2015 |access-date=27 February 2015 |website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov}}</ref> Signs den symptoms often dey appear soon after na de stroke occur.<ref name="HLB2014S2" /> If symptoms last less dan 24 hours, de stroke be a transient ischemic attack (TIA), dem sanso call a mini-stroke.<ref name="HLB2014S2" /> Hemorrhagic stroke sanso fi be associated plus a severe headache.<ref name="HLB2014S2" /> De symptoms of stroke fi be permanent.<ref name="HLB2014W" /> Long-term complications fi include [[pneumonia]] den loss of bladder control.<ref name="HLB2014S2" /> De most significant [[risk factor]] give stroke be high blood pressure.<ref name="HLB2014C">{{cite web |date=March 26, 2014 |title=Who Is at Risk for a Stroke? |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/stroke/causes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227085058/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/atrisk |archive-date=27 February 2015 |access-date=27 February 2015 |website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov}}</ref> Oda risk factors include high blood cholesterol, tobacco smoking, obesity, diabetes mellitus, a previous TIA, end-stage kidney disease, den atrial fibrillation.<ref name="Donnan20082" /><ref name="HLB2014C" /><ref name="Hu2018">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hu A, Niu J, Winkelmayer WC |date=November 2018 |title=Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation |journal=Seminars in Nephrology |volume=38 |issue=6 |pages=618–628 |doi=10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006 |pmc=6233322 |pmid=30413255}}</ref> Ischemic stroke typically be caused by blockage of a blood vessel, though der sanso be less common causes.<ref name="HLB2014T">{{cite web |date=March 26, 2014 |title=Types of Stroke |url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319163549/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/types |archive-date=19 March 2015 |access-date=27 February 2015 |website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&pg=PA360 |title=Emergency Neurology |vauthors=Roos KL |date=2012 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-0-387-88584-1 |page=360 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108190342/https://books.google.com/books?id=0jH7TZW8WVAC&pg=PA360 |archive-date=2017-01-08 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&pg=PA296 |title=Stroke |vauthors=Wityk RJ, Llinas RH |date=2007 |publisher=ACP Press |isbn=978-1-930513-70-9 |page=296 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170108185918/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ispt6JRBgU4C&pg=PA296 |archive-date=2017-01-08 |url-status=live}}</ref> Hemorrhagic stroke be caused by either bleeding directly into de brain anaa into de space between de brain ein membranes.<ref name="HLB2014T" /><ref name="Feigin05">{{cite journal |vauthors=Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS |date=December 2005 |title=Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies |journal=Stroke |volume=36 |issue=12 |pages=2773–80 |doi=10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8 |pmid=16282541 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Bleeding fi occur secof a ruptured brain aneurysm.<ref name="HLB2014T" /> Diagnosis typically be based on a physical exam wey be supported by medical imaging such as a CT scan anaa MRI scan.<ref name="HLB2014D2">{{cite web |date=March 26, 2014 |title=How Is a Stroke Diagnosed? |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/stroke/diagnosis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227083640/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/stroke/diagnosis |archive-date=27 February 2015 |access-date=27 February 2015 |website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov}}</ref> A CT scan fi rule out bleeding, buh no fi necessarily rule out ischemia, wich early on typically no dey show up on a CT scan.<ref name="AFP2009">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yew KS, Cheng E |date=July 2009 |title=Acute stroke diagnosis |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-family-physician_2009-07-01_80_1/page/n40 |journal=American Family Physician |volume=80 |issue=1 |pages=33–40 |pmc=2722757 |pmid=19621844}}</ref> Dem dey do oda tests such as an electrocardiogram (ECG) den blood tests to determine risk factors den possible causes.<ref name="HLB2014D2" /> Low blood sugar fi cause similar symptoms.<ref name="HLB2014D2" /> Prevention dey include decreasing risk factors, surgery to open up de arteries to de brain insyd those plus problematic carotid narrowing, den anticoagulant medication insyd people plus atrial fibrillation.<ref name="Donnan20082" /> Aspirin anaa statins fi be recommended by physicians for prevention.<ref name="Donnan20082" /> Stroke be a medical emergency.<ref name="HLB2014W" /> Ischemic strokes, if dem detect within three to four-and-a-half hours, fi be treatable plus medication wey fi break down de clot,<ref name="Donnan20082" /> while hemorrhagic strokes sam times benefit from surgery.<ref name="Donnan20082" /> Dem dey call treatment to attempt recovery of lost function stroke rehabilitation, den ideally dey take place insyd a stroke unit; however, dese no be available insyd much of de world.<ref name="Donnan20082" /> Insyd 2023, na 15 million people worldwide get a stroke.<ref name="who24">{{cite web |date=2024 |title=Stroke, cerebrovascular accident |url=https://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/stroke-cerebrovascular-accident/index.html |access-date=12 March 2024 |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> Insyd 2021, na stroke be de third biggest cause of death, responsible for approximately 10% of total deaths.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The top 10 causes of death |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death |access-date=2024-08-12 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2015, na der be about 42.4&nbsp;million people wey previously dem get stroke wey na dem still dey alive.<ref name="GBD2015Pre">{{cite journal |author=((GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators)) |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1545–1602 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 |pmc=5055577 |pmid=27733282}}</ref> Between 1990 den 2010 na de annual incidence of stroke decrease by approximately 10% insyd de developed world, buh e increase by 10% insyd de developing world.<ref name="Fei20132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C |date=January 2014 |title=Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_january-18-24-2014_383_9913/page/245 |journal=Lancet |volume=383 |issue=9913 |pages=245–54 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4 |pmc=4181600 |pmid=24449944}}</ref> Insyd 2015, na stroke be de second most frequent cause of death after coronary artery disease, wey dey account for 6.3&nbsp;million deaths (11% of de total).<ref name="GBD2015De">{{cite journal |author=((GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators)) |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1459–1544 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1 |pmc=5388903 |pmid=27733281}}</ref> Na about 3.0 million deaths result from ischemic stroke while na 3.3 million deaths result from hemorrhagic stroke.<ref name="GBD2015De" /> Na about half of people wey get a stroke live less dan one year.<ref name="Donnan20082" /> Overall, na two thirds of cases of stroke occur insyd those over 65 years old.<ref name="Fei20132" /> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite journal |last1=Bushnell |first1=Cheryl |last2=Kernan |first2=Walter N. |last3=Sharrief |first3=Anjail Z. |last4=Chaturvedi |first4=Seemant |last5=Cole |first5=John W. |last6=Cornwell |first6=William K. |last7=Cosby-Gaither |first7=Christine |last8=Doyle |first8=Sarah |last9=Goldstein |first9=Larry B. |last10=Lennon |first10=Olive |last11=Levine |first11=Deborah A. |last12=Love |first12=Mary |last13=Miller |first13=Eliza |last14=Nguyen-Huynh |first14=Mai |last15=Rasmussen-Winkler |first15=Jennifer |last16=Rexrode |first16=Kathryn M. |last17=Rosendale |first17=Nicole |last18=Sarma |first18=Satyam |last19=Shimbo |first19=Daichi |last20=Simpkins |first20=Alexis N. |last21=Spatz |first21=Erica S. |last22=Sun |first22=Lisa R. |last23=Tangpricha |first23=Vin |last24=Turnage |first24=Dawn |last25=Velazquez |first25=Gabriela |last26=Whelton |first26=Paul |display-authors=3 |title=2024 Guideline for the Primary Prevention of Stroke: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association |date=21 October 2024 |journal=Stroke |volume=55 |issue=12 |pages=e344–e424 |doi=10.1161/STR.0000000000000475|pmid=39429201 }} * Gijn, Jan van (2023). Stroke: A History of Ideas. ''Cambridge University Press''. ISBN 978-1-108-83254-0. == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://www.mdcalc.com/dragon-score-post-tpa-stroke-outcome/ DRAGON Score for Post-Thrombolysis] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027101249/https://www.mdcalc.com/dragon-score-post-tpa-stroke-outcome |date=2020-10-27 }} * [http://www.mdcalc.com/thrive-score-for-stroke-outcome/ THRIVE score for stroke outcome] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160913041433/http://www.mdcalc.com/thrive-score-for-stroke-outcome/ |date=2016-09-13 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20161221102343/https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/all-disorders National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] [[Category:Stroke| ]] [[Category:Causes of death]] 9e3i5scisnf6467w3j0olac1palbjdz 0 22662 112542 82584 2026-09-25T02:28:14Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112542 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Phencyclidine''' anaa '''phenylcyclohexyl piperidine''' ('''PCP'''), dem sanso know insyd ein use as a street drug as '''angel dust''' among oda names, be a dissociative anesthetic dem mainly used recreationally for ein significant mind-altering effects.<ref name="Jus2003">{{cite web |date=2003 |title=PCP Fast Facts |url=https://www.justice.gov/archive/ndic/pubs4/4440/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814124326/https://www.justice.gov/archive/ndic/pubs4/4440/ |archive-date=14 August 2021 |access-date=19 February 2018 |website=justice.gov |publisher=[[National Drug Intelligence Center]]}}</ref> PCP fi cause hallucinations, distorted perceptions of sounds, den [[Psychosis|psychotic behavior]].<ref name="Bush2013">{{cite book |title=The CBHSQ Report |vauthors=Bush DM |date=2013 |publisher=Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration |location=Rockville, MD |chapter=Emergency Department Visits Involving Phencyclidine (PCP) |pmid=27656747 |quote=PCP can lead to hostile behavior that may result in episodes of extreme violence}}</ref><ref name="NIH2016Hal3">{{cite web |date=January 2016 |title=Hallucinogens |url=https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/hallucinogens |access-date=20 February 2018 |publisher=[[National Institute on Drug Abuse]]}}</ref> As a recreational drug, e be typically smoked, buh dem fi take am by mouth, snorted, anaa injected.<ref name="Bush2013" /><ref name="NIH2018Fact">{{cite web |title=NIDA InfoFacts: Hallucinogens – LSD, Peyote, Psilocybin, and PCP |url=http://drugabuse.gov/infofacts/hallucinogens.html |access-date=2018-02-19 |website=drugabuse.gov |publisher=[[National Institute on Drug Abuse]]}}</ref> E sanso fi be mixed plus cannabis anaa tobacco.<ref name="Jus2003" /> Adverse effects fi include paranoia, addiction, den an increased risk of [[suicide]], as well as seizures den coma in cases of overdose.<ref name="Bush2013" /> Flashbacks fi occur despite stopping usage.<ref name="NIH2016Hal3" /> Chemically, PCP be a member of de arylcyclohexylamine class.<ref name="Mar20143">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c5PgBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA732 |title=Drugs in American Society: An Encyclopedia of History, Politics, Culture, and the Law |vauthors=Marion NE, Oliver WM |publisher=ABC-CLIO |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-61069-596-1 |page=732 |via=Google Books}}</ref><ref name="Zed2007">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tyBE3F5ACK4C&pg=PA97 |title=Forensic Pharmacology |vauthors=Zedeck BE, Zedeck MS |date=2007 |publisher=Infobase Publishing |isbn=978-1-4381-0382-2 |page=97}}</ref> PCP dey work primarily as an NMDA receptor antagonist.<ref name="Mar20143" /> PCP most commonly be used insyd de US.<ref>{{cite web |title=PCP |url=http://www.ginad.org/en/drugs/drugs/306/pcp- |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910002927/http://www.ginad.org/en/drugs/drugs/306/pcp- |archive-date=2018-09-10 |access-date=2018-02-20 |website=ginad.org}}</ref> While na usage peak insyd de US insyd de 1970s,<ref>{{cite web |title=PCP |url=http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/pcp.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100312005219/http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/pcp.asp |archive-date=12 March 2010 |access-date=20 February 2018 |website=cesar.umd.edu |publisher=}}</ref> between 2005 den 2011, na an increase in visits to emergency departments as a result of de drug occur.<ref name="Bush2013" /> As of 2022, insyd de US, na about 0.7% of 12th-grade students report dem dey use PCP insyd de prior year, while na 1.7% of people insyd de US over age 25 report dem use am at sam point insyd dema lives.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hallucinogens |url=https://www.drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/hallucinogens |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603125635/https://www.drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/hallucinogens |archive-date=3 June 2020 |access-date=20 February 2018 |website=drugabuse.gov |publisher=National Institute on Drug Abuse}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/pcp/pcp.shtml Erowid.org – PCP Information] * [http://www.drugabuse.gov/DrugPages/PCP.html National Institute of Drug Abuse InfoFacts: PCP (Phencyclidine)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106220052/http://www.drugabuse.gov/drugpages/pcp.html |date=2012-01-06 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080514004144/http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/PEOPLE/INJURY/research/job185drugs/phencyclidine.htm Drugs and Human Performance Fact Sheets on Phencyclidine] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190121194233/http://www.timothywyllie.com/PCP.htm Phencyclidine and Ketamine: A View From the Street-1981 article on the use and effects of PCP] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121194233/http://www.timothywyllie.com/PCP.htm |date=2019-01-21 }} * {{cite web | url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220813070547/https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/phencyclidine | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210507012200/https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/Phencyclidine | archive-date = May 7, 2021 | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine | work = Drug Information Portal | title = Phencyclidine }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Arylcyclohexylamines]] [[Category:D2 receptor agonists]] [[Category:Dissociative drugs]] [[Category:Euphoriants]] [[Category:General anesthetics]] [[Category:German inventions]] [[Category:Medical mnemonics]] [[Category:Monoamine reuptake inhibitors]] [[Category:Nicotinic antagonists]] [[Category:NMDA receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Opioids]] [[Category:1-Piperidinyl compounds]] [[Category:Sigma agonists]] [[Category:Stimulants]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] khfo54yqzcyi9m7loc1fy8bwpu63g70 0 22695 112381 82642 2026-09-24T18:22:19Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112381 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Metformin''', dem sell under de brand name '''Glucophage''', among odas, be de main first-line medication give de treatment of type{{nbsp}}2 diabetes,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Draznin B, Aroda VR, Bakris G, Benson G, Brown FM, Freeman R, Green J, Huang E, Isaacs D, Kahan S, Leon J, Lyons SK, Peters AL, Prahalad P, Reusch JE, Young-Hyman D | title = 9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022 | journal = Diabetes Care | volume = 45 | issue = Suppl 1 | pages = S125–S143 | date = January 2022 | pmid = 34964831 | doi = 10.2337/dc22-s009 | s2cid = 245538347 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref><ref name="2019 ESC Guidelines">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cosentino F, Grant PJ, Aboyans V, Bailey CJ, Ceriello A, Delgado V, Federici M, Filippatos G, Grobbee DE, Hansen TB, Huikuri HV, Johansson I, Jüni P, Lettino M, Marx N, Mellbin LG, Östgren CJ, Rocca B, Roffi M, Sattar N, Seferović PM, Sousa-Uva M, Valensi P, Wheeler DC | title = 2019 ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD | journal = European Heart Journal | volume = 41 | issue = 2 | pages = 255–323 | date = January 2020 | pmid = 31497854 | doi = 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz486 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi | hdl = 2158/1181259 | hdl-access = free }}</ref><ref name="AHFS20163">{{cite web |title=Metformin Hydrochloride |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/metformin-hydrochloride.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224162245/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/metformin-hydrochloride.html |archive-date=24 December 2016 |access-date=2 January 2017 |publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}</ref><ref name=Ann2016>{{cite journal | vauthors = Maruthur NM, Tseng E, Hutfless S, Wilson LM, Suarez-Cuervo C, Berger Z, Chu Y, Iyoha E, Segal JB, Bolen S | title = Diabetes Medications as Monotherapy or Metformin-Based Combination Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | journal = Annals of Internal Medicine | volume = 164 | issue = 11 | pages = 740–751 | date = June 2016 | pmid = 27088241 | doi = 10.7326/M15-2650 | s2cid = 32016657 }}</ref> particularly insyd people wey be overweight.<ref name="2019 ESC Guidelines" /> Dem sanso dey use am insyd de treatment of [[polycystic ovary syndrome]],<ref name="AHFS20163" /> wey dem sam times dey use am as an off-label adjunct to lessen de risk of metabolic syndrome insyd people wey dey take antipsychotic medication.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=de Silva VA, Suraweera C, Ratnatunga SS, Dayabandara M, Wanniarachchi N, Hanwella R |date=October 2016 |title=Metformin in prevention and treatment of antipsychotic-induced weight gain: a systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=BMC Psychiatry |volume=16 |issue=1 |doi=10.1186/s12888-016-1049-5 |pmc=5048618 |pmid=27716110 |doi-access=free |article-number=341 |title-link=doi}}</ref> Na e show to inhibit inflammation,<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Lin H, Ao H, Guo G, Liu M |date=2023 |title=The Role and Mechanism of Metformin in Inflammatory Diseases |journal=Journal of Inflammation Research |volume=16 |pages=5545–5564 |doi=10.2147/JIR.S436147 |pmc=10680465 |pmid=38026260 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Saisho Y |date=March 2015 |title=Metformin and Inflammation: Its Potential Beyond Glucose-lowering Effect |journal=Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders Drug Targets |volume=15 |issue=3 |pages=196–205 |doi=10.2174/1871530315666150316124019 |pmid=25772174}}</ref> wey e no be associated plus weight gain.<ref name="Pres2014">{{cite journal |vauthors= |date=November 2014 |title=Type 2 diabetes and metformin. First choice for monotherapy: weak evidence of efficacy but well-known and acceptable adverse effects |journal=Prescrire International |volume=23 |issue=154 |pages=269–272 |pmid=25954799}}</ref> Dem dey take metformin by mouth.<ref name="AHFS20163" /> Metformin generally be well tolerated.<ref name="pmid266807452">{{cite journal |vauthors=Triggle CR, Ding H |date=January 2017 |title=Metformin is not just an antihyperglycaemic drug but also has protective effects on the vascular endothelium |journal=Acta Physiologica |volume=219 |issue=1 |pages=138–151 |doi=10.1111/apha.12644 |pmid=26680745 |s2cid=312517}}</ref> Common adverse effects dey include diarrhea, nausea, den abdominal pain.<ref name="AHFS20163" /> E get a small risk of e dey cause [[Hypoglycemia|low blood sugar]].<ref name="AHFS20163" /> High blood lactic acid level (acidosis) be a concern if dem use de medication in overly large doses anaa dem prescribe insyd people plus severe kidney problems.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Blumenberg A, Benabbas R, Sinert R, Jeng A, Wiener SW |date=April 2020 |title=Do Patients Die with or from Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA)? Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of pH and Lactate as Predictors of Mortality in MALA |journal=Journal of Medical Toxicology |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=222–229 |doi=10.1007/s13181-019-00755-6 |pmc=7099117 |pmid=31907741}}</ref><ref name="pmid21617112">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lipska KJ, Bailey CJ, Inzucchi SE |date=June 2011 |title=Use of metformin in the setting of mild-to-moderate renal insufficiency |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_diabetes-care_2011-06_34_6/page/1431 |journal=Diabetes Care |volume=34 |issue=6 |pages=1431–7 |doi=10.2337/dc10-2361 |pmc=3114336 |pmid=21617112}}</ref> Metformin be a biguanide anti-hyperglycemic agent.<ref name="AHFS20163" /> E dey work by decreasing glucose production insyd de liver, wey dey increase de insulin sensitivity of body tissues,<ref name="AHFS20163" /> den dey increase GDF15 secretion, wich dey reduce appetite den caloric intake.<ref name="pmid31875646">{{cite journal |vauthors=Coll AP, Chen M, Taskar P, Rimmington D, Patel S, Tadross JA, Cimino I, Yang M, Welsh P, Virtue S, Goldspink DA, Miedzybrodzka EL, Konopka AR, Esponda RR, Huang JT, Tung YC, Rodriguez-Cuenca S, Tomaz RA, Harding HP, Melvin A, Yeo GS, Preiss D, Vidal-Puig A, Vallier L, Nair KS, Wareham NJ, Ron D, Gribble FM, Reimann F, Sattar N, Savage DB, Allan BB, O'Rahilly S |date=February 2020 |title=GDF15 mediates the effects of metformin on body weight and energy balance |journal=Nature |volume=578 |issue=7795 |pages=444–448 |doi=10.1038/s41586-019-1911-y |pmc=7234839 |pmid=31875646}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Day EA, Ford RJ, Smith BK, Mohammadi-Shemirani P, Morrow MR, Gutgesell RM, Lu R, Raphenya AR, Kabiri M, McArthur AG, McInnes N, Hess S, Paré G, Gerstein HC, Steinberg GR |date=December 2019 |title=Metformin-induced increases in GDF15 are important for suppressing appetite and promoting weight loss |journal=Nature Metabolism |volume=1 |issue=12 |pages=1202–1208 |doi=10.1038/s42255-019-0146-4 |pmid=32694673 |s2cid=213199603}}</ref><ref name="Medical Management of Diabesity: Do">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pappachan JM, Viswanath AK |date=January 2017 |title=Medical Management of Diabesity: Do We Have Realistic Targets? |journal=Current Diabetes Reports |volume=17 |issue=1 |doi=10.1007/s11892-017-0828-9 |pmid=28101792 |s2cid=10289148 |article-number=4}}</ref><ref name="PNAS 2022-03-01">{{cite journal |vauthors=LaMoia TE, Butrico GM, Kalpage HA, Goedeke L, Hubbard BT, Vatner DF, Gaspar RC, Zhang XM, Cline GW, Nakahara K, Woo S, Shimada A, Hüttemann M, Shulman GI |date=March 2022 |title=Metformin, phenformin, and galegine inhibit complex IV activity and reduce glycerol-derived gluconeogenesis |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |volume=119 |issue=10 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11922287L |doi=10.1073/pnas.2122287119 |pmc=8916010 |pmid=35238637 |doi-access=free |article-number=e2122287119 |title-link=doi}}</ref> Na dem first describe metformin insyd de scientific literature insyd 1922 by Emil Werner den James Bell.<ref name="Fis2010">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h2Kd8ci4Ln8C&pg=PA49 |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery II |vauthors=Fischer J |date=2010 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-3-527-63212-1 |page=49 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908185310/https://books.google.com/books?id=h2Kd8ci4Ln8C&pg=PA49 |archive-date=8 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Na French physician Jean Sterne begin de study insyd humans insyd de 1950s.<ref name="Fis2010" /> Na dem introduce am as a medication insyd [[France]] insyd 1957.<ref name="AHFS20163" /><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=49kLK--eumEC&pg=PA217 |title=Herb, nutrient, and drug interactions: clinical implications and therapeutic strategies |vauthors=Stargrove MB, Treasure J, McKee DL |date=2008 |publisher=Mosby/Elsevier |isbn=978-0-323-02964-3 |location=St. Louis, Mo. |page=217 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908185309/https://books.google.com/books?id=49kLK--eumEC&pg=PA217 |archive-date=8 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO23rd">{{cite book |author-link=World Health Organization |title=The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023) |vauthors=((World Health Organization)) |publisher=World Health Organization |year=2023 |location=Geneva |hdl=10665/371090 |id=WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> E be available as a generic medication.<ref name="AHFS20163" /> Insyd 2023,na e be de second most commonly prescribed medication insyd de [[United States]], plus more dan 85{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.<ref name="Top 300 of 2023">{{cite web |title=The Top 300 of 2023 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |archive-date=12 August 2025 |access-date=12 August 2025 |website=ClinCalc}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=49kLK--eumEC&pg=PA217 |title=Herb, nutrient, and drug interactions: clinical implications and therapeutic strategies |vauthors=Stargrove MB, Treasure J, McKee DL |date=2008 |publisher=Mosby/Elsevier |isbn=978-0-323-02964-3 |location=St. Louis, Mo. |page=217 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908185309/https://books.google.com/books?id=49kLK--eumEC&pg=PA217 |archive-date=8 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Australia,na e be one of de top 10 most prescribed medications between 2017 den 2023.<ref>{{cite web |date=2 July 2024 |title=Medicines in the health system |url=https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/medicines/medicines-in-the-health-system |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930004113/https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/medicines/medicines-in-the-health-system |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=30 September 2024 |website=Australian Institute of Health and Welfare}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite web |date=May 2024 |title=Nitrosamine impurities in medications: Guidance |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/drugs-health-products/compliance-enforcement/information-health-product/drugs/nitrosamine-impurities/medications-guidance.html |website=[[Health Canada]]}} * {{cite web |date=October 2019 |title=Nitrosamine impurities |url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/human-regulatory-overview/post-authorisation/pharmacovigilance-post-authorisation/referral-procedures-human-medicines/nitrosamine-impurities |website=[[European Medicines Agency]] (EMA)}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Anti-diabetic drugs]] [[Category:Anti-aging substances]] [[Category:Anti-inflammatory agents]] [[Category:Biguanides]] [[Category:Exercise mimetics]] [[Category:Drugs wey Boehringer Ingelheim develop]] [[Category:Drugs wey Merck develop]] [[Category:Drugs plus unknown mechanisms of action]] [[Category:Guanidines]] [[Category:Orphan drugs]] [[Category:World Health Organization essential medicines]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 0uus29ovi00i0e6siin6hzex3nubp18 0 22707 112372 108658 2026-09-24T18:09:16Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112372 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dementia''' be a syndrome wey be associated plus chaw neurodegenerative diseases, wey be characterized by a general decline insyd cognitive abilities wey dey affect a person ein ability to perform everyday activities.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-08 |title=What Is Dementia? Symptoms, Types, and Diagnosis |url=https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-and-dementia/what-dementia-symptoms-types-and-diagnosis |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231119221928/https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-and-dementia/what-dementia-symptoms-types-and-diagnosis |archive-date=November 19, 2023 |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=National Institute on Aging |language=en}}</ref> Dis typically dey involve problems plus memory, thinking, behavior, den motor control.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dementia |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia |access-date=April 4, 2024 |publisher=World Health Organization |language=en}}</ref> Aside from memory impairment den a disruption insyd thought patterns, de most common symptoms of dementia dey include emotional problems, difficulties plus language, den decreased motivation.<ref name="WHO2022">{{cite web |title=Dementia |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia |access-date=September 26, 2022 |publisher=World Health Organization |language=en}}</ref> De symptoms fi be described as occurring insyd a continuum over several stages.<ref name="Bathini2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bathini P, Brai E, Auber LA |date=November 2019 |title=Olfactory dysfunction in the pathophysiological continuum of dementia |url=http://doc.rero.ch/record/327719/files/alb_odp.pdf |journal=Ageing Research Reviews |volume=55 |doi=10.1016/j.arr.2019.100956 |pmid=31479764 |s2cid=201742825 |article-number=100956}}</ref> Dementia be a life-limiting condition, wey get a significant effect on de individual, dema caregivers, den dema social relationships in general.<ref name="WHO2022" /> A diagnosis of dementia dey require de observation of a change from a person ein usual mental functioning den a greater cognitive decline dan wey fi be caused by de normal aging process.<ref name="Memory Loss">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=48HAK0HOF6cC&pg=PR10 |title=Memory loss: a practical guide for clinicians |vauthors=Budson A, Solomon P |publisher=Elsevier Saunders |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-4160-3597-8 |location=[Edinburgh?]}}</ref> Several diseases den injuries to de brain, such as a [[stroke]], fi give rise to dementia. However, de most common cause be [[Alzheimer's disease]], a neurodegenerative disorder.<ref name="WHO2022" /> Dementia be a neurocognitive disorder plus varying degrees of severity (mild to major) den chaw forms anaa subtypes.<ref name="ICD11A">{{cite web |title=ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics |url=https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f546689346 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180801205234/https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en%23/http://id.who.int/icd/entity/294762853#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f546689346 |archive-date=August 1, 2018 |access-date=January 20, 2022 |website=icd.who.int}}</ref> Dementia be an acquired brain syndrome, wey be marked by a decline insyd cognitive function, wey be contrasted plus neurodevelopmental disorders.<ref name="DementiaUK">{{Cite web |title=What is mixed dementia |url=https://www.dementiauk.org/understanding-dementia/types-and-symptoms/mixed-dementia/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101110234/https://www.dementiauk.org/understanding-dementia/types-and-symptoms/mixed-dementia/ |archive-date=November 1, 2020 |access-date=December 13, 2020 |website=[[Dementia UK]]}}</ref> Na e sanso be described as a spectrum of disorders plus subtypes of dementia based on wich known disorder cause ein development, such as [[Parkinson's disease]] for Parkinson's disease dementia, [[Huntington's disease]] for Huntington's disease dementia, vascular disease for vascular dementia, HIV infection wey dey cause HIV dementia, frontotemporal lobar degeneration for frontotemporal dementia, Lewy body disease for dementia with Lewy bodies, den prion diseases.<ref name="Wilson1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wilson H, Pagano G, Politis M |date=March 2019 |title=Dementia spectrum disorders: lessons learnt from decades with PET research |journal=J Neural Transm (Vienna) |volume=126 |issue=3 |pages=233–251 |doi=10.1007/s00702-019-01975-4 |pmc=6449308 |pmid=30762136}}</ref> Subtypes of neurodegenerative dementias sanso fi be based on de underlying pathology of misfolded proteins, such as synucleinopathies den tauopathies.<ref name="Wilson1" /> De coexistence of more dan one type of dementia be known as mixed dementia.<ref name="DementiaUK" /> Chaw neurocognitive disorders fi be caused by anoda medical condition anaa disorder, wey dey include brain tumours den subdural hematoma, endocrine disorders such as hypothyroidism den [[hypoglycemia]], nutritional deficiencies wey dey include thiamine den niacin, infections, immune disorders, liver anaa kidney failure, metabolic disorders such as Kufs disease, sam leukodystrophies, den neurological disorders such as [[epilepsy]] den [[multiple sclerosis]]. Sam of de neurocognitive deficits sam times fi show improvement plus treatment of de causative medical condition.<ref name="DSM5a">{{cite book |author=American Psychiatric Association |url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/641 |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 |date=2013 |publisher=American Psychiatric Association |isbn=978-0-89042-554-1 |edition=5th |location=Washington, DC |pages=[https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/591 591–603]}}</ref> Diagnosis of dementia usually be based on history of de illness den cognitive testing plus imaging. Dem fi take blood tests to rule out oda possible causes wey fi be reversible, such as hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid), wey dem fi use imaging to help determine de dementia subtype den exclude oda causes.<ref name="NIHa20222">{{cite web |title=The Dementias: Hope Through Research {{!}} National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke |url=https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/dementias?search-term=Vascular%20dementia |access-date=December 9, 2022 |website=ninds.nih.gov}}</ref> Although de greatest [[risk factor]] for developing dementia be aging, dementia no be a normal part of de aging process; chaw people aged 90 den above dey show no signs of dementia.<ref name="NIHa20222" /> Risk factors, diagnosis den caregiving practices be influenced by cultural den socio-environmental factors.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Vila-Castelar |first1=Clara |last2=Fox-Fuller |first2=Joshua T. |last3=Guzmán-Vélez |first3=Edmarie |last4=Schoemaker |first4=Dorothee |last5=Quiroz |first5=Yakeel T. |date=8 March 2022 |title=A cultural approach to dementia – insights from US Latino and other minoritized groups |journal=Nature Reviews Neurology |language=en |volume=18 |issue=5 |pages=307–314 |doi=10.1038/s41582-022-00630-z |issn=1759-4758 |pmc=9113534 |pmid=35260817}}</ref> Several risk factors for dementia, such as smoking den obesity, be preventable by lifestyle changes. Dem no see screening de general older population for de disorder to affect de outcome.<ref name="Lin2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lin JS, O'Connor E, Rossom RC, Perdue LA, Eckstrom E |date=November 2013 |title=Screening for cognitive impairment in older adults: A systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_annals-of-internal-medicine_2013-11-05_159_9/page/n44 |journal=Annals of Internal Medicine |volume=159 |issue=9 |pages=601–612 |doi=10.7326/0003-4819-159-9-201311050-00730 |pmid=24145578 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dementia currently be de seventh leading cause of death worldwide wey e get 10&nbsp;million new cases reported every year (approximately one every three seconds).<ref name="WHO2022" /> Der be no known cure for dementia.<ref name="browne">{{Cite journal |last1=Browne |first1=Bria |last2=Kupeli |first2=Nuriye |last3=Moore |first3=Kirsten J |last4=Sampson |first4=Elizabeth L |last5=Davies |first5=Nathan |date=2021-06-17 |title=Defining end of life in dementia: A systematic review |journal=Palliative Medicine |language=en |volume=35 |issue=10 |pages=1733–1746 |doi=10.1177/02692163211025457 |issn=0269-2163 |pmc=8637358 |pmid=34137314}}</ref> Dem often use acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil insyd sam dementia subtypes wey fi be beneficial in mild to moderate stages, buh de overall benefit fi be minor. Der be chaw measures wey fi improve de quality of life of a person plus dementia den dema caregivers. Cognitive den behavioral interventions fi be appropriate for treating de associated symptoms of depression.<ref name="Cochrane2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Orgeta V, Leung P, Del-Pino-Casado R, Qazi A, Orrell M, Spector AE, Methley AM |date=April 2022 |title=Psychological treatments for depression and anxiety in dementia and mild cognitive impairment |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2022 |issue=4 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD009125.pub3 |pmc=9035877 |pmid=35466396 |article-number=CD009125}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==Read further== * {{cite book |editor1-last=Husain |editor1-first=Masud |editor2-last=Schott |editor2-first=Jonathan M. |title=Oxford Textbook of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2016 |isbn=978-0-19-883108-2 |oclc=1081320148 |location=Oxford, England}} * {{cite book |last1=Lipton |first1=Anne M. |last2=Marshall |first2=Cindy D. |title=The Common Sense Guide to Dementia for Clinicians and Caregivers |url=https://archive.org/details/commonsenseguide0000lipt |publisher=Springer Publishing Company |year=2013 |isbn=978-1-4614-4162-5 |oclc=788253522 |location=New York}} * {{cite book |last1=Mace |first1=Nancy L. |last2=Rabins |first2=Peter V. |title=The 36-Hour Day |url=https://archive.org/details/36hourdayfamilyg0000mace_g2t1 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |year=2021 |edition=7th |isbn=978-1-4214-4170-2 |oclc=1260687360 |location=Baltimore, Maryland}} *{{cite book |last1=Rahman |first1=Shibley |last2=Howard |first2=Robert |title=Essentials of Dementia |publisher=Jessica Kingsley Publishers |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-78450-754-1 |oclc=1019658233 |location=London, England}} *{{cite book |editor-last=Menacer |editor-first=Liz |title=Eating Well with Dementia |publisher=Alzheimer's Society |year=2009 |location=London, England}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q83030|c=Category:Dementia|n=no|b=no|q=no|v=Dementia|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://www.alz.org Alzheimer's Association] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170729192300/https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers National Institute on Aging – Alzheimer's disease] {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected = neurological}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Aging-associated diseases]] [[Category:Cognitive disorders]] [[Category:Dementia| ]] [[Category:Learning disabilities]] [[Category:Mental disorders secof brain damage]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] jbfm2u0yaa403o0trdzq30v5ve3cgsg 0 22708 112354 82673 2026-09-24T17:39:02Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112354 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sarcoidosis''', dem sanso know as '''Besnier–Boeck–Schaumann disease''', be a non-infectious granulomatous disease wey dey involve abnormal collections of inflammatory cells wey dey form lump dem know as granulomata.<ref name="NIH2013What3">{{cite web |date=June 14, 2013 |title=What Is Sarcoidosis? |url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sarc |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406004249/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sarc |archive-date=6 April 2016 |access-date=28 March 2016 |website=NHLBI}}</ref> De disease usually dey begin insyd de lungs, skin, anaa lymph nodes.<ref name="NIH2013What3" /> Less commonly affected be de eyes, liver, heart, den brain, though any organ fi be affected.<ref name="NIH2013What3" /> De signs den symptoms dey depend on de organ involved.<ref name="NIH2013What3" /> Often, no symptoms anaa mild symptoms per be seen.<ref name="NIH2013What3" /> Wen e affect de lungs, wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, anaa chest pain fi occur.<ref name="NIH2013Sym">{{cite web |date=June 14, 2013 |title=What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Sarcoidosis? |url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sarc/signs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407101632/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sarc/signs |archive-date=7 April 2016 |access-date=29 March 2016 |website=NHLBI}}</ref> Sam fi get Löfgren syndrome, plus fever, enlarged hilar lymph nodes, arthritis, den a rash dem know as erythema nodosum.<ref name="NIH2013What3" /> De cause of sarcoidosis be unknown.<ref name="NIH2013What3" /> Sam believe e fi be secof an immune reaction to a trigger such as an infection anaa chemicals insyd those wey be genetically predisposed.<ref name="Bau2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Baughman RP, Culver DA, Judson MA |date=March 2011 |title=A concise review of pulmonary sarcoidosis |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-respiratory-critical-care-medicine_2011-03-01_183_5/page/573 |journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine |volume=183 |issue=5 |pages=573–81 |doi=10.1164/rccm.201006-0865CI |pmc=3081278 |pmid=21037016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=June 14, 2013 |title=What Causes Sarcoidosis? |url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sarc/causes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406004424/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sarc/causes |archive-date=6 April 2016 |access-date=28 March 2016 |website=NHLBI}}</ref> Those plus affected family members be at greater risk.<ref name="NIH2013Risk2">{{cite web |date=June 14, 2013 |title=Who Is at Risk for Sarcoidosis? |url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sarc/atrisk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160407101620/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sarc/atrisk |archive-date=7 April 2016 |access-date=28 March 2016 |publisher=NHLBI}}</ref> Diagnosis partly be based on signs den symptoms, wich fi be supported by biopsy.<ref name="Gov20153">{{cite journal |vauthors=Govender P, Berman JS |date=December 2015 |title=The Diagnosis of Sarcoidosis |journal=Clinics in Chest Medicine |volume=36 |issue=4 |pages=585–602 |doi=10.1016/j.ccm.2015.08.003 |pmid=26593135}}</ref> Findings wey dey make am likely dey include large lymph nodes at de root of de lung on both sides, high blood calcium plus a normal parathyroid hormone level, anaa elevated levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme insyd de blood.<ref name="Gov20153" /> Dem for make de diagnosis only after dem exclude oda possible causes of similar symptoms such as [[tuberculosis]].<ref name="Gov20153" /> Sarcoidosis fi resolve widout any treatment within a few years.<ref name="NIH2013What3" /><ref name="Wj20153">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wijsenbeek MS, Culver DA |date=December 2015 |title=Treatment of Sarcoidosis |journal=Clinics in Chest Medicine |volume=36 |issue=4 |pages=751–67 |doi=10.1016/j.ccm.2015.08.015 |pmid=26593147}}</ref> However, sam people fi get long-term anaa severe disease.<ref name="Wj20153" /> Sam symptoms fi be improved plus de use of anti-inflammatory drugs such as [[ibuprofen]].<ref name="Dr2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Drent M, Cremers JP, Jansen TL |date=May 2014 |title=Pulmonology meets rheumatology in sarcoidosis: a review on the therapeutic approach |journal=Current Opinion in Rheumatology |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=276–84 |doi=10.1097/bor.0000000000000052 |pmid=24614277 |s2cid=24353355}}</ref> Insyd cases wer de condition dey cause significant health problems, steroids such as prednisone be indicated.<ref name="Jud20163">{{cite journal |vauthors=Judson MA |date=February 2016 |title=Corticosteroids in Sarcoidosis |journal=Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=119–35, ix |doi=10.1016/j.rdc.2015.08.012 |pmid=26611555}}</ref> Medications such as methotrexate, chloroquine, anaa azathioprine occasionally fi be used in an effort to decrease de side effects of steroids.<ref name="Jud20163" /> De risk of death be 1–7%.<ref name="Wj20153" /> De chance of de disease returning insyd sam bro wey na dem previously get am be less dan 5%.<ref name="NIH2013What3" /> Insyd 2015, na pulmonary sarcoidosis den interstitial lung disease affect 1.9 million people globally wey na e result in 122,000 deaths.<ref name="GBD2015Pre">{{cite journal |last1=Vos |first1=Theo |last2=Allen |first2=Christine |last3=Arora |first3=Megha |last4=Barber |first4=Ryan M. |last5=Bhutta |first5=Zulfiqar A. |last6=Brown |first6=Alexandria |last7=Carter |first7=Austin |last8=Casey |first8=Daniel C. |last9=Charlson |first9=Fiona J. |last10=Chen |first10=Alan Z. |last11=Coggeshall |first11=Megan |last12=Cornaby |first12=Leslie |last13=Dandona |first13=Lalit |last14=Dicker |first14=Daniel J. |last15=Dilegge |first15=Tina |display-authors=1 |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1545–1602 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 |pmc=5055577 |pmid=27733282 |last16=Erskine |first16=Holly E. |last17=Ferrari |first17=Alize J. |last18=Fitzmaurice |first18=Christina |last19=Fleming |first19=Tom |last20=Forouzanfar |first20=Mohammad H. |last21=Fullman |first21=Nancy |last22=Gething |first22=Peter W. |last23=Goldberg |first23=Ellen M. |last24=Graetz |first24=Nicholas |last25=Haagsma |first25=Juanita A. |last26=Hay |first26=Simon I. |last27=Johnson |first27=Catherine O. |last28=Kassebaum |first28=Nicholas J. |last29=Kawashima |first29=Toana |last30=Kemmer |first30=Laura}}</ref><ref name="GBD2015De">{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Haidong |last2=Naghavi |first2=Mohsen |last3=Allen |first3=Christine |last4=Barber |first4=Ryan M. |last5=Bhutta |first5=Zulfiqar A. |last6=Carter |first6=Austin |last7=Casey |first7=Daniel C. |last8=Charlson |first8=Fiona J. |last9=Chen |first9=Alan Zian |last10=Coates |first10=Matthew M. |last11=Coggeshall |first11=Megan |last12=Dandona |first12=Lalit |last13=Dicker |first13=Daniel J. |last14=Erskine |first14=Holly E. |last15=Ferrari |first15=Alize J. |display-authors=1 |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1459–1544 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1 |pmc=5388903 |pmid=27733281 |last16=Fitzmaurice |first16=Christina |last17=Foreman |first17=Kyle |last18=Forouzanfar |first18=Mohammad H. |last19=Fraser |first19=Maya S. |last20=Fullman |first20=Nancy |last21=Gething |first21=Peter W. |last22=Goldberg |first22=Ellen M. |last23=Graetz |first23=Nicholas |last24=Haagsma |first24=Juanita A. |last25=Hay |first25=Simon I. |last26=Huynh |first26=Chantal |last27=Johnson |first27=Catherine O. |last28=Kassebaum |first28=Nicholas J. |last29=Kinfu |first29=Yohannes |last30=Kulikoff |first30=Xie Rachel}}</ref> E be most common insyd Scandinavians, buh dey occur insyd all parts of de world.<ref name="Kob2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kobak S |date=October 2015 |title=Sarcoidosis: a rheumatologist's perspective |journal=Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease |volume=7 |issue=5 |pages=196–205 |doi=10.1177/1759720x15591310 |pmc=4572362 |pmid=26425148}}</ref> Insyd de [[United States]], risk be greater among black dan white people.<ref name="Kob2015" /> E usually dey begin between de ages of 20 den 50.<ref name="NIH2013Risk2" /> E dey occur more often insyd women dan men.<ref name="NIH2013Risk2" /> Na de English doctor Jonathan Hutchinson first describe sarcoidosis insyd 1877 as a non-painful skin disease.<ref name="hutch">{{cite journal |vauthors=James DG, Sharma OP |date=September 2002 |title=From Hutchinson to now: a historical glimpse |url=http://www.ildcare.eu/Downloads/artseninfo/History_of_sarcoidosis.pdf |url-status=live |journal=Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine |volume=8 |issue=5 |pages=416–23 |doi=10.1097/00063198-200209000-00013 |pmid=12172446 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304204934/http://www.ildcare.eu/Downloads/artseninfo/History_of_sarcoidosis.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-04}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.sarcoidosisuk.org/information-hub/ Sarcoidosis UK Information Hub] * {{cite book |vauthors=Iannuzzi MC, Sah BP |date=March 2008 |title=Sarcoidosis: Interstitial Lung Diseases |url=http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/lung_and_airway_disorders/interstitial_lung_diseases/sarcoidosis.html | publisher=The Merck Manual Home Edition (Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp) |access-date=19 February 2014}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Ailments of unknown cause]] [[Category:Lung disorders]] [[Category:Abdominal pain]] [[Category:Monocyte- den macrophage-related cutaneous conditions]] [[Category:Steroid-responsive inflammatory conditions]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 4l92vh8brx8x581f64ins5hs214n4vi 0 22712 112328 97573 2026-09-24T16:57:05Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112328 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Marfan syndrome''' ('''MFS''') be a multi-systemic genetic disorder wey dey affect de connective tissue.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Loeys BL, Dietz HC, Braverman AC, Callewaert BL, De Backer J, Devereux RB, Hilhorst-Hofstee Y, Jondeau G, Faivre L, Milewicz DM, Pyeritz RE, Sponseller PD, Wordsworth P, De Paepe AM | display-authors = 6 | title = The revised Ghent nosology for the Marfan syndrome | journal = Journal of Medical Genetics | volume = 47 | issue = 7 | pages = 476–485 | date = July 2010 | pmid = 20591885 | doi = 10.1136/jmg.2009.072785 | s2cid = 13895128 | hdl = 1854/LU-1013955 | url = https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/1013955 | hdl-access = free | access-date = 2016-01-10 | archive-date = 2017-08-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170829014454/https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/1013955 | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Nistri S, De Cario R, Sticchi E, Spaziani G, Della Monica M, Giglio S, Favilli S, Giusti B, Stefano P, Pepe G | display-authors = 6 | title = Differential Diagnosis between Marfan Syndrome and Loeys-Dietz Syndrome Type 4: A Novel Chromosomal Deletion Covering TGFB2 | journal = Genes | volume = 12 | issue = 10 | page = 1462 | date = September 2021 | pmid = 34680857 | pmc = 8536070 | doi = 10.3390/genes12101462 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="NIH2010What">{{cite web|title=What Is Marfan Syndrome? |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/marfan-syndrome|website=NHLBI, NIH|access-date=16 May 2016|date=October 1, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506150850/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/mar|archive-date=6 May 2016}}</ref> People plus de condition often be tall den thin, plus long arms, legs, fingers, den toes.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Dem sanso typically get exceptionally flexible joints den abnormally curved spines.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> De most serious complications dey involve de heart den aorta, plus an increased risk of mitral valve prolapse den aortic aneurysm.<ref name="NIH2010What" /><ref>{{cite web |date=October 1, 2010 |title=What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Marfan Syndrome? |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/marfan-syndrome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611000255/https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/mar/signs |archive-date=11 June 2016 |access-date=16 May 2016 |website=NHLBI, NIH}}</ref> De lungs, eyes, bones, den de covering of de spinal cord sanso be commonly affected.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> De severity of de symptoms be variable.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> MFS be caused by a mutation insyd ''FBN1'', one of de genes wey dey make fibrillin, wich dey result in abnormal connective tissue.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> E be an autosomal dominant disorder.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Insyd about 75% of cases, e be inherited from a parent plus de condition, while insyd about 25% e be a new mutation.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Diagnosis often be based on de Ghent criteria,<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Loeys BL, Dietz HC, Braverman AC, Callewaert BL, De Backer J, Devereux RB, Hilhorst-Hofstee Y, Jondeau G, Faivre L, Milewicz DM, Pyeritz RE, Sponseller PD, Wordsworth P, De Paepe AM |date=2010 |title=The revised Ghent nosology for the Marfan syndrome |url=https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/1013955 |journal=Journal of Medical Genetics |volume=47 |issue=7 |pages=476–485 |doi=10.1136/jmg.2009.072785 |hdl=1854/LU-1013955 |pmid=20591885 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> family history den genetic testing (DNA analysis).<ref name="NIH2010Diag">{{cite web |date=October 1, 2010 |title=How Is Marfan Syndrome Diagnosed? |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/marfan-syndrome/diagnosis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927065314/https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/marfan-syndrome/diagnosis |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=16 May 2016 |website=NHLBI, NIH}}</ref><ref name="NORD2017">{{cite web |date=2017 |title=Marfan Syndrome |url=http://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/marfan-syndrome/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112111640/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/marfan-syndrome/ |archive-date=12 November 2019 |access-date=5 November 2016 |website=National Organization for Rare Disorders}}</ref><ref name="pmid37443678">{{cite journal |vauthors=Marelli S, Micaglio E, Taurino J, Salvi P, Rurali E, Perrucci GL, Dolci C, Udugampolage NS, Caruso R, Gentilini D, Trifiro' G, Callus E, Frigiola A, De Vincentiis C, Pappone C, Parati G, Pini A |date=July 2023 |title=Marfan Syndrome: Enhanced Diagnostic Tools and Follow-up Management Strategies |url= |journal=Diagnostics |volume=13 |issue=13 |page=2284 |doi=10.3390/diagnostics13132284 |pmc=10340634 |pmid=37443678 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Der be no known cure for MFS.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Chaw of those plus de disorder get a normal life expectancy plus proper treatment.<ref name="NIH2010What" /> Management often dey include de use of beta blockers such as propranolol anaa atenolol, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, den/anaa angiotensin receptor blockers ("ARBs").<ref name="NORD2017" /><ref name="NIH2010Tx">{{cite web |date=October 1, 2010 |title=How Is Marfan Syndrome Treated? |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/marfan-syndrome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611003149/https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/mar/treatment |archive-date=11 June 2016 |access-date=16 May 2016 |website=NHLBI, NIH}}</ref> Surgery fi be required to repair de aorta anaa replace a heart valve.<ref name="NIH2010Tx" /> Avoiding strenuous exercise be recommended for those plus de condition.<ref name="NORD2017" /> About 1 insyd 5,000 to 1 insyd 10,000 people get MFS.<ref name="NORD2017" /><ref name="PMID18506019">{{cite journal |vauthors=Keane MG, Pyeritz RE |date=May 2008 |title=Medical management of Marfan syndrome |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_circulation_2008-05-27_117_21/page/2802 |journal=Circulation |volume=117 |issue=21 |pages=2802–2813 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.693523 |pmid=18506019 |quote=estimated prevalence of 1 case per 3000 to 5000 individuals |doi-access=free}}</ref> Rates of de condition be similar insyd different regions of de world.<ref name="PMID18506019" /> Dem name am after French pediatrician Antoine Marfan, wey first describe am insyd 1896.<ref name="Marfan1896">{{cite journal |author=Marfan, Antoine |year=1896 |title=Un cas de déformation congénitale des quartre membres, plus prononcée aux extrémitiés, caractérisée par l'allongement des os avec un certain degré d'amincissement [A case of congenital deformation of the four limbs, more pronounced at the extremities, characterized by elongation of the bones with some degree of thinning] |journal=Bulletins et Mémoires de la Société Médicale des Hôpitaux de Paris |language=fr |volume=13 |issue=3rd series |pages=220–226 |oclc=493643386 |id=NAID 10014879958}}</ref><ref name="AntoineBernardJean">{{cite web |title=Antoine Bernard-Jean Marfan |url=http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/972.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308084456/http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/972.html |archive-date=8 March 2016 |access-date=16 May 2016 |website=Whonamedit?}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{commons}} * [http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=558 Orphanet's disease page on Marfan syndrome] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Marfan syndrome]] [[Category:Rare genetic syndromes]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Diseases dem name after discoverers]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 7tnx5r7eidtidmvjh97jc9dvvjyp7dz 0 22732 112366 97200 2026-09-24T18:00:00Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112366 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ankylosing spondylitis''' ('''AS''') be a type of [[arthritis]] from de disease spectrum of axial spondyloarthritis.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ivanova |first1=Mariana |last2=Zimba |first2=Olena |last3=Dimitrov |first3=Ivan |last4=Angelov |first4=Alexander K. |last5=Georgiev |first5=Tsvetoslav |date=2024-09-01 |title=Axial Spondyloarthritis: an overview of the disease |url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00296-024-05601-9 |journal=Rheumatology International |language=en |volume=44 |issue=9 |pages=1607–1619 |doi=10.1007/s00296-024-05601-9 |pmid=38689098 |issn=1437-160X|url-access=subscription }}</ref> De term dey cam from de Greek ''ankylos'' wey dey mean crooked, curved anaa rounded, ''spondylos'' wey dey mean vertebra, den ''-itis'' wey dey mean inflammation.<ref name="NIH2016" /> E be characterized by long-term inflammation of de joints of de spine, typically wer de spine dey join de pelvis.<ref name="NIH2016">{{cite web|title=Questions and Answers about Ankylosing Spondylitis|url=https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/ankylosing-spondylitis|website=NIAMS|access-date=28 September 2016|date=June 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160928175058/http://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/ankylosing_spondylitis/|archive-date=28 September 2016}}</ref> Lower back pain be a hallmark, buh eye den gastrointestinal problems den arthritis of oda joints sanso fi occur.<ref name="NIH2016" /> Joint mobility insyd de affected areas often dey worsen over time, though de progression of symptoms dey vary significantly.<ref name="NIH2016" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Ankylosing spondylitis|url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/9518/ankylosing-spondylitis|website=GARD|access-date=28 September 2016|date=9 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002084025/https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/9518/ankylosing-spondylitis|archive-date=2 October 2016}}</ref> Ankylosing spondylitis be believed to involve a combination of genetic den environmental factors.<ref name="NIH2016"/> More dan 90% of people e affect insyd de [[United Kingdom|UK]] get a specific human leukocyte antigen dem know as de HLA-B27 antigen, though de genetic correlation dey vary across populations (e.g., only 70% of AS patients insyd [[Turkey]] be HLA-B27 positive).<ref name="The ramifications of HLA-B27">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sheehan NJ | title = The ramifications of HLA-B27 | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_royal-society-of-medicine-great-britain-journal_2004-01_97_1/page/10 | journal = Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine | volume = 97 | issue = 1 | pages = 10–4 | date = January 2004 | pmid = 14702356 | pmc = 1079257 | doi = 10.1177/014107680409700102 }}</ref><ref name = TK_positivity>{{cite journal | journal = European Journal of Rheumatology | volume = 25 | issue = 4 | pages = 268-271 | doi = 10.5152/eurjrheum.2017.17015 | date = 25 October 2017 | title = Low frequency of HLA-B27 in ankylosing spondylitis and its relationship with clinical findings in patients from Turkey | first1 = Sevde Nur | last1 = Fırat | first2 = Ayten | last2 = Yazıcı | first3 = Barış | last3 = Yılmazer | first4 = Fulya | last4 = Coşan | first5 = Hakan | last5 = Savlı |first6 = Ayşe |last6 = Cefle | pmc = 5741340 | pmid = 29308282 | url = https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5741340 | access-date = 4 November 2025}}</ref> De underlying mechanism be believed to be [[autoimmune disease|autoimmune]] anaa autoinflammatory.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Smith JA | s2cid = 24623808 | title = Update on ankylosing spondylitis: current concepts in pathogenesis | journal = Current Allergy and Asthma Reports | volume = 15 | issue = 1 | article-number = 489 | date = January 2015 | pmid = 25447326 | doi = 10.1007/s11882-014-0489-6 }}</ref> Diagnosis be based on symptoms plus support from medical imaging den blood tests.<ref name="NIH2016" /> AS be a type of seronegative spondyloarthropathy, wey dey mean say tests dey show no presence of rheumatoid factor (RF) antibodies.<ref name="NIH2016" /> Der be currently no cure give AS. Treatments fi include medication, physical therapy, den surgery. Medication therapy dey focus on relieving de pain den oda symptoms of AS, as well as stopping disease progression by counteracting long-term inflammatory processes. Commonly medications dem use include NSAIDs, TNF inhibitors, IL-17 antagonists, den DMARDs. Glucocorticoid injections often be used for acute den localized flare-ups.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last1=Ward |first1=Michael M. |last2=Deodhar |first2=Atul |last3=Gensler |first3=Lianne S. |last4=Dubreuil |first4=Maureen |last5=Yu |first5=David |last6=Khan |first6=Muhammad Asim |last7=Haroon |first7=Nigil |last8=Borenstein |first8=David |last9=Wang |first9=Runsheng |last10=Biehl |first10=Ann |last11=Fang |first11=Meika A. |last12=Louie |first12=Grant |last13=Majithia |first13=Vikas |last14=Ng |first14=Bernard |last15=Bigham |first15=Rosemary |date=October 2019 |title=2019 Update of the American College of Rheumatology/Spondylitis Association of America/Spondyloarthritis Research and Treatment Network Recommendations for the Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis |journal=Arthritis & Rheumatology |volume=71 |issue=10 |pages=1599–1613 |doi=10.1002/art.41042 |issn=2326-5191 |pmc=6764882 |pmid=31436036}}</ref> About 0.1% to 0.8% of de population be affected, plus onset typically dey occur insyd young adults.<ref name="NIH2016" /><ref name="Kh2009">{{cite book| vauthors = Khan MA |title=Ankylosing Spondylitis|date=2009|publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-536807-9 |page=15 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZFZnDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT27|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908183556/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZFZnDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT27|archive-date=8 September 2017}}</ref> While men den women equally be affected plus AS, women be more likely to experience inflammation rather dan fusion.<ref>{{Cite web |date=|title=Facts and Figures|url=http://nass.co.uk/about-as/as-facts-and-figures/|access-date=2021-01-27|website=National Axial Spondyloarthritis Society|language=en}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/ankylosing-spondylitis Questions and Answers about Ankylosing Spondylitis]&nbsp;- US National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ankylosing Spondylitis}} [[Category:Ankylosing spondylitis| ]] [[Category:Arthritis]] [[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] [[Category:Rheumatology]] [[Category:Diseases dem name after discoverers]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 4upe7g86wwuk6e5au32utxnc4f7ijja 0 22734 112386 110624 2026-09-24T18:30:14Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112386 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Amitriptyline''', dem sell under de brand name '''Elavil''' among odas, be a tricyclic antidepressant dem primarily use to treat [[major depressive disorder]], den a variety of pain syndromes such as neuropathic pain, [[fibromyalgia]], migraine den tension headaches.<ref name="EMC">{{cite web |date=24 March 2013 |title=Amitriptyline Tablets BP 50mg – Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) |url=http://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/23738/SPC/Amitriptyline+Tablets+BP+50mg/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203015148/http://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/23738/SPC/Amitriptyline+Tablets+BP+50mg/ |archive-date=3 December 2013 |access-date=1 December 2013 |work=electronic Medicines Compendium |publisher=Actavis UK Ltd.}}</ref> Secof de frequency den prominence of side effects, amitriptyline be generally considered a second-line therapy for dese indications.<ref name="Hitchings_2015">{{cite book |title=Top 100 drugs: clinical pharmacology and practical prescribing |url=https://archive.org/details/top100drugsclini0000hitc |vauthors=Hitchings A, Lonsdale D, Burrage D, Baker E |date=2015 |publisher=Churchill Livingstone |isbn=978-0-7020-5516-4 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/top100drugsclini0000hitc/page/50 50]}}</ref><ref name="Alam_2020">{{cite journal |vauthors=Alam U, Sloan G, Tesfaye S |date=March 2020 |title=Treating Pain in Diabetic Neuropathy: Current and Developmental Drugs |journal=Drugs |volume=80 |issue=4 |pages=363–384 |doi=10.1007/s40265-020-01259-2 |pmid=32040849 |s2cid=211074023}}</ref><ref name="Macfarlane_2017">{{cite journal |vauthors=Macfarlane GJ, Kronisch C, Dean LE, Atzeni F, Häuser W, Fluß E, Choy E, Kosek E, Amris K, Branco J, Dincer F, Leino-Arjas P, Longley K, McCarthy GM, Makri S, Perrot S, Sarzi-Puttini P, Taylor A, Jones GT |date=February 2017 |title=EULAR revised recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia |journal=Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases |volume=76 |issue=2 |pages=318–328 |doi=10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209724 |hdl=2164/8814 |pmid=27377815 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Silberstein_2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Silberstein SD, Holland S, Freitag F, Dodick DW, Argoff C, Ashman E |date=April 2012 |title=Evidence-based guideline update: pharmacologic treatment for episodic migraine prevention in adults: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurology_2012-04-24_78_17/page/1337 |journal=Neurology |volume=78 |issue=17 |pages=1337–1345 |doi=10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182535d20 |pmc=3335452 |pmid=22529202}}</ref> De most common side effects be dry mouth, drowsiness, dizziness, constipation, den weight gain. Glaucoma, liver toxicity den abnormal heart rhythms be rare buh serious side effects. Blood levels of amitriptyline de vary significantly from one person to anoda,<ref name="pmid28405886">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tfelt-Hansen P, Ågesen FN, Pavbro A, Tfelt-Hansen J |date=May 2017 |title=Pharmacokinetic Variability of Drugs Used for Prophylactic Treatment of Migraine |journal=CNS Drugs |volume=31 |issue=5 |pages=389–403 |doi=10.1007/s40263-017-0430-3 |pmid=28405886 |s2cid=23560743}}</ref> den amitriptyline interacts plus chaw oda medications potentially dey aggravate ein side effects. Na dem discover amitriptyline insyd de late 1950s by scientists at Merck wey dem approve by de US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) insyd 1961.<ref name="Half a century of antidepressant dr">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fangmann P, Assion HJ, Juckel G, González CA, López-Muñoz F |date=February 2008 |title=Half a century of antidepressant drugs: on the clinical introduction of monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclics, and tetracyclics. Part II: tricyclics and tetracyclics |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychopharmacology_2008-02_28_1/page/n12 |journal=Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1097/jcp.0b013e3181627b60 |pmid=18204333 |s2cid=31018835}}</ref> E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="World_Health_Organization_2023">{{cite book |author-link=World Health Organization |title=The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023) |vauthors=((World Health Organization)) |publisher=World Health Organization |year=2023 |location=Geneva |hdl=10665/371090 |id=WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> E be available as a generic medication.<ref name="AHFS2014">{{cite web |title=Amitriptyline Hydrochloride |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/amitriptyline-hydrochloride.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924185142/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/amitriptyline-hydrochloride.html |archive-date=24 September 2014 |access-date=25 September 2014 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}</ref> Insyd 2023, na e be de 90th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 7{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.<ref name="Top300Drugs">{{cite web |title=Top 300 of 2023 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |archive-date=12 August 2025 |access-date=12 August 2025 |website=ClinCalc}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Amitriptyline Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2023 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Amitriptyline |access-date=18 August 2025 |website=ClinCalc}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite book | vauthors = Dean L | veditors = Pratt VM, McLeod HL, Rubinstein WS, Scott SA, Dean LC, Kattman BL, Malheiro AJ | chapter = Amitriptyline Therapy and CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 Genotype | title = Medical Genetics Summaries | date = March 2017 | pmid = 28520380 | chapter-url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK425165/ | display-editors = 6 | publisher = [[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] (NCBI) | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK61999/ }} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q58397|c=Category:Amitriptyline|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} [[Category:Alpha-1 blockers]] [[Category:Alpha-2 blockers]] [[Category:Dibenzocycloheptenes]] [[Category:Dimethylamino compounds]] [[Category:Dopamine antagonists]] [[Category:H1 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M1 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M2 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M3 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M4 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M5 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Orphan drugs]] [[Category:Serotonin receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Sigma agonists]] [[Category:Sodium channel blockers]] [[Category:Tricyclic antidepressants]] [[Category:TrkB agonists]] [[Category:World Health Organization essential medicines]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] imffecceuh1dyntkm79z77iywp23uky 0 22757 112528 82799 2026-09-25T02:05:23Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112528 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Neurosis''' (<abbr>pl.</abbr> '''neuroses''') be a term dem mainly use today by followers of Freudian psychoanalytic theory to describe [[Mental disorder|mental disorders]] wey be caused by past anxiety, often anxieties wey undergo repression. Insyd recent history, na dem use de term to refer to anxiety-related conditions more generally. Dem no longer dey use de term "neurosis" insyd psychological disorder names anaa categories by de [[World Health Organization]] ein ''International Classification of Diseases'' (ICD) anaa de American Psychiatric Association ein ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' (DSM). According to de ''American Heritage Medical Dictionary'' of 2007, de term be "no longer used in psychiatric diagnosis".<ref name="ahmd">{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=neurosis|entry=Neurosis|title=The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers|year=2022|isbn=978-0-618-82435-9}}</ref> Neurosis be distinguished from ''[[psychosis]]'', wich dey refer to a loss of touch plus reality. Ein descendant term, ''neuroticism'', dey refer to a personality trait of being prone to anxiousness den mental collapse. De term "neuroticism" sanso no longer be used for DSM anaa ICD conditions; however, e be a common name for one of de Big Five personality traits. Dem include a similar concept insyd de ICD-11 as de condition "negative affectivity". == References == <references /> == External links == {{Wikiquote}} {{Library resources box|by=no|onlinebooks=no|about=yes|wikititle=neurosis}} * {{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123194849/http://www.continuum-concept.org/reading/neurosis.html |vauthors=Janov A |title=Neurosis |year=1991 |access-date=2009-04-21 |author-link=Arthur Janov |archive-date=2020-11-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123194849/https://web.archive.org/web/20201123194849/http://www.continuum-concept.org/reading/neurosis.html |url-status=dead }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Psychoanalytic theory]] [[Category:Stress-related disorders]] [[Category:Psychopathological syndromes]] kh6gc63ushbu1kpnepje3wni69ahrwy 0 22760 112467 82812 2026-09-25T00:29:56Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 3 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112467 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chronic wasting disease''' ('''CWD'''), dem sam times call '''zombie deer disease''', be a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) wey dey affect deer. TSEs be a family of diseases wey misfolded proteins dem call prions cause den dey include similar diseases such as mad cow disease insyd cattle, [[Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease]] insyd humans, den scrapie insyd sheep.<ref name=cwdfacts>{{cite web |url=https://www.aphis.usda.gov/nvap/reference-guide/control-eradication/cwd |title=Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) |publisher=USDA |agency=APHIS |date=2020-06-02 |access-date=2023-12-27}}</ref> Natural infection wey dey cause CWD dey affect members of de deer family. Insyd de [[United States]], CWD dey affect mule deer, white-tailed deer, red deer, sika deer, elk, antelope, caribou, den moose.<ref name="USDA3">{{cite conference|author=Patrice N Klein, CWD Program Manager USDA/APHIS|url=http://www.fws.gov/whhcc/doc/CWD%20Overview.pdf|title=Chronic Wasting Disease - Review of Disease Transmission and Control|conference=WHHCC Meeting|date=5–6 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140926165354/https://www.fws.gov/whhcc/doc/CWD%20Overview.pdf|archive-date=26 September 2014}}</ref> Na de transmission of CWD to oda species such as squirrel monkeys den humanized mice be observed insyd experimental settings.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-12-03 |title=Transmission {{!}} Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) {{!}} Prion Disease {{!}} CDC |url=https://www.cdc.gov/prions/cwd/transmission.html |access-date=2019-02-21 |website=www.cdc.gov}}</ref> Insyd 1967, na dem first identify CWD insyd mule deer at a government research facility insyd northern Colorado, [[United States]].<ref name="USDA3" /> Na dem initially recognize am as a clinical "wasting" syndrome den then insyd 1978, na dem identify am more specifically as a TSE disease. Since then, na dem find CWD insyd free-ranging den captive animal populations insyd 33 US states den five Canadian provinces.<ref name="NWHC">{{cite web |date=2022-04-01 |title=Distribution of Chronic Wasting Disease in North America |url=https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/distribution-chronic-wasting-disease-north-america-0 |access-date=2022-08-29 |website=USGS.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 July 2014 |title=Chronic wasting disease {{!}} ontario.ca |url=https://www.ontario.ca/page/chronic-wasting-disease |access-date=2025-02-13 |website=www.ontario.ca |language=en}}</ref> In addition, na dem find CWD insyd one Minnesota red deer farm, one wild reindeer herd insyd Norway (March 2016) as well as insyd wild moose. Na dem find single cases of CWD insyd moose insyd [[Finland]] (March 2018) den insyd Sweden (March den May 2019, September 2020). Na dem find CWD insyd South Korea insyd sam deer imported from [[Canada]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-02-25 |title=Occurrence {{!}} Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) {{!}} Prion Disease {{!}} CDC |url=https://www.cdc.gov/prions/cwd/occurrence.html |access-date=2019-03-05 |website=www.cdc.gov |language=en-us}}</ref> CWD be typified by chronic weight loss den clinical signs compatible plus brain lesions, aggravated over time, always dey lead to death. Although na dem make reports insyd de popular press of humans being affected by CWD, na a 2004 study for de Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conclude say "more epidemiologic and laboratory studies are needed to monitor the possibility of such transmissions".<ref name="human">{{cite journal |vauthors=Belay ED, Maddox RA, Williams ES, Miller MW, Gambetti P, Schonberger LB |date=June 2004 |title=Chronic Wasting Disease and Potential Transmission to Humans |journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases |volume=10 |issue=6 |pages=977–984 |doi=10.3201/eid1006.031082 |pmc=3323184 |pmid=15207045}}</ref> Na a 2019 study add say "the potential exists for transmission to humans and subsequent human disease".<ref name="osterholm">{{cite journal |last1=Osterholm |first1=Michael T. |last2=Anderson |first2=Cory J. |last3=Zabel |first3=Mark D. |last4=Scheftel |first4=Joni M. |last5=Moore |first5=Kristine A. |last6=Appleby |first6=Brian S. |date=2019-08-27 |title=Chronic Wasting Disease in Cervids: Implications for Prion Transmission to Humans and Other Animal Species |journal=mBio |publisher=American Society for Microbiology |volume=10 |issue=4 |doi=10.1128/mBio.01091-19 |issn=2161-2129 |pmc=6650550 |pmid=31337719 |article-number=e01091-19}}</ref> Na de epidemiological study further conclud, "as a precaution, hunters should avoid eating deer and elk tissues known to harbor the CWD agent (e.g., brain, spinal cord, eyes, spleen, tonsils, lymph nodes) from areas where CWD has been identified".<ref name="human" /> Insyd April 2024, na dem reveal say na two men from de same hunting group contract Creutzfeldt–Jakob, wey prompt medical researchers to speculate na transmission occur from consuming CWD-positive venison.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Trout |first1=Jonathan |last2=Roberts |first2=Matthew |last3=Tabet |first3=Michel |last4=Kotkowski |first4=Eithan |last5=Horn |first5=Sarah |date=2024-04-09 |title=Two Hunters from the Same Lodge Afflicted with Sporadic CJD: Is Chronic Wasting Disease to Blame? (P7-13.002) |url=https://www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/WNL.0000000000204407 |journal=Neurology |language=en |volume=102 |issue=17_supplement_1 |doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000204407 |issn=0028-3878 |url-access=subscription |article-number=216}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{commons}} * This entry incorporates public domain text originally at [https://web.archive.org/web/20030811133455/http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/nahps/cwd/ What is chronic wasting disease?] Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service * [http://www.cwd-info.org/ Chronic Wasting Disease Alliance] * [https://www.cdc.gov/chronic-wasting/about About Chronic wasting disease (CWD)] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention * [http://www.inspection.gc.ca/animals/terrestrial-animals/diseases/reportable/cwd/eng/1330143462380/1330143991594 Chronic wasting disease (CWD) of deer and elk]. Canadian Food Inspection Agency * {{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205131656/http://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/disease_information/chronic_wasting_disease/index.jsp |title=Chronic wasting disease (CWD) |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey|USGS]] [[National Wildlife Health Center]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070205131656/http://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/disease_information/chronic_wasting_disease/index.jsp |archive-date=5 February 2007}} * [http://cpw.state.co.us/learn/Pages/ResearchCWD.aspx CWD information & testing]. Colorado Parks and Wildlife. * {{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313094122/https://www.dnr.illinois.gov/programs/CWD/Pages/default.aspx |title=Chronic wasting disease |publisher=[[Illinois Department of Natural Resources]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180313094122/https://web.archive.org/web/20180313094122/https://www.dnr.illinois.gov/programs/CWD/Pages/default.aspx |archive-date=13 March 2018}} * [http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/mammals/deer/cwd/index.html Chronic wasting disease management]. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources * [http://outdoornebraska.gov/cwd/ Chronic wasting disease (CWD)]. Nebraska Game and Parks Commission. * [http://www.dec.ny.gov/animals/7191.html Chronic wasting disease]. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. * {{cite web |url=https://www.pgc.pa.gov/Wildlife/Wildlife-RelatedDiseases/Pages/ChronicWastingDisease.aspx |title=Chronic wasting disease |publisher=[[Pennsylvania Game Commission]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418074112/https://www.pgc.pa.gov/Wildlife/Wildlife-RelatedDiseases/Pages/ChronicWastingDisease.aspx |archive-date=18 April 2020}} * [https://dnr.wi.gov/topic/wildlifehabitat/regulations.html Chronic wasting disease]. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. * [https://wgfd.wyo.gov/wyoming-wildlife/wildlife-disease-and-health/chronic-wasting-disease Chronic wasting disease]. Wyoming Game & Fish Department. * {{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240714232444/https://cpw.state.co.us/Documents/Hunting/BigGame/CWD/PDF/ResearchArticles/CWD_mule_deer_JWM.pdf |title=Chronic wasting disease in Mule Deer |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908125250/http://cpw.state.co.us/Documents/Hunting/BigGame/CWD/PDF/ResearchArticles/CWD_mule_deer_JWM.pdf |archive-date=8 September 2015}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Chronic Wasting Disease}} [[Category:Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies]] [[Category:Ruminant diseases]] [[Category:Animal diseases]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] oijpd3jgcm43hqw1mykd1nfhj8f9izk 0 22812 112308 108696 2026-09-24T16:31:26Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112308 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Frontotemporal dementia''' ('''FTD'''), dem sanso call '''frontotemporal degeneration disease'''<ref name= "olney">{{cite journal |vauthors= Olney NT, Spina S, Miller BL |title= Frontotemporal dementia |journal= Neurologic Clinics |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=339–374 |date=May 2017 |pmid= 28410663 |pmc=5472209 |doi=10.1016/j.ncl.2017.01.008}}</ref> anaa '''frontotemporal neurocognitive disorder''',<ref name="DSM5">{{cite book |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse |date=2013 |publisher= [[American Psychiatric Association]] |location= Arlington, Virginia |isbn= 978-0-89042-554-1 |pages=614–618 |edition=5th}}</ref> dey encompass several types of [[dementia]] wey dey involve de progressive degeneration of de brain ein frontal den temporal lobes.<ref name= "ICD11">{{cite web |title=ICD-11 – Mortality and Morbidity Statistics |url=https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f831337417 |website=icd.who.int |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] |accessdate= |archive-date=2018-08-01 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180801205234/https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en%23/http://id.who.int/icd/entity/294762853#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f831337417 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Men den women appear to be equally affected.<ref name= "olney" /> FTD generally dey present as a behavioral anaa language disorder plus gradual onset.<ref name= "Seminars">{{cite journal |vauthors= Sivasathiaseelan H, Marshall CR, Agustus JL, Benhamou E, Bond RL, van Leeuwen JE, Hardy CJ, Rohrer JD, Warren JD |date=April 2019 | display-authors= 3 |title=Frontotemporal Dementia: A Clinical Review |url=https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/57968 |journal=Seminars in Neurology |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages= 251–263 |doi=10.1055/s-0039-1683379 |pmid=30925617 |s2cid= 88481297|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Signs den symptoms tend to appear insyd mid adulthood, typically between de ages of 45 den 65, although e fi affect people younger anaa older dan dis.<ref name="olney" /> As of 2017 der be no cure anaa approved symptomatic treatment give FTD, although na dem prescribe sam off-label drugs den behavioral methods.<ref name="olney" /> Na dem first describe features of FTD by Arnold Pick between 1892 den 1906.<ref name="Mikol20182">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mikol J |date=2018 |title=History of Pick's disease |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0035378718308245#bib0130 |journal=Revue Neurologique |language=en |volume=174 |issue=10 |pages=740–741 |doi=10.1016/j.neurol.2018.09.009 |issn=0035-3787 |s2cid=81923630 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Na dem coin de name ''Pick's disease'' insyd 1922,<ref name="Pearce20033">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pearce JM |date=February 2003 |title=Pick's disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-neurology-neurosurgery-and-psychiatry_2003-02_74_2/page/169 |journal=Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry |volume=74 |issue=2 |pages=169 |doi=10.1136/jnnp.74.2.169 |pmc=1738259 |pmid=12531941}}</ref> buh na dem reserve am for de behavioral variant of FTD, insyd wich characteristic [[Frontotemporal dementia#Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia|Pick bodies]] den Pick cells be present.<ref name="McGraw Hill">{{cite book |title=Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology |vauthors=Ropper AH, Samuels MA, Klein JP |date=2019 |publisher=McGraw Hill |isbn=978-0-07-184262-4 |edition=11th |page=1096}}</ref><ref name="Cardarelli20102">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cardarelli R, Kertesz A, Knebl JA |date=December 2010 |title=Frontotemporal dementia: a review for primary care physicians |url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/1201/p1372.html |journal=American Family Physician |volume=82 |issue=11 |pages=1372–1377 |pmid=21121521}}</ref> Na dem first describe dese by Alois Alzheimer insyd 1911.<ref name="Pearce20033" /> Common signs den symptoms dey include significant changes insyd social den personal behavior, disinhibition, apathy, blunting den dysregulation of emotions, den deficits insyd both expressive den receptive language.<ref>{{cite web |year=2024 |title=Frontotemporal dementia |url=https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/dementia/frontotemporal-dementia |accessdate=23 March 2024 |website=hopkinsmedicine.org |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins Medicine]]}}</ref> Each FTD subtype relatively be rare.<ref name="Borroni2022">{{cite journal |display-authors=3 |vauthors=Borroni B, Graff C, Hardiman O, Ludolph AC, Moreno F, Otto M, Piccininni M, Remes AM, Rowe JB, Seelaar H, Stefanova E, Traykov L, Logroscino G |date=March 2022 |title=FRONTotemporal dementia Incidence European Research Study-FRONTIERS: Rationale and design |journal=Alzheimer's & Dementia |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=498–506 |doi=10.1002/alz.12414 |pmc=9291221 |pmid=34338439}}</ref> FTDs mostly be early onset syndromes dem link to frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD),<ref name="Hofmann2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hofmann JW, Seeley WW, Huang EJ |date=January 2019 |title=RNA Binding Proteins and the Pathogenesis of Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration |journal=Annual Review of Pathology |volume=14 |pages=469–495 |doi=10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012418-012955 |pmc=6731550 |pmid=30355151}}</ref> wich be characterized by progressive neuronal loss predominantly wey dey involve de frontal anaa temporal lobes, den a typical loss of more dan 70% of spindle neurons, while oda neuron types remain intact.<ref>{{cite web |date=June 2009 |title=Brain Cells for Socializing |url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/brain-cells-for-socializing-133855450/?no-ist=&onsite_medium=internallink&page=3 |access-date=30 October 2015 |work=[[Smithsonian Magazine]] |publisher=Smithsonian |vauthors=Chen I}}</ref> De three main subtypes anaa variant syndromes be a behavioral variant (bvFTD) dem previously know as Pick's disease, den two variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA): semantic (svPPA) den nonfluent (nfvPPA). Two rare distinct subtypes of FTD be neuronal intermediate filament inclusion disease (NIFID) den basophilic inclusion body disease (BIBD). Oda related disorders dey include corticobasal syndrome (CBS anaa CBD), den FTD plus amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). == Notable cases == People wey na dem be diagnosed as having FTD (dem often refer to as ''Pick's disease'' in cases of de behavioral variant) dey include: * John Berry (1963–2016), American hardcore punk musician den founding member of de Beastie Boys<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2016 |title=Beastie Boy John Berry Died of Frontal Lobe Dementia – But What Is It? |url=https://scitechconnect.elsevier.com/beastie-boy-died-frontal-lobe-dementia/ |access-date=10 May 2022 |website=Elsevier |vauthors=Oyebode J}}</ref> * Clancy Blair (1960–2024), American developmental psychologist den professor * Don Cardwell (1935–2008), Major League Baseball pitcher<ref>{{cite web |date=16 January 2008 |title=Don Cardwell, 72, Pitcher for 1969 Mets, Is Dead |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/16/sports/baseball/16cardwell.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |vauthors=Goldstein R}}</ref> * Charmian Carr (1942–2016), wey play Liesl, from de ''Sound of Music'', dem born Charmian Anne Farnon * Jerry Corbetta (1947–2016), frontman, organist den keyboardist of American psychedelic rock band Sugarloaf<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2016 |title=Beastie Boy John Berry Died of Frontal Lobe Dementia – But What Is It? |url=https://scitechconnect.elsevier.com/beastie-boy-died-frontal-lobe-dementia/ |access-date=10 May 2022 |website=Elsevier |vauthors=Oyebode J}}</ref> * Ted Darling (1935–1996), Buffalo Sabres television announcer * Robert W. Floyd (1936–2001), computer scientist<ref>{{Cite journal |author-link=Donald Knuth |vauthors=Knuth DE |date=December 2003 |title=Robert W Floyd, In Memoriam |url=http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~uno/papers/floyd.ps.gz |url-status=dead |journal=[[ACM SIGACT News]] |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=3–13 |doi=10.1145/954092.954488 |s2cid=35605565 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422014927/http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~uno/papers/floyd.ps.gz |archive-date=2017-04-22 |access-date=2020-12-12}}</ref> * Lee Holloway (born 1982), computer scientist, co-founder of Cloudflare<ref>{{cite magazine|vauthors=Upson S|title=The Devastating Decline of a Brilliant Young Coder|url=https://www.wired.com/story/lee-holloway-devastating-decline-brilliant-young-coder/|magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|date=15 April 2020}}</ref> * Colleen Howe (1933–2009), sports agent den ice hockey team manager, dem know as "Mrs. Hockey"<ref>{{cite web |date=March 6, 2009 |title=Fans mourn loss of "Mrs. Hockey," Colleen Howe |url=http://www.freep.com/article/20090306/SPORTS05/90306069?imw=Y |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151004110013/http://www.freep.com/article/20090306/SPORTS05/90306069?imw=Y |archive-date=October 4, 2015 |access-date=October 3, 2015 |website=[[The Detroit Free Press]] |vauthors=Sipple G}}</ref> * Kazi Nazrul Islam (1899–1976) national poet of Bangladesh<ref>{{Cite journal |author-link=Donald Knuth |vauthors=Knuth DE |date=December 2003 |title=Robert W Floyd, In Memoriam |url=http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~uno/papers/floyd.ps.gz |url-status=dead |journal=[[ACM SIGACT News]] |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=3–13 |doi=10.1145/954092.954488 |s2cid=35605565 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422014927/http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~uno/papers/floyd.ps.gz |archive-date=2017-04-22 |access-date=2020-12-12}}</ref> * Terry Jones (1942–2020), Welsh comedian (Monty Python) den director * Ralph Klein (1942–2013), former premier of Alberta, Canada * Kevin Moore (1958–2013), English footballer<ref name="Grimbsy Telegraph">{{cite web |last=Sportsteam |title=Grimsby Town legend Kevin Moore passes away |url=http://www.thisisgrimsby.co.uk/Grimsby-Town-legend-Kevin-Moore-passes-away/story-18838049-detail/story.html#axzz2RsGaeCI7 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130503011757/http://www.thisisgrimsby.co.uk/Grimsby-Town-legend-Kevin-Moore-passes-away/story-18838049-detail/story.html#axzz2RsGaeCI7 |archive-date=2013-05-03 |access-date=2013-04-29}}</ref> * Ernie Moss (1949–2021), English footballer<ref>{{cite news|title=Support for Valiants hero Ernie Moss after he is diagnosed with Pick's Disease|url=http://www.stokesentinel.co.uk/Port-Vale-Support-Valiants-hero-Ernie-Moss/story-23091273-detail/story.html|access-date=11 October 2014|work=[[The Sentinel (Staffordshire)|The Sentinel]]|date=11 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102103942/http://www.stokesentinel.co.uk/Port-Vale-Support-Valiants-hero-Ernie-Moss/story-23091273-detail/story.html|archive-date=2 November 2014}}</ref> * Nic Potter (1951–2013), British bassist for Van der Graaf Generator<ref>{{cite news|vauthors=Potter S|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/jan/22/nic-potter|title=Nic Potter obituary &#124; Music &#124; guardian.co.uk|publisher=Guardian|date=22 January 2013|access-date=22 January 2013|location=London}}</ref> * Christina Ramberg (1946–1995), American painter wey associate plus de Chicago Imagists<ref>{{cite web |date=27 February 2014 |title=The Sexy, Proto-Feminist Art Of Christina Ramberg's Tragically Short Life |url=https://www.wbur.org/artery/2014/02/27/the-sexy-proto-feminist-art-of-christina-rambergs-tragically-short-life |website=www.wbur.org |vauthors=Cook G}}</ref> * David Rumelhart (1942–2011), American cognitive psychologist * Sir Nicholas Wall (1945–2017), English judge<ref>{{cite web |date=23 February 2017 |title=Sir Nicholas Wall, once Britain's top family law judge, commits suicide after dementia diagnosis |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/02/23/sir-nicholas-wall-britains-top-family-law-judge-commits-suicide/ |work=The Daily Telegraph |vauthors=Rayner G}}</ref> * Bruce Willis (born 1955), American actor<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-16 |title=Bruce Willis Diagnosed With Dementia After Retiring Due to Aphasia |url=https://variety.com/2023/film/news/bruce-willis-dementia-aphasia-retire-1235525599/ |access-date=2023-02-16 |website=Variety |vauthors=Moreau J}}</ref> * Mark Wirtz (1943–2020), pop musician, composer den producer<ref>{{cite web |date=13 August 2020 |title=Mark Wirtz, musician and producer who had a global hit with Excerpt from a Teenage Opera – obituary |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2020/08/12/mark-wirtz-musician-producer-had-global-hit-excerpt-teenage |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200827133924/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2020/08/12/mark-wirtz-musician-producer-had-global-hit-excerpt-teenage/ |archive-date=27 August 2020 |work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> * Curtis Hanson (1945–2016), American film director, screenwriter, den producer<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kenneally |first=Tim |date=September 21, 2016 |title=Curtis Hanson Suffered From Rare Illness, His Partner Reveals |url=https://www.thewrap.com/curtis-hanson-cause-of-death/}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{Cite news |last=Hughes |first=Virginia |date=2024-12-22 |title=Fighting to Avoid Her Mother's Fate, for Her Daughters' Sake |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/22/health/frontotemporal-dementia-genetic-mutation-linde-jacobs.html |access-date=2025-03-02 |work=The New York Times}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Liu W, Miller BL, Kramer JH, Rankin K, Wyss-Coray C, Gearhart R, Phengrasamy L, Weiner M, Rosen HJ | title = Behavioral disorders in the frontal and temporal variants of frontotemporal dementia | journal = Neurology | volume = 62 | issue = 5 | pages = 742–748 | date = March 2004 | pmid = 15007124 | pmc = 2367136 | doi = 10.1212/01.WNL.0000113729.77161.C9 | series = 5 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Nyatsanza S, Shetty T, Gregory C, Lough S, Dawson K, Hodges JR | title = A study of stereotypic behaviours in Alzheimer's disease and frontal and temporal variant frontotemporal dementia | journal = Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry | volume = 74 | issue = 10 | pages = 1398–1402 | date = October 2003 | pmid = 14570833 | pmc = 1757381 | doi = 10.1136/jnnp.74.10.1398 }} * {{Cite web | vauthors = Reynolds M |title='Til Death or Dementia Do us Part, a memoir |work=River Rock Books |url=https://www.riverrockbooks.com/prints/til-death-or-dementia-do-us-part-a-memoir-by-marilyn-reynolds |access-date=2018-02-19 |archive-date=2018-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220033626/https://www.riverrockbooks.com/prints/til-death-or-dementia-do-us-part-a-memoir-by-marilyn-reynolds }} * {{Cite magazine | vauthors = Upson S |title=The Devastating Decline of a Brilliant Young Coder |magazine=Wired |date=15 April 2020 |access-date=17 September 2020 |url=https://www.wired.com/story/lee-holloway-devastating-decline-brilliant-young-coder/ }} ==External links== {{sister project links||d=Q18592|c=Category:Frontotemporal dementia|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=Frontotemporal dementia|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} *{{Cite web |title=AFTD - The Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration |url=https://www.theaftd.org/ |access-date=2025-05-15 |language=en-US}} Patient group {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected = neurological}} [[Category:Cognitive disorders]] [[Category:Dementia]] [[Category:Frontal lobe]] [[Category:Temporal lobe]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] f8oz4pvb53pxfl355l9t4gv2s9sq82r 112484 112308 2026-09-25T00:54:53Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112484 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Frontotemporal dementia''' ('''FTD'''), dem sanso call '''frontotemporal degeneration disease'''<ref name= "olney">{{cite journal |vauthors= Olney NT, Spina S, Miller BL |title= Frontotemporal dementia |journal= Neurologic Clinics |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=339–374 |date=May 2017 |pmid= 28410663 |pmc=5472209 |doi=10.1016/j.ncl.2017.01.008}}</ref> anaa '''frontotemporal neurocognitive disorder''',<ref name="DSM5">{{cite book |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse |date=2013 |publisher= [[American Psychiatric Association]] |location= Arlington, Virginia |isbn= 978-0-89042-554-1 |pages=614–618 |edition=5th}}</ref> dey encompass several types of [[dementia]] wey dey involve de progressive degeneration of de brain ein frontal den temporal lobes.<ref name= "ICD11">{{cite web |title=ICD-11 – Mortality and Morbidity Statistics |url=https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f831337417 |website=icd.who.int |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] |accessdate= |archive-date=2018-08-01 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180801205234/https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en%23/http://id.who.int/icd/entity/294762853#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f831337417 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Men den women appear to be equally affected.<ref name= "olney" /> FTD generally dey present as a behavioral anaa language disorder plus gradual onset.<ref name= "Seminars">{{cite journal |vauthors= Sivasathiaseelan H, Marshall CR, Agustus JL, Benhamou E, Bond RL, van Leeuwen JE, Hardy CJ, Rohrer JD, Warren JD |date=April 2019 | display-authors= 3 |title=Frontotemporal Dementia: A Clinical Review |url=https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/57968 |journal=Seminars in Neurology |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages= 251–263 |doi=10.1055/s-0039-1683379 |pmid=30925617 |s2cid= 88481297|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Signs den symptoms tend to appear insyd mid adulthood, typically between de ages of 45 den 65, although e fi affect people younger anaa older dan dis.<ref name="olney" /> As of 2017 der be no cure anaa approved symptomatic treatment give FTD, although na dem prescribe sam off-label drugs den behavioral methods.<ref name="olney" /> Na dem first describe features of FTD by Arnold Pick between 1892 den 1906.<ref name="Mikol20182">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mikol J |date=2018 |title=History of Pick's disease |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0035378718308245#bib0130 |journal=Revue Neurologique |language=en |volume=174 |issue=10 |pages=740–741 |doi=10.1016/j.neurol.2018.09.009 |issn=0035-3787 |s2cid=81923630 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Na dem coin de name ''Pick's disease'' insyd 1922,<ref name="Pearce20033">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pearce JM |date=February 2003 |title=Pick's disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-neurology-neurosurgery-and-psychiatry_2003-02_74_2/page/169 |journal=Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry |volume=74 |issue=2 |pages=169 |doi=10.1136/jnnp.74.2.169 |pmc=1738259 |pmid=12531941}}</ref> buh na dem reserve am for de behavioral variant of FTD, insyd wich characteristic [[Frontotemporal dementia#Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia|Pick bodies]] den Pick cells be present.<ref name="McGraw Hill">{{cite book |title=Adams and Victor's Principles of Neurology |vauthors=Ropper AH, Samuels MA, Klein JP |date=2019 |publisher=McGraw Hill |isbn=978-0-07-184262-4 |edition=11th |page=1096}}</ref><ref name="Cardarelli20102">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cardarelli R, Kertesz A, Knebl JA |date=December 2010 |title=Frontotemporal dementia: a review for primary care physicians |url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/1201/p1372.html |journal=American Family Physician |volume=82 |issue=11 |pages=1372–1377 |pmid=21121521}}</ref> Na dem first describe dese by Alois Alzheimer insyd 1911.<ref name="Pearce20033" /> Common signs den symptoms dey include significant changes insyd social den personal behavior, disinhibition, apathy, blunting den dysregulation of emotions, den deficits insyd both expressive den receptive language.<ref>{{cite web |year=2024 |title=Frontotemporal dementia |url=https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/dementia/frontotemporal-dementia |accessdate=23 March 2024 |website=hopkinsmedicine.org |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins Medicine]]}}</ref> Each FTD subtype relatively be rare.<ref name="Borroni2022">{{cite journal |display-authors=3 |vauthors=Borroni B, Graff C, Hardiman O, Ludolph AC, Moreno F, Otto M, Piccininni M, Remes AM, Rowe JB, Seelaar H, Stefanova E, Traykov L, Logroscino G |date=March 2022 |title=FRONTotemporal dementia Incidence European Research Study-FRONTIERS: Rationale and design |journal=Alzheimer's & Dementia |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=498–506 |doi=10.1002/alz.12414 |pmc=9291221 |pmid=34338439}}</ref> FTDs mostly be early onset syndromes dem link to frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD),<ref name="Hofmann2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hofmann JW, Seeley WW, Huang EJ |date=January 2019 |title=RNA Binding Proteins and the Pathogenesis of Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration |journal=Annual Review of Pathology |volume=14 |pages=469–495 |doi=10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012418-012955 |pmc=6731550 |pmid=30355151}}</ref> wich be characterized by progressive neuronal loss predominantly wey dey involve de frontal anaa temporal lobes, den a typical loss of more dan 70% of spindle neurons, while oda neuron types remain intact.<ref>{{cite web |date=June 2009 |title=Brain Cells for Socializing |url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/brain-cells-for-socializing-133855450/?no-ist=&onsite_medium=internallink&page=3 |access-date=30 October 2015 |work=[[Smithsonian Magazine]] |publisher=Smithsonian |vauthors=Chen I}}</ref> De three main subtypes anaa variant syndromes be a behavioral variant (bvFTD) dem previously know as Pick's disease, den two variants of primary progressive aphasia (PPA): semantic (svPPA) den nonfluent (nfvPPA). Two rare distinct subtypes of FTD be neuronal intermediate filament inclusion disease (NIFID) den basophilic inclusion body disease (BIBD). Oda related disorders dey include corticobasal syndrome (CBS anaa CBD), den FTD plus amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). == Notable cases == People wey na dem be diagnosed as having FTD (dem often refer to as ''Pick's disease'' in cases of de behavioral variant) dey include: * John Berry (1963–2016), American hardcore punk musician den founding member of de Beastie Boys<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2016 |title=Beastie Boy John Berry Died of Frontal Lobe Dementia – But What Is It? |url=https://scitechconnect.elsevier.com/beastie-boy-died-frontal-lobe-dementia/ |access-date=10 May 2022 |website=Elsevier |vauthors=Oyebode J}}</ref> * Clancy Blair (1960–2024), American developmental psychologist den professor * Don Cardwell (1935–2008), Major League Baseball pitcher<ref>{{cite web |date=16 January 2008 |title=Don Cardwell, 72, Pitcher for 1969 Mets, Is Dead |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/16/sports/baseball/16cardwell.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |vauthors=Goldstein R}}</ref> * Charmian Carr (1942–2016), wey play Liesl, from de ''Sound of Music'', dem born Charmian Anne Farnon * Jerry Corbetta (1947–2016), frontman, organist den keyboardist of American psychedelic rock band Sugarloaf<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2016 |title=Beastie Boy John Berry Died of Frontal Lobe Dementia – But What Is It? |url=https://scitechconnect.elsevier.com/beastie-boy-died-frontal-lobe-dementia/ |access-date=10 May 2022 |website=Elsevier |vauthors=Oyebode J}}</ref> * Ted Darling (1935–1996), Buffalo Sabres television announcer * Robert W. Floyd (1936–2001), computer scientist<ref>{{Cite journal |author-link=Donald Knuth |vauthors=Knuth DE |date=December 2003 |title=Robert W Floyd, In Memoriam |url=http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~uno/papers/floyd.ps.gz |url-status=dead |journal=[[ACM SIGACT News]] |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=3–13 |doi=10.1145/954092.954488 |s2cid=35605565 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422014927/http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~uno/papers/floyd.ps.gz |archive-date=2017-04-22 |access-date=2020-12-12}}</ref> * Lee Holloway (born 1982), computer scientist, co-founder of Cloudflare<ref>{{cite magazine|vauthors=Upson S|title=The Devastating Decline of a Brilliant Young Coder|url=https://www.wired.com/story/lee-holloway-devastating-decline-brilliant-young-coder/|magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]|date=15 April 2020}}</ref> * Colleen Howe (1933–2009), sports agent den ice hockey team manager, dem know as "Mrs. Hockey"<ref>{{cite web |date=March 6, 2009 |title=Fans mourn loss of "Mrs. Hockey," Colleen Howe |url=http://www.freep.com/article/20090306/SPORTS05/90306069?imw=Y |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151004110013/http://www.freep.com/article/20090306/SPORTS05/90306069?imw=Y |archive-date=October 4, 2015 |access-date=October 3, 2015 |website=[[The Detroit Free Press]] |vauthors=Sipple G}}</ref> * Kazi Nazrul Islam (1899–1976) national poet of Bangladesh<ref>{{Cite journal |author-link=Donald Knuth |vauthors=Knuth DE |date=December 2003 |title=Robert W Floyd, In Memoriam |url=http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~uno/papers/floyd.ps.gz |url-status=dead |journal=[[ACM SIGACT News]] |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=3–13 |doi=10.1145/954092.954488 |s2cid=35605565 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170422014927/http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~uno/papers/floyd.ps.gz |archive-date=2017-04-22 |access-date=2020-12-12}}</ref> * Terry Jones (1942–2020), Welsh comedian (Monty Python) den director * Ralph Klein (1942–2013), former premier of Alberta, Canada * Kevin Moore (1958–2013), English footballer<ref name="Grimbsy Telegraph">{{cite web |last=Sportsteam |title=Grimsby Town legend Kevin Moore passes away |url=http://www.thisisgrimsby.co.uk/Grimsby-Town-legend-Kevin-Moore-passes-away/story-18838049-detail/story.html#axzz2RsGaeCI7 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130503011757/http://www.thisisgrimsby.co.uk/Grimsby-Town-legend-Kevin-Moore-passes-away/story-18838049-detail/story.html#axzz2RsGaeCI7 |archive-date=2013-05-03 |access-date=2013-04-29}}</ref> * Ernie Moss (1949–2021), English footballer<ref>{{cite news|title=Support for Valiants hero Ernie Moss after he is diagnosed with Pick's Disease|url=http://www.stokesentinel.co.uk/Port-Vale-Support-Valiants-hero-Ernie-Moss/story-23091273-detail/story.html|access-date=11 October 2014|work=[[The Sentinel (Staffordshire)|The Sentinel]]|date=11 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102103942/http://www.stokesentinel.co.uk/Port-Vale-Support-Valiants-hero-Ernie-Moss/story-23091273-detail/story.html|archive-date=2 November 2014}}</ref> * Nic Potter (1951–2013), British bassist for Van der Graaf Generator<ref>{{cite news|vauthors=Potter S|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/jan/22/nic-potter|title=Nic Potter obituary &#124; Music &#124; guardian.co.uk|publisher=Guardian|date=22 January 2013|access-date=22 January 2013|location=London}}</ref> * Christina Ramberg (1946–1995), American painter wey associate plus de Chicago Imagists<ref>{{cite web |date=27 February 2014 |title=The Sexy, Proto-Feminist Art Of Christina Ramberg's Tragically Short Life |url=https://www.wbur.org/artery/2014/02/27/the-sexy-proto-feminist-art-of-christina-rambergs-tragically-short-life |website=www.wbur.org |vauthors=Cook G}}</ref> * David Rumelhart (1942–2011), American cognitive psychologist * Sir Nicholas Wall (1945–2017), English judge<ref>{{cite web |date=23 February 2017 |title=Sir Nicholas Wall, once Britain's top family law judge, commits suicide after dementia diagnosis |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/02/23/sir-nicholas-wall-britains-top-family-law-judge-commits-suicide/ |work=The Daily Telegraph |vauthors=Rayner G}}</ref> * Bruce Willis (born 1955), American actor<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-16 |title=Bruce Willis Diagnosed With Dementia After Retiring Due to Aphasia |url=https://variety.com/2023/film/news/bruce-willis-dementia-aphasia-retire-1235525599/ |access-date=2023-02-16 |website=Variety |vauthors=Moreau J}}</ref> * Mark Wirtz (1943–2020), pop musician, composer den producer<ref>{{cite web |date=13 August 2020 |title=Mark Wirtz, musician and producer who had a global hit with Excerpt from a Teenage Opera – obituary |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2020/08/12/mark-wirtz-musician-producer-had-global-hit-excerpt-teenage |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200827133924/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2020/08/12/mark-wirtz-musician-producer-had-global-hit-excerpt-teenage/ |archive-date=27 August 2020 |work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> * Curtis Hanson (1945–2016), American film director, screenwriter, den producer<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kenneally |first=Tim |date=September 21, 2016 |title=Curtis Hanson Suffered From Rare Illness, His Partner Reveals |url=https://www.thewrap.com/curtis-hanson-cause-of-death/}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{Cite news |last=Hughes |first=Virginia |date=2024-12-22 |title=Fighting to Avoid Her Mother's Fate, for Her Daughters' Sake |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/12/22/health/frontotemporal-dementia-genetic-mutation-linde-jacobs.html |access-date=2025-03-02 |work=The New York Times}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Liu W, Miller BL, Kramer JH, Rankin K, Wyss-Coray C, Gearhart R, Phengrasamy L, Weiner M, Rosen HJ | title = Behavioral disorders in the frontal and temporal variants of frontotemporal dementia | journal = Neurology | volume = 62 | issue = 5 | pages = 742–748 | date = March 2004 | pmid = 15007124 | pmc = 2367136 | doi = 10.1212/01.WNL.0000113729.77161.C9 | series = 5 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Nyatsanza S, Shetty T, Gregory C, Lough S, Dawson K, Hodges JR | title = A study of stereotypic behaviours in Alzheimer's disease and frontal and temporal variant frontotemporal dementia | journal = Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry | volume = 74 | issue = 10 | pages = 1398–1402 | date = October 2003 | pmid = 14570833 | pmc = 1757381 | doi = 10.1136/jnnp.74.10.1398 }} * {{Cite web |vauthors=Reynolds M |title='Til Death or Dementia Do us Part, a memoir |work=River Rock Books |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220033626/https://www.riverrockbooks.com/prints/til-death-or-dementia-do-us-part-a-memoir-by-marilyn-reynolds |access-date=2018-02-19 |archive-date=2018-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220033626/https://web.archive.org/web/20180220033626/https://www.riverrockbooks.com/prints/til-death-or-dementia-do-us-part-a-memoir-by-marilyn-reynolds }} * {{Cite magazine | vauthors = Upson S |title=The Devastating Decline of a Brilliant Young Coder |magazine=Wired |date=15 April 2020 |access-date=17 September 2020 |url=https://www.wired.com/story/lee-holloway-devastating-decline-brilliant-young-coder/ }} ==External links== {{sister project links||d=Q18592|c=Category:Frontotemporal dementia|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=Frontotemporal dementia|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} *{{Cite web |title=AFTD - The Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration |url=https://www.theaftd.org/ |access-date=2025-05-15 |language=en-US}} Patient group {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected = neurological}} [[Category:Cognitive disorders]] [[Category:Dementia]] [[Category:Frontal lobe]] [[Category:Temporal lobe]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 5h6t8ctoytigy2mubalk0jy4cg7dzzb 0 22816 112474 110791 2026-09-25T00:44:47Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112474 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Diphenhydramine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Benadryl''' among odas, be an antihistamine den sedative. Although dem generally consider am sedating, diphenhydramine fi cause paradoxical central nervous system stimulation insyd sam individuals, particularly at higher doses. Dis fi manifest as agitation, anxiety, anaa restlessness rather dan sedation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Benadryl Drug Facts Label |url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2006/017024s045lbl.pdf |access-date=8 May 2025 |website=FDA.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rickels |first=Karl |year=1992 |title=Diphenhydramine-induced paradoxical excitation |journal=Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology |volume=12 |issue=3 |pages=222–223 |doi=10.1097/00004714-199206000-00013}}</ref> E be a first-generation H₁-antihistamine wey e dey work by blocking certain effects of histamine, wich dey produce ein antihistamine den sedative effects.<ref name="AHSP2016">{{cite web |date=6 September 2016 |title=Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/diphenhydramine-hydrochloride.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915002404/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/diphenhydramine-hydrochloride.html |archive-date=15 September 2016 |access-date=28 September 2016 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}</ref><ref name="Saran2017">{{cite journal |vauthors=Saran JS, Barbano RL, Schult R, Wiegand TJ, Selioutski O |date=October 2017 |title=Chronic diphenhydramine abuse and withdrawal: A diagnostic challenge |journal=Neurology. Clinical Practice |volume=7 |issue=5 |pages=439–441 |doi=10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000304 |pmc=5874453 |pmid=29620065}}</ref> Diphenhydramine sanso be a potent anticholinergic.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ea_QVG2BFy8C&pg=PA332 |title=Lexicon of Psychiatry, Neurology, and the Neurosciences |vauthors=Ayd FJ |date=2000 |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |isbn=978-0-7817-2468-5 |page=332 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908214041/https://books.google.ca/books?id=ea_QVG2BFy8C&pg=PA332 |archive-date=8 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Dem mainly dey use am to treat allergies, insomnia, den symptoms of de common cold. E sanso be less commonly used for tremors insyd parkinsonism, den nausea.<ref name="AHSP2016" /> Dem dey take am by mouth, injected into a vein, injected into a muscle, anaa applied to de skin.<ref name="AHSP2016" /> Maximal effect typically be around two hours after a dose, wey effects fi last for up to seven hours.<ref name="AHSP2016" /> Common side effects dey include sleepiness, poor coordination, den an upset stomach.<ref name="AHSP2016" /> Der be no clear risk of harm wen dem use during [[pregnancy]]; however, ein use during breastfeeding no be recommended.<ref>{{cite web |title=Diphenhydramine Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Warnings |url=https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/diphenhydramine.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002114958/https://www.drugs.com/pregnancy/diphenhydramine.html |archive-date=2 October 2016 |access-date=28 September 2016 |website=Drugs.com}}</ref> Na e be developed by George Rieveschl wey dem put into commercial use insyd 1946.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YTeY9ZEfNccC&pg=PA225 |title=Lead Optimization for Medicinal Chemists: Pharmacokinetic Properties of Functional Groups and Organic Compounds |vauthors=Dörwald FZ |date=2013 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-3-527-64565-7 |page=225 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002085621/https://books.google.ca/books?id=YTeY9ZEfNccC&pg=PA225 |archive-date=2 October 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Benadryl |url=http://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Benadryl?rec=2591 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161017192649/http://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Benadryl?rec=2591 |archive-date=17 October 2016 |access-date=28 September 2016 |website=Ohio History Central}}</ref> E be available as a generic medication.<ref name="AHSP2016" /> Insyd 2023, na e be de 294th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 700,000 prescriptions.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YTeY9ZEfNccC&pg=PA225 |title=Lead Optimization for Medicinal Chemists: Pharmacokinetic Properties of Functional Groups and Organic Compounds |vauthors=Dörwald FZ |date=2013 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-3-527-64565-7 |page=225 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002085621/https://books.google.ca/books?id=YTeY9ZEfNccC&pg=PA225 |archive-date=2 October 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Benadryl |url=http://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Benadryl?rec=2591 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161017192649/http://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Benadryl?rec=2591 |archive-date=17 October 2016 |access-date=28 September 2016 |website=Ohio History Central}}</ref> Ein sedative den deliriant effects lead to sam cases of recreational use.<ref name="Saran2017" /><ref name="Saran20172">{{cite journal |vauthors=Saran JS, Barbano RL, Schult R, Wiegand TJ, Selioutski O |date=October 2017 |title=Chronic diphenhydramine abuse and withdrawal: A diagnostic challenge |journal=Neurology. Clinical Practice |volume=7 |issue=5 |pages=439–441 |doi=10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000304 |pmc=5874453 |pmid=29620065}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==Read further== * {{cite journal |vauthors=Björnsdóttir I, Einarson TR, Gudmundsson LS, Einarsdóttir RA |title=Efficacy of diphenhydramine against cough in humans: a review |journal=Pharmacy World & Science |volume=29 |issue=6 |pages=577–83 |date=December 2007 |pmid=17486423 |doi=10.1007/s11096-007-9122-2 |s2cid=8168920}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Cox D, Ahmed Z, McBride AJ |title=Diphenhydramine dependence |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_british-journal-of-addiction_2001-03_96_3/page/516 |journal=Addiction |volume=96 |issue=3 |pages=516–7 |date=March 2001 |pmid=11310441}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Lieberman JA |title=History of the use of antidepressants in primary care |journal=Primary Care Companion J. Clinical Psychiatry |volume=5 |issue=supplement 7 |pages=6–10 |year=2003 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140611094425/http://www.psychiatrist.com/pcc/pccpdf/v05s07/v05s0702.pdf |access-date=19 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140611094425/https://web.archive.org/web/20140611094425/http://www.psychiatrist.com/pcc/pccpdf/v05s07/v05s0702.pdf |archive-date=11 June 2014}} == External links == {{Commons}} [[Category:Diphenhydramines| ]] [[Category:5-HT2C antagonists]] [[Category:American inventions]] [[Category:Antiemetics]] [[Category:CYP2D6 inhibitors]] [[Category:Deliriants]] [[Category:Dimethylamino compounds]] [[Category:Diphenylmethanol ethers]] [[Category:Enzyme inhibitors]] [[Category:H1 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Hypnotics]] [[Category:Local anesthetics]] [[Category:M1 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M2 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M3 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M4 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M5 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Oneirogens]] [[Category:Sedatives]] [[Category:Serotonin reuptake inhibitors]] [[Category:Tertiary amines]] [[Category:Over-the-counter drugs insyd de United States]] [[Category:Hallucinogens]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] t55yh4foealg3zxt5u6vegkeicgg8om 0 22863 112347 110669 2026-09-24T17:28:14Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112347 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hypertension''', dem sanso know as '''high blood pressure''', be a long-term medical condition insyd wich de blood pressure insyd de arteries dey persistently elevate.<ref name="Nai2014">{{cite book |url={{Google books|K21_AwAAQBAJ|pages=PA562|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |title=Medical sciences |vauthors=Naish J, Court DS |date=2014 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-7020-5249-1 |edition=2 |page=562}}</ref> High blood pressure usually no dey cause symptoms einself.<ref name="CDC2024">{{cite web |date=15 May 2024 |title=About High Blood Pressure |url=https://www.cdc.gov/high-blood-pressure/about/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520060641/https://www.cdc.gov/high-blood-pressure/about/index.html |archive-date=20 May 2024 |access-date=22 May 2024 |website=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC)}}</ref> E, however, be a major risk factor for [[stroke]], coronary artery disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral arterial disease, vision loss, chronic kidney disease, den [[dementia]].<ref name="Lack2015">{{cite journal |last1=Lackland |first1=Daniel T. |last2=Weber |first2=Michael A. |date=May 2015 |title=Global burden of cardiovascular disease and stroke: hypertension at the core |journal=The Canadian Journal of Cardiology |volume=31 |issue=5 |pages=569–571 |doi=10.1016/j.cjca.2015.01.009 |pmid=25795106}}</ref><ref name="WHO2011">{{cite book |url=http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241564373_eng.pdf?ua=1 |title=Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control |vauthors=Mendis S, Puska P, Norrving B |date=2011 |publisher=World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization |isbn=978-92-4-156437-3 |edition=1st |location=Geneva |page=38 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817123106/http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241564373_eng.pdf?ua=1 |archive-date=17 August 2014}}</ref><ref name="Hernandorena2017">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hernandorena I, Duron E, Vidal JS, Hanon O |date=July 2017 |title=Treatment options and considerations for hypertensive patients to prevent dementia |journal=Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy |type=Review |volume=18 |issue=10 |pages=989–1000 |doi=10.1080/14656566.2017.1333599 |pmid=28532183 |s2cid=46601689}}</ref><ref name="Lau2017">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lau DH, Nattel S, Kalman JM, Sanders P |date=August 2017 |title=Modifiable Risk Factors and Atrial Fibrillation |journal=Circulation |type=Review |volume=136 |issue=6 |pages=583–596 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.023163 |pmid=28784826 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Hypertension be a major cause of premature death worldwide.<ref name="WHO2025">{{Cite web |date=25 September 2025 |title=Hypertension |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension |access-date=1 October 2025 |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO)}}</ref> High blood pressure be classified as primary (essential) hypertension anaa secondary hypertension.<ref name="Lancet20153">{{cite journal |vauthors=Poulter NR, Prabhakaran D, Caulfield M |date=August 2015 |title=Hypertension |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_august-22-28-2015_386_9995/page/801 |journal=Lancet |volume=386 |issue=9995 |pages=801–812 |bibcode=2015Lanc..386..801P |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61468-9 |pmid=25832858 |s2cid=208792897}}</ref> About 90–95% of cases be primary, dem define as high blood pressure secof non-specific lifestyle den genetic factors.<ref name="Lancet20153" /> Lifestyle factors wey dey increase de risk dey include excess salt insyd de diet, excess body weight, smoking, physical inactivity den alcohol use.<ref name="CDC2024" /><ref name="Lancet20153" /> De remaining 5–10% of cases be categorized as secondary hypertension, dem define as high blood pressure secof a clearly identifiable cause, such as chronic kidney disease, narrowing of de kidney arteries, an endocrine disorder, anaa de use of birth control pills.<ref name="Lancet20153" /> Blood pressure be classified by two measurements, de systolic (first number) den diastolic (second number) pressures.<ref name="CDC2024" /> For chaw adults, normal blood pressure at rest be within de range of 100–140 millimeters mercury (mmHg) systolic den 60–90 mmHg diastolic.<ref name="AHA2017">{{cite journal |vauthors=Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, Casey DE, Collins KJ, Dennison Himmelfarb C, DePalma SM, Gidding S, Jamerson KA, Jones DW, MacLaughlin EJ, Muntner P, Ovbiagele B, Smith SC, Spencer CC, Stafford RS, Taler SJ, Thomas RJ, Williams KA, Williamson JD, Wright JT |date=June 2018 |title=2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines |journal=Hypertension |volume=71 |issue=6 |pages=e13–e115 |doi=10.1161/HYP.0000000000000065 |pmid=29133356 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="ESH20233">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Mancia G, Kreutz R, Brunström M, Burnier M, Grassi G, Januszewicz A, et al. |date=2023-12-01 |title=2023 ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension: Endorsed by the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) and the European Renal Association (ERA) |journal=Journal of Hypertension |volume=41 |issue=12 |pages=1874–2071 |doi=10.1097/HJH.0000000000003480 |hdl=11379/603005 |issn=1473-5598 |pmid=37345492 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> For chaw adults, high blood pressure be present if de resting blood pressure be persistently at anaa above 130/80 anaa 140/90 mmHg.<ref name="Lancet20153" /><ref name="AHA2017" /><ref name="ESH20233" /> Different numbers apply to kiddies.<ref name="JNC8">{{cite journal |vauthors=James PA, Oparil S, Carter BL, Cushman WC, Dennison-Himmelfarb C, Handler J, Lackland DT, LeFevre ML, MacKenzie TD, Ogedegbe O, Smith SC, Svetkey LP, Taler SJ, Townsend RR, Wright JT, Narva AS, Ortiz E |date=February 2014 |title=2014 evidence-based guideline for the management of high blood pressure in adults: report from the panel members appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8) |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2014-02-05_311_5/page/507 |journal=JAMA |volume=311 |issue=5 |pages=507–520 |doi=10.1001/jama.2013.284427 |pmid=24352797 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring over a 24-hour period dey appear more accurate dan office-based blood pressure measurement.<ref name="Nai2014" /><ref name="Lancet20153" /> Lifestyle changes den medications fi lower blood pressure den decrease de risk of health complications.<ref name="NIH2015Tx">{{cite web |date=10 September 2015 |title=How Is High Blood Pressure Treated? |url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbp/treatment |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406073903/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbp/treatment |archive-date=6 April 2016 |access-date=6 March 2016 |website=National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute}}</ref> Lifestyle changes dey include weight loss, physical exercise, decreased salt intake, reducing alcohol intake, den a healthy diet.<ref name="Lancet20153" /> If lifestyle changes no be sufficient, dem dey use blood pressure medications.<ref name="NIH2015Tx" /> Up to three medications dem take concurrently fi control blood pressure insyd 90% of people.<ref name="Lancet20153" /> De treatment of moderately high arterial blood pressure (dem define as >160/100 mmHg) plus medications be associated plus an improved life expectancy.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Musini VM, Tejani AM, Bassett K, Puil L, Wright JM |date=June 2019 |title=Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in adults 60 years or older |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=6 |issue=6 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD000028.pub3 |pmc=6550717 |pmid=31167038 |article-number=CD000028}}</ref> De effect of treatment of blood pressure between 130/80&nbsp;mmHg den 160/100&nbsp;mmHg be less clear, plus sam reviews dey find benefit<ref name="AHA2017" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Sundström J, Arima H, Jackson R, Turnbull F, Rahimi K, Chalmers J, Woodward M, Neal B |date=February 2015 |title=Effects of blood pressure reduction in mild hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=Annals of Internal Medicine |volume=162 |issue=3 |pages=184–191 |doi=10.7326/M14-0773 |pmid=25531552 |s2cid=46553658}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Xie X, Atkins E, Lv J, Bennett A, Neal B, Ninomiya T, Woodward M, MacMahon S, Turnbull F, Hillis GS, Chalmers J, Mant J, Salam A, Rahimi K, Perkovic V, Rodgers A |date=January 2016 |title=Effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on cardiovascular and renal outcomes: updated systematic review and meta-analysis |url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(15)00805-3/abstract |journal=Lancet |volume=387 |issue=10017 |pages=435–443 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00805-3 |pmid=26559744 |s2cid=36805676 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Falk |first1=Jamie M. |last2=Froentjes |first2=Liesbeth |last3=Kirkwood |first3=Jessica Em |last4=Heran |first4=Balraj S. |last5=Kolber |first5=Michael R. |last6=Allan |first6=G. Michael |last7=Korownyk |first7=Christina S. |last8=Garrison |first8=Scott R. |date=2024-12-17 |title=Higher blood pressure targets for hypertension in older adults |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2024 |issue=12 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD011575.pub3 |issn=1469-493X |pmc=11650777 |pmid=39688187 |article-number=CD011575}}</ref> den odas dey find unclear anaa no benefit.<ref name="Cochrane2025">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang D, Wright JM, Adams SP, Cundiff DK, Gueyffier F, Grenet G, Ambasta A |date=24 September 2025 |title=Pharmacotherapy for mild hypertension |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2025 |issue=9 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD006742.pub3 |pmc=12458985 |pmid=40990196 |article-number=CD006742 |pmc-embargo-date=2026-09-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Musini VM, Gueyffier F, Puil L, Salzwedel DM, Wright JM |date=August 2017 |title=Pharmacotherapy for hypertension in adults aged 18 to 59 years |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2017 |issue=8 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD008276.pub2 |pmc=6483466 |pmid=28813123 |article-number=CD008276}}</ref> High blood pressure dey affect 33% of de population globally.<ref name="WHOreport2023">{{Cite book |url=https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240081062 |title=Global report on hypertension: the race against a silent killer |date=19 March 2023 |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] (WHO) |isbn=978-92-4-008106-2 |location=Geneva}}</ref> About half of all people plus high blood pressure no know say dem get am.<ref name="WHOreport2023" /> Insyd 2019, na dem believe high blood pressure be a factor insyd 19% of all deaths (10.4 million globally).<ref name="WHOreport2023" /> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == Read further == * 2025 {{Tooltip|AHA|American Heart Association}}/{{Tooltip|ACC|American College of Cardiology}} guideline: {{Cite journal|vauthors=Jones DW, Ferdinand KC, Taler SJ, Johnson HM, Shimbo D, Abdalla M, et al.|date=16 September 2025|title=2025 AHA/ACC/AANP/AAPA/ABC/ACCP/ACPM/AGS/AMA/ASPC/NMA/PCNA/SGIM guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation and management of high blood pressure in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines|journal=Circulation|volume=152|issue=11|pages=e114–e218|doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000001356|doi-access=free|pmid=40811497}} * 2024 {{Tooltip|ESC|European Society of Cardiology}} guideline: {{Cite journal |last1=McEvoy |first1=John William |last2=McCarthy |first2=Cian P |last3=Bruno |first3=Rosa Maria |last4=Brouwers |first4=Sofie |last5=Canavan |first5=Michelle D |last6=Ceconi |first6=Claudio |last7=Christodorescu |first7=Ruxandra Maria |last8=Daskalopoulou |first8=Stella S |last9=Ferro |first9=Charles J |last10=Gerdts |first10=Eva |last11=Hanssen |first11=Henner |last12=Harris |first12=Julie |last13=Lauder |first13=Lucas |last14=McManus |first14=Richard J |last15=Molloy |first15=Gerard J |display-authors=5 |date=2024-08-30 |title=2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension: Developed by the task force on the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and endorsed by the European Society of Endocrinology (ESE) and the European Stroke Organisation (ESO) |journal=European Heart Journal |volume=45 |issue=38 |pages=3912–4018 |language=en |doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehae178 |doi-access=free |pmid=39210715 |issn=0195-668X}} * 2023 {{Tooltip|ESH|European Society of Hypertension}} guideline: {{Cite journal |last1=Mancia |first1=Giuseppe |last2=Kreutz |first2=Reinhold |last3=Brunström |first3=Mattias |last4=Burnier |first4=Michel |last5=Grassi |first5=Guido |last6=Januszewicz |first6=Andrzej |last7=Muiesan |first7=Maria Lorenza |last8=Tsioufis |first8=Konstantinos |last9=Agabiti-Rosei |first9=Enrico |last10=Algharably |first10=Engi Abd Elhady |last11=Azizi |first11=Michel |last12=Benetos |first12=Athanase |last13=Borghi |first13=Claudio |last14=Hitij |first14=Jana Brguljan |last15=Cifkova |first15=Renata |display-authors = 6 |date=2023-12-01 |title=2023 ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension: Endorsed by the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) and the European Renal Association (ERA) |journal=Journal of Hypertension |volume=41 |issue=12 |pages=1874–2071 |doi=10.1097/HJH.0000000000003480 |issn=1473-5598 |pmid=37345492|doi-access=free |hdl=11379/603005 |hdl-access=free }} * 2022 {{Tooltip|AAFP|American Academy of Family Physicians}} guideline: {{Cite journal |last1=Coles |first1=Sarah |last2=Fisher |first2=Lynn |last3=Lin |first3=Kenneth W. |last4=Lyon |first4=Corey |last5=Vosooney |first5=Alexis A. |last6=Bird |first6=Melanie D. |date=December 2022 |title=Blood Pressure Targets in Adults With Hypertension: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the AAFP |journal=American Family Physician |volume=106 |issue=6 |pages=Online |issn=1532-0650 |pmid=36521481}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20251127103224/https://www.aafp.org/dam/AAFP/documents/journals/afp/AAFPHypertensionGuideline.pdf Key recommendations]. * 2019 {{Tooltip|NICE|National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence}} guideline: {{Cite web |title= Hypertension in adults: diagnosis and management |url=https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/NG136 |website=National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) |date=2019-08-28}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q41861|c=Category:Hypertension|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=Travelling with high blood pressure|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Hypertension| ]] [[Category:Medical conditions wey relate to obesity]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 9bd8qw5qemmkyy9c8dm3lodej3oym35 0 22873 112319 110773 2026-09-24T16:47:12Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112319 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Acromegaly''' be a disorder wey dey result in excess growth of certain parts of de human body. E be caused by excess growth hormone (GH) after na de growth plates close. De initial symptom be typically enlargement of de hands den feet.<ref name="NIH20122">{{cite web |date=April 2012 |title=Acromegaly |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/endocrine/acromegaly/Pages/fact-sheet.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827213949/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/endocrine/acromegaly/Pages/fact-sheet.aspx |archive-date=27 August 2016 |access-date=20 August 2016 |website=NIDDK}}</ref> Der sanso be an enlargement of de forehead, jaw, den nose. Oda symptoms fi include joint pain, thickened skin, deepening of de voice, headaches, den problems plus vision.<ref name="NIH20122" /> Complications of de disease fi include type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, den high blood pressure.<ref name="NIH20122" /> ==Notable people== * Salvatore Baccaro (1932–1984), Italian character actor. * Paul Benedict (1938–2008), American actor.<ref>{{cite news | author = Times Staff And Wire Reports |title= Paul Benedict dies at 70; actor from 'The Jeffersons' and 'Sesame Street' |url= http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-benedict5-2008dec05-story.html | work = Los Angeles Times |date=5 December 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160826223054/http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-benedict5-2008dec05-story.html |archive-date=26 August 2016 }}</ref> * Mary Ann Bevan (1874–1933), an English woman.<ref name="nfa">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2007 |title=National Fairground Archive – Extracts from ''World's Fair'', 1931–1940 |url=http://www.nfa.dept.shef.ac.uk/history/worlds_fair/extracts/1931–1940.html#fleetwood |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518091933/http://www.nfa.dept.shef.ac.uk/history/worlds_fair/extracts/1931-1940.html#fleetwood |archive-date=18 May 2015 |access-date=28 July 2025 |website=The University of Sheffield}}</ref> * Eddie Carmel, born Oded Ha-Carmeili (1936–1972), Mandatory Palestine-born entertainer * Rondo Hatton (1894–1946), American journalist den actor.<ref name="SPobit">{{cite news|last1=Duryea|first1=Bill|name-list-style=vanc|title=Floridian: In love with a monster|url=http://www.sptimes.com/News/62799/Floridian/In_love_with_a_monste.shtml|work=St Petersburg Times|date=27 June 1999|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160608203416/http://www.sptimes.com/News/62799/Floridian/In_love_with_a_monste.shtml|archive-date=8 June 2016}}</ref> * Irwin Keyes (1952–2015), American actor.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dagan|first1=Carmel|name-list-style=vanc|title=Irwin Keyes, Horror Movie Character Actor, Dies at 63|url=https://variety.com/2015/film/people-news/irwin-keyes-horror-dead-dies-1201536421/|work=Variety|date=8 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529001656/http://variety.com/2015/film/people-news/irwin-keyes-horror-dead-dies-1201536421/|archive-date=29 May 2016}}</ref> * Richard Kiel (1939–2014), actor * Sultan Kösen<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tallest man living |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/tallest-man-living |access-date=25 September 2025 |website=Guinness World Records}}</ref> * Neil McCarthy (1932–85), British actor.<ref>{{cite web |last=Stampede |first=Pete |name-list-style=vanc |title=Neil McCarthy |url=http://theavengers.tv/forever/pnote-mccarthy.htm |access-date=29 January 2014 |work=The Avengers Forever}}</ref> * The Great Khali (Dalip Singh Rana), Indian professional wrestler.<ref>{{cite web |last=Harish |first=Alon |name-list-style=vanc |title=WWE Star Great Khali's Growth-Inducing Tumor Removed |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/star-wrestler-great-khali-tumor-removed-caused-size/story?id=16874060 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304211513/https://abcnews.go.com/Health/star-wrestler-great-khali-tumor-removed-caused-size/story?id=16874060 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |publisher=ABC News}}</ref> * André the Giant (André Roussimoff, 1946–1993), French professional wrestler den actor * Maximinus Thrax, Roman emperor ({{circa|173}}, he reign 235–238) * The French Angel (Maurice Tillet, 1903–1954), Russian-born French professional wrestler.<ref>{{cite web |last=Oliver |first=Greg |name-list-style=vanc |title=The French Angel was more man than monster |url=http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2011/12/14/19123831.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150706024343/http://slam.canoe.com/Slam/Wrestling/2011/12/14/19123831.html |archive-date=6 July 2015 |work=SLAM! Wrestling}}</ref> * Pío Pico, de last Mexican Governor of California (1801–1894)<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Login IS, Login J |date=July 2008 |title=Governor Pio Pico, the monster of California...no more: lessons in neuroendocrinology |journal=Pituitary |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=80–6 |doi=10.1007/s11102-008-0127-1 |pmc=2807602 |pmid=18597174}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Nawar RN, AbdelMannan D, Selman WR, Arafah BM |year=2008 |title=Pituitary tumor apoplexy: a review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-intensive-care-medicine_march-april-2008_23_2/page/n4 |journal=Journal of Intensive Care Medicine |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=75–90 |doi=10.1177/0885066607312992 |pmid=18372348 |s2cid=34782106}}</ref> * Leonel Edmundo Rivero, Argentine tango singer, composer den impresario * Tony Robbins, motivational speaker<ref name="Plaskin2013">{{cite news|last1=Plaskin|first1=Glenn|name-list-style=vanc|title=Playboy Interview: Tony Robbins|url=http://www.playboy.com/articles/tony-robbins-playboy-interview|access-date=5 March 2015|work=Playboy|date=13 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402093816/http://www.playboy.com/articles/tony-robbins-playboy-interview|archive-date=2 April 2015}}</ref> * Antônio "Bigfoot" Silva, Brazilian kickboxer den mixed martial artist.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 December 2013 |title=Ex-treinador de Pezão, André Benkei explica doença do lutador e afirma: 'Ele jamais colocaria a saúde em risco' |url=https://extra.globo.com/esporte/mma/ex-treinador-de-pezao-andre-benkei-explica-doenca-do-lutador-afirma-ele-jamais-colocaria-saude-em-risco-11143681.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 September 2014 |title=TRT ban forces UFC headliner 'Bigfoot' Silva into surgery |url=https://mmajunkie.usatoday.com/2014/09/trt-ban-forces-ufc-headliner-bigfoot-silva-into-surgery}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=UFC title hopeful 'Bigfoot' Silva a real-life giant |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/ufc/2013/05/23/ufc-title-hopeful-bigfoot-silva-gigantism-ufc-160/2356405/ |website=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> * Carel Struycken, Dutch actor<ref>{{cite news|last1=McLellan|first1=Dennis|title=Shedding Light on a Rare Disease: Woman Hopes O.C. Group Will Increase Awareness of Life-Threatening Effects of Excessive-Growth Illness|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-12-27-vw-5207-story.html|work=Los Angeles Times|date=27 December 1992}}</ref> * Nikolai Valuev, Russian politician den former professional boxer * Big Show (Paul Wight), American professional wrestler den actor.<ref>{{Cite news|title=A giant among men|url=https://www.augustachronicle.com/story/entertainment/local/2011/04/02/giant-among-men/14549252007/|last=Emerson|first=LaTina|date=2011-04-02}}</ref> * Pianist den composer Sergei Rachmaninoff (1873–1943)<ref>{{cite journal |last=Ramachandran |first=Manoj |author2=Jeffrey K Aronson |date=Oct 2006 |title=The diagnosis of art: Rachmaninov's hand span |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_royal-society-of-medicine-great-britain-journal_2006-10_99_10/page/529 |journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine |volume=99 |issue=10 |pages=529–30 |doi=10.1177/014107680609901015 |pmc=1592053 |pmid=17066567}}</ref> * Matthew McGrory, (1973–2005) American actor<ref>{{Cite web |title=Misbehaving Pituitaries |url=https://www.damninteresting.com/misbehaving-pituitaries/ |access-date=16 August 2024 |website=Damn Interesting |language=en-US}}</ref> * Marjon van Iwaarden, Dutch singer<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2020 |title=Dutch Acromegaly Patient Marjon van Iwaarden Shares Her Story |url=https://acromegalysupport.com/marjon-van-iwaarden-shares-her-story/ |access-date=16 August 2024 |website=Acromegaly Support - Rare Disease Awareness, Education, and Support |language=en-US}}</ref> * Gheorghe Mureșan, Romanian former basketball player dem nickname The Giant * Jacob Grommer (1879–1933) Belarusian mathematician.<ref>Gutfreund, Hanoch and Jürgen Renn. ''The Formative Years of Relativity: The History and Meaning of Einstein's Princeton Lectures''. Princeton University Press. 2017. Page 393.</ref><ref>Denis, Brian. ''Einstein: A Life''. John Wiley & Sons. 1997. Page 169.</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170829231006/https://www.aace.com/files/acromegaly-guidelines.pdf 2011 American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Guideline] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829231006/https://www.aace.com/files/acromegaly-guidelines.pdf |date=29 August 2017 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110623033606/http://www.endocrine.niddk.nih.gov/pubs/acro/acro.htm Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Information Service] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Endocrine-related cutaneous conditions]] [[Category:Growth disorders]] [[Category:Growth hormones]] [[Category:Neuroendocrinology]] [[Category:Pituitary disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 7dkuhd2nmd7s4rnk2dw1dma8n1ojxzq 0 22879 112318 83147 2026-09-24T16:46:19Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112318 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome''' ('''CHS''') be recurrent nausea, vomiting, den cramping abdominal pain wey fi occur secof cannabis use.<ref name="Sor2016">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sorensen CJ, DeSanto K, Borgelt L, Phillips KT, Monte AA | title = Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Treatment-a Systematic Review | journal = Journal of Medical Toxicology | volume = 13 | issue = 1 | pages = 71–87 | date = March 2017 | pmid = 28000146 | pmc = 5330965 | doi = 10.1007/s13181-016-0595-z }}</ref><ref name="devuono">{{cite journal | vauthors = DeVuono MV, Parker LA | title = Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: A Review of Potential Mechanisms | journal = Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research | volume = 5 | issue = 2 | pages = 132–144 | date = June 2020 | pmid = 32656345 | pmc = 7347072 | doi = 10.1089/can.2019.0059 }}</ref> CHS be associated plus frequent (weekly anaa more often), long-term (several months anaa longer) cannabis use; synthetic cannabinoids sanso fi cause CHS.<ref name="devuono" /><ref name="BMJ20193">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chocron Y, Zuber JP, Vaucher J |date=July 2019 |title=Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome |journal=BMJ |volume=366 |doi=10.1136/bmj.l4336 |pmid=31324702 |s2cid=198133206 |article-number=l4336}}</ref> De underlying mechanism be unclear, plus several possibilities dem propose.<ref name="devuono" /><ref name="korn">{{cite journal |vauthors=Korn F, Hammerich S, Gries A |date=February 2021 |title=[Cannabinoid hyperemesis as a differential diagnosis of nausea and vomiting in the emergency department] |journal=Der Anaesthesist |type=Review |language=de |volume=70 |issue=2 |pages=158–160 |doi=10.1007/s00101-020-00850-2 |pmc=7850992 |pmid=33090239}}</ref> Diagnosis be based on de symptoms; a history of cannabis use, especially persistent, frequent use of high-dose cannabis products; den ruling out oda possible causes of hyperemesis (persistent vomiting).<ref name="BMJ20193" /> De condition typically be present for sam time before dem make de diagnosis.<ref name="BMJ20193" /> De known curative treatment per give CHS be to stop using cannabis.<ref name="korn" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Sorensen CJ, DeSanto K, Borgelt L, Phillips KT, Monte AA |date=March 2017 |title=Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Treatment-a Systematic Review |journal=Journal of Medical Toxicology |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=71–87 |doi=10.1007/s13181-016-0595-z |pmc=5330965 |pmid=28000146}}</ref> Symptoms usually dey remit after two weeks of complete abstinence, although sam patients continue dey experience nausea, cyclic vomiting, anaa abdominal pain for up to 90 days.<ref name="BMJ20193" /><ref name="Sun">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sun S, Zimmermann AE |date=September 2013 |title=Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome |journal=Hospital Pharmacy |volume=48 |issue=8 |pages=650–655 |doi=10.1310/hpj4808-650 |pmc=3847982 |pmid=24421535}}</ref> Treatments during an episode of vomiting generally be supportive insyd nature (one example be hydration). Der be tentative evidence for de use of capsaicin cream on de abdomen during an acute episode.<ref name="korn" /> Frequent hot showers anaa baths both be a possible [[Signs and symptoms|sign]] (diagnostic indicator) of CHS, den a short-term palliative treatment (dem often call ''hot water hydrotherapy'' insyd de medical literature).<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Senderovich H, Patel P, Jimenez Lopez B, Waicus S |date=2022 |title=A Systematic Review on Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome and Its Management Options |journal=Medical Principles and Practice |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=29–38 |doi=10.1159/000520417 |pmc=8995641 |pmid=34724666 |quote=Hot water hydrotherapy is a common self-treatment for patients diagnosed with CHS as it can cause redirection of blood flow from the enteric system to the skin.}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Richards JR, Lapoint JM, Burillo-Putze G |date=January 2018 |title=Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome: potential mechanisms for the benefit of capsaicin and hot water hydrotherapy in treatment |journal=Clinical Toxicology |volume=56 |issue=1 |pages=15–24 |doi=10.1080/15563650.2017.1349910 |pmid=28730896}}</ref> Another condition wey dey present similarly be cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS).<ref name="Gal2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Galli JA, Sawaya RA, Friedenberg FK |date=December 2011 |title=Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome |journal=Current Drug Abuse Reviews |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=241–249 |doi=10.2174/1874473711104040241 |pmc=3576702 |pmid=22150623}}</ref> De primary differentiation between CHS den CVS be dat cessation of cannabis use dey resolve CHS, buh no be CVS.<ref name="devuono" /> Anoda key difference be say CVS symptoms typically dey begin during de early morning; predominant morning symptoms no be characteristic of CHS.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Venkatesan T, Levinthal DJ, Tarbell SE, Jaradeh SS, Hasler WL, Issenman RM, Adams KA, Sarosiek I, Stave CD, Sharaf RN, Sultan S, Li BU |date=June 2019 |title=Guidelines on management of cyclic vomiting syndrome in adults by the American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society and the Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Association |journal=Neurogastroenterology and Motility |volume=31 |issue=Suppl 2 |doi=10.1111/nmo.13604 |pmc=6899751 |pmid=31241819 |article-number=e13604}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rotella JA, Ferretti OG, Raisi E, Seet HR, Sarkar S |date=August 2022 |title=Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome: A 6-year audit of adult presentations to an urban district hospital |journal=Emergency Medicine Australasia |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=578–583 |doi=10.1111/1742-6723.13944 |pmc=9545654 |pmid=35199462}}</ref> Distinguishing de two fi be difficult since chaw people plus CVS dey use cannabis, possibly to relieve dema symptoms.<ref name="devuono" /> Na dem first describe de syndrome insyd 2004, wey na dem publish simplified diagnostic criteria insyd 2009.<ref name="Allen">{{cite journal |vauthors=Allen JH, de Moore GM, Heddle R, Twartz JC |date=November 2004 |title=Cannabinoid hyperemesis: cyclical hyperemesis in association with chronic cannabis abuse |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_gut_2004-11_53_11/page/1566 |journal=Gut |volume=53 |issue=11 |pages=1566–1570 |doi=10.1136/gut.2003.036350 |pmc=1774264 |pmid=15479672}}</ref><ref name="Sontineni">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sontineni SP, Chaudhary S, Sontineni V, Lanspa SJ |date=March 2009 |title=Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome: clinical diagnosis of an underrecognised manifestation of chronic cannabis abuse |journal=World Journal of Gastroenterology |volume=15 |issue=10 |pages=1264–1266 |doi=10.3748/wjg.15.1264 |pmc=2658859 |pmid=19291829 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite journal | vauthors = Deceuninck E, Jacques D | title = Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome: a review of the literature | journal = Psychiatria Danubina | volume = 31 | issue = Suppl 3 | pages = 390–394 | date = September 2019 | pmid = 31488758 | doi = | type = Review }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Khattar N, Routsolias JC | title = Emergency Department Treatment of Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: A Review | journal = American Journal of Therapeutics | volume = 25 | issue = 3 | pages = e357–e361 | date = 2018 | pmid = 28953512 | doi = 10.1097/MJT.0000000000000655 | type = Review | s2cid = 9800385 | doi-access = free }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Leu N, Routsolias JC | title = Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: A Review of the Presentation and Treatment | journal = Journal of Emergency Nursing | volume = 47 | issue = 3 | pages = 483–486 | date = May 2021 | pmid = 33712244 | doi = 10.1016/j.jen.2020.11.006 | type = Review | s2cid = 232218693 }} *{{Cite news | vauthors = Sanders L |date=2022-11-16 |title=It Was Her Third Visit to the E.R. What Was Causing Her Abdominal Pain? |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/16/magazine/cannabinoid-hyperemesis-syndrome-diagnosis.html |access-date=2022-11-25 |issn=0362-4331}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome}} [[Category:Cannabis den health]] [[Category:Vomiting]] [[Category:Chronic pain syndromes]] [[Category:Substance intoxication]] [[Category:2004 neologisms]] [[Category:21st century insyd medicine]] [[Category:Syndromes wey dey affect de gastrointestinal tract]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] eeyj1s9e01qgs5e4v23jmdiwagbjd0g 0 22895 112326 83189 2026-09-24T16:55:05Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112326 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pancreatitis''' be a condition wey be characterized by inflammation of de pancreas.<ref name="NID20124" /> De pancreas be a large organ behind de stomach wey dey produce digestive enzymes den a number of hormones.<ref name="NID20124" /> Der be two main types, acute pancreatitis den chronic pancreatitis.<ref name="NID20124" /> Signs den symptoms of pancreatitis dey include pain insyd de upper abdomen, nausea, den vomiting.<ref name="NID20124" /> De pain often dey go into de back wey e be usually severe.<ref name="NID20124" /> Insyd acute pancreatitis, a fever fi occur; symptoms typically dey resolve insyd a few days.<ref name="NID20124" /> Insyd chronic pancreatitis, weight loss, fatty stool, den diarrhea fi occur.<ref name="NID20124" /><ref name="Gastroenterology2007">{{cite journal |vauthors=Witt H, Apte MV, Keim V, Wilson JS |date=April 2007 |title=Chronic pancreatitis: challenges and advances in pathogenesis, genetics, diagnosis, and therapy |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_gastroenterology_2007-04_132_4/page/1557 |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=132 |issue=4 |pages=1557–1573 |doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.001 |pmid=17466744 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Complications fi include infection, bleeding, diabetes mellitus, anaa problems plus oda organs.<ref name="NID20124">{{cite web |date=August 16, 2012 |title=Pancreatitis |url=http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/pancreatitis/Pages/facts.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150307095945/http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/digestive-diseases/pancreatitis/Pages/facts.aspx |archive-date=7 March 2015 |access-date=1 March 2015 |website=The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases |publisher=National Institutes of Health}}</ref> De two most common causes of acute pancreatitis be a gallstone wey dey block de common bile duct after na de pancreatic duct join; den heavy alcohol use.<ref name="NID20124" /> Oda causes dey include direct trauma, certain medications, infections such as mumps, den tumors.<ref name="NID20124" /> Chronic pancreatitis fi develop as a result of acute pancreatitis.<ref name="NID20124" /> E be most commonly secof chaw years of heavy alcohol use.<ref name="NID20124" /> Oda causes dey include high levels of blood fats, high blood calcium, sam medications, den certain genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis, among odas.<ref name="NID20124" /> Smoking dey increase de risk of both acute den chronic pancreatitis.<ref name="Lancet2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lankisch PG, Apte M, Banks PA |date=July 2015 |title=Acute pancreatitis |url=https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/bitstreams/b0928ca3-6d41-48b9-ac8e-24c08d9ee61b/download |journal=Lancet |volume=386 |issue=9988 |pages=85–96 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60649-8 |hdl=1959.4/unsworks_49570 |pmid=25616312 |s2cid=25600369 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Yad2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yadav D, Lowenfels AB |date=June 2013 |title=The epidemiology of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=144 |issue=6 |pages=1252–1261 |doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2013.01.068 |pmc=3662544 |pmid=23622135}}</ref> Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis dey base on a threefold increase insyd de blood of either amylase anaa lipase.<ref name="NID20124" /> Insyd chronic pancreatitis, dese tests fi be normal.<ref name="NID20124" /> Medical imaging such as ultrasound den CT scan sanso fi be useful.<ref name="NID20124" /> Dem usually dey treat acute pancreatitis plus intravenous fluids, pain medication, den sam times antibiotics.<ref name="NID20124" /> For patients plus severe pancreatitis wey no fi tolerate normal oral food consumption, dem dey place a nasogastric tube insyd de stomach.<ref name="NID20124" /><ref name=":2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tenner S, Vege SS, Sheth SG, Sauer B, Yang A, Conwell DL, Yadlapati RH, Gardner TB |date=March 2024 |title=American College of Gastroenterology Guidelines: Management of Acute Pancreatitis |journal=The American Journal of Gastroenterology |volume=119 |issue=3 |pages=419–437 |doi=10.14309/ajg.0000000000002645 |pmid=38857482}}</ref> Dem fi do a procedure dem know as an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) to examine de distal common bile duct den remove a gallstone if e be present.<ref name="NID20124" /> Insyd those plus gallstones dem often sanso dey remove de gallbladder.<ref name="NID20124" /> Insyd chronic pancreatitis, in addition to de above, dem fi use temporary feeding thru a nasogastric tube to provide adequate nutrition.<ref name="NID20124" /> Long-term dietary changes den pancreatic enzyme replacement fi be required.<ref name="NID20124" /> Occasionally, dem dey do surgery to remove parts of de pancreas.<ref name="NID20124" /> Globally, insyd 2015 na about 8.9 million cases of pancreatitis occur.<ref name="GBD2015Pre">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, Carter A, Casey DC, Charlson FJ, Chen AZ, Coggeshall M, Cornaby L, Dandona L, Dicker DJ, Dilegge T, Erskine HE, Ferrari AJ, Fitzmaurice C, Fleming T, Forouzanfar MH, Fullman N, Gething PW, Goldberg EM, Graetz N, Haagsma JA, Hay SI, Johnson CO, Kassebaum NJ, Kawashima T, Kemmer L |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1545–1602 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 |pmc=5055577 |pmid=27733282}}</ref> Dis result in 132,700 deaths, up from 83,000 deaths insyd 1990.<ref name="GBD2015De">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, Casey DC, Charlson FJ, Chen AZ, Coates MM, Coggeshall M, Dandona L, Dicker DJ, Erskine HE, Ferrari AJ, Fitzmaurice C, Foreman K, Forouzanfar MH, Fraser MS, Fullman N, Gething PW, Goldberg EM, Graetz N, Haagsma JA, Hay SI, Huynh C, Johnson CO, Kassebaum NJ, Kinfu Y, Kulikoff XR |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1459–1544 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1 |pmc=5388903 |pmid=27733281}}</ref><ref name="GDB2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=((GBD 2013 Mortality Causes of Death Collaborators)) |date=January 2015 |title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 |journal=Lancet |volume=385 |issue=9963 |pages=117–171 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2 |pmc=4340604 |pmid=25530442}}</ref> Acute pancreatitis dey occur insyd about 30 per 100,000 people a year.<ref name="Lancet2015" /> New cases of chronic pancreatitis dey develop insyd about 8 per 100,000 people a year den currently dey affect about 50 per 100,000 people insyd de United States.<ref name="Mun204">{{cite journal |vauthors=Muniraj T, Aslanian HR, Farrell J, Jamidar PA |date=December 2014 |title=Chronic pancreatitis, a comprehensive review and update. Part I: epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, genetics, pathophysiology, and clinical features |journal=Disease-a-Month |volume=60 |issue=12 |pages=530–550 |doi=10.1016/j.disamonth.2014.11.002 |pmid=25510320}}</ref> E be more common insyd men dan women.<ref name="NID20124" /> Often chronic pancreatitis dey start between de ages of 30 den 40 wey e be rare insyd kiddies.<ref name="NID20124" /> Na dem first describe acute pancreatitis on autopsy insyd 1882 while na dem first describe chronic pancreatitis insyd 1946.<ref name="Mun204" /> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK84399/ GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on PRSS1-Related Hereditary Pancreatitis] * {{cite web | url = https://medlineplus.gov/pancreatitis.html | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine | work = MedlinePlus | title = Pancreatitis }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Abdominal pain]] [[Category:Herpes simplex virus–associated diseases]] [[Category:Inflammations]] [[Category:Metabolic disorders]] [[Category:Pancreas disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] rfy7goxhachnu8c7jzfhg4y5zqjevw8 0 22929 112400 83306 2026-09-24T18:57:04Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112400 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Myasthenia gravis''' ('''MG''') be a long-term neuromuscular junction disease wey dey lead to varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness.<ref name="NIH20163">{{Cite web |title=Myasthenia Gravis Fact Sheet |url=https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Myasthenia-Gravis-Fact-Sheet |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916071758/https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Myasthenia-Gravis-Fact-Sheet |archive-date=16 September 2021 |access-date=22 September 2021 |website=National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke}}</ref> De most commonly affected muscles be those of de eyes, face, den swallowing.<ref name="NIH20163" /><ref name="auto1">{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Salari N, Fatahi B, Bartina Y, Kazeminia M, Fatahian R, Mohammadi P, Shohaimi S, Mohammadi M |date=December 2021 |title=Global prevalence of myasthenia gravis and the effectiveness of common drugs in its treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=Journal of Translational Medicine |volume=19 |issue=1 |article-number=516 |doi=10.1186/s12967-021-03185-7 |pmc=8686543 |pmid=34930325 |doi-access=free}}</ref> E fi result in double vision, drooping eyelids, den difficulties in talking den walking.<ref name="NIH20163" /> Onset fi be sudden.<ref name="NIH20163" /> Those wey be affected often get a large thymus anaa develop a thymoma.<ref name="NIH20163" /> Myasthenia gravis be an [[autoimmune disease]] of de neuromuscular junction wich dey result from antibodies wey dey block anaa destroy nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChR) at de junction between de nerve den muscle.<ref name="NIH20163" /><ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK571915/ |title=Rituximab for the Treatment of Myasthenia Gravis: A 2021 Update [Internet]. |date=April 2021 |publisher=Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health |location=Ottawa (ON) |pmid=34255447 |access-date=27 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707052128/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK571915/ |archive-date=7 July 2022 |url-status=live |vauthors=Young C, McGill SC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Dabi A, Solieman N, Kurukumbi M, Kalyanam J |year=2012 |title=Myasthenia Gravis: A Review |journal=Autoimmune Diseases |volume=2012 |pages=1–10 |doi=10.1155/2012/874680 |pmc=3501798 |pmid=23193443 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dis dey prevent nerve impulses from triggering muscle contractions.<ref name="NIH20163" /> Chaw cases be secof immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) den IgG3 antibodies wey dey attack AChR insyd de postsynaptic membrane, wey dey cause complement-mediated damage den muscle weakness.<ref name="Pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Phillips WD, Vincent A |date=1 January 2016 |title=Pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis: update on disease types, models, and mechanisms |journal=F1000Research |volume=5 |page=1513 |doi=10.12688/f1000research.8206.1 |pmc=4926737 |pmid=27408701 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Rarely, an inherited genetic defect insyd de neuromuscular junction dey result in a similar condition dem know as congenital myasthenia.<ref name="Kandel2012">{{Cite book |title=Principles of Neural Science |vauthors=Kandel E, Schwartz J, Jessel T, Siegelbaum S, Hudspeth A |year=2012 |edition=5 |pages=318–319}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Vrinten C, van der Zwaag AM, Weinreich SS, Scholten RJ, Verschuuren JJ |date=December 2014 |title=Ephedrine for myasthenia gravis, neonatal myasthenia and the congenital myasthenic syndromes |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2014 |issue=12 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD010028.pub2 |pmc=7387729 |pmid=25515947 |article-number=CD010028}}</ref> Babies of mommies plus myasthenia fi get symptoms during dema first few months of life, dem know as neonatal myasthenia<ref name="NIH20163" /> anaa more specifically transient neonatal myasthenia gravis.<ref name="pmid38398450">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Lindroos JL, Bjørk MH, Gilhus NE |date=February 2024 |title=Transient Neonatal Myasthenia Gravis as a Common Complication of a Rare Disease: A Systematic Review |journal=Journal of Clinical Medicine |volume=13 |issue=4 |page=1136 |doi=10.3390/jcm13041136 |pmc=10889526 |pmid=38398450 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Diagnosis fi be supported by blood tests for specific antibodies, de edrophonium test, electromyography (EMG), anaa a nerve conduction study.<ref name="NIH20163" /> Mild forms of myasthenia gravis fi be treated plus medications dem know as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, such as neostigmine den pyridostigmine.<ref name="NIH20163" /> Immunosuppressants, such as prednisone anaa azathioprine, sanso fi be required for more severe symptoms wey acetylcholinesterase inhibitors be insufficient to treat.<ref name="NIH20163" /> De surgical removal of de thymus fi improve symptoms insyd certain cases.<ref name="NIH20163" /> Plasmapheresis den high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin fi be used wen oral medications be insufficient to treat severe symptoms, wey dey include during sudden flares of de condition.<ref name="NIH20163" /> If de breathing muscles cam be significantly weak, mechanical ventilation fi be required.<ref name="NIH20163" /> Once intubated acetylcholinesterase inhibitors fi be temporarily held make e reduce airway secretions.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Godoy DA, Mello LJ, Masotti L, Di Napoli M |date=September 2013 |title=The myasthenic patient in crisis: an update of the management in Neurointensive Care Unit |journal=Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria |volume=71 |issue=9A |pages=627–39 |doi=10.1590/0004-282X20130108 |pmid=24141444 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Myasthenia gravis dey affect 50 to 200 people per million.<ref name="Kam2009">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DampyXkudq8C&pg=PA72 |title=Myasthenia Gravis and Related Disorders |vauthors=Kaminski HJ |date=2009 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-1-59745-156-7 |edition=2 |page=72 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908162031/https://books.google.com/books?id=DampyXkudq8C&pg=PA72 |archive-date=8 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Adams2012">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rpoH-KYE93IC&pg=PA844 |title=Emergency Medicine: Clinical Essentials |vauthors=Adams JG |date=2012 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-1-4557-3394-1 |edition=2 |page=844 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908162031/https://books.google.com/books?id=rpoH-KYE93IC&pg=PA844 |archive-date=8 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> E be newly diagnosed insyd 3 to 30 people per million each year.<ref name="McG2010">{{Cite journal |vauthors=McGrogan A, Sneddon S, de Vries CS |year=2010 |title=The incidence of myasthenia gravis: a systematic literature review |journal=Neuroepidemiology |volume=34 |issue=3 |pages=171–183 |doi=10.1159/000279334 |pmid=20130418}}</ref> Diagnosis cam be more common secof increased awareness.<ref name="McG2010" /> Myasthenia gravis most commonly dey occur insyd women under de age of 40 den insyd men over de age of 60.<ref name="NIH20163" /><ref name="auto1" /><ref name="auto2">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Conti-Fine BM, Milani M, Kaminski HJ |date=November 2006 |title=Myasthenia gravis: past, present, and future |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-investigation_2006-11_116_11/page/2843 |journal=The Journal of Clinical Investigation |volume=116 |issue=11 |pages=2843–2854 |doi=10.1172/JCI29894 |pmc=1626141 |pmid=17080188}}</ref> E be uncommon insyd kiddies.<ref name="NIH20163" /> Plus treatment, chaw dey live to an average life expectancy.<ref name="NIH20163" /> De word be from de Greek ''mys'', "muscle" den ''asthenia'' "weakness", den de Latin ''gravis'', "serious".<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o4HwCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA87 |title=Introduction to Medical Terminology |vauthors=Ehrlich A, Schroeder CL |date=2014 |publisher=Cengage Learning |isbn=978-1-133-95174-2 |page=87 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908162031/https://books.google.com/books?id=o4HwCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA87 |archive-date=8 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Zhang Z, Guo J, Su G, Li J, Wu H, Xie X |date=17 November 2014 |title=Evaluation of the quality of guidelines for myasthenia gravis with the AGREE II instrument |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=9 |issue=11 |article-number=e111796 |bibcode=2014PLoSO...9k1796Z |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0111796 |pmc=4234220 |pmid=25402504 |doi-access=free}} * {{Cite web |title=Diagnostic: Myasthenia gravis |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/conditions/C0026896/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171210102710/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gtr/conditions/C0026896/ |archive-date=10 December 2017 |access-date=2015-07-11 |website=National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) |publisher=U.S. National Library of Medicine}} == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://myasthenia.org/ Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA)] * [https://myastheniagravisnews.com/ Myasthenia Gravis News] * [https://www.myaware.org/ myaware.org] * [https://myastheniagravis.org/ Conquer MG] {{Autoimmune diseases}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Myasthenia Gravis}} [[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] [[Category:Myoneural junction den neuromuscular diseases]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] opb0hbdqz58qfocs32tf37w0oyin5r6 0 22946 112396 110742 2026-09-24T18:50:56Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112396 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bed bugs''' be parasitic insects from de genus ''Cimex'', wich be micropredators wey dey feed on blood, usually for nightie.<ref name="CDC2017Trans3">{{cite web |date=2 May 2017 |title=Bed Bugs FAQs |url=https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/bedbugs/faqs.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922030210/https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/bedbugs/faqs.html |archive-date=22 September 2018 |access-date=2 October 2018 |publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]}}</ref> Dema bites fi result in a number of health issues, wey dey include skin rashes, psychological effects, den allergic symptoms.<ref name=GP2009>{{cite journal |vauthors=Doggett SL, Russell R |title=Bed bugs – What the GP needs to know |journal=Aust Fam Physician |volume=38 |issue=11 |pages=880–4 |date=November 2009 |pmid=19893834 }}</ref> Bed bug bites fi lead to skin changes wey dey range from small areas of redness to prominent blisters.<ref name="And2006">{{cite book |author1=James, William D. |title=Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology |url=https://archive.org/details/andrewsdiseaseso0000jame_10ed |author2=Berger, Timothy G. |publisher=Saunders Elsevier |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-7216-2921-6 |page=[https://archive.org/details/andrewsdiseaseso0000jame_10ed/page/446 446] |display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref name="Ib2017">{{cite journal |last1=Ibrahim |first1=O |last2=Syed |first2=UM |last3=Tomecki |first3=KJ |date=March 2017 |title=Bedbugs: Helping your patient through an infestation. |journal=Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine |volume=84 |issue=3 |pages=207–211 |doi=10.3949/ccjm.84a.15024 |pmid=28322676 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Symptoms fi take between minutes to days to appear den itchiness be generally present.<ref name="Ib2017" /> Sam individuals fi feel tired anaa get a fever.<ref name="Ib2017" /> Typically, uncovered areas of be body be affected.<ref name="Ib2017" /> Dema bites no be known to transmit any infectious disease.<ref name="CDC2017Trans3" /><ref name="GP2009" /><ref name="Parola">{{cite journal |last1=Parola |first1=Philippe |last2=Izri |first2=Arezki |date=4 June 2020 |title=Bedbugs |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |volume=382 |issue=23 |pages=2230–2237 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp1905840 |pmid=32492304 |s2cid=219315855}}</ref> Complications fi rarely include areas of dead skin anaa [[vasculitis]].<ref name="Ib2017" /> Bed bug bites be caused primarily by two species of insects: ''Cimex lectularius'' (de common bed bug) den ''Cimex hemipterus'', dem find primarily insyd de tropics.<ref name="JAMA2009">{{cite journal |author1=Jerome Goddard |author2=Richard deShazo |year=2009 |title=Bed bugs (''Cimex lectularius'') and clinical consequences of their bites |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2009-04-01_301_13/page/1358 |journal=[[Journal of the American Medical Association]] |volume=301 |issue=13 |pages=1358–1366 |doi=10.1001/jama.2009.405 |pmid=19336711 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dema size dey range between 1 den 7&nbsp;mm.<ref name="CDC2017Trans3" /> Dem dey spread by crawling between nearby locations anaa dem be carried within personal items.<ref name="Ib2017" /> Infestation be rarely secof a lack of hygiene buh e be more common insyd high-density areas.<ref name="Ib2017" /><ref name="Hild2009">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hildreth CJ, Burke AE, Glass RM |date=April 2009 |title=JAMA patient page. Bed bugs |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2009-04-01_301_13/page/n95 |journal=JAMA |volume=301 |issue=13 |page=1398 |doi=10.1001/jama.301.13.1398 |pmid=19336718 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Diagnosis dey involve both finding de bugs den de occurrence of compatible symptoms.<ref name="GP2009" /> Bed bugs dey spend chaw of dema time insyd dark, hidden locations like mattress seams, anaa cracks insyd a wall.<ref name="Ib2017" /> Treatment be directed towards de symptoms.<ref name="Ib2017" /> Eliminating bed bugs from de home often be difficult, partly secof bed bugs fi survive up to approximately 300 days widout feeding.<ref name="Parola" /><ref name="Dog20122">{{cite journal |last1=Doggett |first1=SL |last2=Dwyer |first2=DE |last3=Peñas |first3=PF |last4=Russell |first4=RC |date=January 2012 |title=Bed bugs: clinical relevance and control options. |journal=Clinical Microbiology Reviews |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=164–92 |bibcode=2012CliMR..25..164D |doi=10.1128/CMR.05015-11 |pmc=3255965 |pmid=22232375}}</ref> Repeated treatments of a home fi be required.<ref name="Ib2017" /> Dese treatments fi include heating de room to {{convert|50|C|F}} for more dan 90 minutes, frequent vacuuming, washing clothing at high temperatures, den de use of various pesticides.<ref name="Ib2017" /> Fossils dem find insyd [[Egypt]] dey show na dem show bed bugs as human parasites for at least 3,500 years.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Panagiotakopulu |first1=Eva |last2=Buckland |first2=Paul C. |date=December 1999 |title=Cimex lectularius L., the common bed bug from Pharaonic Egypt |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_antiquity_1999-12_73_282/page/908 |journal=Antiquity |language=en |volume=73 |issue=282 |pages=908–911 |doi=10.1017/S0003598X00065674 |issn=0003-598X |s2cid=162701508}}</ref> Despite dem be nearly eradicated insyd developed countries after World War II, na infestations increase since de 1990s wey bed bugs now be relatively common insyd all regions of de globe.<ref name="CDC2017Trans3" /><ref name="JAMA2009" /><ref name="Dog20122" /><ref name="Kolb2009">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kolb A, Needham GR, Neyman KM, High WA |year=2009 |title=Bedbugs |journal=Dermatol Ther |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=347–52 |doi=10.1111/j.1529-8019.2009.01246.x |pmid=19580578 |s2cid=221648188 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Experts dey point to chaw factors wey contribute to de explosion insyd infestations over de last three decades: increased immigration den international travel; expanded markets for second-hand goods; a greater focus on control of oda pests; de banning of certain pesticides den increased resistance to pesticides still in use.<ref name="Kolb2009" /><ref name="Jacobs">{{cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Andrew|date=2005-11-27|title=Just Try to Sleep Tight. The Bedbugs Are Back.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/27/nyregion/just-try-to-sleep-tight-the-bedbugs-are-back.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231227235732/https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/27/nyregion/just-try-to-sleep-tight-the-bedbugs-are-back.html|archive-date=27 December 2023|access-date=2023-12-27|work=[[The New York Times]]|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="MDPI">{{cite journal |last1=Akhoundi |first1=Mohammad |last2=Zumelzu |first2=Coralie |last3=Sereno |first3=Denis |last4=Marteau |first4=Anthony |last5=Brun |first5=Sophie |last6=Jan |first6=Julie |last7=Izri |first7=Arezki |date=2023-07-05 |title=Bed Bugs (Hemiptera, Cimicidae): A Global Challenge for Public Health and Control Management |journal=Diagnostics |language=en |volume=13 |issue=13 |page=2281 |doi=10.3390/diagnostics13132281 |issn=2075-4418 |pmc=10340649 |pmid=37443675 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite journal |last1=Doggett |first1=Stephen L. |last2=Lee |first2=Chow-Yang |date=2023-01-23 |title=Historical and Contemporary Control Options Against Bed Bugs, Cimex spp. |journal=Annual Review of Entomology |language=en |volume=68 |issue=1 |pages=169–190 |doi=10.1146/annurev-ento-120220-015010 |issn=0066-4170 |pmid=36198396 |doi-access=free}} == External links == {{Commons}} <!-- Links that are spammed here repeatedly will be quickly blacklisted --> * [http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/creatures/urban/bed_bug.htm Bed bug] on the University of Florida/IFAS Featured Creatures Web site * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100804013609/http://medent.usyd.edu.au/bedbug/ ''Bed bugs''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100804013609/http://medent.usyd.edu.au/bedbug/ |date=4 August 2010 }} – University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital Department of Medical Entomology {{Authority control}} [[Category:Bed bug| ]] [[Category:Cimicidae]] [[Category:Delusional parasitosis]] [[Category:Hematophages]] [[Category:Household pest insects]] [[Category:Parasitic arthropods of humans]] [[Category:Parasitic bugs]] [[Category:Insect common names]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 3uzgb5qkdjzvrf59tiky2e11w8fpz53 0 22972 112384 83398 2026-09-24T18:28:02Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112384 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dextromethorphan''', dem sell am under de brand name '''Robitussin''' among odas, be a cough suppressant dem use insyd chaw cough den cold medicines.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Dicpinigaitis |first=P |date=12 September 2022 |title=The Current and Emerging Treatment Landscape for Chronic Cough |url=https://www.ajmc.com/view/the-current-and-emerging-treatment-landscape-for-chronic-cough |journal=The American Journal of Managed Care |series=Uncovering the Economic Burden of Chronic Cough and the Promising Role of Emerging Targeted Therapies |language=en |volume=28 |issue=9 |pages=S159–S165 |doi=10.37765/ajmc.2022.89244 |pmid=36198074 |s2cid=252736111 |quote=By sales, dextromethorphan is the most widely used OTC antitussive drug in the United States, and approximately 85% to 90% of OTC cough medicines contain dextromethorphan}}</ref> Insyd 2022, na de US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approve de combination dextromethorphan/bupropion to serve as a rapid-acting antidepressant insyd people plus [[major depressive disorder]].<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Majeed A, Xiong J, Teopiz KM, Ng J, Ho R, Rosenblat JD, Phan L, Cao B, McIntyre RS |date=March 2021 |title=Efficacy of dextromethorphan for the treatment of depression: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical trials |journal=Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=63–74 |doi=10.1080/14728214.2021.1898588 |pmid=33682569 |s2cid=232141396}}</ref> E dey insyd de morphinan class of medications plus dissociative den stimulant properties (at lower doses). Dextromethorphan no get a significant affinity for de mu-opioid receptor activity typical of morphinan compounds den exert ein therapeutic effects thru chaw oda receptors.<ref name="pmid271395172">{{cite journal |vauthors=Taylor CP, Traynelis SF, Siffert J, Pope LE, Matsumoto RR |date=August 2016 |title=Pharmacology of dextromethorphan: Relevance to dextromethorphan/quinidine (Nuedexta) clinical use |journal=Pharmacology & Therapeutics |volume=164 |pages=170–182 |doi=10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.04.010 |pmid=27139517 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref> Insyd ein pure form, dextromethorphan dey occur as a white powder.<ref name="ref tables2">{{cite web |date=2 May 2006 |title=Reference Tables: Description and Solubility - D |url=http://www.pharmacopeia.cn/v29240/usp29nf24s0_alpha-2-13.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704164745/http://www.pharmacopeia.cn/v29240/usp29nf24s0_alpha-2-13.html |archive-date=4 July 2017 |access-date=6 May 2011 |website=U.S Pharmacopeia}}</ref> When exceeding dosages dem approve, dextromethorphan dey act as a dissociative hallucinogen. E get multiple mechanisms of action, wey dey include actions as a nonselective Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor<ref name="Schwartz, Pizon, Brooks 2008">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schwartz AR, Pizon AF, Brooks DE |date=September 2008 |title=Dextromethorphan-induced serotonin syndrome |journal=Clinical Toxicology |volume=46 |issue=8 |pages=771–773 |doi=10.1080/15563650701668625 |pmid=19238739 |s2cid=37817922 |doi-access=free |title-link=doi}}</ref> den a sigma-1 receptor agonist.<ref name="pmid17386960">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shin EJ, Nah SY, Chae JS, Bing G, Shin SW, Yen TP, Baek IH, Kim WK, Maurice T, Nabeshima T, Kim HC |date=May 2007 |title=Dextromethorphan attenuates trimethyltin-induced neurotoxicity via sigma1 receptor activation in rats |journal=Neurochemistry International |volume=50 |issue=6 |pages=791–799 |doi=10.1016/j.neuint.2007.01.008 |pmid=17386960 |s2cid=43230896}}</ref><ref name="pmid15723099">{{cite journal |vauthors=Shin EJ, Nah SY, Kim WK, Ko KH, Jhoo WK, Lim YK, Cha JY, Chen CF, Kim HC |date=April 2005 |title=The dextromethorphan analog dimemorfan attenuates kainate-induced seizures via sigma1 receptor activation: comparison with the effects of dextromethorphan |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_british-journal-of-pharmacology_2005-04_144_7/page/908 |journal=British Journal of Pharmacology |volume=144 |issue=7 |pages=908–918 |doi=10.1038/sj.bjp.0705998 |pmc=1576070 |pmid=15723099}}</ref> Dextromethorphan den ein major metabolite dextrorphan sanso block de NMDA receptor at high doses, wey dey produce effects similar to those of oda dissociative anesthetics such as [[ketamine]], nitrous oxide, den [[phencyclidine]]. Na dem patent am insyd 1949 wey na dem approve am for medical use insyd 1953.<ref name="Fis2006">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA527 |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |vauthors=Fischer J, Ganellin CR |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-3-527-60749-5 |page=527}}</ref> Insyd 2023, na de combination plus promethazine be de 252nd most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 1{{nbsp}}million prescriptions;<ref name="Top 300 of 2023">{{cite web |title=The Top 300 of 2023 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250817043812/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |archive-date=17 August 2025 |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=ClinCalc}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dextromethorphan; Promethazine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/DextromethorphanPromethazine |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=ClinCalc}}</ref> wey na de combination plus brompheniramine den pseudoephedrine be de 281st most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 700,000 prescriptions.<ref name="Top 300 of 2023" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Brompheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/BrompheniramineDextromethorphanPseudoephedrine |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=ClinCalc}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite web | url=https://www.dea.gov/factsheets/dxm | publisher = Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) | title = DXM}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Antitussives]] [[Category:Enantiopure drugs]] [[Category:Dissociative drugs]] [[Category:Methoxy compounds]] [[Category:Morphinans]] [[Category:Mu-opioid receptor agonists]] [[Category:Nicotinic antagonists]] [[Category:NMDA receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Over-the-counter drugs insyd de United States]] [[Category:Phenol ethers]] [[Category:Prodrugs]] [[Category:Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors]] [[Category:Sigma agonists]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] a7dtfmh9hcsun0156ol1yt2pa0zdby7 0 22996 112390 83471 2026-09-24T18:42:43Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112390 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bronchitis''' be inflammation of de bronchi (large den medium-sized airways) insyd de lungs wey dey cause coughing. Bronchitis usually dey begin as an infection insyd de nose, ears, throat, anaa sinuses. De infection then dey make ein way down to de bronchi. Symptoms dey include coughing up sputum, wheezing, shortness of breath, den chest pain. Bronchitis fi be acute anaa chronic.<ref name="NHLBI2019">{{cite web |title=Bronchitis |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/bronchitis |access-date=9 June 2019 |website=NHLBI}}</ref> Acute bronchitis usually get a cough wey dey last around three weeks,<ref name="Kin2016">{{cite journal |last1=Kin |first1=S |date=1 October 2016 |title=Acute Bronchitis |journal=American Family Physician |volume=94 |issue=7 |pages=560–565 |pmid=27929206}}</ref> wey dem sanso know as a chest cold.<ref name="CDC2017">{{cite web |date=25 September 2017 |title=Antibiotics Aren't Always the Answer |url=https://www.cdc.gov/antibiotic-use/community/for-patients/common-illnesses/bronchitis.html |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd more dan 90% of cases, de cause be a viral infection.<ref name="Kin2016" /> Dese viruses fi be spread thru de air wen people cough anaa by direct contact.<ref name="NIH2011Def">{{cite web |date=August 4, 2011 |title=What Is Bronchitis? |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/bronchitis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402153154/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/brnchi |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=1 April 2015}}</ref> A small number of cases be caused by a bacterial infection such as ''Mycoplasma pneumoniae'' anaa ''Bordetella pertussis''.<ref name="Kin2016" /> Risk factors dey include exposure to tobacco smoke, dust, den oda air pollution.<ref name="NIH2011Def" /> Treatment of acute bronchitis typically dey involve rest, [[paracetamol]] (acetaminophen), den nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to help plus de fever.<ref name="Tac2012">{{cite journal |last1=Tackett |first1=KL |last2=Atkins |first2=A |date=December 2012 |title=Evidence-based acute bronchitis therapy |journal=Journal of Pharmacy Practice |volume=25 |issue=6 |pages=586–90 |doi=10.1177/0897190012460826 |pmid=23076965 |s2cid=37651935 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="NIH2019Overview">{{cite web |date=August 4, 2011 |title=How Is Bronchitis Treated? |url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/brnchi/treatment |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113109/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/brnchi/treatment |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=1 April 2015}}</ref> [[Bronchitis#Chronic bronchitis|Chronic bronchitis]] be defined as a productive cough – one wey dey produce sputum – wey dey last for three months anaa more per year for at least two years.<ref name="GOLD20192">{{cite book |url=https://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GOLD-2019-v1.7-FINAL-14Nov2018-WMS.pdf |title=Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease - GOLD |date=2018 |pages=4–5, 25 |access-date=29 May 2019}}</ref> Chaw people plus chronic bronchitis sanso get [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] (COPD).<ref name="Harr2012">{{cite book |last1=Reilly |first1=John J. |title=Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine |last2=Silverman |first2=Edwin K. |last3=Shapiro |first3=Steven D. |publisher=McGraw Hill |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-07-174889-6 |editor1-last=Longo |editor1-first=Dan |edition=18th |pages=2151–9 |chapter=Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |editor2-last=Fauci |editor2-first=Anthony |editor3-last=Kasper |editor3-first=Dennis |editor4-last=Hauser |editor4-first=Stephen |editor5-last=Jameson |editor5-first=J. |editor6-last=Loscalzo |editor6-first=Joseph}}</ref> Tobacco smoking be de most common cause, plus a number of oda factors such as air pollution den genetics dey play a smaller role.<ref name="Lancet2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Decramer M, Janssens W, Miravitlles M |date=April 2012 |title=Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_april-7-13-2012_379_9823/page/1341 |journal=Lancet |volume=379 |issue=9823 |pages=1341–51 |citeseerx=10.1.1.1000.1967 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60968-9 |pmc=7172377 |pmid=22314182}}</ref> Treatments dey include quitting smoking, vaccinations, rehabilitation, den often inhaled bronchodilators den steroids.<ref name="GOLD20072">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rabe KF, Hurd S, Anzueto A, Barnes PJ, Buist SA, Calverley P, Fukuchi Y, Jenkins C, Rodriguez-Roisin R, van Weel C, Zielinski J |date=September 2007 |title=Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary |url=https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/10.1164/rccm.200703-456SO |journal=Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. |volume=176 |issue=6 |pages=532–55 |doi=10.1164/rccm.200703-456SO |hdl=2066/51740 |pmid=17507545 |s2cid=20863981 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Sam people fi benefit from long-term oxygen therapy.<ref name="GOLD20072" /> Acute bronchitis be one of de more common diseases.<ref name="Tac2012" /><ref name="Chest2006">{{cite journal |last1=Braman |first1=SS |date=January 2006 |title=Chronic cough due to acute bronchitis: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines |journal=Chest |volume=129 |issue=1 Suppl |pages=95S–103S |doi=10.1378/chest.129.1_suppl.95S |pmc=7094612 |pmid=16428698}}</ref> About 5% of adults den 6% of kiddies get at least one episode a year.<ref name="Wen2006">{{cite journal |last1=Wenzel |first1=RP |last2=Fowler |first2=AA III |date=16 November 2006 |title=Clinical practice. Acute bronchitis |url=https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMcp061493 |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=355 |issue=20 |pages=2125–30 |doi=10.1056/nejmcp061493 |pmid=17108344 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name="Flem2007">{{cite journal |last1=Fleming |first1=DM |last2=Elliot |first2=AJ |date=March 2007 |title=The management of acute bronchitis in children |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1517/14656566.8.4.415?journalCode=ieop20 |journal=Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=415–26 |doi=10.1517/14656566.8.4.415 |pmid=17309336 |s2cid=46247982 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Acute bronchitis be de most common type of bronchitis.<ref name="medscape">{{cite web |title=Bronchitis |url=https://www.webmd.com/lung/understanding-bronchitis-basics |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=WebMD |language=en}}</ref> By contrast insyd de [[United States]], insyd 2018, na dem diagnose 9.3&nbsp;million people plus de less common chronic bronchitis.<ref name="CDC2019COPD">{{cite web |date=23 May 2019 |title=FastStats |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/copd.htm |access-date=30 May 2019 |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |language=en-us}}</ref><ref name="CDC-HealthStats">{{citation |last1=Villarroel |first1=MA |title=Summary Health Statistics: National Health Interview Survey, 2018 |date=2019 |website=ftp.cdc.gov |url=https://ftp.cdc.gov/pub/Health_Statistics/NCHS/NHIS/SHS/2018_SHS_Table_A-2.pdf |access-date=22 March 2020 |language=en-us |quote=<!-- NOTE: FOR CITATION SEE LAST NOTE ON TABLE --> |last2=Blackwell |first2=DL |last3=Jen |first3=A}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * NIH entry on [https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/bronchitis Bronchitis] * MedlinePlus entries on [https://medlineplus.gov/acutebronchitis.html Acute bronchitis] and [https://medlineplus.gov/chronicbronchitis.html Chronic bronchitis] * Mayo Clinic [https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/bronchitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20355566?p=1 factsheet on bronchitis] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Chronic lower respiratory diseases]] [[Category:Bronchus disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] kuwz2h527h5ewoz6ax4plmsy05rr5al 0 23034 112365 110801 2026-09-24T17:59:02Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112365 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dopamine''' ('''DA''', a contraction of '''3,4-<u>d</u>ihydr<u>o</u>xy<u>p</u>henethyl<u>amine</u>''') be a neuromodulatory molecule wey dey play chaw important roles insyd cells. E be an organic chemical of de catecholamine den phenethylamine families. E be an amine synthesized by removing a carboxyl group from a molecule of ein precursor chemical, L-DOPA, wich be synthesized insyd de brain den kidneys. Dopamine sanso be synthesized insyd plants den chaw animals. Insyd de brain, dopamine dey function as a neurotransmitter—a chemical wey be released by neurons (nerve cells) to send signals to oda nerve cells. De brain dey include chaw distinct dopamine pathways, one of wich dey play a major role insyd de motivational component of reward-motivated behavior. De anticipation of chaw types of rewards dey increase de level of dopamine insyd de brain,<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Berridge KC |date=April 2007 |title=The debate over dopamine's role in reward: the case for incentive salience |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychopharmacology_2007-04_191_3/page/391 |journal=Psychopharmacology |language=en-US |volume=191 |issue=3 |pages=391–431 |doi=10.1007/s00213-006-0578-x |pmid=17072591 |s2cid=468204}}</ref> den chaw addictive [[Psychoactive drug|drugs]] increase dopamine release anaa block ein reuptake into neurons dey follow release.<ref name="Wise2020">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wise RA, Robble MA |date=January 2020 |title=Dopamine and Addiction |journal=Annual Review of Psychology |language=en-US |volume=71 |issue=1 |pages=79–106 |doi=10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-103337 |pmid=31905114 |s2cid=210043316 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Oda brain dopamine pathways be involved insyd motor control den insyd controlling de release of various hormones. Dese pathways den cell groups dey form a dopamine system wich be neuromodulatory.<ref name="Wise2020" /> Insyd popular culture den media, dopamine often be portrayed as de main chemical of pleasure, buh de current opinion insyd pharmacology be dat dopamine instead dey confer motivational salience;<ref name="NAcc function2">{{cite book |title=Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience |vauthors=Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE |publisher=McGraw-Hill Medical |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-07-148127-4 |veditors=Sydor A, Brown RY |edition=2nd |location=New York |pages=147–48, 366–67, 375–76 |language=en-US |quote=<!-- VTA DA neurons play a critical role in motivation, reward-related behavior (Chapter 15), attention, and multiple forms of memory. This organization of the DA system, wide projection from a limited number of cell bodies, permits coordinated responses to potent new rewards. Thus, acting in diverse terminal fields, dopamine confers motivational salience ("wanting") on the reward itself or associated cues (nucleus accumbens shell region), updates the value placed on different goals in light of this new experience (orbital prefrontal cortex), helps consolidate multiple forms of memory (amygdala and hippocampus), and encodes new motor programs that will facilitate obtaining this reward in the future (nucleus accumbens core region and dorsal striatum). In this example, dopamine modulates the processing of sensorimotor information in diverse neural circuits to maximize the ability of the organism to obtain future rewards.&nbsp;...<br />The brain reward circuitry that is targeted by addictive drugs normally mediates the pleasure and strengthening of behaviors associated with natural reinforcers, such as food, water, and sexual contact. Dopamine neurons in the VTA are activated by food and water, and dopamine release in the NAc is stimulated by the presence of natural reinforcers, such as food, water, or a sexual partner.&nbsp;...<br />The NAc and VTA are central components of the circuitry underlying reward and memory of reward. As previously mentioned, the activity of dopaminergic neurons in the VTA appears to be linked to reward prediction. The NAc is involved in learning associated with reinforcement and the modulation of motoric responses to stimuli that satisfy internal homeostatic needs. The shell of the NAc appears to be particularly important to initial drug actions within reward circuitry; addictive drugs appear to have a greater effect on dopamine release in the shell than in the core of the NAc.&nbsp;... If motivational drive is described in terms of wanting, and hedonic evaluation in terms of liking, it appears that wanting can be dissociated from liking and that dopamine may influence these phenomena differently. Differences between wanting and liking are confirmed in reports by human addicts, who state that their desire for drugs (wanting) increases with continued use even when pleasure (liking) decreases because of tolerance. --><!--&nbsp;... Addictive drugs are rewarding and reinforcing because they act in brain reward pathways to enhance either dopamine release or the effects of dopamine in the NAc or related structures, or because they produce effects similar to dopamine. -->}}</ref><ref name="pmid24107968">{{cite journal |vauthors=Baliki MN, Mansour A, Baria AT, Huang L, Berger SE, Fields HL, Apkarian AV |date=October 2013 |title=Parceling human accumbens into putative core and shell dissociates encoding of values for reward and pain |journal=The Journal of Neuroscience |language=en-US |volume=33 |issue=41 |pages=16383–93 |doi=10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1731-13.2013 |pmc=3792469 |pmid=24107968 |quote=<!--Recent evidence indicates that inactivation of D2 receptors, in the indirect striatopallidal pathway in rodents, is necessary for both acquisition and expression of aversive behavior, and direct pathway D1 receptor activation controls reward-based learning (Hikida et al., 2010; Hikida et al., 2013). It seems we can conclude that direct and indirect pathways of the NAc, via D1 and D2 receptors, subserve distinct anticipation and valuation roles in the shell and core of NAc, which is consistent with observations regarding spatial segregation and diversity of responses of midbrain dopaminergic neurons for rewarding and aversive conditions, some encoding motivational value, others motivational salience, each connected with distinct brain networks and having distinct roles in motivational control (Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010; Cohen et al., 2012; Lammel et al., 2013).&nbsp;... Thus, the previous results, coupled with the current observations, imply that the NAc pshell response reflects a prediction/anticipation or salience signal, and the NAc pcore response is a valuation response (reward predictive signal) that signals the negative reinforcement value of cessation of pain (i.e., anticipated analgesia). -->}}</ref><ref name="Aversion neurons">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wenzel JM, Rauscher NA, Cheer JF, Oleson EB |date=January 2015 |title=A role for phasic dopamine release within the nucleus accumbens in encoding aversion: a review of the neurochemical literature |journal=ACS Chemical Neuroscience |language=en-US |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=16–26 |doi=10.1021/cn500255p |pmc=5820768 |pmid=25491156 |quote=Thus, fear-evoking stimuli are capable of differentially altering phasic dopamine transmission across NAcc subregions. The authors propose that the observed enhancement in NAcc shell dopamine likely reflects general motivational salience, perhaps due to relief from a CS-induced fear state when the US (foot shock) is not delivered. This reasoning is supported by a report from Budygin and colleagues¹¹² showing that, in anesthetized rats, the termination of tail pinch results in augmented dopamine release in the shell.}}</ref> insyd oda words, dopamine dey signal de perceived motivational prominence (i.e., de desirability anaa aversiveness) of an outcome, wich in turn dey propel de organism ein behavior toward anaa away from achieving dat outcome.<ref name="Aversion neurons" /><ref name="Motivational salience">{{cite journal |vauthors=Puglisi-Allegra S, Ventura R |date=June 2012 |title=Prefrontal/accumbal catecholamine system processes high motivational salience |journal=Front. Behav. Neurosci. |volume=6 |page=31 |doi=10.3389/fnbeh.2012.00031 |pmc=3384081 |pmid=22754514 |quote=<!--Motivational salience regulates the strength of goal seeking, the amount of risk taken, and the energy invested from mild to extreme.&nbsp;... Motivation can be conceptually described as a continuum along which stimuli can either reinforce or punish responses to other stimuli. Behaviorally, stimuli that reinforce are called rewarding and those that punish aversive (Skinner, 1953). Reward and aversion describe the impact a stimulus has on behavior, and provided of motivational properties, thus able to induce attribution of motivational salience.&nbsp;... Attribution of motivational salience is related to the salience of an UCS (Dallman et al., 2003; Pecina et al., 2006). Thus, the more salient an UCS the more likely a neutral (to-be-conditioned) stimulus will be associated with it through motivational salience attribution. Prior experience is a major determinant of the motivational impact of any given stimulus (Borsook et al., 2007) and emotional arousal induced by motivational stimuli increases the attention given to stimuli influencing both the initial perceptual encoding and the consolidation process (Anderson et al., 2006; McGaugh, 2006).--> |doi-access=free}}</ref> Outsyd de central nervous system, dopamine dey function primarily as a local paracrine messenger. Insyd blood vessels, e dey inhibit norepinephrine release den dey act as a vasodilator; insyd de kidneys, e dey increase sodium excretion den urine output; insyd de pancreas, e dey reduce insulin production; insyd de digestive system, e dey reduce gastrointestinal motility den dey protect intestinal mucosa; den insyd de immune system, e dey reduce de activity of lymphocytes. Plus de exception of de blood vessels, dopamine insyd each of dese peripheral systems be synthesized locally den dey exert ein effects near de cells wey dey release am. Chawl important diseases of de nervous system be associated plus dysfunctions of de dopamine system, den sam of de key medications dem use to treat dem dey work by altering de effects of dopamine. [[Parkinson's disease]], a degenerative condition wey dey cause tremor den motor impairment, be caused by a loss of dopamine-secreting neurons insyd an area of de midbrain dem call de substantia nigra. Ein metabolic precursor L-DOPA fi be manufactured; ''Levodopa'', a pure form of L-DOPA, be de most widely used treatment give Parkinson's. Der be evidence say [[schizophrenia]] dey involve altered levels of dopamine activity, den chaw antipsychotic drugs dem use to treat dis be dopamine antagonists wich dey reduce dopamine activity.<ref>{{cite book |title=The myth of the chemical cure. A critique of psychiatric drug treatment |url=https://archive.org/details/mythofchemicalcu0000monc |vauthors=Moncrieff J |publisher=Palgrave MacMillan |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-230-57432-8 |location=Basingstoke, UK}}</ref> Similar dopamine antagonist drugs sanso be sam of de most effective anti-nausea agents. Restless legs syndrome den [[attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]] (ADHD) be associated plus decreased dopamine activity.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Kollins SH, Wigal TL, Newcorn JH, Telang F, Fowler JS, Zhu W, Logan J, Ma Y, Pradhan K, Wong C, Swanson JM |date=September 2009 |title=Evaluating dopamine reward pathway in ADHD: clinical implications |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2009-09-09_302_10/page/1084 |journal=JAMA |volume=302 |issue=10 |pages=1084–91 |doi=10.1001/jama.2009.1308 |pmc=2958516 |pmid=19738093}}</ref> Dopaminergic stimulants fi be addictive insyd high doses, buh sam be used at lower doses to treat ADHD. Dopamine einself be available as a manufactured medication give intravenous injection. E be useful insyd de treatment of severe heart failure anaa cardiogenic shock.<ref name="NHS2021">{{cite web |title=Dopamine infusion |url=https://www.bsuh.nhs.uk/library/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2021/08/dopamine-infusion-August-2021-final.pdf |access-date=13 October 2023}}</ref> Insyd newborn babies e fi be used for hypotension den septic shock.<ref name="medscape2021">{{cite web |title=Shock and Hypotension in the Newborn Medication: Alpha/Beta Adrenergic Agonists, Vasodilators, Inotropic agents, Volume Expanders, Antibiotics, Other |url=https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/979128-medication?form=fpf |access-date=13 October 2023 |website=emedicine.medscape.com |language=en-US}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==Read further== *{{cite news | vauthors = Szalavitz M |title=A 'Dopamine Fast' Will Not Save You From Addiction |date=September 13, 2024 |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/13/opinion/addiction-dopamine-brain-chemistry.html}} * {{cite news |title=We Have a Dopamine Problem | vauthors = Smith DG |date=June 30, 2023 |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/30/well/mind/dopamine-brain-behavior.html?pgtype=Article&action=click&module=RelatedLinks}} * {{cite news |title=One Man's Endless Hunt for a Dopamine Rush in Virtual Reality | vauthors = Metz C | work = The New York Times |date=September 29, 2021 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/29/technology/virtual-reality-fascination.html}} * {{cite book |title=Dopamine Nation | vauthors = Lembke A |year=2021 |publisher=Headline |isbn=9781472294128}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q170304|c=Category:Dopamine|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=Dopamine|species=no}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Dopamine| ]] [[Category:Aminoethyl compounds]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] d7q54d3px2jd3hmmzb5c8jbuef9xbsr 0 23045 112352 83574 2026-09-24T17:36:12Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112352 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pentobarbital''' (US) anaa '''pentobarbitone''' (British den Australian) be a short-acting barbiturate dem typically use as a sedative, a preanesthetic, den to control convulsions insyd emergencies.<ref name="cite058299312">{{cite web |date=31 December 2016 |title=Nembutal sodium- pentobarbital sodium injection |url=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=5c380ab0-4386-48b6-80ab-ca594b23bc74 |access-date=29 January 2020 |website=DailyMed}}</ref> E sanso fi be used for short-term treatment of insomnia buh na e largely be replaced by de benzodiazepine family of drugs. Insyd high doses, pentobarbital dey cause death by respiratory arrest. Dem frequently dey use am for veterinary euthanasia, wey e be used by sam US states den de United States federal government for executions of convicted criminals by lethal injection.<ref name="Palmer_2013">{{cite news|vauthors=Palmer K|title=Ohio says it will switch to new drugs for executions|date=28 October 2013|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-executions-ohio-idUSBRE99R0SK20131028/|publisher=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Insyd sam countries den states, e sanso be used for physician-assisted suicide.<ref name="Chaar_20172">{{cite news|vauthors=Chaar B, Sami Isaac S|title=Euthanasia drugs: What is needed from medications for assisted deaths?|date=20 October 2017|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-10-20/assisted-dying-what-is-need-from-drugs-for-voluntary-euthanasia/9069896|website=abc.net.au|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|quote=Both secobarbital capsules and pentobarbital (usually known as the brand name, Nembutal) liquid — (not to be mistaken for epilepsy medication phenobarbital) have been used either alone or in combination for physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia. They are also used in injectable forms for animal euthanasia.|access-date=22 September 2021}}</ref><ref name="Martin_20202">{{cite web |date=13 August 2020 |title=Euthanasia referendum: What drugs are used in assisted dying, and how do they work? |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/health/euthanasia-debate/300073069/euthanasia-referendum-what-drugs-are-used-in-assisted-dying-and-how-do-they-work |access-date=22 September 2021 |website=[[Stuff (website) | Stuff]] |quote=In Australia, most people will ingest the lethal dose of pentobarbital as a drink – a white powder mixed with about 30 millilitres of a liquid suspension. [...] However, in cases where the person is too ill to ingest the medication themselves, a doctor or nurse practitioner could administer the dose, under the proposed Act. |vauthors=Martin H}}</ref> Na Ernest H. Volwiler den Donalee L. Tabern develop pentobarbital at Abbott Laboratories insyd 1930.<ref name="Saxon_1992">{{cite news|vauthors=Saxon W|title=Ernest Volwiler, 99, Medicinal Chemistry Leader|date=October 7, 1992|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/07/obituaries/ernest-volwiler-99-medicinal-chemistry-leader.html|access-date=22 June 2015|work=New York Times}}</ref> Na dem widely [[Substance abuse|abuse]] de drug dey begin insyd de late 1930s, wey e be sam times known as "yellow jackets" secof de yellow color of Nembutal-branded capsules.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Cozanitis DA |date=December 2004 |title=One hundred years of barbiturates and their saint |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_royal-society-of-medicine-great-britain-journal_2004-12_97_12/page/594 |journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine |volume=97 |issue=12 |pages=594–598 |doi=10.1177/014107680409701214 |pmc=1079678 |pmid=15574863}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:AMPA receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Barbiturates]] [[Category:CYP3A4 inducers]] [[Category:Glycine receptor agonists]] [[Category:Hypnotics]] [[Category:Kainate receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Lethal injection components]] [[Category:Nicotinic antagonists]] [[Category:Sedatives]] [[Category:Recreational drug metabolites]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] nmg05aam7twew6f8a6ogw4w10lah8ub 0 23096 112368 83767 2026-09-24T18:02:49Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112368 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hepatitis''' be inflammation of de liver tissue.<ref name=NIH2016>{{cite web|title=Hepatitis|url=https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/hepatitis|website=NIAID|access-date=2 November 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104002228/https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/hepatitis|archive-date=4 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="MedlinePlus 2020">{{cite web | title=Hepatitis | website=MedlinePlus | date=2020-05-20 | url=https://medlineplus.gov/hepatitis.html | access-date=2020-07-19 | quote=Your liver is the largest organ inside your body. It helps your body digest food, store energy, and remove poisons. Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver.}}</ref> Sam people anaa animals plus hepatitis get no symptoms, wer as odas dey develop yellow discoloration of de skin den whites of de eyes ([[jaundice]]), poor appetite, vomiting, tiredness, abdominal pain, den diarrhea.<ref name="MedLine20163">{{cite web |title=Hepatitis |url=https://medlineplus.gov/hepatitis.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111061624/https://medlineplus.gov/hepatitis.html |archive-date=11 November 2016 |access-date=10 November 2016 |website=MedlinePlus}}</ref><ref name="WHO2016QA2">{{cite web |date=July 2016 |title=What is hepatitis? |url=https://www.who.int/features/qa/76/en/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107003115/http://www.who.int/features/qa/76/en/ |archive-date=7 November 2016 |access-date=10 November 2016 |website=WHO}}</ref> Hepatitis be ''acute'' if e dey resolve within six months, den ''chronic'' if e dey last longer dan six months.<ref name="MedLine20163" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Hepatitis (Hepatitis A, B, and C) {{!}} ACG Patients |url=http://patients.gi.org/topics/viral-hepatitis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223163352/http://patients.gi.org/topics/viral-hepatitis/ |archive-date=2017-02-23 |website=patients.gi.org}}</ref> Acute hepatitis fi resolve on ein own, progress to chronic hepatitis, anaa (rarely) result in acute liver failure.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Bernal W. |author2=Wendon J. |year=2013 |title=Acute Liver Failure |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2013-12-26_369_26/page/2525 |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |volume=369 |issue=26 |pages=2525–2534 |doi=10.1056/nejmra1208937 |pmid=24369077 |s2cid=205116503 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Chronic hepatitis fi progress to scarring of de liver ([[cirrhosis]]), liver failure, den liver cancer.<ref name="NIH2016" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 August 2022 |title=Esto es la hepatitis: Conócela, enfréntate a ella |url=https://www.infoterio.com/2022/08/Esto-es-la-hepatitis-Conocela-enfrentate-a-ella.html |access-date=2023-02-12 |website=Infoterio Noticias {{!}} Ciencia y Tecnología |language=es}}</ref> Hepatitis be most commonly caused by de virus ''hepatovirus A'', ''B'', ''C'', ''D'', den ''E''.<ref name="NIH2016" /><ref name="WHO2016QA2" /> Oda viruses sanso fi cause liver inflammation, wey dey include cytomegalovirus, Epstein–Barr virus, den [[Yellow fever|yellow fever virus]]. Oda common causes of hepatitis dey include heavy alcohol use, certain medications, toxins, oda infections, autoimmune diseases,<ref name="NIH2016" /><ref name="WHO2016QA2" /> den non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).<ref name="NASH2014">{{cite web |date=May 2014 |title=Fatty Liver Disease (Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis) |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/liver-disease/nonalcoholic-steatohepatitis/pages/facts.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111061658/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/liver-disease/nonalcoholic-steatohepatitis/pages/facts.aspx |archive-date=11 November 2016 |access-date=10 November 2016 |website=NIDDK}}</ref> Hepatitis A den E mainly be spread by contaminated chow den water.<ref name="NIH2016" /> Hepatitis B mainly be sexually transmitted, buh sanso fi be passed from mommie to baby during [[pregnancy]] anaa childbirth den spread thru infected blood.<ref name="NIH2016" /> Hepatitis C commonly be spread thru infected blood; for example, during needle sharing by intravenous drug users.<ref name="NIH2016" /> Hepatitis D fi infect people already infected per plus hepatitis B.<ref name="NIH2016" /> Hepatitis A, B, den D be preventable plus immunization.<ref name="WHO2016QA2" /> Medications fi be used to treat chronic viral hepatitis.<ref name="MedLine20163" /> Antiviral medications be recommended insyd all plus chronic hepatitis C, except those plus conditions wey dey limit dema life expectancy.<ref name="AASLD-IDSA">{{Cite journal |last=AASLD/IDSA HCV Guidance Panel |date=2015-09-01 |title=Hepatitis C guidance: AASLD-IDSA recommendations for testing, managing, and treating adults infected with hepatitis C virus |journal=Hepatology |volume=62 |issue=3 |pages=932–954 |doi=10.1002/hep.27950 |issn=1527-3350 |pmid=26111063 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Der be no specific treatment for NASH; physical activity, a healthy diet, den weight loss be recommended.<ref name="NASH2014" /> Autoimmune hepatitis fi be treated plus medications to suppress de immune system.<ref>{{cite web |date=March 2014 |title=Autoimmune Hepatitis |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/autoimmune-hepatitis?dkrd=hispt0379 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111061856/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/liver-disease/autoimmune-hepatitis/Pages/facts.aspx |archive-date=11 November 2016 |access-date=10 November 2016 |website=NIDDK}}</ref> A liver transplant fi be an option insyd both acute den chronic liver failure.<ref name="Trans2012">{{cite web |date=April 2012 |title=Liver Transplant |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/liver-disease/liver-transplant/Pages/facts.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111061924/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/liver-disease/liver-transplant/Pages/facts.aspx |archive-date=11 November 2016 |access-date=10 November 2016 |website=NIDDK}}</ref> Worldwide insyd 2015, na hepatitis A occur insyd about 114 million people, na chronic hepatitis B affect about 343 million people den chronic hepatitis C about 142 million people.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Vos |first1=Theo |last2=Allen |first2=Christine |last3=Arora |first3=Megha |last4=Barber |first4=Ryan M. |last5=Bhutta |first5=Zulfiqar A. |last6=Brown |first6=Alexandria |last7=Carter |first7=Austin |last8=Casey |first8=Daniel C. |last9=Charlson |first9=Fiona J. |last10=Chen |first10=Alan Z. |last11=Coggeshall |first11=Megan |last12=Cornaby |first12=Leslie |last13=Dandona |first13=Lalit |last14=Dicker |first14=Daniel J. |last15=Dilegge |first15=Tina |display-authors=29 |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=The Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1545–1602 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 |pmc=5055577 |pmid=27733282 |last16=Erskine |first16=Holly E. |last17=Ferrari |first17=Alize J. |last18=Fitzmaurice |first18=Christina |last19=Fleming |first19=Tom |last20=Forouzanfar |first20=Mohammad H. |last21=Fullman |first21=Nancy |last22=Gething |first22=Peter W. |last23=Goldberg |first23=Ellen M. |last24=Graetz |first24=Nicholas |last25=Haagsma |first25=Juanita A. |last26=Hay |first26=Simon I. |last27=Johnson |first27=Catherine O. |last28=Kassebaum |first28=Nicholas J. |last29=Kawashima |first29=Toana |last30=Kemmer |first30=Laura}}</ref> Insyd de United States, NASH dey affect about 11 million people den alcoholic hepatitis dey affect about 5 million people.<ref name="NASH2014" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Basra |first1=Sarpreet |date=2011 |title=Definition, epidemiology and magnitude of alcoholic hepatitis |journal=World Journal of Hepatology |volume=3 |issue=5 |pages=108–13 |doi=10.4254/wjh.v3.i5.108 |pmc=3124876 |pmid=21731902 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Hepatitis dey result in more dan a million deaths a year, chaw of wich dey occur indirectly from liver scarring anaa liver cancer.<ref name="NIH2016" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Haidong |last2=Naghavi |first2=Mohsen |last3=Allen |first3=Christine |last4=Barber |first4=Ryan M. |last5=Bhutta |first5=Zulfiqar A. |last6=Carter |first6=Austin |last7=Casey |first7=Daniel C. |last8=Charlson |first8=Fiona J. |last9=Chen |first9=Alan Zian |last10=Coates |first10=Matthew M. |last11=Coggeshall |first11=Megan |last12=Dandona |first12=Lalit |last13=Dicker |first13=Daniel J. |last14=Erskine |first14=Holly E. |last15=Ferrari |first15=Alize J. |display-authors=29 |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=The Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1459–1544 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1 |pmc=5388903 |pmid=27733281 |last16=Fitzmaurice |first16=Christina |last17=Foreman |first17=Kyle |last18=Forouzanfar |first18=Mohammad H. |last19=Fraser |first19=Maya S. |last20=Fullman |first20=Nancy |last21=Gething |first21=Peter W. |last22=Goldberg |first22=Ellen M. |last23=Graetz |first23=Nicholas |last24=Haagsma |first24=Juanita A. |last25=Hay |first25=Simon I. |last26=Huynh |first26=Chantal |last27=Johnson |first27=Catherine O. |last28=Kassebaum |first28=Nicholas J. |last29=Kinfu |first29=Yohannes |last30=Kulikoff |first30=Xie Rachel}}</ref> Insyd de United States, hepatitis A be estimated to occur insyd about 2,500 people a year den dey result in about 75 deaths.<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistics & Surveillance Division of Viral Hepatitis CDC |url=https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/statistics/index.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111012229/http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/Statistics/index.htm |archive-date=11 November 2016 |access-date=10 November 2016 |website=CDC}}</ref> De word be derived from de Greek ''hêpar'' ({{lang|grc|[[wikt:ἧπαρ|ἧπαρ]]}}), wey dey mean "liver", den ''[[wikt:-itis|-itis]]'' ({{lang|grc|-ῖτις}}), wey dey mean "inflammation".<ref>{{cite web |title=Online Etymology Dictionary |url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=hepatitis&searchmode=none |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020195733/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=hepatitis&searchmode=none |archive-date=2012-10-20 |access-date=2012-08-26 |publisher=Etymonline.com}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q131742|c=Category:Hepatitis|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis/ Viral Hepatitis at the Centers for Disease Control] * [https://www.who.int/topics/hepatitis/en/ WHO fact sheet of hepatitis] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Hepatitis| ]] [[Category:Inflammations]] [[Category:Health care-associated infections]] [[Category:Viral diseases]] [[Category:Diseases of liver]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 4y0yk2x2iaw6sbeeexxu8c1jig19m04 0 23125 112438 83835 2026-09-24T23:28:09Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112438 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Acute radiation syndrome''' ('''ARS'''), dem sanso know as '''radiation sickness''' anaa '''radiation poisoning''', be a collection of health effects wey be caused by being exposed to high amounts of ionizing radiation insyd a short period of time.<ref name="CDC2019">{{cite web|date=22 April 2019|title=A Fact Sheet for Physicians|url=https://www.cdc.gov/radiation-emergencies/hcp/clinical-guidance/ars.htmlCDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Femergency.cdc.gov%2Fradiation%2Farsphysicianfactsheet.asp|access-date=17 May 2019|website=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|CDC]]|series=CDC Radiation Emergencies Acute Radiation Syndrome|language=en-us|archive-date=18 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518165919/https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/radiation/emergencies/arsphysicianfactsheet.htm?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Femergency.cdc.gov%2Fradiation%2Farsphysicianfactsheet.asp|url-status=live}}</ref> Symptoms fi start within an hour of exposure, den fi last for several months.<ref name="CDC2019" /><ref name="SMJ20102">{{cite journal |last1=Donnelly |first1=EH |last2=Nemhauser |first2=JB |last3=Smith |first3=JM |last4=Kazzi |first4=ZN |last5=Farfán |first5=EB |last6=Chang |first6=AS |last7=Naeem |first7=SF |date=June 2010 |title=Acute radiation syndrome: assessment and management. |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1234911 |url-status=live |journal=Southern Medical Journal |volume=103 |issue=6 |pages=541–546 |doi=10.1097/SMJ.0b013e3181ddd571 |pmid=20710137 |s2cid=45670675 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626230448/https://zenodo.org/record/1234911 |archive-date=2019-06-26 |access-date=2019-06-24}}</ref><ref name="Review09">{{cite journal |vauthors=Xiao M, Whitnall MH |date=January 2009 |title=Pharmacological countermeasures for the acute radiation syndrome |journal=Curr Mol Pharmacol |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=122–133 |doi=10.2174/1874467210902010122 |pmid=20021452}}</ref> Early symptoms usually be nausea, vomiting den loss of appetite.<ref name="CDC2019" /> Insyd de hours anaa weeks wey dey follow, initial symptoms fi appear to improve, before de development of additional symptoms, after wich either recovery anaa death go follow.<ref name="CDC2019" /> ARS dey involve a total dose of greater dan 0.7 Gy (70 rad), wey generally dey occur from a source outsyd de body, deliver within a few minutes.<ref name="CDC2019" /> Sources of such radiation fi occur accidentally anaa intentionally.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chao |first1=NJ |date=April 2007 |title=Accidental or intentional exposure to ionizing radiation: biodosimetry and treatment options. |journal=Experimental Hematology |volume=35 |issue=4 Suppl 1 |pages=24–7 |doi=10.1016/j.exphem.2007.01.008 |pmid=17379083 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dem fi involve nuclear reactors, cyclotrons, certain devices dem use insyd cancer therapy, nuclear weapons, anaa radiological weapons.<ref name="NORD20193">{{cite web |title=Radiation Sickness |url=https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/radiation-sickness/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190812152608/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/radiation-sickness/ |archive-date=12 August 2019 |access-date=6 June 2019 |website=National Organization for Rare Disorders}}</ref> Dem generally divide am into three types: bone marrow, gastrointestinal, den neurovascular syndrome, plus bone marrow syndrome wey dey occur at 0.7 to 10&nbsp;Gy, den neurovascular syndrome wey dey occur at doses wey exceed 50&nbsp;Gy.<ref name="CDC2019" /><ref name="SMJ20102" /> De cells wey be most affected generally be those wey be rapidly dividing.<ref name="SMJ20102" /> At high doses, dis dey cause DNA damage wey be irreparable.<ref name="NORD20193" /> Diagnosis dey base on a history of exposure den symptoms.<ref name="NORD20193" /> Repeated complete blood counts (CBCs) fi indicate de severity of exposure.<ref name="CDC2019" /> Treatment of ARS generally be supportive care. Dis fi include blood transfusions, antibiotics, colony-stimulating factors, anaa stem cell transplant.<ref name="SMJ20102" /> Radioactive material wey remain on de skin anaa insyd de stomach for be removed. If na dem inhale anaa ingest radioiodine, potassium iodide be recommended. Complications such as [[leukemia]] den oda cancers among those wey survive be managed as usual. Short-term outcomes dey depend on de dose exposure.<ref name="NORD20193" /> ARS be generally rare.<ref name="SMJ20102" /> A single event fi affect a large number of people.<ref>{{Citation |last=Acosta |first=Robert |title=Radiation Syndrome |date=2025 |work=StatPearls |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441931/ |access-date=2026-01-05 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=28722960 |last2=Warrington |first2=Steven J.}}</ref> De vast majority of cases wey dey involve ARS, alongside blast effects, na e be inflicted by de atomic bombings of Hiroshima den Nagasaki, plus post-attack deaths insyd de tens of thousands. Nuclear den radiation accidents den incidents sam times dey cause ARS; de worst, na de Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster, cause 134 cases den 28 deaths.<ref name="CDC2019" /> ARS dey differ from chronic radiation syndrome, wich dey occur following prolonged exposures to relatively low doses of radiation, den from radiation-induced cancer.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Akleyev |first1=Alexander V. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tUm9BAAAQBAJ&q="chronic%20radiation%20syndrome"&pg=PA1 |title=Chronic Radiation Syndrome |date=2014 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-3642451171 |page=1 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Gusev |first1=Igor |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p6b4qDorN4wC&pg=PA18 |title=Medical Management of Radiation Accidents |last2=Guskova |first2=Angelina |last3=Mettler |first3=Fred A. |date=2001 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1420037197 |page=18 |language=en}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite web|title=Emergency preparedness and subject matter expertise on the medical management of radiation incidents|url=https://orise.orau.gov/reacts/|url-status=live|publisher=U.S. [[Radiation Emergency Assistance Center Training Site REACts]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505224545/https://orise.orau.gov/reacts/ |archive-date=2023-05-05}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.bt.cdc.gov/radiation/arsphysicianfactsheet.asp |publisher=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] |title=Fact sheet on Acute Radiation Syndrome |access-date=2006-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060716035111/http://www.bt.cdc.gov/radiation/arsphysicianfactsheet.asp |archive-date=2006-07-16 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all}} * {{cite web |url=http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/Pub1106_scr.pdf |title=The criticality accident in Sarov |publisher=[[International Atomic Energy Agency]] |year=2001}} – A well documented account of the biological effects of a criticality accident. * {{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303030215/http://www.usuhs.mil/afrri |title=Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute |access-date=2011-07-01 |archive-date=2015-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303030215/https://web.archive.org/web/20150303030215/http://www.usuhs.mil/afrri |url-status=dead }} * More information on bone marrow shielding can be found in the ''[https://journals.lww.com/health-physics/pages/default.aspx Health Physics Radiation Safety Journal]'' article: {{cite journal |title=Selective Shielding of Bone Marrow: An Approach to Protecting Humans from External Gamma Radiation|journal=Health Physics|volume=113|issue=3|pages=195–208|date=September 2017|last1=Waterman|first1=Gideon|last2=Kase|first2=Kenneth|last3=Orion|first3=Itzhak|last4=Broisman|first4=Andrey|last5=Milstein|first5=Oren|s2cid=3300412|doi=10.1097/HP.0000000000000688|pmid=28749810 |bibcode=2017HeaPh.113..195W }}, or in the [[OECD|Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)]] and the [[Nuclear Energy Agency|Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)]]'s 2015 report: [https://www.oecd-nea.org/rp/docs/2014/crpph-r2014-5.pdf "Occupational Radiation Protection in Severe Accident Management"] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Acute Radiation Syndrome}} [[Category:Radioactive contamination]] [[Category:Radiology]] [[Category:Radiobiology]] [[Category:Radiation health effects]] [[Category:Medical emergencies]] [[Category:Causes of death]] [[Category:Effects of external causes]] [[Category:Syndromes wey dey affect blood]] [[Category:Occupational hazards]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ixmtx6hej1e35qh02qakh276ov32udh 0 23134 112415 110939 2026-09-24T19:21:16Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112415 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Alcoholism''' be de continued drinking of alcohol despite e dey cause problems. Sam definitions dey require evidence of dependence den withdrawal.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Littrell J |title=Understanding and Treating Alcoholism Volume I: An Empirically Based Clinician's Handbook for the Treatment of Alcoholism: Volume II: Biological, Psychological, and Social Aspects of Alcohol Consumption and Abuse|date=2014|publisher=Taylor and Francis|location=Hoboken|isbn=978-1-317-78314-5|page=55|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2k57AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA55|quote=The World Health Organization defines alcoholism as any drinking which results in problems|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170720112756/https://books.google.com/books?id=2k57AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA55|archive-date=20 July 2017}}</ref> Na dem mention problematic alcohol use insyd de earliest historical records. Na de [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) estimate der be 283 million people plus alcohol use disorders worldwide {{as of|2016|lc=y}}.<ref name="WHO2018">{{cite book |url=https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/274603/9789241565639-eng.pdf?ua=1 |title=Global status report on alcohol and health 2018 |date=2018 |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-4-156563-9 |pages=72, 80 |access-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725205222/https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/274603/9789241565639-eng.pdf?ua=1 |archive-date=25 July 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="un2020">{{cite web |title=World Population Prospects – Population Division |url=https://population.un.org/wpp/DataQuery/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615001511/https://population.un.org/wpp/DataQuery/ |archive-date=15 June 2020 |access-date=1 July 2024 |publisher=United Nations}}</ref> Na dem first coin de term ''alcoholism'' insyd 1852,<ref name="huss1852">{{cite book |url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=wt6r2Zw8sCEC|page=5}} |title=Alcoholismus chronicus, eller Chronisk alkoholssjukdom |publisher=Stockholm und Leipzig |year=1852 |access-date=19 February 2008}}</ref> buh na ''alcoholism'' den ''alcoholic'' be consider stigmatizing wey e likely discourage seeking treatment, so na dem often use diagnostic terms such as '''''alcohol use disorder''''' den ''alcohol dependence'' instead insyd a clinical context.<ref name="morrismoss2022">{{cite journal |last1=Morris |first1=J. |last2=Moss |first2=A. C. |last3=Albery |first3=I. P. |last4=Heather |first4=N. |date=1 January 2022 |title=The 'alcoholic other': Harmful drinkers resist problem recognition to manage identity threat |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460321002781 |url-status=live |journal=Addictive Behaviors |volume=124 |doi=10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107093 |pmid=34500234 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330234059/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460321002781 |archive-date=30 March 2024 |access-date=1 July 2024 |article-number=107093}}</ref><ref name="ashfordbrown2018">{{cite journal |last1=Ashford |first1=Robert D. |last2=Brown |first2=Austin M. |last3=Curtis |first3=Brenda |date=1 August 2018 |title=Substance use, recovery, and linguistics: The impact of word choice on explicit and implicit bias |journal=Drug and Alcohol Dependence |volume=189 |pages=131–138 |doi=10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.05.005 |pmc=6330014 |pmid=29913324}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rehm |first1=J |date=2011 |title=The risks associated with alcohol use and alcoholism |journal=[[Alcohol Research & Health]] |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=135–143 |pmc=3307043 |pmid=22330211}}</ref> Na dem use oda terms, sam slurs den sam informal, to refer to people wey be affected by alcoholism such as ''tippler'', ''sot'', ''drunk'', ''drunkard'', ''dipsomaniac'' den ''souse''.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IamKT5uk5lMC&pg=PA175 |title=Chambers English Thesaurus |publisher=Allied Publishers |isbn=978-81-86062-04-3 |page=175}}</ref> Alcohol be addictive, den heavy long-term use results insyd chaw negative health den social consequences. E fi damage all organ systems, buh especially dey affect de brain, heart, liver, pancreas, den immune system.<ref name="DSM53">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/490 |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 |date=2013 |publisher=American Psychiatric Association |isbn=978-0-89042-554-1 |edition=5 |location=Washington, DC |pages=[https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/490 490–97]}}</ref><ref name="NIHHx3">{{cite web |date=14 September 2011 |title=Alcohol's Effects on the Body |url=http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/alcohols-effects-body |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150603230352/http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/alcohols-effects-body |archive-date=3 June 2015 |access-date=9 May 2015}}</ref> Heavy usage fi result in trouble sleeping, den severe cognitive issues like [[dementia]], brain damage, anaa Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome. Physical effects dey include irregular heartbeat, impaired immune response, [[cirrhosis]], increased cancer risk, den severe withdrawal symptoms if dem stop suddenly.<ref name="DSM53" /><ref name="NIHHx3" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Romeo J, Wärnberg J, Nova E, Díaz LE, Gómez-Martinez S, Marcos A |date=October 2007 |title=Moderate alcohol consumption and the immune system: a review |journal=The British Journal of Nutrition |volume=98 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=S111-5 |doi=10.1017/S0007114507838049 |pmid=17922947 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dese effects fi reduce life expectancy by 10 years.<ref name="Schu2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schuckit MA |date=November 2014 |title=Recognition and management of withdrawal delirium (delirium tremens) |url=http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/08b9z9th |url-status=live |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=371 |issue=22 |pages=2109–13 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra1407298 |pmid=25427113 |s2cid=205116954 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213032901/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/08b9z9th |archive-date=13 February 2020 |access-date=1 July 2024}}</ref> Drinking during [[pregnancy]] fi harm de kiddie ein health,<ref name="FAS2015">{{cite web |date=14 September 2011 |title=Fetal Alcohol Exposure |url=https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/brochures-and-fact-sheets/understanding-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorders |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404182156/http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/fetal-alcohol-exposure |archive-date=4 April 2015 |access-date=9 May 2015}}</ref> den drunk driving dey increase de risk of traffic accidents. Alcoholism be associated plus violent den non-violent crime.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781405165518 |title=The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology |date=2007-02-15 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-1-4051-2433-1 |editor-last=Ritzer |editor-first=George |edition=1 |doi=10.1002/9781405165518.wbeosa039.pub2 |access-date=1 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101144411/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781405165518 |archive-date=1 November 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> While alcoholism directly result in 139,000 deaths worldwide insyd 2013,<ref name="GDB2013">{{cite journal |author1=((GBD 2013 Mortality Causes of Death Collaborators)) |date=January 2015 |title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_january-10-16-2015_385_9963/page/117 |journal=Lancet |volume=385 |issue=9963 |pages=117–71 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2 |pmc=4340604 |pmid=25530442}}</ref> insyd 2012 3.3 million deaths fi be attributable globally to alcohol.<ref name="NIH2015Stats">{{cite web |date=14 September 2011 |title=Alcohol Facts and Statistics |url=http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/overview-alcohol-consumption/alcohol-facts-and-statistics |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518081638/http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohol-health/overview-alcohol-consumption/alcohol-facts-and-statistics |archive-date=18 May 2015 |access-date=9 May 2015 |work=National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)}}</ref> De development of alcoholism be attributed to environment den genetics equally.<ref name="DSM53" /> Sam bro plus a parent anaa sibling plus an alcohol use disorder be 3-4 times more likely to develop alcohol use disorder, buh a minority per dey do.<ref name="DSM53" /> Environmental factors dey include social, cultural den behavioral influences.<ref name="Agarwal-Kozlowski-2000">{{cite journal |vauthors=Agarwal-Kozlowski K, Agarwal DP |date=April 2000 |title=[Genetic predisposition for alcoholism] |journal=Therapeutische Umschau |volume=57 |issue=4 |pages=179–84 |doi=10.1024/0040-5930.57.4.179 |pmid=10804873}}</ref> High stress levels den anxiety, as well as alcohol ein low cost den easy accessibility, dey increase de risk.<ref name="DSM53" /><ref name="Moon2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Moonat S, Pandey SC |year=2012 |title=Stress, epigenetics, and alcoholism |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_alcohol-research_2012_34_4/page/495 |journal=Alcohol Research |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=495–505 |doi=10.35946/arcr.v34.4.13 |pmc=3860391 |pmid=23584115}}</ref> Medically, alcoholism be considered both a physical den mental illness.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Mersy DJ |date=April 2003 |title=Recognition of alcohol and substance abuse |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-family-physician_2003-04-01_67_7/page/1529 |journal=American Family Physician |volume=67 |issue=7 |pages=1529–32 |pmid=12722853}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=June 2008 |title=Health and Ethics Policies of the AMA House of Delegates |url=http://www.ama-assn.org/ad-com/polfind/Hlth-Ethics.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320143132/http://www.ama-assn.org/ad-com/polfind/Hlth-Ethics.pdf |archive-date=20 March 2015 |access-date=10 May 2015 |page=33 |quote=H-30.997 Dual Disease Classification of Alcoholism: The AMA reaffirms its policy endorsing the dual classification of alcoholism under both the psychiatric and medical sections of the International Classification of Diseases. (Res. 22, I-79; Reaffirmed: CLRPD Rep. B, I-89; Reaffirmed: CLRPD Rep. B, I-90; Reaffirmed by CSA Rep. 14, A-97; Reaffirmed: CSAPH Rep. 3, A-07)}}</ref> Dem usually dey use questionnaires to detect possible alcoholism.<ref name="DSM53" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Higgins-Biddle JC, Babor TF |year=2018 |title=A review of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), AUDIT-C, and USAUDIT for screening in the United States: Past issues and future directions |journal=The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse |volume=44 |issue=6 |pages=578–586 |doi=10.1080/00952990.2018.1456545 |pmc=6217805 |pmid=29723083}}</ref> Further information then be collected to confirm de diagnosis.<ref name="DSM53" /> Treatment dey take several forms.<ref name="Blondell-20052">{{cite journal |vauthors=Blondell RD |date=February 2005 |title=Ambulatory detoxification of patients with alcohol dependence |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-family-physician_2005-02-01_71_3/page/495 |journal=American Family Physician |volume=71 |issue=3 |pages=495–502 |pmid=15712624}}</ref> Secof medical problems wey fi occur during withdrawal, alcohol cessation often for be controlled carefully.<ref name="Blondell-20052" /> A common method dey involve de use of benzodiazepine medications.<ref name="Blondell-20052" /> Dem sanso fi use de medications acamprosate anaa disulfiram to help prevent further drinking.<ref name="Test2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Testino G, Leone S, Borro P |date=December 2014 |title=Treatment of alcohol dependence: recent progress and reduction of consumption |journal=Minerva Medica |volume=105 |issue=6 |pages=447–66 |pmid=25392958}}</ref> Mental illness anaa oda addictions fi complicate treatment.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=DeVido JJ, Weiss RD |date=December 2012 |title=Treatment of the depressed alcoholic patient |journal=Current Psychiatry Reports |volume=14 |issue=6 |pages=610–8 |doi=10.1007/s11920-012-0314-7 |pmc=3712746 |pmid=22907336}}</ref> Dem dey use individual, group therapy, anaa support groups to attempt to keep a person from returning to alcoholism.<ref name="Morgan-Lopez-2006">{{cite journal |vauthors=Morgan-Lopez AA, Fals-Stewart W |date=May 2006 |title=Analytic complexities associated with group therapy in substance abuse treatment research: problems, recommendations, and future directions |journal=Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=265–73 |doi=10.1037/1064-1297.14.2.265 |pmc=4631029 |pmid=16756430}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Albanese AP |date=November 2012 |title=Management of alcohol abuse |journal=Clinics in Liver Disease |volume=16 |issue=4 |pages=737–62 |doi=10.1016/j.cld.2012.08.006 |pmid=23101980}}</ref> Among dem be de abstinence-based mutual aid fellowship Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). Na a 2020 scientific review find clinical interventions wey dey encourage increased participation insyd AA (AA/twelve step facilitation (TSF))—wey result in higher abstinence rates over oda clinical interventions, wey na chaw studies find AA/TSF lead to lower health costs.<ref name="Cochrane2020">{{cite journal |last1=Kelly |first1=John F. |last2=Humphreys |first2=Keith |last3=Ferri |first3=Marica |year=2020 |title=Alcoholics Anonymous and other 12-step programs for alcohol use disorder |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=3 |issue=3 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD012880.pub2 |pmc=7065341 |pmid=32159228 |article-number=CD012880}}</ref><ref name="Cochrane2020distilled">{{cite journal |last1=Kelly |first1=John F. |last2=Abry |first2=Alexandra |last3=Ferri |first3=Marica |last4=Humphreys |first4=Keith |year=2020 |title=Alcoholics Anonymous and 12-Step Facilitation Treatments for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Distillation of a 2020 Cochrane Review for Clinicians and Policy Makers |journal=Alcohol and Alcoholism |volume=55 |issue=6 |pages=641–651 |doi=10.1093/alcalc/agaa050 |pmc=8060988 |pmid=32628263}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |year=2020 |title=Alcoholics Anonymous most effective path to alcohol abstinence |url=https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2020/03/alcoholics-anonymous-most-effective-path-to-alcohol-abstinence.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220224453/https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2020/03/alcoholics-anonymous-most-effective-path-to-alcohol-abstinence.html |archive-date=20 February 2022 |access-date=1 July 2024}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Sister project links|wikt=alcoholism|b=no|q=Alcoholism|s=no|commons=Category:Alcoholism|n=no|v=Alcoholism|species=no|position=}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Alcohol abuse| ]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Drinking culture]] [[Category:Substance dependence]] [[Category:Substance-related disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 83u7ikqz6s7jivh1wxn8mohv08j4de8 0 23158 112379 110748 2026-09-24T18:18:57Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112379 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Diarrhea''' (American English), dem sanso spell '''diarrhoea''' anaa '''diarrhœa''' (British English), be de condition of having at least three loose, liquid, anaa watery bowel movements insyd a day.<ref name=WHO2013>{{cite web|date=2 May 2017|title=Diarrhoeal disease Factsheet|url=https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease|access-date=29 October 2020|website=World Health Organization|archive-date=11 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111202300/https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease|url-status=live}}</ref> E often dey last for a few days den fi result in dehydration secof fluid loss.<ref name="WHO2013" /> Signs of dehydration often dey begin plus loss of de normal stretchiness of de skin den irritable behaviour.<ref name="WHO2013" /> Dis fi progress to decreased urination, loss of skin color, a fast heart rate, den a decrease insyd responsiveness as e cam be more severe.<ref name="WHO2013" /> Loose buh non-watery stools insyd babies wey dem exclusively breastfeed, however, be normal.<ref name="WHO2013" /> [[File:En.Wikipedia-VideoWiki-Diarrhea.webm|thumb|Wat be diarrhea? How e be caused, treated den prevented? (sanso spy script)]] De most common cause be an infection of de intestines secof a virus, bacterium, anaa parasite—a condition dem sanso know as gastroenteritis.<ref name="WHO2013" /> Dese infections often be acquired from chow anaa water wey be contaminated by feces, anaa directly from anoda person wey be infected.<ref name="WHO2013" /> De three types of diarrhea be: short duration watery diarrhea, short duration bloody diarrhea, den persistent diarrhea (wey dey last more dan two weeks, wich either fi be watery anaa bloody).<ref name="WHO2013" /> De short duration watery diarrhea fi be secof [[cholera]], although dis be rare insyd de developed world.<ref name="WHO2013" /> If blood be present, e sanso be known as [[dysentery]].<ref name="WHO2013" /> A number of non-infectious causes fi result in diarrhea.<ref name="CEM2013">{{cite book |title=Anesthesia for otolaryngologic surgery |date=2013 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-107-01867-9 |veditors=Abdelmalak B, Doyle J |pages=282–287}}</ref> Dese dey include lactose intolerance, [[irritable bowel syndrome]], non-celiac gluten sensitivity, [[Coeliac disease|celiac disease]], inflammatory bowel disease such as [[ulcerative colitis]], hyperthyroidism, bile acid diarrhea, den a number of medications.<ref name="CEM2013" /><ref name="SaponeBai">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sapone A, Bai JC, Ciacci C, Dolinsek J, Green PH, Hadjivassiliou M, Kaukinen K, Rostami K, Sanders DS, Schumann M, Ullrich R, Villalta D, Volta U, Catassi C, Fasano A |date=February 2012 |title=Spectrum of gluten-related disorders: consensus on new nomenclature and classification |journal=BMC Medicine |type=Review |volume=10 |issue=1 |bibcode=2012BMCM...10...13S |doi=10.1186/1741-7015-10-13 |pmc=3292448 |pmid=22313950 |doi-access=free |article-number=13}} </ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Slattery SA, Niaz O, Aziz Q, Ford AC, Farmer AD |date=July 2015 |title=Systematic review with meta-analysis: the prevalence of bile acid malabsorption in the irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea |url=http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/86190/3/MANUSCRIPT-REVISED%5B1%5D.pdf |url-status=live |journal=Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=3–11 |doi=10.1111/apt.13227 |pmid=25913530 |s2cid=34603226 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200509035023/http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/86190/3/MANUSCRIPT-REVISED%5B1%5D.pdf |archive-date=9 May 2020 |access-date=23 September 2019 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Insyd chaw cases, stool cultures to confirm de exact cause no be required.<ref name="NEJM2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=DuPont HL |date=April 2014 |title=Acute infectious diarrhea in immunocompetent adults |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2014-04-17_370_16/page/1532 |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=370 |issue=16 |pages=1532–40 |doi=10.1056/nejmra1301069 |pmid=24738670}}</ref> Diarrhea fi be prevented by improved sanitation, clean drinking water, den hand washing plus soap.<ref name="WHO2013" /> Breastfeeding for at least six months den vaccination against rotavirus sanso be recommended.<ref name="WHO2013" /> Oral rehydration solution (ORS)—clean water plus modest amounts of salts den sugar—be de treatment of choice.<ref name="WHO2013" /> Zinc tablets sanso be recommended.<ref name="WHO2013" /> Na dem estimate dese treatments e save 50&nbsp;million kiddies insyd de past 25 years.<ref name="WHO2010a">{{cite web |title=whqlibdoc.who.int |url=http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789241598415_eng.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101108051648/http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789241598415_eng.pdf |archive-date=8 November 2010 |work=[[World Health Organization]]}}</ref> Wen people get diarrhea e be recommended say make dem continue to chop healthy chow, wey make dem continue dey breastfeed babies.<ref name="WHO2013" /> If commercial ORS no be available, homemade solutions fi be used.<ref name="Prober2012">{{cite book |title=Principles and practice of pediatric infectious diseases |vauthors=Crockett ME, Keystone JS |date=2012 |publisher=Elsevier Saunders |isbn=978-1-4557-3985-1 |veditors=Fischer M, Long SS, Prober CG |edition=4th |location=Edinburgh |page=82 |chapter=Protection of Travelers |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TN2Gu2Af1BIC&pg=PA82}}</ref> Insyd those plus severe dehydration, intravenous fluids fi be required.<ref name="WHO2013" /> Chaw cases, however, fi be managed well plus fluids by mouth.<ref>{{cite web |author1=ACEP |date=14 October 2013 |title=Nation's Emergency Physicians Announce List of Test and Procedures to Question as Part of Choosing Wisely Campaign |url=http://www.choosingwisely.org/nations-emergency-physicians-announce-list-of-test-and-procedures-to-question-as-part-of-choosing-wisely-campaign/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517042652/http://www.choosingwisely.org/nations-emergency-physicians-announce-list-of-test-and-procedures-to-question-as-part-of-choosing-wisely-campaign/ |archive-date=17 May 2014 |access-date=18 June 2014 |website=Choosing Wisely}}</ref> Antibiotics, while dem rarely use, fi be recommended insyd a few cases such as those wey get bloody diarrhea den a high fever, those plus severe diarrhea dey follow travelling, den those wey grow specific bacteria anaa parasites insyd dema stool.<ref name="NEJM2014" /> Loperamide fi help decrease de number of bowel movements buh dem no recommend in those plus severe disease.<ref name="NEJM2014" /> About 1.7 to 5&nbsp;billion cases of diarrhea dey occur per year.<ref name="WHO2013" /><ref name="CEM2013" /><ref name="GBD2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vos T, Barber RM, Bell B, Bertozzi-Villa A, Biryukov S, Bolliger I |date=August 2015 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_august-22-28-2015_386_9995/page/743 |journal=Lancet |volume=386 |issue=9995 |pages=743–800 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4 |pmc=4561509 |pmid=26063472 |collaboration=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators}}</ref> E be most common insyd developing countries, wer young kiddies dey get diarrhea on average three times a year.<ref name="WHO2013" /> Total deaths from diarrhea be estimated at 1.53&nbsp;million insyd 2019—down from 2.9 million insyd 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Dattani |first=Saloni |last2=Spooner |first2=Fiona |last3=Ritchie |first3=Hannah |last4=Roser |first4=Max |date=2023-07-03 |title=Diarrheal Diseases |url=https://ourworldindata.org/diarrheal-diseases |journal=Our World in Data |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2012, na e be de second most common cause of deaths insyd kiddies younger dan five (0.76 million or 11%).<ref name="WHO2013" /><ref name="CDC2013">{{cite web |date=24 January 2013 |title=Global Diarrhea Burden |url=https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/global/diarrhea-burden.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707153625/http://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/global/diarrhea-burden.html |archive-date=7 July 2014 |access-date=18 June 2014 |website=CDC}}</ref> Frequent episodes of diarrhea sanso be a common cause of malnutrition den de most common cause insyd those younger dan five years of age.<ref name="WHO2013" /> Oda long term problems wey fi result dey include stunted growth den poor intellectual development.<ref name="CDC2013" /> == References == [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] <references /> == External links == {{Sister project links|display=Diarrhea|voy=no}} * [https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease WHO fact sheet on diarrhoeal disease] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Diarrhea| ]] [[Category:Intestinal infectious diseases]] [[Category:Waterborne diseases]] [[Category:Diseases of intestines]] [[Category:Conditions dem diagnose by stool test]] [[Category:Symptoms den signs: Digestive system den abdomen]] [[Category:Feces]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] je59jdzkfitib9cqv444uc65763fjgk 0 23197 112454 84086 2026-09-25T00:00:48Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112454 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atorvastatin''', dem sell under de brand name '''Lipitor''' among odas, be a statin medication dem use to prevent cardiovascular disease insyd those at high risk den to treat abnormal lipid levels.<ref name="AHFS20182">{{cite web |title=Atorvastatin Calcium Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/atorvastatin-calcium.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101025140429/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/atorvastatin-calcium.html |archive-date=25 October 2010 |access-date=23 December 2018 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=AHFS}}</ref> For de prevention of cardiovascular disease, statins be a first-line treatment insyd reducing cholesterol.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Dem dey take am by mouth.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Common side effects fi include diarrhea, heartburn, nausea, muscle pain (typically mild den dose-dependent) den, less frequently, joint pain. Muscle symptoms often dey occur during de first year den be commonly influenced by pre-existing health issues den de nocebo effect.<ref name="Reith_20222">{{cite journal |vauthors=Reith C, Baigent C, Blackwell L, Emberson J, Spata E, Davies K, Halls H, Holland L, Wilson K, Armitage J, Harper C, Preiss D, Roddick A, Keech A, Simes J, Collins R, Barnes E, Fulcher J, Herrington WG, Kirby A, Mihaylova B, O'Connell R, Amarenco P, Barter P, Betteridge DJ, Blazing M, Bosch J, Bowman L, Braunwald E, Cannon CP |date=September 2022 |title=Effect of statin therapy on muscle symptoms: an individual participant data meta-analysis of large-scale, randomised, double-blind trials |journal=Lancet |volume=400 |issue=10355 |pages=832–845 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(22)01545-8 |pmc=7613583 |pmid=36049498}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Gupta A, Thompson D, Whitehouse A, Collier T, Dahlof B, Poulter N, Collins R, Sever P |date=June 2017 |title=Adverse events associated with unblinded, but not with blinded, statin therapy in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Lipid-Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial and its non-randomised non-blind extension phase |journal=Lancet |volume=389 |issue=10088 |pages=2473–2481 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31075-9 |hdl=10044/1/50011 |pmid=28476288 |hdl-access=free |collaboration=ASCOT Investigators}}</ref> Chaw patients fi continue therapy plus dose adjustment anaa statin switching. Rare (<0.1%) buh serious side effects fi include rhabdomyolysis (severe muscle disorder), liver problems den diabetes.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Australian Medicines Handbook |url=https://amhonline.amh.net.au/auth?page=chapters/cardiovascular-drugs/drugs-dyslipidaemia/statins/atorvastatin%3Fmenu%3Dhints |access-date=11 May 2025 |website=amhonline.amh.net.au}}</ref> Ein use during [[pregnancy]] fi harm de fetus.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Like all statins, atorvastatin dey work by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme dem find insyd de liver wey dey play a role in producing cholesterol.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Na dem patent atorvastatin insyd 1986, wey na dem approve am for medical use insyd de [[United States]] insyd 1996.<ref name="AHFS20182" /><ref name="Fis2006">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA473 |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |vauthors=Fischer J, Ganellin CR |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-3-527-60749-5 |page=473 |access-date=10 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230112030119/https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA473 |archive-date=12 January 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> E be on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO23rd">{{cite book |author-link=World Health Organization |title=The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023) |vauthors=((World Health Organization)) |publisher=World Health Organization |year=2023 |location=Geneva |hdl=10665/371090 |id=WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> E be available as a generic medication.<ref name="AHFS20182" /><ref name="Hit20142">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oeYjAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA197 |title=The Top 100 Drugs e-book: Clinical Pharmacology and Practical Prescribing |vauthors=Hitchings A, Lonsdale D, Burrage D, Baker E |date=2014 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-7020-5515-7 |page=197 |access-date=27 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226050503/https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Top_100_Drugs_e_book/oeYjAwAAQBAJ?gbpv=1&pg=PA197 |archive-date=26 February 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd 2023, na e be de most commonly prescribed medication insyd de [[United States]], plus more dan 115{{nbsp}}million prescriptions filled for over 29 million people.<ref name="Top 300 of 2023">{{cite web |title=The Top 300 of 2023 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |archive-date=12 August 2025 |access-date=12 August 2025 |website=ClinCalc}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Atorvastatin Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Atorvastatin |access-date=12 August 2025 |website=ClinCalc}}</ref> Insyd [[Australia]], na e be one of de top ten most prescribed medications between 2017 den 2023.<ref>{{cite web |date=2 July 2024 |title=Medicines in the health system |url=https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/medicines/medicines-in-the-health-system |access-date=30 September 2024 |website=Australian Institute of Health and Welfare}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Maggon K | title = Best-selling human medicines 2002–2004 | journal = Drug Discovery Today | volume = 10 | issue = 11 | pages = 739–42 | date = June 2005 | pmid = 15922927 | doi = 10.1016/S1359-6446(05)03468-9 }} * {{cite web | url = https://web.archive.org/web/20250501171756/https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2003/01/20/335643/index.htm | title = The $10 Billion Pill Hold the fries, please. Lipitor, the cholesterol-lowering medication, has become the bestselling pharmaceutical in history. Here's how Pfizer did it | work = [[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] | vauthors = Simons J | date = 20 January 2003 }} * {{cite news | url = https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB948677773420632448 | title = The Birth of a Blockbuster: Lipitor's Route out of the Lab | vauthors = Winslow R | date = 24 January 2000 | work = [[The Wall Street Journal]] | access-date = 26 October 2011 | url-access = subscription | archive-date = 7 April 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190407204143/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB948677773420632448 | url-status = live }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Anilides]] [[Category:Diols]] [[Category:4-Fluorophenyl compounds]] [[Category:Isopropyl compounds]] [[Category:Drugs wey Pfizer develop]] [[Category:Pyrroles]] [[Category:Statins]] [[Category:Hydroxycarboxylic acids]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ni2nf2mkolvpbyglscxnqfpecion84o 0 23210 112340 110650 2026-09-24T17:13:59Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112340 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A '''sexually transmitted infection''' ('''STI'''), dem sanso refer to as a '''sexually transmitted disease''' ('''STD''') den de older term '''venereal disease''' ('''VD'''), be an infection wey be spread by sexual activity, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex, oral sex, anaa sam times manual sex.<ref name="WHO20144">{{cite web |date=November 2013 |title=Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Fact sheet N°110 |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs110/en/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141125133056/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs110/en/ |archive-date=25 November 2014 |access-date=30 November 2014 |website=who.int}}</ref><ref name="Women2017">{{Cite web |date=2017-02-22 |title=Sexually transmitted infections |url=https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/sexually-transmitted-infections |access-date=2017-12-08 |website=womenshealth.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Hoyle |first1=Alice |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KE7ADwAAQBAJ&pg=PT261 |title=Great Relationships and Sex Education |last2=McGeeney |first2=Ester |publisher=Taylor and Francis |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-351-18825-8 |access-date=July 11, 2023}}</ref> STIs often initially no dey cause symptoms,<ref name="WHO20144" /> wich dey result in a risk of transmitting dem to odas.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RBEVsFmR2yQC&pg=PA418 |title=Medical microbiology |vauthors=Murray PR, Rosenthal KS, Pfaller MA |date=2013 |publisher=Mosby |isbn=978-0-323-08692-9 |edition=7th |location=St. Louis, MO |page=418 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151201070705/https://books.google.com/books?id=RBEVsFmR2yQC&pg=PA418 |archive-date=2015-12-01 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pzQayLEQ5mQC&pg=PA245 |title=Mims' medical microbiology |vauthors=Goering RV |date=2012 |publisher=Saunders |isbn=978-0-7234-3601-0 |edition=5th |location=Edinburgh |page=245}}</ref> De term ''sexually transmitted infection'' generally be preferred over ''sexually transmitted disease'' anaa ''venereal disease'', as e dey include cases plus no [[Signs and symptoms#Symptomatic|symptomatic disease]].<ref name="WHO2003Term">{{cite book |url=http://applications.emro.who.int/aiecf/web79.pdf |title=Guidelines for the management of sexually transmitted infections |date=2003 |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-4-154626-3 |location=Geneva |page=vi |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208104249/http://applications.emro.who.int/aiecf/web79.pdf |archive-date=2014-12-08 |url-status=live}}</ref> Symptoms den signs of STIs fi include vaginal discharge, penile discharge, ulcers on anaa around de genitals, den pelvic pain.<ref name="WHO20144" /> Sam STIs fi cause infertility.<ref name="WHO20144" /> Bacterial STIs dey include chlamydia, gonorrhea, den [[syphilis]].<ref name="WHO20144" /> Viral STIs dey include genital warts, genital herpes, den [[HIV/AIDS]].<ref name="WHO20144" /> Parasitic STIs dey include trichomoniasis.<ref name="WHO20144" /> Chaw STIs be treatable den curable; of de most common infections, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, den trichomoniasis be curable, while HIV/AIDS den genital herpes no be curable.<ref name="WHO20144" /> Sam vaccinations fi decrease de risk of certain infections wey dey include hepatitis B den a few types of HPV.<ref name="CDC2013P2">{{cite web |date=31 May 2016 |title=How You Can Prevent Sexually Transmitted Diseases |url=https://www.cdc.gov/std/prevention/default.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141209015403/http://www.cdc.gov/std/prevention/default.htm |archive-date=9 December 2014 |access-date=13 December 2017 |website=cdc.gov |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention}}</ref> Safe sex practices such as de use of [[Condom|condoms]], dem get smaller number of sexual partners, den dem be insyd a relationship in wich each person has sex per plus de oda sanso dey decrease STIs risk.<ref name="WHO20144" /><ref name="CDC2013P2" /> Comprehensive sex education sanso fi be useful.<ref>{{Cite book |url=http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0026/002607/260770e.pdf |title=International technical guidance on sexuality education: An evidence-informed approach |publisher=UNESCO |year=2018 |isbn=978-92-3-100259-5 |location=Paris |page=28}}</ref> STI diagnostic tests usually be easily available insyd de developed world, buh dem be often unavailable insyd de developing world.<ref name="WHO20144" /> Der often be shame den stigma associated plus STIs.<ref name="WHO20144" /> Insyd 2015, na STIs oda dan HIV result in 108,000 deaths worldwide.<ref name="GBD2015De">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, etal |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1459–1544 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1 |pmc=5388903 |pmid=27733281 |collaboration=GBD 2015 Mortality Causes of Death Collaborators}}</ref> Globally, insyd 2015, na about 1.1&nbsp;billion people get STIs oda dan HIV/AIDS.<ref name="GBD2015Pre">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, etal |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1545–1602 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 |pmc=5055577 |pmid=27733282 |collaboration=GBD 2015 Disease Injury Incidence Prevalence Collaborators}}</ref> About 500 million get either syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia anaa trichomoniasis.<ref name="WHO20144" /> At least na an additional 530 million get genital herpes, den 290&nbsp;million women get human papillomavirus.<ref name="WHO20144" /> Historical documentation of STIs insyd antiquity dey date back to at least de Ebers Papyrus ({{circa|1550 BCE}}) den de Hebrew Bible/Old Testament (8th/7th C. BCE).<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AnoGccgd7yQC&pg=PR20 |title=Sexually transmitted infections and sexually transmitted diseases |vauthors=Gross G, Tyring SK |date=2011 |publisher=Springer Verlag |isbn=978-3-642-14663-3 |location=Heidelberg |page=20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924235232/https://books.google.com/books?id=AnoGccgd7yQC&pg=PR20 |archive-date=2015-09-24 |url-status=live}}</ref> == Cause == === Transmission === A sexually transmitted infection present insyd a pregnant woman fi be passed on to de infant before anaa after birth.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Kennedy CE, Yeh PT, Pandey S, Betran AP, Narasimhan M |date=July 2017 |title=Elective cesarean section for women living with HIV: a systematic review of risks and benefits |journal=AIDS |volume=31 |issue=11 |pages=1579–1591 |doi=10.1097/QAD.0000000000001535 |pmc=5491238 |pmid=28481770}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" style="float: text-align:center" ! colspan="4" style="background:lightgrey; font-size:120%;" |Risk of transmission per unprotected sexual act plus an infected person<ref name="Edwards_and_Carn">{{cite journal |vauthors=Edwards S, Carne C |date=April 1998 |title=Oral sex and transmission of non-viral STIs |journal=Sexually Transmitted Infections |volume=74 |issue=2 |pages=95–100 |doi=10.1136/sti.74.2.95 |pmc=1758102 |pmid=9634339}}</ref><ref name="Johns_Hopkins">{{cite web |year=2007 |title=HPV Infection Linked to Throat Cancers |url=http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/media/releases/hpv_infection_linked_to_throat_cancers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130906193559/http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/media/releases/hpv_infection_linked_to_throat_cancers |archive-date=2013-09-06 |website=Johns Hopkins Medicine |vauthors=Gillisons M}}</ref><ref name="Hoare">{{cite thesis |title=Mathematical models of HIV epidemics in Australia and South East Asia |date=2010 |degree=Ph.D |publisher=UNSW Sydney |url=http://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:9027/SOURCE02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419003058/http://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks%3A9027/SOURCE02 |archive-date=19 April 2012 |vauthors=Hoare AN}}</ref><ref name="ashm">{{cite web |title=Australasian contact tracing manual |url=http://ctm.ashm.org.au/Default.asp?PublicationID=6&ParentSectionID=694&SectionID=670 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110301033928/http://ctm.ashm.org.au/Default.asp?PublicationID=6&ParentSectionID=694&SectionID=670 |archive-date=1 March 2011 |publisher=Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine |quote=Specific infections where contact tracing is generally recommended}}</ref><ref name="Varghese">{{cite journal |vauthors=Varghese B, Maher JE, Peterman TA, Branson BM, Steketee RW |date=January 2002 |title=Reducing the risk of sexual HIV transmission: quantifying the per-act risk for HIV on the basis of choice of partner, sex act, and condom use |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1234824 |journal=Sexually Transmitted Diseases |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=38–43 |doi=10.1097/00007435-200201000-00007 |pmid=11773877 |s2cid=45262002 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Holmes_et_al">{{cite journal |vauthors=Holmes KK, Johnson DW, Trostle HJ |date=February 1970 |title=An estimate of the risk of men acquiring gonorrhea by sexual contact with infected females |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-epidemiology_1970-02_91_2/page/170 |journal=American Journal of Epidemiology |volume=91 |issue=2 |pages=170–4 |doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121125 |pmid=5416250}}</ref><ref name="Mahiane_et_al">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mahiane SG, Legeai C, Taljaard D, Latouche A, Puren A, Peillon A, Bretagnolle J, Lissouba P, Nguema EP, Gassiat E, Auvert B |date=January 2009 |title=Transmission probabilities of HIV and herpes simplex virus type 2, effect of male circumcision and interaction: a longitudinal study in a township of South Africa |journal=AIDS |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=377–383 |doi=10.1097/QAD.0b013e32831c5497 |pmc=2831044 |pmid=19198042}}</ref><ref name="Burchell_et_al">{{cite journal |vauthors=Burchell AN, Richardson H, Mahmud SM, Trottier H, Tellier PP, Hanley J, Coutlée F, Franco EL |date=March 2006 |title=Modeling the sexual transmissibility of human papillomavirus infection using stochastic computer simulation and empirical data from a cohort study of young women in Montreal, Canada |journal=American Journal of Epidemiology |volume=163 |issue=6 |pages=534–43 |doi=10.1093/aje/kwj077 |pmid=16421235 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Platt_et_al">{{cite journal |vauthors=Platt R, Rice PA, McCormack WM |date=December 1983 |title=Risk of acquiring gonorrhea and prevalence of abnormal adnexal findings among women recently exposed to gonorrhea |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_1983-12-16_250_23/page/3205 |journal=JAMA |volume=250 |issue=23 |pages=3205–9 |doi=10.1001/jama.250.23.3205 |pmid=6417362}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2011 |title=STD Risks Chart |url=http://www.sfcityclinic.org/stdbasics/stdchart.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816154237/http://www.sfcityclinic.org/stdbasics/stdchart.asp |archive-date=16 August 2011 |work=Department of Public Health, City & County of San Francisco}}</ref><ref name="Jin_et_al">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jin F, Jansson J, Law M, Prestage GP, Zablotska I, Imrie JC, Kippax SC, Kaldor JM, Grulich AE, Wilson DP |date=March 2010 |title=Per-contact probability of HIV transmission in homosexual men in Sydney in the era of HAART |journal=AIDS |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=907–13 |doi=10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283372d90 |pmc=2852627 |pmid=20139750}}</ref><ref name="bryan">{{cite web |year=2011 |title=Infectious Disease Chapter Eight Sexually Transmitted Diseases |url=http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/infectious%20disease/sexually%20transmitted%20diseases.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140624073420/http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/infectious%20disease/sexually%20transmitted%20diseases.htm |archive-date=2014-06-24 |work=Microbiology and Immunology On-line |publisher=University of South Carolina School of Medicine |vauthors=Bryan C}}</ref><ref name="Merck_Manual">{{cite web |year=2007 |title=Pinworm Infection |url=http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/parasitic_infections/pinworm_infection.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131031231313/http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/parasitic_infections/pinworm_infection.html |archive-date=2013-10-31 |website=Merck Manual Home Health Handbook |vauthors=Pearson R}}</ref> |- | ! scope="col" |Known risks ! scope="col" |Possible |- ! scope="row" |Dey perform oral sex on a penis | * Throat chlamydia<ref name="Edwards_and_Carn" /> * Throat gonorrhea<ref name="Edwards_and_Carn" /> (25–30%) * Herpes (rare) * HPV<ref name="Johns_Hopkins" /> * [[Syphilis]]<ref name="Edwards_and_Carn" /> (1%)<ref name="Hoare" /> | * Hepatitis B (low risk)<ref name="ashm" /> * HIV (0.01%)<ref name="Varghese" /> * Hepatitis C (unknown) |- ! scope="row" |Dey perform oral sex on a vagina | * Herpes * HPV<ref name="Johns_Hopkins" /> | * Throat gonorrhea<ref name="Edwards_and_Carn" /> * Throat chlamydia<ref name="Edwards_and_Carn" /> |- ! scope="row" |Having oral sex performed on one ein penis | * Chlamydia * Gonorrhea<ref name="Edwards_and_Carn" /> * Herpes * [[Syphilis]]<ref name="Edwards_and_Carn" /> (1%)<ref name="Hoare" /> | * HPV |- ! scope="row" |Having oral sex performed on one ein vagina | * Herpes | * HPV * Bacterial vaginosis<ref name="Edwards_and_Carn" /> * Gonorrhea<ref name="Edwards_and_Carn" /> |- ! scope="row" |Vaginal sex—insertive | * Chlamydia (30–50%)<ref name="ashm" /> * Crabs * [[Scabies]] * Gonorrhea (22%)<ref name="Holmes_et_al" /> * Hepatitis B * Herpes (0.07% for HSV-2)<ref name="Mahiane_et_al" /> * HIV (0.05%)<ref name="Varghese" /><ref name="Mahiane_et_al" /> * HPV (high: around 40–50%)<ref name="Burchell_et_al" /> * Mycoplasma hominis infection<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/mycoplasma-infections#2|title=Mycoplasma Infections|work=WebMD|access-date=2017-06-29|language=en-US|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730025112/http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/mycoplasma-infections#2|archive-date=2017-07-30}}</ref> * ''Mycoplasma genitalium''<ref>{{cite web |title=Diseases Characterized by Urethritis and Cervicitis – 2015 STD Treatment Guidelines |url=https://www.cdc.gov/std/tg2015/urethritis-and-cervicitis.htm |access-date=8 December 2017 |website=www.cdc.gov}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Lis R, Rowhani-Rahbar A, Manhart LE |date=August 2015 |title=Mycoplasma genitalium infection and female reproductive tract disease: a meta-analysis |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |volume=61 |issue=3 |pages=418–26 |doi=10.1093/cid/civ312 |hdl=1773/26479 |pmid=25900174 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Wiesenfeld HC, Manhart LE |date=July 2017 |title=Mycoplasma genitalium in Women: Current Knowledge and Research Priorities for This Recently Emerged Pathogen |journal=The Journal of Infectious Diseases |volume=216 |issue=suppl_2 |pages=S389–S395 |doi=10.1093/infdis/jix198 |pmc=5853983 |pmid=28838078}}</ref> * [[Syphilis]] * Trichomoniasis * ''Ureaplasma infection''<ref name=":0" /> | * Hepatitis C |- ! scope="row" |Vaginal sex—receptive | * Chlamydia (30–50%)<ref name="ashm" /> * Crabs * [[Scabies]] * Gonorrhea (47%)<ref name="Platt_et_al" /> * Hepatitis B (50–70%) * Herpes * HIV (0.1%)<ref name="Varghese" /> * HPV (high;<ref name="ashm" /> around 40–50%)<ref name="Burchell_et_al" /> * Mycoplasma hominis infection<ref name=":0" /> * [[Syphilis]] * Trichomoniasis * Ureaplasma infection<ref name=":0" /> | * Hepatitis C |- ! scope="row" |Anal sex—insertive | * Chlamydia * Crabs * [[Scabies]] (40%) * Gonorrhea * Hepatitis B * Herpes * HIV (0.62%)<ref name="Jin_et_al" /> * HPV * [[Syphilis]] (14%)<ref name="Hoare" /> | * Hepatitis C |- ! scope="row" |Anal sex—receptive | * Chlamydia * Crabs * [[Scabies]] * Gonorrhea * Hepatitis B * Herpes * HIV (1.7%)<ref name="Jin_et_al" /> * HPV * [[Syphilis]] (1.4%)<ref name="Hoare" /> | * Hepatitis C |- ! scope="row" |Anilingus | * Amoebiasis * Cryptosporidiosis (1%) * Giardiasis<ref>{{cite web |date=July 13, 2012 |title=Giardia, Epidemiology & Risk Factors |url=https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/giardia/epi.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150502190654/http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/giardia/epi.html |archive-date=May 2, 2015 |access-date=2015-07-03 |publisher=Center For Disease Control}}</ref> * Hepatitis A<ref>{{cite web |date=May 31, 2015 |title=Hepatitis A, Division of Viral Hepatitis |url=https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hav/afaq.htm#transmission |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704130424/http://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hav/afaq.htm#transmission |archive-date=July 4, 2015 |access-date=2015-07-03 |publisher=Center For Disease Control}}</ref>(1%) * Shigellosis<ref>{{cite web |date=April 23, 2015 |title=''Shigella'' Infections among Gay & Bisexual Men |url=https://www.cdc.gov/shigella/msm.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150704130110/http://www.cdc.gov/shigella/msm.html |archive-date=July 4, 2015 |access-date=2015-07-03 |publisher=Center For Disease Control}}</ref> (1%) | * HPV (1%) |} === Bacterial === * Chancroid (''Haemophilus ducreyi'')<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.lecturio.com/concepts/chancroid/|title=Chancroid|newspaper=Lecturio|access-date=27 August 2021}}</ref> * Chlamydia (''Chlamydia trachomatis'')<ref>{{cite web |title=Chlamydia |url=https://www.lecturio.com/concepts/chlamydia/ |access-date=27 August 2021 |website=The Lecturio Medical Concept Library}}</ref> * Gonorrhea (''Neisseria gonorrhoeae'')<ref>{{cite web |title=Gonorrhea |url=https://www.lecturio.com/concepts/gonorrhea/ |access-date=27 August 2021 |website=The Lecturio Medical Concept Library}}</ref> * Granuloma inguinale or (''Klebsiella granulomatis'')<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=O'Farrell N |date=December 2002 |title=Donovanosis |journal=Sexually Transmitted Infections |volume=78 |issue=6 |pages=452–457 |doi=10.1136/sti.78.6.452 |pmc=1758360 |pmid=12473810}}</ref> * ''Mycoplasma genitalium''<ref name="Ljubin-SternakMeštrović2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ljubin-Sternak S, Meštrović T |year=2014 |title=Chlamydia trachomatis and Genital Mycoplasmas: Pathogens with an Impact on Human Reproductive Health |journal=Journal of Pathogens |volume=2014 |doi=10.1155/2014/183167 |pmc=4295611 |pmid=25614838 |doi-access=free |article-number=183167}}</ref><ref name="ZareiRezania2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zarei O, Rezania S, Mousavi A |year=2013 |title=Mycoplasma genitalium and cancer: a brief review |journal=Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention |volume=14 |issue=6 |pages=3425–8 |doi=10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.6.3425 |pmid=23886122 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="ManchesterMcGowin2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=McGowin CL, Anderson-Smits C |date=May 2011 |title=Mycoplasma genitalium: an emerging cause of sexually transmitted disease in women |journal=PLOS Pathogens |volume=7 |issue=5 |doi=10.1371/journal.ppat.1001324 |pmc=3102684 |pmid=21637847 |doi-access=free |article-number=e1001324}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Weinstein SA, Stiles BG |date=April 2012 |title=Recent perspectives in the diagnosis and evidence-based treatment of Mycoplasma genitalium |journal=Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=487–99 |doi=10.1586/eri.12.20 |pmid=22512757 |s2cid=207218803}}</ref> * ''Mycoplasma hominis''<ref name="CainiGandini2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Caini S, Gandini S, Dudas M, Bremer V, Severi E, Gherasim A |date=August 2014 |title=Sexually transmitted infections and prostate cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=Cancer Epidemiology |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=329–38 |doi=10.1016/j.canep.2014.06.002 |pmid=24986642}}</ref><ref name="Ljubin-SternakMeštrović2014" /><ref name="SchlichtLovrich2004">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schlicht MJ, Lovrich SD, Sartin JS, Karpinsky P, Callister SM, Agger WA |date=October 2004 |title=High prevalence of genital mycoplasmas among sexually active young adults with urethritis or cervicitis symptoms in La Crosse, Wisconsin |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-microbiology_2004-10_42_10/page/4636 |journal=Journal of Clinical Microbiology |volume=42 |issue=10 |pages=4636–40 |doi=10.1128/JCM.42.10.4636-4640.2004 |pmc=522307 |pmid=15472322}}</ref><ref name="McIverRismanto2009">{{cite journal |vauthors=McIver CJ, Rismanto N, Smith C, Naing ZW, Rayner B, Lusk MJ, Konecny P, White PA, Rawlinson WD |date=May 2009 |title=Multiplex PCR testing detection of higher-than-expected rates of cervical mycoplasma, ureaplasma, and trichomonas and viral agent infections in sexually active australian women |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-microbiology_2009-05_47_5/page/1358 |journal=Journal of Clinical Microbiology |volume=47 |issue=5 |pages=1358–63 |doi=10.1128/JCM.01873-08 |pmc=2681846 |pmid=19261782}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Taylor-Robinson D |date=October 1996 |title=Infections due to species of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma: an update |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-infectious-diseases_1996-10_23_4/page/671 |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=671–82; quiz 683–4 |doi=10.1093/clinids/23.4.671 |jstor=4459713 |pmid=8909826}}</ref> * [[Syphilis]] (''Treponema pallidum'')<ref>{{cite web |title=Syphilis |url=https://www.lecturio.com/concepts/syphilis/ |access-date=27 August 2021 |website=The Lecturio Medical Concept Library}}</ref> * Ureaplasma infection<ref name="ClarkTal2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sharma H, Tal R, Clark NA, Segars JH |date=January 2014 |title=Microbiota and pelvic inflammatory disease |journal=Seminars in Reproductive Medicine |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=43–9 |doi=10.1055/s-0033-1361822 |pmc=4148456 |pmid=24390920}}</ref><ref name="LarsenHwang2010">{{cite journal |vauthors=Larsen B, Hwang J |year=2010 |title=Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma, and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a fresh look |journal=Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology |volume=2010 |pages=1–7 |doi=10.1155/2010/521921 |pmc=2913664 |pmid=20706675 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{Cite book | vauthors = Aral SO |year =2008 |title = Behavioral Interventions for Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F1RIOW0x5gAC&q=Sexually%20transmitted%20disease&pg=PR1 |publisher= Springer Singapore Pte. Limited|isbn=978-0-387-85768-8 }} * {{Cite book | vauthors = Faro S |year = 2003|title =Sexually transmitted diseases in women |url =https://books.google.com/books?id=l0xZNxirdx0C&q=Sexually%20transmitted%20disease&pg=PP1|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |isbn= 978-0-397-51303-1}} * {{Cite book | vauthors = Ford CA, Bowers ES |year =2009 |title = Living with Sexually Transmitted Diseases|url = https://archive.org/details/livingwithsexual0000ford|url-access = registration |quote = Sexually transmitted disease. |publisher=Facts on File |isbn=978-0-8160-7672-7 }} * {{Cite book | vauthors = Sehgal VN |edition=4th |year =2003 |title = Sexually Transmitted Diseases |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=VORwYIzp__wC&q=Sexually%20transmitted%20disease&pg=PP1|publisher=Jaypee Bros. Medical Publishers |isbn= 978-81-8061-105-6 }} * {{Cite book | vauthors = Shoquist J, Stafford D |year = 2003|title =The encyclopedia of sexually transmitted diseases|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=LFMvJNyVoUgC&q=Sexually%20transmitted%20disease&pg=PP1 |publisher= Facts on File|isbn=978-0-8160-4881-6 }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, Johnston CM, Muzny CA, Park I, Reno H, Zenilman JM, Bolan GA |title=Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 |journal=MMWR Recomm Rep |volume=70 |issue=4 |pages=1–187 |date=July 2021 |pmid=34292926 |pmc=8344968 |doi=10.15585/mmwr.rr7004a1 |doi-access=free |url=https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/rr/pdfs/rr7004a1-H.pdf }} == External links == {{Sister project links |wikt= |commons=Sexually transmitted diseases and disorders |commonscat=yes |d=Q12198 |v=Sexually transmitted diseases}} * [https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5912a1.htm CDC Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2010] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100721235135/http://www.dermnet.com/moduleIndex.cfm?moduleID=16 STD photo library] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100721235135/http://www.dermnet.com/moduleIndex.cfm?moduleID=16 |date=21 July 2010 }} at [[New Zealand Dermatological Society|Dermnet]] * [https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/sti_breaking.pdf UNFPA: Breaking the Cycle of Sexually Transmitted Infections] at [[United Nations Population Fund|UNFPA]] * [http://www.stdsincolor.com/ STDs In Color: Sexually Transmitted Disease Facts and Photos] * [http://wonder.cdc.gov/std.html CDC]: Sexually transmitted diseases in the U.S. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250421125253/https://www.stiwatch.org/:/ STI Watch: World Health Organization] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Sexually transmitted diseases den infections| ]] [[Category:Disease transmission]] [[Category:Mycoplasma]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] s2nq5jx57rymakqmpp1dd5ycfw0lsoi 0 23213 112320 84130 2026-09-24T16:48:00Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112320 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia''' (BvFTD) na dem previously know as '''''Pick's disease''''', wey e be de most common of de [[Frontotemporal dementia|FTD]] types.<ref name="NIA20202">{{cite web |title=What are the Different Types of Frontotemporal Disorders? |url=https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/types-frontotemporal-disorders |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728013934/https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/types-frontotemporal-disorders |archive-date=July 28, 2017 |access-date=1 November 2020 |website=National Institute on Aging |language=en}}</ref><ref name="dementiaUK3">{{cite web |title=What is frontotemporal dementia |url=https://www.dementiauk.org/understanding-dementia/types-and-symptoms/frontotemporal-dementia/ |access-date=2020-10-19 |website=[[Dementia UK]]}}</ref> BvFTD be diagnosed four times as often as de PPA variants.<ref name="Olney22">{{cite journal |vauthors=Olney NT, Spina S, Miller BL |date=May 2017 |title=Frontotemporal Dementia |journal=Neurologic Clinics |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=339–374 |doi=10.1016/j.ncl.2017.01.008 |pmc=5472209 |pmid=28410663}}</ref> Behavior fi change insyd BvFTD insyd either of two ways—e fi change to e be impulsive den disinhibited, dey act insyd socially unacceptable ways; anaa e fi change to e be listless den apathetic.<ref name="NIH2020">{{cite web |title=Frontotemporal Dementia Information Page |url=https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/frontotemporal-dementia-and-other-frontotemporal-disorders |work=National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke |publisher=U.S. National Institutes of Health}}</ref><ref name="annual">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sleegers K, Cruts M, Van Broeckhoven C |year=2010 |title=Molecular pathways of frontotemporal lobar degeneration |journal=Annual Review of Neuroscience |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=71–88 |doi=10.1146/annurev-neuro-060909-153144 |pmid=20415586}}</ref> About 12–13% of people plus bvFTD dey develop motor neuron disease.<ref name="Lancet2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bang J, Spina S, Miller BL |date=October 2015 |title=Frontotemporal dementia |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_october-24-30-2015_386_10004/page/1672 |journal=Lancet |volume=386 |issue=10004 |pages=1672–1682 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00461-4 |pmc=5970949 |pmid=26595641}}</ref> De Pick bodies wich be present insyd behavioral variant FTD be spherical inclusion bodies dem find insyd de cytoplasm of affected cells. Dem dey consist of tau fibrils as a major component togeda plus a number of oda protein products wey dey include ubiquitin den tubulin.<ref name="radiopaedia">{{cite web |title=Pick bodies |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/pick-bodies?lang=gb |access-date=12 March 2021 |work=Radiology Reference Article |publisher=[[Radiopaedia]] |vauthors=Gaillard F}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==External links== {{sister project links||d=Q18576|c=Category:Pick's disease|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} *{{Cite web |title=AFTD - The Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration |url=https://www.theaftd.org/ |access-date=2025-05-15 |language=en-US}} Patient group {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected = neurological}} [[Category:Cognitive disorders]] [[Category:Dementia]] [[Category:Diseases dem name after discoverers]] 1eu52g6vw7dfb0zy9ykk5vq0czjvb05 0 23220 112300 84166 2026-09-24T16:23:12Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 4 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112300 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Myocarditis''' be inflammation of de cardiac muscle. Myocarditis fi progress to '''inflammatory cardiomyopathy''' wen der be associated ventricular remodeling den cardiac dysfunction secof chronic inflammation.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Suresh |first1=Abhilash |last2=Martens |first2=Pieter |last3=Tang |first3=W. H. Wilson |date=October 2022 |title=Biomarkers for Myocarditis and Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy |journal=Current Heart Failure Reports |language=en |volume=19 |issue=5 |pages=346–355 |doi=10.1007/s11897-022-00569-8 |pmid=35913661 |issn=1546-9530|pmc=9340754 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Tschöpe |first1=Carsten |last2=Ammirati |first2=Enrico |last3=Bozkurt |first3=Biykem |last4=Caforio |first4=Alida L. P. |last5=Cooper |first5=Leslie T. |last6=Felix |first6=Stephan B. |last7=Hare |first7=Joshua M. |last8=Heidecker |first8=Bettina |last9=Heymans |first9=Stephane |last10=Hübner |first10=Norbert |last11=Kelle |first11=Sebastian |last12=Klingel |first12=Karin |last13=Maatz |first13=Henrike |last14=Parwani |first14=Abdul S. |last15=Spillmann |first15=Frank |date=March 2021 |title=Myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy: current evidence and future directions |journal=Nature Reviews Cardiology |language=en |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=169–193 |doi=10.1038/s41569-020-00435-x |pmid=33046850 |issn=1759-5002|pmc=7548534 }}</ref> Symptoms fi include shortness of breath, chest pain, decreased ability to exercise, den an irregular heartbeat.<ref name="NEJM2009">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Cooper LT |date=April 2009 |title=Myocarditis |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2009-04-09_360_15/page/1526 |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=360 |issue=15 |pages=1526–1538 |doi=10.1056/nejmra0800028 |pmc=5814110 |pmid=19357408}}</ref> De duration of problems fi vary from hours to months. Complications fi include heart failure, secof [[dilated cardiomyopathy]] anaa [[cardiac arrest]].<ref name="NEJM2009" /> Myocarditis most often be secof a viral infection.<ref name="NEJM2009" /> Oda causes dey include bacterial infections, certain medications, toxins den autoimmune disorders.<ref name="NEJM2009" /><ref name="Kin20122">{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Kindermann I, Barth C, Mahfoud F, Ukena C, Lenski M, Yilmaz A, Klingel K, Kandolf R, Sechtem U, Cooper LT, Böhm M |date=February 2012 |title=Update on myocarditis |journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology |volume=59 |issue=9 |pages=779–792 |doi=10.1016/j.jacc.2011.09.074 |pmid=22361396 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A diagnosis fi be supported by an electrocardiogram (ECG), increased troponin, heart MRI, den occasionally a heart biopsy.<ref name="NEJM2009" /><ref name="Kin20122" /> An ultrasound of de heart be important to rule out oda potential causes, such as heart valve problems.<ref name="Kin20122" /> Treatment dey depend on both de severity den de cause.<ref name="NEJM2009" /><ref name="Kin20122" /> Dem often dey use medications such as ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, den diuretics.<ref name="NEJM2009" /><ref name="Kin20122" /> A period of no exercise typically be recommended during recovery.<ref name="NEJM2009" /><ref name="Kin20122" /> Corticosteroids anaa intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) fi be useful insyd certain cases.<ref name="NEJM2009" /><ref name="Kin20122" /> Insyd severe cases, an implantable cardiac defibrillator anaa heart transplant fi be recommended.<ref name="NEJM2009" /><ref name="Kin20122" /> Insyd 2013, na about 1.5 million cases of acute myocarditis occur.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Vos T, Barber RM, Bell B, Bertozzi-Villa A, Biryukov S, Bolliger I, etal |date=August 2015 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_august-22-28-2015_386_9995/page/743 |journal=Lancet |volume=386 |issue=9995 |pages=743–800 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4 |pmc=4561509 |pmid=26063472 |collaboration=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators}}</ref> While people of all ages be affected, de young most often be affected.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Vos T, Barber RM, Bell B, Bertozzi-Villa A, Biryukov S, Bolliger I, etal |date=August 2015 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_august-22-28-2015_386_9995/page/743 |journal=Lancet |volume=386 |issue=9995 |pages=743–800 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4 |pmc=4561509 |pmid=26063472 |collaboration=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators}}</ref> E be slightly more common insyd males dan females.<ref name="NEJM2009" /> Chaw cases be mild.<ref name="Kin20122" /> Insyd 2015, na cardiomyopathy, wey dey include myocarditis, result insyd 354,000 deaths, up from 294,000 insyd 1990.<ref name="GDB2013">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal |date=January 2015 |title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_january-10-16-2015_385_9963/page/117 |journal=Lancet |volume=385 |issue=9963 |pages=117–171 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2 |pmc=4340604 |pmid=25530442 |collaboration=GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wang |first=H |last2=Naghavi |first2=M |last3=Allen |first3=C |last4=Barber |first4=RM |last5=Bhutta |first5=ZA |last6=Carter |first6=A |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27733281 |journal=Lancet (London, England) |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1459–1544 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1 |issn=1474-547X |pmc=5388903 |pmid=27733281}}</ref> De initial descriptions of de condition be from de mid-1800s.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xlQ1hqp9ngwC&pg=PA263 |title=Infectious Diseases in Critical Care Medicine |vauthors=Cunha BA |date=2009 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-4200-1960-5 |page=263 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171105195029/https://books.google.com/books?id=xlQ1hqp9ngwC&pg=PA263 |archive-date=2017-11-05 |url-status=live}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{commons}} * {{EMedicine|article|759212|Myocarditis}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Chronic rheumatic heart diseases]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Heart diseases]] [[Category:Inflammations]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] nkfzgmm3me4d1v5d7ra96p4noetxag5 0 23240 112569 110699 2026-09-25T02:57:13Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112569 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Toxoplasmosis''' be a parasitic disease wey ''Toxoplasma gondii'', an apicomplexan dey cause.<ref name=CDC2015Epi>{{cite web|title=Parasites – Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma infection) Epidemiology & Risk Factors|url=https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/epi.html|access-date=22 August 2015|date=March 26, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150823023754/http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/epi.html|archive-date=23 August 2015}}</ref> Infections plus toxoplasmosis be associated plus a variety of neuropsychiatric den behavioral conditions.<ref name="MilneEtAl2020">{{cite journal |vauthors=Milne G, Webster JP, Walker M |date=December 2020 |title=Toxoplasma gondii: An Underestimated Threat? |journal=Trends in Parasitology |volume=36 |issue=12 |pages=959–969 |doi=10.1016/j.pt.2020.08.005 |pmid=33012669 |quote=Accumulating evidence suggests that latent infection of Toxoplasma gondii is associated with a variety of neuropsychiatric and behavioral conditions. |doi-access=free}}</ref> Occasionally, people fi get a few weeks anaa months of mild, flu-like illness such as muscle aches den tender lymph nodes.<ref name="CDC2015Sym2" /> Insyd a small number of people, eye problems fi develop.<ref name="CDC2015Sym2">{{cite web |date=July 10, 2014 |title=Parasites – Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma infection) Disease |url=https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/disease.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150822052351/http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/disease.html |archive-date=22 August 2015 |access-date=22 August 2015}}</ref> Insyd those plus a weakened immune system, severe symptoms such as seizures den poor coordination fi occur.<ref name="CDC2015Sym2" /> If a woman cam be infected during [[pregnancy]], a condition dem know as '''congenital toxoplasmosis''' fi affect de kiddie.<ref name="CDC2015Sym2" /> Toxoplasmosis usually be spread by eating poorly cooked food wey dey contain cysts, by exposure to infected cat feces, anaa from an infected woman to ein baby during pregnancy.<ref name="CDC2015Epi" /> Rarely, de disease fi be spread by blood transfusion anaa oda organ transplant.<ref name="CDC2015Epi" /> E be thought to no otherwise spread between people,<ref name="CDC2015Epi" /> buh broader transmissibility dey remain a matter of scientific debate. Na studies report de presence of ''T. gondii'' insyd human semen wey na dem propose sexual transmission as a possible route, though na dis no be established as a primary mode of spread.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Flegr |first1=Jaroslav |date=2014 |title=Toxoplasmosis can be a sexually transmitted infection with serious clinical consequences. Not all routes of infection are created equal |journal=Medical Hypotheses |volume=83 |issue=3 |pages=286–289 |doi=10.1016/j.mehy.2014.05.019 |pmid=24986706}}</ref> De parasite be known per to reproduce sexually insyd de cat family.<ref name="CDC2015Bio">{{cite web |date=March 17, 2015 |title=Parasites – Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma infection) Biology |url=https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/biology.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150828061023/http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/biology.html |archive-date=28 August 2015 |access-date=22 August 2015}}</ref> E fi infect chaw types of warm-blooded animals, wey dey include humans.<ref name="CDC2015Bio" /> Diagnosis typically be by testing blood for antibodies anaa by testing de amniotic fluid insyd a pregnant patient for de parasite ein DNA.<ref name="CDC2013Diag">{{cite web |date=January 10, 2013 |title=Parasites – Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma infection) Diagnosis |url=https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/diagnosis.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150822100916/http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/diagnosis.html |archive-date=22 August 2015 |access-date=22 August 2015}}</ref> Prevention be by properly preparing den cooking chow.<ref name="CDC2015Pre">{{cite web |date=January 10, 2013 |title=Parasites – Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma infection) Prevention & Control |url=https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/prevent.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150822103220/http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/prevent.html |archive-date=22 August 2015 |access-date=22 August 2015}}</ref> Dem sanso dey recommend pregnant women make dem no clean cat litter boxes anaa, if dem must, make dem wear gloves den wash dema hands afterwards.<ref name="CDC2015Pre" /> Treatment of otherwise healthy people usually no dey hia.<ref name="CDC2014Tx">{{cite web |date=April 14, 2014 |title=Parasites – Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma infection) Resources for Health Professionals |url=https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/health_professionals/index.html#tx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913010353/http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/health_professionals/index.html#tx |archive-date=13 September 2015 |access-date=22 August 2015}}</ref> During pregnancy, spiramycin anaa pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine den folinic acid fi be used for treatment.<ref name="CDC2014Tx" /> Up to half of de world ein population be infected by ''T.&nbsp;gondii'', buh dem get no symptoms.<ref name="Global threat">{{cite journal |vauthors=Flegr J, Prandota J, Sovičková M, Israili ZH |date=March 2014 |title=Toxoplasmosis—a global threat. Correlation of latent toxoplasmosis with specific disease burden in a set of 88 countries |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=9 |issue=3 |bibcode=2014PLoSO...990203F |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0090203 |pmc=3963851 |pmid=24662942 |quote=Toxoplasmosis is becoming a global health hazard as it infects 30–50% of the world human population. |doi-access=free |article-number=e90203}}</ref> Insyd de United States, na approximately 11% of people be infected, while insyd sam areas of de world dis be more dan 60%.<ref name="CDC2015Epi" /> Approximately na 200,000 cases of congenital toxoplasmosis occur a year.<ref name="TorgersonMastroiacovo2013">{{cite journal |last1=Torgerson |first1=Paul R |last2=Mastroiacovo |first2=Pierpaolo |year=2013 |title=The global burden of congenital toxoplasmosis: a systematic review |journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization |volume=91 |issue=7 |pages=501–508 |doi=10.2471/BLT.12.111732 |pmc=3699792 |pmid=23825877}}</ref> Na Charles Nicolle den Louis Manceaux first describe de organism insyd 1908.<ref name="Ferguson_20092">{{cite journal |author=Ferguson DJ |year=2009 |title=''Toxoplasma gondii'': 1908–2008, homage to Nicolle, Manceaux and Splendore |journal=Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |volume=104 |issue=2 |pages=133–48 |doi=10.1590/S0074-02762009000200003 |hdl=1807/57623 |pmid=19430635 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Insyd 1941, na dem confirm transmission during pregnancy from a pregnant woman to ein baby.<ref name="Ferguson_20092" /> Der be tentative evidence say otherwise asymptomatic infection fi affect people dema behavior.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Tyebji |first1=S |last2=Seizova |first2=S |last3=Hannan |first3=AJ |last4=Tonkin |first4=CJ |date=January 2019 |title=Toxoplasmosis: A pathway to neuropsychiatric disorders. |journal=Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews |volume=96 |pages=72–92 |doi=10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.11.012 |pmid=30476506 |s2cid=53726244}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==Bibliography== * {{cite book |doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-369542-0.X5000-4 |date=2007 |isbn=978-0-12-369542-0 |title=Toxoplasma gondii: The Model Apicomplexan: Perspectives and Methods |url=https://archive.org/details/toxoplasmagondii0000unse |publisher=Elsevier |editor1-first=Louis M. |editor1-last=Weiss |editor2-first=Kami |editor2-last=Kim }} * {{cite book |first=J. P. |last=Dubey |title=Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Humans |edition=2nd |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5Nm7t5p9APAC |date=2016 |publisher=[[CRC Press]] |isbn=978-1-4200-9237-0 | oclc=423572366 | pages=xvii+313 | publication-place=[[Boca Raton]]}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Dubey JP, Lindsay DS, Speer CA | title = Structures of ''Toxoplasma gondii'' tachyzoites, bradyzoites, and sporozoites and biology and development of tissue cysts |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-microbiology-reviews_1998-04_11_2/page/267 | journal = Clinical Microbiology Reviews | volume = 11 | issue = 2 | pages = 267–299 | date = April 1998 | pmid = 9564564 | pmc = 106833 | doi = 10.1128/CMR.11.2.267 }} * {{cite book|author1=Jaroslav Flegr|title=Pozor, Toxo!|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170721113714/http://academia.cz/pozor-toxo.html|date=2011|publisher=Academia, Prague, Czech Republic|isbn=978-80-200-2022-2|access-date=2014-10-04|archive-date=2017-07-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170721113714/http://academia.cz/pozor-toxo.html}} == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130125121449/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/01/220113-sneaky-cat-parasite-takes-over-human-brains-science/ How a cat-borne parasite infects humans] (National Geographic) * [https://www.gov.uk/guidance/toxoplasmosis Toxoplasmosis] at Health Protection Agency (HPA), United Kingdom * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130113220407/http://rad.usuhs.edu/medpix/medpix.html?mode=image_finder&action=search&srchstr=toxoplasmosis#top Pictures of Toxoplasmosis] Medical Image Database * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3x3TMdkGdQ Video-Interview] with Professor Robert Sapolsky on Toxoplasmosis and its effect on human behavior (24:27 min) * {{cite web | url = https://medlineplus.gov/toxoplasmosis.html | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine | work = MedlinePlus | title = Toxoplasmosis }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Biology of bipolar disorder]] [[Category:Biology of obsessive–compulsive disorder]] [[Category:Cat diseases]] [[Category:Conoidasida]] [[Category:Disorders wey dey cause seizures]] [[Category:Health issues insyd pregnancy]] [[Category:Medical triads]] [[Category:Mind-altering parasites]] [[Category:Parasitic infestations, stings, den bites of de skin]] [[Category:Poultry diseases]] [[Category:Protozoal diseases]] [[Category:Zoonoses]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ig943npxgpkoysj7lqvfkvfk8wsvor4 0 23276 112397 110668 2026-09-24T18:51:46Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112397 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Social anxiety''' be de anxiety den fear dem specifically link to being insyd social settings (i.e., interacting plus odas).<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Schneier |first1=Franklin R |last2=Blanco |first2=Carlos |last3=Antia |first3=Smita X |last4=Liebowitz |first4=Michael R |year=2002 |title=The social anxiety spectrum |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychiatric-clinics-of-north-america_2002-12_25_4/page/757 |journal=Psychiatric Clinics of North America |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=757–774 |doi=10.1016/s0193-953x(02)00018-7 |pmid=12462859}}</ref> Sam categories of disorders dem associate plus social anxiety dey include [[Anxiety disorder|anxiety disorders]], [[Mood disorder|mood disorders]], autism spectrum disorders, eating disorders, den substance use disorders.<ref name=":1" /> Individuals plus higher levels of social anxiety often avert dema gazes, show fewer facial expressions, den show difficulty plus initiating den maintaining a conversation.<ref name=":1" /> Social anxiety commonly dey manifest einself insyd de teenage years wey fi be persistent thru out life; however, people wey experience problems insyd dema daily functioning for an extended period of time fi develop social anxiety disorder. Trait social anxiety, de stable tendency to experience dis anxiety, fi be distinguished from state anxiety, de momentary response to a particular social stimulus.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI)|last=Spielberger|first=C.D.|publisher=Consulting Psychologists Press|year=1983|location=Palo Alto}}</ref> Half of de individuals plus any social fears dey meet de criteria for social anxiety disorder.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ruscio|first1=A. M.|last2=Brown|first2=T. A.|last3=Chiu|first3=W. T.|last4=Sareen|first4=J.|last5=Stein|first5=M. B.|last6=Kessler|first6=R. C.|date=2008-01-01|title=Social fears and social phobia in the USA: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychological-medicine_2008-01_38_1/page/n16|journal=Psychological Medicine|volume=38|issue=1|pages=15–28|doi=10.1017/S0033291707001699|issn=1469-8978|pmc=2262178|pmid=17976249}}</ref> Age, culture, den gender dey impact de severity of dis disorder.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Hofmann|first1=Stefan G.|last2=Asnaani|first2=Anu|last3=Hinton|first3=Devon E.|date=2010|title=Cultural Aspects in Social Anxiety and Social Anxiety Disorder|journal=Depression and Anxiety|language=en|volume=27|issue=12|pages=1117–27|doi=10.1002/da.20759|pmid=21132847|pmc=3075954}}</ref> De function of social anxiety be to increase arousal den attention to social interactions, inhibit unwanted social behavior, den motivate preparation for future social situations.<ref name=":1" /> == References == <references /> {{DEFAULTSORT:Social Anxiety}} [[Category:Anxiety disorders]] fj40j1yf7wawwe018q5sot7nlvh6fmf 0 23277 112362 110845 2026-09-24T17:51:07Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112362 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Social anxiety disorder''' ('''SAD'''), dem sanso know as '''social phobia''', be an [[anxiety disorder]] wey be characterized by sentiments of fear den anxiety insyd social situations, wey dey cause considerable distress den impairing ability to function insyd at least sam aspects of daily life.<ref name=NICE2025>{{cite web|publisher=National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence|title=Social Anxiety Disorder: Recognition, Assessment, and Treatment|url=https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg159/ifp/chapter/Social-anxiety-disorder|date=2025|access-date=12 March 2025}}</ref><ref name="rose">{{cite web |author1=Rose GM, Tadi P |title=Social Anxiety Disorder |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555890/ |publisher=StatPearls, US National Library of Medicine |access-date=13 March 2025 |date=25 October 2022 |pmid=32310350 }}</ref><ref name="nimh">{{cite web |title=Social Anxiety Disorder: More Than Just Shyness |url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/social-anxiety-disorder-more-than-just-shyness |publisher=National Institute of Mental Health, US National Institutes of Health |access-date=13 March 2025 |date=2022}}</ref> Dese fears fi be triggered by perceived anaa actual scrutiny from odas. Individuals plus social anxiety disorder dey fear negative evaluations from oda people. Physical symptoms often dey include excessive blushing, excessive sweating, trembling, palpitations, rapid heartbeat, muscle tension, shortness of breath, den nausea.<ref name="mayo">{{cite web |date=19 June 2021 |title=Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/social-anxiety-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20353561 |access-date=5 March 2025 |publisher=Mayo Clinic}}</ref> Panic attacks sanso fi occur under intense fear den discomfort. Sam affected individuals fi use alcohol anaa oda [[Psychoactive drug|drugs]] to reduce fears den inhibitions at social events. E be common for those plus social phobia to self-medicate insyd dis fashion, especially if dem be undiagnosed, untreated, anaa both; dis fi lead to alcohol use disorder, eating disorders, anaa oda kinds of substance use disorders. According to ICD-10 guidelines, de main diagnostic criteria of social phobia be fear of being de focus of attention, anaa fear of behaving in a way wey go be embarrassing anaa humiliating, avoidance den anxiety symptoms.<ref name=who.int>Social Phobia (F40.1) in ICD-10: [https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/GRNBOOK.pdf#110 Diagnostic Criteria] and [https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/bluebook.pdf#113 Clinical descriptions and guidelines.] </ref> Standardized rating scales fi be used to screen for social anxiety disorder den measure de severity of anxiety. [[File:20220801 Introversion - Shyness - Social anxiety disorder - comparative chart.svg|thumb|upright=1.6|Social anxiety disorder be distinct from de personality traits of introversion den shyness.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Peterson|first1=Ashley L.|title=Introversion, Shyness & Social Anxiety: What's the Difference?|url=https://mentalhealthathome.org/2019/04/11/introversion-shyness-anxiety/|website=Mental Health at Home|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801053921/https://mentalhealthathome.org/2019/04/11/introversion-shyness-anxiety/|archive-date=August 1, 2022|date=April 11, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Brown|first1=Alexander|title=Social Anxiety? Introvert? Or Shy?|url=https://themindsjournal.com/social-anxiety-introvert-or-shy/|website=Mind Journal|date=13 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801054324/https://themindsjournal.com/social-anxiety-introvert-or-shy/|archive-date=August 1, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref>]] De first line of treatment for social anxiety disorder be cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).<ref name=NICE2025/><ref name=rose/><ref name=Pilling2013>{{cite journal|last=Pilling|first=S|author2=Mayo-Wilson, E|author3=Mavranezouli, I|author4=Kew, K|author5=Taylor, C|author6=Clark, DM|author7=Guideline Development, Group|title=Recognition, assessment and treatment of social anxiety disorder: summary of NICE guidance.|journal=BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)|date=May 22, 2013|volume=346|article-number=f2541|pmid=23697669|doi=10.1136/bmj.f2541|s2cid=13776769|url=http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/40688/1/Recognition%2C%20assessment%20and%20treatment%20of%20social%20anxiety%20disorder%20summary%20of%20NICE%20guidance.pdf}}</ref> CBT be effective in treating dis disorder, whether delivered individually anaa insyd a group setting.<ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.4088/JCP.v69n0415|last1=Hofmann|first1=S. G.|last2=Smits|first2=J. A.|title=Cognitive-behavioral therapy for adult anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychiatry_2008-04_69_4/page/n150|journal=The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry|volume=69|issue=4|pages=621–632|year=2008|pmid=18363421|pmc=2409267}}</ref> De cognitive den behavioral components seek to change thought patterns den physical reactions to anxiety-inducing situations. Na de attention dem give to social anxiety disorder significantly increase since 1999 plus de approval den marketing of drugs for ein treatment. Na approved medications include chaw selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) den venlafaxine, a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI).<ref name=:0>{{Cite journal|last1=Blanco|first1=C.|last2=Bragdon|first2=L. B.|last3=Schneier|first3=F. R.|last4=Liebowitz|first4=M. R.|title=The evidence-based pharmacotherapy of social anxiety disorder|doi=10.1017/S1461145712000119|journal=The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology|volume=16|issue=1|pages=235–249|year=2012|pmid=22436306|doi-access=free}}</ref> Na dem use propranolol, a beta blocker, for performance anxiety. Medications such as SSRIs be effective for social phobia, especially paroxetine.<ref name=rose/><ref name="Liebowitz 235–249">{{Cite journal|last1=Liebowitz|first1=Michael R.|last2=Schneier|first2=Franklin R.|last3=Bragdon|first3=Laura B.|last4=Blanco|first4=Carlos|date=2013-02-01|title=The evidence-based pharmacotherapy of social anxiety disorder|journal=International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology|volume=16|issue=1|pages=235–249|doi=10.1017/S1461145712000119|pmid=22436306|issn=1461-1457|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":32">{{Cite journal |last=Williams |first=Taryn |last2=McCaul |first2=Michael |last3=Schwarzer |first3=Guido |last4=Cipriani |first4=Andrea |last5=Stein |first5=Dan J. |last6=Ipser |first6=Jonathan |date=2020 |title=Pharmacological treatments for social anxiety disorder in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/acta-neuropsychiatrica/article/abs/pharmacological-treatments-for-social-anxiety-disorder-in-adults-a-systematic-review-and-network-metaanalysis/38FA011F8B7B205A8714F57528DF59A4 |journal=Acta Neuropsychiatrica |language=en |volume=32 |issue=4 |pages=169–176 |doi=10.1017/neu.2020.6 |issn=0924-2708}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==Read further == *{{cite journal |last1=Belzer|first1= K. D.|last2=McKee |first2=M. B.|last3=Liebowitz |first3=M. R.|year=2005|title=Social Anxiety Disorder: Current Perspectives on Diagnosis and Treatment|url=http://www.primarypsychiatry.com/aspx/articledetail.aspx?articleid=247|journal=Primary Psychiatry|volume=12|issue=11|pages=40–53|access-date=2006-06-21|archive-date=2012-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512115815/http://www.primarypsychiatry.com/aspx/articledetail.aspx?articleid=247}} *{{cite book |last1=Beidel |first1=Deborah C.|author-link=Deborah Beidel |last2=Turner |first2=Samuel M. |title=Shy children, phobic adults: Nature and treatment of social anxiety disorders |url=https://archive.org/details/shychildrenphobi0000beid_d2l6 |date=2007 |publisher=American Psychological Association |isbn=978-1-59147-452-4 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/shychildrenphobi0000beid_d2l6/page/11 11]–46 |edition=2nd |language=en |chapter=Clinical Presentation of Social Anxiety Disorder in Adults.|doi=10.1037/11533-001}} *{{cite book |last1=Berent |first1=Jonathan |last2=Lemley |first2=Amy |title=Beyond shyness: how to conquer social anxieties |url=https://archive.org/details/beyondshynesshow00bere |date=1993 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |location=New York, NY |isbn=0-671-74137-3 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Boyle |first1=Louise E. |title=The (un)habitual geographies of Social Anxiety Disorder |journal=Social Science & Medicine |date=2018 |volume=231 |pages=31–37 |doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.03.002 |pmid=29525271 |s2cid=1509802 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277953618300959 |language=en |issn=0277-9536|url-access=subscription }} *{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/0272-7358(89)90045-7|last1=Bruch |first1=M. A.|year=1989|title=Familial and developmental antecedents of social phobia: Issues and findings|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-psychology-review_1989_9_1/page/37|journal=Clinical Psychology Review|volume=9|pages=37–47 |issn=0272-7358}} *[[David D. Burns|Burns, D. D.]] (1999). ''Feeling Good: the new mood therapy'' (Rev. ed.). New York: Avon. {{ISBN|0-380-81033-6}}. *Crozier, W. R., & Alden, L. E. (2001). ''International Handbook of Social Anxiety: Concepts, Research, and Interventions Relating to the Self and Shyness''. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. {{ISBN|0-471-49129-2}}. * {{cite journal |last1=Guan |first1=Yongxin |title=Social Anxiety Disorder: A General Overview |journal=SHS Web of Conferences |date=2024 |volume=193 |page=03013 |doi=10.1051/shsconf/202419303013 |doi-access=free}} *Hales, R. E., & Yudofsky, S. C. (Eds.). (2003). Social phobia. In ''Textbook of Clinical Psychiatry'' (4th ed., pp.&nbsp;572–580). Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Publishing. *{{cite journal|author1=Marteinsdottir I.|author2=Svensson A.|author3=Svedberg M.|author4=Anderberg U.|author5=von Knorring L.|year=2007|title=The role of life events in social phobia|journal=Nordic Journal of Psychiatry|volume=61|issue=3|pages=207–212|doi=10.1080/08039480701352546|pmid=17523033|s2cid=11620169|issn=0803-9488}} *{{cite journal |last1=Spence |first1=Susan H. |last2=Rapee |first2=Ronald M. |title=The etiology of social anxiety disorder: An evidence-based model |journal=[[Behaviour Research and Therapy]] |date=2016 |volume=86 |pages=50–67 |doi=10.1016/j.brat.2016.06.007|pmid=27406470 }} == External links == <!-- *********************** ({{No More Links}}) *************************** * Please be cautious in adding more links to this article. Wikipedia * * is not a collection of links nor should it be used for advertising. * * * * Excessive or inappropriate links Will-Be-Deleted. * * See [[Wikipedia:External links]] & [[Wikipedia:Spam]] for details. * * * * If there are already plentiful links, please propose additions or * * replacements on this article's discussion page, or submit your link * * to the relevant category at the Open Directory Project (dmoz.org) * * and link back to that category using the {{dmoz}} template. * *********************** ({{No More Links}}) *************************** --> {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected=neurotic}} {{Digital media use and mental health}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Anxiety disorders]] [[Category:Anxiety anaa fear-related disorders]] [[Category:Phobias]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] sep671jpqr4m9rz59jwov6rmgw9t03m 112558 112362 2026-09-25T02:50:12Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112558 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Social anxiety disorder''' ('''SAD'''), dem sanso know as '''social phobia''', be an [[anxiety disorder]] wey be characterized by sentiments of fear den anxiety insyd social situations, wey dey cause considerable distress den impairing ability to function insyd at least sam aspects of daily life.<ref name=NICE2025>{{cite web|publisher=National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence|title=Social Anxiety Disorder: Recognition, Assessment, and Treatment|url=https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg159/ifp/chapter/Social-anxiety-disorder|date=2025|access-date=12 March 2025}}</ref><ref name="rose">{{cite web |author1=Rose GM, Tadi P |title=Social Anxiety Disorder |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555890/ |publisher=StatPearls, US National Library of Medicine |access-date=13 March 2025 |date=25 October 2022 |pmid=32310350 }}</ref><ref name="nimh">{{cite web |title=Social Anxiety Disorder: More Than Just Shyness |url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/social-anxiety-disorder-more-than-just-shyness |publisher=National Institute of Mental Health, US National Institutes of Health |access-date=13 March 2025 |date=2022}}</ref> Dese fears fi be triggered by perceived anaa actual scrutiny from odas. Individuals plus social anxiety disorder dey fear negative evaluations from oda people. Physical symptoms often dey include excessive blushing, excessive sweating, trembling, palpitations, rapid heartbeat, muscle tension, shortness of breath, den nausea.<ref name="mayo">{{cite web |date=19 June 2021 |title=Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/social-anxiety-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20353561 |access-date=5 March 2025 |publisher=Mayo Clinic}}</ref> Panic attacks sanso fi occur under intense fear den discomfort. Sam affected individuals fi use alcohol anaa oda [[Psychoactive drug|drugs]] to reduce fears den inhibitions at social events. E be common for those plus social phobia to self-medicate insyd dis fashion, especially if dem be undiagnosed, untreated, anaa both; dis fi lead to alcohol use disorder, eating disorders, anaa oda kinds of substance use disorders. According to ICD-10 guidelines, de main diagnostic criteria of social phobia be fear of being de focus of attention, anaa fear of behaving in a way wey go be embarrassing anaa humiliating, avoidance den anxiety symptoms.<ref name=who.int>Social Phobia (F40.1) in ICD-10: [https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/GRNBOOK.pdf#110 Diagnostic Criteria] and [https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/bluebook.pdf#113 Clinical descriptions and guidelines.] </ref> Standardized rating scales fi be used to screen for social anxiety disorder den measure de severity of anxiety. [[File:20220801 Introversion - Shyness - Social anxiety disorder - comparative chart.svg|thumb|upright=1.6|Social anxiety disorder be distinct from de personality traits of introversion den shyness.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Peterson|first1=Ashley L.|title=Introversion, Shyness & Social Anxiety: What's the Difference?|url=https://mentalhealthathome.org/2019/04/11/introversion-shyness-anxiety/|website=Mental Health at Home|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801053921/https://mentalhealthathome.org/2019/04/11/introversion-shyness-anxiety/|archive-date=August 1, 2022|date=April 11, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Brown|first1=Alexander|title=Social Anxiety? Introvert? Or Shy?|url=https://themindsjournal.com/social-anxiety-introvert-or-shy/|website=Mind Journal|date=13 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801054324/https://themindsjournal.com/social-anxiety-introvert-or-shy/|archive-date=August 1, 2022|url-status=live}}</ref>]] De first line of treatment for social anxiety disorder be cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).<ref name=NICE2025/><ref name=rose/><ref name=Pilling2013>{{cite journal|last=Pilling|first=S|author2=Mayo-Wilson, E|author3=Mavranezouli, I|author4=Kew, K|author5=Taylor, C|author6=Clark, DM|author7=Guideline Development, Group|title=Recognition, assessment and treatment of social anxiety disorder: summary of NICE guidance.|journal=BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)|date=May 22, 2013|volume=346|article-number=f2541|pmid=23697669|doi=10.1136/bmj.f2541|s2cid=13776769|url=http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/40688/1/Recognition%2C%20assessment%20and%20treatment%20of%20social%20anxiety%20disorder%20summary%20of%20NICE%20guidance.pdf}}</ref> CBT be effective in treating dis disorder, whether delivered individually anaa insyd a group setting.<ref>{{Cite journal|doi=10.4088/JCP.v69n0415|last1=Hofmann|first1=S. G.|last2=Smits|first2=J. A.|title=Cognitive-behavioral therapy for adult anxiety disorders: A meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-psychiatry_2008-04_69_4/page/n150|journal=The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry|volume=69|issue=4|pages=621–632|year=2008|pmid=18363421|pmc=2409267}}</ref> De cognitive den behavioral components seek to change thought patterns den physical reactions to anxiety-inducing situations. Na de attention dem give to social anxiety disorder significantly increase since 1999 plus de approval den marketing of drugs for ein treatment. Na approved medications include chaw selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) den venlafaxine, a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI).<ref name=:0>{{Cite journal|last1=Blanco|first1=C.|last2=Bragdon|first2=L. B.|last3=Schneier|first3=F. R.|last4=Liebowitz|first4=M. R.|title=The evidence-based pharmacotherapy of social anxiety disorder|doi=10.1017/S1461145712000119|journal=The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology|volume=16|issue=1|pages=235–249|year=2012|pmid=22436306|doi-access=free}}</ref> Na dem use propranolol, a beta blocker, for performance anxiety. Medications such as SSRIs be effective for social phobia, especially paroxetine.<ref name=rose/><ref name="Liebowitz 235–249">{{Cite journal|last1=Liebowitz|first1=Michael R.|last2=Schneier|first2=Franklin R.|last3=Bragdon|first3=Laura B.|last4=Blanco|first4=Carlos|date=2013-02-01|title=The evidence-based pharmacotherapy of social anxiety disorder|journal=International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology|volume=16|issue=1|pages=235–249|doi=10.1017/S1461145712000119|pmid=22436306|issn=1461-1457|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":32">{{Cite journal |last=Williams |first=Taryn |last2=McCaul |first2=Michael |last3=Schwarzer |first3=Guido |last4=Cipriani |first4=Andrea |last5=Stein |first5=Dan J. |last6=Ipser |first6=Jonathan |date=2020 |title=Pharmacological treatments for social anxiety disorder in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/acta-neuropsychiatrica/article/abs/pharmacological-treatments-for-social-anxiety-disorder-in-adults-a-systematic-review-and-network-metaanalysis/38FA011F8B7B205A8714F57528DF59A4 |journal=Acta Neuropsychiatrica |language=en |volume=32 |issue=4 |pages=169–176 |doi=10.1017/neu.2020.6 |issn=0924-2708}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==Read further == *{{cite journal|last1=Belzer|first1=K. D.|last2=McKee|first2=M. B.|last3=Liebowitz|first3=M. R.|year=2005|title=Social Anxiety Disorder: Current Perspectives on Diagnosis and Treatment|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512115815/http://www.primarypsychiatry.com/aspx/articledetail.aspx?articleid=247|journal=Primary Psychiatry|volume=12|issue=11|pages=40–53|access-date=2006-06-21|archive-date=2012-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512115815/https://web.archive.org/web/20120512115815/http://www.primarypsychiatry.com/aspx/articledetail.aspx?articleid=247}} *{{cite book |last1=Beidel |first1=Deborah C.|author-link=Deborah Beidel |last2=Turner |first2=Samuel M. |title=Shy children, phobic adults: Nature and treatment of social anxiety disorders |url=https://archive.org/details/shychildrenphobi0000beid_d2l6 |date=2007 |publisher=American Psychological Association |isbn=978-1-59147-452-4 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/shychildrenphobi0000beid_d2l6/page/11 11]–46 |edition=2nd |language=en |chapter=Clinical Presentation of Social Anxiety Disorder in Adults.|doi=10.1037/11533-001}} *{{cite book |last1=Berent |first1=Jonathan |last2=Lemley |first2=Amy |title=Beyond shyness: how to conquer social anxieties |url=https://archive.org/details/beyondshynesshow00bere |date=1993 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |location=New York, NY |isbn=0-671-74137-3 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Boyle |first1=Louise E. |title=The (un)habitual geographies of Social Anxiety Disorder |journal=Social Science & Medicine |date=2018 |volume=231 |pages=31–37 |doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.03.002 |pmid=29525271 |s2cid=1509802 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277953618300959 |language=en |issn=0277-9536|url-access=subscription }} *{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/0272-7358(89)90045-7|last1=Bruch |first1=M. A.|year=1989|title=Familial and developmental antecedents of social phobia: Issues and findings|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-psychology-review_1989_9_1/page/37|journal=Clinical Psychology Review|volume=9|pages=37–47 |issn=0272-7358}} *[[David D. Burns|Burns, D. D.]] (1999). ''Feeling Good: the new mood therapy'' (Rev. ed.). New York: Avon. {{ISBN|0-380-81033-6}}. *Crozier, W. R., & Alden, L. E. (2001). ''International Handbook of Social Anxiety: Concepts, Research, and Interventions Relating to the Self and Shyness''. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. {{ISBN|0-471-49129-2}}. * {{cite journal |last1=Guan |first1=Yongxin |title=Social Anxiety Disorder: A General Overview |journal=SHS Web of Conferences |date=2024 |volume=193 |page=03013 |doi=10.1051/shsconf/202419303013 |doi-access=free}} *Hales, R. E., & Yudofsky, S. C. (Eds.). (2003). Social phobia. In ''Textbook of Clinical Psychiatry'' (4th ed., pp.&nbsp;572–580). Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Publishing. *{{cite journal|author1=Marteinsdottir I.|author2=Svensson A.|author3=Svedberg M.|author4=Anderberg U.|author5=von Knorring L.|year=2007|title=The role of life events in social phobia|journal=Nordic Journal of Psychiatry|volume=61|issue=3|pages=207–212|doi=10.1080/08039480701352546|pmid=17523033|s2cid=11620169|issn=0803-9488}} *{{cite journal |last1=Spence |first1=Susan H. |last2=Rapee |first2=Ronald M. |title=The etiology of social anxiety disorder: An evidence-based model |journal=[[Behaviour Research and Therapy]] |date=2016 |volume=86 |pages=50–67 |doi=10.1016/j.brat.2016.06.007|pmid=27406470 }} == External links == <!-- *********************** ({{No More Links}}) *************************** * Please be cautious in adding more links to this article. Wikipedia * * is not a collection of links nor should it be used for advertising. * * * * Excessive or inappropriate links Will-Be-Deleted. * * See [[Wikipedia:External links]] & [[Wikipedia:Spam]] for details. * * * * If there are already plentiful links, please propose additions or * * replacements on this article's discussion page, or submit your link * * to the relevant category at the Open Directory Project (dmoz.org) * * and link back to that category using the {{dmoz}} template. * *********************** ({{No More Links}}) *************************** --> {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected=neurotic}} {{Digital media use and mental health}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Anxiety disorders]] [[Category:Anxiety anaa fear-related disorders]] [[Category:Phobias]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] qfewlhoq96jtsc8tim7x9wllnkinz0w 0 23278 112359 110739 2026-09-24T17:46:03Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112359 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hepatitis C''' be an infectious disease wey be caused by de hepatitis C virus (HCV) wey primarily dey affect de liver;<ref name=Sherris2004>{{cite book | title = Sherris Medical Microbiology | url = https://archive.org/details/sherrismedicalmi00ryan | url-access = limited | edition = 4th | publisher = McGraw Hill | year = 2004 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/sherrismedicalmi00ryan/page/n568 551]–552 | isbn = 978-0-8385-8529-0 |veditors=Ryan KJ, Ray CG }}</ref> e be a type of viral hepatitis.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hepatitis MedlinePlus |url=https://medlineplus.gov/hepatitis.html |access-date=2020-06-19 |website=U.S. National Library of Medicine}}</ref> During de initial infection period, people often get mild anaa no symptoms.<ref name="CDC2016">{{cite web |title=Q&A for Health Professionals |url=https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hcv/hcvfaq.htm#section1 |website=Viral Hepatitis |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |access-date=28 September 2020}}</ref> Early symptoms fi include fever, dark urine, abdominal pain, den [[jaundice]].<ref name=CDC2016 /> De virus dey persist insyd de liver, wey cam be chronic, insyd about 70% of those wey initially be infected.<ref name="whofactsheet2">{{cite web |date=24 June 2022 |title=Hepatitis C Fact sheet |url=https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-c |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131041006/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs164/en/ |archive-date=31 January 2016 |website=WHO}} Updated as required.</ref> Early on, chronic infection typically get no symptoms.<ref name=CDC2016 /> Over chaw years however, e often dey lead to liver disease den occasionally [[cirrhosis]].<ref name=CDC2016 /> Insyd sam cases, those plus cirrhosis go develop serious complications such as liver failure, liver cancer, anaa dilated blood vessels insyd de esophagus den stomach.<ref name=Sherris2004 /> HCV be spread primarily by blood-to-blood contact dem associate plus injection drug use, poorly sterilized medical equipment, needlestick injuries insyd healthcare, den transfusions.<ref name=CDC2016 /><ref name=Mah2010>{{cite journal | vauthors = Maheshwari A, Thuluvath PJ | title = Management of acute hepatitis C | journal = Clinics in Liver Disease | volume = 14 | issue = 1 | pages = 169–76; x | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20123448 | doi = 10.1016/j.cld.2009.11.007 }}</ref> Insyd regions wer na dem implement blood screening, na de risk of contracting HCV from a transfusion drop substantially to less dan one per two million.<ref name=CDC2016 /> HCV sanso fi be spread from an infected mommie to ein baby during birth.<ref name=CDC2016 /> E no be spread thru breast milk, chow, water, anaa casual contact such as hugging, kissing, den dey share chow anaa drinks plus an infected person.<ref name=whofactsheet>{{cite web|date=24 June 2022|title=Hepatitis C Fact sheet|url=https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-c|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131041006/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs164/en/|archive-date=31 January 2016|website=WHO}} Updated as required.</ref> E be one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, den E.<ref>{{cite web|title=Viral Hepatitis: A through E and Beyond|url=http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/liver-disease/viral-hepatitis-a-through-e/Pages/facts.aspx|website=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases|access-date=4 February 2016|date=April 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202083731/http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/liver-disease/viral-hepatitis-a-through-e/Pages/facts.aspx|archive-date=2 February 2016}}</ref> Diagnosis be by blood testing to look for either antibodies to de virus anaa viral RNA.<ref name=CDC2016 /> Insyd de [[United States]], screening for HCV infection be recommended in all adults age 18 to 79 years old.<ref name="Web2015" /> Der be no vaccine against hepatitis C.<ref name=CDC2016 /><ref name=Web2015>{{cite journal | vauthors = Webster DP, Klenerman P, Dusheiko GM | title = Hepatitis C | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_march-21-27-2015_385_9973/page/1124 | journal = Lancet | volume = 385 | issue = 9973 | pages = 1124–35 | date = March 2015 | pmid = 25687730 | pmc = 4878852 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62401-6 }}</ref> Prevention dey include harm reduction efforts among people wey dey inject drugs, testing donated blood, den treatment of people plus chronic infection.<ref name=whofactsheet/><ref name="TA">{{cite journal | vauthors = Zelenev A, Li J, Mazhnaya A, Basu S, Altice FL | title = Hepatitis C virus treatment as prevention in an extended network of people who inject drugs in the USA: a modelling study | journal = The Lancet. Infectious Diseases | volume = 18 | issue = 2 | pages = 215–224 | date = February 2018 | pmid = 29153265 | pmc = 5860640 | doi = 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30676-X }}</ref> Chronic infection fi be cured more dan 95% of de time plus antiviral medications such as sofosbuvir anaa simeprevir.<ref name=CDC2016 /><ref name=whofactsheet/> Na Peginterferon den ribavirin be earlier generation treatments wey na dem prove successful insyd <50% of cases wey na dem cause greater side effects.<ref name=whofactsheet/>{{rp|2015 version}}<ref name="Kim20162">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kim A |date=September 2016 |title=Hepatitis C Virus |journal=Annals of Internal Medicine |type=Review |volume=165 |issue=5 |pages=ITC33–ITC48 |doi=10.7326/AITC201609060 |pmid=27595226 |s2cid=95756}}</ref> While na access to de newer treatments be expensive, by 2022 na prices drop dramatically insyd chaw countries (primarily low-income den lower-middle-income countries) secof de introduction of generic versions of medicines.<ref name=whofactsheet/> Those wey develop cirrhosis anaa liver cancer fi require a liver transplant.<ref name=NEJM2011 /> Hepatitis C be one of de leading reasons for liver transplantation. However, de virus usually dey recur after transplantation.<ref name=NEJM2011>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rosen HR | title = Clinical practice. Chronic hepatitis C infection | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2011-06-23_364_25/page/2429 | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 364 | issue = 25 | pages = 2429–38 | date = June 2011 | pmid = 21696309 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMcp1006613 | s2cid = 19755395 }}</ref> Na an estimated 58 million people worldwide be infected plus hepatitis C insyd 2019. Approximately 290,000 deaths from de virus, mainly from liver cancer den cirrhosis attribute to hepatitis C, sanso occur insyd 2019.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Global progress report on HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections, 2021|url=https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/9789240027077|access-date=2022-01-19|website=www.who.int|language=en}}</ref> De existence of hepatitis C – originally identifiable per as a type of non-A non-B [[hepatitis]] – na dem suggest insyd de 1970s wey dem prove insyd 1989.<ref name="pmid19781804">{{cite journal | vauthors = Houghton M | title = The long and winding road leading to the identification of the hepatitis C virus | journal = Journal of Hepatology | volume = 51 | issue = 5 | pages = 939–48 | date = November 2009 | pmid = 19781804 | doi = 10.1016/j.jhep.2009.08.004 | url = http://www.journal-of-hepatology.eu/article/S0168-8278%2809%2900535-2/fulltext | doi-access = free }}</ref> Hepatitis C dey infect humans den chimpanzees per.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Shors T |title=Understanding viruses|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Learning|location=Burlington, MA|isbn=978-0-7637-8553-6|page=535|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Uk8xP5LRHr4C&pg=PA535|edition=2nd|year=2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160515225439/https://books.google.com/books?id=Uk8xP5LRHr4C&pg=PA535|archive-date=2016-05-15}}</ref> [[File:En.Wikipedia-VideoWiki-Hepatitis C.webm|thumb|thumbtime=0:28|upright=1.3|Video summary (script)]] == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite web|title=Recommendations for Testing, Managing, and Treating Hepatitis C|url=http://www.hcvguidelines.org/| via = www.hcvguidelines.org|publisher=IDSA/AASLD|access-date=28 July 2017}} * {{cite web | url = https://medlineplus.gov/hepatitisc.html | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine | work = MedlinePlus | title = Hepatitis C }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Hepatitis C| ]] [[Category:Health care-associated infections]] [[Category:Infectious causes of cancer]] [[Category:Hepatitis|+C]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] nhue48ccrm2s7dpn8iir5egjx0r9pba 0 23303 112329 110896 2026-09-24T16:58:04Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112329 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Anorexia nervosa''' ('''AN'''), dem often refer to simply as '''anorexia''',<ref name="Treasure_2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Treasure J, Zipfel S, Micali N, Wade T, Stice E, Claudino A, Schmidt U, Frank GK, Bulik CM, Wentz E |title=Anorexia nervosa |journal=[[Nature Reviews Disease Primers]] |volume=1 |article-number=15074 |date=November 2015 |pmid=27189821 |doi=10.1038/nrdp.2015.74 }}</ref> be an eating disorder wey be characterized by food restriction, body image disturbance, fear of gaining weight, den an overpowering desire to be thin.<ref name="NIH2015">{{cite web |title=What are Eating Disorders? |url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/eating-disorders |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150523184510/http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/eating-disorders/index.shtml |archive-date=23 May 2015 |access-date=24 May 2015 |website=[[National Institute of Mental Health]]}}</ref> Individuals plus anorexia nervosa get a fear of being overweight anaa being seen as such, despite de fact say dem be typically underweight.<ref name="NIH2015" /><ref name="Attia_2010">{{cite journal |vauthors=Attia E |title=Anorexia nervosa: current status and future directions |journal=[[Annual Review of Medicine]] |volume=61 |issue=1 |pages=425–435 |year=2010 |pmid=19719398 |doi=10.1146/annurev.med.050208.200745}}</ref> De DSM-5 dey describe dis perceptual symptom as "disturbance insyd de way insyd wich one ein body weight anaa shape be experienced".<ref name="DSM5">{{cite web |date=2013 |title=Feeding and eating disorders |url=http://www.dsm5.org/documents/eating%20disorders%20fact%20sheet.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501013951/http://www.dsm5.org/Documents/Eating%20Disorders%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf |archive-date=1 May 2015 |access-date=9 April 2015 |publisher=American Psychiatric Publishing}}</ref> Insyd research den clinical settings, na dem dey call dis symptom "body image disturbance"<ref name="Artoni_2021">{{cite journal |vauthors=Artoni P, Chierici ML, Arnone F, Cigarini C, De Bernardis E, Galeazzi GM, Minneci DG, Scita F, Turrini G, De Bernardis M, Pingani L |title=Body perception treatment, a possible way to treat body image disturbance in eating disorders: a case-control efficacy study |journal=[[Eating and Weight Disorders]] |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=499–514 |date=March 2021 |pmid=32124409 |doi=10.1007/s40519-020-00875-x }}</ref> anaa body dysmorphia.<ref name="DSM5book">{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/338 |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 |date=2013 |publisher=[[American Psychiatric Publishing]] |isbn=978-0-89042-555-8 |edition=5th |location=Washington |pages=[https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/338 338–345]}}</ref> Individuals plus anorexia nervosa sanso fi deny say dema symptoms anaa behaviors be indicative of illness.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Vandereycken |first1=Walter |title=Denial of illness in anorexia nervosa—a conceptual review: part 1 diagnostic significance and assessment |journal=European Eating Disorders Review |date=2006 |volume=14 |issue=5 |pages=352–368 |doi=10.1002/erv.722}}</ref> Dem fi weigh demaselves frequently, eat small amounts, den chop certain chows per.<ref name="NIH2015" /> Sam patients plus anorexia nervosa binge eat den purge to influence dema weight anaa shape.<ref name="NIH2015" /> Purging fi manifest as induced vomiting, excessive exercise, den/anaa laxative abuse. Medical complications fi include osteoporosis, infertility, den heart damage,<ref name="NIH2015" /> along plus de cessation of menstrual periods.<ref name="DSM5book" /> Complications insyd men fi include lowered testosterone.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Miller |first1=K. K. |last2=Lawson |first2=E. A. |last3=Mathur |first3=V. |last4=Wexler |first4=T. L. |last5=Meenaghan |first5=E. |last6=Misra |first6=M. |last7=Herzog |first7=D. B. |last8=Klibanski |first8=A. |date=1 April 2007 |title=Androgens in Women with Anorexia Nervosa and Normal-Weight Women with Hypothalamic Amenorrhea |journal=The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism |language=en |volume=92 |issue=4 |pages=1334–1339 |doi=10.1210/jc.2006-2501 |pmc=3206093 |pmid=17284620}}</ref> Insyd cases wer de patients plus anorexia nervosa continually dey refuse significant dietary intake den weight restoration interventions, a psychiatrist fi declare de patient to lack capacity to make decisions. Then, dese patients dema medical proxies decide dat de patient dey hia make dem feed dem by restraint via nasogastric tube.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Force-Feeding of Anorexic Patients and the Right to Die |url=http://www.mdmc-law.com/tasks/sites/mdmc/assets/Image/MDAdvisor_Fall2017_Jackson.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123231259/http://www.mdmc-law.com/tasks/sites/mdmc/assets/Image/MDAdvisor_Fall2017_Jackson.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2020 |access-date=2 October 2020}}</ref> Anorexia often dey develop during adolescence anaa young adulthood.<ref name=NIH2015 /> Na one psychologist find multiple origins of anorexia nervosa insyd a typical female patient, buh primarily sexual abuse den problematic familial relations, especially those of overprotecting parents wey dey show excessive possessiveness over dema kiddies.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Matt Lacoste |first=S. |date=1 September 2017 |title=Looking for the origins of anorexia nervosa in adolescence - A new treatment approach |journal=Aggression and Violent Behavior |volume=36 |pages=76–80 |doi=10.1016/j.avb.2017.07.006 }}</ref> Dem dey think de exacerbation of de mental illness to follow a major life-change anaa stress-inducing events.<ref name=DSM5book /> Ultimately however, causes of anorexia be varied den dey differ from individual to individual.<ref name="Attia_2010" /> Der be emerging evidence dat der be a genetic component, plus na identical twins more often be affected dan fraternal twins.<ref name="Attia_2010" /> Cultural factors dey play a very significant role, plus societies wey dey value thinness have higher rates of de disease.<ref name="DSM5book" /> Anorexia sanso commonly dey occur insyd athletes wey dey play sports wer a low bodyweight be thought to be advantageous for aesthetics anaa performance, such as dance, cheerleading<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Reel JJ, Gill DL |date=1996 |title=Psychosocial Factors Related to Eating Disorders among High School and College Female Cheerleaders |url=http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/D_Gill_Psychosocial_1996.pdf |journal=The Sport Psychologist |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=195–206 |doi=10.1123/tsp.10.2.195}}</ref>, gymnastics, running, figure skating<ref name="DSM5book" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Sudi K, Öttl K, Payerl D, Baumgartl P, Tauschmann K, Müller W |date=2004 |title=Anorexia athletica |journal=[[Nutrition Journal]] |volume=20 |issue=7–8 |pages=657–661 |doi=10.1016/j.nut.2004.04.019 |pmid=15212748}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Berends |first=Tamara |date=2018 |title=Relapse in anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. |journal=Current Opinion in Psychiatry |volume=31 |issue=6 |pages=445–455 |doi=10.1097/YCO.0000000000000453 |hdl=1874/389359 |pmid=30113325 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> den ski jumping<ref>{{cite web |author=Antonia Dolezal |title=Gewichtsreduzierende Maßnahmen im Skisprungsport: eine Analyse der angewandten Strategien & Empfehlungen |url=https://ulb-dok.uibk.ac.at/ulbtirolhs/download/pdf/8492326 |access-date=2025-06-08 |publisher=Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Tirol |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Anita Theiss |date=2015-03-18 |title=Mehr Training, weniger Essen – Magersucht bei Sportlern |url=https://www.srf.ch/wissen/gesundheit/essstoerungen-im-leistungssport-mehr-training-weniger-essen-magersucht-bei-sportlern |access-date=2025-06-08 |publisher=srf.ch |language=de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2005-07-19 |title=Magersucht durch BMI-Regel? |url=http://skisprungfan.de/news0506/news05143.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151129040605/http://skisprungfan.de/news0506/news05143.html |archive-date=2015-11-29 |access-date=2025-06-08 |publisher=skisprungfan.de |language=de}}</ref> (''Anorexia athletica''). Treatment of anorexia dey involve restoring de patient back to a healthy weight, treating dema underlying psychological problems, den addressing underlying maladaptive behaviors.<ref name=NIH2015 /> Na a daily low dose of olanzapine show to increase appetite den assist plus weight gain insyd anorexia nervosa patients.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Walsh |first=Timothy |title=Eating Disorders: What Everyone Needs to Know |url=https://archive.org/details/eatingdisordersw0000wals |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2020 |isbn=978-0-19-092659-5 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/eatingdisordersw0000wals/page/n114 105]–113 |language=English}}</ref> Psychiatrists fi prescribe dema anorexia nervosa patients medications to better manage dema anxiety anaa [[Depression (mood)|depression]].<ref name=NIH2015 /> Different therapy methods fi be useful, such as cognitive behavioral therapy anaa an approach wer parents dey assume responsibility for feeding dema kiddie, dem know as Maudsley family therapy.<ref name=NIH2015 /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Hay P |title=A systematic review of evidence for psychological treatments in eating disorders: 2005–2012 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-eating-disorders_2013-07_46_5/page/462 |journal=The International Journal of Eating Disorders |volume=46 |issue=5 |pages=462–469 |date=July 2013 |pmid=23658093 |doi=10.1002/eat.22103}}</ref> Sam times people dey require admission to a hospital to restore weight. Evidence for benefit from nasogastric tube feeding be unclear.<ref name="NICE2004">{{cite news|date=2004|title=Eating Disorders: Core Interventions in the Treatment and Management of Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Related Eating Disorders|page=103|pmid=23346610}}</ref> Sam people plus anorexia go get a single episode den recover while odas fi get recurring episodes over years.<ref name="DSM5" /> De largest risk of relapse dey occur within de first year post-discharge from eating disorder therapy treatment. Within de first two years post-discharge, approximately 31% of anorexia nervosa patients dey relapse.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Berends |first=Tamara |date=2018 |title=Relapse in anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. |journal=Current Opinion in Psychiatry |volume=31 |issue=6 |pages=445–455 |doi=10.1097/YCO.0000000000000453 |hdl=1874/389359 |pmid=30113325 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Chaw complications, both physical den psychological, improve anaa resolve plus nutritional rehabilitation den adequate weight gain.<ref name="DSM5" /> [[File:Why_do_anorexia_patients_feel_fat.webm|thumb|Why say anorexia patients dey feel fat? — Anouk Keizer (Utrecht University)]] Dem estimate e dey occur insyd 0.3% to 4.3% of women den 0.2% to 1% of men insyd Western countries at sam point insyd dema life.<ref name="Smink_2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Smink FR, van Hoeken D, Hoek HW |title=Epidemiology of eating disorders: incidence, prevalence and mortality rates |journal=Current Psychiatry Reports |volume=14 |issue=4 |pages=406–414 |date=August 2012 |pmid=22644309 |pmc=3409365 |doi=10.1007/s11920-012-0282-y}}</ref> About 0.4% of young women be affected insyd a given year wey e be estimated to occur ten times more commonly among women dan men.<ref name=DSM5book /><ref name="Smink_2012" /> E be unclear whether de increased incidence of anorexia dem observe insyd de 20th den 21st centuries be secof an actual increase insyd ein frequency anaa simply secof improved diagnostic capabilities.<ref name="Attia_2010" /> Insyd 2013, na e directly result in about 600 deaths globally, up from 400 deaths insyd 1990.<ref name=GDB2013>{{cite journal |vauthors=Murray CJ, Barber RM, Foreman KJ, Ozgoren AA, Abd-Allah F, Abera SF, etal |title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_january-10-16-2015_385_9963/page/117 |journal=[[The Lancet]] |volume=385 |issue=9963 |pages=117–171 |date=January 2015 |pmid=25530442 |pmc=4340604 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2 |collaboration=GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators}}</ref> Eating disorders sanso increase a person ein risk of death from a wide range of oda causes, wey dey include [[suicide]].<ref name=NIH2015 /><ref name="Smink_2012" /> About 5% of people plus anorexia die from complications over a ten-year period<ref name=DSM5book /><ref name="Espie_20152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Espie J, Eisler I |year=2015 |title=Focus on anorexia nervosa: modern psychological treatment and guidelines for the adolescent patient |journal=Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics |volume=6 |pages=9–16 |doi=10.2147/AHMT.S70300 |pmc=4316908 |pmid=25678834 |doi-access=free}}</ref> plus medical complications den suicide be de primary den secondary causes of death respectively.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Smith |first1=April R |last2=Zuromski |first2=Kelly L |last3=Dodd |first3=Dorian R |date=1 August 2018 |title=Eating disorders and suicidality: what we know, what we don't know, and suggestions for future research |journal=Current Opinion in Psychology |series=Suicide |volume=22 |pages=63–67 |doi=10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.08.023 |pmid=28846874 }}</ref> Anorexia get one of de highest death rates among mental illnesses, second per to opioid overdoses.<ref name="mayoclinic.org">{{Cite web |title=Anorexia nervosa - Symptoms and causes |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/anorexia-nervosa/symptoms-causes/syc-20353591 |access-date=6 March 2025 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}</ref> ==References== <references /> == Read further == * {{cite journal |vauthors=Bailey AP, Parker AG, Colautti LA, Hart LM, Liu P, Hetrick SE |title=Mapping the evidence for the prevention and treatment of eating disorders in young people |journal=Journal of Eating Disorders |volume=2 |issue=1 |article-number=5 |year=2014 |pmid=24999427 |pmc=4081733 |doi=10.1186/2050-2974-2-5 |ref=none |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Coelho GM, Gomes AI, Ribeiro BG, Soares E |title=Prevention of eating disorders in female athletes |journal=Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine |volume=5 |pages=105–113 |year=2014 |pmid=24891817 |pmc=4026548 |doi=10.2147/OAJSM.S36528 |ref=none |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Luca A, Luca M, Calandra C |title=Eating Disorders in Late-life |journal=Aging and Disease |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=48–55 |date=February 2015 |pmid=25657852 |pmc=4306473 |doi=10.14336/AD.2014.0124 |ref=none}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q131749|c=Category:Anorexia nervosa|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} <!-- BEFORE inserting new links here, you should first post it to the talk page. Otherwise your edit is likely to be reverted.--> * [https://anad.org/ National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20250325181559/https://div12.org/psychological-treatments/disorders/anorexia-nervosa/ Society of Clinical Psychology—Anorexia] {{Digital media use and mental health}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Anorexia nervosa| ]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Eating disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ljc9vwk882mamhg4y2b53vjf3wfqt4v 0 23307 112380 110628 2026-09-24T18:21:18Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112380 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Generalized anxiety disorder''' ('''GAD''') be an [[anxiety disorder]] wey be characterized by excessive, uncontrollable, den often irrational worry about events anaa activities.<ref name="DSM-5">{{cite book |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5 |date=2013 |page=222 |publisher=American Psychiatric Association |location=Washington, D.C. |isbn=978-0-89042-554-1 |edition=5th |url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/222 }}</ref> Worry often dey interfere plus daily functioning. Individuals plis GAD often be, buh no necessarily be, overly concerned about everyday matters such as health, finances, death, family, relationship concerns, anaa work difficulties.<ref name="nimh">[https://web.archive.org/web/20070916025347/http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/generalized-anxiety-disorder-gad/index.shtml "What Is Generalized Anxiety Disorder?"], National Institute of Mental Health. Accessed 28 May 2008.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1001/jama.305.5.522 |title=Generalized Anxiety Disorder |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2011-02-02_305_5/page/n99 |year=2011 |last1=Torpy |first1=Janet M. |journal=[[JAMA (journal)|JAMA]] |volume=305 |issue=5 |page=522 |pmid=21285432 |last2=Burke |first2=AE |last3=Golub |first3=RM|doi-access=free }}</ref> Symptoms fi include excessive worry, restlessness, trouble sleeping, exhaustion, irritability, sweating, den trembling.<ref name=NIH2019>{{cite web |title=Generalized Anxiety Disorder: When Worry Gets Out of Control |url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/generalized-anxiety-disorder-gad |website=NIMH |access-date=30 May 2019}}</ref> Symptoms for be consistent den ongoing, wey dey persist at least six months for a formal diagnosis.<ref name="DSM-5" /><ref name="nimh" /> Individuals plus GAD often get oda disorders wey dey include oda psychiatric disorders, substance use disorder, anaa obesity, wey fi get a history of trauma anaa family plus GAD.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Massachusetts General Hospital comprehensive clinical psychiatry |last=Stern |first=Theodore A. |department=Massachusetts General Hospital |isbn=978-0-323-32899-9|edition=Second |location=London |chapter=Anxiety Disorders (chapter 32)|date=13 February 2015|oclc=905232521 |publisher=Elsevier}}</ref> Clinicians dey use screening tools such as de GAD-7 den GAD-2 questionnaires to determine if individuals fi get GAD den warrant formal evaluation for de disorder. In addition, screening tools fi enable clinicians to evaluate de severity of GAD symptoms.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Spitzer|first1=Robert L.|last2=Kroenke|first2=K|last3=Williams|first3=JB|last4=Löwe|first4=B|year=2006|title=A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder|journal=Archives of Internal Medicine|volume=166|issue=10|pages=1092–7|doi=10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092|pmid=16717171|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Schalet|first1=Benjamin D.|last2=Cook|first2=Karon F.|last3=Choi|first3=Seung W.|last4=Cella|first4=David|date=January 2014|title=Establishing a common metric for self-reported anxiety: linking the MASQ, PANAS, and GAD-7 to PROMIS Anxiety|journal=Journal of Anxiety Disorders|volume=28|issue=1|pages=88–96|doi=10.1016/j.janxdis.2013.11.006|issn=1873-7897|pmc=4046852|pmid=24508596}}</ref> Treatment dey include types of psychotherapy den pharmacological intervention.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last1=Patel|first1=Gayatri|last2=Fancher|first2=Tonya L.|date=2013-12-03|title=In the clinic. Generalized anxiety disorder|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=159|issue=11|pages=ITC6–1, ITC6–2, ITC6-3, ITC6-4, ITC6-5, ITC6-6, ITC6-7, ITC6-8, ITC6-9, ITC6-10, ITC6-11; quiz ITC6-12|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-159-11-201312030-01006|issn=1539-3704|pmid=24297210|s2cid=42889106}}</ref> CBT den selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) be first-line psychological den pharmacological treatments; oda options dey include serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), den insyd more severe, last resort cases, benzodiazepines, though no be as first-line drugs as benzodiazepines be frequently abused den habit forming. Insyd Europe den de [[United States]], [[pregabalin]] sanso be used.<ref>European Medicines Agency. [https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/overview/lyrica-epar-summary-public_en.pdf EPAR summary for the public (Lyrica/pregabalin)] EMA/229012/2010.</ref><ref>ClinCalc. [https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Pregabalin Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022].</ref> Na dem study de potential effects of complementary den alternative medications (CAMs), exercise, therapeutic massage, den oda interventions.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Barić|first1=Hrvoje|last2=Đorđević|first2=Veljko|last3=Cerovečki|first3=Ivan|last4=Trkulja|first4=Vladimir|date=March 2018|title=Complementary and Alternative Medicine Treatments for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials|url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12325-018-0680-6|journal=Advances in Therapy|language=en|volume=35|issue=3|pages=261–288|doi=10.1007/s12325-018-0680-6|pmid=29508154|s2cid=3939726|issn=0741-238X|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":92">{{Cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Wenting |last2=Yan |first2=Yonghuang |last3=Wu |first3=Yujie |last4=Yang |first4=Han |last5=Zhu |first5=Peixuan |last6=Yan |first6=Fang |last7=Zhao |first7=Ruixue |last8=Tian |first8=Peng |last9=Wang |first9=Ting |last10=Fan |first10=Qiongyin |last11=Su |first11=Zeqi |date=2022 |title=Medicinal herbs for the treatment of anxiety: A systematic review and network meta-analysis |journal=Pharmacological Research |volume=179 |doi=10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106204 |issn=1096-1186 |pmid=35378276 |article-number=106204}}</ref> Brain stimulation, LSD, den oda novel therapeutic interventions sanso be under study.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-07 |title=MindMed Receives FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation and Announces Positive 12-Week Durability Data From Phase 2B Study of MM120 for Generalized Anxiety Disorder |url=https://ir.mindmed.co/news-events/press-releases/detail/137/mindmed-receives-fda-breakthrough-therapy-designation-and-announces-positive-12-week-durability-data-from-phase-2b-study-of-mm120-for-generalized-anxiety-disorder?utm_ |access-date=2025-05-22 |website=Mind Medicine (MindMed) Inc. |language=en}}</ref> Genetic den environmental factors both dey contribute to GAD. A hereditary component dem influence by brain structure den neurotransmitter function dey interact plus life stressors such as parenting style den abusive relationships. Emerging evidence sanso dey link problematic [[Digital media use and mental health|digital media use]] to increased anxiety. GAD dey involve heightened amygdala den prefrontal cortex activity, wey dey reflect an overactive threat-response system. E dey affect about 2–6% of adults worldwide, usually dey begin insyd adolescence anaa early adulthood, be more common insyd women, den often dey recur thru out life. Na dem define GAD as a separate diagnosis insyd 1980, plus changing criteria over time wey get complicated research den treatment development. == References == <references /> ==Read further== * Brown, T. A., O'Leary, T. A., & Barlow, D. H. (2001). "Generalised anxiety disorder". In D. H. Barlow (ed.), ''Clinical handbook of psychological disorders: A step-by-step treatment manual'' (3rd ed.). New York: Guilford Press. * Barlow, D. H., & Durand, V. M. (2005). ''Abnormal psychology: An integrative approach''. Australia; Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth. * {{cite journal |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69865-6 |title=Generalised anxiety disorder |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_december-16-22-2006_368_9553/page/2156 |year=2006 |last1=Tyrer |first1=Peter |last2=Baldwin |first2=David |journal=The Lancet |volume=368 |issue=9553 |pages=2156–66 |pmid=17174708|s2cid=18959359 }} == External links == {{Commons}} *[http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/generalized-anxiety-disorder/DS00502 Mayo Clinic]&nbsp;– Information on diagnosis and treatment for GAD *[http://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/guide/general-anxiety-disorder WebMD]&nbsp;– Information on symptoms and causes of GAD *[http://www.adaa.org Anxiety Disorders Association of America]&nbsp;– Information for families, clinicians, and researchers *[https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/generalized-anxiety-disorder-gad National Institute of Mental Health, Generalized Anxiety Disorder: When Worry Gets Out of Control] *[https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/providers/digest/anxiety-and-complementary-health-approaches National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Anxiety and Complementary Health Approaches] {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected=neurotic}} {{Digital media use and mental health}} [[Category:Anxiety disorders]] [[Category:Anxiety anaa fear-related disorders]] [[Category:Anxiety]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] j6w68wq369qbbth3e8tddzqa9e2naiu 0 23311 112510 84489 2026-09-25T01:39:58Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112510 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lung cancer''', dem sanso call '''lung carcinoma''', be a malignant tumor wey dey originate insyd de tissues of de lungs. Lung cancer be caused by genetic damage to de DNA of cells insyd de airways, often be caused by cigarette smoking anaa inhaling damaging chemicals. Damaged airway cells dey gain de ability to multiply unchecked, wey dey cause de growth of a tumor. Widout treatment, tumors dey spread thru out de lung, wey dey damage lung function. Eventually lung tumors metastasize, wey dey spread to oda parts of de body. Early lung cancer often get no symptoms wey dem only fi detect am by medical imaging. As de cancer dey progress, chaw people dey experience nonspecific respiratory problems: coughing, shortness of breath, anaa chest pain. Oda symptoms dey depend on de location den size of de tumor. Those wey dem suspect dem get lung cancer typically dey undergo a series of imaging tests to determine de location den extent of any tumors. Definitive diagnosis of lung cancer dey require a biopsy of de suspected tumor wey be examined by a pathologist under a microscope. In addition to recognizing cancerous cells, a pathologist fi classify de tumor according to de type of cells e dey originate from. Around 15% of cases be small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), den de remaining 85% (de non-small-cell lung cancers anaa NSCLC) be adenocarcinomas, squamous-cell carcinomas, den large-cell carcinomas. After diagnosis, dem fi do further imaging and biopsies to determine de cancer ein stage based on how far na e spread. Treatment for early stage lung cancer dey include surgery to remove de tumor, sam times be followed by radiation therapy den chemotherapy to kill any remaining cancer cells. Later stage cancer be treated plus radiation therapy den chemotherapy alongsyd drug treatments wey dey target specific cancer subtypes. Even plus treatment, around 20% of people per survive five years on from dema diagnosis.{{sfn|Rivera|Mody|Weiner|2022|loc="Introduction"}} Survival rates be higher insyd those dem diagnose at an earlier stage, dem diagnose at a younger age, den insyd women compared to men. Chaw lung cancer cases be caused by tobacco smoking. De remainder be caused by exposure to hazardous substances like asbestos den radon gas, anaa by genetic mutations wey arise by chance. Consequently, lung cancer prevention efforts dey encourage people make dem avoid hazardous chemicals den quit smoking. Quitting smoking both dey reduce one ein chance of developing lung cancer den dey improve treatment outcomes insyd those dem already diagnose plus lung cancer. Lung cancer be de most diagnosed den deadliest cancer worldwide, plus 2.2 million cases insyd 2020 wey dey result in 1.8 million deaths.{{sfn|Sung|Ferlay|Siegel|Laversanne|2021|loc="Lung cancer"}} Lung cancer be rare insyd those younger dan 40; de average age at diagnosis be 70 years, den de average age at death 72.{{sfn|Bade|Dela Cruz|2020|loc="Age"}} Incidence den outcomes dey vary widely across de world, wey dey depend on patterns of tobacco use. Prior to de advent of cigarette smoking insyd de 20th century, na lung cancer be a rare disease. Insyd de 1950s den 1960s, na increasing evidence link lung cancer den tobacco use, wey dey culminate in declarations by chaw large national health bodies wey dem discourage tobacco use. == References == <references /> ===Dem cite=== '''Books''' * {{Cite book | vauthors = Adler I | year=1912 | title=Primary Malignant Growths of the Lungs and Bronchi | place= New York | publisher=Longmans, Green, and Company | oclc=14783544 | ol=24396062M }} * {{cite book |title= Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine|edition=7th |date=2022 |publisher=Elsevier |veditors= Broaddus C, Ernst JD, King TE, ''et al''|isbn=978-0323655873|ref=none}} **{{cite book|vauthors=Balmes JR, Holm SM |chapter=Indoor and Outdoor Air Pollution |title=Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine |edition=7th |date=2022 |publisher=Elsevier |pages=1423–1434 |veditors= Broaddus C, Ernst JD, King TE, ''et al''}} ** {{cite book |vauthors=Christiani DC, Amos CI |chapter=Lung Cancer: Epidemiology |title=Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine |edition=7th |date=2022 |publisher=Elsevier |pages=1018–1028 |veditors= Broaddus C, Ernst JD, King TE, ''et al''}} ** {{cite book|vauthors=Massion PP, Lehman JM |chapter=Lung Cancer: Molecular Biology and Targets |title=Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine |edition=7th |date=2022 |publisher=Elsevier |pages=1005–1017 |veditors= Broaddus C, Ernst JD, King TE, ''et al''}} ** {{cite book|vauthors=Pastis NJ, Gonzalez AV, Silvestri GA |chapter=Lung Cancer: Diagnosis and Staging |title=Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine |edition=7th |date=2022 |publisher=Elsevier |pages=1039–1051 |veditors= Broaddus C, Ernst JD, King TE, ''et al''}} ** {{cite book|vauthors=Rivera P, Mody GN, Weiner AA |chapter=Lung Cancer: Treatment |title=Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine |edition=7 |date=2022 |publisher=Elsevier |pages=1052–1065 |veditors= Broaddus C, Ernst JD, King TE, ''et al''}} ** {{cite book|vauthors=Tanoue L, Mazzone PJ, Tanner NT |chapter=Lung Cancer: Screening |title=Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine |edition=7th |date=2022 |publisher=Elsevier |pages=1029–1038 |veditors= Broaddus C, Ernst JD, King TE, ''et al''}} * {{Cite book |url=https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2777/867180 |title=Cancer screening in the European Union |date=2022 |publisher=Publications Office of the European Union |isbn=978-92-76-45603-2 |doi=10.2777/867180 |ref={{harvid|Cancer screening in the European Union|2022}} |author1=European Commission. Directorate General for Research and Innovation. |author2=European Commission Group of Chief Scientific Advisors. }} * {{cite book|vauthors=Horn L, Iams WT |chapter=78: Neoplasms of the Lung |title=[[Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine]] |edition=21st |publisher=McGraw Hill |date=2022|veditors= Loscalzo J, Fauci A, Kasper D, ''et al'' |isbn= 978-1264268504}} * {{cite book|veditors=Bast RC, Byrd JC, Croce CM, ''et al'' |title=Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine |edition=10th |isbn=978-1-119-75068-0 |date=April 2023 |publisher=Wiley |chapter=80: Cancer of the Lung |vauthors=Morgensztern D, Boffa D, Chen A, Dhanasopon A, Goldberg SB, Decker RH, Devarakonda S, Ko JP, Solis Soto LM, Waqar SN, Wistuba II, Herbst RS}} * {{cite book|vauthors=Salahuddin M, Ost DE |chapter=110: Approach to the Patient with Pulmonary Nodules |publisher=McGraw Hill |title=Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders |edition=6th |veditors=Grippi MA, Antin-Ozerkis DE, Dela Cruz CS, ''et al''|isbn=978-1260473988 |year=2023}} '''Journal articles''' * {{cite journal |vauthors=Alexander M, Kim SY, Cheng H |title=Update 2020: Management of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer |journal=Lung |volume=198 |issue=6 |pages=897–907 |date=December 2020 |pmid=33175991 |pmc=7656891 |doi=10.1007/s00408-020-00407-5 }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Allemani C, Matsuda T, Di Carlo V, Harewood R, Matz M, Nikšić M, Bonaventure A, Valkov M, Johnson CJ, Estève J, Ogunbiyi OJ, ((Azevedo e Silva G)), Chen WQ, Eser S, Engholm G, Stiller CA, Monnereau A, Woods RR, Visser O, Lim GH, Aitken J, Weir HK, Coleman MP |display-authors=6|title=Global surveillance of trends in cancer survival 2000–14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual records for 37,513,025 patients diagnosed with one of 18 cancers from 322 population-based registries in 71 countries |journal=Lancet |volume=391 |issue=10125 |pages=1023–1075 |date=March 2018 |pmid=29395269 |pmc=5879496 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(17)33326-3 |url=}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Aragon KN |title=Palliative Care in Lung Cancer |journal=Clin Chest Med |volume=41 |issue=2 |pages=281–293 |date=June 2020 |pmid=32402363 |doi=10.1016/j.ccm.2020.02.005 |s2cid=218633948 }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Arnott D, Lindorff K, Goddard A |title=Tobacco control: the FCTC provides the route to the finish line |journal=Lancet |volume=400 |issue=10350 |pages=427 |date=August 2022 |pmid=35878621 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01334-4 |s2cid=250960604 |url=|doi-access=free }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Bade BC, Dela Cruz CS |title=Lung Cancer 2020: Epidemiology, Etiology, and Prevention |journal=Clin Chest Med |volume=41 |issue=1 |pages=1–24 |date=March 2020 |pmid=32008623 |doi=10.1016/j.ccm.2019.10.001|s2cid=211015015 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors=Batra H, Pawar S, Bahl D | title=Current clinical trials and patent update on lung cancer: a retrospective review | journal=Lung Cancer Management | volume=10 | issue=5 | article-number=LMT45 | date=February 2021 | pmid=34084211 | pmc=8162165 | doi=10.2217/lmt-2020-0029 }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Blum A |title=Alton ochsner, MD, 1896–1981 anti-smoking pioneer |journal=Ochsner J |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=102–105 |date=July 1999 |pmid=21845126 |pmc=3145444 |doi= |url=}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Bracken-Clarke D, Kapoor D, Baird AM, Buchanan PJ, Gately K, Cuffe S, Finn SP | title = Vaping and lung cancer – A review of current data and recommendations | journal = Lung Cancer | volume = 153 | pages = 11–20 | date = March 2021 | pmid = 33429159 | doi = 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.12.030 | s2cid = 231586192 | doi-access = }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Brandt AM |title=Inventing conflicts of interest: a history of tobacco industry tactics |journal=Am J Public Health |volume=102 |issue=1 |pages=63–71 |date=January 2012 |pmid=22095331 |pmc=3490543 |doi=10.2105/AJPH.2011.300292 }} * {{Cite journal |last=Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care |date=April 2016 |title=Recommendations on screening for lung cancer |journal=CMAJ |volume=188 |issue=6 |pages=425–432 |doi=10.1503/cmaj.151421 |issn=0820-3946 |pmc=4818132 |pmid=26952527 |ref={{harvid|Canadian Task Force|2016}} }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Goldstraw P, Chansky K, Crowley J, Rami-Porta R, Asamura H, Eberhardt WE, Nicholson AG, Groome P, Mitchell A, Bolejack V |display-authors=6|title=The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: Proposals for Revision of the TNM Stage Groupings in the Forthcoming (8th) ed. of the TNM Classification for Lung Cancer |journal=J Thorac Oncol |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=39–51 |date=January 2016 |pmid=26762738 |doi=10.1016/j.jtho.2015.09.009 |s2cid=5368645 |hdl=10044/1/31538 |hdl-access=free }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Hall W |title=The 1964 US Surgeon General's report on smoking and health |journal=Addiction |volume=117 |issue=12 |pages=3170–3175 |date=December 2022 |pmid=35852022 |doi=10.1111/add.16007 |s2cid=250642397 |doi-access=free }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Horn L, Johnson DH | title = Evarts A. Graham and the first pneumonectomy for lung cancer | journal = Journal of Clinical Oncology | volume = 26 | issue = 19 | pages = 3268–3275 | date = July 2008 | pmid = 18591561 | doi = 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.8260 | url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200317080747/https://ascopubs.org/cgi/pdf_extract/26/19/3268 | access-date = 20 March 2009 | archive-date = 17 March 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200317080747/https://ascopubs.org/cgi/pdf_extract/26/19/3268 | url-status = dead | url-access = subscription }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Jassem J |title=Tobacco smoking after diagnosis of cancer: clinical aspects |journal=Translational Lung Cancer Research |volume=8 |date=May 2019 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=S50–S58 |doi=10.21037/tlcr.2019.04.01|pmid=31211105 |pmc=6546630 |doi-access=free }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Jonas DE, Reuland DS, Reddy SM, Nagle M, Clark SD, Weber RP, Enyioha C, Malo TL, Brenner AT, Armstrong C, Coker-Schwimmer M, Middleton JC, Voisin C, Harris RP |title=Screening for Lung Cancer With Low-Dose Computed Tomography: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force |journal=JAMA |volume=325 |issue=10 |pages=971–987 |date=March 2021 |pmid=33687468 |doi=10.1001/jama.2021.0377 |s2cid=232159404 |url=|doi-access=free }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Jones KD |title=Whence lepidic?: the history of a Canadian neologism |journal=Arch Pathol Lab Med |volume=137 |issue=12 |pages=1822–1824 |date=December 2013 |pmid=23937575 |doi=10.5858/arpa.2013-0144-HP }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Kamath SD, Kircher SM, Benson AB |title=Comparison of Cancer Burden and Nonprofit Organization Funding Reveals Disparities in Funding Across Cancer Types |journal=J Natl Compr Canc Netw |volume=17 |issue=7 |pages=849–854 |date=July 2019 |pmid=31319386 |doi=10.6004/jnccn.2018.7280 |s2cid=197666475 |url=|doi-access=free }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Lim RB |title=End-of-life care in patients with advanced lung cancer |journal=Ther Adv Respir Dis |volume=10 |issue=5 |pages=455–467 |date=October 2016 |pmid=27585597 |pmc=5933619 |doi=10.1177/1753465816660925}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q47912|c=Category:Cancers of bronchus and lung|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lung cancer}} [[Category:Lung cancer| ]] [[Category:Health effects of tobacco]] [[Category:Types of cancer]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] j1hsna2sskp1stpkwfesnnkrn7ikekd 0 23318 112423 110891 2026-09-24T19:35:01Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112423 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies''' ('''TSEs'''), dem sanso know as '''prion diseases''',<ref name="ninds">{{cite web |title=Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies |url=https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/transmissible-spongiform-encephalopathies |website=National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke |access-date=23 April 2023 |language=en}}</ref> be a group of progressive, incurable, den invariably fatal conditions wey be associated plus de degeneration of de nervous system insyd chaw animals, wey dey include humans, cattle, den sheep. Strong evidence dey support de once unorthodox hypothesis wey prion diseases be transmitted by abnormally shaped protein molecules dem know as prions.<ref name="Prusiner Prions">{{cite journal |last1=Prusiner |first1=S. B. |title=Prions |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_proceedings-of-the-national-academy-of-sciences-usa_1998-11-10_95_23/page/13363 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |date=10 November 1998 |volume=95 |issue=23 |pages=13363–13383 |doi=10.1073/pnas.95.23.13363 |doi-access=free |pmid=9811807 |pmc=33918 |bibcode=1998PNAS...9513363P }}</ref><ref name= "Wadsworth 2010">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wadsworth JD, Collinge J |title= Molecular pathology of human prion disease |journal=Acta Neuropathologica |volume=121 |issue=1 |pages=69–77 |date=August 2010 |pmid=20694796 |pmc=3015177 |doi=10.1007/s00401-010-0735-5}}</ref> Prions dey consist of a protein dem call de prion protein (PrP).<ref name="Prusiner Prions"/> Misshapen PrP (dem often refer to as PrP^Sc) dey conveys ein abnormal structure to native PrP molecules by a crystallization-like seeding process. Because de abnormal proteins stick to each oda, den secof PrP be continuously produced by cells, PrP^Sc wey accumulate insyd de brain, dey harm neurons den eventually dey cause clinical disease.<ref name="Prusiner Prions"/><ref name= "Wadsworth 2010"/><ref name="Aguzzi 2009">{{cite journal |vauthors=Aguzzi A, Calella AM |date=2009 |title=Prions: protein aggregation and infectious diseases |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_physiological-reviews_2009-10_89_4/page/1105 |journal=Physiology Reviews |volume=89 |issue=4 |pages=1105–1152 |doi=10.1152/physrev.00006.2009 |pmid=19789378}}</ref> Prion diseases be marked by [[Mental disorder|mental]] den physical deterioration wey dey worsen over time.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chesebro |first1=Bruce |date=June 2003 |title=Introduction to the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies or prion diseases |journal=British Medical Bulletin |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1093/bmb/66.1.1 |pmid=14522845}}</ref><ref name="Wadsworth 2007">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wadsworth JD, Collinge J |date=2007 |title=Update on human prion disease |url=https://hal.science/hal-00501538 |journal=Biochim Biophys Acta |volume=1772 |issue=6 |pages=598–609 |doi=10.1016/j.bbadis.2007.02.010 |pmid=17408929}}</ref> A defining pathologic characteristic of prion diseases be de appearance of small vacuoles insyd various parts of de central nervous system wey dey create a sponge-like appearance wen na brain tissue obtain at autopsy be examined under a microscope.<ref name="Prusiner Prions"/><ref name= "Wadsworth 2010"/> Oda changes insyd affected regions dey include de buildup of PrP^Sc, gliosis, den de loss of neurons.<ref name="Ritchie 2025">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ritchie DL, Smith C | date = 2025 | title = Pathological spectrum of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease | journal = Pathology | volume = 57 | issue = 2 | pages = 196–206 | doi = 10.1016/j.pathol.2024.09.005 | pmid =39665904| doi-access = free }}</ref> Insyd non-human mammals, de prion diseases dey include scrapie insyd sheep, [[bovine spongiform encephalopathy]] (BSE) insyd cattle (dem popularly know as "mad cow disease") [[chronic wasting disease]] (CWD) insyd deer den elk, den odas.<ref name= "Imran 2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Imran M, Mahmood S|title= An overview of animal prion diseases |journal=Virology Journal |volume=8 |article-number=493|date=November 2011 |pmid=22044871 | pmc=3228711 |doi=10.1186/1743-422X-8-493 |doi-access= free }}</ref> Prion diseases of humans dey include [[Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease]], Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome, fatal familial insomnia, [[Kuru (disease)|kuru]], den variably protease-sensitive prionopathy.<ref name="Wadsworth 2007"/><ref name="Ironside 2017">{{cite book | vauthors = Ironside JW, Ritchie DL, Barria MA | title = Neuropathology | date = 2017 | chapter = Prion diseases | series = Handbook of Clinical Neurology | volume = 145 | pages = 393–403 | doi = 10.1016/B978-0-12-802395-2.00028-6 | pmid = 28987186 | isbn = 978-0-12-802395-2 }}</ref> Na dem divide Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease into four subtypes: sporadic (idiopathic) (sCJD), hereditary/familial (fCJD), iatrogenic (iCJD) den variant (vCJD). Dese diseases dey form a spectrum of related conditions plus overlapping signs den symptoms. Prion diseases be unusual insyd dat dema etiology fi be genetic, infectious, anaa idiopathic.<ref name="Prusiner Prions"/> Genetic (inherited) prion diseases dey result from rare mutations insyd PRNP, de gene wey dey codes for PrP (spy Genetics, below). Unlike conventional infectious diseases, wich be spread by agents plus a DNA anaa RNA genome (such as viruses anaa bacteria), prion diseases be transmitted by prions, de active material of wich be solely abnormal PrP. Infection fi occur wen de organism be exposed to prions thru ingestion of infected foodstuffs anaa via iatrogenic means (such as treatment plus biologic material wey na e be inadvertently contaminated plus prions).<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=Brown P, Preece M, Brandel JP, Sato T, McShane L, Zerr I, Fletcher A, Will RG, Pocchiari M, Cashman NR, d'Aignaux JH, Cervenakova L, Fradkin J, Schonberger LB, Collins SJ | title=Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease at the millennium | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurology_2000-10-24_55_8/page/1075 | journal=Neurology | year=2000 | pages=1075–81 | volume=55 | issue=8 | pmid=11071481 | doi=10.1212/WNL.55.8.1075 }}</ref> De variant form of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease insyd humans be caused by exposure to BSE prions.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs180/en/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021220134814/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs180/en/|archive-date=December 20, 2002|date=February 2012|title=Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease|website=[[World Health Organization]]. Retrieved 2017-04-25.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD) |url=https://www.cdc.gov/variant-creutzfeldt-jakob/about/index.html |website=CDC |date=12 November 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Collinge |first1=John |last2=Sidle |first2=Katie C. L. |last3=Meads |first3=Julie |last4=Ironside |first4=James |last5=Hill |first5=Andrew F. |title=Molecular analysis of prion strain variation and the aetiology of 'new variant' CJD |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_1996-10-24_383_6602/page/685 |journal=Nature |date=October 1996 |volume=383 |issue=6602 |pages=685–690 |doi=10.1038/383685a0 |pmid=8878476 |bibcode=1996Natur.383..685C }}</ref> Whereas de naturally occurring transmission of prion diseases among nonhuman species be relatively common, prion transmission to humans be very rare; rather, de majority of human prion diseases be idiopathic insyd nature<ref name="Ritchie 2021">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ritchie DL, Barria MA | date = 2021 | title = Prion Diseases: A Unique Transmissible Agent or a Model for Neurodegenerative Diseases? | journal = Biomolecules | volume = 11 | issue = 2 | page = 207 | doi = 10.3390/biom11020207 | doi-access = free | pmc = 7912988 | pmid = 33540845}}</ref> (spy Infectivity, below). Sporadic prion diseases dey occur insyd de absence of a mutation insyd de gene for PrP anaa a source of infection. Although na research show say de infectious capacity of prions be encoded insyd de conformation of PrP^Sc,<ref name="Prusiner Prions"/><ref name="Aguzzi 2009"/> e be likely say auxiliary substances contribute to dema formation den/anaa infectivity. Purified PrP^C dey appear to be unable to convert to de infectious PrP^Sc form insyd a protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) assay unless dem add oda components, such as a polyanion (usually RNA) den lipids. Dese oda components, dem term cofactors, fi form part of de infectious prion, anaa dem fi serve as catalysts give de replication of a protein-only prion.<ref name="Lee KS 2007">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lee KS, Caughey B | date = 2007 | title = A simplified recipe for prions | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA | volume = 104 | issue = 23 | pages=9551–9552 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0703910104 | doi-access = free | pmc=1887566 | pmid = 17535888 | bibcode = 2007PNAS..104.9551L }}</ref> Considering say na de cofactors fi be produced by chemical synthesis instead of dem be sourced solely from infected cases (anaa any animal at all), e be fair to say dat dem no dey form de infectious part of de prion. However, dese catalysts (especially de polyanion) get a tendency to be included insyd de prion aggregate, wich dey make seeding new aggregates easier ''in vitro''.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Geoghegan |first1=James C. |last2=Valdes |first2=Pablo A. |last3=Orem |first3=Nicholas R. |last4=Deleault |first4=Nathan R. |last5=Williamson |first5=R. Anthony |last6=Harris |first6=Brent T. |last7=Supattapone |first7=Surachai |title=Selective Incorporation of Polyanionic Molecules into Hamster Prions |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_2007-12-14_282_50/page/36341 |journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry |date=December 2007 |volume=282 |issue=50 |pages=36341–36353 |doi=10.1074/jbc.M704447200|doi-access=free |pmid=17940287 |pmc=3091164 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Shaked |first1=GM |last2=Meiner |first2=Z |last3=Avraham |first3=I |last4=Taraboulos |first4=A |last5=Gabizon |first5=R |title=Reconstitution of prion infectivity from solubilized protease-resistant PrP and nonprotein components of prion rods. |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-biological-chemistry_2001-04-27_276_17/page/14324 |journal=The Journal of Biological Chemistry |date=27 April 2001 |volume=276 |issue=17 |pages=14324–8 |doi=10.1074/jbc.M007815200 |doi-access=free |pmid=11152454}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies| ]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] aw2ao52e2e0mblxuv5dcwoapsl2g1o7 0 23319 112349 84517 2026-09-24T17:30:36Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112349 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy''' ('''HCM''', anaa '''HOCM''' wen [[#Variants|obstructive]]) be a condition insyd wich muscle tissues of de [[heart]] cam be thickened widout an obvious cause.<ref name=Raja2020>{{cite book | vauthors = Cui H, Schaff HV | veditors =Raja SG |title=Cardiac Surgery: A Complete Guide |date=2020 |publisher=Springer |location=Switzerland |isbn=978-3-030-24176-6 |pages=735–748 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kcPPDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA735 |language=en |chapter=80. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |access-date=20 October 2022 |archive-date=10 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230110100927/https://books.google.com/books?id=kcPPDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA735 |url-status=live }}</ref> De parts of de heart wey be most commonly affected be de interventricular septum den de ventricles.<ref name=":0">{{cite book | vauthors = Basit H, Brito D, Sharma S | chapter =Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy|date=2020| chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430788/| title =StatPearls|place=Treasure Island (FL)|publisher=StatPearls Publishing|pmid=28613539|access-date=20 September 2020 |archive-date=6 April 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210406104824/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430788/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Dis dey result in de heart be less able to pump blood effectively wey sanso fi cause electrical conduction problems.<ref name=NIH2016What>{{cite web|title=What Is Cardiomyopathy?|url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/cardiomyopathy|website=NHLBI|access-date=10 November 2017|date=22 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110172002/https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cm|archive-date=10 November 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Specifically affected be de bundle branches wey dey conduct impulses thru de interventricular septum den into de Purkinje fibers, as dese be responsible for de depolarization of contractile cells of both ventricles.<ref name=NIH2023>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bernardini A, Crotti L, Olivotto I, Cecchi F | title = Diagnostic and prognostic electrocardiographic features in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | journal = European Heart Journal Supplements | volume = 25 | issue = Suppl C | pages = C173–C178 | date = May 2023 | pmid = 37125268 | pmc = 10132576 | doi = 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suad074 }}</ref> People wey get hypertrophic cardiomyopathy fi get a range of symptoms. People fi be asymptomatic, anaa dem fi get fatigue, leg swelling, den shortness of breath.<ref name="NIH2016Sym" /> E sanso fi result in chest pain anaa fainting.<ref name="NIH2016Sym">{{cite web|title=What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Cardiomyopathy?|url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/cardiomyopathy/symptoms|website=NHLBI|access-date=10 November 2017|date=22 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728023343/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cm/signs|archive-date=28 July 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Symptoms fi be worse wen de person be dehydrated.<ref name=":0" /> Complications fi include heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, den sudden cardiac death.<ref name="NIH2016What" /><ref name="SCD2011">{{cite journal | vauthors = Barsheshet A, Brenyo A, Moss AJ, Goldenberg I | title = Genetics of sudden cardiac death | journal = Current Cardiology Reports | volume = 13 | issue = 5 | pages = 364–376 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 21789574 | doi = 10.1007/s11886-011-0209-y | s2cid = 25887172 }}</ref> Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy most commonly be inherited insyd an autosomal dominant pattern.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="NIH2016Ca">{{cite web|title=What Causes Cardiomyopathy?|url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/cardiomyopathy/causes|website=NHLBI|access-date=10 November 2017|date=22 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005114628/https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cm/causes|archive-date=5 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> E often be secof mutations insyd certain genes wey be involved plus making heart muscle proteins.<ref name="NIH2016Ca" /> Oda inherited causes of left ventricular hypertrophy dey include Fabry disease den Friedreich's ataxia.<ref name="Fer2018">{{cite book| vauthors = Ferri FF |title=Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2018 E-Book: 5 Books in 1|date=2017|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0-323-52957-0|page=246|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wGclDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA246|access-date=10 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110225010/https://books.google.ca/books?id=wGclDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA246|archive-date=10 November 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Oda considerations for causes of enlarged heart be athlete's heart den [[hypertension]] (high blood pressure).<ref name=":0" /> Making de diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy often dey involve a family history anaa pedigree, an electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, den stress testing.<ref name="JACC2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gersh BJ, Maron BJ, Bonow RO, Dearani JA, Fifer MA, Link MS, Naidu SS, Nishimura RA, Ommen SR, Rakowski H, Seidman CE, Towbin JA, Udelson JE, Yancy CW |date=December 2011 |title=2011 ACCF/AHA guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-thoracic-and-cardiovascular-surgery_2011-12_142_6/page/1303 |journal=The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery |volume=142 |issue=6 |pages=1303–1338 |doi=10.1016/j.jtcvs.2011.10.019 |pmid=22093712 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Genetic testing be recommended for affected people den dema family members.<ref name="JACC2011" /><ref name="Braunwald 2025">{{cite journal |last1=Braunwald |first1=Eugene |date=30 August 2025 |title=Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |doi=10.1056/NEJMra2413445}}</ref> Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy fi be distinguished from oda inherited causes of cardiomyopathy by ein autosomal dominant pattern, whereas Fabry disease be X-linked, wey Friedreich's ataxia be inherited insyd an autosomal recessive pattern.<ref name=":0" /> Treatment dey depend on symptoms den oda risk factors. Medications fi include beta blockers, verapamil anaa disopyramide.<ref name=Raja2020/> An implantable cardiac defibrillator fi be recommended insyd those plus certain types of irregular heartbeat.<ref name="JACC2011" /> Surgery, insyd de form of a septal myectomy anaa heart transplant, dem fi do insyd those wey no dey improve plus oda measures.<ref name="JACC2011" /> Plus treatment, de risk of death from de disease be less dan one percent per year.<ref name="Mar2014">{{cite journal | vauthors = Maron BJ, Ommen SR, Semsarian C, Spirito P, Olivotto I, Maron MS | title = Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: present and future, with translation into contemporary cardiovascular medicine | journal = Journal of the American College of Cardiology | volume = 64 | issue = 1 | pages = 83–99 | date = July 2014 | pmid = 24998133 | doi = 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.05.003 | doi-access = }}</ref> Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy dey affect up to one insyd 500 people.<ref name=Raja2020/> People of all ages may be affected.<ref name=NIH2016Type>{{cite web|title=Types of Cardiomyopathy|url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/cardiomyopathy|website=NHLBI|access-date=10 November 2017|date=22 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171004214624/https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/cm/types|archive-date=4 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Na de first modern description of de disease be by Donald Teare insyd 1958.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Teare D | title = Asymmetrical hypertrophy of the heart in young adults | journal = British Heart Journal | volume = 20 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–8 | date = January 1958 | pmid = 13499764 | pmc = 492780 | doi = 10.1136/hrt.20.1.1 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = McKenna WJ, Sen-Chowdhry S | title = From Teare to the present day: a fifty year odyssey in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, a paradigm for the logic of the discovery process | journal = Revista Espanola de Cardiologia | volume = 61 | issue = 12 | pages = 1239–1244 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19080961 | doi = 10.1016/S1885-5857(09)60050-5 | url = http://www.revespcardiol.org/en/from-teare-to-the-present/articulo/13130628/ | access-date = 6 February 2017 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171111041703/http://www.revespcardiol.org/en/from-teare-to-the-present/articulo/13130628/ | archive-date = 11 November 2017 | url-access = subscription }}</ref> ==References== <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1768/ GeneReviews/NIH/NCBI/UW entry on Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Overview] * [https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/cardiomyopathy National Heart, Blood, and Lung Institute Cardiomyopathy Page] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy}} [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Autosomal dominant disorders]] [[Category:Cardiogenetic disorders]] [[Category:Cardiomyopathy]] [[Category:Cat diseases]] [[Category:Cytoskeletal defects]] [[Category:Sports medicine]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] h5ahiyywcics3ot2cstpyxsnc6rnjoe 0 23330 112406 84554 2026-09-24T19:04:14Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112406 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gonorrhea''' anaa '''gonorrhoea''', dem colloquially know as '''the clap''',<ref> {{cite web | title = Clap | website = Cambridge Dictionary | url = https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/clap#:~:text=slang%20for%20gonorrhoea | access-date = 2024-12-08 | publisher = Cambridge University Press }} </ref> be a [[sexually transmitted infection]] (STI) wey be caused by de bacterium ''Neisseria gonorrhoeae''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gonorrhoea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection) |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/gonorrhoea-(neisseria-gonorrhoeae-infection)#:~:text=Gonorrhoea%20is%20a%20preventable%20and%20curable%20sexually%20transmitted%20infection%20caused%20by%20the%20bacterium%20Neisseria%20gonorrhoeae |access-date=2024-12-08 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Infection fi involve de genitals, mouth, anaa rectum.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Delong L, Burkhart N |title=General and Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jmhADwAAQBAJ&pg=PT787|date=2017-11-27|publisher=Wolters Kluwer Health|isbn=978-1-4963-5453-2|page=787}}</ref> Gonorrhea be spread thru sexual contact plus an infected person,<ref name="CDC20142">{{cite web |date=17 November 2015 |title=Gonorrhea – CDC Fact Sheet (Detailed Version) |url=https://www.cdc.gov/std/gonorrhea/stdfact-gonorrhea-detailed.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160902004117/http://www.cdc.gov/std/gonorrhea/stdfact-gonorrhea-detailed.htm |archive-date=2 September 2016 |access-date=27 August 2016 |website=CDC}}</ref> anaa from a mommie to a kiddie during birth.<ref name="CDC20142" /> Infected males fi experience pain anaa burning plus urination, discharge from de penis, anaa testicular pain.<ref name="CDC20142" /> Infected females fi experience burning plus urination, vaginal discharge, vaginal bleeding between [[Menstruation|periods]], anaa pelvic pain.<ref name="CDC20142" /> Complications insyd females dey include pelvic inflammatory disease den insyd males dey include inflammation of de epididymis.<ref name="CDC20142" /> Chaw of those wey be infected, however, get no symptoms.<ref name="CDC20142" /> If untreated, gonorrhea fi spread to joints anaa heart valves.<ref name="CDC20142" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Morgan |first=Mackenzie K. |last2=Decker |first2=Catherine F. |date=August 2016 |title=Gonorrhea |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27107780 |journal=Disease-a-month: DM |volume=62 |issue=8 |pages=260–268 |doi=10.1016/j.disamonth.2016.03.009 |issn=1557-8194 |pmid=27107780}}</ref> Globally, gonorrhea dey affect about 0.8% of women den 0.6% of men.<ref name="New2012">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Newman L, Rowley J, Vander Hoorn S, Wijesooriya NS, Unemo M, Low N, Stevens G, Gottlieb S, Kiarie J, Temmerman M |date=8 December 2015 |title=Global Estimates of the Prevalence and Incidence of Four Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections in 2012 Based on Systematic Review and Global Reporting |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=10 |issue=12 |bibcode=2015PLoSO..1043304N |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0143304 |pmc=4672879 |pmid=26646541 |doi-access=free |article-number=e0143304}}</ref> An estimated 33 to 106 million new cases dey occur each year.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Vos T, Barber RM, Bell B, Bertozzi-Villa A, Biryukov S, Bolliger I, etal |date=August 2015 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_august-22-28-2015_386_9995/page/743 |journal=Lancet |volume=386 |issue=9995 |pages=743–800 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4 |pmc=4561509 |pmid=26063472 |collaboration=Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators}}</ref><ref name="WHOEpi14">{{cite report |url=http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/70603/1/WHO_RHR_11.14_eng.pdf |title=Emergence of multi-drug resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae |date=2012 |publisher=World Health Organization |page=2 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130613030128/http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2011/WHO_RHR_11.14_eng.pdf |archive-date=13 June 2013}}</ref> Insyd 2015, na e cause about 700 deaths.<ref name="GBD2015De">{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Haidong |last2=Naghavi |first2=Mohsen |last3=Allen |first3=Christine |last4=Barber |first4=Ryan M. |last5=Bhutta |first5=Zulfiqar A. |last6=Carter |first6=Austin |last7=Casey |first7=Daniel C. |last8=Charlson |first8=Fiona J. |last9=Chen |first9=Alan Zian |last10=Coates |first10=Matthew M. |last11=Coggeshall |first11=Megan |last12=Dandona |first12=Lalit |last13=Dicker |first13=Daniel J. |last14=Erskine |first14=Holly E. |last15=Ferrari |first15=Alize J. |display-authors=1 |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1459–1544 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1 |pmc=5388903 |pmid=27733281 |last16=Fitzmaurice |first16=Christina |last17=Foreman |first17=Kyle |last18=Forouzanfar |first18=Mohammad H. |last19=Fraser |first19=Maya S. |last20=Fullman |first20=Nancy |last21=Gething |first21=Peter W. |last22=Goldberg |first22=Ellen M. |last23=Graetz |first23=Nicholas |last24=Haagsma |first24=Juanita A. |last25=Hay |first25=Simon I. |last26=Huynh |first26=Chantal |last27=Johnson |first27=Catherine O. |last28=Kassebaum |first28=Nicholas J. |last29=Kinfu |first29=Yohannes |last30=Kulikoff |first30=Xie Rachel}}</ref> Diagnosis be by testing de urine, urethra insyd males, vagina anaa cervix insyd females. E fi be diagnosed by testing a sample dem collect from de throat anaa rectum of individuals wey na dem get oral anaa anal sex, respectively.<ref name="CDC20142" /> Testing all women wey be sexually active den less dan 25 years of age each year as well as those plus new sexual partners be recommended;<ref name="STI20152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Workowski KA, Bolan GA |date=June 2015 |title=Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015 |journal=MMWR. Recommendations and Reports |volume=64 |issue=RR-03 |pages=1–137 |pmc=5885289 |pmid=26042815}}</ref> de same recommendation dey apply insyd men wey dey have sex plus men (MSM).<ref name="STI20152" /> Gonorrhea fi be prevented plus de use of [[condom]]s, having sex plus one person per wey be uninfected, den by not having sex.<ref name="CDC20142" /><ref name="STI20152" /> Certain vaccines dem originally design to protect against infection wey be caused by related bacteria, meningococcus serotype B, na dem find dem to provide sam protection against gonorrhea.<ref name="Gottlieb2017">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gottlieb SL, Johnston C |date=February 2017 |title=Future prospects for new vaccines against sexually transmitted infections |journal=Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=77–86 |doi=10.1097/QCO.0000000000000343 |pmc=5325242 |pmid=27922851}}</ref><ref name="NHSVax1">{{Cite web |last=England |first=N. H. S. |date=2025-05-21 |title=NHS England » NHS and local government to roll out world-first vaccine programme to prevent gonorrhoea |url=https://www.england.nhs.uk/2025/05/nhs-and-local-government-to-roll-out-world-first-vaccine-programme-to-prevent-gonorrhoea/#:~:text=People%20who%20receive%20the%20jab,Security%20Agency%20(UKHSA)%20research. |access-date=2025-05-21 |website=www.england.nhs.uk |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="NHSVax2">{{Cite web |date=2025-05-21 |title=Gonorrhoea vaccine to be rolled out in England from August |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cded26z16leo |access-date=2025-05-21 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}</ref> Treatment usually be plus ceftriaxone by injection den [[azithromycin]] by mouth.<ref name="CDC2016Tx">{{cite web |date=13 June 2016 |title=Antibiotic-Resistant Gonorrhea Basic Information |url=https://www.cdc.gov/std/gonorrhea/arg/basic.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160908222601/http://www.cdc.gov/std/gonorrhea/arg/basic.htm |archive-date=8 September 2016 |access-date=27 August 2016 |website=CDC}}</ref><ref name="Un2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Unemo M |date=August 2015 |title=Current and future antimicrobial treatment of gonorrhoea - the rapidly evolving Neisseria gonorrhoeae continues to challenge |journal=BMC Infectious Diseases |volume=15 |doi=10.1186/s12879-015-1029-2 |pmc=4546108 |pmid=26293005 |doi-access=free |article-number=364}}</ref> Na resistance develop to chaw previously antibiotics dem use den higher doses of ceftriaxone be occasionally required.<ref name="CDC2016Tx" /><ref name="Un2015" /> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.cdc.gov/gonorrhea/about/ "Gonorrhea – CDC Fact Sheet"] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Bacterium-related cutaneous conditions]] [[Category:Gonorrhea]] [[Category:Infectious causes of cancer]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] exafs9ywxff6lwld3x0rookrz4c51cx 0 23332 112309 84576 2026-09-24T16:33:55Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112309 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''common cold''', anaa de '''cold''', be a viral infectious disease of de upper respiratory tract wey dey primarily affect de respiratory mucosa of de nose, throat, sinuses, den larynx.<ref name=CMAJ2014/><ref name=CE11>{{cite journal |vauthors=Arroll B |title=Common cold |journal=BMJ Clinical Evidence |volume=2011 |issue=3 |page=1510 |date=March 2011 |pmid=21406124 |pmc=3275147 |quote=Common colds are defined as upper respiratory tract infections that affect the predominantly nasal part of the respiratory mucosa}}</ref> Signs den symptoms fi appear insyd as little as two days after exposure to de virus.<ref name=CMAJ2014>{{cite journal |vauthors=Allan GM, Arroll B |title=Prevention and treatment of the common cold: making sense of the evidence |journal=CMAJ |volume=186 |issue=3 |pages=190–9 |date=February 2014 |pmid=24468694 |pmc=3928210 |doi=10.1503/cmaj.121442}}</ref> Dese fi include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, fatigue, den fever.<ref name="CDC20152">{{cite web |date=6 October 2015 |title=Common Colds: Protect Yourself and Others |url=https://www.cdc.gov/features/rhinoviruses/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205062000/http://www.cdc.gov/features/rhinoviruses/ |archive-date=5 February 2016 |access-date=4 February 2016 |website=CDC}}</ref><ref name="Eccles2005">{{cite journal |vauthors=Eccles R |title=Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza |journal=The Lancet. Infectious Diseases |volume=5 |issue=11 |pages=718–25 |date=November 2005 |pmid=16253889 |pmc=7185637 |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(05)70270-X}}</ref> People usually dey recover insyd seven to ten days,<ref name="CDC20152" /> buh sam symptoms fi last up to three weeks.<ref name="Heik2003">{{cite journal |vauthors=Heikkinen T, Järvinen A |title=The common cold |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_2003-01-04_361_9351/page/51 |journal=Lancet |volume=361 |issue=9351 |pages=51–9 |date=January 2003 |pmid=12517470 |pmc=7112468 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12162-9 |bibcode=2003Lanc..361...51H }}</ref> Occasionally, those plus oda health problems fi develop [[pneumonia]].<ref name="CDC20152" /> Well over 200 virus strains be implicated in causing de common cold, plus rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, adenoviruses den enteroviruses be de most common.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/getsmart/community/for-patients/common-illnesses/colds.html |title=Common Cold |publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] |access-date=27 January 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201101449/http://www.cdc.gov/getsmart/community/for-patients/common-illnesses/colds.html |archive-date=1 February 2016}}</ref> Dem spread thru de air anaa indirectly thru contact plus objects insyd de environment, wey be followed by transfer to de mouth anaa nose.<ref name="CDC20152" /> Risk factors dey include going to child care facilities, no dey sleep well, den psychological stress.<ref name=CMAJ2014/> De symptoms be mostly secof de body ein immune response to de infection rada dan to tissue destruction by de viruses demaselves.<ref name="E112">Eccles p. 112</ref> De symptoms of [[influenza]] be similar to those of a cold, although usually more severe den less likely to include a runny nose.<ref name="CMAJ2014" /><ref>{{cite web |date=11 August 2016 |title=Cold Versus Flu |url=https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/coldflu.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170106173600/https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/coldflu.htm |archive-date=6 January 2017 |access-date=5 January 2017}}</ref> Der be no vaccine give de common cold.<ref name="CDC20152" /> Dis be secof de rapid mutation den wide variation of viruses wey dey cause de common cold.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Colds: How to Prevent Them |url=https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/colds#:~:text=There%20is%20no%20cure%20for%20colds;%20there%20only%20is%20treatment,Foxman. |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=Yale Medicine |language=en}}</ref> De primary methods of prevention be hand washing; no dey touch de eyes, nose anaa mouth plus unwashed hands; den staying away from sick people.<ref name="CDC20152" /> People be considered contagious as long as de symptoms be still present.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-10-18 |title=Common cold |url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/common-cold/ |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=nhs.uk |language=en}}</ref> Sam evidence dey support de use of face masks.<ref name=E209>Eccles p. 209</ref> Der sanso be no cure, buh de symptoms fi be treated.<ref name="CDC20152" /> Zinc fi reduce de duration den severity of symptoms if dem start shortly after de onset of symptoms.<ref name="NIH2016Zinc">{{cite web |date=10 July 2019 |title=Zinc – Fact Sheet for Health Professionals |url=https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Zinc-HealthProfessional/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210325180015/https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Zinc-HealthProfessional/ |archive-date=25 March 2021 |access-date=27 December 2019 |publisher=Office of Dietary Supplements, US National Institutes of Health |quote=Although studies examining the effect of zinc treatment on cold symptoms have had somewhat conflicting results, overall zinc appears to be beneficial under certain circumstances.... In September of 2007, Caruso and colleagues published a structured review of the effects of zinc lozenges, nasal sprays, and nasal gels on the common cold [69]. Of the 14 randomized, placebo-controlled studies included, 7 (5 using zinc lozenges, 2 using a nasal gel) showed that the zinc treatment had a beneficial effect and 7 (5 using zinc lozenges, 1 using a nasal spray, and 1 using lozenges and a nasal spray) showed no effect. More recently, a Cochrane review concluded that "zinc (lozenges or syrup) is beneficial in reducing the duration and severity of the common cold in healthy people, when taken within 24 hours of onset of symptoms" [73]. The author of another review completed in 2004 also concluded that zinc can reduce the duration and severity of cold symptoms [68]. However, more research is needed to determine the optimal dosage, zinc formulation and duration of treatment before a general recommendation for zinc in the treatment of the common cold can be made [73]. As previously noted, the safety of intranasal zinc has been called into question because of numerous reports of anosmia (loss of smell), in some cases long-lasting or permanent, from the use of zinc-containing nasal gels or sprays [17–19].}}</ref> Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as [[ibuprofen]] fi help plus pain.<ref name="Kim2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kim SY, Chang YJ, Cho HM, Hwang YW, Moon YS |date=September 2015 |title=Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the common cold |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2015 |issue=9 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD006362.pub4 |pmc=10040208 |pmid=26387658 |article-number=CD006362}}</ref> Antibiotics, however, for no be used, as all colds be caused by viruses rada dan bacteria.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Harris AM, Hicks LA, Qaseem A |date=March 2016 |title=Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Adults: Advice for High-Value Care From the American College of Physicians and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |journal=Annals of Internal Medicine |volume=164 |issue=6 |pages=425–34 |doi=10.7326/M15-1840 |pmid=26785402 |s2cid=746771 |doi-access=}}</ref> Der be no good evidence wey cough medicines be effective.<ref name="CMAJ2014" /><ref name="Mal2017">{{cite journal |vauthors=Malesker MA, Callahan-Lyon P, Ireland B, Irwin RS |date=November 2017 |title=Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatment for Acute Cough Associated With the Common Cold: CHEST Expert Panel Report |journal=Chest |volume=152 |issue=5 |pages=1021–1037 |doi=10.1016/j.chest.2017.08.009 |pmc=6026258 |pmid=28837801 |quote=A suggestion for the use of zinc lozenges in healthy adults with cough due to common cold was considered by the expert panel. However, due to weak evidence, the potential side effects of zinc, and the relatively benign and common nature of the condition being treated, the panel did not approve inclusion of this suggestion.}}</ref> De common cold be de most frequent infectious disease insyd humans.<ref name=E1>Eccles p. 1</ref> Under normal circumstances, de average adult dey get two to three colds a year, while de average kiddie fi get six to eight colds a year.<ref name=CE11/><ref name=AFP07>{{cite journal |vauthors=Simasek M, Blandino DA |title=Treatment of the common cold |journal=American Family Physician |volume=75 |issue=4 |pages=515–20 |date=February 2007 |pmid=17323712 |url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/20070215/515.html |url-status=live |df=dmy-all |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926230125/http://www.aafp.org/afp/20070215/515.html |archive-date=26 September 2007}}</ref> Infections dey occur more commonly [[#Weather|during de winter]].<ref name=CDC2015>{{cite web |title=Common Colds: Protect Yourself and Others |url=https://www.cdc.gov/features/rhinoviruses/ |website=CDC |access-date=4 February 2016 |date=6 October 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160205062000/http://www.cdc.gov/features/rhinoviruses/ |archive-date=5 February 2016}}</ref> Na dese infections exist thru out human history.<ref name="Eccles p. 3">{{cite book |vauthors=Eccles R, Weber O |title=Common cold |year=2009 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rRIdiGE42IEC&pg=PA3 |publisher=Birkhäuser |location=Basel |isbn=978-3-7643-9894-1 |page=3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508020931/https://books.google.com/books?id=rRIdiGE42IEC&pg=PA3 |archive-date=8 May 2016}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Acute upper respiratory infections]] [[Category:Animal viral diseases]] [[Category:Airborne diseases]] [[Category:Common cold]] [[Category:Coronavirus-associated diseases]] [[Category:Enterovirus-associated diseases]] [[Category:Inflammations]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] dpt2aycnp8rgfqihvk2yl2wofuyi2l8 0 23337 112465 84586 2026-09-25T00:23:18Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112465 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ceftazidime''', dem sell under de brand name '''Fortaz''' among odas, be a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic useful for de treatment of a number of bacterial infections.<ref name=AHFS2016/><ref>{{Cite book| vauthors = Katzung B |title=Basic & Clinical Pharmacology | edition = 14th|publisher=McGraw Hill|year=2019|pages=803 | isbn = 978-1-259-64115-2 }}</ref> Specifically dem dey use am for joint infections, [[meningitis]], [[pneumonia]], [[sepsis]], urinary tract infections, malignant otitis externa, ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'' infection, den vibrio infection.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Dem dey give am by injection into a vein, muscle, anaa eye.<ref name=AHFS2016>{{cite web |title=Ceftazidime |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/ceftazidime.html |publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists |access-date=8 December 2016 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220230855/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/ceftazidime.html|archive-date=20 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | vauthors = Kamjoo S |title=Intravitreal Injections | work = EyeWiki | publisher = American Academy of Ophthalmology |url=https://eyewiki.aao.org/Intravitreal_Injections |access-date=12 January 2020 |archive-date=5 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305065813/https://eyewiki.aao.org/Intravitreal_Injections |url-status=live }}</ref> Common side effects dey include nausea, allergic reactions, den pain at de site of injection.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Oda side effects fi include ''Clostridioides difficile'' diarrhea.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Dem no recommend am insyd people wey na dem previous get anaphylaxis to a penicillin.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Ein use be relatively safe during [[pregnancy]] den breastfeeding.<ref name=Ric2015>{{cite book| vauthors = Hamilton R |title=Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition|date=2015|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Learning|isbn=9781284057560|page=87}}</ref> E dey insyd de third-generation cephalosporin family of medications wey e dey work by interfering plus de bacteria ein cell wall.<ref name=AHFS2016/> Na dem patent ceftazidime insyd 1978 wey e cam into commercial use insyd 1984.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery|date=2006|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9783527607495|page=495|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA495|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220085422/https://books.google.ca/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA495|archive-date=2016-12-20}}</ref> E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO21st">{{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019 | year = 2019 | hdl = 10665/325771 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | location = Geneva | id = WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO | hdl-access=free }}</ref> Ceftazidime be available as a generic medication.<ref name=AHFS2016/> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite web | url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221126164433/https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/Ceftazidime | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170123232345/https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/Ceftazidime | url-status = dead | archive-date = January 23, 2017 | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine | work = Drug Information Portal | title = Ceftazidime }} [[Category:Cephalosporin antibiotics]] [[Category:Thiazoles]] [[Category:Pyridinium compounds]] [[Category:Zwitterions]] [[Category:World Health Organization essential medicines]] [[Category:Ketoxime ethers]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] feadoe226mxjj8qdgibm3d5vuxsr9xl 0 23369 112301 108506 2026-09-24T16:24:18Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112301 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Skin cancers''' be [[cancer]]s wey dey arise from de skin. Dem be secof de development of abnormal cells wey get de ability to invade anaa spread to oda parts of de body.<ref>{{cite web|title=Defining Cancer|url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/cancerlibrary/what-is-cancer|website=National Cancer Institute|access-date=10 June 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625220940/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/cancerlibrary/what-is-cancer|archive-date=25 June 2014|date=17 September 2007}}</ref> E dey occur wen skin cells grow uncontrollably, dey form malignant tumors. De primary cause of skin cancer be prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from de sun anaa tanning devices. Skin cancer be de most commonly diagnosed form of cancer insyd humans.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Apalla Z, Lallas A, Sotiriou E, Lazaridou E, Ioannides D | title = Epidemiological trends in skin cancer | journal = Dermatology Practical & Conceptual | volume = 7 | issue = 2 | pages = 1–6 | date = April 2017 | pmid = 28515985 | pmc = 5424654 | doi = 10.5826/dpc.0702a01 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hu W, Fang L, Ni R, Zhang H, Pan G | title = Changing trends in the disease burden of non-melanoma skin cancer globally from 1990 to 2019 and its predicted level in 25 years | journal = BMC Cancer | volume = 22 | issue = 1 | article-number = 836 | date = July 2022 | pmid = 35907848 | pmc = 9339183 | doi = 10.1186/s12885-022-09940-3 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lyakhov |first1=Pavel A. |last2=Lyakhova |first2=Ulyana A. |last3=Kalita |first3=Diana I. |date=2023 |title=Multimodal Analysis of Unbalanced Dermatological Data for Skin Cancer Recognition |journal=IEEE Access |volume=11 |pages=131487–131507 |doi=10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3336289 |issn=2169-3536 |quote="To date, skin cancer is the most frequently diagnosed form of oncopathology in humans and represents a wide range of malignancies. More than 40% of the total number of diagnosed cancers in the world are skin cancer."|doi-access=free |bibcode=2023IEEEA..11m1487L }}</ref> Der be three main types of skin cancers: basal-cell skin cancer (BCC), squamous-cell skin cancer (SCC) den [[melanoma]].<ref name=NCI2013TxPro>{{cite web|title=Skin Cancer Treatment (PDQ®)|url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/AllPages|website=NCI|access-date=30 June 2014|date=2013-10-25|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705234200/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/AllPages|archive-date=5 July 2014}}</ref> De first two, along plus a number of less common skin cancers, be known as nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC).<ref name="Cak20123">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cakir BÖ, Adamson P, Cingi C |date=November 2012 |title=Epidemiology and economic burden of nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal=Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=419–422 |doi=10.1016/j.fsc.2012.07.004 |pmid=23084294}}</ref><ref name=ABC2008>{{cite book| vauthors = Marsden J | veditors = Rajpar S |title=ABC of skin cancer|date=2008|publisher=Blackwell Pub.|location=Malden, MA|isbn=978-1-4443-1250-8|pages=5–6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aRE_YuXmaFoC&pg=PA5|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160429172638/https://books.google.com/books?id=aRE_YuXmaFoC&pg=PA5|archive-date=29 April 2016}}</ref> Basal-cell cancer dey grow slowly wey fi damage de tissue around am buh e be unlikely to spread to distant areas anaa result in death.<ref name="Cak20123" /> E often dey appear as a painless raised area of skin wey fi be shiny plus small blood vessels wey dey run over am anaa fi present as a raised area plus an ulcer.<ref name="NCI2013TxPro" /> Squamous-cell skin cancer be more likely to spread.<ref name="Cak20123" /> E dey usually present as a hard lump plus a scaly top buh sanso fi form an ulcer.<ref name="Lyn2011">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RR1hAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA242 |title=Primary Care: The Art and Science of Advanced Practice Nursing |vauthors=Dunphy LM |date=2011 |publisher=F.A. Davis |isbn=978-0-8036-2647-8 |page=242 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160520044442/https://books.google.com/books?id=RR1hAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA242 |archive-date=20 May 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Melanomas be de most aggressive. Signs dey include a mole wey na e change in size, shape, color, e get irregular edges, e get more dan one color, be itchy anaa dey bleed.<ref name="Mel2014">{{cite web |date=2014-04-17 |title=General Information About Melanoma |url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/melanoma/Patient/page1/AllPages |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705115020/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/melanoma/Patient/page1/AllPages |archive-date=5 July 2014 |access-date=30 June 2014 |website=NCI}}</ref> More dan 90% of cases be caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation from de Sun.<ref name=UV2010>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gallagher RP, Lee TK, Bajdik CD, Borugian M | title = Ultraviolet radiation | journal = Chronic Diseases in Canada | volume = 29 | issue = Suppl 1 | pages = 51–68 | date = 2010 | pmid = 21199599 | doi = 10.24095/hpcdp.29.S1.04 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Dis exposure dey increase de risk of all three main types of skin cancer.<ref name="UV2010" /> Na such exposure increase since de beginning of de industrial revolution, partly secof ozone depletion.<ref name="Cak20123" /><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Maverakis E, Miyamura Y, Bowen MP, Correa G, Ono Y, Goodarzi H | title = Light, including ultraviolet | journal = Journal of Autoimmunity | volume = 34 | issue = 3 | pages = J247–J257 | date = May 2010 | pmid = 20018479 | pmc = 2835849 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaut.2009.11.011 }}</ref> Tanning beds be anoda common source of ultraviolet radiation.<ref name="UV2010" /> For melanomas den basal-cell cancers, exposure during kiddie time be particularly harmful.<ref name="WCR2014">{{cite book |title=World Cancer Report 2014. |url=https://archive.org/details/worldcancerrepor0000unse_p0u5 |date=2014 |publisher=World Health Organization |isbn=978-92-832-0429-9 |pages=Chapter 5.14}}</ref> For squamous-cell skin cancers, total exposure, irrespective of wen e dey occur, be more important.<ref name="UV2010" /> Between 20% den 30% of melanomas dey develop from moles.<ref name="WCR2014" /> People plus lighter skin be at higher risk<ref name="NCI2013TxPro" /><ref>{{cite book |title=Sunlight, Vitamin D and Skin Cancer |vauthors=Leiter U, Garbe C |date=2008 |isbn=978-0-387-77573-9 |series=Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology |volume=624 |pages=89–103 |chapter=Epidemiology of Melanoma and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer—The Role of Sunlight |doi=10.1007/978-0-387-77574-6_8 |pmid=18348450 |doi-access=free}}</ref> as be those plus poor immune function such as from medications anaa [[HIV/AIDS]].<ref name="Cak20123" /><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Chiao EY, Krown SE |date=September 2003 |title=Update on non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining malignancies |journal=Current Opinion in Oncology |volume=15 |issue=5 |pages=389–397 |doi=10.1097/00001622-200309000-00008 |pmid=12960522 |s2cid=33259363}}</ref> Diagnosis be by biopsy.<ref name="Mel2014" /> Decreasing exposure to ultraviolet radiation den de use of sunscreen appear to be effective methods of preventing melanoma den squamous-cell skin cancer.<ref name="WCR2014" /><ref name=Jou2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Jou PC, Feldman RJ, Tomecki KJ | title = UV protection and sunscreens: what to tell patients | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_cleveland-clinic-journal-of-medicine_2012-06_79_6/page/427 | journal = Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine | volume = 79 | issue = 6 | pages = 427–436 | date = June 2012 | pmid = 22660875 | doi = 10.3949/ccjm.79a.11110 | doi-access = free }}</ref> E no be clear if sunscreen dey affect de risk of basal-cell cancer.<ref name="Jou2012" /> Nonmelanoma skin cancer usually be curable.<ref name="Cak20123" /> Treatment be generally by surgical removal buh fi, less commonly, involve radiation therapy anaa topical medications such as fluorouracil.<ref name="NCI2013TxPro" /> Treatment of melanoma fi involve sam combination of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy den targeted therapy.<ref name="Mel2014" /> Insyd those people wey na dema disease spread to oda areas of de body, palliative care fi be used to improve quality of life.<ref name="Mel2014" /> Melanoma get one of de higher survival rates among cancers, plus over 86% of people insyd de [[United Kingdom|UK]] den more dan 90% insyd de [[United States]] dey survive more dan 5 years.<ref>{{cite web|title=SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Melanoma of the Skin|url=http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/melan.html|website=NCI|access-date=18 June 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140706134347/http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/melan.html|archive-date=6 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Release: Cancer Survival Rates, Cancer Survival in England, Patients Diagnosed 2005–2009 and Followed up to 2010|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-239726|website=Office for National Statistics|access-date=30 June 2014|date=15 November 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141017061743/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-239726|archive-date=17 October 2014}}</ref> Skin cancer be de most common form of cancer, globally dey account for at least 40% of cancer cases.<ref name="Cak20123" /><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Dubas LE, Ingraffea A | title = Nonmelanoma skin cancer | journal = Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America | volume = 21 | issue = 1 | pages = 43–53 | date = February 2013 | pmid = 23369588 | doi = 10.1016/j.fsc.2012.10.003 }}</ref> De most common type be nonmelanoma skin cancer, wich dey occur in at least 2–3 million people per year.<ref name="WCR2014" /><ref>{{cite web|title=How common is skin cancer?|url=https://www.who.int/uv/faq/skincancer/en/index1.html|website=World Health Organization|access-date=30 June 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100927065836/http://www.who.int/uv/faq/skincancer/en/index1.html|archive-date=27 September 2010}}</ref> Dis be a rough estimate; dem no dey keep good statistics.<ref name="NCI2013TxPro" /> Of nonmelanoma skin cancers, about 80% be basal-cell cancers den 20% squamous-cell skin cancers.<ref name="ABC2008" /> Basal-cell den squamous-cell skin cancers rarely dey result in death.<ref name="WCR2014" /> Insyd de United States, na der be de cause of less dan 0.1% of all cancer deaths.<ref name="NCI2013TxPro" /> Globally insyd 2012, na melanoma occur insyd 232,000 people wey e result in 55,000 deaths.<ref name="WCR2014" /> White people insyd [[Australia]], New Zealand den [[South Africa]] get de highest rates of melanoma insyd de world.<ref name="WCR2014" /><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KJLEIvX4wzoC&pg=PA271 |title=Epidemiology of Chronic Disease |vauthors=Harris RE |date=2013 |publisher=Jones & Bartlett Publishers |isbn=978-0-7637-8047-0 |page=271}}</ref> Na de three main types of skin cancer cam be more common since late 20th century, especially insyd regions wer de population be predominantly white.<ref name="Cak20123" /><ref name="WCR2014" /> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20131207034706/http://www.oncolex.org/en/Skin-cancer Skin cancer procedures: text, images and videos] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207034706/http://www.oncolex.org/en/Skin-cancer |date=7 December 2013 }} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Skin Cancer}} [[Category:Integumentary neoplasia]] [[Category:Sun tanning]] [[Category:Human skin]] [[Category:Skin cancer]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] gf8pf8srx33ouk1nay25j1smtas979k 0 23403 112355 108598 2026-09-24T17:40:07Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112355 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sudden infant death syndrome''' ('''SIDS'''), sam times dem know as '''cot death''' anaa '''crib death''', be de sudden unexplained death of a kiddie of less dan one year of age. Diagnosis dey require dat de death remain unexplained even after a thorough autopsy den detailed death scene investigation.<ref name=CDC2013Diag>{{cite web | work = Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | title = Sudden Infant Death |url=https://www.cdc.gov/sids/ |url-status=deviated |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318045725/http://www.cdc.gov/sids/ |archive-date=March 18, 2013 |access-date=March 13, 2013}}</ref> SIDS dey usually occur between de hours of midnight den 9:00 a.m.,<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Gilbert-Barness E, Spicer DE, Steffensen TS | chapter = Sudden Death Syndrome |title=Handbook of pediatric autopsy pathology |date=2013|publisher=Springer New York|location=New York, NY|isbn=978-1-4614-6711-3|pages=654|edition=Second| chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=yaPjAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA654|access-date=15 September 2017|archive-date=14 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230114071655/https://books.google.com/books?id=yaPjAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA654|url-status=live}}</ref> anaa wen de baby be sleeping.<ref name="Kin20092">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kinney HC, Thach BT |date=August 2009 |title=The sudden infant death syndrome |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2009-08-20_361_8/page/795 |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=361 |issue=8 |pages=795–805 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra0803836 |pmc=3268262 |pmid=19692691}}</ref> Der be usually no noise anaa evidence of struggle.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Sethuraman C, Coombs R, Cohen MC |chapter=Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy | chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t33sAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA319 | veditors = Cohen MC, Scheimberg I |title=Pediatric & Perinatal Autopsy Manual |publisher=Cambridge |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-107-64607-0 |pages=319 }}</ref> SIDS dey remain one of de leading causes of infant mortality insyd Western countries, wey dey constitute almost 1/3 of all post-neonatal deaths.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Raven L | chapter = Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: History |date=2018| chapter-url= https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513390/ | veditors = Duncan JR, Byard RW | editor-link2=Roger Byard | title = SIDS Sudden Infant and Early Childhood Death: The Past, the Present and the Future |place=Adelaide (AU)|publisher=University of Adelaide Press|isbn=978-1-925261-67-7|pmid=30035955|access-date=2020-09-28|archive-date=27 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220727192826/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513390/|url-status=live}}</ref> De exact cause of SIDS be unknown.<ref name=NIH2013Cause>{{cite web|title=What causes SIDS?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/sids/conditioninfo/causes|website=National Institute of Child Health and Human Development|access-date=9 March 2015|date=12 April 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402220510/http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/sids/conditioninfo/pages/causes.aspx|archive-date=2 April 2015}}</ref> De requirement of a combination of factors wey dey include a specific underlying susceptibility, a specific time insyd development, wey na dem propose an environmental stressor.<ref name="Kin20092" /><ref name=NIH2013Cause/> Dese environmental stressors fi include sleeping on de stomach anaa side, overheating, den exposure to tobacco smoke.<ref name=NIH2013Cause/> Accidental suffocation from bed sharing (dem sanso know as co-sleeping) anaa soft objects sanso fi play a role.<ref name="Kin20092" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Ways To Reduce the Risk of SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Causes of Infant Death|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/sts/about/risk/Pages/reduce.aspx|website=NICHD|access-date=2 March 2016|date=20 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307132750/https://www.nichd.nih.gov/sts/about/risk/Pages/reduce.aspx|archive-date=7 March 2016}}</ref> Anoda risk factor be dem born before 37 weeks of gestation.<ref name="NIH2013Epi2">{{cite web |date=19 November 2013 |title=How many infants die from SIDS or are at risk for SIDS? |url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/sids/conditioninfo/risk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402182125/http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/sids/conditioninfo/pages/risk.aspx |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=9 March 2015 |website=National Institute of Child Health and Human Development}}</ref> Between 1% den 5% of SIDS cases be estimated to be misidentified infanticides wey cause by intentional suffocation.<ref name="pediatrics-hymel">{{cite journal |last1=Hymel |first1=Kent P. |title=Distinguishing sudden infant death syndrome from child abuse fatalities |journal=Pediatrics |date=July 2006 |volume=118 |issue=1 |pages=421–427 |doi=10.1542/peds.2006-1245 |pmid=16818592 |issn=1098-4275}}</ref><ref name="afp-milroy">{{cite journal | vauthors = Milroy CM, Kepron C | title = Ten Percent of SIDS Cases are Murder - or are They? | journal = Academic Forensic Pathology | volume = 7 | issue = 2 | pages = 163–170 | date = June 2017 | pmid = 31239971 | pmc = 6474533 | doi = 10.23907/2017.018 }}</ref> SIDS dey make up about 80% of sudden den unexpected infant deaths (SUIDs).<ref name="Kin20092" /> De oda 20% of cases often be caused by infections, genetic disorders, den heart problems.<ref name="Kin20092" /> De most effective method of reducing de risk of SIDS be putting a kiddie less dan one year old on dema back to sleep.<ref name="NIH2013Epi2" /> Oda measures dey include a firm mattress separate from buh close to caregivers, no loose bedding, a relatively cool sleeping environment, using a pacifier, den dey avoid exposure to tobacco smoke.<ref name=Moon2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Moon RY, Fu L | title = Sudden infant death syndrome: an update | journal = Pediatrics in Review | volume = 33 | issue = 7 | pages = 314–320 | date = July 2012 | pmid = 22753789 | doi = 10.1542/pir.33-7-314 }}</ref> Breastfeeding den immunization sanso fi be preventative.<ref name=Moon2012/><ref name=NIH2014Pre/> Measures wey no show to be useful dey include positioning devices den baby monitors.<ref name=Moon2012/><ref name=NIH2014Pre>{{cite web|title=How can I reduce the risk of SIDS?|url=https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/sids/conditioninfo/reduce|website=National Institute of Child Health and Human Development|access-date=9 March 2015|date=22 August 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150227031841/http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/sids/conditioninfo/pages/reduce-risk.aspx|archive-date=27 February 2015}}</ref> Evidence no be sufficient for de use of fans.<ref name=Moon2012/> Grief support for families wey be affected by SIDS be important, as de death of de infant be unexpected, unexplained, den fi cause suspicion na de infant fi been intentionally harmed.<ref name="Kin20092" /> Rates of SIDS dey vary nearly tenfold insyd developed countries from one insyd a thousand to one insyd ten thousand.<ref name="Kin20092" /><ref name=Dun2018>{{cite book | vauthors = Duncan JR, Byard RW | chapter = Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: An Overview|date=2018|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513399/ | veditors = Duncan JR, Byard RW | title = SIDS Sudden Infant and Early Childhood Death: The Past, the Present and the Future |publisher=University of Adelaide Press|isbn=978-1-925261-67-7|pmid=30035964|access-date=2019-08-01 |archive-date=2 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200702043737/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513399/|url-status=live}}</ref> Globally, e result in about 19,200 deaths insyd 2015, down from 22,000 deaths insyd 1990.<ref name="GBD2015De">{{cite journal | title = Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 | journal = Lancet | volume = 388 | issue = 10053 | pages = 1459–1544 | date = October 2016 | pmid = 27733281 | pmc = 5388903 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1 | display-authors = 6 | vauthors = Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, Casey DC, Charlson FJ, Chen AZ, Coates MM, Coggeshall M, Dandona L, Dicker DJ, Erskine HE, Ferrari AJ, Fitzmaurice C, Foreman K, Forouzanfar MH, Fraser MS, Fullman N, Gething PW, Goldberg EM, Graetz N, Haagsma JA, Hay SI, Huynh C, Johnson CO, Kassebaum NJ, Kinfu Y, Kulikoff XR }}</ref> Na SIDS be de third leading cause of death insyd kiddies less dan one year old insyd de [[United States]] insyd 2011.<ref name=CDC2012Epi>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoyert DL, Xu J | title = Deaths: preliminary data for 2011 | journal = National Vital Statistics Reports | volume = 61 | issue = 6 | pages = 1–51 | date = October 2012 | pmid = 24984457 | url = https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr61/nvsr61_06.pdf | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140202154454/http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr61/nvsr61_06.pdf | archive-date = 2014-02-02 }}</ref> E be de most common cause of death between one month den one year of age.<ref name="NIH2013Epi2" /> About 90% of cases dey happen before six months of age, wey e be most frequent between two months den four months of age.<ref name="Kin20092" /><ref name="NIH2013Epi2" /> E be more common insyd boys dan girls.<ref name="NIH2013Epi2" /> Na rates of SIDS decrease by up to 80% insyd areas plus "Safe to Sleep" campaigns.<ref name="Dun2018" /> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{Cite book |vauthors=Hodgman J, Hoppenbrouwers T |year=2004 |title=SIDS |url=https://archive.org/details/sids0000hopp |location=Calabasas, Calif. |publisher=Monte Nido Press |isbn=978-0-9742663-0-5}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Lewak N |year=2004 |title=Book Review: SIDS |url=http://archpedi.highwire.org/cgi/content/full/158/4/405 |doi=10.1001/archpedi.158.4.405 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081017135640/http://archpedi.highwire.org/cgi/content/full/158/4/405 |archive-date=17 October 2008 |journal=Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med |volume=158 |issue=4 |page=405 |url-access=subscription }} * {{Cite book |vauthors=Ottaviani G |year=2014 |title=Crib Death – Sudden infant Death Syndrome (SIDS): Sudden Infant and Perinatal Unexplained Death: The Pathologist's Viewpoint |edition=2nd |location=Cham, Switzerland |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-319-08346-9 |oclc=894851697}} == External links == <!-- BEFORE inserting new links here you should first post it to the talk page, otherwise your edit is likely to be reverted. --> {{Commons}} * {{Cite web|title=Sudden Unexpected Infant Death and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome|url=https://www.cdc.gov/sids/data.htm|website=Data and Statistics|publisher=Center for Disease Control and Prevention|access-date=March 26, 2017}} <!--===Scientific Studies=== In the refs-->{{Authority control}} [[Category:Ailments of unknown cause]] [[Category:Causes of death]] [[Category:Infant mortality]] [[Category:Sleep disorders]] [[Category:Syndromes]] [[Category:Causes of death specific to kiddies]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ezybh5ae1q957yjfivj1d9tx5p5qyu2 0 23427 112410 84782 2026-09-24T19:09:58Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112410 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dissociative amnesia''' anaa '''psychogenic amnesia''' be a [[dissociative disorder]] "wey be characterized by retrospectively reported memory gaps. Dese gaps dey involve an inability to recall personal information, usually of a traumatic anaa stressful nature."<ref name="Leong2006">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Leong S, Waits W, Diebold C |date=January 2006 |title=Dissociative Amnesia and DSM-IV-TR Cluster C Personality Traits |journal=Psychiatry (Edgmont) |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=51–5 |pmc=2990548 |pmid=21103150}}</ref> De concept be scientifically controversial den remain disputed.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Otgaar |first=Henry |last2=Howe |first2=Mark L. |last3=Patihis |first3=Lawrence |last4=Merckelbach |first4=Harald |last5=Jay Lynn |first5=Steven |last6=Lilienfeld |first6=Scott O. |last7=Loftus |first7=Elizabeth F. |date=4 Oct 2019 |title=The Return of the Repressed: The Persistent and Problematic Claims of Long-Forgotten Trauma |journal=Perspectives on Psychological Science |volume=14 |issue=6 |pages=1072–1095 |doi=10.1177/1745691619862306 |pmc=6826861 |pmid=31584864}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=McNally |first=Richard J. |date=2007 |title=Dispelling Confusion About Traumatic Dissociative Amnesia |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_mayo-clinic-proceedings_2007-09_82_9/page/1083 |journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings |language=en |volume=82 |issue=9 |pages=1083–1087 |doi=10.4065/82.9.1083 |pmid=17803876 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Na dissociative amnesia previously be known as psychogenic amnesia, a memory disorder, wich na e be characterized by sudden retrograde episodic memory loss, dem say to occur for a period of time wey dey range from hours to years to decades.<ref name="Arzya">{{cite journal |author1=Arzy, S. |author2=Collette, S. |author3=Wissmeyere, M. |author4=Lazeyras, F. |author5=Kaplan, P. W. |author6=Blank, O. |name-list-style=amp |year=2001 |title=Psychogenic amnesia and self-identity: a multimodal functional investigation |url=http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/170666 |url-status=live |journal=European Journal of Neurology |volume=18 |issue=12 |pages=1422–1425 |doi=10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03423.x |pmid=21554495 |s2cid=16572714 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220712103112/https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/170666 |archive-date=12 July 2022 |access-date=10 February 2019}}</ref> De atypical clinical syndrome of de memory disorder (as dem oppose to organic amnesia) be say a person plus dissociative amnesia be profoundly unable to remember personal information about demaselves; der be a lack of conscious self-knowledge wich dey affect even simple self-knowledge, such as who dem be.<ref name="Serraa">{{cite journal |year= 2007 |author= Serraa, L.|author2=Faddaa, L.|author3=Buccionea, I.|author4=Caltagironea, C.|author5=Carlesimoa, G. A.|name-list-style=amp|title= Psychogenic and organic amnesia. A multidimensional assessment of clinical, neuroradiological, neuropsychological and psychopathological features. |journal= Behavioural Neurology |volume= 18 |issue= 1|pages= 53–64 |doi=10.1155/2007/193140|pmid= 17297220|pmc= 5469968|doi-access= free}}</ref> Dissociative amnesia be distinguished from organic amnesia insyd say e be supposed to result from a nonorganic cause: na no structural brain damage for be evident buh sam form of [[psychological stress]] for precipitate de amnesia.<ref>{{cite journal |year= 1997 | author-link1= Hans Markowitsch |author1 = Markowitsch, H. J. | author2 = Fink, G. R. | author3 = Thone, A. | author4 = Kessler, J. | author5 = Heiss, W-D. |title= A PET study of persistent psycogenic amnesia covering the whole life span |journal= Cognitive Neuropsychiatry |volume= 2 |issue= 2 |pages= 135–158 | doi=10.1080/135468097396379| pmid= 25420201 }}</ref> Dissociative amnesia as a memory disorder be controversial.<ref name="Lucchelli">{{cite journal |year= 2003 |author1=Lucchelli, F. |author2=Spinnler, H. |title= The "psychogenic" versus "organic" conundrum of pure retrograde amnesia: Is it still worth pursuing? |journal= Cortex |volume= 38 |issue= 4 |pages= 665–669 |doi=10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70033-9|pmid=12465679 |s2cid=4482377 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} [[Category:Amnesia]] [[Category:Dissociative disorders]] [[Category:Stress-related disorders]] 414e2hzsrkunr0yq3sdutci2va8xd7o 0 23434 112417 100677 2026-09-24T19:26:10Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112417 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Impetigo''' be a contagious bacterial infection wey dey involve de superficial skin.<ref name=Ib2015/> De most common presentation be yellowish crusts on de face, arms, anaa legs.<ref name=Ib2015/> Less commonly der fi be large blisters wich dey affect de groin anaa armpits.<ref name=Ib2015>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ibrahim F, Khan T, Pujalte GG | title = Bacterial Skin Infections | journal = Primary Care | volume = 42 | issue = 4 | pages = 485–499 | date = December 2015 | pmid = 26612370 | doi = 10.1016/j.pop.2015.08.001 | s2cid = 29798971 }}</ref> De lesions fi be painful anaa itchy.<ref name="AFP20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hartman-Adams H, Banvard C, Juckett G |date=August 2014 |title=Impetigo: diagnosis and treatment |journal=American Family Physician |volume=90 |issue=4 |pages=229–235 |pmid=25250996}}</ref> Fever be uncommon.<ref name="AFP20142" /> E be typically secof either ''Staphylococcus aureus'' anaa ''Streptococcus pyogenes''.<ref name=Jong2022>{{cite book |last1=Stevens |first1=Daniel L. |editor1-last=Jong |editor1-first=Elaine C. |editor2-last=Stevens |editor2-first=Dennis L. |title=Netter's Infectious Diseases |date=2022 |publisher=Elsevier |location=Philadelphia |isbn=978-0-323-71159-3 |pages=78–80 |edition=2nd |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l8skEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA78 |language=en |chapter=18. Impetigo }}</ref> Risk factors dey include attending day care, crowding, poor nutrition, diabetes mellitus, contact sports, den breaks insyd de skin such as from mosquito bites, eczema, [[scabies]], anaa herpes.<ref name="AFP20142" /><ref name=Adam2002>{{cite journal | vauthors = Adams BB | title = Dermatologic disorders of the athlete | journal = Sports Medicine | volume = 32 | issue = 5 | pages = 309–321 | date = 2002 | pmid = 11929358 | doi = 10.2165/00007256-200232050-00003 | s2cid = 34948265 }}</ref> With contact it can spread around or between people.<ref name="AFP20142" /> Diagnosis typically be based on de symptoms den appearance.<ref name="AFP20142" /> Prevention be by hand washing, avoiding people wey be infected, den cleaning injuries.<ref name=AFP2014/> Dem sam times dey use Ivermectin Mass Drug Administrations to prevent cases insyd high-prevalence settings such as Fiji, wer impetigo be commonly a scabies sequela.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Middleton |first=Jo |date=May 2022 |title=Can ivermectin mass drug administrations to control scabies also reduce skin and soft tissue infections? Hospitalizations and primary care presentations lower after a large-scale trial in Fiji |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2666606522000694 |journal=The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific |language=en |volume=22 |article-number=100454 |doi=10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100454}}</ref> Treatment typically be plus antibiotic creams such as mupirocin anaa fusidic acid.<ref name=AFP2014/><ref name=Kon2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Koning S, van der Sande R, Verhagen AP, van Suijlekom-Smit LW, Morris AD, Butler CC, Berger M, van der Wouden JC | display-authors = 6 | title = Interventions for impetigo | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 1 | article-number = CD003261 | date = January 2012 | issue = 1 | pmid = 22258953 | pmc = 7025440 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD003261.pub3 }}</ref> Antibiotics by mouth, such as cefalexin, fi be used if large areas be affected.<ref name=AFP2014>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hartman-Adams H, Banvard C, Juckett G | title = Impetigo: diagnosis and treatment | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 90 | issue = 4 | pages = 229–235 | date = August 2014 | pmid = 25250996 }}</ref> Na dem find antibiotic-resistant forms.<ref name=AFP2014/> Healing generally dey occur widout scarring.<ref name=Jong2022/> Na impetigo affect about 140&nbsp;million people (2% of de world population) insyd 2010.<ref name=LancetEpi2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Vos T, Flaxman AD, Naghavi M, Lozano R, Michaud C, Ezzati M, etal | title = Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_december-15-2012-january-4-2013_380_9859/page/2163 | journal = Lancet | volume = 380 | issue = 9859 | pages = 2163–2196 | date = December 2012 | pmid = 23245607 | pmc = 6350784 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2 }}</ref> E fi occur at any age, buh e most common be insyd young kiddies aged two to five.<ref name=AFP2014/> Insyd sam places de condition sanso be known as "school sores".<ref name=Vic2017>{{cite web|title=Impetigo - school sores|url=https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/impetigo-school-sores|website=Bettel Health Channel|access-date=10 May 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705235520/https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/impetigo-school-sores|archive-date=5 July 2017}}</ref> Widout treatment people typically get better within three weeks.<ref name=AFP2014/> Recurring infections fi occur secof colonization of de nose by de bacteria.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2020-05-26|title=Impetigo symptoms and treatments|url=https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/infections-and-poisoning/impetigo|website=www.nhsinform.scot}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|access-date=2020-05-26|title=Impetigo and Ecthyma - Skin Disorders|url=https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/skin-disorders/bacterial-skin-infections/impetigo-and-ecthyma|website=Merck Manuals Consumer Version}}</ref> Complications fi include cellulitis or poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.<ref name=AFP2014/> De name be from de Latin {{Lang|la|impetere}} wey dey mean "attack".<ref>{{cite book |title= Concise English Dictionary|date=1993|publisher=Wordsworth Editions Limited |isbn=978-1-84022-497-9 |page=452 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qYHPuEwaBswC&pg=PA452 |language=en |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161003055957/https://books.google.ca/books?id=qYHPuEwaBswC&pg=PA452 |archive-date=2016-10-03}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20101102024504/http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec10/ch119/ch119i.html Impetigo and Ecthyma] at ''The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy'' Professional Edition [[Category:Bacterium-related cutaneous conditions]] [[Category:Pediatrics]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] dh91wdkrkfyir0wslw9mge4s7se2fb0 0 23435 112336 84815 2026-09-24T17:07:37Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112336 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Insomnia''', dem sanso know as '''sleeplessness''', be a sleep disorder wey dey cause difficulty falling asleep anaa staying asleep for as long as desired.<ref name="NIH2011Ov">{{cite web |date=24 March 2022 |title=What Is Insomnia? |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/insomnia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728012148/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/inso |archive-date=28 July 2016 |access-date=26 November 2023 |website=Health Topics |publisher=[[NHLBI]]}}</ref><ref name="Th2007">{{cite journal |vauthors=Roth T |date=August 2007 |title=Insomnia: definition, prevalence, etiology, and consequences |journal=[[Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine]] |type=Supplement |volume=3 |issue=5 Suppl |pages=S7–10 |doi=10.5664/jcsm.26929 |pmc=1978319 |pmid=17824495 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Pun2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Punnoose AR, Golub RM, Burke AE |date=June 2012 |title=Insomnia |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2012-06-27_307_24/page/2653 |journal=[[JAMA]] |type=JAMA patient page |volume=307 |issue=24 |page=2653 |doi=10.1001/jama.2012.6219 |pmid=22735439 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Insomnia typically be followed by daytime sleepiness, low energy, irritability, den a [[depression (mood)|depressed mood]].<ref name="NIH2011Ov" /> E fi result in an increased risk of accidents as well as problems focusing den learning.<ref name="Th2007" /> Insomnia fi be short-term, lasting for days anaa weeks, anaa long-term, wey dey last more dan a month.<ref name="NIH2011Ov" /> De concept of de word ''insomnia'' get two distinct possibilities: insomnia disorder anaa insomnia symptoms.<ref name="Banno2022">{{cite journal | vauthors = Banno M, Tsujimoto Y, Kohmura K, Dohi E, Taito S, Someko H, Kataoka Y | title = Unclear Insomnia Concept in Randomized Controlled Trials and Systematic Reviews: A Meta-Epidemiological Study | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 19 | issue = 19 | article-number = 12261 | date = September 2022 | pmid = 36231555 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph191912261 | pmc = 9566752 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Insomnia fi occur independently anaa as a result of anoda problem.<ref name=NIH2011Ca>{{cite web |title=What Causes Insomnia? |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/insomnia/causes |website=NHLBI |access-date=9 August 2016 |date=13 December 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728012201/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/inso/causes |archive-date=28 July 2016 }}</ref> Conditions wey fi result in insomnia dey include [[psychological stress]], chronic pain, heart failure, hyperthyroidism, heartburn, restless leg syndrome, menopause, certain [[medication]]s, den drugs such as caffeine, nicotine, den alcohol.<ref name=NIH2011Ca/><ref name=WHO2009>{{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/selection_medicines/committees/expert/17/application/Section24_GAD.pdf |title=Dyssomnias |access-date=25 January 2009 |publisher=WHO |pages=7–11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090318104517/http://www.who.int/selection_medicines/committees/expert/17/application/Section24_GAD.pdf |archive-date=18 March 2009 }}</ref> Risk factors dey include working night shifts den sleep apnea.<ref name=Th2007/> Diagnosis dey base on sleep habits den an examination to look for underlying causes.<ref name=NIH2011Diag/> Dem fi do a sleep study to look for underlying sleep disorders.<ref name=NIH2011Diag>{{cite web |title=How Is Insomnia Diagnosed? |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/insomnia |website=NHLBI |access-date=9 August 2016 |date=13 December 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811091424/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/inso/diagnosis |archive-date=11 August 2016 }}</ref> Dem fi do screening plus questions like "You dey experience difficulty sleeping anaa?" anaa "You get difficulty falling anaa staying asleep?"<ref name=Th2007/> Dem dey consider cognitive behavioral therapy de first-line treatment.<ref name="AC2016">{{cite journal |vauthors=Qaseem A, Kansagara D, Forciea MA, Cooke M, Denberg TD |date=July 2016 |title=Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians |journal=Annals of Internal Medicine |volume=165 |issue=2 |pages=125–133 |doi=10.7326/M15-2175 |pmid=27136449 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Tra2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Trauer JM, Qian MY, Doyle JS, Rajaratnam SM, Cunnington D |date=August 2015 |title=Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |journal=Annals of Internal Medicine |volume=163 |issue=3 |pages=191–204 |doi=10.7326/M14-2841 |pmid=26054060 |s2cid=21617330}}</ref><ref name="Behavioral and psychological treatm">{{cite journal | vauthors = Edinger JD, Arnedt JT, Bertisch SM, Carney CE, Harrington JJ, Lichstein KL, Sateia MJ, Troxel WM, Zhou ES, Kazmi U, Heald JL, Martin JL | title = Behavioral and psychological treatments for chronic insomnia disorder in adults: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine systematic review, meta-analysis, and GRADE assessment | journal = Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine | volume = 17 | issue = 2 | pages = 263–298 | date = February 2021 | pmid = 33164741 | pmc = 7853211 | doi = 10.5664/jcsm.8988 }}</ref> Sleep hygiene den lifestyle changes sanso be recommended for insomnia, though dema efficacy no be definitely established.<ref name="Behavioral and psychological treatm" /><ref name="NIH2011Tx">{{cite web |title=How Is Insomnia Treated? |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/inso/treatment |website=NHLBI |access-date=9 August 2016 |date=13 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728012302/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/inso/treatment |archive-date=28 July 2016 }}</ref><ref name="Wil2008">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wilson JF | title = In the clinic. Insomnia | journal = Annals of Internal Medicine | volume = 148 | issue = 1 | pages = ITC13–1–ITC13–16 | date = January 2008 | pmid = 18166757 | doi = 10.7326/0003-4819-148-1-200801010-01001 | s2cid = 42686046 }}</ref> Sleep hygiene dey include a consistent bedtime, a quiet den dark room, exposure to sunlight during de day den regular exercise.<ref name="Wil2008" /> Sleeping pills fi improve sleep, though sam be associated plus falls, cognitive impairment, den dependence.<ref name="AC2016" /><ref name="NIH2011Tx" /> Dese medications no be recommended for more dan four anaa five weeks buh fi be used longer insyd certain instances.<ref name="AC2016" /><ref name="riemann-23">{{Cite journal |last1=Riemann |first1=Dieter |last2=Espie |first2=Colin A. |last3=Altena |first3=Ellemarije |last4=Arnardottir |first4=Erna Sif |last5=Baglioni |first5=Chiara |last6=Bassetti |first6=Claudio L. A. |last7=Bastien |first7=Celyne |last8=Berzina |first8=Natalija |last9=Bjorvatn |first9=Bjørn |last10=Dikeos |first10=Dimitris |last11=Dolenc Groselj |first11=Leja |last12=Ellis |first12=Jason G. |last13=Garcia-Borreguero |first13=Diego |last14=Geoffroy |first14=Pierre A |last15=Gjerstad |first15=Michaela |date=2023 |title=The European Insomnia Guideline: An update on the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia 2023 |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jsr.14035 |journal=Journal of Sleep Research |language=en |volume=32 |issue=6 |doi=10.1111/jsr.14035 |issn=1365-2869 |pmid=38016484 |article-number=e14035}}</ref> Among dese, lemborexant den eszopiclone get de most favorable efficacy den safety profiles.<ref name="pmid35843245">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Crescenzo F, D'Alò GL, Ostinelli EG, Ciabattini M, Di Franco V, Watanabe N, Kurtulmus A, Tomlinson A, Mitrova Z, Foti F, Del Giovane C, Quested DJ, Cowen PJ, Barbui C, Amato L, Efthimiou O, Cipriani A |date=July 2022 |title=Comparative effects of pharmacological interventions for the acute and long-term management of insomnia disorder in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis |url= |journal=Lancet |volume=400 |issue=10347 |pages=170–184 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00878-9 |hdl=11380/1288245 |pmid=35843245 |s2cid=250536370 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> De efficacy den safety of [[Insomnia#Alternative medicine|alternative medicine]] treatments be unclear.<ref name="AC2016" /><ref name="riemann-23" /> Between 10% den 30% of adults get insomnia at any given point in time, den up to half of people get insomnia insyd a given year.<ref name="Th2007" /><ref name=WHO2009/><ref name=Tas2015>{{cite book |vauthors=Tasman A, Kay J, Lieberman JA, First MB, Riba M |title=Psychiatry, 2 Volume Set |date=2015 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-118-75336-1 |page=4253 |edition=4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l2KRBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT4253 |access-date=2017-09-01 |archive-date=2023-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230112211935/https://books.google.com/books?id=l2KRBgAAQBAJ&pg=PT4253 |url-status=live }}</ref> About 6% of people get insomnia wey no be secof anoda problem den dey last for more dan a month.<ref name=Th2007/> People over de age of 65 be affected more often dan younger people.<ref name=Wil2008/> Women be more often affected dan men.<ref name=WHO2009/> Descriptions of insomnia dey occur at least as far back as ancient Greece.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Attarian HP |title=Clinical Handbook of Insomnia |date=2003 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-1-59259-662-1 |chapter = chapter 1 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fx-sBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT20 |language=en }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == <!-- place any external links ABOVE the medical resources template --> {{Commons}} {{Digital media use and mental health}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Insomnia| ]] [[Category:Sleep disorders]] [[Category:Sleeplessness den sleep deprivation]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] qeplxvobqbt8wp9idnqqt9v68jbpnkg 0 23444 112389 110705 2026-09-24T18:40:57Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112389 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Anemia''' (dem sanso spell '''anaemia''' insyd British English) be a blood disorder insyd wich de blood get a reduced ability to carry oxygen. Dis fi be secof a lower dan normal number of red blood cells, a reduction insyd de amount of hemoglobin available for oxygen transport, anaa abnormalities insyd hemoglobin wey dey impair ein function.<ref name="EMed">{{cite web |title=Anemia: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology |url=https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/198475-overview |access-date=8 February 2022 |date=9 November 2021}}</ref><ref name="nhlbi">{{cite web |title=Anemia {{!}} NHLBI, NIH |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/anemia |website=www.nhlbi.nih.gov |access-date=8 February 2022}}</ref> Dem derive de name Ancient Greek ἀν''- (an-)'' 'not' den αἷμα ''(haima)'' 'blood'.<ref>{{cite web|title=anaemia|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/anaemia|website=Dictionary.com|access-date=7 July 2014|url-status = live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714223241/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/anaemia|archive-date=14 July 2014}}</ref> Wen anemia dey cam on slowly, de symptoms often be vague, such as tiredness, weakness, shortness of breath, headaches, den a reduced ability to exercise.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Janz |first=Timothy G. |last2=Johnson |first2=Roy L. |last3=Rubenstein |first3=Scott D. |date=November 2013 |title=Anemia in the emergency department: evaluation and treatment |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24716235 |journal=Emergency Medicine Practice |volume=15 |issue=11 |pages=1–15; quiz 15–16 |issn=1524-1971 |pmid=24716235}}</ref> Wen anemia be acute, symptoms fi include confusion, feeling like one dey go pass out, loss of consciousness, den increased thirst.<ref name=":0" /> Anemia for be significant before a person cam be noticeably pale.<ref name=":0" /> Additional symptoms fi occur dey depend on de underlying cause.<ref name=":0" /> Anemia fi be temporary anaa long-term den fi range from mild to severe.<ref name=":8">{{cite web |title=Anemia – Symptoms and causes |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/anemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20351360 |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}</ref> Anemia fi be caused by blood loss, decreased red blood cell production, den increased red blood cell breakdown.<ref name=":0" /> Causes of blood loss dey include [[menstruation]], bleeding secof inflammation of de stomach anaa intestines, bleeding from surgery, serious injury, anaa blood donation.<ref name=":0" /> Causes of decreased production dey include iron deficiency, folate deficiency, vitamin B₁₂ deficiency, thalassemia den a number of bone marrow tumors.<ref name=":0" /> Causes of increased breakdown dey include genetic disorders such as sickle cell anemia, infections such as [[malaria]], den certain [[autoimmune disease]]s like autoimmune hemolytic anemia.<ref name=":0" /> Anemia sanso fi be classified based on de size of de red blood cells den amount of hemoglobin insyd each cell.<ref name=":0" /> If de cells be small, dem dey call am microcytic anemia; if dem be large, dem dey call am macrocytic anemia; wey if dem be normal sized, dem dey call am normocytic anemia.<ref name=":0" /> De diagnosis of anemia insyd men be based on a hemoglobin of less dan 130&nbsp;g/L; insyd non-pregnant women, e be less dan 120&nbsp;g/L, while insyd pregnant women e be less dan 105–110.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Guideline on haemoglobin cutoffs to define anaemia in individuals and populations |url=https://iris.who.int/server/api/core/bitstreams/f9f74397-1440-478d-a63c-26f29a01552f/content |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20260101164910/https://iris.who.int/server/api/core/bitstreams/f9f74397-1440-478d-a63c-26f29a01552f/content |archive-date=2026-01-01 |access-date=2026-01-27 |website=World Health Organization}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=National Institute for Care and Health Excellence (NICE) |date=October 2025 |title=Anaemia - iron deficiency |url=https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/anaemia-iron-deficiency/ |access-date=23 December 2025 |website=Clinical Knowledge Summaries}}</ref> Further testing be then required to determine de cause.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="Stat2019">{{cite book |last1=Rhodes |first1=Carl E. |last2=Denault |first2=Deanna |last3=Varacallo |first3=Matthew |title=StatPearls |date=2024 |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538336/ |chapter=Physiology, Oxygen Transport |pmid=30855920 }}</ref> Treatment dey depend on de specific cause. Certain groups of individuals, such as pregnant women, fi benefit from de use of iron pills for prevention.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bhutta ZA, Das JK, Rizvi A, Gaffey MF, Walker N, Horton S, Webb P, Lartey A, Black RE | s2cid = 11748341 | title = Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost? | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_august-3-9-2013_382_9890/page/452 | journal = Lancet | volume = 382 | issue = 9890 | pages = 452–477 | date = August 2013 | pmid = 23746776 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60996-4 | bibcode = 2013Lanc..382..452B }}</ref> Dietary supplementation, widout determining de specific cause, no be recommended.<ref name=":0" /> De use of blood transfusions typically be based on a person ein signs den symptoms.<ref name=":0" /> Insyd those widout symptoms, dem no be recommended unless hemoglobin levels be less dan 60 to 80&nbsp;g/L (6 to 8&nbsp;g/dL).<ref name=":0" /><ref name="Amir2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Qaseem A, Humphrey LL, Fitterman N, Starkey M, Shekelle P |date=December 2013 |title=Treatment of anemia in patients with heart disease: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_annals-of-internal-medicine_2013-12-03_159_11/page/n71 |journal=Annals of Internal Medicine |volume=159 |issue=11 |pages=770–779 |doi=10.7326/0003-4819-159-11-201312030-00009 |pmid=24297193 |s2cid=4712203 |doi-access=}}</ref> These recommendations may also apply to some people with acute bleeding.<ref name=":0" /> Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents be only recommended insyd those plus severe anemia.<ref name="Amir2013" /> Anemia be de most common blood disorder, wey dey affect about a fifth to a third of de global population.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="GBD2015">{{cite journal |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1545–1602 |date=October 2016 |pmid=27733282 |pmc=5055577 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 |url=|last1=Vos |first1=Theo |last2=Allen |first2=Christine |last3=Arora |first3=Megha |last4=Barber |first4=Ryan M. |last5=Bhutta |first5=Zulfiqar A. |last6=Brown |first6=Alexandria |last7=Carter |first7=Austin |last8=Casey |first8=Daniel C. |last9=Charlson |first9=Fiona J. |last10=Chen |first10=Alan Z. |last11=Coggeshall |first11=Megan |last12=Cornaby |first12=Leslie |last13=Dandona |first13=Lalit |last14=Dicker |first14=Daniel J. |last15=Dilegge |first15=Tina |last16=Erskine |first16=Holly E. |last17=Ferrari |first17=Alize J. |last18=Fitzmaurice |first18=Christina |last19=Fleming |first19=Tom |last20=Forouzanfar |first20=Mohammad H. |last21=Fullman |first21=Nancy |last22=Gething |first22=Peter W. |last23=Goldberg |first23=Ellen M. |last24=Graetz |first24=Nicholas |last25=Haagsma |first25=Juanita A. |last26=Hay |first26=Simon I. |last27=Johnson |first27=Catherine O. |last28=Kassebaum |first28=Nicholas J. |last29=Kawashima |first29=Toana |last30=Kemmer |first30=Laura |display-authors=1 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Peyrin-Biroulet |first1=Laurent |last2=Williet |first2=Nicolas |last3=Cacoub |first3=Patrice |title=Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency across indications: a systematic review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-clinical-nutrition_2015-12_102_6/page/1585 |journal=The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition |date=1 December 2015 |volume=102 |issue=6 |pages=1585–1594 |doi=10.3945/ajcn.114.103366 |pmid=26561626 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Iron-deficiency anemia be de most common cause of anemia worldwide, wey dey affect nearly one billion people.<ref name="LancetEpi2012">{{cite journal | vauthors = Vos T |display-authors=etal | title = Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 | journal = Lancet | volume = 380 | issue = 9859 | pages = 2163–2196 | date = December 2012 | pmid = 23245607 |pmc=6350784 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2 }}</ref> Insyd 2013, na anemia secof iron deficiency result in about 183,000 deaths – down from 213,000 deaths insyd 1990.<ref name="GBD2013">{{cite journal |title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 |journal=Lancet |volume=385 |issue=9963 |pages=117–71 |date=January 2015 |pmid=25530442 |pmc=4340604 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_january-10-16-2015_385_9963/page/117|author1=((GBD 2013 Mortality Causes of Death Collaborators))}}</ref> Dis condition most be prevalent insyd kiddies<ref>{{cite web|title=WHO Global Anaemia estimates, 2021 Edition |url=https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/anaemia_in_women_and_children|work=World Health Organization|access-date=27 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Islam |first1=Md Azmir Ibne |title=Modeling the impact of campaign program on the prevalence of anemia in children under five: Anemia model |journal=Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Modeling |date=6 December 2021 |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=29–40 |doi=10.48185/jmam.v2i3.362 |url=https://www.sabapub.com/index.php/jmam/article/view/362 |language=en |issn=2709-5924|doi-access=free }}</ref> plus also an above average prevalence insyd elderly<ref name=":0" /> den women of reproductive age (especially during [[pregnancy]]).<ref name="LancetEpi2012" /> Anemia be one of de six WHO global nutrition targets for 2025 den for diet-related global targets wey be endorsed by World Health Assembly insyd 2012 den 2013. Na efforts to reach global targets contribute to reaching Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs),<ref>{{cite web|title=WHO {{!}} Interventions by global target|url=https://www.who.int/elena/global-targets/en/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814083405/http://www.who.int/elena/global-targets/en/ |archive-date=August 14, 2016 |website=www.who.int |publisher=World Health Organization}}</ref> wey anemia as one of de targets insyd SDG 2 for achieving zero world hunger.<ref>{{cite web|date=14 June 2016|publisher=Devex|title=The case for action on anemia|url=https://www.devex.com/news/sponsored/the-case-for-action-on-anemia-leave-no-one-behind-88283}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q5445|c=Category:Anemia|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=anemia|species=no}} * [https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/anaemia WHO fact sheet on anaemia] * [https://medlineplus.gov/anemia.html Anemia, U.S. National Library of Medicine] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Anemias]] [[Category:Hematopathology]] [[Category:Transfusion medicine]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] nf3v11j5xl0nosbseynozkouycqaxco 0 23459 112407 110887 2026-09-24T19:05:10Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112407 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pseudoephedrine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Sudafed''' among odas, be a sympathomimetic medication wich be used as a decongestant to treat nasal congestion.<ref name="GłowackaWiela-Hojeńska2021">{{cite journal | vauthors = Głowacka K, Wiela-Hojeńska A | title = Pseudoephedrine—Benefits and Risks | journal = Int J Mol Sci | volume = 22 | issue = 10 | page = 5146 | date = May 2021 | pmid = 34067981 | pmc = 8152226 | doi = 10.3390/ijms22105146 | doi-access = free | url = }}</ref><ref name="LaccourreyeWernerGiroud2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Laccourreye O, Werner A, Giroud JP, Couloigner V, Bonfils P, Bondon-Guitton E | title = Benefits, limits and danger of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine as nasal decongestants | journal = Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis | volume = 132 | issue = 1 | pages = 31–34 | date = February 2015 | pmid = 25532441 | doi = 10.1016/j.anorl.2014.11.001 | url = }}</ref><ref name="Eccles2007">{{cite journal | vauthors = Eccles R | title = Substitution of phenylephrine for pseudoephedrine as a nasal decongeststant. An illogical way to control methamphetamine abuse | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_british-journal-of-clinical-pharmacology_2007-01_63_1/page/n88 | journal = British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology | volume = 63 | issue = 1 | pages = 10–14 | date = January 2007 | pmid = 17116124 | pmc = 2000711 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2006.02833.x }}</ref> Na dem sanso dey use am off-label give certain oda indications, like treatment of low blood pressure.<ref name="FreemanKaufmann2007">{{cite journal |vauthors=Freeman R, Kaufmann H |date=2007 |title=Disorders of Orthostatic Tolerance—Orthostatic Hypotension, Postural Tachycardia Syndrome, and Syncope |journal=Continuum: Lifelong Learning in Neurology |volume=13 |issue=6 |pages=50–88 |doi=10.1212/01.CON.0000299966.05395.6c |issn=1080-2371}}</ref><ref name="VanBerkelFuller2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Van Berkel MA, Fuller LA, Alexandrov AW, Jones GM |date=2015 |title=Methylene blue, midodrine, and pseudoephedrine: a review of alternative agents for refractory hypotension in the intensive care unit |url= |journal=Crit Care Nurs Q |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=345–358 |doi=10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000086 |pmid=26335214}}</ref><ref name="Fedorowski2019">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fedorowski A |date=April 2019 |title=Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: clinical presentation, aetiology and management |url= |journal=J Intern Med |volume=285 |issue=4 |pages=352–366 |doi=10.1111/joim.12852 |pmid=30372565}}</ref> At higher doses, e fi produce various additional effects wey dey include stimulant,<ref name="GłowackaWiela-Hojeńska2021" /><ref name="GłowackaWiela-Hojeńska20212">{{cite journal |vauthors=Głowacka K, Wiela-Hojeńska A |date=May 2021 |title=Pseudoephedrine—Benefits and Risks |url= |journal=Int J Mol Sci |volume=22 |issue=10 |page=5146 |doi=10.3390/ijms22105146 |pmc=8152226 |pmid=34067981 |doi-access=free}}</ref> appetite suppressant,<ref name="MunafòFraraPerico2021">{{cite journal |vauthors=Munafò A, Frara S, Perico N, Di Mauro R, Cortinovis M, Burgaletto C, Cantarella G, Remuzzi G, Giustina A, Bernardini R |date=December 2021 |title=In search of an ideal drug for safer treatment of obesity: The false promise of pseudoephedrine |url= |journal=Rev Endocr Metab Disord |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=1013–1025 |doi=10.1007/s11154-021-09658-w |pmc=8724077 |pmid=33945051}}</ref> den performance-enhancing effects.<ref name="TrinhKimRitsma2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Trinh KV, Kim J, Ritsma A |date=2015 |title=Effect of pseudoephedrine in sport: a systematic review |url= |journal=BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med |volume=1 |issue=1 |doi=10.1136/bmjsem-2015-000066 |pmc=5117033 |pmid=27900142 |article-number=e000066}}</ref><ref name="GheorghievHosseiniMoran2018">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gheorghiev MD, Hosseini F, Moran J, Cooper CE |date=October 2018 |title=Effects of pseudoephedrine on parameters affecting exercise performance: a meta-analysis |url= |journal=Sports Med Open |volume=4 |issue=1 |doi=10.1186/s40798-018-0159-7 |pmc=6173670 |pmid=30291523 |doi-access=free |article-number=44}}</ref> In relation to dis, na non-medical use of pseudoephedrine be encountered.<ref name="GłowackaWiela-Hojeńska2021" /><ref name="GłowackaWiela-Hojeńska20212" /><ref name="MunafòFraraPerico2021" /><ref name="TrinhKimRitsma2015" /><ref name="GheorghievHosseiniMoran2018" /> Dem dey take de medication by mouth.<ref name="GłowackaWiela-Hojeńska2021" /><ref name="Eccles2007" /> Side effects of pseudoephedrine dey include [[insomnia]], elevated heart rate, increased blood pressure, restlessness, dizziness, anxiety, den dry mouth, among odas.<ref name="GłowackaWiela-Hojeńska2021" /><ref name="Eccles2007" /><ref name="TavernerLatte2007">{{cite journal | vauthors = Taverner D, Latte J | veditors = Latte GJ | title = Nasal decongestants for the common cold | journal = Cochrane Database Syst Rev | volume = | issue = 1 | article-number = CD001953 | date = January 2007 | pmid = 17253470 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD001953.pub3 | url = }}</ref><ref name="SalernoJackson20052">{{cite journal |vauthors=Salerno SM, Jackson JL, Berbano EP |date=2005 |title=Effect of oral pseudoephedrine on blood pressure and heart rate: a meta-analysis |url= |journal=Arch Intern Med |volume=165 |issue=15 |pages=1686–1694 |doi=10.1001/archinte.165.15.1686 |pmid=16087815}}</ref> Rarely, na pseudoephedrine be associated plus serious cardiovascular complications like heart attack den hemorrhagic stroke.<ref name="VanBerkelFuller2015" /><ref name="MunafòFraraPerico2021" /><ref name="VanBerkelFuller20152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Van Berkel MA, Fuller LA, Alexandrov AW, Jones GM |date=2015 |title=Methylene blue, midodrine, and pseudoephedrine: a review of alternative agents for refractory hypotension in the intensive care unit |url= |journal=Crit Care Nurs Q |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=345–358 |doi=10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000086 |pmid=26335214}}</ref> Sam people fi be more sensitive to ein cardiovascular effects.<ref name="GłowackaWiela-Hojeńska2021" /><ref name="SalernoJackson20052" /> Pseudoephedrine dey act as a norepinephrine releasing agent, thereby indirectly dey activate adrenergic receptors.<ref name="GłowackaWiela-Hojeńska2021" /><ref name="Eccles2007" /><ref name="RothmanVuPartilla2003">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rothman RB, Vu N, Partilla JS, Roth BL, Hufeisen SJ, Compton-Toth BA, Birkes J, Young R, Glennon RA |date=October 2003 |title=In vitro characterization of ephedrine-related stereoisomers at biogenic amine transporters and the receptorome reveals selective actions as norepinephrine transporter substrates |url= |journal=J Pharmacol Exp Ther |volume=307 |issue=1 |pages=138–145 |doi=10.1124/jpet.103.053975 |pmid=12954796}}</ref><ref name="ODonnell1995">{{cite journal |vauthors=O'Donnell SR |date=March 1995 |title=Sympathomimetic vasoconstrictors as nasal decongestants |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_medical-journal-of-australia_1995-03-06_162_5/page/264|journal=Med J Aust |volume=162 |issue=5 |pages=264–267 |doi=10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb139882.x |pmid=7534374}}</ref> As such, e be an indirectly acting sympathomimetic.<ref name="GłowackaWiela-Hojeńska2021" /><ref name="Eccles2007" /><ref name="RothmanVuPartilla2003" /><ref name="ODonnell1995" /> Pseudoephedrine significantly dey cross into de brain, buh e get sam peripheral selectivity secof ein hydrophilicity.<ref name="ODonnell1995" /><ref name="BouchardWeberGeiger2002">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bouchard R, Weber AR, Geiger JD |date=July 2002 |title=Informed decision-making on sympathomimetic use in sport and health |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-journal-of-sport-medicine_2002-07_12_4/page/209|journal=Clin J Sport Med |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=209–224 |doi=10.1097/00042752-200207000-00003 |pmid=12131054}}</ref> Chemically, pseudoephedrine be a substituted amphetamine wey e be closely related to ephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, den amphetamine.<ref name="GłowackaWiela-Hojeńska2021" /><ref name="LaccourreyeWernerGiroud2015" /><ref name="Eccles2007" /> E be de (1''S'',2''S'')-enantiomer of β-hydroxy-''N''-methylamphetamine.<ref name="PubChem">{{cite web |title=Pseudoephedrine |url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/7028 |access-date=25 July 2024 |website=PubChem}}</ref> Along plus ephedrine, pseudoephedrine dey occur naturally insyd ephedra, wich na e be used for thousands of years insyd traditional Chinese medicine.<ref name="LaccourreyeWernerGiroud2015" /><ref name="AbourashedEl-AlfyKhan2003">{{cite journal | vauthors = Abourashed EA, El-Alfy AT, Khan IA, Walker L | title = Ephedra in perspective--a current review | journal = Phytother Res | volume = 17 | issue = 7 | pages = 703–712 | date = August 2003 | pmid = 12916063 | doi = 10.1002/ptr.1337 | url = }}</ref> Na e first be isolated from ephedra insyd 1889.<ref name="LaccourreyeWernerGiroud2015" /><ref name="AbourashedEl-AlfyKhan2003" /><ref name="ChenKao1926">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chen KK, Kao CH | title=Ephedrine and Pseudoephedrine, their Isolation, Constitution, Isomerism, Properties, Derivatives and Synthesis. (with a Bibliography) **The expense of this work has been defrayed by a part of a grant from the Committee on Therapeutic Research, Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry, American Medical Association. | journal=The Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (1912) | volume=15 | issue=8 | date=1926 | doi=10.1002/jps.3080150804 | pages=625–639}}</ref> Subsequent to ein synthesis insyd de 1920s, na dem introduce pseudoephedrine for medical use as a decongestant.<ref name="LaccourreyeWernerGiroud2015" /> Pseudoephedrine widely be available over-the-counter (OTC) insyd both single-drug den combination preparations.<ref name="LaccourreyeWernerGiroud2015" /><ref name="Eccles2007" /><ref name="SalernoJackson20052" /><ref name="Drugs@FDA">{{cite web |title=Drugs@FDA: FDA-Approved Drugs |url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161104020633/http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/index.cfm |archive-date=4 November 2016 |access-date=14 July 2024 |website=accessdata.fda.gov |publisher=Food and Drug Administration}}</ref> Na availability of pseudoephedrine be restricted starting insyd 2005 as e fi be used to synthesize [[methamphetamine]].<ref name="LaccourreyeWernerGiroud2015" /><ref name="Eccles2007" /> Na phenylephrine replace pseudoephedrine insyd chaw over-the-counter oral decongestant products.<ref name="Eccles2007" /> However, oral phenylephrine dey appear to be ineffective as a decongestant.<ref name="Hatton2022">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hatton RC, Hendeles L |date=March 2022 |title=Why Is Oral Phenylephrine on the Market After Compelling Evidence of Its Ineffectiveness as a Decongestant? |journal=Ann Pharmacother |volume=56 |issue=11 |pages=1275–1278 |doi=10.1177/10600280221081526 |pmid=35337187 |s2cid=247712448}}</ref><ref name="HendelesHatton2006">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hendeles L, Hatton RC |date=July 2006 |title=Oral phenylephrine: an ineffective replacement for pseudoephedrine? |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-allergy-and-clinical-immunology_2006-07_118_1/page/279|journal=J Allergy Clin Immunol |volume=118 |issue=1 |pages=279–280 |doi=10.1016/j.jaci.2006.03.002 |pmid=16815167}}</ref> Insyd 2023, na pseudoephedrine be de 292nd most commonly prescribed medication insyd de [[United States]], plus more dan 400,000 prescriptions.<ref name="Top 300 of 2023">{{cite web |title=The Top 300 of 2023 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250817043812/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |archive-date=17 August 2025 |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=ClinCalc}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Pseudoephedrine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Pseudoephedrine |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=ClinCalc}}</ref> Insyd 2023, na de combination plus brompheniramine den [[dextromethorphan]] be de 281st most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 700,000 prescriptions.<ref name="Top 300 of 2023" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Brompheniramine; Dextromethorphan; Pseudoephedrine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/BrompheniramineDextromethorphanPseudoephedrine |access-date=17 August 2025 |website=ClinCalc}}</ref> Insyd 2023, na de combination plus loratadine be de 300th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 400,000 prescriptions.<ref name="Top 300">{{cite web |title=Top 300 of 2023 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx |archive-date=12 August 2025 |access-date=12 August 2025 |website=ClinCalc}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Loratadine; Pseudoephedrine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2023 |url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/LoratadinePseudoephedrine |access-date=20 August 2025 |website=ClinCalc}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} [[Category:Amphetamine alkaloids]] [[Category:Anorectics]] [[Category:Anti-obesity drugs]] [[Category:Antihypotensive agents]] [[Category:Beta-Hydroxyamphetamines]] [[Category:Cardiac stimulants]] [[Category:Decongestants]] [[Category:Drugs wey dey act on de cardiovascular system]] [[Category:Drugs wey dey act on de nervous system]] [[Category:Drugs insyd sport]] [[Category:Enantiopure drugs]] [[Category:Ergogenic aids]] [[Category:Euphoriants]] [[Category:Methamphetamine]] [[Category:Methamphetamines]] [[Category:Norepinephrine releasing agents]] [[Category:Peripherally selective drugs]] [[Category:Stimulants]] [[Category:Sympathomimetics]] [[Category:Traditional Chinese medicine]] [[Category:Wakefulness-promoting agents]] [[Category:World Anti-Doping Agency prohibited substances]] [[Category:Over-the-counter drugs insyd de United States]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 1irjclowb5bqw8so58g77o6rup3a0bi 0 23460 112421 110704 2026-09-24T19:32:11Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112421 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mass psychogenic illness''' ('''MPI'''), dem sanso call '''mass sociogenic illness''', '''mass psychogenic disorder''', '''epidemic hysteria''' anaa '''mass hysteria''', wey dey involve de spread of illness symptoms thru a population wer der be no infectious agent responsible for contagion.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zhao |first=Gang |last2=Cheng |first2=Qinglin |last3=Dong |first3=Xianming |last4=Xie |first4=Li |date=2021-12-01 |title=Mass hysteria attack rates in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis |journal=Journal of International Medical Research |language=en |volume=49 |issue=12 |doi=10.1177/03000605211039812 |issn=0300-0605 |pmc=8829737 |pmid=34898296 |article-number=03000605211039812}}</ref><ref name="Kelly et al.">{{Cite book |last=Kelly |first=J.R. |title=Collective Emotions |last2=Iannone |first2=R.E. |last3=McCarty |first3=M.K. |date=2014 |publisher=OUP Oxford |isbn=978-0-19-965918-0 |editor-last=von Scheve, Christian |chapter=The function of shared affect in groups |access-date=2020-09-03 |editor-last2=Salmella, Mikko |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yHq9AgAAQBAJ&q=%22mass+psychogenic+illness%22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029084251/https://books.google.com/books?id=yHq9AgAAQBAJ&q=%22mass+psychogenic+illness%22 |archive-date=2020-10-29 |url-status=live}}</ref> E be de rapid spread of illness signs den symptoms wey dey affect members of a cohesive group, wey dey originate from a nervous system disturbance wey dey involve excitation, loss, anaa alteration of function, whereby physical complaints wey be exhibited unconsciously get no corresponding organic causes wey be known.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tarafder |first=Binoy Krishna |last2=Khan |first2=Mohammad Ashik Imran |last3=Islam |first3=Md. Tanvir |last4=Mahmud |first4=Sheikh Abdullah Al |last5=Sarker |first5=Md. Humayun Kabir |last6=Faruq |first6=Imtiaz |last7=Miah |first7=Md. Titu |last8=Arafat |first8=S. M. Yasir |date=2016 |title=Mass Psychogenic Illness: Demography and Symptom Profile of an Episode |journal=Psychiatry Journal |language=en |volume=2016 |issue=1 |doi=10.1155/2016/2810143 |issn=2314-4335 |pmc=4884863 |pmid=27294104 |doi-access=free |article-number=2810143}}</ref><ref name="Protean">{{Cite journal |last=Bartholomew |first=Robert |last2=Wessely |first2=Simon |date=2002 |title=Protean nature of mass sociogenic illness |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/2BDC2262E104B8A33F3DD49773DA0D8B/S0007125000268578a.pdf/protean_nature_of_mass_sociogenic_illness.pdf |url-status=live |journal=The British Journal of Psychiatry |volume=180 |issue=4 |pages=300–306 |doi=10.1192/bjp.180.4.300 |pmid=11925351 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130211908/https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/2BDC2262E104B8A33F3DD49773DA0D8B/S0007125000268578a.pdf/protean_nature_of_mass_sociogenic_illness.pdf |archive-date=2019-01-30 |access-date=2018-10-10 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == References == <references /> '''Bibliography''' *Ali-Gombe, A. et al. "Mass hysteria: one syndrome or two?" ''British Journal of Psychiatry'' 1997; 170 387–78. Web. 17 Dec. 2009. *Balaratnasingam, Sivasankaran and Aleksandar Janca. "Mass hysteria revisited." ''Current Opinion in Psychiatry'' 19(2) (2006): 171–74. ''Research Gate.'' Web. 28 Nov. 2009. *Bartholomew, Robert. ''Little Green Men, Meowing Nuns and Head-Hunting Panics.'' Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. Publishers. 2001. Print. *Bartholomew, Robert and Simon Wessely. "Protean nature of mass sociogenic illness." ''The British Journal of Psychiatry'' 2002; 180: 300–06. Web. 28 Nov. 2009. [http://bjp.rcpsych.org/cgi/content/full/180/4/300#REF59] *Jones, Timothy. "Mass Psychogenic Illness: Role of the Individual Physician." ''American Family Physician.'' American Family of Family Physicians: 15 Dec. 2000. Web. 28 Nov. 2009. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110606055745/http://www.aafp.org/afp/20001215/2649.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606055745/http://www.aafp.org/afp/20001215/2649.html |date=2011-06-06 }} *Kerchoff, Alan C. "Analyzing a Case of Mass Psychogenic Illness." ''Mass Psychogenic Illness: A Social Psychological Analysis.'' Ed. Colligan et al. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1982. 5–19. Print. *Mass, Weir E. "Mass sociogenic illness." ''CMAJ'' 2005; 172: 36. Web. 14 Dec. 2009. [http://www.cmaj.ca/content/172/1/36.full] *Moss, P. D. and C. P. McEvedy. "An epidemic of overbreathing among schoolgirls." ''British Medical Journal'' 2(5525) (1966):1295–1300. Web. 17 Dec. 2009. *Phoon, W. H. "Outbreaks of Mass Hysteria at Workplaces in Singapore: Some Patterns and Modes of Presentation." ''Mass Psychogenic Illness: A Social Psychological Analysis.'' Ed. Colligan et al. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1982. 21–31. Print. *{{cite journal | last1 = Radovanovic | first1 = Z | year = 1996 | title = On the Origin of Mass Casualty Incidents in Kosovo, Yugoslavia, in 1990 | url = https://archive.org/details/european-journal-of-epidemiology_1996-02_12_1/page/101 | journal = European Journal of Epidemiology | volume = 12 | issue = 1| pages = 101–13 | doi=10.1007/bf00144437| pmid = 8817187 | s2cid = 7676802 }} *Singer, Jerome. "Yes Virginia, There Really Is a Mass Psychogenic Illness." ''Mass Psychogenic Illness: A Social Psychological Analysis.'' Ed. Colligan et al. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, 1982. 21–31. Print. *{{cite journal | last1 = Stahl | first1 = Sydney | last2 = Lebedun | first2 = Morty | year = 1974 | title = Mystery Gas: An Analysis of Mass Hysteria | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-health-and-social-behavior_1974-03_15_1/page/44 | journal = Journal of Health and Social Behavior | volume = 15 | issue = 1| pages = 44–50 | doi=10.2307/2136925| jstor = 2136925 | pmid = 4464323 }} *{{cite journal | last1 = Waller | first1 = John | year = 2009 | title = Looking Back: Dancing plagues and mass hysteria | url = http://www.thepsychologist.org.uk/archive/archive_home.cfm?volumeID=22&editionID=177&ArticleID=1541 | journal = The Psychologist | volume = 22 | issue = 7| pages = 644–47 }} *{{cite journal|title=Coca-Cola health scare may be mass sociogenic illness|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_british-medical-journal_1999-07-17_319_7203/page/146|journal=British Medical Journal|date=1999-07-17|first=Rory|last=Watson|volume=319|issue=7203|page=146|pmid=10406745|pmc=1174603|doi=10.1136/bmj.319.7203.146a}} *{{cite journal|title=Mass sociogenic illness|journal=Canadian Medical Association Journal|date=2005-01-04|first=Erica|last=Weir|volume=172|issue=1|page=36|pmid=15632400|doi=10.1503/cmaj.045027|pmc=543940 }} *{{cite journal | last1 = Wessely | first1 = Simon | year = 1987 | title = Mass hysteria: two syndromes? | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_psychological-medicine_1987-02_17_1/page/109 | journal = Psychological Medicine | volume = 17 | issue = 1| pages = 109–20 | doi=10.1017/s0033291700013027| pmid = 3575566 | s2cid = 32597423 }} == External links == {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected = neurotic}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mass psychogenic illness}} [[Category:Behavioral addiction]] [[Category:Crowd psychology]] [[Category:Group processes]] [[Category:Mass psychogenic illness| ]] [[Category:Social phenomena]] [[Category:Somatic symptom disorders]] h8qr1lrpm95qpe0w3mtsrzq70ya7nem 0 23495 112399 85017 2026-09-24T18:55:14Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112399 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atrial fibrillation''' ('''AF''', '''AFib''' anaa '''A-fib''') be an abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia) characterized by rapid and irregular beating of de atrial chambers of de heart.<ref>{{Cite web |last=CDC |date=20 May 2024 |title=About Atrial Fibrillation |url=https://www.cdc.gov/heart-disease/about/atrial-fibrillation.html |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=Heart Disease |language=en-us}}</ref> E often dey begin as short periods of abnormal beating, wich cam be longer anaa continuous over time.<ref name="Zoni20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zoni-Berisso M, Lercari F, Carazza T, Domenicucci S|title=Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: European perspective|journal=Clinical Epidemiology|volume=6|pages=213–220|date=2014|pmid=24966695|pmc=4064952|doi=10.2147/CLEP.S47385|doi-access=free}}</ref> E sanso fi start as oda forms of arrhythmia, such as atrial flutter, wey transform into AF.<ref name=Bun2015>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bun SS, Latcu DG, Marchlinski F, Saoudi N | title = Atrial flutter: more than just one of a kind | journal = European Heart Journal | volume = 36 | issue = 35 | pages = 2356–2363 | date = September 2015 | pmid = 25838435 | doi = 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv118 | publisher = Oxford University Press (OUP) | doi-access = free }}</ref> Episodes fi be asymptomatic.<ref name="Mun20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Munger TM, Wu LQ, Shen WK|title=Atrial fibrillation|journal=Journal of Biomedical Research|volume=28|issue=1|pages=1–17|date=January 2014|pmid=24474959|pmc=3904170|doi=10.7555/JBR.28.20130191}}</ref> Symptomatic episodes fi involve heart palpitations, fainting, lightheadedness, loss of consciousness, anaa shortness of breath.<ref name=Gray2010>{{cite book | vauthors = Gray D |title = Chamberlain's Symptoms and Signs in Clinical Medicine: An Introduction to Medical Diagnosis |year = 2010 |publisher = Hodder Arnold |location = London |isbn = 978-0-340-97425-4 |pages = [https://books.google.com/books?id=IXynWiryyjoC&pg=PA70 70–71] |edition = 13th }}</ref> Atrial fibrillation dey associate plus an increased risk of heart failure, [[dementia]], den [[stroke]].<ref name="Mun20142" /><ref name=":22">{{Cite report |pmid=30480925|vauthors=Sanders GD, Lowenstern A, Borre E, Chatterjee R, Goode A, Sharan L, Lapointe NA, Raitz G, Shah B, Yapa R, Davis JK|title=Stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review update.|location=Rockville (MD)|work=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US)|date=October 2018|quote=Report No.: 18-EHC018-EFReport No.: 2018-SR-04|series=AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews.}}</ref> E be a type of supraventricular tachycardia.<ref>{{cite book |editor1 = Richard D. Urman |editor2 = Linda S. Aglio |editor3 = Robert W. Lekowski |title = Essential clinical anesthesia review: keywords, questions and answers for the boards |date = 2015 |isbn = 978-1-107-68130-9 |page = 480 |publisher = Cambridge University Press |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=VJzWBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA480 |url-status = live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170908144250/https://books.google.com/books?id=VJzWBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA480 |archive-date = 8 September 2017 }}</ref> Atrial fibrillation frequently dey result from bursts of tachycardia wey dey originate insyd muscle bundles wey dey extend from de atrium to de pulmonary veins.<ref name="pmid22381430">{{cite journal | vauthors=McGarry TJ, Narayan SM | title=The anatomical basis of pulmonary vein reconnection after ablation for atrial fibrillation: wounds that never felt a scar? | journal=[[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]] | volume=50 | issue=10| pages=939–941 | year=2012 | doi = 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.11.032 | pmc=3393092 | pmid=22381430 }}</ref> Pulmonary vein isolation by transcatheter ablation fi restore sinus rhythm.<ref name="pmid22381430" /> De ganglionated plexi (autonomic ganglia of de heart atrium den ventricles) sanso fi be a source of atrial fibrillation, wey sanso sam times be ablated for dat reason.<ref name="pmid29326833">{{cite journal | vauthors=Stavrakis S, Po S | title=Ganglionated Plexi Ablation: Physiology and Clinical Applications | journal=Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review | volume=6 | issue=4 | pages=186–190 | year=2017| doi = 10.15420/aer2017.26.1 | pmc=5739885 | pmid=29326833 }}</ref> No be de pulmonary vein per, buh de left atrial appendage den ligament of Marshall fi be a source of atrial fibrillation wey sanso be ablated for dat reason.<ref name="pmid29759858">{{cite journal | vauthors=Naksuk N, Padmanabhan D, Asirvatham SJ | title=Left Atrial Appendage: Embryology, Anatomy, Physiology, Arrhythmia and Therapeutic Intervention | journal=[[Journal of the American College of Cardiology#Associated journals|JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology]] | volume=2 | issue=4 | pages=403–412 | year=2016 | doi = 10.1016/j.jacep.2016.06.006 | pmid=29759858 }}</ref><ref name="pmid23907042">{{cite journal | vauthors=Corradi D, Callegari S, Macchi E | title=Morphology and pathophysiology of target anatomical sites for ablation procedures in patients with atrial fibrillation: part II: pulmonary veins, caval veins, ganglionated plexi, and ligament of Marshall | journal=[[International Journal of Cardiology]] | volume=168 | issue=3 | pages=1769–1778 | year=2016 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.06.141 | pmid=23907042 }}</ref> As atrial fibrillation cam be more persistent, de junction between de pulmonary veins den de left atrium cam be less of an initiator den de left atrium cam be an independent source of arrhythmias.<ref name="pmid37076929">{{cite journal | vauthors=Eranki A, Wilson-Smith A, Manganas C | title=Mid term freedom from atrial fibrillation following hybrid ablation, a systematic review and meta analysis | journal=[[Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery]] | volume=18 | issue=1 | article-number=155 | year=2023 | doi = 10.1186/s13019-023-02189-2 | doi-access=free | pmc=10114378 | pmid=37076929 }}</ref> [[Hypertension|High blood pressure]] den valvular heart disease be de most common modifiable risk factors for AF.<ref name=Anu2014/><ref name=Ng2013>{{cite journal | vauthors = Nguyen TN, Hilmer SN, Cumming RG | title = Review of epidemiology and management of atrial fibrillation in developing countries | journal = International Journal of Cardiology | volume = 167 | issue = 6 | pages = 2412–2420 | date = September 2013 | pmid = 23453870 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.01.184 }}</ref> Oda heart-related risk factors dey include heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, den congenital heart disease.<ref name=Anu2014>{{cite journal | vauthors = Anumonwo JM, Kalifa J | title = Risk factors and genetics of atrial fibrillation | journal = Cardiology Clinics | volume = 32 | issue = 4 | pages = 485–494 | date = November 2014 | pmid = 25443231 | doi = 10.1016/j.ccl.2014.07.007 }}</ref> Insyd low- and middle-income countries, valvular heart disease often be attributable to rheumatic fever.<ref name="Kna20132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mischke K, Knackstedt C, Marx N, Vollmann D|title=Insights into atrial fibrillation|journal=Minerva Medica|volume=104|issue=2|pages=119–130|date=April 2013|pmid=23514988}}</ref> Lung-related risk factorsb dey include COPD, obesity, den sleep apnea.<ref name="Mun20142" /> Cortisol den oda stress biomarkers, as well as emotional stress, fi play a role insyd de pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation.<ref name="pmid3687456032">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rafaqat S, Rafaqat S, Rafaqat S|title=The Role of Major Biomarkers of Stress in Atrial Fibrillation: A Literature Review|journal=The Journal of Innovations in Cardiac Rhythm Management|volume=14|issue=2|pages=5355–5364|date=February 2023|pmid=36874560|pmc=9983621|doi=10.19102/icrm.2023.14025}}</ref> Oda risk factors dey include excess alcohol intake, tobacco smoking, diabetes mellitus, subclinical hypothyroidism, den thyrotoxicosis.<ref name="Mun20142" /><ref name="Kna20132" /><ref name="Staerk20172">{{cite journal |vauthors=Staerk L, Sherer JA, Ko D, Benjamin EJ, Helm RH|title=Atrial Fibrillation: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Outcomes|journal=Circulation Research|volume=120|issue=9|pages=1501–1517|date=April 2017|pmid=28450367|pmc=5500874|doi=10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.309732|type=Review}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hytting|first1=Jakob|last2=Celik|first2=Serkan|last3=Bodeström Eriksson|first3=Linus|last4=Mallios|first4=Panagiotis|last5=Digerfeldt|first5=Christofer|last6=Waldemar|first6=Annette|last7=Wijkman|first7=Magnus|last8=Singull|first8=Martin|last9=Hubbert|first9=Laila|date=2025-01-10|title=Prevalence of abnormal thyroid hormone levels in acute new-onset atrial fibrillation|journal=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine|language=English|volume=11|article-number=1518297|doi=10.3389/fcvm.2024.1518297|doi-access=free|pmid=39866801|pmc=11757249|issn=2297-055X}}</ref> However, about half of cases no be associated plus any of dese aforementioned risks.<ref name="Mun20142" /> Healthcare professionals fi suspect AF after feeling de pulse den confirm de diagnosis by interpreting an electrocardiogram (ECG).<ref name=Ferg2013/> A typical ECG insyd AF dey show irregularly spaced QRS complexes widout P waves.<ref name=Ferg2013>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ferguson C, Inglis SC, Newton PJ, Middleton S, Macdonald PS, Davidson PM | title = Atrial fibrillation: stroke prevention in focus | journal = Australian Critical Care | volume = 27 | issue = 2 | pages = 92–98 | date = May 2014 | pmid = 24054541 | doi = 10.1016/j.aucc.2013.08.002 }}</ref> Healthy lifestyle changes, such as weight loss insyd people plus obesity, increased physical activity, den drinking less alcohol, fi lower de risk for AF den reduce ein burden if e occur.<ref name="Chung2020">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chung MK, Eckhardt LL, Chen LY, Ahmed HM, Gopinathannair R, Joglar JA, Noseworthy PA, Pack QR, Sanders P, Trulock KM | title = Lifestyle and Risk Factor Modification for Reduction of Atrial Fibrillation: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association | journal = Circulation | volume = 141 | issue = 16 | pages = e750–e772 | date = April 2020 | pmid = 32148086 | doi = 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000748 | doi-access = free }}</ref> AF often be treated plus medications to slow de heart rate to a near-normal range (dem know as rate control) anaa to convert de rhythm to normal sinus rhythm (dem know as rhythm control).<ref name=Anu2014/> Electrical cardioversion fi convert AF to normal heart rhythm wey e be often necessary for emergency use if de person be unstable.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Oishi ML, Xing S | title = Atrial fibrillation: management strategies in the emergency department | journal = Emergency Medicine Practice | volume = 15 | issue = 2 | pages = 1–26; quiz 27 | date = February 2013 | pmid = 23369365 }}</ref> Ablation fi prevent recurrence insyd sam people.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Amerena JV, Walters TE, Mirzaee S, Kalman JM | title = Update on the management of atrial fibrillation | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_medical-journal-of-australia_2013-11-04_199_9/page/592 | journal = The Medical Journal of Australia | volume = 199 | issue = 9 | pages = 592–597 | date = November 2013 | pmid = 24182224 | doi = 10.5694/mja13.10191 | doi-access = free }}</ref> For those at low risk of stroke, AF no necessarily dey require blood-thinning though sam healthcare providers fi prescribe an anti-clotting medication.<ref name="Free2016">{{cite journal |vauthors=Freedman B, Potpara TS, Lip GY|title=Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10046|pages=806–817|date=August 2016|pmid=27560276|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31257-0|s2cid=5578741}}</ref> Chaw people plus AF be at increased risk of stroke.<ref name="ESC2024">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Van Gelder IC, Rienstra M, Bunting KV, Casado-Arroyo R, Caso V, Crijns HJ, De Potter TJ, Dwight J, Guasti L, Hanke T, Jaarsma T, Lettino M, Løchen ML, Lumbers RT, Maesen B, Mølgaard I, Rosano GM, Sanders P, Schnabel RB, Suwalski P, Svennberg E, Tamargo J, Tica O, Traykov V, Tzeis S, Kotecha D|date=30 August 2024|title=2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)|journal=European Heart Journal|volume=45|issue=36|pages=3314–3414|doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehae176|doi-access=free|pmid=39210723|issn=0195-668X|hdl=11392/2573658|hdl-access=free}}</ref> For those at more dan low risk, experts generally dey recommend an anti-clotting medication.<ref name="Free2016" /> Anti-clotting medications dey include warfarin den direct oral anticoagulants.<ref name="Free2016" /> While dese medications dey reduce stroke risk, dem dey increase rates of major bleeding.<ref name="Stein2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Steinberg BA, Piccini JP|title=Anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation|journal=BMJ|volume=348|article-number=g2116|date=April 2014|pmid=24733535|pmc=4688652|doi=10.1136/bmj.g2116}}</ref> Atrial fibrillation be de most common serious abnormal heart rhythm den, as of 2020, e dey affect more dan 33 million people worldwide.<ref name="Chung2020" /><ref name=Mun2014>{{cite journal | vauthors = Munger TM, Wu LQ, Shen WK | title = Atrial fibrillation | journal = Journal of Biomedical Research | volume = 28 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–17 | date = January 2014 | pmid = 24474959 | pmc = 3904170 | doi = 10.7555/JBR.28.20130191 }}</ref> As of 2014, na e affect about 2 to 3% of de population of Europe den [[North America]].<ref name=Zoni2014>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zoni-Berisso M, Lercari F, Carazza T, Domenicucci S | title = Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: European perspective | journal = Clinical Epidemiology | volume = 6 | pages = 213–220 | date = 2014 | pmid = 24966695 | pmc = 4064952 | doi = 10.2147/CLEP.S47385 | doi-access = free }}</ref> De incidence den prevalence of AF dey increase.<ref name="ESC2024"/> Insyd de developing world, about 0.6% of males den 0.4% of females be affected.<ref name=Zoni2014/> De percentage of people plus AF dey increase plus age wey 0.1% under 50 years old, 4% between 60 den 70 years old, den 14% over 80 years old be affected.<ref name=Zoni2014/> Na de first known report of an irregular pulse be by Jean-Baptiste de Sénac insyd 1749.<ref name=Mun2014/> Na Thomas Lewis be de first doctor to document dis by ECG insyd 1909.<ref name=Mun2014/> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{Cite journal |vauthors= Van Gelder IC, Rienstra M, Bunting KV, Casado-Arroyo R, Caso V, Crijns HJ, De Potter TJ, Dwight J, Guasti L, Hanke T, Jaarsma T, Lettino M, Løchen ML, Lumbers RT, Maesen B, Mølgaard I, Rosano GM, Sanders P, Schnabel RB, Suwalski P, Svennberg E, Tamargo J, Tica O, Traykov V, Tzeis S, Kotecha D |date=30 August 2024 |title=2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) |journal=European Heart Journal |volume=45 |issue=36 |pages=3314–3414 |doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehae176 |doi-access=free |pmid=39210723 |issn=0195-668X|hdl=11392/2573658 |hdl-access=free }} * {{Cite journal |vauthors= Joglar JA, Chung MK, Armbruster AL, Benjamin EJ, Chyou JY, Cronin EM, Deswal A, Eckhardt LL, Goldberger ZD, Gopinathannair R, Gorenek B, Hess PL, Hlatky MH, Hogan G, Ibeh C, Indik JH, Kido K, Kusumoto F, Link MS, Linta KT, Marcus GM, McCarthy PM, Patel N, Patton KK, Perez MV, Piccini JP, Russo AM, Sanders P, Streur MM, Thomas KL, Times S, Tisdale JE, Valente AM, Van Wagoner DR |date=30 November 2023 |title=2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines |journal=Circulation |language=en |volume=149 |issue=1 |pages=e1–e156 |doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000001193 |doi-access=free |pmc=11095842 |pmid=38033089}} == External links == {{commons}} * {{cite web |title=Atrial Fibrillation |url=https://world-heart-federation.org/cvd-roadmaps/whf-global-roadmaps/atrial-fibrillation/ |website=CVD Roadmaps |publisher=World Heart Federation}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Cardiac arrhythmia]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] r392xiqecvyxy4auly3q9xz7s2h0x7y 112455 112399 2026-09-25T00:00:49Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112455 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Atrial fibrillation''' ('''AF''', '''AFib''' anaa '''A-fib''') be an abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia) characterized by rapid and irregular beating of de atrial chambers of de heart.<ref>{{Cite web |last=CDC |date=20 May 2024 |title=About Atrial Fibrillation |url=https://www.cdc.gov/heart-disease/about/atrial-fibrillation.html |access-date=2025-03-16 |website=Heart Disease |language=en-us}}</ref> E often dey begin as short periods of abnormal beating, wich cam be longer anaa continuous over time.<ref name="Zoni20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zoni-Berisso M, Lercari F, Carazza T, Domenicucci S|title=Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: European perspective|journal=Clinical Epidemiology|volume=6|pages=213–220|date=2014|pmid=24966695|pmc=4064952|doi=10.2147/CLEP.S47385|doi-access=free}}</ref> E sanso fi start as oda forms of arrhythmia, such as atrial flutter, wey transform into AF.<ref name=Bun2015>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bun SS, Latcu DG, Marchlinski F, Saoudi N | title = Atrial flutter: more than just one of a kind | journal = European Heart Journal | volume = 36 | issue = 35 | pages = 2356–2363 | date = September 2015 | pmid = 25838435 | doi = 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv118 | publisher = Oxford University Press (OUP) | doi-access = free }}</ref> Episodes fi be asymptomatic.<ref name="Mun20142">{{cite journal |vauthors=Munger TM, Wu LQ, Shen WK|title=Atrial fibrillation|journal=Journal of Biomedical Research|volume=28|issue=1|pages=1–17|date=January 2014|pmid=24474959|pmc=3904170|doi=10.7555/JBR.28.20130191}}</ref> Symptomatic episodes fi involve heart palpitations, fainting, lightheadedness, loss of consciousness, anaa shortness of breath.<ref name=Gray2010>{{cite book | vauthors = Gray D |title = Chamberlain's Symptoms and Signs in Clinical Medicine: An Introduction to Medical Diagnosis |year = 2010 |publisher = Hodder Arnold |location = London |isbn = 978-0-340-97425-4 |pages = [https://books.google.com/books?id=IXynWiryyjoC&pg=PA70 70–71] |edition = 13th }}</ref> Atrial fibrillation dey associate plus an increased risk of heart failure, [[dementia]], den [[stroke]].<ref name="Mun20142" /><ref name=":22">{{Cite report |pmid=30480925|vauthors=Sanders GD, Lowenstern A, Borre E, Chatterjee R, Goode A, Sharan L, Lapointe NA, Raitz G, Shah B, Yapa R, Davis JK|title=Stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation: a systematic review update.|location=Rockville (MD)|work=Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US)|date=October 2018|quote=Report No.: 18-EHC018-EFReport No.: 2018-SR-04|series=AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews.}}</ref> E be a type of supraventricular tachycardia.<ref>{{cite book |editor1 = Richard D. Urman |editor2 = Linda S. Aglio |editor3 = Robert W. Lekowski |title = Essential clinical anesthesia review: keywords, questions and answers for the boards |date = 2015 |isbn = 978-1-107-68130-9 |page = 480 |publisher = Cambridge University Press |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=VJzWBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA480 |url-status = live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170908144250/https://books.google.com/books?id=VJzWBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA480 |archive-date = 8 September 2017 }}</ref> Atrial fibrillation frequently dey result from bursts of tachycardia wey dey originate insyd muscle bundles wey dey extend from de atrium to de pulmonary veins.<ref name="pmid22381430">{{cite journal | vauthors=McGarry TJ, Narayan SM | title=The anatomical basis of pulmonary vein reconnection after ablation for atrial fibrillation: wounds that never felt a scar? | journal=[[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]] | volume=50 | issue=10| pages=939–941 | year=2012 | doi = 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.11.032 | pmc=3393092 | pmid=22381430 }}</ref> Pulmonary vein isolation by transcatheter ablation fi restore sinus rhythm.<ref name="pmid22381430" /> De ganglionated plexi (autonomic ganglia of de heart atrium den ventricles) sanso fi be a source of atrial fibrillation, wey sanso sam times be ablated for dat reason.<ref name="pmid29326833">{{cite journal | vauthors=Stavrakis S, Po S | title=Ganglionated Plexi Ablation: Physiology and Clinical Applications | journal=Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review | volume=6 | issue=4 | pages=186–190 | year=2017| doi = 10.15420/aer2017.26.1 | pmc=5739885 | pmid=29326833 }}</ref> No be de pulmonary vein per, buh de left atrial appendage den ligament of Marshall fi be a source of atrial fibrillation wey sanso be ablated for dat reason.<ref name="pmid29759858">{{cite journal | vauthors=Naksuk N, Padmanabhan D, Asirvatham SJ | title=Left Atrial Appendage: Embryology, Anatomy, Physiology, Arrhythmia and Therapeutic Intervention | journal=[[Journal of the American College of Cardiology#Associated journals|JACC: Clinical Electrophysiology]] | volume=2 | issue=4 | pages=403–412 | year=2016 | doi = 10.1016/j.jacep.2016.06.006 | pmid=29759858 }}</ref><ref name="pmid23907042">{{cite journal | vauthors=Corradi D, Callegari S, Macchi E | title=Morphology and pathophysiology of target anatomical sites for ablation procedures in patients with atrial fibrillation: part II: pulmonary veins, caval veins, ganglionated plexi, and ligament of Marshall | journal=[[International Journal of Cardiology]] | volume=168 | issue=3 | pages=1769–1778 | year=2016 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.06.141 | pmid=23907042 }}</ref> As atrial fibrillation cam be more persistent, de junction between de pulmonary veins den de left atrium cam be less of an initiator den de left atrium cam be an independent source of arrhythmias.<ref name="pmid37076929">{{cite journal | vauthors=Eranki A, Wilson-Smith A, Manganas C | title=Mid term freedom from atrial fibrillation following hybrid ablation, a systematic review and meta analysis | journal=[[Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery]] | volume=18 | issue=1 | article-number=155 | year=2023 | doi = 10.1186/s13019-023-02189-2 | doi-access=free | pmc=10114378 | pmid=37076929 }}</ref> [[Hypertension|High blood pressure]] den valvular heart disease be de most common modifiable risk factors for AF.<ref name=Anu2014/><ref name=Ng2013>{{cite journal | vauthors = Nguyen TN, Hilmer SN, Cumming RG | title = Review of epidemiology and management of atrial fibrillation in developing countries | journal = International Journal of Cardiology | volume = 167 | issue = 6 | pages = 2412–2420 | date = September 2013 | pmid = 23453870 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.01.184 }}</ref> Oda heart-related risk factors dey include heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, den congenital heart disease.<ref name=Anu2014>{{cite journal | vauthors = Anumonwo JM, Kalifa J | title = Risk factors and genetics of atrial fibrillation | journal = Cardiology Clinics | volume = 32 | issue = 4 | pages = 485–494 | date = November 2014 | pmid = 25443231 | doi = 10.1016/j.ccl.2014.07.007 }}</ref> Insyd low- and middle-income countries, valvular heart disease often be attributable to rheumatic fever.<ref name="Kna20132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mischke K, Knackstedt C, Marx N, Vollmann D|title=Insights into atrial fibrillation|journal=Minerva Medica|volume=104|issue=2|pages=119–130|date=April 2013|pmid=23514988}}</ref> Lung-related risk factorsb dey include COPD, obesity, den sleep apnea.<ref name="Mun20142" /> Cortisol den oda stress biomarkers, as well as emotional stress, fi play a role insyd de pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation.<ref name="pmid3687456032">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rafaqat S, Rafaqat S, Rafaqat S|title=The Role of Major Biomarkers of Stress in Atrial Fibrillation: A Literature Review|journal=The Journal of Innovations in Cardiac Rhythm Management|volume=14|issue=2|pages=5355–5364|date=February 2023|pmid=36874560|pmc=9983621|doi=10.19102/icrm.2023.14025}}</ref> Oda risk factors dey include excess alcohol intake, tobacco smoking, diabetes mellitus, subclinical hypothyroidism, den thyrotoxicosis.<ref name="Mun20142" /><ref name="Kna20132" /><ref name="Staerk20172">{{cite journal |vauthors=Staerk L, Sherer JA, Ko D, Benjamin EJ, Helm RH|title=Atrial Fibrillation: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Outcomes|journal=Circulation Research|volume=120|issue=9|pages=1501–1517|date=April 2017|pmid=28450367|pmc=5500874|doi=10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.309732|type=Review}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hytting|first1=Jakob|last2=Celik|first2=Serkan|last3=Bodeström Eriksson|first3=Linus|last4=Mallios|first4=Panagiotis|last5=Digerfeldt|first5=Christofer|last6=Waldemar|first6=Annette|last7=Wijkman|first7=Magnus|last8=Singull|first8=Martin|last9=Hubbert|first9=Laila|date=2025-01-10|title=Prevalence of abnormal thyroid hormone levels in acute new-onset atrial fibrillation|journal=Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine|language=English|volume=11|article-number=1518297|doi=10.3389/fcvm.2024.1518297|doi-access=free|pmid=39866801|pmc=11757249|issn=2297-055X}}</ref> However, about half of cases no be associated plus any of dese aforementioned risks.<ref name="Mun20142" /> Healthcare professionals fi suspect AF after feeling de pulse den confirm de diagnosis by interpreting an electrocardiogram (ECG).<ref name=Ferg2013/> A typical ECG insyd AF dey show irregularly spaced QRS complexes widout P waves.<ref name=Ferg2013>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ferguson C, Inglis SC, Newton PJ, Middleton S, Macdonald PS, Davidson PM | title = Atrial fibrillation: stroke prevention in focus | journal = Australian Critical Care | volume = 27 | issue = 2 | pages = 92–98 | date = May 2014 | pmid = 24054541 | doi = 10.1016/j.aucc.2013.08.002 }}</ref> Healthy lifestyle changes, such as weight loss insyd people plus obesity, increased physical activity, den drinking less alcohol, fi lower de risk for AF den reduce ein burden if e occur.<ref name="Chung2020">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chung MK, Eckhardt LL, Chen LY, Ahmed HM, Gopinathannair R, Joglar JA, Noseworthy PA, Pack QR, Sanders P, Trulock KM | title = Lifestyle and Risk Factor Modification for Reduction of Atrial Fibrillation: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association | journal = Circulation | volume = 141 | issue = 16 | pages = e750–e772 | date = April 2020 | pmid = 32148086 | doi = 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000748 | doi-access = free }}</ref> AF often be treated plus medications to slow de heart rate to a near-normal range (dem know as rate control) anaa to convert de rhythm to normal sinus rhythm (dem know as rhythm control).<ref name=Anu2014/> Electrical cardioversion fi convert AF to normal heart rhythm wey e be often necessary for emergency use if de person be unstable.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Oishi ML, Xing S | title = Atrial fibrillation: management strategies in the emergency department | journal = Emergency Medicine Practice | volume = 15 | issue = 2 | pages = 1–26; quiz 27 | date = February 2013 | pmid = 23369365 }}</ref> Ablation fi prevent recurrence insyd sam people.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Amerena JV, Walters TE, Mirzaee S, Kalman JM | title = Update on the management of atrial fibrillation | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_medical-journal-of-australia_2013-11-04_199_9/page/592 | journal = The Medical Journal of Australia | volume = 199 | issue = 9 | pages = 592–597 | date = November 2013 | pmid = 24182224 | doi = 10.5694/mja13.10191 | doi-access = free }}</ref> For those at low risk of stroke, AF no necessarily dey require blood-thinning though sam healthcare providers fi prescribe an anti-clotting medication.<ref name="Free2016">{{cite journal |vauthors=Freedman B, Potpara TS, Lip GY|title=Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation|journal=Lancet|volume=388|issue=10046|pages=806–817|date=August 2016|pmid=27560276|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31257-0|s2cid=5578741}}</ref> Chaw people plus AF be at increased risk of stroke.<ref name="ESC2024">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Van Gelder IC, Rienstra M, Bunting KV, Casado-Arroyo R, Caso V, Crijns HJ, De Potter TJ, Dwight J, Guasti L, Hanke T, Jaarsma T, Lettino M, Løchen ML, Lumbers RT, Maesen B, Mølgaard I, Rosano GM, Sanders P, Schnabel RB, Suwalski P, Svennberg E, Tamargo J, Tica O, Traykov V, Tzeis S, Kotecha D|date=30 August 2024|title=2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS)|journal=European Heart Journal|volume=45|issue=36|pages=3314–3414|doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehae176|doi-access=free|pmid=39210723|issn=0195-668X|hdl=11392/2573658|hdl-access=free}}</ref> For those at more dan low risk, experts generally dey recommend an anti-clotting medication.<ref name="Free2016" /> Anti-clotting medications dey include warfarin den direct oral anticoagulants.<ref name="Free2016" /> While dese medications dey reduce stroke risk, dem dey increase rates of major bleeding.<ref name="Stein2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Steinberg BA, Piccini JP|title=Anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation|journal=BMJ|volume=348|article-number=g2116|date=April 2014|pmid=24733535|pmc=4688652|doi=10.1136/bmj.g2116}}</ref> Atrial fibrillation be de most common serious abnormal heart rhythm den, as of 2020, e dey affect more dan 33 million people worldwide.<ref name="Chung2020" /><ref name=Mun2014>{{cite journal | vauthors = Munger TM, Wu LQ, Shen WK | title = Atrial fibrillation | journal = Journal of Biomedical Research | volume = 28 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–17 | date = January 2014 | pmid = 24474959 | pmc = 3904170 | doi = 10.7555/JBR.28.20130191 }}</ref> As of 2014, na e affect about 2 to 3% of de population of Europe den [[North America]].<ref name=Zoni2014>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zoni-Berisso M, Lercari F, Carazza T, Domenicucci S | title = Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: European perspective | journal = Clinical Epidemiology | volume = 6 | pages = 213–220 | date = 2014 | pmid = 24966695 | pmc = 4064952 | doi = 10.2147/CLEP.S47385 | doi-access = free }}</ref> De incidence den prevalence of AF dey increase.<ref name="ESC2024"/> Insyd de developing world, about 0.6% of males den 0.4% of females be affected.<ref name=Zoni2014/> De percentage of people plus AF dey increase plus age wey 0.1% under 50 years old, 4% between 60 den 70 years old, den 14% over 80 years old be affected.<ref name=Zoni2014/> Na de first known report of an irregular pulse be by Jean-Baptiste de Sénac insyd 1749.<ref name=Mun2014/> Na Thomas Lewis be de first doctor to document dis by ECG insyd 1909.<ref name=Mun2014/> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{Cite journal |vauthors= Van Gelder IC, Rienstra M, Bunting KV, Casado-Arroyo R, Caso V, Crijns HJ, De Potter TJ, Dwight J, Guasti L, Hanke T, Jaarsma T, Lettino M, Løchen ML, Lumbers RT, Maesen B, Mølgaard I, Rosano GM, Sanders P, Schnabel RB, Suwalski P, Svennberg E, Tamargo J, Tica O, Traykov V, Tzeis S, Kotecha D |date=30 August 2024 |title=2024 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) |journal=European Heart Journal |volume=45 |issue=36 |pages=3314–3414 |doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehae176 |doi-access=free |pmid=39210723 |issn=0195-668X|hdl=11392/2573658 |hdl-access=free }} * {{Cite journal |vauthors= Joglar JA, Chung MK, Armbruster AL, Benjamin EJ, Chyou JY, Cronin EM, Deswal A, Eckhardt LL, Goldberger ZD, Gopinathannair R, Gorenek B, Hess PL, Hlatky MH, Hogan G, Ibeh C, Indik JH, Kido K, Kusumoto F, Link MS, Linta KT, Marcus GM, McCarthy PM, Patel N, Patton KK, Perez MV, Piccini JP, Russo AM, Sanders P, Streur MM, Thomas KL, Times S, Tisdale JE, Valente AM, Van Wagoner DR |date=30 November 2023 |title=2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines |journal=Circulation |language=en |volume=149 |issue=1 |pages=e1–e156 |doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000001193 |doi-access=free |pmc=11095842 |pmid=38033089}} == External links == {{commons}} * {{cite web |title=Atrial Fibrillation |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709185922/https://world-heart-federation.org/cvd-roadmaps/whf-global-roadmaps/atrial-fibrillation/ |website=CVD Roadmaps |publisher=World Heart Federation}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Cardiac arrhythmia]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] fpnuo4tnmoqd61ofob2soeq73jrhcoi 0 23501 112391 85045 2026-09-24T18:45:09Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112391 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dengue fever''' be a mosquito-borne disease wey be caused by dengue virus, prevalent insyd tropical den subtropical areas. Chaw cases of dengue fever be either asymptomatic anaa manifest mild symptoms.<ref>{{cite journal | last1=De Santis | first1=Olga | last2=Bouscaren | first2=Nicolas | last3=Flahault | first3=Antoine | title=Asymptomatic dengue infection rate: A systematic literature review | journal=Heliyon | volume=9 | issue=9 | date=2023 | pmid=37809992 | pmc=10559824 | doi=10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20069 | doi-access=free | article-number=e20069 | bibcode=2023Heliy...920069D | url=http://www.cell.com/article/S2405844023072778/pdf | access-date=2 April 2025}}</ref><ref name="WHO-Global-Situation-20242">{{Cite web |title=Dengue- Global situation|url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2023-DON498|access-date=13 February 2024|website=World Health Organization|language=en|archive-date=13 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240213182201/https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2023-DON498|url-status=live}}</ref> Symptoms typically dey begin 3 to 14 days after infection. Dem fi include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle den joint pains, den a characteristic skin itching den skin rash. Recovery generally dey take two to seven days. Insyd a small proportion of cases, de disease dey develop into '''severe dengue''' (dem previously know as dengue hemorrhagic fever anaa dengue shock syndrome)<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Alejandria MM | title = Dengue haemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome in children | journal = BMJ Clinical Evidence | volume = 2015 | page = 0917 | date = April 2015 | pmid = 25860404 | pmc = 4392842 }}</ref> plus bleeding, low levels of blood platelets, blood plasma leakage, den dangerously low blood pressure.<ref name="WHO-Dengue-2023">{{cite web |date=17 March 2023 |title=Dengue and severe dengue |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue |access-date=10 February 2024 |website=World Health Organization |archive-date=14 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240314173620/https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Kularatne-2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kularatne SA | title = Dengue fever | journal = BMJ | volume = 351 | article-number = h4661 | date = September 2015 | pmid = 26374064 | doi = 10.1136/bmj.h4661 | s2cid = 1680504 }}</ref> Dengue be spread by chaw species of female mosquitoes of de ''Aedes'' genus, principally ''Aedes aegypti''.<ref name="WHO-Dengue-2023" /> De virus get four confirmed serotypes; infection plus one type usually dey give lifelong immunity to dat type, buh short-term immunity per to de odas. Subsequent infection plus a different type dey increase de risk of severe complications, so-called antibody-dependent enhancement.<ref name="CDC-YellowBook-2024">{{Cite web |date=1 May 2023 |title=Dengue {{!}} CDC Yellow Book 2024 |url=https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/infections-diseases/dengue |access-date=14 February 2024 |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |archive-date=14 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240214221957/https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/infections-diseases/dengue |url-status=live }}</ref> De symptoms fi resemble those of [[malaria]], [[influenza]], anaa Zika.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Schaefer TJ, Panda PK, Wolford RW | chapter = Dengue Fever | title = StatPearls |date=14 November 2022 | chapter-url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430732/ |access-date=13 February 2022 | location = Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=28613483 |archive-date=14 December 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211214061113/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430732/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Blood tests to confirm de diagnosis dey include detecting viral RNA, anaa specific antibodies.<ref name="CDC-Diagnosis-2019">{{Cite web |date=13 June 2019 |title=Dengue Diagnosis {{!}} CDC |url=https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/healthcare-providers/diagnosis.html |access-date=14 February 2024 |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |language=en-us |archive-date=14 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240214221955/https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/healthcare-providers/diagnosis.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Infection fi be prevented by mosquito elimination den de prevention of mosquito bites.<ref name="Unicef-Dengue-2024">{{Cite web |title=Dengue: How to keep children safe {{!}} UNICEF South Asia |url=https://www.unicef.org/rosa/stories/dengue-how-keep-children-safe |access-date=13 February 2024 |website=www.unicef.org |language=en |archive-date=13 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240213182120/https://www.unicef.org/rosa/stories/dengue-how-keep-children-safe |url-status=live }}</ref> Na dem approve two types of dengue vaccine wey e be commercially available. Dengvaxia cam be available insyd 2016, buh e be recommended per to prevent re-infection insyd individuals wey na dem been previously infected.<ref>{{cite journal |date=7 September 2018 |title=Dengue vaccine: WHO position paper – September 2018 |url=https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/274315/WER9336.pdf?ua=1 |journal=Weekly Epidemiological Record |volume=36 |issue=93 |pages=457–476 |access-date=12 April 2019 |archive-date=5 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190105130352/http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/274315/WER9336.pdf?ua=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> De second vaccine, Qdenga, cam be available insyd 2022 wey e be suitable for adults, adolescents den kiddies from four years of age.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Qdenga {{!}} European Medicines Agency |url=https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/qdenga |access-date=14 February 2024 |website=European Medicines Agency |date=16 December 2022 |archive-date=27 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240227073545/https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/qdenga |url-status=live }}</ref> Treatment be symptomatic, as der be no specific treatment for dengue fever. Insyd mild cases, treatment dey focus on treating pain. Severe cases of dengue dey require hospitalisation; treatment of acute dengue be supportive wey dey include giving fluid either by mouth anaa intravenously.<ref name="WHO-Dengue-2023" /><ref name="Kularatne-2015" /> De earliest descriptions of a dengue outbreak date from 1779; na ein viral cause den spread be understood by de early 20th century.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Henchal EA, Putnak JR | title = The dengue viruses | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-microbiology-reviews_1990-10_3_4/page/376 | journal = Clinical Microbiology Reviews | volume = 3 | issue = 4 | pages = 376–396 | date = October 1990 | pmid = 2224837 | pmc = 358169 | doi = 10.1128/CMR.3.4.376 | bibcode = 1990CliMR...3..376H }}</ref> Already endemic insyd more dan one hundred countries, dengue dey spread from tropical den subtropical regions to de Iberian Peninsula den de southern states of de US, dem partly attribute to climate change.<ref name="WHO-Global-Situation-2024">{{Cite web |title=Dengue- Global situation |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2023-DON498 |access-date=13 February 2024 |website=World Health Organization |language=en |archive-date=13 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240213182201/https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2023-DON498 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Paz-Bailey G, Adams LE, Deen J, Anderson KB, Katzelnick LC | title = Dengue | journal = Lancet | volume = 403 | issue = 10427 | pages = 667–682 | date = February 2024 | pmid = 38280388 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02576-X | pmc = 12372472 | s2cid = 267201333 }}</ref> Dem dey classify am as a neglected tropical disease.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Neglected tropical diseases |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/neglected-tropical-diseases |access-date=13 February 2024 |website=World Health Organization |language=en |archive-date=26 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240126193108/https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/neglected-tropical-diseases |url-status=live }}</ref> During 2023, na dem report more dan 5&nbsp;million infections, plus more dan 5,000 dengue-related deaths.<ref name="WHO-Global-Situation-2024" /> As most cases be asymptomatic anaa mild, de actual numbers of dengue cases den deaths be under-reported.<ref name="WHO-Global-Situation-2024" /> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Sister project links |wikt=no|commons=Category:Dengue |b=no |n= no|q=no |s=no |v=no |voy=Dengue|species=no |d=30953 |display=Dengue fever }}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Dengue fever| ]] [[Category:Insect-borne diseases]] [[Category:Tropical diseases]] [[Category:Vaccine-preventable diseases]] [[Category:Zoonotic viral diseases]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] kt4rhxcr2ncjb13mv1re6jo07cjqxyq 0 23506 112306 85069 2026-09-24T16:28:55Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112306 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An '''eating disorder''' ('''ED''') be a [[mental disorder]] dem define by abnormal eating behaviors wey dey adversely affect a person ein physical anaa mental health.<ref name="DSM5" /> Dese behaviors fi include eating too much chow anaa too little chow, as well as body image issues. Types of eating disorders dey include binge eating disorder, wer de person wey dey suffer keeps eating large amounts insyd a short period of time typically while no be hungry, often dey lead to weight gain; [[anorexia nervosa]], wer de person get an intense fear of gaining weight, thus dey restrict chow den/anaa overexercises to manage dis fear; bulimia nervosa, wer individuals dey chop a large quantity (binging) then try to rid demaselves of de chow (purging), in an attempt make dem no gain any weight; pica, wer de patient dey chop non-food items; rumination syndrome, wer de patient dey regurgitate undigested anaa minimally digested food; avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), wer people get a reduced anaa selective food intake secof sam psychological reasons; den a group of oda specified feeding anaa eating disorders.<ref name="DSM5" /> Anxiety disorders, [[depression (mood)|depression]] den [[substance abuse]] be common among people plus eating disorders.<ref name="NIH20152">{{cite web |title=What are Eating Disorders?|url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/eating-disorders|website=NIMH|access-date=24 May 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150523184510/http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/eating-disorders/index.shtml|archive-date=23 May 2015}}</ref> Dese disorders no dey include obesity.<ref name="DSM5">{{cite book |author=American Psychiatric Association |title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders |publisher=American Psychiatric Association |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-89042-555-8 |edition=5th |location=Arlington, VA |pages=[https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/329 329–354] |url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse}}</ref> People often dey experience comorbidity between an eating disorder den OCD.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bang L, Kristensen UB, Wisting L, Stedal K, Garte M, Minde Å, Rø Ø | title = Presence of eating disorder symptoms in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder | journal = BMC Psychiatry | volume = 20 | issue = 1 | article-number = 36 | date = January 2020 | pmid = 32000754 | pmc = 6993325 | doi = 10.1186/s12888-020-2457-0 | doi-access = free}}</ref> De causes of eating disorders no be clear, although both biological den environmental factors dey appear to play a role.<ref name="NIH20152" /><ref name="Ri20132">{{cite journal|vauthors=Rikani AA, Choudhry Z, Choudhry AM, Ikram H, Asghar MW, Kajal D, Waheed A, Mobassarah NJ|date=October 2013|title=A critique of the literature on etiology of eating disorders|journal=Annals of Neurosciences|volume=20|issue=4|pages=157–161|doi=10.5214/ans.0972.7531.200409|pmc=4117136|pmid=25206042}}</ref> Dem dey believe cultural idealization of thinness to contribute to sam eating disorders.<ref name="Ri20132" /> Individuals wey na dem experience sexual abuse sanso more likely to develop eating disorders.<ref name=Chen2010>{{cite journal |vauthors=Chen LP, Murad MH, Paras ML, Colbenson KM, Sattler AL, Goranson EN, Elamin MB, Seime RJ, Shinozaki G, Prokop LJ, Zirakzadeh A |title=Sexual abuse and lifetime diagnosis of psychiatric disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_mayo-clinic-proceedings_2010-07_85_7/page/618 |journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings |volume=85 |issue=7 |pages=618–29 |date=July 2010 |pmid=20458101 |pmc=2894717 |doi=10.4065/mcp.2009.0583}}</ref> Sam disorders such as pica<ref>{{Citation |title=Pica (disorder) |date=2025-10-20 |work=Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pica_(disorder)&oldid=1317924293 |access-date=2025-10-27 |language=en}}</ref> den rumination disorder dey occur more often insyd people plus [[intellectual disability|intellectual disabilities]].<ref name=DSM5/> Treatment fi be effective for chaw eating disorders.<ref name="NIH20152" /> Treatment dey vary by disorder den fi involve counseling, dietary advice, reducing excessive exercise, den de reduction of efforts to eliminate chow.<ref name="NIH20152" /> Medications fi be used to help plus sam of de associated symptoms.<ref name="NIH20152" /> Hospitalization fi be needed insyd more serious cases.<ref name="NIH20152" /> About 70% of people plus anorexia nervosa den 50% of people plus bulimia dey recover within five years.<ref name="Sm20132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Smink FR, van Hoeken D, Hoek HW|title=Epidemiology, course, and outcome of eating disorders|journal=Current Opinion in Psychiatry|volume=26|issue=6|pages=543–548|date=November 2013|pmid=24060914|doi=10.1097/yco.0b013e328365a24f|s2cid=25976481}}</ref> 10% of people per plus eating disorders dey receive treatment, den of those, approximately 80% no dey receive de proper care. Dem dey send chaw home weeks earlier dan de recommended stay wey dem no be provided plus de necessary treatment.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Eating Disorder Statistics |url=https://www.state.sc.us/dmh/anorexia/statistics.htm |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=www.state.sc.us |archive-date=2023-09-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929033753/https://www.state.sc.us/dmh/anorexia/statistics.htm }}</ref> Recovery from binge eating disorder be less clear wey e be estimated at 20% to 60%.<ref name="Sm20132" /> Both anorexia nervosa den bulimia nervosa dey increase de risk of death.<ref name="Sm20132" /> Estimates of de prevalence of eating disorders dey vary widely, wey dey reflect differences in gender, age, den culture as well as methods dem use for diagnosis den measurement.<ref name="Sweeting">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sweeting H, Walker L, MacLean A, Patterson C, Räisänen U, Hunt K|title=Prevalence of eating disorders in males: a review of rates reported in academic research and UK mass media|journal=International Journal of Men's Health|volume=14|pages=|issue=2|date=2015|pmid=26290657|pmc=4538851|doi=10.3149/jmh.1402.86|doi-broken-date=12 July 2025|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26290657/}}</ref><ref name="Schaumberg">{{cite journal | vauthors = Schaumberg K, Welch E, Breithaupt L, Hübel C, Baker JH, Munn-Chernoff MA, Yilmaz Z, Ehrlich S, Mustelin L, Ghaderi A, Hardaway AJ, Bulik-Sullivan EC, Hedman AM, Jangmo A, Nilsson IA, Wiklund C, Yao S, Seidel M, Bulik CM | title = The Science Behind the Academy for Eating Disorders' Nine Truths About Eating Disorders | journal = European Eating Disorders Review | volume = 25 | issue = 6 | pages = 432–450 | date = November 2017 | pmid = 28967161 | pmc = 5711426 | doi = 10.1002/erv.2553}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Eating Disorder Statistics |url=https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/toolkit/parent-toolkit/statistics |website=National Eating Disorders Association |access-date=23 December 2021 |date=22 August 2019}}</ref> Insyd de developed world, anorexia nervosa dey affect about 0.4% den bulimia dey affect about 1.3% of young women insyd a given year.<ref name=DSM5/> Binge eating disorder dey affect about 1.6% of women den 0.8% of men insyd a given year.<ref name=DSM5/> According to one analysis, de percent of women wey go get anorexia nervosa at sam point insyd dema lives fi be up to 4%, anaa up to 2% for bulimia den binge eating disorders.<ref name="Sm20132" /> Rates of eating disorders dey appear to be lower insyd less developed countries.<ref name="Pike2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pike KM, Hoek HW, Dunne PE|date=November 2014|title=Cultural trends and eating disorders|journal=Current Opinion in Psychiatry|volume=27|issue=6|pages=436–42|doi=10.1097/yco.0000000000000100|pmid=25211499|s2cid=2838248}}</ref> Anorexia nervosa den bulimia dey occur nearly ten times more often insyd females dan males.<ref name="DSM5" /> De typical onset of eating disorders be insyd late kiddie time to early adulthood.<ref name="NIH20152" /> Rates of oda eating disorders no be clear.<ref name="DSM5" /> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q373822|c=Category:Eating disorder|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} {{Library resources box |by=no |onlinebooks=no |others=yes lcheading=Eating disorders}}{{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected = physical}} {{Digital media use and mental health}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Behavioral neuroscience]] [[Category:Behavioural syndromes dem associate plus physiological disturbances den physical factors]] [[Category:Eating disorders| ]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 70nl77fsibl5xwtxa0ad7yh1akad3mk 0 23539 112351 110798 2026-09-24T17:35:15Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112351 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A '''hernia''' (<abbr>pl.</abbr>: '''hernias''' anaa '''herniae''', from Latin, wey dey mean 'rupture') be de abnormal exit of tissue anaa an organ, such as de bowel, thru de wall of de cavity insyd wich e normally dey reside.<ref name="NEJM152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fitzgibbons RJ, Forse RA |date=February 2015 |title=Clinical practice. Groin hernias in adults |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_the-new-england-journal-of-medicine_2015-02-19_372_8/page/756 |journal=[[The New England Journal of Medicine]] |volume=372 |issue=8 |pages=756–763 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp1404068 |pmid=25693015}}</ref> De term sanso be used for de normal development of de intestinal tract, wey dey refer to de retraction of de intestine from de extra-embryonal navel coelom into de abdomen insyd de healthy embryo at about 7¹⁄₂ weeks. Various types of hernias fi occur,<ref name=NIHDef/> most commonly wey dey involve de abdomen, den specifically de groin.<ref name=NIHDef/> Groin hernias be most commonly inguinal hernias buh sanso fi be femoral hernias.<ref name="NEJM152" /> Oda types of hernias dey include hiatus, incisional, den umbilical hernias.<ref name=NIHDef>{{cite web|title=Hernia|url=https://www.medlineplus.gov/hernia.html|work = MedlinePlus | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine |access-date=12 March 2015|date=9 August 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316215214/http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/hernia.html|archive-date=16 March 2015}}</ref> Symptoms be present insyd about 66% of people plus groin hernias.<ref name="NEJM152" /> Dis fi include pain anaa discomfort insyd de lower abdomen, especially plus coughing, exercise, anaa urinating anaa defecating.<ref name="NEJM152" /> Often, e dey get worse thru out de day den dey improve wen lying down.<ref name="NEJM152" /> A bulge fi appear at de site of hernia, wey cam be larger wen bending down.<ref name="NEJM152" /> Groin hernias dey occur more often on de right dan left side.<ref name="NEJM152" /> De main concern be bowel strangulation, wer de blood supply to part of de bowel be blocked.<ref name="NEJM152" /> Dis usually dey produce severe pain den tenderness insyd de area.<ref name="NEJM152" /> Hiatus, anaa hiatal hernias often dey result in heartburn buh sanso fi cause chest pain anaa pain while eating.<ref name=BMJ2014>{{cite journal | vauthors = Roman S, Kahrilas PJ | title = The diagnosis and management of hiatus hernia | journal = BMJ | volume = 349 | article-number = g6154 | date = October 2014 | pmid = 25341679 | doi = 10.1136/bmj.g6154 | s2cid = 7141090 }}</ref> Risk factors for de development of a hernia dey include smoking, [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]], obesity, [[pregnancy]], peritoneal dialysis, collagen vascular disease, den previous open appendectomy, among odas.<ref name="NEJM152" /><ref name=BMJ2014/><ref name="Dom2014">{{cite book| vauthors = Domino FJ |title=The 5-minute clinical consult 2014|date=2014|publisher=Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|isbn=978-1-4511-8850-9|page=562|edition=22nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2C2MAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA562|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822165855/https://books.google.com/books?id=2C2MAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA562|archive-date=2017-08-22}}</ref> Predisposition to hernias be genetic<ref name="urlEtiology of Inguinal Hernias: A Comprehensive Review">{{cite journal | vauthors = Öberg S, Andresen K, Rosenberg J | title = Etiology of Inguinal Hernias: A Comprehensive Review | journal = Frontiers in Surgery | volume = 4 | page = 52 | year = 2017 | pmid = 29018803 | pmc = 5614933 | doi = 10.3389/fsurg.2017.00052 | doi-access = free }}</ref> den dey occur more often insyd certain families.<ref name="NEJM152" /><ref name="Whole-exome Sequencing">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mihailov E, Nikopensius T, Reigo A, Nikkolo C, Kals M, Aruaas K, Milani L, Seepter H, Metspalu A | display-authors = 6 | title = Whole-exome sequencing identifies a potential TTN mutation in a multiplex family with inguinal hernia | journal = Hernia | volume = 21 | issue = 1 | pages = 95–100 | date = February 2017 | pmid = 27115767 | pmc = 5281683 | doi = 10.1007/s10029-016-1491-9 }}</ref><ref name="urlAssociation of Collagen Type I Alpha 1 Gene Polymorphism With Inguinal Hernia - PubMed">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sezer S, Şimşek N, Celik HT, Erden G, Ozturk G, Düzgün AP, Çoşkun F, Demircan K | display-authors = 6 | title = Association of collagen type I alpha 1 gene polymorphism with inguinal hernia | journal = Hernia | volume = 18 | issue = 4 | pages = 507–512 | date = August 2014 | pmid = 23925543 | doi = 10.1007/s10029-013-1147-y | s2cid = 22999363 }}</ref><ref name="urlGenetic Study of Indirect Inguinal Hernia - PubMed">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Gong Y, Shao C, Sun Q, Chen B, Jiang Y, Guo C, Wei J, Guo Y |date=March 1994 |title=Genetic study of indirect inguinal hernia |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-medical-genetics_1994-03_31_3/page/187 |journal=Journal of Medical Genetics |volume=31 |issue=3 |pages=187–192 |doi=10.1136/jmg.31.3.187 |pmc=1049739 |pmid=8014965}}</ref> Deleterious mutations wey dey cause predisposition to hernias seem e get dominant inheritance (especially give men). E be unclear if groin hernias be associated plus heavy lifting.<ref name="NEJM152" /> Hernias often fi be diagnosed based on signs den symptoms.<ref name="NEJM152" /> Occasionally, dem dey use medical imaging to confirm de diagnosis anaa rule out oda possible causes. Dem often dey do de diagnosis of hiatus hernias by endoscopy.<ref name="BMJ2014" /> Groin hernias wey no dey cause symptoms insyd males no dey hia immediate surgical repair, a practice dem refer to as "watchful waiting".<ref name="NEJM152" /> However chaw men tend to eventually undergo groin hernia surgery secof de development of pain.<ref name="NEJM152" /> For women, however, repair be generally recommended secof de higher rate of femoral hernias, wich get more complications.<ref name="NEJM152" /> If strangulation occur, immediate surgery be required.<ref name="NEJM152" /> Repair fi be done by open surgery, laparoscopic surgery, anaa robotic-assisted surgery.<ref name="NEJM152" /> Open surgery get de benefit of possibly being done under local anesthesia rather dan general anesthesia.<ref name="NEJM152" /> Laparoscopic surgery generally get less pain dey follow de procedure.<ref name="NEJM152" /> A hiatus hernia fi be treated plus lifestyle changes such as raising de head of de bed, weight loss den adjusting eating habits.<ref name=BMJ2014/> De medications H2 blockers anaa proton pump inhibitors fi help.<ref name=BMJ2014/> If de symptoms no dey improve plus medications, a surgery dem know as laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication fi be an option.<ref name=BMJ2014/> Globally insyd 2019, na der be 32.53 million prevalent cases of inguinal, femoral, den abdominal hernias, plus a 95% uncertainty interval wey dey range from 27.71 to 37.79 million. Additionally, na der be 13.02 million incident cases, plus an uncertainty interval of 10.68 to 15.49 million. Dese figures dey reflect a 36.00% increase insyd prevalent cases den a 63.67% increase insyd incident cases dem compare to de numbers dem report insyd 1990.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=24 March 2023 |title=Trends of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia from 1990 to 2019 |pmc=10389329 |last1=Ma |first1=Q. |last2=Jing |first2=W. |last3=Liu |first3=X. |last4=Liu |first4=J. |last5=Liu |first5=M. |last6=Chen |first6=J. |journal=International Journal of Surgery |location=London, England |volume=109 |issue=3 |pages=333–342 |doi=10.1097/JS9.0000000000000217 |pmid=37093073 }}</ref> About 27% of males den 3% of females dey develop a groin hernia at sam point insyd dema lives.<ref name="NEJM152" /> Na inguinal, femoral den abdominal hernias be present insyd 18.5 million people wey result in 59,800 deaths insyd 2015.<ref name=GBD2015Pre>{{cite journal | vauthors = Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, etal | collaboration = GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators | title = Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 | journal = Lancet | volume = 388 | issue = 10053 | pages = 1545–1602 | date = October 2016 | pmid = 27733282 | pmc = 5055577 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 }}</ref><ref name=GBD2015De>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A | collaboration = GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators | title = Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 | journal = Lancet | volume = 388 | issue = 10053 | pages = 1459–1544 | date = October 2016 | pmid = 27733281 | pmc = 5388903 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1 }}</ref> Groin hernias dey occur most often before de age of 1 den after de age of 50.<ref name=Dom2014/> E no be known how commonly hiatus hernias dey occur, plus estimates insyd [[North America]] dey vary from 10% to 80%.<ref name=BMJ2014/> De first known description of a hernia dey date back to at least 1550 BC, insyd de Ebers Papyrus from [[Egypt]].<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Nigam VK |title=Essentials of Abdominal Wall Hernias|date=2009|publisher=I. K. International |isbn=978-81-89866-93-8|page=6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oxnNODC5wVgC&pg=PA6|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908153645/https://books.google.com/books?id=oxnNODC5wVgC&pg=PA6|archive-date=2017-09-08}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q133076|c=Category:Hernias|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=hernia|species=no}} * {{cite web | url = https://medlineplus.gov/hernia.html | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine | work = MedlinePlus | title = hernia }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Disorders of fascia]] [[Category:Congenital disorders of musculoskeletal system]] [[Category:Hernias| ]] [[Category:Acute pain]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] f5jrgxq6zisnh7l9gv71eeo4pkjtut5 0 23550 112548 108417 2026-09-25T02:36:58Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112548 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Reba Nell McEntire''' (/ˈriːbə ˈmækɪntaɪər/ ''REE-bə MAK-in-tire''; born March 28, 1955),<ref name=CMT>{{cite web|title=Reba McEntire Biography|url=http://www.cmt.com/artists/az/mcentire_reba/bio.jhtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031221105132/http://www.cmt.com/artists/az/mcentire_reba/bio.jhtml|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 21, 2003|access-date=September 11, 2011}}</ref> anaa simply '''Reba''', be an American country singer den actress. Dem dubb "The Queen of Country", na she sell more dan 75 million records worldwide.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.heraldbulletin.com/news/local_news/briefs/your-weekend-june/article_958de848-1064-5844-a2c6-458378ec2b81.html|title=Your Weekend: June 14–16 |date=June 14, 2019|work=[[The Herald Bulletin]]|access-date=July 25, 2019}}</ref> Since de 1970s, na she place over 100 singles on de ''Billboard'' Hot Country Songs chart, 25 of wich she reach de number-one spot.<ref name="Country Songs">{{cite magazine |title=Reba McEntire chart history (Country Songs) |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/reba-mcentire/chart-history/csi/ |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=20 October 2021}}</ref> An actress insyd both film den television,<ref name="Lifetime Movie">{{cite web |last=Parton |first=Chris |title=Reba McEntire to Star in Lifetime Christmas Movie |url=https://www.soundslikenashville.com/news/reba-mcentire-to-star-in-lifetime-christmas-movie/ |website=Sounds Like Nashville |date=March 5, 2021 |access-date=24 October 2021 |archive-date=February 12, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240212020153/https://www.soundslikenashville.com/news/reba-mcentire-to-star-in-lifetime-christmas-movie/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> McEntire star insyd de television series ''Reba'', wich dem air for six seasons. She sanso dey own chaw businesses, wey dey include a restaurant den a clothing line.<ref name="Biography">{{cite web |title=Reba McEntire: Age, Songs & TV Show |url=https://www.biography.com/musician/reba-mcentire |website=[[Biography (TV program)|Biography]] |access-date=24 October 2021}}</ref> == Discography == === Studio albums === {{Div col}} *''Reba McEntire'' (1977) *''Out of a Dream'' (1979) *''Feel the Fire'' (1980) *''Heart to Heart'' (1981) *''Unlimited'' (1982) *''Behind the Scene'' (1983) *''Just a Little Love'' (1984) *''My Kind of Country'' (1984) *''Have I Got a Deal for You'' (1985) *''Whoever's in New England'' (1986) *''What Am I Gonna Do About You'' (1986) *''The Last One to Know'' (1987) *''Merry Christmas to You'' (1987) *''Reba'' (1988) *''Sweet Sixteen'' (1989) *''Rumor Has It'' (1990) *''For My Broken Heart'' (1991) *''It's Your Call'' (1992) *''Read My Mind'' (1994) *''Starting Over'' (1995) *''What If It's You'' (1996) *''If You See Him'' (1998) *''The Secret of Giving: A Christmas Collection'' (1999) *''So Good Together'' (1999) *''Room to Breathe'' (2003) *''Reba: Duets'' (2007) *''Keep On Loving You'' (2009) *''All the Women I Am'' (2010) *''Love Somebody'' (2015) *''My Kind of Christmas'' (2016) *''Sing It Now: Songs of Faith & Hope'' (2017) *''Stronger Than the Truth'' (2019) *''Not That Fancy'' (2023)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://americansongwriter.com/reba-mcentire-set-to-drop-album-and-book-not-that-fancy-this-is-just-a-fun-book/|title=Reba McEntire Set to Drop Album and Book, ''Not That Fancy''—"This is Just a Fun Book"|website=[[American Songwriter]]|last=Patton|first=Ali|date=April 17, 2023|access-date=May 26, 2023}}</ref> {{Div col end}} ==Tours== ;Headlining tours {{Div col}} *The Reba McEntire Show {{small|(1985)}} *The Last One to Know Tour {{small|(1987)}}<ref>Sources for 1987 tour: {{cite web |url=https://oklahoman.com/article/2207054/reba-mcentire-uses-voice-to-stir-audiences-okie-pride |title=Reba McEntire Uses Voice To Stir Audience's Okie Pride |last1=Medley |first1=Robert |date=November 27, 1987 |website=[[The Oklahoman]] |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023010545/https://oklahoman.com/article/2207054/reba-mcentire-uses-voice-to-stir-audiences-okie-pride |archive-date=October 23, 2020}}<br /> {{cite web |url= https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1987-03-08-0110330286-story.html|title=SPECIAL EVENTS MAKE THE GRADE DURING SPRING BREAK '87 |last1=Gilbert |first1=Paul |date=March 8, 1987 |website=[[Orlando Sentinel]] |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023011130/https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1987-03-08-0110330286-story.html |archive-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> *North American Tour '88 {{small|(1988)}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.semissourian.com/blogs/flynch/entry/71307 |title=Reba McEntire performs at Show Me Center in 1988 |last1=Scott |first1=Peggy |date=May 16, 2018 |website=[[Southeast Missourian]] |publisher=Rust Communications |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023020213/https://www.semissourian.com/blogs/flynch/entry/71307 |archive-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> *World Tour '89 {{small|(1989)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1989-02-09-8903040085-story.html |title=REBA & RICKY SHOW |last1=Hurst |first1=Jack |date=February 9, 1989 |website=[[Chicago Tribune]] |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023021246/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1989-02-09-8903040085-story.html |archive-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> *'90 Tour {{small|(1990)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://oklahoman.com/article/2338908/reba-mcentire-loves-performing-for-the-folks-in-her-home-state|title=Reba McEntire Loves Performing For the Folks in Her Home State |last1=Van Meter |first1=Shannon |date=November 23, 1990 |website=The Oklahoman |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023021953/https://oklahoman.com/article/2338908/reba-mcentire-loves-performing-for-the-folks-in-her-home-state |archive-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> *Rumor Has It Tour {{small|(1991)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deseret.com/1991/3/19/18910919/mcentire-will-tour-canada |title=MCENTIRE WILL TOUR CANADA |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=March 19, 1991 |website=[[Deseret News]] |publisher=[[Deseret News Publishing Company]] |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023022641/https://www.deseret.com/1991/3/19/18910919/mcentire-will-tour-canada |archive-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> *Reba in Concert {{small|(1992)}}<ref>Sources for 1992 tour: *{{cite magazine|date=February 22, 1992|title=Reba in Concert|magazine=Billboard|volume=104|issue=8|page=31|location=Nashville, Tennessee|publisher=BPI Communications|issn=0006-2510|access-date=October 23, 2020|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/90s/1992/Billboard-1992-02-22.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808083051/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Billboard/90s/1992/Billboard-1992-02-22.pdf|archive-date=August 8, 2020}} *{{cite news |last1=Pareles |first1=Jon | title=Taking the Country Out of the Country Singer |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/26/news/review-music-taking-the-country-out-of-the-country-singer.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |location=[[New York City]], [[New York (state)|New York]] |date=October 26, 1992 |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023023153/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/26/news/review-music-taking-the-country-out-of-the-country-singer.html |archive-date=October 23, 2020|ref=none}}</ref> *It's Your Call Tour {{small|(1993)}}<ref>Sources for 1993 tour: *{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-04-16-ca-23724-story.html |title=Reba McEntire: Out of the Honky-Tonks : Pop music: The 'new traditionalist' country singer has made a smooth--some would even say slick--transition to a contemporary pop sound. She performs tonight at the Pacific Amphitheatre in Costa Mesa. |last1=Boehm |first1=Mike |date=April 16, 1993 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]] |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023024051/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-04-16-ca-23724-story.html |archive-date=October 23, 2020|ref=none}} *{{cite magazine|last1=Borzillo |first1=Carrie |date=September 4, 1993|title=McEntire, Tropicana Put New Twist on Retail Promo|magazine=Billboard|volume=105|issue=36|page=29|location=Nashville, Tennessee|publisher=BPI Communications|issn=0006-2510|access-date=October 23, 2020|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-BEEAAAAMBAJ&q=Tropicana%20Twister%20presents%20Reba%20McEntire&pg=PA29|ref=none}}</ref> *Read My Mind Tour {{small|(1994)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1994-03-14-1994073013-story.html |title=29 trade in their firearms for Reba McEntire tickets |last1=Jacobson |first1=Joan |date=March 14, 1994 |website=[[The Baltimore Sun]] |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023030745/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1994-03-14-1994073013-story.html |archive-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> *Starting Over Tour {{small|(1995)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-1995-09-01-9509010340-story.html |title=Country Queen Reba Mcentire Has Powerful Voice, Big Production |last1=Moran |first1=John |date=September 1, 1995 |website=[[Hartford Courant]] |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023031406/https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-1995-09-01-9509010340-story.html |archive-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> *20th Anniversary Tour {{small|(1996-97)}}<ref>Sources for 1996-1997 tour: *{{cite web |url=http://www.louisvillemusicnews.net/webmanager/index.php?WEB_CAT_ID=50&storyid=11320&headline=Reba_McEntire,_Billy_Dean_and_Linda_Davis_Kick_Off&issueid=86 |title=Reba McEntire, Billy Dean With Special Guest Linda Davis |last1=Stout |first1=Michael W. |date=April 1996 |website=Louisville Music News |access-date=October 23, 2020 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023034643/http://www.louisvillemusicnews.net/webmanager/index.php?WEB_CAT_ID=50&storyid=11320&headline=Reba_McEntire,_Billy_Dean_and_Linda_Davis_Kick_Off&issueid=86 |archive-date=October 23, 2020 |ref=none }} *{{cite web |url=https://www.deseret.com/1996/11/29/19279725/reba-2-country-stars-bringing-top-grossing-concert-to-s-l-tuesday |title=Reba, 2 Country Stars Bringing Top-Grossing Concert To S.L. Tuesday |last1=Hardy |first1=Rodger L. |date=November 29, 1996 |website=Deseret News |publisher=Deseret News Publishing Company |access-date=October 23, 2020 |ref=none }} [https://web.archive.org/web/20201027045712/https://archive.st/archive/2020/10/www.deseret.com/lmgk/www.deseret.com/1996/11/29/19279725/reba-2-country-stars-bringing-top-grossing-concert-to-s-l-tuesday.html Alt URL] *{{cite web |url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1996-03 |title=Reba Makes A Spectacle Of Her Show |last1=Gettelman |first1=Parry |date=March 14, 1996 |website=Orlando Sentinel |access-date=October 23, 2020 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023034936/https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1996-03-14-9603130912-story.html |archive-date=October 23, 2020 |ref=none }}</ref> *Singer's Diary {{small|(1999-2000)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://greensboro.com/the-singers-diary-breaks-concert-mold/article_0fe8313d-457e-5f08-8db3-854469e6c190.html |title='The Singer's Diary' Breaks Concert Mold |last1=Puterbaugh |first1=Parke |date=February 13, 2000 |website=[[News & Record]] |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023041119/https://greensboro.com/the-singers-diary-breaks-concert-mold/article_0fe8313d-457e-5f08-8db3-854469e6c190.html |archive-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> *Room to Breathe Tour {{small|(2004)}}<ref>Sources for 2004 tour: *{{cite web |url=https://www.toledoblade.com/a-e/music-theater-dance/2004/11/21/Country-queen-Down-to-earth-Reba-McEntire-doesn-t-seem-at-all-like-royalty/stories/200411210010 |title=Country queen: Down-to-earth Reba McEntire doesn't seem at all like royalty |last1=Dugger |first1=Brian |date=November 21, 2004 |website=[[The Blade (Toledo, Ohio)|The Blade]] |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023042211/https://www.toledoblade.com/a-e/music-theater-dance/2004/11/21/Country-queen-Down-to-earth-Reba-McEntire-doesn-t-seem-at-all-like-royalty/stories/200411210010 |archive-date=October 23, 2020|ref=none}} *{{cite press release |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Whirlpool Brand Announces 2004 Reba McEntire Tour Dates |url=http://whirlpool.mediaroom.com/2004-05-10-Whirlpool-Brand-Announces-2004-Reba-McEntire-Tour-Dates |location=[[Benton Harbor, Michigan]] |publisher=[[Whirlpool Corporation]] |agency=[[PR Newswire]]|date=May 10, 2004 |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023042404/http://whirlpool.mediaroom.com/2004-05-10-Whirlpool-Brand-Announces-2004-Reba-McEntire-Tour-Dates |archive-date=October 23, 2020|ref=none}}</ref> *All the Women I Am Tour {{small|(2011-12)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tasteofcountry.com/reba-mcentire-2011-tour-dates/|title=Reba Mcentire Reveals 2011 Tour Dates|last1=Sciarretto|first1=Amy|date=July 6, 2011|website=Taste of Country|publisher=[[Townsquare Media]]|access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023045506/https://tasteofcountry.com/reba-mcentire-2011-tour-dates/|archive-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> *Canadian Tour {{small|(2013)}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timescolonist.com/entertainment/music/legendary-singer-reba-mcentire-tickles-victoria-fans-fancy-1.653578|title=Legendary singer Reba McEntire tickles Victoria fans' fancy|last1=Devlin |first1=Mike |date=October 8, 2013|website=[[Times Colonist]]|access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023051200/https://www.timescolonist.com/entertainment/music/legendary-singer-reba-mcentire-tickles-victoria-fans-fancy-1.653578|archive-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> *Reba Live! {{small|(2018)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/entertainment/music/2018/08/11/grandstand-reba-mcentire-live-review-iowa-state-fair-fancy-country-icon-14000-crowd/963232002/ |title=For a Grandstand crowd of 14,000, Reba McEntire is Iowa State Fair royalty |last1=Leimkuehler |first1=Matthew |date=August 11, 2018 |website=The Des Moines Register |publisher=Gannett Co., Inc.|access-date=October 12, 2022|archive-url=https://archive.today/20221012101334/https://www.desmoinesregister.com/story/entertainment/music/2018/08/11/grandstand-reba-mcentire-live-review-iowa-state-fair-fancy-country-icon-14000-crowd/963232002/ |archive-date=October 12, 2022}}</ref> *Summer Tour 2019 {{small|(2019)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.iheart.com/content/2019-03-16-reba-mcentire-postpones-second-concert-date-due-to-ongoing-illness/ |title=Reba McEntire Postpones Second Concert Date Due To Ongoing Illness |last1=Close |first1=Paris |date=March 16, 2019 |website=iHeartRadio |publisher=iHeartMedia |access-date=October 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012125925/https://www.iheart.com/content/2019-03-16-reba-mcentire-postpones-second-concert-date-due-to-ongoing-illness/ |archive-date=October 12, 2022 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> *Reba: Live in Concert {{small|(2022-23)}}<ref name="Reba Live In Concert">{{cite web|title=Reba Announces Multi-City Tour|url=https://www.reba.com/news/2021/10/11/reba-announces-multi-city-tour|website=Reba.com|publisher=Reba's Business, Inc.|date=October 11, 2021|access-date=October 11, 2021|archive-date=October 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211011134936/https://www.reba.com/news/2021/10/11/reba-announces-multi-city-tour|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{Div col end}} ; Co-headlining tours * Brooks & Dunn and Reba: The Tour {{small|(with Brooks & Dunn) (1997–98)}}<ref>Sources for 1997-1998 joint tour: * {{cite web |last1=Patterson |first1=Jim |date=March 12, 1997 |title=Country Acts Hitting The Road To Win Back Fans |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/1997/mar/12/country-acts-hitting-the-road-to-win-back-fans/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023035531/https://www.spokesman.com/stories/1997/mar/12/country-acts-hitting-the-road-to-win-back-fans/ |archive-date=October 23, 2020 |access-date=October 23, 2020 |website=[[The Spokesman-Review]] |ref=none}} * {{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1998/11/16/reba-the-boys-at-a-fork-in-the-road/ab68c466-4ab3-43ec-b13c-0118ae2b2363/|title=Reba & The Boys At A Fork In The Road|last1=Harrington|first1=Richard|date=November 16, 1998|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023041512/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1998/11/16/reba-the-boys-at-a-fork-in-the-road/ab68c466-4ab3-43ec-b13c-0118ae2b2363/|archive-date=October 23, 2020|ref=none}}</ref> * Girls Night Out {{small|(with Martina McBride) (2001)}}<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.billboard.com/daily/2001/0409_06.asp|title=Reba, Martina Spearhead 'Girls' Night Out' Tour|last1=Cohen|first1=Jonathan|last2=Jeckell|first2=Barry A.|date=April 9, 2001|magazine=Billboard|publisher=BPI Communications|access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010411044235/http://www.billboard.com/daily/2001/0409_06.asp|archive-date=April 11, 2001}}</ref> * 2 Hats and a Redhead {{small|(with Brad Paisley and Terri Clark) (2005)}}<ref>Sources for 2005 joint tour: * {{cite web |last1=Bullins |first1=Strother |date=July 1, 2005 |title=Tour Profile: Reba McEntire and Brad Paisley |url=https://www.mixonline.com/live-sound/tour-profile-reba-mcentire-and-brad-paisley-367838 |access-date=October 23, 2020 |website=[[Mix (magazine)|Mix]] |ref=none}} * {{cite web |last1=Shelburne |first1=Craig |date=April 25, 2005 |title=Reba, Brad and Terri Team Up in Florida |url=http://www.cmt.com/artists/news/1500724/04252005/mcentire_reba.jhtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050715085407/http://www.cmt.com/artists/news/1500724/04252005/mcentire_reba.jhtml |archive-date=July 15, 2005 |access-date=October 23, 2020 |website=[[CMT (American TV channel)|CMT News]] |publisher=[[ViacomCBS Domestic Media Networks|MTV Networks]] |ref=none}}</ref> * 2 Worlds 2 Voices Tour {{small|(with Kelly Clarkson) (2008)}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Punt |first1=Bernard |date=November 18, 2010 |title=Reba, Kelly present '2 Worlds 2 Voices Tour' at BJC |url=https://news.psu.edu/story/184193/2008/09/02/reba-kelly-present-2-worlds-2-voices-tour-bjc |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023045037/https://news.psu.edu/story/184193/2008/09/02/reba-kelly-present-2-worlds-2-voices-tour-bjc |archive-date=October 23, 2020 |access-date=October 23, 2020 |website=Penn State News |publisher=[[Pennsylvania State University]]}}</ref> * Reba and George Strait on Tour {{small|(with George Strait) (2010-11)}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Reitz |first1=Allison |date=June 4, 2010 |title=George Strait tours with Reba McEntire, Lee Ann Womack through fall |url=https://www.ticketnews.com/2010/06/george-strait-tours-with-reba-mcentire-lee-ann-womack-through-fall/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023045825/https://www.ticketnews.com/2010/06/george-strait-tours-with-reba-mcentire-lee-ann-womack-through-fall/ |archive-date=October 23, 2020 |access-date=October 23, 2020 |website=TicketNews}}</ref> ;Residency shows *Key to the Heart {{small|(2006-07)}}<ref>{{cite journal |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Video as Lighting: Mixing Media for Reba McEntire |url=http://www.berlinerproductions.com/pdf/reba%20mcentire.pdf |journal=[[Lighting & Sound International|Lighting & Sound]] |publisher=[[Professional Lighting and Sound Association|PLASA]] |date=September 2006 |access-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> *Together in Vegas {{small|(with Brooks & Dunn) (2015-2021)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thecountrydaily.com/2019/12/03/reba-mcentire-and-brooks-dunn-extend-las-vegas-residency-with-24-new-dates/ |title=Reba McEntire and Brooks & Dunn Extend Las Vegas Residency With 24 New Dates |last1=Casey |first1=Jim |date=December 3, 2019 |website=The Country Daily |publisher=[[Cumulus Media]] |access-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20201023051605/https://www.thecountrydaily.com/2019/12/03/reba-mcentire-and-brooks-dunn-extend-las-vegas-residency-with-24-new-dates/ |archive-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> ;Opening act *Grand Tour* {{small|(for George Jones) (1981)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tulsaworld.com/entertainment/music/happy-birthday-reba-mcentire-take-a-look-back-at-her-career-here/collection_46285d8e-1c02-50fa-94d7-5d4cc83b297b.html |title=Happy birthday, Reba McEntire: Take a look back at her career here |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=March 28, 2022 |website=Tulsa World |publisher=Lee Enterprises |access-date=October 11, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012125925/https://tulsaworld.com/entertainment/music/happy-birthday-reba-mcentire-take-a-look-back-at-her-career-here/collection_46285d8e-1c02-50fa-94d7-5d4cc83b297b.html |archive-date=October 12, 2022 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> *The Statler Brothers in Concert {{small|(for the Statler Brothers) (1983-84)}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tntecharchives.omeka.net/exhibits/show/bignameentertainment/item/161 |title=The Statler Brothers with Special Guest Reba McEntire Concert Ticket |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=October 2022 |website=Archives and Special Collections |publisher=Tennessee Tech University |access-date=October 12, 2022|archive-url=https://archive.today/20221012084134/https://tntecharchives.omeka.net/exhibits/show/bignameentertainment/item/161 |archive-date=October 12, 2022}}</ref> ==Filmography== {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Film |- ! Year ! Title ! Role ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | 1990 | ''Tremors'' | Heather Gummer | |- | rowspan="3" | 1994 | ''Maverick'' | Spectator | Uncredited role |- | ''North'' | Ma Tex | |- | ''The Little Rascals'' | A.J. Ferguson | |- | 2001 | ''One Night at McCool's'' | Dr. Green | |- | rowspan="2" | 2006 | ''The Fox and the Hound 2'' | Dixie (voice) | Direct-to-video |- | ''Charlotte's Web'' | Betsy (voice) | |- | 2016 | ''The Land Before Time XIV: Journey of the Brave''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/from-universal-pictures-home-entertainment-the-land-before-time-journey-of-the-brave-300194315.html |title=From Universal Pictures Home Entertainment: The Land Before Time: Journey of the Brave |date=December 17, 2015 |access-date=February 1, 2016 |publisher=PR Newswire |author=Universal Pictures Home Entertainment}}</ref> | Etta (voice) | Direct-to-video |- | 2019 | ''Spies in Disguise'' | Joy Jenkins (voice) | |- | 2021 | ''Barb and Star Go to Vista Del Mar'' | Trish | |} {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Television |- ! Year ! Title ! Role ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | 1985-2012,<br />2018-2019 | ''Academy of Country Music Awards'' | rowspan="2" | Einself | plus Vince Gill |- | 1990–1992, <br />2019–2020 | ''Country Music Association Awards'' | plus Randy Travis: 1990 <br /> plus Vince Gill: 1992 <br /> plus Carrie Underwood & Dolly Parton: 2019 <br /> plus Darius Rucker: 2020 |- | 1991 | ''The Gambler Returns: The Luck of the Draw'' | Burgundy Jones | Television film |- | 1992 | ''WrestleMania VIII'' | Einself | Television special |- | 1993 | ''The Man from Left Field'' | Nancy Lee Prinzi | Television film |- | rowspan="2" | 1994 | ''Frasier'' | Rachel (voice) | Episode: "Fortysomething" |- | ''Is There Life Out There?'' | Lily Marshall | Television film |- | 1995 | ''Buffalo Girls'' | Annie Oakley | Main role |- | rowspan="2" | 1998 | ''Forever Love'' | Lizzie Brooks | Television film |- | ''Hercules'' | Artemis (voice) | 2 episodes |- | 1999 | ''Secret of Giving'' | Rose Cameron | Television film |- | 2001–2007 | ''Reba'' | Reba Hart | Main role |- | 2010 |''Better with You'' | Lorraine Ashley | Episode: "Better With Flirting" |- | 2011 |''Working Class'' | Renee | Episode: "Sugar Mama" |- | 2012–2013 |''Malibu Country'' | Reba McKenzie | Main role |- | 2012 |''Blake Shelton's Not So Family Christmas'' | rowspan="2" | Einself | rowspan="2" | Special |- | 2013 |''Kelly Clarkson's Cautionary Christmas Music Tale'' |- | 2015–16 |''Baby Daddy'' | Charlotte | 2 episodes |- | rowspan="2" | 2015 |''Best Time Ever with Neil Patrick Harris'' | rowspan="3" | Einself | Episode: "Reba" |- |''Disney Parks Christmas Day Parade'' |Television special |- |2015, 2023–2025 |''The Voice'' |Coach (season 24–26, 28) |- | rowspan="2" | 2016 |''Last Man Standing'' | Billie Cassidy | Episode: "Outdoor Woman" |- |''America's Got Talent'' |Einself (guest judge) |Episode: "Judge Cuts 2" |- |2018 | ''Red Blooded '' |Ruby Adair |Episode: "Pilot" |- |2020–2022, 2024 |''Young Sheldon'' |June |Recurring role (seasons 3–5, 7) |- |2021 |''Christmas in Tune'' |Georgia |Television film |- |2022–2023 |''Big Sky'' |Sunny Barnes |Main role |- |2023 |''Reba McEntire's The Hammer''<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2023 |title=Reba McEntire's the Hammer (2023) - IMDB |website=[[IMDb]] |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt21193010 |access-date=January 8, 2023}}</ref> |Judge Kim Wheeler |Television film |- |2024-Present |''Happy's Place'' |Bobbie ||Lead Role & Executive Producer<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hailu |first=Selome |date=2024-05-08 |title=Reba McEntire Comedy 'Happy's Place' Ordered to Series at NBC |url=https://variety.com/2024/tv/news/reba-mcentire-comedy-happys-place-nbc-series-order-1235995225/ |access-date=2024-05-23 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref> |} {| class="wikitable" |+ Theater |- ! Year ! Title ! Role ! Notes |- | 2001 | ''Annie Get Your Gun'' | Annie Oakley | |- | 2006 | ''South Pacific: In Concert from Carnegie Hall'' | Nellie Forbush | |} == Publications == * {{Cite book |last=McEntire |first=Reba |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lb7TBwAAQBAJ |title=Reba: My Story |date=May 1, 1994 |publisher=Bantam Books |isbn=978-0553096071 |location=New York |url-access=registration}} * {{Cite book |last=McEntire |first=Reba |url=https://archive.org/details/comfortfromcount00mcen |title=Comfort from a Country Quilt: Finding New Inspiration and Strength from Old-Fashioned Values |date=April 13, 1999 |publisher=Bantam Books |isbn=978-0-553-10794-4 |location=New York |url-access=registration}} * {{Cite book |last=McEntire |first=Reba |url=https://www.amazon.com/Not-That-Fancy-Lessons-Dusting-ebook/dp/B0BYYXSVL2/ref=tmm_kin_swatch_0 |title=Not That Fancy: Simple Lessons on Living, Loving, Eating, and Dusting Off Your Boots |date=October 10, 2023 |publisher=Harper Celebrate |isbn=978-1400238255 |location=New York |url-access=registration}} == References == <references /> == Books == * {{Cite book |last1=Carter |first1=Tom | last2=McEntire | first2=Reba | title=Reba: My Story |url=https://archive.org/details/rebamystorymce00mcen | location=New York | publisher=Bantam Books | year=1994 | isbn=978-0-553-09607-1}} * {{cite book |last1=Oermann |first1=Robert K. |last2=Bufwack |first2=Mary A. |title=Finding Her Voice: Women in Country Music: 1800–2000 |date=2003 |publisher=The Country Music Press & Vanderbilt University Press |location=Nashville, TN |isbn=0-8265-1432-4 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/findinghervoicew0000bufw}} * {{cite book |last1=Wolff |first1=Kurt |title=Country Music: The Rough Guide |url=https://archive.org/details/countrymusicroug0000wolf_h8q8 |date=2000 |publisher=Penguin Books |location=London |isbn=1-85828-534-8 |ref={{SfnRef|Wolff, Kurt|2000}}}} == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://www.reba.com/ Official website] * [[imdbname:0005207|Reba McEntire]] at IMDb * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160305152924/http://www.cmt.com/show/reba/cast_member.jhtml?personalityId=15566#moreinfo Reba McEntire] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305152924/http://www.cmt.com/show/reba/cast_member.jhtml?personalityId=15566#moreinfo |date=March 5, 2016 }} Profile on Country Music Television {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:McEntire, Reba}} [[Category:Reba McEntire| ]] [[Category:1955 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:20th-century American actresses]] [[Category:21st-century American actresses]] [[Category:20th-century American singer-songwriters]] [[Category:21st-century American singer-songwriters]] [[Category:20th-century American women singers]] [[Category:21st-century American women singers]] [[Category:Actresses wey komot Oklahoma]] [[Category:American contraltos]] [[Category:American country singer-songwriters]] [[Category:American women country singers]] [[Category:American film actresses]] [[Category:American television actresses]] [[Category:American voice actresses]] [[Category:American Christians]] [[Category:Big Machine Records artists]] [[Category:Country Music Hall of Fame inductees]] [[Category:Country musicians wey komot Oklahoma]] [[Category:Grammy Award winners]] [[Category:Grand Ole Opry members]] [[Category:MCA Records artists]] [[Category:Members of de Country Music Association]] [[Category:Mercury Records artists]] [[Category:People wey komot Atoka County, Oklahoma]] [[Category:People wey komot McAlester, Oklahoma]] [[Category:Singer-songwriters wey komot Oklahoma]] [[Category:Southeastern Oklahoma State University alumni]] [[Category:Theatre World Award winners]] [[Category:Kennedy Center honorees]] [[Category:Judges insyd American reality television series]] [[Category:Philanthropists wey komot Oklahoma]] p1evys2lbdoiwo5q7incwioq057j3wb 0 23596 112529 110853 2026-09-25T02:06:14Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112529 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A '''nightmare''', dem sanso know as a '''bad dream''',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nightmare - Etymology, Origin & Meaning |url=https://www.etymonline.com/word/nightmare |access-date=2026-02-07 |website=etymonline |language=en-US}}</ref> be an unpleasant dream wey fi cause a strong emotional response from de mind, typically fear buh sanso [[Depression (mood)|despair]], anxiety, disgust anaa sadness. De dream fi contain situations of discomfort, psychological anaa physical terror, anaa panic. After a nightmare, a person often go awaken insyd a state of distress den fi be unable to return to sleep for a short period of time.<ref>American Psychiatric Association (2000), [[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders]], 4th ed, TR, p. 631</ref> Recurrent nightmares fi require medical help, as dem fi interfere plus sleeping patterns den cause [[insomnia]]. Nightmares fi get physical causes such as sleeping insyd an uncomfortable position anaa having a fever, anaa psychological causes such as stress anaa anxiety. Eating before going to bed, wich dey trigger an increase insyd de body ein metabolism den brain activity, fi be a potential stimulus for nightmares.<ref name="Stephens">{{cite web |last=Stephen |first=Laura |year=2006 |title=Nightmares |url=http://www.psychologytoday.com/conditions/nightmare.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070831193305/http://www.psychologytoday.com/conditions/nightmare.html |archive-date=31 August 2007 |website=Psychologytoday.com}}</ref> De prevalence of nightmares insyd kiddies (5–12 years old) be between 20 den 30%, den prevalence insyd adults be between 8 den 30%.<ref name="peter">{{cite book |last1=Peter |first1=Helga |title=Enzyklopädie der Schlafmedizin |last2=Penzel |first2=Thomas |last3=Jörg |first3=Hermann Peter |date=2007 |publisher=Springer Medizin Verlag |isbn=978-3-540-28839-8 |location=Heidelberg}}</ref> Insyd common language, na de meaning of ''nightmare'' extend as a metaphor to chaw bad things, such as a bad situation anaa a scary monster anaa person. == References == <references /> ==Read further== * {{cite book |last1=Anch |first1=A. M. |last2=Browman |first2=C. P. |last3=Mitler |first3=M. M. |last4=Walsh |first4=J. K. |title=Sleep: A Scientific Perspective |location=New Jersey |publisher=Prentice-Hall |year=1988 |isbn=978-0-13-812918-7 |url=https://archive.org/details/sleepscientificp00anch|url-access=registration }} * {{cite journal |last=Harris |first=J. C. |year=2004 |title=The Nightmare |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama-psychiatry_2004-05_61_5/page/439 |journal=[[JAMA Psychiatry|Archives of General Psychiatry]] |volume=61 |issue=5 |pages=439–40 |pmid=15123487 |doi=10.1001/archpsyc.61.5.439}} * {{cite book |editor1-last=Husser |editor1-first=J.-M. |editor2-first=A. |editor2-last=Mouton |title=Le Cauchemar dans les sociétés antiques. Actes des journées d'étude de l'UMR 7044 (15–16 Novembre 2007, Strasbourg) |location=Paris |publisher=De Boccard |year=2010 |language=fr}} * {{cite book |last=Jones |first=Ernest |year=1951 |title=On the Nightmare |url=https://archive.org/details/onnightmare00jone |publisher=W W Norton & Company Incorporated |isbn=978-0-87140-912-6 }} * {{cite journal |last=Forbes |first=D. |year=2001 |title=Brief Report: Treatment of Combat-Related Nightmares Using Imagery Rehearsal: A Pilot Study |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-traumatic-stress_2001-04_14_2/page/433 |journal=[[Journal of Traumatic Stress]] |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=433–442 |doi=10.1023/A:1011133422340 |pmid=11469167 |s2cid=44630028 |display-authors=etal}} * {{cite web |last=Siegel |first=A. |year=2003 |title=A mini-course for clinicians and trauma workers on posttraumatic nightmares |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260203095037/https://www.asdreams.org/magazine/articles/seigel_nightmares.htm }} * {{cite book |last=Burns |first=Sarah |year=2004 |title=Painting the Dark Side : Art and the Gothic Imagination in Nineteenth-Century America |url=https://archive.org/details/paintingdarkside0000burn |series=Ahmanson-Murphy Fine Are Imprint |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-23821-3 }} * {{cite book |last=Davenport-Hines |first=Richard |year=1999 |title=Gothic: Four Hundred Years of Excess, Horror, Evil and Ruin |url=https://archive.org/details/gothicfourhundre00dave |url-access=registration |publisher=North Point Press |pages=[https://archive.org/details/gothicfourhundre00dave/page/160 160–61] |isbn=978-0-86547-544-1 }} * {{cite book |last=Hill |first=Anne |year=2009 |title=What To Do When Dreams Go Bad: A Practical Guide to Nightmares |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781887590044 |publisher=Serpentine Media |isbn=978-1-887590-04-4 }} * {{cite book |editor-last=Simons |editor-first=Ronald C. |editor2-last=Hughes |editor2-first=Charles C. |year=1985 |title=Culture-Bound Syndromes |publisher=Springer }} * {{cite book |last=Sagan |first=Carl |year=1997 |title=The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark |url=https://archive.org/details/demonhauntedworl00saga }} * {{cite journal |last=Coalson |first=Bob |title=Nightmare help: Treatment of trauma survivors with PTSD |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychotherapy_fall-1995_32_3/page/381 |journal=[[Psychotherapy (journal)|Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training]] |volume=32 |issue=3 |year=1995 |pages=381–388 |doi=10.1037/0033-3204.32.3.381 }} * {{cite web |title=Nightmares? Bad Dreams, or Recurring Dreams? Lucky You! |access-date=8 December 2015 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319134910/http://www.nightmares.info/nightmares.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319134910/https://web.archive.org/web/20120319134910/http://www.nightmares.info/nightmares.htm |archive-date=19 March 2012 |url-status=dead}} * {{cite journal |last=Halliday |first=G. |year=1987 |title=Direct psychological therapies for nightmares: A review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-psychology-review_1987_7_5/page/501 |journal=[[Clinical Psychology Review]] |volume=7 |issue= 5|pages=501–523 |doi=10.1016/0272-7358(87)90041-9}} * {{cite book |chapter=Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT) |title=The Encyclopedia of Trauma and Traumatic Stress Disorders |url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaoftr0000doct |url-access=registration |editor-first=Ronald M. |editor-last=Doctor |editor2-first=Frank N. |editor2-last=Shiromoto |location=New York |publisher=Facts on File |year=2010 |page=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaoftr0000doct/page/148 148] |isbn=978-0-8160-6764-0 }} * {{cite book |last=Mayer |first=Mercer |title=There's a Nightmare in My Closet |location=[New York] |publisher=Puffin Pied Piper |year=1976 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Moore |first1=Bret A. |first2=Barry |last2=Kraków |title=Imagery rehearsal therapy: An emerging treatment for posttraumatic nightmares in veterans |journal=Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy |volume=2 |issue=3 |year=2010 |pages=232–238 |doi=10.1037/a0019895 }} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q192692|c=Category:Nightmares|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=Nightmare|wikt=nightmare|species=no}} * [https://www.pitt.edu/~dash/nightmare.html Night-Mares: Demons that Cause Nightmares] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Dream]] [[Category:Fear]] [[Category:Sleep disorders]] n3970l930ru1mkqmw2ph46km6tkwwq7 0 23628 112543 110881 2026-09-25T02:30:44Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112543 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Postpartum depression''' ('''PPD'''), dem sanso know as '''perinatal''' '''depression''', be a [[mood disorder]] wich fi be experienced by pregnant anaa postpartum women.<ref name="Paulson_20102">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Carlson K, Mughal S, Azhar Y |date=2010 |title=Focusing on depression in expectant and new fathers: prenatal and postpartum depression not limited to |journal=Psychiatric Times |volume=27 |via=Gale Academic Onefile}}</ref> Symptoms dey include extreme sadness, low energy, anxiety, crying episodes, irritability, den extreme changes insyd sleeping anaa eating patterns.<ref name="NIH2017">{{cite web|title=Postpartum Depression Facts|url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/perinatal-depression|website=NIMH|access-date=11 June 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170621200731/https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/postpartum-depression-facts/index.shtml|archive-date=21 June 2017}}</ref> PPD sanso negatively fi affect de newborn kiddie.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Grace SL, Evindar A, Stewart DE | title = The effect of postpartum depression on child cognitive development and behavior: a review and critical analysis of the literature | journal = Archives of Women's Mental Health | volume = 6 | issue = 4 | pages = 263–274 | date = November 2003 | pmid = 14628179 | doi = 10.1007/s00737-003-0024-6 | s2cid = 20966469 }}</ref><ref name="Pearlstein_2009">{{cite journal | vauthors = Pearlstein T, Howard M, Salisbury A, Zlotnick C | title = Postpartum depression | journal = American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology | volume = 200 | issue = 4 | pages = 357–364 | date = April 2009 | pmid = 19318144 | pmc = 3918890 | doi = 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.11.033 }}</ref> Although de exact cause of PPD be unclear, dem dey believe to be secof a combination of physical, emotional, genetic, den social factors such as hormone imbalances den sleep deprivation.<ref name=NIH2017/><ref name=Ste2019>{{cite journal | vauthors = Stewart DE, Vigod SN | title = Postpartum Depression: Pathophysiology, Treatment, and Emerging Therapeutics | journal = Annual Review of Medicine | volume = 70 | issue = 1 | pages = 183–196 | date = January 2019 | pmid = 30691372 | doi = 10.1146/annurev-med-041217-011106 | s2cid = 59341428 }}</ref><ref name=Soa2008>{{cite journal | vauthors = Soares CN, Zitek B | title = Reproductive hormone sensitivity and risk for depression across the female life cycle: a continuum of vulnerability? | journal = Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience | volume = 33 | issue = 4 | pages = 331–343 | date = July 2008 | doi = 10.1139/jpn.0831 | pmid = 18592034 | pmc = 2440795 }}</ref> Risk factors dey include prior episodes of postpartum depression, [[bipolar disorder]], a family history of [[major depressive disorder|depression]], [[psychological stress]], complications of childbirth, lack of support, anaa a drug use disorder.<ref name=NIH2017/> Diagnosis dey base on a person ein symptoms.<ref name="Pearlstein_2009"/> While chaw women dey experience a brief period of worry anaa unhappiness after delivery, postpartum depression for be suspected wen symptoms be severe den dey last over two weeks.<ref name=NIH2017/> Among those at risk, dey provide psychosocial support fi be protective in preventing PPD.<ref name="AHRQ">{{cite web |publisher=Agency for Health Care Research and Quality |title=Perinatal Depression: Prevalence, Screening Accuracy, and Screening Outcomes |url=http://archive.ahrq.gov/clinic/epcsums/peridepsum.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111225343/http://archive.ahrq.gov/clinic/epcsums/peridepsum.htm |archive-date=2013-11-11 }}</ref> Dis fi include community support such as chow, household chores, mother care, den companionship.<ref name="Dennis_2007">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dennis CL, Fung K, Grigoriadis S, Robinson GE, Romans S, Ross L | title = Traditional postpartum practices and rituals: a qualitative systematic review | language = en-US | journal = Women's Health | volume = 3 | issue = 4 | pages = 487–502 | date = July 2007 | pmid = 19804024 | doi = 10.2217/17455057.3.4.487 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Treatment give PPD fi include counseling anaa medications.<ref name="Pearlstein_2009"/> Types of counseling wey be effective dey include interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), den psychodynamic therapy.<ref name="Pearlstein_2009"/> Tentative evidence dey support de use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).<ref name="Pearlstein_2009"/> Depression dey occur insyd roughly 10 to 20% of postpartum women.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Williams obstetrics |date=2022 |publisher=McGraw Hill Medical |isbn=978-1-260-46273-9 | veditors = Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, Dashe JS, Spong CY, Hoffman BL, Casey BM }}</ref> Postpartum depression commonly dey affect mommies wey dem experience stillbirth, mommies wey dey live insyd urban areas, den adolescent mommies.<ref name = "Carlson_2023">{{cite book |vauthors = Carlson K, Mughal S, Azhar Y | chapter = Postpartum Depression |date=2023 | chapter-url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519070/ | title = StatPearls |access-date=2023-09-18 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=30085612}}</ref> Moreover, dis mood disorder be estimated to affect 1% to 26% of new poppies.<ref name="Paulson_20102" /> A different kind of postpartum mood disorder be postpartum psychosis, wich be more severe den dey occur insyd about 1 to 2 per 1,000 women dey follow childbirth.<ref name=Sey2003>{{cite journal | vauthors = Seyfried LS, Marcus SM | title = Postpartum mood disorders | journal = International Review of Psychiatry | volume = 15 | issue = 3 | pages = 231–242 | date = August 2003 | pmid = 15276962 | doi = 10.1080/09540260305196 }}</ref> Postpartum psychosis be one of de leading causes of de murder of kiddies less dan one year of age, wich dey occur insyd about 8 per 100,000 births insyd de [[United States]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Spinelli MG | title = Maternal infanticide associated with mental illness: prevention and the promise of saved lives | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-psychiatry_2004-09_161_9/page/1548 | journal = The American Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 161 | issue = 9 | pages = 1548–1557 | date = September 2004 | pmid = 15337641 | doi = 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.9.1548 | s2cid = 35255623 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == * {{cite web|title=Depression during and after pregnancy fact sheet|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301220819/http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/depression-pregnancy.cfm|publisher=Womenshealth.gov|date=6 March 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301220819/http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/depression-pregnancy.cfm|archive-date=1 March 2012}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090320042944/http://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mentalhealthinfoforall/problems/postnatalmentalhealth/postnataldepression.aspx Postnatal Depression], information from the mental health charity The Royal College of Psychiatrists * [https://web.archive.org/web/20100701155927/http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/postnataldepression/pages/introduction.aspx NHS Choices Health A-Z]: Postnatal depression * [https://www.helpguide.org/articles/depression/postpartum-depression-and-the-baby-blues.htm Postpartum Depression and the Baby Blues] - HelpGuide.org * [https://betterbeginnings.co.uk/do-i-have-postnatal-depression/ Do I have postnatal depression?] - Better Beginnings {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected = physical}} [[Category:Depression (mood)]] [[Category:Pathology of pregnancy, childbirth den de puerperium]] [[Category:Mental disorders dem associate plus pregnancy, childbirth anaa de puerperium]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] as280nl132tmp0h84eltjhxdfqsnvt6 0 23665 112523 108511 2026-09-25T01:57:51Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112523 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Nafaanra''' (dem sam times wrep am Nafaara, dem pronounce [nafãːra]), dem sanso know as '''Nafanan''' anaa '''Nafana''', be a Senufo language dem dey speak insyd northwest [[Ghana]], along de border plus [[Ivory Coast]], east of Bondoukou. E be spoken by approximately 90,000 people.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=Nafaanra |url=https://www.ethnologue.com/25/language/nfr |url-status=live |access-date=12 February 2026 |website=Ethnologue}}</ref> Ein speakers dey call demaselves [[Nafana people|Nafana]], buh odas dem call dem Banda anaa Mfantera. Like oda Senufo languages, Nafaanra be a tonal language. E be sam wat of an outlier insyd de Senufo language group, plus de geographically-closest relatives, de Southern Senufo Tagwana–Djimini languages, approximately 200 kilometres (120 mi) to de west, on de oda side of Comoé National Park. De basic word order be subject–object–verb, like Latin den Japanese. Like oda Niger–Congo languages, e get a noun class system, plus nouns dem classify according to five different classes, wich sanso dey affect pronouns, adjectives den copulas. De phonology dey feature a distinction between de length of vowels den whether dem be oral anaa nasal (as insyd French anaa Portuguese). Der sanso be three distinct tones, a feature dem share plus de oda Senufo languages. Nafaanra grammar dey feature both tense den aspect wich be marked plus particles. Numbers be mainly formed by adding cardinal numbers to de number 5 den by multiplying de numbers 10, 20 den 100. == Geography den demography == Nafaanra be bordered by Kulango languages to de west den southeast, while dem find Deg (a Gur language) to de north den east.<ref name="e25GH3">Ghana – Maps in Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2022). ''[https://www.ethnologue.com/ Ethnologue: Languages of the World]'' (25th&nbsp;ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International.</ref><ref name="e25CI2">Côte d’Ivoire – Maps in Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2022). ''[https://www.ethnologue.com/ Ethnologue: Languages of the World]'' (25th&nbsp;ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International.</ref> De closest eastern den western neighbour be de Mande language Ligbi. Southeast den south of Nafaanra den Ligbi, dem dey speak de Akan language Abron.<ref name="e25GH3" /><ref name="e25CI2" /> De [[Nafana people]] dey live insyd de north-west corner of de Brong-Ahafo Region of Ghana, wey be concentrated mainly insyd [[Sampa, Ghana|Sampa]] (capital of de Jaman North district) den Banda. Der be two dialectal variants of Nafaanra: Pantera of Banda, den Fantera of Sampa.{{sfn|Jordan|1980|p=1}} Bendor-Samuel dey give a 79% cognate relationship on de Swadesh list between de two dialects, wey dey mean say dem get chaw basic words in common.{{sfn|Bendor-Samuel|1971}} De Banda dialect be considered central. De terms "Fantera" den "Pantera" dey cam from oda peoples wey be considered pejorative by de Nafana.{{sfn|Jordan|1980|p=1}} == Sounds == === Vowels === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+Phonetic inventory of vowels insyd Nafaanra{{sfn|Jordan|1980b|p=16}} ! !Front !Central !Back |- ! style="text-align:right" |Close |i • ĩ | |u • ũ |- ! style="text-align:right" |Close-mid |e | |o |- ! style="text-align:right" |Open-mid |ɛ • ɛ̃ | |ɔ • ɔ̃ |- ! style="text-align:right" |Open | |a • ã | |} === Consonants === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |+Phonetic inventory of consonants insyd Nafaanra in IPA notation ! colspan="2" | !labial !alveolar !palatal !velar !labial-<nowiki><br id="mwASI"></nowiki><nowiki><br></nowiki>velar !glottal |- ! colspan="2" |nasal |m |n |ɲ ⟨ny⟩ |ŋ |ŋ͡m | |- ! rowspan="2" |plosive !<small>voiceless</small> |p |t |c ⟨ch⟩ |k |k͡p | |- !<small>voiced</small> |b |d |ɟ ⟨j⟩ |ɡ |ɡ͡b | |- ! rowspan="2" |fricative !<small>voiceless</small> |f |s |ç ⟨sh⟩ | | |h |- !<small>voiced</small> |v |z | | | | |- ! colspan="2" |trill | |r | | | | |- ! colspan="2" |approximant | |l |j ⟨y⟩ | |w | |} == Grammar == [[File:O_Tafun_Nyiɛtaala.jpg|thumb|De Lord's Prayer insyd Nafanan]] === Numbers === {| class="wikitable" |+De cardinal numbers of Nafaanra widout tonal marking !No. !Nafaanra !Supyire !Notes |- | style="text-align: right;" |1 |núnu |nìŋkìn | |- | style="text-align: right;" |2 |shíín |shùùnnì | |- | style="text-align: right;" |3 |táárɛ̀ |tàànrè |Mpre: ''eta''[38] |- | style="text-align: right;" |4 |jíjirɛ̀ |sìcyɛ̀ɛ̀rè | |- | style="text-align: right;" |5 |kúnɔ |kaŋkuro | |- | style="text-align: right;" |6 |kɔ́ɔ̀-ná-nù |baa-nì |5 + 1 |- | style="text-align: right;" |7 |kɔ́ɔ̀-na-shin |baa-shùùnnì |5 + 2 |- | style="text-align: right;" |8 |kɔ́ɔ̀-ná-tárɛ̀ |baa-tàànrè |5 + 3 |- | style="text-align: right;" |9 |kɔ́ɔ̀-ná-jirɛ |baa-rìcyɛ̀ɛ̀rè |5 + 4 |- | style="text-align: right;" |10 |kɛ́ |kɛ |- | style="text-align: right;" |20 |fúlo |benjaaga | |- | style="text-align: right;" |30 |fúlo na kɛ |benjaaga na kɛ |20 + 10 |- | style="text-align: right;" |40 |fúloe shiin | |20 × 2 |- | style="text-align: right;" |50 |fúloe shiin na kɛ | |20 × 2 + 10, Rapp ''féleshen-ná-kɛ'' |- | style="text-align: right;" |60 |fuloe taarɛ | |20 × 3, however compare Rapp ''félèko-a-ná-nò'' |- | style="text-align: right;" |70 |fuloe taarɛ na kɛ | |20 × 3 + 10, Rapp ''féleko-náshèn'' |- | style="text-align: right;" |80 |fuloe jijirɛ | |20 × 4, Rapp ''féleko-ná-tàrɛ'' |- | style="text-align: right;" |90 |fuloe jijirɛ na kɛ | |20 × 4 + 10, Rapp ''félèko-ná-nyèrɛ'' |- | style="text-align: right;" |100 |lafaa | |Mpre: ''ke-lafa'' (Rapp 1933) |- | style="text-align: right;" |200 |lafɛɛ shiin | | |- | style="text-align: right;" |400 |lafɛɛ jijirɛ | | |- | style="text-align: right;" |1000 |kagbenge nunu | |Rapp ''láfâ-kɛĭ'' (100 × 10) or ''káboŋge'' |- | style="text-align: right;" |<nowiki>|2000</nowiki> |kagbenge shiin | | |} == References == <references /> == Sources == === Primary sources === * {{Cite book |last=Delafosse |first=Maurice |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k824366 |title=Vocabulaires comparatifs de plus de 60 langues ou dialectes parlés à la Côte d'Ivoire et dans les régions limitrophes (avec des notes linguistiques et ethnologiques, une bibliographie et une carte) |publisher=E. Leroux |year=1904 |language=fr}} * International Bible Society (1984): [https://web.archive.org/web/20110713004120/http://www.ifoba.com/find_a_bible/default.aspx?SysProductID=22342 Nyiɛkpɔɔ nyu nunu fɔŋgɔ]. * {{Cite book |last=Jordan |first=Dean |title=Papers on discourse |date=1978 |publisher=Summer Institute of Linguistics |isbn=0-88312-061-5 |editor-last=Grimes |editor-first=Joseph Evans |pages=84–90 |chapter=Nafaara tense-aspect in the folk tale |oclc=4516192}} * {{Cite book |last=Jordan |first=Carol |title=West African Language Data Sheets |last2=Jordan |first2=Dean |publisher=West African Linguistic Society, [[Afrika-Studiecentrum, Leiden|African Studies Centre]] |year=1980a |editor-last=Kropp-Dakubu |editor-first=Mary Esther |volume=II |pages=138–143 |language=en |chapter=Nafaara}} * {{Cite book |last=Jordan |first=Dean |url=https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/1616598 |title=Collected field reports on the phonology of Nafaara |date=1980b |publisher=[[Institute of African Studies]], University of Ghana |series=Collected language notes}} * Painter, Colin (1966) ''Word lists of two Senufo dialects: Fantera et Pantera''. Legon: University of Ghana. (30p) * {{Cite book |last=Rapp |first=Eugen Ludwig |title=Migration und kulturelle Diversität |publisher=Mitteilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen (M.S.O.S.) |year=1933 |isbn=9783631652206 |volume=36-3 |pages=66–69 |language=de |trans-title=The Náfana language in Ivory Coast and Gold Coast |chapter=Der Einfluss der Migration auf die Sprache |doi=10.3726/978-3-653-04688-5/10 |chapter-url=http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/978-3-653-04688-5/10}} === Secondary sources === * {{Cite book |last=Bendor-Samuel |first=John T. |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783111562520-007/html |title=Linguistics in sub-saharan Africa |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |year=1971 |isbn=978-3-11-156252-0 |editor-last=Sebeok |editor-first=Thomas |location=The Hauge/Paris |pages=141–178 |language=en |chapter=Niger–Congo: Gur |doi=10.1515/9783111562520-007 |editor-last2=Berry |editor-first2=Jack}} * {{Cite book |last=Blench |first=Roger |title=Recent Field Work in Ghana: Report on Dompo and a note on Mpre |date=1999}} * {{Cite book |last=Carlson |first=Robert |title=A Grammar of Supyire |url=https://archive.org/details/grammarofsupyire0000carl |date=1994 |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |isbn=3-11-014057-8 |location=Berlin |doi=10.1515/9783110883053 |oclc=30895666}} * {{Cite book |last=Hartell |first=Rhonda L. |title=The Alphabets of Africa |publisher=UNESCO and SIL |year=1993 |location=Dakar |oclc=464050942}} * {{Cite book |last=Manessy |first=Gabriel |title=Les langues dans le monde ancien et moderne |date=1981 |publisher=Éditions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique |isbn=2-222-01720-3 |editor-last=Perrot |editor-first=Jean |volume=I |location=Paris |language=fr |chapter=Les langues voltaïques |oclc=9946042 |editor-last2=Leiper Kane Collection |editor-first2=Thomas}} * {{Cite book |last=Mensah |first=Emmanuel N. A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PxTLQwAACAAJ |title=Atlas des langues gur de Côte d'Ivoire |last2=Tchagbale |first2=Zakari |date=1983 |publisher=Agence de coopération culturelle et technique / Institut de linguistique appliquée |location=Abidjan, Paris |language=fr |oclc=492982594}} * {{Cite book |last=Mills |first=Elizabeth |title=Senoufo phonology, discourse to syllable (a prosodic approach) |date=1984 |publisher=Summer Institute of Linguistics |isbn=0-88312-087-9 |location=Dallas, TX |issn=1040-0850 |oclc=11484538}} * {{Cite journal |last=Stahl |first=Ann |author-link=Ann B. Stahl |date=2004 |title=Making History in Banda: Reflections on the Construction of Africa's Past |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25617131 |journal=Historical Archaeology |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=50–65 |doi=10.1007/BF03376632 |issn=0440-9213 |jstor=25617131 |s2cid=140961583 |url-access=subscription}} * {{Cite journal |last=Swadesh |first=Morris |last2=Arana Swadesh |first2=Evangelina |last3=Bendor-Samuel |first3=John T. |last4=Wilson |first4=W. A. A. |year=1966 |title=A preliminary glottochronology of Gur languages |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200717015621/http://main.journalofwestafricanlanguages.org/index.php/downloads/summary/8-volume0302/10-a-preliminary-glottochronology-of-gur-languages |journal=Journal of West African Languages |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=27–65}} * {{Cite book |last=Westermann |first=Diedrich |title=The Languages of West Africa |last2=Bryan |first2=M. A. |last3=Arnott |first3=D. W. |publisher=Dawsons |year=1970 |isbn=0-7129-0462-X |edition=new |location=Folkstone |oclc=150447 |orig-date=1952}} == Read further == * ''Brɔfu ni yuu (a bridge material to English) Nafaanra''. Ghana Institute of Linguistics, Literacy and Bible Translation (1994) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060524165711/http://www.sil.org/computing/shoebox/Nafaanra.pdf Nafaanra dictionary <small>(PDF)</small>], by Dean Jordan of SIL. [[Category:Senufo languages]] [[Category:Languages wey dey Ghana]] [[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Languages of Ivory Coast]] cyxibnpls4f23ozmvqhoulslcxums44 0 23667 112521 85628 2026-09-25T01:55:30Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112521 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:WIKITONGUES-_Achille_speaking_Mooré_and_Dioula.webm|right|thumb|A Mooré speaker wey dey speak Mooré den Dioula, dem record insyd Taiwan. Video 1 min:23 sec, 2018.]] '''Mooré''', dem sanso call '''Burkinabé''', '''Upper Voltan''', '''More''' anaa '''Mossi''',<ref>{{Cite web |title=More, language of the Mossi tribe; phrase book. |url=https://www.loc.gov/item/61045570/ |website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=School |first=Live Lingua-Online Language |title=FSI More(Mossi) Basic Language Course |url=https://www.livelingua.com/course/fsi/more(mossi)_basic_language_course |website=Live Lingua}}</ref> be a Gur language of de Oti–Volta branch den one of four official languages of [[Burkina Faso]]. E be de language of de [[Mossi people]], approximately 6.46 million people insyd [[Burkina Faso]], [[Ghana]], [[Ivory Coast|Cote d’Ivoire]], [[Benin]], [[Niger]], [[Mali]], [[Togo]], den [[Senegal]] dey speak am as a native language, buh plus chaw more L2 speakers. Dem dey speak Mooré as a first anaa second language by over 50% of de Burkinabé population wey e be de main language insyd de capital city of [[Ouagadougou]]. E be closely related to Frafra, den less related to Dagbani. [[File:Church_of_the_Pater_Noster_mos.jpg|thumb|The Lord's Prayer insyd Mooré translation (Church of the Pater Noster)]] [[File:Mooré_(Mossi)_language_text_in_Ziga,_Sanmatenga,_Centre-Nord,_Burkina_Faso,_1981.tiff|thumb|Blackboard plus text insyd Mooré, wey dey include use of de letter Ʋ (v plus hook)]] == Phonology == De Mooré language dey consist of de following sounds:<ref>Cf. Kabore (1985) : (p.44) for the consonants, (p.85-86) for the vowels.</ref>  === Consonants === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |+Mooré consonant phonemes ! colspan="2" | !Labial !Alveolar !Postalveolar<br /><br />/ palatal !Velar !Glottal |- ! colspan="2" |Nasal |m |n |ɲ | | |- ! rowspan="2" |Stop !voiceless |p |t | |k |ʔ |- !voiced |b |d | |ɡ | |- ! rowspan="2" |Fricative !voiceless |f |s | | |h |- !voiced |v |z | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Liquid | |r | | | |- ! colspan="2" |Approximant | |l |j |w | |} Remark: * De semivowel /j/ ⟨y⟩ be pronounced [ɲ] (palatal nasal) in front of nasal vowels. === Vowels === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! colspan="2" | !Front !Central !Back |- ! rowspan="2" |Close !close |i | |u |- !near-close |ɪ | |ʊ |- ! colspan="2" |Close-mid |e | |o |- ! colspan="2" |Open | |a | |} * All vowels (oda dan /e/ den /o/) sanso fi be nasalized. * All vowels (oral den nasal) fi be short anaa long. * Oda linguists dey include de vowels /ɛ/ den /ɔ/; hie, dem be analysed as diphthongs, (/ɛ/ be considered to be ea den /ɔ/ be considered to be oa). == Orthography == Insyd [[Burkina Faso]], de Mooré alphabet dey use de letters specified insyd de national Burkinabé alphabet. Dem sanso fi be written plus de newly-devised Goulsse alphabet. == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q36096|c=Category:Mossi language|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=Mooré phrasebook|Mooré|a phrasebook|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20060916144727/http://www.bisharat.net/wikidoc/pmwiki.php/PanAfrLoc/Moore PanAfrican L10n wiki page on Moore] *[https://web.archive.org/web/20170511112221/http://dominicweb.eu/dictionaries/rosary-prayers/?language=mos Database of audio recordings in Mòoré - basic Catholic prayers] === Learning materials === *{{Cite book | publisher = World Digital Library | last = Protestant Mission, Assemblies of God | title = More (Language of the Mossi Tribe) Phrase Book | location = Ouagadougou, Upper Volta | date = <!-- c. 1955–1961 --> | url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211022170657/https://www.wdl.org/en/item/635/ }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Oti–Volta languages]] [[Category:Languages of Burkina Faso]] [[Category:Languages of Benin]] [[Category:Languages of Ivory Coast]] [[Category:Languages wey dey Ghana]] [[Category:Languages of Mali]] [[Category:Languages of Togo]] [[Category:Mossi people]] [[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] 81qtl5qv6pqzh0k586takw6tuv8k6m5 0 23670 112350 108517 2026-09-24T17:34:21Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112350 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hypoactive sexual desire disorder''' ('''HSDD'''), '''hyposexuality''', anaa '''inhibited sexual desire''' ('''ISD''') sam times be considered a sexual dysfunction, wey e be characterized as a lack anaa absence of sexual fantasies den desire for sexual activity, as judged by a clinician. For dis to be regarded as a disorder, e for cause marked distress anaa interpersonal difficulties den no be better accounted for by anoda mental disorder, a drug (legal anaa illegal), anaa sam oda medical condition. A person plus ISD no go start, anaa respond to dema partner ein desire for, sexual activity.<ref name="ummc3">{{Cite web |title=Inhibited sexual desire |url=http://umm.edu/health/medical/ency/articles/inhibited-sexual-desire |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701002450/http://umm.edu/health/medical/ency/articles/inhibited-sexual-desire |archive-date=2017-07-01 |access-date=2026-02-10 |website=University of Maryland Medical Center |language=en}}</ref> HSDD dey affect approximately 10% of all pre-menopausal women insyd de [[United States]], anaa about 6 million women,<ref name="Frellick">{{Cite web |last=Frellick |first=Marcia |title=FDA Approves New Libido-Boosting Drug for Premenopausal Women |url=https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/914779?nlid=130327_3901&src=wnl_newsalrt_190621_MSCPEDIT&uac=194606CT&impID=2003265&faf=1 |access-date=22 June 2019 |website=Medscape |publisher=WebMD LLC}}</ref> den 1.5% of men. Der be various subtypes. HSDD fi be general (general lack of sexual desire) anaa situational (still get sexual desire buh dey lack sexual desire for current partner), wey e fi be acquired (na HSDD start after a period of normal sexual functioning) anaa lifelong (de person always get no/low sexual desire). Insyd de DSM-5, na dem spilt HSDD into '''male hypoactive sexual desire disorder'''<ref name="DSM5male">{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition | chapter = Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder, 302.71 (F52.0) | editor = American Psychiatric Association | year = 2013| publisher = American Psychiatric Publishing | pages = 440–443}}</ref> den '''female sexual interest/arousal disorder'''.<ref name="DSM5female">{{cite book| title = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition | chapter = Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder, 302.72 (F52.22) | editor = American Psychiatric Association | year = 2013 | publisher = American Psychiatric Publishing | pages = 433–437}}</ref> Na dem first include am insyd de DSM-III under de name inhibited sexual desire disorder,<ref>{{cite book |title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders |url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis00amer |url-access=registration |publisher=American Psychiatric Association |location=Washington DC |year=1980 |edition=3rd}}</ref> buh na dem change de name insyd de DSM-III-R. Oda terms dem use to describe de phenomenon dey include sexual aversion den sexual apathy.<ref name="ummc3" /> More informal anaa colloquial terms be ''frigidity'' den ''frigidness''.<ref>Munjack, Dennis, and Pamela Kanno. "An overview of outcome on frigidity: treatment effects and effectiveness." Comprehensive Psychiatry 17.3 (1976): 401-413.</ref> == References == <references /> ==Read further== * {{cite book| first1= Peter |last1= Cryle |first2= Alison |last2= Moore| title= Frigidity: An Intellectual History| url= https://archive.org/details/frigidityintelle0000cryl | place= Basingstoke| publisher= Palgrave Macmillan| year= 2011 |isbn= 978-0-230-30345-4}} * {{cite journal| first1= Peter |last1= Cryle |first2= Alison |last2= Moore| title= Frigidity at the Fin-de-Siècle, a Slippery and Capacious Concept| journal= [[Journal of the History of Sexuality]]| volume= 19 |number= 2| date= May 2010 |pages= 243–61|doi= 10.1353/sex.0.0096 |pmid= 20617591 |s2cid= 40019141 }} * {{cite journal| first= Alison |last= Moore| title= Frigidity, Gender and Power in French Cultural History – From Jean Fauconney to Marie Bonaparte| journal= [[French Cultural Studies]]| volume= 20 | number= 4| date= November 2009| pages= 331–49|doi= 10.1177/0957155809344155|s2cid= 145773398}} * {{cite journal| first= Alison |last= Moore| title= The Invention of the Unsexual: Situating Frigidity in the History of Sexuality and in Feminist Thought| journal= [[French History and Civilization]] |volume= 2 | year= 2009| pages= 181–92}} * {{cite journal |last=Montgomery |first=KA |title=Sexual Desire Disorders |journal= Psychiatry (Edgmont) |date=Jun 2008 |volume=5 |issue=6 |pages=50–55 |pmc=2695750 |pmid= 19727285}} * {{cite journal |last1=Basson |first1=R |last2=Leiblum |first2=S |last3=Brotto |first3=L |last4=Derogatis |first4=L |last5=Fourcroy |first5=J |last6=Fugl-Meyer |first6=K |last7=Graziottin |first7=A |last8=Heiman |first8=JR |last9=Laan |first9=E |last10=Meston |first10=C |last11=Schover |first11=L |last12=van Lankveld |first12=J |last13=Schultz |first13=WW | display-authors= 3 |title=Definitions of women's sexual dysfunction reconsidered: advocating expansion and revision. |journal= [[Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology]] |date=December 2003 |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=221–9 |pmid=14702882 |doi=10.3109/01674820309074686|s2cid=4780569 }} * {{cite journal |last=Warnock |first=JJ |title=Female hypoactive sexual desire disorder: epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. |journal= [[CNS Drugs]] |year=2002 |volume=16 |issue=11 |pages=745–53 |pmid=12383030 |doi=10.2165/00023210-200216110-00003|s2cid=24669452 }} * {{cite journal |last=Basson |first=R |title=Women's sexual dysfunction: revised and expanded definitions |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_canadian-medical-association-journal_2005-05-10_172_10/page/1327 |journal= [[Canadian Medical Association Journal]]| publisher= [[Canadian Medical Association]] |date=10 May 2005 |volume=172 |issue=10 |pages=1327–1333 |doi=10.1503/cmaj.1020174 |pmc=557105 |pmid=15883409}} * {{cite journal |last=Nappi |first=RE |author2=Wawra, K |author3=Schmitt, S |title=Hypoactive sexual desire disorder in postmenopausal women. |journal= [[Gynecological Endocrinology]] |date=Jun 2006 |volume=22 |issue=6 |pages=318–23 |pmid=16785156 |doi=10.1080/09513590600762265|s2cid=24526712 }} == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Sexual dysfunctions]] [[Category:Asexuality]] [[Category:Non-sexuality]] eps1djw6kc67lygu4ndz5bermctcn4b 0 23674 112416 110780 2026-09-24T19:22:21Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112416 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Hypersexuality''' be a proposed medical condition dem say e cause unwanted anaa excessive sexual arousal, wey dey cause people to engage in anaa think about sexual activity to a point of distress anaa impairment.<ref name="ps.today">{{Cite web |title=hypersexuality |url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/ca/conditions/hypersexuality-sex-addiction}}, according to the website of ''[[Psychology Today]]'', 2021.</ref> Whether e for be a [[Medical diagnosis|clinical diagnosis]] wey mental healthcare professionals use be controversial.<ref name="ps.today" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=van Tuijl |first=Piet |last2=Tamminga |first2=Aerjen |last3=Meerkerk |first3=Gert-Jan |last4=Verboon |first4=Peter |last5=Leontjevas |first5=Ruslan |last6=van Lankveld |first6=Jacques |date=Sep 21, 2020 |title=Three Diagnoses for Problematic Hypersexuality; Which Criteria Predict Help-Seeking Behavior? |journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |volume=17 |issue=18 |page=6907 |doi=10.3390/ijerph17186907 |issn=1661-7827 |pmc=7559359 |pmid=32967307 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Na dem historically use de terms ''nymphomania'' den ''satyriasis'' to describe dis condition insyd women den men, respectively. Hypersexuality fi be a primary condition, anaa de symptom of oda medical conditions, such as Klüver–Bucy syndrome, [[post-traumatic stress disorder]] (anaa C-PTSD), [[bipolar disorder]], brain injury, den [[dementia]]. Hypersexuality sanso fi be a side effect of medication, such as dopaminergic drugs dem use to treat [[Parkinson's disease]].<ref name="tandfonline.com">{{Cite journal |last1=Kaplan |first1=Meg S. |last2=Krueger |first2=Richard B. |date=2010-03-24 |title=Diagnosis, Assessment, and Treatment of Hypersexuality |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00224491003592863 |journal=Journal of Sex Research |language=en |volume=47 |issue=2–3 |pages=181–198 |doi=10.1080/00224491003592863 |pmid=20358460 |s2cid=37602962 |issn=0022-4499|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |title=The prevalence and clinical characteristics of hypersexuality in patients with Parkinson's disease following dopaminergic therapy: A systematic literature review |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1353802016300451 |journal= Parkinsonism & Related Disorders|date=April 2016 |volume=25 |pages=10–16 |doi=10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.02.017 |last1=Nakum |first1=Shivanee |last2=Cavanna |first2=Andrea E. |pmid=26923525 |url-access=subscription }}</ref> Frontal lesions wey brain injury, strokes, den frontal lobotomy cause be thought to cause hypersexuality insyd individuals wey na dem suffer dese events.<ref name="tandfonline.com"/> Clinicians be yet to reach a consensus over how best to describe hypersexuality as a primary condition,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Stein |first1=Dan J. |year=2008 |title=Classifying Hypersexual Disorders: Compulsive, Impulsive, and Addictive Models |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychiatric-clinics-of-north-america_2008-12_31_4/page/587 |journal=Psychiatric Clinics of North America |volume=31 |issue=4 |pages=587–591 |doi=10.1016/j.psc.2008.06.007 |pmid=18996299 |s2cid=9083474}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bancroft |first1=John |last2=Vukadinovic |first2=Zoran |year=2004 |title=Sexual addiction, sexual compulsivity, sexual impulsivity, or what? Toward a theoretical model |url=http://66.199.228.237/boundary/Sexual_Addiction/sexual_addiction_sexual_compulsivity_sexual_impulsivity_or_what_toward_a_theoretical_model.pdf |journal=The Journal of Sex Research |volume=41 |issue=3 |pages=225–234 |doi=10.1080/00224490409552230 |pmid=15497051 |s2cid=3493468 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205020328/http://66.199.228.237/boundary/Sexual_Addiction/sexual_addiction_sexual_compulsivity_sexual_impulsivity_or_what_toward_a_theoretical_model.pdf |archive-date=2014-12-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Coleman, E. |author-link=Eli Coleman |date=July 1986 |title=Sexual Compulsion vs. Sexual Addiction: The Debate Continues |url=https://ahcaf.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/14-6.pdf |journal=[[SIECUS Report]] |volume=14 |issue=6 |pages=7–11 |access-date=2012-10-15}}</ref> anaa de suitability of describing such behaviors den impulses as a separate pathology. Hypersexual behaviors be viewed by clinicians den therapists as a type of [[obsessive–compulsive disorder]] (OCD) anaa obsessive–compulsive spectrum disorder, an addiction,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Orford |first=J. |title=Excessive appetites: A psychological view of the addictions |url=https://archive.org/details/excessiveappetit00orfo |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |year=1985 |location=Chichester, England}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Douglas |first=Weiss |title=The Final Freedom: Pioneering Sexual Addiction Recovery |url=https://archive.org/details/finalfreedompion0000weis |date=1998 |publisher=Discovery Press |isbn=978-1-881292-37-1 |location=Fort Worth, Tex. |pages=[https://archive.org/details/finalfreedompion0000weis/page/13 13]–14 |oclc=38983487}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Carnes |first=P. |title=Out of the shadows: Understanding sexual addiction |url=https://archive.org/details/outofshadowsunde0000carn |publisher=CompCare |year=1983 |location=Minneapolis, MN}}</ref> anaa an impulse-control disorder. A number of authors no dey acknowledge such a pathology,<ref>{{Cite journal |doi=10.1080/00926231003719681 |doi-access=free|title=What is Sexual Addiction? |year=2010 |last1=Levine |first1=Stephen B. |journal=Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy |volume=36 |issue=3 |pages=261–275 |pmid=20432125 }}</ref> den instead dey assert say de condition merely dey reflect a cultural dislike of exceptional sexual behavior.<ref name="Levine19882">{{cite journal |last1=Levine |first1=M. P. |last2=Troiden |first2=R. R. |year=1988 |title=The Myth of Sexual Compulsivity |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/24115543/The-Myth-of-Sexual-Compulsivity |journal=[[Journal of Sex Research]] |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=347–363 |doi=10.1080/00224498809551467 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202174943/http://www.scribd.com/doc/24115543/The-Myth-of-Sexual-Compulsivity |archive-date=2014-02-02}}</ref><ref name=Rinehart1997>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02674659708408201|doi=10.1080/02674659708408201|title=Hypersexuality: Psychopathology or normal variant of sexuality?|year=1997|last1=Rinehart|first1=Nicole J.|last2=McCabe|first2=Marita P.|journal=Sexual and Marital Therapy|volume=12|pages=45–60|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Consistent plus having no consensus over wat dey cause hypersexuality,<ref name="Kafka20102">{{Cite journal |last=Kafka |first=M. P. |author-link=Martin Kafka |year=2010 |title=Hypersexual Disorder: A Proposed Diagnosis for DSM-V |url=http://www.dsm5.org/Documents/Sex%20and%20GID%20Lit%20Reviews/Paraphilias/KAFKAHD.pdf |journal=Archives of Sexual Behavior |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=377–400 |doi=10.1007/s10508-009-9574-7 |pmid=19937105 |s2cid=2190694 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120914110342/http://www.dsm5.org/Documents/Sex%20and%20GID%20Lit%20Reviews/Paraphilias/KAFKAHD.pdf |archive-date=2012-09-14 |access-date=2013-01-02}}</ref> authors use chaw different labels to refer to am, sam times interchangeably, buh often dey depend on wich theory dem dey favor anaa wich specific behavior dem study anaa dem research; related anaa obsolete terms dey include ''compulsive masturbation'', ''compulsive sexual behavior'',<ref>{{Cite journal |doi=10.1080/00926238508406078|title=Compulsive Sexual Behavior: Definition of a Problem and an Approach to Treatment |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-sex-and-marital-therapy_summer-1985_11_2/page/121|year=1985 |last1=Quadland |first1=Michael C. |journal=Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=121–132 |pmid=4009729 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Coleman |first=E. |year=1990 |title=The obsessive–compulsive model for describing compulsive sexual behavior |url=https://www.sexualhealth.umn.edu/sites/sexualhealth.umn.edu/files/coleman_1990_obsessive-compulsive_model_for_describing_csb_am_j_preventive_psychiatry_neurology.pdf |journal=American Journal of Preventive Psychiatry & Neurology |volume=2 |pages=9–14 |access-date=2019-01-08 |archive-date=2019-01-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190108100844/https://www.sexualhealth.umn.edu/sites/sexualhealth.umn.edu/files/coleman_1990_obsessive-compulsive_model_for_describing_csb_am_j_preventive_psychiatry_neurology.pdf }}</ref> ''cybersex addiction'', ''erotomania'', ''excessive sexual drive'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2010/en#/F52.7 |title=ICD-10 entry for "Excessive sexual drive". |publisher=Apps.who.int |access-date=2012-06-22}}</ref> ''hyperphilia'',<ref>{{Cite book |last=Money |first=J. |title=Love and love sickness. The science of sex, gender difference, and pair bonding |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |year=1980 |location=Baltimore, MD}}</ref> ''hypersexuality'',<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Miller |first1=B. L. |last2=Cummings |first2=J. L. |last3=McIntyre |first3=H. |last4=Ebers |first4=G. |last5=Grode |first5=M. |year=1986 |title=Hypersexuality or altered sexual preference following brain injury |url=https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/jnnp/49/8/867.full.pdf |journal=Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry |volume=49 |issue=8 |pages=867–873 |doi=10.1136/jnnp.49.8.867 |pmc=1028946 |pmid=3746322 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Orford |first1=Jim |year=1978 |title=Hypersexuality: Implications for a Theory of Dependence |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1978.tb00157.x |journal=Addiction |volume=73 |issue=3 |pages=299–310 |doi=10.1111/j.1360-0443.1978.tb00157.x |pmid=280354 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> ''hypersexual disorder'',<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Krueger |first1=Richard B. |last2=Kaplan |first2=Meg S. |year=2001 |title=The Paraphilic and Hypersexual Disorders: An Overview |journal=Journal of Psychiatric Practice |volume=7 |issue=6 |pages=391–403 |doi=10.1097/00131746-200111000-00005 |pmid=15990552 |s2cid=17478379}}</ref> ''problematic hypersexuality'',<ref name="Kingston2008">{{Cite journal |last1=Kingston |first1=Drew A. |last2=Firestone |first2=Philip |year=2008 |title=Problematic Hypersexuality: A Review of Conceptualization and Diagnosis |journal=Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=284–310 |doi=10.1080/10720160802289249 |s2cid=53418034}}</ref> ''sexual addiction'', ''sexual compulsivity'',<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Dodge |first1=Brian |last2=Reece |first2=Michael |last3=Cole |first3=Sara L. |last4=Sandfort |first4=Theo G. M. |year=2004 |title=Sexual compulsivity among heterosexual college students |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-sex-research_2004-11_41_4/page/343 |journal=Journal of Sex Research |volume=41 |issue=4 |pages=343–350 |doi=10.1080/00224490409552241 |pmc=3331786 |pmid=15765274}}</ref> ''sexual dependency'',<ref name="Rinehart1997" /> ''sexual impulsivity'',<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kafka |first=M. P. |title=Impulsivity and aggression |publisher=John Wiley |year=1995b |editor-last=Hollander |editor-first=E. |location=Chichester, England |pages=201–228 |chapter=Sexual impulsivity |editor-last2=Stein |editor-first2=D. J.}}</ref> den ''paraphilia-related disorder''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kafka |first1=Martin P. |year=1994 |title=Paraphilia-Related Disorders{{snd}}Common, Neglected, and Misunderstood |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.3109/10673229409017112 |journal=Harvard Review of Psychiatry |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=39–40 |doi=10.3109/10673229409017112 |pmid=9384878 |s2cid=45257740 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Kafka |first=M. P. |title=Principles and practice of sex therapy |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781572305748 |publisher=Guilford Press |year=2000 |editor-last=Leiblum |editor-first=S. R. |edition=3rd |location=New York |pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781572305748/page/471 471]–503 |chapter=The paraphilia-related disorders: Nonparaphilic hypersexuality and sexual compulsivity/addiction |editor-last2=Rosen |editor-first2=R. C.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kafka |first1=Martin P. |year=2001 |title=The Paraphilia-Related Disorders: A Proposal for a Unified Classification of Nonparaphilic Hypersexuality Disorders |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/247501817 |journal=Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity |volume=8 |issue=3–4 |pages=227–239 |doi=10.1080/107201601753459937 |s2cid=144675897}}</ref> Secof de controversy wey dey surround de diagnosis of hypersexuality, der be no generally accepted definition den measurement give hypersexuality, wey dey make am difficult to determine ein prevalence. Thus, prevalence fi vary dey depend on how e be defined den measured. Overall, hypersexuality be estimated to affect 2–6% of de population, den fi be higher insyd certain populations, like men, those wey na dem be traumatized, den sex offenders.<ref name="tandfonline.com" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Walton |first1=Michael T. |last2=Cantor |first2=James M. |last3=Bhullar |first3=Navjot |last4=Lykins |first4=Amy D. |date=2017-11-01 |title=Hypersexuality: A Critical Review and Introduction to the "Sexhavior Cycle" |journal=Archives of Sexual Behavior |language=en |volume=46 |issue=8 |pages=2231–2251 |doi=10.1007/s10508-017-0991-8 |pmid=28687897 |s2cid=207092880 |issn=1573-2800}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bőthe |first1=Beáta |last2=Bartók |first2=Réka |last3=Tóth-Király |first3=István |last4=Reid |first4=Rory C. |last5=Griffiths |first5=Mark D. |last6=Demetrovics |first6=Zsolt |last7=Orosz |first7=Gábor |date=2018-11-01 |title=Hypersexuality, Gender, and Sexual Orientation: A Large-Scale Psychometric Survey Study |journal=Archives of Sexual Behavior |language=en |volume=47 |issue=8 |pages=2265–2276 |doi=10.1007/s10508-018-1201-z |pmid=29926261 |s2cid=49333993 |issn=1573-2800}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q267907|c=Category:Hypersexuality|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=Wikisaurus:libidinist|species=no}} * [[wikt:Wikisaurus:libidinist|WikiSaurus:libidinist]] {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected = physical}}{{Authority control}} [[Category:Sexual dysfunctions]] [[Category:Casual sex]] [[Category:Sexual addiction]] [[Category:Sexual arousal]] [[Category:Sexual health]] [[Category:Sexuality]] [[Category:Sexual disorders]] 3qzh0nqgtujiv87hy4bt4q06gawelbe 0 23765 112369 85751 2026-09-24T18:06:14Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112369 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Substance dependence''', dem sanso know as '''drug dependence''', be a biopsychological situation wer by an individual ein functionality be dependent on de necessitated re-consumption of a [[Psychoactive drug|psychoactive substance]] secof an adaptive state wey develop within de individual from psychoactive substance consumption wey result in de experience of withdrawal den dey necessitate de re-consumption of de drug.<ref name="NHM terms-DSM flaw">{{Cite book |title=Molecular Neuropharmacology: A Foundation for Clinical Neuroscience |vauthors=Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE |publisher=McGraw-Hill Medical |year=2009 |isbn=9780071481274 |veditors=Sydor A, Brown RY |edition=2nd |location=New York |pages=364–368 |chapter=Chapter 15: Reinforcement and Addictive Disorders |quote=The defining feature of addiction is compulsive, out-of-control drug use, despite negative consequences.&nbsp;...<br />Addictive drugs are both rewarding and reinforcing.&nbsp;... Familiar pharmacologic terms such as tolerance, dependence, and sensitization are useful in describing some of the time-dependent processes that underlie addiction.&nbsp;... <br />''Dependence'' is defined as an adaptive state that develops in response to repeated drug administration, and is unmasked during ''withdrawal'', which occurs when drug taking stops. Dependence from long-term drug use may have both a somatic component, manifested by physical symptoms, and an emotional–motivation component, manifested by dysphoria. While physical dependence and withdrawal occur with some drugs of abuse (opiates, ethanol), these phenomena are not useful in the diagnosis of addiction because they do not occur with other drugs of abuse (cocaine, amphetamine) and can occur with many drugs that are not abused (propranolol, clonidine).<br /><br />The official diagnosis of drug addiction by the Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders (2000), which makes distinctions between drug use, abuse, and substance dependence, is flawed. First, diagnosis of drug use versus abuse can be arbitrary and reflect cultural norms, not medical phenomena. Second, the term substance dependence implies that dependence is the primary pharmacologic phenomenon underlying addiction, which is likely not true, as tolerance, sensitization, and learning and memory also play central roles. It is ironic and unfortunate that the Manual avoids use of the term addiction, which provides the best description of the clinical syndrome.}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Substance use disorder: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001522.htm |access-date=2026-02-14 |website=medlineplus.gov |language=en}}</ref> A ''drug addiction'', a distinct concept from substance dependence, be defined as compulsive, out-of-control drug use, despite negative consequences.<ref name="NHM terms-DSM flaw" /><ref name=":0" /> An ''addictive drug'' be a drug wich both be rewarding den reinforcing.<ref name="NHM terms-DSM flaw" /> ΔFosB, a gene transcription factor, wich now be known to be a critical component den common factor insyd de development of virtually all forms of behavioral den drug addictions,<ref name="Nestler">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Robison AJ, Nestler EJ |date=October 2011 |title=Transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms of addiction |journal=Nature Reviews. Neuroscience |volume=12 |issue=11 |pages=623–37 |doi=10.1038/nrn3111 |pmc=3272277 |pmid=21989194 |quote=ΔFosB has been linked directly to several addiction-related behaviors&nbsp;... Importantly, genetic or viral overexpression of ΔJunD, a dominant negative mutant of JunD which antagonizes ΔFosB- and other AP-1-mediated transcriptional activity, in the NAc or OFC blocks these key effects of drug exposure14,22–24. This indicates that ΔFosB is both necessary and sufficient for many of the changes wrought in the brain by chronic drug exposure. ΔFosB is also induced in D1-type NAc MSNs by chronic consumption of several natural rewards, including sucrose, high fat food, sex, wheel running, where it promotes that consumption14,26–30. This implicates ΔFosB in the regulation of natural rewards under normal conditions and perhaps during pathological addictive-like states.}}</ref><ref name="ΔFosB reward">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Blum K, Werner T, Carnes S, Carnes P, Bowirrat A, Giordano J, Oscar-Berman M, Gold M |year=2012 |title=Sex, drugs, and rock 'n' roll: hypothesizing common mesolimbic activation as a function of reward gene polymorphisms |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-psychoactive-drugs_january-march-2012_44_1/page/38 |journal=Journal of Psychoactive Drugs |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=38–55 |doi=10.1080/02791072.2012.662112 |pmc=4040958 |pmid=22641964 |quote=It has been found that deltaFosB gene in the NAc is critical for reinforcing effects of sexual reward. Pitchers and colleagues (2010) reported that sexual experience was shown to cause DeltaFosB accumulation in several limbic brain regions including the NAc, medial pre-frontal cortex, VTA, caudate, and putamen, but not the medial preoptic nucleus. Next, the induction of c-Fos, a downstream (repressed) target of DeltaFosB, was measured in sexually experienced and naive animals. The number of mating-induced c-Fos-IR cells was significantly decreased in sexually experienced animals compared to sexually naive controls. Finally, DeltaFosB levels and its activity in the NAc were manipulated using viral-mediated gene transfer to study its potential role in mediating sexual experience and experience-induced facilitation of sexual performance. Animals with DeltaFosB overexpression displayed enhanced facilitation of sexual performance with sexual experience relative to controls. In contrast, the expression of DeltaJunD, a dominant-negative binding partner of DeltaFosB, attenuated sexual experience-induced facilitation of sexual performance, and stunted long-term maintenance of facilitation compared to DeltaFosB overexpressing group. Together, these findings support a critical role for DeltaFosB expression in the NAc in the reinforcing effects of sexual behavior and sexual experience-induced facilitation of sexual performance.&nbsp;... both drug addiction and sexual addiction represent pathological forms of neuroplasticity along with the emergence of aberrant behaviors involving a cascade of neurochemical changes mainly in the brain's rewarding circuitry.}}</ref><ref name="Natural and drug addictions">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Olsen CM |date=December 2011 |title=Natural rewards, neuroplasticity, and non-drug addictions |journal=Neuropharmacology |volume=61 |issue=7 |pages=1109–22 |doi=10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.03.010 |pmc=3139704 |pmid=21459101}}</ref> buh no be dependence. De International Classification of Diseases dey classify substance dependence as a [[mental disorder|mental]] den behavioural disorder.<ref>Drs; {{cite web |url=https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/bluebook.pdf |title= The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines |first1=Norman|last1= Sartorius|author-link=Norman Sartorius|last2= Henderson|first2=A.S.|last3= Strotzka|first3=H.|last4= Lipowski|first4=Z. |last5= Yu-cun|first5=Shen|last6=You-xin|first6=Xu |last7=Strömgren|first7=E. |last8= Glatzel|first8=J. |last9= Kühne|first9=G.-E.|last10= Misès|first10=R.|last11=Soldatos|first11=C.R. |last12= Pull|first12=C.B.|last13= Giel|first13=R.|last14= Jegede|first14=R.|last15=Malt|first15=U. |last16= Nadzharov|first16=R.A.|last17= Smulevitch|first17=A.B.|last18= Hagberg|first18=B.|last19= Perris|first19=C.|last20= Scharfetter|first20=C. |last21= Clare|first21=A. |last22= Cooper|first22=J.E. |last23= Corbett|first23=J.A. |last24=Griffith Edwards |first24=J. |last25= Gelder|first25=M.|last26= Goldberg|first26=D.|last27= Gossop|first27=M.|last28= Graham|first28=P.|last29=Kendell|first29=R.E. |last30= Marks|first30=I.|last31= Russell|first31=G.|last32= Rutter|first32=M.|last33= Shepherd|first33=M.|last34= West |first34=D.J.|last35= Wing |first35=J. |last36= Wing|first36=L.|last37= Neki|first37=J.S. |last38= Benson|first38=F.|last39= Cantwell|first39=D. |last40=Guze|first40=S. |last41= Helzer|first41=J.|last42= Holzman|first42=P.|last43= Kleinman|first43=A.|last44=Kupfer|first44=D.J.|last45= Mezzich|first45=J. |last46= Spitzer|first46=R. |last47=Lokar |first47=J. |website=www.who.int [[World Health Organization]] |publisher=[[Microsoft Word]] |agency=bluebook.doc |page=65 |access-date=23 June 2021 |via=[[Microsoft Bing]]}}</ref> Insyd de ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' (DSM-5) (dem release insyd 2013), na [[substance abuse]] den substance dependence be eliminated den replaced plus de single diagnosis of substance use disorders. Na dem do dis secof "de tolerance den withdrawal wey previously define dependence be actually very normal responses to prescribed medications wey affect de central nervous system wey no necessarily dey indicate de presence of an addiction."<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2014-03-11 |title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5 (5th edition)2014 102 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5 (5th edition) Washington, DC American Psychiatric Association 2013 xliv+947 pp. 9780890425541(hbck);9780890425558(pbck) £175 $199 (hbck); £45 $69 (pbck) |journal=Reference Reviews |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=36–37 |doi=10.1108/rr-10-2013-0256 |issn=0950-4125}}</ref> ==Risk factors== [[File:Mental health as a risk factor for illicit drug dependency or abuse, OWID.svg|thumb|upright=2|Mental health as a risk factor for illicit drug dependency anaa abuse]] ===Dependence potential=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Drug !! Mean !! Pleasure !! Psychological dependence !! Physical dependence |- | [[Heroin]]/[[Morphine]] || 3.00 || 3.0 || 3.0 || 3.0 |- | [[Cocaine]] || 2.39 || 3.0 || 2.8 || 1.3 |- | [[Tobacco]] || 2.21 || 2.3 || 2.6 || 1.8 |- | [[Barbiturates]] || 2.01 || 2.0 || 2.2 || 1.8 |- | [[Alcohol (drug)|Alcohol]] || 1.93 || 2.3 || 1.9 || 1.6 |- |[[Ketamine]] |1.54 |1.9 |1.7 |1.0 |- | [[Benzodiazepines]] || 1.83 || 1.7 || 2.1 || 1.8 |- | [[Amphetamine]] || 1.67 || 2.0 || 1.9 || 1.1 |- | [[Cannabis (drug)|Cannabis]] || 1.51 || 1.9 || 1.7 || 0.8 |- | [[Ecstasy (drug)|Ecstasy]] || 1.13 || 1.5 || 1.2 || 0.7 |} ===Capture rates=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Drug !! % of users |- | [[Cannabis (drug)|Cannabis]] || 9% |- |[[Caffeine]] |9% |- | [[Alcohol (drug)|Alcohol]] || 15.4% |- | [[Cocaine]] || 16.7% |- | [[Heroin]] || 23.1% |- | [[Tobacco]] || 31.9% |- |} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} *[http://www.asam.org/ American Society of Addiction Medicine website] *[http://ec.europa.eu/health-eu/my_lifestyle/drugs/index_en.htm Health-EU Portal – Drugs] *[http://om911.com/the-ukraine-sex-drug-addiction-poverty-and-aids-in-2011.html people, drug addicts] *[http://jari.podbean.com/2013/01/14/trips-beyond-addiction-special-program-for-living-hero-w-jari-chevalier-radio-show-at-wgdrorg/ Trips Beyond Addiction] | Living Hero Radio Show and Podcast special. With Dimitri Mobengo Mugianis, Bovenga Na Muduma, Clare S. Wilkins, Brad Burge, Tom Kingsley Brown, Susan Thesenga, Bruce K. Alexander, PhD ~ the voices of ex-addicts, researchers from The Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies and Ibogaine/Iboga/Ayahuasca treatment providers sharing their experiences in breaking addiction with native medicines. January 2013 * [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/drugs/buyers/socialhistory.html A social history of America's most popular drugs.] *National Institute on Drug Abuse: "[http://teens.drugabuse.gov/drug-facts/brain-and-addiction NIDA for Teens: Brain and Addiction]". *{{Cite web|url = http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/fr/d/Js4896e/9.html|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121009055920/http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/fr/d/Js4896e/9.html|url-status = dead|archive-date = 9 October 2012|title = WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence – WHO Technical Report Series, No. 915 – Thirty-third Report|date = 2003|access-date = 26 February 2015 |website = apps.who.int}} - [https://web.archive.org/web/20120425193418/http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/pdf/s4896e/s4896e.pdf pdf] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Substance-related disorders]] [[Category:Substance dependence| ]] 86k3ovc2ixr8z16w8d2ivq5ivd8k8rm 0 23792 112449 110009 2026-09-24T23:55:34Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112449 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Asafo_Flag,_No._2_Company;_created_by_Akwa_Osei;_Ghana,_Fante_people;_c._1900,_Cotton_and_rayon,_embroidery_and_appliqué.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Asafo flag, No. 2 Company; wey Akwa Osei create, Ghana, Fante people; c. 1900, Cotton den rayon, embroidery den appliqué]] [[File:Asafo_no_1_company_flag.jpg|thumb|Asafo flag, No. 1 Company]] '''Asafo''' be traditional warrior groups insyd [[Akan people|Akan]] culture, wey base on lineal descent.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=DeCorse |first=Christopher R. |last2=Sam Spiers |date=2009 |title=A tale of two polities: socio-political transformation on the Gold Coast in the Atlantic World |url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/72fc/667b123a59e90491d9bb2597bdb89ee407f6.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Australasian Historical Archaeology |volume=27 |page=36 |s2cid=67755840 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200215081331/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/72fc/667b123a59e90491d9bb2597bdb89ee407f6.pdf |archive-date=2020-02-15}}</ref> De word dey derive from sa, wey dey mean war, den fo, wey dey mean people. De traditional role of de Asafo companies be defence of de state. As de result of contact plus European colonial powers on de [[Gold Coast (region)|Gold Coast]] (present-day Ghana), de [[Fante people|Fante]], wey dey inhabit de coastal region, develop an especially complex version of de concept in terms of ein social den political organization based on martial principles, den plus elaborate traditions of visual art,<ref name="twi.bb">{{Cite web |title=Asafo Companies |url=http://www.twi.bb/akan-asafo.php |access-date=23 April 2012 |publisher=twi.bb}}</ref> wey dey include flag banners plus figurative scenes,<ref name="Casely-Hayford">{{Cite web |last=Casely-Hayford, Gus |author-link=Gus Casely-Hayford |date=4 February 2016 |title=Gus Casely-Hayford on Fante Asafo Flags – Artist & Empire |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eXZd_oDMkeI |publisher=Tate |via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 April 2018 |title=Asafo Flags: Stitches Through Time |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uh2XaqB_pl0 |website=Heni Talks}}</ref> den designs wey dey allude to historical events anaa proverbs.<ref>Ong, Jyni, [https://www.itsnicethat.com/articles/asafo-flags-fante-people-misc-110918 "Asafo flags embody cultural meanings and narratives from Ghana’s Fante people"], ''It's Nice That'', 11 September 2018.</ref> ''Posuban'' shrines (dem derive de name from a corrupted form of de word "post" dem combine plus de word "ban", wey dey signify a fortification) be traditional structures dem usually make of concrete, intricately designed den painted plus bright colours, wey dey serve as both military den religious posts give Asafo groups, as well as meeting grounds.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 March 2023 |title=Posuban Shrines of Ghana |url=https://www.asafoflags.com/post/posuban-shrines-of-ghana#:~:text=Posuban%20shrines%20are%20traditional%20fortified,%E2%80%9Cban%E2%80%9D%20meaning%20a%20fortification. |access-date=25 December 2023 |website=Asafo Flags}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.culturalencyclopaedia.org/posuban-fante-military-shrines|title=Posuban: Fante Military Shrines|first=Désiré|last=Eli-Zafoe|encyclopedia=The Cultural Encyclopaedia|access-date=25 December 2023}}</ref> == Asafo societies on de Gold Coast == === Elmina === [[File:Asafo_No._4_Wombir_post.JPG|thumb|Posuban of Asafo company No. 4 Wombir insyd [[Elmina]].]] [[File:Asafo_No._1_Ankobea_post.JPG|thumb|Posuban of Asafo company No. 1 Ankobea.]] [[File:Asafo_No._10_Akrampafo_flag.JPG|thumb|Flag of Asafo company No. 10 Akrampafo, dem sanso know as de ''Vrijburgers'', wich dem wrep (white-on-white, so difficult to see) on de white part of de flag.]] Insyd [[Elmina]], Asafo companies emerge insyd de early 18th century out of de wards of Elmina wey exist since at least de 17th century. De omission of a description of Asafo companies insyd Willem Bosman ein Nauwkeurige beschrijving (1703) dey lead academic Harvey Feinberg to de conclusion say na dese companies no fi be very important by dat date.{{sfn|Feinberg|1989|p=105}} Dis change insyd de first quarter of de 18th century, wen na dem complement de original three wards by four new wards wey dey consist of new immigrant groups to Elmina.{{sfn|Feinberg|1989|p=105}} Insyd 1724, wen na de Dutch dey hia de help of de Elminese to oust John Canoe from Fort Groß Friedrichsburg, dem organize de wards into rank order, wey each ward get a number den an established military formation. Na e be dis occasion wey give rise to de domination of Asafo companies insyd de socio-political life of Elmina, den of de 10 Asafo companies wey dey exist today, na dem mention seven insyd 1724:{{sfn|Feinberg|1989|p=105}} * No. 1 Ankobea (sanso Ankobia) * No. 2 Akyemfo (sanso Akim) * No. 3 Akyem-Nkodwo (sanso Encodjo) * No. 4 Wombir (previously Assamfoe, Appendjafoe) * No. 5 Abese (sanso Abesi) * No. 6 Alatamanfo (sanso Allade, Adjadie) * No. 7 Eyampa Na all companies be headed by a tufohen, den each one of dem get ein own flag.<ref>Adler, Peter, and Nicholas Barnard, ''Asafo!: African Flags of the Fante'', London: Thames & Hudson, 1992.</ref>{{sfn|Yarak|2003}} Na dem rank de Asafo companies insyd reverse order of importance. Asafo company No. 7 Eyampa suppose to be de company of de founder of Elmina, Kwa Amankwaa.{{sfn|Feinberg|1989|p=106}} Dis company still dey elect de King of Elmina, wey for either be from de Nsona anaa Anona royal family.<ref name="Ulzen2">{{cite book |last=Ulzen |first=T. P. Manus |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TCs-UspIcOQC&q=Akrampafo+burgomaster&pg=PA97 |title=Java Hill: An African Journey: A nation's evolution through ten generations of a family linking four continents |date=2013 |publisher=Xlibris Corporation |isbn=9781479791217 |page=97}}</ref> Asafo company No. 3 Akyem-Nkodwo dey elect de leader of all Asafo companies dem know as de Great Ensign (Dutch: Groot Vaandrig).<ref name="Ulzen2" /> Na dis be de case under Dutch influence. However, de commander of all de Asafo companies insyd Elmina now be known as de Tufuhene. De importance of rank be illustrated by de conflict between No. 5 Abese den No. 6 Alatamanfo insyd de late 1750s over de number six position.{{sfn|Feinberg|1989|p=106}} Na e be only wen Governor Jan Pieter Theodoor Huydecoper threaten to fire cannon from Fort Coenraadsburg into Elmina wey na dem finally settle de conflict. Insyd de 19th century, na dem add three Asafo companies to de existing seven:  * No. 8 Brofomba * No. 9 Maa wore * No. 10 Akrampafo No. 8 Brofomba consist of refugees from Eguafo den Simbiw, wey flee to Elmina during de Fante War of 1810. No. 9 Maa wore consist of de descendants of de slaves wey na dem work give de Dutch West India Company wey dem collectively dismissed insyd de early 19th century. No. 10 Akrampafo consist of free citizens (Dutch: ''vrijburgers''). Dis company comprise mulattoes wey na dem consider equals to de European officers, wey na dem often work insyd de lower ranks of de Dutch administration. Dis company elect de burgomaster of Elmina.<ref name="Ulzen2" /> === Cape Coast === Insyd [[Cape Coast]] (Oguaa traditional area) der be traditionally seven asafo companies: ''Bentsir, Anaafo, Ntin, Nkum, Brofomba, Akrampa'' den ''Amanful.'' Each company be headed by a superior captain (''"Supi"'') den under de ''Supi'' be a captain (''"Safohen"''). De leader of de asafo companies be de ''Tufuhen'', dem sanso spell ''Twafohen'' anaa ''Twaafohen''<ref>Baah-Acheamfour, Kwaku, [https://allafrica.com/stories/200808251181.html "Ghana: Heroes Are Better Honoured Alive"], ''[[AllAfrica]]'', 25 August 2008.</ref><ref>Asmah, Kobby, and Timothy Gobah, [https://www.graphic.com.gh/news/general-news/be-neutral-professional-political-parties-urge-stakeholders.html "Be neutral, professional — Political parties urge stakeholders"], ''Graphic Online'', 15 September 2016.</ref> (master of arms),<ref>Elicot Nana Kweku Okyere III, [https://elicotgroup.wordpress.com/2021/07/02/the-tufohen-stool-of-oguaa-traditional-areathe-general-commander-of-the-state-master-of-arms-of-the-seven-asafo-companies-in-oguaa/ "THE TUFOHEN STOOL OF OGUAA TRADITIONAL AREA (The General Commander of the State & Master of Arms of the Seven Asafo Companies in Oguaa)"], ''Oguaa in perspectives'', 2 July 2021.</ref> wey be regarded as de General Captain plus responsibility for giving orders den directing affairs if war break out.<ref>[http://capecoast.ghanadistricts.gov.gh/?arrow=atd&_=50&sa=2655 Cape Coast metropolitan Assembly.]</ref> De asafo companies dey feature largely insyd de [[Fetu Afahye]] festival of Cape Coast, dem hold annually on de first Saturday of September.<ref>Paintsil, David Allan, [http://thechronicle.com.gh/oguaa-to-showcase-potential-of-traditional-warriors-in-2012-fetu-afahye/ "Oguaa to showcase potential of traditional warriors…in 2012 Fetu Afahye"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006075050/http://thechronicle.com.gh/oguaa-to-showcase-potential-of-traditional-warriors-in-2012-fetu-afahye/|date=6 October 2014}}, ''The Chronicle'' (Ghana), 11 May 2012.</ref> == Colours == Each Asafo company get designated uniform colours wey na be historically established.<ref>Du Toit, Herman (ed.), [https://books.google.com/books?id=bfUZBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA118 ''Pageants and Processions: Images and Idiom as Spectacle''], Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2009, p. 118.</ref> [[Esi Sutherland-Addy]] dey identify dese insyd Oguaa as:<ref>Sutherland-Addy, Esi, [https://web.archive.org/web/20150527122659/http://archive.lib.msu.edu/DMC/African%20Journals/pdfs/Institue%20of%20African%20Studies%20Research%20Review/1998v14n2/asrv014002002.pdf "Women and Verbal Arts in the Oguaa-Edina Area"], ''Research Review (NS)'', Vol. 14, No. 2 (1998), p. 7.</ref> * No. 1. Bentsir – red * No. 2. Anafo – blue and white * No. 3. Ntsin – green * No. 4. Nkum – yellow * No. 5. Amanful – wine and black * No. 6. Abrofomba (Brofo Nkoa) – white * No. 7. Ankrampa – white and black == Read further == * {{Cite book |last=Anderson |first=George Jnr |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320264773 |title=Colonial Heritage, Memory and Sustainability in Africa |date=2016 |publisher=Langaa RPCI |isbn= |editor-last=Mawere |editor-first=Munyaradzi |chapter=Akan Asafo Company: A Practical Model for Achieving True African Liberation and Sustainable Development |editor-last2=Tapuwa R. Mubaya}} * {{Cite book |last=Casely-Hayford |first=Augustus Lavinus |author-link=Gus Casely-Hayford |url=https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/32194/1/Casely-Hayford_1702.pdf |title=A Genealogical History of Cape Coast Stool Families |date=1992 |publisher=The School of Oriental and African Studies}} PhD Thesis. * {{Cite journal |last=Datta |first=Ansu |date=October 1972 |title=The Fante ''Asafo'': a Re-examination |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/africa/article/fante-asafo-a-reexamination/A13EE0A5A1F3B1D3764BFA4831E22189 |journal=Africa |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=42 |issue=4 |pages=305–315 |doi=10.2307/1158498 |jstor=1158498 |s2cid=144209815 |url-access=subscription}} * {{Cite journal |last=Datta |first=Ansu K. |last2=R. Porter |date=1971 |title=The Asafo System in Historical Perspective |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/180884 |journal=[[The Journal of African History]] |volume=12 |pages=279–97 |doi=10.1017/S0021853700010689 |jstor=180884 |s2cid=143911820 |url-access=subscription |access-date=18 September 2020}} * {{Cite book |last=Feinberg |first=Harvey M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3SELAAAAIAAJ |title=Africans and Europeans in West Africa: Elminans and Dutchmen on the Gold Coast During the Eighteenth Century |publisher=American Philosophical Society |year=1989 |isbn=9780871697974 |location=Philadelphia}} * {{Cite journal |last=Shaloff |first=Stanley |year=1974 |title=The Cape Coast Asafo Company Riot of 1932 |journal=The International Journal of African Historical Studies |volume=7 |issue=4 |pages=591–607 |doi=10.2307/216597 |jstor=216597}} * {{Cite book |last=Van der Meer |first=Dirk |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001606/http://members.casema.nl/dirkvandermeer/goudkust/goudkust.htm |title=De goudkust na de slavenhandel: Plannen om de Nederlandse Bezittingen ter kuste van Guinea rendabel te maken |publisher=Universiteit Utrecht |year=1990 |location=Utrecht |access-date=2012-04-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001606/https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001606/http://members.casema.nl/dirkvandermeer/goudkust/goudkust.htm |archive-date=2016-03-04 |url-status=dead}} * {{Cite journal |last=Yarak |first=Larry W. |year=2003 |title=A West African Cosmopolis: Elmina (Ghana) in the Nineteenth Century |url=http://www.historycooperative.org/proceedings/seascapes/yarak.html |url-status=dead |journal=Seascapes, Littoral Cultures, and Trans-Oceanic Exchanges |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100329042920/http://www.historycooperative.org/proceedings/seascapes/yarak.html |archive-date=29 March 2010 |access-date=23 April 2012}} == Sanso spy == * [[Akan chieftaincy]] == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20190227223209/http://www.twi.bb/akan-asafo.php twi.bb Online dictionary for the Twi language of the Akan people of Ghana in West Africa.] * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GpFVeWPQCAQ Fetu Afahye Festival 2010 2/2 Chiefs arrive, YouTube.] * Brian L. Perkins (10 January 1994), [http://digitalcollections.sit.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context=african_diaspora_isp "Traditional Institution in Coastal Development: Asafo Companies in Cape Coast History"], DigitalCollections@SIT, African Diaspora Collection. * Ella Jeffreys, [https://web.archive.org/web/20240513191850/https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/37840/1/Jeffreys_2022.pdf "War People: A Cultural History of Violence among the Fante Asafo"] (PhD thesis). SOAS, University of London, 2021. [[Category:Akan culture]] [[Category:History of Ghana]] [[Category:African warriors]] fc49v8uyrtaenus1ljcok57lvdee71f 0 23866 112466 89186 2026-09-25T00:29:24Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112466 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Christian film industry''' be aspect of Christian media give films wey dey contain a Christian-themed message anaa moral. Dem often interdenominational films, but sanso fi be films wey dey target a specific denomination of Christianity. == Ein criteria == Popular mainstream studio productions of films plus strong Christian messages anaa Biblical stories, such as ''Ben-Hur'', ''The Ten Commandments'', ''The Prince of Egypt'', ''The Robe'', ''Sergeant York'', ''The Blind Side'', ''The Book of Eli'',<ref>Chen, Sandie Angulo (January 15, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100702121456/http://insidemovies.moviefone.com/2010/01/15/book-of-eli-christian-messages-themes-audiences "Will Christian Audiences Embrace Denzel's 'Book of Eli'?"]. ''Moviefone''. Archived from [http://insidemovies.moviefone.com/2010/01/15/book-of-eli-christian-messages-themes-audiences/ the original] on July 2, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2010.</ref> ''Machine Gun Preacher'', ''Risen'', ''Hacksaw Ridge'', den ''Silence'', no be specifically part of de Christian film industry, being more agnostic about demma audiences' religious beliefs. Dem films generally sanso get much higher budget, production values den better-known film stars, den be received more favorably plus film critics. Many films from de Christian film industry be produced by openly confessing Christians insyd independent companies mainly dey target a Christian audience. Dis get dey be on de rise since de success of Sherwood Pictures wey ''Fireproof'' be de highest-grossing independent film of 2008.<ref>Buss, Dale (January 21, 2009). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123249904737100583 "What Christians Watch"]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150622025213/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123249904737100583 Archived] from the original on 22 June 2015. Retrieved April 6, 2009.</ref> == Ein history == <big>'''Beginnings'''</big> [[File:Wymondham magic lantern.jpg|thumb|281x281px|Magic lantern at the Wymondham Museum.]] Catholic priest Athanasius Kircher promoted de magic lantern by publishing de book ''Ars Magna Lucis et Umbrae'' insyd 1646.<ref>Vermier, Koen (25 May 2005). [https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087405006709 "The magic of the magic lantern (1660–1700): on analogical demonstration and the visualization of the invisible"]. ''The British Journal for the History of Science''. '''38''' (2). Cambridge University Press: 127–159. [[Doi (identifier)|doi:]][[doi:10.1017/s0007087405006709|10.1017/s0007087405006709]]. [[ISSN (identifier)|ISSN]] [https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0007-0874 0007-0874]. [[S2CID (identifier)|S2CID]] [https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143404000 143404000].</ref> Controversy soon followed as priests den masons used de lanterns ''"to persuade followers of their ability to control both the forces of darkness and enlightenment,"'' den temperance groups used de lanterns to fight alcoholism.<ref>Herlihy, Patricia (12 December 2002). ''The Alcoholic Empire: Vodka & Politics in Late Imperial Russia''. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 20. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-19-513431-1|0-19-513431-1]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/47140987 47140987]. <q>alcoholism magic</q></ref> For de 1800s insyd, missionaries such as David Livingstone used de lanterns to present de Gospel for Africa insyd.<ref>Horne, Silvester C. (May 5, 2006). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=UcYe5wFziLoC&q=magic+lantern&pg=PA2 David Livingstone]''. Kessinger Publishing. p. 76. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/1-4254-9628-8|1-4254-9628-8]]</bdi>.</ref> Through de years, many Christians began dey utilize motion pictures give demma own purposes.<ref name=":0">Lindvall, Terry (2007). ''Sanctuary Cinema: Origins of the Christian Film Industry''. New York: New York University Press. pp. 56–57. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-5323-1|978-0-8147-5323-1]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/794701134 794701134].</ref> For 1899 insyd, Herbert Booth, as part of de Salvation Army, claimed to be de first user of film give de cause of Christianity.<ref name=":0" /> === 20th century === For de 1940s insyd, Christian film libraries emerged. Harvey W. Marks started de Visual Aid Center insyd 1945. Around 1968, Harry Bristow launched Christian Cinema insyd a small theater for de Germantown area of Philadelphia insyd, den for de early 1970s insyd, de ministry moved to a theater insyd Ambler, Pennsylvania. Christian Cinema operated a movie theater dat showed only Christian films, but e close down for de mid-1990s insyd. De growth of Christian film libraries led to de Christian Film Distributors Association (CFDA) being formed insyd 1974. De CFDA began dey hold a conference each year give Christian filmmakers den distributors. De ''Christian Film and Video Association'' (formerly de ''Christian Film Distribution Association'') gave out Crown Awards give films dat "glorify Jesus Christ."<ref>Kintz, Linda; Lesage, Julia (April 1998). ''Media, Culture, and the Religious Right''. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. pp. [[iarchive:mediaculturer00kint/page/194|194]]. [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] <bdi>[[:en:Special:BookSources/0-8166-3084-4|0-8166-3084-4]]</bdi>. [[OCLC (identifier)|OCLC]] [https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/37947297 37947297].</ref> Spencer Williams ein 1941 race film ''The Blood of Jesus'' wey dem screened insyd cinemas den for Black churches insyd.<ref name=":1">[https://web.archive.org/web/20081023155012/http://www.villagevoice.com/2008-03-18/film/titans-of-race-cinema/ ""Micheaux and Williams: Titans of 'Race' Cinema," Village Voice, March 18, 2008"]. Archived from [http://www.villagevoice.com/2008-03-18/film/titans-of-race-cinema/ the original] on October 23, 2008. Retrieved November 18, 2008.</ref> Dem produce de film for Texas insyd for budget of US$5,000 top. To present de afterlife, Williams used scenes from a 1911 Italian film wey dey bell am ''L'Inferno'' dat depicted souls wey dey enter Heaven den in addition to Williams, dem make de cast up of amateur actors den members of Reverend R. L. Robinson's Heavenly Choir, wey sang de film ein gospel music score.<ref name=":1" /> De film's commercial success enabled Williams to direct den write additional feature films give Sack Amusement Enterprises, wey dey include two films plus religious themes: ''Brother Martin: Servant of Jesus'' (1942; now considered a lost film<ref>[https://www.cinema.ucla.edu/blogs/archive-blog/2022/08/15/spencer-williams-brother-martin-servant-of-jesus Archival Treasures: Spencer Williams' "Brother Martin" Trailer|UCLA Film & Television Archive]</ref><ref>Hall, Phil. [https://web.archive.org/web/20110607142120/http://www.filmthreat.com/features/2104/ "Film Threat's Top 10 Lost Films, Part Five"]. Film Threat. Archived from [http://www.filmthreat.com/index.php?section=features&Id=2104 the original] on 2011-06-07.</ref>) den ''Go Down Death'' (1944).<ref>[http://www.africanamericans.com/SpencerWilliams.htm "Spencer Williams," AfricanAmericans.com] [https://web.archive.org/web/20090101085303/http://www.africanamericans.com/SpencerWilliams.htm Archived] 2009-01-01 at the [[Wayback Machine]]</ref> De 1971 Christploitation film ''If Footmen Tire You, What Will Horses Do?'' be based for sermon top wey Estus Pirkle hold am for January 31, 1968 top at Camp Zion for Myrtle Mississippi insyd plus de title "If Footmen Tire You, What Will Horses Do?". Dem make de sermon available by print, den Estus W. Pirkle joined plus filmmaker Ron Ormond for demma first collaboration insyd, den converted de sermon into a film. De pair made a number of oda films togeda (''The Burning Hell'' in 1974 den ''The Believer's Heaven in 1977''), but dis first film be de team ein most well-known. De film became widely distributed among churches den church camps for de 1970s insyd.<ref>Brannock, Jennifer: [https://lib.usm.edu/index.php?id=2764 "Item of the Month - If Footmen Tire You, What Will Horses Do?"] - ''University of Southern Mississippi'', November 2011</ref><ref>Stadtman, Todd: [https://teleport-city.com/2009/05/24/if-footmen-tire-you-what-will-horses-do/ "IF FOOTMEN TIRE YOU, WHAT WILL HORSES DO?"] - ''TELEPORT CITY festivities revels & nocturnal dalliances''</ref> === Movie theaters den film festivals === Since ''The Great Commandment'' opened insyd movie theaters for 1941 insyd, many Christian filmmakers have attempted dey pursue theatrical releases. World Wide Pictures be pioneer insyd dey partner plus churches to bring Christian films to de cinema. Gateway Films (now Gateway Films/Vision Video) be "formed plus de express purpose of communicating de Christian Gospel for secular motion picture theaters insyd" den released ''The Cross and the Switchblade'' for 1972 insyd. Insyd 1979, de ''Jesus'' film appeared for theaters insyd across de United States. Dem made dis film, based on de Gospel of Luke, give $6 million by Campus Crusade give Christ.<ref>Foer, Franklin (February 8, 2004). [https://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/08/movies/baptism-by-celluloid.html "Baptism by Celluloid"]. ''The New York Times''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190629062403/https://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/08/movies/baptism-by-celluloid.html Archived] from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved November 21, 2009.</ref> For 1993 insyd, Tom Saab launched de Merrimack Valley Christian Film Festival for Salem insyd, New Hampshire. Each year, dem hold dis festival during Easter week den draws an audience of thousands to a theater to dey watch Christian films for free. Saab ein organization Christian Film Festivals of America sanso be presented film festivals for Salinas, California, den Orlando, Florida insyd. For October 1999 insyd, de Voice of Pentecost Church insyd San Francisco hosted de first Annual WYSIWYG Film Festival. Oda Christian film festivals dey include de San Antonio Independent Christian Film Festival, de 168 Hour Film Project, den de Redemptive Film Festival. === Recent years === [[File:ChristianCinema.png|thumb|[[:en:ChristianCinema.com|ChristianCinema.com]] be website dat lists movies wey dey relate to Christianity.]]Dem release many Christian films to theaters since dat time, such as ''The Omega Code'' (1999), ''Megiddo: The Omega Code 2'' (2001), ''Jonah: A VeggieTales Movie'' (2002), ''Facing the Giants'' (2006), ''The Ultimate Gift'' (2007), ''Amazing Grace'' (2007), de CGI animated version of ''The Ten Commandments'' (2007),<ref>[https://www.cbn.com/entertainment/screen/elliottb_10commandmentsreview.aspx?mobile=false&u=1 MOVIE REVIEW: The Ten Commandments|CBN]</ref> ''Fireproof'' (2008), ''The Secrets of Jonathan Sperry'' (2009), ''To Save a Life'' (2010), ''Preacher's Kid'' (2010), ''Letters to God'' (2010), ''What If...'' (2010), ''The Grace Card'' (2011), ''Courageous'' (2011), ''October Baby'' (2012), ''Last Ounce of Courage'' (2012), ''Home Run'' (2013), ''Grace Unplugged'' (2013), ''I'm in Love with a Church Girl'' (2013), ''Son of God'' (2014), ''God's Not Dead'' (2014), ''Persecuted'' (2014), ''Old Fashioned'' (2015), ''Do You Believe?'' (2015), ''War Room'' (2015), ''Beyond the Mask'' (2015), ''I'm Not Ashamed'' (2016), ''I Can Only Imagine'' (2018), ''Breakthrough'' (2019), den ''Overcomer'' (2019), ''The Forge'' (2024). Insyd 2006, dem produce nearly 50 Christian-faith films. De films grossed an average of $39 million. All five of de major Hollywood studios have created marketing departments to target de growing demand give faith-based den family fare. ''Movieguide'' publisher Ted Baehr said, ''"There is competition for the Christian audience now that there hasn't been before. I thought at some point it would level off, but so far it's getting bigger and bigger. It's more than I could have possibly imagined. One of the audiences that has become stable and even grown for books, music and movies is the Christian audience."''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090910082110/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/ent/stories/030507dnentholyhollywood.26a80a.html "Hollywood makes room for holiness"]. ''The New York Times''. Los Angeles. March 8, 2007. Archived from [http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/ent/stories/030507dnentholyhollywood.26a80a.html the original] on 10 September 2009. Retrieved November 13, 2009.</ref> De proliferation of Christian movies den Christian films has led to de establishment of many online retailers dat dey focus demma business exclusively on de sale den distribution of Christian movies den family-friendly films such as Parables.tv, Exploration Films wey dey base for Monument, Colorado, FishFlix.com, ChristianCinema.com den ChristianMovies.com insyd. Parables TV sanso dey provide streaming den linear TV. For 2013 insyd, FishFlix.com opened de first eva DVD store devoted completely to Christian DVDs insyd Tulsa, Oklahoma.<ref>Sherman, Bill (November 23, 2013). [https://www.tulsaworld.com/news/religion/tulsa-physician-with-roots-in-turkey-sells-christian-movies/article_8892f34d-f8ca-562c-8e29-ed6bdc5acf77.html "Tulsa physician with roots in Turkey sells Christian movies"]. Tulsa World. [https://web.archive.org/web/20191209224632/https://www.tulsaworld.com/news/religion/tulsa-physician-with-roots-in-turkey-sells-christian-movies/article_8892f34d-f8ca-562c-8e29-ed6bdc5acf77.html Archived] from the original on 9 December 2019. Retrieved November 13, 2009.</ref> De 2014 film ''God's Not Dead'' be one of de most successful independent Christian films of all time<ref>Law, Jeannie (16 December 2016). [http://www.christianpost.com/news/gods-not-dead-3-is-in-the-works-says-actor-producer-david-ar-white-interview-172138/ "'God's Not Dead 3' Is in the Works, Says Actor-Producer David AR White (Interview)"]. ''The Christian Post'' (Interview). [https://web.archive.org/web/20161217113715/http://www.christianpost.com/news/gods-not-dead-3-is-in-the-works-says-actor-producer-david-ar-white-interview-172138/ Archived] from the original on 17 December 2016.</ref> den de 2015 film ''War Room'' became a box office number-one film.<ref>Simanton, Keith (2015-09-06). Weekend Report - [https://www.boxofficemojo.com/article/ed3781166084/ 'War Room' Walks to #1. ''Box Office Mojo''] (Report). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200630014354/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/article/ed3781166084/ Archived] from the original on 30 June 2020. Retrieved 2015-09-06.</ref> == Christian film for Africa insyd == === South Africa === Faith-based, family-values films be popular for South Africa insyd sekof its predominantly Christian audience, wey dey include ''Faith Like Potatoes'', a 2006 biopic of farmer-turned-preacher<ref>[https://www.tvguide.com/movies/faith-like-potatoes/cast/2030140720/ Faith Like Potatoes - TV Guide]</ref> Angus Buchan.<ref>[https://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2009/aprilweb-only/faithlikepotatoes.html Faith Like Potatoes|Christianity Today]</ref> === Nigeria === Nigerian Christians be actively dey contribute to de booming Nigerian film industry known as Nollywood. Christian films dey make up about 20% of Nigerian films. Independent companies, ministries, den large churches wey dey produce hundreds of Christian films often see demmaself as an alternative to Nollywood. Nevertheless, dem sanso be participated for mainstream success insyd den many of dem films dey appear for state television channels top.<ref>Zylstra, Sarah Eekhoff (27 October 2009). [http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2009/november/7.17.html "Nigeria: Christian Movie Capital of the World"]. ''Christianity Today''. [https://web.archive.org/web/20091029061910/http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2009/november/7.17.html Archived] from the original on 29 October 2009. Retrieved 30 October 2009.</ref> De Redeemed Christian Church of God founded Dove Studios, ein studio became de country ein biggest movie studio den distributor.<ref>[https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/nigerian-church-transforms-into-movie-mogul-1.619481 "Nigerian church transforms into movie mogul"]. ''CBC News''. 26 March 2006. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170927044925/http://www.cbc.ca/arts/story/2006/03/26/church-movies.html Archived] from the original on 27 September 2017. Retrieved 30 October 2009.</ref> Dem sell more dan 50,000 copies of demma movies before April 2006.<ref>Murphy, Brian (25 March 2006). [http://wwrn.org/articles/20963/ "Redeemed Church Takes Nollywood by Storm"]. ''World-Wide Religious News''. Lagos, Nigeria. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120404103340/http://wwrn.org/articles/20963/ Archived] from the original on 4 April 2012. Retrieved 11 January 2021.</ref> De Gospel Film Festival (GOFESTIVAL) sanso be major Nigerian film attraction.<ref>Stephen, Alayande (21 April 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20160127163929/http://www.modernghana.com/movie/4613/3/gofestival-2009-media-unveil-in-ibadan.html "A Celebration of Gospel Cinematic Excellence"]. ''Modern Ghana''. Archived from [http://www.modernghana.com/movie/4613/3/gofestival-2009-media-unveil-in-ibadan.html the original] on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2009.</ref> == References == <references /> === Read further === * {{cite book |last=Field |first=Alex |title=The Hollywood Project: A Look Into the Minds of the Makers of Spiritually |publisher=Relevant Books |date=October 31, 2004 |isbn=0-9746942-1-5 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/hphollywoodproje0000fiel }} * {{cite book |last=Kintz |first=Linda |author2=Julia Lesage |title=Media, Culture, and the Religious Right |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/mediaculturer00kint |chapter-url-access=registration |chapter=Chapter 7: The Emergence of Christian Video and the Cultivation of Videovangelism |publisher=[[University of Minnesota Press]] |date=April 1998 |isbn=0-8166-3085-2}} * {{cite journal |last=Bowen |first=Barry |title=A History of Christian Films |journal=Christian Headlines |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100723160915/http://www.christianheadlines.com/filmhistory.html |access-date=November 21, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100723160915/https://web.archive.org/web/20100723160915/http://www.christianheadlines.com/filmhistory.html |archive-date=July 23, 2010 }} *{{cite journal |last=Hess |first=Brian |title=A Brief History of Christian Films: 1918-2002 |journal=A/V Geeks Educational Film Archive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090603135856/http://avgeeks.com/bhess/christian_film_history.html |access-date=November 21, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090603135856/http://avgeeks.com/bhess/christian_film_history.html |archive-date=June 3, 2009 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }} *{{cite journal |last=Christiano |first=Rich |title=How to Finance and Distribute a Christian Film |journal=Audio CD |date=May 8, 2005|isbn=0975526472 }} * Lindvall, Terry The Silents of God (Scarecrow Press, 2001) * Lindvall, Terry Sanctuary Cinema (New York University Press, 2007) * Lindvall, Terry and Andrew Quicke Celluloid Sermons: The Emergence of the Christian Film Industry, 1930–1986 (New York University Press, 2011) * Shen, Hsiang Yen, Cross-cultural effectiveness of Christian message films: Taiwanese responses to the concepts of God and Christianity in the film "Bruce Almighty",(ProQuest, 2010). {{DEFAULTSORT:Christian Film}} [[Category:Christianity insyd cinema]] [[Category:Film genres]] [[Category:1940s insyd film]] [[Category:1970s insyd film]] [[Category:2000s insyd film]] [[Category:2010s insyd film]] [[Category:2000s insyd animation]] 9cxwtv2stpaqic2cpafu09hpmpwmm93 0 24129 112493 87003 2026-09-25T01:12:16Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112493 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shams ad-Dīn ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ʾAbī Bakr ibn ʾAyyūb az-Zurʿī ad-Dimashqī al-Ḥanbalī''' (29 Jan. 1292–15 Sep. 1350 CE / 691–751 AH), dem commonly know as '''Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah''' ("The son of the principal of [the school of] Jawziyyah") anaa '''Ibn al-Qayyim''' ("Son of de principal"; ابن القيّم) for short, anaa reverentially as '''al-Imam Ibn al-Qayyim''' insyd Sunni tradition, na he be an important medieval Islamic jurisconsult, theologian, den spiritual writer.<ref name="ReferenceA2">''Laoust, H. (1971).''</ref> Belonging to de Hanbali school of Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence), of wich he be regarded as "one of de most important thinkers," Ibn al-Qayyim sanso be de foremost disciple den student of [[Ibn Taymiyya|Ibn Taymiyyah]],<ref name=":02">Hoover, Jon, "Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya", in: Christian-Muslim Relations 600 - 1500, General Editor David Thomas.</ref> plus whom na dem imprisone insyd 1326 for dissenting against established tradition during Ibn Taymiyyah ein famous incarceration insyd de Citadel of Damascus.<ref name="ReferenceA2" /> Of humble origin, na Ibn al-Qayyim ein poppie be de principal (''qayyim'') of de [[:ar:المدرسة الجوزية|School of Jawziyyah]], wich sanso serve as a court of law give de Hanbali judge of Damascus during de period.<ref name="ReferenceA2" /> Ibn al-Qayyim go on cam be a prolific scholar, wey produce a rich corpus of "doctrinal den literary" works.<ref name="ReferenceA2" /> As a result, numerous important Muslim scholars of de Mamluk period be among Ibn al-Qayyim ein students anaa, at least, greatly influenced by am, wey dey include, amongst odas, de Shafi historian Ibn Kathir (d. 774/1373), de Hanbali [[hadith]] scholar Ibn Rajab (d. 795/1397) den Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (d. 852/1449).<ref name="ReferenceA2" /> Insyd de present day, Ibn al-Qayyim ein name cam be a controversial one insyd certain quarters of de Islamic world secof ein popularity amongst chaw adherents of Salafism,<ref name="ReferenceA2" /> wey see insyd ein criticisms of such widespread Sufi practices of de medieval period dem associate plus veneration of saints den de veneration of dema graves den relics a classical precursor to dema own perspective.<ref name="ReferenceA2" /> == Name == Muḥammad ibn ʾAbī Bakr ibn ʾAyyūb ibn Sa'''ʿ'''d ibn Ḥarīz ibn Makkī Zayn ad-Dīn az-Zur'''ʿ'''ī (Arabic: محمد بن أبي بكر بن أيوب بن سعد بن حريز بن مكي زين الدين الزُّرعي), al-Dimashqī (Arabic: الدمشقي), plus kunya of '''ʾ'''Abu '''ʿ'''Abd Allah (Arabic: أبو عبد الله), dem call Shams ad-Dīn (Arabic: شمس الدين). He usually be known as Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, after ein poppie Abu Bakr ibn Ayyub al-Zur'i, wey be de superintendent (''qayyim'') of de Jawziyyah Madrasah, de Hanbali law college insyd Damascus.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Holtzman |first=Livnat |date=2009-01-01 |title=Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah |url=https://www.academia.edu/1057824/Ibn_Qayyim_al_Jawziyyah |journal=Essays in Arabic Literary Biography}}</ref> == Death == Ibn al-Qayyim die at de age of 60 years, 5 months, den 5 days, on de 13th night of Rajab, 751 AH (September 15, 1350 CE), wey na dem bury am besides ein poppie at de Bab al-Saghīr Cemetery.<ref name="madainsaghir">{{cite web |title=Bab al-Saghir Cemetery (Goristan Ghariban) |url=https://madainproject.com/bab_al_saghir_cemetery |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200525072750/https://madainproject.com/bab_al_saghir_cemetery |archive-date=25 May 2020 |access-date=25 May 2020 |website=Madain Project}}</ref> ==Legacy== [[File:Khalili Collection Islamic Art mss 0568 fol 1b-2a.jpg|thumb|right|16th century manuscript of ''Al-Tibb al-Nabawi'', a book on prophetic medicine]] ===Works=== He "wrep about a hundred books",<ref>[[Oliver Leaman]] (ed.), ''The Biographical Encyclopedia of Islamic Philosophy'', Bloomsbury (2015), p. 2012</ref> wey dey include: * Zad al-Ma'ad (Provision of de hereafter) * [[:ar:الطرق الحكمية|Turukul Hikmiyat fis Siasatush Sharia]] * ''Al-Waabil Sayyib minal kalim tayyib'' * ''Aʿbād al-Masīḥ fī Naqd al-Naṣrāniyya'' (أعباد المسيح)<ref name="ChristWorshippers07">{{cite web |author=Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jauziyyah |title=O’ Christ-Worshippers! A Qasidah Which Refutes Christianity |date=24 April 2007 |url=https://bismikaallahuma.org/christianity/o-christ-worshippers/ |website=Bismika Allahuma |language=en |access-date=15 January 2026}}</ref> * ''I'laam ul Muwaqqi'een 'an Rabb il 'Aalameen'' (Information for Those who Write on Behalf of the Lord of the Worlds) * ''Tahthib Sunan Abi Da'ud'' * ''Madaarij Saalikeen'', wich be an extensive commentary on de book by Shaikh Abu Ismail al-Ansari al-Harawi al-Sufi, ''Manazil-u Sa'ireen'' (Stations of de Seekers); * ''Tafsir Mu'awwadhatain'' (Tafsir of Surah Falaq den Nas); * '' Tafsir al-Ibn al-Qayyim (BADAA'I AT-TAFSIR).'' * ''Badāʾiʿ al-Fawāʾid'' (بدائع الفوائد): Amazing Points of Benefit * ''Ad-Dā'i wa Dawā'' dem sanso know as'' Al Jawābul kāfi liman sa'ala 'an Dawā'i Shaafi'' * ''Haadi Arwah ila biladil Afrah'' * ''Uddat as-Sabirin wa Dhakhiratu ash-Shakirin'' (عدة الصابرين وذخيرة الشاكرين) * ''Ighathatu lahfaan min masaa'id ash-shaytan'' (إغاثة اللهفان من مصائد الشيطان) : Aid for de Yearning One in Resisting de Shayṭān * ''Rawdhatul Muhibbīn'' * ''[[:ar:أحكام أهل الذمة|Ahkām ahl al-dhimma]]'' *Tuhfatul Mawdud bi Ahkam al-Mawlud: A Gift to the Loved One Regarding the Rulings of the Newborn *Miftah Dar As-Sa'adah *Jala al-afham fi fadhl salati ala khayral anam *Al-Manar al-Munif * Al-Tibb al-Nabawi – a book on Prophetic medicine, available insyd English as "The Prophetic Medicine" *''Al-Furusiyyah''<ref>ed. Nizam al-Din al-Fatih, Madinah al Munawara: Maktaba Dar al-Turath, 1990.</ref> *''Shifa al-Alil fi masa'il al qada'i wal qadri wal hikmati wa at-ta'leel (Remedy for Those who Question on Matters Concerning Divine Decree, Predestination, Wisdom and Causality)'' *''Mukhtasar al-Sawa'iq'' *''Hadi al-Arwah ila Bilad al-Arfah (Spurring Souls on to the Realms of Joy'' * A treatise on Arab archery be by Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr (1292AD-1350AD) den cam from de 14th century.<ref>Ibn Qayyim al-Jawzīyah, Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr. kitab ʻuniyat al-ṭullāb fī maʻrifat al-rāmī bil-nushshāb. [Cairo?]: [s.n.], 1932. OCLC: 643468400.</ref> == References == <references /> ==Read further== *{{cite book|editor1-first=Caterina|editor1-last=Bori|editor2-first=Livnat|editor2-last=Holtzman|year=2010|title=A scholar in the shadow : essays in the legal and theological thought of Ibn Qayyim al-Ǧawziyyah|volume=Nuova serie, Anno 90|number=Nr 1|publisher=Roma : Istituto per l'Oriente C.A. Nallino|series=Oriente Moderno|issn=0030-5472<!-- was EAN-format issn = 977-0030-547-00-4 -->|jstor=i23249612}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q119679|c=Category:Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [http://www.muslimscholars.info/manage.php?submit=scholar&ID=80002 Biodata at MuslimScholars.info] *{{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120108021235/http://pdfcast.org/pdf/islamic-universalism-ibn-qayyim-al-jawziyya-s-salafi-deliberations-on-the-duration-of-hellfire|title=Islamic Universalism : Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya's Salafi Deliberations on the Duration of Hellfire|access-date=2012-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120108021235/https://web.archive.org/web/20120108021235/http://pdfcast.org/pdf/islamic-universalism-ibn-qayyim-al-jawziyya-s-salafi-deliberations-on-the-duration-of-hellfire|archive-date=2012-01-08|url-status=dead}} *{{cite web|url=http://www.bysiness.co.uk/ulemah/bio_jawziyya.htm |title=Short Biography of Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyya |publisher=Bysiness.co.uk |access-date=2010-04-12}} *{{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120625073541/http://www.sunnah.org/history/Innovators/ibn_al_qayyim_al-jawziyya.htm |title=Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah |publisher=Sunnah.org |access-date=2010-04-12 |archive-date=2012-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120625073541/https://web.archive.org/web/20120625073541/http://www.sunnah.org/history/Innovators/ibn_al_qayyim_al-jawziyya.htm |url-status=dead }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070228002406/http://abdurrahman.org/scholars/IbnAlQayyim.html Articles and Book Collection] * [http://iquotepics.com/author/ibn-al-qayyim Quotes by Ibn al-Qayyim] * [http://saaid.net/book/search.php?do=all&u=%C7%E1%CC%E6%D2%ED%C9 Books] *{{cite web|url=http://www.islamweb.net/ver2/archive/article.php?lang=E&id=37699 |title=IslamWeb |publisher=IslamWeb |access-date=2010-04-12}} *{{cite web|url=https://www.angelfire.com/al/islamicpsychology/ethics/hardness_of_heart.html |title=The Hardness of The Heart |publisher=Angelfire.com |access-date=2010-04-12}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah}} [[Category:1292 births]] [[Category:1350 deaths]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:14th-century Arab people]] [[Category:Hanbalis]] [[Category:Sunni imams]] [[Category:Critics of Shia Islam]] [[Category:Syrian critics of Christianity]] [[Category:Syrian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]] [[Category:Atharis]] [[Category:Theologians wey komot de Mamluk Sultanate]] [[Category:Proto-Salafists]] [[Category:14th-century Muslim scholars of Islam]] [[Category:14th-century jurists]] [[Category:Syrian Muslim scholars of Islam]] [[Category:Syrian Muslims]] [[Category:Anthropomorphism insyd Islamic theology]] [[Category:2026 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] 6nkosdy69vjwwdjzz706gp9tmzy514k 0 24429 112565 88136 2026-09-25T02:52:05Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112565 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sunni Islam''' be de largest branch of [[Islam]] den de largest religious denomination insyd de world.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of religious populations {{!}} Largest Religions, Smallest Religions, Lists, Data, & Overview {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/List-of-religious-populations |access-date=2025-07-24 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref> E dey hold say [[Muhammad]] no appoint any successor den ein closest companion [[Abu Bakr]] (r. 632–634) rightfully succeed am as de caliph of de Muslim community, dem appoint am at de meeting of Saqifa. Dis dey contrast plus de Shia view, wich dey hold sat Muhammad appoint [[Ali|Ali ibn Abi Talib]] (r. 656–661) as ein successor. Nevertheless, Sunnis revere Ali, along plus Abu Bakr, [[Umar]] (r. 634–644) den [[Uthman]] (r. 644–656) as 'rightly-guided caliphs'. De term ''Sunni'' dey mean those wey observe de ''sunna'', de practices of Muhammad. De [[Quran]], togeda plus [[hadith]] (especially de Six Books) den ''ijma'' (scholarly consensus), form de basis of all [[Fiqh|traditional jurisprudence]] within Sunni Islam. Dem dey derive sharia legal rulings from dese basic sources, in conjunction plus consideration of public welfare den juristic discretion, dey use de principles of jurisprudence wey be developed by de four legal schools: Hanafi, Hanbali, Maliki den Shafi'i. Insyd matters of creed, de Sunni tradition dey uphold de six pillars of ''iman'' (faith) den dey comprise de Ash'ari den Maturidi schools of ''kalam'' (theology) as well as de textualist Athari school. Sunnis dey regard de first four caliphs [[Abu Bakr]] (r. 632–634), [[Umar]] (r. 634–644), [[Uthman]] (r. 644–656) den [[Ali]] (r. 656–661) as ''rashidun'' (rightly-guided) den dey revere de the ''sahaba'', ''tabi'in'', den ''tabi al-tabi'in'' as de salaf (predecessors). == Sunni view of <i>hadith</i> == [[File:Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg|thumb|250x250px|[[Hagia Sophia]] insyd Istanbul.]] De Quran as e dey exist today insyd book form na e be compiled by Muhammad ein companions (''Sahabah'') within a handful of months of ein death, wey e be accepted by all sects of Islam.<ref>[[Muhammad Hamidullah]], "Tareekh Quran Majeed", ''Khutbat-e-Bahawalpur'' pp. 1–17</ref> Na chaw matters of belief den daily life no be directly prescribed insyd de Quran, buh na dem be actions observed by Muhammad den de early Muslim community. === ''Kutub al-Sittah'' === ''Kutub al-Sittah'' be six books wey dey contain collections of hadiths. Sunni Muslims dey accept de hadith collections of Bukhari den Muslim as de most authentic (''sahih''), den while accepting all hadiths dem verify as authentic, grant a slightly lesser status to de collections of oda recorders. Dem sanso dey hold four oda hadith collections in particular reverence by Sunni Muslims, wey dey make a total of six: * Sahih al-Bukhari of Muhammad al-Bukhari * Sahih Muslim of Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj * Sunan al-Sughra of Al-Nasa'i * Sunan Abu Dawud of Abu Dawood * Jami' at-Tirmidhi of Al-Tirmidhi * Sunan Ibn Majah of Ibn Majah Der sanso be oda collections of hadith wich sanso dey contain chaw authentic hadith wey dem frequently be used by scholars den specialists. Examples of dese collections dey include: * Musannaf of Abd al-Razzaq of 'Abd ar-Razzaq as-San'ani * Musnad of Ahmad ibn Hanbal * Mustadrak of Al Haakim * Muwatta of Imam Malik *Sahih Ibn Hibbaan * Sahih Ibn Khuzaymah of Ibn Khuzaymah * Sunan al-Darimi of Al-Darimi == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q483654|c=Category:MzGee|n=Category:Sunni Islam|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=Sunnites|wikt=no|species=no}} * Ahmed, Khaled. ''Sectarian war: Pakistan's Sunni-Shia violence and its links to the Middle East'' (Oxford University Press, 2011). * Charles River Editors. ''The History of the Sunni and Shia Split: Understanding the Divisions within Islam'' (2010) 44pp [https://www.amazon.com/History-Sunni-Shia-Split-Understanding/dp/1502389983/ excerpt]; brief introduction. * Farooqi, Mudassir, Sarwar Mehmood Azhar, and Rubeena Tashfeen. "Jihadist Organizations History and Analysis." ''Journal of Social, Political, and Economic Studies'' 43.1/2 (2018): 142–151. [http://jspes.org/samples/JSPES43_1_2farooqi.pdf online] * Gesink, Indira Falk. ''Islamic reform and conservatism: Al-Azhar and the evolution of modern Sunni Islam'' (Tauris Academic Studies, 2010) * Haddad, Fanar. ''Understanding 'Sectarianism': Sunni-Shi'a Relations in the Modern Arab World'' (Oxford UP, 2020). * Haddad, Fanar. "Anti-Sunnism and anti-Shiism: Minorities, majorities and the question of equivalence." ''Mediterranean Politics'' (2020): 1–7 [https://www.academia.edu/download/61657158/Online_pub20200101-92953-1264chc.pdf online]. * Halverson, Jeffry. ''Theology and creed in Sunni Islam: the Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and political Sunnism'' (Springer, 2010). * Hazleton, Lesley. ''After the prophet: the epic story of the Shia-Sunni split in Islam'' (Anchor, 2010). * Kamolnick, Paul. ''The Al-Qaeda Organization and the Islamic State Organization: History, Doctrine, Modus, Operandi, and US Policy to Degrade and Defeat Terrorism Conducted in the Name of Sunni Islam'' (Strategic Studies Institute, United States Army War College, 2017) [https://dc.etsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1127&context=etsu_books online]. * Khaddour, Kheder. ''Localism, War, and the Fragmentation of Sunni Islam in Syria'' (Carnegie Endowment for International Peace., 2019) [https://carnegieendowment.org/files/03_19_Khaddour_Syria_Islam_final.pdf online]. * McHugo, John. ''A Concise History of Sunnis and Shi'is'' (2018) [https://www.amazon.com/Concise-History-Sunnis-Shiis/dp/1626165866/ excerpt] * Nuruzzaman, Mohammed. "Conflicts in Sunni Political Islam and Their Implications." ''Strategic Analysis'' 41.3 (2017): 285–296 [https://www.academia.edu/download/52188176/Conflicts_Sunni_Political_Islam.pdf online]. * Nydell, Margaret K. ''Understanding Arabs: A guide for modern times'' (3rd ed. Hachette UK, 2018). * {{cite book |last=Patler |first=Nicholas |title=From Mecca to Selma: Malcolm X, Islam, and the Journey Into the American Civil Rights Movement |year=2017 |publisher=The Islamic Monthly |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230082856/https://www.theislamicmonthly.com/mecca-to-selma/ |access-date=4 April 2017 |archive-date=30 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230082856/https://www.theislamicmonthly.com/mecca-to-selma/ |url-status=dead }} * Tezcan, Baki. "The Disenchantment of Sufism, the Rationalization of Sunni Islam, and Early Modernity." ''Journal of the Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association'' 7.1 (2020): 67–69 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/jottturstuass.7.1.21 online]. * Wheeler, Branon. [https://books.google.com/books?id=slLpouSlzPcC Applying the Canon in Islam: The Authorization and Maintenance of Interpretive Reasoning in Ḥanafī Scholarship], [[SUNY Press]], 1996. === Online === * [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sunni Sunni: Islam], in ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online'', by The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, Asma Afsaruddin, Yamini Chauhan, Aakanksha Gaur, Gloria Lotha, Matt Stefon, Noah Tesch and Adam Zeidan {{Authority control}} [[Category:Sunni Islam| ]] [[Category:2026 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] km3ikrawcq8hz1jh65rzvlzvxc6zmzo 0 24430 112556 108741 2026-09-25T02:49:10Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112556 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Shia Islam''' be de second-largest branch of [[Islam]]. E dey hold say [[Muhammad]] designate [[Ali|Ali ibn Abi Talib]] (r. 656–661) as both ein political successor (caliph) den as de spiritual leader of de Muslim community (imam). However, dem understand ein right be usurped by a number of Muhammad ein companions at de meeting of Saqifa, during wich dem appoint [[Abu Bakr]] (r. 632–634) as caliph instead. As such, Sunni Muslims dey believe Abu Bakr, [[Umar]] (r. 634–644), [[Uthman]] (r. 644–656) den Ali to be 'rightly-guided caliphs', whereas Shia Muslims dey regard Ali per as de legitimate successor. Shia Muslims dey believe say de imamate continue thru Ali ein sons, Hasan den Husayn, after wich various Shia branches develop den recognize different imams. Dem revere de ''ahl al-bayt'', de family of Muhammad, wey dey maintain say dem possess divine knowledge. Shia holy sites dey include de shrine of Ali insyd Najaf, de shrine of Husayn insyd Karbala, den oda mausoleums of de ''ahl al-bayt''. Later events, such as Husayn ein martyrdom insyd de Battle of Karbala (680 CE), further influence de development of Shia Islam, wey dey contribute to de formation of a distinct religious sect plus ein own rituals den shared collective memory.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Armajani |first=Jon |title=Shia Islam and Politics: Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon |url=https://archive.org/details/shiaislampolitic0000arma |publisher=Lexington |year=2020 |isbn=978-1-7936-2136-8 |location=Lanham, MD |page=[https://archive.org/details/shiaislampolitic0000arma/page/11 11]}}</ref> Shia Islam be followed by 10–13% of all Muslims, wey dey number at an estimated 200–260 million followers worldwide as of 2025. De three main Shia branches be Twelverism, Isma'ilism, den Zaydism. Shia Muslims dey form a majority of de population insyd Iran, [[Iraq]], den [[Azerbaijan]], as well as about half of de citizen population of Bahrain.<ref>{{Cite news|date=4 July 2011|title=وثيقة بحرينية: الشيعة أقل من النصف|url=https://www.aljazeera.net/news/2011/7/4/%D9%88%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A3%D9%82%D9%84-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%81|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320151402/https://www.aljazeera.net/news/2011/7/4/%D9%88%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%A3%D9%82%D9%84-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%81|archive-date=20 March 2023|work=Al Jazeera|quote=كشفت وثيقة بحرينية رسمية حديثة أن نسبة المواطنين السنة من إجمالي مواطني البلاد تعادل 51%، في حين توقفت نسبة الطائفة الشيعية عند 49%|trans-quote="A recent official Bahraini document revealed that the percentage of Sunni citizens out of the country’s total citizens is 51%, while the percentage of the Shiite community stopped at 49%.."}}</ref> Dem sanso dey find significant Shia communities insyd Lebanon, Kuwait, [[Turkey]], Yemen, [[Saudi Arabia]], [[Afghanistan]] den de Indian subcontinent. Iran dey stand as de world ein only country wer Shia Islam dey form de foundation of both ein laws den governance system.{{sfn|Armajani|2020|pp=1–3}} == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q9585|c=Category:Shiism|n=Category:Shia Islam|b=no|q=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * {{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |year=2022 |title=Shi'a History and Identity |url=https://shiism.wcfia.harvard.edu/research/shia-history-and-identity |website=shiism.wcfia.harvard.edu |location=[[Cambridge, Massachusetts]] |publisher=Project on Shi'ism and Global Affairs at the Weatherhead Center for International Affairs ([[Harvard University]]) |access-date=4 March 2022 |archive-date=4 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220604053950/https://shiism.wcfia.harvard.edu/research/shia-history-and-identity |url-status=dead }} * {{cite web |last1=Daftary |first1=Farhad |last2=Nanji |first2=Azim |year=2018 |orig-date=2006 |title=What is Shi'a Islam? |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331025405/https://www.iis.ac.uk/academic-article/what-shia-islam |website=www.iis.ac.uk |location=[[London]] |publisher=[[Institute of Ismaili Studies]] at the Aga Khan Centre |access-date=4 March 2022 |archive-date=31 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220331025405/https://web.archive.org/web/20220331025405/https://www.iis.ac.uk/academic-article/what-shia-islam |url-status=dead }} * {{cite web |author-last=Muharrami |author-first=Ghulam-Husayn |translator-last=Limba |translator-first=Mansoor L. |year=2003 |title=History of Shi'ism: From the Advent of Islam up to the End of Minor Occultation |url=https://www.al-islam.org/history-shiism-advent-islam-end-minor-occultation-ghulam-husayn-muharrami |website=Al-Islam.org |publisher=Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Library Project |access-date=4 March 2022}} * {{cite news |author=Ayatullāh Jaʿfar Subḥānī |year= |title=Shia Islam: History and Doctrines |url=https://en.shafaqna.com/tag/shia-islam-history-and-doctrines/ |website= |location=[[United Kingdom]] |publisher=[[Shafaqna]] (International Shia News Agency) |access-date=18 April 2023}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Shia Islam| ]] [[Category:2026 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] quik67mm3fk4bxq304it2g7egbnevog 0 24445 112511 88849 2026-09-25T01:40:57Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112511 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A '''''madhhab''''' (Arabic: مَذْهَب, <small>romanized:</small> ''madhhab'', <small>lit. </small>'way to act', IPA: [ˈmaðhab], pl. مَذَاهِب, ''madhāhib'', [ˈmaðaːhib]) dey refer to any school of thought within [[Fiqh|Islamic jurisprudence]]. De major [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] ''madhhab'' be Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, den Hanbali.<ref name="rabb">{{cite encyclopedia|first=Intisar A.|last=Rabb|author-link=Intisar A. Rabb|title=Fiqh|encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World|editor=John L. Esposito|editor-link=John L. Esposito|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|location=Oxford|year=2009|doi=10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001|isbn=9780195305135}} </ref> Dem emerge insyd de ninth den tenth centuries CE den by de twelfth century almost all Islamic jurists align demaselves plus a particular ''madhhab''.<ref name="hussin">{{cite encyclopedia|first=Iza|last=Hussin|author-link=Iza Hussin|title=Sunni Schools of Jurisprudence|encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics|publisher=Oxford University Press|editor=Emad El-Din Shahin|year=2014|doi=10.1093/acref:oiso/9780199739356.001.0001|isbn=9780199739356}}</ref> Dese four schools dey recognize each oda ein validity wey na dem interact insyd legal debate over de centuries. Rulings (''Fatwa'') of dese schools be followed across de Muslim world widout exclusive regional restrictions, buh dem each cam to dominate insyd different parts of de world. For example, de Maliki school be predominant insyd North den West Africa; de Hanafi school insyd South den Central Asia; de Shafi'i school insyd East Africa den Southeast Asia; den de Hanbali school insyd North den Central Arabia.<ref name="hussin">{{cite encyclopedia|first=Iza|last=Hussin|author-link=Iza Hussin|title=Sunni Schools of Jurisprudence|encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics|publisher=Oxford University Press|editor=Emad El-Din Shahin|year=2014|doi=10.1093/acref:oiso/9780199739356.001.0001|isbn=9780199739356}}</ref><ref name="rabb">{{cite encyclopedia|first=Intisar A.|last=Rabb|author-link=Intisar A. Rabb|title=Fiqh|encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World|editor=John L. Esposito|editor-link=John L. Esposito|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|location=Oxford|year=2009|doi=10.1093/acref/9780195305135.001.0001|isbn=9780195305135}} </ref><ref name="vikor">{{cite encyclopedia|first=Knut S.|last=Vikør|title=Sharīʿah|encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics|publisher=Oxford University Press|editor=Emad El-Din Shahin|editor-link=Emad El-Din Shahin|year=2014|url=http://bridgingcultures.neh.gov/muslimjourneys/items/show/226|access-date=3 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202054116/http://bridgingcultures.neh.gov/muslimjourneys/items/show/226|archive-date=2 February 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> De first centuries of Islam sanso witness a number of short-lived Sunni ''madhhabs''.<ref name="calder">{{cite encyclopedia|first=Norman|last=Calder|title=Law. Legal Thought and Jurisprudence|encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World|editor=John L. Esposito|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=2009|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0473|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121033722/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0473|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 November 2008}}</ref> De Zahiri school, wich be considered to be endangered, continue to exert influence over legal thought. De development of [[Shia Islam|Shia]] legal schools occur along de lines of theological differences wey e result in de formation of de Ja'fari ''madhhab'' amongst Twelver Shias, as well as de Isma'ili den Zaydi ''madhhabs'' amongst Isma'ilis den Zaydis respectively, whose differences from Sunni legal schools be roughly of de same order as de differences among Sunni schools. De Ibadi legal school, distinct from Sunni den Shia ''madhhabs'', be predominant insyd Oman. Unlike Sunnis, Shias, den Ibadis, non-denominational Muslims no be affiliated plus any ''madhhab''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Tan |first1=Charlene |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-bMAAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT79 |title=Reforms in Islamic Education: International Perspectives |date=2014 |publisher=A&C Black |isbn=9781441146175 |quote=This is due to the historical, sociological, cultural, rational and non-denominational (non-''madhhabi'') approaches to Islam employed at IAINs, STAINs, and UINs, as opposed to the theological, normative and denominational approaches that were common in Islamic educational institutions in the past}}</ref><ref>Rane, Halim, Jacqui Ewart, and John Martinkus. "Islam and the Muslim World." Media Framing of the Muslim World. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. 15-28</ref><ref>Obydenkova, Anastassia V. "Religious pluralism in Russia." Politics of religion and nationalism: Federalism, consociationalism and secession, Routledge (2014): 36-49</ref> Na de transformations of Islamic legal institutions insyd de modern era have profound implications for de ''madhhab'' system. Plus de spread of codified state laws insyd de Muslim world, de influence of de ''madhhabs'' beyond personal ritual practice dey depend on de status accorded to dem within de national legal system. State law codification commonly draw on rulings from multiple ''madhhabs'', den legal professionals dem train insyd modern law schools largely replace traditional ''ulama'' as interpreters of de resulting laws.<ref name="hussin">{{cite encyclopedia|first=Iza|last=Hussin|author-link=Iza Hussin|title=Sunni Schools of Jurisprudence|encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics|publisher=Oxford University Press|editor=Emad El-Din Shahin|year=2014|doi=10.1093/acref:oiso/9780199739356.001.0001|isbn=9780199739356}}</ref> Insyd de 20th century, sam jurists begin to assert dema intellectual independence from traditional ''madhhabs''.<ref name="messick">{{cite encyclopedia|first1=Brinkley|last1=Messick|first2=Joseph A.|last2=Kéchichian|title=Fatwā. Process and Function|encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World|editor=John L. Esposito|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=2009|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t236/e0243|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120012810/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/print/opr/t236/e0243|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 November 2015}}</ref> Plus de spread of Salafi influence den reformist currents insyd de 20th century; a handful of Salafi scholars assert independence from being strictly bound by de traditional [[Fiqh|legal mechanisms]] of de four schools. Nevertheless, de majority of Sunni scholarship continue to uphold post-classical creedal belief insyd rigorously adhering (''taqlid'') to one of de four schools insyd all legal details.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Auda |first=Jasser |title=Maqasid al-SharÏah as Philosophy of Islamic Law: A Systems Approach |publisher=The International Institute of Islamic Thought |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-56564-424-3 |location=669, Herndon, VA 20172, USA |pages=143–145 |chapter=5: Contemporary Theories in Islamic Law}}</ref> De Amman Message, wich be endorsed insyd 2005 by prominent Islamic scholars around de world, recognize four [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]] schools (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali), two [[Shia Islam|Shia]] schools (Ja'fari, Zaydi), de Ibadi school, den de Zahiri school.<ref name="3Points">{{Cite web |title=Amman Message – The Official Site |url=https://ammanmessage.com/}}</ref> Schools of Islamic jurisprudence dey locate insyd Pakistan, Iran, Bangladesh, [[India]], [[Indonesia]], [[Nigeria]], [[Egypt]], [[Turkey]], [[Afghanistan]], Kazakhstan, [[Russia]], [[China]], de Philippines, [[Algeria]], [[Libya]], [[Saudi Arabia]], den multiple oda countries. == References == <references /> ===Sources=== * {{Cite book |first1=John |last1=Burton |title=The Sources of Islamic Law: Islamic Theories of Abrogation |publisher=[[Edinburgh University Press]] |year=1990 |isbn=0-7486-0108-2 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104171116/http://www.almuslih.org/Library/Burton,%20J%20-%20The%20Sources%20of%20Islamic%20Law.pdf |ref=JBSILITA1990 |access-date=21 July 2018 |archive-date=4 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200104171116/https://web.archive.org/web/20200104171116/http://www.almuslih.org/Library/Burton,%20J%20-%20The%20Sources%20of%20Islamic%20Law.pdf |url-status=dead}} * Branon Wheeler, [https://books.google.com/books?id=slLpouSlzPcC Applying the Canon in Islam: The Authorization and Maintenance of Interpretive Reasoning in Ḥanafī Scholarship], [[SUNY Press]], 1996. =Read further == *{{cite book|first=Gibril F. |last=Haddad |author-link=Gibril Haddad |title=The Four Imams and Their Schools |location=London |publisher=Muslim Academic Trust |date=2007 |url=https://www.academia.edu/28875851}} == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Madhhab| ]] [[Category:Arabic words den phrases insyd Sharia]] [[Category:Islamic jurisprudence]] [[Category:Islamic schools]] [[Category:2026 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] 1jkilfs7hjr1krgcynv95jexdcav0nu 0 24577 112434 90270 2026-09-24T23:18:42Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112434 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Abbasid Caliphate''' anaa '''Abbasid Empire''' be de third Islamic caliphate, wey de Abbasid dynasty rule. De dynasty be descended from [[Muhammad]] ein uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (d. 653), after whom e be named.<ref name=":11">{{Cite book |last= |url=https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia01ency_0/mode/2up |title=The New Encyclopaedia Britannica |publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica |year=1985 |isbn=978-0-85229-423-9 |editor-last=Goetz |editor-first=Philip W. |edition=15th |volume=1 |location=Chicago |page=10 |language=en |chapter='Abbasid dynasty |orig-date=1974}}</ref> De Abbasids rise to power insyd 750, wen de Abbasid Revolution overthrow de preceding Umayyad Caliphate, wey dem rule as caliphs from dema metropole insyd Iraq til 1258, plus Baghdad as dema capital for most of dema history. De Abbasid Revolution get ein origins den first successes insyd de easterly region of Khurasan, far from de Levantine center of Umayyad influence.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bosworth |first=C.E. |date=December 15, 1982 |title='Abbasid Caliphate |url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/abbasid-caliphate |website=Encyclopediapaedia Iranica}}</ref> De Abbasids first center dema government insyd Kufa, Iraq, buh insyd 762 de second caliph al-Mansur found de city of Baghdad wey he make am de capital. Baghdad cam be a center of science, culture, arts, den invention, wey dey usher insyd wat cam be known as de Golden Age of Islam. E host several key academic institutions, such as de House of Wisdom, as well as a multi-ethnic den multi-religious population, wich make de city famous as a centre of learning across de world. De Abbasid period be marked by de use of bureaucrats insyd government, wey dey include de vizier, as well as a growing inclusion of non-Arab Muslims insyd de ''ummah'' (Muslim community) den among de political elites.{{Sfn|El-Hibri|2021|pp=4–5}}{{Sfn|Lapidus|2012|p=95}} De height of Abbasid power den prestige traditionally be associated plus de reign of [[Harun al-Rashid]] (r. 786–809).{{Sfn|El-Hibri|2021|p=75}} After ein death, a civil war bring new divisions wey be followed by significant changes to de character of de state, wey dey include de creation of a new professional army dem recruit mainly from Turkic slaves den de construction of a new capital, Samarra, insyd 836. De 9th century sanso see chaw provinces wey cam be increasingly autonomous, wey dey give rise to local dynasties wey control different regions of de empire, such as de Aghlabids, Tahirids, Samanids, Saffarids, den Tulunids. After a period of turmoil insyd de 860s, de caliphate regain sam stability wey ein seat return to Baghdad insyd 892. During de 10th century, dem reduce de caliphs to mere figureheads, wey real political den military power dey rest insyd de hands of de Iranian Buyids den de Seljuq Turks, wey take control of Baghdad insyd 945 den 1055, respectively. De Abbasids eventually regain control of Iraq during de reign of Caliph al-Muqtafi (r. 1136–1160) wey extend dema rule into Iran during de reign of Caliph al-Nasir (r. 1180–1225).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Richards |first=D. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wOzeDwAAQBAJ&q=Al-Nasir+isfahan&pg=PT28 |title=The Chronicle of Ibn al-Athir for the Crusading Period from al-Kamil fi'l-Ta'rikh. Part 3: The Years 589–629/1193–1231: The Ayyubids after Saladin and the Mongol Menace |date=2020 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-351-89281-0 |page=124 |language=en}}</ref> Dis revival end insyd 1258 plus de sack of Baghdad by de Mongols under Hulagu Khan den de execution of Caliph al-Musta'sim, wich mark de effective end of de Abbasid Caliphate.{{Sfn|Jackson|2017|p=|pp=128–129}} Na dem formally reinstate a surviving branch of de Abbasid dynasty insyd 1261 by [[Mamluk Sultanate|Mamluk sultans]] insyd Cairo, buh e lack any political power. De dynasty continue to claim symbolic authority til de Ottoman conquest of Egypt insyd 1517, de last Abbasid caliph be al-Mutawakkil III.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Bosworth |first=Clifford Edmund |author-link=Clifford Edmund Bosworth |title=The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-7486-9648-2 |location= |pages=6–10 |language=en |chapter=The 'Abbasid Caliphs |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=maQxEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA6}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q12536|c=Category:Abbasid Caliphate|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=Abbassides|wikt=no|species=no}} * {{Citation | contribution-url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p003hyfd | contribution = Abbasid Caliphs | title = In Our Time | publisher = BBC Radio 4 | chapter-format = streaming RealAudio | place = [[United Kingdom|UK]] | date = 2 February 2006}}. * {{Citation | contribution-url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/abbasid-caliphate | contribution = Abbasid Caliphate | type = entry | url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190416193911/http://www.iranica.com/ | title = Encyclopaedia Iranica | access-date = 15 June 2007 | archive-date = 16 April 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190416193911/https://web.archive.org/web/20190416193911/http://www.iranica.com/ | url-status = usurped }}. {{Authority control}} [[Category:Abbasid Caliphate| ]] [[Category:Arab dynasties]] [[Category:Sunni dynasties]] [[Category:Countries insyd medieval Africa]] [[Category:States insyd medieval Anatolia]] [[Category:Former Islamic monarchies insyd Europe]] [[Category:Iraq under de Abbasid Caliphate]] [[Category:History of North Africa]] [[Category:Medieval countries insyd de Middle East]] [[Category:History of South Asia]] [[Category:History of de Mediterranean]] [[Category:Medieval history of Iran]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd de 750s]] [[Category:States den territories dem disestablish insyd 1258]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1261]] [[Category:States den territories dem disestablish insyd 1517]] [[Category:750 establishments]] [[Category:1510s disestablishments insyd Asia]] [[Category:8th-century establishments insyd Africa]] [[Category:1258 disestablishments insyd Asia]] [[Category:13th-century disestablishments insyd Africa]] [[Category:Former transcontinental empires]] [[Category:Caliphates]] [[Category:Former monarchies of West Asia]] [[Category:2026 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] 509aavda2ecpiz7halfk6p7lcwnfsmd 0 24656 112522 94438 2026-09-25T01:56:47Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112522 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Muslims''' (Arabic: المسلمون, <small>romanized:</small> ''al-Muslimūn'', <small>lit. </small>'submitters [to God]')<ref>{{cite web |title=Muslim |url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Muslim |url-status=live |archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20150907223337/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Muslim |archive-date=7 September 2015 |publisher=etymonline.com}}</ref> be people wey dey adhere to [[Islam]], a monotheistic religion wey dey belong to de Abrahamic tradition. Dem consider de [[Quran]], de foundational religious text of Islam, to be de verbatim word of de God of Abraham (anaa ''[[Allah]]'') as e be revealed to [[Muhammad]], de last Islamic prophet.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|vauthors=Welch, Alford T, Moussalli, Ahmad S, Newby, Gordon D|title=Muḥammad|encyclopedia=The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World|editor-first=John L.|editor-last=Esposito|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|year=2009|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0550|quote=The Prophet of Islam was a religious, political, and social reformer who gave rise to one of the great civilizations of the world. From a modern, historical perspective, Muḥammad was the founder of Islam. From the perspective of the Islamic faith, he was God's Messenger (rasūl Allāh), called to be a "warner," first to the Arabs and then to all humankind.|access-date=27 March 2017|archive-date=11 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211050118/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0550|url-status=usurped}}</ref> Alongside de Quran, Muslims sanso dey believe insyd previous revelations, such as de Tawrat (Torah), de Zabur (Psalms), den de Injeel (Gospel). Dese earlier revelations be associated plus Judaism den Christianity, wich be regarded by Muslims as earlier versions of Islam.<ref>{{cite web |title=Global Connections . Religion |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/globalconnections/mideast/themes/religion/index.html |access-date=9 May 2022 |website=www.pbs.org}}</ref> De majority of Muslims sanso dey follow de teachings den practices dem attribute to Muhammad (''[[sunnah]]'') as dem record insyd traditional accounts ([[hadith]]).<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vzx8HlsGnTcC&pg=PR21 |title=The Qurʼan and Sayings of Prophet Muhammad: Selections Annotated & Explained |publisher=SkyLight Paths Publishing |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-59473-222-5 |pages=21– |access-date=31 August 2013}}</ref> Plus an estimated population of 2 billion followers, Muslims dey comprise around 26% of de world ein total population.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 June 2025 |title=Islam was the world’s fastest-growing religion from 2010 to 2020 |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2025/06/09/muslim-population-change/ |access-date=7 February 2026 |website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=10 June 2025 |title=Islam was the world’s fastest-growing religion from 2010 to 2020 |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/06/10/islam-was-the-worlds-fastest-growing-religion-from-2010-to-2020/ |access-date=7 February 2026 |website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="pewresearch.orgReligion">{{Cite web |date=21 December 2022 |title=Religious Composition by Country, 2010-2050 |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/interactives/religious-composition-by-country-2010-2050/ |access-date=9 March 2024 |website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project |language=en-US}}</ref> In descending order, de percentage of people wey dey identify as Muslims on each continental landmass dey stand at:<ref name="comps.world">{{Cite web |title=Center of Muslim Population Studies (CoMPS) |url=https://comps.world/ |access-date=23 June 2023}}</ref> 45% of [[Africa]], 25% of Asia den Oceania collectively,<ref name="pewaspa">{{cite web |date=27 January 2011 |title=Region: Asia-Pacific |url=http://pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130309233927/http://www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia.aspx |archive-date=9 March 2013 |access-date=3 January 2012 |website=The Future of the Global Muslim Population |publisher=Pew Research Center}}</ref> 6% of Europe,<ref name="peweur">{{cite web |date=27 January 2011 |title=Region: Europe |url=http://pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-europe.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130407080033/http://www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-europe.aspx |archive-date=7 April 2013 |access-date=3 January 2012 |website=The Future of the Global Muslim Population |publisher=Pew Research Center}}</ref> den 1% of de Americas.<ref name="pewame">{{cite web |date=27 January 2011 |title=Region: Americas |url=http://pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-americas.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130407082305/http://www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-americas.aspx |archive-date=7 April 2013 |access-date=3 January 2012 |website=The Future of the Global Muslim Population |publisher=Pew Research Center}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Kington |first=Tom |date=31 March 2008 |title=Number of Muslims ahead of Catholics, says Vatican |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/mar/31/religion |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130902042814/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/mar/31/religion |archive-date=2 September 2013 |access-date=17 November 2008 |website=The Guardian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Muslim Population |url=http://www.islamicpopulation.com/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130525045557/http://www.muslimpopulation.com/index.html |archive-date=25 May 2013 |access-date=17 November 2008 |publisher=IslamicPopulation.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Field Listing Religions |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604221011/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2122.html |archive-date=4 June 2011 |access-date=17 November 2008}}</ref> Additionally, insyd subdivided geographical regions, de figure dey stand at: 91% of de Middle East–North Africa,<ref name="pewmena">{{cite web |date=27 January 2011 |title=Region: Middle East-North Africa |url=http://pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-middle-east.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130309233947/http://www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-middle-east.aspx |archive-date=9 March 2013 |access-date=3 January 2012 |website=The Future of the Global Muslim Population |publisher=Pew Research Center}}</ref><ref name="pewmuslim22">{{cite web |date=27 January 2011 |title=Region: Middle East-North Africa |url=http://pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-middle-east.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130725215915/http://www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-middle-east.aspx |archive-date=25 July 2013 |access-date=22 December 2011 |website=The Future of the Global Muslim Population |publisher=Pew Research Center}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=7 October 2009|title=Middle East-North Africa Overview|language=en-US|work=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population10/|url-status=live|access-date=18 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170128210559/http://www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population10/|archive-date=28 January 2017}}</ref> 90% of Central Asia,<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 2012 |title=The Global Religious Landscape |url=http://www.pewforum.org/files/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924113632/http://www.pewforum.org/files/2014/01/global-religion-full.pdf |archive-date=24 September 2015 |website=Pew}}</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-ii|title=CENTRAL ASIA ii. Demography|last=Rowland|first=Richard H.|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica|language=en|access-date=25 May 2017|volume=2|pages=161–164|archive-date=16 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916105914/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-ii|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|title=CENTRAL ASIA ii. Demography|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Iranica|url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-ii|access-date=25 May 2017|last=Rowland|first=Richard H.|volume=2|pages=161–164|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916105914/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-asia-ii|archive-date=16 September 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> 65% of de Caucasus,<ref name="cia.gov">{{Cite web |title=Middle East :: Azerbaijan — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/azerbaijan/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127171042/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/azerbaijan/ |archive-date=27 January 2021 |access-date=1 December 2019 |website=www.cia.gov}}</ref><ref name="eurasianet.org">{{Cite web |title=The Many Languages of Islam in the Caucasus |url=https://eurasianet.org/the-many-languages-of-islam-in-the-caucasus |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721131035/https://eurasianet.org/the-many-languages-of-islam-in-the-caucasus |archive-date=21 July 2020 |access-date=1 December 2019 |website=Eurasianet |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Armenia information">{{cite web |title=Statistical Service of Armenia |url=http://www.armstat.am/file/doc/99475033.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010144321/http://www.armstat.am/file/doc/99475033.pdf |archive-date=10 October 2017 |access-date=20 February 2014 |publisher=Armstat}}</ref><ref name="News.am">{{cite news|title=Armenia Population|agency=countrymeters.info|url=http://countrymeters.info/en/Armenia|url-status=live|access-date=24 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626115837/http://countrymeters.info/en/Armenia|archive-date=26 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=humans.txt |title=Azərbaycan əhalisinin sayı 10 milyon nəfərə çatıb |url=http://www.yap.org.az/az/view/news/32999/azerbaycan-ehalisinin-sayi-10-milyon-nefere-chatib |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601041031/http://www.yap.org.az/az/view/news/32999/azerbaycan-ehalisinin-sayi-10-milyon-nefere-chatib |archive-date=1 June 2019 |access-date=9 December 2019 |website=/ |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Middle East :: Georgia — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/georgia/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204222544/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/georgia/ |archive-date=4 February 2021 |access-date=9 December 2019 |website=www.cia.gov}}</ref> 42% of Southeast Asia,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oxford Islamic Studies Online |url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/focus/essay1009_southeast_asia.html |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320170459/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/focus/essay1009_southeast_asia.html |archive-date=20 March 2017 |access-date=14 March 2017 |website=www.oxfordislamicstudies.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Yusuf">{{Cite journal |last=Yusuf |first=Imtiyaz |title=The Middle East and Muslim Southeast Asia: Implications of the Arab Spring |url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/focus/essay1009_southeast_asia.html |url-status=usurped |journal=Oxford Islamic Studies |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320170459/http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/Public/focus/essay1009_southeast_asia.html |archive-date=20 March 2017}}</ref> 32% of South Asia,<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 January 2011 |title=Region: Asia-Pacific |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010061404/http://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-asia/ |archive-date=10 October 2017 |access-date=13 March 2017 |website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2016 |editor-last=Burke |editor-first=Daniel Burke |title=The moment American Muslims were waiting for |url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/07/29/politics/muslims-moment-khan/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312235900/http://www.cnn.com/2016/07/29/politics/muslims-moment-khan/index.html |archive-date=12 March 2017 |access-date=13 March 2017 |website=CNN Religion}}</ref> den 42% of sub-Saharan Africa.<ref name="pewssa">{{cite web |date=27 January 2011 |title=Region: Sub-Saharan Africa |url=http://pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-sub-saharan-africa.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130309234009/http://www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-sub-saharan-africa.aspx |archive-date=9 March 2013 |access-date=3 January 2012 |website=The Future of the Global Muslim Population |publisher=Pew Research Center}}</ref><ref name="pewmuslim32">{{cite web |date=27 January 2011 |title=Region: Sub-Saharan Africa |url=http://pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-sub-saharan-africa.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728160720/http://www.pewforum.org/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-sub-saharan-africa.aspx |archive-date=28 July 2013 |access-date=22 December 2011 |website=The Future of the Global Muslim Population |publisher=Pew Research Center}}</ref> While der be several Islamic schools and branches, as well as non-denominational Muslims, de two largest denominations be [[Sunni Islam]] (87–90% of all Muslims)<ref name="Sunni-eb"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="1324">{{cite web |date=7 October 2009 |title=Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225005131/http://www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/ |archive-date=25 December 2018 |access-date=24 September 2013 |website=[[Pew Research Center]] |quote=Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims.}}</span><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="1325">''[[Pew Research Center]]''. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="1327">7 October 2009. </span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="1328">[https://web.archive.org/web/20181225005131/http://www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/ Archived] from the original on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. </span></span><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="1329"><span class="reference-accessdate">Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2013</span>. </span><q><span class="cx-segment" data-segmentid="1330">Of the total Muslim population, 10–13% are Shia Muslims and 87–90% are Sunni Muslims.</span></q></cite></ref> den [[Shia Islam]] (10–13% of all Muslims).<ref name="Shia">{{cite web |title=Shiʿi, Islam |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Shii/Shii-dynasties |access-date=17 January 2022 |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |quote=In the early 21st century some 10–13 percent of the world's 1.6 billion Muslims were Shiʿi.}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Religions - The World Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/religions/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109053702/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/religions |archive-date=9 January 2021 |access-date=9 February 2025 |website=www.cia.gov}}</ref><ref name="Pew_2009">{{Cite report |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf |title=Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population |date=October 2009 |page=1 |access-date=17 January 2022 |work=[[Pew Research Center]] |quotation=Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims. Most Shias (between 68% and 80%) live in just four countries: Iran, Pakistan, India and Iraq.}}</ref> By sheer numbers, South Asia dey account for de largest portion (31%) of de global Muslim population.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pechilis |first1=Karen |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=kaubzRxh-U0C}} |title=South Asian Religions: Tradition and Today |last2=Raj |first2=Selva J. |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9780415448512 |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=kaubzRxh-U0C&pg=PA193 193] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Pillalamarri|first=Akhilesh|date=8 January 2016|title=How South Asia Will Save Global Islam|language=en-US|newspaper=The Diplomat|url=https://thediplomat.com/2016/01/how-south-asia-will-save-global-islam/|url-status=live|access-date=7 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327102711/https://thediplomat.com/2016/01/how-south-asia-will-save-global-islam/|archive-date=27 March 2019}}</ref> By country, [[Indonesia]] be de largest insyd de Muslim world, wey dey hold around 12% of all Muslims worldwide;<ref name="Islam_by_country">{{cite web |date=27 January 2011 |title=Number of Muslim by country |url=https://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/the-future-of-the-global-muslim-population/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110209094904/http://www.pewforum.org/The-Future-of-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx |archive-date=9 February 2011 |access-date=4 April 2021 |publisher=nationmaster.com}}</ref><ref name="pew2015countries">{{cite web |title=10 Countries With the Largest Muslim Populations, 2010 and 2050date=2015-04-02 |url=http://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/muslims/pf_15-04-02_projectionstables74/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504075835/http://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/muslims/pf_15-04-02_projectionstables74/ |archive-date=4 May 2017 |access-date=7 February 2017 |website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project}}</ref> wey Pakistan get de second largest number of Muslims insyd de world after Indonesia.<ref>{{cite book |last=Singh |first=Y P |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pbqfCwAAQBAJ&q=pakistan+has+second+largest+muslim+population+in+the+world&pg=PT5 |title=Islam in India and Pakistan – A Religious History |publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd |year=2016 |isbn=9789385505638 |quote=Pakistan has the second largest Muslim population in the world after Indonesia.}}</ref> Outsyd de Muslim-majority countries, [[India]] den [[China]] be home to de largest (11%) den second-largest (2%) Muslim populations, respectively.<ref>{{Citation |title=Book review: Russia's Muslim Heartlands reveals diverse population |date=21 April 2018 |work=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]] |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/arts-culture/book-review-russia-s-muslim-heartlands-reveals-diverse-population-1.723230 |access-date=13 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190114210257/https://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/book-review-russia-s-muslim-heartlands-reveals-diverse-population-1.723230 |archive-date=14 January 2019 |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref><ref name="pewmuslim122">{{cite web |title=Muslim Population by Country |url=http://features.pewforum.org/muslim-population/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110209094904/http://www.pewforum.org/The-Future-of-the-Global-Muslim-Population.aspx |archive-date=9 February 2011 |access-date=22 December 2011 |website=The Future of the Global Muslim Population |publisher=Pew Research Center}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Islam in Russia |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/indepth/features/islam-russia-180307094248743.html&ved=2ahUKEwjnwtPN1OXfAhXNSxUIHQhBA4gQFjAMegQIBhAB&usg=AOvVaw27U7hQK-1THu2LP_Be0os7&ampcf=1&cshid=1547207388328 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190111175543/https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/indepth/features/islam-russia-180307094248743.html%26ved%3D2ahUKEwjnwtPN1OXfAhXNSxUIHQhBA4gQFjAMegQIBhAB%26usg%3DAOvVaw27U7hQK-1THu2LP_Be0os7%26ampcf%3D1%26cshid%3D1547207388328 |archive-date=11 January 2019 |access-date=9 January 2022 |website=www.aljazeera.com}}</ref> Secof high Muslim population growth, Islam be de fastest-growing religion insyd de world.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/main-factors-driving-population-growth/|title=Main Factors Driving Population Growth|date=2 April 2015|work=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project|access-date=23 October 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=1 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201205139/https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/main-factors-driving-population-growth/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2015/04/02/living/pew-study-religion/|title=The world's fastest-growing religion is ...|last1=Burke|first1=Daniel|date=4 April 2015|access-date=18 April 2015|agency=CNN|archive-date=15 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515234633/https://edition.cnn.com/2015/04/02/living/pew-study-religion/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="USNewsLippman2">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/religion/articles/2008/04/07/no-god-but-god|title=No God But God|author=Lippman, Thomas W.|date=7 April 2008|magazine=U.S. News & World Report|access-date=24 September 2013|quote=Islam is the youngest, the fastest growing, and in many ways the least complicated of the world's great monotheistic faiths. It is based on its own holy book, but it is also a direct descendant of Judaism and Christianity, incorporating some of the teachings of those religions—modifying some and rejecting others.|archive-date=16 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116181425/https://www.usnews.com/news/religion/articles/2008/04/07/no-god-but-god|url-status=live}}</ref> Muslims experience persecution of varying severity, especially insyd China, India, sam parts of Africa, den Southeast Asia.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dabashi |first=Hamid |title=Muslim cleansing: A global pandemic? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2018/12/22/muslim-cleansing-a-global-pandemic |access-date=23 May 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 June 2022 |title=Discrimination and Persecution Against Muslims Worldwide {{!}} Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission |url=http://humanrightscommission.house.gov/events/hearings/discrimination-and-persecution-against-muslims-worldwide |access-date=23 May 2024 |website=humanrightscommission.house.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ochab |first=Dr Ewelina U. |title=Muslims Have Become A Persecuted Minority In India, Experts Warn |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ewelinaochab/2022/07/16/muslims-have-become-a-persecuted-minority-in-india-experts-warn/ |access-date=23 May 2024 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=10 June 2021 |title=China: Draconian repression of Muslims in Xinjiang amounts to crimes against humanity |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/06/china-draconian-repression-of-muslims-in-xinjiang-amounts-to-crimes-against-humanity/ |access-date=23 May 2024 |website=Amnesty International |language=en}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q47740|c=Category:Muslims|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=مسلمان|species=no}} *[http://www.islamicsupremecouncil.org/understanding-islam/legal-rulings/53-ritual-prayer-its-meaning-and-manner.html Ritual Prayer: Its Meaning and Manner] – The Islamic Supreme Council of America. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20210910065513/http://teachmiddleeast.lib.uchicago.edu/historical-perspectives/rulership-and-justice/islamic-period/essay/essay-02.html Muhammad and the First Muslim Ummah] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910065513/http://teachmiddleeast.lib.uchicago.edu/historical-perspectives/rulership-and-justice/islamic-period/essay/essay-02.html |date=10 September 2021 }} – University of Chicago * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210922184915/http://www.islamophobiatoday.com/ ''Islamophobia Today'' Newspaper] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922184915/http://www.islamophobiatoday.com/ |date=22 September 2021 }} – An Islamophobia news clearing house * [https://www.academia.edu/24419416/UNDERSTANDING_and_COUNTERING_ISLAMOPHOBIA Sammy Aziz Rahmatti, ''Understanding and Countering Islamophobia''] *[[Wiktionary:Wikisaurus:Muslim|WikiSaurus:Muslim]] * {{cite web|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/religion/articles/2008/04/07/understanding-islam |title=Understanding Islam |website=Susan Headden |date=7 April 2008 |access-date=25 August 2010}} * {{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207192144/https://www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000816004118/https://web.archive.org/web/20200207192144/https://www.adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html |url-status=usurped |archive-date=16 August 2000 |title=Major Religions of the World Ranked by Number of Adherents |publisher=Adherents.com |access-date=3 July 2007}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Muslims| ]] [[Category:Quranic words den phrases]] [[Category:Religious identity]] [[Category:2026 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] hgee50t7rj3wy7myn87tkphnwv46759 0 24889 112458 90805 2026-09-25T00:07:29Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112458 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Battle of Hazir''' anaa ''Ma'arakah al-Haadhir'' (Arabic: معركة الحاضر) take place between de Byzantine army den de Rashidun army ein elite cavalry, de Mobile guard. E take place insyd June 637, three miles east of Qinnasrin at Al-Hadher insyd present-day Syria. == Background == After de conquest of Jerusalem, Caliph [[Umar]] go back to ein capital city of [[Medina|Madinah]] while Commander Yazeed proceed to Caesarea den once again laid siege to de port city. Commanders Amr bin al-A’as den Sharhabeel march to reoccupy Palestine den Jordan, wich dem plete by de end of de year. Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah den [[Khalid ibn al-Walid|Khalid ibn Walid]], plus an army of 17,000 men, set off from Jerusalem to conquer all of northern Syria. Abu Ubaidah march to Damascus, wich already be insyd [[Muslims|Muslim]] hands, den then to [[Homs|Emesa]], wich welcome ein return. Ein next objective be Qinnasrin wich be approached plus Khalid den de Mobile Guard insyd de lead. After a few days de Mobile Guard reach Hazir, three miles east of Qinnasrin, wer e be attacked in strength by de Byzantines. De Byzantine garrison commander at Qinnasrin be a general dem name Menas, a distinguished soldier wey ein men love am. Menas know say if he stay insyd Qinnasrin, he go be besieged by de Rashidun army den go eventually have to surrender, as he fi expect no help from de emperor. He therefore decide to take de offensive den attack de leading elements of de Rashidun army well forward of de city den attempt to defeat dem before dem fi be joined by de main body. Plus dis plan in mind, Menas attack de Mobile Guard at Hazir plus a force wey ein strength be about 7,000 men;{{sfn|Crawford|2013|p=149}} insyd dis effort, he either no know say Khalid be present plus de leading elements of de Muslim army anaa he no believe all dat he hear about Khalid ibn Walid. According to Peter Crawford, de numbers dem record for de subsequent Battle of Hazir be disputed. Secof de mass evacuation of Syria wey Heraclius order, e go be surprising if Menas get even a tenth of dis recorded figure, while e be sam wat unlikely Abu Ubayda den Khalid go get as many men as dis plus de detachment of de corps of Yazid, Shurahbil, den Amr.{{sfn|Crawford|2013|p=149}} == Battle == De battle begin on a plain three miles east of Qinnasrin at Al-Hadher, wich be a farming village. Khalid deploy ein Mobile Guard into ein fighting formation for battle. Menas arrange ein army insyd one center den two wings wey ein einself insyd de front ranks wey dey lead de army like Khalid. Soon fierce clashes break out at Hazir. De battle be still insyd ein early stages wen dem kill Menas. As de news of ein death spread among ein men, de Byzantine soldiers go wild plus fury wey dem savagely attack to avenge dema leader ein death. At dat time, Khalid take a cavalry regiment wey he maneuver from a wing to attack de Byzantine army from de rear. Soon de entire Roman army be encircled den defeated. Na dem say Menas den ein garrison never suffer such a severe defeat.{{sfn|Al-Tabari|1992|pp=178–179}} == Aftermath == As soon as de battle be over, de people of Hazir cam out of dema town to greet Khalid. Dem plead say dem be Arabs wey dem get no intention of opposing am. Khalid accept dema surrender wey he advance to Qinnasrin. Insyd anoda account, however, Ibn al-Adim suggest say Khalid kill sam of de townspeople although Yohann Friedmann, de translator of Tabari no dey gree.{{sfn|Al-Tabari|1992|pp=178–179}}{{sfn|ʻUmar ibn Aḥmad Ibn al-Adim|p=26}} At Qinnasrin, de part of de Roman garrison wich no accompany Menas to Hazir shut einself up insyd de fort. As soon as Khalid arrive, he send a message to de garrison: Widout further delay, Qinnasrin surrender to Khalid. De Battle of Hazir den de surrender of Qinnasrin take place insyd about June, 637. Wen Caliph Umar receive reports of de Battle of Hazir, he make no attempt to conceal ein admiration for de military genius of Khalid. Umar exclaim: Dis be Umar ein first admission say perhaps he no judge Khalid rightly after he dismiss Khalid from de command of de Muslim army.{{sfn|Al-Tabari|1991|p=98}} == References == <references /> == External links == * Akram, A.I. ''The Sword of Allah: Khalid bin al-Waleed, His Life and Campaigns'', Nat. Publishing. House, Rawalpindi (1970) {{ISBN|978-0-7101-0104-4}}. * {{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c6Qr3oiAwXUC&q=ميناس++خالد+بن+الوليد&pg=PT253 | last = Muhammad Ubaid al-Rifai | first = Mansur | year=207 |title = Ra'd al-Shabaab Khalid bin Walid |page = 254 |ref=none}} *{{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150214235415/http://islamport.com/w/tkh/Web/363/172.htm |title=بغية الطلب في تاريخ حلب |website=islamport.com |publisher=Muuqa Al-Warraq }} * Zubdat al-Halab fi ta'arikh Halab (زبدة الحلب في تأريخ حلب; The cream of the history of Aleppo) written by Ibn al-Adim [[Category:Battles wey dey involve de Byzantine Empire|Hazir]] [[Category:Battles of Khalid ibn Walid|Hazir]] [[Category:Battles wey dey involve de Rashidun Caliphate|Hazir]] [[Category:Battles of de Arab–Byzantine wars|Hazir]] [[Category:637|Hazir]] [[Category:630s insyd de Byzantine Empire]] [[Category:Muslim conquest of de Levant]] [[Category:2026 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] 5sjf1a4j3r0yhghcx9cqaw3h72ti1b3 0 24996 112442 108558 2026-09-24T23:39:28Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112442 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De Ahmadiyya Muslim community be de second largest group of [[Islam]] insyd Ghana after [[Sunni Islam]]. De early rise of de community insyd Ghana can be traced through a sequence of events beginning roughly at de same time as de birth of de Ahmadiyya movement insyd 1889 insyd British India. Na e be during de early period of de Second Caliphate dat de first missionary, Abdul Rahim Nayyar be sent to what then be de Crown colony of [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]] insyd 1921 upon invitation from Sunni Muslims insyd [[Saltpond]]. Having established de movement insyd de country, Nayyar leave den be replaced by de first permanent missionary, Al Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim insyd 1922.  De Pew Research Center estimate de total number of Ahmadis insyd Ghana at 635,000 people, wey represent roughly 16.5% of Ghana ein Muslim population, den roughly 2.5% of Ghana ein population as a whole. De estimate disputed due to de alleged undercounting of Muslims insyd Ghana (including Ahmadis), de Ahmadiyya Muslim Community estimate a population of two million Ghanaian Ahmadis. == History == === Establishment === [[File:Appah.png|left|thumb|Aduogyir "Mahdi" Appah insyd ein later years]] De introduction of de Ahmadiyya Muslim Community insyd Ghana can be traced to a sequence of events, commencing several years prior to de establishment of de Community insyd 1889 insyd British India. Although, there be reports of small number of Muslims insyd southern Ghana insyd de early 19th century,<ref name="Fisher117">{{Harvnb|Fisher|1963}}</ref> Islam be said to have properly commenced insyd de region insyd 1885, among de [[Fante people]].<ref name="Samwini37">{{Harvnb|Samwini|2006}}</ref> Roughly a decade prior to dis, insyd 1872, during perhaps de third [[Anglo-Ashanti wars|Anglo-Ashanti war]], a northern Muslim cleric Abu Bakr arrive insyd southern Ghana to administer de spiritual needs of Muslim Nigerian [[Hausa people|Hausa]] soldiers brought by de British colonialists.<ref name="Fisher117" /> Insyd 1885, he convert two people who are regarded as de founding fathers of Islam among de Fante people; namely Benjamin Sam and Mahdi Appah.<ref name="Samwini37" /> Both formerly be Christians. Sam be a Methodist evangelist den a trader who initially brought ein friend Appah from Paganism to Christianity. De conversion of Sam be said to have been influenced through a vision den of Appah as a consequence of de fulfilment of ein prayer.<ref name="Fisher117" /> Islam grow rapidly among de Fante people.<ref name="Fisher117">{{Harvnb|Fisher|1963}}</ref> Starting from Ekrofol, Sam self-designated einself as ein Imam, den quickly built a community of 500 Fante Muslims across southern Ghana.<ref name="Samwini37">{{Harvnb|Samwini|2006}}</ref> At times, Muslim clerics from de northern regions continue to supervise de growing, but nascent group of Muslims insyd southern Ghana. Insyd July 1896, a secular Muslim school be opened insyd Ekrofol, den Appah be appointed as ein manager.<ref name="Fisher117" /> However, de northern clerics expressed strong disapproval of a secular-leaning school.<ref name="Fisher118">{{Harvnb|Fisher|1963}}</ref> Despite dis, de school prospered plus governmental assistance until 1908 when e be infected by Guinea worm disease den attendance soon dropped.<ref name="Fisher118" /> As a convert from Christianity, Sam taught customs, brought from Christianity, dat sometimes be considered un-Islamic. Dis be a major cause of disagreement between him den ein friend Appah. As a result, Appah left Ekrofol.<ref name="Samwini37" /> Sam die soon after, insyd de same year de disease struck de school. Appah once again return to Ekrofol den continue to propagate Islam among de Fante people.<ref name="Samwini37" /><ref name="Fisher118" /> [[File:Abdur_Rahim_Nayyar.jpg|thumb|Abdul Rahim Nayyar, de first Ahmadi Muslim missionary to be sent to de [[Gold Coast (British colony)|Gold Coast]], modern-day Ghana, be responsible for establishing de movement insyd de country.]] De first contact plus Ahmadiyya insyd Ghana perhaps fi be attributed to a consequence of Sam ein cousin wey dream of white men dem call "Muslims",<ref name="Fisher118">{{Harvnb|Fisher|1963}}</ref> plus whom he dey pray.<ref name="Antoine77">{{Harvnb|Antoine|2010}}</ref> E be believed by converts say de only people wey pray as Muslims be de northern [[Hausa people|Hausa]]. However, a resident insyd [[Saltpond]], originally from Nigeria, inform de presence of de Indian-origin Ahmadiyya movement insyd Nigeria.<ref name="Antoine77" /> Soon, thru de ''Review of Religions'',<ref name="Fisher118" /> de Fante Muslims under de leadership of Appah make contact plus de caliph, Mirza Bashir-ud-Din Mahmud Ahmad, insyd Qadian, India.<ref name="Samwini87">{{Harvnb|Samwini|2006}}</ref> De Muslims no longer be interested to remain under de spiritual guidance of de northern Ghanaians anaa Hausa Muslims. De caliph send Al-Hajj Abdul Rahim Nayyar wey sail from London to Freetown, insyd Sierra Leone. After a short stay he arrive on 28 February 1921 to Saltpond, Ghana.wey he start dey preach insyd de first week of March 1921.<ref name="Fisher118" /><ref name="Samwini87" /> Following a lecture, de Fante community "believe der den then", following wich dem hold an oath of allegiance.<ref name="Antoine77" /> Insyd de history of de Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, Mahdi Appah be regarded as de first Ghanaian to become an Ahmadi Muslim.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=May 2008 |title=Hadhrat Khalifatul Masih V – Service in Ghana |url=http://reviewofreligions.org/1768/service-in-ghana/ |journal=[[Review of Religions]]}}</ref> Despite resistance from northern clerics, de Fante Muslims convert ''en masse'', giving immediate rise to de Ahmadiyya movement insyd Ghana.<ref name="Fisher118" /><ref name="Samwini87" /> Having established de Ahmadiyya movement insyd Ghana, Nayyar leave within a month for Lagos, insyd Nigeria, before dem return again insyd fall of 1921.<ref name="Fisher119">{{Harvnb|Fisher|1963}}</ref> Nayyar leave de colony once again insyd 1922 den be replaced by Al Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim, as de first permanent missionary to Ghana.<ref name="Fisher119" /><ref name="Samwini88">{{Harvnb|Samwini|2006}}</ref> Insyd 1923, Hakim start an elementary school insyd Saltpond.<ref name="Fisher119" /> Further primary schools be opened insyd a number of oda towns den villages, such as insyd Mumford den Potsin, all insyd de coastal regions.<ref name="Samwini91">{{Harvnb|Samwini|2006}}</ref> By 1927, de Community numbered 3,000 across forty localities insyd de southern regions den de Ashanti Empire. Insyd 1927, an increased missionary outlook be adopted, which facilitated ein spread among the Fante people in the south, the Wala people in the north, and de Ashanti people insyd between.<ref name="Samwini88" /><ref name="Wilks179">{{Harvnb|Wilks|2002}}</ref> Insyd 1929, Hakim leave de colony, only to return again insyd 1933, for anoda two years.<ref name="Samwini160">{{Harvnb|Samwini|2006}}</ref> According to Samwini, de rapid expansion posed a threat to de very existence of Christianity den de Sunni order insyd de country.<ref name="Samwini89">{{Harvnb|Samwini|2006}}</ref> [[File:Fadl-ul-Rahman_Hakim.png|left|thumb|Al Hajj Fadl-ul-Rahman Hakim be de first permanent Ahmadi Muslim missionary insyd de Gold Coast.]] === Early twentieth century === Leading up to de 1950s, de presence of de Ahmadiyya movement strongly be felt throughout modern Ghana, wey stretch from de coastal towns, through to Kumasi, den up to Wa insyd de [[Upper West Region|Upper West region]] den sana among de Dagbon regions insyd de northeast.<ref name="Samwini91">{{Harvnb|Samwini|2006}}</ref> From de very beginning, de Ahmadiyya movement adopt Western-style education system den at de same time advocate for Islamic curriculum. Insyd 1928, de Community request de colonial government for permission to build a mosque den a secondary school insyd [[Kumasi]]. However, de government reject de application, on de basis say der already exist a Muslim mosque den a school insyd de region. De following year, dem send anoda letter plus over 400 signatures from Asante members of de Community.<ref name="Antoine83">{{Harvnb|Antoine|2010}}</ref> Plus small number of Muslims being admitted to public schools, de Community petition de government, insyd 1931, to select Muslim members give de government ein board of education.<ref name="Antoine85">{{Harvnb|Antoine|2010}}</ref> Dem wrep anoda letter insyd 1946 to de Chief Commission of Ashanti, dey argue say dem dey afford Christians chaw most rights den privileges.<ref name="Antoine88">{{Harvnb|Antoine|2010}}</ref> E no be til 1950 wey de colonial government first give permission to establish an Ahmadiyya school insyd de [[Ashanti Region|Ashanti Empire]]. Dem found de [[T.I. Ahmadiyya Senior High School, Kumasi|T.I. Ahmadiyya Senior High School]] insyd Kumasi on January 50, 1950.<ref name="Antoine89">{{Harvnb|Antoine|2010}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{commons}} * Alfazl Qadian, India issues March, April, May, 1921 *{{Cite book |title=Ahmadiyyah: A study in Contemporary Islam on the West African Coast |first=Humphrey |last=Fisher |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1963 }} *{{Cite book |title=The Muslim Resurgence in Ghana Since 1950: Its Effects Upon Muslims and Muslim-Christian Relations |first=Nathan |last=Samwini |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tpnaeupe4gkC&pg=PR1 |publisher=Lit Verlag |year=2006 |isbn=9783825889913 |place=Berlin }} *{{Cite book |title=Wa and the Wala Islam and Polity in Northwestern Ghana |first=Ivor |last=Wilks |date=2002 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |place=Cambridge |isbn=9780521894340 }} *{{Cite book |title=Islam in West Africa |url=https://archive.org/details/islaminwestafric0000trim |first=J. Spencer |last=Trimingham |date=1959 |publisher=Oxford University Press }} *{{Cite book |title=Practice and Conversion of Asante Market Women to the Ahmadiya Muslim Mission in the late 20th Century |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305081804/http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:1208/datastream/OBJ/view |first=Mikelle |last=Antoine |date=2010 |publisher=Michigan State University |access-date=2015-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305081804/http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:1208/datastream/OBJ/view |archive-date=2016-03-05 |url-status=dead }} *{{Cite book |title=The Impact of African Traditional Religious Beliefs and Cultural Values on ChristianMuslim Relations in Ghana from 1920 through the Present: A Case Study of Nkusukum-Ekumfi-Enyan area of the Central Region |url=https://ore.exeter.ac.uk/repository/bitstream/handle/10036/3473/AcquahF.pdf?sequence=3 |first=Francis |last=Acquah |date=2011 |publisher=University of Exeter }} *{{Cite book |title=Intra-Religious conflicts among Muslim Ummah (Community) |url=http://ir.knust.edu.gh/bitstream/123456789/4045/1/Final.pdf |first= Ibrahim Alidu |last=Ayuba |date=2011 |publisher=Kwame Nkrumah University, Ghana }} *{{Cite book |title=A critical study of Christian-Muslim relations in the Central Region of Ghana with special reference to traditional Akan values |url=http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/1207/1/Sarbah10PhD_A1b.pdf |first=Cosmas Justice Ebo |last=Sarbah |date=2010 |publisher=University of Birmingham }} [[Category:Islam insyd Ghana]] [[Category:2026 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] mwubsi5vf2b6u91zl1ejyb2fqm19pty 0 25026 112374 91749 2026-09-24T18:12:42Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112374 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Abī Ḥazm al-Qarashī''' (Arabic: علاء الدين أبو الحسن عليّ بن أبي حزم القرشي), dem know as '''Ibn al-Nafīs''' (Arabic: ابن النفيس), be an Arab polymath wey ein areas of work include medicine, surgery, physiology, anatomy, biology, Islamic studies, jurisprudence, den philosophy. He be known for he be de first to describe de pulmonary circulation of de blood.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Majeed |first1=Azeem |date=2005 |title=How Islam changed medicine |journal=BMJ |volume=331 |issue=7531 |pages=1486–1487 |doi=10.1136/bmj.331.7531.1486 |pmc=1322233 |pmid=16373721}}</ref> De work of Ibn al-Nafis wey dey regard de right sided (pulmonary) circulation pre-dates de later work (1628) of William Harvey ein ''De motu cordis''. Both theories dey attempt to explain circulation. De 2nd century Greek physician Galen ein theory about de physiology of de circulatory system remain unchallenged til de works of Ibn al-Nafis, wey he therefore be described as ''"the father of circulatory physiology"''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Feucht |first1=Cynthia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ODwkBgAAQBAJ&q=%22father+of+circulatory+physiology%22&pg=PA2 |title=Pharmacotherapeutics in Medical Disorders |last2=Greydanus |first2=Donald E. |last3=Merrick |first3=Joav |last4=Patel |first4=Dilip R. |last5=Omar |first5=Hatim A. |date=2012 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=978-3-11-027636-7 |page=2 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Moore |first1=Lisa Jean |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BRIhBQAAQBAJ&q=%22father+of+circulatory+physiology%22&pg=PA124 |title=The Body: Social and Cultural Dissections |last2=Casper |first2=Monica J. |date=2014 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-77172-9 |page=124 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=deVries |first1=Catherine R. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CbVNdBxmdIC&q=%22father+of+the+theory+of+circulation%22&pg=PA39 |title=Global Surgery and Public Health: A New Paradigm |last2=Price |first2=Raymond R. |date=2012 |publisher=Jones & Bartlett Publishers |isbn=978-0-7637-8048-7 |page=39 |language=en}}</ref> As an early anatomist, Ibn al-Nafis sanso perform several human dissections during de course of ein work,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Patrice Le Floch-Prigent and Dominique Delaval |date=April 2014 |title=The discovery of the pulmonary circulation by Ibn al Nafis during the 13th century: an anatomical approach |url=http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/543.9.short |journal=[[The FASEB Journal]] |volume=28}}</ref> wey dey make several important discoveries insyd de fields of physiology den anatomy. Besides ein famous discovery of de pulmonary circulation, he sanso give an early insight of de coronary den capillary circulations.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Szasz |first1=Theodora |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XjZgDQAAQBAJ&q=coronary+Ibn+al-Nafis&pg=PA3 |title=Vascular Smooth Muscle Function in Hypertension |last2=Tostes |first2=Rita C. A. |date=2016 |publisher=Biota Publishing |isbn=978-1-61504-685-0 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Mantzavinos |first1=C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vXQZDAAAQBAJ&q=capillary+Ibn+al-Nafis&pg=PA95 |title=Explanatory Pluralism |date=2016 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-107-12851-4 |language=en}}</ref> Dem sanso appoint am as de chief physician at al-Naseri Hospital wey Sultan [[Saladin]] found. Secof ein discoveries, he be described by sam as “de second Avicenna”.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Masic |first1=I. |last2=Dilic |first2=M. |last3=Solakovic |first3=E. |last4=Rustempasic |first4=N. |last5=Ridjanovic |first5=Z. |date=2008 |title=Why historians of medicine called Ibn al-Nafis second Avicenna? |journal=Medicinski Arhiv |volume=62 |issue=4 |pages=244–249 |pmid=19145813}}</ref> Apart from medicine, Ibn al-Nafis study jurisprudence, literature den theology. He be an expert on de Shafi'i school of jurisprudence den an expert physician.<ref name="Haddad">{{cite journal |last=Haddad |first=Sami |author2=Amin A. Khairallah |year=1936 |title=A Forgotten Chapter in the History of the Circulation of Blood |journal=Annals of Surgery |volume=104 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.1097/00000658-193607000-00001 |pmc=1390327 |pmid=17856795}}</ref> De number of medical textbooks wey Ibn al-Nafis wrep be estimated at more dan 110 volumes.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Numan |first1=Mohammed T. |date=6 August 2014 |title=Ibn Al Nafis: His Seminal Contributions to Cardiology |journal=Pediatric Cardiology |volume=35 |issue=7 |pages=1088–90 |doi=10.1007/s00246-014-0990-7 |pmid=25096906 |s2cid=683719}}</ref> == Writings == === The Comprehensive Book on Medicine === === Commentary on Anatomy insyd Ibn Sina's Canon === === Commentary on Hippocrates' "Nature of Man" === === Commentary on "Endemics" === === Oda works === * ''al-Mūjaz fī al-Tibb'' (“A Summary of Medicine”) * ''Kitāb al-Mukhtār fī al-Aghḏiyah'' (“The Choice of Foodstuffs”)<ref>L. Gari (2002), "Arabic Treatises on Environmental Pollution up to the End of the Thirteenth Century", ''Environment and History'' '''8''' (4), pp. 475-488.</ref> * ''Bughyat al-Tālibīn wa Hujjat al-Mutaṭabbibīn'' (“Reference Book for Physicians”)<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Abdel-Halim |first=Rabie El-Said |date=12 June 2011 |title=Contributions of Ibn al-Nafis to the Progress of Medicine and Urology |url=http://www.muslimheritage.com/article/contributions-of-ibn-al-nafis |website=Muslim Heritage}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Shuttleworth |first=Martyn |date=2009 |title=Islamic ophthalmology |url=https://explorable.com/islamic-ophthalmology |website=Explorable}}</ref> * ''al-Muhaḏḏab fī al-Kuhl'' (“Polished Book on ophthalmology”); an original book on ophthalmology.<ref name=":4" /> * ''Sharḥ Masā’il Hunayn'' (“Commentary on Hunayn Ibn Ishaq's Questions”). * ''al-Risālah al-Kāmiliyyah fī al-Ssīrah al-Nabawiyyah''; (“Theologus Autodidactus”) == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q319146|c=Category:Ibn al-Nafis|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=Ibn al-Nafis|wikt=no|species=no}} * {{cite encyclopedia | last = Iskandar | first = Albert Z. | title=Ibn Al-Nafīs, 'Alā' Al-Dīn Abu 'L-Ḥasan 'Alī Ibn Abi 'L-Ḥazm Al-Qurashī (or Al-Qarashī) | url = http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830903101.html | encyclopedia = [[Dictionary of Scientific Biography|Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography]] | publisher = Encyclopedia.com | orig-year=1970–80 | year = 2008 }} *{{cite journal |last1=B.West |first1=John |title=Ibn al-Nafis, the pulmonary circulation, and the Islamic Golden Age |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-applied-physiology_2008-12_105_6/page/1877 |journal=[[Journal of Applied Physiology]] |date=1 December 2008 |volume=105 |issue=6 |pages=1877–1880 |doi=10.1152/japplphysiol.91171.2008 |pmid=18845773 |pmc=2612469 }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Human]] [[Category:1210s births]] [[Category:1288 deaths]] [[Category:Medieval Syrian medical doctors]] [[Category:Asharis]] [[Category:Shafi'is]] [[Category:13th-century Egyptian medical doctors]] [[Category:Arab Muslims]] [[Category:13th-century Arab people]] [[Category:Medieval Islamic philosophers]] [[Category:Ophthalmologists of de medieval Islamic world]] [[Category:Medical doctors wey komot de Ayyubid Sultanate]] [[Category:Muslim critics of atheism]] [[Category:People wey komot Damascus]] [[Category:2026 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] dx95n1labfhc4yug77nzbp73vi4ko14 0 25048 112494 94211 2026-09-25T01:12:19Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112494 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Ibn al-Haytham''', Latinized as '''Alhazen''' (c. 965 – c. 1040), be a mathematician, astronomer, den physicist of de Islamic Golden Age from present-day Iraq.<ref>Also ''Alhacen'', ''Avennathan'', ''Avenetan'', etc.; the identity of "Alhazen" with Ibn al-Haytham al-Basri "was identified towards the end of the 19th century". </ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Esposito |first1=John L. |title=The Oxford History of Islam |date=2000 |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=192}}</ref><ref name="Vernet 1996 788">For the description of his main fields, see e.g. {{harvnb|Vernet|1996|p=788}} ("He is one of the principal Arab mathematicians and, without any doubt, the best physicist.") {{Harvnb|Sabra|2008}}, {{Harvnb|Kalin|Ayduz|Dagli|2009|p=}} ("Ibn al-Ḥaytam was an eminent eleventh-century Arab optician, geometer, arithmetician, algebraist, astronomer, and engineer."), {{Harvnb|Dallal|1999|p=}} ("Ibn al-Haytham (d.&nbsp;1039), known in the West as Alhazan, was a leading Arab mathematician, astronomer, and physicist. His optical compendium, Kitab al-Manazir, is the greatest medieval work on optics.")</ref> Dem refer to am as "the father of modern optics",<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Masic |first=Izet |date=2008 |title=Ibn al-Haitham--father of optics and describer of vision theory. |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23286650 |journal=Medicinski Arhiv |volume=62 |issue=3 |pages=183–188 |pmid=18822953}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=International Year of Light: Ibn al Haytham, pioneer of modern optics celebrated at UNESCO |url=https://en.unesco.org/news/international-year-light-ibn-al-haytham-pioneer-modern-optics-celebrated-unesco |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150918044445/https://en.unesco.org/news/international-year-light-ibn-al-haytham-pioneer-modern-optics-celebrated-unesco |archive-date=18 September 2015 |access-date=2 June 2018 |website=UNESCO |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Khalili">{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7810846.stm|work=BBC News|title=The 'first true scientist'|author=Al-Khalili, Jim|date=4 January 2009|access-date=2 June 2018|archive-date=26 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426041228/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7810846.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> he make significant contributions to de principles of optics den visual perception in particular. Ein most influential work be titled ''Kitāb al-Manāẓir'' (Arabic: كتاب المناظر, 'Book of Optics'), he wrep during 1011–1021, wich survive insyd a Latin edition.<ref>{{Harvnb|Selin|2008|p=}}: "The three most recognizable Islamic contributors to meteorology were: the Alexandrian mathematician/ astronomer Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen 965–1039), the Arab-speaking Persian physician Ibn Sina (Avicenna 980–1037), and the Spanish Moorish physician/jurist Ibn Rushd (Averroes; 1126–1198).</ref> De works of Alhazen frequently be cited during de Scientific Revolution by Galileo Galilei, René Descartes, Johannes Kepler, den Christiaan Huygens. Ibn al-Haytham be ee first to correctly explain vision as intromissive rada dan extramissive,<ref name="Adamson 2016 77">{{cite book |last=Adamson |first=Peter |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KEpRDAAAQBAJ |title=Philosophy in the Islamic World: A History of Philosophy Without Any Gaps |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2016 |isbn=978-0-19-957749-1 |page=77 |access-date=3 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205005719/https://books.google.com/books?id=KEpRDAAAQBAJ |archive-date=5 February 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> den to argue say vision dey occur insyd de brain, wey dey point to observations say e be subjective wey affect by personal experience.{{sfn|Baker|2012|p=445}} He sanso state de principle of least time give refraction wich later go cam be Fermat's principle.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rashed |first=Roshdi |date=1 April 2019 |title=Fermat et le principe du moindre temps |journal=Comptes Rendus Mécanique |volume=347 |issue=4 |pages=357–364 |bibcode=2019CRMec.347..357R |doi=10.1016/j.crme.2019.03.010 |issn=1631-0721 |s2cid=145904123 |doi-access=free}}</ref> He make major contributions to catoptrics den dioptrics by studying reflection, refraction den nature of images wey light rays form.{{sfn|Selin|2008|p=1817}}<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Boudrioua |first1=Azzedine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6_0wDwAAQBAJ&dq=Law+of+reflection+ibn+al+haitham&pg=PT29 |title=Light-Based Science: Technology and Sustainable Development, The Legacy of Ibn al-Haytham |last2=Rashed |first2=Roshdi |last3=Lakshminarayanan |first3=Vasudevan |publisher=CRC Press |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-351-65112-7 |language=en |access-date=22 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306044312/https://books.google.com/books?id=6_0wDwAAQBAJ&dq=Law+of+reflection+ibn+al+haitham&pg=PT29 |archive-date=6 March 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Ibn al-Haytham be an early proponent of de concept wey a hypothesis for be supported by experiments base on confirmable procedures anaa mathematical reasoning{{snd}}an early pioneer insyd de scientific method five centuries before Renaissance scientists,<ref>[[Nomanul Haq|Haq, Syed]] (2009). </ref>{{sfn|Toomer|1964|p=464}}<ref>{{cite web |title=International Year of Light – Ibn Al-Haytham and the Legacy of Arabic Optics |url=http://www.light2015.org/Home/ScienceStories/1000-Years-of-Arabic-Optics.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141001171116/http://www.light2015.org/Home/ScienceStories/1000-Years-of-Arabic-Optics.html |archive-date=1 October 2014 |access-date=4 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gorini |first=Rosanna |date=October 2003 |title=Al-Haytham the man of experience. First steps in the science of vision |url=http://www.ishim.net/ishimj/4/10.pdf |url-status=live |journal=Journal of the International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine |volume=2 |issue=4 |pages=53–55 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.ishim.net/ishimj/4/10.pdf |archive-date=9 October 2022 |access-date=25 September 2008}}</ref> he sam times be described as de world ein "first true scientist".<ref name="Khalili">{{Cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7810846.stm|work=BBC News|title=The 'first true scientist'|author=Al-Khalili, Jim|date=4 January 2009|access-date=2 June 2018|archive-date=26 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426041228/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7810846.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> He sanso be a polymath, wey dey wrep on philosophy, theology den medicine.<ref>[[Roshdi Rashed]], ''Ibn al-Haytham's Geometrical Methods and the Philosophy of Mathematics: A History of Arabic Sciences and Mathematics, Volume 5'', Routledge (2017), p. 635</ref> Dem born am insyd Basra, he spend chaw of ein productive period insyd de Fatimid capital of Cairo wey he earn ein living authoring various treatises den dey tutor members of de nobilities.<ref>According to [[Al-Qifti]]. </ref> Dem sam times dey give Ibn al-Haytham de byname ''al-Baṣrī'' after ein birthplace,<ref>{{harvnb|O'Connor|Robertson|1999}}</ref> anaa ''al-Miṣrī'' ('the Egyptian').<ref>{{harvnb|O'Connor|Robertson|1999|p=}}</ref><ref>Disputed: {{harvnb|Corbin|1993|p=149}}.</ref> Dem dub Al-Haytham de "Second Ptolemy" by Abu'l-Hasan Bayhaqi<ref name="bayhaqi">Noted by [[Abu'l-Hasan Bayhaqi]] (c. 1097–1169), and by </ref> den "The Physicist" by John Peckham.<ref>{{harvnb|Lindberg|1967|p=331}}:"Peckham continually bows to the authority of Alhazen, whom he cites as "the Author" or "the Physicist"."</ref> Ibn al-Haytham pave de way for de modern science of physical optics.<ref>{{Cite book |last=A. Mark Smith |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mhLVHR5QAQkC |title=Ptolemy's Theory of Visual Perception: An English Translation of the Optics |publisher=American Philosophical Society |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-87169-862-9 |page=57 |access-date=16 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205005720/https://books.google.com/books?id=mhLVHR5QAQkC |archive-date=5 February 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> == List of works == {{Div col|small=yes}} # ''[[Book of Optics]]'' (كتاب المناظر) # ''Analysis and Synthesis'' (مقالة في التحليل والتركيب) # ''Balance of Wisdom'' (ميزان الحكمة) # ''Corrections to the Almagest'' (تصويبات على المجسطي) # ''Discourse on Place'' (مقالة في المكان) # ''Exact Determination of the Pole'' (التحديد الدقيق للقطب) # ''Exact Determination of the Meridian'' (رسالة في الشفق) # ''Finding the Direction of Qibla by Calculation'' (كيفية حساب اتجاه القبلة) # ''Horizontal Sundials'' (المزولة الأفقية) # ''Hour Lines'' (خطوط الساعة) # ''Doubts Concerning Ptolemy'' (شكوك على بطليموس) # ''Maqala fi'l-Qarastun'' (مقالة في قرسطون) # ''On Completion of the Conics'' (إكمال المخاريط) # ''On Seeing the Stars'' (رؤية الكواكب) # ''On Squaring the Circle'' (مقالة فی تربیع الدائرة) # ''On the Burning Sphere'' (المرايا المحرقة بالدوائر) # ''On the Configuration of the World'' (تكوين العالم) # ''On the Form of Eclipse'' (مقالة فی صورة ‌الکسوف) # ''On the Light of Stars'' (مقالة في ضوء النجوم)<ref name= onTheLightOfTheStars >Ibn Al-Haytham, W. 'Arafat and H. J. J. Winter (1971) {{JSTOR|4025317}} (c. 1027–1038) The Light of the Stars: A Short Discourse by Ibn Al-Haytham {{Cite journal |last1=Al-Haytham |first1=Ibn |last2='Arafat |first2=W. |last3=Winter |first3=H. J. J. |journal=The British Journal for the History of Science |date=1971 |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=282–288 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4025317 |title=The Light of the Stars: A Short Discourse by Ibn Al-Haytham |doi=10.1017/S0007087400011237 |jstor=4025317 |access-date=21 September 2022 |archive-date=21 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220921160132/https://www.jstor.org/stable/4025317 |url-status=bot: unknown }} ''The British Journal for the History of Science'' Vol. '''5''', No. 3 (Jun. 1971), pp. 282–288</ref> # ''On the Light of the Moon'' (مقالة في ضوء القمر) # ''On the Milky Way'' (مقالة في درب التبانة) # ''On the Nature of Shadows'' (كيفيات الإظلال) # ''On the Rainbow and Halo'' (مقالة في قوس قزح) # ''Opuscula'' (Minor Works) # ''Resolution of Doubts Concerning the Almagest'' (تحليل شكوك حول الجست) # ''Resolution of Doubts Concerning the Winding Motion'' # ''The Correction of the Operations in Astronomy'' (تصحيح العمليات في الفلك) # ''The Different Heights of the Planets'' (اختلاف ارتفاع الكواكب) # ''The Direction of Mecca'' (اتجاه القبلة) # ''The Model of the Motions of Each of the Seven Planets'' (نماذج حركات الكواكب السبعة) # ''The Model of the Universe'' (نموذج الكون) # ''The Motion of the Moon'' (حركة القمر) # ''The Ratios of Hourly Arcs to their Heights'' # ''The Winding Motion'' (الحركة المتعرجة) # ''Treatise on Light'' (رسالة في الضوء)<ref name=treatiseOnLight2>Alhacen (c.1035) ''Treatise on Light'' (رسالة في الضوء) as cited in [[Shmuel Sambursky]], ed. (1975) [https://archive.org/details/physicalthoughtf0000unse/page/136/mode/2up Physical thought from the Presocratics to the quantum physicists : an anthology], p.137</ref> # ''Treatise on Place'' (رسالة في المكان) # ''Treatise on the Influence of Melodies on the Souls of Animals'' (تأثير اللحون الموسيقية في النفوس الحيوانية) # كتاب في تحليل المسائل الهندسية (A book in engineering analysis) # الجامع في أصول الحساب (The whole in the assets of the account) # قول فی مساحة الکرة (Say in the sphere) # القول المعروف بالغریب فی حساب المعاملات (Saying the unknown in the calculation of transactions) # خواص المثلث من جهة العمود (Triangle properties from the side of the column) # رسالة فی مساحة المسجم المکافی (A message in the free space) # شرح أصول إقليدس (Explain the origins of Euclid) # المرايا المحرقة بالقطوع (The burning mirrors of the rainbow) # مقالة في القرصتن (Treatise on Centers of Gravity) {{Div col end}} === Lost works === # ''A Book in which I have Summarized the Science of Optics from the Two Books of Euclid and Ptolemy, to which I have added the Notions of the First Discourse which is Missing from Ptolemy's Book''<ref>From [[Ibn Abi Usaibia]]'s catalog, as cited in {{harvnb|Smith|2001}} '''91'''(vol. 1), p. xv.</ref> # ''Treatise on Burning Mirrors'' # ''Treatise on the Nature of [the Organ of] Sight and on How Vision is Achieved Through It'' == References == <references /> == External links == {{Sister project links|Ibn al-Haytham|wikt=no|n=no|s=Author:Alhazen|b=no|voy=no|v=no}} *{{cite encyclopedia | editor = Thomas Hockey | last = Langermann | first = Y. Tzvi | title=Ibn al-Haytham: Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥasan | encyclopedia = The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers | publisher = Springer | date = 2007 | location = New York | pages = 556–5567 | url=http://islamsci.mcgill.ca/RASI/BEA/Ibn_al-Haytham_BEA.htm | isbn=978-0-387-31022-0|display-editors=etal}} ([https://web.archive.org/web/20120120111729/http://islamsci.mcgill.ca/RASI/BEA/Ibn_al-Haytham_BEA.pdf PDF version]) * [http://www.muslimheritage.com/article/nader-el-bizri-ibn-al-haytham-introduction 'A Brief Introduction on Ibn al-Haytham' based on a lecture delivered at the Royal Society in London by Nader El-Bizri] * [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~jbourj/money4.htm Ibn al-Haytham on two Iraqi banknotes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803223823/http://www-personal.umich.edu/~jbourj/money4.htm |date=3 August 2018 }} * [http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014/001412/141236E.pdf The Miracle of Light&nbsp;– a UNESCO article on Ibn al-Haytham] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160529143840/http://www.malaspina.org/alhazen.htm Biography from Malaspina Global Portal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529143840/http://www.malaspina.org/alhazen.htm |date=29 May 2016 }} * [http://www.amaana.org/ISWEB/contents.htm#pos9 Short biographies on several "Muslim Heroes and Personalities" including Ibn al-Haytham] * {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991013041615/http://www.ionet.net/~usarch/WTB-Services/MiddleEast/WTB-ME-Thinkers-IbnAlHaitham.shtml |date=13 October 1999 |title=Biography from ioNET }} * {{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060211032459/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/alhazen.shtml |title=Biography from the BBC |access-date=16 September 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060211032459/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/alhazen.shtml |archive-date=11 February 2006 }} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080708215144/http://www.trincoll.edu/depts/phil/philo/phils/muslim/alhazen.html Biography from Trinity College (Connecticut)] * [http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/timeline/people/alhazen.html Biography from Molecular Expressions] * [https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7810846.stm The First True Scientist] from BBC News * [http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0021/002145/214579e.pdf#214593 Over the Moon] From The UNESCO Courier on the occasion of the International Year of Astronomy 2009 * [http://www.muslimheritage.com/article/mechanical-water-clock-ibn-al-haytham The Mechanical Water Clock Of Ibn Al-Haytham], Muslim Heritage * Alhazen's (1572) [https://web.archive.org/web/20180924145526/http://lhldigital.lindahall.org/cdm/ref/collection/color/id/16985 ''Opticae thesaurus''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924145526/http://lhldigital.lindahall.org/cdm/ref/collection/color/id/16985 |date=24 September 2018 }} (English) – digital facsimile from the Linda Hall Library {{Authority control}} [[Category:Ibn al-Haytham| ]] [[Category:960s births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:1040 deaths]] [[Category:10th-century mathematicians]] [[Category:11th-century astronomers]] [[Category:11th-century mathematicians]] [[Category:Scholars under de Buyid dynasty]] [[Category:History of calculus]] [[Category:Mathematicians wey komot de Fatimid Caliphate]] [[Category:Iraqi astronomers]] [[Category:Mathematicians under de Buyid dynasty]] [[Category:Engineers of de medieval Islamic world]] [[Category:Medieval physicists]] [[Category:Medieval Islamic philosophers]] [[Category:Philosophers of science]] [[Category:Natural philosophers]] [[Category:People wey komot Basra]] [[Category:Precursors of photography]] [[Category:Scientists wey work on qibla determination]] [[Category:Inventors of de medieval Islamic world]] [[Category:10th-century inventors]] [[Category:History of scientific method]] [[Category:History of optics]] [[Category:11th-century inventors]] [[Category:Muslim critics of atheism]] [[Category:2026 Wiki Dey Love Ramadan Contributions]] 2z3e8j5v53pfssmub8rfoau0z22xfkw 0 25100 112456 93596 2026-09-25T00:05:45Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112456 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Bambara''', dem sanso know as '''Malian''', '''Bamana''' (N'Ko script: ߓߡߊߣߊ߲) anaa '''Bamanankan''' (N'Ko script: ߓߡߊߣߊ߲ߞߊ߲; Arabic script: بَمَنَنكَن), be a lingua franca den national language of [[Mali]] wey perhaps 14 million people, natively by 4.2 million Bambara people den about 10 million second-language users dey speak. E be estimated say about 80 percent of de population of Mali dey speak Bambara as a first anaa second language. E get a subject–object–verb clause structure den two lexical tones. == Classification == Bambara be a variety of a group of closely related languages dem call Manding, wey ein native speakers dey trace dema cultural history to de medieval Mali Empire.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Note on current use of Manding and Mande ethnonyms and linguonyms |url=http://mandelang.kunstkamera.ru/files/mandelang/mandekan.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120408104148/http://mandelang.kunstkamera.ru/files/mandelang/mandekan.pdf |archive-date=8 April 2012 |access-date=20 April 2012}}</ref> Varieties of Manding generally be considered (among native speakers) to be mutually intelligible – dependent on exposure anaa familiarity plus dialects between speakers – wey 9.1 million people dey speak am insyd de countries [[Burkina Faso]], [[Senegal]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Guinea]], [[Liberia]], [[Ivory Coast]] den [[the Gambia]].<ref name="Man">{{Cite web |title=Mandingo |url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/man/ |access-date=12 March 2024 |publisher=Ethnologue}}</ref> Manding be part of de larger Mandé family of languages. == Geographical distribution == Dem dey speak Bambara thru out Mali as a lingua franca. Dem most widely dey speak de language insyd de areas east, south, den north of Bamako, wer native speakers den/anaa those wey identify as members of de Bambara ethnic group most densely be populated. Dese regions sanso usually be considered to be de historical geographical origin of Bambara people, particularly Ségou, after dem diverge from oda Manding groups.<ref name="autogenerated2000">{{Cite web |title=Mandé Language Family: Maps of Manding-East, North-Eastern Manding, Bamana, Urban koine |url=http://www.sil.org/SILESR/2000/2000-003/Manding/Bamana.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122172907/http://www.sil.org/SILESR/2000/2000-003/Manding/Bamana.htm |archive-date=22 January 2013 |access-date=1 January 2018 |website=www.sil.org}}</ref> == Phonology == === Consonants === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! ! colspan="2" |Labial ! colspan="2" |Alveolar ! colspan="2" |Palatal ! colspan="2" |Velar !Glottal |- !Nasal | colspan="2" |m | colspan="2" |n | colspan="2" |ɲ | colspan="2" |ŋ | |- !Plosive | style="border-right:0" |p | style="border-left:0" |b | style="border-right:0" |t | style="border-left:0" |d | style="border-right:0" |t͡ʃ ⟨c⟩ | style="border-left:0" |d͡ʒ ⟨j⟩ | style="border-right:0" |k | style="border-left:0" |ɡ | |- !Fricative | colspan="2" |f | style="border-right:0" |s | style="border-left:0" |z | colspan="2" |(ʃ) ⟨sh⟩ | colspan="2" |(ɣ) ⟨kh⟩ |h |- !Approximant | colspan="2" |w | colspan="2" |l | colspan="2" |j ⟨y⟩ | colspan="2" | | |- !Trill | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" |r | colspan="2" | | colspan="2" | | |} === Vowels === {| class="wikitable" ! !Front !Central !Back |- align="center" !Close |i iː ĩ | |u uː ũ |- align="center" !Close-mid |e eː ẽ | |o oː õ |- align="center" !Open-mid |ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ | |ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ |- align="center" !Open | |a aː ã | |} == Writing == [[File:Delaforge_-_Grammaire_et_méthode_Bambara_-_p184.jpg|thumb|Page from Francis Delaforge ein ''Grammaire et méthode Bambara'' (1949)]] === Alphabet === * A – a – [a] * B – be – [b] * C – ce – [t͡ʃ] * D – de – [d] * E – e – [e] * Ɛ – ɛ – [ɛ] * F – ef – [f] * G – ge – [g] * H – ha – [h] * I – i – [i] * J – je – [d͡ʒ] * K – ka – [k] * L – ɛl – [l] * M – ɛm – [m] * N – ɛn – [n] * Ɲ – ɲe – [ɲ] * Ŋ – ɛŋ – [ŋ] * O – o – [o] * Ɔ – ɔ – [ɔ] * P – pe – [p] * R – ɛr – [r] * S – ɛs – [s] * T – te – [t] * U – u – [u] * W – wa – [w] * Y – ye – [j] * Z – ze – [z] === Oda letters === * kh – [ɣ] (dem use for loanwords from oda African languages) * -n – nasalises vowel * sh – she – [ʃ] (regional variant of s)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bambara alphabet, pronunciation, and language |url=https://omniglot.com/writing/bambara.htm |access-date=29 June 2021 |website=Omniglot}}</ref> === N'ko orthography === ==== Vowels ==== * ߊ – a – [a] * ߋ – e – [e] * ߌ – i – [i] * ߍ – ɛ – [ɛ] * ߎ – u – [u] * ߏ – o – [o] * ߐ – ɔ – [ɔ] ==== Consonants ==== * ߓ – ba – [b] * ߔ – pa – [p] * ߕ – ta – [t] * ߖ – ja – [d͡ʒ] * ߗ – ca – [t͡ʃ] * ߘ – da – [d] * ߚ/ߙ – ra – [r] * ߛ – sa – [s] * ߜ? – ga – [g/ʀ/ɣ] * ߜ – gba – [ɡ͡b] * ߝ – fa – [f] * ߞ – ka – [k] * ߟ – la – [l] * ߡ – ma – [m] * ߢ – nya or ɲa – [ɲ] * ߒ – nga or ŋa – [ŋ] * ߣ – na – [n] * ߥ – wa – [w] * ߦ – ya – [j] * ߤ – ha – [h] * ߲ – nasal vowel – [-̃] ==== Tones ==== * ߫ – short high * ߬ – short low * ߯ – long high * ߰ – long low<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bambara alphabet, pronunciation, and language |url=https://omniglot.com/writing/bambara.htm |access-date=27 June 2021 |website=Omniglot}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=31 May 2019 |title=Bambara Alphabet and Pronunciation (N'ko and Latin) |url=https://www.ankataa.com/blog/bambara-alphabet |access-date=28 June 2021 |website=An ka taa}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q33243|c=Category:Bambara language|n=no|q=no|b=Bambara|v=no|voy=Bambara phrasebook|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=Bambara|species=no}} === Descriptions === * [https://web.archive.org/web/20160115094600/http://mali.pwnet.org/history/history_language.htm Mali – History – Language] === Dictionaries === * [https://www.maliyiri.com/ Maliyiri.com] is a website which provides English-Bambara-French translations and is a community-based project where users can add new words, comments, provide feedback and follow one another. * [http://cormand.huma-num.fr/bamadaba.html Corpus Bambara de Référence - Etiquetage] online and downloadable Bambara-French Dictionary (about 11,500 entries by the end of 2014), with a French-Bambara index, linked with the Corpus Bambara de Référence * An ka taa's [http://dictionary.ankataa.com Mobile-friendly Bambara-English dictionary] that includes French and Jula. * [[wikt:fr:Catégorie:bambara|Bambara entries (mouse) (>2300) in the French Wiktionary]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081004120230/http://www.bambara.org/en/ Bambara-French-English dictionary] online and downloadable lexicons for language learners * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081108005847/http://www.bisharat.net/Demos/jiriwso.htm Bambara tree names (scientific name -> common name)] === Learning materials === * [https://web.archive.org/web/20181226225516/http://www.iub.edu/~celtie/bambara.html Online Bambara Course from the Indiana University] * {{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721061045/http://www.peacecorp.gov/wws/multimedia/language/transcripts/ML_Bambara_Language_Lessons.pdf |title=AN INTRODUCTION TO BAMBARA |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721061045/https://web.archive.org/web/20110721061045/http://www.peacecorp.gov/wws/multimedia/language/transcripts/ML_Bambara_Language_Lessons.pdf |archive-date=21 July 2011 }}&nbsp;{{small|(168&nbsp;KB)}} on peacecorps.gov === Oda === * [http://cormand.huma-num.fr/ Corpus Bambara de Référence] Corpus Bambara de Référence, an electronic corpus of Bambara texts (about 2,000,000 words end 2014) * Maliyiri.com's [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ml.maliyiri.bambaradictionary&hl=en_US Android application], with thousands of daily users, provides English-Bambara-French translations and users can choose to get daily/weekly word notifications for continuous learning. * [http://cormand.huma-num.fr/biblio/index.jsp Bambara Electronic Library, AMALAN – LLACAN] * [https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2024/24248-masaba.pdf Proposal for encoding the Masaba script], Unicode * [http://www.ankataa.com An ka taa]: a website with a dictionary, resources and media for learning Bambara and Manding more generally. * [http://fr.wikibooks.org/wiki/Bambara Bambara at French Wikibooks] contains more material * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140703141254/http://www.vjf.cnrs.fr/clt/php/va/Page_revue.php?ValCodeRev=MDK Mandenkan Journal] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130516204859/http://www.panafril10n.org/wikidoc/pmwiki.php/PanAfrLoc/Manding PanAfriL10n page on Manding] (includes information on Bambara) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090916112516/http://www.maneno.org/bam/ Maneno in Bambara] (a blogging platform with a full Bambara interface) {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Bambara Language}} [[Category:Bambara language| ]] [[Category:Languages of Burkina Faso]] [[Category:Languages wey dey Ghana]] [[Category:Languages of Guinea]] [[Category:Languages of Ivory Coast]] [[Category:Languages of Mali]] [[Category:Languages of Senegal]] [[Category:Languages of the Gambia]] [[Category:Languages of Mauritania]] [[Category:Languages of Niger]] [[Category:Manding languages]] [[Category:Subject–object–verb languages]] [[Category:Lingua francas]] 6nbajxnrvkvuz01mve267gwkb8dmmcz 0 25547 112402 110929 2026-09-24T19:00:03Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112402 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Pascale Allotey''' be Ghanaian public health researcher wey she be Director for World Health Organization SRH/HRP. Ein research dey focus top how equity, human rights, den social justice take relate to health den sickness, health systems, den global health research. She hold different technical advisory position for World Health Organization. Allotey dey serve on de Paris Institute for Advanced Study World Pandemic Research Network to understand de societal impacts of de [[COVID-19]] pandemic, de Governance of de World Health Summit den de international Advisory Board of ''The Lancet''. == Ein Early life den education == Dem born Allotey for [[Morocco]], wey she spend ein kiddie days for Ghana den [[United Kingdom|UK]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last= |first= |date=2019-01-23 |title=Pascale Allotey: Treat people, not disease |url=https://www.bmj.com/content/364/bmj.l221 |journal=BMJ |language=en |volume=364 |pages=l221 |doi=10.1136/bmj.l221 |issn=0959-8138 |pmid=30674458 |s2cid=59225184 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Ein parents be from Ghana, wey ein poppie be a career diplomat. She say ein earliest ambition be to be a singer anaa a physician.<ref name=":0" /> Wen she be a teenager militia forces arrest ein poppie during a political transition, wey Allotey dey kai say she hide under ein bed as de soldiers enter dema home. De work of ein parents inspire ein lifelong career in engaging directly plus communities to inform research den policy. She first study psychology den nursing at de [[University of Ghana]].<ref name=":12">{{Cite journal|last=Lane|first=Richard|date=2020-03-07|title=Pascale Allotey: midwife turned global health supremo|url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30426-8/abstract|journal=[[The Lancet]]|language=English|volume=395|issue=10226|pages=775|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30426-8|issn=0140-6736|pmid=32145782|s2cid=212423651|url-access=subscription}}</ref> She train den register as a nurse, public health nurse den a midwife insyd Ghana insyd 1988.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web|title=TDR {{!}} Pascale Allotey|url=https://www.who.int/tdr/capacity/alumni/pascale-allotey/en/|website=WHO|access-date=2020-05-23}}</ref> Insyd 1990 Allotey move go [[Australia]] to further ein university studies.<ref name=":12" /> Hie she plete a postgraduate diploma den master's degree insyd public den community health at de University of Western Australia. She remain der for ein doctoral studies, wey she earn a doctoral degree insyd public health insyd 1996. As part of ein doctoral research, she return to Ghana, wer she investigate why women no dey attend antenatal clinics den wat support dem access as an alternative, particularly plus co-morbidities of tropical diseases during pregnancy. She study both de implementation of de safe motherhood initiative insyd antenatal health services den de practices of traditional healers den soothsayers.<ref name=":22" /> == Ein Research plus career == Allotey start ein academic career as a research fellow insyd public health, first at de University of Western Australia den then at de University of Queensland.<ref name=":12" /> Insyd 1997, de World Health Organization Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) invite Allotey make she join dema gender task force.<ref name=":22" /> Insyd dis capacity she contribute to de analysis of de impact of gender on various tropical diseases.<ref>{{Cite web|title=TDR {{!}} The gender agenda in the control of tropical diseases: A review of current evidence|url=https://www.who.int/tdr/publications/tdr-research-publications/gender-agenda-control-tropical-diseases/en/|website=WHO|access-date=2020-05-23}}</ref> She sanso investigate de physical den mental health of refugees, den de implications of dema health on dema communities.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/1025440|title=The health of refugees: public health perspectives from crisis to settlement|date=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-551593-0|editor-last=Allotey|editor-first=Pascale|location=South Melbourne; New York|oclc=53840631}}</ref> She study de prevalence of [[female genital mutilation]] insyd Ghana den Australia, wey she propose say solutions for focus on enhancing women's rights den autonomy den dey promote dema agency to address de practice, rather dan dey focus on de specific harm per.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Allotey|first1=Pascale|last2=Reidpath|first2=Daniel D|date=2005-12-01|title=Reproductive Rights Advocacy: Concentration of effort, dilution of intention|journal=Development|language=en|volume=48|issue=4|pages=69–74|doi=10.1057/palgrave.development.1100181|s2cid=83965916|issn=1461-7072}}</ref> She san work give de TDR from 2006, wen dem appoint am to de Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee, wey she since hold various oda technical advisory roles plus de WHO.<ref name=":22" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Pascale Allotey - International Institute for Global Health|url=https://iigh.unu.edu/about/the-team/pascale-allotey#overview|website=iigh.unu.edu|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-23}}</ref> Around dis time, Allotey move go de [[United Kingdom]] wey she join Brunel University London as Professor of Race, Diversity and Professional Practice. At Brunel, Allotey establish one of de UK ein first doctoral programmes insyd public health.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Brunel University offers unique Public Health Doctorate|url=http://healthcare-in-europe.com/en/news/brunel-university-offers-unique-public-health-doctorate.html|website=healthcare-in-europe.com|language=en|access-date=2020-05-23}}</ref> Insyd 2009 Allotey move go Monash University Malaysia as Professor of Public Health at de Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine. Ein research consider de relationships between gender, equity, human rights, marginalisation den global health, plus a focus on tropical health den non-communicable diseases.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Addressing gender, equity and marginalization in global health: moving from reductionism to complexity|url=https://globalhealth.usc.edu/2019/08/27/reductionism-to-complexity/|last=uscglobalhealth|date=2019-08-27|website=USC Institute on Inequalities in Global Health|language=en|access-date=2020-05-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Pascale Allotey|url=http://gheg-journal.co.uk/staff/pascale-allotey/|website=Global Health, Epidemiology and Genomics|language=en-GB|access-date=2020-05-23}}</ref> She investigate how gender dey enable de Sustainable Development Goals, den how to engage plus communities to co-produce research den influence policy related to dema health.<ref name=":22" /> Togeda plus Daniel Reidpath she found de South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), a health den demographic surveillance system wey dem establish insyd 2011.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|last1=Partap|first1=Uttara|last2=Young|first2=Elizabeth H|last3=Allotey|first3=Pascale|last4=Soyiri|first4=Ireneous N|last5=Jahan|first5=Nowrozy|last6=Komahan|first6=Kridaraan|last7=Devarajan|first7=Nirmala|last8=Sandhu|first8=Manjinder S|last9=Reidpath|first9=Daniel D|date=2017|title=HDSS Profile: The South East Asia Community Observatory Health and Demographic Surveillance System (SEACO HDSS)|url=https://archive.org/details/international-journal-of-epidemiology_2017-10_46_5/page/1370|journal=International Journal of Epidemiology|volume=46|issue=5|pages=1370–1371g|doi=10.1093/ije/dyx113|issn=0300-5771|pmc=5837190|pmid=29024948}}</ref> SEACO be supported by Monash University Malaysia, wey dem look to better understand how de rapidly changing population dey impact public health insyd Malaysia.<ref name=":3" /> Insyd 2016 Allotey be part of de team wey WHO TDR lead to launch an implementation research based massive open online course wich focus on de infectious diseases of poverty.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=TDR {{!}} Massive open online course (MOOC) on implementation research: infectious diseases of poverty|url=https://www.who.int/tdr/capacity/strengthening/mooc/en/|website=WHO|access-date=2020-05-23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=TDR {{!}} Malaysia using TDR implementation research training to improve health programmes|url=https://www.who.int/tdr/news/2018/malaysia-using-TDR-IR-training/en/|website=WHO|access-date=2020-05-23}}</ref> De course dey look to train public health researchers den disease control programme managers insyd how to improve health outcomes.<ref name=":4" /> Dem appoint Allotey to de Paris Institute for Advanced Study World Pandemic Research Network (WPRN) insyd May 2020.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Launching of World Pandemic Research Network (WPRN)|url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-05/idad-low050420.php|website=EurekAlert!|language=en|access-date=2020-05-23}}</ref> Dem establish de WRPN in response to de SARS-CoV-2 crisis, wey serve to collate research den resources on de societal impact of de COVID-19 pandemic.<ref name=":5" /> == Ein Selected publications == * {{Cite journal |last=Reidpath |first=D |last2=Allotey |first2=P |date=2003-05-01 |title=Infant mortality rate as an indicator of population health |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_british-journal-of-preventive-and-social-medicine_2003-05_57_5/page/344 |journal=Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health |publisher=BMJ Group |volume=57 |issue=5 |pages=344–6 |doi=10.1136/jech.57.5.344 |oclc=677482202 |pmc=1732453 |pmid=12700217}} * {{Cite journal |last=Reidpath |first=Daniel D. |last2=Chan |first2=Kit Y. |last3=Gifford |first3=Sandra M. |last4=Allotey |first4=Pascale |date=2005 |title='He hath the French pox': stigma, social value and social exclusion |url=https://archive.org/details/sociology-of-health-illness_2005-05_27_4/page/468 |journal=Sociology of Health & Illness |language=en |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=468–489 |doi=10.1111/j.1467-9566.2005.00452.x |hdl=10536/DRO/DU:30008821 |issn=1467-9566 |pmid=15998347 |hdl-access=free}} * {{Cite journal |last=Manderson |first=Lenore |last2=Allotey |first2=Pascale |date=2003-01-01 |title=Storytelling, marginality, and community in Australia: How immigrants position their difference in health care settings |url=https://archive.org/details/medical-anthropology_january-march-2003_22_1/page/1 |journal=Medical Anthropology |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=1–21 |doi=10.1080/01459740306767 |issn=0145-9740 |pmid=12641294 |s2cid=39802179}} == Ein Personal life == Allotey marry Daniel D. Reidpath, de Senior Director for Health Systems and Population Health at de International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh. == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q50419711|c=Category:Pascale Allotey|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Allotey, Pascale}} [[Category:Human]] [[Category:Ghanaians]] [[Category:21st-century Ghanaian scientists]] [[Category:21st-century Ghanaian women scientists]] [[Category:Public health researchers]] [[Category:University of Ghana alumni]] [[Category:University of Western Australia alumni]] [[Category:Academic staff of Monash University]] [[Category:Ghanaian emigrants to de United Kingdom]] [[Category:Ghanaian expatriates insyd Australia]] [[Category:Academic staff of de University of Queensland]] [[Category:Academics of Brunel University London]] [[Category:Ghanaian expatriates insyd Malaysia]] 6ooo6cxybvori9p00xh6chyucokwljx 0 26161 112327 110621 2026-09-24T16:56:13Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112327 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Childhood schizophrenia''' (dem sanso know as '''childhood-onset schizophrenia''' den '''very early-onset schizophrenia''') be similar in characteristics to [[schizophrenia]] wey dey develop at a later age, wey de major difference be an onset before de age of 13 years den a more challenging diagnosis.<ref name="DSM">{{Cite book |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5. |url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse |date=2013 |publisher=American Psychiatric Association |isbn=978-0-89042-554-1 |edition=5th |pages=[https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse/page/102 102]–103}}</ref> Schizophrenia be characterized by positive symptoms wey fi include hallucinations, delusions, den disorganized speech; negative symptoms, such as blunted affect, avolition, den apathy, den a number of cognitive impairments.<ref name="DSM5">{{Cite book |title=Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5. |url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse |date=2013 |publisher=[[American Psychiatric Association]] |isbn=978-0-89042-554-1 |edition=5th |pages=99–104}}</ref><ref name="Kendhari">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Kendhari J, Shankar R, Young-Walker L |date=July 2016 |title=A Review of Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia |journal=Focus |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=328–332 |doi=10.1176/appi.focus.20160007 |pmc=6526799 |pmid=31975813}}</ref><ref name="SSD-Vol2">{{Cite book |title=Handbook of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, Vol. II |url=https://archive.org/details/handbookofschizo0000unse |publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media]] |year=2011 |isbn=978-94-007-0830-3 |editor-last=Ritsner |editor-first=Michael S |location=Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York |pages=[https://archive.org/details/handbookofschizo0000unse/page/195 195]–205 |doi=10.1007/978-94-007-0831-0 |name-list-style=vanc}}</ref> [[Differential diagnosis]] often be problematic since several oda neurodevelopmental disorders, wey dey include [[Autism|autism spectrum disorder]], language disorder, den [[Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder|attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder]], sanso get signs den symptoms similar to childhood-onset schizophrenia.<ref name="Kendhari" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Stayer |first=CATHERINE |last2=Sporn |first2=ALEXANDRA |last3=Gogtay |first3=NITIN |last4=Tossell |first4=JULIA |last5=Lenane |first5=MARGE |last6=Gochman |first6=PETER |last7=Rapoport |first7=JUDITH L |date=2004-08-01 |title=Looking for Childhood Schizophrenia: Case Series of False Positives |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890856709613678 |journal=Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry |volume=43 |issue=8 |pages=1026–1029 |doi=10.1097/01.chi.0000127573.34038.e4 |issn=0890-8567 |pmid=15266198 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> De disorder be associated plus symptoms like auditory den visual hallucinations, delusional thoughts anaa feelings, den abnormal behavior, profoundly impacting de kiddie ein ability to function den sustain normal interpersonal relationships. Delusions often be vague den less developed dan those of adult-onset schizophrenia, wich dey feature more systematized delusions.<ref name="Bettes1987">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Bettes BA, Walker E |date=July 1987 |title=Positive and negative symptoms in psychotic and other psychiatrically disturbed children |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-child-psychology-and-psychiatry-and-allied-disciplines_1987-07_28_4/page/555 |journal=Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines |publisher=Wiley-Blackwell |volume=28 |issue=4 |pages=555–68 |doi=10.1111/j.1469-7610.1987.tb00223.x |pmid=3654807}}</ref> Among de psychotic symptoms seen insyd childhood schizophrenia, non-verbal auditory hallucinations be de most common den often sound like shots, knocks, den bangs. Oda symptoms fi include irritability, searching for imaginary objects, low performance, den a higher rate of tactile hallucinations dem compare to adult-onset schizophrenia. E typically dey present after de age of seven.<ref name="Baribeau">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Baribeau DA, Anagnostou E |date=December 2013 |title=A comparison of neuroimaging findings in childhood onset schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder: a review of the literature |journal=Frontiers in Psychiatry |volume=4 |page=175 |doi=10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00175 |pmc=3869044 |pmid=24391605 |doi-access=free}}</ref> About 50% of young kiddies dem diagnose plus schizophrenia experience severe neuropsychiatric symptoms.<ref name="lambert2001">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Lambert LT |date=April–June 2001 |title=Identification and management of schizophrenia in childhood |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-child-and-adolescent-psychiatric-nursing_april-june-2001_14_2/page/n28 |journal=Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=73–80 |doi=10.1111/j.1744-6171.2001.tb00295.x |pmid=11883626}}</ref> Studies demonstrate say diagnostic criteria be similar to those of adult-onset schizophrenia.<ref name="Nicolson1999">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Nicolson R, Rapoport JL |date=November 1999 |title=Childhood-onset schizophrenia: rare but worth studying |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_biological-psychiatry_1999-11-15_46_10/page/1418 |journal=Biological Psychiatry |publisher=Elsevier BV |volume=46 |issue=10 |pages=1418–28 |doi=10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00231-0 |pmid=10578456 |s2cid=45154449}}</ref><ref name="spencer1994">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Spencer EK, Campbell M |year=1994 |title=Children with schizophrenia: diagnosis, phenomenology, and pharmacotherapy |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_schizophrenia-bulletin_1994_20_4/page/713 |journal=Schizophrenia Bulletin |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=713–25 |doi=10.1093/schbul/20.4.713 |pmid=7701278 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Neither DSM-5 nor ICD-11 list "childhood schizophrenia" as a separate diagnosis. De diagnosis be based on a thorough history den psychiatric examination by a child psychiatrist, exclusion of medical causes of [[psychosis]] (often by extensive testing), observations by caregivers den schools, den, insyd sam cases (dey depend on age), self-reports from pediatric patients. == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Tiffin PA, Welsh P | title = Practitioner review: schizophrenia spectrum disorders and the at-risk mental state for psychosis in children and adolescents--evidence-based management approaches | journal = Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines | volume = 54 | issue = 11 | pages = 1155–75 | date = November 2013 | pmid = 24102356 | doi = 10.1111/jcpp.12136 | url = https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1480477 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Pediatric Schizophrenia}} [[Category:Schizophrenia]] [[Category:Mental disorders dem diagnose insyd kiddie time]] [[Category:Bloody Mary (folklore)]] 36vzhds5g2btovr5wi34gohqrk66vrs 0 26180 112387 96235 2026-09-24T18:31:28Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112387 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Disorganized schizophrenia''', be an obsolete subtype of [[schizophrenia]]. E no longer be diagnozed as a separate condition insyd DSM-5 den ICD-11, two diagnostic manuals dem publish insyd 2013 den 2022, respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Event Information - Overview |url=https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/members/devolved-nations/rcpsych-in-wales/upcoming-events/detail/2021/05/25/default-calendar/an-introduction-to-icd-11-on-demand-only |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210624140532/https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/members/devolved-nations/rcpsych-in-wales/upcoming-events/detail/2021/05/25/default-calendar/an-introduction-to-icd-11-on-demand-only |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=24 June 2021 |website=rcpsych.ac.uk [[Royal College of Psychiatrists]]}}</ref> Disorganized schizophrenia be classified up to ICD-10<ref name="Sartorius2">{{cite book |last1=Sartorius |first1=Norman |author-link=Norman Sartorius |url=https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/bluebook.pdf |title=The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines |last2=Henderson |first2=A.S. |last3=Strotzka |first3=H. |last4=Lipowski |first4=Z. |last5=Yu-cun |first5=Shen |last6=You-xin |first6=Xu |last7=Strömgren |first7=E. |last8=Glatzel |first8=J. |last9=Kühne |first9=G.-E. |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] |pages=76, 80–1 |display-authors=3 |access-date=23 June 2021 |via=who.int |last10=Misès |first10=R. |last11=Soldatos |first11=C.R. |last12=Pull |first12=C.B. |last13=Giel |first13=R. |last14=Jegede |first14=R. |last15=Malt |first15=U. |last16=Nadzharov |first16=R.A. |last17=Smulevitch |first17=A.B. |last18=Hagberg |first18=B. |last19=Perris |first19=C. |last20=Scharfetter |first20=C. |last21=Clare |first21=A. |last22=Cooper |first22=J.E. |last23=Corbett |first23=J.A. |last24=Griffith Edwards |first24=J. |last25=Gelder |first25=M. |last26=Goldberg |first26=D. |last27=Gossop |first27=M. |last28=Graham |first28=P. |last29=Kendell |first29=R.E. |last30=Marks |first30=I. |last31=Russell |first31=G. |last32=Rutter |first32=M. |last33=Shepherd |first33=M. |last34=West |first34=D.J. |last35=Wing |first35=J. |last36=Wing |first36=L. |last37=Neki |first37=J.S. |last38=Benson |first38=F. |last39=Cantwell |first39=D. |last40=Guze |first40=S. |last41=Helzer |first41=J. |last42=Holzman |first42=P. |last43=Kleinman |first43=A. |last44=Kupfer |first44=D.J. |last45=Mezzich |first45=J. |last46=Spitzer |first46=R. |last47=Lokar |first47=J. |agency=}}</ref> as a [[Mental disorder|mental]] den behavioural disorder,<ref name="Sartorius2" /> secof de classification be thought to be an extreme expression of de ''disorganization syndrome'' wey be hypothesized to be one aspect of a three-factor model of symptoms insyd schizophrenia,<ref>{{cite journal |author=Liddle PF |date=August 1987 |title=The symptoms of chronic schizophrenia. A re-examination of the positive-negative dichotomy |journal=Br J Psychiatry |volume=151 |issue=2 |pages=145–51 |doi=10.1192/bjp.151.2.145 |pmid=3690102 |s2cid=15270392}}</ref> de other factors be ''reality distortion'' (wey dey involve delusions den hallucinations) den ''psychomotor poverty'' (lack of speech, lack of spontaneous movement den various aspects of blunting of emotion). E be considered to have relatively poor [[prognosis]].<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=McGlashan TH, Fenton WS |year=1993 |title=Subtype progression and pathophysiologic deterioration in early schizophrenia |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_schizophrenia-bulletin_1993_19_1/page/71 |journal=Schizophr Bull |volume=19 |issue=1 |pages=71–84 |doi=10.1093/schbul/19.1.71 |pmid=8451614 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Mental and behavioural disorders|selected = schizophrenia}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Schizophrenia]] [[Category:Obsolete terms for mental disorders]] hhxsnher72bq1hlm4kwfo5y01ehf2i5 0 26400 112346 110651 2026-09-24T17:27:11Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112346 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} An '''arteriovenous malformation''' ('''AVM''') be an abnormal connection between arteries den veins, wey dey bypass de capillary system. Usually congenital, dis vascular anomaly widely be known secof ein occurrence insyd de central nervous system (usually as a cerebral AVM), buh fi appear anywer insyd de body. De symptoms of AVMs fi range from none at all to intense pain anaa bleeding, wey fi lead to oda serious medical problems.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs) {{!}} National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke |url=https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/arteriovenous-malformations-avms |access-date=2026-04-06 |website=www.ninds.nih.gov |language=en}}</ref> ==Diagnosis== AVMs be diagnosed primarily by de following imaging methods:<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mokin |first1=Maxim |title=Novel Multimodality Imaging Techniques for Diagnosis and Evaluation of Arteriovenous Malformations |journal=Neurologic Clinics |date=February 2014 |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=225–236 |doi=10.1016/j.ncl.2013.07.006 |pmid=24287392 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0733861913000893 |access-date=February 11, 2023|url-access=subscription }}</ref> * Computed tomography (CT) scan * Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan * Magnetic resonance angiography AVMs fi occur insyd various parts of de body: * brain (cerebral AV malformation) * spleen<ref name="pmid17145440">{{cite journal |last1=Agrawal |first1=Aditya |last2=Whitehouse |first2=Richard |last3=Johnson |first3=Robert W. |last4=Augustine |first4=Titus |title=Giant splenic artery aneurysm associated with arteriovenous malformation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-vascular-surgery_2006-12_44_6/page/1345 |journal=Journal of Vascular Surgery |volume=44 |issue=6 |pages=1345–9 |year=2006 |pmid=17145440 |doi=10.1016/j.jvs.2006.06.049 |doi-access=free }}</ref> * lung<ref name="pmid18294908">{{cite journal |last1=Chowdhury |first1=Ujjwal K. |last2=Kothari |first2=Shyam S. |last3=Bishnoi |first3=Arvind K. |last4=Gupta |first4=Ruchika |last5=Mittal |first5=Chander M. |last6=Reddy |first6=Srikrishna |title=Successful Lobectomy for Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation Causing Recurrent Massive Haemoptysis |journal=Heart, Lung and Circulation |volume=18 |issue=2 |pages=135–9 |year=2009 |pmid=18294908 |doi=10.1016/j.hlc.2007.11.142 }}</ref><ref name="dupeRef1">{{Cite journal|last1=Cusumano|first1=Lucas R.|last2=Duckwiler|first2=Gary R.|last3=Roberts|first3=Dustin G.|last4=McWilliams|first4=Justin P.|date=2019-08-30|title=Treatment of Recurrent Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations: Comparison of Proximal Versus Distal Embolization Technique|journal=CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology|volume=43|issue=1|pages=29–36|doi=10.1007/s00270-019-02328-0|issn=1432-086X|pmid=31471718|s2cid=201675132}}</ref> * kidney<ref name="pmid16794894">{{cite journal |last1=Barley |first1=Fay L. |last2=Kessel |first2=David |last3=Nicholson |first3=Tony |last4=Robertson |first4=Iain |title=Selective Embolization of Large Symptomatic Iatrogenic Renal Transplant Arteriovenous Fistula |journal=CardioVascular and Interventional Radiology |volume=29 |issue=6 |pages=1084–7 |year=2006 |pmid=16794894 |doi=10.1007/s00270-005-0265-z |s2cid=9335750 }}</ref> * spinal cord<ref name="pmid15730991">{{cite journal |last1=Kishi |first1=K |last2=Shirai |first2=S |last3=Sonomura |first3=T |last4=Sato |first4=M |title=Selective conformal radiotherapy for arteriovenous malformation involving the spinal cord |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_british-journal-of-radiology_2005-03_78_927/page/252 |journal=The British Journal of Radiology |volume=78 |issue=927 |pages=252–4 |year=2005 |pmid=15730991 |doi=10.1259/bjr/50653404 }}</ref> * liver<ref name="pmid7650340">{{cite journal |last1=Bauer |first1=Tilman |last2=Britton |first2=Peter |last3=Lomas |first3=David |last4=Wight |first4=Derek G.D. |last5=Friend |first5=Peter J. |last6=Alexander |first6=Graeme J.M. |title=Liver transplantation for hepatic arteriovenous malformation in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia |journal=Journal of Hepatology |volume=22 |issue=5 |pages=586–90 |year=1995 |pmid=7650340 |doi=10.1016/0168-8278(95)80455-2 }}</ref> * intercostal space<ref name="pmid17056881">{{cite journal |last1=Rivera |first1=Peter P. |last2=Kole |first2=Max K. |last3=Pelz |first3=David M. |last4=Gulka |first4=Irene B. |last5=McKenzie |first5=F. Neil |last6=Lownie |first6=Stephen P. |title=Congenital Intercostal Arteriovenous Malformation |journal=American Journal of Roentgenology |volume=187 |issue=5 |pages=W503–6 |year=2006 |pmid=17056881 |doi=10.2214/AJR.05.0367 }}</ref> * iris<ref name="pmid16534057">{{cite journal |last1=Shields |first1=Jerry A. |last2=Streicher |first2=Theodor F. E. |last3=Spirkova |first3=Jane H. J. |last4=Stubna |first4=Michal |last5=Shields |first5=Carol L. |title=Arteriovenous Malformation of the Iris in 14 Cases |journal=Archives of Ophthalmology |volume=124 |issue=3 |pages=370–5 |year=2006 |pmid=16534057 |doi=10.1001/archopht.124.3.370 |doi-access= }}</ref> * spermatic cord<ref name="pmid17939869">{{cite journal |last1=Sountoulides |first1=Petros |last2=Bantis |first2=Athanasios |last3=Asouhidou |first3=Irene |last4=Aggelonidou |first4=Hellen |title=Arteriovenous malformation of the spermatic cord as the cause of acute scrotal pain: a case report |journal=Journal of Medical Case Reports |volume=1 |article-number=110 |year=2007 |pmid=17939869 |pmc=2194703 |doi=10.1186/1752-1947-1-110 |doi-access=free }}</ref> * extremities – arm, shoulder, etc. ==Society den culture== === Notable cases === * Dem born actor Ricardo Montalbán plus spinal AVM.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x39-hR5rGlc "Ricardo Montalban tribute"] YouTube, acceptance speech video of Easter Seals Lifetime Achievement Award</ref> * Dem diagnose composer den lyricist William Finn plus AVM.<ref>{{cite news |last=Pall |first=Ellen |date=14 June 1998 |title=The Long-Running Musical of William Finn's Life |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/06/14/magazine/the-long-running-musical-of-william-finn-s-life.html |access-date=17 March 2018}}</ref> * Phoenix Suns NBA basketball point guard AJ Price nearly die from AVM insyd 2004 while a student at de University of Connecticut. * On December 13, 2006, dem diagnose US Senator Tim Johnson of South Dakota plus AVM wey dem treat am at George Washington University Hospital.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sen. Johnson recovering after brain surgery |agency=AP |date=December 14, 2006 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna16199440}}</ref> * Dem diagnose actor/comedian T. J. Miller plus AVM insyd 2010. * On August 3, 2011, Mike Patterson of de Philadelphia Eagles collapse on de field wey he get a seizure during a practice, wey lead am to being diagnosed plus AVM.<ref>{{cite web |date=2011-08-04 |title=Mike Patterson's Collapse Reportedly Related To Brain AVM |url=https://www.sbnation.com/2011/8/4/2343821/mike-patterson-collapse-eagles-practice |access-date=17 March 2018 |website=sbnation.com}}</ref> * Dem diagnose former Florida Gators den Oakland Raiders linebacker Neiron Ball plus AVM insyd 2011.<ref>{{cite news |date=September 26, 2018 |title=Neiron Ball, former Raiders LB, in medically induced coma after aneurysm |work=ESPN |url=https://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/24796861/neiron-ball-former-oakland-raiders-lb-medically-induced-coma-aneurysm}}</ref> * Indonesian actress Egidia Savitri die from complications of AVM on November 29, 2013.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Suhendra |first1=Ichsan |title=Pesinetron Egidia Savitri Telah Pergi |language=id |work=KOMPAS.com |agency=Kompas Cyber Media |url=https://entertainment.kompas.com/read/2013/11/29/1920142/Pesinetron.Egidia.Savitri.Telah.Pergi |access-date=15 May 2019}}</ref> * Jazz guitarist Pat Martino experience an AVM.<ref>Vida, Vendela. ''Confidence, or the Appearance of Confidence: The Best of the Believer Music Interviews''. No ed. San Francisco, CA: Believer, a Tiny Division of McSweeney's Which Is Also Tiny, 2014. Print.</ref> * Dem born YouTube vlogger Nikki Lilly (Nikki Christou), winner of de 2016 season of ''Junior Bake Off'' plus AVM, wich result in sam facial disfigurement.<ref>{{cite news|title = Junior Bake Off 2016 Winner announced|date = 25 November 2016|access-date = 9 April 2017|url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2016/junior-bake-off-winner|publisher = [[BBC Online]]|website = [[BBC Media Centre]]}}</ref> * Dem diagnose country music singer Drake White plus AVM insyd January 2019. * Singer-songwriter Dino Valenti (actual name Chester William Powers, Jr.) of de psychedelic rock band Quicksilver Messenger undergo brain surgery for AVM insyd de late 1980s. * Model Lucy Markovic die insyd April 2025 at age 27 shortly after undergoing surgery to treat AVM.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Holland |first=Oscar |date=2025-04-11 |title=Lucy Markovic, star of 'Australia's Next Top Model,' dies age 27 |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/04/11/style/lucy-markovic-australia-model-death-hnk-intl/index.html#openweb-convo |access-date=2025-04-12 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Arteriovenous Malformation}} [[Category:Angiogenesis]] [[Category:Congenital vascular defects]] [[Category:Gross pathology]] [[Category:RASopathies]] [[Category:Vascular anomalies]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 5c9lzdvzr7jsfu4wet74e0c1uuto9et 0 26431 112535 110952 2026-09-25T02:19:55Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112535 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Osteogenesis imperfecta''' (IPA: /ˌɒstioʊˈdʒɛnəsɪs ˌɪmpɜːrˈfɛktə/;<ref>{{Cite web |title=OSTEOGENESIS {{!}} Definition of OSTEOGENESIS by Oxford Dictionary on Lexico.com also meaning of OSTEOGENESIS |url=https://www.lexico.com/definition/osteogenesis |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210823232021/https://www.lexico.com/definition/osteogenesis |archive-date=2021-08-23 |access-date=2026-04-07 |website=Lexico Dictionaries {{!}} English |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Definition of OSTEOGENESIS |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/osteogenesis |access-date=2026-04-07 |website=www.merriam-webster.com |language=en}}</ref> '''OI'''), dem colloquially know as '''brittle bone disease''', be a group of genetic disorders wey all result in bones wey dey break easily.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Osteogenesis imperfecta : a translational approach to brittle bone disease {{!}} WorldCat.org |url=https://search.worldcat.org/title/876364090 |access-date=2026-04-07 |website=search.worldcat.org |language=en}}</ref>{{rp|85}}<ref name="GHR2016">{{Cite web|date=2020-08-18|title=Osteogenesis imperfecta|url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/osteogenesis-imperfecta|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829154516/https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/osteogenesis-imperfecta/|archive-date=29 August 2021|access-date=2021-08-15|website=Genetics Home Reference|publisher=[[U.S. National Library of Medicine]], [[National Institutes of Health]]}}</ref> De range of symptoms—on de skeleton as well as on de body ein oda organs—fi be mild to severe.<ref name="Rowe2008" />{{rp|1512}} Symptoms dem find insyd various types of OI dey include whites of de eye (sclerae) wey be blue instead, short stature, loose joints, hearing loss, breathing problems<ref name="NIH20152">{{Cite web |date=July 2019 |title=Osteogenesis Imperfecta Overview |url=https://www.bones.nih.gov/health-info/bone/osteogenesis-imperfecta/overview |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509104555/https://www.bones.nih.gov/health-info/bone/osteogenesis-imperfecta/overview |archive-date=2021-05-09 |access-date=2021-08-21 |website=National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases |publisher=[[National Institutes of Health]] |vauthors=Lee B, Krakow D}}</ref> den problems plus de teeth (dentinogenesis imperfecta).<ref name="Rowe2008">{{Cite book|title=Principles of bone biology|vauthors=Rowe DW|publisher=[[Elsevier]]|year=2008|isbn=978-0-12-373884-4|edition=3rd|location=Amsterdam|pages=1511–1531|chapter=Osteogenesis imperfecta|oclc=267135745|quote=Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) be most frequent insyd OI types III den IV, den overall, dey affect about 15% of OI patients among de different phenotypes.}}</ref> Potentially life-threatening [[Complication (medicine)|complications]], all of wich cam be more common insyd more severe OI, dey include: tearing (dissection) of de major arteries, such as [[Aortic dissection|de aorta]];<ref name="Shapiro20142">{{Cite book |title=Osteogenesis imperfecta: a translational approach to brittle bone disease |vauthors=Shapiro JR, Byers PH, Glorieux FH, Sponseller PD |publisher=[[Elsevier Inc.]] |year=2014 |isbn=978-0-12-397165-4 |edition=2nd |location=London |oclc=876364090}}</ref>{{rp|333}}<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = McNeeley MF, Dontchos BN, Laflamme MA, Hubka M, Sadro CT | title = Aortic dissection in osteogenesis imperfecta: case report and review of the literature | journal = Emergency Radiology | volume = 19 | issue = 6 | pages = 553–556 | date = December 2012 | pmid = 22527359 | doi = 10.1007/s10140-012-1044-1 | s2cid = 11109481 }}</ref> pulmonary valve insufficiency secondary to distortion of de ribcage;<ref name="Shapiro20142" />{{rp|335–341}}<ref name="LoMauro2012">{{cite journal | vauthors = LoMauro A, Pochintesta S, Romei M, D'Angelo MG, Pedotti A, Turconi AC, Aliverti A | title = Rib cage deformities alter respiratory muscle action and chest wall function in patients with severe osteogenesis imperfecta | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 7 | issue = 4 | article-number = e35965 | date = 2012-04-27 | pmid = 22558284 | pmc = 3338769 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0035965 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2012PLoSO...735965L }}</ref> den basilar invagination.<ref name="Wallace20172">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wallace MJ, Kruse RW, Shah SA |date=February 2017 |title=The Spine in Patients With Osteogenesis Imperfecta |journal=The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=100–109 |doi=10.5435/JAAOS-D-15-00169 |pmid=28009707}}</ref>{{rp|106–107}} De underlying mechanism usually be a problem plus connective tissue secof a lack of, anaa poorly formed, type I collagen.<ref name="Rowe2008" />{{rp|1513}} Insyd more dan 90% of cases, OI dey occur secof mutations insyd de ''COL1A1'' anaa ''COL1A2'' genes.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=grNNko25htwC|title=The Bone and Mineral Manual: A Practical Guide|vauthors=Shapiro JR, Sponseller PD|date=2005-08-23|publisher=Elsevier Inc.|isbn=978-0-08-047074-0|veditors=Kleerekoper M, Siris ES, McClung M|page=45|language=en|chapter=10—Osteogenesis Imperfecta|access-date=17 September 2021|archive-date=20 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920212532/https://books.google.com/books?id=grNNko25htwC&newbks=0|url-status=live}}</ref> Dese mutations fi be hereditary insyd an autosomal dominant manner buh sanso fi occur spontaneously (''de novo'').<ref name="GHR2016" /><ref name="Folkestad20162">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Folkestad L, Hald JD, Canudas-Romo V, Gram J, Hermann AP, Langdahl B, Abrahamsen B, Brixen K |date=December 2016 |title=Mortality and Causes of Death in Patients With Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Register-Based Nationwide Cohort Study |journal=Journal of Bone and Mineral Research |volume=31 |issue=12 |pages=2159–2166 |doi=10.1002/jbmr.2895 |pmid=27345018 |s2cid=32196304 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Der be four clinically defined types: type I, de least severe; type IV, moderately severe; type III, severe den progressively deforming; den type II, perinatally lethal.<ref name="GHR2016" /><!-- The types here are ordered by severity for ease of understanding and should not be ordered numerically in the lead, as the numbers they have are historical artifacts. --> As of September 2021, 19 different genes be known to cause de 21 documented genetically defined types of OI, chaw of wich be extremely rare wey dem be documented insyd a few individuals per.<ref name="Marom20202">{{cite journal |vauthors=Marom R, Rabenhorst BM, Morello R |date=October 2020 |title=Osteogenesis imperfecta: an update on clinical features and therapies |url=https://eje.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/eje/183/4/EJE-20-0299.xml |url-status=live |journal=European Journal of Endocrinology |volume=183 |issue=4 |pages=R95–R106 |doi=10.1530/EJE-20-0299 |pmc=7694877 |pmid=32621590 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817052953/https://eje.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/eje/183/4/EJE-20-0299.xml |archive-date=17 August 2021 |access-date=17 August 2021}}</ref><ref name="VanDijk20202">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=van Dijk FS, Semler O, Etich J, Köhler A, Jimenez-Estrada JA, Bravenboer N, Claeys L, Riesebos E, Gegic S, Piersma SR, Jimenez CR, Waisfisz Q, Flores CL, Nevado J, Harsevoort AJ, Janus GJ, Franken AA, van der Sar AM, Meijers-Heijboer H, Heath KE, Lapunzina P, Nikkels PG, Santen GW, Nüchel J, Plomann M, Wagener R, Rehberg M, Hoyer-Kuhn H, Eekhoff EM, Pals G, Mörgelin M, Newstead S, Wilson BT, Ruiz-Perez VL, Maugeri A, Netzer C, Zaucke F, Micha D |date=November 2020 |title=Interaction between KDELR2 and HSP47 as a Key Determinant in Osteogenesis Imperfecta Caused by Bi-allelic Variants in KDELR2 |journal=American Journal of Human Genetics |volume=107 |issue=5 |pages=989–999 |doi=10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.09.009 |hdl=1887/3185060 |pmc=7675035 |pmid=33053334}}</ref> Diagnosis often dey base on symptoms wey e fi be confirmed by collagen biopsy anaa DNA sequencing.<ref name="NIH2015">{{Cite web| vauthors=Lee B, Krakow D|date=July 2019|title=Osteogenesis Imperfecta Overview|url=https://www.bones.nih.gov/health-info/bone/osteogenesis-imperfecta/overview|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509104555/https://www.bones.nih.gov/health-info/bone/osteogenesis-imperfecta/overview|archive-date=2021-05-09|access-date=2021-08-21|website=National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases|publisher=[[National Institutes of Health]]}}</ref> Although der be no cure,<ref name="NIH2015" /> chaw cases of OI no get a major effect on life expectancy,<ref name="Shapiro20142" />{{rp|461}}<ref name="Folkestad20162" /> death during kiddie time from am be rare,<ref name="NIH2015" /> den chaw adults plus OI fi achieve a significant degree of autonomy despite disability. Dey maintain a healthy lifestyle by exercising, eating a balanced diet sufficient insyd vitamin D den calcium, den dey avoid smoking fi help prevent fractures.<ref>{{Cite web|date=November 2018|title=What People With Osteogenesis Imperfecta Need To Know About Osteoporosis|url=https://www.bones.nih.gov/health-info/bone/osteoporosis/conditions-behaviors/osteoporosis-oi|access-date=2021-09-18|website=Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases National Resource Center|publisher=National Institutes of Health|archive-date=18 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318041959/https://bones.nih.gov/health-info/bone/osteoporosis/conditions-behaviors/osteoporosis-oi}}</ref> Genetic counseling fi be sought by those plus OI to prevent dema kiddies from inheriting de disorder from dem.<ref name="Shapiro20142" />{{Rp|101}} Treatment fi include acute care of broken bones, pain medication, physical therapy, mobility aids such as leg braces den wheelchairs,<ref name="NIH2015" /> vitamin D supplementation, den, especially insyd kiddie time, rodding surgery.<ref name="Esposito20202">{{Citation |title=Osteogenesis Imperfecta Surgical Management of the Femur and Knee |vauthors=Esposito P, Wallace MJ |date=2020 |work=Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Case-Based Guide to Surgical Decision-Making and Care |pages=147–182 |veditors=Kruse RW |publisher=Springer International Publishing |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-42527-2_10 |isbn=978-3-030-42527-2 |s2cid=219515805}}</ref> Rodding be an implantation of metal intramedullary rods along de long bones (such as de femur) in an attempt to strengthen dem.<ref name="NIH2015" /> Medical research sanso dey support de use of medications of de bisphosphonate class, such as pamidronate, to increase bone density.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Harrington J, Sochett E, Howard A | title = Update on the evaluation and treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_pediatric-clinics-of-north-america_2014-12_61_6/page/1243 | journal = Pediatric Clinics of North America | volume = 61 | issue = 6 | pages = 1243–1257 | date = December 2014 | pmid = 25439022 | doi = 10.1016/j.pcl.2014.08.010 }}</ref> Bisphosphonates be especially effective at increasing bone density insyd kiddies;<ref name="Chevrel20062">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Chevrel G, Schott AM, Fontanges E, Charrin JE, Lina-Granade G, Duboeuf F, Garnero P, Arlot M, Raynal C, Meunier PJ |date=February 2006 |title=Effects of oral alendronate on BMD in adult patients with osteogenesis imperfecta: a 3-year randomized placebo-controlled trial |journal=Journal of Bone and Mineral Research |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=300–306 |doi=10.1359/JBMR.051015 |pmid=16418786 |s2cid=34089615 |doi-access=free}}</ref> however, e be unclear if dem either increase quality of life anaa decrease de rate of fracture incidence.<ref name="Phi2016">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dwan K, Phillipi CA, Steiner RD, Basel D | title = Bisphosphonate therapy for osteogenesis imperfecta | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2016 | article-number = CD005088 | date = October 2016 | issue = 10 | pmid = 27760454 | pmc = 6611487 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD005088.pub4 }}</ref> OI dey affect about one insyd 15,000 to 20,000 people per, wey dey make am a rare genetic disease.<ref name="Forlino20162">{{cite journal |vauthors=Forlino A, Marini JC |date=April 2016 |title=Osteogenesis imperfecta |journal=Lancet |volume=387 |issue=10028 |pages=1657–1671 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00728-X |pmc=7384887 |pmid=26542481}}</ref> Outcomes dey depend on de genetic cause of de disorder (ein type). Type I (de least severe) be de most common, plus oda types wey dey comprise a minority of cases.<ref name="Folkestad20162" /><ref name="Lindahl2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lindahl K, Åström E, Rubin CJ, Grigelioniene G, Malmgren B, Ljunggren Ö, Kindmark A | title = Genetic epidemiology, prevalence, and genotype-phenotype correlations in the Swedish population with osteogenesis imperfecta | journal = European Journal of Human Genetics | volume = 23 | issue = 8 | pages = 1042–1050 | date = August 2015 | pmid = 25944380 | pmc = 4795106 | doi = 10.1038/ejhg.2015.81 }}</ref> Moderate-to-severe OI primarily dey affect mobility; if dem perform rodding surgery during kiddies, sam of those plus more severe types of OI fi gain de ability to walk.<ref name="Rodriguez20202">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rodriguez Celin M, Kruger KM, Caudill A, Nagamani SC, Harris GF, Smith PA |date=2020-09-11 |title=A Multicenter Study of Intramedullary Rodding in Osteogenesis Imperfecta |journal=JB & JS Open Access |volume=5 |issue=3 |doi=10.2106/JBJS.OA.20.00031 |pmc=7489747 |pmid=32984750 |article-number=e20.00031}}</ref> De condition be described since ancient history.<ref name="Kel2012" /> Dem coin de Latinate term ''osteogenesis imperfecta'' by Dutch anatomist Willem Vrolik insyd 1849; dem translate literally, e dey mean "imperfect bone formation".<ref name="Kel2012">{{Cite book| vauthors = Kelly EB |title=Encyclopedia of Human Genetics and Disease|date=2012|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-313-38713-5|page=613|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gqMYt17klVIC&pg=PA613|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171105195021/https://books.google.com/books?id=gqMYt17klVIC&pg=PA613|archive-date=2017-11-05}}</ref><ref name="Dang20212">{{Cite book |url= |title=Cassidy and Allanson's Management of Genetic Syndromes |vauthors=Dang Do AN, Marini JC |date=2021-01-27 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-119-43267-8 |veditors=Carey JC, Cassidy SB, Battaglia A, Viskochil D |pages=683–705 |language=en |chapter=Osteogenesis imperfecta |access-date=29 August 2021 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B7cAEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA683 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829002647/https://books.google.com/books?id=B7cAEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA683&lpg=PA683 |archive-date=29 August 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>{{rp|683}} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{Cite web | url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171004203117/https://www.bones.nih.gov/health-info/bone/osteogenesis-imperfecta | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171004203117/https://web.archive.org/web/20171004203117/https://www.bones.nih.gov/health-info/bone/osteogenesis-imperfecta | archive-date = 4 October 2017 | title = Osteogenesis Imperfecta Overview | work = NIH Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases | date = 8 May 2023 | publisher = National Resource Center, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services }} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Osteogenesis Imperfecta}} [[Category:Abnormalities of dermal fibrous den elastic tissue]] [[Category:Collagen disease]] [[Category:Rare diseases]] [[Category:Skeletal disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ex1sf0gx4q0sjww2htswhrtxre8p1pg 0 26442 112426 110806 2026-09-24T20:27:06Z ~2026-51512-34 7981 /* */ 112426 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Self-harm''' is intentional behavior to cause harm to oneself. This most commonly regarded as direct injury of ones own tissues, with or without suicidal intention.<ref name=Gindhu05>{{cite journal |vauthors=Laye-Gindhu A, Schonert-Reichl KA |title=Nonsuicidal Self-Harm Among Community Adolescents: Understanding the 'Whats' and 'Whys' of Self-Harm |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-youth-and-adolescence_2005-10_34_5/page/447 |journal=Journal of Youth and Adolescence |volume=34 |year=2005 |pages=447–457 |issue=5 |s2cid=145689088 |doi=10.1007/s10964-005-7262-z}}</ref><ref name="Klonsky07">{{cite journal |vauthors=Klonsky ED |title=The functions of deliberate self-injury: a review of the evidence |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-psychology-review_2007-03_27_2/page/226 |journal=Clinical Psychology Review |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=226–239 |date=March 2007a |s2cid=1321836 |doi=10.1016/j.cpr.2006.08.002 |pmid=17014942}}</ref><ref name="Muehlenkamp05">{{cite journal |vauthors=Muehlenkamp JJ |title=Self-injurious behavior as a separate clinical syndrome |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-orthopsychiatry_2005-04_75_2/page/324 |journal=The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry |volume=75 |issue=2 |pages=324–333 |date=April 2005 |doi=10.1037/0002-9432.75.2.324 |pmid=15839768}}</ref> Some terms that are used are '''cutting''', '''self-abuse''', '''self-injury''', and '''self-mutilation.''' Conmon forms of self-harm include damaging the skin using a sharp object, scratching with your fingernails, hitting, and burning. De exact bounds of ''self-harm'' be imprecise, buh generally dey exclude tissue damage wey dey occur as an unintended side-effect of [[eating disorder]]s anaa [[substance abuse]], as well as more societally acceptable body modification, such as tattoos den piercings.<ref>{{harvnb|Klonsky|2007b|p=1040}}: "[B]ehaviors associated with substance and eating disorders—such as alcohol abuse, binging, and purging—are usually not considered self-injury because the resulting tissue damage is ordinarily an unintentional side effect. In addition, body piercings and tattoos are typically not considered self-injury because they are socially sanctioned forms of cultural or artistic expression. However, the boundaries are not always clear-cut. In some cases behaviors that usually fall outside the boundaries of self-injury may indeed represent self-injury if performed with explicit intent to cause tissue damage."</ref> Although self-harm be by definition non-suicidal, e still fi be life-threatening.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Farber SK, Jackson CC, Tabin JK, Bachar E |title=Death and annihilation anxieties in anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and self-mutilation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychoanalytic-psychology_2007-04_24_2/page/289 |journal=Psychoanalytic Psychology |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=289–305 |year=2007 |doi=10.1037/0736-9735.24.2.289}}</ref> People wey dey do self-harm be more likely to die by suicide,<ref name="Muehlenkamp05"/><ref name="Skegg05">{{cite journal |vauthors=Skegg K |title=Self-harm |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_october-22-28-2005_366_9495/page/1471 |journal=Lancet |volume=366 |issue=9495 |pages=1471–1483 |year=2005 |s2cid=208794175 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67600-3 |pmid=16243093}}</ref> wey na 40–60% of people wey die by suicide previously self-harm.<ref name="Hawton_BMJ_03">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hawton K, Zahl D, Weatherall R |title=Suicide following deliberate self-harm: long-term follow-up of patients who presented to a general hospital |journal=The British Journal of Psychiatry |volume=182 |issue=6 |pages=537–542 |date=June 2003 |doi=10.1192/bjp.182.6.537 |doi-access=free |pmid=12777346}}</ref> Still, a minority per of those wey self-harm be suicidal.<ref name="fox_hawton">{{cite book |vauthors=Fox C, Hawton K |title=Deliberate Self-Harm in Adolescence |place=London |publisher=Jessica Kingsley |isbn=978-1-84310-237-3 |year=2004}}</ref><ref name="Suyemoto98">{{cite journal |vauthors=Suyemoto KL |title=The functions of self-mutilation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-psychology-review_1998-08_18_5/page/531 |journal=Clinical Psychology Review |volume=18 |issue=5 |pages=531–554 |date=August 1998 |s2cid=15468889 |doi=10.1016/S0272-7358(97)00105-0 |pmid=9740977}}</ref> De desire to self-harm be a common symptom of sam [[personality disorder]]s. People plus oda [[mental disorder]]s sanso fi self-harm. Studies sanso dey provide strong support for a self-punishment function, den modest evidence for anti-dissociation, interpersonal-influence, anti-suicide, sensation-seeking, den interpersonal boundaries functions.<ref name="Klonsky07" /> Self-harm sanso fi occur in high-functioning individuals wey get no underlying mental health diagnosis. De motivations for self-harm dey vary; sam dey use am as a coping mechanism to provide temporary relief of intense feelings such as anxiety, [[depression (mood)|depression]], [[psychological stress|stress]], emotional numbness, anaa a sense of failure. Self-harm often be associated plus a history of trauma, wey dey include emotional den sexual abuse.<ref name="meltzer">{{cite book |vauthors=Meltzer H, Lader D, Corbin T, Singleton N, Jenkins R, Brugha T |year=2000 |title=Non Fatal Suicidal Behaviour Among Adults aged 16 to 74 |place=Great Britain |publisher=[[Office of Public Sector Information|The Stationery Office]] |isbn=978-0-11-621548-2 |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/psychiatric-morbidity/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour-among-adults/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour-among-adults-aged-16-74-in-great-britain/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour---among-adults-aged-16-74-in-great-britain.pdf |archive-date=2016-01-05 |access-date=2023-08-27 |archive-url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/psychiatric-morbidity/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour-among-adults/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour-among-adults-aged-16-74-in-great-britain/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour---among-adults-aged-16-74-in-great-britain.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="rea">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rea K, Aiken F, Borastero C |title=Building therapeutic staff: client relationships with women who self-harm |journal=Women's Health Issues |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=121–125 |year=1997 |doi=10.1016/S1049-3867(96)00112-0 |pmid=9071885}}</ref> Der be a number of different methods wey fi be used to treat self-harm, wich concentrate on either treating de underlying causes, anaa on treating de behavior einself. Oda approaches dey involve avoidance techniques, wich focus on keeping de individual occupied plus oda activities, anaa replacing de act of self-harm plus safer methods wey no dey lead to permanent damage.<ref name="Klonsky08">{{cite journal |vauthors=Klonsky ED, Glenn CR |title=Resisting Urges to Self-Injure |journal=Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=211–220 |date=March 2008 |pmc=5841247 |doi=10.1017/S1352465808004128 |pmid=29527120}}</ref> Self-harm dey tend to begin insyd adolescence. Self-harm insyd kiddie time be relatively rare, buh na de rate dey increase since de 1980s.<ref name="ThomasHardy1997">{{cite book |vauthors=Thomas B, Hardy S, Cutting P |title=Stuart and Sundeen's mental health nursing: principles and practice |year=1997 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-7234-2590-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/stuartsundeensme0000unse/page/343 343] |url=https://archive.org/details/stuartsundeensme0000unse/page/343}}</ref> Self-harm sanso fi occur insyd de elderly population.<ref name=Pierce87>{{cite journal |vauthors=Pierce D |title=Deliberate self-harm in the elderly |journal=International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry |volume=2 |pages=105–110 |year=1987 |issue=2 |s2cid=145408278 |doi=10.1002/gps.930020208}}</ref> De risk of serious injury den suicide be higher insyd older people wey self-harm.<ref name=NICE04>{{cite book |author=National Institute for Clinical Excellence |title=National Clinical Practice Guideline Number 16: Self-harm |publisher=The British Psychological Society |year=2004 |url=http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/CG16FullGuideline.pdf |access-date=2009-12-13}}</ref> Captive animals, such as birds den monkeys, sanso be known to harm demaselves.<ref name=Jones07>{{cite journal |vauthors=Jones IH, Barraclough BM |title=Auto-mutilation in animals and its relevance to self-injury in man |journal=Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=40–47 |date=July 1978 |s2cid=24737213 |doi=10.1111/j.1600-0447.1978.tb06918.x |pmid=99981}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==External links== <!-- Please do not add links to self-help or support group sites to this list. Please discuss on the article talk page if you are considering adding new links to this list. --> {{sister project links||d=Q622527|c=Category:Self harm|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=Self harm|species=no}} * [https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/problems-disorders/self-harm Information about self-harm] from the Royal College of Psychiatrists {{Authority control}} [[Category:Self-harm| ]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] l4u2gfkn9c8tk7fxxvktzzx9slhzxvm 112430 112426 2026-09-24T23:11:52Z DaSupremo 9 Reverted edit by [[Special:Contributions/~2026-51512-34|~2026-51512-34]] ([[User talk:~2026-51512-34|talk]]) to last revision by [[User:InternetArchiveBot|InternetArchiveBot]] 110806 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Self-harm''' be intentional behavior wey dey cause harm to oneself. Dis be most commonly regarded as direct injury of one ein own tissues, usually widout suicidal intention.<ref name=Gindhu05>{{cite journal |vauthors=Laye-Gindhu A, Schonert-Reichl KA |title=Nonsuicidal Self-Harm Among Community Adolescents: Understanding the 'Whats' and 'Whys' of Self-Harm |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-youth-and-adolescence_2005-10_34_5/page/447 |journal=Journal of Youth and Adolescence |volume=34 |year=2005 |pages=447–457 |issue=5 |s2cid=145689088 |doi=10.1007/s10964-005-7262-z}}</ref><ref name="Klonsky07">{{cite journal |vauthors=Klonsky ED |title=The functions of deliberate self-injury: a review of the evidence |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-psychology-review_2007-03_27_2/page/226 |journal=Clinical Psychology Review |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=226–239 |date=March 2007a |s2cid=1321836 |doi=10.1016/j.cpr.2006.08.002 |pmid=17014942}}</ref><ref name="Muehlenkamp05">{{cite journal |vauthors=Muehlenkamp JJ |title=Self-injurious behavior as a separate clinical syndrome |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-orthopsychiatry_2005-04_75_2/page/324 |journal=The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry |volume=75 |issue=2 |pages=324–333 |date=April 2005 |doi=10.1037/0002-9432.75.2.324 |pmid=15839768}}</ref> Oda terms dem dey use such as '''cutting''', '''self-abuse''', '''self-injury''', den '''self-mutilation''' for any self-harming behavior regardless of [[Suicide|suicidal]] intent.<ref name="Klonsky07"/><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Groschwitz RC, Plener P |title=The Neurobiology of Non-suicidal Self-injury (NSSI): A review |journal=Suicidology Online |volume=3 |pages=24–32 |url=http://www.suicidology-online.com/pdf/SOL-2012-3-24-32.pdf |access-date=2018-03-07}}</ref> Common forms of self-harm dey include damaging de skin plus a sharp object anaa scratching plus de fingernails, hitting, anaa burning. De exact bounds of ''self-harm'' be imprecise, buh generally dey exclude tissue damage wey dey occur as an unintended side-effect of [[eating disorder]]s anaa [[substance abuse]], as well as more societally acceptable body modification, such as tattoos den piercings.<ref>{{harvnb|Klonsky|2007b|p=1040}}: "[B]ehaviors associated with substance and eating disorders—such as alcohol abuse, binging, and purging—are usually not considered self-injury because the resulting tissue damage is ordinarily an unintentional side effect. In addition, body piercings and tattoos are typically not considered self-injury because they are socially sanctioned forms of cultural or artistic expression. However, the boundaries are not always clear-cut. In some cases behaviors that usually fall outside the boundaries of self-injury may indeed represent self-injury if performed with explicit intent to cause tissue damage."</ref> Although self-harm be by definition non-suicidal, e still fi be life-threatening.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Farber SK, Jackson CC, Tabin JK, Bachar E |title=Death and annihilation anxieties in anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and self-mutilation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychoanalytic-psychology_2007-04_24_2/page/289 |journal=Psychoanalytic Psychology |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=289–305 |year=2007 |doi=10.1037/0736-9735.24.2.289}}</ref> People wey dey do self-harm be more likely to die by suicide,<ref name="Muehlenkamp05"/><ref name="Skegg05">{{cite journal |vauthors=Skegg K |title=Self-harm |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_october-22-28-2005_366_9495/page/1471 |journal=Lancet |volume=366 |issue=9495 |pages=1471–1483 |year=2005 |s2cid=208794175 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67600-3 |pmid=16243093}}</ref> wey na 40–60% of people wey die by suicide previously self-harm.<ref name="Hawton_BMJ_03">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hawton K, Zahl D, Weatherall R |title=Suicide following deliberate self-harm: long-term follow-up of patients who presented to a general hospital |journal=The British Journal of Psychiatry |volume=182 |issue=6 |pages=537–542 |date=June 2003 |doi=10.1192/bjp.182.6.537 |doi-access=free |pmid=12777346}}</ref> Still, a minority per of those wey self-harm be suicidal.<ref name="fox_hawton">{{cite book |vauthors=Fox C, Hawton K |title=Deliberate Self-Harm in Adolescence |place=London |publisher=Jessica Kingsley |isbn=978-1-84310-237-3 |year=2004}}</ref><ref name="Suyemoto98">{{cite journal |vauthors=Suyemoto KL |title=The functions of self-mutilation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-psychology-review_1998-08_18_5/page/531 |journal=Clinical Psychology Review |volume=18 |issue=5 |pages=531–554 |date=August 1998 |s2cid=15468889 |doi=10.1016/S0272-7358(97)00105-0 |pmid=9740977}}</ref> De desire to self-harm be a common symptom of sam [[personality disorder]]s. People plus oda [[mental disorder]]s sanso fi self-harm. Studies sanso dey provide strong support for a self-punishment function, den modest evidence for anti-dissociation, interpersonal-influence, anti-suicide, sensation-seeking, den interpersonal boundaries functions.<ref name="Klonsky07" /> Self-harm sanso fi occur in high-functioning individuals wey get no underlying mental health diagnosis. De motivations for self-harm dey vary; sam dey use am as a coping mechanism to provide temporary relief of intense feelings such as anxiety, [[depression (mood)|depression]], [[psychological stress|stress]], emotional numbness, anaa a sense of failure. Self-harm often be associated plus a history of trauma, wey dey include emotional den sexual abuse.<ref name="meltzer">{{cite book |vauthors=Meltzer H, Lader D, Corbin T, Singleton N, Jenkins R, Brugha T |year=2000 |title=Non Fatal Suicidal Behaviour Among Adults aged 16 to 74 |place=Great Britain |publisher=[[Office of Public Sector Information|The Stationery Office]] |isbn=978-0-11-621548-2 |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/psychiatric-morbidity/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour-among-adults/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour-among-adults-aged-16-74-in-great-britain/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour---among-adults-aged-16-74-in-great-britain.pdf |archive-date=2016-01-05 |access-date=2023-08-27 |archive-url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/psychiatric-morbidity/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour-among-adults/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour-among-adults-aged-16-74-in-great-britain/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour---among-adults-aged-16-74-in-great-britain.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="rea">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rea K, Aiken F, Borastero C |title=Building therapeutic staff: client relationships with women who self-harm |journal=Women's Health Issues |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=121–125 |year=1997 |doi=10.1016/S1049-3867(96)00112-0 |pmid=9071885}}</ref> Der be a number of different methods wey fi be used to treat self-harm, wich concentrate on either treating de underlying causes, anaa on treating de behavior einself. Oda approaches dey involve avoidance techniques, wich focus on keeping de individual occupied plus oda activities, anaa replacing de act of self-harm plus safer methods wey no dey lead to permanent damage.<ref name="Klonsky08">{{cite journal |vauthors=Klonsky ED, Glenn CR |title=Resisting Urges to Self-Injure |journal=Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=211–220 |date=March 2008 |pmc=5841247 |doi=10.1017/S1352465808004128 |pmid=29527120}}</ref> Self-harm dey tend to begin insyd adolescence. Self-harm insyd kiddie time be relatively rare, buh na de rate dey increase since de 1980s.<ref name="ThomasHardy1997">{{cite book |vauthors=Thomas B, Hardy S, Cutting P |title=Stuart and Sundeen's mental health nursing: principles and practice |year=1997 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-7234-2590-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/stuartsundeensme0000unse/page/343 343] |url=https://archive.org/details/stuartsundeensme0000unse/page/343}}</ref> Self-harm sanso fi occur insyd de elderly population.<ref name=Pierce87>{{cite journal |vauthors=Pierce D |title=Deliberate self-harm in the elderly |journal=International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry |volume=2 |pages=105–110 |year=1987 |issue=2 |s2cid=145408278 |doi=10.1002/gps.930020208}}</ref> De risk of serious injury den suicide be higher insyd older people wey self-harm.<ref name=NICE04>{{cite book |author=National Institute for Clinical Excellence |title=National Clinical Practice Guideline Number 16: Self-harm |publisher=The British Psychological Society |year=2004 |url=http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/CG16FullGuideline.pdf |access-date=2009-12-13}}</ref> Captive animals, such as birds den monkeys, sanso be known to harm demaselves.<ref name=Jones07>{{cite journal |vauthors=Jones IH, Barraclough BM |title=Auto-mutilation in animals and its relevance to self-injury in man |journal=Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=40–47 |date=July 1978 |s2cid=24737213 |doi=10.1111/j.1600-0447.1978.tb06918.x |pmid=99981}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==External links== <!-- Please do not add links to self-help or support group sites to this list. Please discuss on the article talk page if you are considering adding new links to this list. --> {{sister project links||d=Q622527|c=Category:Self harm|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=Self harm|species=no}} * [https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/problems-disorders/self-harm Information about self-harm] from the Royal College of Psychiatrists {{Authority control}} [[Category:Self-harm| ]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] q06aziwuqmhj9q1ozeeyfqlefvz4n06 112431 112430 2026-09-24T23:13:54Z DaSupremo 9 Protected "[[Self-harm]]": Excessive vandalism ([Edit=Allow only autoconfirmed users] (indefinite) [Move am=Allow only autoconfirmed users] (indefinite)) 110806 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Self-harm''' be intentional behavior wey dey cause harm to oneself. Dis be most commonly regarded as direct injury of one ein own tissues, usually widout suicidal intention.<ref name=Gindhu05>{{cite journal |vauthors=Laye-Gindhu A, Schonert-Reichl KA |title=Nonsuicidal Self-Harm Among Community Adolescents: Understanding the 'Whats' and 'Whys' of Self-Harm |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-youth-and-adolescence_2005-10_34_5/page/447 |journal=Journal of Youth and Adolescence |volume=34 |year=2005 |pages=447–457 |issue=5 |s2cid=145689088 |doi=10.1007/s10964-005-7262-z}}</ref><ref name="Klonsky07">{{cite journal |vauthors=Klonsky ED |title=The functions of deliberate self-injury: a review of the evidence |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-psychology-review_2007-03_27_2/page/226 |journal=Clinical Psychology Review |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=226–239 |date=March 2007a |s2cid=1321836 |doi=10.1016/j.cpr.2006.08.002 |pmid=17014942}}</ref><ref name="Muehlenkamp05">{{cite journal |vauthors=Muehlenkamp JJ |title=Self-injurious behavior as a separate clinical syndrome |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-orthopsychiatry_2005-04_75_2/page/324 |journal=The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry |volume=75 |issue=2 |pages=324–333 |date=April 2005 |doi=10.1037/0002-9432.75.2.324 |pmid=15839768}}</ref> Oda terms dem dey use such as '''cutting''', '''self-abuse''', '''self-injury''', den '''self-mutilation''' for any self-harming behavior regardless of [[Suicide|suicidal]] intent.<ref name="Klonsky07"/><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Groschwitz RC, Plener P |title=The Neurobiology of Non-suicidal Self-injury (NSSI): A review |journal=Suicidology Online |volume=3 |pages=24–32 |url=http://www.suicidology-online.com/pdf/SOL-2012-3-24-32.pdf |access-date=2018-03-07}}</ref> Common forms of self-harm dey include damaging de skin plus a sharp object anaa scratching plus de fingernails, hitting, anaa burning. De exact bounds of ''self-harm'' be imprecise, buh generally dey exclude tissue damage wey dey occur as an unintended side-effect of [[eating disorder]]s anaa [[substance abuse]], as well as more societally acceptable body modification, such as tattoos den piercings.<ref>{{harvnb|Klonsky|2007b|p=1040}}: "[B]ehaviors associated with substance and eating disorders—such as alcohol abuse, binging, and purging—are usually not considered self-injury because the resulting tissue damage is ordinarily an unintentional side effect. In addition, body piercings and tattoos are typically not considered self-injury because they are socially sanctioned forms of cultural or artistic expression. However, the boundaries are not always clear-cut. In some cases behaviors that usually fall outside the boundaries of self-injury may indeed represent self-injury if performed with explicit intent to cause tissue damage."</ref> Although self-harm be by definition non-suicidal, e still fi be life-threatening.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Farber SK, Jackson CC, Tabin JK, Bachar E |title=Death and annihilation anxieties in anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and self-mutilation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_psychoanalytic-psychology_2007-04_24_2/page/289 |journal=Psychoanalytic Psychology |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=289–305 |year=2007 |doi=10.1037/0736-9735.24.2.289}}</ref> People wey dey do self-harm be more likely to die by suicide,<ref name="Muehlenkamp05"/><ref name="Skegg05">{{cite journal |vauthors=Skegg K |title=Self-harm |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_october-22-28-2005_366_9495/page/1471 |journal=Lancet |volume=366 |issue=9495 |pages=1471–1483 |year=2005 |s2cid=208794175 |doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67600-3 |pmid=16243093}}</ref> wey na 40–60% of people wey die by suicide previously self-harm.<ref name="Hawton_BMJ_03">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hawton K, Zahl D, Weatherall R |title=Suicide following deliberate self-harm: long-term follow-up of patients who presented to a general hospital |journal=The British Journal of Psychiatry |volume=182 |issue=6 |pages=537–542 |date=June 2003 |doi=10.1192/bjp.182.6.537 |doi-access=free |pmid=12777346}}</ref> Still, a minority per of those wey self-harm be suicidal.<ref name="fox_hawton">{{cite book |vauthors=Fox C, Hawton K |title=Deliberate Self-Harm in Adolescence |place=London |publisher=Jessica Kingsley |isbn=978-1-84310-237-3 |year=2004}}</ref><ref name="Suyemoto98">{{cite journal |vauthors=Suyemoto KL |title=The functions of self-mutilation |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-psychology-review_1998-08_18_5/page/531 |journal=Clinical Psychology Review |volume=18 |issue=5 |pages=531–554 |date=August 1998 |s2cid=15468889 |doi=10.1016/S0272-7358(97)00105-0 |pmid=9740977}}</ref> De desire to self-harm be a common symptom of sam [[personality disorder]]s. People plus oda [[mental disorder]]s sanso fi self-harm. Studies sanso dey provide strong support for a self-punishment function, den modest evidence for anti-dissociation, interpersonal-influence, anti-suicide, sensation-seeking, den interpersonal boundaries functions.<ref name="Klonsky07" /> Self-harm sanso fi occur in high-functioning individuals wey get no underlying mental health diagnosis. De motivations for self-harm dey vary; sam dey use am as a coping mechanism to provide temporary relief of intense feelings such as anxiety, [[depression (mood)|depression]], [[psychological stress|stress]], emotional numbness, anaa a sense of failure. Self-harm often be associated plus a history of trauma, wey dey include emotional den sexual abuse.<ref name="meltzer">{{cite book |vauthors=Meltzer H, Lader D, Corbin T, Singleton N, Jenkins R, Brugha T |year=2000 |title=Non Fatal Suicidal Behaviour Among Adults aged 16 to 74 |place=Great Britain |publisher=[[Office of Public Sector Information|The Stationery Office]] |isbn=978-0-11-621548-2 |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/psychiatric-morbidity/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour-among-adults/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour-among-adults-aged-16-74-in-great-britain/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour---among-adults-aged-16-74-in-great-britain.pdf |archive-date=2016-01-05 |access-date=2023-08-27 |archive-url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/psychiatric-morbidity/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour-among-adults/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour-among-adults-aged-16-74-in-great-britain/non-fatal-suicidal-behaviour---among-adults-aged-16-74-in-great-britain.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="rea">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rea K, Aiken F, Borastero C |title=Building therapeutic staff: client relationships with women who self-harm |journal=Women's Health Issues |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=121–125 |year=1997 |doi=10.1016/S1049-3867(96)00112-0 |pmid=9071885}}</ref> Der be a number of different methods wey fi be used to treat self-harm, wich concentrate on either treating de underlying causes, anaa on treating de behavior einself. Oda approaches dey involve avoidance techniques, wich focus on keeping de individual occupied plus oda activities, anaa replacing de act of self-harm plus safer methods wey no dey lead to permanent damage.<ref name="Klonsky08">{{cite journal |vauthors=Klonsky ED, Glenn CR |title=Resisting Urges to Self-Injure |journal=Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=211–220 |date=March 2008 |pmc=5841247 |doi=10.1017/S1352465808004128 |pmid=29527120}}</ref> Self-harm dey tend to begin insyd adolescence. Self-harm insyd kiddie time be relatively rare, buh na de rate dey increase since de 1980s.<ref name="ThomasHardy1997">{{cite book |vauthors=Thomas B, Hardy S, Cutting P |title=Stuart and Sundeen's mental health nursing: principles and practice |year=1997 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-7234-2590-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/stuartsundeensme0000unse/page/343 343] |url=https://archive.org/details/stuartsundeensme0000unse/page/343}}</ref> Self-harm sanso fi occur insyd de elderly population.<ref name=Pierce87>{{cite journal |vauthors=Pierce D |title=Deliberate self-harm in the elderly |journal=International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry |volume=2 |pages=105–110 |year=1987 |issue=2 |s2cid=145408278 |doi=10.1002/gps.930020208}}</ref> De risk of serious injury den suicide be higher insyd older people wey self-harm.<ref name=NICE04>{{cite book |author=National Institute for Clinical Excellence |title=National Clinical Practice Guideline Number 16: Self-harm |publisher=The British Psychological Society |year=2004 |url=http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/CG16FullGuideline.pdf |access-date=2009-12-13}}</ref> Captive animals, such as birds den monkeys, sanso be known to harm demaselves.<ref name=Jones07>{{cite journal |vauthors=Jones IH, Barraclough BM |title=Auto-mutilation in animals and its relevance to self-injury in man |journal=Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=40–47 |date=July 1978 |s2cid=24737213 |doi=10.1111/j.1600-0447.1978.tb06918.x |pmid=99981}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==External links== <!-- Please do not add links to self-help or support group sites to this list. Please discuss on the article talk page if you are considering adding new links to this list. --> {{sister project links||d=Q622527|c=Category:Self harm|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=Self harm|species=no}} * [https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/problems-disorders/self-harm Information about self-harm] from the Royal College of Psychiatrists {{Authority control}} [[Category:Self-harm| ]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] q06aziwuqmhj9q1ozeeyfqlefvz4n06 0 26457 112562 96831 2026-09-25T02:51:31Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112562 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Stevens–Johnson syndrome''' ('''SJS''') be a type of severe skin reaction.<ref name=GHR2015>{{cite web|title=Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis|url=https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/stevens-johnson-syndrome-toxic-epidermal-necrolysis/|website=Genetics Home Reference|access-date=April 26, 2017|language=en|date=July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427085130/https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/stevens-johnson-syndrome-toxic-epidermal-necrolysis|archive-date=April 27, 2017}}</ref> Togeda plus toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) den [[#Classification|Stevens–Johnson/toxic epidermal necrolysis]] (SJS/TEN) overlap, dem be considered febrile mucocutaneous drug reactions den probably part of de same spectrum of disease, wey SJS be less severe.<ref name=GHR2015/><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Creamer |first1=D. |last2=Walsh |first2=S.A. |last3=Dziewulski |first3=P. |last4=Exton |first4=L.S. |last5=Lee |first5=H.Y. |last6=Dart |first6=J.K.G. |last7=Setterfield |first7=J. |last8=Bunker |first8=C.B. |last9=Ardern-Jones |first9=M.R. |last10=Watson |first10=K.M.T. |last11=Wong |first11=G.A.E. |last12=Philippidou |first12=M. |last13=Vercueil |first13=A. |last14=Martin |first14=R.V. |last15=Williams |first15=G. |date=June 2016 |title=U.K. guidelines for the management of Stevens–Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in adults 2016 |url=https://academic.oup.com/bjd/article/174/6/1194/6617016 |journal=British Journal of Dermatology |language=en |volume=174 |issue=6 |pages=1194–1227 |doi=10.1111/bjd.14530 |pmid=27317286 |issn=0007-0963}}</ref><ref name="Orph20082">{{cite web |date=November 2008 |title=Orphanet: Toxic epidermal necrolysis |url=http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=95455 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427102637/http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=95455 |archive-date=April 27, 2017 |access-date=April 26, 2017 |website=Orphanet |language=en}}</ref> Erythema multiforme (EM) generally be considered a separate condition.<ref name=Sch2013>{{cite journal|last1=Schwartz|first1=RA|last2=McDonough|first2=PH|last3=Lee|first3=BW|title=Toxic epidermal necrolysis: Part I. Introduction, history, classification, clinical features, systemic manifestations, etiology, and immunopathogenesis.|journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology|date=August 2013|volume=69|issue=2|pages=173.e1–13; quiz 185–6|pmid=23866878|doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2013.05.003}}</ref> Early symptoms of SJS dey include fever den flu-like symptoms.<ref name=GHR2015/> A few days later, de skin dey begin to blister den peel, dey form painful raw areas.<ref name=GHR2015/> Mucous membranes, such as de mouth, sanso typically be involved.<ref name=GHR2015/> Complications dey include dehydration, [[sepsis]], [[pneumonia]] den multiple organ failure.<ref name=GHR2015/> De most common cause be certain medications such as [[lamotrigine]], carbamazepine, allopurinol, sulfonamide antibiotics den nevirapine.<ref name="GHR2015" /> Oda causes fi include infections such as ''Mycoplasma pneumoniae'' den cytomegalovirus, anaa de cause fi remain unknown.<ref name="GHR2015" /><ref name=GARD2015>{{cite web|title=Stevens-Johnson syndrome|url=https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/7700/stevens-johnson-syndrome|website=GARD|access-date=August 26, 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828194041/https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/7700/stevens-johnson-syndrome|archive-date=August 28, 2016}}</ref> Risk factors dey include [[HIV/AIDS]] den systemic lupus erythematosus.<ref name=GHR2015/> De diagnosis of Stevens–Johnson syndrome dey base on involvement of less dan 10% of de skin.<ref name=GARD2015/> E be known as TEN wen more dan 30% of de skin be involved wey e be considered an intermediate form wen 10–30% be involved.<ref name=Orph2008>{{cite web|title=Orphanet: Toxic epidermal necrolysis|url=http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=95455|website=Orphanet|access-date=April 26, 2017|language=en|date=November 2008|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427102637/http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=95455|archive-date=April 27, 2017}}</ref> SJS/TEN reactions be believed to follow a type IV hypersensitivity mechanism.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Hyzy|first1=Robert C.|title=Evidence-Based Critical Care: A Case Study Approach|date=2017|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-3-319-43341-7|page=761|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tgImDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA761|language=en}}</ref> E sanso be included plus drug reaction plus eosinophilia den systemic symptoms (DRESS syndrome), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) den toxic epidermal necrolysis insyd a group of conditions dem know as severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs).<ref name=Adler2017>{{cite journal | vauthors = Adler NR, Aung AK, Ergen EN, Trubiano J, Goh MS, Phillips EJ | title = Recent advances in the understanding of severe cutaneous adverse reactions | journal = The British Journal of Dermatology | volume = 177 | issue = 5 | pages = 1234–1247 | year = 2017 | pmid = 28256714 | pmc = 5582023 | doi = 10.1111/bjd.15423 }}</ref> Treatment typically dey take place insyd hospital such as in a burn unit anaa intensive care unit.<ref name=GARD2015/> Efforts fi include stopping de cause, pain medication, antihistamines, antibiotics, intravenous immunoglobulins anaa corticosteroids.<ref name=GARD2015/> Togeda plus TEN, SJS dey affect 1 to 2 people per million per year.<ref name=GHR2015/> Typical onset be under de age of 30.<ref name=GARD2015/> Skin usually dey regrow over two to three weeks; however, complete recovery fi take months.<ref name=GARD2015/> Overall, de risk of death plus SJS be 5 to 10%.<ref name=GHR2015/><ref name=Ler2017>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lerch M, Mainetti C, Terziroli Beretta-Piccoli B, Harr T | title = Current Perspectives on Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis | journal = Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology | volume = 54| issue = 1| pages = 147–176| year = 2017 | pmid = 29188475 | doi = 10.1007/s12016-017-8654-z | s2cid = 46796285 }}</ref> == Notable cases == * Ab-Soul, American hip-hop recording artist den member of Black Hippy<ref name="Billboard">{{cite web |first= Erika |last= Ramirez |title= Ab-Soul's timeline: The rapper's life from 5 years old to now |url= https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/ab-souls-timeline-the-rappers-life-from-5-years-old-to-now-480657/ |publisher= [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |website= billboard.com |date= August 8, 2012 |access-date= December 7, 2012 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130217072859/http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/the-juice/480657/ab-souls-timeline-the-rappers-life-from-5-years-old-to-now |archive-date= February 17, 2013}}</ref> * Padma Lakshmi, actress, model, television personality, den cookbook writer<ref>{{cite news |first= Jess |last= Cartner-Morley |url= https://www.theguardian.com/weekend/story/0,,1748147,00.html |title= Beautiful and Damned |newspaper= [[The Guardian]] |date= April 8, 2006}}</ref> * Manute Bol, former NBA player. Bol die from complications of Stevens–Johnson syndrome as well as kidney failure.<ref>{{cite web |title= Manute Bol dies at age 47 |url= http://nba.fanhouse.com/2010/06/19/manute-bol-dies-acute-kidney-failure/ |website= [[FanHouse]] |publisher= [[AOL]] |date= June 19, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100621115540/http://nba.fanhouse.com/2010/06/19/manute-bol-dies-acute-kidney-failure/ |archive-date= June 21, 2010}}</ref> * Gene Sauers, three-time PGA Tour winner<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.twincities.com/sports/ci_23771407/3m-golf-gene-sauers-thriving-after-torturous-battle |title= 3M golf: Gene Sauers thriving after torturous battle with skin disease |last= Graff |first= Chad |date= July 31, 2013 |newspaper= [[St. Paul Pioneer Press]] |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141003032333/http://www.twincities.com/sports/ci_23771407/3m-golf-gene-sauers-thriving-after-torturous-battle |archive-date= October 3, 2014}}</ref> * Samantha Reckis, a seven-year-old Plymouth, Massachusetts girl wey loose de skin covering 95% of ein body after she take kiddies dema Motrin insyd 2003. Insyd 2013, a jury award am $63M insyd a lawsuit against Johnson & Johnson, one of de largest lawsuits of ein kind.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2013/02/13/plymouth-family-awarded-million-motrin-case/zEdJIbAWaas4zQVVSvIirI/story.html |title= Family awarded $63 million in Motrin case |date= February 13, 2013 |newspaper= [[The Boston Globe]]|url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170905094943/https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2013/02/13/plymouth-family-awarded-million-motrin-case/zEdJIbAWaas4zQVVSvIirI/story.html |archive-date= September 5, 2017}}</ref> Dem uphold de decision insyd 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2015/04/17/mass-high-court-upholds-verdict-children-motrin-case/w4kZhKFunbRi7MWrcISCJN/story.html |title= $63 million verdict in Children's Motrin case upheld |date= April 17, 2015 |newspaper= [[The Boston Globe]]|url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161031105903/http://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2015/04/17/mass-high-court-upholds-verdict-children-motrin-case/w4kZhKFunbRi7MWrcISCJN/story.html |archive-date= October 31, 2016}}</ref> *Karen Elaine Morton, a model den actress wey appear insyd Tommy Tutone ein "867-5309/Jenny" video.<ref name="IMDB">{{cite web|first=Karen|last=Morton|title=Karen Morton Biography|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0608028/bio|website=imdb.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002125926/http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0608028/bio|archive-date=October 2, 2016}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite journal|last1=Bentley|first1=John|last2=Sie|first2=David|title=Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis|journal=The Pharmaceutical Journal|date=October 8, 2014|volume=293|issue=7832|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012190345/http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/learning/cpd-article/stevens-johnson-syndrome-and-toxic-epidermal-necrolysis/20066728.cpdarticle|access-date=October 8, 2014|archive-date=October 12, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012190345/https://web.archive.org/web/20141012190345/http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/learning/cpd-article/stevens-johnson-syndrome-and-toxic-epidermal-necrolysis/20066728.cpdarticle}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Stevens-Johnson Syndrome}} [[Category:Diseases dem name after discoverers]] [[Category:Drug eruptions]] [[Category:Rare syndromes]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 9rwvkc1f03j5fglxn5fioaipgd4duvh 0 26460 112323 110804 2026-09-24T16:52:03Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112323 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''epidemiology of autism''' be de study of de incidence den distribution of [[Autism|autism spectrum disorders]] (ASD). A 2022 systematic review of global prevalence of autism spectrum disorders dem find a median prevalence of 1% insyd kiddies insyd studies dem publish from 2012 to 2021, plus a trend of increasing prevalence over time. However, de study ein 1% figure fi reflect an underestimate of prevalence insyd low- and middle-income countries.<ref name="Zeidan 2022">{{Cite journal |last=Zeidan |first=Jinan |last2=Fombonne |first2=Eric |last3=Scorah |first3=Julie |last4=Ibrahim |first4=Alaa |last5=Durkin |first5=Maureen S. |last6=Saxena |first6=Shekhar |last7=Yusuf |first7=Afiqah |last8=Shih |first8=Andy |last9=Elsabbagh |first9=Mayada |date=May 2022 |title=Global prevalence of autism: A systematic review update |journal=Autism Research |volume=15 |issue=5 |pages=778–790 |doi=10.1002/aur.2696 |pmc=9310578 |pmid=35238171}}</ref><ref name="Elsabbagh 2012">{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Elsabbagh M, Divan G, Koh YJ, Kim YS, Kauchali S, Marcín C, Montiel-Nava C, Patel V, Paula CS, Wang C, Yasamy MT, Fombonne E |date=June 2012 |title=Global prevalence of autism and other pervasive developmental disorders |journal=Autism Research |volume=5 |issue=3 |pages=160–79 |doi=10.1002/aur.239 |pmc=3763210 |pmid=22495912}}</ref> Socioeconomic barriers sanso dey affect access to treatment. Secof de high cost of individualized therapies such as applied behavior analysis (ABA), speech therapy, den occupational therapy; approximately 36% of kiddies plus ASD face difficulty affording care anaa remain untreated.<ref name="KyoCare20242">KyoCare. (2024). [https://kyocare.com/autism-therapy-cost%5B%5D The financial cost of autism therapy and access challenges]. Retrieved October 25, 2025</ref><ref name="Littman20232">Littman, R., et al. (2023). [[doi:10.xxxxx/jdbp.2023.01234|Economic and access disparities among U.S. children receiving ASD-related services]]. ''Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 44''(2), 95–107.</ref> [[Autism|ASD]] be a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, den although wat dey cause am still no be entirely known, efforts be made to outline causative mechanisms den how dem dey give rise to de disorder.<ref name="Sarovic 2021">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sarovic D |title=A Unifying Theory for Autism: The Pathogenetic Triad as a Theoretical Framework |journal=Frontiers in Psychiatry |volume=12 |article-number=767075 |date=November 2021 |pmid=34867553 |doi=10.3389/fpsyt.2021.767075 |pmc=8637925 |type=Review |s2cid=244119594 |doi-access=free}}</ref> De risk of developing autism be increased insyd de presence of various prenatal factors, wey dey include advanced paternal age den [[diabetes]] insyd de mommie during [[pregnancy]].<ref name="Gardener 20092">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gardener H, Spiegelman D, Buka SL |date=July 2009 |title=Prenatal risk factors for autism: comprehensive meta-analysis |url=https://archive.org/details/bj-psych_2009-07_195_1/page/7 |journal=The British Journal of Psychiatry |volume=195 |issue=1 |pages=7–14 |doi=10.1192/bjp.bp.108.051672 |pmc=3712619 |pmid=19567888}}</ref> Insyd rare cases, autism strongly be associated plus agents wey dey cause birth defects.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Arndt TL, Stodgell CJ, Rodier PM |title=The teratology of autism |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_international-journal-of-developmental-neuroscience_april-may-2005_23_2-3/page/189 |journal=International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience |volume=23 |issue=2–3 |pages=189–99 |date=2005 |pmid=15749245 |doi=10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2004.11.001 |s2cid=17797266}}</ref> E be shown to be related to genetic disorders<ref name="Zafeiriou 20072">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zafeiriou DI, Ververi A, Vargiami E |date=June 2007 |title=Childhood autism and associated comorbidities |journal=Brain & Development |volume=29 |issue=5 |pages=257–72 |doi=10.1016/j.braindev.2006.09.003 |pmid=17084999 |s2cid=16386209}}</ref> den plus [[epilepsy]].<ref name="Levisohn 20072">{{cite journal |vauthors=Levisohn PM |date=2007 |title=The autism-epilepsy connection |journal=Epilepsia |volume=48 |issue=Suppl 9 |pages=33–5 |doi=10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01399.x |pmid=18047599 |s2cid=25651749 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ASD be believed to be largely inherited, although de genetics of ASD be complex wey e be unclear wich genes be responsible.<ref name="Newschaffer 20072">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Newschaffer CJ, Croen LA, Daniels J, Giarelli E, Grether JK, Levy SE, Mandell DS, Miller LA, Pinto-Martin J, Reaven J, Reynolds AM, Rice CE, Schendel D, Windham GC |year=2007 |title=The epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders |journal=Annual Review of Public Health |volume=28 |issue=1 |pages=235–58 |bibcode=2007ARPH...28..235N |doi=10.1146/annurev.publhealth.28.021406.144007 |pmid=17367287 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Sandin 20172">{{cite journal |last1=Sandin |first1=S. |last2=Lichtenstein |first2=P. |last3=Kuja-Halkola |first3=R. |last4=Hultman |first4=C. |last5=Larsson |first5=H. |last6=Reichenberg |first6=A. |date=26 September 2017 |title=The Heritability of Autism Spectrum Disorder |journal=JAMA |volume=318 |issue=12 |pages=1182–1184 |doi=10.1001/jama.2017.12141 |pmc=5818813 |pmid=28973605}}</ref><ref name="Freitag 2007">{{cite journal |vauthors=Freitag CM |title=The genetics of autistic disorders and its clinical relevance: a review of the literature |journal=Molecular Psychiatry |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=2–22 |date=January 2007 |pmid=17033636 |doi=10.1038/sj.mp.4001896 |s2cid=205678822 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Trottier G, Srivastava L, Walker CD |title=Etiology of infantile autism: a review of recent advances in genetic and neurobiological research |journal=Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=103–15 |date=March 1999 |pmid=10212552 |pmc=1188990}}</ref> ASD sanso be associated plus several intellectual anaa emotional gifts, wich lead to a variety of hypotheses from within evolutionary psychiatry wey autistic traits play a beneficial role over human evolutionary history.<ref>{{Cite book |vauthors=Baron-Cohen S |title=The pattern seekers: how autism drives human invention |url=https://archive.org/details/patternseekersho0000baro |date=10 November 2020 |publisher=Basic Books |isbn=978-1-5416-4713-8 |oclc=1204602315}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Crespi BJ |title=Autism As a Disorder of High Intelligence |journal=Frontiers in Neuroscience |volume=10 |page=300 |date=2016-06-30 |pmid=27445671 |pmc=4927579 |doi=10.3389/fnins.2016.00300 |doi-access=free}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Pervasive developmental disorders}} {{Autism resources}} [[Category:Autism]] [[Category:Epidemiology|Autism]] [[Category:Prevalence of mental disorders|Autism]] 5r2y8edzcm71lj6c31qkm7wd7iwb7bn 0 26471 112452 110718 2026-09-24T23:57:16Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112452 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Asthma''' be a common long-term inflammatory disease of de airways. E be characterized by variable den recurring symptoms den reduced lung function. Symptoms dey include episodes of wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, den shortness of breath. A sudden worsening of asthma symptoms dem sam times call an 'asthma attack' anaa an 'asthma exacerbation' fi occur wen allergens, pollen, dust, anaa oda particles, be inhaled into de lungs, wey dey cause de bronchioles to constrict den produce mucus, wich then dey restrict oxygen flow to de alveoli. Dese fi occur a few times a day anaa a few times per week.<ref name="WHO20132">{{cite web |date=November 2013 |title=Asthma Fact sheet №307 |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs307/en/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629035454/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs307/en/ |archive-date=June 29, 2011 |access-date=March 3, 2016 |website=WHO}}</ref> Dey depend on de person, asthma symptoms fi cam be worse at night anaa plus exercise.<ref name="WHO20132" /> Dem dey think asthma be caused by a combination of genetic den environmental factors.<ref name=Goldman2020>{{cite book | vauthors = Drazen GM, Bel EH | veditors = Goldman L, Schafer AI |title=Goldman-Cecil Medicine |date=2020 |publisher=Elsevier |location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-323-55087-1 |pages=527–535|edition=26th|volume=1 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7pKqDwAAQBAJ&dq=Asthma&pg=PA527 |chapter=81. Asthma }}</ref> Environmental factors dey include exposure to air pollution den allergens.<ref name="WHO20132" /> Oda potential triggers dey include medications such as [[aspirin]] den beta blockers.<ref name="WHO20132" /> Diagnosis usually dey base on de pattern of symptoms, response to therapy over time, den spirometry lung function testing.<ref name="Lemanske2010">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lemanske RF, Busse WW | title = Asthma: clinical expression and molecular mechanisms | journal = The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology | volume = 125 | issue = 2 Suppl 2 | pages = S95-102 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20176271 | pmc = 2853245 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.10.047 }}</ref> Asthma be classified according to de amount of medication dem require to control symptoms anaa mechanisms underlying de condition. Der be no known cure give asthma, buh e fi be controlled.<ref name="WHO20132" /> Symptoms fi be prevented by avoiding triggers, such as allergens den respiratory irritants, den suppressed plus de use of inhaled corticosteroids.<ref name = "NHLBI_2007">{{cite report | author = Expert Panel | id = Report 3 (EPR-3) | title = Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma | work = National Asthma Education and Prevention Program |publisher=National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute |year=2007 | url= https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/guidelines-for-diagnosis-management-of-asthma }}</ref>{{rp|169–172}}<ref name="GINA_2025">{{cite web | work = Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) | title = Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention | date = 2025 | url = https://ginasthma.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/GINA-2025-Update-25_11_08-WMS.pdf }}</ref>{{rp|57,72–73}} Long-acting beta agonists (LABA) anaa antileukotriene agents fi be used in addition to inhaled corticosteroids if asthma symptoms remain uncontrolled.<ref name="GINA_2025" />{{rp|77–78,90}}<ref name="Antileukotriene agents">{{cite journal | vauthors = Scott JP, Peters-Golden M | title = Antileukotriene agents for the treatment of lung disease | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-respiratory-critical-care-medicine_2013-09-01_188_5/page/538 | journal = American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine | volume = 188 | issue = 5 | pages = 538–44 | date = September 2013 | pmid = 23822826 | doi = 10.1164/rccm.201301-0023PP }}</ref> Treatment of rapidly worsening symptoms usually be plus an inhaled short-acting beta₂ agonist such as salbutamol den corticosteroids wey dem take by mouth.<ref name="NHLBI_2007" />{{rp|214}} Insyd very severe cases, intravenous corticosteroids, magnesium sulfate, den hospitalization fi be required.<ref name="NHLBI_2007" />{{rp|373–375}} Insyd 2019, asthma affect approximately 262{{nbsp}}million people wey e cause approximately 461,000 deaths.<ref name="lancetasthma">{{Cite journal |url=https://www.thelancet.com/pb-assets/Lancet/gbd/summaries/diseases/asthma.pdf |title=Asthma–Level 3 cause |journal=The Lancet |volume=396 |date=October 2020 |pages=S108–S109}}</ref> Chaw of de deaths occur insyd de developing world.<ref name=WHO2013/> Asthma often dey begin insyd kiddie time,<ref name="WHO2013">{{cite web|title=Asthma Fact sheet №307 |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs307/en/ |website=WHO |access-date=March 3, 2016 |date=November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629035454/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs307/en/ |archive-date=June 29, 2011 }}</ref> wey de rates increase significantly since de 1960s.<ref name=Ana2010>{{cite journal | vauthors = Anandan C, Nurmatov U, van Schayck OC, Sheikh A | title = Is the prevalence of asthma declining? Systematic review of epidemiological studies | journal = Allergy | volume = 65 | issue = 2 | pages = 152–67 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 19912154 | doi = 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02244.x | bibcode = 2010Aller..65..152A | s2cid = 19525219 | url = https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/en/publications/7d2b02dc-f2be-4d63-a7ef-6c2c571281e6 | doi-access = }}</ref> Na dem recognize asthma as early as Ancient Egypt.<ref name="Manniche1999">{{cite book | vauthors = Manniche L | title = Sacred luxuries: fragrance, aromatherapy, and cosmetics in ancient Egypt | pages = [https://archive.org/details/sacredluxuriesfr0000mann/page/49 49] |date=1999 | publisher = Cornell University Press | isbn=978-0-8014-3720-5 }}</ref> De word ''asthma'' be from de Greek {{lang|grc|ἆσθμα}} (''âsthma''), wich dey mean 'panting'.<ref name=M38>{{cite book | vauthors = Murray JF |title=Murray and Nadel's textbook of respiratory medicine | url = https://archive.org/details/murraynadelstext0002unse | veditors = Mason RJ, Murray JF, Broaddus VC, Nadel JA, Martin TR, King Jr TE, Schraufnagel DE |year=2010|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-1-4160-4710-0 |chapter=Ch. 38 Asthma |edition=5th}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite web |year=2012 |orig-date=2008 |title=British Guideline on the Management of Asthma |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080819203455/http://www.sign.ac.uk/pdf/sign101.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080819203455/https://web.archive.org/web/20080819203455/http://www.sign.ac.uk/pdf/sign101.pdf |archive-date=August 19, 2008 |access-date=August 4, 2008 |work=[[British Thoracic Society]] |id=SIGN 101}} * {{cite book |url=https://www.sign.ac.uk/our-guidelines/british-guideline-on-the-management-of-asthma/ |title=British Guideline on the Management of Asthma |date=July 2019 |publisher=[[British Thoracic Society]] |isbn=978-1-909103-70-2 |id=SIGN 158}} ==External links== {{Sister project links|d=Q35869|c=Category:Asthma|b=asthma|v=no|voy=no|m=no|n=no|mw=no|q=no|species=no|wikt=asthma|s=no}} * [https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/asthma WHO fact sheet on asthma] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Asthma]] [[Category:Respiratory diseases]] [[Category:Chronic lower respiratory diseases]] [[Category:Respiratory therapy]] [[Category:Steroid-responsive inflammatory conditions]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] lv0f2cz415hkk875gcfag5fllbqwnzl 0 26493 112560 96960 2026-09-25T02:51:03Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112560 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Spain''', officially de '''Kingdom of Spain''', be a country insyd Southern den Western Europe plus territories insyd North Africa.Dey feature de southernmost point of continental Europe, e be de largest country insyd Southern Europe den de fourth-most populous European Union (EU) member state. Dey span de majority of de Iberian Peninsula, ein territory sanso dey include de Canary Islands, insyd de Eastern Atlantic Ocean; de Balearic Islands, insyd de Western Mediterranean Sea; den de autonomous cities of Ceuta den Melilla, insyd mainland Africa. Peninsular Spain be bordered to de north by [[France]], Andorra, den de Bay of Biscay; to de east den south by de Mediterranean Sea den Gibraltar den [[Morocco]], thru ein exclaves insyd North Africa; den to de west by Portugal den de Atlantic Ocean. Spain ein capital den largest city be Madrid; oda major urban areas dey include Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Zaragoza, Málaga, Murcia, den Palma de Mallorca. Insyd early antiquity, na de Iberian Peninsula be inhabited by Iberians, Celts, den oda pre-Roman peoples. De Roman conquest of de Iberian peninsula create de province of Hispania, wich cam be deeply Romanised den later Christianised. After de fall of de Western Roman Empire, de peninsula be conquered by tribes from Central Europe, among dem de Visigoths, wey establish de Visigothic Kingdom dem centre on Toledo. Insyd de early 8th century, chaw of de peninsula be conquered by de [[Umayyad Caliphate]], wey [[Al-Andalus]] centre on Córdoba. De northern Christian kingdoms of Iberia launch de so-called ''Reconquista'', gradually dey repel den ultimately dey expel Islamic rule from de peninsula, wey dey culminate plus de fall of de Nasrid Kingdom of Granada. De dynastic union of de Crown of Castile den de Crown of Aragon insyd 1479 under de Catholic Monarchs often be seen as de ''de facto'' unification of Spain as a nation state. During de Age of Discovery, Spain lead de exploration den conquest of de New World, dem plete de first circumnavigation of de globe, wey drm establish one of de largest empires insyd history, wich foster a global trade system driven by precious metals. Insyd de 18th century, de Nueva Planta decrees centralise Spain under de Bourbons, wey dey strengthen royal authority. De 19th century witness de victorious Peninsular War (1808–1814) against Napoleonic forces den de loss of chaw American colonies amid liberal–absolutist conflicts. Dese struggles culminate insyd de Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) den de Francoist dictatorship (1939–1975). Plus de restoration of democracy den entry into de EU, Spain experience a major economic boom den social transformation. Spain be a secular parliamentary democracy den a constitutional monarchy, wey King Felipe VI be head of state. A developed country, Spain get a high nominal per capita income globally, den ein advanced economy ranks among de largest insyd de world wey e be de fourth-largest insyd de EU. Spanish be de world ein second-most spoken native language. == Etymology == De name of Spain ({{lang|es|España}}) dey cam from {{lang|la|Hispania}}, de name wey de Ancient Romans use for de Iberian Peninsula during de Roman Republic den de Roman Empire. De etymology of de term {{lang|la|Hispania}} remain uncertain.<ref name="abc2014">{{cite web |last=ABC |date=28 August 2014 |title="I-span-ya", el misterioso origen de la palabra España |url=http://www.abc.es/espana/20140829/abci-donde-procede-palabra-espana-201408281811.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161113170715/http://www.abc.es/espana/20140829/abci-donde-procede-palabra-espana-201408281811.html |archive-date=13 November 2016 |language=es}}</ref> De Phoenicians refer to de region as ''España'', possibly dey mean 'land of rabbits anaa hyraxes',<ref>{{cite book |last=Castro |first=María Cruz Fernández |title=La Península Ibérica en época prerromana |date=2007 |publisher=El Pais |isbn=978-84-9815-764-2 |editor-last=Linch |editor-first=John |series=Historia de España |volume=2 |publication-place=Madrid |page=40 |language=es |chapter=La etimología de España; ¿tierra de conejos?}}</ref> 'land of metals',<ref name="Arechaga2009">{{cite journal |last1=Arechaga |first1=Juan |date=2009 |title=Science in Hispania: Spain and Portugal on the main route again |journal=The International Journal of Developmental Biology |volume=53 |issue=8–10 |pages=1119–1122 |doi=10.1387/ijdb.093019ja |pmid=19924620}}</ref> anaa 'northern island'.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dietler |first1=Michael |title=Colonial Encounters in Ancient Iberia |last2=López-Ruiz |first2=Carolina |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-226-14847-2 |page=274, n. 53}}</ref> Roman coins struck insyd de region from de reign of Hadrian show a female figure plus a rabbit at ein feet,<ref name="burke">{{cite book |last=Burke |first=Ulick Ralph |title=A History of Spain from the Earliest Times to the Death of Ferdinand the Catholic, Volume 1 |publisher=Longmans, Green & Co |year=1895 |location=London |page=12 |hdl=2027/hvd.fl29jg?urlappend=%3Bseq=36}}</ref> wey Strabo call am de 'land of de rabbits'. == Demographics == === Urbanisation === {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="10" |Largest cities anaa towns insyd Spain [https://ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=66322&L=1 ''National Statistics Institute'' (2025)] |- !Rank !Name !Autonomous community !Pop. !Rank !Name !Autonomous community !Pop. |- |1 |Madrid |Community of Madrid |3,477,497 |11 |Bilbao |Basque Country |350,975 |- |2 |Barcelona |Catalonia |1,713,247 |12 |Córdoba |Andalusia |324,159 |- |3 |Valencia |Valencian Community |841,558 |13 |Valladolid |Castile and León |301,798 |- |4 |Zaragoza |Aragon |699,007 |14 |Vigo |Galicia |295,735 |- |5 |Seville |Andalusia |688,714 |15 |L'Hospitalet |Catalonia |292,161 |- |6 |Málaga |Andalusia |597,173 |16 |Gijón |Principality of Asturias |271,259 |- |7 |Murcia |Region of Murcia |477,631 |17 |Vitoria-Gasteiz |Basque Country |260,402 |- |8 |Palma |Balearic Islands |443,196 |18 |A Coruña |Galicia |251,277 |- |9 |Las Palmas |Canary Islands |384,023 |19 |Elche |Valencian Community |245,575 |- |10 |Alicante |Valencian Community |365,586 |20 |Granada |Andalusia |235,294 |} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Sister project links|b=no|voy=Spain}} <!--Please discuss links on the talk page before adding them to this list – Remember to read the WP:EL guideline--> * [https://web.archive.org/web/20260118090920/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/spain/ Spain]. ''The World Factbook''. Central Intelligence Agency. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080821113429/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/spain.htm Spain] from ''UCB Libraries GovPubs'' * [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17941641 Spain] from the BBC News * [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=ES Key Development Forecasts for Spain] from International Futures ;Government * [https://web.archive.org/web/20210924160415/http://administracion.gob.es/pag_Home/en/index.html#.XLTfN-gzaUk E-Government portal for Spain] ;Maps * {{OSM relation|1311341}} ;Tourism * [https://www.spain.info/en/ Official tourism portal for Spain] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Spain| ]] [[Category:Countries wey dey Africa]] [[Category:Iberian Peninsula countries]] [[Category:Member states of NATO]] [[Category:Member states of de Council of Europe]] [[Category:Member states of de European Union]] [[Category:Member states of de Union for de Mediterranean]] [[Category:Member states of de United Nations]] [[Category:Monarchy of Spain]] [[Category:Countries insyd North Africa]] [[Category:OECD members]] [[Category:Countries den territories wer Spanish be official language]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1715]] [[Category:States den territories dem establish insyd 1978]] [[Category:Countries for Europe insyd]] 4v8qelgw8vap7vgjl84fix06mshctx9 0 26527 112420 110926 2026-09-24T19:31:05Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112420 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A '''transient ischemic attack''' ('''TIA'''), dem commonly know as '''mini-stroke''', be a temporary, anaa transient, [[stroke]] plus noticeable symptoms wey end within 24 hours. A TIA dey cause de same symptoms of stroke, such as weakness anaa numbness on one side of de body, sudden dimming anaa loss of vision, difficulty speaking anaa understanding language, den slurred speech. All forms of stroke, wey dey include a TIA, result from a disruption insyd blood flow to de central nervous system. A TIA be caused by a temporary disruption insyd blood flow to de brain, anaa cerebral blood flow (CBF). De primary difference between a major stroke den a TIA ein minor stroke be how much tissue death (infarction) fi be detected afterwards thru medical imaging. While a TIA for by definition be associated plus symptoms, strokes sanso fi be asymptomatic anaa silent. Insyd a silent stroke, dem sanso know as a ''silent cerebral infarct'' (SCI), der be permanent infarction detectable on imaging, buh der be no immediately observable symptoms. De same person fi get major strokes, minor strokes, den silent strokes, insyd any order.<ref>{{cite journal |author7=VISION Study Group |vauthors=Coutts SB, Hill MD, Simon JE, Sohn CH, Scott JN, Demchuk AM |date=August 2005 |title=Silent ischemia in minor stroke and TIA patients identified on MR imaging |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurology_2005-08-23_65_4/page/n48 |journal=Neurology |volume=65 |issue=4 |pages=513–517 |doi=10.1212/01.wnl.0000169031.39264.ff |pmid=16116107 |s2cid=24762370}}</ref> De occurrence of a TIA be a risk factor for having a major stroke, wey chaw people plus TIA get a major stroke within 48 hours of de TIA.<ref name="pmid19423857">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Easton JD, Saver JL, Albers GW, Alberts MJ, Chaturvedi S, Feldmann E, Hatsukami TS, Higashida RT, Johnston SC, Kidwell CS, Lutsep HL, Miller E, Sacco RL |date=June 2009 |title=Definition and evaluation of transient ischemic attack: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; and the Interdisciplinary Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease. The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this statement as an educational tool for neurologists |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_stroke_2009-06_40_6/page/n347 |journal=Stroke |volume=40 |issue=6 |pages=2276–2293 |doi=10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.192218 |pmid=19423857 |doi-access=free |author18=Council on Cardiovascular Nursing |author19=Interdisciplinary Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease |author16=Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia |author17=Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention |author14=American Heart Association |author15=American Stroke Association Stroke Council}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ferro JM, Falcão I, Rodrigues G, Canhão P, Melo TP, Oliveira V, Pinto AN, Crespo M, Salgado AV | display-authors = 6 | title = Diagnosis of transient ischemic attack by the nonneurologist. A validation study | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_stroke_1996-12_27_12/page/2225 | journal = Stroke | volume = 27 | issue = 12 | pages = 2225–2229 | date = December 1996 | pmid = 8969785 | doi = 10.1161/01.str.27.12.2225 }}</ref> All forms of stroke be associated plus increased risk of death anaa disability. Recognition say a TIA occur be an opportunity to start treatment, wey dey include medications den lifestyle changes, to prevent future strokes. == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Transient Ischemic Attack}} [[Category:Types of stroke]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] e4r4eq8631up3fiprr0qoc8d39rv7mb 0 26535 112385 110654 2026-09-24T18:29:14Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112385 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Obesity''' be a medical condition, wey multiple organizations consider e be a disease,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Powell-Wiley TM, Poirier P, Burke LE, Després JP, Gordon-Larsen P, Lavie CJ, Lear SA, Ndumele CE, Neeland IJ, Sanders P, St-Onge MP | title = Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association | journal = Circulation | volume = 143 | issue = 21 | pages = e984–e1010 | date = May 2021 | pmid = 33882682 | pmc = 8493650 | doi = 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000973 | bibcode = 2021Circu.14300973P }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=CDC |date=21 March 2022 |title=Causes and Consequences of Childhood Obesity |url=https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/basics/causes.html |access-date=18 August 2022 |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |language=en-us |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220415155258/https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/basics/causes.html |archive-date=15 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Policy Finder |url=https://policysearch.ama-assn.org/policyfinder/detail/obesity?uri=/AMADoc/HOD.xml-0-3858.xml |access-date=18 August 2022 | work = American Medical Association (AMA) }}</ref> insyd wich excess body fat accumulate to such an extent say e fi get negative effects on health. Dem dey classify people as obese wen dema body mass index (BMI)—a person ein weight dem divide by de square of de person ein height—be over 30 kg/m²; dem define de range 25–30 kg/m² as overweight.<ref name="WHO20152">{{Cite web |date=January 2015 |title=Obesity and overweight Fact sheet N°311 |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/ |access-date=2 February 2016 |website=WHO}}</ref> Sam East Asian countries dey use lower values to calculate obesity.<ref name="Kan2005">{{Cite book |title=Nutrition and Fitness: Obesity, the Metabolic Syndrome, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer |vauthors=Kanazawa M, Yoshiike N, Osaka T, Numba Y, Zimmet P, Inoue S |date=2005 |isbn=978-3-8055-7944-5 |series=World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics |volume=94 |pages=1–12 |chapter=Criteria and Classification of Obesity in Japan and Asia-Oceania |doi=10.1159/000088200 |pmid=16145245 |s2cid=19963495}}</ref> Obesity be a major cause of disability wey e be correlated plus various diseases den conditions, particularly cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, certain types of [[cancer]], den [[osteoarthritis]].<ref name="HaslamJames">{{cite journal |vauthors=Haslam DW, James WP |date=October 2005 |title=Obesity |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_october-1-7-2005_366_9492/page/1197 |journal=Lancet |type=Review |volume=366 |issue=9492 |pages=1197–1209 |bibcode=2005Lanc..366.1197H |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67483-1 |pmid=16198769 |s2cid=208791491}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Obesity - Symptoms and causes |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/obesity/symptoms-causes/syc-20375742 |access-date=30 November 2021 |website=Mayo Clinic |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chiolero A |date=October 2018 |title=Why causality, and not prediction, should guide obesity prevention policy |journal=The Lancet. Public Health |volume=3 |issue=10 |pages=e461–e462 |doi=10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30158-0 |pmid=30177480 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Obesity get individual, socioeconomic, den environmental causes. Sam known causes be diet, low physical activity, automation, urbanization, genetic susceptibility, medications, [[mental disorder]]s, economic policies, endocrine disorders, den exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals.<ref name="WHO20152" /><ref name="Yaz2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Yazdi FT, Clee SM, Meyre D | title = Obesity genetics in mouse and human: back and forth, and back again | journal = PeerJ | volume = 3 | article-number = e856 | date = 2015 | pmid = 25825681 | pmc = 4375971 | doi = 10.7717/peerj.856 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kassotis CD, Vandenberg LN, Demeneix BA, Porta M, Slama R, Trasande L | title = Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: economic, regulatory, and policy implications | journal = The Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology | volume = 8 | issue = 8 | pages = 719–730 | date = August 2020 | pmid = 32707119 | pmc = 7437819 | doi = 10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30128-5 }}</ref><ref name="Ble2008">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bleich S, Cutler D, Murray C, Adams A | title = Why is the developed world obese? | journal = Annual Review of Public Health | volume = 29 | pages = 273–295 | year = 2008 | pmid = 18173389 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.29.020907.090954 | doi-access = free | type = Research Support }}</ref> While chaw people plus obesity attempt to lose weight wey often be successful, maintaining weight loss long-term be rare.<ref name=":1">{{cite journal | vauthors = Strohacker K, Carpenter KC, McFarlin BK | title = Consequences of Weight Cycling: An Increase in Disease Risk? | journal = International Journal of Exercise Science | volume = 2 | issue = 3 | pages = 191–201 | date = 15 July 2009 | doi = 10.70252/ASAQ8961 | pmid = 25429313 | pmc = 4241770 }}</ref> Obesity prevention dey require a complex approach, wey dey include interventions at medical, societal, community, family, den individual levels.<ref name="WHO20152" /><ref name=":0"/> Changes to diet as well as exercising be de main treatments wey health professionals recommend.<ref name=HaslamJames/> Diet quality fi be improved by reducing de consumption of energy-dense foods, such as those high insyd fat anaa sugars, den by increasing de intake of dietary fiber.<ref name="WHO20152" /> De World Health Organization dey stress say de disease be a societal responsibility wey dese dietary choices for be made de most available, affordable, den accessible options. Medications fi be used, along plus a suitable diet, to reduce appetite anaa decrease fat absorption.<ref name="Yan2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yanovski SZ, Yanovski JA |date=January 2014 |title=Long-term drug treatment for obesity: a systematic and clinical review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2014-01-01_311_1/page/74 |journal=JAMA |type=Review |volume=311 |issue=1 |pages=74–86 |doi=10.1001/jama.2013.281361 |pmc=3928674 |pmid=24231879}}</ref> If diet, exercise, den medication no be effective, a gastric balloon anaa surgery fi be performed to reduce stomach volume anaa length of de intestines, wey dey lead to feeling full earlier, anaa a reduced ability to absorb nutrients from chow. Metabolic surgery dey promote weight loss no be by reducing caloric intake per buh sanso by inducing sustained changes insyd de secretion of gut hormones dem involve insyd appetite den metabolic regulation.<ref name="Col2014">{{cite journal |vauthors=Colquitt JL, Pickett K, Loveman E, Frampton GK |date=August 2014 |title=Surgery for weight loss in adults |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |type=Meta-analysis, Review |volume=2014 |issue=8 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD003641.pub4 |pmc=9028049 |pmid=25105982 |article-number=CD003641}}</ref><ref name="balloon2008">{{cite journal |vauthors=Imaz I, Martínez-Cervell C, García-Alvarez EE, Sendra-Gutiérrez JM, González-Enríquez J |date=July 2008 |title=Safety and effectiveness of the intragastric balloon for obesity. A meta-analysis |journal=Obesity Surgery |volume=18 |issue=7 |pages=841–846 |doi=10.1007/s11695-007-9331-8 |pmid=18459025 |s2cid=10220216}}</ref> Obesity be a leading preventable cause of death worldwide, plus increasing rates insyd adults den kiddies.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5aLxBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA158 |title=Encyclopedia of Mental Health |date=2015 |publisher=Academic Press |isbn=978-0-12-397753-3 |edition=2 |page=158}}</ref> Insyd 2022, over 1 billion people live plus obesity worldwide (879 million adults den 159 million kiddies), wey dey represent more dan double de adult cases (den four times higher dan cases among kiddies) dem register insyd 1990.<ref>{{Cite web |title=One in eight people are now living with obesity |url=https://www.who.int/news/item/01-03-2024-one-in-eight-people-are-now-living-with-obesity |access-date=2024-03-01 |website=World Health Organization |date=1 March 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=FAO |url=https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd6008en |title=The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2025 |last2=IFAD |last3=UNICEF |last4=WFP |last5=WHO |date=2025 |publisher=FAO ; IFAD ; UNICEF ; WFP ; WHO |isbn=978-92-5-139937-8 |language=English |doi=10.4060/cd6008en}}</ref> Obesity be more common insyd women dan insyd men.<ref name="WHO20152" /> Obesity be stigmatized insyd most of de world. Conversely, sam cultures, past den present, get a favorable view of obesity, wey dey see am as a symbol of wealth den fertility.<ref name=HaslamJames/><ref name="Woodhouse">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nXRU4Ea1aMkC&pg=PA271 |title=Obesity in art: a brief overview |vauthors=Woodhouse R |year=2008 |isbn=978-3-8055-8429-6 |series=Frontiers of Hormone Research |volume=36 |pages=271–86 |doi=10.1159/000115370 |pmid=18230908}}</ref> De World Health Organization, de [[United States|US]], [[Canada]], Japan, [[Portugal]], [[Germany]], de European Parliament den medical societies (such as de American Medical Association) dey classify obesity as a disease. Odas, such as de [[United Kingdom|UK]], no dey do.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Luli M, Yeo G, Farrell E, Ogden J, Parretti H, Frew E, Bevan S, Brown A, Logue J, Menon V, Isack N, Lean M, McEwan C, Gately P, Williams S, Astbury N, Bryant M, Clare K, Dimitriadis GK, Finlayson G, Heslehurst N, Johnson B, Le Brocq S, Roberts A, McGinley P, Mueller J, O'Kane M, Batterham RL, Miras AD, Miras AD |date=2023 |title=The implications of defining obesity as a disease: a report from the Association for the Study of Obesity 2021 annual conference - eClinicalMedicine |journal=eClinicalMedicine |volume=58 |doi=10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101962 |pmc=10119881 |pmid=37090435}}</ref><ref name="USGuidelines2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, Ard JD, Comuzzie AG, Donato KA, Hu FB, Hubbard VS, Jakicic JM, Kushner RF, Loria CM, Millen BE, Nonas CA, Pi-Sunyer FX, Stevens J, Stevens VJ, Wadden TA, Wolfe BM, Yanovski SZ, Jordan HS, Kendall KA, Lux LJ, Mentor-Marcel R, Morgan LC, Trisolini MG, Wnek J, Anderson JL, Halperin JL, Albert NM, Bozkurt B, Brindis RG, Curtis LH, DeMets D, Hochman JS, Kovacs RJ, Ohman EM, Pressler SJ, Sellke FW, Shen WK, Smith SC, Tomaselli GF |date=June 2014 |title=2013 AHA/ACC/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society |journal=Circulation |volume=129 |issue=25 Suppl 2 |pages=S102–S138 |doi=10.1161/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee |pmc=5819889 |pmid=24222017}}</ref><ref name="NYTimes20130618">{{Cite news|vauthors=Pollack A|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/19/business/ama-recognizes-obesity-as-a-disease.html|title=A.M.A. Recognizes Obesity as a Disease|date=18 June 2013|work=The New York Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130624124034/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/19/business/ama-recognizes-obesity-as-a-disease.html?_r=1&|archive-date=24 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 June 2013 |title=The Facts About Obesity |url=http://www.hhnmag.com/hhnmag/HHNDaily/HHNDailyDisplay.dhtml?id=5870001020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130909051439/http://www.hhnmag.com/hhnmag/HHNDaily/HHNDailyDisplay.dhtml?id=5870001020 |archive-date=9 September 2013 |access-date=24 June 2013 |website=H&HN |publisher=[[American Hospital Association]] |vauthors=Weinstock M}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q12174|c=Category:Obesity|n=Category:Obesity|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * [https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/ WHO fact sheet on obesity and overweight] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Obesity| ]] [[Category:Bariatrics]] [[Category:Body shape]] [[Category:Nutrition]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 5c3v1egraxn6ik07iqwzs5kgbw4rdib 0 26541 112546 110836 2026-09-25T02:34:01Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112546 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Quinine''' be a medication dem use to treat [[malaria]] den babesiosis.<ref name=AHFS2020>{{Cite web|title=Quinine sulfate|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/quinine-sulfate.html|publisher=Drugs.com|date=20 February 2020|access-date=14 May 2020}}</ref> Dis dey include de treatment of malaria secof ''Plasmodium falciparum'' wey be resistant to chloroquine wen artesunate no be available.<ref name=AHFS2020/><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Esu EB, Effa EE, Opie ON, Meremikwu MM | title = Artemether for severe malaria | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 6 | article-number = CD010678 | date = June 2019 | issue = 6 | pmid = 31210357 | pmc = 6580442 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD010678.pub3 }}</ref> While dem sam times use am give nocturnal leg cramps, quinine no be recommended for dis purpose secof de risk of serious side effects.<ref name=AHFS2020/> Dem fi be take am by mouth anaa intravenously.<ref name=AHFS2020/> Malaria resistance to quinine dey occur insyd certain areas of de world.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Foley M, Tilley L | title = Quinoline antimalarials: mechanisms of action and resistance | url = https://archive.org/details/international-journal-for-parasitology_1997-02_27_2/page/231 | journal = International Journal for Parasitology | volume = 27 | issue = 2 | pages = 231–240 | date = February 1997 | pmid = 9088993 | doi = 10.1016/s0020-7519(96)00152-x }}</ref> Quinine sanso be used as an ingredient insyd tonic water den oda beverages to impart a bitter taste.<ref name="olmsted">{{cite book | vauthors = Olmsted J, Williams GM |title=Chemistry: The Molecular Science |date=1997 |publisher=Jones & Bartlett Learning |isbn=978-0-815-18450-8 |page=137 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1vnk6J8knKkC&pg=PA137 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915152729/https://books.google.com/books?id=1vnk6J8knKkC&pg=PA137 |archive-date=15 September 2016}}</ref> Common side effects dey include headache, [[tinnitus|ringing insyd de ears]], vision issues, den sweating.<ref name=AHFS2020/> More severe side effects dey include deafness, low blood platelets, den an irregular heartbeat.<ref name=AHFS2020/> Ein use fi make one more prone to sunburn.<ref name=AHFS2020/> While e be unclear if ein use during pregnancy dey carry potential for fetal harm, treating malaria during pregnancy .plus quinine wen appropriate still be recommended.<ref name=AHFS2020/> Quinine be an alkaloid, a naturally occurring chemical compound. E dey possess a C9H7N quinoline functional group (pyridine dem fuse to benzene).<ref name=AHFS2020/> Quinine be first isolated insyd 1820 from de bark of a cinchona tree, wich be native to [[Peru]],<ref name=AHFS2020/><ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Willcox M |date=28 June 2004 |title=Traditional Medicinal Plants and Malaria |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L3lZiwsCZoYC&pg=PA23|publisher=CRC Press |page=231 |isbn=978-0-203-50232-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Cechinel-Filho V |title= Plant bioactives and drug discovery: principles, practice, and perspectives|date=2012|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|location=Hoboken, N.J.|isbn=978-0-470-58226-8|page=2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hhraBwhymOUC&pg=PA2|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073629/https://books.google.com/books?id=hhraBwhymOUC&pg=PA2|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref> den ein molecular formula be determined by Adolph Strecker insyd 1854.<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = Strecker A |date=1854|title=Untersuchungen über die Constitution des Chinins |journal=Liebigs Ann. Chem.|volume=91|issue=2|pages=155–170|doi=10.1002/jlac.18540910204|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1427060 }}</ref> De class of chemical compounds to wich e dey belong be thus called de cinchona alkaloids. Na bark extracts be used to treat malaria since at least 1632 wey e be introduced to Spain as early as 1636 by Jesuit missionaries wey dey return from de New World.<ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Staines HM, Krishna S |title=Treatment and Prevention of Malaria: Antimalarial Drug Chemistry, Action and Use.|date=2011|publisher=Springer Verlag|location=[S.l.]|isbn=978-3-0346-0479-6|page=45|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cNuY6tyyyrUC&pg=PA45}}</ref> E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO23rd">{{cite book | title = The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023) | year = 2023 | hdl = 10665/371090 | publisher = [[World Health Organization]] | location = Geneva | id = WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02 | hdl-access=free }}</ref> Treatment of malaria plus quinine dey mark de first known use of a chemical compound to treat an infectious disease.<ref>{{cite web |title=Quinine |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/quinine |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q189522|c=Category:Quinine|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=Quinine|species=no}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200113043756/https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/quinine Quinine] at the Drug Information Portal - U.S. National Library of Medicine * [https://www.inchem.org/documents/pims/pharm/pim464.htm Quinine] at the International Programme on Chemical Safety * {{cite web | url = https://web.archive.org/web/20241108204727/https://chemwatch.net/resource-center/quinine/ | publisher = Chemwatch | work = Resource Center | title = Quinine}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Quinine|Quinine]] [[Category:Antimalarial agents]] [[Category:Bitter compounds]] [[Category:CYP2D6 inhibitors]] [[Category:Hepatotoxins]] [[Category:Phenol ethers]] [[Category:Quinoline alkaloids]] [[Category:Quinuclidine alkaloids]] [[Category:Secondary alcohols]] [[Category:Vinyl compounds]] [[Category:World Health Organization essential medicines]] [[Category:Methoxy compounds]] [[Category:Tree-derived bioactive compounds]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 5oe0e37xv25hm7nrc0vl56k9g0roi4n 0 26601 112392 97310 2026-09-24T18:45:57Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112392 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''mechanisms of autism''' be de molecular den cellular processes dem believe to [[Causes of autism|cause]] anaa contribute to de symptoms of [[autism]]. Multiple processes be hypothesized to explain different autistic features. Dese hypotheses dey include defects in synapse structure den function, reduced synaptic plasticity, disrupted neural circuit function, gut–brain axis dyshomeostasis, neuroinflammation, den altered brain structure anaa connectivity. Autism symptoms dey stem from maturation-related changes in brain systems. Dem divide de mechanisms of autism into two main areas: pathophysiology of brain structures den processes, den neuropsychological linkages between brain structures den behaviours, plus multiple pathophysiologies dem link to various autism behaviours. Evidence dey suggest gut–brain axis abnormalities fi contribute to autism. Studies dey propose say immune, gastrointestinal inflammation, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, gut microbiota alterations, den dietary metabolites fi contribute to brain neuroinflammation den dysfunction. Additionally, enteric nervous system abnormalities fi play a role in neurological disorders by allowing disease pathways from de gut to impact de brain. Synaptic dysfunction sanso dey appear to be implicated insyd autism, plus sam mutations wey dey disrupt synaptic pathways wey dey involve cell adhesion. Evidence points to teratogens wey dey affect de early developmental stages, wey dey suggest autism dey arise very early, possibly within de first eight weeks after conception. Neuroanatomical studies support say autism fi involve abnormal neuronal growth den pruning, wey dey lead to brain enlargement insyd sam areas den reduction insyd odas.<ref name="Koenig 2001">{{cite book |first1=Kathleen |last1=Koenig |first2=Katherine D. |last2=Tsatsanis |first3=Fred R. |last3=Volkmar |chapter=Neurobiology and Genetics of Autism: A Developmental Perspective |pages=73–92 |editor-first1=Jacob A. |editor-first2=Tony |editor-first3=Nurit |editor-first4=Philip R. |editor-last1=Burack |editor-last2=Charman |editor-last3=Yirmiya |editor-last4=Zelazo |title=The Development of Autism |date=2001 |doi=10.4324/9781410600196 |isbn=978-1-4106-0019-6 |oclc=1086456061 }}</ref> Functional neuroimaging studies dey show reduced activation insyd somatosensory cortices during theory of mind tasks insyd autistic individuals den dey highlight potential imbalances insyd neurotransmitters like glutamate den Γ-aminobutyric acid wey fi underlie autism ein behavioural manifestations.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Estes ML, McAllister AK | title = Maternal immune activation: Implications for neuropsychiatric disorders | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_science_science_2016-08-19_353_6301/page/772 | journal = Science | volume = 353 | issue = 6301 | pages = 772–777 | date = August 2016 | pmid = 27540164 | pmc = 5650490 | doi = 10.1126/science.aag3194 | bibcode = 2016Sci...353..772E }}</ref> == References == <references /> [[Category:Causes of autism]] [[Category:Neuropathology|Autism]] [[Category:Neurophysiology|Autism]] [[Category:Neuropsychology|Autism]] a29ofqjilm3kzf1xydqze77nrqxfj8e 0 26607 112312 110840 2026-09-24T16:37:09Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112312 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Management of autism''' dey encompass educational den psychosocial interventions as well as medical management, all dem design to improve communication, learning, adaptive skills of [[Autism|autistic]] people. Such methods of therapy dey seek to aid autistic people in dealing plus difficulties den increase dema functional independence. Treatment typically be catered to de person ein needs. Training den support sanso be given to families of those dem diagnose plus autism.<ref name="CCD2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Myers SM, Johnson CP |date=November 2007 |title=Management of children with autism spectrum disorders |journal=Pediatrics |volume=120 |issue=5 |pages=1162–82 |doi=10.1542/peds.2007-2362 |pmid=17967921 |s2cid=1656920 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Available approaches dey include applied behavior analysis (ABA), developmental models, structured teaching, speech and language therapy, social skills therapy, den occupational therapy.<ref name="CCD2" /> ABA be a behavioral therapy wey dey aim to teach autistic kiddies certain social den oda behaviors by prompting using rewards den reinforcement learning thru play, expressive labeling, den requesting as well as reduce aggressive den self-injurious behavior by assessing ein environmental causes den reinforcing replacement behaviors. Occupational therapists work plus autistic kiddies by creating interventions wey promote social interaction like sharing den cooperation.<ref name="Case-Smith_2008">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Case-Smith J, Arbesman M |date=2008-07-01 |title=Evidence-based review of interventions for autism used in or of relevance to occupational therapy |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-occupational-therapy_july-august-2008_62_4/page/416 |journal=The American Journal of Occupational Therapy |volume=62 |issue=4 |pages=416–29 |doi=10.5014/ajot.62.4.416 |pmid=18712004}}</ref> Dem sanso support de autistic kiddie by helping dem work thru a dilemma as de OT dey imitate de kiddie den dey wait for a response from de kiddie.<ref name="Case-Smith_2008" /> For autistic adults, key treatment issues dey include residential care, job training den placement, sexuality, social skills, den estate planning.<ref name="Aman">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Aman MG |date=2005 |title=Treatment planning for patients with autism spectrum disorders |journal=The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry |volume=66 |issue=Suppl 10 |pages=38–45 |pmid=16401149}}</ref> Studies of interventions get sam methodological problems wey prevent definitive conclusions about efficacy.<ref name="Ospina2">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Ospina MB, Krebs Seida J, Clark B, Karkhaneh M, Hartling L, Tjosvold L, Vandermeer B, Smith V |year=2008 |title=Behavioural and developmental interventions for autism spectrum disorder: a clinical systematic review |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=3 |issue=11 |bibcode=2008PLoSO...3.3755O |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0003755 |pmc=2582449 |pmid=19015734 |doi-access=free |article-number=e3755}}</ref> Although chaw psychosocial interventions get sam positive evidence, wey dey suggest say sam form of treatment be preferable to no treatment, de systematic reviews report say de quality of dese studies generally be poor, dema clinical results mostly be tentative, wey der be little evidence for de relative effectiveness of treatment options.<ref name="Seida2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Seida JK, Ospina MB, Karkhaneh M, Hartling L, Smith V, Clark B |date=February 2009 |title=Systematic reviews of psychosocial interventions for autism: an umbrella review |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_developmental-medicine-and-child-neurology_2009-02_51_2/page/95 |journal=Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=95–104 |doi=10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.03211.x |pmid=19191842 |s2cid=39383638 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Intensive, sustained special education programs den behavior therapy early insyd life fi help kiddies plus ASD acquire self-care, social, den job skills,<ref name="CCD2" /> wey often fi improve functioning, den decrease severity of de signs den observed behaviors dem think of as maladaptive;<ref name="Rogers2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rogers SJ, Vismara LA |date=January 2008 |title=Evidence-based comprehensive treatments for early autism |journal=Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=8–38 |doi=10.1080/15374410701817808 |pmc=2943764 |pmid=18444052}}</ref> Early, intensive ABA demonstrate effectiveness, buh chaw randomized clinical studies lack adverse event monitoring, although such adverse effects fi be common.<ref name="SandbankM2023">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sandbank M, Bottema-Beutel K, Crowley LaPoint S, Feldman JI, Barrett DJ, Caldwell N, Dunham K, Crank J, Albarran S, Woynaroski T |title=Autism intervention meta-analysis of early childhood studies (Project AIM): updated systematic review and secondary analysis |journal=BMJ |volume=383 |issue= |article-number=e076733 |date=November 2023 |pmid=37963634 |pmc=10644209 |doi=10.1136/bmj-2023-076733 |url=}}</ref> De limited research on de effectiveness of adult residential programs dey show mixed results.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Van Bourgondien ME, Reichle NC, Schopler E | title = Effects of a model treatment approach on adults with autism | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-autism-and-developmental-disorders_2003-04_33_2/page/131 | journal = Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | volume = 33 | issue = 2 | pages = 131–40 | date = April 2003 | pmid = 12757352 | doi = 10.1023/A:1022931224934 | s2cid = 30125359 }}</ref> Medical management dey address co-occurring challenges such as irritability, hyperactivity, anxiety, den sleep disturbances rather dan core social den communication traits. Chaw such treatments be prescribed off-label in order to target specific symptoms.<ref name = "Popow_2021">{{cite journal | vauthors = Popow C, Ohmann S, Plener P | title = Practitioner's review: medication for children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and comorbid conditions | language = English | journal = Neuropsychiatrie | volume = 35 | issue = 3 | pages = 113–134 | date = September 2021 | pmid = 34160787 | pmc = 8429404 | doi = 10.1007/s40211-021-00395-9 }}</ref> Antipsychotic medications such as [[risperidone]] den [[aripiprazole]] fi reduce severe behavioral issues, while stimulants fi help plus attention den activity levels.<ref name="McCrackenJT2002">{{cite journal |vauthors=McCracken JT, McGough J, Shah B, Cronin P, Hong D, Aman MG, Arnold LE, Lindsay R, Nash P, Hollway J, McDougle CJ, Posey D, Swiezy N, Kohn A, Scahill L, Martin A, Koenig K, Volkmar F, Carroll D, Lancor A, Tierney E, Ghuman J, Gonzalez NM, Grados M, Vitiello B, Ritz L, Davies M, Robinson J, McMahon D |title=Risperidone in children with autism and serious behavioral problems |journal=N Engl J Med |volume=347 |issue=5 |pages=314–21 |date=August 2002 |pmid=12151468 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa013171 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2002-08-01_347_5/page/314}}</ref><ref name="OwenR2009">{{cite journal |vauthors=Owen R, Sikich L, Marcus RN, Corey-Lisle P, Manos G, McQuade RD, Carson WH, Findling RL |title=Aripiprazole in the treatment of irritability in children and adolescents with autistic disorder |journal=Pediatrics |volume=124 |issue=6 |pages=1533–40 |date=December 2009 |pmid=19948625 |doi=10.1542/peds.2008-3782 |url=}}</ref> Pharmacological treatments, wey dey include antidepressants den antipsychotics, fi be prescribed to manage co-occurring conditions such as anxiety, depression, anaa irritability, buh dem no dey treat de underlying characteristics of autism.<ref name=wp-leucovorin/><ref name="NIH2023">{{cite web |title=Autism Spectrum Disorder: Medication and Therapy Options |url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/autism-spectrum-disorders-asd |website=National Institute of Mental Health |publisher=NIMH |date=2023 |access-date=2025-11-02}}</ref> Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, [[oxytocin]], den oda agents show inconsistent results.<ref name="KingBH2009">{{cite journal |vauthors=King BH, Hollander E, Sikich L, McCracken JT, Scahill L, Bregman JD, Donnelly CL, Anagnostou E, Dukes K, Sullivan L, Hirtz D, Wagner A, Ritz L |title=Lack of efficacy of citalopram in children with autism spectrum disorders and high levels of repetitive behavior: citalopram ineffective in children with autism |journal=Arch Gen Psychiatry |volume=66 |issue=6 |pages=583–90 |date=June 2009 |pmid=19487623 |pmc=4112556 |doi=10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.30 |url=}}</ref><ref name="OoiYP2017">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ooi YP, Weng SJ, Kossowsky J, Gerger H, Sung M |title=Oxytocin and Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials |journal=Pharmacopsychiatry |volume=50 |issue=1 |pages=5–13 |date=January 2017 |pmid=27574858 |doi=10.1055/s-0042-109400 |url=}}</ref> Parents of autistic kiddies often dey encounter conflicting advice, unproven "miracle" treatments, den misleading claims in efforts to improve symptoms of a largely genetic disorder wey currently get no cure.<ref name="APA2024">{{cite web |title=Autism Spectrum Disorder |url=https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/autism/what-is-autism-spectrum-disorder |website=American Psychiatric Association |publisher=APA |date=2024 |access-date=2025-11-02}}</ref><ref name="wp-leucovorin">{{cite news |last=Abutaleb |first=Yasmeen |title=Parents of children with autism face conflicting advice and false hope from alternative treatments |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2025/11/02/autism-alternative-treatments-leucovorin/ |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=November 2, 2025 |access-date=November 2, 2025 }}</ref> While chaw alternative anaa complementary treatments, wey dey include dietary restrictions, chelation, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, sensory integration, den acupuncture, lack scientific support wey fi pose health anaa financial risks,<ref name="JamesS2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=James S, Stevenson SW, Silove N, Williams K |editor-first1=Stephen |editor-last1=James |title=Chelation for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) |journal=Cochrane Database Syst Rev |volume= |issue=5 |article-number=CD010766 |date=May 2015 |pmid=26106752 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD010766 |url=}}</ref><ref name="LangeKW2015">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lange KW, Hauser J, Reissmann A |title=Gluten-free and casein-free diets in the therapy of autism |journal=Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care |volume=18 |issue=6 |pages=572–5 |date=November 2015 |pmid=26418822 |doi=10.1097/MCO.0000000000000228 |url=}}</ref> sam evidence dey exist say limited mindfulness-based interventions fi improve mental health insyd adults plus autism.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Benevides |first1=Teal W |last2=Shore |first2=Stephen M |last3=Andresen |first3=May-Lynn |last4=Caplan |first4=Reid |last5=Cook |first5=Barb |last6=Gassner |first6=Dena L |last7=Erves |first7=Jasmine M |last8=Hazlewood |first8=Taylor M |last9=King |first9=M Caroline |last10=Morgan |first10=Lisa |last11=Murphy |first11=Lauren E |last12=Purkis |first12=Yenn |last13=Rankowski |first13=Brigid |last14=Rutledge |first14=Sarah M |last15=Welch |first15=Savannah P |date=2020 |title=Interventions to address health outcomes among autistic adults: A systematic review |journal=Autism |language=en |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=1345–1359 |doi=10.1177/1362361320913664 |issn=1362-3613 |pmc=7787674 |pmid=32390461}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Pervasive developmental disorders}} {{Autism resources}} [[Category:Treatment of autism]] [[Category:Special education]] [[Category:Psychotherapy]] ihwrhcqldsz43hrohs5s0j0hixir5o2 0 26615 112518 97342 2026-09-25T01:50:05Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112518 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Melatonin''', an indoleamine, be a natural compound wey various organisms produce, wey dey include bacteria den eukaryotes.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Amaral |first=Fernanda Gaspar do |last2=Cipolla-Neto |first2=José |year=2018 |title=A brief review about melatonin, a pineal hormone |journal=Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism |volume=62 |issue=4 |pages=472–479 |doi=10.20945/2359-3997000000066 |pmc=10118741 |pmid=30304113 |s2cid=52954755}}</ref> Ein discovery insyd 1958 by Aaron B. Lerner den colleagues stem from de isolation of a substance from de pineal gland of cows wey fi induce skin lightening insyd common frogs. Dem later identify dis compound as a hormone dem secrete insyd de brain during de night, wey dey play a crucial role in regulating de sleep-wake cycle, dem sanso know as de circadian rhythm, insyd vertebrates.<ref name="Auld2017">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Auld F, Maschauer EL, Morrison I, [[Debra J. Skene|Skene DJ]], Riha RL |date=August 2017 |title=Evidence for the efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of primary adult sleep disorders |url=http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/813219/1/Riha%20accepted%20MS%202016.pdf |journal=Sleep Medicine Reviews |volume=34 |pages=10–22 |doi=10.1016/j.smrv.2016.06.005 |hdl=20.500.11820/0e890bda-4b1d-4786-a907-a03b1580fd07 |pmid=28648359 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lNSlBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA888 |title=ADHD: Non-Pharmacologic Interventions, An Issue of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, E-Book |vauthors=Faraone SV |date=2014 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-323-32602-5 |page=888}}</ref> Insyd vertebrates, melatonin ein functions extend to synchronizing sleep-wake cycles, wey dey encompass sleep-wake timing den blood pressure regulation, as well as controlling seasonal rhythmicity (circannual cycle), wich dey include reproduction, fattening, molting, den hibernation.<ref name="Altun2007">{{cite journal | vauthors = Altun A, Ugur-Altun B | title = Melatonin: therapeutic and clinical utilization | journal = International Journal of Clinical Practice | volume = 61 | issue = 5 | pages = 835–45 | date = May 2007 | pmid = 17298593 | doi = 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.01191.x | s2cid = 18050554 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Ein effects be mediated thru de activation of melatonin receptors den ein role as an antioxidant.<ref name="Boutin2005">{{cite journal |vauthors=Boutin JA, Audinot V, Ferry G, Delagrange P |date=August 2005 |title=Molecular tools to study melatonin pathways and actions |journal=Trends in Pharmacological Sciences |volume=26 |issue=8 |pages=412–9 |doi=10.1016/j.tips.2005.06.006 |pmid=15992934}}</ref><ref name="Hardeland2005">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hardeland R |date=July 2005 |title=Antioxidative protection by melatonin: multiplicity of mechanisms from radical detoxification to radical avoidance |journal=Endocrine |volume=27 |issue=2 |pages=119–30 |doi=10.1385/ENDO:27:2:119 |pmid=16217125 |s2cid=46984486}}</ref><ref name="Reiter2001">{{cite journal |vauthors=Reiter RJ, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Tan DX, Burkhardt S |date=June 2001 |title=Free radical-mediated molecular damage. Mechanisms for the protective actions of melatonin in the central nervous system |journal=Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences |volume=939 |issue=1 |pages=200–15 |bibcode=2001NYASA.939..200R |doi=10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03627.x |pmid=11462772 |s2cid=20404509}}</ref> Insyd plants den bacteria, e dey serve as a defense mechanism against oxidative stress, wey dey indicate ein evolutionary significance.<ref name="Tan_2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tan DX, Hardeland R, Manchester LC, Korkmaz A, Ma S, Rosales-Corral S, Reiter RJ |date=January 2012 |title=Functional roles of melatonin in plants, and perspectives in nutritional and agricultural science |journal=Journal of Experimental Botany |volume=63 |issue=2 |pages=577–97 |doi=10.1093/jxb/err256 |pmid=22016420 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Mitochondria, key organelles, be de main producers of melatonin,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Reiter |first1=Russel J. |last2=Tan |first2=Dun Xian |last3=Rosales-Corral |first3=Sergio |last4=Galano |first4=Annia |last5=Zhou |first5=Xin Jia |last6=Xu |first6=Bing |date=2018 |title=Mitochondria: Central Organelles for Melatonin's Antioxidant and Anti-Aging Actions |journal=Molecules |volume=23 |issue=2 |page=509 |doi=10.3390/molecules23020509 |pmc=6017324 |pmid=29495303 |doi-access=free }}</ref> wey dey underscore ein "ancient origins" den ein fundamental role in protecting de earliest cells from reactive oxygen species.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Manchester |first1=Lucien C. |last2=Coto-Montes |first2=Ana |last3=Boga |first3=Jose Antonio |last4=Andersen |first4=Lars Peter H. |last5=Zhou |first5=Zhou |last6=Galano |first6=Annia |last7=Vriend |first7=Jerry |last8=Tan |first8=Dun-Xian |last9=Reiter |first9=Russel J. |date=2015 |title=Melatonin: an ancient molecule that makes oxygen metabolically tolerable |journal=Journal of Pineal Research |volume=59 |issue=4 |pages=403–419 |doi=10.1111/jpi.12267 |pmid=26272235|s2cid=24373303 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Zhao |first1=Dake |last2=Yu |first2=Yang |last3=Shen |first3=Yong |last4=Liu |first4=Qin |last5=Zhao |first5=Zhiwei |last6=Sharma |first6=Ramaswamy |last7=Reiter |first7=Russel J. |date=2019 |title=Melatonin Synthesis and Function: Evolutionary History in Animals and Plants |journal=Frontiers in Endocrinology |volume=10 |article-number=249 |doi=10.3389/fendo.2019.00249 |pmc=6481276 |pmid=31057485 |doi-access=free }}</ref> In addition to ein endogenous functions as a hormone den antioxidant, melatonin sanso be administered exogenously as a dietary supplement den medication. Dem dey use melatonin medically primarily for sleep-related problems: for example, prolonged-release melatonin (Circadin) be approved insyd several countries for short-term treatment of insomnia insyd people aged 55 years of age anaa older.<ref name="RiemannEspieAltena20232">{{cite journal |vauthors=Riemann D, Espie CA, Altena E, Arnardottir ES, Baglioni C, Bassetti CL, Bastien C, Berzina N, Bjorvatn B, Dikeos D, Dolenc Groselj L, Ellis JG, Garcia-Borreguero D, Geoffroy PA, Gjerstad M, Gonçalves M, Hertenstein E, Hoedlmoser K, Hion T, Holzinger B, Janku K, Jansson-Fröjmark M, Järnefelt H, Jernelöv S, Jennum PJ, Khachatryan S, Krone L, Kyle SD, Lancee J, Leger D, Lupusor A, Marques DR, Nissen C, Palagini L, Paunio T, Perogamvros L, Pevernagie D, Schabus M, Shochat T, Szentkiralyi A, Van Someren E, van Straten A, Wichniak A, Verbraecken J, Spiegelhalder K |date=December 2023 |title=The European Insomnia Guideline: An update on the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia 2023 |url= |journal=J Sleep Res |volume=32 |issue=6 |doi=10.1111/jsr.14035 |hdl=11250/3121742 |pmid=38016484 |hdl-access=free |article-number=e14035}}</ref> Dem dey use am insyd de treatment of [[sleep disorder]]s, wey dey include [[insomnia]] den various circadian rhythm sleep disorders. == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q180912|c=Category:Melatonin|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=Melatonin|species=no}} * [https://isomerdesign.com/pihkal/explore/5035 Melatonin - Isomer Design] * {{cite web | url = https://web.archive.org/web/20250531064939/https://chemwatch.net/resource-center/melatonin/ | publisher = Chemwatch | title = Melatonin }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:N-Acyltryptamines]] [[Category:Melatonin| ]] [[Category:Melatonin receptor agonists]] [[Category:5-Methoxytryptamines]] [[Category:Over-the-counter drugs insyd de United States]] [[Category:TiHKAL]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 2nzn0ka2d23dno5mthf3mldv7x47zfz 0 26621 112382 110925 2026-09-24T18:25:09Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112382 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Classic autism'''—dem sanso know as '''childhood autism''', '''autistic disorder''', anaa '''Kanner's syndrome'''—be a formerly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder dem first describe by Leo Kanner insyd 1943. E be characterized by atypical den impaired development insyd social interaction den communication as well as restricted den repetitive behaviors, activities, den interests. Dese symptoms first appear insyd early childhood den persist thru out life. Classic autism be last recognized as a diagnosis insyd de DSM-IV den ICD-10, wey e be superseded by autism-spectrum disorder insyd de DSM-5 (2013) den ICD-11 (2022). Globally, classic autism be estimated to affect 24.8 million people {{as of|2015|lc=y}}.<ref name="GBD2015Pre">{{cite journal |last1=Vos |first1=Theo |last2=Allen |first2=Christine |last3=Arora |first3=Megha |last4=Barber |first4=Ryan M. |last5=Bhutta |first5=Zulfiqar A. |last6=Brown |first6=Alexandria |last7=Carter |first7=Austin |last8=Casey |first8=Daniel C. |last9=Charlson |first9=Fiona J. |last10=Chen |first10=Alan Z. |last11=Coggeshall |first11=Megan |last12=Cornaby |first12=Leslie |last13=Dandona |first13=Lalit |last14=Dicker |first14=Daniel J. |last15=Dilegge |first15=Tina |display-authors=1 |date=October 2016 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |journal=Lancet |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1545–1602 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 |pmc=5055577 |pmid=27733282 |collaboration=GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators |last16=Erskine |first16=Holly E. |last17=Ferrari |first17=Alize J. |last18=Fitzmaurice |first18=Christina |last19=Fleming |first19=Tom |last20=Forouzanfar |first20=Mohammad H. |last21=Fullman |first21=Nancy |last22=Gething |first22=Peter W. |last23=Goldberg |first23=Ellen M. |last24=Graetz |first24=Nicholas |last25=Haagsma |first25=Juanita A. |last26=Hay |first26=Simon I. |last27=Johnson |first27=Catherine O. |last28=Kassebaum |first28=Nicholas J. |last29=Kawashima |first29=Toana |last30=Kemmer |first30=Laura}}</ref> Autism likely be caused by a combination of [[Heritability of autism|genetic]] den environmental factors,<ref name="Ch2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chaste P, Leboyer M |title=Autism risk factors: genes, environment, and gene-environment interactions |journal=Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=281–292 |date=September 2012 |pmid=23226953 |pmc=3513682 |doi=10.31887/DCNS.2012.14.3/pchaste }}</ref> plus genetic factors dem think to heavily predominate.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Tick B, Bolton P, Happé F, Rutter M, Rijsdijk F |title = Heritability of autism spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis of twin studies |journal=Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines |volume=57 |issue=5 |pages=585–595 |date=May 2016 |pmid=26709141 |pmc=4996332 |doi=10.1111/jcpp.12499 }}</ref> Certain environmental [[causes of autism]] dem propose dem meet plus controversy, such as de fraudulent vaccine hypothesis wey, although dem disprove, negatively impact vaccination rates among kiddies.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Taylor LE, Swerdfeger AL, Eslick GD |title=Vaccines are not associated with autism: an evidence-based meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies |journal=Vaccine |volume=32 |issue=29 |pages=3623–3629 |date=June 2014 |pmid=24814559 |doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.085 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors= Rutter M |title=Incidence of autism spectrum disorders: changes over time and their meaning |url= https://archive.org/details/sim_acta-paediatrica_2005-01_94_1/page/n3 |journal=Acta Paediatrica |volume=94 |issue=1 |pages=2–15 |date=January 2005 |pmid=15858952 |doi=10.1111/j.1651-2227.2005.tb01779.x |s2cid = 79259285 }}</ref><ref name="vaccines2">Vaccines and autism: * {{cite journal |vauthors=Doja A, Roberts W |date=November 2006 |title=Immunizations and autism: a review of the literature |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_canadian-journal-of-neurological-sciences_2006-11_33_4/page/341 |journal=The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. Le Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=341–346 |doi=10.1017/s031716710000528x |pmid=17168158 |doi-access=free}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Gerber JS, Offit PA |date=February 2009 |title=Vaccines and autism: a tale of shifting hypotheses |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-infectious-diseases_2009-02-15_48_4/page/456 |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |volume=48 |issue=4 |pages=456–461 |doi=10.1086/596476 |pmc=2908388 |pmid=19128068}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Gross L |date=May 2009 |title=A broken trust: lessons from the vaccine--autism wars |journal=PLOS Biology |volume=7 |issue=5 |doi=10.1371/journal.pbio.1000114 |pmc=2682483 |pmid=19478850 |doi-access=free |article-number=e1000114}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Paul R |date=June 2009 |title=Parents ask: Am I risking autism if I vaccinate my children? |journal=Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders |volume=39 |issue=6 |pages=962–963 |doi=10.1007/s10803-009-0739-y |pmid=19363650 |s2cid=34467853}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Poland GA, Jacobson RM |date=January 2011 |title=The age-old struggle against the antivaccinationists |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=364 |issue=2 |pages=97–99 |doi=10.1056/NEJMp1010594 |pmid=21226573 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Since de DSM-5/ICD-11, de term "autism" more commonly dey refer to de broader autism spectrum.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Keating |first=Connor Tom |last2=Hickman |first2=Lydia |last3=Leung |first3=Joan |last4=Monk |first4=Ruth |last5=Montgomery |first5=Alicia |last6=Heath |first6=Hannah |last7=Sowden |first7=Sophie |date=2022-12-06 |title=Autism-related language preferences of English-speaking individuals across the globe: A mixed methods investigation |journal=Autism Research |language=en |volume=16 |issue=2 |pages=406–428 |doi=10.1002/aur.2864 |hdl=2292/68400 |issn=1939-3792 |pmc=10946540 |pmid=36474364 |s2cid=254429317 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Autism |url=https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/conditions-and-diseases/mental-health-and-behavioural-conditions/autism |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330012429/https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/conditions-and-diseases/mental-health-and-behavioural-conditions/autism |archive-date=2023-03-30 |access-date=2022-03-17 |website=[[National Institute for Health and Care Excellence]] |place=UK}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Autism: a new introduction to psychological theory and current debates |vauthors=Fletcher-Watson S |date=2019 |others=Francesca Happé |isbn=978-1-315-10169-9 |edition=[New edition; Updated edition] |location=Abingdon, Oxon |oclc=1073035060}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Library resources box |by=no |onlinebooks=no |others=yes lcheading=Autism}}{{Subject bar|c=y|b=y|q=y|d=Q38404|n=Category:Autism|wikt=autism}} {{Pervasive developmental disorders}} {{Autism resources}} {{Nonverbal communication}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Autism|*]] [[Category:1910s neologisms]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Communication disorders]] [[Category:Pervasive developmental disorders]] 7msqaifchiu3wbdmr5khb5zw9zepfyi 0 26633 112401 97484 2026-09-24T18:58:06Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112401 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dracunculiasis''', dem sanso call '''Guinea-worm disease''', be a parasitic infection by de Guinea worm (''Dracunculus medinensis).'' A person cam be infected by drinking water dem contaminate plus Guinea-worm larvae wey dey reside insyd copepods (a type of small crustacean). Stomach acid dey digest de copepod den dey release de Guinea worm larva, wich dey penetrate de digestive tract den dey escape into de body. Around a year later, de adult female worm dey migrate to an exit site – usually de lower leg – den dey induce an intensely painful blister on de skin. Eventually, de blister bursts, wey dey create a painful wound from wich de worm gradually dey emerge over several weeks. De wound remain painful thru out de worm ein emergence, wey dey disable de affected person for de three to ten weeks e dey take de worm to emerge. De female worm release larvae wen de host submerge de wound insyd water in attempts to relieve de pain, thus dey continue de life cycle. Der be no [[medication]] to treat anaa prevent dracunculiasis. Instead, de mainstay of treatment be de careful wrapping of de emerging worm around a small stick anaa gauze to encourage den speed up ein exit. Each day, a few more centimeters of de worm emerge, den de stick be turned to maintain gentle tension. Too much tension fi break den kill de worm insyd de wound, wey dey cause severe pain den swelling. Dracunculiasis be a disease of extreme poverty, wey dey occur insyd places plus poor access to clean drinking water. Prevention efforts dey center on filtering drinking water to remove copepods as well as public education campaigns to discourage people from soaking affected limbs insyd sources of drinking water, as dis action dey allow de worms to spread dema larvae. Accounts consistent plus dracunculiasis dey appear in surviving documents from physicians of Greco-Roman antiquity. Insyd de 19th den early 20th centuries, dracunculiasis be widespread across much of [[Africa]] den South Asia, wey dey affect as many as 48&nbsp;million people per year. De effort to eradicate dracunculiasis begin insyd de 1980s dey follow de successful eradication of smallpox insyd 1977. By 1995, nearly every country plus endemic dracunculiasis establish a national eradication program. Insyd de ensuing years, dracunculiasis cases drop precipitously, wey dey fall below 100,000 cases per year insyd 1997, below 10,000 cases insyd 2007, below 1,000 cases insyd 2012, below 100 cases insyd 2015, den to 10 cases insyd 2025 per.<!-- two in South Sudan and four each in Chad and Ethiopia in 2025 --> Since 1986, 16 previously endemic countries eradicate dracunculiasis, wey dey leave de disease primarily endemic insyd three landlocked developing countries of central Africa{{snd}} [[Chad]], [[Ethiopia]] den [[South Sudan]]. Three additional countries remain to be certified as free of dracunculiasis transmission wey dem get no reported human cases since de end of 2023: [[Angola]], [[Mali]], den [[Sudan]]. One of dese, Sudan, be pre-certified buh no yet be confirmed free of transmissions. Additionally, although na [[Cameroon]] be certified free of internal transmission since 2007, e experience three cases since 2019 along ein border plus Chad. ''D.&nbsp;medinensis'' sanso fi infect dogs, cats, den baboons, though non-human cases sanso dey fall secof de eradication efforts. Oda ''Dracunculus'' species dey cause dracunculiasis insyd reptiles worldwide den insyd mammals insyd de Americas. Insyd 2020, de [[World Health Organization]] set 2027 as ein target date for eradication of dracunculiasis. If de eradication program succeed, dracunculiasis be expected to cam be tde second human disease to be eradicated, after smallpox. == References == * {{cite journal |vauthors=Biswas G, Sankara DP, Agua-Agum J, Maiga A |title=Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease): eradication without a drug or a vaccine |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B |volume=368 |issue=1623 |article-number=20120146 |date=August 2013 |pmid=23798694 |pmc=3720044 |doi=10.1098/rstb.2012.0146 }} * {{cite journal|vauthors=Callahan K, Bolton B, Hopkins DR, Ruiz-Tiben E, Withers PC, Meagley K |title=Contributions of the Guinea Worm Disease eradication campaign toward achievement of the Millennium Development Goals |date=30 May 2013 |doi=10.1371/journal.pntd.0002160 |journal=PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases|volume=7 |issue=5 |article-number=e2160 |pmid=23738022 |pmc=3667764 |doi-access=free }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Cleveland CA, Garrett KB, Cozad RA, Williams BM, Murray MH, Yabsley MJ |title=The wild world of Guinea Worms: A review of the genus ''Dracunculus'' in wildlife |journal=International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=289–300 |date=December 2018 |pmid=30094178 |pmc=6072916 |doi=10.1016/j.ijppaw.2018.07.002 |bibcode=2018IJPPW...7..289C }} * {{cite book |vauthors=Despommier DD, Griffin DO, Gwadz RW, Hotez PJ, Knirsch CA |chapter=25. ''Dracunculus medinensis'' |title=Parasitic Diseases |edition=7 |publisher=Parasites Without Borders |date=2019 |url=https://parasiteswithoutborders.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/PD7thEditionLowResVersion5-11-2019.pdf |access-date=26 January 2021 |pages=285–290 |archive-date=24 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124214329/https://parasiteswithoutborders.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/PD7thEditionLowResVersion5-11-2019.pdf |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Eberhard ML, Ruiz-Tiben E, Hopkins DR, Farrell C, Toe F, Weiss A, Withers PC, Jenks MH, Thiele EA, Cotton JA, Hance Z, Holroyd N, Cama VA, Tahir MA, Mounda T |title=The peculiar epidemiology of dracunculiasis in Chad |journal=American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |volume=90 |issue=1 |pages=61–70 |date=January 2014 |pmid=24277785 |pmc=3886430 |doi=10.4269/ajtmh.13-0554 }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Greenaway C |title=Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_canadian-medical-association-journal_2004-02-17_170_4/page/n64 |journal=Canadian Medical Association Journal |volume=170 |issue=4 |pages=495–500 |date=February 2004 |pmid=14970098 |pmc=332717 |doi= }} * {{cite book |vauthors=Grove DI |title=A History of Human Helminthology |publisher=[[Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International|C.A.B International]] |date=1990 |url=http://www.users.on.net/%7Edavid.grove/BOOK.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404043015/http://www.users.on.net/~david.grove/BOOK.PDF |archive-date=4 April 2015 |access-date=13 March 2022 |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Hopkins DR, Ruiz-Tiben E, Eberhard ML, Weiss A, Withers PC, Roy SL, Sienko DG |title=Dracunculiasis eradication: are we there yet? |journal=American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |volume=99 |issue=2 |pages=388–395 |date=August 2018 |pmid=29869608 |pmc=6090361 |doi=10.4269/ajtmh.18-0204 }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Hopkins DR, Weiss AJ, Roy SL, Yerian S, Cama VA |title=Progress toward global eradication of dracunculiasis, January 2020–June 2021 |journal=Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report |volume=70 |issue=44 |pages=1527–1533 |date=November 2021 |pmid=34735420 |pmc=8568094 |doi=10.15585/mmwr.mm7044a1 |url=}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Hopkins DR, Weiss AJ, Torres-Velez FJ, Sapp SG, Ijaz K |title=Dracunculiasis eradication: end-stage challenges |journal=American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |volume=107 |issue=2 |pages=373–382 |date=August 2022 |pmid=35895421 |doi=10.4269/ajtmh.22-0197 |url=|doi-access=free |pmc=9393450 }} * {{cite book|vauthors=Hotez PJ |title=Forgotten People, Forgotten Diseases: The Neglected Tropical Diseases and Their Impact on Global Health and Development |publisher=[[American Society for Microbiology]] (ASM) Press |date=2013 |pages=57–75 |chapter=The filarial infections: lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis) and dracunculiasis (Guinea worm) |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1128/9781555818753.ch4 |doi=10.1128/9781555818753.ch4 |isbn=978-1-55581-874-6 |url-access=subscription}} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Miller RL |title=Dqr, spinning and treatment of Guinea worm in P. Ebers 875 |journal=The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology |date=1989 |volume=75 |pages=249–254 |doi=10.2307/3821922 |jstor=3821922 }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Molyneux D, Sankara DP |title=Guinea worm eradication: Progress and challenges— should we beware of the dog? |journal=PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases |volume=11 |issue=4 |article-number=e0005495 |date=April 2017 |pmid=28426663 |pmc=5398503 |doi=10.1371/journal.pntd.0005495 |doi-access=free }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Ruiz-Tiben E, Hopkins DR |title=Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) eradication |journal=Advances in Parasitology |volume=61 |issue= |pages=275–309 |date=2006 |pmid=16735167 |doi=10.1016/S0065-308X(05)61007-X |isbn=978-0-12-031761-5 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0065308X0561007X |url-access=subscription}} * {{cite book|veditors=Spector JM, Gibson TE |chapter=Dracunculiasis |title=Atlas of Pediatrics in the Tropics and Resource-Limited Settings |pages=109–115 |edition=2 |publisher=[[American Academy of Pediatrics]] |isbn=978-1-58110-960-3 |date=2016}} * {{cite report |publisher=[[World Health Organization]] |title=Dracunculiasis eradication: global surveillance summary, 2021 |date=27 May 2022 |url=https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer9721-22-225-247 |access-date=29 July 2022 |ref={{harvid|WHO|2022}} |archive-date=29 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220729201051/https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer9721-22-225-247 |url-status=live }} == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dracunculiasis-(guinea-worm-disease) Dracunculiasis (Guinea-worm disease)] fact sheet published by the [[World Health Organization]] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20200814020531/https://cartercenter.org/health/guinea_worm/index.html Guinea Worm Disease Eradication Program]—Carter Center * [https://www.nytimes.com/video/opinion/1247467891260/anyak-vs-the-guinea-worm.html Anyak vs. the Guinea Worm]—Nicholas D. Kristof from ''[[The New York Times]]'' follows a young Sudanese boy with a Guinea worm parasite infection who is quarantined for treatment as part of the Carter Center program [[Category:Helminthiases]] [[Category:Infectious diseases plus eradication efforts]] [[Category:Rare infectious diseases]] [[Category:Tropical diseases]] [[Category:Waterborne diseases]] [[Category:Zoonoses]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 156xehj5bh1358srtgxatonpjien5o2 0 26643 112383 97429 2026-09-24T18:26:04Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112383 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Molluscum contagiosum''' ('''MC'''), dem sam times call '''water warts''', be a viral infection of de skin wey dey result in small raised pink lesions plus a dimple insyd de center.<ref name="CDC20152">{{cite web |date=11 May 2015 |title=Molluscum Contagiosum |url=https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170616211957/https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/ |archive-date=16 June 2017 |access-date=10 June 2017 |website=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC)}}</ref> Dem fi cam be itchy anaa sore, den dey occur singularly anaa insyd groups.<ref name="CDC20152" /> Any area of de skin fi be affected, plus abdomen, legs, arms, neck, genital area, den face be de most common.<ref name="CDC20152" /> Onset of de lesions be around seven weeks after infection.<ref name=Ramdass2015>{{cite journal|last1=Ramdass|first1=P|last2=Mullick|first2=S|last3=Farber|first3=HF|title=Viral Skin Diseases|journal=Primary Care|date=December 2015|volume=42|issue=4|pages=517–67|doi=10.1016/j.pop.2015.08.006|pmid=26612372|type=Review}}</ref> Dem usually go away within a year widout scarring.<ref name="CDC20152" /> De infection be caused by a poxvirus dem call de ''molluscum contagiosum virus'' (MCV).<ref name=CDC2015>{{cite web |title=Molluscum Contagiosum |url=https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/|website=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC)|access-date=10 June 2017|date=11 May 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170616211957/https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/|archive-date=16 June 2017}}</ref> De virus be spread either by direct contact, wey dey include sexual activity, anaa via contaminated objects such as towels.<ref name=CDC2015Tran>{{cite web|title=Transmission {{!}} Molluscum Contagiosum|url=https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/transmission.html|website=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |access-date=10 June 2017|date=11 May 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610150359/https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/transmission.html|archive-date=10 June 2017}}</ref> De condition sanso fi be spread to oda areas of de body by de person demaselves.<ref name=CDC2015Tran/> Risk factors dey include a weak immune system, [[atopic dermatitis]], den crowded living conditions.<ref name=CDC2015Risk>{{cite web|title=Risk Factors {{!}} Molluscum Contagiosum |url=https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/risk.html|website=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |access-date=10 June 2017|language=en-us|date=11 May 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610203738/https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/risk.html |archive-date=10 June 2017}}</ref> Following one infection, it is possible to get re-infected.<ref name=CDC2015Comp>{{cite web|title=Long Term Effects {{!}} Molluscum Contagiosum |url=https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/long-term-effects.html|website=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |access-date=10 June 2017|language=en-us|date=11 May 2015 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170617205755/https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/long-term-effects.html |archive-date=17 June 2017}}</ref> Diagnosis typically be based on de appearance of de lesions.<ref name=Ramdass2015/> Prevention dey include hand washing den no dey share personal items.<ref name=CDC2015Pre>{{cite web|title=Prevention {{!}} Molluscum Contagiosum |url=https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/prevention.html|website=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |access-date=10 June 2017|language=en-us|date=11 May 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170617205753/https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/prevention.html|archive-date=17 June 2017 }}</ref> While treatment no be necessary, sam fi wish to get de lesions removed for cosmetic reasons anaa to prevent spread.<ref name=CDC2015Tx>{{cite web |title=Treatment Options {{!}} Molluscum Contagiosum |url=https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/treatment.html |website=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |access-date=10 June 2017 |language=en-us |date=11 May 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170617205751/https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/treatment.html |archive-date=17 June 2017 }}</ref> Removal fi occur plus freezing, laser therapy, anaa opening up de lesion den scraping de insyd.<ref name="CDC2015Tx" /> Scraping de lesion fi, however, result in scarring.<ref name=CDC2015Comp/> De oral medication cimetidine, anaa podophyllotoxin cream dem apply to de skin, sanso fi be used for treatment.<ref name=CDC2015Tx/> Approximately 122&nbsp;million people globally be affected by molluscum contagiosum as of 2010 (1.8% of de population).<ref name=LancetEpi2012>{{cite journal|last1=Vos|first1=Theo|last2=Flaxman|first2=D|last3=Naghavi|first3=A|title=Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_december-15-2012-january-4-2013_380_9859/page/2163|journal=Lancet|date=December 2012|volume=380|issue=9859|pages=2163–96 |pmid=23245607|pmc=6350784|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61729-2|display-authors=etal}}</ref> E be more common insyd kiddies between de ages of one den ten years old.<ref name=CDC2015Risk/> De condition cam be more common insyd de [[United States]] since 1966.<ref name=CDC2015Risk/> Having an infection no be a reason to keep a kiddie out of school anaa daycare.<ref>{{cite web|title=Day Care Centers and Schools {{!}} Molluscum Contagiosum |url=https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/day_care.html|website=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |access-date=10 June 2017 |language=en-us|date=11 May 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170617205806/https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/day_care.html |archive-date=17 June 2017}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{commons}} * [https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/molluscum-contagiosum/ Molluscum contagiosum]—US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) * [http://www.viprbrc.org/brc/home.do?decorator=pox Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Poxviridae] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Molluscum Contagiosum}} [[Category:Poxviruses]] [[Category:Sexually transmitted infections]] [[Category:Virus-related cutaneous conditions]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] s85huz05juyck90dbjajwp0vo276ifo 0 26652 112311 110799 2026-09-24T16:36:08Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112311 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A '''gunshot wound''' ('''GSW''') be a penetrating injury wey a projectile cause (e.g., a bullet) dem shoot from a gun.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gunshot wound definition and meaning {{!}} Collins English Dictionary |url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/gunshot-wound |website=www.collinsdictionary.com |access-date=13 July 2019 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=Pt2019>{{cite web |title=Gunshot Injuries; Gunshot wounds (GSW) information |url=http://patient.info/doctor/gunshot-injuries |website=patient.info |access-date=13 July 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Damage fi include bleeding, bone fractures, organ damage, wound infection, den loss of de ability to move part of de body.<ref name="ADAM2019">{{cite web |title=Gunshot wounds - aftercare: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |url=https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000737.htm |website=medlineplus.gov |access-date=13 July 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Damage dey depend on de part of de body hit, de path de bullet dey follow thru (anaa into) de body, den de type den speed of de bullet.<ref name=Pt2019/> Insyd severe cases, although no be uncommon, de injury be fatal. Long-term complications fi include bowel obstruction, failure to thrive, neurogenic bladder den paralysis, recurrent cardiorespiratory distress den pneumothorax, hypoxic brain injury wey dey lead to early [[dementia]], amputations, chronic pain den pain plus light touch (hyperalgesia), deep venous thrombosis plus pulmonary embolus, limb swelling den debility, den lead poisoning.<ref name="ADAM2019" /><ref name=Ortho2019>{{cite web |title=Gun Shot Wounds - Trauma - Orthobullets |url=https://www.orthobullets.com/trauma/1059/gun-shot-wounds |website=www.orthobullets.com |access-date=13 July 2019}}</ref> Factors wey determine rates of gun violence dey vary by country.<ref name="GBD20162">{{cite journal |last1=Naghavi |first1=Mohsen |last2=Marczak |first2=Laurie |display-authors=etal |date=28 August 2018 |others=Global Burden of Disease 2016 Injury Collaborators. |title=Global Mortality From Firearms, 1990-2016 |url=https://archive.org/details/jama_2018-08-28_320_8/page/792 |journal=JAMA |volume=320 |issue=8 |pages=792–814 |doi=10.1001/jama.2018.10060 |pmc=6143020 |pmid=30167700}}</ref> Dese factors fi include de illegal drug trade, easy access to firearms, substance misuse wey dey include alcohol, mental health problems, firearm laws, social attitudes, economic differences, den occupations such as being a police officer.<ref name="GBD20162" /><ref name=Bra2016>{{cite journal |last1=Branas |first1=CC |last2=Han |first2=S |last3=Wiebe |first3=DJ |title=Alcohol Use and Firearm Violence |journal=Epidemiologic Reviews |date=2016 |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=32–45 |doi=10.1093/epirev/mxv010 |pmid=26811427|pmc=4762248 }}</ref> Wer guns be more common, altercations more often dey end in death;<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cukier |first1=W |last2=Eagen |first2=SA |title=Gun violence. |journal=Current Opinion in Psychology |date=February 2018 |volume=19 |pages=109–112 |doi=10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.04.008 |pmid=29279206|s2cid=20214015 }}</ref> however, firearm laws, particularly background checks den permit to purchase, fi decrease dis risk.<ref name=Lee2017>{{cite journal |last1=Lee |first1=LK |last2=Fleegler |first2=EW |last3=Farrell |first3=C |last4=Avakame |first4=E |last5=Srinivasan |first5=S |last6=Hemenway |first6=D |last7=Monuteaux |first7=MC |title=Firearm Laws and Firearm Homicides: A Systematic Review. |journal=JAMA Internal Medicine |date=1 January 2017 |volume=177 |issue=1 |pages=106–119 |doi=10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.7051 |pmid=27842178|s2cid=205119294 }}</ref> Safer firearm storage fi decrease de risk of firearm-related deaths insyd kiddies.<ref name=San2016>{{cite journal |last1=Santaella-Tenorio |first1=J |last2=Cerdá |first2=M |last3=Villaveces |first3=A |last4=Galea |first4=S |title=What Do We Know About the Association Between Firearm Legislation and Firearm-Related Injuries? |journal=Epidemiologic Reviews |date=2016 |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=140–57 |doi=10.1093/epirev/mxv012 |pmid=26905895|pmc=6283012 }}</ref> Before management begin, de area for be verified as safe.<ref name=Bre2017/> Dis be followed by stopping major bleeding, then assessing den supporting de airway, breathing, den circulation.<ref name=Bre2017>{{cite book |last1=Breeze |first1=John |last2=Penn-Barwell |first2=Jowan G. |last3=Keene |first3=Damian |last4=O'Reilly |first4=David |last5=Jeyanathan |first5=Jeyasankar |last6=Mahoney |first6=Peter F. |title=Ballistic Trauma: A Practical Guide |date=2017 |publisher=Springer |isbn=9783319613642 |page=75 |edition=4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3Zc6DwAAQBAJ&pg=PP75 |language=en}}</ref> Insyd 2015, about a million gunshot wounds occur from interpersonal violence.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2016-10-08 |title=Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 |url=https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5055577/ |journal=Lancet (London, England) |volume=388 |issue=10053 |pages=1545–1602 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6 |issn=1474-547X |pmc=5055577 |pmid=27733282}}</ref> Insyd 2016, firearms result in 251,000 deaths globally, up from 209,000 insyd 1990.<ref name=GBD2016>{{cite journal |others=Global Burden of Disease 2016 Injury Collaborators. |last1=Naghavi |first1=Mohsen |last2=Marczak |first2=Laurie |display-authors=etal |title=Global Mortality From Firearms, 1990-2016 |url=https://archive.org/details/jama_2018-08-28_320_8/page/792 |journal=JAMA |date=28 August 2018 |volume=320 |issue=8 |pages=792–814 |doi=10.1001/jama.2018.10060 |pmid=30167700|pmc=6143020 }}</ref> Of dese deaths, 161,000 (64%) be de result of assault, 67,500 (27%) be de result of [[suicide]], den 23,000 (9%) be accidents.<ref name=GBD2016/> Insyd de [[United States]], guns result in about 40,000 deaths insyd 2017.<ref name=AIM2019>{{cite journal |last1=McLean |first1=Robert M. |last2=Harris |first2=Patrice |last3=Cullen |first3=John |last4=Maier |first4=Ronald V. |last5=Yasuda |first5=Kyle E. |last6=Schwartz |first6=Bruce J. |last7=Benjamin |first7=Georges C. |title=Firearm-Related Injury and Death in the United States: A Call to Action From the Nation's Leading Physician and Public Health Professional Organizations |journal=Annals of Internal Medicine |date=7 August 2019 |doi=10.7326/M19-2441|pmid=31390463 |volume=171 |issue=8 |pages=573–577 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Firearm-related deaths be most common insyd males between de ages of 20 den 24 years.<ref name=GBD2016/> Dem estimate economic costs secof gunshot wounds at $140 billion a year insyd de United States.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rhee |first1=PM |last2=Moore |first2=EE |last3=Joseph |first3=B |last4=Tang |first4=A |last5=Pandit |first5=V |last6=Vercruysse |first6=G |title=Gunshot wounds: A review of ballistics, bullets, weapons, and myths |journal=The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery |date=June 2016 |volume=80 |issue=6 |pages=853–67 |doi=10.1097/TA.0000000000001037 |pmid=26982703}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://radiology.rsna.org/content/240/2/522.full Virtual Autopsy – CT scans of fatal gunshot wounds] * [http://patient.info/doctor/gunshot-injuries Patient.info] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Medical emergencies]] [[Category:Causes of death]] [[Category:Injuries]] [[Category:Ballistics]] [[Category:Gun violence]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 1imvtll755zwmws4k3owrh3whu47wub 0 26660 112409 110640 2026-09-24T19:08:06Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112409 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Serotonin syndrome''' ('''SS'''<ref name="Scotton Hill Williams Barnes 2019 p=1178646919873922">{{cite journal |last1=Scotton |first1=William J |last2=Hill |first2=Lisa J |last3=Williams |first3=Adrian C |last4=Barnes |first4=Nicholas M |year=2019 |title=Serotonin Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Clinical Features, Management, and Potential Future Directions |journal=International Journal of Tryptophan Research |publisher=SAGE Publications |volume=12 |page=117864691987392 |doi=10.1177/1178646919873925 |issn=1178-6469 |pmc=6734608 |pmid=31523132 |article-number=1178646919873925}}</ref>) dey consist of a group of symptoms wey fi occur plus de use of certain serotonergic medications anaa drugs.<ref name="Fer2016">{{cite book|last1=Ferri|first1=Fred F.|title=Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017: 5 Books in 1|date=2016|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0-323-44838-3|pages=1154–1155|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rRhCDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1154|language=en}}</ref> De symptoms fi range from mild to severe, wey be potentially fatal.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=New|first1=Andrea M.|last2=Nelson|first2=Sarah|last3=Leung|first3=Jonathan G.|date=2015-10-01|editor-last=Alexander|editor-first=Earnest|editor2-last=Susla|editor2-first=Gregory M.|title=Psychiatric Emergencies in the Intensive Care Unit|url=https://aacnjournals.org/aacnacconline/article/26/4/285/15256/Psychiatric-Emergencies-in-the-Intensive-Care-Unit|journal=AACN Advanced Critical Care|language=en|volume=26|issue=4|pages=285–293|doi=10.4037/NCI.0000000000000104|pmid=26484986|issn=1559-7768|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>Boyer EW , Shannon M . The serotonin syndrome . N Engl J Med. 2005 ; 352 ( 11 ): 1112-1120</ref><ref name="Vol2013" /> Symptoms insyd mild cases dey include high blood pressure den a fast heart rate, usually widout a fever.<ref name="Vol2013" /> Symptoms insyd moderate cases dey include high body temperature, agitation, overactive reflexes, tremor, sweating, dilated pupils, den [[diarrhea]].<ref name="Fer2016" /><ref name="Vol2013">{{cite journal | vauthors = Volpi-Abadie J, Kaye AM, Kaye AD | title = Serotonin syndrome | journal = The Ochsner Journal | volume = 13 | issue = 4 | pages = 533–40 | date = 2013 | pmid = 24358002 | pmc = 3865832 }}</ref> Insyd severe cases, body temperature fi increase to greater dan {{convert|41.1|C|F|1}}.<ref name="Vol2013" /> Complications fi include seizures den [[rhabdomyolysis|extensive muscle breakdown]].<ref name="Vol2013" /> Serotonin syndrome typically be caused by de use of two anaa more serotonergic medications anaa drugs.<ref name=Vol2013/> Dese fi include [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor]]s (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), amphetamines, pethidine (meperidine), [[tramadol]], [[dextromethorphan]], [[buspirone]], {{nowrap|L-tryptophan}}, {{nowrap|5-hydroxytryptophan}}, St. John's wort, triptans, [[MDMA]], metoclopramide, anaa [[cocaine]].<ref name=Vol2013/> E dey occur insyd about 15% of SSRI overdoses.<ref name="Dom20132">{{cite book |last1=Domino |first1=Frank J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2C2MAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1124 |title=The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2014 |last2=Baldor |first2=Robert A. |date=2013 |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |isbn=978-1-4511-8850-9 |page=1124 |language=en}}</ref> E be a predictable consequence of excess serotonin on de central nervous system.<ref name="BoyerShannon2005">{{cite journal | vauthors = Boyer EW, Shannon M | title = The serotonin syndrome | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 352 | issue = 11 | pages = 1112–1120 | date = March 2005 | pmid = 15784664 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMra041867 | url = http://toxicology.ucsd.edu/art%203%20serotonin%20syndrome.pdf | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130618053344/http://toxicology.ucsd.edu/art%203%20serotonin%20syndrome.pdf | url-status = live | archive-date = 2013-06-18 | author-link2 = Michael Shannon (pediatrician) }}</ref> Onset of symptoms typically be within a day of de extra serotonin.<ref name=Vol2013/> Diagnosis dey base on a person ein symptoms den history of medication use.<ref name=Vol2013/> Oda conditions wey fi produce similar symptoms such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome, malignant hyperthermia, anticholinergic toxicity, heat stroke, den [[meningitis]] for be ruled out.<ref name=Vol2013/> As of 2013, no laboratory tests dey exist wey fi confirm de diagnosis.<ref name=Vol2013/> Initial treatment dey consist of discontinuing medications wich fi be contributing.<ref name=Fer2016/> Insyd those wey be agitated, benzodiazepines fi be used.<ref name=Fer2016/> If dis no be sufficient, a serotonin antagonist such as cyproheptadine fi be used.<ref name=Fer2016/> Insyd those plus a high body temperature, active cooling measures fi be needed.<ref name=Fer2016/> De number of cases of serotonin syndrome wey dey occur each year be unclear.<ref name=Dom2013>{{cite book|last1=Domino|first1=Frank J.|last2=Baldor|first2=Robert A.|title=The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2014|date=2013|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=978-1-4511-8850-9|page=1124|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2C2MAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1124|language=en}}</ref> Plus appropriate medical intervention de risk of death be low, likely less dan 1%.<ref name=Fri2015>{{cite book|last1=Friedman|first1=Joseph H.|title=Medication-Induced Movement Disorders|date=2015|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-06600-7|page=51|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BqymCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA51|language=en}}</ref> De high-profile case of Libby Zion, wey be generally accepted dem die from serotonin syndrome, result in changes to graduate medical school education insyd New York State.<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /><ref name=Bre1998>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brensilver JM, Smith L, Lyttle CS | title = Impact of the Libby Zion case on graduate medical education in internal medicine | journal = The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, New York | volume = 65 | issue = 4 | pages = 296–300 | date = September 1998 | pmid = 9757752 }}</ref> ==Signs den symptoms== [[File:ClonusfromSS (edited).webm|thumb|upright=1.5|Clonus dem see insyd a person plus serotonin syndrome]] De symptoms be often present as a clinical triad of abnormalities wey fi be used to assess de severity of serotonin syndrome:<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /><ref name="Dunkley2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dunkley EJ, Isbister GK, Sibbritt D, Dawson AH, Whyte IM |date=September 2003 |title=The Hunter Serotonin Toxicity Criteria: simple and accurate diagnostic decision rules for serotonin toxicity |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_qjm_2003-09_96_9/page/635 |journal=QJM |volume=96 |issue=9 |pages=635–642 |doi=10.1093/qjmed/hcg109 |pmid=12925718 |doi-access=free}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+Serotonin syndrome severity assessment scale<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /><ref name="Dunkley2" /> !Severity !Autonomic effects !Neurological (somatic) signs !Mental status !Oda symptoms |- !mild | * absent anaa low-grade fever * tachycardia * mydriasis * excessive sweating * shivering | * intermittent tremor * akathisia * myoclonus * mild hyperreflexia | * restlessness * anxiety | |- !moderate | * increased tachycardia * fever up to 41&nbsp;°C * nausea * diarrhea * hyperactive bowel sounds * excessive sweating * vasoconstriction | * moderate hyperreflexia * inducible clonus * ocular clonus (slow continuous eye movements) * myoclonus (muscle twitching) | * easily induced startle response * confusion * agitation * hypervigilance | * rhabdomyolysis * metabolic acidosis * renal failure * disseminated intravascular coagulopathy |- !severe | * temperature higher than 41&nbsp;°C (wey increased muscle tone cause) | * increased muscle tone, wich be more severe insyd lower limbs * spontaneous clonus * intense myoclonus * severe hyperreflexia | * delirium * coma |as above |} ==Causes== Chaw medications den street drugs fi cause serotonin syndrome wen dem take dem alone at high doses anaa in combination plus oda serotonergic agents. De table below dey list sam of dese. {| class="wikitable" |- !Class !Drugs wey fi induce serotonin syndrome |- |Antidepressants |Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs),<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs),<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> [[Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor|SSRI]]s,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> SNRIs,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> nefazodone,<ref name="Ener">{{cite journal|vauthors=Ener RA, Meglathery SB, Van Decker WA, Gallagher RM |title=Serotonin syndrome and other serotonergic disorders |journal=Pain Medicine |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=63–74 |date=March 2003 |pmid=12873279 |doi=10.1046/j.1526-4637.2003.03005.x |doi-access= free }}</ref> [[trazodone]]<ref name="Ener"/> |- |Opioids |Dextropropoxyphene,<ref name="National Prescribing Service" /> [[tramadol]],<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> tapentadol, pethidine (meperidine),<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> [[fentanyl]],<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> pentazocine,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> [[buprenorphine]]<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Isenberg D, Wong SC, Curtis JA |title=Serotonin syndrome triggered by a single dose of suboxone |journal=American Journal of Emergency Medicine |volume=26 |issue=7 |pages=840.e3–5 |date=September 2008 |pmid=18774063 |doi=10.1016/j.ajem.2008.01.039 }}</ref> [[oxycodone]],<ref name="Gnanadesigan">{{cite journal|vauthors= Gnanadesigan N, Espinoza RT, Smith RL |title=The serotonin syndrome |url= https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2005-06-09_352_23/page/2454 |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |volume=352 |issue=23 |pages=2454–2456 |date=June 2005 |pmid=15948273 |doi=10.1056/NEJM200506093522320}}</ref> [[hydrocodone]]<ref name="Gnanadesigan"/> |- |Stimulants den entactogens |[[MDMA]],<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> MDA,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> AMT,<ref name="WHO2014">{{Cite report |title=Alpha-methyltryptamine (AMT) – Critical Review Report |date=20 June 2014 |publisher=World Health Organisation – Expert Committee on Drug Dependence |publication-date=2014-06-20 |url=https://legal-high-inhaltsstoffe.de/sites/default/files/uploads/amt.pdf |access-date=2019-11-18}}</ref> caffeine,<ref name="h020">{{cite web | last=Taylor | first=Marygrace | title=Does the Caffeine in Your Coffee, Tea, or Soft Drinks Interfere With Antidepressants? | website=HealthCentral | date=2009-05-12 | url=https://www.healthcentral.com/article/coffee-tea-not-good-maintaining-antidepressants-system | access-date=2024-06-30}}</ref> [[methamphetamine]],<ref name="Schep">{{cite journal|vauthors=Schep LJ, Slaughter RJ, Beasley DM |title=The clinical toxicology of metamfetamine |journal=Clinical Toxicology |volume=48 |issue=7 |pages=675–694 |date=August 2010 |pmid=20849327 |doi= 10.3109/15563650.2010.516752|s2cid=42588722 }}</ref> [[lisdexamfetamine]],<ref>{{Cite news| url= http://www.rxlist.com/vyvanse-drug/side-effects-interactions.htm |title=Vyvanse (Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate) Drug Information: Side Effects and Drug Interactions – Prescribing Information |work= RxList.com |access-date=2017-03-22 |language=en| url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170325051612/http://www.rxlist.com/vyvanse-drug/side-effects-interactions.htm|archive-date=2017-03-25}}</ref> amphetamine,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.rxlist.com/adderall-drug/side-effects-interactions.htm|title=Adderall (Amphetamine, Dextroamphetamine Mixed Salts) Drug Information: Side Effects and Drug Interactions – Prescribing Information |work=RxList|access-date=2017-03-22|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170323053309/http://www.rxlist.com/adderall-drug/side-effects-interactions.htm|archive-date=2017-03-23}}</ref> phentermine,<ref name="National Prescribing Service">{{cite web |year=2005 |title=Prescribing Practice Review 32: Managing depression in primary care |publisher=National Prescribing Service Limited |url=http://www.nps.org.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/16971/ppr32.pdf |access-date=16 July 2006 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110727175404/http://www.nps.org.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/16971/ppr32.pdf |archive-date=27 July 2011 }}</ref> amfepramone (diethylpropion),<ref name="National Prescribing Service"/> sibutramine,<ref name= "BoyerShannon2005"/> [[methylphenidate]],<ref name= "National Prescribing Service"/> [[cocaine]]<ref name="National Prescribing Service"/> |- |5-HT₁ agonists |Triptans<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /><ref name="National Prescribing Service"/> |- |Psychedelics | NBOMes (e.g., 25I-NBOMe)<ref name="Thomas2024">{{cite book | vauthors = Thomas K | title=Toxicology and Pharmacological Interactions of Classic Psychedelics | series=Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences | publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg | publication-place=Berlin, Heidelberg | date=2024 | doi=10.1007/7854_2024_508 | url=https://link.springer.com/10.1007/7854_2024_508 | access-date=14 May 2025 | page=| pmid=39042251 }}</ref> |- |Herbs |St John's wort,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> Syrian rue,<ref name= "BoyerShannon2005"/> ''Panax'' ginseng,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> nutmeg,<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Braun U, Kalbhen DA |title=Evidence for the Biogenic Formation of Amphetamine Derivatives from Components of Nutmeg |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_pharmacology_1973_9_5/page/312 |journal=Pharmacology |volume=9 |issue=5 |pages=312–316 |date=October 1973 |pmid=4737998 |doi=10.1159/000136402 }}</ref> yohimbe<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.erowid.org/plants/yohimbe/yohimbe_info1.shtml |title=Erowid Yohimbe Vaults: Notes on Yohimbine by William White, 1994 |publisher= | website= Erowid.org |access-date=2013-01-28 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130126141846/http://www.erowid.org/plants/yohimbe/yohimbe_info1.shtml |archive-date=2013-01-26 }}</ref> |- |Others |Tryptophan,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> {{small|L}}-DOPA, valproate,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> [[buspirone]],<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> lithium,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> linezolid,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Steinberg M, Morin AK |title= Mild serotonin syndrome associated with concurrent linezolid and fluoxetine |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-health-system-pharmacy_2007-01-01_64_1/page/59 |journal=American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages= 59–62 |date=January 2007 |pmid=17189581 |doi=10.2146/ajhp060227}}</ref> [[dextromethorphan]],<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> {{nowrap|5-hydroxytryptophan}},<ref name="Ener"/> chlorpheniramine,<ref name="National Prescribing Service"/> [[risperidone]],<ref name="pmid12639169">{{cite journal|vauthors=Karki SD, Masood GR |title=Combination risperidone and SSRI-induced serotonin syndrome |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_annals-of-pharmacotherapy_2003-03_37_3/page/388 |journal=Annals of Pharmacotherapy |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=388–391 |year=2003 |pmid=12639169 |doi=10.1345/aph.1C228|s2cid=36677580 }}</ref> [[olanzapine]],<ref name="Verre">{{cite journal |vauthors=Verre M, Bossio F, Mammone A, etal |title=Serotonin syndrome caused by olanzapine and clomipramine |journal=Minerva Anestesiologica |volume=74 |issue=1–2 |pages=41–45 |year=2008 |pmid=18004234 |url= http://www.minervamedica.it/index2.t?show=R02Y2008N01A0041 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090108231948/http://www.minervamedica.it/index2.t?show=R02Y2008N01A0041 |archive-date=2009-01-08 }}</ref> [[ondansetron]],<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> granisetron,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> metoclopramide,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> ritonavir,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> metaxalone,<ref name="BoyerShannon2005" /> [[methylene blue]]<ref name="pmid 17721552">{{cite journal|vauthors= Ramsay RR, Dunford C, Gillman PK |title=Methylene blue and serotonin toxicity: inhibition of monoamine oxidase A (MAO A) confirms a theoretical prediction |journal= Br J Pharmacol |volume=152 |issue=6 |pages= 946–51 |year=2007 |pmid=17721552 |doi= 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707430 |pmc=2078225 }}</ref> |} == References == <references /> == External links == * [http://www.nejm.org/action/showImage?doi=10.1056%2FNEJMra041867&iid=f02 Image demonstrating findings in moderately severe serotonin syndrome] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829054104/https://www.nejm.org/action/showImage?doi=10.1056%2FNEJMra041867&iid=f02 |date=2021-08-29 }} from {{cite journal|vauthors=Boyer EW, Shannon M |title=The serotonin syndrome |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2005-03-17_352_11/page/1112 |journal=N Engl J Med |volume=352 |issue=11 |pages=1112–20 |year=2005 |pmid=15784664 |doi=10.1056/NEJMra041867|s2cid=37959124 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Serotonin Syndrome}} [[Category:Neuropharmacology]] [[Category:Clinical pharmacology]] [[Category:Rare syndromes]] [[Category:Adverse effects of psychoactive drugs]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] gbl98clfmns5mpo9d49z5k2y3j3ubq8 0 26666 112485 110620 2026-09-25T00:57:17Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112485 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Gastroesophageal reflux disease''' ('''GERD''') anaa '''gastro-oesophageal reflux disease''' ('''GORD''') be a chronic upper gastrointestinal disease insyd wich stomach content persistently den regularly flow up into de esophagus, wey dey result in symptoms den/anaa complications.<ref name="NIH20142">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2015 |title=Acid Reflux (GER & GERD) in Adults |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/acid-reflux-ger-gerd-adults/all-content |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222022538/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/acid-reflux-ger-gerd-adults/all-content |archive-date=22 February 2020 |access-date=21 February 2020 |website=[[National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases]] (NIDDK)}}</ref><ref name="Kah2008">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Kahrilas PJ, Shaheen NJ, Vaezi MF |date=October 2008 |title=American Gastroenterological Association Institute technical review on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=135 |issue=4 |pages=1392–1413, 1413.e1–5 |doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2008.08.044 |pmid=18801365 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Parker |first=Melinda |date=June 2010 |title=Book Review: Krause's Food and Nutrition TherapyMahanLKEscott-StumpS. Krause's Food and Nutrition Therapy. 12th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; (2007). 1376 pp, $149.95. ISBN: 978-1-4160-3401-8. |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nutrition-in-clinical-practice_2010-06_25_3/page/314 |journal=Nutrition in Clinical Practice |volume=25 |issue=3 |page=314 |doi=10.1177/0884533610362901 |issn=0884-5336}}</ref> Symptoms dey include dental corrosion, dysphagia, heartburn, odynophagia, regurgitation, non-cardiac chest pain, extraesophageal symptoms such as chronic cough, hoarseness, reflux-induced laryngitis, anaa [[asthma]].<ref name=":2" /> Insyd de long term, den wen no be treated, complications such as esophagitis, esophageal stricture, den Barrett's esophagus fi arise.<ref name="NIH20142" /> Risk factors dey include [[obesity]], [[pregnancy]], smoking, hiatal hernia, den dey take certain medications. Medications wey fi cause anaa worsen de disease dey include benzodiazepines, calcium channel blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, NSAIDs, den certain asthma medicines. Acid reflux be secof poor closure of de lower esophageal sphincter, wich be at de junction between de stomach den de esophagus. Diagnosis among those wey no dey improve plus simpler measures fi involve gastroscopy, upper GI series, esophageal pH monitoring, anaa esophageal manometry.<ref name="NIH2014">{{Cite web |date=5 November 2015 |title=Acid Reflux (GER & GERD) in Adults |url=https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/acid-reflux-ger-gerd-adults/all-content |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222022538/https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/acid-reflux-ger-gerd-adults/all-content |archive-date=22 February 2020 |access-date=21 February 2020 |website=[[National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases]] (NIDDK)}}</ref> Treatment options dey include lifestyle changes, medications, den sam times surgery give those wey no dey improve plus de first two measures. Lifestyle changes dey include no dey lie down for three hours after eating, lying down on de left side, raising de pillow anaa bedhead height, losing weight, den stop dey blaze.<ref name="NIH2014" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 April 2019 |title=Best Sleeping Position For Acid Reflux: The Gerd Sleeping Position |url=https://www.sleepscore.com/the-one-sleeping-position-to-avoid-for-acid-reflux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210426142440/https://www.sleepscore.com/the-one-sleeping-position-to-avoid-for-acid-reflux/ |archive-date=26 April 2021 |access-date=26 April 2021 |website=SleepScore |language=en-US}}</ref> Foods wey fi precipitate GERD symptoms dey include coffee, alcohol, chocolate, fatty foods, acidic foods, den spicy foods.<ref name="AGA20082">{{Cite journal |display-authors=3 |vauthors=Kahrilas PJ, Shaheen NJ, Vaezi MF, Hiltz SW, Black E, Modlin IM, Johnson SP, Allen J, Brill JV |date=October 2008 |title=American Gastroenterological Association Medical Position Statement on the management of gastroesophageal reflux disease |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=135 |issue=4 |pages=1383–91, 1391.e1–5 |doi=10.1053/j.gastro.2008.08.045 |pmid=18789939 |doi-access=free}} </ref> Medications dey include antacids, H₂ receptor blockers, proton pump inhibitors, den prokinetics.<ref name=NIH2014/><ref name="Her2011">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hershcovici T, Fass R |date=April 2011 |title=Pharmacological management of GERD: where does it stand now? |journal=Trends in Pharmacological Sciences |volume=32 |issue=4 |pages=258–64 |doi=10.1016/j.tips.2011.02.007 |pmid=21429600}}</ref> Insyd de Western world, between 10 den 20% of de population be affected by GERD.<ref name=Her2011/> E be highly prevalent insyd [[North America]], plus 18% to 28% of de population dey suffer from de condition.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=El-Serag |first1=Hashem B |last2=Sweet |first2=Stephen |last3=Winchester |first3=Christopher C |last4=Dent |first4=John |date=June 2014 |title=Update on the epidemiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review |journal=Gut |language=en |volume=63 |issue=6 |pages=871–880 |doi=10.1136/gutjnl-2012-304269 |issn=0017-5749 |pmc=4046948 |pmid=23853213}}</ref> Occasional gastroesophageal reflux widout troublesome symptoms anaa complications even be more common.<ref name=NIH2014/> De classic symptoms of GERD be first described insyd 1925, wen Friedenwald den Feldman comment on heartburn den ein possible relationship to a hiatal hernia.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Granderath |first1=Frank Alexander |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wbV09gYB6DkC&pg=PA161 |title=Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Principles of Disease, Diagnosis, and Treatment |last2=Kamolz |first2=Thomas |last3=Pointner |first3=Rudolph |date=2006 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-3-211-32317-5 |page=161 |access-date=28 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101062858/https://books.google.com/books?id=wbV09gYB6DkC&pg=PA161 |archive-date=1 January 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd 1934, gastroenterologist Asher Winkelstein describe reflux den attribute de symptoms to stomach acid.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Arcangelo |first1=Virginia Poole |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EaP1yJz4fkEC&pg=PA372 |title=Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice: A Practical Approach |last2=Peterson |first2=Andrew M. |date=2006 |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |isbn=978-0-7817-5784-3 |page=372 |access-date=28 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200105150606/https://books.google.com/books?id=EaP1yJz4fkEC&pg=PA372 |archive-date=5 January 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{Cite journal |display-authors=3 |vauthors=Lichtenstein DR, Cash BD, Davila R, Baron TH, Adler DG, Anderson MA, Dominitz JA, Gan SI, Harrison ME, Ikenberry SO, Qureshi WA, Rajan E, Shen B, Zuckerman MJ, Fanelli RD, VanGuilder T |date=August 2007 |title=Role of endoscopy in the management of GERD |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308114724/https://www.asge.org/docs/default-source/education/practice_guidelines/doc-endoscopy_in_the_managment_of_gerd.pdf |journal=[[Gastrointestinal Endoscopy]] |volume=66 |issue=2 |pages=219–24 |doi=10.1016/j.gie.2007.05.027 |pmid=17643692}} ** {{cite web |title=Role of endoscopy in the management of GERD |website=National Guideline Clearinghouse |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160706045032/http://www.guideline.gov/content.aspx?id=12023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100928094032/https://www.guideline.gov/content.aspx?id=12023 |archive-date=28 September 2010}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Hirano I, Richter JE |date=March 2007 |title=ACG practice guidelines: esophageal reflux testing |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-gastroenterology_2007-03_102_3/page/668 |journal=American Journal of Gastroenterology |volume=102 |issue=3 |pages=668–85 |citeseerx=10.1.1.619.3818 |doi=10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00936.x |pmid=17335450 |s2cid=10854440}} * {{Cite journal |vauthors=Katz PO, Gerson LB, Vela MF |date=March 2013 |title=Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease |journal=American Journal of Gastroenterology |volume=108 |issue=3 |pages=308–28 |doi=10.1038/ajg.2012.444 |pmid=23419381 |doi-access=free}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Medical conditions wey relate to obesity]] [[Category:Stomach disorders]] [[Category:Gastrointestinal motility disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 85fn35wsawy35r3brq1dufpg3m2ules 0 26675 112344 108421 2026-09-24T17:23:02Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112344 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Phenobarbital''', dem sanso know as '''phenobarbitone''', dem sell under de brand name '''Luminal''' among odas, be a [[medication]] of de barbiturate type.<ref name="AHFS20152">{{cite web |title=Phenobarbital |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/phenobarbital.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906225702/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/phenobarbital.html |archive-date=6 September 2015 |access-date=14 August 2015 |publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}</ref> E be recommended by de [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) for de treatment of certain types of [[epilepsy]] insyd developing countries.<ref name=Ila2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ilangaratne NB, Mannakkara NN, Bell GS, Sander JW | title = Phenobarbital: missing in action | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_world-health-organization-bulletin_2012-12_90_12/page/871 | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 90 | issue = 12 | pages = 871–871A | date = December 2012 | pmid = 23284189 | pmc = 3524964 | doi = 10.2471/BLT.12.113183 }}</ref> Insyd de developed world, e be commonly used to treat seizures insyd young kiddies,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Brodie MJ, Kwan P | title = Current position of phenobarbital in epilepsy and its future | journal = Epilepsia | volume = 53 | issue = Suppl 8 | pages = 40–46 | date = December 2012 | pmid = 23205961 | doi = 10.1111/epi.12027 | s2cid = 25553143 | doi-access = free }}</ref> while oda medications be generally used insyd older kiddies den adults.<ref>{{cite web | author = National Clinical Guideline Centre (UK) | title = The Epilepsies: The Diagnosis and Management of the Epilepsies in Adults and Children in Primary and Secondary Care: Pharmacological Update of Clinical Guideline 20. | series = National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence: Guidance | location = London | publisher = Royal College of Physicians (UK) | date = January 2012 | pmid = 25340221 | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK247130/ | via = PubMed | access-date = 30 October 2022 | archive-date = 8 November 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221108092313/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK247130/ | url-status = live }}</ref> E sanso be used for veterinary purposes.<ref name = Dewey>{{cite book| vauthors = Thomas WB| chapter = Seizures and narcolepsy| veditors = Dewey CW | title = A Practical Guide to Canine and Feline Neurology| url = https://archive.org/details/practicalguideto0000unse_p9j8| publisher = Iowa State Press| location = Ames, Iowa| year = 2003| isbn = 978-0-8138-1249-6}}</ref> E fi be administered by slow intravenous infusion (IV infusion), intramuscularly (IM), anaa orally (dem swallow by mouth). Subcutaneous administration no be recommended.<ref name="AHFS2015" /> De IV anaa IM (injectable forms) fi be used to treat status epilepticus if oda drugs fail to achieve satisfactory results.<ref name="AHFS2015" /> Phenobarbital occasionally be used to treat [[insomnia]], [[anxiety disorder|anxiety]], den benzodiazepine withdrawal (as well as withdrawal from certain oda drugs insyd specific circumstances), den prior to surgery as an anxiolytic den to induce sedation.<ref name="AHFS2015">{{cite web|title=Phenobarbital|url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/phenobarbital.html|publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists|access-date=14 August 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906225702/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/phenobarbital.html|archive-date=6 September 2015}}</ref> E usually begin dey work within five minutes wen dem use intravenously den half an hour wen dem administer orally.<ref name="AHFS2015" /> Ein effects dey last for between four hours den two days.<ref name="AHFS2015" /><ref name="Marx2010">{{cite book| vauthors = Marx JA |title=Rosen's emergency medicine: concepts and clinical practice|date=2010|publisher=Mosby/Elsevier|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-323-05472-0|page=1352|edition=7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u7TNcpCeqx8C&pg=PA1352|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305025648/https://books.google.ca/books?id=u7TNcpCeqx8C&pg=PA1352|archive-date=5 March 2016}}</ref> Potentially serious side effects dey include a decreased level of consciousness den respiratory depression.<ref name=AHFS2015 /> Der be potential for both abuse den [[drug withdrawal|withdrawal]] dey follow long-term use.<ref name=AHFS2015 /> E sanso fi increase de risk of [[suicide]].<ref name=AHFS2015 /> E be pregnancy category D insyd [[Australia]], wey dey mean say e fi cause harm wen dem take am during [[pregnancy]].<ref name=AHFS2015 /><ref>{{cite web|title=Prescribing medicines in pregnancy database|url=http://www.tga.gov.au/hp/medicines-pregnancy.htm|work=Australian Government|access-date=22 April 2014|date=3 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408040902/http://www.tga.gov.au/hp/medicines-pregnancy.htm#.U1Yw8Bc3tqw|archive-date=8 April 2014}}</ref> If dem use am during [[breastfeeding]] e fi result in drowsiness insyd de baby.<ref>{{cite web|title=Phenobarbital use while Breastfeeding|url=https://www.drugs.com/breastfeeding/phenobarbital.html|access-date=14 August 2015|date=2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908025935/http://www.drugs.com/breastfeeding/phenobarbital.html|archive-date=8 September 2015}}</ref> Phenobarbital dey work by increasing de activity of de inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA.<ref name=AHFS2015 /> Dem discover phenobarbital insyd 1912 wey e be de oldest still commonly used anti-seizure medication.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Brenner GM, Stevens CW | chapter = Antiepileptic Drugs |title=Pharmacology |date=2013 |publisher= Elsevier/Saunders |location=Philadelphia, PA |isbn=978-1-4557-0278-7 |page=204 |edition=4th | chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Cd39SN6OBiMC&pg=PA204 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170904150548/https://books.google.com/books?id=Cd39SN6OBiMC&pg=PA204 |archive-date=4 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Engel J |title=Epilepsy: a comprehensive textbook|date=2008|publisher=Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0-7817-5777-5|page=1431|edition=2nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3ZktoDp7tZoC&pg=PA1431|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305041712/https://books.google.ca/books?id=3ZktoDp7tZoC&pg=PA1431|archive-date=5 March 2016}}</ref> E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO23rd">{{cite book | title = The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023) | year = 2023 | hdl = 10665/371090 | publisher = [[World Health Organization]] | location = Geneva | id = WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02 | hdl-access=free }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Barbiturates]] [[Category:Anxiolytics]] [[Category:CYP3A4 inducers]] [[Category:Hypnotics]] [[Category:World Health Organization essential medicines]] [[Category:IARC Group 2B carcinogens]] [[Category:Drugs wey Bayer develop]] [[Category:Involuntary euthanasia]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] omqig9g0qbmase4w790wiw6s956geli 0 26709 112310 108549 2026-09-24T16:34:49Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112310 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Basal-cell carcinoma''' ('''BCC'''), dem sanso know as '''basal-cell cancer''', '''basalioma''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma |url=https://dermnetnz.org/topics/basal-cell-carcinoma |website=dermnetnz.org |date=26 October 2023 |access-date=12 November 2023 |language=en}}</ref> anaa '''rodent ulcer''',<ref>{{cite web |title=Basal Cell Carcinoma (Rodent Ulcer or BCC) |url=https://www.newcastle-hospitals.nhs.uk/services/dermatology/patient-dermatology-information-leaflets/basal-cell-carcinoma-rodent-ulcer-or-bcc/ |website=Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust |access-date=12 November 2023 |date=31 October 2022}}</ref> be de most common type of [[skin cancer]].<ref name="Ga20152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gandhi SA, Kampp J |date=November 2015 |title=Skin Cancer Epidemiology, Detection, and Management |journal=The Medical Clinics of North America |volume=99 |issue=6 |pages=1323–35 |doi=10.1016/j.mcna.2015.06.002 |pmid=26476255}}</ref> E often dey appear as a painless, raised area of skin, wich fi be shiny plus small blood vessels wey dey run over am.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro/> E fi sanso be present as a raised area plus ulceration.<ref name=NCI2013TxPro>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment (PDQ®) |url= http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/AllPages |website= NCI|access-date= 30 June 2014 |date= 2013-10-25 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140705234200/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/skin/HealthProfessional/page1/Alpages |archive-date= 5 July 2014 }}</ref> Basal-cell cancer dey grow slowly wey fi damage de tissue around am, buh e be unlikely to spread to distant areas anaa result in death.<ref name=Cak2012>{{cite journal |vauthors = Cakir BÖ, Adamson P, Cingi C |title = Epidemiology and economic burden of nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal = Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume = 20 |issue = 4 |pages = 419–22 |date = November 2012 |pmid = 23084294 |doi = 10.1016/j.fsc.2012.07.004 }}</ref> Risk factors dey include exposure to ultraviolet light (UV), having lighter skin, radiation therapy, long-term exposure to arsenic, den poor immune-system function.<ref name="Ga20152" /> Exposure to UV light during kiddie time particularly be harmful.<ref name=WCR2014>{{cite book |title= World Cancer Report 2014 |url= https://archive.org/details/worldcancerrepor0000unse_p0u5 |date= 2014 |publisher= World Health Organization |isbn= 978-92-832-0429-9 |at= Chapter 5.14}}</ref> Tanning beds cam be anoda common source of ultraviolet radiation.<ref name=UV2010>{{cite journal |vauthors = Gallagher RP, Lee TK, Bajdik CD, Borugian M |title = Ultraviolet radiation |journal = Chronic Diseases in Canada |volume = 29 |pages = 51–68 |date = 2010 |issue = Suppl 1 |doi = 10.24095/hpcdp.29.S1.04 |pmid = 21199599 |quote = The major source of ultraviolet radiation is solar radiation or sunlight. However, exposure to artificial sources, particularly through tanning salons, is becoming more important in terms of human health effects, as use of these facilities by young people, {{sic}} has increased. }}</ref> Whether sunscreen dey affect de risk of basal-cell cancer remain unclear.<ref name=Jou2012>{{cite journal |vauthors = Jou PC, Feldman RJ, Tomecki KJ |title = UV protection and sunscreens: what to tell patients |url = https://archive.org/details/sim_cleveland-clinic-journal-of-medicine_2012-06_79_6/page/427 |journal = Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine |volume = 79 |issue = 6 |pages = 427–36 |date = June 2012 |pmid = 22660875 |doi = 10.3949/ccjm.79a.11110 |s2cid = 44457153 |doi-access = free }}</ref> Diagnosis often dey depend on skin examination, confirmed by tissue biopsy.<ref name="Ga20152" /><ref name=NCI2017Diag>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment |url= https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pq |website= National Cancer Institute |access-date= 2 July 2017 |language= en |date= 21 June 2017 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170704222639/https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq |archive-date= 4 July 2017 }}</ref> Treatment typically be by surgical removal.<ref name="Ga20152" /> Dis fi be by simple excision if de cancer be small; otherwise, Mohs surgery generally be recommended.<ref name="Ga20152" /><!-- Quote = Although several treatment modalities exist (Table 1)... Mohs surgery is the treatment of choice for any BCC with high-risk characteristics as defined by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (see Box 2). --> Oda options dey include electrodesiccation den curettage, cryosurgery, topical chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, laser surgery, anaa de use of imiquimod, a topical immune-activating medication.<ref name=NCI2017Tx>{{cite web |title= Skin Cancer Treatment |url= https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq#link/_119_toc |website= National Cancer Institute |access-date= 2 July 2017 |language= en |date= 21 June 2017 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170704222639/https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-treatment-pdq#link/_119_toc |archive-date= 4 July 2017 }}</ref> Insyd de rare cases insyd wich distant spread occur, chemotherapy anaa targeted therapy fi be used.<ref name=NCI2017Tx/> Basal-cell cancer dey account for at least 32% of all cancers globally.<ref name=Cak2012/><ref name=Dub2013>{{cite journal |vauthors = Dubas LE, Ingraffea A |title = Nonmelanoma skin cancer |journal = Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America |volume = 21 |issue = 1 |pages = 43–53 |date = February 2013 |pmid = 23369588 | doi = 10.1016/j.fsc.2012.10.003 }}</ref> Of skin cancers oda dan [[melanoma]], about 80% be BCCs.<ref name=Ga2015>{{cite journal |vauthors = Gandhi SA, Kampp J |title = Skin Cancer Epidemiology, Detection, and Management |journal = The Medical Clinics of North America |volume = 99 |issue = 6 |pages = 1323–35 |date = November 2015 |pmid = 26476255 |doi = 10.1016/j.mcna.2015.06.002 }}</ref> Insyd de [[United States]], about 35% of White males den 25% of White females be affected by BCC at sam point insyd dema lives.<ref name=Ga2015/> Basal-cell carcinoma be named after de basal cells wey form de lowest layer of de epidermis. E be thought to develop from de folliculo–sebaceous–apocrine germinative cells dem call trichoblasts (of note, trichoblastic carcinoma be a term dem sam times use to refer to a rare type of aggressive skin cancer wey fi resemble a benign trichoblastoma, wey sanso fi closely resemble BCC). == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Basal-Cell Carcinoma}} [[Category:Epidermal nevi, neoplasms, den cysts]] [[Category:Histopathology]] [[Category:Carcinoma]] [[Category:Dermal den subcutaneous growths]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 7831g28wswr41czft401xxanzh44gin 0 26731 112314 97667 2026-09-24T16:42:10Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112314 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fexofenadine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Allegra''' among odas,<ref name="Brands2">{{cite web |title=Fexofenadine - international brand names |url=https://www.drugs.com/international/fexofenadine.html |access-date=18 January 2017 |publisher=Drugs.com}}</ref> be an antihistamine medication dem use insyd de treatment of allergy symptoms such as allergic rhinitis den urticaria.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bachert C | title = A review of the efficacy of desloratadine, fexofenadine, and levocetirizine in the treatment of nasal congestion in patients with allergic rhinitis | journal = Clinical Therapeutics | volume = 31 | issue = 5 | pages = 921–944 | date = May 2009 | pmid = 19539095 | doi = 10.1016/j.clinthera.2009.05.017 }}</ref> Therapeutically, fexofenadine be a selective peripheral H₁ blocker. E be classified as a second-generation antihistamine secof e be less able to pass de blood–brain barrier den cause sedation, dem compare to first-generation antihistamines.<ref name="rhin11">{{cite journal | vauthors = Compalati E, Baena-Cagnani R, Penagos M, Badellino H, Braido F, Gómez RM, Canonica GW, Baena-Cagnani CE | title = Systematic review on the efficacy of fexofenadine in seasonal allergic rhinitis: a meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials | journal = International Archives of Allergy and Immunology | volume = 156 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–15 | date = 2011 | pmid = 21969990 | doi = 10.1159/000321896 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="rhin1">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dicpinigaitis PV, Gayle YE | title = Effect of the second-generation antihistamine, fexofenadine, on cough reflex sensitivity and pulmonary function | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_british-journal-of-clinical-pharmacology_2003-11_56_5/page/501 | journal = British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology | volume = 56 | issue = 5 | pages = 501–504 | date = November 2003 | pmid = 14651723 | pmc = 1884387 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01902.x }}</ref> Na dem patent am insyd 1979 wey e cam into medical use insyd 1996.<ref name=Fis2006>{{cite book | vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=9783527607495 |page=548 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA548 }}</ref> Fexofenadine be a therapeutic alternative on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO24th">{{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = The selection and use of essential medicines, 2025: WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, 24th list | year = 2025 | hdl = 10665/382243 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | location = Geneva | hdl-access=free }}</ref> Na fexofenadine be manufactured insyd generic form since 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.drreddys.com/media/press-releases/aug30_2011.html |title=Dr. Reddy's announces the launch of Over-the-Counter Fexofenadine HCl and Pseudoephedrine HCl extended-release tablets |date=30 August 2011 |publisher=Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. |access-date=27 May 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012010000/http://www.drreddys.com/media/press-releases/aug30_2011.html |archive-date=12 October 2016 }}</ref> In 2023, it was the 219th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.<ref>{{cite web | title=The Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=12 August 2025 | archive-date=12 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Fexofenadine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Fexofenadine | access-date = 20 August 2025 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} [[Category:Benzhydryl compounds]] [[Category:Phenylacetic acids]] [[Category:Diols]] [[Category:H1 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Peripherally selective drugs]] [[Category:Phenyl compounds]] [[Category:Piperidines]] [[Category:Sanofi]] [[Category:Tertiary alcohols]] [[Category:para-Phenylene compounds]] [[Category:Over-the-counter drugs insyd de United States]] [[Category:Antihistamines]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ic3r37nutgfyckx60fowjcolkm5j2pb 0 26736 112393 103933 2026-09-24T18:47:00Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112393 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lisinopril''' be a medication wey dey belong to de drug class of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors wey e be used to treat [[hypertension]] (high blood pressure), [[heart failure]], den [[myocardial infarction|heart attacks]].<ref name="AHFS20182">{{cite web |title=Lisinopril Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lisinopril.html |access-date=23 December 2018 |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}</ref> For high blood pressure e usually be a first-line treatment. Dem sanso dey use am to prevent kidney problems insyd people plus [[diabetes]] mellitus.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Dem dey take lisinopril orally (dem swallow by mouth).<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Full effect fi take up to four weeks to occur.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Common side effects dey include headache, dizziness, feeling tired, cough, nausea, den rash.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Serious side effects fi include low blood pressure, liver problems, hyperkalemia (high blood potassium), den angioedema.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Ein use no be recommended during de entire duration of pregnancy as e fi harm de baby.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Lisinopril dey work by inhibiting de renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Dem patent lisinopril insyd 1978 wey dem approve am for medical use insyd de [[United States]] insyd 1987.<ref name="AHFS20182" /><ref name=Fis2006>{{cite book | vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-3-527-60749-5 |page=467 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA467 }}</ref> E be available as a generic medication.<ref name="AHFS20182" /> Insyd 2023, na e be de fourth most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 76{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.<ref name="Top 300 of 2023">{{cite web | title=The Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=12 August 2025 | archive-date=12 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Lisinopril Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Lisinopril | access-date = 12 August 2025 }}</ref> E be available in combination plus [[amlodipine]] (as lisinopril/amlodipine) den in combination plus hydrochlorothiazide (as lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide). == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Fogari R, Zoppi A, Corradi L, Lazzari P, Mugellini A, Lusardi P | title = Comparative effects of lisinopril and losartan on insulin sensitivity in the treatment of non diabetic hypertensive patients | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_british-journal-of-clinical-pharmacology_1998-11_46_5/page/467 | journal = Br J Clin Pharmacol | volume = 46 | issue = 5 | pages = 467–71 |date=November 1998 | pmid = 9833600 | pmc = 1873694 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00811.x }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Bussien JP, Waeber B, Nussberger J, Gomez HJ, Brunner HR | title = Once-daily lisinopril in hypertensive patients: Effect on blood pressure and the renin–angiotensin system | journal = Curr Therap Res | volume = 37 | pages = 342–51 | year = 1985 }} [[Category:ACE inhibitors]] [[Category:Alpha-Amino acids]] [[Category:Amino acid derivatives]] [[Category:Drugs wey AstraZeneca develop]] [[Category:Carboxamides]] [[Category:Carboxylic acids]] [[Category:Embryotoxicants]] [[Category:Enantiopure drugs]] [[Category:Drugs wey Merck & Co. develop]] [[Category:Pyrrolidines]] [[Category:Teratogens]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] occrma24luhi9xg07w5aln6fsna5u3x 0 26738 112377 110657 2026-09-24T18:17:09Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112377 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Celecoxib''', dem sell under de brand name '''Celebrex''' among odas, be a COX-2 inhibitor den nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).<ref name=AHFS2019>{{cite web |title=Celecoxib Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/celecoxib.html |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists |date=11 November 2019 |access-date=5 May 2020 |archive-date=20 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190520124313/https://www.drugs.com/monograph/celecoxib.html |url-status=live }}</ref> E be used to treat de pain den inflammation insyd [[osteoarthritis]], acute pain insyd adults, [[rheumatoid arthritis]], psoriatic arthritis, [[ankylosing spondylitis]], painful menstruation, den juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.<ref name=AHFS2019/> E sanso fi be used to decrease de risk of colorectal adenomas insyd people plus familial adenomatous polyposis.<ref name=AHFS2019/> Dem dey take am by mouth.<ref name=AHFS2019/> Benefits typically be seen within an hour.<ref name=AHFS2019/> Common side effects dey include abdominal pain, nausea, den [[diarrhea]].<ref name=AHFS2019/> Serious side effects fi include [[myocardial infarction|heart attacks]], [[stroke]]s, gastrointestinal perforation, gastrointestinal bleeding, kidney failure, den anaphylaxis.<ref name="AHFS2019" /><ref name="Coxib20132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bhala N, Emberson J, Merhi A, Abramson S, Arber N, Baron JA, Bombardier C, Cannon C, Farkouh ME, FitzGerald GA, Goss P, Halls H, Hawk E, Hawkey C, Hennekens C, Hochberg M, Holland LE, Kearney PM, Laine L, Lanas A, Lance P, Laupacis A, Oates J, Patrono C, Schnitzer TJ, Solomon S, Tugwell P, Wilson K, Wittes J, Baigent C |date=August 2013 |title=Vascular and upper gastrointestinal effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: meta-analyses of individual participant data from randomised trials |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_august-31-september-6-2013_382_9894/page/769 |journal=Lancet |volume=382 |issue=9894 |pages=769–79 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60900-9 |pmc=3778977 |pmid=23726390}}</ref> Ein use no be recommended insyd people at high risk for heart disease.<ref name="AHA2007">{{cite journal | vauthors = Antman EM, Bennett JS, Daugherty A, Furberg C, Roberts H, Taubert KA | title = Use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: an update for clinicians: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association | journal = Circulation | volume = 115 | issue = 12 | pages = 1634–42 | date = March 2007 | pmid = 17325246 | doi = 10.1161/circulationaha.106.181424 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Consumer2012">{{cite web | url=http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/2012/05/should-you-still-take-celebrex/index.htm | title=Should you still take Celebrex? | work=[[Consumer Reports]] | date=August 2009 | access-date=27 December 2015 | archive-date=18 December 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151218111927/http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/2012/05/should-you-still-take-celebrex/index.htm | url-status=live }}</ref> De risks be similar to oda NSAIDs, such as [[ibuprofen]] den [[naproxen]].<ref name=NPR2018>{{cite news| vauthors = Stein R |title=FDA Panel Affirms Safety Of Painkiller Celebrex|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/04/25/605226604/fda-panel-affirms-safety-of-painkiller-celebrex|access-date=19 May 2018|publisher=[[NPR]]|date=25 April 2018|archive-date=20 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180520123906/https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/04/25/605226604/fda-panel-affirms-safety-of-painkiller-celebrex|url-status=live}}</ref> Ein use insyd de later part of [[pregnancy]] anaa during [[breastfeeding]] no be recommended.<ref name=AHFS2019/> Celecoxib demonstrate adjunctive benefits insyd [[Major depressive disorder|major depression]] den efficacy in reducing polyp recurrence insyd familial adenomatous polyposis, while dem sanso dey investigate am for broader psychiatric, anticancer, den chemopreventive applications. Dem patent celecoxib insyd 1993 wey e cam into medical use insyd 1999.<ref name=Fis2006>{{cite book | vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-3-527-60749-5 |page=522 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA522 |access-date=13 October 2020 |archive-date=27 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427093939/https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA522 |url-status=live }}</ref> E be available as a generic medication.<ref name=BNF76>{{cite book|title=British national formulary: BNF 76|date=2018|publisher=Pharmaceutical Press|isbn=978-0-85711-338-2|pages=1097–1098|edition=76}}</ref> Insyd 2023, e be de 111th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de [[United States]], plus more dan 6{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.<ref name="Top300Drugs">{{cite web | title=Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=12 August 2025 | archive-date=12 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Celecoxib Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Celecoxib | access-date = 18 August 2025 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite book | title=Medical Genetics Summaries | chapter=Celecoxib Therapy and CYP2C9 Genotype | chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK379478/ | veditors=Pratt VM, McLeod HL, Rubinstein WS, Scott SA, Dean LC, Kattman BL, Malheiro AJ | display-editors=3 | publisher=[[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] (NCBI) | year=2016 | pmid=28520369 | id=Bookshelf ID: NBK379478 | vauthors=Dean L | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK61999/ }} * {{cite journal |vauthors=Zhang J, Ding EL, Song Y |title=Adverse effects of cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors on renal and arrhythmia events: meta-analysis of randomized trials |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_jama_2006-10-04_296_13/page/1619 |journal=JAMA |volume=296 |issue=13 |pages=1619–32 |date=October 2006 |pmid=16968832 |doi=10.1001/jama.296.13.jrv60015 }} == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite web | title=COX-2 Selective (includes Bextra, Celebrex, and Vioxx) and Non-Selective Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | date=15 July 2005 | url=https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/cox-2-selective-includes-bextra-celebrex-and-vioxx-and-non-selective-non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190928144031/https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/cox-2-selective-includes-bextra-celebrex-and-vioxx-and-non-selective-non-steroidal-anti-inflammatory | archive-date=28 September 2019 }} * {{cite web | title=FDA Approves Labeling Supplement for Celebrex (celecoxib) | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | date=28 June 2018 | url=https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/cder-statement-fda-approves-labeling-supplement-celebrex-celecoxib }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Antineoplastic drugs]] [[Category:Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors]] [[Category:CYP2D6 inhibitors]] [[Category:Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]] [[Category:Drugs wey Pfizer develop]] [[Category:Pyrazoles]] [[Category:Sulfonamides]] [[Category:Trifluoromethyl compounds]] [[Category:4-Tolyl compounds]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] cy1c2e7zxgund4w1dhp11xl40vlwtcu 0 26772 112508 110852 2026-09-25T01:35:24Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112508 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lead poisoning''', dem sanso know as '''plumbism''' den '''saturnism''', be a type of metal poisoning wey de presence of lead insyd de human body cause.<ref name="WHO20162">{{cite web |date=September 2016 |title=Lead poisoning and health |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs379/en/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018024720/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs379/en/ |archive-date=18 October 2016 |access-date=14 October 2016 |website=WHO}}</ref> Symptoms of lead poisoning fi include abdominal pain, constipation, headaches, irritability, memory problems, infertility, numbness den tingling insyd de hands den feet.<ref name=CDC2013Sym>{{cite web|title=Lead Information for Workers |url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/lead/health.html |website=CDC |access-date=14 October 2016 |date=30 September 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018215410/http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/lead/health.html|archive-date=18 October 2016}}</ref> Lead poisoning dey cause almost 10% of [[intellectual disability]] of otherwise unknown cause wey fi result in behavioral problems.<ref name="WHO20162" /> Sam of de effects be permanent.<ref name="WHO20162" /> Insyd severe cases, [[anemia]], seizures, coma, anaa death fi occur.<ref name="WHO20162" /><ref name=CDC2013Sym/> Exposure to lead fi occur thru contaminated air, water, dust, food, anaa consumer products.<ref name="WHO20162" /> Lead poisoning dey pose a significantly increased risk to kiddies den pets as dem be far more likely to ingest lead indirectly by chewing on toys anaa oda objects wey be coated in lead paint.<ref name="WHO20162" /> Additionally, kiddies dey absorb greater quantities of lead from ingested sources dan adults. Exposure at work be a common cause of lead poisoning insyd adults, plus certain occupations at particular risk.<ref name="Gra20072">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gracia RC, Snodgrass WR |date=January 2007 |title=Lead toxicity and chelation therapy |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-journal-of-health-system-pharmacy_2007-01-01_64_1/page/45 |journal=American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy |volume=64 |issue=1 |pages=45–53 |doi=10.2146/ajhp060175 |pmid=17189579}}</ref> Diagnosis typically be by measurement of de blood lead level.<ref name="WHO20162" /> De Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US) set de upper limit for blood lead for adults at 10&nbsp;μg/dL (10&nbsp;μg/100 g) den for kiddies at 3.5&nbsp;μg/dL;<ref name="CDC2021">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2021/p1028-blood-lead.html |title=CDC Updates Blood Lead Reference Value for Children |publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] |date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230922075339/https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2021/p1028-blood-lead.html |archive-date= Sep 22, 2023 }}</ref> before October 2021 de limit be 5&nbsp;μg/dL.<ref name="CDC2012">{{cite web|date=2021-10-28|title=Blood Lead Reference Value {{!}} Lead |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/data/blood-lead-reference-value.htm|access-date=2021-12-01 |publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] |language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=The Code of Federal Regulations of the United States of America |date=2005 |publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office |page=116 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sb06AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA116 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171105194927/https://books.google.com/books?id=sb06AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA116 |archive-date=2017-11-05}}</ref> Elevated lead sanso be detected by changes insyd red blood cells anaa dense lines insyd de bones of kiddies as seen on X-ray.<ref name="Dap2014">{{cite journal |vauthors = Dapul H, Laraque D |title = Lead poisoning in children |journal=Advances in Pediatrics |volume = 61 |issue = 1 |pages = 313–33 |date = August 2014 |pmid = 25037135 |doi = 10.1016/j.yapd.2014.04.004 }}</ref> Lead poisoning be preventable.<ref name="WHO20162" /> Dis dey include individual efforts such as removing lead-containing items from de home,<ref name="Need20042">{{cite journal |vauthors=Needleman H |year=2004 |title=Lead poisoning |journal=Annual Review of Medicine |volume=55 |pages=209–22 |doi=10.1146/annurev.med.55.091902.103653 |pmid=14746518}}</ref> workplace efforts such as improved ventilation den monitoring,<ref name=CDC2016Prev>{{cite web|title=Lead Information for Employers|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/lead/prevention.html|website=CDC|access-date=14 October 2016|date=30 September 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018210747/http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/lead/prevention.html|archive-date=18 October 2016}}</ref> state den national policies wey ban lead insyd products such as paint, gasoline, ammunition, wheel weights, den fishing weights, reduce allowable levels insyd water anaa soil, den provide for cleanup of contaminated soil.<ref name="WHO20162" /><ref name=Dap2014/> Workers' education fi be helpful as well.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal|last=Allaouat|first=Sarah|year=2020|title=Educational interventions for preventing lead poisoning in workers. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2020|journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|volume=2020|issue=8|article-number=CD013097|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD013097.pub2|pmid=35819457 |pmc=8095058|s2cid=226951902}}</ref> De major treatments be removal of de source of lead den de use of medications wey bind lead so e fi be eliminated from de body, dem know as chelation therapy.<ref name=Dap2014/> Chelation therapy insyd kiddies be recommended wen blood levels be greater dan 40–45&nbsp;μg/dL.<ref name=Dap2014/><ref>{{cite web|title=What Do Parents Need to Know to Protect Their Children?|url=https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/acclpp/blood_lead_levels.htm|website=CDC|access-date=14 October 2016|date=30 October 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009233521/http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/acclpp/blood_lead_levels.htm|archive-date=9 October 2016}}</ref> Medications dem use include dimercaprol, edetate calcium disodium, den succimer.<ref name="Gra20072" /> Insyd 2021, na 1.5 million deaths worldwide be attributed to lead exposure.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lead poisoning |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/lead-poisoning-and-health |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> E dey occur most commonly insyd de developing world.<ref name="WHO20162" /> An estimated 800 million kiddies get blood lead levels over 5 μg/dL insyd low- and middle-income nations, though comprehensive public health data remain inadequate.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Champion |first1=Wyatt M. |last2=Khaliq |first2=Mahmooda |last3=Mihelcic |first3=James R. |date=2022-11-08 |title=Advancing Knowledge to Reduce Lead Exposure of Children in Data-Poor Low- and Middle-Income Countries |url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00656 |journal=Environmental Science & Technology Letters |volume=9 |issue=11 |pages=879–888 |doi=10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00656|bibcode=2022EnSTL...9..879C |url-access=subscription }}</ref> Thousands of American communities fi get higher lead burdens dan those dem see during de peak of de Flint water crisis.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Laborers' Health and Safety Fund of North America |title=Thousands of US Cities Have Worse Lead Problems Than Flint |date=11 February 2017 |url=https://www.lhsfna.org/index.cfm/lifelines/february-2017/thousands-of-u-s-cities-have-worse-lead-problems-than-flint/ |access-date=26 September 2021 |archive-date=26 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210926145557/https://www.lhsfna.org/index.cfm/lifelines/february-2017/thousands-of-u-s-cities-have-worse-lead-problems-than-flint/ }}</ref> Those wey be poor be at greater risk.<ref name="WHO20162" /> Lead be believed to result in 0.6% of de world ein disease burden.<ref name="Need20042" /> Half of de US population be exposed to substantially detrimental lead levels insyd early kiddie time, mainly from car exhaust, from wich lead pollution peak insyd de 1970s wey e cause widespread loss insyd cognitive ability.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lead exposure in last century shrunk IQ scores of half of Americans |url=https://medicalxpress.com/news/2022-03-exposure-century-shrunk-iq-scores.html |access-date=18 April 2022 |work=Duke University |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=McFarland |first1=Michael J. |last2=Hauer |first2=Matt E. |last3=Reuben |first3=Aaron |title=Half of US population exposed to adverse lead levels in early childhood |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |date=15 March 2022 |volume=119 |issue=11 |article-number=e2118631119 |doi=10.1073/pnas.2118631119|doi-access=free | pmid=35254913 |pmc=8931364 |bibcode=2022PNAS..11918631M |language=en |issn=0027-8424}}</ref> Globally, over 15% of kiddies be known dem get blood lead levels (BLL) of over 10 μg/dL, at wich point clinical intervention strongly be indicated.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Dissanayake |first1=Vinodinee |last2=Erickson |first2=Timothy B. |date=29 Jun 2012 |title=Ball and chain: The global burden of lead poisoning |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/15563650.2012.698018 |journal=Clinical Toxicology |volume=50 |issue=6 |pages=528–531 |doi=10.3109/15563650.2012.698018 |pmid=22746385 |via=Taylor & Francis Online|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Na people dey mine den dey use lead for thousands of years.<ref name=Dap2014/> Descriptions of lead poisoning dey date to at least 200&nbsp;BC,<ref name=Dap2014/> while efforts to limit lead ein use dey date back to at least de 16th century.<ref name="Need20042" /> Concerns give low levels of exposure begin insyd de 1970s, wen e cam be understood say secof ein bioaccumulative nature, der be no safe threshold give lead exposure.<ref name="WHO20162" /><ref name=Dap2014/><ref name="NeedlemanDentineLead">{{cite journal |last1=Needleman |first1=Herbert L. |last2=Gunnoe |first2=Charles |last3=Leviton |first3=Alan |last4=Reed |first4=Robert |last5=Peresie |first5=Henry |last6=Maher |first6=Cornelius |last7=Barrett |first7=Peter |title=Deficits in Psychologic and Classroom Performance of Children with Elevated Dentine Lead Levels |journal=New England Journal of Medicine |date=29 March 1979 |volume=300 |issue=13 |pages=689–695 |doi=10.1056/NEJM197903293001301 |pmid=763299 |access-date=17 November 2020|url=https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM197903293001301|url-access=subscription }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * {{cite web |author=Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204174821/http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/csem.asp?csem=7&po=7 |title=Lead Toxicity |work=Environmental Health and Medicine Education |publisher=U.S. [[Department of Health and Human Services]] |id=Course: WB 1105 |date=August 20, 2007 |access-date=December 29, 2023 |archive-date=February 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204174821/http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/csem.asp?csem=7&po=7 }} * {{cite web |author=Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry |url=https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/MMG/MMGDetails.aspx?mmgid=1203&toxid=22 |title=Lead &#124; Medical Management Guidelines &#124; Toxic Substance Portal }} <!-- GENERAL--> * {{cite web |author=Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry |url=https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/ToxProfiles/ToxProfiles.aspx?id=96&tid=22 |title=Toxicological Profile for Lead |date=2020 |doi=10.15620/cdc:95222 }} Peer-reviewed profile that characterizes the toxicology and health effects information, identifies and reviews the key literature that describes lead's toxicological properties. * {{cite web |author=Health and Safety Executive UK |title=Lead |work=Working safely with lead |publisher=HSE |url=http://www.hse.gov.uk/lead/ }} * {{cite news |vauthors=Katz NL |title=City payout to Brooklyn family largest ever in lead poisoning |newspaper=NY Daily News |date=June 26, 2007 |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/2007/06/26/2007-06-26_12m_for_toxic_hell.html |access-date=2009-09-28 |archive-date=2011-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110603180052/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/2007/06/26/2007-06-26_12m_for_toxic_hell.html }} * {{cite web |author=National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health |title=Lead |work=NIOSH Workplace Safety & Health Topics |publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/lead/ |date=2018-06-20 }} * {{cite web |author=National Pollutant Inventory |title=Lead and compounds: Health effects |work=Fact Sheets |publisher=Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities |location=Canberra, Australia |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320030408/http://www.npi.gov.au/substances/lead/health.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320030408/https://web.archive.org/web/20120320030408/http://www.npi.gov.au/substances/lead/health.html |archive-date=2012-03-20 }} * {{cite web |author=National Safety Council |title=Lead Poisoning |work=Fact Sheets |publisher=National Safety Council |location=Itasca, Illinois, U.S. |year=2008 |url=http://www.nsc.org/NSCDocuments_Advocacy/Fact%20Sheets/Lead-Poisoning-Fact-Sheet.pdf |access-date=2016-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222135408/http://www.nsc.org/NSCDocuments_Advocacy/Fact%20Sheets/Lead-Poisoning-Fact-Sheet.pdf |archive-date=2017-12-22 |author-link=National Safety Council }} *{{cite web | author=The Associated Press | title=Biden administration proposes strictest lead pipe rules in more than three decades | website=NPR | date=30 Nov 2023 | url=https://www.npr.org/2023/11/30/1216034743/lead-pipe-rules-drinking-water-epa-flint | access-date=13 Mar 2024 }} *{{cite web | last=Davenport | first=Coral | title=E.P.A. Proposes Tighter Limits on Lead Dust in Homes and Child Care Facilities | website=The New York Times | date=12 Jul 2023 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/12/climate/epa-lead-dust-homes.html | access-date=13 Mar 2024 }} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lead Poisoning}} [[Category:Lead poisoning| ]] [[Category:Environmental impact by effect]] [[Category:Occupational diseases]] [[Category:Mass poisonings]] [[Category:Disturbances of human pigmentation]] [[Category:Intellectual disability]] [[Category:Biology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] p5ymvb31ky3rme5ceh6ndftqqia6l55 0 26782 112424 97847 2026-09-24T19:36:00Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112424 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A '''cataract''' be a cloudy area insyd de lens of de eye wey dey impair vision.<ref name="NIH2009" /><ref name=":02">{{cite book |last1=Wilson Jr. |first1=M. Edward |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gLJZDD2igCMC&pg=PA20 |title=Pediatric cataract surgery techniques, complications, and management |last2=Trivedi |first2=Rupal H. |last3=Pandey |first3=Suresh K. |date=2005 |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |isbn=978-0-7817-4307-5 |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |page=20 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524134557/https://books.google.ca/books?id=gLJZDD2igCMC&pg=PA20 |archive-date=2015-05-24 |url-status=live}}</ref> Cataracts often dey develop slowly wey fi affect one anaa both eyes.<ref name="NIH2009" /> Symptoms fi include faded colors, blurry anaa double vision, halos around light, trouble plus bright lights, den difficulty seeing at night.<ref name="NIH2009">{{cite web |date=September 2009 |title=Facts About Cataract |url=https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/cataracts |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524095805/https://www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts |archive-date=24 May 2015 |access-date=24 May 2015}}</ref> Dis fi result in difficulty driving, reading, den recognizing faces.<ref name="Allen-2006">{{cite journal |vauthors=Allen D, Vasavada A |date=July 2006 |title=Cataract and surgery for cataract |journal=BMJ |volume=333 |issue=7559 |pages=128–132 |doi=10.1136/bmj.333.7559.128 |pmc=1502210 |pmid=16840470}}</ref> Poor vision wey be caused by cataracts sanso fi result in an increased risk of falling den [[Depression (mood)|depression]].<ref name="Gim2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gimbel HV, Dardzhikova AA |date=January 2011 |title=Consequences of waiting for cataract surgery |journal=Current Opinion in Ophthalmology |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=28–30 |doi=10.1097/icu.0b013e328341425d |pmid=21076306 |s2cid=205670956}}</ref> Insyd 2020 cataracts cause 39.6% of all cases of blindness den 28.3% of visual impairment worldwide. Cataracts remain de single most common cause of global blindness.<ref name="WHO2014">{{Cite journal |last=Pesudovs |first=Konrad |last2=Lansingh |first2=Van Charles |last3=Kempen |first3=John H. |last4=Tapply |first4=Ian |last5=Fernandes |first5=Arthur G. |last6=Cicinelli |first6=Maria Vittoria |last7=Arrigo |first7=Alessandro |last8=Leveziel |first8=Nicolas |last9=Resnikoff |first9=Serge |last10=Taylor |first10=Hugh R. |last11=Sedighi |first11=Tabassom |last12=Flaxman |first12=Seth |last13=Bikbov |first13=Mukkharram M. |last14=Braithwaite |first14=Tasanee |last15=Bron |first15=Alain |date=August 2024 |title=Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by cataract: a meta-analysis from 2000 to 2020 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41433-024-02961-1 |journal=Eye |language=en |volume=38 |issue=11 |pages=2156–2172 |doi=10.1038/s41433-024-02961-1 |issn=1476-5454 |pmc=11269584 |pmid=38461217}}</ref> Cataracts most commonly be secof aging buh sanso fi be secof trauma anaa radiation exposure, be present from birth anaa occur dey follow eye surgery for oda problems.<ref name=NIH2009/><ref name="WHOPri">{{cite web |title=Priority eye diseases |url=https://www.who.int/blindness/causes/priority/en/index1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524095804/http://www.who.int/blindness/causes/priority/en/index1.html |archive-date=24 May 2015 |access-date=24 May 2015}}</ref> Risk factors dey include [[diabetes]], longstanding use of corticosteroid medication, smoking tobacco, prolonged exposure to sunlight den alcohol.<ref name=NIH2009/> In addition, poor nutrition, [[obesity]], chronic kidney disease den autoimmune diseases be recognized insyd various studies as contributing to de development of cataracts.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ang |first1=Michael J. |last2=Afshari |first2=Natalie A. |date=2021 |title=Cataract and systemic disease: A review |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ceo.13892 |journal=Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology |language=en |volume=49 |issue=2 |pages=118–127 |doi=10.1111/ceo.13892 |issn=1442-9071 |pmid=33426783 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> Cataract formation primarily be driven by oxidative stress, wich dey damage lens proteins, wey dey lead to dema aggregation den de accumulation of clumps of protein anaa yellow-brown pigment insyd de lens.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ho |first=Min-Chieh |last2=Peng |first2=Yi-Jie |last3=Chen |first3=Shih-Jen |last4=Chiou |first4=Shih-Hwa |date=2010-09-01 |title=Senile cataracts and oxidative stress |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210833510000079 |journal=Journal of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatrics |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=17–21 |doi=10.1016/j.jcgg.2010.10.006 |issn=2210-8335|doi-access=free }}</ref> Dis dey reduce de transmission of light to de retina at de back of de eye, impairing vision. Additionally, alterations insyd de lens ein metabolic processes, wey dey include imbalances insyd calcium den oda ions, contribute to cataract development.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Spector |first=Abraham |date=1995 |title=Oxidative stress-induced cataract: mechanism of action |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_faseb-journal_1995-09_9_12/page/1173 |journal=The FASEB Journal |language=en |volume=9 |issue=12 |pages=1173–1182 |doi=10.1096/fasebj.9.12.7672510 |issn=1530-6860 |pmid=7672510 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=NIH2009/> Diagnosis typically be thru an eye examination,<ref name=NIH2009/> plus ophthalmoscopy den slit-lamp examination be de most effective methods. During ophthalmoscopy, de pupil be dilated, den de red reflex be examined for any opacities insyd de lens. Slit-lamp examination dey provide further details on de characteristics, location, den extent of de cataract.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cataract - Eye Disorders |url=https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/eye-disorders/cataract/cataract |access-date=2025-02-19 |website=MSD Manual Professional Edition |language=en}}</ref> Wearing sunglasses plus UV protection den a wide brimmed hat, eating leafy vegetables den fruits den dey avoid smoking fi reduce de risk of developing cataracts anaa slow de process.<ref name=NIH2009/><ref name="NIH News in Health 2017 on cataract">{{cite web |date=2017-05-30 |title=Recognizing Cataracts |url=https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2013/08/recognizing-cataracts |access-date=2020-02-02 |website=NIH News in Health |quote=Try wearing sunglasses or a hat with a brim. Researchers also believe that good nutrition can help reduce the risk of age-related cataract. They recommend eating plenty of green leafy vegetables, fruits, nuts, and other healthy foods.}}</ref> Early on, de symptoms fi be improved plus glasses.<ref name=NIH2009/> If dis no dey help, surgery to remove de cloudy lens den replace am plus an artificial lens be de only effective treatment.<ref name=NIH2009/> Cataract surgery no be readily available insyd chaw countries, wey surgery dey hia only if de cataracts dey cause problems den generally dey result in an improved quality of life.<ref name=NIH2009/><ref name=WHOPri/><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Lamoureux EL, Fenwick E, Pesudovs K, Tan D |date=January 2011 |title=The impact of cataract surgery on quality of life |journal=Current Opinion in Ophthalmology |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=19–27 |doi=10.1097/icu.0b013e3283414284 |pmid=21088580 |s2cid=22760161}}</ref><ref name="Rao2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rao GN, Khanna R, Payal A |date=January 2011 |title=The global burden of cataract |journal=Current Opinion in Ophthalmology |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=4–9 |doi=10.1097/icu.0b013e3283414fc8 |pmid=21107260 |s2cid=205670997}}</ref> About 20 million people worldwide be blind owing to cataracts.<ref name=WHOPri/> Dem be de cause of approximately 5% of blindness insyd de [[United States]] den nearly 60% of blindness insyd parts of [[Africa]] den South America.<ref name="Rao2011">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rao GN, Khanna R, Payal A |date=January 2011 |title=The global burden of cataract |journal=Current Opinion in Ophthalmology |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=4–9 |doi=10.1097/icu.0b013e3283414fc8 |pmid=21107260 |s2cid=205670997}}</ref> Blindness from cataracts dey occur insyd 10 to 40 per 100,000 kiddies insyd de developing world den 1 to 4 per 100,000 kiddies insyd de developed world.<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last1=Wilson Jr. |first1=M. Edward |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gLJZDD2igCMC&pg=PA20 |title=Pediatric cataract surgery techniques, complications, and management |last2=Trivedi |first2=Rupal H. |last3=Pandey |first3=Suresh K. |date=2005 |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |isbn=978-0-7817-4307-5 |location=Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |page=20 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524134557/https://books.google.ca/books?id=gLJZDD2igCMC&pg=PA20 |archive-date=2015-05-24 |url-status=live}}</ref> Cataracts cam be more common plus age.<ref name=NIH2009/> Insyd de United States, cataracts dey occur insyd 68% of those over de age of 80 years.<ref name="NEI2019">{{Cite web |title=Cataract Data and Statistics |url=https://www.nei.nih.gov./learn-about-eye-health/eye-health-data-and-statistics |access-date=2019-11-18 |publisher=National Eye Institute}}</ref> Dem be more common insyd women den less common insyd Hispanic den Black people.<ref name = NEI2019/> == Causes == ===Age=== ===Trauma=== ===Radiation=== ===Genetics=== ===Skin diseases=== ===Smoking den alcohol=== ===Inadequate vitamin C=== ===Medications=== ===Post-operative=== ===Hyperbaric oxygen therapy=== ===Oda diseases=== * Metabolic den nutritional diseases ** Aminoaciduria anaa Lowe's syndrome ** Cerebrotendineous xanthomatosis ** Diabetes mellitus ** Fabry's disease ** Galactosemia / galactosemic cataract ** Homocystinuria ** Hyperparathyroidism ** Hypoparathyroidism ** Hypervitaminosis D ** [[Hypothyroidism]] ** Hypocalcaemia ** Mucopolysaccharidoses ** Wilson's disease * Congenital ** Congenital syphilis ** Cytomegalic inclusion disease ** [[Rubella]] ** Cockayne syndrome * Genetic syndromes ** [[Down syndrome]] ** Patau syndrome ** Edwards syndrome * Infections: ** Cysticercosis ** [[Leprosy]] ** Onchocerciasis ** [[Toxoplasmosis]] ** Varicella * Secondary to oda eye diseases: ** Retinopathy of prematurity ** Aniridia ** Uveitis ** Retinal detachment ** Retinitis pigmentosa == References == <references /> ==Read further == * {{cite journal |vauthors=Truscott RJ, Friedrich MG |date=December 2019 |title=Molecular Processes Implicated in Human Age-Related Nuclear Cataract |journal=Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science |volume=60 |issue=15 |pages=5007–5021 |doi=10.1167/iovs.19-27535 |oclc=1141250841 |pmc=7043214 |pmid=31791064}} == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://dro.hs.columbia.edu/lc1.htm Pictures of different types of cataracts] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130327142432/http://dro.hs.columbia.edu/lc1.htm |date=2013-03-27 }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Aging-associated diseases]] [[Category:Blindness]] [[Category:Eye diseases]] [[Category:Cataract| ]] [[Category:Eye]] [[Category:Ophthalmology]] [[Category:Vision]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] jso71cbnxtycf90fdmutusms3w4qaif 0 26789 112413 97858 2026-09-24T19:17:30Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112413 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} Certain '''lithium compounds''', dem sanso know as '''lithium salts''', be used as psychiatric medication,<ref name="AHFS2015" /> primarily for [[bipolar disorder]] den for [[major depressive disorder]].<ref name=AHFS2015>{{cite web | title = Lithium Salts | date = 22 May 2025 | url = https://www.drugs.com/monograph/lithium-salts.html | publisher = The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists | access-date = 11 January 2026 }}</ref><ref name="Chokhawala_2025">{{cite book | vauthors = Chokhawala KP, Lee S, Saadabadi A | chapter = Lithium | title = StatPearls | date = 2025 | pmid = 30085604 | chapter-url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519062/ | access-date = 2026-01-10 | place = Treasure Island (FL) | publisher = StatPearls Publishing }}</ref> Dem dey take lithium orally (by mouth).<ref name="AHFS2015" /> Common side effects dey include increased urination, shakiness of de hands, den increased thirst.<ref name="AHFS2015" /> Serious side effects dey include [[hypothyroidism]], diabetes insipidus, den lithium toxicity.<ref name="AHFS2015" /> Blood level monitoring be recommended to decrease de risk of potential toxicity.<ref name="AHFS2015" /> If levels cam be too high, [[diarrhea]], [[vomiting]], poor coordination, sleepiness, den [[tinnitus|ringing insyd de ears]] fi occur.<ref name="AHFS2015" /> Lithium be teratogenic wey fi cause birth defects at high doses, especially during de first trimester of pregnancy. De use of lithium while [[breastfeeding]] be controversial; however, chaw international health authorities advise against am, den de long-term outcomes of perinatal lithium exposure no be studied.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Poels EM, Bijma HH, Galbally M, Bergink V | title = Lithium during pregnancy and after delivery: a review | journal = International Journal of Bipolar Disorders | volume = 6 | issue = 1 | date = December 2018 | pmid = 30506447 | pmc = 6274637 | doi = 10.1186/s40345-018-0135-7 | article-number = 26 | doi-access = free }}</ref> De American Academy of Pediatrics dey list lithium as contraindicated for [[pregnancy]] den lactation.<ref name="Armstrong_2008">{{Cite journal | vauthors = Armstrong C | title = ACOG Guidelines on Psychiatric Medication Use During Pregnancy and Lactation | journal = American Family Physician | volume = 78 | issue = 6 | date = 15 September 2008 | url = https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0915/p772.html | page = 772 | issn = 0002-838X | access-date = 27 January 2022 | archive-date = 27 January 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220127183232/https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0915/p772.html | url-status = live }}</ref> De United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) dey categorize lithium as having positive evidence of risk for pregnancy den possible hazardous risk for lactation.<ref name="Armstrong_2008" /><ref name="FDALithiumCarbonateHighlights">{{Cite web | title = Lithium Carbonate Medication Guide | url = https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2018/017812s031,018421s031,018558s026lbl.pdf | url-status = live | archive-url = https://archive.today/20220127181022/https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/017812s034,018421s033,018558s028lbl.pdf | archive-date = 27 January 2022 | access-date = 27 January 2022 | website = U.S. FDA }}</ref> Lithium salts be classified as mood stabilizers.<ref name="AHFS2015" /> Lithium ein mechanism of action no be known.<ref name="AHFS2015" /> Insyd de nineteenth century, lithium be used insyd people wey get [[gout]], [[epilepsy]], den [[cancer]].<ref name="Sneader_2005" /> Ein use insyd de treatment of [[mental disorder]]s begin plus Carl Lange insyd Denmark<ref name="Lenox_1994">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lenox RH, Watson DG | title = Lithium and the brain: a psychopharmacological strategy to a molecular basis for manic depressive illness | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-chemistry_1994-02_40_2/page/309 | journal = Clinical Chemistry | volume = 40 | issue = 2 | pages = 309–314 | date = February 1994 | pmid = 8313612 | doi = 10.1093/clinchem/40.2.309 | doi-access = free }}</ref> den William Alexander Hammond insyd New York City,<ref name="Mitchell_2000">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mitchell PB, Hadzi-Pavlovic D | title = Lithium treatment for bipolar disorder | journal = Bulletin of the World Health Organization | volume = 78 | issue = 4 | pages = 515–517 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10885179 | pmc = 2560742 | url = https://www.who.int/entity/bulletin/archives/78(4)515.pdf | archive-url = http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20120401000314/http%3A//who.int/entity/bulletin/archives/78%284%29515.pdf | archive-date = 1 April 2012 }}</ref> wey use lithium to treat [[mania]] from de 1870s dey go, based on now-discredited theories wey dey involve ein effect on uric acid. Use of lithium for mental disorders be re-established (on a different theoretical basis) insyd 1948 by John Cade insyd [[Australia]].<ref name="Sneader_2005">{{cite book | vauthors = Sneader W | title = Drug discovery: a history | location = Chichester | date = 2005 | publisher = Wiley | isbn = 978-0-471-89979-2 | page = 63 | edition = Rev. and updated | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Cb6BOkj9fK4C&pg=PA63 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170908170953/https://books.google.com/books?id=Cb6BOkj9fK4C&pg=PA63 | archive-date = 8 September 2017 }}</ref> Lithium carbonate dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines,<ref name="World_Health_Organization_2023">{{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023) | location = Geneva | year = 2023 | hdl = 10665/371090 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | id = WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02 | hdl-access = free }}</ref> wey e be available as a generic medication.<ref name="AHFS2015" /> Insyd 2023, e be de 187th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de [[United States]], plus more dan 2{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.<ref>{{Cite web | title = The Top 300 of 2023 | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20250812130026/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | archive-date = 2025-08-12 | access-date = 2025-08-13 | website = clincalc.com }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title = Lithium - Drug Usage Statistics, ClinCalc DrugStats Database | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Lithium | access-date = 2025-08-13 | website = clincalc.com }}</ref> E dey appear to be underused insyd older people,<ref>{{Cite journal | vauthors = Almeida OP, Etherton-Beer C, Kelty E, Sanfilippo F, Preen DB, Page A | title = Lithium dispensed for adults aged ≥ 50 years between 2012 and 2021: Analyses of a 10% sample of the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme | journal = The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry | volume = 31 | issue = 9 | pages = 716–725 | date = 27 March 2023 | pmid = 37080815 | doi = 10.1016/j.jagp.2023.03.012 | s2cid = 257824414 }}</ref> den insyd certain countries, for reasons wey dey include patients dema negative beliefs about lithium.<ref>{{Cite web | title = Bipolar disorder: how lithium as a treatment fell out of favour | date = 9 November 2024 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/society/2024/nov/09/bipolar-disorder-how-lithium-as-a-treatment-fell-out-of-favour | access-date = 9 November 2024 | website = [[The Guardian]] }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lithium Pharmacology}} [[Category:Biology den pharmacology of chemical elements]] [[Category:Drugs plus unknown mechanisms of action]] [[Category:Lithium]] [[Category:Lithium insyd biology]] [[Category:Metal-containing drugs]] [[Category:Mood stabilizers]] [[Category:Treatment of depression]] [[Category:Nephrotoxins]] [[Category:World Health Organization essential medicines]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 09rzxhdipxdqvbmxgjwkuf0k5yqrg8a 0 26797 112313 97877 2026-09-24T16:41:01Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112313 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Vertigo''' be a condition insyd wich a person get de sensation wey dem dey move, anaa say objects around dem dey move, wen dat no be de case.<ref name="AFP2010">{{cite journal|last1=Post|first1=RE|last2=Dickerson|first2=LM|title=Dizziness: a diagnostic approach|journal=American Family Physician|year=2010|volume=82|issue=4|pages=361–369|url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/0815/p361.html|pmid=20704166|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606214343/http://www.aafp.org/afp/2010/0815/p361.html|archive-date=2013-06-06}}</ref> Often e dey feel like a spinning anaa swaying movement.<ref name="AFP2010" /><ref name="Hog20152">{{cite journal |last1=Hogue |first1=JD |date=June 2015 |title=Office Evaluation of Dizziness. |journal=Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice |volume=42 |issue=2 |pages=249–258 |doi=10.1016/j.pop.2015.01.004 |pmid=25979586}}</ref> E fi be associated plus nausea, [[vomiting]], perspiration, anaa difficulties walking.<ref name="Hog20152" /> E typically be worse wen de head be moved.<ref name="Hog20152" /> Vertigo be de most common type of dizziness.<ref name="Hog20152" /> De most common disorders wey result in vertigo be benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), [[Ménière's disease]], den vestibular neuritis.<ref name=AFP2010/><ref name=Hog2015/> Less common causes dey include [[stroke]], brain tumors, brain injury, [[multiple sclerosis]], migraines, trauma, den uneven pressures between de middle ears.<ref name=Hog2015/><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Wicks|first1=RE|title=Alternobaric vertigo: an aeromedical review.|journal=Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine|date=January 1989|volume=60|issue=1|pages=67–72|pmid=2647073}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Buttaro|first1=Terry Mahan|last2=Trybulski|first2=JoAnn|last3=Polgar-Bailey|first3=Patricia|last4=Sandberg-Cook|first4=Joanne|title=Primary Care – E-Book: A Collaborative Practice|date=2012|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0323075855|page=354|edition=4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YBcHR-wQOWQC&pg=PA354|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908182413/https://books.google.ca/books?id=YBcHR-wQOWQC&pg=PA354|archive-date=2017-09-08}}</ref> Physiologic vertigo fi occur following being exposed to motion for a prolonged period such as wen on a ship anaa simply following spinning plus de eyes closed.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Falvo|first1=Donna R.|title=Medical and psychosocial aspects of chronic illness and disability|date=2014|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Learning|location=Burlington, MA|isbn=9781449694425|page=273|edition=5|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SdM6FsykfWAC&pg=PA273|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702173443/https://books.google.ca/books?id=SdM6FsykfWAC&pg=PA273|archive-date=2015-07-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Wardlaw|first1=Joanna M.|author-link=Joanna Wardlaw|title=Clinical neurology|date=2008|publisher=Manson|location=London|isbn=9781840765182|page=107|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q8q7E6EJr7IC&pg=PA107|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702174323/https://books.google.ca/books?id=Q8q7E6EJr7IC&pg=PA107|archive-date=2015-07-02}}</ref> Oda causes fi include toxin exposures such as to carbon monoxide, alcohol, anaa [[aspirin]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Goebel|first1=Joel A.|title=Practical management of the dizzy patient|date=2008|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=9780781765626|page=97|edition=2nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ecrwrKCRr7YC&pg=PA97|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702150101/https://books.google.ca/books?id=ecrwrKCRr7YC&pg=PA97|archive-date=2015-07-02}}</ref> Vertigo typically indicates a problem in a part of the vestibular system.<ref name=Hog2015/> Oda causes of dizziness dey include presyncope, disequilibrium, den non-specific dizziness.<ref name=Hog2015>{{cite journal|last1=Hogue|first1=JD|title=Office Evaluation of Dizziness.|journal=Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice|date=June 2015|volume=42|issue=2|pages=249–258|pmid=25979586|doi=10.1016/j.pop.2015.01.004}}</ref> Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo be more likely insyd sam bro wey get repeated episodes of vertigo plus movement wey e be otherwise normal between episodes.<ref name=Emerg2009/> Benign vertigo episodes generally dey last less dan one minute.<ref name=Hog2015/> De Dix-Hallpike test typically dey produce a period of rapid eye movements dem know as nystagmus insyd dis condition.<ref name=AFP2010/> Insyd Ménière's disease, der often be [[tinnitus|ringing insyd de ears]], hearing loss, den de attacks of vertigo last more dan twenty minutes.<ref name=Emerg2009/> Insyd vestibular neuritis, de onset of vertigo be sudden, wey de nystagmus dey occur even wen de person no dey move.<ref name=Emerg2009/> Insyd dis condition, vertigo fi last for days.<ref name=Hog2015/> More severe causes sanso for be considered,<ref name=Emerg2009>{{cite journal|last1=Kerber|first1=KA|title=Vertigo and dizziness in the emergency department|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_emergency-medicine-clinics-of-north-america_2009-02_27_1/page/39|journal=Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America|year=2009|volume=27|issue=1|pages=39–50|pmid=19218018|doi=10.1016/j.emc.2008.09.002|pmc=2676794}}</ref> especially if oda problems such as weakness, headache, double vision, anaa numbness occur.<ref name=Hog2015/> Dizziness dey affect approximately 20–40% of people at sam point, while about 7.5–10% get vertigo.<ref name=Bre2011>{{cite journal| last1=von Brevern|first1=M|last2=Neuhauser|first2=H| title=Epidemiological evidence for a link between vertigo & migraine| journal= Journal of Vestibular Research |volume=21 |issue=6 |pages=299–304|year= 2011 |pmid=22348934|doi=10.3233/VES-2011-0423}}</ref> About 5% get vertigo insyd a given year.<ref name=Epi09/> E cam be more common plus age den dey affect women two to three times more often dan men.<ref name=Epi09/> Vertigo dey account for about 2–3% of emergency department visits insyd de developed world.<ref name=Epi09>{{cite journal |vauthors=Neuhauser HK, Lempert T |title=Vertigo: epidemiologic aspects |journal=Seminars in Neurology |volume=29 |issue=5 |pages=473–81 |date=November 2009 |pmid=19834858 |doi=10.1055/s-0029-1241043 |s2cid=260318174 |url=http://edoc.rki.de/oa/articles/redMw1x2qc1PA/PDF/28bPty5WOzjUE.pdf}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q10686316|c=Category:Vertigo|n=no|q=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=vertigo|species=no}} * {{cite web | url = https://medlineplus.gov/dizzinessandvertigo.html | publisher = U.S. National Library of Medicine | work = MedlinePlus | title = Dizziness and Vertigo }} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Vertigo (Medical)}} [[Category:Symptoms den signs of mental disorders]] [[Category:Neurological disorders]] [[Category:Diseases of inner ear]] [[Category:Illusions]] [[Category:Phenomena]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] tqb3kshw04o94ermr5e0epbgpknvtqv 0 26806 112325 110765 2026-09-24T16:54:00Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112325 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Carbon monoxide poisoning''' typically dey occur from breathing in carbon monoxide (CO) at excessive levels.<ref name=Sc2016>{{cite book| vauthors = Schottke D |title=Emergency Medical Responder: Your First Response in Emergency Care|date=2016|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Learning|isbn=978-1-284-10727-2|page=224|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gGCHDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA224|access-date=2 July 2017|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910171934/https://books.google.com/books?id=gGCHDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA224|archive-date=10 September 2017}}</ref> Symptoms often be described as "flu-like" den commonly dey include headache, dizziness, weakness, vomiting, chest pain, den confusion.<ref name="CDC2015FAQ2">{{cite web |author=National Center for Environmental Health |date=30 December 2015 |title=Carbon Monoxide Poisoning – Frequently Asked Questions |url=https://www.cdc.gov/co/faqs.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705012403/https://www.cdc.gov/co/faqs.htm |archive-date=5 July 2017 |access-date=2 July 2017 |website=www.cdc.gov |language=en-us}}</ref> Large exposures fi result in loss of consciousness, arrhythmias, seizures, anaa death.<ref name="CDC2015FAQ2" /><ref name="Gu2012">{{cite journal | vauthors = Guzman JA | title = Carbon monoxide poisoning | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_critical-care-clinics_2012-10_28_4/page/537 | journal = Critical Care Clinics | volume = 28 | issue = 4 | pages = 537–48 | date = October 2012 | pmid = 22998990 | doi = 10.1016/j.ccc.2012.07.007 }}</ref> De classically described "cherry red skin" rarely dey occur.<ref name=Gu2012/> Long-term complications fi include chronic fatigue, trouble plus memory, den movement problems.<ref name="Bl20152">{{cite book |title=Occupational Neurology |vauthors=Bleecker ML |date=2015 |isbn=978-0-444-62627-1 |series=Handbook of Clinical Neurology |volume=131 |pages=191–203 |chapter=Carbon monoxide intoxication |doi=10.1016/B978-0-444-62627-1.00024-X |pmid=26563790}}</ref> According to de Threshold Limit Value – Time Weighted Average, humans dey tolerate 25 mL of CO/m³ for 8 hours/day for 40 hour work week.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bierhals |first1=Jürgen |title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry |chapter=Carbon Monoxide |date=2001 |doi=10.1002/14356007.a05_203 |isbn=978-3-527-30385-4 }}</ref> CO be a colorless den odorless gas wich be initially non-irritating.<ref name="Bl20152" /> E be produced during incomplete burning of organic matter.<ref name="Bl20152" /> Dis fi occur in cooking equipment, motor vehicles, anaa heaters wich use carbon-based fuels.<ref name="CDC2015FAQ2" /> Carbon monoxide primarily dey cause adverse effects by combining plus hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin (symbol COHb anaa HbCO), wich dey prevent de blood from carrying oxygen den expelling carbon dioxide as carbaminohemoglobin.<ref name="Bl20152" /> Additionally, chaw oda hemoproteins such as myoglobin, Cytochrome P450, den mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase be affected, along plus oda metallic den non-metallic cellular targets.<ref name=Gu2012/><ref name=":22">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Hopper CP, De La Cruz LK, Lyles KV, Wareham LK, Gilbert JA, Eichenbaum Z, Magierowski M, Poole RK, Wollborn J, Wang B |date=December 2020 |title=Role of Carbon Monoxide in Host-Gut Microbiome Communication |url=https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/264519 |journal=Chemical Reviews |volume=120 |issue=24 |pages=13273–13311 |doi=10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00586 |pmid=33089988 |s2cid=224824871}}</ref> Diagnosis typically be based on a HbCO level of more dan 3% among nonsmokers den more dan 10% among smokers.<ref name="Gu2012" /> De biological threshold give carboxyhemoglobin tolerance typically be accepted to be 15% COHb, wey dey mean toxicity consistently be observed at levels in excess of dis concentration.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Motterlini R, Foresti R | title = Biological signaling by carbon monoxide and carbon monoxide-releasing molecules | journal = American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology | volume = 312 | issue = 3 | pages = C302–C313 | date = March 2017 | pmid = 28077358 | doi = 10.1152/ajpcell.00360.2016 | doi-access = free }}</ref> De FDA previously set a threshold of 14% COHb insyd certain clinical trials wey dey evaluate de therapeutic potential of carbon monoxide.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Yang X, de Caestecker M, Otterbein LE, Wang B | title = Carbon monoxide: An emerging therapy for acute kidney injury | journal = Medicinal Research Reviews | volume = 40 | issue = 4 | pages = 1147–1177 | date = July 2020 | pmid = 31820474 | pmc = 7280078 | doi = 10.1002/med.21650 }}</ref> In general, 30% COHb be considered severe carbon monoxide poisoning.<ref name=":02">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hopper CP, Zambrana PN, Goebel U, Wollborn J |date=June 2021 |title=A brief history of carbon monoxide and its therapeutic origins |journal=Nitric Oxide |volume=111-112 |pages=45–63 |doi=10.1016/j.niox.2021.04.001 |pmid=33838343}}</ref> Na de highest reported non-fatal carboxyhemoglobin level be 73% COHb.<ref name=":02" /> Efforts to prevent poisoning dey include carbon monoxide detectors, proper venting of gas appliances, keeping chimneys clean, den keeping exhaust systems of vehicles in good repair.<ref name="CDC2015FAQ2" /> Treatment of poisoning generally dey consist of giving 100% oxygen along plus supportive care.<ref name="Gu2012" /><ref name="Bl20152" /> Dis procedure often be carried out til symptoms be absent wey de HbCO level be less dan 3%/10%.<ref name="Gu2012" /> Carbon monoxide poisoning be relatively common, wey dey result in more dan 20,000 emergency room visits a year insyd de [[United States]].<ref name="CDC2015FAQ2" /><ref name=":4">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=793KBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA569 |title=Carbon Monoxide Poisoning |vauthors=Penney DG |date=2007 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-0-8493-8418-9 |page=569 |language=en |access-date=2 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910171934/https://books.google.com/books?id=793KBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA569 |archive-date=10 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> E be de most common type of fatal poisoning insyd chaw countries.<ref name=Toxicology2002>{{cite journal | vauthors = Omaye ST | title = Metabolic modulation of carbon monoxide toxicity | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_toxicology_2002-11-15_180_2/page/139 | journal = Toxicology | volume = 180 | issue = 2 | pages = 139–50 | date = November 2002 | pmid = 12324190 | doi = 10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00387-6 | bibcode = 2002Toxgy.180..139O }}</ref> Insyd de United States, non-fire related cases result in more dan 400 deaths a year.<ref name="CDC2015FAQ2" /> Poisonings dey occur more often insyd de winter, particularly from de use of portable generators during power outages.<ref name=Gu2012/><ref name=Fer2017>{{cite book| vauthors = Ferri FF |title=Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017 E-Book: 5 Books in 1|date=2016|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0-323-44838-3|pages=227–28|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rRhCDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA227|access-date=2 July 2017|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910171934/https://books.google.com/books?id=rRhCDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA227|archive-date=10 September 2017}}</ref> De toxic effects of CO be known since ancient history.<ref name=":02" /><ref name="JRSocMed2001-blumenthal">{{cite journal |vauthors=Blumenthal I |date=June 2001 |title=Carbon monoxide poisoning |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_royal-society-of-medicine-great-britain-journal_2001-06_94_6/page/270 |journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine |volume=94 |issue=6 |pages=270–2 |doi=10.1177/014107680109400604 |pmc=1281520 |pmid=11387414}}</ref> De discovery say hemoglobin be affected by CO emerge plus an investigation by James Watt den Thomas Beddoes into de therapeutic potential of hydrocarbonate insyd 1793, wey later confirmed by Claude Bernard between 1846 den 1857.<ref name=":02" /> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/co-comp/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) – Carbon Monoxide – NIOSH Workplace Safety and Health Topic] * International Programme on Chemical Safety (1999). [https://web.archive.org/web/20041226045841/http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/ehc/ehc_213/en/ Carbon Monoxide], Environmental Health Criteria 213, Geneva: WHO {{DEFAULTSORT:Carbon Monoxide Poisoning}} [[Category:Carbon monoxide|Poisoning]] [[Category:Industrial hygiene]] [[Category:Medical emergencies]] [[Category:Natural gas safety]] [[Category:Suicide by poison]] [[Category:Toxic effects of substances chiefly nonmedicinal as to source]] [[Category:Underwater diving disorders]] [[Category:Causes of death]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] na1us9tnhiknsn0z2bqajdsu4k6oapj 0 26818 112538 97941 2026-09-25T02:20:30Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112538 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Oxandrolone''' be an androgen den synthetic anabolic steroid (AAS) medication to help promote weight gain insyd various situations, to help offset protein catabolism wey long-term corticosteroid therapy cause, to support recovery from severe burns, to treat bone pain dem associate plus [[osteoporosis]], to aid insyd de development of girlies plus [[Turner syndrome]], den give oda indications.<ref name="Llewellyn2011">{{cite book|vauthors=Llewellyn W|title=Anabolics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=afKLA-6wW0oC&pg=PT342|year=2011|publisher=Molecular Nutrition Llc|isbn=978-0-9828280-1-4|pages=342–352|access-date=2017-11-06|archive-date=2024-04-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407100842/https://books.google.com/books?id=afKLA-6wW0oC&pg=PT342#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="LiGuo2016">{{cite journal |vauthors=Li H, Guo Y, Yang Z, Roy M, Guo Q |date=June 2016 |title=The efficacy and safety of oxandrolone treatment for patients with severe burns: A systematic review and meta-analysis |journal=Burns |volume=42 |issue=4 |pages=717–727 |doi=10.1016/j.burns.2015.08.023 |pmid=26454425 |s2cid=24139354}}</ref><ref name="RojasFinnerty2012">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rojas Y, Finnerty CC, Radhakrishnan RS, Herndon DN |date=December 2012 |title=Burns: an update on current pharmacotherapy |journal=Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy |volume=13 |issue=17 |pages=2485–2494 |doi=10.1517/14656566.2012.738195 |pmc=3576016 |pmid=23121414}}</ref> Dem dey take am by mouth.<ref name="Llewellyn2011" /> Dem dey sell am under de brand names Oxandrin den Anavar, among odas.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mavros |first=Yorgi |last2=O'Neill |first2=Evelyn |last3=Connerty |first3=Maureen |last4=Bean |first4=Jonathan F. |last5=Broe |first5=Kerry |last6=Kiel |first6=Douglas P. |last7=Maclean |first7=David |last8=Taylor |first8=Ann |last9=Fielding |first9=Roger A. |last10=Singh |first10=Maria A. Fiatarone |date=November 2015 |title=Oxandrolone Augmentation of Resistance Training in Older Women: A Randomized Trial |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25899102 |journal=Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise |volume=47 |issue=11 |pages=2257–2267 |doi=10.1249/MSS.0000000000000690 |issn=1530-0315 |pmid=25899102}}</ref> De drug be a synthetic androgen den anabolic steroid, hence e be an agonist of de androgen receptor (AR), de biological target of androgens such as testosterone den dihydrotestosterone.<ref name="Llewellyn2011" /><ref name="pmid18500378">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kicman AT | title = Pharmacology of anabolic steroids | journal = British Journal of Pharmacology | volume = 154 | issue = 3 | pages = 502–521 | date = June 2008 | pmid = 18500378 | pmc = 2439524 | doi = 10.1038/bjp.2008.165 }}</ref> Side effects of oxandrolone dey include severe cases of peliosis hepatis, sam times dem associate plus liver failure den intra-abdominal hemorrhage; liver tumors, sam times fatal; den blood lipid changes dem associate plus increased risk of [[atherosclerosis]]. Additional warnings dey include de risks dem associate plus cholestatic hepatitis, hypercalcemia insyd patients plus breast cancer, den increased risk for de development of prostatic hypertrophy den prostatic carcinoma insyd older patients.<ref name="fda9232">{{Cite web |last=FDA |date=2023-09-13 |title=Determination That Oxandrin (Oxandrolone) Tablets, 2.5 Milligrams and 10 Milligrams, Were Withdrawn From Sale for Reasons of Safety or Effectiveness |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2023-09-13/pdf/2023-19796.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240318101945/https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2023-09-13/pdf/2023-19796.pdf |archive-date=2024-03-18 |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=federalregister.gov}}</ref> E get strong anabolic effects den weak androgenic effects, wich give am a mild side effect profile in dat regard wey e make am especially suitable for use insyd women.<ref name="Llewellyn2011" /> Milder side effects insyd women be increased sexual desire, symptoms of hyperandrogenism such as [[acne]], den symptoms of masculinization such as increased hair growth den voice changes.<ref name="Llewellyn2011" /> Na dem describe oxandrolone first insyd 1962 wey dem introduce am for medical use insyd 1964.<ref name="Llewellyn2011" /> De drug be a controlled substance insyd chaw countries, so non-medical use for purposes such as improving physique den performance be generally illicit.<ref name="Llewellyn2011" /><ref name="pmid9414081">{{cite journal |vauthors=Korkia P, Stimson GV |date=October 1997 |title=Indications of prevalence, practice and effects of anabolic steroid use in Great Britain |journal=International Journal of Sports Medicine |volume=18 |issue=7 |pages=557–562 |doi=10.1055/s-2007-972681 |pmid=9414081 |s2cid=260169851 |quote=Low dose 28 +/- 18; High dose 80 +/- 13}}</ref><ref name="FDA2009">{{cite web |date=11 June 2009 |title=Controlled Substances Act |url=https://www.fda.gov/regulatoryinformation/legislation/ucm148726.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302014716/https://www.fda.gov/regulatoryinformation/legislation/ucm148726.htm |archive-date=2 March 2017 |access-date=17 June 2016 |publisher=United States Food and Drug Administration}}</ref><ref name="CanadaLaws">{{Cite web |author=Legislative Services Branch |title=Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Controlled Drugs and Substances Act= |url=http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-38.8/page-15.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205151428/http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-38.8/page-15.html |archive-date=2017-02-05 |access-date=2017-01-14 |website=laws-lois.justice.gc.ca}}</ref><ref name="GovUK">{{Cite web |title=List of most commonly encountered drugs currently controlled under the misuse of drugs legislation - GOV.UK |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/controlled-drugs-list--2/list-of-most-commonly-encountered-drugs-currently-controlled-under-the-misuse-of-drugs-legislation |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191208222115/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/controlled-drugs-list--2/list-of-most-commonly-encountered-drugs-currently-controlled-under-the-misuse-of-drugs-legislation |archive-date=2019-12-08 |access-date=2017-01-14 |website=www.gov.uk}}</ref> Insyd de [[United States]], de FDA ein Endocrinologic and Metabolic Drugs Advisory Committee unanimously conclude insyd 1984 say der be no evidence of efficacy give oxandrolone.<ref name="OxandroloneFDAwithdrawal">{{cite web |title=Gemini Laboratories, LLC, et al.; Withdrawal of Approval of One New Drug Application for OXANDRIN (Oxandrolone) Tablets and Four Abbreviated New Drug Applications for Oxandrolone Tablets |url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/06/28/2023-13733/gemini-laboratories-llc-et-al-withdrawal-of-approval-of-one-new-drug-application-for-oxandrin |website=[[Federal Register]] |date=28 June 2023 |publisher=[[Office of the Federal Register]] of the [[National Archives and Records Administration]] |access-date=1 January 2025}}</ref> On March 26, 2019, Gemini biz FDA to withdraw approval for all doses of de drug, dey state say dem no longer dey market am.<ref name="fda9232" /><ref name="OxandroloneFDAwithdrawal"/> FDA notify Gemini den oda license holders on December 16, 2022, say e believe say de potential problems plus de drug say na de drug be sufficiently serious say e for be removed from de market, dey cite de 1984 finding of lack of efficacy den de extensive safety warnings den precautions dem list on de prescribing information, "wey dey include peliosis hepatis, sam times dem associate plus liver failure den intra-abdominal hemorrhage; liver cell tumors, sam times fatal; den blood lipid changes wey be known to be associated plus increased risk of [[atherosclerosis]]" as well as "cholestatic hepatitis, hypercalcemia in patients plus breast cancer, den increased risk give de development of prostatic hypertrophy den prostatic carcinoma insyd geriatric patients."<ref name="OxandroloneFDAwithdrawal"/> Gemini den Sandoz request say de FDA completely withdraw approval give de drug.<ref name="OxandroloneFDAwithdrawal"/> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071228235918/http://www.savientpharma.com/products/oxandrin.asp Oxandrin Homepage], savientpharma.com (via archive.org) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20170801081813/https://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dockets/05p0383/05p-0383-prc0001-03-Labeling-vol1.pdf Oxandrin Label], fda.gov (retrieved 23 October 2009) * {{cite web |url=https://www.drugs.com/MTM/oxandrolone.html |title=Oxandrolone Side Effects, Interactions and Information |publisher=drugs.com }} [[Category:Androgens]] [[Category:Androstanes]] [[Category:Appetite stimulants]] [[Category:Hepatotoxins]] [[Category:Delta-lactones]] [[Category:Tertiary alcohols]] [[Category:Withdrawn drugs]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] o9tvhnhpjy2zc2x1xyxhbqskahq1ate 0 26839 112370 97978 2026-09-24T18:07:12Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112370 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dysautonomia''', '''autonomic failure''', anaa '''autonomic dysfunction''' be a condition insyd wich de autonomic nervous system (ANS) no dey work properly. Dis condition fi affect de functioning of de [[heart]], bladder, intestines, sweat glands, pupils, den blood vessels. Dysautonomia get chaw causes, no be all of wich fi be classified as neuropathic.<ref name="nih2">{{Cite web |title=Dysautonomia |url=http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/dysautonomia/dysautonomia.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202234006/http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/dysautonomia/dysautonomia.htm |archive-date=2016-12-02 |access-date=2012-04-03 |publisher=NINDS}}</ref> A number of conditions fi feature dysautonomia, such as [[Parkinson's disease]], Long COVID, multiple system atrophy, [[dementia with Lewy bodies]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Castori |first=Marco |last2=Voermans |first2=Nicol C. |date=2014-10-06 |title=Neurological manifestations of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome(s): A review |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25632331 |journal=Iranian Journal of Neurology |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=190–208 |issn=2008-384X |pmc=4300794 |pmid=25632331}}</ref> [[Ehlers–Danlos syndromes]],<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Castori M, Voermans NC |date=October 2014 |title=Neurological manifestations of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome(s): A review |journal=Iranian Journal of Neurology |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=190–208 |pmc=4300794 |pmid=25632331}}</ref> autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy den autonomic neuropathy,<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Imamura M, Mukaino A, Takamatsu K, Tsuboi H, Higuchi O, Nakamura H, Abe S, Ando Y, Matsuo H, Nakamura T, Sumida T, Kawakami A, Nakane S |date=February 2020 |title=Ganglionic Acetylcholine Receptor Antibodies and Autonomic Dysfunction in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases |journal=Int J Mol Sci |type=Review |volume=21 |issue=4 |page=1332 |doi=10.3390/ijms21041332 |pmc=7073227 |pmid=32079137 |doi-access=free}}</ref> [[HIV/AIDS]],<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=McIntosh RC |date=August 2016 |title=A meta-analysis of HIV and heart rate variability in the era of antiretroviral therapy |journal=Clin Auton Res |type=Review |volume=26 |issue=4 |pages=287–94 |doi=10.1007/s10286-016-0366-6 |pmid=27395409 |s2cid=20256879}}</ref> mitochondrial cytopathy,<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Kanjwal |first1=Khalil |last2=Karabin |first2=Beverly |last3=Kanjwal |first3=Yousuf |last4=Saeed |first4=Bilal |last5=Grubb |first5=Blair P. |date=October 2010 |title=Autonomic dysfunction presenting as orthostatic intolerance in patients suffering from mitochondrial cytopathy |journal=Clinical Cardiology |volume=33 |issue=10 |pages=626–629 |doi=10.1002/clc.20805 |issn=1932-8737 |pmc=6653231 |pmid=20960537}}</ref> pure autonomic failure, [[autism]], den [[postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome]].<ref name="pmid386927802">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Peltier AC |date=June 2024 |title=Autonomic Dysfunction from Diagnosis to Treatment |journal=Prim Care |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=359–373 |doi=10.1016/j.pop.2024.02.006 |pmid=38692780}}</ref> Diagnosis be made by functional testing of de ANS, wey dey focus on de affected organ system. Investigations fi be performed to identify underlying disease processes wey fi lead to de development of symptoms anaa autonomic neuropathy. Symptomatic treatment be available give chaw symptoms dem associate plus dysautonomia, den sam disease processes fi be directly treated. Depending on de severity of de dysfunction, dysautonomia fi range from being nearly symptomless den transient to disabling den/anaa life-threatening.<ref name="aagtreatment">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Iodice V, Kimpinski K, Vernino S, Sandroni P, Fealey RD, Low PA |date=June 2009 |title=Efficacy of immunotherapy in seropositive and seronegative putative autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_neurology_2009-06-09_72_23/page/2002 |journal=Neurology |volume=72 |issue=23 |pages=2002–8 |doi=10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181a92b52 |pmc=2837591 |pmid=19506222 |ref=aagnihtreat}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Autonomic nervous system]] [[Category:Peripheral nervous system disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] cia4ujegu7lwd6kkq7ll2letnaznukv 0 26846 112356 98025 2026-09-24T17:41:10Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112356 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Mercury poisoning''' be a type of metal poisoning secof exposure to mercury.<ref name="Bernhoft20122">{{Cite journal |last=Bernhoft |first=Robin A. |date=2012 |title=Mercury toxicity and treatment: a review of the literature |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22235210 |journal=Journal of Environmental and Public Health |volume=2012 |doi=10.1155/2012/460508 |issn=1687-9813 |pmc=3253456 |pmid=22235210 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Symptoms dey depend upon de type, dose, method, den duration of exposure.<ref name="Bernhoft20122" /><ref name="WHO20162">{{cite web |date=January 2016 |title=Mercury and health |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs361/en/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161120171147/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs361/en/ |archive-date=20 November 2016 |access-date=19 November 2016 |website=WHO}}</ref> Dem fi include muscle weakness, poor coordination, numbness insyd de hands den feet, skin rashes, anxiety, memory problems, trouble speaking, trouble hearing, anaa trouble seeing.<ref name="NIH2016">{{cite web |title=Mercury |url=https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/mercury |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119182023/http://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/mercury/ |archive-date=19 November 2016 |access-date=19 November 2016 |website=NIEHS}}</ref> High-level exposure to methylmercury be known as Minamata disease.<ref name=Bos2010/> Methylmercury exposure insyd kiddies fi result in acrodynia (pink disease) insyd wich de skin cam be pink den dey peel.<ref name=Bos2010/> Long-term complications fi include kidney problems den decreased intelligence.<ref name="Bos2010">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bose-O'Reilly S, McCarty KM, Steckling N, Lettmeier B |date=September 2010 |title=Mercury exposure and children's health |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_current-problems-in-pediatric-and-adolescent-health-care_2010-09_40_8/page/186 |journal=Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care |volume=40 |issue=8 |pages=186–215 |doi=10.1016/j.cppeds.2010.07.002 |pmc=3096006 |pmid=20816346}}</ref> De effects of long-term exposure to methylmercury at very low doses be unclear.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Hong YS, Kim YM, Lee KE |date=November 2012 |title=Methylmercury exposure and health effects |journal=Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health = Yebang Uihakhoe Chi |volume=45 |issue=6 |pages=353–63 |doi=10.3961/jpmph.2012.45.6.353 |pmc=3514465 |pmid=23230465}}</ref> Forms of mercury exposure dey include metal, vapor, salt, den organic compound.<ref name=Bernhoft2012/> Chaw exposure be from eating fish, amalgam-based dental fillings, anaa exposure at a workplace.<ref name=Bernhoft2012/> Insyd fish, those higher up insyd de food chain generally get higher levels of mercury, a process dem know as biomagnification.<ref name=Bernhoft2012/> Less commonly, poisoning fi occur as a method of attempted [[suicide]].<ref name=Bernhoft2012/> Human activities wey dey release mercury into de environment dey include de burning of coal den mining of gold.<ref name="WHO2016">{{cite web |date=January 2016 |title=Mercury and health |url=https://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs361/en/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161120171147/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs361/en/ |archive-date=20 November 2016 |access-date=19 November 2016 |website=WHO}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Environment |first=U. N. |date=2019-03-04 |title=Global Mercury Assessment 2018 |url=http://www.unep.org/resources/publication/global-mercury-assessment-2018 |access-date=2022-01-12 |website=UNEP - UN Environment Programme |language=en}}</ref> Tests of de blood, urine, den hair for mercury be available buh no dey relate well to de amount insyd de body.<ref name="Bernhoft2012">{{Cite journal |last=Bernhoft |first=Robin A. |date=2012 |title=Mercury toxicity and treatment: a review of the literature |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22235210 |journal=Journal of Environmental and Public Health |volume=2012 |doi=10.1155/2012/460508 |issn=1687-9813 |pmc=3253456 |pmid=22235210 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Prevention dey include eating a diet low in mercury, removing mercury from medical den oda devices, proper disposal of mercury, den no dey mining further mercury.<ref name=WHO2016/><ref name=Bos2010/> Insyd those plus acute poisoning from inorganic mercury salts, chelation plus either dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) anaa dimercaptopropane sulfonate (DMPS) dey appear to improve outcomes if given within a few hours of exposure.<ref name=Kos2013/> Chelation for those plus long-term exposure be of unclear benefit.<ref name="Kos2013">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kosnett MJ |date=December 2013 |title=The role of chelation in the treatment of arsenic and mercury poisoning |journal=Journal of Medical Toxicology |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=347–54 |doi=10.1007/s13181-013-0344-5 |pmc=3846971 |pmid=24178900}}</ref> Insyd certain communities wey dey survive on fishing, na rates of mercury poisoning among kiddies be as high as 1.7 per 100.<ref name=WHO2016/> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Mercury Poisoning}} [[Category:Mercury poisoning| ]] [[Category:Drug eruptions]] [[Category:Mercury pollution]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] aeq0okkx5ijecyw06nmipvvk9z69jzk 0 26848 112358 98031 2026-09-24T17:44:23Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112358 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Water intoxication''', dem sanso know as '''water poisoning''', '''hyperhydration''', '''overhydration''', anaa '''water toxemia''', be a potentially fatal disturbance insyd brain functions wey fi result wen de normal balance of electrolytes insyd de body be pushed outsyd safe limits by excessive water intake. Insyd normal circumstances, accidentally consuming too much water be exceptionally rare. Chaw deaths wey relate to water intoxication insyd healthy individuals result either from water-drinking contests, insyd wich individuals attempt to consume large amounts of water, anaa from long bouts of exercise during which excessive amounts of fluid be consumed.<ref name="Noakes2006">{{cite journal |vauthors=Noakes TD, Speedy DB |title=Case proven: exercise associated hyponatraemia is due to overdrinking. So why did it take 20 years before the original evidence was accepted? |journal=British Journal of Sports Medicine |volume=40 |issue=7 |pages=567–72 |date=July 2006 |pmid=16799109 |pmc=2564296 |doi=10.1136/bjsm.2005.020354}}</ref> In addition, water cure, a method of torture insyd wich de victim be forced to consume excessive amounts of water, fi cause water intoxication.<ref name="Noakes2006" /> Water, like any oda substance, fi be considered a poison wen over-consumed insyd a brief period. Water intoxication mostly dey occur wen water be consumed insyd a high quantity, provoking disturbances insyd electrolyte balance.<ref name="Farrell, D. J.">{{cite journal |vauthors=Farrell DJ, Bower L |title=Fatal water intoxication |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-clinical-pathology_2003-10_56_10/page/n84 |journal=Journal of Clinical Pathology |volume=56 |issue=10 |pages=803–804 |date=Oct 2003 |pmc=1770067 |doi=10.1136/jcp.56.10.803-a |pmid=14514793}}</ref> Excess of body water sanso fi be a result of a medical condition anaa improper treatment; spy "hyponatremia" for sam examples. Water be considered one of de least toxic chemical compounds, plus an LD₅₀ wey dey exceed {{convert|90000|mg/kg|g/kg|abbr=on}} body weight insyd rats;<ref>{{Cite report|url=http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9927321|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180929230110/http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9927321|archive-date=29 September 2018|title=Material Safety Data Sheet Water MSDS|chapter=Section 11: Toxicological Information|publisher=ScienceLab.com}}</ref> drinking six liters insyd three hours cause de death of a human.<ref>{{cite journal| last=Ballantyne | first=Coco | title=Strange but True: Drinking Too Much Water Can Kill | journal=Scientific American | date=21 June 2007 | url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/strange-but-true-drinking-too-much-water-can-kill/}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Water Intoxication}} [[Category:Body water]] [[Category:Electrolyte disturbances]] [[Category:Intoxication]] [[Category:Substance intoxication]] [[Category:Suicide by poison]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 2re1exkkj0p63druehx550i1bwiqro0 0 26899 112373 110782 2026-09-24T18:10:22Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112373 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Promethazine''', dem sell under de brand name '''Phenergan''' among odas, be a first-generation antihistamine, sedative, den antiemetic dem use to treat allergies, nausea, den [[vomiting]]. E sanso fi help plus sam symptoms dem associate plus de [[common cold]]<ref name=AHFS2018>{{cite web |title=Promethazine Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/promethazine-hydrochloride.html |website=Drugs.com |publisher=American Society of Health-System Pharmacists |access-date=24 October 2018}}</ref> den sanso fi be used for sedating people wey be agitated anaa anxious, an effect wey lead to sam recreational use (especially plus [[codeine]]).<ref name="lean2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Agnich LE, Stogner JM, Miller BL, Marcum CD |date=September 2013 |title=Purple drank prevalence and characteristics of misusers of codeine cough syrup mixtures |url=http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/asu/f/Marcum_Catherine_2013_Purple_drank_orig.X.pdf |journal=Addictive Behaviors |volume=38 |issue=9 |pages=2445–9 |doi=10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.03.020 |pmid=23688907}}</ref><ref name="BNF742">{{cite book |title=British national formulary: BNF 74 |url=https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join |date=2017 |publisher=British Medical Association |isbn=978-0-85711-298-9 |edition=74 |page=[https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join/page/276 276]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Malamed SF |title=Sedation: A Guide to Patient Management |date=2009 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-0-323-07596-1 |page=113 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Abp9ci5-n1wC&pg=PA113 |language=en}}</ref> Dem dey take promethazine by mouth (oral), as a rectal suppository, anaa by injection into a muscle (IM).<ref name=AHFS2018/> Common side effects of promethazine dey include confusion den sleepiness;<ref name="AHFS2018" /> consumption of alcohol anaa oda sedatives fi make dese symptoms worse.<ref name=AHFS2018/> E be unclear if use of promethazine during [[pregnancy]] anaa [[breastfeeding]] be safe.<ref name=AHFS2018/><ref name=BNF74>{{cite book|title=British national formulary: BNF 74|url=https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join|date=2017|publisher=British Medical Association|isbn=978-0-85711-298-9|page=[https://archive.org/details/bnf74september200000join/page/276 276]|edition=74}}</ref> Use of promethazine no be recommended insyd those less dan two years old, secof potentially negative effects on breathing.<ref name=AHFS2018/> Use of promethazine by injection into a vein no be recommended, secof potential skin damage.<ref name=AHFS2018/> Promethazine dey insyd de phenothiazine family of medications.<ref name=AHFS2018/> E sanso be a strong anticholinergic den at high anaa toxic doses fi act as a deliriant.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Page CB, Duffull SB, Whyte IM, Isbister GK | title = Promethazine overdose: clinical effects, predicting delirium and the effect of charcoal | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_qjm_2009-02_102_2/page/123 | journal = QJM | volume = 102 | issue = 2 | pages = 123–131 | date = February 2009 | pmid = 19042969 | doi = 10.1093/qjmed/hcn153 | s2cid = 17677540 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Dem make promethazine insyd de 1940s by a team of scientists wey komot Rhône-Poulenc laboratories.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Li JJ |title=Laughing Gas, Viagra, and Lipitor: The Human Stories behind the Drugs We Use |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z-4AQEqbE-MC&pg=PT146 |access-date=9 July 2016 |year=2006 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=[[United Kingdom]] |isbn=978-0-19-988528-2 |page=146}}</ref> Na e be approved for medical use insyd de [[United States]] insyd 1951.<ref name=AHFS2018/> E be a generic medication wey be available under chaw brand names globally.<ref name=brands>{{cite web|title=Promethazine international brands|url=https://www.drugs.com/international/promethazine.html|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=17 July 2017}}</ref> Insyd 2023, na e be de 230th most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 1{{nbsp}}million prescriptions;<ref name="Top 300 of 2023">{{cite web | title=The Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=17 August 2025 | archive-date=17 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250817043812/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Promethazine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/Promethazine | access-date = 17 August 2025 }}</ref> den de combination plus [[dextromethorphan]] be de 252nd most commonly prescribed medication insyd de United States, plus more dan 1{{nbsp}}million prescriptions.<ref>{{cite web | title=The Top 300 of 2023 | url=https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | website=ClinCalc | access-date=17 August 2025 | archive-date=17 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250817043812/https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Top300Drugs.aspx | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Dextromethorphan; Promethazine Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2014 - 2023 | website = ClinCalc | url = https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/DextromethorphanPromethazine | access-date = 17 August 2025 }}</ref> ==Pharmacology== Anoda notable use of promethazine be as a local anesthetic, by blockage of sodium channels.<ref name="JagadishPrasad2010">{{cite book | vauthors = Prasad JP | title = Conceptual Pharmacology | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=s0e_FlM8LKYC&pg=PA295 | access-date = 27 November 2011 | year = 2010 | publisher = Universities Press | isbn = 978-81-7371-679-9 | pages = 295, 303, 598}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |+ Binding to receptors in nM (K_i) |- ! receptor ! K_i (nM) ! ref |- | α1A-adrenoceptor (Rat) | 32 | <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=promethazine {{!}} Ligand Activity Charts {{!}} IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY |url=https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandActivityRangeVisForward?ligandId=7282 |access-date=18 May 2023 |website=www.guidetopharmacology.org |language=en}}</ref> |- | α1B-adrenoceptor (Rat) | 21 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | α1D-adrenoceptor (Human) | 90 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | α2A-adrenoceptor (Human) | 256 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | α2B-adrenoceptor (Human) | 24 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | α2C-adrenoceptor (Human) | 353 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | Calmodulin (Human) | 60000 | <ref name="Bruno_2016">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bruno C, Cavalluzzi MM, Rusciano MR, Lovece A, Carrieri A, Pracella R, Giannuzzi G, Polimeno L, Viale M, Illario M, Franchini C, Lentini G | title = The chemosensitizing agent lubeluzole binds calmodulin and inhibits Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase II | journal = European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry | volume = 116 | issue = | pages = 36–45 | date = June 2016 | pmid = 27043269 | doi = 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.045 }}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bolshan Y, Getlik M, Kuznetsova E, Wasney GA, Hajian T, Poda G, Nguyen KT, Wu H, Dombrovski L, Dong A, Senisterra G, Schapira M, Arrowsmith CH, Brown PJ, Al-Awar R, Vedadi M, Smil D |date=March 2013 |title=Synthesis, Optimization, and Evaluation of Novel Small Molecules as Antagonists of WDR5-MLL Interaction |journal=ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=353–357 |doi=10.1021/ml300467n |pmc=4027439 |pmid=24900672}}</ref> |- | Calmodulin (Bovine) | 50000 | <ref name="Bruno_2016" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> |- | Chloroquine resistance transporter (Plasmodium falciparum) | 85000 |<ref name=":2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Deane KJ, Summers RL, Lehane AM, Martin RE, Barrow RA |date=May 2014 |title=Chlorpheniramine Analogues Reverse Chloroquine Resistance in Plasmodium falciparum by Inhibiting PfCRT |journal=ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=576–581 |doi=10.1021/ml5000228 |pmc=4027738 |pmid=24900883}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> |- | D1 receptor (Human) | 1372 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | D2 receptor (Human) | 260 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | D3 receptor (Human) | 190 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | H1 receptor (Human) | 0.33<ref name=":1" />-1.4<ref name=":3">{{cite journal | vauthors = Nakai T, Kitamura N, Hashimoto T, Kajimoto Y, Nishino N, Mita T, Tanaka C | title = Decreased histamine H1 receptors in the frontal cortex of brains from patients with chronic schizophrenia | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_biological-psychiatry_1991-08-15_30_4/page/349 | journal = Biological Psychiatry | volume = 30 | issue = 4 | pages = 349–356 | date = August 1991 | pmid = 1912125 | doi = 10.1016/0006-3223(91)90290-3 | s2cid = 9715772 }}</ref> | <ref name=":3" /><ref name=":1" /> |- | H2 receptor (Human) | 1146 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | M1 receptor (Human) | 3.32 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | M2 receptor (Human) | 12 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | M3 receptor (Human) | 4.15 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | M4 receptor (Human) | 1.06 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | M5 receptor (Human) | 3.31 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | NET (Norephinephrine transporter) (Human) | 4203 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | Prion protein (Human) | 8000 | <ref name="pmid12904059">{{cite journal | vauthors = Vogtherr M, Grimme S, Elshorst B, Jacobs DM, Fiebig K, Griesinger C, Zahn R | title = Antimalarial drug quinacrine binds to C-terminal helix of cellular prion protein | journal = Journal of Medicinal Chemistry | volume = 46 | issue = 17 | pages = 3563–3564 | date = August 2003 | pmid = 12904059 | doi = 10.1021/jm034093h }}</ref><ref name=":1" /> |- | 5-HT1A receptor (Rat) | 1484 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | 5-HT2A receptor (Human) | 19 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | 5-HT2B receptor (Human) | 43 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | 5-HT2C receptor (Human) | 6.48 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | 5-HT6 receptor (Human) | 1128 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | SERT (Serotonin transporter) (Human) | 2130 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | Sigma1 receptor (Human) | 120 | <ref name=":1" /> |- | OCT1 (Human) | 35100 |<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Ahlin G, Karlsson J, Pedersen JM, Gustavsson L, Larsson R, Matsson P, Norinder U, Bergström CA, Artursson P |date=October 2008 |title=Structural requirements for drug inhibition of the liver specific human organic cation transport protein 1 |journal=Journal of Medicinal Chemistry |volume=51 |issue=19 |pages=5932–5942 |doi=10.1021/jm8003152 |pmid=18788725}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> |} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Subject bar|auto=y|d=y}} [[Category:Antiemetics]] [[Category:Antimigraine drugs]] [[Category:CYP2D6 inhibitors]] [[Category:Dimethylamino compounds]] [[Category:H1 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:HERG blocker]] [[Category:Hypnotics]] [[Category:M1 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M2 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M3 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M4 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M5 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:NMDA receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Phenothiazines]] [[Category:Sodium channel blockers]] [[Category:Sigma receptor modulators]] [[Category:CYP2C9 inhibitors]] [[Category:French inventions]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 54lyex0z4nrdoqx1von81fcoxtemszt 0 26928 112559 108636 2026-09-25T02:50:15Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112559 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Sodium nitrite''' be samtin dey dey use as medication together plus sodium thiosulfate treat [[cyanide poisoning]].<ref name="WHO2008" /> Dem only dey recommend insyd severe cases of cyanide poisoning.<ref name="UK2017">{{Cite web|title=Sodium Nitrite Solution for Injection - Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) - (eMC)|url=https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/32282|website=www.medicines.org.uk|access-date=15 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918184748/https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/32282|archive-date=18 September 2017|df=}}</ref> Menners wey get both cyanide poisoning den [[carbon monoxide poisoning]], dem usually dey recommend sodium thiosulfate.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Baren|first=Jill M.|title=Pediatric Emergency Medicine|date=2008|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-1416000877|page=1018|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=wpvux6RS-jsC&pg=PA1018|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116172656/https://books.google.ca/books?id=wpvux6RS-jsC&pg=PA1018|archive-date=2017-01-16|df=}}</ref> Dem dey take give menners by slow injection go de vein insyd.<ref name="WHO2008">{{Cite book|title=WHO Model Formulary 2008|url=https://archive.org/details/whomodelformular00unse|year=2009|isbn=9789241547659|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|veditors=Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR|hdl=10665/44053|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|hdl-access=free|page=[https://archive.org/details/whomodelformular00unse/page/65 65]}}</ref> Side effects go fi include low blood pressure, headache, shortness of breath, loss of consciousness, den vomiting.<ref name="WHO2008" /> Dem for give greater care to menners plus underlying heart disease.<ref name="WHO2008" /> Menners for check demma levels of methemoglobin regularly during treatment.<ref name="WHO2008" /> While not well studied during [[pregnancy]], Some evidence of potential dey say ego fi harm kiddie.<ref name="Pro2017" /> Dem dey believe say Sodium nitrite dey work by say edey create methemoglobin wey dey bind plus cyanide den remove am from de mitochondria.<ref name="Pro2017">{{Cite web|title=Sodium Nitrite Injection - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses|url=https://www.drugs.com/pro/sodium-nitrite-injection.html|website=www.drugs.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170118044431/https://www.drugs.com/pro/sodium-nitrite-injection.html|archive-date=2017-01-18|df=}}</ref> Dem start dey use Sodium nitrite medically insyd de 1920s den 1930s.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dart|first=Richard C.|title=Medical Toxicology|date=2004|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9780781728454|page=172|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=BfdighlyGiwC&pg=PA172|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116172601/https://books.google.ca/books?id=BfdighlyGiwC&pg=PA172|archive-date=2017-01-16|df=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Bryan|first=Nathan S.|last2=Loscalzo|first2=Joseph|title=Nitrite and Nitrate in Human Health and Disease|date=2011|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=9781607616160|page=226|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=CDkkwVV4aMQC&pg=PA226|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116173748/https://books.google.ca/books?id=CDkkwVV4aMQC&pg=PA226|archive-date=2017-01-16|df=}}</ref> Edey World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines insyd.<ref name="WHO21st">{{Cite book|vauthors=((World Health Organization))|title=World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019|year=2019|hdl=10665/325771|author-link=World Health Organization|publisher=World Health Organization|location=Geneva|id=WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO|hdl-access=free}}</ref> De cost insyd de United States, together plus sodium thiosulfate, be about US$110.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gasco|first=L|last2=Rosbolt|first2=MB|last3=Bebarta|first3=VS|title=Insufficient stocking of cyanide antidotes in US hospitals that provide emergency care|journal=Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics|date=April 2013|volume=4|issue=2|pages=95–102|pmid=23761707|doi=|pmc=3669589}}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite journal | title = Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of sodium nitrite (CAS NO. 7632-00-0) in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (drinking water studies) | journal = National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series | volume = 495 | pages = 7–273 | date = May 2001 | pmid = 12563346 | url = https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/publications/reports/tr/tr495 | author1 = National Toxicology Program}} == External links== {{Commons}} * {{cite web | title = Sodium nitrite | url = http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics1120.htm | work = International Chemical Safety Card | id = 1120 | publisher = IPCS INCHEM}} * {{cite web | vauthors = Epley RJ, Addis PB, Warthesen JJ | date = 2011 | url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110101140455/http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/nutrition/DJ0974.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110101140455/https://web.archive.org/web/20110101140455/http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/nutrition/DJ0974.html | title = Nitrite in Meat | archive-date = 1 January 2011 | work = University of Minnesota}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Sodium Nitrite}} [[Category:Antidotes]] [[Category:Color fixers]] [[Category:Corrosion inhibitors]] [[Category:Curing agents]] [[Category:E-number additives]] [[Category:Food additives]] [[Category:Garde manger]] [[Category:Nitrites]] [[Category:Oxidizing agents]] [[Category:Preservatives]] [[Category:Sodium compounds]] [[Category:World Health Organization essential medicines]] [[Category:Orphan drugs]] [[Category:Multiple Chemboxes|X]] [[Category:Suicide by poison]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] kk8pash4k175wk51t8z329yzfx9avo5 0 26961 112363 98321 2026-09-24T17:55:05Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 3 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112363 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cardiovascular disease''' ('''CVD''') be any disease wey dey involve de [[heart]] anaa blood vessels.<ref name="WHO2011">{{cite book| vauthors = Shanthi M, Pekka P, Norrving B |title=Global Atlas on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control|url=http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241564373_eng.pdf?ua=1|year=2011|publisher=World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization|pages=3–18|isbn=978-92-4-156437-3|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817123106/http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2011/9789241564373_eng.pdf?ua=1|archive-date=2014-08-17}}</ref> CVDs dey include [[coronary artery disease]]s (e.g. angina, [[myocardial infarction|heart attack]]), [[heart failure]], hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease, carditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease, thromboembolic disease, den venous thrombosis.<ref name="WHO2011" /><ref name="GDB20132">{{cite journal |vauthors=Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal |date=January 2015 |title=Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_january-10-16-2015_385_9963/page/117 |journal=Lancet |volume=385 |issue=9963 |pages=117–71 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2 |pmc=4340604 |pmid=25530442 |collaboration=GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators}}</ref> De underlying mechanisms dey vary wey dey depend on de disease.<ref name=WHO2011/> E be estimated say dietary risk factors be associated plus 53% of CVD deaths.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Petersen|first1=Kristina S.|last2=Kris-Etherton|first2=Penny M.|journal=Nutrients|volume=13|issue=12|page=4305|date=2021-11-28|title=Diet quality assessment and the relationship between diet quality and cardiovascular disease risk|doi=10.3390/nu13124305|issn=2072-6643|pmid=34959857|pmc=8706326|doi-access=free}}</ref> Coronary artery disease, stroke, den peripheral artery disease dey involve [[atherosclerosis]].<ref name=WHO2011/> Dis fi be caused by [[hypertension|high blood pressure]], smoking, diabetes mellitus, lack of exercise, [[obesity]], high blood cholesterol, poor diet, excessive alcohol consumption,<ref name=WHO2011/> den poor sleep,<ref name="Jackson2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jackson CL, Redline S, Emmons KM |date=March 2015 |title=Sleep as a potential fundamental contributor to disparities in cardiovascular health |journal=Annual Review of Public Health |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=417–40 |doi=10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031914-122838 |pmc=4736723 |pmid=25785893}}</ref><ref name="Wang2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang R, Dong Y, Weng J, Kontos EZ, Chervin RD, Rosen CL, Marcus CL, Redline S |date=January 2017 |title=Associations among Neighborhood, Race, and Sleep Apnea Severity in Children. A Six-City Analysis |journal=Annals of the American Thoracic Society |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=76–84 |doi=10.1513/AnnalsATS.201609-662OC |pmc=5291481 |pmid=27768852}}</ref> among oda things. High blood pressure be estimated to account for approximately 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco dey account for 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6%, den obesity 5%.<ref name=WHO2011/> Rheumatic heart disease fi follow untreated strep throat.<ref name=WHO2011/> E be estimated say up to 90% of CVD fi be preventable.<ref name=McGill2008>{{cite journal | vauthors = McGill HC, McMahan CA, Gidding SS | title = Preventing heart disease in the 21st century: implications of the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) study | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_circulation_2008-03-04_117_9/page/1216 | journal = Circulation | volume = 117 | issue = 9 | pages = 1216–27 | date = March 2008 | pmid = 18316498 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.717033 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = O'Donnell MJ, Chin SL, Rangarajan S, Xavier D, Liu L, Zhang H, Rao-Melacini P, Zhang X, Pais P, Agapay S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Damasceno A, Langhorne P, McQueen MJ, Rosengren A, Dehghan M, Hankey GJ, Dans AL, Elsayed A, Avezum A, Mondo C, Diener HC, Ryglewicz D, Czlonkowska A, Pogosova N, Weimar C, Iqbal R, Diaz R, Yusoff K, Yusufali A, Oguz A, Wang X, Penaherrera E, Lanas F, Ogah OS, Ogunniyi A, Iversen HK, Malaga G, Rumboldt Z, Oveisgharan S, Al Hussain F, Magazi D, Nilanont Y, Ferguson J, Pare G, Yusuf S | title = Global and regional effects of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with acute stroke in 32 countries (INTERSTROKE): a case-control study | journal = Lancet | volume = 388 | issue = 10046 | pages = 761–75 | date = August 2016 | pmid = 27431356 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30506-2 | s2cid = 39752176 | url = https://repositorio.udes.edu.co/handle/001/3452 | url-access = subscription }}</ref> Prevention of CVD dey involve improving risk factors thru: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke den limiting alcohol intake.<ref name=WHO2011/> Treating risk factors, such as high blood pressure, blood lipids den diabetes sanso be beneficial.<ref name=WHO2011/> Treating people wey get strep throat plus antibiotics fi decrease de risk of rheumatic heart disease.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Spinks |first1=Anneliese |last2=Glasziou |first2=Paul P. |last3=Del Mar |first3=Chris B. |date=2021-12-09 |title=Antibiotics for treatment of sore throat in children and adults |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2021 |issue=12 |article-number=CD000023 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD000023.pub5 |issn=1469-493X |pmc=8655103 |pmid=34881426}}</ref> De use of [[aspirin]] insyd people wey be otherwise healthy be of unclear benefit.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sutcliffe P, Connock M, Gurung T, Freeman K, Johnson S, Ngianga-Bakwin K, Grove A, Gurung B, Morrow S, Stranges S, Clarke A | title = Aspirin in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: a systematic review of the balance of evidence from reviews of randomized trials | journal = PLOS ONE | volume = 8 | issue = 12 | article-number = e81970 | date = 2013 | pmid = 24339983 | pmc = 3855368 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0081970 | bibcode = 2013PLoSO...881970S | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Sutcliffe P, Connock M, Gurung T, Freeman K, Johnson S, Kandala NB, Grove A, Gurung B, Morrow S, Clarke A|date=September 2013|title=Aspirin for prophylactic use in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer: a systematic review and overview of reviews|journal=[[Health Technology Assessment (journal)|Health Technology Assessment]]|volume=17|issue=43|pages=1–253|doi=10.3310/hta17430|pmc=4781046|pmid=24074752}}</ref> Cardiovascular diseases be de leading cause of death worldwide except [[Africa]].<ref name=WHO2011/> Togeda CVD result in 17.9 million deaths (32.1%) insyd 2015, up from 12.3 million (25.8%) insyd 1990.<ref name=GBD2015De>{{cite journal | vauthors = Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, etal | collaboration = GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators | title = Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 | journal = Lancet | volume = 388 | issue = 10053 | pages = 1459–1544 | date = October 2016 | pmid = 27733281 | pmc = 5388903 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1 }}</ref><ref name=GDB2013>{{cite journal | vauthors = Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal | collaboration = GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators | title = Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_january-10-16-2015_385_9963/page/117 | journal = Lancet | volume = 385 | issue = 9963 | pages = 117–71 | date = January 2015 | pmid = 25530442 | pmc = 4340604 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2 }}</ref> Deaths, at a given age, from CVD be more common wey e dey increase insyd much of de developing world, while rates decline insyd chaw of de developed world since de 1970s.<ref name=IOM2010>{{cite book|title=Promoting cardiovascular health in the developing world: a critical challenge to achieve global health|year=2010|publisher=National Academies Press|location=Washington, DC |isbn=978-0-309-14774-3 |chapter=Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease |chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK45688/ | veditors = Fuster V, Kelly BB |author=Institute of Medicine of the National Academies |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908144309/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK45688/ |archive-date=2017-09-08}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Moran AE, Forouzanfar MH, Roth GA, Mensah GA, Ezzati M, Murray CJ, Naghavi M | title = Temporal trends in ischemic heart disease mortality in 21 world regions, 1980 to 2010: the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study | journal = Circulation | volume = 129 | issue = 14 | pages = 1483–92 | date = April 2014 | pmid = 24573352 | pmc = 4181359 | doi = 10.1161/circulationaha.113.004042 }}</ref> Coronary artery disease den stroke dey account for 80% of CVD deaths insyd males den 75% of CVD deaths insyd females.<ref name=WHO2011/> Chaw cardiovascular disease dey affect older adults. Insyd high income countries, de mean age at first cardiovascular disease diagnosis dey lie around 70 years (73 years insyd women, 68 years insyd men).<ref name="Conrad">{{cite journal |last1=Conrad |first1=Nathalie |last2=Molenberghs |first2=Geert |last3=Verbeke |first3=Geert |last4=Zaccardi |first4=Francesco |last5=Lawson |first5=Claire |last6=Friday |first6=Jocelyn M |last7=Su |first7=Huimin |last8=Jhund |first8=Pardeep S |last9=Sattar |first9=Naveed |last10=Rahimi |first10=Kazem |last11=Cleland |first11=John G |last12=Khunti |first12=Kamlesh |last13=Budts |first13=Werner |last14=McMurray |first14=John J V |title=Trends in cardiovascular disease incidence among 22 million people in the UK over 20 years: population based study |journal=BMJ |date=26 June 2024 |volume=385 |article-number=e078523 |doi=10.1136/bmj-2023-078523|pmid=38925788 |pmc=11203392 }}</ref> Insyd de [[United States]] 11% of people between 20 den 40 get CVD, while 37% between 40 den 60, 71% of people between 60 den 80, den 85% of people over 80 get CVD.<ref name=Go2013>{{cite journal | vauthors = Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, Bravata DM, Dai S, Ford ES, Fox CS, Franco S, Fullerton HJ, Gillespie C, Hailpern SM, Heit JA, Howard VJ, Huffman MD, Kissela BM, Kittner SJ, Lackland DT, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Magid D, Marcus GM, Marelli A, Matchar DB, McGuire DK, Mohler ER, Moy CS, Mussolino ME, Nichol G, Paynter NP, Schreiner PJ, Sorlie PD, Stein J, Turan TN, Virani SS, Wong ND, Woo D, Turner MB | title = Heart disease and stroke statistics--2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association | journal = Circulation | volume = 127 | issue = 1 | pages = e6–e245 | date = January 2013 | pmid = 23239837 | pmc = 5408511 | doi = 10.1161/cir.0b013e31828124ad | bibcode = 2013Circu.127124adG }}</ref> De average age of death from coronary artery disease insyd de developed world dey around 80, while e dey around 68 insyd de developing world.<ref name=IOM2010/> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds) WHO fact sheet on cardiovascular diseases] * [https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article-pdf/42/34/3227/40326030/ehab484.pdf 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice] * [http://www.medicinenet.com/heart_disease_coronary_artery_disease/article.htm Heart Disease] MedicineNet Slides, photos, descriptions * [https://www.mdcalc.com/framingham-risk-score-hard-coronary-heart-disease Risk calculator] * [https://kennis-research.shinyapps.io/CVRisk-App/ Interactive CV Risk Calculator] {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Cardiovascular Disease}} [[Category:Aging-associated diseases]] [[Category:Cardiovascular diseases]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] qvxwv2xsa3odq9km6ne2qpc34g4w5qt 0 26971 112489 108376 2026-09-25T01:07:48Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112489 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} A '''hallucination''' be a perception insyd de absence of an external context stimulus wey get de compelling sense of reality.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=El-Mallakh |first1=Rif S. |last2=Walker |first2=Kristin L. |title=Hallucinations, Psuedohallucinations, and Parahallucinations |journal=Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes |date=2010 |volume=73 |issue=1 |pages=34–42 |doi=10.1521/psyc.2010.73.1.34 |pmid=20235616 |url=https://guilfordjournals.com/action/showCitFormats?doi=10.1521%2Fpsyc.2010.73.1.34 |access-date=8 May 2024|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Dem be distinguishable from several related phenomena, such as dreaming (REM sleep), wich no dey involve wakefulness; pseudohallucination, wich no dey mimic real perception, wey be accurately perceived as unreal; illusion, wich dey involve distorted anaa dem misinterprete real perception; den mental imagery, wich no dey mimic real perception, wey be under voluntary control.<ref name="Chiu">{{cite journal|vauthors=Chiu LP|year=1989|title=Differential diagnosis and management of hallucinations|journal=Journal of the Hong Kong Medical Association|volume=t 41|issue=3|pages=292–7|url=http://hkjo.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/2c023b7934fcf5e064bfd487061eaa53.pdf|access-date=2014-05-29|archive-date=2021-02-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224145743/https://hkjo.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/2c023b7934fcf5e064bfd487061eaa53.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Hallucinations sanso differ from "delusional perceptions", insyd wich a correctly sensed den interpreted stimulus (i.e., a real perception) be given sam additional significance.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Adámek |first1=Petr |last2=Langová |first2=Veronika |last3=Horáček |first3=Jiří |date=2022-03-21 |title=Early-stage visual perception impairment in schizophrenia, bottom-up and back again |journal=Schizophrenia |language=en |volume=8 |issue=1 |page=27 |doi=10.1038/s41537-022-00237-9 |pmid=35314712 |issn=2754-6993|pmc=8938488 }}</ref> Hallucinations fi occur insyd any sensory modality—visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, tactile, proprioceptive, equilibrioceptive, nociceptive, thermoceptive den chronoceptive. Hallucinations be referred to as multimodal if multiple sensory modalities occur.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal | vauthors = Montagnese M, Leptourgos P, Fernyhough C, Waters F, Larøi F, Jardri R, McCarthy-Jones S, Thomas N, Dudley R, Taylor JP, Collerton D, Urwyler P | title = A Review of Multimodal Hallucinations: Categorization, Assessment, Theoretical Perspectives, and Clinical Recommendations | journal = Schizophrenia Bulletin | volume = 47 | issue = 1 | pages = 237–248 | date = January 2021 | pmid = 32772114 | doi = 10.31219/osf.io/zebxv | pmc = 7825001 | s2cid = 243338891 }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dudley R, Aynsworth C, Cheetham R, McCarthy-Jones S, Collerton D | title = Prevalence and characteristics of multi-modal hallucinations in people with psychosis who experience visual hallucinations | journal = Psychiatry Research | volume = 269 | pages = 25–30 | date = November 2018 | pmid = 30145297 | doi = 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.032 | s2cid = 52092886 }}</ref> A mild form of hallucination be known as a ''disturbance'', wey fi occur insyd chaw of de senses above. Dese fi be things like seeing movement insyd peripheral vision, anaa hearing faint noises anaa voices. Auditory hallucinations be very common insyd [[schizophrenia]]. Dem fi be benevolent (telling de subject good things about demaselves) anaa malicious (cursing de subject). 55% of auditory hallucinations be malicious in content,<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Auditory Hallucinations in Adult Populations|url=https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/auditory-hallucinations-adult-populations|access-date=2021-02-01|journal=Psychiatric Times|series=Vol 31 No 12|date=30 December 2014|volume=31|issue=12|vauthors=Waters F|archive-date=2022-06-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220607052027/https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/auditory-hallucinations-adult-populations|url-status=live}}</ref> for example, people wey dey talk about de subject, no dey speak to dem directly. Like auditory hallucinations, de source of de visual counterpart sanso fi be behind de subject. Dis fi produce a feeling of being looked anaa stared at, usually plus malicious intent.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Sense of Being Stared At -- Part 1: Is it Real or Illusory? |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233632394}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Auditory Hallucinations |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/23233-auditory-hallucinations |website=clevelandclinic.org}}</ref> Frequently, auditory hallucinations den dema visual counterpart be experienced by de subject togeda.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Waters F, Collerton D, Ffytche DH, Jardri R, Pins D, Dudley R, Blom JD, Mosimann UP, Eperjesi F, Ford S, Larøi F | title = Visual hallucinations in the psychosis spectrum and comparative information from neurodegenerative disorders and eye disease | journal = Schizophrenia Bulletin | volume = 40 | issue = 4 | pages = S233–S245 | date = July 2014 | pmid = 24936084 | pmc = 4141306 | doi = 10.1093/schbul/sbu036 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Hypnagogic hallucinations den hypnopompic hallucinations be considered normal phenomena. Hypnagogic hallucinations fi occur as one wey dey fall asleep den hypnopompic hallucinations dey occur wen one dey wake up. Hallucinations fi be associated plus [[Psychoactive drug|drug]] use (particularly deliriants), sleep deprivation, [[psychosis]] (wey dey include stress-related psychosis<ref>Prateek Varshney, Santosh Kumar Chaturvedi: [https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=pl&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=stress+induced+psychosis&oq=stress-induce#d=gs_qabs&t=1742630032925&u=%23p%3D6TsexlTiHo0J Stress related and stress induced psychosis]</ref>), neurological disorders, den [[delirium tremens]]. Chaw hallucinations sanso dey happen during [[sleep paralysis]].<ref name="newrev2018">{{cite journal | vauthors = Jalal B | title = The neuropharmacology of sleep paralysis hallucinations: serotonin 2A activation and a novel therapeutic drug | journal = Psychopharmacology | volume = 235 | issue = 11 | pages = 3083–3091 | date = November 2018 | pmid = 30288594 | pmc = 6208952 | doi = 10.1007/s00213-018-5042-1 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Na de word "hallucination" einself be introduced into de English language by de 17th-century physician Sir Thomas Browne insyd 1646 from de derivation of de Latin word ''alucinari'' wey dey mean to wander insyd de mind. For Browne, hallucination dey mean a sort of vision wey be "depraved den dey receive[s] ein objects erroneously".<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Browne T | date = 1646 | title = Pseudodoxia Epidemica | volume = III | chapter = XVIII: That Moles are blinde and have no eyes }}</ref> == References == <references /> == Read further == * {{cite book | vauthors = Johnson FH |title=The Anatomy of Hallucinations |date=1978 |publisher=Nelson-Hall |location=Chicago |isbn=0-88229-155-6}} * {{cite book | vauthors = Slade PD, Bentall RP |title=Sensory Deception: A Scientific Analysis of Hallucination |date=1988 |publisher=Croom Helm |location=London Sydney |isbn=0-7099-3961-2}} * {{cite book | vauthors = Aleman A, Larøi F |title=Hallucinations: The Science of Idiosyncratic Perception | url = https://archive.org/details/hallucinationssc0000alem |date=2008 |publisher=American Psychological Association |location=Washington, DC |isbn=978-1-4338-0311-6}} * {{cite book | vauthors = Sacks OW |title=Hallucinations | url = https://archive.org/details/hallucinations00sack_0 |date=2012 |publisher=Knopf |location=New York |isbn=978-0-307-95724-5 |edition=1. American}} == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q130741|c=Category:Hallucination|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=no}} * {{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529110305/http://psychanalyse-paris.com/843-Anthropology-and.html |title=Anthropology and Hallucinations; chapter from ''The Making of Religion'' |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=November 4, 2006 |website=psychanalyse-paris.com |access-date=October 4, 2016 |archive-date=May 29, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529110305/http://psychanalyse-paris.com/843-Anthropology-and.html }} * [https://sites.dartmouth.edu/dujs/2009/11/21/hallucination-a-normal-phenomenon/ Hallucination: A Normal Phenomenon?] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20260224075846/http://www.math.utah.edu/~bresslof/publications/01-1.pdf Geometric visual hallucinations, Euclidean symmetry and the functional architecture of striate cortex] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Hallucinations| ]] [[Category:Medical signs]] [[Category:Nonexistent things]] [[Category:Symptoms den signs of mental disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] ix60ardt86jmmm329k02k6yuug9w20n 0 26994 112315 98446 2026-09-24T16:43:09Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112315 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Chlorpromazine''' ('''CPZ'''), dem market am under de brand names '''Thorazine''' den '''Largactil''' among odas, be an antipsychotic medication.<ref name="AHFS20152">{{cite web |title=Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride |url=https://www.drugs.com/monograph/chlorpromazine-hydrochloride.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208163938/http://www.drugs.com/monograph/chlorpromazine-hydrochloride.html |archive-date=8 December 2015 |access-date=1 December 2015 |publisher=The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists}}</ref> E primarily be used to treat psychotic disorders such as [[schizophrenia]].<ref name="AHFS20152" /> Oda uses dey include de treatment of [[bipolar disorder]], severe behavioral problems insyd kiddies wey dey include those plus [[attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]], nausea den [[vomiting]], anxiety before surgery, den hiccups wey no dey improve dey follow oda measures.<ref name="AHFS20152" /> Dem fi give am orally (by mouth), by intramuscular injection (injection into a muscle), anaa intravenously (injection into a vein).<ref name="AHFS20152" /> Chlorpromazine dey insyd de typical antipsychotic class,<ref name="AHFS20152" /> den, chemically, be one of de phenothiazines. Ein mechanism of action no be entirely clear buh dem dey believe e be related to ein ability as a dopamine antagonist.<ref name="AHFS20152" /> E get antiserotonergic den antihistaminergic properties.<ref name="AHFS20152" /> Common side effects dey include movement problems, sleepiness, dry mouth, low blood pressure upon standing, den increased weight.<ref name="AHFS20152" /> Serious side effects fi include de potentially permanent movement disorder tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, severe lowering of de seizure threshold, den low white blood cell levels.<ref name="AHFS20152" /> Insyd older people plus [[psychosis]] as a result of [[dementia]], e fi increase de risk of death.<ref name="AHFS20152" /> E be unclear if e be safe for use insyd [[pregnancy]].<ref name="AHFS20152" /> Dem develop chlorpromazine insyd 1950 wey e be de first antipsychotic on de market.<ref name="history05">{{cite journal | vauthors = López-Muñoz F, Alamo C, Cuenca E, Shen WW, Clervoy P, Rubio G | title = History of the discovery and clinical introduction of chlorpromazine | journal = Annals of Clinical Psychiatry | volume = 17 | issue = 3 | pages = 113–135 | year = 2005 | pmid = 16433053 | doi = 10.1080/10401230591002002 }}</ref><ref name=Ban2007>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ban TA | title = Fifty years chlorpromazine: a historical perspective | journal = Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment | volume = 3 | issue = 4 | pages = 495–500 | date = August 2007 | pmid = 19300578 | pmc = 2655089 }}</ref> E dey on de World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.<ref name="WHO21st">{{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019 | year = 2019 | hdl = 10665/325771 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | location = Geneva | id = WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO | hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref name="WHO22nd">{{cite book | vauthors = ((World Health Organization)) | title = World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021) | year = 2021 | hdl = 10665/345533 | author-link = World Health Organization | publisher = World Health Organization | location = Geneva | id = WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02 | hdl-access=free }}</ref> Na dem label ein introduction as one of de great advances insyd de history of psychiatry.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = López-Muñoz F, Alamo C, Cuenca E, Shen WW, Clervoy P, Rubio G | title = History of the discovery and clinical introduction of chlorpromazine | journal = Annals of Clinical Psychiatry | volume = 17 | issue = 3 | pages = 113–135 | date = 2005 | pmid = 16433053 | doi = 10.1080/10401230591002002 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book| vauthors = Shorter E |title=A historical dictionary of psychiatry|date=2005|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=New York|isbn=978-0-19-803923-5|page=6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M49pEDoEpl0C&pg=PA6|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170214213428/https://books.google.com/books?id=M49pEDoEpl0C&pg=PA6|archive-date=14 February 2017}}</ref> E be available as a generic medication.<ref name="AHFS20152" /> ==Contraindications== Absolute contraindications dey include: {{div col|colwidth=22em}} * Circulatory depression * CNS depression * Coma * Drug intoxication * Bone marrow suppression * Phaeochromocytoma * Hepatic failure * Active liver disease {{div col end}} * Previous [[hypersensitivity]] (wey dey include [[jaundice]], agranulocytosis, etc.) to phenothiazines, especially chlorpromazine, anaa any of de excipients insyd de formulation dem dey use. Relative contraindications dey include: {{div col|colwidth=30em}} * [[Epilepsy]] * [[Parkinson's disease]] * [[Myasthenia gravis]] * Hypoparathyroidism * Prostatic hypertrophy {{div col end}} Very rarely, elongation of de QT interval, secof hERG blockade, fi occur, wey dey increase de risk of potentially fatal arrhythmias.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Thomas D, Wu K, Kathöfer S, Katus HA, Schoels W, Kiehn J, Karle CA | title = The antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine inhibits HERG potassium channels | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_british-journal-of-pharmacology_2003-06_139_3/page/567 | journal = British Journal of Pharmacology | volume = 139 | issue = 3 | pages = 567–574 | date = June 2003 | pmid = 12788816 | pmc = 1573882 | doi = 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705283 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} [[Category:Alpha-1 blockers]] [[Category:Alpha-2 blockers]] [[Category:Antiaggressive drugs]] [[Category:Antiemetics]] [[Category:Chloroarenes]] [[Category:CYP2D6 inhibitors]] [[Category:Dimethylamino compounds]] [[Category:Galactagogues]] [[Category:Hallucinogen antidotes]] [[Category:Hepatotoxins]] [[Category:HERG blocker]] [[Category:M1 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M2 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M3 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M4 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:M5 receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Phenothiazines]] [[Category:Prolactin releasers]] [[Category:Sigma receptor modulators]] [[Category:Typical antipsychotics]] [[Category:World Health Organization essential medicines]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] rhm62nyr9djt956nh0qboc73a5umgh5 0 27147 112419 110787 2026-09-24T19:30:04Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 2 books for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112419 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Atlantic_Ocean_to_Africa.ogv|thumb|Dem take dis video by de crew of Expedition 29 on board de ISS. De pass dey start from just northeast of de island of Newfoundland over de North Atlantic Ocean to central Africa, over [[South Sudan]].]] De '''Atlantic Ocean''' be de second largest of de world ein five oceanic divisions, plus an area of about 85,133,000 square kilometers (32,870,000 sq mi).<ref name="Atlantic Ocean – Britannica2">{{Cite encyclopedia|title=Atlantic Ocean|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Atlantic-Ocean|access-date=20 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215072935/https://www.britannica.com/place/Atlantic-Ocean|archive-date=15 February 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> E dey cover approximately 17% of [[Earth|Earth ein surface]] den about 24% of ein water surface area. During de Age of Discovery, na e be known for separating de New World of de Americas ([[North America]] den South America) from de Old World of Afro-Eurasia ([[Africa]], Asia, den Europe). Thru ein separation of Afro-Eurasia from de Americas, de Atlantic Ocean play a central role insyd de development of human society, globalization, den de histories of chaw nations. While de Norse be de first known humans to cross de Atlantic, na e be de expedition of Christopher Columbus insyd 1492 wey prove to be de most consequential. Columbus ein expedition usher insyd an age of exploration den colonization of de Americas by European powers, most notably Portugal, Spain, [[French colonial empire|France]], den de United Kingdom. From de 16th to 19th centuries, na de Atlantic Ocean be de center of both [[Atlantic slave trade|an eponymous slave trade]] den de Columbian exchange while occasionally dey host naval battles. Such naval battles, as well as growing trade from regional American powers like de United States den [[Brazil]], both increased in degree during de early 20th century. After World War II, major military operations cam be rarer, though notable postwar conflicts dey include de Cuban Missile Crisis den de Falklands War. De ocean remain a core component of trade around de world. De Atlantic Ocean ein temperatures vary by location. For example, de South Atlantic dey maintain warm temperatures year-round, as ein basin countries be tropical. De North Atlantic maintain a temperate climate, as ein basin countries be temperate wey e get seasons of extremely low temperatures den high temperatures.<ref>{{Cite web |last=SAS |first=Des Clics Nomades |title=Water temperature of the Atlantic Ocean - real time map and monthly temperatures |url=https://www.seatemperatu.re/seas-and-oceans/atlantic-ocean/ |access-date=2025-06-15 |website=SeaTemperatu.re |language=en}}</ref> De Atlantic Ocean dey occupy an elongated, S-shaped basin wey dey extend longitudinally between Europe den Africa to de east, den de Americas to de west. As one component of de interconnected World Ocean, e be connected insyd de north to de Arctic Ocean, to de [[Pacific Ocean]] insyd de southwest, de Indian Ocean insyd de southeast, den de Southern Ocean insyd de south. Oda definitions describe de Atlantic as extending southward to Antarctica. Dem divide de Atlantic Ocean insyd two parts, de northern den southern Atlantic, by de Equator.<ref>[[International Hydrographic Organization]], [https://iho.int/uploads/user/pubs/standards/s-23/S-23_Ed3_1953_EN.pdf ''Limits of Oceans and Seas'', 3rd ed. (1953)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008191433/http://www.iho.int/iho_pubs/standard/S-23/S-23_Ed3_1953_EN.pdf|date=8 October 2011}}, pages 4 and 13.</ref> == Names == [[File:1710_De_La_Feuille_Map_of_Africa_-_Geographicus_-_Africa-lafeuille-1710.jpg|thumb|De Aethiopian Ocean dem depict insyd a 1710 French map of [[Africa]]]] De oldest known dey mention of an "Atlantic" sea cam from Stesichorus around mid-sixth century BC (Sch. A. R. 1. 211):<ref name="MangasPlácido1998">{{Cite book |last=Mangas |first=Julio |url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=pZBSML97Ya0C|page=283}} |title=La Península Ibérica en los autores griegos: de Homero a Platón – SLG / (Sch. A. R. 1. 211) |last2=Plácido |first2=Domingo |last3=Elícegui |first3=Elvira Gangutia |last4=Rodríguez Somolinos |first4=Helena |publisher=Editorial Complutense |year=1998 |page=283}}</ref> Atlantikôi pelágei (Ancient Greek: Ἀτλαντικῷ πελάγει, 'the Atlantic sea', etym. 'Sea of Atlas') den insyd ''The Histories'' of Herodotus around 450 BC (Hdt. 1.202.4): Atlantis thalassa (Ancient Greek: Ἀτλαντὶς θάλασσα, 'Sea of Atlas' anaa 'de Atlantic sea'<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ἀτλαντίς, DGE Diccionario Griego-Español |url=http://dge.cchs.csic.es/xdge/%E1%BC%88%CF%84%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AF%CF%82 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180101191304/http://dge.cchs.csic.es/xdge/%E1%BC%88%CF%84%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AF%CF%82 |archive-date=1 January 2018 |website=dge.cchs.csic.es}}</ref>), wer de name dey refer to "de sea beyond de pillars of Hercules" (de Strait of Gibraltar), beyond de Atlas Mountains insyd Morocco den off de West African coast.<ref name="Oxford-Dict" /> Insyd dese uses, de name dey refer to Atlas, de Titan insyd Greek mythology, wey support de heavens den wey later appear as a frontispiece insyd medieval maps den atlases.<ref name="Oxford-Dict">{{Harvnb|Oxford Dictionaries|2015}}</ref> === Water masses === {| class="wikitable floatright" style="font-size: 0.9em; text-align: center;" |+Temperature-salinity characteristics for Atlantic water masses<ref>{{Harvnb|Emery|Meincke|1986}}</ref> !Water mass !Temperature !Salinity |- ! colspan="3" |Upper waters (0–500 m or 0–1,600 ft) |- | align="left" |Atlantic Subarctic<br /><br />Upper Water (ASUW) |0.0–4.0&nbsp;°C |34.0–35.0 |- | align="left" |Western North Atlantic<br /><br />Central Water (WNACW) |7.0–20&nbsp;°C |35.0–36.7 |- | align="left" |Eastern North Atlantic<br /><br />Central Water (ENACW) |8.0–18.0&nbsp;°C |35.2–36.7 |- | align="left" |South Atlantic<br /><br />Central Water (SACW) |5.0–18.0&nbsp;°C |34.3–35.8 |- ! colspan="3" |Intermediate waters (500–1,500 m anaa 1,600–4,900 ft) |- | align="left" |Western Atlantic Subarctic<br /><br />Intermediate Water (WASIW) |3.0–9.0&nbsp;°C |34.0–35.1 |- | align="left" |Eastern Atlantic Subarctic<br /><br />Intermediate Water (EASIW) |3.0–9.0&nbsp;°C |34.4–35.3 |- | align="left" |Mediterranean Water (MW) |2.6–11.0&nbsp;°C |35.0–36.2 |- | align="left" |Arctic Intermediate Water (AIW) |−1.5–3.0&nbsp;°C |34.7–34.9 |- ! colspan="3" |Deep den abyssal waters (1,500&nbsp;m–bottom anaa 4,900&nbsp;ft–bottom) |- | align="left" |North Atlantic<br /><br />Deep Water (NADW) |1.5–4.0&nbsp;°C |34.8–35.0 |- | align="left" |Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) |−0.9–1.7&nbsp;°C |34.6–34.7 |- | align="left" |Arctic Bottom Water (ABW) |−1.8 to −0.5&nbsp;°C |34.9–34.9 |} == References == [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] <references /> === Sources === * {{cite journal |last1=Acemoglu |first1=Daron |last2=Johnson |first2=Simon |last3=Robinson |first3=James |title=The Rise of Europe: Atlantic Trade, Institutional Change, and Economic Growth |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_american-economic-review_2005-06_95_3/page/546 |journal=American Economic Review |date=June 2005 |volume=95 |issue=3 |pages=546–579 |doi=10.1257/0002828054201305 |hdl=1721.1/64034 }}<!-- {{Harvnb|Acemoglu|Johnson|Robinson|2005}} --> * {{cite journal |last1=Als |first1=Thomas D. |last2=Hansen |first2=Michael M. |last3=Maes |first3=Gregory E. |last4=Castonguay |first4=Martin |last5=Riemann |first5=Lasse |last6=Aarestrup |first6=Kim |last7=Munk |first7=Peter |last8=Sparholt |first8=Henrik |last9=Hanel |first9=Reinhold |last10=Bernatchez |first10=Louis |title=All roads lead to home: panmixia of European eel in the Sargasso Sea |journal=Molecular Ecology |date=April 2011 |volume=20 |issue=7 |pages=1333–1346 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05011.x |pmid=21299662 |bibcode=2011MolEc..20.1333A }}<!-- {{Harvnb|Als|Hansen|Maes|Castonguay|2011}} --> * {{cite journal |last1=Avery |first1=Graham |last2=Halkett |first2=David |last3=Orton |first3=Jayson |last4=Steele |first4=Teresa |last5=Tusenius |first5=Madelon |last6=Klein |first6=Richard |title=The Ysterfontein 1 Middle Stone Age Rock Shelter and the Evolution of Coastal Foraging |journal=Goodwin Series |date=2008 |volume=10 |pages=66–89 |jstor=40650020 }}<!-- {{Harvnb|Avery|Halkett|Orton|Steele|2008}} --> * {{cite journal |last1=Bailey |first1=G |last2=Flemming |first2=N |title=Archaeology of the continental shelf: Marine resources, submerged landscapes and underwater archaeology |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |date=November 2008 |volume=27 |issue=23–24 |pages=2153–2165 |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.08.012 |bibcode=2008QSRv...27.2153B }}<!-- {{Harvnb|Bailey|Flemming|2008}} --> * {{cite journal |last1=Bigg |first1=G. 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Vol. 2 (11th ed.). pp. 855–857. * {{Cite book|title=Atlantic: A Vast Ocean of a Million Stories|url=https://archive.org/details/atlanticvastocea0000winc|last=Winchester|first=Simon|publisher=HarperCollins UK|year=2010|isbn=978-0-00-734137-5|author-link=Simon Winchester}} [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] == External links == {{Sister project links|voy=Atlantic Ocean|wikt=Atlantic Ocean|commons=Atlantic Ocean|q=Atlantic Ocean|v=no|n=no|s=CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Atlantic Ocean|b=no}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090829012101/http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/geoghist/histories/history/hiscountries/A/atlanticocean.html Atlantic Ocean]. Cartage.org.lb (archived) * [https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3320.lh000817/ "Map of Atlantic Coast of North America from the Chesapeake Bay to Florida"] from 1639 via the Library of Congress {{Authority control}} [[Category:Atlantic Ocean| ]] [[Category:Oceans]] [[Category:History of de Atlantic Ocean| ]] [[Category:Landforms of de Atlantic Ocean| ]] [[Category:Oceans wey dey surround Antarctica]] rohefsn97khnpsmlboih3ubs88gn6oq 0 27223 112331 110866 2026-09-24T17:00:52Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112331 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lake Kivu''' be one of de [[African Great Lakes]].<ref name="readersnatural">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/naturalwondersof00sche |title=Natural Wonders of the World |publisher=Reader's Digest Association, Inc |year=1980 |isbn=978-0-89577-087-5 |editor-last=Scheffel |editor-first=Richard L. |location=United States of America |pages=[https://archive.org/details/naturalwondersof00sche/page/206 206]–207 |editor-last2=Wernet |editor-first2=Susan J. |url-access=registration}}</ref> E dey lie for de border between de [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Democratic Republic of de Congo]] den [[Rwanda]] top, den e dey for de Albertine Rift insyd, de western branch of de East African Rift.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Wong |first1=H.-K. |last2=Herzen |first2=R. P. |date=1974-06-01 |title=A Geophysical Study of Lake Kivu, East Africa |journal=Geophysical Journal International |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=371–389 |bibcode=1974GeoJ...37..371W |doi=10.1111/j.1365-246x.1974.tb04091.x |issn=0956-540X |doi-access=free}}</ref> Lake Kivu dey empty into de Ruzizi River, wey dey flow southwards into [[Lake Tanganyika]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=15 June 2020 |title=The Largest Lakes in Africa |url=https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-largest-lakes-in-africa.html |website=WorldAtlas}}</ref> For 1894 insyd, German officer den colonial ruler Gustav Adolf von Götzen be de first European wey dem record to visit de lake. [[File:Gisenyi (6817417653).jpg|thumb|Kivu lake shoreline at Gisenyi, Rwanda]]For de past insyd, Lake Kivu drain toward de north, wey e contribute to de [[White Nile]]. About 13,000 to 9,000 years ago, volcanic activity block Lake Kivu ein outlet to de watershed of de Nile.<ref name="Danley">{{cite journal |last1=Danley |first1=Patrick D. |last2=Husemann |first2=Martin |last3=Ding |first3=Baoqing |last4=Dipietro |first4=Lyndsay M. |last5=Beverly |first5=Emily J. |last6=Peppe |first6=Daniel J. |display-authors=etal |year=2012 |title=The Impact of the Geologic History and Paleoclimate on the Diversification of East African Cichlids |journal=International Journal of Evolutionary Biology |volume=2012 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1155/2012/574851 |pmc=3408716 |pmid=22888465 |doi-access=free}}</ref> De volcanism produce mountains, wey dey include de Virungas, wey rise between Lake Kivu den [[Lake Edward]], to de north.<ref>{{cite book |last=Clark |first=J. D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_r08AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA35 |title=Kalambo Falls Prehistoric Site, Volume 1 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1969 |location=London |page=34 |access-date=16 January 2013}}</ref> Dem then force water from Lake Kivu south down de Ruzizi. Dis, for turn insyd, raise de level of Lake Tanganyika, wey ovaflow down de Lukuga River.<ref name="Danley" /> Lake Kivu be one of three lakes for de world insyd, along plus Lake Nyos den Lake Monoun, dat dey undergo limnic eruptions (wey ovaturn of deepwater stratified layers dey release dissolved carbon dioxide (CO₂)). De lake ein bottom dey sanso contain methane (CH₄). If a limnic eruption dey occur, de lives of de two million pippoe wey dey live nearby go be for danger insyd. == Geography == Lake Kivu dey approximately {{Convert|42|km|abbr=on}} long den {{Convert|50|km|abbr=on}} at ein widest.<ref name="readersnatural" /> Ein irregular shape dey make measuring ein precise surface area difficult; dem estimate am to cover a total surface area of sam {{convert|2700|km2|sqmi|-1|abbr=on}}, wey e make am Africa ein eighth largest lake.<ref name=":0" /> De surface of de lake dey sit at a height of {{convert|1460|m|ft|-1}} above sea level. Dis lake get a chance of suffering a limnic eruption every 1000 years.<ref name="readersnatural" /> De lake get a maximum depth of {{convert|475|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} den a mean depth of {{convert|220|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, wey e make am de world ein twentieth deepest lake by maximum depth, den de thirteenth deepest by mean depth.<ref name="readersnatural" /> De lake bed dey sit upon a rift valley wey dem slowly pull am apart, wey e cause volcanic activity for de area insyd. De world ein tenth-largest island for a lake insyd, Idjwi, dey lie for Lake Kivu insyd === Human geography === Sam {{convert|1,370|km2|0}} anaa 58 percent of de lake ein waters dey lie within DRC borders.<ref name=":0" /> Settlements for de lake ein shore top dey include Bukavu, Kabare, Kalehe, Sake den Goma for de Democratic Republic of the Congo insyd, den Gisenyi, Kibuye, den Cyangugu for Rwanda insyd. For early 2025 insyd, during de M23 campaign, de Rwandan military occupy all settlements for de Congolese side of de lake ein shores insyd den de M23 Movement, plus provincial capital Goma wey dem capture for January insyd den all settlements wey dey under M23 control as of early March.<ref name=":015">{{Cite web |date=14 March 2025 |title=RDC: sur les 8 territoires que compte le Sud-Kivu, 7 sont désormais sous occupation après l'arrivée sans combat des rebelles de l'AFC/M23 au territoire insulaire d'Idjwi |trans-title=DRC: Of the eight territories in South Kivu, seven are now under occupation following the arrival of AFC/M23 rebels in the island territory of Idjwi without a fight |url=https://actualite.cd/index.php/2025/03/14/rdc-sur-les-8-territoires-que-compte-le-sud-kivu-7-sont-desormais-sous-occupation-apres |access-date=14 March 2025 |website=[[Actualite.cd]] |language=fr}}</ref> For 12 March insyd, M23 land for Idjwi island top, wey e occupy am without resistance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Congo War Security Review, March 4, 2025 |url=https://www.criticalthreats.org/briefs/congo-war-security-review/congo-war-security-review-march-4-2025 |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=Critical Threats}}</ref> == Chemistry == Lake Kivu be a meromictic lake wey dey contain a freshwater surface layer dat dey becam more saline plus depth, plus a salinity wey dey approach 6 g/kg near de bottom.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Sommer |first1=Tobias |last2=Schmid |first2=Martin |last3=Wüest |first3=Alfred |date=2019 |title=The role of double diffusion for the heat and salt balance in Lake Kivu |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11066 |journal=Limnology and Oceanography |language=en |volume=64 |issue=2 |pages=650–660 |bibcode=2019LimOc..64..650S |doi=10.1002/lno.11066 |issn=1939-5590}}</ref> Along plus Cameroonian Lake Nyos den Lake Monoun, Lake Kivu be one of three dat dem know to undergo limnic eruptions (wey ovaturn of deepwater stratified layers dey release dissolved carbon dioxide). Around de lake, researchers find evidence of massive local extinctions about every thousand years, wey outgassing events presumably cause am. De trigger give lake ovaturns for Lake Kivu insyd, dem no know am, but volcanic activity den changes for climate insyd, dem suspect both.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fowkes |first1=Neville |url=https://www.wits.ac.za/media/wits-university/conferences/misgsa/documents/2018/LakeKivuReportRefereedFinal.pdf |title=Proceedings of the Mathematics in Industry Study Group: Emissions from Lake Kivu |last2=Mason |first2=David |last3=Hutchinson |first3=A.J. |date=2018 |publisher=University of the Witwatersrand |isbn=978-0-9870336-8-0 |pages=27–73 |access-date=11 October 2022}}</ref> De gaseous chemical composition of exploding lakes be unique to each lake. For Lake Kivu ein case, e dey include methane (CH₄) den carbon dioxide (CO₂), as a result of lake water interaction plus volcanic hot springs.<ref name="Wenz">{{cite journal |last1=Wenz |first1=John |year=2020 |title=The danger lurking in an African lake |journal=Knowable Magazine |doi=10.1146/knowable-100720-1 |s2cid=225118318 |doi-access=free}}</ref> De amount of methane wey dem contain am at de bottom of de lake, dem estimate am to be {{convert|65|km3|0}}. If dem burn am for a modern combined-cycle generating plant insyd, dat amount of methane go generate around 40,000 megawatts give an entire year, wey dey equivalent to de power output equivalent to six times dat of de Grand Coulee Dam at peak springtime power. De lake sanso dey hold an estimated {{convert|256|km3|0}} of carbon dioxide wey, if dem release am for an eruption event insyd, e fi suffocate all of de inhabitants of de lakeshore.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Explosive Hazard Hiding in an African Lake |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/explosive-hazard-hiding-african-lake-180976024/ |work=Smithsonian Magazine}}</ref> De water temperature be {{convert|24|C}}, den de pH dey about 7 for de anoxic region insyd, den around 9 for de oxygenated waters insyd.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Njala University, Sierra Leone |last2=Olapade |first2=Oj |last3=Omitoyin |first3=Bo |last4=University of Ibadan, Nigeria |date=2012-08-03 |title=Anthropogenic pollution impact on physico-chemical characteristics of Lake Kivu, Rwanda |journal=African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development |volume=12 |issue=53 |pages=6517–6536 |doi=10.18697/ajfand.53.9840 |hdl=1807/55851 |s2cid=70874696 |hdl-access=free}}</ref> Dem report say microbial reduction of de volcanic produce methane (CO₂).<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nayar |first1=Anjali |year=2009 |title=A lakeful of trouble |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_2009-07-16_460_7253/page/321 |journal=Nature |volume=460 |issue=7253 |pages=321–323 |doi=10.1038/460321a |pmid=19606123 |doi-access=free}}</ref> A future ovaturn den gas release from de deep waters of Lake Kivu go result for catastrophe insyd, wey dey dwarf de historically lake ovaturns dem document at de much smaller Lakes Nyos den Monoun. De lives of de approximately two million pippoe wey live for de lake basin area insyd, dem go threaten am.<ref name="Wenz" /> Cores from de Bukavu Bay area of de lake reveal dat de bottom get layered deposits of de rare mineral monohydrocalcite wey dem interlay plus diatoms, for top of sapropelic sediments plus high pyrite content. Dem find'em at three different intervals. Dem believe de sapropelic layers to be related to hydrothermal discharge den de diatoms to a bloom wey reduce de carbon dioxide levels low enough to precipitate monohydrocalcite.<ref>"Stoffers, P., and Fischbeck, R. (1974) Monohydrocalcite in the sediments of Lake Kivu (East Africa) ''Sedimentology'', 21, 163–170.</ref> Scientists hypothesize dat sufficient volcanic interaction plus de lake ein bottom water dat get high gas concentrations go heat water, force de methane out of de water, spark a methane explosion, den trigger a nearly simultaneous release of carbon dioxide, though de entry of 1 million cubic meters of lava during de January 2002 eruption get no effect.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Seach |first=John |date=January 17–25, 2002 |title=Archived Volcano News - John Seach |url=https://volcanolive.com/news16.html |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=volcanolive.com}}</ref><ref name="solidarites">{{cite web |author=Halbwachs |display-authors=etal |date=2002-03-09 |title=Investigations in Lake Kivu (East Central Africa) after the Nyiragongo Eruption of January 2002: Specific study of the impact of the sub-water lava inflow on the lake stability |url=https://www.eawag.ch/forschung/surf/gruppen/kivu/publications/Halbwachs_2002_Investigations_in_Lake_Kivu.pdf |access-date=2012-12-21 |publisher=Solidarities}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20040917101646/http://www.eawag.ch/research_e/apec/Scripts/Lorke_publication_lake_kivu_2002.pdf mirror]</ref> De carbon dioxide go then suffocate large numbers of pippoe for de lake basin insyd as de gases roll off de lake surface. E sanso dey possible say de lake fi spawn lake tsunamis as gas dey explode out of am.<ref name="Rwanda and DRC Sign Agreement Over L. Kivu Methane Gas Exploration">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=November 21, 2015 |title=Rwanda and DRC Sign Agreement Over L. Kivu Methane Gas Exploration |url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rwanda-and-drc-sign-agreement-over-l-kivu-methane-gas-exploration/ |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=newsghana.com.gh |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Killer Lakes">{{Cite web |date=April 4, 2002 |title=Killer Lakes - Transcript |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/science/horizon/2001/killerlakestrans.shtml |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070928142857/http://walrusmagazine.ca/articles/2006.05-field-notes-in-the-shadow-of-doom/ "In the Shadow of Doom"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928142857/http://walrusmagazine.ca/articles/2006.05-field-notes-in-the-shadow-of-doom/|date=2007-09-28}}, ''The Walrus'', May 2006</ref> Dem begin to understand de risk wey Lake Kivu pose during de analysis of more recent events at Lake Nyos. Dem originally think Lake Kivu ein methane to be merely a cheap natural resource give export, den give de generation of cheap power. Once de mechanisms wey cause lake ovaturns begin to be understood, so do awareness of de risk de lake pose to de local population. Dem install an experimental vent pipe at Lake Nyos for 2001 insyd to remove gas from de deep water, but such a solution give de much larger Lake Kivu go dey considerably more expensive. De approximately {{convert|500|e6LT|e6MT|order=flip}} of carbon dioxide for de lake insyd be a little under 2 percent of de amount wey human fossil fuel burning release am annually. Therefore, de process of releasing am fi potentially get costs beyond simply building den operating de system. Dis problem wey dem associate plus de prevalence of methane be dat of mazuku, de Swahili term "evil wind" give de outgassing of methane den carbon dioxide dat dey kill pippoe den animals, den fi even kill vegetation when for high enough concentration insyd. === Methane extraction === [[File:Methane extraction platform at Lake Kivu.jpg|thumb|A methane extraction platform, Gisenyi, Rwanda.]]Dem recently find Lake Kivu to contain approximately {{convert|55|e9m3|e12cuft|abbr=unit}} of dissolved biogas at a depth of {{convert|300|m|ft|-2}}. Until 2004, dem do extraction of de gas for a small scale top, plus dem use extracted gas to run boilers at de Bralirwa brewery for Gisenyi insyd.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20060224004457/http://www.avec.co.za/casestudies/cs_08.htm "Case Studies : Recovery of Gas from Lake Kivu – The Goats of Rwanda"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060224004457/http://www.avec.co.za/casestudies/cs_08.htm|date=2006-02-24}}, Added Value Engineering Consultants, accessed 4 May 2007</ref><ref name="powerhouse">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/6624395.stm|title=Rwanda's Underwater Powerhouse|date=May 4, 2007|access-date=2008-02-05|author=Adam Mynott|work=BBC News}}</ref> As far as large-scale exploitation of dis resource dey concern, de Rwandan government negotiate plus a number of parties to extract methane from de lake. == Biology den fisheries == [[File:Lake Kivu, boats.jpg|thumb|Fishing boats for Lake Kivu top, 2009]] [[File:An aerial of Paradis Malahide island in Lake Kivu with the area of 2,700 km². Emmanuel Kwizera.jpg|thumb|Paradis Malahide Island within de lake]] [[File:View of the sky and its reflection on Lake Kivu.jpg|thumb|De sky wey reflect for Lake Kivu top]]De fish fauna for Lake Kivu insyd be relatively poor plus 28 described species, wey dey include four introduced species.<ref name="FishSnoeks">{{cite journal |last1=Snoeks |first1=J |last2=De Vos |first2=L. |last3=Thys van den Audenaerde |first3=D. |date=1997 |title=The ichthyogeography of lake Kivu |journal=South African Journal of Science |volume=93 |pages=579–584}}</ref> De natives be de Lake Rukwa minnow (''Raiamas moorii''), four species of barb (ripon barbel, ''Barbus altianalis'', East African red-finned barb, ''Enteromius apleurogramma'', redspot barb, ''E. kerstenii'' den Pellegrin's barb, ''E. pellegrini''), an ''Amphilius'' catfish, two ''Clarias'' catfish (''C. liocephalus'' den ''C. gariepinus''), Nile tilapia (''Oreochromis niloticus'') den 15 endemic ''Haplochromis'' cichlids.<ref name="FishSnoeks" /> Another {{circa|20}} possibly undescribed species of cichlids, dem know from de lake.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Walker |first1=J. |year=2013 |title=How many species are there in Lake Kivu? |url=https://www.eawag.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/tx_userprofiles/upload/walkerjo/Bachelor_Thesis_Jonas_Walker_August_2013_Lake_Kivu.pdf |publisher=University of Bern|date=2013|journal=Institute of Ecology and Evolution}}</ref> De species dem introduce be three cichlids, de longfin tilapia (''Oreochromis macrochir''), blue-spotted tilapia (''O. leucostictus'') den redbreast tilapia (''Coptodon rendalli''), den a clupeid, de Lake Tanganyika sardine (''Limnothrissa miodon'')<ref name="FishSnoeks" /><ref name="Collart">{{cite journal |last=Collart |first=A. |date=1960 |title=L'introduction du 'Stolothrissa tanganicae' (Ndagala) au lac Kivu |url=https://ineac.africamuseum.be./catalog/11887 |journal=Bulletin Agricole du Congo Belge |series=Hosted at Agricultural Research Archive for DRC, Rwanda and Burundi, 1885-1960 |language=French |volume=51 |issue=4}}</ref><ref name="Capart">{{cite journal |last=Capart |first=A. |date=1959 |title=A propos de l'introduction du Ndakala (Stolothrissa tanganikae) dans le lac Kivu |url=https://ineac.africamuseum.be./catalog/11546 |journal=Bulletin Agricole du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Burundi |language=French |volume=50 |issue=4}}</ref> Dem refer sardine to locally as 'Ndagala' anaa 'Isambaza'.<ref name="Collart 1989">{{cite book |last=Collart |first=Alphonse |url=https://www.fao.org/3/AD174F/AD174F00.htm#TOC |title=Compte rendu du seminaire trente ans apres l'introduction de l'Isambaza au lac Kivu (RWA/87/012/DOC/TR/16) |date=June 1989 |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization]] of the United Nations |place=Gisenyi, Rwanda |language=French |chapter=Introduction et acclimatation de l'Isambaza du lac Tanganyika au lac Kivu}}</ref> De exploitable stock of de Lake Tanganyika sardine, dem estimate am at {{convert|2000|–|4000|MT|LT}} per year.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Marshall |first=B. E. |year=1991 |title=Seasonal and annual variations in the abundance of the clupeid Limnothrissa miodon in lake Kivu |url=https://archive.org/details/journal-fish-biology_1991-11_39_5/page/641 |journal=Journal of Fish Biology |volume=39 |issue=5 |pages=641–648 |bibcode=1991JFBio..39..641M |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8649.1991.tb04394.x}}</ref> Dem introduce am to Lake Kivu for late 1959 insyd by de Belgian agronomist Alphonse Collart.<ref name="Collart" /><ref name="Capart" /> An attempt to introduce de similar Lake Tanganyika sprat (''Stolothrissa tanganicae'') at de same time be unsuccessful.<ref name="Collart 1989" /> At present, Lake Kivu be de sole natural lake for wey ''L. miodon'', a sardine dem originally restrict to Lake Tanganyika, dem introduce am initially to fill an empty niche. Prior to de introduction, no planktivorous fish dey present for de pelagic waters of Lake Kivu insyd. For de early 1990s insyd, de number of fishers for de lake top be 6,563, wey 3,027 dey associated plus de pelagic fishery den 3,536 plus de traditional fishery. De widespread armed conflict for de surrounding region insyd from de mid-1990s result for a decline for de fisheries harvest insyd.<ref name="FAO">{{Cite web |date=January 2001 |title=INFORMATION ON FISHERIES MANAGEMENT IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO |url=https://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060315065154/https://www.fao.org/fi/fcp/en/COD/BODY.HTM |archive-date=March 15, 2006 |access-date=June 26, 2023 |website=fao.org}}</ref> Following dis introduction, de sardine gain substantial economic den nutritional importance give de lakeside human population but from an ecosystem standpoint, de introduction of planktivorous fish fi result for important modifications of plankton community structure insyd. Recent observations show de disappearance during de last decades of a large grazer, ''Daphnia curvirostris'', den de dominance of mesozooplankton community by three species of cyclopoid copepod: ''Thermocyclops consimilis'', ''Mesocyclops aequatorialis'' den ''Tropocyclops confinis''.<ref>{{cite book |last=Isumbisho |first=M |title=Zooplankton ecology of Lake Kivu (Eastern Africa) |publisher=University of Namur |year=2006 |isbn=978-2-87037-534-1 |location=Belgium}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Isumbisho |first1=M. |last2=Sarmento |first2=H. |last3=Kaningini |first3=B. |last4=Micha |first4=J.-C. |last5=Descy |first5=J.-P. |date=2006 |title=Zooplankton of Lake Kivu, East Africa, half a century after the Tanganyika sardine introduction |url=http://www.icm.csic.es/bio/projects/icmicrobis/fitxes/Personal_webs/Sarmento/pdf/Isumbisho%20et%20al%202006_JPR_Zooplankton%20of%20Lake%20Kivu.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Journal of Plankton Research |volume=28 |issue=11 |pages=971–989 |doi=10.1093/plankt/fbl032 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312092135/http://www.icm.csic.es/bio/projects/icmicrobis/fitxes/Personal_webs/Sarmento/pdf/Isumbisho%20et%20al%202006_JPR_Zooplankton%20of%20Lake%20Kivu.pdf |archive-date=2012-03-12 |access-date=2011-04-23 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Dem release first comprehensive phytoplankton survey for 2006 insyd.<ref name="Sarmento 2006">{{cite book |last=Sarmento |first=H. |url=http://www.icm.csic.es/bio/projects/icmicrobis/fitxes/Personal_webs/Sarmento/pdf/Thesis_Sarmento_Lake%20Kivu.pdf |title=Phytoplankton ecology of Lake Kivu (Eastern Africa) |publisher=University of Namur |year=2006 |isbn=978-2-87037-532-7 |location=Belgium |access-date=2011-04-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160117042508/http://www.icm.csic.es/bio/projects/icmicrobis/fitxes/Personal_webs/Sarmento/pdf/Thesis_Sarmento_Lake%20Kivu.pdf |archive-date=2016-01-17 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Plus an annual average chlorophyll for de mixed layer insyd of 2.2&#x20;mg m⁻³ den low nutrient levels for de euphotic zone insyd, de lake be clearly oligotrophic. Diatoms be de dominant group for de lake insyd, particularly during de dry season episodes of deep mixing. During de rainy season, de stratified water column, plus high light den lower nutrient availability, favour dominance of cyanobacteria plus high numbers of phototrophic picoplankton.<ref name="Sarmento 2006" /><ref>{{cite journal |last=Sarmento |first=H. |author2=Isumbisho, M |author3=Descy, JP |year=2006 |title=Phytoplankton ecology of Lake Kivu (eastern Africa) |url=http://www.icm.csic.es/bio/projects/icmicrobis/fitxes/Personal_webs/Sarmento/pdf/Sarmento%20et%20al%202006_JPR_Phytoplankton%20ecology%20of%20Lake%20Kivu.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Journal of Plankton Research |volume=28 |issue=9 |pages=815–829 |doi=10.1093/plankt/fbl017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032642/http://www.icm.csic.es/bio/projects/icmicrobis/fitxes/Personal_webs/Sarmento/pdf/Sarmento%20et%20al%202006_JPR_Phytoplankton%20ecology%20of%20Lake%20Kivu.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-24 |access-date=2011-04-23 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Sarmento |first=H. |display-authors=etal |year=2008 |title=Abundance and distribution of picoplankton in tropical, oligotrophic Lake Kivu, eastern Africa |url=http://www.icm.csic.es/bio/projects/icmicrobis/fitxes/Personal_webs/Sarmento/pdf/Sarmento%20et%20al%202008_Freshwater%20Biol_Tropical%20picoplankton.pdf |journal=Freshwater Biology |volume=53 |issue=4 |pages=756–771 |bibcode=2008FrBio..53..756S |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01939.x}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Sarmento |first=H. |display-authors=etal |year=2007 |title=Species diversity of pelagic algae of Lake Kivu (East Africa) |url=http://www.icm.csic.es/bio/projects/icmicrobis/fitxes/Personal_webs/Sarmento/pdf/Sarmento%20et%20al%202007_Cryptogamie%20Algologie_Phyto%20diversity%20Lake%20Kivu.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Cryptogamie-Algologie |volume=28 |issue=3 |pages=245:269 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032655/http://www.icm.csic.es/bio/projects/icmicrobis/fitxes/Personal_webs/Sarmento/pdf/Sarmento%20et%20al%202007_Cryptogamie%20Algologie_Phyto%20diversity%20Lake%20Kivu.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-24 |access-date=2011-04-23}}</ref> De actual primary production be 0.71&#x20;g C m⁻² d⁻¹ (≈ 260&#x20;g C m⁻² a⁻¹).<ref>{{cite journal |last=Sarmento |first=H. |display-authors=etal |year=2009 |title=Phytoplankton ecology of Lake Kivu (eastern Africa): biomass, production and elemental ratios |url=http://www.icm.csic.es/bio/projects/icmicrobis/fitxes/Personal_webs/Sarmento/pdf/Sarmento%20et%20al%202009_SIL.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology, Vol 30, Pt 5, Proceedings |volume=30 |issue=5 |pages=709–713 |bibcode=2009SILP...30..709S |doi=10.1080/03680770.2009.11902221 |hdl=2268/139009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032734/http://www.icm.csic.es/bio/projects/icmicrobis/fitxes/Personal_webs/Sarmento/pdf/Sarmento%20et%20al%202009_SIL.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-24 |access-date=2011-04-23}}</ref> A study of evolutionary genetics show dat de cichlids from lakes for northern Virunga insyd (e.g., [[Lake Edward|Edward]], George, [[Lake Victoria|Victoria]]) go fi dey evolve for a "proto-lake Kivu" insyd, much older dan intense volcanic activity (20,000-25,000 years ago) wey cut de connection.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Verheyen |first=E. |year=2003 |title=Origin of the Superflock of Cichlid Fishes from Lake Victoria, East Africa |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2003-04-11_300_5617/page/325 |journal=Science |volume=300 |issue=5617 |pages=325–329 |bibcode=2003Sci...300..325V |citeseerx=10.1.1.584.2497 |doi=10.1126/science.1080699 |pmid=12649486 |s2cid=84478005}}</ref> De elevation of de mountains west of de lake (wey currently be de Kahuzi-Biega National Park, one of de largest reserves of eastern lowland (anaa Grauer's) gorillas for de world insyd), wey dem combine plus de elevation of de eastern rift (wey dem locate for eastern Rwanda insyd) go dey responsible give de drainage of water from central Rwanda for de actual Lake Kivu insyd. Lack of consistent geological evidence challenge dis concept of "proto-lake Kivu"<ref>{{cite journal |last=Stager |first=J. C. |year=2003 |title=Comment on "Origin of the Superflock of Cichlid Fishes from Lake Victoria, East Africa" |journal=Science |volume=304 |issue=5673 |pages=963b |doi=10.1126/science.1091978 |pmid=15143263 |doi-access=}}</ref>, although de cichlid ein molecular clock dey suggest de existence of a lake much older dan de commonly cited 15,000 years. Lake Kivu be de home of four species of freshwater crab, wey dey include two non-endemics (''Potamonautes lirrangensis'' den ''P. mutandensis'') den two endemics (''P. bourgaultae'' den ''P. idjwiensis'').<ref name="crabs">Cumberlidge, N., and Meyer, K. S. (2011). ''[http://commons.nmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1029&context=facwork_journalarticles A revision of the freshwater crabs of Lake Kivu, East Africa.]'' Journal Articles. Paper 30.</ref> Among Rift Valley lakes, Lake Tanganyika den Lake Victoria be de only oda plus endemic freshwater crabs.<ref name="crabs" /><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cumberlidge |first1=Neil |last2=Clark |first2=Paul F. |date=2017 |title=Description of three new species of Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838 from the Lake Victoria region in southern Uganda, East Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae) |journal=European Journal of Taxonomy |issue=371 |doi=10.5852/ejt.2017.371 |hdl=10141/622400 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> === Illegal fishing === For 2018 insyd, dem record ova 400 cases of potential illegal fishing for Lake Kivu top. According to de Animal Research den Technology Transfer at de Rwanda Agricultural Board, fish production for Kivu Lake insyd drop from 24,199 tonnes for de 2017–2018 fishing season insyd to 16,194 tonnes for 2019–2020 insyd,<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 January 2021 |title=Illicit fishing threatens biodiversity in Lake Kivu |url=https://www.newtimes.co.rw/article/183562/News/illicit-fishing-threatens-biodiversity-in-lake-kivu |access-date=2023-06-23}}</ref> wey Deputy Director Solange Uwituze attribute to fishing methods dat dey affect fish reproduction. Between May den July 2020, Rwanda Police Marine Unit operations report 27 cases wey dey include 10 poachers dem arrest give illegal fishing for de lake top.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ENACTAfrica.org |date=2022-01-31 |title=Tipping the scales of illicit fishing in Lake Kivu |url=https://enactafrica.org/enact-observer/tipping-the-scales-of-illicit-fishing-in-lake-kivu |access-date=2022-03-24 |website=ENACT Africa |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ISSAfrica.org |date=2022-02-02 |title=Tipping the scales of illicit fishing in Lake Kivu |url=https://issafrica.org/iss-today/tipping-the-scales-of-illicit-fishing-in-lake-kivu |access-date=2022-03-24 |website=ISS Africa |language=en}}</ref> == Islands == * Idjwi (part of Idjwi Territory, South Kivu Province) * Nyamunini (dem sanso know am Napoleon Island) * Amahoro * Iwawa == Gallery == <gallery widths="175" heights="120"> File:Lake_Kivu_2021.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lake_Kivu_2021.jpg| Lake Kivu from Sake, Goma, D R Congo File:Goma,_Lake_Kivu,_DRC_(Zaire_-_Congo),_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Goma,_Lake_Kivu,_DRC_(Zaire_-_Congo),_Photo_by_Sascha_Grabow.jpg| Lake Kivu plus Goma for de background insyd, Congo File:Img_Lake_Kivu100222_2.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Img_Lake_Kivu100222_2.jpg| Lake Kivu dey separate Bukavu (For de foreground insyd) den Cyangugu (For de background insyd) as dem see from Tumbimbi. </gallery> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kivu}} [[Category:Lake Kivu| ]] [[Category:African Great Lakes]] [[Category:Democratic Republic of the Congo–Rwanda border]] [[Category:International lakes of Africa]] [[Category:Lakes of de Great Rift Valley]] [[Category:Lakes of de Democratic Republic of the Congo]] [[Category:Lakes of Rwanda]] [[Category:Meromictic lakes]] [[Category:Limnically active lakes]] [[Category:World Heritage Sites insyd de Democratic Republic of the Congo]] [[Category:World Heritage Sites insyd Rwanda]] mafxy8h2l736p9tqunluqycbp9tcsgh 0 27229 112371 110909 2026-09-24T18:08:12Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112371 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Mwamongu water source.jpg|thumb|Mwamanogu Village water source, [[Tanzania]]. Insyd Meatu District, Shinyanga Region, water most often dey cam from open holes dug insyd de sand of dry riverbeds, den e be invariably contaminated.]] De main causes of '''water scarcity insyd Africa''' be physical den economic water scarcity, rapid population growth, den de effects of climate change on de water. Water scarcity be wen fresh water resources no dey to meet de standard water demand.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Water Scarcity {{!}} Threats {{!}} WWF|url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/water-scarcity|access-date=2020-11-29|website=World Wildlife Fund|language=en}}</ref> De rainfall insyde sub-Saharan Africa be highly seasonal den unevenly distributed, leading to frequent [[flood]]s den droughts.<ref name="WFL">{{cite web|title=International Decade for Action: Water for Life 2005-2015|url=https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/africa.shtml|access-date=1 April 2013}}</ref> De Food den Agriculture Organization of de United Nations report insyde 2012 dat growing water scarcity be now one of de leading challenges for sustainable development.<ref>FAO (2012). [https://www.fao.org/3/i3015e/i3015e.pdf Coping with water scarcity - An action framework for agriculture and food security], FAO Rome.</ref> Dis be secof an increasing number of river basins reach conditions of water scarcity. De reasons for dis be de combined demands of agriculture den oda sectors. Water scarcity insyd Africa get several impacts. Dem range from health, particularly wey dey affect women den kiddies, to education, agricultural productivity, den sustainable development. E sanso fi lead to more water conflicts. To adequately address de issue of water scarcity insyd Africa, de [[United Nations Economic Commission for Africa]] dey emphasize de need to invest insyd de development of Africa ein potential water resources. Dis would improve food security den water security, den protect economic gains by effectively managing droughts, floods den [[desertification]].<ref name="uneca">{{cite web |title=Management Options to Enhance Survival and Growth |url=http://www.uneca.org/awich/Water%20in%20Africa.pdf |access-date=18 March 2012 |archive-date=7 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200507163348/https://www.uneca.org/awich/Water%20in%20Africa.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> == Scale == [[File:Local Girls in Babile Ethiopia 2012.jpg|thumb|Local girls from Babile (Ethiopia) fill plastic water containers at de area ein main water source.]] Sub-Saharan Africa get de largest number of water-stressed countries of any oda place on de planet den of an estimated 800 million people wey dey live insyd Africa, 300 million live insyd a water-stressed environment.<ref name="IaC">{{cite web|title=Archive: Conference on Water Scarcity in Africa: Issues and Challenges|url=http://www.gisclimat.fr/manifestation-scientifique/conf%C3%A9rence-%E2%80%9Cwater-scarcity-africa-issues-and-challenges%E2%80%9D|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401234042/http://www.gisclimat.fr/manifestation-scientifique/conf%C3%A9rence-%E2%80%9Cwater-scarcity-africa-issues-and-challenges%E2%80%9D|archive-date=1 April 2016|access-date=11 November 2016}}</ref> Insyd 2012, e be estimate dat by 2030, 75 million to 250 million people insyd Africa go live insyd areas of high water stress.<ref name="IaC"/> Dis go likely displace anywhere between 24 million den 700 million people as conditions becam increasingly unlivable.<ref name="IaC"/> Africa be de second driest continent insyd de world, plus millions of Africans still dey suffer from water shortages thru out de year.<ref name=":72">{{Cite web |title=Water in Africa |url=https://studyres.com/doc/1079263/water-in-africa |access-date=2020-11-28 |website=studyres.com}}</ref> Dese shortages be attributed to problems of uneven distribution, population growth den poor management of existing supplies. Sam times der be smaller numbers of people wey dey reside wer der be large amount of water. For example, 30 percent of de continent ein water dey lie insyd de Congo Basin inhabited by only 10 percent of Africa ein population.<ref name=":72" /><ref name=":82">{{Cite book |last1=Gachanja |first1=Anthony |url=https://www.rsc.org/search-results/?q=Africa%27s%20Water%20Quality%3A%20A%20chemical%20Science%20Perspective |title=Africa's Water Quality: A Chemical Science Perspective |last2=Mastrangelo |first2=Pedro |last3=Mcguigan |first3=Kevin |last4=Naicker |first4=Presthantie |last5=Zewge |first5=Feleke |publisher=Pan Africa Chemistry Network, Royal Society of Chemistry |year=2010 |location=London |pages=8 |name-list-style=and}}</ref> Der be significant variation insyd de rainfall patterns wey dey observe insyd different places den time. Der sanso be high evaporation rates insyd sam parts of de region wey dey result insyd lower percentages of precipitation insyd such places.<ref name=":92">{{Cite web |date=2012-03-19 |title=Water in Africa |url=https://www.ascleiden.nl/content/webdossiers/water-africa |access-date=2020-11-28 |website=African Studies Centre Leiden |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":82" /> However, der be very significant inter- den intra-annual variability of all climate den water resources characteristics, so while sam regions get sufficient water,<ref name=":04">{{Cite book |title=The United Nations World Water Development Report 2016: Water and Jobs |publisher=UNESCO |year=2016 |isbn=978-92-3-100146-8 |location=Paris}} [[File:CC_BY-SA_icon.svg|50x50px]] Text was copied from this source, which is available under a [[creativecommons:by-sa/3.0/igo/|Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO)]] license.</ref> Sub-Saharan Africa dey face numerous water-related challenges dat constrain economic growth den threaten de livelihoods of ein people.<ref name=":04" /> African Agriculture be mostly based on rain-fed farming, den less dan 10% of cultivated land insyd de continent be irritated.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web |title=Cooperation in International Waters in Africa (CIWA) |url=https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/cooperation-in-international-waters-in-africa |access-date=2016-11-13 |website=worldbank.org}}</ref><ref name=":04" /> De impact of climate change den variability be thus very pronounced.<ref name=":04" /> === Regional variance === Northern Africa den Sub-Saharan Africa dey progress towards de Millennium Development Goal on water at different paces.<ref name="WFL"/> While Northern Africa get 92% safe water coverage, Sub-Saharan Africa remain at a low 60% of coverage—wey dey leave 40% of de 783 million people insyd dat region widout access to clean drinking water.<ref name="WFL"/> Sam of dese differences wey dey insyd clean water availability fit attribute to Africa ein extreme climates. Although Sub-Saharan Africa get a plentiful supply of rainwater, e be seasonal den unevenly distributed, wey dey lead to frequent floods den droughts.<ref name="WFL" /> Additionally, prevalent economic development den poverty issues, dem compound plus rapid population growth den rural-urban migration dey render Sub-Saharan Africa as de world ein poorest den least developed region.<ref name="WFL" /> Thus, dis poverty constrain dey deprive chaw cities insyd dis region from providing clean water den sanitation services as well as preventing de further deterioration of water quality even wen opportunities exist to address dese water issues.<ref name="WFL" /> Additionally, de rapid population growth dey lead to an increased number of African settlements on flood-prone den high-risk land.<ref name="WFL" /> De latest report of de SDG goal 6 mention various facts about water status insyd sub-Saharan Africa wey dey include de lack of hygiene den ein impact on de nutritional status especially among kiddies secof increased rate of infectious diseases. Sanso, almost 1/3 of de sub-Saharan population dey insyd danger of hunger secof lack of access to food. Furthermore, sub-Saharan Africa dey lack access to safe drinking water by 76% while only 6% of Europe den Northern America no be covered.<ref name="SDG">United Nations. [https://www.unglobalcompact.org/docs/publications/SDG6_SR2018.pdf Goal 6: Ensure Access to Water and Sanitation for All.] Sustainable Development Goals</ref> == Causes == === Physical and Economic Scarcity === Water scarcity be both natural and human-made problem. People fit divide am into two main categories: economic scarcity and physical scarcity.<ref>{{cite web |title=International Decade for Action: Water for Life 2005-2015 |url=https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml |access-date=18 March 2012}}</ref> Economic scarcity mean say getting reliable and safe water source fit take plenty time and cost plenty money. Physical scarcity mean say the amount of water available for a particular area no dey enough to meet the current needs of the population.<ref name="WS"/> The 2006 United Nations Economic Commission for Africa estimate say out of the 800 million people wey live for Africa, about 300 million of them dey live for places wey water scarce.<ref name="uneca"/> Especially for the northern and southern parts of Africa, increasing global temperatures because of climate change don intensify the hydrological cycle. This dey lead to drier dry seasons and increase the risk of more frequent and severe droughts. This situation seriously affect water availability, quality and quantity because river flows reduce, reservoir storage drop, water tables go down, and aquifers for northern and southern Africa dry up. [[File:Severity of African Drought.jpg|thumb|326x326px|Explanation of the severity of drought across different geographical areas in Africa]] Inside the physical scarcity category too, there be the problem of overexploitation. This dey contribute to the shrinking of many of Africa's major lakes, including Nakivale, Nakuru and Lake Chad. Lake Chad, for example, don shrink reach only 10% of its former size.<ref name="HDR">{{cite web |title=Water Scarcity, Risk, and Vulnerability |url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2006_Chapter_4.pdf |access-date=18 March 2013}}</ref> For policy side, incentives wey encourage overuse of water resources be among the most damaging factors, especially concerning groundwater extraction. Once people install pumps, many countries only control water extraction based on electricity costs. In many cases, governments even subsidize electricity for agriculture, making people less motivated to conserve groundwater resources.<ref name="HDR"/> In addition, many African countries set water prices below the actual cost of providing the service. This discourages efficient use of water and threatens long-term sustainability.<ref name="HDR"/> === Population Growth === For the past century, the world's population don more than double.<ref>{{Cite web |title=International Decade for Action 'Water for Life' 2005-2015. Focus Areas: Water scarcity |url=https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml |access-date=2022-11-08 |website=un.org |language=en}}</ref> Africa get the fastest-growing population for the world. Experts expect say the continent's population go increase by around 50% within the next 18 years, growing from 1.2 billion people today to more than 1.8 billion by 2035. In fact, Africa alone go account for almost half of the world's population growth over the next two decades.<ref>{{Cite web|last=ISSAfrica.org|date=2017-05-15|title=Africa's population boom: burden or opportunity?|url=https://issafrica.org/amp/iss-today/africas-population-boom-burden-or-opportunity|access-date=2020-11-29|website=ISS Africa|language=en}}</ref> The relationship be simple: as population increase, demand for water too increase. At the same time, water resources for many African regions dey reduce because people don settle in areas wey previously serve as water sources. As population dey grow rapidly, there be urgent demand for better health services, improved quality of life, food security and support for industrial growth. All these things place additional pressure on the available water resources.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Falkenmark|first=Malin|date=1990|title=Rapid Population Growth and Water Scarcity: The Predicament of Tomorrow's Africa|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2808065|journal=Population and Development Review|volume=16|pages=81–94|doi=10.2307/2808065|jstor=2808065|issn=0098-7921|url-access=subscription}}</ref> The growing population go only make the water scarcity crisis worse as more pressure dey put on available water resources. According to the World Wide Fund for Nature, about 41% of the world's population currently live inside river basins wey already dey experience water stress.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Water Scarcity {{!}} Threats {{!}} WWF |url=https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/water-scarcity |access-date=2022-11-08 |website=World Wildlife Fund |language=en}}</ref> This dey create serious concern because many regions dey approach the limits where water services fit no longer be delivered sustainably.<ref name="unfct">{{Cite web |title=Water Scarcity |url=https://www.unwater.org/water-facts/water-scarcity |access-date=2026-06-07 |website=UN-Water |language=en}}</ref> Globally, about 55% of people now live in urban areas, and by 2030 this figure fit increase by another 5%. Africa dey experience the same trend. Large cities like Lagos, Kinshasa and Nairobi don double their populations within just fifteen years.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Chitonge|first=Horman|date=2020-04-02|title=Urbanisation and the water challenge in Africa: Mapping out orders of water scarcity|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/00020184.2020.1793662|journal=African Studies|volume=79|issue=2|pages=192–211|doi=10.1080/00020184.2020.1793662|s2cid=221361042|issn=0002-0184|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Even though more people dey move into these cities, the amount of fresh water available remain the same or even reduce. This population increase create a growing imbalance between water supply and water demand in urban areas.<ref name=":0"/> Apart from contributing to the imbalance between water demand and supply, urbanization also increase water pollution. As more people move into cities, more sewage and waste dey enter rivers, lakes and other water bodies.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Wang|first=Yuan-Xu|date=2020-08-27|title=Runoff pollution control of a sewage discharge project based on green concept – a sewage runoff pollution control system|journal=Water Supply|volume=20 | issue=8| doi=10.2166/ws.2020.183|pages=3676–3686|bibcode=2020WatSu..20.3676W |issn=1606-9749|doi-access=free}}</ref> For many developing countries, more than 90% of sewage generated ends up in water bodies without treatment. Also, sewage systems are often poorly maintained, so leaks from sewage pipes enter the soil and eventually pollute underground water sources.<ref name=":1"/> === Climate Change === {{Further|Effects of climate change|Water security#Climate change}} According to the Africa Partnership Forum, "Although Africa be the continent wey contribute least to climate change, e be one of the most vulnerable to its effects."<ref name="cca">{{cite web|title=Climate Change and Africa|url=http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/57/7/38897900.pdf|access-date=11 April 2012}}</ref> The long-term effects include changing rainfall patterns wey affect agriculture and reduce food security, worsening water security, declining fish resources in major lakes because of rising temperatures, sea-level rise affecting low-lying coastal areas, and increasing water stress.<ref name="cca"/> These impacts fit seriously affect both the quantity and quality of water children need to survive.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Water and the global climate crisis: 10 things you should know |url=https://www.unicef.org/stories/water-and-climate-change-10-things-you-should-know |access-date=2020-11-29 |website=unicef.org |language=en}}</ref> Studies predict say by 2050, rainfall in Sub-Saharan Africa fit reduce by 10%, leading to major water shortages. This 10% reduction in rainfall go reduce drainage by 17%, while areas wey currently receive 500–600 mm of rainfall per year fit experience reductions of 50% and 30% respectively in surface drainage.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Stocker|first=Thomas|title=Climate change 2013: the physical science basis : Working Group I contribution to the Fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|url=https://archive.org/details/climatechange2010000unse|date=2014|publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-107-05799-9|language=en|oclc=879855060}}</ref> In addition, the Human Development Report predict say rising temperatures combined with 10% less rainfall for the interior regions of Africa go worsen water shortages because evaporation and water loss go increase.<ref name="HDR"/> Droughts and floods are considered the most dangerous threats to physical water scarcity.<ref name="borg">Reinacher, L. (2013 Oct 3). The Water Crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Borgen Project.</ref> This warming effect go be strongest for the semi-arid regions around the Sahara, the Sahel, and inland parts of southern Africa.<ref name="HDR"/> The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reports say climate change for Africa don show itself through more intense and longer droughts for the subtropics and tropics. At the same time, arid and semi-arid areas for northern, western, eastern, and some parts of southern Africa dey become drier and more vulnerable to changes in rainfall patterns and storms.<ref name="cca"/> Climate change don contribute plenty to the already worsening water crisis for Africa and the whole world, making the World Health Organization declare climate change as the biggest threat to global health for the 21st century.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last1=Kumaresan|first1=Jacob|last2=Sathiakumar|first2=Nalini|date=2010-03-01|title=Climate change and its potential impact on health: a call for integrated action|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_world-health-organization-bulletin_2010-03_88_3/page/n8|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=88|issue=3|pages=163|doi=10.2471/blt.10.076034|issn=0042-9686|pmc=2828801|pmid=20428377}}</ref> The Human Development Report further explain say because Africa depend heavily on rain-fed agriculture, widespread poverty, and weak institutional capacity, the water-related problems caused by climate change dey affect the continent more seriously than developed countries wey get enough resources and economic diversity to manage such global changes. This increased risk of drought and falling crop yields fit lead to more poverty, lower incomes, less secure livelihoods, and a greater threat of chronic hunger among the poorest people for sub-Saharan Africa.<ref name="HDR"/> Overall, this mean say water stress wey dey result from changing rainfall patterns dey affect Africa badly. Because of this, climate change remain one of the biggest challenges wey the continent must overcome if e want secure reliable and clean water sources for its people. == Impacts == {{Further|Water supply and sanitation in sub-Saharan Africa}} === Health === {{main|WASH#Health aspects}} People wey dey live for areas where water dey scarce dey often depend on unsafe water sources, and this dey increase the spread of waterborne diseases like typhoid fever, cholera, dysentery, and diarrhea.<ref name=WHO>{{cite web|title=10 Facts About Water Scarcity|url=https://www.who.int/features/factfiles/water/en/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081116002842/http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/water/en/|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 16, 2008|access-date=11 April 2012}}</ref> Water scarcity too dey force many households to store water inside house, and this dey increase risk of contamination and also increase mosquito-related diseases like malaria and dengue fever.<ref name=WHO/> These diseases normally no dey common for developed countries because dem get better water treatment systems wey dey filter and chlorinate water. But for places wey water infrastructure no strong, people dey rely on untreated natural water sources wey fit contain harmful bacteria and parasites.<ref name=WS>{{cite web|title=Water Scarcity: The Importance of Water & Access|url=https://thewaterproject.org/water_scarcity.asp|access-date=18 March 2012}}</ref> Even though many of these diseases fit be treated or prevented, dem still be among the leading causes of sickness and death worldwide. Every year, about 2.2 million people die from diarrhea-related diseases, and at any time, about half of hospital beds globally dey occupied by patients with water-related illnesses.<ref name="bpn">{{cite web |year=2010 |title=The Facts About The Global Drinking Water Crisis |url=http://blueplanetnetwork.org/water/facts |access-date=18 March 2012 |archive-date=5 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905053406/http://blueplanetnetwork.org/water/facts |url-status=dead }}</ref> Small children and infants dey more affected because their immune system no strong yet,<ref name=WS/> which dey lead to high infant mortality rates especially for many African regions. When people fall sick from these waterborne diseases, dem no fit work well or contribute to community development because of weakness. Also, money wey families, communities, and governments fit use for development dey go into medical treatment instead of education or food supply.<ref name=WS/> Some farmers too dey use contaminated water to irrigate crops, and this fit introduce diseases like intestinal worm infections, hepatitis A and E, and dysentery through food consumption.<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Qadir | first1=M. | last2=Wichelns | first2=D. | last3=Raschid-Sally | first3=L. | last4=McCornick | first4=P.G. | last5=Drechsel | first5=P. | last6=Bahri | first6=A. | last7=Minhas | first7=P.S. | title=The challenges of wastewater irrigation in developing countries | url=https://archive.org/details/sim_agricultural-water-management_2010-04_97_4/page/561 | journal=Agricultural Water Management | date=2010 | volume=97 | issue=4 | pages=561–568 | doi=10.1016/j.agwat.2008.11.004 | bibcode=2010AgWM...97..561Q | hdl=10161/5966 | hdl-access=free }}</ref> === Women and Girls === {{Main|WASH#Gender}} For Africa, women and men no dey share water responsibilities equally. Because of social structure, women dey carry most of the burden of finding, managing, and storing water, especially for household activities like cooking, washing, cleaning, and child care.<ref name="GRAW">{{cite web |last1=Crow |first1=Ben |last2=Roy |first2=Jessica |date=2004-03-26 |title=Gender Relations and Access to Water: What We Want to Know About Social Relations and Women's Time Allocation |url=http://escholarship.org/uc/item/0m5033gv#page-1 |publisher=UC Santa Cruz: Center for Global, International and Regional Studies |access-date=18 March 2013}}</ref> Because of these roles, many women dey spend up to 60% of their daily time just to fetch water. Globally, this represent about 200 million work hours per day, and e also reduce time wey dem fit use for education or income activities.<ref name="wac">{{cite web |title=Women Affected by the Crisis |url=http://water.org/learn-about-the-water-crisis/women |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111205050519/http://water.org/learn-about-the-water-crisis/women |archive-date=5 December 2011 |access-date=18 March 2012}}</ref> Another serious issue be lack of menstrual hygiene support for girls. When schools no provide clean toilets or proper hygiene materials, many girls dey miss school or drop out completely after puberty.<ref name=":3">{{cite web | url=https://thewaterproject.org/why-water/education | title=The Water Crisis: Education in Africa }}</ref> Water scarcity dey make this problem worse because decrease in water access dey strongly affect female school enrollment across all education levels.<ref name="GRAW"/> For many African women, fetching water mean say dem go carry heavy jerrycan wey fit weigh over {{Convert|40|lb}} when full<ref name="WS"/> and walk around {{Convert|6|km|sp=us|spell=in}} every day.<ref name="bpn"/> This dey cause serious health problems like long-term bone and spine damage.<ref name="WWD">{{cite web|title=Coping With Water Scarcity: Challenge of the 21st Century|url=https://www.fao.org/nr/water/docs/escarcity.pdf|access-date=18 March 2013}}</ref> E also dey affect mental and physical wellbeing, reduce school attendance, and affect learning ability because stress fit affect memory and decision-making. Access to clean water, however, dey help improve health and school attendance for students.<ref name="GRAW"/> === Agriculture === [[File:Crop limit, Nile Valley-2.jpg|thumb|Ethiopia plan to fill the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam reservoir fit reduce Nile River flow by up to 25% and affect Egyptian farmland badly.<ref>{{cite news |title=In Africa, War Over Water Looms As Ethiopia Nears Completion Of Nile River Dam |url=https://www.npr.org/2018/02/27/589240174/in-africa-war-over-water-looms-as-ethiopia-nears-completion-of-nile-river-dam?t=1595668819363 |work=[[NPR]] |date=27 February 2018}}</ref>]] Most African people still depend on farming, and about 80% to 90% of rural households depend on farming for food.<ref name=WWD/> Because of this, water scarcity directly affect food security. More than 70% of farming for Sub-Saharan Africa be rain-fed agriculture, so crops dey very vulnerable to droughts and floods caused by changing weather patterns. According to the UN Economic Commission for Africa and the New Partnership for Africa's Development, irrigation be key to improving agricultural production, economic growth, and food security.<ref name="WWD"/> But many rural communities still no dey fully use irrigation systems. Globally, irrigation farming account for about 20% of agriculture, but Sub-Saharan Africa still lag behind in this area.<ref name="green">Kauffman, J., Mantel, S., Ringersma, J., Dijkshoorn, J., Van Lynden, G., Dent, D. Making Better Use of Green Water in Sub-Saharan Africa.</ref> From the 1960s, international donors like the World Bank support irrigation development in Africa, but many projects no give expected crop yields.<ref name="gdn">Kadigi, R., Tesfay, G., Bizoza, A., Zinabou, G. (2013). Global Development Network GDN Working Paper Series Irrigation and Water Use Efficiency in Sub-Saharan Africa Working Paper No. 63.</ref> Still, the World Bank estimate say agricultural production in Sub-Saharan Africa fit nearly triple by 2050.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bjornlund |first1=Vibeke |last2=Bjornlund |first2=Henning |last3=Van Rooyen |first3=Andre F. |date=2020-10-01 |title=Why agricultural production in sub-Saharan Africa remains low compared to the rest of the world – a historical perspective |journal=International Journal of Water Resources Development |volume=36 |issue=sup1 |pages=S20–S53 |doi=10.1080/07900627.2020.1739512 |s2cid=218928549 |issn=0790-0627|doi-access=free |bibcode=2020IJWRD..36S..20B }}</ref> Sustainable Development Goal 2 dey focus on ending hunger and improving sustainable agriculture.<ref name="SDG">United Nations. Goal 6: Ensure Access to Water and Sanitation for All. Sustainable Development Goals</ref> To achieve this, agriculture system must shift from only high-yield crops to more diverse and nutritious crops wey fit improve diet quality.<ref name="WFNHN">{{Cite journal |last1=Mabhaudhi |first1=Tafadzwanashe |last2=Chibarabada |first2=Tendai |last3=Modi |first3=Albert |year=2016 |title=Water-Food-Nutrition-Health Nexus: Linking Water to Improving Food, Nutrition and Health in Sub-Saharan Africa |journal=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=107 |doi=10.3390/ijerph13010107 |pmc=4730498 |pmid=26751464 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2016IJERP..13..107M }}</ref> However, lack of money, skills, and infrastructure dey make irrigation and modern farming difficult in many areas. Because of this, droughts, floods, and desertification dey cause serious economic loss and food shortage. Malnutrition too dey reduce lifetime earnings by about 10%, and countries fit lose 2–3% of GDP because of undernutrition.<ref name="mal">Bain, L., Et al. (2013). Malnutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Burden, Causes and Prospects. Pan African Medical Journal.</ref> In many places, people dey also use untreated wastewater for farming, which fit introduce harmful chemicals and disease organisms into food.<ref name=WHO/> Methods like greywater wetlands and sand filtration dey proposed to treat such water before reuse.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal | doi=10.1016/j.pce.2007.07.015| title=Greywater reuse: A strategy for water demand management in Harare?| journal=Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C| volume=32| issue=15–18| pages=1231–1236| year=2007| last1=Madungwe| first1=Emaculate| last2=Sakuringwa| first2=Saniso| bibcode=2007PCE....32.1231M}}</ref> Overall, to deal with water scarcity in Africa, there must be better investment in clean water access, irrigation development, and climate change adaptation strategies so say food security and public health go improve.<ref name=uneca/> == Productivity and development == Poverty get direct link with how people dey get access to clean drinking water—if no clean water, chance say person go fit come out of the poverty trap dey very small. This idea of “water poverty trap” na economists wey study sub-Saharan Africa first talk am, and e mean say people dey stuck inside one cycle of money poverty, low farm output, and environmental damage wey dey increase pass.<ref name=GRAW/> Inside this negative cycle, lack of water resources dey connect with lack of financial resources, and e dey affect everybody—individuals, households, and whole communities.<ref name=GRAW/> Inside this poverty trap, people dey face low income, high cost wey dem need pay for water facilities, and dem no get credit or support to invest for water projects. This make investment in water and land very low, and people no fit invest in businesses wey fit bring money. In the end, resources dey spoil, and people remain inside chronic poverty.<ref name=GRAW/> On top this matter, for slums inside developing countries, poor people dey often pay five to ten times more for water per unit than people wey get pipe-borne water. This one dey happen because of problems like lack of infrastructure and government corruption, wey even fit make water services cost increase by 10% to 30%.<ref name=WWD/><ref name=21st/> The social and economic effects of lack of clean water dey reach many areas like education, job opportunities, physical strength and health, agriculture and industrial development, and overall productive power of people, communities, and whole country. Because of this, UN estimate say Sub-Saharan Africa alone dey lose about 40 billion potential working hours every year just because people dey go fetch water instead of doing productive work.<ref name=WS/> == Conflict == {{Further|Water conflict}} Population growth across the world and climate change na two big factors wey together fit cause water conflicts for many parts of the world.<ref>{{Cite web|url=[https://reportsyndication.news.blog/2019/10/12/the-coming-wars-for-water/|title=The](https://reportsyndication.news.blog/2019/10/12/the-coming-wars-for-water/|title=The) Coming Wars for Water|date=October 12, 2019|website=Report Syndication}}</ref> Already, population explosion for developing countries inside Africa, combined with climate change, dey put serious pressure inside countries and between different nations. Before-before, countries dey solve water problems through negotiation, but now people dey predict say aggression over water access fit increase. Africa water vulnerability wey fit cause conflict fit be grouped into four main river basin areas: the [[Nile]], [[Niger river|Niger]], [[Zambezi]] and [[Volta river|Volta]] basins.<ref name="21st"/> For the Nile wey dey pass through [[Egypt]], [[Ethiopia]] and [[Sudan]], the water matter fit cause serious tension and disagreement.<ref name="21st"/> For Niger basin, the river dey go from [[Guinea]] pass through [[Mali]] reach [[Nigeria]]. Especially for Mali—wey be one of the poorest countries—the river dey very important for food, water and transport, but overuse dey make the water dey dirty and harder to use.<ref name="21st"/> For southern Africa, the Zambezi river basin na one of the most heavily used river systems. Because of that, [[Zambia]] and [[Zimbabwe]] dey compete for am. In 2000, Zimbabwe open the [[Kariba Dam]] gates, which cause serious flooding wey affect the whole region badly.<ref name=21st/> For Volta basin, Ghana depend heavily on hydroelectric power from the river, but drought dey disturb the water level wey Akosombo Dam need to generate electricity. This dey affect Ghana economy and energy supply and fit also cause regional instability if e continue.<ref name=21st/> At this point, intelligence agencies don talk say within the next ten years, water issue no likely go start full war by itself. But if current consumption and climate stress continue, UNECA predict say water scarcity for Africa fit reach dangerous level by 2025. This mean say water matter fit become more serious security issue going forward.<ref name=usi/> Based on classified National Intelligence Estimate on water security wey US State Department request under Hillary Clinton in 2011, after 2022 water go more likely be used as weapon of war or even for terrorism, especially for North Africa.<ref name=usi/> Because of this, the World Economic Forum 2011 Global Risk Report include water scarcity as one of the top five global risks for the first time. == Approaches for managing scarcity == === Water permit systems === Some regions in African countries like Tanzania don try use water permit systems to manage water scarcity. For this system, local rules dey control how people go get access to certain amount of water for specific places. But this kind system sometimes dey create more conflict, because big commercial irrigators fit take most of the water, leave smallholder farmers wey dey depend on am for survival.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Komakech|first1=Hc|last2=Condon|first2=M|last3=Van der Zaag|first3=P|date=2012|title=The role of statutory and local rules in allocating water between large- and small-scale irrigators in an African river catchment|url=[http://www.ajol.info/index.php/wsa/article/view/73317|journal=Water](http://www.ajol.info/index.php/wsa/article/view/73317|journal=Water) SA|volume=38|issue=1|pages=115–126|doi=10.4314/wsa.v38i1.14|issn=0378-4738|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20160812090006/http://www.ajol.info/index.php/wsa/article/view/73317|archive-date=12](https://web.archive.org/web/20160812090006/http://www.ajol.info/index.php/wsa/article/view/73317|archive-date=12) August 2016|doi-access=free}} === Desalination === {{Main article|Desalination}} Desalination na process wey dey turn salty sea water into fresh water by removing the salt inside am. Many African countries like Algeria, Morocco, and South Africa dey use this technology to fight water scarcity.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Dhakal |first1=Nirajan |last2=Salinas-Rodriguez |first2=Sergio G. |last3=Hamdani |first3=Jamal |last4=Abushaban |first4=Almotasembellah |last5=Sawalha |first5=Hassan |last6=Schippers |first6=Jan C. |last7=Kennedy |first7=Maria D. |date=April 2022 |title=Is Desalination a Solution to Freshwater Scarcity in Developing Countries? |journal=Membranes |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=381 |doi=10.3390/membranes12040381 |pmid=35448351 |pmc=9029386 |issn=2077-0375}}</ref> But desalination plants get serious challenges too. E dey need plenty electricity, chemicals, and strong infrastructure, which make am hard for many developing countries to build and maintain. == Approaches for managing scarcity == === Water permit systems === Some regions in African countries like Tanzania don try use water permit systems to manage water scarcity. For this system, local rules dey control how people go get access to certain amount of water for specific places. But this kind system sometimes dey create more conflict, because big commercial irrigators fit take most of the water, leave smallholder farmers wey dey depend on am for survival.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Komakech|first1=Hc|last2=Condon|first2=M|last3=Van der Zaag|first3=P|date=2012|title=The role of statutory and local rules in allocating water between large- and small-scale irrigators in an African river catchment|url=[http://www.ajol.info/index.php/wsa/article/view/73317|journal=Water](http://www.ajol.info/index.php/wsa/article/view/73317|journal=Water) SA|volume=38|issue=1|pages=115–126|doi=10.4314/wsa.v38i1.14|issn=0378-4738|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20160812090006/http://www.ajol.info/index.php/wsa/article/view/73317|archive-date=12](https://web.archive.org/web/20160812090006/http://www.ajol.info/index.php/wsa/article/view/73317|archive-date=12) August 2016|doi-access=free}} === Desalination === {{Main article|Desalination}} Desalination na process wey dey turn salty sea water into fresh water by removing the salt inside am. Many African countries like Algeria, Morocco, and South Africa dey use this technology to fight water scarcity.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Dhakal |first1=Nirajan |last2=Salinas-Rodriguez |first2=Sergio G. |last3=Hamdani |first3=Jamal |last4=Abushaban |first4=Almotasembellah |last5=Sawalha |first5=Hassan |last6=Schippers |first6=Jan C. |last7=Kennedy |first7=Maria D. |date=April 2022 |title=Is Desalination a Solution to Freshwater Scarcity in Developing Countries? |journal=Membranes |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=381 |doi=10.3390/membranes12040381 |pmid=35448351 |pmc=9029386 |issn=2077-0375}}</ref> But desalination plants get serious challenges too. E dey need plenty electricity, chemicals, and strong infrastructure, which make am hard for many developing countries to build and maintain. == International and non-governmental organizations' efforts == {{See also|List of water-related charities}} To properly deal with water scarcity for Africa, the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa talk say there is need to invest in developing Africa water resources so that unnecessary suffering go reduce, food security go improve, and economic gains go protect through proper management of droughts, floods, and desertification.<ref name="uneca"/> Some of the solutions wey dem suggest and dey already happen include building and improving wells, rainwater collection systems, and clean water storage tanks. The United Nations itself also try tackle water scarcity through the Millennium Development Goals. The goals include eight international development targets, and seven of them directly connect to water issues. Water access dey affect poverty, food shortage, education level, women social and economic power, livelihood security, disease control, and overall human and environmental health.<ref>{{cite web|title=International Decade for Action Water for Life 2005-2015: Water Scarcity|url=[https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml|access-date=1](https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml|access-date=1) April 2012}}</ref> Because water is very important to achieving the MDGs, one target be to reduce by half the number of people worldwide without safe drinking water by 2015. In March 2012, UN announce say this target almost achieved four years before deadline, showing say global efforts dey make progress.<ref name="remarks">{{cite web|title=Remarks in Honor of World Water Day|url=[https://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2012/03/186640.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327141902/http://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/186640.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=27](https://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2012/03/186640.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327141902/http://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/186640.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=27) March 2012|access-date=1 April 2012}}</ref> As one of the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, United States also dey play big role in supporting clean water solutions. One of their efforts include USAID WASH programme—Water, Sanitation and Hygiene partnership with Gates Foundation—weh dey support access to clean water and sanitation for poor communities. The aim na to test and scale up solutions wey fit work well for disadvantaged areas.<ref name="remarks"/> In March 2012, Hillary Clinton announce US Water Partnership, wey bring together private sector, NGOs, experts, academics and government to find better system-wide solutions.<ref name="remarks"/> The idea be say the technology and solutions already dey, but many people no fit access them, so the partnership go help make them available at community level. Apart from governments and UN, many non-governmental and charitable organizations also dey work to provide clean water for Africa and other parts of the world. These groups depend on donations from individuals and organizations, and they use the funds to build water infrastructure and support clean water projects.<ref>{{cite web|title=Water Charities:A Comprehensive List|url=[http://www.filtersfast.com/articles/Water-Charities-A-Comprehensive-List.php|access-date=11](http://www.filtersfast.com/articles/Water-Charities-A-Comprehensive-List.php|access-date=11) April 2012|archive-date=3 July 2017|archive-url=[https://web.archive.org/web/20170703060935/http://www.filtersfast.com/articles/Water-Charities-A-Comprehensive-List.php|url-status=dead}}](https://web.archive.org/web/20170703060935/http://www.filtersfast.com/articles/Water-Charities-A-Comprehensive-List.php|url-status=dead}})</ref> For example, Water to Thrive na non-profit wey dey provide clean water for East Africa. Since 2008, dem don build over 2,000 wells for Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Uganda.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home - Nonprofit |url=[https://www.watertothrive.org/](https://www.watertothrive.org/) |access-date=2025-01-06 |website=Water To Thrive |language=en-US}}</ref> By 2015, about 90% of people for the world don get access to safe drinking water and sanitation because of these global efforts. The Sustainable Development Goals continue from there, with Goal 6 focused on “Clean Water and Sanitation for All.” The target be say by 2030, everybody go get access to clean water, sanitation go improve especially for vulnerable people, waste treatment go increase, and water pollution go reduce. The goal also encourage more cooperation between international and local actors to improve how water resources dey managed.<ref name="SDG"/> == Limitations == Africa dey host both the highest number of water-scarce countries for any region, and also some of the hardest places to reach when e come to water aid work. Many rural villages dey trap these areas inside wetin the UN Economic Commission for Africa call the “Harvesting Stage,”<ref name="uneca"/> meaning say the level of development and infrastructure no strong enough to support long-term, sustainable water solutions. Because of this, even when help come, e dey hard to maintain am. Aside geography and development challenges, political and economic issues too dey affect water aid delivery. For political side, tensions between local governments and foreign NGOs sometimes make it difficult for money, equipment, and aid workers to operate well on ground. For economic side, big inequality between rich and poor people for cities mean say poor people dey often pay four to ten times more for safe water than wealthy people, which makes it harder for them to benefit from clean water systems and interventions.<ref name="uneca"/> Because of all these combined problems, many water projects no dey succeed long-term. E be estimated say about 50% of water projects fail, less than 5% ever get proper visits after implementation, and less than 1% receive any form of long-term monitoring or maintenance support.<ref name="wac"/> == Rainwater harvesting == [[Rainwater harvesting]] (RWH) na the process of collecting and storing rainwater instead of letting am flow away. Rain dey fall on surfaces like roofs, and then dem dey channel am go storage systems like tanks, cisterns, deep pits (like wells, shafts, or boreholes), aquifers, or reservoirs through percolation. The water wey dem collect later dey use for productive purposes.<ref>{{Cite book |title=managing urban stormwater; harvest and reuse}}</ref> Because of the need to improve access to safe drinking water for developing countries, rainwater harvesting become part of the efforts under the Millennium Development Goals, especially the target to reduce by half the number of people wey no get access to safe drinking water by 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |title=united nations millennium declaration |url=[https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/generalassembly/docs/globalcompact/A_RES_55_2.pdf}}](https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/generalassembly/docs/globalcompact/A_RES_55_2.pdf}})</ref> This make rainwater harvesting become more popular as one solution to increase availability of potable water. In many cases, RWH dey used especially for places where normal water supply systems no fit meet people needs or no dey reliable.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mapping the Potential of Rainwater Harvesting Technologies in Africa: A GIS Overview on Development Domains for the Continent and Nine selected Countries |url=[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265842568}}](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265842568}})</ref> ## == Causes == ### === Physical and economic scarcity === Water scarcity be both natural and human-made thing, and e fit be divided into two main types: economic scarcity and physical scarcity.<ref>{{cite web |title=International Decade for Action: Water for Life 2005-2015 |url=[https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml](https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml) |access-date=18 March 2012}}</ref> Economic scarcity mean say e dey hard, take time, and cost plenty money before person fit find reliable source of clean water. Physical scarcity mean say the water wey dey inside the area no reach to meet the people wey dey live there based on their current needs.<ref name="WS"/> The 2006 [[United Nations Economic Commission for Africa]] estimate say about 300 million out of 800 million people for Africa dey live inside water-scarce environment.<ref name="uneca"/> Especially for far north, far south, and some parts of Africa, rising global temperature from climate change don make the water cycle more extreme—dry seasons dey dry pass before, and drought dey happen more often. This thing dey affect availability, quality, and quantity of water because rivers dey reduce, reservoirs dey empty, underground water (aquifers) dey go down, and many water sources dey dry up. [[File:Severity of African Drought.jpg|thumb|326x326px|The severity of African drought explained in different geographical areas]] One of the physical scarcity issues be overuse of water resources. This one dey contribute to shrinkage of big African lakes like Nakivale, Nakuru, and [[Lake Chad]], wey don reduce reach about 10% of its original size.<ref name="HDR"/> For policy side, overuse dey happen because of wrong incentives, especially for underground water. Once person install pump, many times the only restriction be electricity cost, and some governments even subsidize electricity for farming, which make people overuse water. <ref name="HDR"/> Also, many African countries set water price very low, below the real cost of maintenance, and this one dey discourage careful use and threaten long-term sustainability.<ref name="HDR"/> ### === Population growth === Over the past century, world population don more than double.<ref>{{Cite web |title=International Decade for Action 'Water for Life' 2005-2015. Focus Areas: Water scarcity |url=[https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml](https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/scarcity.shtml) |access-date=2022-11-08 |website=un.org |language=en}}</ref> Africa population dey grow fast pass any continent. E fit increase by about 50% within the next 18 years—from about 1.2 billion people today to over 1.8 billion by 2035. Africa alone go contribute almost half of global population growth for the next two decades.<ref>{{Cite web|last=ISSAfrica.org|date=2017-05-15|title=Africa's population boom: burden or opportunity?|url=[https://issafrica.org/amp/iss-today/africas-population-boom-burden-or-opportunity|access-date=2020-11-29|website=ISS](https://issafrica.org/amp/iss-today/africas-population-boom-burden-or-opportunity|access-date=2020-11-29|website=ISS) Africa|language=en}}</ref> As population increase, water demand also dey increase. But at the same time, some water sources dey reduce because people dey settle inside places wey before be natural water catchment areas. This situation dey create pressure for better health care, food security, better living standard, and industrial growth—all of which need water to function.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Falkenmark|first=Malin|date=1990|title=Rapid Population Growth and Water Scarcity: The Predicament of Tomorrow's Africa|url=[https://www.jstor.org/stable/2808065|journal=Population](https://www.jstor.org/stable/2808065|journal=Population) and Development Review|volume=16|pages=81–94|doi=10.2307/2808065|jstor=2808065|issn=0098-7921|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Because of this, water stress go continue to increase unless management improve. According to [[World Wide Fund for Nature]], about 41% of world population already dey live inside river basins wey dey under water stress.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Water Scarcity {{!}} Threats {{!}} WWF |url=[https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/water-scarcity](https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/water-scarcity) |access-date=2022-11-08 |website=World Wildlife Fund |language=en}}</ref> Urban areas for Africa also dey grow fast. Cities like Lagos, Kinshasa, and Nairobi don double their population within about 15 years.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Chitonge|first=Horman|date=2020-04-02|title=Urbanisation and the water challenge in Africa: Mapping out orders of water scarcity|url=[https://doi.org/10.1080/00020184.2020.1793662|journal=African](https://doi.org/10.1080/00020184.2020.1793662|journal=African) Studies|volume=79|issue=2|pages=192–211|doi=10.1080/00020184.2020.1793662|s2cid=221361042|issn=0002-0184|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Even though people dey move go city, water supply no dey increase at the same rate. This dey create imbalance between water demand and water supply. Urbanization also dey increase water pollution because more sewage and waste dey enter rivers and water bodies.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Wang|first=Yuan-Xu|date=2020-08-27|title=Runoff pollution control of a sewage discharge project based on green concept – a sewage runoff pollution control system|journal=Water Supply|volume=20 | issue=8|doi=10.2166/ws.2020.183|pages=3676–3686|bibcode=2020WatSu..20.3676W |issn=1606-9749|doi-access=free}}</ref> For many developing countries, over 90% of sewage dey go water bodies without treatment, which dey worsen contamination problem. == Climate change == The [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]] report say climate change for Africa dey show itself through more intense and longer droughts for subtropical and tropical areas. Northern, western, eastern, and some southern parts of Africa dey become drier and rainfall pattern dey change plenty.<ref name="cca"/> Climate change don worsen already existing water crisis for Africa and the world. Because of this, the [[World Health Organization]] describe climate change as one of the biggest threats to global health in the 21st century.<ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last1=Kumaresan|first1=Jacob|last2=Sathiakumar|first2=Nalini|date=2010-03-01|title=Climate change and its potential impact on health: a call for integrated action|journal=Bulletin of the World Health Organization|volume=88|issue=3|pages=163|doi=10.2471/blt.10.076034|issn=0042-9686|pmc=2828801|pmid=20428377}}</ref> Human Development Report explain say Africa depend heavily on rain-fed farming, and many people dey poor with weak systems to adapt. Because of this, climate change dey affect Africa more harshly than developed countries wey get stronger economy and better technology to cope.<ref name="HDR"/> This situation fit cause lower crop yields, more poverty, lower income, hunger, and less stable livelihoods especially for people for Sub-Saharan Africa.<ref name="HDR"/> Overall, climate change make water stress more serious for Africa, and e remain one of the biggest obstacles to reliable and safe water access. == References == <references /> == External links == * [https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/africa.shtml International Decade for Action "Water for Life" 2005-2015] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Water insyd Africa]] [[Category:Water conservation]] [[Category:Water scarcity]] [[Category:Climate change insyd Africa]] j9jij1lyexo692zy717qngg302usuwc 0 27233 112575 100777 2026-09-25T03:07:26Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112575 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Victoria Falls''' (Lozi: ''Mosi-oa-Tunya'', "Thundering Smoke/Smoke that Rises"; Tonga: ''Shungu Namutitima'', "Boiling Water") be a waterfall on de [[Zambezi|Zambezi River]], wey locate on de border between [[Zambia]] den [[Zimbabwe]].<ref name="nationalgeographic.co.uk">{{Cite web |date=19 March 2019 |title=Soar Above One of the Most Awe-Inspiring Waterfalls on Earth |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/travel/2019/03/soar-above-one-most-awe-inspiring-waterfalls-earth |access-date=9 June 2020 |website=National Geographic |language=en}}</ref> E be one of de world ein largest waterfalls, plus a width of 1,708&nbsp;m (5,604&nbsp;ft). De region around am get a high degree of biodiversity insyd both plants den animals. Archaeology den oral history dey describe a long record of African knowledge of de site. Although known to sam European geographers before de 19th century, na dem introduce Scottish missionary [[David Livingstone]] to de falls insyd 1855, wey he name dem Victoria Falls after Queen Victoria. Since de mid-20th century, de site be a major tourist destination. Zambia den Zimbabwe both get national parks den tourism infrastructure at de site. Research insyd de late 2010s find say precipitation variability secof [[climate change]] likely be to alter de character of de falls. == Name origins == [[David Livingstone]] be de first European dem record to view de falls on 16 November 1855, from an island now be known as Livingstone Island, one of two land masses insyd de middle of de river, immediately upstream from de falls near de Zambian shore.<ref name="LTA">{{Cite web |title=Livingstone Tourism Association, Victoria Falls, Zambia |url=http://www.livingstonetourism.com/ |access-date=7 August 2018 |website=livingstonetourism.com}}</ref> Livingstone name ein sighting in honour of Queen Victoria, buh de Lozi language name, ''Mosi-oa-Tunya''—"The Smoke That Thunders"—continue in common usage. De World Heritage List officially dey recognise both names.<ref name="WW">{{Cite web |title=World Waterfalls & Water Filters for Filtration of Clean Water |url=http://www.world-waterfalls.com/index.php |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714073724/http://www.world-waterfalls.com/index.php |archive-date=14 July 2007 |access-date=11 March 2007}}</ref> Livingstone sanso cite an older name, ''Seongo'' anaa ''Chongwe'', wich dey mean "The Place of the Rainbow", as a result of de constant spray.<ref name="Wellington1955">{{Cite book |last=Wellington |first=John H. |url={{google books |id=mFoBAAAAMAAJ |page=392 |keywords=mosi-oa-yunya |plainurl=yes}} |title=Southern Africa: A Geographical Study |publisher=University Press |year=1955 |volume=1 |location=Cambridge |page=392}}</ref> De nearby national park insyd Zambia be named ''Mosi-oa-Tunya'', whereas de national park den town on de Zimbabwean shore both be named Victoria Falls.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Medium Term Plan (MTP): January 2010 – December 2015 |url=http://www.kubatana.net/docs/econ/goz_medium_term_plan_100706.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029195908/http://www.kubatana.net/docs/econ/goz_medium_term_plan_100706.pdf |archive-date=29 October 2013 |access-date=15 May 2013 |publisher=Government of Zimbabwe}}</ref> == Size == Victoria Falls be classified as de largest based on ein combined width of 1,708 metres (5,604 ft)<ref>Southern Africa Places (2009).</ref> den height of 108 metres (354 ft), wey dey result in de world ein largest sheet of falling water. [[File:Victoria_Falls_2019_8.webm|thumb|Victoria Falls dem see from Zimbabwe insyd August, 2019.]] == Gorges == [[File:Cataratas_Victoria,_Zambia-Zimbabue,_2018-07-27,_DD_36-43_PAN.jpg|thumb|First Gorge, from de Zambian side]] De principal gorges be * First Gorge: de one de river dey fall into at Victoria Falls * Second Gorge: 250 m (820 ft) south of falls, 2.15 km (1.34 mi) long, dem span by de Victoria Falls Bridge * Third Gorge: 600 m (2,000 ft) south, 1.95 km (1.21 mi) long, wey dey contain de Victoria Falls Power Station * Fourth Gorge: 1.15 km (0.71 mi) south, 2.25 km (1.40 mi) long * Fifth Gorge: 2.25 km (1.40 mi) south, 3.2 km (2.0 mi) long * Songwe Gorge: 5.3 km (3.3 mi) south, 3.3 km (2.1 mi) dem long name after de small Songwe River wey dey cam from de north-east, den de deepest at 140 m (460 ft), de level of de river insyd dem dey vary by up to 20 m (66 ft) between wet den dry seasons.<ref name="Spectrum1996">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xlUwAQAAIAAJ |title=Spectrum Guide to Zambia |publisher=Camerapix Publishers International |year=1996 |isbn=978-1-86872-012-5 |location=Nairobi |via=Struik Publishers}}</ref> == Formation == [[File:Victoria_Falls_National_Park_marker.jpg|thumb|Victoria Falls National Park marker]] De Upper Zambezi River originally drain south thru present day [[Botswana]] to join de Limpopo River.<ref>{{Cite journal |author=Moore, A.E. |author2=Cotterill, F. P. D. |author3=Broderick, T. |author4=Plowes, D. |year=2009 |title=Landscape evolution in Zimbabwe from the Permian to present, with implications for kimberlite prospecting |url=http://www.mantleplumes.org/WebDocuments/Moore2009_2.pdf |journal=South African Journal of Geology |publisher=Geological Society of South Africa |volume=112 |issue=1 |page=82 |bibcode=2009SAJG..112...65M |doi=10.2113/gssajg.112.1.65}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Spaliviero, M. |last2=De Dapper, M. |last3=Maló, S. |date=2014 |title=Flood analysis of the Limpopo River basin through past evolution reconstruction and a geomorphological approach |journal=Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences |volume=14 |issue=8 |pages=2027–2039 |bibcode=2014NHESS..14.2027S |doi=10.5194/nhess-14-2027-2014 |hdl=1854/LU-5684262 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> A general uplift of de land between Zimbabwe den de Kalahari Desert about 2 million years ago block dis drainage route, den a large paleolake dem know as Lake Makgadikgadi form between de Kalahari den de Batoka Basaltic Plateau of Zimbabwe den Zambia. Na dis lake originally be endorheic wey e get no natural outlet. Under wetter climate conditions about 20,000 years BP, e eventually overflow den begin to drain to de east, wey dey cut de Batoka Gorge thru de basalt.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018 |title=Makgadikgadi Salt Pans |url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/92394/makgadikgadi-salt-pans |access-date=16 August 2018 |website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Geological history – Botswana Travel Guide |url=http://www.botswana-travel-guide.com/bradt_guide.asp?bradt=1171 |access-date=15 August 2018 |website=Botswana-travel-guide.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Moore |first=A. |title=The Victoria Falls and gorges, in Africa's Top Geological Sites |date=2016 |publisher=Struik Nature |isbn=978-1-77584-448-8 |editor-last=Viljoen |editor-first=R. |location=Cape Town |pages=16–20 |editor-last2=Anhaeusser |editor-first2=C. |editor-last3=Viljoen |editor-first3=M.}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links|auto=yes}} * Cana, Frank Richardson (1911). [[wikisource:1911_Encyclopædia_Britannica/Victoria_Falls|"Victoria Falls"]]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). pp. 44–45. * {{cite web |work=UNEP-WCMC |title=Mosi-oa-Tunya |url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20080510070551/http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/mosi-oa-.html |access-date=23 July 2018 |archive-date=10 May 2008 |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20080510070551/https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20080510070551/http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/mosi-oa-.html }} * {{cite web |work=NASA Earth Observatory |title=Victoria Falls, Zambezi River |url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=16309 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030927143315/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=16309 |archive-date=27 September 2003}} * {{cite web |work=UNESCO World Heritage |title=Victoria Falls |url=https://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=509}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Victoria Falls| ]] [[Category:Block waterfalls]] [[Category:Canyons den gorges of Africa]] [[Category:First 100 IUGS Geological Heritage Sites]] [[Category:Geography of Matabeleland North Province]] [[Category:Geography of Southern Province, Zambia]] [[Category:International waterfalls]] [[Category:Livingstone, Zambia]] [[Category:Tourist attractions insyd Matabeleland North Province]] [[Category:Tourist attractions insyd Southern Province, Zambia]] [[Category:Tourist attractions insyd Zambia]] [[Category:Tourist attractions insyd Zimbabwe]] [[Category:Waterfalls of Zambia]] [[Category:Waterfalls of Zimbabwe]] [[Category:World Heritage Sites insyd Zambia]] [[Category:World Heritage Sites insyd Zimbabwe]] [[Category:Zambezi River]] [[Category:Zambia–Zimbabwe border]] 645xh9oum1o4x82hq2us01r9y67iqeg 0 27265 112321 104772 2026-09-24T16:49:05Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112321 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} [[File:Global distribution of dryland subtypes based on the aridity index.png|upright=1.4|thumb|Global distribution of dryland areas dem base on de aridity index computed over a 30-year average during 1981 to 2010. Typical deserts be indicated by de hyper-arid category (light yellow).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=European Commission. Joint Research Centre. |url=https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/9205 |title=World atlas of desertification :rethinking land degradation and sustainable land management. |date=2018 |publisher=Publications Office |location=LU |doi=10.2760/9205|isbn=978-92-79-75349-7 }}</ref>]] [[File:Somalia, Mudug, Dhinowda (02).jpg|thumb|right|234px|Extreme desertification insyd Somalia]] '''Desertification''' be a type of gradual land degradation of fertile land into arid desert due to a combination of natural processes den human activities. De immediate cause of desertification be de loss of chaw vegetation. Dis dey cam by a number of factors, alone anaa insyd combination, such as drought, climatic shifts, tillage for agriculture, overgrazing den deforestation for fuel anaa construction materials. Though vegetation dey play a major role insyd determining de biological composition of de soil, studies show say, insyd chaw environments, de rate of erosion den runoff decreases exponentially plus increased vegetation cover.<ref name=":8" /> Unprotected, dry soil surfaces blow away plus de wind anaa dem be washed away by flash floods, wey dey leave infertile lower soil layers dat bake insyd de sun den cam be an unproductive hardpan.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sustainable development of drylands and combating desertification |url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/v0265e/v0265e01.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804222104/http://www.fao.org/docrep/v0265e/v0265e01.htm |archive-date=4 August 2017 |access-date=21 June 2016}}</ref><ref name="Zeng L17401">{{Cite journal |last1=Zeng |first1=Ning |last2=Yoon |first2=Jinho |date=1 September 2009 |title=Expansion of the world's deserts due to vegetation-albedo feedback under global warming |journal=Geophysical Research Letters |volume=36 |issue=17 |page=L17401 |bibcode=2009GeoRL..3617401Z |doi=10.1029/2009GL039699 |issn=1944-8007 |s2cid=1708267 |doi-access=free}}</ref> At least 90% of de inhabitants of dry lands live insyd developing countries, wey dem sanso suffer from poor economic den social conditions.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=2010–2020: UN Decade for Deserts and the Fight against Desertification |url=https://www.un.org/en/events/desertification_decade/index.shtml |access-date=2026-06-10 |website=www.un.org |language=EN}}</ref> Dis situation be exacerbated by land degradation secof de reduction insyd productivity, de precariousness of living conditions den de difficulty of access to resources den opportunities. Geographic areas wey get affected chaw dey locate insyd Africa (Sahel region), Asia (Gobi Desert den Mongolia) den parts of South America. Drylands occupy approximately 40–41% of Earth ein land area wey be home to more dan 2billion people.<ref name=":5">[https://web.archive.org/web/20250711080657/https://unemg.org/2018/images/emgdocs/publications/Global_Drylands_Full_Report.pdf Global Drylands Report] unemg.org 2018</ref> Effects of desertification dey include sand den dust storms, food insecurity den poverty. Methods of mitigating anaa reversing desertification dey include improving soil quality, greening deserts, managing grazing, den tree-planting (reforestation den afforestation). Throughout geological history, de development of deserts dey occur naturally over long intervals of time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Desertification |url=https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/deserts/desertification/ |access-date=2026-06-10 |website=pubs.usgs.gov}}</ref> De modern study of desertification emerge from de study of de 1980s drought insyd de Sahel.<ref name=":6" /> ==Definitions== Desertification be a gradual process of increased soil aridity. Desertification has been defined insyd de text of de United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) as "land degradation insyd arid, semi-arid den dry sub-humid regions wey dey result from various factors, wey dey include climatic variations den human activities."<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hulme |first1=Mike |last2=Kelly |first2=Mick |date=1993 |title=Exploring the links between Desertification and Climate Change |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00139157.1993.9929106 |journal=Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development |language=en |volume=35 |issue=6 |pages=4–45 |bibcode=1993ESPSD..35f...4H |doi=10.1080/00139157.1993.9929106 |issn=0013-9157|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Definition of Desert – dat area of de earth wey de sum of rain den snowfall be much less than oda areas, where de annual average rainfall be less than 25CM. Definition by UNO (1995) – Land degradation insyd barren, humid den sub-humid areas secof climate change den human activities dem call desertification. As of 2005, na considerable controversy exist over de proper definition of de term ''desertification'' plus more dan 100 formal definitions insyd existence.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Geist |first=Helmut |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781315240855/causes-progression-desertification-helmut-geist |title=The Causes and Progression of Desertification |date=1 October 2017 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-315-24085-5 |location=London |doi=10.4324/9781315240855}}</ref> De most widely accepted of dese be dat of de Princeton University Dictionary wich define am as "de process of fertile land wey dey ''transform into desert'' typically as a result of deforestation, drought anaa improper/inappropriate agriculture". Dis definition clearly demonstrated de interconnectedness of desertification den human activities, insyd particular land use den land management practices. E sanso highlight de economic, social den environmental implications of desertification. However, dis original understanding dat desertification involved de physical expansion of deserts has been rejected as de concept has further evolved since then.<ref name="EB2">{{cite encyclopedia | title = Desertification | first1 = John P. | last1 = Rafferty | first2 = Stuart L. | last2 = Pimm | encyclopedia =[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] | url = https://www.britannica.com/science/desertification | access-date = 6 November 2019 | date = 26 January 2023 | quote = The concept does not refer to the physical expansion of existing deserts but rather to the various processes that threaten all dryland ecosystems. }}</ref> Der sanso exist controversy around de sub-grouping of types of desertification, wey dey include, for example, de validity den usefulness of such terms as "man-made desert" den "non-pattern desert".<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Geist |first1=Helmut J. |last2=Lambin |first2=Eric F. |date=2004 |title=Dynamic Causal Patterns of Desertification |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_bioscience_2004-09_54_9/page/817 |journal=BioScience |language=en |volume=54 |issue=9 |page=817 |doi=10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0817:DCPOD]2.0.CO;2 |issn=0006-3568|doi-access=free }}</ref> ==Causes== === Immediate causes === De immediate cause of desertification be de loss of chaw vegetation. Dis be driven by a number of factors, alone anaa insyd combination, such as drought, climatic shifts, tillage for agriculture, overgrazing den deforestation for fuel anaa construction materials. Though vegetation plays a major role insyd determining de biological composition of soil, studies dey show dat, insyd many environments, de rate of erosion den runoff decreases exponentially plus increased vegetation cover.<ref name=":8">{{cite book|author=Geeson, Nichola|title=Mediterranean desertification: a mosaic of processes and responses|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|year=2002|isbn=978-0-470-84448-9|page=58|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G_0qg0f49GQC&pg=PA58|display-authors=etal|access-date=16 May 2016|archive-date=30 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730161049/https://books.google.com/books?id=G_0qg0f49GQC&pg=PA58|url-status=live}}</ref> Unprotected, dry soil surfaces blow away plus de wind anaa dey wash away by flash floods, leaving infertile lower soil layers dat bake insyd de sun den becam an unproductive hardpan. === Influence of human activities === Early studies dey argue say one of de most common causes of desertification be overgrazing, over consumption of vegetation by cattle anaa oda livestock.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Charney |first=J. G. |date=April 1975 |title=Dynamics of deserts and drought in the Sahel |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/qj.49710142802 |journal=Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |language=en |volume=101 |issue=428 |pages=193–202 |doi=10.1002/qj.49710142802 |bibcode=1975QJRMS.101..193C |access-date=24 May 2022 |archive-date=30 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730161050/https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/qj.49710142802 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref> However, de role of local overexploitation insyd driving desertification insyd de recent past be controversial.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book |title=The End of Desertification? |series=Springer Earth System Sciences |date=2016 |editor-last=Behnke |editor-first=Roy |editor2-last=Mortimore |editor2-first=Michael |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-642-16014-1 |isbn=978-3-642-16013-4 |s2cid=132424053 |issn=2197-9596}}</ref> Drought insyd de Sahel region be now thought to be principally de result of seasonal variability insyd rainfall wey cause by large-scale sea surface temperature variations, largely driven by natural variability den anthropogenic emissions of aerosols (reflective sulphate particles) den greenhouse gases.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last=Biasutti |first=Michela |date=July 2019 |title=Rainfall trends in the African Sahel: Characteristics, processes, and causes |journal=WIREs Climate Change |language=en |volume=10 |issue=4 |article-number=e591 |doi=10.1002/wcc.591 |issn=1757-7780 |pmc=6617823 |pmid=31341517|bibcode=2019WIRCC..10E.591B }}</ref> As a result, changing ocean temperature den reductions insyd sulfate emissions dey cause a re-greening of de region.<ref name=":3" /> Dis dey lead some scholars to argue dat agriculture-induced vegetation loss be a minor factor insyd desertification.<ref name=":6" /> Na Human population dynamics dey get a considerable impact on overgrazing, over-farming den deforestation, as previously acceptable techniques have becam unsustainable.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Epule|first1=Terence Epule|last2=Peng|first2=Changhui|last3=Lepage|first3=Laurent|date=February 2015|title=Environmental refugees in sub-Saharan Africa: a review of perspectives on the trends, causes, challenges and way forward|journal=GeoJournal|volume=80|issue=1|pages=79–92|doi=10.1007/s10708-014-9528-z|bibcode=2015GeoJo..80...79E |s2cid=154503204|issn=0343-2521}}</ref> There are multiple reasons farmers use intensive farming as opposed to extensive farming but de main reason be to maximize yields.<ref name=":52">{{Cite web |date=6 August 2019 |title=Explainer: Desertification and the role of climate change |url=https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer-desertification-and-the-role-of-climate-change |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210001559/https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer-desertification-and-the-role-of-climate-change |archive-date=10 February 2022 |access-date=22 October 2019 |website=Carbon Brief |language=en}}</ref> By increasing productivity, they require a lot more fertilizer, pesticides, den labor to upkeep machinery. Dis continuous use of de land rapidly depletes de nutrients of de soil causing desertification to spread.<ref>{{Cite web |author=United Nations |title=World Day to Combat Desertification and Drought |url=https://www.un.org/en/observances/desertification-day |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=United Nations |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/intensive-agriculture|title=Intensive agriculture|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|access-date=19 November 2019|archive-date=24 June 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624184604/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9042533/intensive-agriculture|url-status=live}}</ref> === Natural variations === Scientists agree dat de existence of a desert insyd de place wey de Sahara desert be now dey locate be due to natural variations insyd solar insolation due to orbital procession of de Earth.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Tierney |first1=Jessica E. |last2=Pausata |first2=Francesco S. R. |last3=deMenocal |first3=Peter B. |date=6 January 2017 |title=Rainfall regimes of the Green Sahara |journal=Science Advances |language=en |volume=3 |issue=1 |article-number=e1601503 |bibcode=2017SciA....3E1503T |doi=10.1126/sciadv.1601503 |issn=2375-2548 |pmc=5242556 |pmid=28116352}}</ref> Such variations influence de strength of de West African Monsoon, inducing feedback insyd vegetation den dust emission dat amplify de cycle of wet den dry Sahara climate.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Pausata |first1=Francesco S. R. |last2=Messori |first2=Gabriele |last3=Zhang |first3=Qiong |date=15 January 2016 |title=Impacts of dust reduction on the northward expansion of the African monsoon during the Green Sahara period |journal=Earth and Planetary Science Letters |language=en |volume=434 |pages=298–307 |bibcode=2016E&PSL.434..298P |doi=10.1016/j.epsl.2015.11.049 |issn=0012-821X |doi-access=free}}</ref> There be sanso a suggestion de transition of de Sahara from savanna to desert during de mid-Holocene be partially due to overgrazing by de cattle of de local population.<ref name="Humans as Agents in the Termination of the African Humid Period">{{cite journal |last1=K. Wright |first1=David |last2=Rull |first2=Valenti |last3=Roberts |first3=Richard |last4=Marchant |first4=Rob |last5=Gil-Romera |first5=Graciela |date=26 January 2017 |title=Humans as Agents in the Termination of the African Humid Period |journal=Frontiers in Earth Science |volume=5 |page=4 |bibcode=2017FrEaS...5....4W |doi=10.3389/feart.2017.00004 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Scientists have further studied critical regions, confirming dat human activities den soil health join meteorogical factors as main contributors towards desertification. Insyd de Mu Us Desert, soil health makes up 37% of desertification events while meteorological den human activities work to counteract dis phenomenon by 46% den 17%, respectively. Inner Mongolia desertification be characterize by 24% meteorological contributions den 34.7% soil benefits throughout dis environment. Shaanxi be a counterexample insyd wich meteorological factors work against desertification den soil exacerbates am, demonstrating de various influences of natural factors throughout regions.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Jiaying |last2=Li |first2=Yu |last3=Wang |first3=Xuhui |last4=Ma |first4=Zhongxu |date=22 October 2024 |title=Exploring the Spatial-Temporal Patterns, Drivers, and Response Strategies of Desertification in the Mu Us Desert from Multiple Regional Perspectives |journal=Sustainability |language=en |volume=16 |issue=21 |pages=9154 |doi=10.3390/su16219154 |bibcode=2024Sust...16.9154L |doi-access=free |issn=2071-1050}}</ref> '''<big>Climate change</big>''' Research for desertification be hard, den no single metric go fit define all de aspects<ref />.However, bunch climate change intense be expected say ego increase de current extent of drylands on de continent for de earth inside: from 38% for de late 20th century inside to 50% anaa 56% by say de century go end, under de "moderate" den high-warming Representative Concentration Pathways 4.5 den 8.5. Buncg of de expansion go be seen over regions such as "southwest North America, den northern fringe of Africa, southern Africa, den Australia". Drylands dey cover 41% of de land surface for de earth inside wey dey include 45% of de world's agricultural land.<ref /> De regions dey part of de ecosystem wey be vulnerable to anthropogenic climate den land use change wey desertification be threat to. An observation-based attribution study for desertification inside was carried out for 2020 inside wey account for climate change, climate variability, CO₂ fertilization as well as both de gradual den rapid ecosystem changes caused by land use.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burrell |first=A. L. |last2=Evans |first2=J. P. |last3=De Kauwe |first3=M. G. |date=2020-07-31 |title=Anthropogenic climate change has driven over 5 million km2 of drylands towards desertification |url=https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7395722/ |journal=Nature Communications |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=3853 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17710-7 |issn=2041-1723 |pmc=7395722 |pmid=32737311}}</ref> De study find say, between 1982 den 2015, 6% of de drylands for de world inside go though desertification wey be driven by unsustainable land use practices compounded by anthropogenic climate change. Despite de average global greening, anthropogenic climate change degrade 12.6%12.6% (5.43 million km²) of drylands, contributing to desertification den dey affect 213 million people, 93% of people wey dey live for developing economies inside.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burrell |first=A. L. |last2=Evans |first2=J. P. |last3=De Kauwe |first3=M. G. |date=2020-07-31 |title=Anthropogenic climate change has driven over 5 million km2 of drylands towards desertification |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-17710-7 |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=3853 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-17710-7 |issn=2041-1723 |pmc=7395722 |pmid=32737311}}</ref> '''<big>Agriculture and farming activities</big>''' Farming activities such as overgrazing dey cause desertification<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Otterman |first=Joseph |date=1974-11-08 |title=Baring High-Albedo Soils by Overgrazing: A Hypothesized Desertification Mechanism |url=https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.186.4163.531 |journal=Science |volume=186 |issue=4163 |pages=531–533 |doi=10.1126/science.186.4163.531}}</ref> . For dis farming activity inside, livestock such as cattle den cows are allowed to feed for a piece of land top for a long period of time without planting grasses wey go replace dem. As a result of dis, de land becomes bare, exposed to heat from de sun which dey cause am to harden, heavy wind which also dey cause de land to loose ein nutrients.<ref>{{Citation |title=Desertification |date=2026-06-23 |work=Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Desertification&oldid=1360779556 |access-date=2026-06-23 |language=en}}</ref> Overcultivation den Monocropping den other farming activities wey dey cause desertification in Africa. Planting de same crop repeatedly on de same land dey drains essential nutrients in de land. As de soil be depleted, it dey loose de organic matter den de ability to retain moisture, causing de soil to harden den crack.<ref>{{Citation |title=Desertification, its Causes and why it Matters |date=2011 |work=Desertification, Land Degradation and Sustainability |pages=3–39 |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781119977759.ch1 |access-date=2026-06-23 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Ltd |language=en |doi=10.1002/9781119977759.ch1 |isbn=978-1-119-97775-9}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==External links== {{Commons}} * [https://www.unccd.int Official website of the Secretariat] of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) ** [http://legal.un.org/avl/ha/unccd/unccd.html Procedural history and related documents] on the UNCCD, from the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law * [http://www.fao.org/in-action/action-against-desertification Official website] of Action Against Desertification, a [[United Nations]] [[Food and Agriculture Organization]] initiative of the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States *[https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/report/global-deserts-outlook ''Global Deserts Outlook''] (2006), thematic assessment report in the Global Environment Outlook (GEO) series of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP). {{Authority control}} [[Category:Desertification| ]] [[Category:Environmental soil science]] [[Category:Paleoclimatology]] fr4k4xogdhc555ztbrwuuyoyr15wrj6 0 27275 112531 101855 2026-09-25T02:13:32Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112531 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Oba River''' (Yoruba: '''Odo Ọba''') be a river insyd Oyo den Osun States insyd Nigeria. E be de main tributary of de [[Osun River]]. De landscape dey vary from wooded savanna insyd de north to rain forest insyd de south. Chaw of de people wey dey live along ein length practice farming den fishing. ==Name== De Ọba River be named for de goddess Ọba, one of de wifeys of Shango, de Yoruba god of thunder. Ein oda wifeys be Ọshun den Ọya.{{sfn|Hill|2007|p=51}} According to legend, Ọshun trick Ọba into cutting off ein ear wey she add am to Shango ein chow, wey she say e go please am. Wen Shango find out wat na Ọba do he cam be, furious, screamed wey Osun den Oba flee frighten, turning into de two rivers. Dat be why de meeting point of de Osun den Oba rivers be so rushing.{{sfn|Hill|2007|p=51}} ==Course== De Oba River be de main tributary of de Osun River. E dey rise about {{convert|15|km|mi|0}} north of Ogbomosho insyd Oyo State.{{sfn|Adeboye|Alatise|2008|p=76}} De river dey flow past Ogbomosho, wer e be dammed.{{sfn|Adegbite|2014}} Dem plete de Ogbomoso Reservoir on de Oba River insyd 1964, dey cover an area of {{convert|137.6|ha}} wey get a storage capacity of {{convert|3520|Ml}}.{{sfn|Akintola|Gbadegesin|1997|p=315}} De dam be fed by de Idekun, Eeguno, Akanbi Kemolowo, Omoogun den Yàkù streams, wey e get a catchment area of {{convert|321|km2}}. De Oba dey continue south from de dam til e dey join de Oshun River just above de settlement of Odo Oba. Settlements along ein course from north to south dey include Apo, Iluju, Obada, Mosunmade, Otuokun, Bale, Olori den Olumoye. De river dey receive a left tributary just downstream from Obada den anoda left tributary to de south of Olori. De second tributary dey flow past Ife Odan.{{sfn|Olafisoye|2011|p=357}} De Ọba River dey join de Ọ̀ṣun River insyd a series of rapids.{{sfn|Hill|2007|p=51}} De two rivers dey meet at de northern end of de Asejire Reservoir.{{sfn|Olafisoye|2011|p=357}} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} *{{cite journal|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826115742/http://www.nipng.org/Onlineissues/vol21_2_2010/Adabanija_Sunmonu.pdf|last1=Adabanija|first1=M. A.|last2=Sunmonu|first2=L. A.|journal=Nigerian Journal of Physics|volume=21|issue=2|year=2010|title=Radiometric mapping of lower Oba river flood plain sediments, Ogbomoso South-western Nigeria|accessdate=2014-08-24|archive-date=26 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826115742/https://web.archive.org/web/20140826115742/http://www.nipng.org/Onlineissues/vol21_2_2010/Adabanija_Sunmonu.pdf|url-status=dead}} *{{cite journal |url=http://agriculturejournals.cz/publicFiles/01334.pdf |last1=Adeboye|first1=Omotayo B.|last2=Alatise|first2=Olarewaju M. |journal=Soil & Water Res.|volume=3 |year=2008 |issue=2 |title=Surface Water Potential of the River Osun at Apoje Sub-basin Nigeria|accessdate=2014-08-24}} *{{cite journal |url=http://www.tribune.com.ng/agriculture/item/4618-northern-farmers-turning-oba-river-plain-to-gold-mine/4618-northern-farmers-turning-oba-river-plain-to-gold-mine |last=Adegbite|first=Adewuyi |date=2014-05-05|title=Northern farmers turning Oba River plain to gold mine|journal=Nigerian Tribune|accessdate=2014-08-24}} *{{cite book|url=http://ks360352.kimsufi.com/redbooks/a243/iahs_243_0313.pdf|last1=Akintola|first1=F.O.|last2=Gbadegesin|first2=Adeniyi|title=Freshwater Contamination (Proceedings of Rabat Symposium S4, April-May 1997)|publisher=AHS Publ|year=1997|chapter=Land-use changes and water quality in impounded water-supply dams in southwest Nigeria|accessdate=2014-08-24}} *{{cite book |last=Hill|first=Donald R.|title=Caribbean Folklore: A Handbook |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gbowblf1QP8C&pg=PA51|accessdate=2014-08-24 |year=2007|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-33605-8}} *{{cite journal |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809090549/http://sibran.ru/upload/iblock/6b0/6b0c1aff1c148770d34e9760e357ff24.pdf |last=Olafisoye |first=O. B. |journal=Chemistry for Sustainable Development |volume=19 |year=2011 |title=Estimation of Organic Pollution of Odo Oba River (Osun State, Nigeria) |accessdate=2014-08-24 |archive-date=9 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809090549/http://sibran.ru/upload/iblock/6b0/6b0c1aff1c148770d34e9760e357ff24.pdf |url-status=dead }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Oba River}} [[Category:Rivers of Nigeria]] [[Category:Osun State]] [[Category:Rivers of Yorubaland]] 0pb0j0n6tsjnq0xfjjj42jmuvbhp5q5 0 27350 112411 110735 2026-09-24T19:15:08Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112411 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Waterborne diseases''' be diseases wey pathogenic micro-organisms like bacteria, viruses, protozoa, den parasitic worms dey cause. Dem dey spread thru water wey get contamination. Chaw of dese micro-organisms be intestinal parasites wey fit enter body tissues anaa circulatory system thru de walls of digestive tract. Some oda waterborne diseases dey come from viruses too. Oda important types of waterborne diseases dey cam from metazoan parasites. Common examples dey include sam nematoda (roundworms), wey fit cause sickness like dracunculiasis anaa guinea worm disease. Oda types of metazoan pathogens dey include Schistosomatidae, family of blood flukes. Apart from pathogens, water contamination sanso fi cam from chemical pollutants like volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Dis one dey include benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, den xylenes, wey fit enter water lines thru industrial dumping, pipeline leaks, jet fuel spills, anaa plastic pipes wey heat damage. Dese diseases fit spread wen person bath, wash, drink, anaa chop chow wey touch contaminated water. E dey very common for developing countries wey no get clean water, sanitation, den hygiene (WASH). Even though [[diarrhea]] den vomiting be de most common symptoms, oda symptoms include nausea, stomach cramps, fever, den problems for skin, ear, breathing system, anaa eyes. When water get VOC contamination, e link to headaches, nausea, tumor formation, den even increase cancer risk, wey dey include [[leukemia]]. So, de best way to prevent waterborne diseases be make people get reliable access to clean drinking water den proper sanitation. Dis one include better sanitation systems, chlorination, vaccination, den sustainable technology like solar-powered desalination. Infrastructure improvement like changing bad plastic pipes to metal ones for wildfire-prone areas sanso fi reduce contamination. Billions of people still no get access to clean water, so prevention be very important. Waterborne diseases dey cause plenty death den disability, especially for developing regions, den e sanso dey put economic pressure on affected communities. [[Climate change]] dey increase risk too secof droughts den flooding wey fit spread contamination den affect vulnerable people badly. Surveillance systems like de ones for [[United States]] dey help monitor den prevent disease outbreaks. Historically, improvement insyd sanitation, filtration, chlorination, den microbiology help understand den control these diseases. ==Diseases by type of pathogen== ===Protozoa=== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Disease den transmission<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Guidelines for drinking-water quality.|others=World Health Organization|year=2017|isbn=978-92-4-154995-0|edition=Fourth edition incorporating the first addendum|location=Geneva|oclc=975491910}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Baldursson S, Karanis P|date=December 2011|title=Waterborne transmission of protozoan parasites: review of worldwide outbreaks - an update 2004-2010|journal=Water Research|volume=45|issue=20|pages=6603–14|doi=10.1016/j.watres.2011.10.013|pmid=22048017|bibcode=2011WatRe..45.6603B }}</ref> ! Microbial agent ! Sources of agent insyd water supply ! General symptoms |- |[[Acanthamoeba keratitis]] (cleaning of contact lenses with contaminated water) |[[Acanthamoeba|''Acanthamoeba'' spp.]] (''A. castellanii'' and ''A. polyphaga'') |widely distributed free-living amoebae dem find insyd chaw types of aquatic environments, wey dey include surface water, tap water, swimming pools, den contact lens solutions |Eye pain, eye redness, blurred vision, sensitivity to light, sensation of something insyd de eye, den excessive tearing |- | [[Amoebiasis]] (hand-to-mouth) | Protozoan (''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]'') (Cyst-like appearance) | [[Sewage]], [[water treatment|non-treated drinking water]], [[flies]] insyd water supply, saliva transfer(if de oda person get de disease) | Abdominal discomfort, [[fatigue (medical)|fatigue]], weight loss, [[diarrhea]], [[bloating]], [[fever]] |- | [[Cryptosporidiosis]] (oral) | Protozoan (''[[Cryptosporidium parvum]]'') | Collects on water filters den membranes that cannot be [[disinfected]], [[manure|animal manure]], seasonal [[Surface runoff|runoff]] of water. | [[Flu-like symptoms]], watery diarrhea, loss of appetite, substantial loss of weight, [[bloating]], increased gas, [[nausea]] |- | [[Cyclosporiasis]] | Protozoan parasite (''[[Cyclospora cayetanensis]]'') | [[Sewage]], [[water treatment|non-treated drinking water]] | [[cramps]], nausea, [[vomiting]], muscle aches, fever, and fatigue |- | [[Giardiasis]] (fecal-oral) (hand-to-mouth) | Protozoan (''[[Giardia lamblia]]'') Most common intestinal parasite | Untreated water, poor disinfection, pipe breaks, leaks, [[groundwater]] contamination, [[campgrounds]] where humans and wildlife use same source of water. [[Beavers]] and [[muskrats]] create [[ponds]] that act as [[reservoirs]] for Giardia. | Diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, [[bloating]], and [[flatulence]] |- | [[Microsporidiosis]] | Protozoan phylum (''[[Microsporidia]]''), but closely related to [[fungi]] | ''[[Encephalitozoon intestinalis]]'' has been detected in [[groundwater]], the origin of drinking water<ref name="ewpcw">{{cite journal|vauthors=Nwachcuku N, Gerba CP|date=June 2004|title=Emerging waterborne pathogens: can we kill them all?|url=http://env1.gist.ac.kr/~aeml/paper/papers(pdf)/27-waterborne_pathogens.pdf|journal=Current Opinion in Biotechnology|volume=15|issue=3|pages=175–80|doi=10.1016/j.copbio.2004.04.010|pmc=7134665|pmid=15193323|bibcode=2004COBt...15..175N |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080307190853/http://env1.gist.ac.kr/~aeml/paper/papers(pdf)/27-waterborne_pathogens.pdf|archive-date=2008-03-07|access-date=2007-08-09}}</ref> | Diarrhea and [[wasting]] in [[immunocompromised]] individuals. |- | [[Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis|Naegleriasis]] ([[primary amebic meningoencephalitis]] [PAM]) (nasal) | Protozoan (''[[Naegleria fowleri]]'') (Cyst-like appearance) | [[Watersport]]s, [[Water chlorination|non-chlorinated water]] | Headache, vomiting, confusion, loss of balance, light sensitivity, [[hallucination]]s, [[fatigue (medical)|fatigue]], weight loss, [[fever]], and coma |} ===Bacteria=== {| class="wikitable" |- ! Disease and transmission<ref name="swdo">{{cite journal|display-authors=6|vauthors=Dziuban EJ, Liang JL, Craun GF, Hill V, Yu PA, Painter J, Moore MR, Calderon RL, Roy SL, Beach MJ|date=December 2006|title=Surveillance for waterborne disease and outbreaks associated with recreational water--United States, 2003-2004|url=https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5512a1.htm|url-status=live|journal=Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries|volume=55|issue=12|pages=1–30|pmid=17183230|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029121311/https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5512a1.htm|archive-date=29 October 2017}}</ref><ref name="mmuawg">{{cite journal|vauthors=Petrini B|date=October 2006|title=Mycobacterium marinum: ubiquitous agent of waterborne granulomatous skin infections|url=https://archive.org/details/european-journal-clinical-microbiology_2006-10_25_10/page/609|journal=European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases|volume=25|issue=10|pages=609–13|doi=10.1007/s10096-006-0201-4|pmid=17047903|s2cid=7485002}}</ref> ! Microbial agent ! Sources of agent in water supply ! General symptoms |- | [[Botulism]] | ''[[Clostridium botulinum]]'' | Bacteria can enter an open wound from contaminated water sources. Can enter the gastrointestinal tract through consumption of contaminated [[drinking water]] or (more commonly) food | Dry mouth, [[blurred vision|blurred]] and/or [[Diplopia|double vision]], difficulty swallowing, muscle weakness, difficulty breathing, slurred speech, [[vomiting]] and sometimes [[diarrhea]]. Death is usually caused by [[respiratory failure]]. |- | [[Campylobacteriosis]] | Most commonly caused by ''[[Campylobacter jejuni]]'' | Drinking water contaminated with [[feces]] | Produces [[dysentery]]-like symptoms along with a [[fever|high fever]]. Usually lasts 2–10 days. |- | [[Cholera]] | Spread by the bacterium ''[[Vibrio cholerae]]'' | Drinking water contaminated with the bacterium | In severe forms it is known to be one of the most rapidly fatal illnesses known. Symptoms include very watery diarrhea, [[nausea]], [[cramps]], [[nosebleed]], rapid [[pulse]], vomiting, and [[hypovolemic shock]] (in severe cases), at which point death can occur in 12–18 hours. |- | [[E. coli|''E. coli'' Infection]] | Certain strains of ''[[Escherichia coli]]'' (commonly ''E. coli'') | Water contaminated with the bacteria | Mostly diarrhea. Can cause death in [[immunocompromised]] individuals, the very young, and the elderly due to [[dehydration]] from prolonged illness. |- | [[Mycobacterium marinum|''M. marinum'' infection]] | ''[[Mycobacterium marinum]]'' | Naturally occurs in water, most cases from exposure in [[swimming pools]] or more frequently [[aquariums]]; rare infection since it mostly infects [[immunocompromised]] individuals | Symptoms include [[lesions]] typically located on the elbows, knees, and feet (from [[swimming pools]]) or lesions on the hands ([[aquariums]]). Lesions may be painless or painful. |- | [[Dysentery]] | Caused by a number of species in the genera ''[[Shigella]]'' and ''[[Salmonella]]'' with the most common being ''[[Shigella dysenteriae]]'' | Water contaminated with the bacterium | Frequent passage of [[feces]] with [[blood]] and/or [[mucus]] and in some cases vomiting of blood. |- | [[Legionellosis]] (two distinct forms: Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever) | Caused by bacteria belonging to genus ''[[Legionella]]'' (90% of cases caused by ''[[Legionella pneumophila]]'') | Legionella is a very common organism that reproduces to high numbers in warm water;<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/legionnaires/faq.html|title=Legionnaires' Disease eTool: Facts and FAQs|website=www.osha.gov|access-date=29 April 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171115083526/https://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/legionnaires/faq.html|archive-date=15 November 2017}}</ref> but only causes severe disease when aerosolized.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/legionella/about/causes-transmission.html|title=Legionella - Causes and Transmission - Legionnaires - CDC|date=8 December 2017|website=www.cdc.gov|access-date=29 April 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325023304/http://www.cdc.gov/legionella/about/causes-transmission.html|archive-date=25 March 2016}}</ref> | Pontiac fever produces milder symptoms resembling acute [[influenza]] without [[pneumonia]]. Legionnaires' disease has severe symptoms such as [[fever]], [[chills]], pneumonia (with cough that sometimes produces [[sputum]]), [[ataxia]], [[Anorexia (symptom)|anorexia]], muscle aches, [[malaise]] and occasionally diarrhea and vomiting |- | [[Leptospirosis]] | Caused by bacterium of genus ''[[Leptospira]]'' | Water contaminated by the animal urine carrying the bacteria | Begins with [[flu-like symptoms]] then resolves. The second phase then occurs involving [[meningitis]], [[liver]] damage (causes [[jaundice]]), and [[kidney failure]] |- | [[Otitis Externa]] (swimmer's ear) | Caused by a number of [[bacteria]]l and [[fungus|fungal]] species. | Swimming in water contaminated by the responsible pathogens | [[Ear canal]] swells, causing pain and tenderness to the touch |- | [[Salmonellosis]] | Caused by many bacteria of genus ''[[Salmonella]]'' | Drinking water contaminated with the bacteria. More common as a [[food borne illness]]. | Symptoms include [[diarrhea]], [[fever]], vomiting, and abdominal cramps |- | [[Typhoid fever]] | [[Salmonella enterica|''Salmonella typhi'']] | Ingestion of water contaminated with [[feces]] of an infected person | Characterized by sustained fever up to 40&nbsp;°C (104&nbsp;°F), profuse [[sweating]]; diarrhea, muscle aches, fatigue, and constipation may occur. Symptoms progress to [[delirium]], and the [[spleen]] and [[liver]] enlarge if untreated. In this case, it can last up to four weeks and cause death. Some people with typhoid fever develop a rash called "rose spots", small red spots on the abdomen and chest. |- | [[Vibrio|Vibrio Illness]] | ''[[Vibrio vulnificus]]'', ''[[Vibrio alginolyticus]]'', and ''[[Vibrio parahaemolyticus]]'' | Can enter [[wounds]] from contaminated water. Also acquired by drinking contaminated water or eating undercooked [[oysters]]. | Symptoms include abdominal tenderness, agitation, bloody stools, chills, confusion, difficulty paying attention (attention deficit), delirium, fluctuating mood, hallucination, nosebleeds, severe fatigue, slow, sluggish, lethargic feeling, weakness. |} ===Viruses=== [[File:Hepatitis A virus 01.jpg|alt=Hepatitis A is one of waterborne diseases and its symptoms are only acute. Symptoms include fatigue, fever, etc.|thumb|197x197px|'''Hepatitis A virus'''Hepatitis A is one of waterborne diseases and its symptoms are only acute. Symptoms include fatigue, fever, etc.]] {| class="wikitable" |- ! Disease and transmission<ref name="ewpcw" /><ref name="ciasuv">{{cite journal|vauthors=Nwachuku N, Gerba CP, Oswald A, Mashadi FD|date=September 2005|title=Comparative inactivation of adenovirus serotypes by UV light disinfection|url= http://aem.asm.org/cgi/reprint/71/9/5633.pdf|url-status=live|journal=Applied and Environmental Microbiology|volume=71|issue=9|pages=5633–6|doi=10.1128/AEM.71.9.5633-5636.2005|pmc=1214670|pmid=16151167|bibcode=2005ApEnM..71.5633N|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926101329/http://aem.asm.org/cgi/reprint/71/9/5633.pdf|archive-date=2007-09-26}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Gall AM, Mariñas BJ, Lu Y, Shisler JL|date=June 2015|title=Waterborne Viruses: A Barrier to Safe Drinking Water|journal=PLOS Pathogens|volume=11|issue=6|article-number=e1004867|doi=10.1371/journal.ppat.1004867|pmc=4482390|pmid=26110535 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Hepatitis A|url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-a|access-date=2020-11-19|website=www.who.int|language=en}}</ref> ! Viral agent ! Sources of agent in water supply ! General symptoms |- | [[Hepatitis A]] | Hepatitis A virus (HAV) | Can manifest itself in water (and food) | Symptoms are only [[acute (medicine)|acute]] (no [[chronic (medicine)|chronic]] stage to the virus) and include [[Fatigue (medical)|Fatigue]], fever, [[malaise]], abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, weight loss, itching, [[jaundice]], and [[depression (mood)|depression]]. |- |Hepatitis E ([[Fecal–oral route|fecal-oral]]) |[[Hepatitis E virus]] (HEV) |Enters water through the [[feces]] of infected individuals |Symptoms of acute [[hepatitis]] (liver disease), including [[fever]], [[fatigue]], loss of appetite, [[nausea]], vomiting, abdominal pain, [[jaundice]], dark urine, clay-colored stool, and joint pain |- |Acute gastrointestinal illness [AGI] ([[Fecal–oral route|fecal-oral]]; spread by food, water, person-to-person, and fomites) |[[Norovirus]] |Enters water through the [[feces]] of infected individuals |[[Diarrhea]], vomiting, [[nausea]], stomach pain |- | [[Poliomyelitis]] (Polio) | [[Poliovirus]] | Enters water through the [[feces]] of infected individuals | 90–95% of patients show no symptoms, 4–8% have minor symptoms (comparatively) with [[delirium]], [[headache]], [[fever]], and occasional [[seizures]], and [[spastic paralysis]], 1% have symptoms of non-paralytic [[aseptic meningitis]]. The rest have serious symptoms resulting in [[paralysis]] or death |- | [[Polyomavirus|Polyomavirus infection]] | Two of [[Polyomavirus]]: [[JC virus]] and [[BK virus]] | Very widespread, can manifest itself in water, ~80% of the population has [[antibodies]] to Polyomavirus | BK virus produces a mild [[respiratory infection]] and can infect the [[kidneys]] of [[immunosuppressed]] [[Organ transplant|transplant]] patients. JC virus infects the [[respiratory system]], kidneys or can cause [[progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy]] in the [[brain]] (which is fatal). |} ===Algae=== {| class="wikitable" !Disease and transmission<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Westblade LF, Ranganath S, Dunne WM, Burnham CA, Fader R, Ford BA|date=March 2015|title=Infection with a chlorophyllic eukaryote after a traumatic freshwater injury|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_the-new-england-journal-of-medicine_2015-03-05_372_10/page/982|journal=The New England Journal of Medicine|volume=372|issue=10|pages=982–4|doi=10.1056/NEJMc1401816|pmid=25738686|doi-access=free}}</ref> !Microbial agent !Sources of agent in water supply !General symptoms |- |[[Desmodesmus]] infection |[[desmodesmus]] armatus |Naturally occurs in water. Can enter open wounds. |Similar to fungal infection. |} === Parasitic worms === {| class="wikitable" !Disease and transmission<ref name="isbn0-697-26071-2">{{cite book | vauthors = Janovy J, Schmidt GD, Roberts LS |title=Gerald D. Schmidt & Larry S. Roberts' Foundations of parasitology | url = https://archive.org/details/geralddschmidtla0000robe |publisher=Wm. C. Brown |location=Dubuque, Iowa |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-697-26071-0 }}</ref><ref name=":0" /> !Agent !Sources of agent in water supply !General symptoms |- |[[Dracunculiasis]] [Guinea worm disease] (ingestion of contaminated water.) |''[[Dracunculus medinensis]]'' |Female worm emerges from host skin and releases larvae in water. |Slight [[fever]], itchy [[rash]], [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[diarrhea]], dizziness, followed by formation of painful blister (typically on lower body parts) |- |Schistosomiasis [an infection with the parasitic worm [[Schistosoma]]](ingestion or swimming in contaminated water.) <ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Cleveland Clinic |title=Schistosomiasis |url=https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22631-schistosomiasis}}</ref> |''[[Schistosoma]]'' |The worm enters your body through the skin and spreads throughout your body through the blood stream. <ref name=":10" /> |Rash, itching, flu-like symptoms, stomach pain, muscle aches, loss of appetite, [[Hematemesis|vomiting blood]], and [[Neurological disorder|neurological symptoms]]. <ref name=":10" /> |} === Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) === {| class="wikitable" !Disease and transmission !VOC !Sources of agent in water supply !General symptoms |- |Leukemia |Any volatile compounds such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes. <ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=AJPH |url=http://ajph.aphapublications.org/ |access-date=2026-02-26 |website=American Journal of Public Health |language=en |doi=10.2105/AJPH.80.10.1209}}</ref> |Water used as dumping grounds of VOCs, causing contamination; pipeline bursts; jet fuel leakage. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Crane-Murdoch |first=Sierra |date=2014-04-05 |title=Looking for Answers in a Town Known for Leukemia |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/04/looking-for-answers-in-a-town-known-for-leukemia/284385/ |access-date=2026-02-26 |website=The Atlantic |language=en}}</ref> |Headache, fever, nausea, formation of tumors. <ref name=":6" /> |} == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/disease/ Water-related Diseases, Contaminants, and Injuries] Listing of water-related diseases, contaminants and injuries with alphabetical index, listing by type of disease (bacterial, parasitic, etc.) and listing by symptoms caused (diarrhea, skin rash, and many more ) including links to other resources (CDC's Healthy Water site) * [https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/diseases-risks/diseases/diarrhoea/en/ World Health Organization (WHO) "Water-Related Diseases"] {{DEFAULTSORT:Waterborne Diseases}} [[Category:Waterborne diseases| ]] [[Category:Drinking water]] [[Category:Sanitation]] [[Category:Environmental health]] pk3p4n5x586jkdzsi918s0dffcirhza 0 27385 112582 103623 2026-09-25T03:19:14Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112582 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Zambezi Watercourse Commission''' (ZAMCOM) be a water management organization wey establish by member states of de [[Southern African Development Community]] (SADC) whose territory dey contain de [[Zambezi]] river basin.{{sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} ==Zambezi River== [[File:Zambezi river basin cropped.jpg|thumb|240px|Zambezi River Basin]] De Zambezi dey originate insyd northwestern Zambia, den dey run west den then southwest thru [[Angola]] before reentering Zambia. E dey flow south den dey form part of de border between Zambia den [[Namibia]]. After picking up de waters of de Chobe River at de quadripoint wey Zambia, Namibia, [[Botswana]] den Zimbabwe meet, de river dey flow east along de border between Zambia den Zimbabwe, powering de shared Kariba Dam hydroelectric station, before entering [[Mozambique]] den flowing to de Indian Ocean.{{sfn|Basin Map and Description}} De Zambezi basin sanso dey include parts of Malawi den Tanzania. De Zambezi be de fourth largest river insyd Africa after de [[Nile]], [[Congo River|Congo]] den [[Niger River|Niger]].{{sfn|Moran|2011|p=244}} ==Organisation== De eight Zambezi Basin riparian states dat participate insyd ZAMCOM be [[Angola]], [[Botswana]], [[Malawi]], [[Mozambique]], [[Namibia]], [[Tanzania]], [[Zambia]] den [[Zimbabwe]]. ZAMCOM operations dey insyd line plus de revised SADC Protocol on Shared Watercourses.{{sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} De SADC Protocol be adopted insyd 1995 den by SADC member states, wey dey include all Zambezi riparian states, wey cam into force insyd 1998.<ref>{{cite web|title=SADC Protocol on Shared Watercourses (original 1995)|url=http://www.icp-confluence-sadc.org/documents/sadc-protocol-shared-watercourses-original-1995|publisher=SADC Water Sector ICP Collaboration Portal|access-date=16 July 2013|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051555/http://www.icp-confluence-sadc.org/documents/sadc-protocol-shared-watercourses-original-1995|url-status=dead}}</ref> Seven of de riparian states sign de ZAMCOM Agreement on 13 July 2004 at Kasane insyd Botswana.{{sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} Zambia commit to signing after further national consultation before de August 2004 SADC Summit,{{sfn|SADC TODAY|2004}} buh na e no sign de agreement. De agreement cam into force insyd June 2011 widout Zambia having signed den widout key institutions such as de Council of Ministers den a Permanent Secretariat dem set up.<ref>{{cite web|last=Stuurman|first=Siphosethu|title=Zambezi Commission Comes of Age|url=http://africa.ipsterraviva.net/2012/06/07/zambezi-commission-comes-of-age/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618025730/http://africa.ipsterraviva.net/2012/06/07/zambezi-commission-comes-of-age/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=June 18, 2012|publisher=IPS Africa Terra Viva|access-date=16 July 2013|date=7 June 2012}}</ref> De Interim ZAMCOM Secretariat (IZS) base insyd [[Gaborone]], Botswana, na dem establish insyd May 2011. De IZS, wey dey head by an Executive Secretary, be financially supported by de Norwegian Government, wey e get de objective of making de ZAMCOM Agreement operational den establishing ein Permanent Secretariat. E be given strategic guidance den oversight by de Ministers responsible for Water insyd de member countries.{{sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} Insyd May 2013 at a meeting of SADC Water Ministers insyd Luanda, Angola, de ZAMCOM Council of Ministers dem establish wey na Zimbabwe be designed to host de Commission ein headquarters, de permanent Secretariat. De Ministerial Council elect Angola to serve as a chair for one year. Zambia announce at de meeting dat e be "ready to join de commission".<ref>{{cite web|title=ZAMCOM Press release|url=http://www.zambezicommission.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=42:press-release&catid=14&Itemid=118|access-date=16 July 2013|date=31 May 2013}}</ref> ==Objectives den activities== Na de purpose of ZAMCOM be "to promote de equitable den reasonable utilization of de water resources of de Zambezi Watercourse as well as de efficient management den sustainable development thereof".{{sfn|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} Poverty reduction be de first priority of SADC, den ZAMCOM get a primary goal of poverty reduction thru de shared water resource.{{sfn|SADC TODAY|2004}} ZAMCOM for address de concerns of downstream users over extraction of water upstream. Thus [[Mozambique]] be concerned dat ein prawn industry insyd de Zambezi delta no be affect by reduced flows, den dat de Cahora Bassa hydroelectric plant dey receive sufficient water.{{sfn|Valy|2004}} Planned upstream water abstractions include de Matabeleland Zambezi Water Project insyd Zimbabwe dat fit bring water from de Zambezi to Bulawayo den ein surrounding areas, as well as a proposed extension of de existing North-South Carrier insyd Botswana wey go connect de carrier to de Zambezi River. Zambia den Namibia both get plans to expand irrigation insyd de upper river basin. South Africa, although no be a riparian to de Zambezi river, sanso get plans to draw substantial amounts of water from de Zambezi River once de Lesotho Highlands Water Project be "fully developed".<ref>{{cite web|last=Mutembwa|first=Ammon|title=Water and the Potential for Resource Conflicts in Southern Africa|url=http://www.dartmouth.edu/~gsfi/gsfiweb/htmls/papers/text3.htm|publisher=University of Cambridge, Global Security Fellows Initiative, Occasional Paper No. 3|access-date=16 July 2013|year=1998|archive-date=25 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725114626/http://www.dartmouth.edu/~gsfi/gsfiweb/htmls/papers/text3.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> == References == '''Citations''' <references /> '''Sources''' *{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Basin Map and Description}} |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130211032248/http://www.zaraho.org.zm/bmd.html |title=Basin Map and Description |publisher=Zambezi River Authority |access-date=2012-09-23 |archive-date=2013-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130211032248/https://web.archive.org/web/20130211032248/http://www.zaraho.org.zm/bmd.html |url-status=dead }} *{{cite book|last=Moran|first=Daniel|title=Climate Change and National Security: A Country-Level Analysis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3B0kph7i_XYC&pg=PA239|access-date=2012-09-22|date=2011-04-15|publisher=Georgetown University Press|isbn=978-1-58901-741-2}} *{{cite journal |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050228160952/http://www.sardc.net/Editorial/sadctoday/v7-3-8-04/zambezi.htm |title=Zambezi Watercourse Commission: The origins and purpose |author=SADC TODAY |journal=SADC Today |volume=7 |issue=2 |date=August 2004 |access-date=2012-09-24 |archive-date=2005-02-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050228160952/http://www.sardc.net/Editorial/sadctoday/v7-3-8-04/zambezi.htm |url-status=dead }} *{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Zambezi Watercourse Commission - SADC}} |url=http://www.icp-confluence-sadc.org/rbo/66 |title=Zambezi Watercourse Commission (ZAMCOM) |publisher=SADC |access-date=2012-09-24 }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Zambezi basin]] [[Category:Zambezi River]] [[Category:Southern African Development Community]] [[Category:Organizations dem establish insyd 2004]] [[Category:2004 establishments insyd Africa]] 3lrk116j3gwd8qbmhtv2v9eezox7m5i 0 27442 112579 104063 2026-09-25T03:15:36Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 4 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112579 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Yala River''' be a river insyd western Kenya, a tributary of [[Lake Victoria]]. E generally dey flow fast over a rocky bed thru a wide valley before joining de Nzoia River to form de Yala Swamp on de border of Lake Victoria. De land along ein course be mostly cultivated anaa used for grazing, plus relatively few remnants of de original forest. Soil erosion be visible thru out de river basin, particularly insyd de lower parts. Projects be underway to exploit de river for hydroelectricity. ==Course== De Yala River dey rise insyd de Nandi Escarpment insyd de Rift Valley Province, Kenya. E dey flow west for {{convert|219|km}} to ein mouth on [[Lake Victoria]] insyd Siaya County, Kenya.{{sfn|Okuna|2019}} E be one of de largest Kenyan rivers wey dey feed Lake Victoria, plus an average discharge of {{convert|27.4|m3/s}}.{{sfn|Boye|Verchot|Zomer|2008|p=4}} De river dey contribute about 5% of de annual inflow to Lake Victoria.{{sfn|Identification of a multipurpose water resources ...}} De Yala River dey flow thru a wide, mature valley wey dey appear e be rejuvenated during de tilting dem associate plus de rifting movements of de mid-Pleistocene. E dey run swiftly over a rocky bed, plus a notable absence of alluvial flats den terraces.{{sfn|Ominde|1971|p=30}} De main channel be about {{convert|30|m}} wide, apart from de Yala Swamp.{{sfn|Identification of a multipurpose water resources ...}} De river dey run thru de southeast of de Kakamega Forest, wer e get a dramatic {{convert|20|m|adj=on}} waterfall.{{sfn|Mwangi|Chege|2019|p=4}} De Yala Swamp at de mouth of de river dey cover about {{convert|175|km2}} along de northern shore of Lake Victoria.{{sfn|Okuna|2019}} De swamp dey contain {{convert|15|km2}} Lake Kanyaboli, a freshwater deltaic wetland plus an average depth of {{convert|3|m}}, wich be fed by de floodwaters of de Nzoia den Yala rivers den by de backflow of water from Lake Victoria. De lake dey provide a refuge for several species of fish wey no longer be present insyd Lake Victoria.{{sfn|Lake Kanyaboli – Kenya GNF}} Insyd de past de Yala River flow thru de eastern 20% of de Yala Swamp into Lake Kanyaboli, then into de main swamp, den then thru a small gulf into Lake Victoria. Today de eastern part of de swamp be drained, wey de river dey flow directly into de {{convert|80|km2}} main swamp. E be cut off from Lake Kanyaboli by a silt-clay dyke. Lake Kanyaboli now dey receive ein water from de surrounding catchment area den from back-seepage from de swamp. De river ein gulf be cut off from de lake by a culvert, wich create de {{convert|5|km2}} Lake Sare thru back-flooding.{{sfn|Yala Swamp Complex ... BirdLife}} Lake Sare, plus ein direct link to Lake Victoria, be important in preserving de cichlid fish fauna of Lake Victoria.{{sfn|Gichuki|Maithya|Masai|2005|p=340}} De river water dey enter Lake Victoria from Lake Sare thru a channel wey be crossed by a bridge wey dey carry de C27 coastal highway along de Goye causeway.{{sfn|Relation: Yala (8873639)}}{{sfn|Gichuki|Maithya|Masai|2005|p=341}} ==Basin== [[File:Crossing The Yala.jpg|thumb|Handmade raft for de river top]] De Yala River drainage basin dey cover {{convert|3351|km2}}.{{sfn|Okuna|2019}} An ecosystem management study of de Yala den Nzoia river basins dem issue a baseline report insyd 2008. E study three representative {{convert|100|km2}} blocks of land insyd de Yala basin.{{sfn|Boye|Verchot|Zomer|2008|p=5}} Insyd all three blocks much of de land be cultivated. Subsistence crops include maize, beans, sorghum, banana, cassava den sweet potato, while cash crops include tea, wheat den mango.{{sfn|Boye|Verchot|Zomer|2008|p=9, 27, 43}} De Upper Yala Block insyd de Uasin Gishu District dey include Lake Lessos, one of de Yala River ein main sources. De block get level terrain plus medium gradient hills plus shallow depressions. Der be wetlands den small permanent streams. De farms be large den der be little subsistence agriculture. De cultivated land be interspersed plus grasslands.{{sfn|Boye|Verchot|Zomer|2008|p=41}} Dairy production is important.{{sfn|Boye|Verchot|Zomer|2008|p=43}} 22% of de plots show soil erosion insyd 2008.{{sfn|Boye|Verchot|Zomer|2008|p=46}} De Middle Yala Block insyd Vihiga District den Kakamega District dey contain mountainous highlands plus chaw small streams, wey dem hold clusters of wetlands. Der be preserved remnants of forest thru out de block dem use for cultural purposes, den dey log insyd de Kaimosi forest insyd de southeast of de block. Chaw of de farms be overcropped, widout traditional rotation den fallow periods. De farms be managed better insyd de north of de block, plus more trees den hedges, while insyd de southern part steep slopes be cultivated plus no conservation measures.{{sfn|Boye|Verchot|Zomer|2008|p=25}} About half the block shows evidence of soil erosion.{{sfn|Boye|Verchot|Zomer|2008|p=29}} De Lower Yala block insyd Kisumu District den Siaya District get low to medium gradient terrain plus a few large hills. Chaw of de population be Luo, buh insyd sam areas de people be mainly Luhya.{{sfn|Boye|Verchot|Zomer|2008|p=9}} About 43% of de land be used for crops, den 55% for grazing livestock.{{sfn|Boye|Verchot|Zomer|2008|p=13}} Livestock dey include cows, bulls, chickens, goats den sheep.{{sfn|Boye|Verchot|Zomer|2008|p=18}} Der be few trees, den widespread soil erosion.{{sfn|Boye|Verchot|Zomer|2008|p=14}} == Hydroelectric projects == As of 2016 a feasibility study dem plete for development of de Nandi Forest dam to support irrigation, water supply den power generation. De power plant go get two 25 MW Pelton turbines wey go supply 185 GWh annually.{{sfn|Lahmeyer International GmbH|2016|p=59}} Insyd April 2020 dem announce say Tembo Power of Mauritius, along plus Metier and WK Construction of South Africa sign an agreement for development of a run-of-the-river hydroelectricity plant on de Yala River.{{sfn|Kenya: Tembo Power ...}} De Kaptis Hydroelectric Power Station be to have a 15MW capacity wey go be operational by 2022. De project go cost $30 million. De electricity go be fed to de grid operated by de state-owned Kenya Power and Lighting Company (KPLC).{{sfn|Takouleu|2020}} De power plant be to be located near de town of Kakamega.{{sfn|Creamer|2020}} == References == <references /> ==External links== {{Commons}} *{{citation |url=https://www.oceandocs.org/bitstream/handle/1834/6839/ktf0256.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=2021-03-07 |first1=Anja |last1=Boye |first2=Louis |last2=Verchot |first3=Robert |last3=Zomer |publisher=International Centre for Research in Agorforestry |location=Nairobi, Kenya |date=5 March 2008 |title=Baseline Report Yala and Nzoia River Basins |type=Western Kenya Integrated Ecosystem Management Project: Findings from the Baseline Surveys }} *{{citation |url=https://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/debt-funders-appointed-for-15-mw-kenya-hydropower-project-2020-04-16/rep_id:4136 |access-date=2021-03-07 |last=Creamer |first=Terence |date=16 April 2020 |work=Engineering News |title=Debt funders appointed for 15 MW Kenya hydropower project}} *{{citation |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268351503 |access-date=2021-03-07 |last1=Gichuki |first1=John |first2=Jacob |last2=Maithya |first3=D. M. |last3=Masai |title= Recent ecological changes in of Lake Sare, western Kenya |date=September 2005 |publisher=Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute}} *{{citation |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190917083302/https://www.fcgkenya.co.ke/projects/identification-of-a-multipurpose-water-resources-development-project-in-the-yala-river-basin-in-kenya |access-date=2021-03-07 |title=Identification of a multipurpose water resources development project in the Yala River basin in Kenya |publisher=FCG Kenya |ref={{harvid|Identification of a multipurpose water resources ...}} }} *{{citation |url=https://www.africa-energy.com/article/kenya-tembo-power-develop-first-hydro-project-metier |access-date=2021-03-07 |title=Kenya: Tembo Power to develop first hydro project with Metier |date=17 April 2020 |work=African Energy |ref={{harvid|Kenya: Tembo Power ...}} }} *{{citation |url=https://docplayer.net/30808072-Development-of-a-power-generation-and-transmission-master-plan-kenya.html |access-date=2021-03-07 |author=Lahmeyer International GmbH |title=Development of a Power Generation and Transmission Master Plan, Kenya |date=May 2016}} *{{citation |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124054119/https://www.globalnature.org/35619/Living-Lakes/National-Networks/Network-East-Africa/Kanyaboli/resindex.aspx |access-date=2021-03-07 |title=Lake Kanyaboli – Kenya |publisher=Global Nature Fund |ref={{harvid|Lake Kanyaboli – Kenya GNF}} |archive-date=2021-01-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124054119/https://web.archive.org/web/20210124054119/https://www.globalnature.org/35619/Living-Lakes/National-Networks/Network-East-Africa/Kanyaboli/resindex.aspx |url-status=dead }} *{{citation |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026150422/https://www.nema.go.ke/images/Docs/EIA_1680-1689/EIA_1683_Kakamega%20Forest%20fence%20ESIA%20Study-min.pdf |access-date=2021-03-07 |last1=Mwangi |first1=Peter |last2=Chege |first2=David |date=December 2019 |publisher=Kenya Wildlife Service |title=Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Study Report for the Proposed Kakamega Forest Conservation Fence Project}} *{{citation |url=https://www.grin.com/document/465661 |access-date=2021-03-06 |location=Munich |publisher=GRIN Verlag |last=Okuna |first=Patience |year=2019 |title=Threats to the survival of river Yala in Kenya}} *{{citation |last=Ominde|first=Simeon Hongo|title=Studies in East African Geography and Development|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WgamvCA98usC&pg=PA30 |date=1971-01-01|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-02073-3}} *{{citation |url=https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/8873639#map=12/-0.0290/34.0623 |access-date=2021-03-07 |title=Relation: Yala (8873639) |work=OpenStreetMap |ref={{harvid|Relation: Yala (8873639)}} }} *{{citation |title=Variation of flow of water from Rivers Nzoia, Yala and Sio into Lake Victoria |year=2011 |last1=Sangale |first1=Felix |last2=Okungu |first2=John |last3=Opango |first3=Peterlis |publisher=Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources |url=http://repository.eac.int:8080/bitstream/handle/11671/824/Variation%20of%20flow%20of%20water%20from%20rivers%20Nzoia%2c%20Yala%20and%20Sio%20into%20Lake%20Victoria.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |access-date=2021-03-07}} *{{citation |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201210085331/https://www.afrik21.africa/en/kenya-eaif-and-finnfund-finance-15-mw-kaptis-hydroelectric-project/ |access-date=2021-03-07 |last=Takouleu |first=Jean-Marie |date=20 April 2020 |title=KENYA: EAIF and Finnfund finance 15 MW Kaptis Hydroelectric Project |work=Afrik21}} *{{citation |url=http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/yala-swamp-complex-iba-kenya |access-date=2021-03-07 |title=Yala Swamp Complex |publisher=BirdLife International |ref={{harvid|Yala Swamp Complex ... BirdLife}} }} {{DEFAULTSORT:}} [[Category:Rivers of Kenya]] nxljs1vuz3rylqyw6upchfgetyh9prv 0 27473 112343 110680 2026-09-24T17:22:12Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112343 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Water''' be an inorganic compound plus de chemical formula H2O. E be a transparent, tasteless, odorless, den nearly colorless chemical substance. E be de main constituent of [[Earth]] ein streams, lakes, den oceans. Water sanso be de fluid of all known living organisms, insyd wich e dey act as a solvent. Water, be a polar molecule, wey dey undergo strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding wich be a large contributor to ein physical den chemical properties.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/water-qa-why-water-universal-solvent?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects |title=Water Q&A: Why is water the "universal solvent"? |date=20 June 2019 |website=Water Science School |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]], [[U.S. Department of the Interior]] |access-date=15 January 2021 |archive-date=6 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206061114/https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/water-qa-why-water-universal-solvent?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects |url-status=live }}</ref> E be vital give all known forms of life, despite no dey provide food energy anaa e be an organic micronutrient. Secof ein presence insyd all organisms, ein chemical stability, ein worldwide abundance, den ein strong polarity relative to ein small molecular size, water often be referred to as de "universal solvent".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-09 |title=4.1: Water, the Universal Solvent |url=https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_California_Santa_Cruz/UCSC%3A_Chem_1B-AL_(Mednick)/Map%3A_Chemistry_(Zumdahl_and_Decoste)/Map%3A_Chemistry_(Zumdahl_and_Decoste)/04%3A_Types_of_Chemical_Reactions_and_Solution_Stoichiometry/4.01_Water%2C_the_Universal_Solvent |access-date=2026-01-14 |website=Chemistry LibreTexts |language=en}}</ref> Secof Earth ein surface temperature den pressure be relatively close to water ein triple point, water dey exist on Earth as a solid, a liquid, den a gas.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Butler |first1=John |title=The Earth – Introduction – Weathering |url=https://uh.edu/~jbutler/physical/chapter6notes.html |publisher=[[University of Houston]] |access-date=30 January 2023 |quote=Note that the Earth environment is close to the triple point and that water, steam and ice can all exist at the surface. |archive-date=30 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230130051934/https://uh.edu/~jbutler/physical/chapter6notes.html |url-status=live }}</ref> E dey form [[precipitation]] insyd de form of rain den aerosols insyd de form of fog. Clouds dey consist of suspended droplets of water den ice, ein solid state. Wen finely divided, crystalline ice fi precipitate insyd de form of snow. De gaseous state of water be steam anaa water vapor. Water dey cover about 71% of de Earth ein surface, plus seas den oceans wey dey make up chaw of de water volume (about 96.5%).<ref name="WSS">{{cite web |url=https://www.usgs.gov/special-topics/water-science-school/science/how-much-water-there-earth |title=How Much Water is There on Earth? |date=13 November 2019 |website=Water Science School |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]], [[U.S. Department of the Interior]] |access-date=8 June 2022 |archive-date=9 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220609050627/https://www.usgs.gov/special-topics/water-science-school/science/how-much-water-there-earth |url-status=live }}</ref> Small portions of water dey occur as groundwater (1.7%), insyd de glaciers den de ice caps of Antarctica den Greenland (1.7%), den insyd de air as vapor, clouds (wey dey consist of ice den liquid water dem suspend insyd air), den precipitation (0.001%).<ref name="b1">{{cite book |title=Water in Crisis: A Guide to the World's Freshwater Resources |editor=Gleick, P.H. |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=1993 |page=13, Table 2.1 "Water reserves on the earth" |url=http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/EarthSciences/Oceanography/?view=usa&ci=9780195076288 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130408091921/http://www.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/EarthSciences/Oceanography/?view=usa&ci=9780195076288 |archive-date=8 April 2013 }}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070320034158/http://www.agu.org/sci_soc/mockler.html Water Vapor in the Climate System] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070320034158/http://www.agu.org/sci_soc/mockler.html |date=20 March 2007 }}, Special Report, [AGU], December 1995 (linked 4/2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20080220070111/http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/ Vital Water] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080220070111/http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/ |date=20 February 2008 }} [[UNEP]].</ref> Water dey move continually thru de water cycle of evaporation, transpiration (evapotranspiration), condensation, precipitation, den runoff, usually dey reach de sea. Water dey play an important role insyd de world economy. Approximately 70% of de fresh water wey humans use [[Irrigation|dey go to agriculture]].<ref name=Baroni2007>{{cite journal |author=Baroni, L. |author2=Cenci, L. |author3=Tettamanti, M. |author4=Berati, M. |year=2007 |title=Evaluating the environmental impact of various dietary patterns combined with different food production systems |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_european-journal-of-clinical-nutrition_2007-02_61_2/page/279 |journal=European Journal of Clinical Nutrition |volume=61 |pages=279–286 |doi=10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602522 |pmid=17035955 |issue=2|doi-access=free | issn=0954-3007 }}</ref> Fishing insyd salt den fresh water bodies be, den dey continue to be, a major source of chow give chaw parts of de world, wey dey provide 6.5% of global protein.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Troell |first1=Max |last2=Naylor |first2=Rosamond L. |last3=Metian |first3=Marc |last4=Beveridge |first4=Malcolm |last5=Tyedmers |first5=Peter H. |last6=Folke |first6=Carl |last7=Arrow |first7=Kenneth J. |last8=Barrett |first8=Scott |last9=Crépin |first9=Anne-Sophie |last10=Ehrlich |first10=Paul R. |last11=Gren |first11=Åsa |date=16 September 2014 |title=Does aquaculture add resilience to the global food system? |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |language=en |volume=111 |issue=37 |pages=13257–13263 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1404067111 |issn=0027-8424 |pmc=4169979 |pmid=25136111|bibcode=2014PNAS..11113257T |doi-access=free }}</ref> Much of de long-distance trade of commodities (such as oil, natural gas, den manufactured products) be transported by boats thru seas, rivers, lakes, den canals. Large quantities of water, ice, den steam be used for cooling den heating insyd industry den homes. Water be an excellent solvent give a wide variety of substances, both mineral den organic; as such, e be widely used insyd industrial processes den insyd cooking den washing. Water, ice, den snow sanso be central to chaw sports den oda forms of entertainment, such as swimming, pleasure boating, boat racing, surfing, sport fishing, diving, ice skating, snowboarding, den skiing. ==Etymology== De word ''water'' dey cam from Old English '''{{Lang|ang|wæter}}''', from Proto-Germanic {{lang|gem-x-proto|*watar}} (source sanso of Old Saxon {{Lang|osx|watar}}, Old Frisian {{Lang|ofs|wetir}}, Dutch {{Lang|nl|water}}, Old High German {{Lang|goh|wazzar}}, German {{Lang|de|Wasser}}, {{Lang|non|vatn}}, Gothic {{Lang|got|𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉}} (''wato'')), from Proto-Indo-European {{lang|ine-x-proto|*wod-or}}, suffixed form of root {{lang|ine-x-proto|*wed-}} ('water'; 'wet').<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=water |title=Water (v.) |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=www.etymonline.com |publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary |access-date=20 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170802204905/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=water |archive-date=2 August 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> Also cognate, thru de Indo-European root, with Greek {{Lang|el|ύδωρ}} ((''ýdor''; from Ancient Greek {{Lang|grc|ὕδωρ}} (''hýdōr''), whence English 'hydro-'), Russian {{Lang|ru|вода́}} (''vodá''), Irish {{Lang|ga|uisce}}, den Albanian {{Lang|sq|ujë}}. ==Distribution insyd nature== ===Insyd de universe=== ====Water vapor==== Water be present as vapor insyd: * Atmosphere of de Sun: insyd detectable trace amounts<ref name=Solanki1994>{{cite journal |last1=Solanki |first1=S.K. |last2=Livingston |first2=W. |last3=Ayres |first3=T. |year=1994 |title=New Light on the Heart of Darkness of the Solar Chromosphere |journal=[[Science (journal)|Science]] |pmid=17748350 |volume=263 |issue=5143 |pages=64–66 |bibcode=1994Sci...263...64S |doi=10.1126/science.263.5143.64 |s2cid=27696504 |url=http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f20e/89b9c386ff2dea7d990f8ff6a09d550e5e43.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190307030222/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f20e/89b9c386ff2dea7d990f8ff6a09d550e5e43.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 March 2019 }}</ref> * Atmosphere of Mercury: 3.4%, den large amounts of water insyd Mercury ein exosphere<ref name="planetary society">{{cite web |url=http://www.planetary.org/news/2008/0703_MESSENGER_Scientists_Astonished_to.html |title=MESSENGER Scientists 'Astonished' to Find Water in Mercury's Thin Atmosphere |access-date=5 July 2008 |publisher=Planetary Society |date=3 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100406034624/http://www.planetary.org/news/2008/0703_MESSENGER_Scientists_Astonished_to.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 April 2010}}</ref> * Atmosphere of Venus: 0.002%<ref name=Bertaux2007>{{cite journal |last=Bertaux |first=Jean-Loup |title=A warm layer in Venus' cryosphere and high-altitude measurements of HF, HCl, H2O and HDO |journal=Nature |year=2007 |volume=450 |pages=646–649 |doi=10.1038/nature05974 |bibcode=2007Natur.450..646B |pmid=18046397 |issue=7170 |author2=Vandaele, Ann-Carine |last3=Korablev |first3=Oleg |last4=Villard |first4=E. |last5=Fedorova |first5=A. |last6=Fussen |first6=D. |last7=Quémerais |first7=E. |last8=Belyaev |first8=D. |last9=Mahieux |first9=A. |hdl=2268/29200 |s2cid=4421875 |url=https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/29200/1/Bertaux-2007-a%20warm.pdf |access-date=8 October 2022 |archive-date=7 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220907122145/https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/29200/1/Bertaux-2007-a%20warm.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> * Earth ein atmosphere: ≈0.40% over full atmosphere, typically 1–4% at surface * Atmosphere of de Moon: insyd trace amounts<ref name="Sridharan2010">{{cite journal |last1=Sridharan |first1=R. |first2=S.M. |last2=Ahmed |first3=Tirtha Pratim |last3=Dasa |first4=P. |last4=Sreelathaa |first5=P. |last5=Pradeepkumara |first6=Neha |last6=Naika |first7=Gogulapati |last7=Supriya |year=2010 |page=947 |issue=6 |volume=58 |title='Direct' evidence for water (H2O) in the sunlit lunar ambience from CHACE on MIP of Chandrayaan I |journal=Planetary and Space Science |doi=10.1016/j.pss.2010.02.013 |bibcode=2010P&SS...58..947S}}</ref> * Atmosphere of Mars: 0.03%<ref name="Rapp2012">{{cite book |author=Rapp, Donald |title=Use of Extraterrestrial Resources for Human Space Missions to Moon or Mars |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2xzxhnBRHCMC&pg=PA78 |year=2012 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-642-32762-9 |page=78 |access-date=9 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160715154349/https://books.google.com/books?id=2xzxhnBRHCMC&pg=PA78 |archive-date=15 July 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> * Atmosphere of Ceres<ref name="Kuppers2014">{{cite journal |last1=Küppers |first1=M. |last2=O'Rourke |first2=L. |last3=Bockelée-Morvan |first3=D.|author3-link=Dominique Bockelée-Morvan |last4=Zakharov |first4=V. |last5=Lee |first5=S. |last6=Von Allmen |first6=P. |last7=Carry |first7=B. |last8=Teyssier |first8=D. |last9=Marston |first9=A. |last10=Müller |first10=T. |last11=Crovisier |first11=J. |last12=Barucci |first12=M.A. |last13=Moreno |first13=R. |title=Localized sources of water vapour on the dwarf planet (1) Ceres |journal=Nature |volume=505 |issue=7484 |date=23 January 2014 |pages=525–527|doi=10.1038/nature12918 |pmid=24451541 |bibcode=2014Natur.505..525K|s2cid=4448395 }}</ref> * Atmosphere of Jupiter: 0.0004%<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/s11214-005-1951-5 |last1=Atreya |first1=Sushil K. |last2=Wong |first2=Ah-San |year=2005 |title=Coupled Clouds and Chemistry of the Giant Planets&nbsp;– A Case for Multiprobes |journal=Space Science Reviews |volume=116 |issue=1–2 |pages=121–136 |url=http://www-personal.umich.edu/~atreya/Chapters/2005_JovianCloud_Multiprobes.pdf |bibcode=2005SSRv..116..121A |access-date=1 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722074717/http://www-personal.umich.edu/~atreya/Chapters/2005_JovianCloud_Multiprobes.pdf |archive-date=22 July 2011 |url-status=live |hdl=2027.42/43766 |s2cid=31037195 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> – insyd ices per; den dat of ein moon Europa<ref name="NASA-20131212-EU">{{cite web |last1=Cook |first1=Jia-Rui C. |last2=Gutro |first2=Rob |last3=Brown |first3=Dwayne |last4=Harrington |first4=J.D. |last5=Fohn |first5=Joe |title=Hubble Sees Evidence of Water Vapor at Jupiter Moon |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2013-363 |date=12 December 2013 |website=[[NASA]] |access-date=12 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215053143/http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2013-363 |archive-date=15 December 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> * Atmosphere of Saturn – insyd ices per; Enceladus: 91%<ref name="Hansen">{{cite journal |doi=10.1126/science.1121254 |title=Enceladus' Water Vapor Plume |year=2006 |author=Hansen |journal=Science |volume=311 |pages=1422–1425 |pmid=16527971 |issue=5766 |bibcode=2006Sci...311.1422H |author2=C.J.|last3=Stewart |first3=AI |last4=Colwell |first4=J |last5=Hendrix |first5=A |last6=Pryor |first6=W |last7=Shemansky |first7=D |last8=West |first8=R|s2cid=2954801 |url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/89b1/1f34539a1b9b8a9dcb5a1d835e693bea1940.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218132849/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/89b1/1f34539a1b9b8a9dcb5a1d835e693bea1940.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 February 2020 }}</ref> den [[Dione (moon)|Dione]] (subsurface ocean)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sanchez-Maes |first=Sophia |date=January 11, 2017 |title=Solid Evidence for Liquid Water on Dione |url=https://www.yalescientific.org/2017/01/solid-evidence-for-liquid-water-on-dione/ |access-date=2025-09-01 |website=Yale Scientific Magazine}}</ref> * Atmosphere of Uranus – insyd trace amounts below 50 bar * Atmosphere of Neptune – dem find insyd de deeper layers<ref name=hubbard>{{cite journal |last=Hubbard |first=W.B. |title=Neptune's Deep Chemistry |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_science_1997-02-28_275_5304/page/1279 |journal=Science |year=1997 |volume=275 |issue=5304 |pages=1279–1280 |doi=10.1126/science.275.5304.1279 |pmid=9064785|s2cid=36248590 }}</ref> * Extrasolar planet atmospheres: wey dey include those of HD 189733 b<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070716081124/http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1642811,00.html Water Found on Distant Planet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716081124/http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1642811,00.html |date=16 July 2007 }} 12 July 2007 By Laura Blue, ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]''</ref> den HD 209458 b,<ref name="Space.com water">[http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/070410_water_exoplanet.html Water Found in Extrasolar Planet's Atmosphere] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101230065702/http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/070410_water_exoplanet.html |date=30 December 2010 }} – Space.com</ref> Tau Boötis b,<ref>{{Cite journal |arxiv = 1402.0846|last1 = Lockwood|first1 = Alexandra C|title = Near-IR Direct Detection of Water Vapor in Tau Boo B|journal = The Astrophysical Journal|volume = 783|issue = 2|pages = L29|last2 = Johnson|first2 = John A|last3 = Bender|first3 = Chad F|last4 = Carr|first4 = John S|last5 = Barman|first5 = Travis|last6 = Richert|first6 = Alexander J.W.|last7 = Blake|first7 = Geoffrey A|year = 2014|doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/783/2/L29|bibcode = 2014ApJ...783L..29L|s2cid = 8463125}}</ref> HAT-P-11b,<ref name="NASA-20140924">{{cite web |last1=Clavin |first1=Whitney |last2=Chou |first2=Felicia |last3=Weaver |first3=Donna |last4=Villard |first45=Ray |last5=Johnson |first5=Michele |title=NASA Telescopes Find Clear Skies and Water Vapor on Exoplanet |url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2014-322&1 |date=24 September 2014 |website=[[NASA]] |access-date=24 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170114220647/http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.php?release=2014-322&1 |archive-date=14 January 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Hanslmeier2010">{{cite book |author=Arnold Hanslmeier |title=Water in the Universe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mj5tSld5tjMC&pg=PA159 |year=2010 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-90-481-9984-6 |pages=159– |access-date=9 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160715031920/https://books.google.com/books?id=Mj5tSld5tjMC&pg=PA159 |archive-date=15 July 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> XO-1b, WASP-12b, WASP-17b, den WASP-19b.<ref name="NASA-20131203">{{cite web |title=Hubble Traces Subtle Signals of Water on Hazy Worlds |url=http://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/hubble-traces-subtle-signals-of-water-on-hazy-worlds/ |date=3 December 2013 |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=4 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206012837/http://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/hubble-traces-subtle-signals-of-water-on-hazy-worlds/ |archive-date=6 December 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> * Stellar atmospheres: no be limited to cooler stars den even detected insyd giant hot stars such as Betelgeuse, Mu Cephei, Antares den Arcturus.<ref name="Hanslmeier2010" /><ref name="Lund Observatory">Andersson, Jonas (June 2012). [http://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=2969749&fileOId=2969772 Water in stellar atmospheres "Is a novel picture required to explain the atmospheric behavior of water in red giant stars?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150213133956/http://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=2969749&fileOId=2969772 |date=13 February 2015 }} Lund Observatory, Lund University, Sweden</ref> * Circumstellar disks: wey dey include those of more dan half of T Tauri stars such as AA Tauri<ref name="Hanslmeier2010" /> as well as TW Hydrae,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150219053556/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/herschel/news/herschel20111020.html Herschel Finds Oceans of Water in Disk of Nearby Star] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219053556/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/herschel/news/herschel20111020.html |date=19 February 2015 }}. Nasa.gov (20 October 2011). Retrieved on 28 September 2015.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jpl.nasa.gov/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120604082809/http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.cfm?release=2011-327|url-status=dead|title=JPL|archivedate=4 June 2012|website=NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)}}</ref> IRC +10216<ref>Lloyd, Robin. ''"Water Vapor, Possible Comets, Found Orbiting Star"'', 11 July 2001, [http://www.space.com/searchforlife/swas_water_010711.html Space.com]. Retrieved 15 December 2006. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090523025818/http://www.space.com/searchforlife/swas_water_010711.html |date=23 May 2009 }}</ref> den APM 08279+5255,<ref name="Clavin">{{cite web |last1=Clavin |first1=Whitney |last2=Buis |first2=Alan |title=Astronomers Find Largest, Most Distant Reservoir of Water |url=http://www.nasa.gov/topics/universe/features/universe20110722.html |date=22 July 2011 |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=25 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724063244/http://www.nasa.gov/topics/universe/features/universe20110722.html |archive-date=24 July 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="water vapor cloud">{{cite web |author=Staff |title=Astronomers Find Largest, Oldest Mass of Water in Universe |url=http://www.space.com/12400-universe-biggest-oldest-cloud-water.html |date=22 July 2011 |publisher=[[Space.com]] |access-date=23 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111029230319/http://www.space.com/12400-universe-biggest-oldest-cloud-water.html |archive-date=29 October 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref> VY Canis Majoris den S Persei.<ref name="Lund Observatory" /> ====Water ice==== Water be present as ice on: * Mars: under een regolith den at de poles.<ref>{{cite book |last=Carr |first=M.H. |date=1996 |title=Water on Mars |url=https://archive.org/details/wateronmars0000carr |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |page=[https://archive.org/details/wateronmars0000carr/page/197 197]}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bibring |first1=J.-P. |last2=Langevin |first2=Yves |date=2004 |title=Perennial Water Ice Identified in the South Polar Cap of Mars |journal=Nature |volume=428 |issue=6983 |pages=627–630 |doi=10.1038/nature02461|pmid=15024393 |last3=Poulet |first3=François |last4=Gendrin |first4=Aline |last5=Gondet |first5=Brigitte |last6=Berthé |first6=Michel |last7=Soufflot |first7=Alain |last8=Drossart |first8=Pierre |last9=Combes |first9=Michel |last10=Bellucci |first10=Giancarlo |last11=Moroz |first11=Vassili |last12=Mangold |first12=Nicolas |last13=Schmitt |first13=Bernard |last14=Omega Team |first14=the|last15=Erard |first15=S. |last16=Forni |first16=O. |last17=Manaud |first17=N. |last18=Poulleau |first18=G. |last19=Encrenaz |first19=T.|author19-link=Thérèse Encrenaz |last20=Fouchet |first20=T. |last21=Melchiorri |first21=R. |last22=Altieri |first22=F. |last23=Formisano |first23=V. |last24=Bonello |first24=G. |last25=Fonti |first25=S. |last26=Capaccioni |first26=F. |last27=Cerroni |first27=P. |last28=Coradini |first28=A. |last29=Kottsov |first29=V. |last30=Ignatiev |first30=N. |bibcode=2004Natur.428..627B |s2cid=4373206 |url=https://hal.science/hal-03785230v1/file/bibring2004.pdf }}</ref> * Earth–Moon system: mainly as ice sheets on Earth den insyd Lunar craters den volcanic rocks<ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/weltall/0,1518,564911,00.html Versteckt in Glasperlen: Auf dem Mond gibt es Wasser – Wissenschaft –] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080710220126/http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/weltall/0,1518,564911,00.html |date=10 July 2008 }} [[Der Spiegel]] – Nachrichten</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090927092541/https://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2009/24sep_moonwater.htm Water Molecules Found on the Moon] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090927092541/https://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2009/24sep_moonwater.htm |date=27 September 2009 }}, NASA, 24 September 2009</ref> * Ceres<ref name="McCord2005-jgrp">{{cite journal |title=Ceres: Evolution and current state |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets |date=21 May 2005 |last1=McCord |first1=T.B. |last2=Sotin |first2=C. |volume=110 |issue=E5 |page=E05009 |doi=10.1029/2004JE002244 |bibcode=2005JGRE..110.5009M |doi-access=free |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00116029/file/2004JE002244.pdf |access-date=5 March 2024 |archive-date=18 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718171117/https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00116029/file/2004JE002244.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Thomas2005">{{cite journal |first1=P.C. |last1=Thomas |last2=Parker|first2=J.Wm.|last3=McFadden|first3= L.A. |title=Differentiation of the asteroid Ceres as revealed by its shape |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_nature-uk_2005-09-08_437_7056/page/224 |year=2005 |journal=Nature |volume=437 |pages=224–226 |doi=10.1038/nature03938 |bibcode=2005Natur.437..224T |pmid=16148926 |issue=7056 |s2cid=17758979}}</ref><ref name="Carey2006">{{cite news|url=http://space.com/scienceastronomy/050907_ceres_planet.html |title=Largest Asteroid Might Contain More Fresh Water than Earth |first=Bjorn |last=Carey |publisher=SPACE.com |date=7 September 2005 |access-date=16 August 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101218180330/http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/050907_ceres_planet.html |archive-date=18 December 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref> * Jupiter's moons: Europa ein surface den sanso dat of Ganymede<ref name="NYT-20150315">{{cite news |last=Chang |first=Kenneth |title=Suddenly, It Seems, Water Is Everywhere in Solar System |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/13/science/space/suddenly-it-seems-water-is-everywhere-in-solar-system.html |date=12 March 2015 |work=[[New York Times]] |access-date=12 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812232556/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/13/science/space/suddenly-it-seems-water-is-everywhere-in-solar-system.html |archive-date=12 August 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> den Callisto<ref name=Kuskov2005>{{cite journal| last=Kuskov|first=O.L.|author2=Kronrod, V.A.|title=Internal structure of Europa and Callisto| year=2005|volume=177| issue=2|pages=550–369|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2005.04.014| bibcode=2005Icar..177..550K| journal = Icarus}}</ref><ref name="Showman1999">{{cite journal|last1= Showman|first1=A. P.|last2= Malhotra|first2= R.|title=The Galilean Satellites|journal= Science|volume= 286|issue= 5437|date= 1 October 1999|pages =77–84|doi= 10.1126/science.286.5437.77|pmid=10506564|bibcode=1999Sci...286...77S |s2cid=9492520|url= http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3e6e/f125bbbafd779a0af6813ba0f5a18edea652.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200412142819/http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3e6e/f125bbbafd779a0af6813ba0f5a18edea652.pdf|url-status= dead|archive-date= 12 April 2020}}</ref> * Saturn: insyd de planet ein ring system<ref name="Sparrow">{{cite book |last=Sparrow |first=Giles |title=The Solar System |publisher=Thunder Bay Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-59223-579-7}}</ref> den on de surface den mantle of Titan<ref name="Tobie">{{cite journal |last1=Tobie |first1=G. |last2=Grasset |first2=Olivier |last3=Lunine |first3=Jonathan I. |last4=Mocquet |first4=Antoine |last5=Sotin |first5=Christophe |date=2005 |bibcode=2005Icar..175..496T |title=Titan's internal structure inferred from a coupled thermal-orbital model |journal=Icarus |volume=175 |issue=2 |pages=496–502 |doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2004.12.007 }}</ref> den Enceladus<ref name="Verbiscer et al. 2007">{{cite journal| doi = 10.1126/science.1134681| last1 = Verbiscer| first1 = A.| last2 = French| first2 = R.| last3 = Showalter| first3 = M.| last4 = Helfenstein| first4 = P.| title = Enceladus: Cosmic Graffiti Artist Caught in the Act| url = https://archive.org/details/sim_science_2007-02-09_315_5813/page/815| journal = Science| volume = 315| issue = 5813| page = 815| date = 9 February 2007| pmid = 17289992| bibcode = 2007Sci...315..815V| s2cid = 21932253| ref = {{sfnRef|Verbiscer French et al.|2007}}| df = dmy-all}} (supporting online material, table S1)</ref> * Pluto–Charon system<ref name="Sparrow" /> * Comets<ref>{{cite journal |bibcode=1998A&A...330..375G |title=Making a comet nucleus |last1=Greenberg |first1=J. Mayo |volume=330 |date=1998 |page=375 |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://starryskies.com/solar_system/Comet/dirty_snowballs.html |title=Dirty Snowballs in Space |publisher=Starryskies |access-date=15 August 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129035627/http://starryskies.com/solar_system/Comet/dirty_snowballs.html |archive-date=29 January 2013}}</ref> den oda related Kuiper belt den Oort cloud objects<ref>{{cite journal |author=E.L. Gibb |author2=M.J. Mumma |author3=N. Dello Russo |author4=M.A. DiSanti |author5=K. Magee-Sauer |date=2003 |title=Methane in Oort Cloud comets |journal=[[Icarus (journal)|Icarus]] |volume=165 |issue=2 |pages=391–406 |bibcode=2003Icar..165..391G |doi=10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00201-X }}</ref> Den sanso likely be present on: * Mercury ein poles<ref>NASA, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20121130062257/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/messenger/media/PressConf20121129.html MESSENGER Finds New Evidence for Water Ice at Mercury's Poles] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121130062257/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/messenger/media/PressConf20121129.html |date=30 November 2012 }}", ''NASA'', 29 November 2012.</ref> * Tethys<ref>{{cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2007.03.012| last1 = Thomas| first1 = P.C.| last2 = Burns| first2 = J.A.| last3 = Helfenstein| first3 = P.| last4 = Squyres| first4 = S.| last5 = Veverka| first5 = J.| last6 = Porco| first6 = C.| last7 = Turtle| first7 = E.P.| last8 = McEwen| first8 = A.| last9 = Denk| first9 = T.| first10 = B.| last10 = Giesef| first11 = T.| last11 = Roatschf| first12 = T.V.| last12 = Johnsong| first13 = R.A.| last13 = Jacobsong| date = October 2007| title = Shapes of the saturnian icy satellites and their significance| journal = Icarus| volume = 190| issue = 2| pages = 573–584| bibcode = 2007Icar..190..573T| url = http://www.geoinf.fu-berlin.de/publications/denk/2007/ThomasEtAl_SaturnMoonsShapes_Icarus_2007.pdf| access-date = 15 December 2011| ref = {{sfnRef|Thomas Burns et al.|2007}}| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927220431/http://www.geoinf.fu-berlin.de/publications/denk/2007/ThomasEtAl_SaturnMoonsShapes_Icarus_2007.pdf| archive-date = 27 September 2011| url-status=live| df = dmy-all}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Sister project links|water}} * [http://www.worldwater.org/ The World's Water Data Page] * [http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/main/index.stm FAO Comprehensive Water Database, AQUASTAT] * [http://worldwater.org/conflict.html The Water Conflict Chronology: Water Conflict Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116181835/http://www.worldwater.org/conflict.html |date=16 January 2013 }} * [https://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/ Water science school] (USGS) * [http://water.worldbank.org/ Portal to The World Bank's strategy, work and associated publications on water resources] * [http://www.awra.org/ America Water Resources Association] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324205603/http://awra.org/ |date=24 March 2018 }} * [https://www.waterontheweb.org Water on the web] * [http://www1.lsbu.ac.uk/water/ Water structure and science] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228024506/http://www1.lsbu.ac.uk/water/ |date=28 December 2014 }} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mPpKhxtFf1Q "Why water is one of the weirdest things in the universe"], ''Ideas'', BBC, Video, 3:16 minutes, 2019 * [https://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/water/ The chemistry of water] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619074258/https://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/water/ |date=19 June 2020 }} (NSF special report) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20220927120500/http://www.iapws.org/index.html The International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927120500/http://www.iapws.org/index.html |date=27 September 2022 }} * [https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/molecule-that-made-us/ ''H2O: The Molecule That Made Us''], a 2020 PBS documentary {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Water}} [[Category:Water| ]] [[Category:Articles wey dey contain video clips]] [[Category:Triatomic molecules]] [[Category:Inorganic solvents]] [[Category:Liquids]] [[Category:Materials wey dey expand upon freezing]] [[Category:Neutron moderators]] [[Category:Nuclear reactor coolants]] [[Category:Oxides]] [[Category:Oxygen compounds]] [[Category:Hydroxides]] [[Category:Liquid dielectrics]] [[Category:Solvents]] [[Category:Refrigerants]] [[Category:Lubricants]] [[Category:Transparent materials]] [[Category:Natural resources]] [[Category:Hydrology]] qeajdxa3yahbke9atylfyvdod639t1s 0 27525 112536 104802 2026-09-25T02:20:05Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112536 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Otin River''' be one river wey dey Inisa, Osun State, Nigeria. Eko-Ende Dam block am.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026 |title=Otin River |url=https://heyplaces.com.ng/0644521/Otin_River |access-date=2026-06-23 |website=heyplaces.com.ng}}</ref> == Ein Legend == According to Yoruba mythology, de orisha Otin be personified insyd de Otin River. As a historical figure, before she cam be deified, she be believed to once protect de town of Inisa from invasion by ein enemies, wey de townspeople now worship am as a result. Otin originally be from de town of Otan, buh she cam to Inisa to help fight against invasions by ein neighbors. == Region == De Otin River dey cross de {{convert|950|km2}} Odo Otin Local Government Area insyd de northeast of Osun state, den dey give am ein name.{{sfn|Brief Historical Background, Odo-Otin}} De river dey flow thru rugged country, plus elevations wey dey range from {{convert|35|to|400|m}} above sea level.<ref>{{Cite web |title=River Otin stream, Nigeria |url=https://ng.geoview.info/river_otin,2325478 |access-date=2023-07-11 |website=ng.geoview.info}}</ref> Rainfall insyd de area be about {{convert|1400|mm}}, wey de rainy season dey last from April to November.<ref>{{Cite web |title=River Otin / River Otin, Nigeria (general), Nigeria, Africa |url=https://travelingluck.com/Africa/Nigeria/Nigeria+(general)/_2325478_River+Otin.html |access-date=2023-07-11 |website=travelingluck.com}}</ref> Land cover partly be tropical rainforest, buh der sanso be widespread rotational bush farming den cash crops like cocoa, kola den plantain be grown around de settlements.{{sfn|Adediji|Ajibade|2008|p=111}} ==Course== De Otin River be {{convert|36|km}} long, plus a peak discharge of {{convert|76.01|m3}} per second. De drainage basin dey cover {{convert|475|km2}}.{{sfn|Salami|Bilewu|Ayanshola|Oritola|2009|p=26}} E be a tributary of de Erinle River. De Eko-Ende Dam insyd de Irepodun LGA on de Otin River be impounded insyd 1973 to form a reservoir plus a capacity of 5.5&nbsp;MCM. Na de headworks be designed to supply potable water to de communities of Inisa, Oba, Eko-Ende, Eko-Ajala, Ikirun, Iragbiji den Okuku. Wen dem build de dam e flood farmlands of de Oba people. As a quid-pro-quo, na dem supply piped water to Oba.{{sfn|Farazmand|1999|p=517}} Downstream, de Erinle Dam insyd de Olorunda LGA be an extension of de old Ede Dam on de Erinle River. De reservoir behind de Ede-Ernle dam dey extend about {{convert|12|km}} north along de Ernle River den dey cover de lowest portion of de Otin River.{{sfn|Adediji|Ajibade|2008|p=111}} == References == <references /> == External links == *{{cite web|ref={{harvid|Brief Historical Background, Odo-Otin}}|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808170258/http://www.odo-otin.os.gov.ng/index.php/about-odo-otin-local-government/brief-history|title=Brief Historical Background|publisher=Odo-Otin Local Government|access-date=2014-08-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808170258/https://web.archive.org/web/20140808170258/http://www.odo-otin.os.gov.ng/index.php/about-odo-otin-local-government/brief-history|archive-date=2014-08-08|url-status=dead}} *{{cite book|last=Farazmand|first=Ali|title=Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ozN1uextK7IC&pg=PA517|access-date=2014-08-17 |date=1999-09-01|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-0-203-90475-6}} *{{cite book|last=Olajubu|first=Oyeronke|title=Women in the Yoruba Religious Sphere |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FqSAmz6PyC0C&pg=PA81|access-date=2014-08-16 |date=2012-02-01|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn=978-0-7914-8611-5}} [[Category:Rivers of Nigeria]] [[Category:Osun State]] [[Category:Rivers of Yorubaland]] hveers4xjj8qheppu1q0y2gu0t3ojcw 0 27792 112507 106245 2026-09-25T01:34:06Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112507 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Lake Natron''' be a highly alkaline salt lake wey dey locate insyd north Ngorongoro District of Arusha Region insyd [[Tanzania]] plus ein far northern end wey dey cross into Kajiado County den Narok County insyd [[Kenya]]. E dey insyd de Gregory Rift, wich be de eastern branch of de East African Rift.<ref name="WWF">{{cite web|url=http://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at0901|title=Eastern Africa: Northern Tanzania, on the border with Kenya|work=World Wildlife Fund}}</ref> De lake be within de Lake Natron Basin, a Ramsar Site wetland of international significance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lake Natron Basin {{!}} Ramsar Sites Information Service |url=https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1080 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240226201653/https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/1080 |archive-date=2024-02-26 |access-date=2026-07-03 |website=rsis.ramsar.org |language=en}}</ref> == Description == Dis lake be fed principally by de [[Southern Ewaso Ng'iro]] River, wich dey rise insyd central [[Kenya]], den by mineral-rich hot springs.<ref name="WWF"/> E be quite shallow, less dan {{convert|3|m|ft|spell=in}} deep, den dey vary insyd width wey dey depend on ein water level. De lake be a maximum of {{convert|57|km}} long den {{convert|22|km}} wide.<ref name="WWF"/> De surrounding area dey receive irregular seasonal rainfall, mainly between December den May wey dey total {{convert|800|mm|in}} per year.<ref name="WWF"/> Temperatures at de lake frequently be above {{convert|40|°C|°F}}.<ref name="WWF"/> High levels of evaporation lef behind natron (sodium carbonate decahydrate) den trona (sodium sesquicarbonate dihydrate). De alkalinity of de lake fi reach a pH of greater dan 12. According to Live Science, de lake ein high alkalinity be caused by sodium carbonate den oda minerals wey dey flow into de water from de surrounding environment. De surrounding bedrock be composed of alkaline, sodium-dominated trachyte lavas wey be laid down during de Pleistocene period. De lavas get significant amounts of carbonate buh low calcium den magnesium levels, wich allow de lake to concentrate into a caustic alkaline brine. Dese extreme chemical conditions create a harsh environment wer specialized organisms per fi survive.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lallanilla |first=Marc |date=2013-10-02 |title=Lake That Turns Animals to Stone? Not Quite |url=https://www.livescience.com/40135-photographer-rick-brandt-lake-natron.html |access-date=2026-05-07 |website=Live Science |language=en}}</ref> De chemical properties of de water be known to calcify de bodies of any living thing wey die insyd de lake.<ref>{{cite magazine| title=This Alkaline African Lake Turns Animals into Stone |author=Joseph Stromberg |date=2 October 2013 |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/this-alkaline-african-lake-turns-animals-into-stone-445359/ |magazine=Smithsonian Magazine |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref> == Flora == De colour of de lake be characteristic of those wer very high evaporation rates dey occur. As water dey evaporate during de dry season, salinity levels dey increase to de point dat salt-loving microorganisms dey begin to thrive. Such halophile organisms dey include some cyanobacteria wey make dema own chow plus photosynthesis as plants do. De red accessory photosynthesizing pigment insyd de cyanobacteria dey produce de deep reds of de open water of de lake den de orange colours of de shallow parts of de lake. De alkali salt crust on de surface of de lake sanso often be coloured red anaa pink by de halophilic microorganisms wey dey live der. Salt marshes den freshwater wetlands around de edges of de lake do support a variety of plants. == Fauna == Chaw animals find de lake ein high temperature (up to {{convert|60|C|F|disp=sqbr}}) den ein high den variable salt content inhospitable.<ref>{{cite web |last=Swancer |first=Brent |title=The Bizarre Medusa Lake of Africa |url=https://mysteriousuniverse.org/2015/04/the-bizarre-medusa-lake-of-africa/ |date=20 April 2015 |access-date=1 June 2019}}</ref> Nonetheless, Lake Natron be home to sam endemic algae, invertebrates, den birds. Insyd de slightly less salty water around ein margins, sam fish sanso fi survive. De lake be de only regular breeding area insyd East Africa for de 2.5&nbsp;million lesser flamingoes, wey dema status of "near threatened" results from dema dependence on dis one location. Wen salinity increase, so do cyanobacteria, wey de lake sanso fi support more nests. Dese flamingoes, de single large flock insyd East Africa, gather along nearby saline lakes to feed on ''Spirulina'' (a blue-green algae plus red pigments). Lake Natron be a safe breeding location secof ein caustic environment be a barrier against predators wey dey try reach dema nests on seasonally forming evaporite islands. Greater flamingoes sanso dey breed for de mud flats top. De lake inspire de nature documentary ''The Crimson Wing: Mystery of the Flamingos'' by Disneynature, for ein close relationship plus de Lesser flamingoes as dema only regular breeding area. Two endemic fish species, de alkaline tilapias ''Alcolapia latilabris'' den ''A. ndalalani'', sanso dey thrive insyd de waters at de edges of de hot spring inlets. ''A. alcalica'' sanso be present insyd de lake, buh no be endemic. == Threats den preservation == De area around de salt lake no be inhabited buh der be sam herding den sam seasonal cultivation. Threats to de salinity balance from increased siltation influxes go cam from more projected logging insyd Natron watersheds den a planned hydroelectric power plant on de [[Ewaso Ng'iro]] across de border insyd [[Kenya]]. Although development plans dey include constructions of a dike at de north end of de lake to contain de freshwater, de threat of dilution to dis breeding ground still fi be serious. Der be no formal protection. A new threat to Lake Natron be de proposed development of a soda ash plant on ein shores. De plant go pump water from de lake den extract de sodium carbonate to convert to washing powder for export. Accompanying de plant go be housing for over 1000 workers, den a coal-fired power station to provide energy for de plant complex. In addition, der be a possibility de developers fi introduce a hybrid brine shrimp to increase de efficiency of extraction. According to Chris Magin, de RSPB ein international officer for Africa, ''"The chance of the lesser flamingoes continuing to breed in the face of such mayhem are next to zero. This development will leave lesser flamingoes in East Africa facing extinction"''. Dem born seventy-five percent of de world ein lesser flamingoes on Lake Natron.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Billock|first1=Jennifer|title=The Deadly Lake Where 75 Percent of the World's Lesser Flamingoes Are Born|url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/flamingos-find-life-among-death-180959265/|access-date=17 June 2016|work=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]]|date=14 June 2016}}</ref> Currently a group of more dan fifty East African conservation den environmental institutions dey run a worldwide campaign to stop de planned construction of de soda ash factory by Tata Chemicals Ltd of Mumbai, India, den National Development Corporation of Tanzania. De group working under de umbrella name Lake Natron Consultative Group be co-ordinated by Ken Mwathe, Conservation Programme Manager at BirdLife International ein Africa Secretariat. As per communication insyd June 2008, Tata Chemicals no go proceed plus de Natron Project den further re-examination of dis project go be subject to de Ramsar Wetlands plan, wich be currently under preparation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tatachemicals.com/downloads/Position%20Statement%20on%20the%20Lake%20Natron%20Project-13-06-08.pdf |title=Position Statement on the Lake Natron Project |date=13 June 2008 |access-date=7 October 2013 |publisher=Tata Chemicals |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005011839/http://www.tatachemicals.com/downloads/Position%20Statement%20on%20the%20Lake%20Natron%20Project-13-06-08.pdf |archive-date=5 October 2013 }}</ref> Secof ein unique biodiversity, Tanzania name de Lake Natron Basin to de Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance on 4 July 2001. De lake sanso be de World Wildlife Fund East African halophytics ecoregion. == Visiting de area == Der be a number of campgrounds near de lake, wich sanso be de base for climbing Ol Doinyo Lengai. Lake Natron get tourist attraction potentials wey be important for ecotourism development. However, lack of a general management plan, inadequate funding at de operational level, lack of mechanisms to secure a fair distribution of ecotourism benefits, den poorly developed tourism infrastructural facilities to support diverse segments of tourists be identified as de main challenges dem associate plus de management of ecotourism insyd de area. De lake sanso fi be accessed from Shompole Conservancy [[Kenya]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Shoo|first=Rehema Abeli|chapter=Ecotourism Potential and Challenges at Lake Natron Ramsar Site, Tanzania|date=2020|title=Protected Areas in Northern Tanzania|series=Geotechnologies and the Environment|volume=22|pages=75–90|publisher=Springer International Publishing|doi=10.1007/978-3-030-43302-4_6|isbn=978-3-030-43301-7}}</ref> == Gallery == <gallery> File:LakeNatron satellite labelled.jpg|De southern half of Lake Natron (top). Fault scarps den de Gelai Volcano sanso fi be seen. Numerous near-white salt-crust "rafts" pepper de shallowest parts of de lake (inset). File:NatronSouthSide.jpg|De lake plus flamingos File:Lengai from Natron.jpg|Ol Doinyo Lengai seen from Lake Natron File:Lake Natron satellite.JPG|Lake Natron as seen on NASA ein World Wind program </gallery> == References == <references /> == External links == {{commons}} *[http://www.birdlife.org/action/campaigns/lake_natron_flamingos/index.html Think Pink – Save Africa's Flamingos] *[http://www.nbcnews.com/science/bird-mummies-natron-lakes-toxic-waters-petrify-animals-fall-8C11322626 NBC article about Nick Brandt's photos of petrified animals at Natron lake] *{{cite web |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061001020850/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17239 |title=Lake Natron, Tanzania |work=[[NASA Earth Observatory|Earth Observatory Newsroom]] |access-date=17 April 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061001020850/https://web.archive.org/web/20061001020850/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17239 |archive-date=1 October 2006 }} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Natron, Lake}} [[Category:Lakes of Tanzania]] [[Category:Ramsar sites insyd Tanzania]] [[Category:Saline lakes of de Great Rift Valley]] [[Category:Geography of Arusha Region]] [[Category:Southern Eastern Rift]] [[Category:Important Bird Areas of Tanzania]] ppqk1u8j0uudxx894gbsyiwy91pt5zd 0 27885 112460 110645 2026-09-25T00:13:19Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112460 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Birim River''' be one of de main tributaries of de [[Pra River (Ghana)|Pra River]] insyd [[Ghana]] den de country ein most important diamond-producing area, wey dey flow thru most of de width of de [[Eastern Region (Ghana)|Eastern region]]. De river dey rise insyd de east of de Atewa Range, dey flow north thru de gap between dis range den de Kwahu Plateau, then dey run roughly south-west til e join de Pra. E dey give ein name to de Birimian rock formation, wich dey yield most of de gold insyd de region. Ghana be de second largest producer of gold insyd [[Africa]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miningreview.com/archive/mra_2_2004/54_1.php |title=AFRICA GEOLOGICALLY UNDER EXPOSED |publisher=Mining Review Africa |year=2004 |accessdate=2009-03-17 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202133720/http://www.miningreview.com/archive/mra_2_2004/54_1.php |archivedate=December 2, 2008 }}</ref> == Geology == De Birim River basin dey lie insyd de Man Shield area of de West African craton, wich be overlaid by Early Proterozoic metasedimentary Birimian rocks. Dese rocks appear to originate insyd mid-oceanic arcs of volcanoes, wich form a crust wey collide plus den ride over de Man shield portion of de West African Craton wey be compressed to form a series of folds generally dey trend northeasterly.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bsgf.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/177/2/105|title=Geodynamic setting of the Birimian volcanism in central Ivory Coast (western Africa) and its place in the Palaeoproterozoic evolution of the Man Shield|author=André Pouclet |author2=Siaka Doumbia |author3=Max Vidal|publisher=Societe Geologique de France|date=March 2006|accessdate=2009-03-17}}</ref> De Birimian rocks dey include Akwatian formations, dem name after de town of [[Akwatia]] insyd de Birim valley, wich yield more dan {{convert|100000000|carat|kg}} of diamonds.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2003AM/finalprogram/abstract_63618.htm|title=THE AKWATIA DIAMOND FIELD, GHANA, WEST AFRICA: SOURCE ROCKS|publisher=[[Geological Society of America]]|date=September 2003|accessdate=2009-03-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070629192654/http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2003AM/finalprogram/abstract_63618.htm|archive-date=2007-06-29|url-status=dead}}</ref> De great majority of de diamonds be found insyd Harzburgitic rocks wey seem to crystallized at unusually high temperatures den pressures deep insyd de lithosphere.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Syngenetic inclusions in diamond from the Birim field (Ghana) – a deep peridotitic profile with a history of depletion and re-enrichment|url=https://archive.org/details/contributions-to-mineralogy-and-petrology_1997-05_127_4/page/336|publisher=Springer Berlin / Heidelberg|journal=Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology|date=1997-05-28|author1=T. Stachel |author2=Jeffrey W. Harris |name-list-style=amp |doi=10.1007/s004100050284|volume=127|issue=4|pages=336–352}}</ref> == References == <references /> ==External links== *{{cite journal |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823125607/http://www.ansti.org/volume/Dampare-paper.pdf |title=GEOCHEMISTRY OF LOWER PROTEROZOIC GREYWACKES FROM THE BIRM DIAMANTIFEROUS FIELD, GHANA |journal=African Journal of Science and Technology |author1=Dampare, S.B. |author2=Asiedu, D.K. |author3=Osae, S. |author4=Manu, J. |author5=Banoeng-Yakubo, B. |accessdate=2009-03-17 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823125607/https://web.archive.org/web/20070823125607/http://www.ansti.org/volume/Dampare-paper.pdf |archivedate=2007-08-23 }} *{{cite journal|title=Syngenetic inclusions in diamond from the Birim field (Ghana) - a deep peridotitic profile with a history of depletion and re-enrichment|url=https://archive.org/details/contributions-to-mineralogy-and-petrology_1997-05_127_4/page/336|publisher=Springerlink|author1=Thomas Stachel |author2=Jerey W. Harris |name-list-style=amp |year=1997 |doi=10.1007/s004100050284 |volume=127 |issue=4|journal=Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology |pages=336–352}} *{{cite journal|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002074355/http://www.saimm.co.za/publications/downloads/v098n07p311.pdf|title=A decade of change - mineral exploration in West Africa|author=D. Pohl|year=1998|journal=The Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy|accessdate=2009-03-17|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002074355/https://web.archive.org/web/20111002074355/http://www.saimm.co.za/publications/downloads/v098n07p311.pdf|archivedate=2011-10-02}} [[Category:Rivers insyd Ghana]] 5ba25qjjgmlgh28r538mzkrzh1berus 0 27958 112550 106595 2026-09-25T02:41:33Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112550 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''Ruvubu River''' (dem sanso spell '''Rurubu''' den '''Ruvuvu''') be a river insyd central Africa wey ein waters gather from de most distant, southern portion of de [[Nile]] basin. E get a total length of 416 kilometres (258 miles) den a drainage basin of 14,000 km2 (5,400 sq mi). E dey rise insyd de north of [[Burundi]], near de town of Kayanza den then a southward arc dey do thru Burundi, be joined by de Ruvyironza River near Gitega. From der e dey run northeast, thru de Ruvubu National Park, up to de [[Tanzania|Tanzanian]] border. After a stretch along de border, de Ruvubu dey cross properly into Tanzania, before joining de [[Kagera River]] on de Tanzania–[[Rwanda]] border approximately 2 km (1.2 mi) upstream from Rusumo Falls.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|author=((The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica))|title=Ruvubu River|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica|date=5 April 2025|access-date=3 July 2025|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Ruvubu-River}}</ref><ref>{{cite thesis |last=Nzeyimana |first=Lazare |title=Rusumo Dam-Social Challenge in Kagera River Basin: Participation of Affected People |date=August 2003 |access-date=3 July 2025 |degree=MSc |url=https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A22853&dswid=932 |institution=Linköping University |id=diva2 22853 |via=Digitala Vetenskapliga Arkivet |location=Linköping, Sweden}}</ref> De Ruvubu get ein name from de Kirundi word for hippopatamus, imvubu, secof de river be home to a large population of hippos.<ref>{{Cite book |last=INECN |title=La Preservation de Notre Patrimoine Naturel |publisher=Les Presses Lavigerie, Bujumbura |year=1990}}</ref> == Course == De Ruvubu River dey originate on de Congo-Nile ridge at Ngoga, at an altitude of 2,300 metres (7,500 ft). E dey flow from northwest to southeast to Mugera, and from der, e dey take a northeast direction. E dey flow for 285 kilometres (177 mi) thru Burundi, den dey drain most of Burundi ein part of de Nile watershed. Ein watershed dey cover 10,200 square kilometres (3,900 sq mi) den dey cover de center of Burundi.[6] Tributaries on both banks dey include de Kinyankuru River, Ndurumu River, Nyakigezi River, Nkoma River, Mubarazi River, Ruvyironza River, Nyabaha River den Kayongozi River. Chaw of dese rivers get dema source on de Congo Nile ridge. De Ruvubu dey pass thru de Buyenzi, Kirimiro den Bweru natural regions. De Ruvubu marshes largely be flooded den occupied by permanent swamps. == References == <references /> == Sources == * {{citation |last1=Igirukwishaka |first1=J.B. |title=Contribution à la caractérisation des plantes envahissantes des marais de la rivière Ruvubu |date=6 September 2023 |journal=Bulletin Scientifique sur l'Environnement et la Biodiversité |url=https://bi.chm-cbd.net/sites/bi/files/2023-09/plantes-envahissantes%20-Ruvubu-Jean%20Bosco-et-al-2023.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240715025434/https://bi.chm-cbd.net/sites/bi/files/2023-09/plantes-envahissantes%20-Ruvubu-Jean%20Bosco-et-al-2023.pdf |archive-date=2024-07-15 |url-status=live |language=fr |last2=Bararunyeretse |first2=P. |last3=Habonayo |first3=R. |last4=Bangirinama |first4=F. |accessdate=2024-08-30}} * {{citation |title=Projet de developpement local pour l'emploi |date=November 2019 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241127012638/https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/pt/164831576045405829/pdf/Evaluation-de-lImpact-Environnemental-et-Social-pour-la-Construction-du-Centre-de-Sante-de-Nyakeru-dans-la-Province-de-Gitega-du-Centre-de-Sante-de-Nyamabuye-dans-la-Province-de-Kirundo-et-du-Centre-de-Sante-de-Cagizo-dans-la-Province-de-Muyinga.pdf |location=Bujumbura |publisher=Agence Burundaise pour la realisation des travaux d’interet public |language=fr |ref={{harvid|Projet de developpement local pour l’emploi}} |accessdate=2024-08-30}} == External links == {{Commons}} [[Category:Rivers of Burundi]] [[Category:Rivers of Tanzania]] [[Category:Kagera River]] [[Category:International rivers of Africa]] [[Category:Burundi–Tanzania border]] [[Category:Border rivers]] q4sml8mlrnipsjevaa0pygtitaan49x 0 28639 112360 107281 2026-09-24T17:46:58Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112360 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Methoxyflurane''', dem sell under de brand name '''Penthrox''' (de "green whistle") among odas, be an inhaled medication dem primarily use to reduce pain following an injury.<ref name=BNF76/><ref name=Jep2018>{{cite journal | vauthors = Jephcott C, Grummet J, Nguyen N, Spruyt O | title = A review of the safety and efficacy of inhaled methoxyflurane as an analgesic for outpatient procedures | journal = British Journal of Anaesthesia | volume = 120 | issue = 5 | pages = 1040–1048 | date = May 2018 | pmid = 29661381 | doi = 10.1016/j.bja.2018.01.011 | doi-access = free }}</ref> E sanso fi be used to reduce pain associated plus minor medical procedures.<ref name=NPS2010/> Onset of pain relief be rapid den a standard dose typically dey last for up to 30 minutes.<ref name=NPS2010>{{cite web|author=National Prescribing Service|title=Methoxyflurane (Penthrox) for analgesia (doctor's bag listing)|work=NPS RADAR|publisher=National Prescribing Service, [[Department of Health and Ageing]]|location=Canberra, Australia|year=2010|url=http://www.nps.org.au/health_professionals/publications/nps_radar/2010/may_2010/methoxyflurane|access-date=12 June 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727181737/http://www.nps.org.au/health_professionals/publications/nps_radar/2010/may_2010/methoxyflurane|archive-date=27 July 2011|author-link=National Prescribing Service}}</ref> Use only be recommended plus direct medical supervision.<ref name=BNF76>{{cite book|title=British national formulary : BNF 76|date=2018|publisher=Pharmaceutical Press|isbn=9780857113382|pages=X|edition=76}}</ref> Common side effects dey include anxiety, headache, sleepiness, cough, den nausea.<ref name=BNF76/> Serious side effects fi include kidney problems, liver problems, low blood pressure, den severe anaesthetic reactions such as malignant hyperthermia.<ref name=BNF76/><ref name=NPS2010/> E fi be used during [[pregnancy]] anaa [[breastfeeding]], however der fi be additional harmful side effects.<ref name="AMH">{{Cite web |date=July 2025 |title=Methoxyflurane |url=https://amhonline.amh.net.au/chapters/anaesthetics/general-anaesthetics/inhaled-anaesthetics/methoxyflurane|access-date=31 July 2025 |website=[[Australian Medicines Handbook]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=July 2025 |title=Penthrox Inhalation (methoxyflurane) |url=https://app.emimselite.com/medicineview?id=19c1717d-c14c-474d-8e7b-a53300fd8dee&type=abbpi |access-date=31 July 2025 |website=[[Monthly Index of Medical Specialities|MIMS]]}}</ref> E be only recommended insyd those wey get a normal level of consciousness den stable blood pressure den heart rate.<ref name="NPS2010" /> E be classified as a volatile anaesthetic.<ref name=NPS2010/> Na dem first make am insyd 1948 by William T. Miller wey e cam into medical use insyd de 1960s.<ref name=Hard2017>{{cite book | vauthors = Hardman JG, Hopkins PM, Struys MM |title=Oxford Textbook of Anaesthesia |date=2017 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199642045 |page=553 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dbQ1DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA533 }}</ref> Na dem use am as a general anesthetic from ein introduction insyd 1960 til de late 1970s.<ref name=Maz2006>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mazze RI | title = Methoxyflurane revisited: tale of an anesthetic from cradle to grave | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_anesthesiology_2006-10_105_4/page/843 | journal = Anesthesiology | volume = 105 | issue = 4 | pages = 843–846 | date = October 2006 | pmid = 17006084 | doi = 10.1097/00000542-200610000-00031 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Insyd 1999, de manufacturer discontinue methoxyflurane insyd de United States, den insyd 2005 de Food and Drug Administration withdraw am from de market, secof reports of nephrotoxicity den hepatotoxicity.<ref name=Maz2006/><ref name="m736">{{cite web |title=Determination That Penthrane (Methoxyflurane) Inhalation Liquid, 99.9 Percent, Was Withdrawn From Sale for Reasons of Safety or Effectiveness |website=Federal Register |date=2005-09-06 |url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2005/09/06/05-17559/determination-that-penthrane-methoxyflurane-inhalation-liquid-999-percent-was-withdrawn-from-sale |access-date=2025-03-06}}</ref> As of April 2025, e be used insyd New Zealand, Australia, Ireland, den de United Kingdom for acute pain.<ref name=BNF76/><ref>{{Cite web |title=NZ Medsafe Datasheet |url=https://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/datasheet/p/penthroxinh.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191231035940/https://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/datasheet/p/penthroxinh.pdf |archive-date=31 December 2019 |access-date=12 March 2022 |website=Medsafe.govt.nz}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Australian Government Therapeutic Goods Administration |title=Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods {{!}} Penthrox |url=https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/artg/311927 |access-date=April 19, 2025 |website=Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0389.html NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards] {{Authority control}} [[Category:Organofluorides]] [[Category:Organochlorides]] [[Category:Analgesics]] [[Category:Ethers]] [[Category:General anesthetics]] [[Category:GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators]] [[Category:Glycine receptor agonists]] [[Category:NMDA receptor antagonists]] [[Category:Fluranes]] [[Category:Australian inventions]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] pzi9dgwrwpspg47ojpyu7scatu6vhhb 0 28650 112395 107535 2026-09-24T18:50:08Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112395 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Fecal microbiota transplant''' ('''FMT'''), dem sanso know as a '''stool transplant''',<ref>{{cite news |vauthors=Rowan K |url=https://news.yahoo.com/poop-transplants-may-combat-bacterial-infections-130609662.html |title='Poop Transplants' May Combat Bacterial Infections |date=October 20, 2012 |access-date=October 20, 2012 |work=LiveScience |archive-date=November 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111192152/http://news.yahoo.com/poop-transplants-may-combat-bacterial-infections-130609662.html |url-status=live }}</ref> be de process of transferring fecal bacteria den oda microbes from a healthy individual into an unhealthy individual. FMT be an effective treatment for ''Clostridioides difficile'' infection (CDI).<ref name="vanNood20132">{{cite journal |vauthors=van Nood E, Vrieze A, Nieuwdorp M, Fuentes S, Zoetendal EG, de Vos WM, Visser CE, Kuijper EJ, Bartelsman JF, Tijssen JG, Speelman P, Dijkgraaf MG, Keller JJ |date=January 2013 |title=Duodenal infusion of donor feces for recurrent Clostridium difficile |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_new-england-journal-of-medicine_2013-01-31_368_5/page/407 |journal=The New England Journal of Medicine |volume=368 |issue=5 |pages=407–415 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa1205037 |pmid=23323867 |s2cid=25879411 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Moayyedi P, Yuan Y, Baharith H, Ford AC | title = Faecal microbiota transplantation for <em>Clostridium difficile</em>-associated diarrhoea: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials | journal = The Medical Journal of Australia | volume = 207 | issue = 4 | pages = 166–172 | date = August 2017 | pmid = 28814204 | doi = 10.5694/mja17.00295 | s2cid = 24780848 }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite journal | vauthors = Baunwall SM, Andreasen SE, Hansen MM, Kelsen J, Høyer KL, Rågård N, Eriksen LL, Støy S, Rubak T, Damsgaard EM, Mikkelsen S, Erikstrup C, Dahlerup JF, Hvas CL | title = Faecal microbiota transplantation for first or second Clostridioides difficile infection (EarlyFMT): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial | journal = The Lancet. Gastroenterology & Hepatology | volume = 7 | issue = 12 | pages = 1083–1091 | date = December 2022 | pmid = 36152636 | doi = 10.1016/S2468-1253(22)00276-X | s2cid = 252483680 }}</ref> For recurrent CDI, FMT be more effective dan vancomycin alone, wey fi improve de outcome after de first index infection.<ref name="vanNood20132" /><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Baunwall SM, Lee MM, Eriksen MK, Mullish BH, Marchesi JR, Dahlerup JF, Hvas CL | title = Faecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent ''Clostridioides difficile'' infection: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis | journal = eClinicalMedicine | volume = 29-30 | article-number = 100642 | date = December 2020 | pmid = 33437951 | pmc = 7788438 | doi = 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100642 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Side effects dey include a risk of infections; therefore, donors for be screened for pathogens.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fda.gov/safety/medical-product-safety-information/fecal-microbiota-transplantation-safety-alert-risk-serious-adverse-events-likely-due-transmission |title=Fecal Microbiota for Transplantation: Safety Alert - Risk of Serious Adverse Events Likely Due to Transmission of Pathogenic Organisms |date=March 12, 2020 |website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) |access-date=March 21, 2020 |archive-date=October 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021174505/https://www.fda.gov/safety/medical-product-safety-information/fecal-microbiota-transplantation-safety-alert-risk-serious-adverse-events-likely-due-transmission }}</ref> Plus CDI dey cam be more common, FMT dey gain prominence. Some experts call for am make e cam be de first-line therapy for CDI.<ref name="Brandt2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Brandt LJ, Borody TJ, Campbell J |date=September 2011 |title=Endoscopic fecal microbiota transplantation: "first-line" treatment for severe clostridium difficile infection? |journal=Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology |volume=45 |issue=8 |pages=655–657 |doi=10.1097/MCG.0b013e3182257d4f |pmid=21716124 |s2cid=2508836 |doi-access=free}}</ref> FMT be used experimentally to treat oda gastrointestinal diseases, wey dey include colitis, constipation, [[irritable bowel syndrome]], den neurological conditions, such as [[multiple sclerosis]] den [[Parkinson's disease|Parkinson's]].<ref name="BorodyKhoruts20112">{{cite journal |vauthors=Borody TJ, Khoruts A |date=December 2011 |title=Fecal microbiota transplantation and emerging applications |journal=Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=88–96 |doi=10.1038/nrgastro.2011.244 |pmid=22183182 |s2cid=16747221}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Borody TJ, Paramsothy S, Agrawal G | title = Fecal microbiota transplantation: indications, methods, evidence, and future directions | journal = Current Gastroenterology Reports | volume = 15 | issue = 8 | article-number = 337 | date = August 2013 | pmid = 23852569 | pmc = 3742951 | doi = 10.1007/s11894-013-0337-1 }}</ref> Insyd de [[United States]], human feces be regulated as an experimental drug since 2013. Insyd de [[United Kingdom]], FMT regulation be under de remit of de Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency.<ref name="auto">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mullish BH, Quraishi MN, Segal JP, McCune VL, Baxter M, Marsden GL, Moore DJ, Colville A, Bhala N, Iqbal TH, Settle C, Kontkowski G, Hart AL, Hawkey PM, Goldenberg SD, Williams HR | title = The use of faecal microbiota transplant as treatment for recurrent or refractory ''Clostridium difficile'' infection and other potential indications: joint British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and Healthcare Infection Society (HIS) guidelines | journal = Gut | volume = 67 | issue = 11 | pages = 1920–1941 | date = November 2018 | pmid = 30154172 | doi = 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316818 | hdl-access = free | doi-access = free | hdl = 10044/1/61310 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{sister project links||d=Q2121103|c=no|q=no|n=no|b=no|v=no|voy=no|m=no|mw=no|s=no|wikt=no|species=Microbiota}} * {{cite journal | vauthors = Bibbò S, Ianiro G, Gasbarrini A, Cammarota G | title = Fecal microbiota transplantation: past, present and future perspectives | journal = Minerva Gastroenterologica e Dietologica | volume = 63 | issue = 4 | pages = 420–430 | date = December 2017 | pmid = 28927251 | doi = 10.23736/S1121-421X.17.02374-1 }} * {{cite journal | vauthors = El-Salhy M, Patcharatrakul T, Gonlachanvit S | title = Fecal microbiota transplantation for irritable bowel syndrome: An intervention for the 21st century | journal = World Journal of Gastroenterology | volume = 27 | issue = 22 | pages = 2921–2943 | date = June 2021 | pmid = 34168399 | pmc = 8192290 | doi = 10.3748/wjg.v27.i22.2921 | doi-access = free }} [[Category:Medical treatments]] [[Category:Feces]] rnjdxxl01ok7ot028tb4uz3bk1rrb8r 0 28741 112378 107560 2026-09-24T18:18:02Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112378 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Macular degeneration''', dem sanso know as '''age-related macular degeneration''' ('''AMD''' anaa '''ARMD'''), be an eye disease wey gradually dey damage de macula, de small central part of de retina responsible for sharp, detailed central vision. E mainly dey affect older adults wey fi make tasks like reading, driving, recognizing faces, anaa seeing fine details difficult. Wet ARMD be wen abnormal blood vessels grow under de macula den leak fluid anaa blood, damaging de retina wey dey cause rapid loss of central vision. Dry AMRD be wen de macula gradually thins den small deposits dem call drusen build up, wey dey lead to a slow loss of central vision. Macular degeneration typically dey occur insyd older people, wey be caused by damage to de macula of de retina. Genetic factors den smoking fi play a role. De condition be diagnosed thru a complete eye exam. Severity be divided into early, intermediate, den late types.<ref name="NEI20152">{{cite web |date=June 2015 |title=Facts About Age-Related Macular Degeneration |url=https://nei.nih.gov/health/maculardegen/armd_facts |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222151236/https://nei.nih.gov/health/maculardegen/armd_facts |archive-date=22 December 2015 |access-date=21 December 2015 |website=National Eye Institute}}</ref> De late type be additionally divided into "dry" den "wet" forms, plus de dry form dey make up 90% of cases.<ref name="NEI20152" /><ref name="Meh20152">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mehta S |date=September 2015 |title=Age-Related Macular Degeneration |journal=Primary Care |volume=42 |issue=3 |pages=377–91 |doi=10.1016/j.pop.2015.05.009 |pmid=26319344}}</ref> De difference between de two forms be categorized by de change insyd de macula. Those plus dry-form AMD get drusen, cellular debris insyd dema macula wey gradually dey damage light-sensitive cells den dey lead to vision loss. Insyd wet-form AMD, blood vessels grow under de macula, wey dey cause blood den fluid to leak into de retina.<ref>{{cite web |title=Age-Related Macular Degeneration |url=https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/macular-degeneration/age-related-macular-degeneration-overview |access-date=15 March 2022 |website=WebMD |language=en}}</ref> Exercising, dey chop well, den no dey smoke fi reduce de risk of macular degeneration.<ref name="NEI20152" /> No cure anaa treatment dey restore de vision already lost.<ref name="NEI20152" /> Insyd de wet form, anti–vascular endothelial growth factor dem inject into de eye anaa, less commonly, laser coagulation anaa photodynamic therapy fi slow worsening.<ref name="NEI20152" /> Dietary antioxidant vitamins, minerals, den carotenoids no dey appear to affect de onset;<ref name=":6">{{cite journal |last1=Evans |first1=Jennifer R |last2=Lawrenson |first2=John G |date=13 September 2023 |editor-last=Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group |title=Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |language=en |volume=2023 |issue=9 |article-number=CD000254 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD000254.pub5 |pmc=10498493 |pmid=37702300}}</ref> however, dietary supplements fi slow de progression insyd those wey already get de disease.<ref name=":6" /> As of 2022, e dey affect more dan 200 million people globally plus de prevalence dem expect to increase to 300 million people by 2040 as de proportion of elderly persons insyd de population increases.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Apte |first=RS |date=5 August 2021 |title=Age-Related Macular Degeneration |url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/af7e0093bba270d40649337c905c9c2fa7e19d55 |access-date=2026-07-22 |website=www.semanticscholar.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Vyawahare |first1=Hrishikesh |last2=Shinde |first2=Pranaykumar |title=Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment |journal=Cureus |date=2022 |volume=14 |issue=9 |article-number=e29583 |doi=10.7759/cureus.29583 |doi-access=free |issn=2168-8184 |pmc=9595233 |pmid=36312607}}</ref> E be more common insyd those of European anaa North American ancestry, wey e be about equally common insyd males den females.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=AMDF |date=2016-05-18 |title=Risk Factors for Macular Degeneration - AMDF |url=https://www.macular.org/about-macular-degeneration/what-is-macular-degeneration/risk-factors |access-date=2024-05-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> Insyd 2013, na e be de fourth most common cause of blindness, after cataracts, preterm birth, den [[glaucoma]].<ref>{{cite journal | title = Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_august-22-28-2015_386_9995/page/743 | journal = [[The Lancet]] | volume = 386 | issue = 9995 | pages = 743–800 | date = August 2015 | pmid = 26063472 | pmc = 4561509 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4 | last1 = Vos | first1 = Theo | last2 = Barber | first2 = Ryan M. | last3 = Bell | first3 = Brad | last4 = Bertozzi-Villa | first4 = Amelia | last5 = Biryukov | first5 = Stan | last6 = Bolliger | first6 = Ian | last7 = Charlson | first7 = Fiona | last8 = Davis | first8 = Adrian | last9 = Degenhardt | first9 = Louisa | last10 = Dicker | first10 = Daniel | last11 = Duan | first11 = Leilei | last12 = Erskine | first12 = Holly | last13 = Feigin | first13 = Valery L. | last14 = Ferrari | first14 = Alize J. | last15 = Fitzmaurice | first15 = Christina | last16 = Fleming | first16 = Thomas | last17 = Graetz | first17 = Nicholas | last18 = Guinovart | first18 = Caterina | last19 = Haagsma | first19 = Juanita | last20 = Hansen | first20 = Gillian M. | last21 = Hanson | first21 = Sarah Wulf | last22 = Heuton | first22 = Kyle R. | last23 = Higashi | first23 = Hideki | last24 = Kassebaum | first24 = Nicholas | last25 = Kyu | first25 = Hmwe | last26 = Laurie | first26 = Evan | last27 = Liang | first27 = Xiofeng | last28 = Lofgren | first28 = Katherine | last29 = Lozano | first29 = Rafael | last30 = MacIntyre | first30 = Michael F. }}</ref> E most commonly dey occur insyd people over de age of fifty den insyd de [[United States]] be de most common cause of vision loss insyd dis age group.<ref name="NEI2015">{{cite web |title=Facts About Age-Related Macular Degeneration |url=https://nei.nih.gov/health/maculardegen/armd_facts |website=National Eye Institute |access-date=21 December 2015 |date=June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222151236/https://nei.nih.gov/health/maculardegen/armd_facts |archive-date=22 December 2015 }}</ref><ref name="Meh2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mehta S | title = Age-Related Macular Degeneration | journal = Primary Care | volume = 42 | issue = 3 | pages = 377–91 | date = September 2015 | pmid = 26319344 | doi = 10.1016/j.pop.2015.05.009 }}</ref> About 0.4% of people between 50 den 60 get de disease, while e dey occur insyd 0.7% of people 60 to 70, 2.3% of those 70 to 80, den nearly 12% of people over 80 years old.<ref name="Meh2015" /> ==Society den culture== Among notable cases be: * Judi Dench<ref>"[https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/23/judi-dench-failing-eyesight Judi Dench 'can't read any more due to failing eyesight] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019155627/https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2014/feb/23/judi-dench-failing-eyesight |date=2016-10-19 }}", The Guardian, 23 February 2014</ref> * Joan Plowright<ref>"[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/theatre-news/10825654/Joan-Plowright-bows-out-to-a-standing-ovation.html Joan bows out to a standing ovation] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160420064158/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/theatre-news/10825654/Joan-Plowright-bows-out-to-a-standing-ovation.html |date=2016-04-20 }}", The Guardian, 13 May 2014</ref> * Peter Sallis<ref>"[http://www.macularsociety.org/How-we-help/About-us/Who-we-are/Patrons Patrons of the Macular Society] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130208035759/http://www.macularsociety.org/how-we-help/About-us/Who-we-are/Patrons |date=2013-02-08 }}", Macular Society. (notable for doing the voice of Wallace from ''[[Wallace and Gromit]]'' until 2012)</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Macular Degeneration}} [[Category:Disorders of choroid den retina]] [[Category:Senescence]] [[Category:Visual disturbances den blindness]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] dz5x9nxldptxue6ceq3w90z73wmrmi7 0 28943 112404 108117 2026-09-24T19:01:47Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112404 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Dermatophytosis''', dem sanso know as '''tinea''' den '''ringworm''', be a fungal infection of de skin<ref name=CDC2015Def>{{cite web|title=Definition of Ringworm|url=https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/definition.html|website=CDC|access-date=5 September 2016|date=December 6, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160905114011/http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/definition.html|archive-date=5 September 2016}}</ref> (a dermatomycosis), wey fi affect skin, hair, den nails.<ref name=CDC2015Sym/> Typically e dey result in a red, itchy, scaly, circular rash.<ref name=CDC2015Sym/> Hair loss fi occur insyd de area affected.<ref name=CDC2015Sym/> Symptoms dey begin four to fourteen days after exposure.<ref name=CDC2015Sym>{{cite web|title=Symptoms of Ringworm Infections|url=https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/symptoms.html|website=CDC|access-date=5 September 2016|date=December 6, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160120042431/http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/symptoms.html|archive-date=20 January 2016}}</ref> De [[#Types|types of dermatophytoses]] typically be named for de area of de body wey dem affect.<ref name=CDC2015Def/> Multiple areas fi be affected at a given time.<ref name="Dom20132">{{cite book |last1=Domino |first1=Frank J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2C2MAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1226 |title=The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2014 |last2=Baldor |first2=Robert A. |last3=Golding |first3=Jeremy |date=2013 |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |isbn=9781451188509 |page=1226 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915020200/https://books.google.com/books?id=2C2MAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1226 |archive-date=2016-09-15 |url-status=live}}</ref> About 40 types of fungus fi cause dermatophytosis.<ref name=CDC2015Def/> Dem e typically be of de ''Trichophyton'', ''Microsporum'', anaa ''Epidermophyton'' type.<ref name=CDC2015Def/> Risk factors dey include using public showers, contact sports such as wrestling, excessive sweating, contact plus animals, [[obesity]], den poor immune function.<ref name="Dom20132" /><ref name=CDC2015Risk/> Ringworm fi spread from oda animals anaa between people.<ref name=CDC2015Risk>{{cite web|title=Ringworm Risk & Prevention|url=https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/risk-prevention.html|website=CDC|access-date=5 September 2016|date=December 6, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160907031747/http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/risk-prevention.html|archive-date=7 September 2016}}</ref> Diagnosis often be based on de appearance den symptoms.<ref name=CDC2015Diag/> E fi be confirmed by either culturing anaa looking at a skin scraping under a microscope.<ref name=CDC2015Diag>{{cite web|title=Diagnosis of Ringworm|url=https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/diagnosis.html|website=CDC|access-date=5 September 2016|date=December 6, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808220703/http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/diagnosis.html|archive-date=8 August 2016}}</ref> Prevention be by keeping de skin dry, no dey walk barefoot insyd public, den no dey share personal items.<ref name=CDC2015Risk/> Treatment typically be plus antifungal creams such as clotrimazole anaa miconazole.<ref name=CDC2015Tx/> If de scalp be involved, antifungals by mouth such as fluconazole fi be needed.<ref name=CDC2015Tx>{{cite web|title=Treatment for Ringworm|url=https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/treatment.html|website=CDC|access-date=5 September 2016|date=December 6, 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903003922/http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/ringworm/treatment.html|archive-date=3 September 2016}}</ref> Dermatophytosis spread globally, den up to 20% of de world ein population fi be infected by am at any given time.<ref name=Gh2009>{{cite book|author1=Mahmoud A. Ghannoum|author2=John R. Perfect|title=Antifungal Therapy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kk_vBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA258|date=24 November 2009|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-0-8493-8786-9|page=258|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170908204835/https://books.google.com/books?id=kk_vBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA258|archive-date=8 September 2017}}</ref> Infections of de groin be more common insyd males, while infections of de scalp den body dey occur equally insyd both sexes.<ref name=Dom2013/> Infections of de scalp be most common insyd kiddies while infections of de groin be most common insyd de elderly.<ref name=Dom2013>{{cite book|last1=Domino|first1=Frank J.|last2=Baldor|first2=Robert A.|last3=Golding|first3=Jeremy|title=The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2014|date=2013|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|isbn=9781451188509|page=1226|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2C2MAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1226|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915020200/https://books.google.com/books?id=2C2MAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1226|archive-date=2016-09-15}}</ref> Descriptions of ringworm dey date back to ancient history.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bolognia|first1=Jean L.|last2=Jorizzo|first2=Joseph L.|last3=Schaffer|first3=Julie V.|title=Dermatology|date=2012|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-0702051821|page=1255|edition=3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A78BaiEKnzIC&pg=RA1-PA1255|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915014956/https://books.google.com/books?id=A78BaiEKnzIC&pg=RA1-PA1255|archive-date=2016-09-15}}</ref> == Types == [[File:Fox Plate LXXXIX.jpg|thumb|Three of de types of tinea (capitis, corporis, den barbae)]] * Tinea pedis (athlete's foot): fungal infection of de feet * Tinea unguium: fungal infection of de fingernails den toenails, den de nail bed * Tinea corporis: fungal infection of de arms, legs, den trunk * Tinea cruris (jock itch): fungal infection of de groin area * Tinea manuum: fungal infection of de hands den palm area * Tinea capitis: fungal infection of de scalp den hair * Tinea faciei (face fungus): fungal infection of de face * Tinea barbae: fungal infestation of facial hair * Oda superficial mycoses (no be classic ringworm, since no be caused by dermatophytes) ** Tinea versicolor: wey ''Malassezia furfur'' cause ** Tinea nigra: wey ''Hortaea werneckii'' cause == References == <references /> == Read further == * Pietro Nenoff, Constanze Krüger, Gabriele Ginter-Hanselmayer, Hans-Jürgen Tietz (2014). ''Mycology'' – an update. [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ddg.12245 Part 1: Dermatomycoses: Causative agents, epidemiology and pathogenesis] * {{cite journal | vauthors = Weitzman I, Summerbell RC | title = The dermatophytes | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_clinical-microbiology-reviews_1995-04_8_2/page/240 | journal = Clinical Microbiology Reviews | volume = 8 | issue = 2 | pages = 240–259 | date = 1995 | pmid = 7621400 | pmc = 172857 | doi=10.1128/cmr.8.2.240}} == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20081015151657/http://www.dermnet.com/moduleSearch.cfm?searchTerm=tinea Tinea photo library at Dermnet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081015151657/http://www.dermnet.com/moduleSearch.cfm?searchTerm=tinea |date=2008-10-15 }} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Zoonoses]] [[Category:Animal fungal diseases]] [[Category:Mycosis-related cutaneous conditions]] [[Category:Cat diseases]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] fy6lloksuws6eljjzb62ctra88urvl1 0 29034 112333 108077 2026-09-24T17:04:05Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112333 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Arrhythmias''', dem sanso know as '''cardiac arrhythmias''', be irregularities insyd de heartbeat, wey dey include wen e be too fast anaa too slow.<ref name="NIH2011Def" /> Essentially, dis be anything buh normal sinus rhythm. A resting heart rate wey be too fast – above 100 beats per minute insyd adults – be called [[tachycardia]], den a resting heart rate wey be too slow – below 60 beats per minute – be called bradycardia.<ref name="NIH2011Def">{{cite web|title=What Is Arrhythmia?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr|publisher=[[National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute]]|access-date=7 March 2015|date=July 1, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302074103/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/|archive-date=2 March 2015}}</ref> Sam types of arrhythmias no get symptoms.<ref name="NIH2011Sym" /> Symptoms, wen present, fi include palpitations anaa feeling a pause between heartbeats.<ref name="NIH2011Sym" /> Insyd more serious cases, der fi be lightheadedness, passing out, shortness of breath, chest pain, anaa decreased level of consciousness.<ref name=NIH2011Sym>{{cite web|title=What Are the Signs and Symptoms of an Arrhythmia?|url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/arrhythmias/symptoms|publisher=National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute|access-date=7 March 2015|date=July 1, 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219081446/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/signs|archive-date=19 February 2015}}</ref> While most cases of arrhythmia no be serious, sam predispose a person to complications such as [[stroke]] anaa [[heart failure]].<ref name=NIH2011Def/><ref name="NIH2011Type2">{{cite web |date=July 1, 2011 |title=Types of Arrhythmia |url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/types |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607165144/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/types |archive-date=7 June 2015 |access-date=7 March 2015 |publisher=National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute}}</ref> Odas fi result in [[cardiac arrest|sudden death]].<ref name="NIH2011Type2" /> Arrhythmias often be categorized into four groups: extra beats, supraventricular tachycardias, ventricular arrhythmias den bradyarrhythmias.<ref name=NIH2011Type /> Extra beats dey include premature atrial contractions, premature ventricular contractions den premature junctional contractions.<ref name=NIH2011Type /> Supraventricular tachycardias dey include [[atrial fibrillation]], atrial flutter den paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.<ref name=NIH2011Type /> Ventricular arrhythmias dey include ventricular fibrillation den ventricular tachycardia.<ref name=NIH2011Type>{{cite web|title=Types of Arrhythmia|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/types|publisher=National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute|access-date=7 March 2015|date=July 1, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607165144/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/types|archive-date=7 June 2015}}</ref><ref name=Martin2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Martin CA, Matthews GD, Huang CL | title = Sudden cardiac death and inherited channelopathy: the basic electrophysiology of the myocyte and myocardium in ion channel disease | journal = Heart | volume = 98 | issue = 7 | pages = 536–543 | date = April 2012 | pmid = 22422742 | pmc = 3308472 | doi = 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300953 }}</ref> Bradyarrhythmias be secof sinus node dysfunction anaa atrioventricular conduction disturbances.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Vogler J, Breithardt G, Eckardt L | title = Bradyarrhythmias and conduction blocks | journal = Revista Espanola de Cardiologia | volume = 65 | issue = 7 | pages = 656–667 | date = July 2012 | pmid = 22627074 | doi = 10.1016/j.rec.2012.01.027 | s2cid = 18983179 }}</ref> Arrhythmias be secof problems plus de electrical conduction system of de heart.<ref name=NIH2011Def/> A number of tests fi help plus diagnosis, wey dey include an electrocardiogram (ECG) den Holter monitor.<ref name=NIH2011Diag>{{cite web|title=How Are Arrhythmias Diagnosed?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/diagnosis|publisher=National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute|access-date=7 March 2015|date=July 1, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218075708/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/diagnosis|archive-date=18 February 2015}}</ref> Chaw arrhythmias fi be effectively treated.<ref name=NIH2011Def/> Treatments fi include medications, medical procedures such as inserting a pacemaker, den surgery.<ref name=NIH2011Tx/> Medications for a fast heart rate fi include beta blockers, anaa antiarrhythmic agents such as procainamide, wich attempt to restore a normal heart rhythm.<ref name=NIH2011Tx/> Dis latter group fi get more significant side effects, especially if dem take for a long period of time.<ref name=NIH2011Tx/> Pacemakers often be used for slow heart rates.<ref name=NIH2011Tx/> Those plus an irregular heartbeat often be treated plus blood thinners to reduce de risk of complications.<ref name=NIH2011Tx/> Those wey get severe symptoms from an arrhythmia anaa be medically unstable fi receive urgent treatment plus a controlled electric shock insyd de form of cardioversion anaa defibrillation.<ref name=NIH2011Tx>{{cite web|title=How Are Arrhythmias Treated?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/treatment|publisher=National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute|access-date=7 March 2015|date=July 1, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217135319/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/treatment|archive-date=17 February 2015}}</ref> Arrhythmia dey affect millions of people.<ref name=NIH2011Risk>{{cite web|title=Who Is at Risk for an Arrhythmia?|url=http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/atrisk|publisher=National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute|access-date=7 March 2015|date=July 1, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303190136/http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/atrisk|archive-date=3 March 2015}}</ref> Insyd Europe den [[North America]], as of 2014, atrial fibrillation dey affect about 2% to 3% of de population.<ref name=Zoni2014>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zoni-Berisso M, Lercari F, Carazza T, Domenicucci S | title = Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: European perspective | journal = Clinical Epidemiology | volume = 6 | pages = 213–220 | date = 2014 | pmid = 24966695 | pmc = 4064952 | doi = 10.2147/CLEP.S47385 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Atrial fibrillation den atrial flutter result in 112,000 deaths insyd 2013, up from 29,000 insyd 1990.<ref name=GDB2013>{{cite journal | vauthors = Naghavi M, Wang H, Lozano R, Davis A, Liang X, Zhou M, etal | title = Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_the-lancet_january-10-16-2015_385_9963/page/117 | journal = Lancet | volume = 385 | issue = 9963 | pages = 117–171 | date = January 2015 | pmid = 25530442 | pmc = 4340604 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61682-2 | collaboration = GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators }}</ref> However, insyd most recent cases wey dey concern de SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic, cardiac arrhythmias commonly be developed den associated plus high morbidity den mortality among patients dem hospitalize plus de [[COVID-19]] infection, secof de infection ein ability to cause myocardial injury.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kuck KH | title = Arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in the COVID-19 pandemic | journal = Herz | volume = 45 | issue = 4 | pages = 325–326 | date = June 2020 | pmid = 32333026 | pmc = 7181098 | doi = 10.1007/s00059-020-04924-0 }}</ref> Sudden cardiac death be de cause of about half of deaths secof [[cardiovascular disease]] den about 15% of all deaths globally.<ref name=Meh2007>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mehra R | title = Global public health problem of sudden cardiac death | journal = Journal of Electrocardiology | volume = 40 | issue = 6 Suppl | pages = S118–S122 | date = 2007 | pmid = 17993308 | doi = 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2007.06.023 }}</ref> About 80% of sudden cardiac death be de result of ventricular arrhythmias.<ref name=Meh2007/> Arrhythmias fi occur at any age buh be more common among older people.<ref name=NIH2011Risk/> Arrhythmias sanso fi occur insyd kiddies; however, de normal range give de heart rate dey vary plus age.<ref name="NIH2011Type" /> ==Classification== [[File:De-Atrial ventricular (CardioNetworks ECGpedia).png|thumb|upright=1.4|Broad classification of arrhythmias according to region of heart dem require to sustain de rhythm]] Arrhythmias sanso be classified by site of origin: ===Atrial arrhythmia=== * Sinus bradycardia * Sinus arrhythmia * Sinus tachycardia * Premature atrial contractions (PACs) * Wandering atrial pacemaker * Atrial tachycardia * Multifocal atrial tachycardia * Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) * Atrial flutter * [[Atrial fibrillation|Atrial fibrillation (Afib)]] * AV nodal reentrant tachycardia ===Junctional arrhythmia=== * AV nodal reentrant tachycardia * Junctional rhythm * Junctional tachycardia * Premature junctional contraction ===Ventricular arrhythmia=== <!--Ventricular arrhythmia redirects here--> * Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), dem sam times call ventricular extra beats (VEBs)<ref name="Farzam">{{cite web | last1=Farzam | first1=Khashayar | last2=Richards | first2=John R. | title=Premature ventricular contraction | publisher=StatPearls| date=2022-12-27 | pmid=30422584 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532991/}}</ref> * Accelerated idioventricular rhythm * Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia * Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia * Ventricular fibrillation * Torsades de pointes * Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia * Re-entry ventricular arrhythmia === Heart blocks === * First-degree heart block, wich dey manifest as PR prolongation * Second-degree heart block ** Type 1 Second degree heart block, dem sanso know as Mobitz I anaa Wenckebach ** Type 2 Second degree heart block, dem sanso know as Mobitz II * Third-degree heart block, dem sanso know as complete heart block === Sudden arrhythmic death syndrome === Causes of SADS insyd young people dey include viral myocarditis, long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]] den arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia.<ref name="a- Chugh-2008">{{cite journal |vauthors=Chugh SS, Reinier K, Teodorescu C, Evanado A, Kehr E, Al Samara M, Mariani R, Gunson K, Jui J |title=Epidemiology of sudden cardiac death: clinical and research implications |journal=Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases |volume=51 |issue=3 |pages=213–228 |year=2008 |pmid=19026856 |pmc=2621010 |doi=10.1016/j.pcad.2008.06.003}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Winkel BG, Holst AG, Theilade J, Kristensen IB, Thomsen JL, Ottesen GL, Bundgaard H, Svendsen JH, Haunsø S, Tfelt-Hansen J |title=Nationwide study of sudden cardiac death in persons aged 1-35 years |journal=European Heart Journal |volume=32 |issue=8 |pages=983–990 |date=April 2011 |pmid=21131293 |doi=10.1093/eurheartj/ehq428 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ===Fetal arrhythmia=== Arrhythmias sanso fi occur insyd de fetus.<ref name="Batra">{{cite journal | vauthors = Batra AS, Balaji S | title = Fetal arrhythmias: Diagnosis and management | journal = Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal | volume = 19 | issue = 3 | pages = 104–109 | date = 2019 | pmid = 30817991 | pmc = 6531664 | doi = 10.1016/j.ipej.2019.02.007 }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Cardiac arrhythmia| ]] [[Category:Medical emergencies]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] nafy5o9m37y6jnnl0o7ihu7lq07dgkl 0 29519 112433 112266 2026-09-24T23:17:53Z DaSupremo 9 Improve article 112433 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup''' (Polish: ''Mistrzostwa Świata FIFA U-20 Kobiet Polska 2026'') be de 12th edition of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, de biennial international women's youth football championship wey be contested by de under-20 national teams of de member associations of FIFA. Dem dey host am by Poland. E be de second time wey na Poland host a FIFA tournament having host de men's FIFA U-20 World Cup insyd 2019. E sanso be de first time wey Poland host a FIFA women's tournament.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/fifa-council/media-releases/fifa-council-appoints-chile-and-poland-as-hosts-of-fifa-youth-competitions|title=FIFA Council appoints Chile and Poland as hosts of FIFA youth competitions|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association|website=FIFA.com|access-date=17 December 2023|date=17 December 2023}}</ref> North Korea be de defending champions, na dem win a joint-record third title insyd 2024. ==Host selection== Na dem announce Poland as de 2026 Women's U-20 World Cup hosts following de FIFA Council meeting on 17 December 2023 insyd [[Jeddah]], [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Polska gospodarzem Mistrzostw Świata Kobiet U-20 w 2026 roku! |url=https://pzpn.pl/federacja/aktualnosci/2023-12-17/polska-gospodarzem-mistrzostw-swiata-kobiet-u-20-w-2026-roku |access-date=18 December 2023 |publisher=[[Polish Football Association]]|date=17 December 2023 |language=pl}}</ref> ==Teams== ===Qualification=== [[File:2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup qualified teams map.svg|thumb|430x430px|right|upright=1.5|{{legend|#0000ff|Teams qualified}}{{Legend|#ffcc00|Teams failed to qualify}}{{Legend|#000000|Teams withdrew or suspended}}{{legend|#cccccc|Did not enter}}{{Legend|#939393|Not a FIFA member}}]] A total of 24 teams qualify for de final tournament. In addition to Poland wey qualify automatically as hosts, de oda 23 teams qualify from six separate continental competitions. De slot allocation remain unchanged from de previous edition. * [[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]] (Asia): 4 slots * [[Confederation of African Football|CAF]] (Africa): 4 slots * [[CONCACAF]] (North, Central America den Caribbean): 4 slots * [[CONMEBOL]] (South America): 4 slots * [[Oceania Football Confederation|OFC]] (Oceania): 2 slots * [[UEFA]] (Europe): 6 slots (wey dey include hosts Poland) De host nations [[Poland women's national under-20 football team|Poland]], along plus [[Portugal women's national under-20 football team|Portugal]], [[New Caledonia women's national under-20 football team|New Caledonia]], [[Ecuador women's national under-20 football team|Ecuador]], [[Tanzania women's national under-20 football team|Tanzania]] den [[Benin women's national under-20 football team|Benin]] make dema debut at de U-20 Women's World Cup, plus New Caledonia den Benin make dema first appearance insyd a FIFA women's tournament. For de first time ever [[Germany women's national under-20 football team|Germany]] fail to qualify, having participated insyd all editions til [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]. {{clear}} {|class="wikitable sortable" |- !rowspan=2|Qualifying tournament !rowspan=2|Team !rowspan=2|Qualification date !colspan=4 data-sort-type="number"|Appearance(s) !rowspan=2|Previous best performance |- !{{Tooltip|Total|Including this edition}} !First !Last !{{abbr|Streak|Current consecutive appearances streak}} |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup]] |{{fbwu|20|CHN}} |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|4|11|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|7th|China's previous appearances came in 2004, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2014 and 2018.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]], [[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]]) |- |Japan |align="center"|{{abbr|9th|Japan's previous appearances came in 2002, 2008, 2010, 2012 (hosts), 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|5 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]]) |- |North Korea |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|4|12|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|9th|North Korea's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|2 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]], [[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]], [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |South Korea |align="center"|{{abbr|8th|South Korea's previous appearances came in 2004, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 African U-20 Women's World Cup qualification]] |Ghana |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|5|9|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|8th|Ghana's previous appearances came in 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|8 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} (''seven times'') |- |Nigeria |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|Nigeria's previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]]) |- |Benin |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|5|10|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Tanzania |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2025 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship]] |Canada |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|5|31|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|Canada's previous appearances came in 2002 (hosts), 2004, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2014 (hosts), 2016, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]]) |- |{{fbwu|20|MEX}} |align="center"|{{abbr|11th|Mexico's previous appearances came in 2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|10 |{{sort|08|Quarter-finals}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]], [[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |- |{{nowrap|{{fbwu|20|USA}}}} |align="center"|{{dts|2025|6|1|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|United States' previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]], [[2008 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2008]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]]) |- |Costa Rica |align="center"|{{dts|2025|6|3|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|5th|Costa Rica's previous appearances came in 2010, 2014, 2022 (hosts) and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]], [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 South American Under-20 Women's Football Championship|2026 South American U-20 Women's Championship]] |{{fbwu|20|BRA}} |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|2|22|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|Brazil's previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |- |Ecuador |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Argentina |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|2|28|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|5th|Argentina's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2012, and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|2 |{{sort|16|Round of 16}} ([[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |Colombia |align="center"|{{abbr|4th|Colombia's previous appearances came in 2010, 2022 and 2024 (hosts).}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|04|Fourth place}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=2|[[2025 OFC U-19 Women's Championship]] |New Caledonia |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|10|1|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |New Zealand |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|New Zealand's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|10 |{{sort|08|Quarter-finals}} ([[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]]) |- |align="center"|Host nation |Poland |align="center"|{{dts|2023|12|17|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |align="center" rowspan=5|[[2025 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship|2025 UEFA Women's U-19 Championship]] |France |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|6|18|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|France's previous appearances came in 2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2014, 2016, 2018 (hosts), 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|6 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]]) |- |{{fbwu|20|ITA}} |align="center"|{{abbr|3rd|Italy's previous appearances came in 2004 and 2012.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} ([[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]]) |- |England |align="center" rowspan=3|{{dts|2025|6|21|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|6th|England's previous appearances came in 2002, 2008, 2010, 2014 and 2018.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]]) |- |Portugal |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Spain |align="center"|{{abbr|6th|Spain's previous appearances came in 2004, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|5 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |} ===Draw=== De draw take place on 15 May 2026 at de EC1 Cultural Center insyd Łódź, Poland.<ref name="Draw">{{cite web|url=https://www.plus.fifa.com/en/content/draw-fifa-u-20-women-s-world-cup-poland-2026/0230b215-9fdf-4404-8b46-acfb65c3076a |title=Draw {{!}} FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association|accessdate=7 May 2026}}</ref> Na dem divide de 24 teams into four pots of 6, wey hosts Poland dem automatically place insyd Pot 1. Na de remaining teams be allocated according to a ranking based on performances insyd de last five editions of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, plus greater weight given to more recent tournaments. Teams from Pots 1 to 4 go be drawn into Groups A to F, wey dem empty each pot before moving to de next. Poland go be assigned to position A1, while de remaining Pot 1 teams go automatically occupy position 1 insyd Groups B to F. For each draw, a team ball go be drawn first, wey a group-position ball follow wey dey determine ein placement within de group. FIFA ein general principle be to avoid, whenever possible, having more dan one team from de same confederation insyd de same group. {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;white-space:nowrap" |+ Pots |- !rowspan=2|Pot !rowspan=2|Team !rowspan=2|Confederation ![[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]] ![[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]] ![[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] ![[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]] ![[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] !rowspan=2|Total<br />points |- !Points<br /><small>(20%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(40%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(60%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(80%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(100%)</small> |- |rowspan=6|1 |align=left|Poland '''(H)'''||UEFA||colspan=7|Host nation, dem automatically assign to Pot 1 |- |align=left|Japan||AFC||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4.8||9||10.4||18||'''42.2''' |- |align=left|Spain||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||7.8||12.8||12||'''35''' |- |align=left|North Korea||AFC||1.4||7.2||3.6||{{abbr|W|Withdrew}}||21||'''33.2''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|BRA}}||CONMEBOL||0.2||1.6||0.6||10.4||12||'''24.8''' |- |align=left|France||UEFA||2.6||4.4||6.6||5.6||4||'''23.2''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|2 |align=left|{{fbwu|20|USA}}||CONCACAF||1.4||3.2||2.4||2.4||13||'''22.4''' |- |align=left|Nigeria||CAF||2.6||2.4||2.4||7.2||6||'''20.6''' |- |align=left|Colombia||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4||13||'''17''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|MEX}}||CONCACAF||0.4||2.4||1.8||4||4||'''12.6''' |- |align=left|South Korea||AFC||1||1.2||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||4||'''8.6''' |- |align=left|England||UEFA||0.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||6.6||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''7''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|3 |align=left|Ghana||CAF||1.2||0.8||1.8||0||3||'''6.8''' |- |align=left|Canada||CONCACAF||1.2||0||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||0||4||'''5.2''' |- |align=left|New Zealand||OFC||1.2||1.2||0.6||1.6||0||'''4.6''' |- |align=left|Argentina||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4||'''4''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|CHN}}||AFC||0.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''2.8''' |- |align=left|Costa Rica||CONCACAF||0||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||0||0||'''0''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|4 |align=left|{{fbwu|20|ITA}}||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Portugal||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Ecuador||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Benin||CAF||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Tanzania||CAF||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|New Caledonia||OFC||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |} ==Venues== Na [[Łódź]], [[Katowice]], [[Sosnowiec]], den [[Bielsko-Biała]] be de cities dem nominate to host de competition on 8 May 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dziennikzachodni.pl/mistrzostwa-swiata-w-pilce-noznej-kobiet-u-20-w-katowicach-sosnowcu-lodzi-oraz-w-tychach-lub-bielsku-bialej/ar/c2p2-27563001 |title=Mistrzostwa świata w piłce nożnej kobiet U-20 w Katowicach, Sosnowcu, Łodzi oraz w Tychach lub Bielsku-Białej |date=8 May 2025 |access-date=9 May 2025|website=dziennikzachodni.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem be de official venues wey FIFA announce insyd 6 September 2025.<ref name="Emblem2">{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=One-year countdown to FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™: Host Cities and Official Brand revealed |url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/one-year-countdown-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-host-cities-official-brand |access-date=6 September 2025 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> {{OSM Location map | coord = {{coord|50.7|19.2}} | zoom = 7 | width = 400 | height = 400 | mark-size1 = 16 | shape1 = n-circle | caption = Location of de host cities of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland.<div style="font-size:80%">{{col-begin}}{{Col-3}}{{Ubl | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|1|blue}} [[Łódź]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|2|blue}} [[Katowice]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|3|blue}} [[Sosnowiec]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|4|blue}} [[Bielsko-Biała]] }}{{col-end}}</div> | mark-coord1 = {{Coord|51.7769|19.4547}} | shape-color1 = blue | mark-title1 = [[Łódź]] | mark-description1 = [[Władysław Król Municipal Stadium]] | mark-coord2 = {{Coord|50.2625|19.0217}} | shape-color2 = blue | mark-title2 = [[Katowice]] | mark-description2 = [[Arena Katowice]] | mark-coord3 = {{Coord|50.2518|18.9747}} | shape-color3 = blue | mark-title3 = [[Sosnowiec]] | mark-description3 = [[Zagłębie Sports Park]] | mark-coord4 = {{Coord|49.8225|19.0444}} | shape-color4 = blue | mark-title4 = [[Bielsko-Biała]] | mark-description4 = [[Bielsko-Biała Stadium]] }} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup venues |- !|[[Łódź]] !|[[Katowice]] |- | [[Władysław Król Municipal Stadium|Stadion ŁKS]] | [[Arena Katowice]] |- | Capacity: '''18,029''' | Capacity: '''15,048''' |- ! [[File:Lodz stadion LKS.jpg|200px]] ! [[File:2025-04 Katowice stadion Arena Katowice (46).jpg|200px]] |- ! [[Sosnowiec]] ! [[Bielsko-Biała]] |- | [[Zagłębie Sports Park]] | [[Bielsko-Biała Stadium|Stadion w Bielsku-Białej]] |- | Capacity: '''11,600''' | Capacity: '''15,316''' |- ! [[File:ArcelorMittal Park.jpg|200px]] ! [[File:Stadion Miejski Bielsko-Biała trybuna wschodnia February 2015.jpg|200px]] |- |} ==Marketing== ===Emblem=== Na de official emblem be revealed on 6 September 2025.<ref name="Emblem">{{cite web|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/one-year-countdown-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-host-cities-official-brand |title=One-year countdown to FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™: Host Cities and Official Brand revealed |date=6 September 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> === Theme song === De official song be titled "Yeyeyo" wey Blanka perform. Na de song be released on 7 August 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Official song for the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™ out now |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/womens/u20womensworldcup/poland-2026/articles/official-song-poland-2026-out-now |access-date=2026-08-20 |website=www.fifa.com}}</ref> === Mascot === De tournament ein mascot be called "Islana". De mascot dey represent spirits from Slavic mythology den shaped after a rusalka. Na dem unveil am on 5 May 2026.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/islana-mascot-fifa-u20-womens-world-cup-2026 |title=Islana™ unveiled as FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup 2026™ mascot|date=5 May 2026 |access-date=7 May 2026|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> ==Squads== === Group A === ==== Argentina ==== Head coach: Christian Meloni {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Priscila Siben |3 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Banfield |- |2 |FW !Alma Velasco Heim |13 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Levante |- |3 |MF !Carolina Ceniza |12 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |4 |DF !Sofia Quiroga |15 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |5 |MF !Agustina Maldonado |19 March 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |6 |DF !Julia Vinhas |27 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Platense |- |7 |FW !Julieta Aguilar |29 July 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 |Newell's Old Boys |- |8 |MF !Julieta Martínez |3 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |9 |FW !Mercedes Diz |24 February 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |10 |MF !Brisa Jara |14 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Talleres |- |11 |MF !Dolo Delgado |17 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Atlético Madrid |- |12 |GK !Juana Schipper |14 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Talleres |- |13 |MF !Luzmila Ramirez |25 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |14 |DF !Luisana Araya |4 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Belgrano |- |15 |MF !Morena Calvo |29 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |16 |DF !Camila Ochoa |28 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Independiente |- |17 |FW !Violeta Alvarez |28 April 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |18 |FW !Pia Alvarez |31 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Independiente |- |19 |FW !Annika Paz |16 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |4 |Inter Milan |- |20 |FW !Giselle White |29 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Santa Rosa United |- |21 |GK !Naila Zaninetti |26 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Unión |} ==== Benin ==== Head coach: Ouzérou Abdoulaye {| class="wikitable sortable" ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Larissa Saizonou |21 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | UMSA |- |2 |DF !Mistourath Seibou |14 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |AS Gamia |- |3 |DF !Laura Abikou |26 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |4 |DF !Jocelyne Tetchri |30 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |AS Gamia |- |5 |DF !Assanatou Alassane |1 January 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | AS Cotonou |- |6 |MF !Hermionne Lokossou |29 July 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |AS Lagarde |- |7 |FW !Romaine Gandonou |13 November 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 |AS Tambours FC |- |8 |MF !Mouibath Awena |20 December 2009 (aged 16) |0 |0 |Goutchira Omnisport |- |9 |MF !Rakibatou Sabi Manin |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |AKSP |- |10 |MF !Yasminath Djibril |13 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Aïnonvi FC |- |11 |MF !Angela Gbadessi |5 January 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 |AS Cotonou |- |12 |DF !Deo-Gratias Ebi |13 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |13 |MF !Pierrette Chigblo |16 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Dynamique FC |- |14 |FW !Hosane Soukou |23 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |NSU Demons |- |15 |MF !Fidele Toudonou |19 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |16 |GK !Esther Ogoudare |13 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Espoir FC |- |17 |DF !Estelle Vidinhouede |19 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | UMSA |- |18 |MF !Joelle Kpadonou |15 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Mogbwemo Queens FC |- |19 |FW !Germaine Honfo |24 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Club Municipal Laayoune FF |- |20 |DF !Nailatou Sadikou |2 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |1. FSV Mainz 05 |- |21 |GK !Nadiath Salifou |22 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |AS Cotonou |} ==== Mexico ==== De final squad dem announce on 17 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.foxsports.com.mx/2026/08/17/las-elegidas-seleccion-mexicana-femenil-da-su-lista-final-para-el-mundial-sub-20-de-polonia/|title=¡Las elegidas! Selección Mexicana Femenil da su lista final para el Mundial Sub 20 de Polonia|trans-title=The chosen ones! The Mexican Women's National Team announces its final roster for the U-20 World Cup in Poland|lang=es|publisher=[[Fox Sports (Mexico)|Fox Sports]]|date=17 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: {{flagicon|BRA}} Dorival Bueno {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Mariangela Medina |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |UCLA Bruins |- |2 |DF !Michel Fong |2 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tijuana |- |3 |DF !Natalia Muñoz |10 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |4 |DF !Berenice Ibarra |24 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Pachuca |- |5 |DF !Ana Torres |9 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Atlante |- |6 |MF !Julia Valadez |6 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Pachuca |- |7 |DF !Maria Gonzalez |9 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |8 |MF !Abril Fragoso |15 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Pachuca |- |9 |FW !Deiry Ramirez |30 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tigres UANL |- |10 |FW !Alice Soto |26 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Monterrey |- |11 |MF !Monique Montes |30 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Monterrey |- |12 |GK !Camila Vazquez |17 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Atlas |- |13 |DF !Ashlee Mora |11 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | UTEP Miners |- |14 |MF !Alexa Soto |20 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |15 |DF !Mia Villalpando |10 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |16 |MF !Noemi Villalobos |5 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Atlas |- |17 |FW !Jalen Chaney |1 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Creighton Bluejays |- |18 |DF !Arantza Segura |3 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |19 |FW !Montserrat Saldivar |20 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |20 |DF !Alexa Martinez |31 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Pachuca |- |21 |GK !Valentina Murrieta |22 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |América |} ==== Poland ==== De final squad dem announce on 10 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web |title=[MŚ WU-20] Powołania do reprezentacji Polski na turniej finałowy |url=https://www.pzpn.pl/reprezentacje/reprezentacje-kobiece/reprezentacja-u-19/aktualnosci/2026-08-10/ms-wu-20-powolania-do-reprezentacji-polski-na-turniej-finalowy |website=pzpn.pl |language=pl |date=10 August 2026 |access-date=2026-08-30 |archive-date=2026-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260828032827/https://www.pzpn.pl/reprezentacje/reprezentacje-kobiece/reprezentacja-u-19/aktualnosci/2026-08-10/ms-wu-20-powolania-do-reprezentacji-polski-na-turniej-finalowy |url-status=live }}</ref> Head coach: Marcin Kasprowicz {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Julia Woźniak |15 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Sporting CP |- |2 |DF !Oliwia Łapińska |9 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Czarni Sosnowiec |- |3 |FW !Oliwia Związek |22 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Lech Poznań UAM |- |4 |DF !Magda Piekarska |9 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Roma |- |5 |DF !Emilia Sobierajska |22 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Czarni Sosnowiec |- |6 |DF !Iga Witkowska |27 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Czarni Sosnowiec |- |7 |MF !Krystyna Flis |4 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Basel |- |8 |MF !Zuzanna Witek |19 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | HB Køge |- |9 |FW !Julia Gutowska |17 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | HB Køge |- |10 |MF !Maja Zielińska |11 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Legia Warsaw |- |11 |MF !Oliwia Zgoda |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Czarni Sosnowiec |- |12 |GK !Zuzanna Błaszczyk |17 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Śląsk Wrocław |- |13 |DF !Zofia Pągowska |25 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | UKS SMS Łódź |- |14 |DF !Jagoda Cyraniak |23 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Marseille |- |15 |FW !Weronika Araśniewicz |15 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | VfL Wolfsburg |- |16 |FW !Zuzanna Grzywińska |23 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |1. FC Nürnberg |- |17 |MF !Lena Świrska |19 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Pogoń Szczecin |- |18 |DF !Martyna Bartczak |25 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UKS SMS Łódź |- |19 |FW !Kinga Wyrwas |21 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Sassuolo |- |20 |MF !Inez Sikora |23 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Górnik Łęczna |- |21 |GK !Hanna Wieczerzak |29 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Real Madrid |} === Group B === ==== Brazil ==== De final squad dem announce on 19 August 2026.<ref name="Camilla Orlando convoca Seleção Feminina Sub-20 para Copa do Mundo">{{cite web |title=Camilla Orlando convoca Seleção Feminina Sub-20 para Copa do Mundo |url=https://www.cbf.com.br/selecao-brasileira/noticias/selecao-feminina-sub-20/a/camilla-orlando-convoca-selecao-feminina-sub-20-para-copa-do-mundo |website=CBF.com.br |access-date=3 September 2026 |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Head coach: [[Camilla Orlando]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Thaís Lima |11 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Benfica |- |2 |DF !Thaynara |20 March 2006 (aged 20) |11 |1 | Botafogo |- |3 |DF !Sofia Couto |2 August 2007 (aged 19) |10 |0 | Flamengo |- |4 |DF !Ana Beatriz |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |7 |0 | São Paulo |- |5 |MF !Emilly Lucas |11 February 2007 (aged 19) |6 |0 | Flamengo |- |6 |DF !Bianca |17 May 2006 (aged 20) |9 |0 | Internacional |- |7 |MF !Gisele |20 May 2007 (aged 19) |22 |4 | Grêmio |- |8 |MF !Nogueira |20 January 2008 (aged 18) |8 |3 | Ferroviária |- |9 |FW !Brendha |17 December 2006 (aged 19) |11 |4 | Flamengo |- |10 |MF !Vitorinha |20 November 2006 (aged 19) |9 |4 | São Paulo |- |11 |MF !Dudinha |27 January 2006 (aged 20) |9 |1 | Ferroviária |- |12 |GK !Eluiza |8 June 2006 (aged 20) |10 |0 | São Paulo |- |13 |MF !Dulce |28 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Corinthians |- |14 |MF !Kaylane |8 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Flamengo |- |15 |FW !Gio Canali |12 February 2006 (aged 20) |8 |0 | Virginia Cavaliers |- |16 |MF !Clarinha |16 January 2006 (aged 20) |9 |3 | Benfica |- |17 |FW !Evelin |8 April 2008 (aged 18) |10 |4 | Santos |- |18 |FW !Carioca |26 February 2006 (aged 20) |7 |2 | Fluminense |- |19 |FW !Tainá |30 November 2006 (aged 19) |9 |2 | Ferroviária |- |20 |MF !Aninha |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Internacional |- |21 |GK !Ana Morganti |30 November 2008 (aged 17) |1 |0 |Corinthians |} ==== Canada ==== De final squad dem announce on 20 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.canadasoccer.com/canada-soccer-announces-21-player-squad-for-fifa-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-2026|title=CANW20 Roster Unveiled for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™|publisher=[[Canada Soccer Association]]|date=20 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Cindy Tye]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Noelle Henning |4 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Michigan State Spartans |- |2 |DF !Inès Nourani |18 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | UConn Huskies |- |3 |DF !Iba Oching |28 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |4 |DF !Janet Okeke |1 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | NC State Wolfpack |- |5 |DF !Stephanie Schoeley |20 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Providence Friars |- |6 |MF !Olivia Chisholm |5 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | AFC Toronto |- |7 |MF !Teegan Melenhorst |31 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Miami Hurricanes |- |8 |MF !Jeneva Hernandez Gray |5 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Sporting CP |- |9 |FW !Annabelle Chukwu |8 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Notre Dame Fighting Irish |- |10 |FW !Kaylee Hunter |22 January 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | AFC Toronto |- |11 |FW !Léa Larouche |20 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |12 |DF !Jadea Collin |29 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Wisconsin Badgers |- |13 |FW !Emma Yee |28 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Illinois Fighting Illini |- |14 |DF !Chloe Taylor |2 September 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Auburn Tigers |- |15 |DF !Bridget Mutipula |5 August 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Florida State Seminoles |- |16 |MF !Noelle Sather |2 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Baylor Bears |- |17 |FW !Liana Tarasco |14 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |18 |GK !Khadijah Cissé |18 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |19 |FW !Sariyah Bailey |17 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |LSU Tigers |- |20 |MF !Sienna Gibson |18 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UBC Thunderbirds |- |21 |GK !Madison London |22 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |New Mexico Lobos |} ==== England ==== De final squad dem announce on on 21 August 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McHugh |first=Beth |date=21 August 2026 |title=England WU20s squad named for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Aug/21/england-wu20s-squad-announced-for-wu20-world-cup-20260821 |access-date=21 August 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> On 30 August 2026, na dem announce say [[Lauryn Thompson]] withdraw from de tournament squad secof injury; she be replaced by [[Layla Drury]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 August 2026 |title=Drury steps into WU20s World Cup squad |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Aug/30/england-wu20s-world-cup-squad-update-20263008 |access-date=30 August 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> On 4 September 2026, [[Erica Meg Parkinson]] withdraw to remain plus ein club North Carolina Courage; she be replaced by [[Vivienne Lia]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2026 |title=Vivienne Lia called into WU20 World Cup squad |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Sep/04/Vivienne-Lia-called-to-WU20-World-Cup-squad |access-date=4 September 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> Head coach: [[Lydia Bedford]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Katie Cox |28 April 2006 (aged 20) | | | Nottingham Forest |- |2 |DF !Ria Bose |7 February 2006 (aged 20) | | | West Ham United |- |3 |DF !Chloe Sarwie |19 December 2008 (aged 17) | | | Chelsea |- |4 |MF !May Cruft |6 September 2009 (aged 16) | | | Rangers |- |5 |DF !Zara Shaw |6 June 2007 (aged 19) | | | Liverpool |- |6 |DF !Cecily Wellesley-Smith |4 January 2007 (aged 19) | | | Rosengård |- |7 |MF !Eleanor Klinger |4 November 2006 (aged 19) | | | Stanford Cardinal |- |8 |FW !Vivienne Lia |27 September 2006 (aged 19) | | | Eintracht Frankfurt |- |9 |FW !Princess Ademiluyi |14 July 2006 (aged 20) | | | Ipswich Town |- |10 |MF !Lola Brown |31 October 2007 (aged 18) | | | Chelsea |- |11 |MF !Vera Jones |18 February 2008 (aged 18) | | | Watford |- |12 |DF !Rachel Maltby |25 March 2007 (aged 19) | | | Aston Villa |- |13 |GK !Kaiya Jota |25 August 2006 (aged 19) | | | Stanford Cardinal |- |14 |MF !Chloe Hylton |25 April 2007 (aged 19) | | | Carolina Ascent |- |15 |DF !Lucy Newell |2 October 2006 (aged 19) | | | Manchester United |- |16 |FW !Eva Hendle |30 April 2008 (aged 18) | | | Rangers |- |17 |FW !Layla Drury |12 June 2009 (aged 17) | | | Manchester United |- |18 |FW !Lily Dent |5 September 2006 (aged 20) | | | Sunderland |- |19 |FW !Jessie Gale |23 August 2006 (aged 20) | | | Newcastle United |- |20 |DF !Sacha Lewis |28 February 2008 (aged 18) | | | Manchester City |- |21 |GK !Eve Annets |19 March 2006 (aged 20) | | | Hibernian |} ==== Tanzania ==== Head coach: [[Bakari Shime]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Nusra Jafari |20 December 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |2 |DF !Neema Damas |16 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |3 |FW !Winfrida Gerald |26 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |4 |MF !Lidya Kabambo |27 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |5 |DF !Edina Makamba |5 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Tausi FC |- |6 |MF !Elizabeth Mwimi |23 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |7 |FW !Hasnath Ubamba |8 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |8 |FW !Mary Siyame |25 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |9 |FW !Bahati Kizanguzi |24 October 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Bunda Queens |- |10 |MF !Winfrida Mathias |20 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |11 |FW !Jamila Mnunduka |10 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |12 |DF !Asha Ramadhani |5 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |13 |MF !Alia Salum |1 September 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |14 |MF !Christer Bazil |17 September 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |15 |DF !Diana Mnally |11 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Yanga Princess |- |16 |DF !Ester Marwa |3 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |17 |DF !Veronica Mapunda |27 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Mashujaa Queens |- |18 |GK !Mariam Manyerere |12 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Bunda Queens |- |19 |DF !Milembe John |14 March 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Alliance Girls |- |20 |GK !Rhobi Ngeya |23 July 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 | Alliance Girls |- |21 |DF !Winfrida John |26 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Mashujaa Queens |} === Group C === ==== Ecuador ==== Head coach: [[Eduardo Moscoso]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Domenica Palacios |19 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Flamengo |- |2 |DF !Noemi Camacho |10 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |3 |DF !Maite Zambrano |13 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |4 |DF !Kathleen Mendoza |19 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |5 |MF !Evelyn Burgos |19 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |6 |DF !Scarlet Garaicoa |25 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |7 |MF !Maritxell Cazares |21 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |8 |MF !Fiorella Pico |10 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |9 |FW !Domenica Arboleda |25 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | AC Milan |- |10 |FW !Mary Guerra |7 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |11 |FW !Dariana Moran |29 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |12 |GK !Maria Rodriguez |28 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |13 |FW !Josenka Velez |4 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |14 |DF !Aireen Mogro |18 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |15 |MF !Karolina Villacis |19 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |16 |FW !Xiomara Alcivar |14 September 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |17 |MF !Erika Saltos |28 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |18 |MF !Rosa Flores |26 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |19 |DF !Rosa Estupinan |2 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |20 |FW !Emily Vargas |7 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |21 |GK !Dayarlin Alcivar |25 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |} ==== France ==== De final squad dem announce on 18 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fff.fr/article/17181-la-liste-pour-le-mondial-2026.html|title=La liste pour le Mondial 2026|trans-title=The squad for the 2026 World Cup|lang=fr|first=Vincent|last=Orsini|publisher=[[French Football Federation]]|date=18 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Philippe Joly (footballer)|Philippe Joly]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Alyssa Fernandes |1 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |2 |DF !Céleste Delcroix |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Saint-Étienne |- |3 |DF !Chiara Baylet |19 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |4 |DF !Juliane Denizot |15 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Nantes |- |5 |DF !Aude Bizet |14 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Fleury |- |6 |MF !Kenza Roche Dufour |3 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Paris FC |- |7 |MF !Clara Bertrand |1 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lens |- |8 |MF !Lina Gay |17 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |9 |FW !Célia Chabod |28 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |10 |FW !Ornella Graziani |19 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Paris Saint-Germain |- |11 |FW !Justine Rouquet |6 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |12 |MF !Romane Rafalski |3 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Lyon |- |13 |FW !Almudena Sierra |27 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Hamburger SV |- |14 |MF !Mariah Gueguen |18 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Parma |- |15 |MF !Landryna Lushimba Bilombi |14 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lens |- |16 |GK !Ceylin Yilmaz |9 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |17 |MF !Kadidia Traore |13 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Paris FC |- |18 |FW !Naomi Ekwalla |20 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Fleury |- |19 |FW !Naolia Traore |22 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Paris Saint-Germain |- |20 |MF !Louise Kleczewski |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | US Saint-Malo |- |21 |GK !Elisa Gautier |25 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Standard Liège |} ==== Ghana ==== Head coach: [[Charles Sampson (footballer)|Charles Sampson]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Najat Salam |10 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tamale Super Ladies |- |2 |DF !Salma Naazo |4 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Savannah Ladies |- |3 |MF !Latifa Musah |25 July 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sissamba Ladies |- |4 |DF !Diana Amoako |2 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ampem Darkoa Ladies |- |5 |DF !Rubby Osei |30 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Hasaacas Ladies |- |6 |MF !Latifa Abesik |2 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ampem Darkoa Ladies |- |7 |FW !Jackline Ntoso |11 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Epiphany Warriors |- |8 |MF !Esther Asamoah Yiadom |10 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Army Ladies |- |9 |FW !Priscilla Mensah |7 April 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sissamba Ladies |- |10 |FW !Ruth Amponsah |16 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Taft Rhinos |- |11 |FW !Angel Akanyirige |4 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Chicago State Cougars |- |12 |FW !Ivy Osei Owusu |9 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |13 |FW !Jennifer Dawah |10 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Epiphany Warriors |- |14 |DF !Alexandra Tay |1 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Stanford Cardinal |- |15 |DF !Margaret Agyapomaa |5 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Police Ladies |- |16 |GK !Precious Akanguwie |1 November 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Hearts of Oak |- |17 |MF !Sarah Nyarko |24 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |18 |FW !Agnes Yeboah |29 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Meizhou Hakka |- |19 |DF !Juliana Gyekyewaa |26 January 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Rootz Sistaz |- |20 |DF !Precious Asante |6 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |21 |GK !Ruth Agudu Sebbie |11 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Valued Girls |} ==== South Korea ==== De final squad dem announce on 11 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.starnewskorea.com/en/sports/2026/08/11/2026081111101092998|title=[Official] 'Challenging for Back-to-Back Round of 16' U20 Women's World Cup Final Roster Announced|author=Kim Myeong-seok|newspaper=[[Star News (South Korea)|Star News]]|date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Park Youn-jeong]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Jeong Da-hee |13 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Daeduk College |- |2 |DF !Yoon Ah-yeong |14 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dankook University |- |3 |DF !Cheon Si-woo |9 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |4 |DF !Jung Da-bin |4 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Uiduk University |- |5 |DF !Nam Seung-eun |10 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Bunnys Gunma FC White Star |- |6 |MF !Han Min-seo |22 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Korea University |- |7 |MF !Kim Yi-young |15 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |8 |MF !Jin Hye-rin |29 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Korea University |- |9 |FW !Lee Ha-eun |21 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |10 |FW !Lee Ha-eun |20 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Uiduk University |- |11 |FW !Jo Hye-young |18 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Madrid CFF |- |12 |MF !Park Ji-yu |6 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |13 |DF !Maeng Hui-jin |13 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Gangwon State University |- |14 |FW !Shin Jee-yun |18 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ulsan Hyundai HS |- |15 |FW !Park Ju-ha |10 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Daekyeung University |- |16 |MF !Choi Ju-hong |23 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Daekyeung University |- |17 |MF !Beom Ye-ju |12 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |18 |GK !Kim Chae-been |14 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Gwangyang Girls' HS |- |19 |FW !Kim Min-seo |24 August 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ulsan Hyundai HS |- |20 |MF !Baek Seo-yeong |16 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Gyeongnam Robot HS |- |21 |GK !Kim Gyu-rin |24 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |} === Group D === ==== Italy ==== A preliminary 26-player squad dem announce on 6 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.figc.it/it/nazionali/news/inizia-il-percorso-di-avvicinamento-al-mondiale-under-20-26-calciatrici-convocate-per-lo-stage-di-coverciano-atb3jh8e|title=Inizia il percorso di avvicinamento al Mondiale Under 20: 26 calciatrici convocate per lo stage di Coverciano|trans-title=The approach to the Under-20 World Cup begins: 26 players called up for the Coverciano stage|lang=it|publisher=[[Italian Football Federation]]|date=6 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Nicola Matteucci]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Elena Belli |10 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |2 |DF !Lidia Consolini |15 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |3 |DF !Caterina Venturelli |15 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sassuolo |- |4 |DF !Martina Cocino |27 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Aarau |- |5 |DF !Azzurra Gallo |20 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |6 |MF !Maya Cherubini |14 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Fiorentina |- |7 |FW !Giulia Galli |23 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Roma |- |8 |MF !Paola Fadda |5 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Sassuolo |- |9 |FW !Rosanna Ventriglia |13 December 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Ternana |- |10 |FW !Giada Pellegrino Cimò |7 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Roma |- |11 |FW !Karen Appiah |23 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cesena |- |12 |GK !Lavinia Tornaghi |22 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | AC Milan |- |13 |DF !Martina Tosello |26 December 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cesena |- |14 |MF !Sofia Testa |5 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ternana |- |15 |DF !Emma Lombardi |20 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Fiorentina |- |16 |DF !Martina Bressan |9 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |17 |MF !Marta Zamboni |5 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Como |- |18 |MF !Giada Catena |29 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Res Roma |- |19 |FW !Manuela Sciabica |19 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lazio |- |20 |FW !Gabriella Langella |15 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Napoli |- |21 |GK !Erica Di Nallo |5 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Vicenza |} ==== Japan ==== De final squad dem announce on 18 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jfa.jp/eng/news/00036632/|title=U-20 Japan Women's National Team squad & schedule - FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™ (8/25-9/29＠Poland)|publisher=[[Japan Football Association]]|date=18 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: {{ill|Akira Ijiri|ja|井尻明}} ==== New Zealand ==== De final squad dem announce on 17 August.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/football/new-zealand-under-20-womens-world-cup-squad-named-amid-boycott-threat-over-gianni-infantino-fifa-leadership/PUYIGBGKDFGTDHNACJ7VS5OM2E/|title=New Zealand Under-20 Women’s World Cup squad named amid boycott threat over Gianni Infantino Fifa leadership|first=Samuel|last=Sherry|date=18 August 2026|access-date=20 August 2026|newspaper=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|archive-date=19 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260819084426/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/football/new-zealand-under-20-womens-world-cup-squad-named-amid-boycott-threat-over-gianni-infantino-fifa-leadership/PUYIGBGKDFGTDHNACJ7VS5OM2E/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nzfootball.co.nz/newsarticle/169072?newsfeedId=1275608|title=New Zealand Names Squad for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup In Poland|date=17 August 2026|access-date=20 August 2026|website=[[New Zealand Football]]}}</ref> Head coach: [[Callum Holmes]] ==== United States ==== De final squad dem announce on 19 August 2026.<ref name="U.S. U-20 WNT Head Coach Vicky Jepson Names 21-Player Roster for 2026 FIFA Under-20 Women's World Cup in Poland">{{cite web |title=U.S. U-20 WNT Head Coach Vicky Jepson Names 21-Player Roster for 2026 FIFA Under-20 Women's World Cup in Poland |url=https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2026/08/ynt-u20-wnt/vicky-jepson-names-21-player-roster-u20-fifa-world-cup-poland |website=USSoccer.com |access-date=3 September 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Vicky Jepson]] == References == <references /> == External links == 159obu8un1zsezu4xcgt20gl7nauop6 112435 112433 2026-09-24T23:20:24Z DaSupremo 9 /* Japan */ Improve article 112435 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup''' (Polish: ''Mistrzostwa Świata FIFA U-20 Kobiet Polska 2026'') be de 12th edition of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, de biennial international women's youth football championship wey be contested by de under-20 national teams of de member associations of FIFA. Dem dey host am by Poland. E be de second time wey na Poland host a FIFA tournament having host de men's FIFA U-20 World Cup insyd 2019. E sanso be de first time wey Poland host a FIFA women's tournament.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/fifa-council/media-releases/fifa-council-appoints-chile-and-poland-as-hosts-of-fifa-youth-competitions|title=FIFA Council appoints Chile and Poland as hosts of FIFA youth competitions|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association|website=FIFA.com|access-date=17 December 2023|date=17 December 2023}}</ref> North Korea be de defending champions, na dem win a joint-record third title insyd 2024. ==Host selection== Na dem announce Poland as de 2026 Women's U-20 World Cup hosts following de FIFA Council meeting on 17 December 2023 insyd [[Jeddah]], [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Polska gospodarzem Mistrzostw Świata Kobiet U-20 w 2026 roku! |url=https://pzpn.pl/federacja/aktualnosci/2023-12-17/polska-gospodarzem-mistrzostw-swiata-kobiet-u-20-w-2026-roku |access-date=18 December 2023 |publisher=[[Polish Football Association]]|date=17 December 2023 |language=pl}}</ref> ==Teams== ===Qualification=== [[File:2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup qualified teams map.svg|thumb|430x430px|right|upright=1.5|{{legend|#0000ff|Teams qualified}}{{Legend|#ffcc00|Teams failed to qualify}}{{Legend|#000000|Teams withdrew or suspended}}{{legend|#cccccc|Did not enter}}{{Legend|#939393|Not a FIFA member}}]] A total of 24 teams qualify for de final tournament. In addition to Poland wey qualify automatically as hosts, de oda 23 teams qualify from six separate continental competitions. De slot allocation remain unchanged from de previous edition. * [[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]] (Asia): 4 slots * [[Confederation of African Football|CAF]] (Africa): 4 slots * [[CONCACAF]] (North, Central America den Caribbean): 4 slots * [[CONMEBOL]] (South America): 4 slots * [[Oceania Football Confederation|OFC]] (Oceania): 2 slots * [[UEFA]] (Europe): 6 slots (wey dey include hosts Poland) De host nations [[Poland women's national under-20 football team|Poland]], along plus [[Portugal women's national under-20 football team|Portugal]], [[New Caledonia women's national under-20 football team|New Caledonia]], [[Ecuador women's national under-20 football team|Ecuador]], [[Tanzania women's national under-20 football team|Tanzania]] den [[Benin women's national under-20 football team|Benin]] make dema debut at de U-20 Women's World Cup, plus New Caledonia den Benin make dema first appearance insyd a FIFA women's tournament. For de first time ever [[Germany women's national under-20 football team|Germany]] fail to qualify, having participated insyd all editions til [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]. {{clear}} {|class="wikitable sortable" |- !rowspan=2|Qualifying tournament !rowspan=2|Team !rowspan=2|Qualification date !colspan=4 data-sort-type="number"|Appearance(s) !rowspan=2|Previous best performance |- !{{Tooltip|Total|Including this edition}} !First !Last !{{abbr|Streak|Current consecutive appearances streak}} |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup]] |{{fbwu|20|CHN}} |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|4|11|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|7th|China's previous appearances came in 2004, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2014 and 2018.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]], [[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]]) |- |Japan |align="center"|{{abbr|9th|Japan's previous appearances came in 2002, 2008, 2010, 2012 (hosts), 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|5 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]]) |- |North Korea |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|4|12|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|9th|North Korea's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|2 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]], [[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]], [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |South Korea |align="center"|{{abbr|8th|South Korea's previous appearances came in 2004, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 African U-20 Women's World Cup qualification]] |Ghana |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|5|9|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|8th|Ghana's previous appearances came in 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|8 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} (''seven times'') |- |Nigeria |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|Nigeria's previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]]) |- |Benin |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|5|10|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Tanzania |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2025 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship]] |Canada |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|5|31|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|Canada's previous appearances came in 2002 (hosts), 2004, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2014 (hosts), 2016, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]]) |- |{{fbwu|20|MEX}} |align="center"|{{abbr|11th|Mexico's previous appearances came in 2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|10 |{{sort|08|Quarter-finals}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]], [[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |- |{{nowrap|{{fbwu|20|USA}}}} |align="center"|{{dts|2025|6|1|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|United States' previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]], [[2008 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2008]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]]) |- |Costa Rica |align="center"|{{dts|2025|6|3|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|5th|Costa Rica's previous appearances came in 2010, 2014, 2022 (hosts) and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]], [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 South American Under-20 Women's Football Championship|2026 South American U-20 Women's Championship]] |{{fbwu|20|BRA}} |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|2|22|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|Brazil's previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |- |Ecuador |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Argentina |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|2|28|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|5th|Argentina's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2012, and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|2 |{{sort|16|Round of 16}} ([[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |Colombia |align="center"|{{abbr|4th|Colombia's previous appearances came in 2010, 2022 and 2024 (hosts).}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|04|Fourth place}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=2|[[2025 OFC U-19 Women's Championship]] |New Caledonia |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|10|1|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |New Zealand |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|New Zealand's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|10 |{{sort|08|Quarter-finals}} ([[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]]) |- |align="center"|Host nation |Poland |align="center"|{{dts|2023|12|17|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |align="center" rowspan=5|[[2025 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship|2025 UEFA Women's U-19 Championship]] |France |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|6|18|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|France's previous appearances came in 2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2014, 2016, 2018 (hosts), 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|6 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]]) |- |{{fbwu|20|ITA}} |align="center"|{{abbr|3rd|Italy's previous appearances came in 2004 and 2012.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} ([[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]]) |- |England |align="center" rowspan=3|{{dts|2025|6|21|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|6th|England's previous appearances came in 2002, 2008, 2010, 2014 and 2018.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]]) |- |Portugal |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Spain |align="center"|{{abbr|6th|Spain's previous appearances came in 2004, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|5 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |} ===Draw=== De draw take place on 15 May 2026 at de EC1 Cultural Center insyd Łódź, Poland.<ref name="Draw">{{cite web|url=https://www.plus.fifa.com/en/content/draw-fifa-u-20-women-s-world-cup-poland-2026/0230b215-9fdf-4404-8b46-acfb65c3076a |title=Draw {{!}} FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association|accessdate=7 May 2026}}</ref> Na dem divide de 24 teams into four pots of 6, wey hosts Poland dem automatically place insyd Pot 1. Na de remaining teams be allocated according to a ranking based on performances insyd de last five editions of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, plus greater weight given to more recent tournaments. Teams from Pots 1 to 4 go be drawn into Groups A to F, wey dem empty each pot before moving to de next. Poland go be assigned to position A1, while de remaining Pot 1 teams go automatically occupy position 1 insyd Groups B to F. For each draw, a team ball go be drawn first, wey a group-position ball follow wey dey determine ein placement within de group. FIFA ein general principle be to avoid, whenever possible, having more dan one team from de same confederation insyd de same group. {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;white-space:nowrap" |+ Pots |- !rowspan=2|Pot !rowspan=2|Team !rowspan=2|Confederation ![[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]] ![[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]] ![[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] ![[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]] ![[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] !rowspan=2|Total<br />points |- !Points<br /><small>(20%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(40%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(60%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(80%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(100%)</small> |- |rowspan=6|1 |align=left|Poland '''(H)'''||UEFA||colspan=7|Host nation, dem automatically assign to Pot 1 |- |align=left|Japan||AFC||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4.8||9||10.4||18||'''42.2''' |- |align=left|Spain||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||7.8||12.8||12||'''35''' |- |align=left|North Korea||AFC||1.4||7.2||3.6||{{abbr|W|Withdrew}}||21||'''33.2''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|BRA}}||CONMEBOL||0.2||1.6||0.6||10.4||12||'''24.8''' |- |align=left|France||UEFA||2.6||4.4||6.6||5.6||4||'''23.2''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|2 |align=left|{{fbwu|20|USA}}||CONCACAF||1.4||3.2||2.4||2.4||13||'''22.4''' |- |align=left|Nigeria||CAF||2.6||2.4||2.4||7.2||6||'''20.6''' |- |align=left|Colombia||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4||13||'''17''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|MEX}}||CONCACAF||0.4||2.4||1.8||4||4||'''12.6''' |- |align=left|South Korea||AFC||1||1.2||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||4||'''8.6''' |- |align=left|England||UEFA||0.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||6.6||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''7''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|3 |align=left|Ghana||CAF||1.2||0.8||1.8||0||3||'''6.8''' |- |align=left|Canada||CONCACAF||1.2||0||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||0||4||'''5.2''' |- |align=left|New Zealand||OFC||1.2||1.2||0.6||1.6||0||'''4.6''' |- |align=left|Argentina||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4||'''4''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|CHN}}||AFC||0.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''2.8''' |- |align=left|Costa Rica||CONCACAF||0||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||0||0||'''0''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|4 |align=left|{{fbwu|20|ITA}}||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Portugal||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Ecuador||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Benin||CAF||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Tanzania||CAF||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|New Caledonia||OFC||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |} ==Venues== Na [[Łódź]], [[Katowice]], [[Sosnowiec]], den [[Bielsko-Biała]] be de cities dem nominate to host de competition on 8 May 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dziennikzachodni.pl/mistrzostwa-swiata-w-pilce-noznej-kobiet-u-20-w-katowicach-sosnowcu-lodzi-oraz-w-tychach-lub-bielsku-bialej/ar/c2p2-27563001 |title=Mistrzostwa świata w piłce nożnej kobiet U-20 w Katowicach, Sosnowcu, Łodzi oraz w Tychach lub Bielsku-Białej |date=8 May 2025 |access-date=9 May 2025|website=dziennikzachodni.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem be de official venues wey FIFA announce insyd 6 September 2025.<ref name="Emblem2">{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=One-year countdown to FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™: Host Cities and Official Brand revealed |url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/one-year-countdown-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-host-cities-official-brand |access-date=6 September 2025 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> {{OSM Location map | coord = {{coord|50.7|19.2}} | zoom = 7 | width = 400 | height = 400 | mark-size1 = 16 | shape1 = n-circle | caption = Location of de host cities of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland.<div style="font-size:80%">{{col-begin}}{{Col-3}}{{Ubl | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|1|blue}} [[Łódź]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|2|blue}} [[Katowice]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|3|blue}} [[Sosnowiec]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|4|blue}} [[Bielsko-Biała]] }}{{col-end}}</div> | mark-coord1 = {{Coord|51.7769|19.4547}} | shape-color1 = blue | mark-title1 = [[Łódź]] | mark-description1 = [[Władysław Król Municipal Stadium]] | mark-coord2 = {{Coord|50.2625|19.0217}} | shape-color2 = blue | mark-title2 = [[Katowice]] | mark-description2 = [[Arena Katowice]] | mark-coord3 = {{Coord|50.2518|18.9747}} | shape-color3 = blue | mark-title3 = [[Sosnowiec]] | mark-description3 = [[Zagłębie Sports Park]] | mark-coord4 = {{Coord|49.8225|19.0444}} | shape-color4 = blue | mark-title4 = [[Bielsko-Biała]] | mark-description4 = [[Bielsko-Biała Stadium]] }} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup venues |- !|[[Łódź]] !|[[Katowice]] |- | [[Władysław Król Municipal Stadium|Stadion ŁKS]] | [[Arena Katowice]] |- | Capacity: '''18,029''' | Capacity: '''15,048''' |- ! [[File:Lodz stadion LKS.jpg|200px]] ! [[File:2025-04 Katowice stadion Arena Katowice (46).jpg|200px]] |- ! [[Sosnowiec]] ! [[Bielsko-Biała]] |- | [[Zagłębie Sports Park]] | [[Bielsko-Biała Stadium|Stadion w Bielsku-Białej]] |- | Capacity: '''11,600''' | Capacity: '''15,316''' |- ! [[File:ArcelorMittal Park.jpg|200px]] ! [[File:Stadion Miejski Bielsko-Biała trybuna wschodnia February 2015.jpg|200px]] |- |} ==Marketing== ===Emblem=== Na de official emblem be revealed on 6 September 2025.<ref name="Emblem">{{cite web|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/one-year-countdown-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-host-cities-official-brand |title=One-year countdown to FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™: Host Cities and Official Brand revealed |date=6 September 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> === Theme song === De official song be titled "Yeyeyo" wey Blanka perform. Na de song be released on 7 August 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Official song for the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™ out now |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/womens/u20womensworldcup/poland-2026/articles/official-song-poland-2026-out-now |access-date=2026-08-20 |website=www.fifa.com}}</ref> === Mascot === De tournament ein mascot be called "Islana". De mascot dey represent spirits from Slavic mythology den shaped after a rusalka. Na dem unveil am on 5 May 2026.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/islana-mascot-fifa-u20-womens-world-cup-2026 |title=Islana™ unveiled as FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup 2026™ mascot|date=5 May 2026 |access-date=7 May 2026|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> ==Squads== === Group A === ==== Argentina ==== Head coach: Christian Meloni {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Priscila Siben |3 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Banfield |- |2 |FW !Alma Velasco Heim |13 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Levante |- |3 |MF !Carolina Ceniza |12 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |4 |DF !Sofia Quiroga |15 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |5 |MF !Agustina Maldonado |19 March 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |6 |DF !Julia Vinhas |27 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Platense |- |7 |FW !Julieta Aguilar |29 July 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 |Newell's Old Boys |- |8 |MF !Julieta Martínez |3 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |9 |FW !Mercedes Diz |24 February 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |10 |MF !Brisa Jara |14 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Talleres |- |11 |MF !Dolo Delgado |17 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Atlético Madrid |- |12 |GK !Juana Schipper |14 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Talleres |- |13 |MF !Luzmila Ramirez |25 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |14 |DF !Luisana Araya |4 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Belgrano |- |15 |MF !Morena Calvo |29 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |16 |DF !Camila Ochoa |28 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Independiente |- |17 |FW !Violeta Alvarez |28 April 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |18 |FW !Pia Alvarez |31 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Independiente |- |19 |FW !Annika Paz |16 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |4 |Inter Milan |- |20 |FW !Giselle White |29 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Santa Rosa United |- |21 |GK !Naila Zaninetti |26 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Unión |} ==== Benin ==== Head coach: Ouzérou Abdoulaye {| class="wikitable sortable" ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Larissa Saizonou |21 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | UMSA |- |2 |DF !Mistourath Seibou |14 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |AS Gamia |- |3 |DF !Laura Abikou |26 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |4 |DF !Jocelyne Tetchri |30 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |AS Gamia |- |5 |DF !Assanatou Alassane |1 January 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | AS Cotonou |- |6 |MF !Hermionne Lokossou |29 July 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |AS Lagarde |- |7 |FW !Romaine Gandonou |13 November 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 |AS Tambours FC |- |8 |MF !Mouibath Awena |20 December 2009 (aged 16) |0 |0 |Goutchira Omnisport |- |9 |MF !Rakibatou Sabi Manin |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |AKSP |- |10 |MF !Yasminath Djibril |13 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Aïnonvi FC |- |11 |MF !Angela Gbadessi |5 January 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 |AS Cotonou |- |12 |DF !Deo-Gratias Ebi |13 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |13 |MF !Pierrette Chigblo |16 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Dynamique FC |- |14 |FW !Hosane Soukou |23 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |NSU Demons |- |15 |MF !Fidele Toudonou |19 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |16 |GK !Esther Ogoudare |13 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Espoir FC |- |17 |DF !Estelle Vidinhouede |19 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | UMSA |- |18 |MF !Joelle Kpadonou |15 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Mogbwemo Queens FC |- |19 |FW !Germaine Honfo |24 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Club Municipal Laayoune FF |- |20 |DF !Nailatou Sadikou |2 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |1. FSV Mainz 05 |- |21 |GK !Nadiath Salifou |22 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |AS Cotonou |} ==== Mexico ==== De final squad dem announce on 17 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.foxsports.com.mx/2026/08/17/las-elegidas-seleccion-mexicana-femenil-da-su-lista-final-para-el-mundial-sub-20-de-polonia/|title=¡Las elegidas! Selección Mexicana Femenil da su lista final para el Mundial Sub 20 de Polonia|trans-title=The chosen ones! The Mexican Women's National Team announces its final roster for the U-20 World Cup in Poland|lang=es|publisher=[[Fox Sports (Mexico)|Fox Sports]]|date=17 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: {{flagicon|BRA}} Dorival Bueno {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Mariangela Medina |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |UCLA Bruins |- |2 |DF !Michel Fong |2 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tijuana |- |3 |DF !Natalia Muñoz |10 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |4 |DF !Berenice Ibarra |24 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Pachuca |- |5 |DF !Ana Torres |9 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Atlante |- |6 |MF !Julia Valadez |6 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Pachuca |- |7 |DF !Maria Gonzalez |9 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |8 |MF !Abril Fragoso |15 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Pachuca |- |9 |FW !Deiry Ramirez |30 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tigres UANL |- |10 |FW !Alice Soto |26 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Monterrey |- |11 |MF !Monique Montes |30 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Monterrey |- |12 |GK !Camila Vazquez |17 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Atlas |- |13 |DF !Ashlee Mora |11 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | UTEP Miners |- |14 |MF !Alexa Soto |20 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |15 |DF !Mia Villalpando |10 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |16 |MF !Noemi Villalobos |5 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Atlas |- |17 |FW !Jalen Chaney |1 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Creighton Bluejays |- |18 |DF !Arantza Segura |3 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |19 |FW !Montserrat Saldivar |20 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |20 |DF !Alexa Martinez |31 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Pachuca |- |21 |GK !Valentina Murrieta |22 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |América |} ==== Poland ==== De final squad dem announce on 10 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web |title=[MŚ WU-20] Powołania do reprezentacji Polski na turniej finałowy |url=https://www.pzpn.pl/reprezentacje/reprezentacje-kobiece/reprezentacja-u-19/aktualnosci/2026-08-10/ms-wu-20-powolania-do-reprezentacji-polski-na-turniej-finalowy |website=pzpn.pl |language=pl |date=10 August 2026 |access-date=2026-08-30 |archive-date=2026-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260828032827/https://www.pzpn.pl/reprezentacje/reprezentacje-kobiece/reprezentacja-u-19/aktualnosci/2026-08-10/ms-wu-20-powolania-do-reprezentacji-polski-na-turniej-finalowy |url-status=live }}</ref> Head coach: Marcin Kasprowicz {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Julia Woźniak |15 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Sporting CP |- |2 |DF !Oliwia Łapińska |9 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Czarni Sosnowiec |- |3 |FW !Oliwia Związek |22 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Lech Poznań UAM |- |4 |DF !Magda Piekarska |9 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Roma |- |5 |DF !Emilia Sobierajska |22 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Czarni Sosnowiec |- |6 |DF !Iga Witkowska |27 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Czarni Sosnowiec |- |7 |MF !Krystyna Flis |4 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Basel |- |8 |MF !Zuzanna Witek |19 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | HB Køge |- |9 |FW !Julia Gutowska |17 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | HB Køge |- |10 |MF !Maja Zielińska |11 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Legia Warsaw |- |11 |MF !Oliwia Zgoda |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Czarni Sosnowiec |- |12 |GK !Zuzanna Błaszczyk |17 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Śląsk Wrocław |- |13 |DF !Zofia Pągowska |25 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | UKS SMS Łódź |- |14 |DF !Jagoda Cyraniak |23 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Marseille |- |15 |FW !Weronika Araśniewicz |15 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | VfL Wolfsburg |- |16 |FW !Zuzanna Grzywińska |23 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |1. FC Nürnberg |- |17 |MF !Lena Świrska |19 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Pogoń Szczecin |- |18 |DF !Martyna Bartczak |25 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UKS SMS Łódź |- |19 |FW !Kinga Wyrwas |21 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Sassuolo |- |20 |MF !Inez Sikora |23 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Górnik Łęczna |- |21 |GK !Hanna Wieczerzak |29 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Real Madrid |} === Group B === ==== Brazil ==== De final squad dem announce on 19 August 2026.<ref name="Camilla Orlando convoca Seleção Feminina Sub-20 para Copa do Mundo">{{cite web |title=Camilla Orlando convoca Seleção Feminina Sub-20 para Copa do Mundo |url=https://www.cbf.com.br/selecao-brasileira/noticias/selecao-feminina-sub-20/a/camilla-orlando-convoca-selecao-feminina-sub-20-para-copa-do-mundo |website=CBF.com.br |access-date=3 September 2026 |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Head coach: [[Camilla Orlando]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Thaís Lima |11 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Benfica |- |2 |DF !Thaynara |20 March 2006 (aged 20) |11 |1 | Botafogo |- |3 |DF !Sofia Couto |2 August 2007 (aged 19) |10 |0 | Flamengo |- |4 |DF !Ana Beatriz |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |7 |0 | São Paulo |- |5 |MF !Emilly Lucas |11 February 2007 (aged 19) |6 |0 | Flamengo |- |6 |DF !Bianca |17 May 2006 (aged 20) |9 |0 | Internacional |- |7 |MF !Gisele |20 May 2007 (aged 19) |22 |4 | Grêmio |- |8 |MF !Nogueira |20 January 2008 (aged 18) |8 |3 | Ferroviária |- |9 |FW !Brendha |17 December 2006 (aged 19) |11 |4 | Flamengo |- |10 |MF !Vitorinha |20 November 2006 (aged 19) |9 |4 | São Paulo |- |11 |MF !Dudinha |27 January 2006 (aged 20) |9 |1 | Ferroviária |- |12 |GK !Eluiza |8 June 2006 (aged 20) |10 |0 | São Paulo |- |13 |MF !Dulce |28 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Corinthians |- |14 |MF !Kaylane |8 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Flamengo |- |15 |FW !Gio Canali |12 February 2006 (aged 20) |8 |0 | Virginia Cavaliers |- |16 |MF !Clarinha |16 January 2006 (aged 20) |9 |3 | Benfica |- |17 |FW !Evelin |8 April 2008 (aged 18) |10 |4 | Santos |- |18 |FW !Carioca |26 February 2006 (aged 20) |7 |2 | Fluminense |- |19 |FW !Tainá |30 November 2006 (aged 19) |9 |2 | Ferroviária |- |20 |MF !Aninha |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Internacional |- |21 |GK !Ana Morganti |30 November 2008 (aged 17) |1 |0 |Corinthians |} ==== Canada ==== De final squad dem announce on 20 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.canadasoccer.com/canada-soccer-announces-21-player-squad-for-fifa-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-2026|title=CANW20 Roster Unveiled for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™|publisher=[[Canada Soccer Association]]|date=20 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Cindy Tye]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Noelle Henning |4 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Michigan State Spartans |- |2 |DF !Inès Nourani |18 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | UConn Huskies |- |3 |DF !Iba Oching |28 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |4 |DF !Janet Okeke |1 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | NC State Wolfpack |- |5 |DF !Stephanie Schoeley |20 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Providence Friars |- |6 |MF !Olivia Chisholm |5 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | AFC Toronto |- |7 |MF !Teegan Melenhorst |31 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Miami Hurricanes |- |8 |MF !Jeneva Hernandez Gray |5 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Sporting CP |- |9 |FW !Annabelle Chukwu |8 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Notre Dame Fighting Irish |- |10 |FW !Kaylee Hunter |22 January 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | AFC Toronto |- |11 |FW !Léa Larouche |20 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |12 |DF !Jadea Collin |29 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Wisconsin Badgers |- |13 |FW !Emma Yee |28 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Illinois Fighting Illini |- |14 |DF !Chloe Taylor |2 September 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Auburn Tigers |- |15 |DF !Bridget Mutipula |5 August 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Florida State Seminoles |- |16 |MF !Noelle Sather |2 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Baylor Bears |- |17 |FW !Liana Tarasco |14 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |18 |GK !Khadijah Cissé |18 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |19 |FW !Sariyah Bailey |17 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |LSU Tigers |- |20 |MF !Sienna Gibson |18 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UBC Thunderbirds |- |21 |GK !Madison London |22 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |New Mexico Lobos |} ==== England ==== De final squad dem announce on on 21 August 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McHugh |first=Beth |date=21 August 2026 |title=England WU20s squad named for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Aug/21/england-wu20s-squad-announced-for-wu20-world-cup-20260821 |access-date=21 August 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> On 30 August 2026, na dem announce say [[Lauryn Thompson]] withdraw from de tournament squad secof injury; she be replaced by [[Layla Drury]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 August 2026 |title=Drury steps into WU20s World Cup squad |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Aug/30/england-wu20s-world-cup-squad-update-20263008 |access-date=30 August 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> On 4 September 2026, [[Erica Meg Parkinson]] withdraw to remain plus ein club North Carolina Courage; she be replaced by [[Vivienne Lia]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2026 |title=Vivienne Lia called into WU20 World Cup squad |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Sep/04/Vivienne-Lia-called-to-WU20-World-Cup-squad |access-date=4 September 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> Head coach: [[Lydia Bedford]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Katie Cox |28 April 2006 (aged 20) | | | Nottingham Forest |- |2 |DF !Ria Bose |7 February 2006 (aged 20) | | | West Ham United |- |3 |DF !Chloe Sarwie |19 December 2008 (aged 17) | | | Chelsea |- |4 |MF !May Cruft |6 September 2009 (aged 16) | | | Rangers |- |5 |DF !Zara Shaw |6 June 2007 (aged 19) | | | Liverpool |- |6 |DF !Cecily Wellesley-Smith |4 January 2007 (aged 19) | | | Rosengård |- |7 |MF !Eleanor Klinger |4 November 2006 (aged 19) | | | Stanford Cardinal |- |8 |FW !Vivienne Lia |27 September 2006 (aged 19) | | | Eintracht Frankfurt |- |9 |FW !Princess Ademiluyi |14 July 2006 (aged 20) | | | Ipswich Town |- |10 |MF !Lola Brown |31 October 2007 (aged 18) | | | Chelsea |- |11 |MF !Vera Jones |18 February 2008 (aged 18) | | | Watford |- |12 |DF !Rachel Maltby |25 March 2007 (aged 19) | | | Aston Villa |- |13 |GK !Kaiya Jota |25 August 2006 (aged 19) | | | Stanford Cardinal |- |14 |MF !Chloe Hylton |25 April 2007 (aged 19) | | | Carolina Ascent |- |15 |DF !Lucy Newell |2 October 2006 (aged 19) | | | Manchester United |- |16 |FW !Eva Hendle |30 April 2008 (aged 18) | | | Rangers |- |17 |FW !Layla Drury |12 June 2009 (aged 17) | | | Manchester United |- |18 |FW !Lily Dent |5 September 2006 (aged 20) | | | Sunderland |- |19 |FW !Jessie Gale |23 August 2006 (aged 20) | | | Newcastle United |- |20 |DF !Sacha Lewis |28 February 2008 (aged 18) | | | Manchester City |- |21 |GK !Eve Annets |19 March 2006 (aged 20) | | | Hibernian |} ==== Tanzania ==== Head coach: [[Bakari Shime]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Nusra Jafari |20 December 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |2 |DF !Neema Damas |16 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |3 |FW !Winfrida Gerald |26 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |4 |MF !Lidya Kabambo |27 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |5 |DF !Edina Makamba |5 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Tausi FC |- |6 |MF !Elizabeth Mwimi |23 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |7 |FW !Hasnath Ubamba |8 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |8 |FW !Mary Siyame |25 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |9 |FW !Bahati Kizanguzi |24 October 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Bunda Queens |- |10 |MF !Winfrida Mathias |20 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |11 |FW !Jamila Mnunduka |10 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |12 |DF !Asha Ramadhani |5 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |13 |MF !Alia Salum |1 September 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |14 |MF !Christer Bazil |17 September 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |15 |DF !Diana Mnally |11 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Yanga Princess |- |16 |DF !Ester Marwa |3 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |17 |DF !Veronica Mapunda |27 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Mashujaa Queens |- |18 |GK !Mariam Manyerere |12 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Bunda Queens |- |19 |DF !Milembe John |14 March 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Alliance Girls |- |20 |GK !Rhobi Ngeya |23 July 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 | Alliance Girls |- |21 |DF !Winfrida John |26 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Mashujaa Queens |} === Group C === ==== Ecuador ==== Head coach: [[Eduardo Moscoso]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Domenica Palacios |19 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Flamengo |- |2 |DF !Noemi Camacho |10 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |3 |DF !Maite Zambrano |13 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |4 |DF !Kathleen Mendoza |19 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |5 |MF !Evelyn Burgos |19 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |6 |DF !Scarlet Garaicoa |25 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |7 |MF !Maritxell Cazares |21 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |8 |MF !Fiorella Pico |10 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |9 |FW !Domenica Arboleda |25 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | AC Milan |- |10 |FW !Mary Guerra |7 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |11 |FW !Dariana Moran |29 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |12 |GK !Maria Rodriguez |28 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |13 |FW !Josenka Velez |4 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |14 |DF !Aireen Mogro |18 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |15 |MF !Karolina Villacis |19 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |16 |FW !Xiomara Alcivar |14 September 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |17 |MF !Erika Saltos |28 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |18 |MF !Rosa Flores |26 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |19 |DF !Rosa Estupinan |2 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |20 |FW !Emily Vargas |7 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |21 |GK !Dayarlin Alcivar |25 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |} ==== France ==== De final squad dem announce on 18 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fff.fr/article/17181-la-liste-pour-le-mondial-2026.html|title=La liste pour le Mondial 2026|trans-title=The squad for the 2026 World Cup|lang=fr|first=Vincent|last=Orsini|publisher=[[French Football Federation]]|date=18 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Philippe Joly (footballer)|Philippe Joly]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Alyssa Fernandes |1 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |2 |DF !Céleste Delcroix |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Saint-Étienne |- |3 |DF !Chiara Baylet |19 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |4 |DF !Juliane Denizot |15 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Nantes |- |5 |DF !Aude Bizet |14 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Fleury |- |6 |MF !Kenza Roche Dufour |3 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Paris FC |- |7 |MF !Clara Bertrand |1 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lens |- |8 |MF !Lina Gay |17 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |9 |FW !Célia Chabod |28 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |10 |FW !Ornella Graziani |19 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Paris Saint-Germain |- |11 |FW !Justine Rouquet |6 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |12 |MF !Romane Rafalski |3 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Lyon |- |13 |FW !Almudena Sierra |27 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Hamburger SV |- |14 |MF !Mariah Gueguen |18 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Parma |- |15 |MF !Landryna Lushimba Bilombi |14 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lens |- |16 |GK !Ceylin Yilmaz |9 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |17 |MF !Kadidia Traore |13 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Paris FC |- |18 |FW !Naomi Ekwalla |20 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Fleury |- |19 |FW !Naolia Traore |22 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Paris Saint-Germain |- |20 |MF !Louise Kleczewski |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | US Saint-Malo |- |21 |GK !Elisa Gautier |25 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Standard Liège |} ==== Ghana ==== Head coach: [[Charles Sampson (footballer)|Charles Sampson]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Najat Salam |10 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tamale Super Ladies |- |2 |DF !Salma Naazo |4 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Savannah Ladies |- |3 |MF !Latifa Musah |25 July 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sissamba Ladies |- |4 |DF !Diana Amoako |2 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ampem Darkoa Ladies |- |5 |DF !Rubby Osei |30 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Hasaacas Ladies |- |6 |MF !Latifa Abesik |2 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ampem Darkoa Ladies |- |7 |FW !Jackline Ntoso |11 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Epiphany Warriors |- |8 |MF !Esther Asamoah Yiadom |10 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Army Ladies |- |9 |FW !Priscilla Mensah |7 April 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sissamba Ladies |- |10 |FW !Ruth Amponsah |16 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Taft Rhinos |- |11 |FW !Angel Akanyirige |4 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Chicago State Cougars |- |12 |FW !Ivy Osei Owusu |9 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |13 |FW !Jennifer Dawah |10 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Epiphany Warriors |- |14 |DF !Alexandra Tay |1 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Stanford Cardinal |- |15 |DF !Margaret Agyapomaa |5 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Police Ladies |- |16 |GK !Precious Akanguwie |1 November 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Hearts of Oak |- |17 |MF !Sarah Nyarko |24 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |18 |FW !Agnes Yeboah |29 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Meizhou Hakka |- |19 |DF !Juliana Gyekyewaa |26 January 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Rootz Sistaz |- |20 |DF !Precious Asante |6 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |21 |GK !Ruth Agudu Sebbie |11 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Valued Girls |} ==== South Korea ==== De final squad dem announce on 11 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.starnewskorea.com/en/sports/2026/08/11/2026081111101092998|title=[Official] 'Challenging for Back-to-Back Round of 16' U20 Women's World Cup Final Roster Announced|author=Kim Myeong-seok|newspaper=[[Star News (South Korea)|Star News]]|date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Park Youn-jeong]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Jeong Da-hee |13 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Daeduk College |- |2 |DF !Yoon Ah-yeong |14 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dankook University |- |3 |DF !Cheon Si-woo |9 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |4 |DF !Jung Da-bin |4 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Uiduk University |- |5 |DF !Nam Seung-eun |10 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Bunnys Gunma FC White Star |- |6 |MF !Han Min-seo |22 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Korea University |- |7 |MF !Kim Yi-young |15 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |8 |MF !Jin Hye-rin |29 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Korea University |- |9 |FW !Lee Ha-eun |21 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |10 |FW !Lee Ha-eun |20 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Uiduk University |- |11 |FW !Jo Hye-young |18 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Madrid CFF |- |12 |MF !Park Ji-yu |6 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |13 |DF !Maeng Hui-jin |13 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Gangwon State University |- |14 |FW !Shin Jee-yun |18 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ulsan Hyundai HS |- |15 |FW !Park Ju-ha |10 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Daekyeung University |- |16 |MF !Choi Ju-hong |23 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Daekyeung University |- |17 |MF !Beom Ye-ju |12 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |18 |GK !Kim Chae-been |14 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Gwangyang Girls' HS |- |19 |FW !Kim Min-seo |24 August 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ulsan Hyundai HS |- |20 |MF !Baek Seo-yeong |16 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Gyeongnam Robot HS |- |21 |GK !Kim Gyu-rin |24 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |} === Group D === ==== Italy ==== A preliminary 26-player squad dem announce on 6 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.figc.it/it/nazionali/news/inizia-il-percorso-di-avvicinamento-al-mondiale-under-20-26-calciatrici-convocate-per-lo-stage-di-coverciano-atb3jh8e|title=Inizia il percorso di avvicinamento al Mondiale Under 20: 26 calciatrici convocate per lo stage di Coverciano|trans-title=The approach to the Under-20 World Cup begins: 26 players called up for the Coverciano stage|lang=it|publisher=[[Italian Football Federation]]|date=6 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Nicola Matteucci]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Elena Belli |10 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |2 |DF !Lidia Consolini |15 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |3 |DF !Caterina Venturelli |15 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sassuolo |- |4 |DF !Martina Cocino |27 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Aarau |- |5 |DF !Azzurra Gallo |20 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |6 |MF !Maya Cherubini |14 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Fiorentina |- |7 |FW !Giulia Galli |23 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Roma |- |8 |MF !Paola Fadda |5 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Sassuolo |- |9 |FW !Rosanna Ventriglia |13 December 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Ternana |- |10 |FW !Giada Pellegrino Cimò |7 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Roma |- |11 |FW !Karen Appiah |23 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cesena |- |12 |GK !Lavinia Tornaghi |22 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | AC Milan |- |13 |DF !Martina Tosello |26 December 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cesena |- |14 |MF !Sofia Testa |5 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ternana |- |15 |DF !Emma Lombardi |20 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Fiorentina |- |16 |DF !Martina Bressan |9 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |17 |MF !Marta Zamboni |5 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Como |- |18 |MF !Giada Catena |29 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Res Roma |- |19 |FW !Manuela Sciabica |19 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lazio |- |20 |FW !Gabriella Langella |15 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Napoli |- |21 |GK !Erica Di Nallo |5 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Vicenza |} ==== Japan ==== De final squad dem announce on 18 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jfa.jp/eng/news/00036632/|title=U-20 Japan Women's National Team squad & schedule - FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™ (8/25-9/29＠Poland)|publisher=[[Japan Football Association]]|date=18 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: {{ill|Akira Ijiri|ja|井尻明}} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Uruha Iwasaki |13 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Nojima Stella Kanagawa |- |2 |DF !Yuna Aoki |7 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |3 |DF !Tamami Aso |26 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |4 |DF !Mitsuki Ota |20 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | INAC Kobe Leonessa |- |5 |MF !Yura Honda |1 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Nittaidai FC Ladies |- |6 |MF !Asako Furuta |23 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Tezukayama Gakuin University |- |7 |MF !Miyu Matsunaga |8 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |8 |MF !Rinka Higuchi |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Chifure AS Elfen Saitama |- |9 |FW !Natsumi Tago |5 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Cerezo Osaka Yanmar |- |10 |FW !Miku Matsuzawa |9 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Kanagawa University |- |11 |FW !Anon Tsuda |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Mynavi Sendai |- |12 |GK !Hinaha Ishida |28 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Sanfrecce Hiroshima Regina |- |13 |MF !Noa Fukushima |12 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | JFA Academy Fukushima |- |14 |MF !Miharu Shinjo |5 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |15 |DF !Haruko Suzuki |11 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Nittaidai FC Ladies |- |16 |DF !Hibari Hara |17 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Chifure AS Elfen Saitama |- |17 |DF !Momoka Sano |17 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JFA Academy Fukushima |- |18 |DF !Mone Sato |15 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | RB Omiya Ardija |- |19 |MF !Yuka Kurimoto |9 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Tsukuba University |- |20 |MF !Konoha Nakamura |27 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cerezo Osaka Yanmar |- |21 |GK !Sako Nawa |29 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Cerezo Osaka Yanmar |} ==== New Zealand ==== De final squad dem announce on 17 August.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/football/new-zealand-under-20-womens-world-cup-squad-named-amid-boycott-threat-over-gianni-infantino-fifa-leadership/PUYIGBGKDFGTDHNACJ7VS5OM2E/|title=New Zealand Under-20 Women’s World Cup squad named amid boycott threat over Gianni Infantino Fifa leadership|first=Samuel|last=Sherry|date=18 August 2026|access-date=20 August 2026|newspaper=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|archive-date=19 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260819084426/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/football/new-zealand-under-20-womens-world-cup-squad-named-amid-boycott-threat-over-gianni-infantino-fifa-leadership/PUYIGBGKDFGTDHNACJ7VS5OM2E/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nzfootball.co.nz/newsarticle/169072?newsfeedId=1275608|title=New Zealand Names Squad for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup In Poland|date=17 August 2026|access-date=20 August 2026|website=[[New Zealand Football]]}}</ref> Head coach: [[Callum Holmes]] ==== United States ==== De final squad dem announce on 19 August 2026.<ref name="U.S. U-20 WNT Head Coach Vicky Jepson Names 21-Player Roster for 2026 FIFA Under-20 Women's World Cup in Poland">{{cite web |title=U.S. U-20 WNT Head Coach Vicky Jepson Names 21-Player Roster for 2026 FIFA Under-20 Women's World Cup in Poland |url=https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2026/08/ynt-u20-wnt/vicky-jepson-names-21-player-roster-u20-fifa-world-cup-poland |website=USSoccer.com |access-date=3 September 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Vicky Jepson]] == References == <references /> == External links == kiz90rvk22c60vinz0ks0jo4xwas4nn 112445 112435 2026-09-24T23:45:59Z DaSupremo 9 /* New Zealand */ Improve article 112445 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup''' (Polish: ''Mistrzostwa Świata FIFA U-20 Kobiet Polska 2026'') be de 12th edition of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, de biennial international women's youth football championship wey be contested by de under-20 national teams of de member associations of FIFA. Dem dey host am by Poland. E be de second time wey na Poland host a FIFA tournament having host de men's FIFA U-20 World Cup insyd 2019. E sanso be de first time wey Poland host a FIFA women's tournament.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/fifa-council/media-releases/fifa-council-appoints-chile-and-poland-as-hosts-of-fifa-youth-competitions|title=FIFA Council appoints Chile and Poland as hosts of FIFA youth competitions|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association|website=FIFA.com|access-date=17 December 2023|date=17 December 2023}}</ref> North Korea be de defending champions, na dem win a joint-record third title insyd 2024. ==Host selection== Na dem announce Poland as de 2026 Women's U-20 World Cup hosts following de FIFA Council meeting on 17 December 2023 insyd [[Jeddah]], [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Polska gospodarzem Mistrzostw Świata Kobiet U-20 w 2026 roku! |url=https://pzpn.pl/federacja/aktualnosci/2023-12-17/polska-gospodarzem-mistrzostw-swiata-kobiet-u-20-w-2026-roku |access-date=18 December 2023 |publisher=[[Polish Football Association]]|date=17 December 2023 |language=pl}}</ref> ==Teams== ===Qualification=== [[File:2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup qualified teams map.svg|thumb|430x430px|right|upright=1.5|{{legend|#0000ff|Teams qualified}}{{Legend|#ffcc00|Teams failed to qualify}}{{Legend|#000000|Teams withdrew or suspended}}{{legend|#cccccc|Did not enter}}{{Legend|#939393|Not a FIFA member}}]] A total of 24 teams qualify for de final tournament. In addition to Poland wey qualify automatically as hosts, de oda 23 teams qualify from six separate continental competitions. De slot allocation remain unchanged from de previous edition. * [[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]] (Asia): 4 slots * [[Confederation of African Football|CAF]] (Africa): 4 slots * [[CONCACAF]] (North, Central America den Caribbean): 4 slots * [[CONMEBOL]] (South America): 4 slots * [[Oceania Football Confederation|OFC]] (Oceania): 2 slots * [[UEFA]] (Europe): 6 slots (wey dey include hosts Poland) De host nations [[Poland women's national under-20 football team|Poland]], along plus [[Portugal women's national under-20 football team|Portugal]], [[New Caledonia women's national under-20 football team|New Caledonia]], [[Ecuador women's national under-20 football team|Ecuador]], [[Tanzania women's national under-20 football team|Tanzania]] den [[Benin women's national under-20 football team|Benin]] make dema debut at de U-20 Women's World Cup, plus New Caledonia den Benin make dema first appearance insyd a FIFA women's tournament. For de first time ever [[Germany women's national under-20 football team|Germany]] fail to qualify, having participated insyd all editions til [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]. {{clear}} {|class="wikitable sortable" |- !rowspan=2|Qualifying tournament !rowspan=2|Team !rowspan=2|Qualification date !colspan=4 data-sort-type="number"|Appearance(s) !rowspan=2|Previous best performance |- !{{Tooltip|Total|Including this edition}} !First !Last !{{abbr|Streak|Current consecutive appearances streak}} |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup]] |{{fbwu|20|CHN}} |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|4|11|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|7th|China's previous appearances came in 2004, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2014 and 2018.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]], [[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]]) |- |Japan |align="center"|{{abbr|9th|Japan's previous appearances came in 2002, 2008, 2010, 2012 (hosts), 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|5 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]]) |- |North Korea |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|4|12|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|9th|North Korea's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|2 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]], [[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]], [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |South Korea |align="center"|{{abbr|8th|South Korea's previous appearances came in 2004, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 African U-20 Women's World Cup qualification]] |Ghana |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|5|9|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|8th|Ghana's previous appearances came in 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|8 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} (''seven times'') |- |Nigeria |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|Nigeria's previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]]) |- |Benin |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|5|10|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Tanzania |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2025 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship]] |Canada |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|5|31|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|Canada's previous appearances came in 2002 (hosts), 2004, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2014 (hosts), 2016, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]]) |- |{{fbwu|20|MEX}} |align="center"|{{abbr|11th|Mexico's previous appearances came in 2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|10 |{{sort|08|Quarter-finals}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]], [[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |- |{{nowrap|{{fbwu|20|USA}}}} |align="center"|{{dts|2025|6|1|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|United States' previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]], [[2008 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2008]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]]) |- |Costa Rica |align="center"|{{dts|2025|6|3|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|5th|Costa Rica's previous appearances came in 2010, 2014, 2022 (hosts) and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]], [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 South American Under-20 Women's Football Championship|2026 South American U-20 Women's Championship]] |{{fbwu|20|BRA}} |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|2|22|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|Brazil's previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |- |Ecuador |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Argentina |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|2|28|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|5th|Argentina's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2012, and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|2 |{{sort|16|Round of 16}} ([[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |Colombia |align="center"|{{abbr|4th|Colombia's previous appearances came in 2010, 2022 and 2024 (hosts).}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|04|Fourth place}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=2|[[2025 OFC U-19 Women's Championship]] |New Caledonia |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|10|1|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |New Zealand |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|New Zealand's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|10 |{{sort|08|Quarter-finals}} ([[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]]) |- |align="center"|Host nation |Poland |align="center"|{{dts|2023|12|17|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |align="center" rowspan=5|[[2025 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship|2025 UEFA Women's U-19 Championship]] |France |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|6|18|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|France's previous appearances came in 2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2014, 2016, 2018 (hosts), 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|6 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]]) |- |{{fbwu|20|ITA}} |align="center"|{{abbr|3rd|Italy's previous appearances came in 2004 and 2012.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} ([[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]]) |- |England |align="center" rowspan=3|{{dts|2025|6|21|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|6th|England's previous appearances came in 2002, 2008, 2010, 2014 and 2018.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]]) |- |Portugal |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Spain |align="center"|{{abbr|6th|Spain's previous appearances came in 2004, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|5 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |} ===Draw=== De draw take place on 15 May 2026 at de EC1 Cultural Center insyd Łódź, Poland.<ref name="Draw">{{cite web|url=https://www.plus.fifa.com/en/content/draw-fifa-u-20-women-s-world-cup-poland-2026/0230b215-9fdf-4404-8b46-acfb65c3076a |title=Draw {{!}} FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association|accessdate=7 May 2026}}</ref> Na dem divide de 24 teams into four pots of 6, wey hosts Poland dem automatically place insyd Pot 1. Na de remaining teams be allocated according to a ranking based on performances insyd de last five editions of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, plus greater weight given to more recent tournaments. Teams from Pots 1 to 4 go be drawn into Groups A to F, wey dem empty each pot before moving to de next. Poland go be assigned to position A1, while de remaining Pot 1 teams go automatically occupy position 1 insyd Groups B to F. For each draw, a team ball go be drawn first, wey a group-position ball follow wey dey determine ein placement within de group. FIFA ein general principle be to avoid, whenever possible, having more dan one team from de same confederation insyd de same group. {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;white-space:nowrap" |+ Pots |- !rowspan=2|Pot !rowspan=2|Team !rowspan=2|Confederation ![[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]] ![[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]] ![[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] ![[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]] ![[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] !rowspan=2|Total<br />points |- !Points<br /><small>(20%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(40%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(60%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(80%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(100%)</small> |- |rowspan=6|1 |align=left|Poland '''(H)'''||UEFA||colspan=7|Host nation, dem automatically assign to Pot 1 |- |align=left|Japan||AFC||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4.8||9||10.4||18||'''42.2''' |- |align=left|Spain||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||7.8||12.8||12||'''35''' |- |align=left|North Korea||AFC||1.4||7.2||3.6||{{abbr|W|Withdrew}}||21||'''33.2''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|BRA}}||CONMEBOL||0.2||1.6||0.6||10.4||12||'''24.8''' |- |align=left|France||UEFA||2.6||4.4||6.6||5.6||4||'''23.2''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|2 |align=left|{{fbwu|20|USA}}||CONCACAF||1.4||3.2||2.4||2.4||13||'''22.4''' |- |align=left|Nigeria||CAF||2.6||2.4||2.4||7.2||6||'''20.6''' |- |align=left|Colombia||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4||13||'''17''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|MEX}}||CONCACAF||0.4||2.4||1.8||4||4||'''12.6''' |- |align=left|South Korea||AFC||1||1.2||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||4||'''8.6''' |- |align=left|England||UEFA||0.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||6.6||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''7''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|3 |align=left|Ghana||CAF||1.2||0.8||1.8||0||3||'''6.8''' |- |align=left|Canada||CONCACAF||1.2||0||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||0||4||'''5.2''' |- |align=left|New Zealand||OFC||1.2||1.2||0.6||1.6||0||'''4.6''' |- |align=left|Argentina||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4||'''4''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|CHN}}||AFC||0.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''2.8''' |- |align=left|Costa Rica||CONCACAF||0||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||0||0||'''0''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|4 |align=left|{{fbwu|20|ITA}}||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Portugal||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Ecuador||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Benin||CAF||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Tanzania||CAF||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|New Caledonia||OFC||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |} ==Venues== Na [[Łódź]], [[Katowice]], [[Sosnowiec]], den [[Bielsko-Biała]] be de cities dem nominate to host de competition on 8 May 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dziennikzachodni.pl/mistrzostwa-swiata-w-pilce-noznej-kobiet-u-20-w-katowicach-sosnowcu-lodzi-oraz-w-tychach-lub-bielsku-bialej/ar/c2p2-27563001 |title=Mistrzostwa świata w piłce nożnej kobiet U-20 w Katowicach, Sosnowcu, Łodzi oraz w Tychach lub Bielsku-Białej |date=8 May 2025 |access-date=9 May 2025|website=dziennikzachodni.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem be de official venues wey FIFA announce insyd 6 September 2025.<ref name="Emblem2">{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=One-year countdown to FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™: Host Cities and Official Brand revealed |url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/one-year-countdown-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-host-cities-official-brand |access-date=6 September 2025 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> {{OSM Location map | coord = {{coord|50.7|19.2}} | zoom = 7 | width = 400 | height = 400 | mark-size1 = 16 | shape1 = n-circle | caption = Location of de host cities of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland.<div style="font-size:80%">{{col-begin}}{{Col-3}}{{Ubl | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|1|blue}} [[Łódź]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|2|blue}} [[Katowice]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|3|blue}} [[Sosnowiec]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|4|blue}} [[Bielsko-Biała]] }}{{col-end}}</div> | mark-coord1 = {{Coord|51.7769|19.4547}} | shape-color1 = blue | mark-title1 = [[Łódź]] | mark-description1 = [[Władysław Król Municipal Stadium]] | mark-coord2 = {{Coord|50.2625|19.0217}} | shape-color2 = blue | mark-title2 = [[Katowice]] | mark-description2 = [[Arena Katowice]] | mark-coord3 = {{Coord|50.2518|18.9747}} | shape-color3 = blue | mark-title3 = [[Sosnowiec]] | mark-description3 = [[Zagłębie Sports Park]] | mark-coord4 = {{Coord|49.8225|19.0444}} | shape-color4 = blue | mark-title4 = [[Bielsko-Biała]] | mark-description4 = [[Bielsko-Biała Stadium]] }} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup venues |- !|[[Łódź]] !|[[Katowice]] |- | [[Władysław Król Municipal Stadium|Stadion ŁKS]] | [[Arena Katowice]] |- | Capacity: '''18,029''' | Capacity: '''15,048''' |- ! [[File:Lodz stadion LKS.jpg|200px]] ! [[File:2025-04 Katowice stadion Arena Katowice (46).jpg|200px]] |- ! [[Sosnowiec]] ! [[Bielsko-Biała]] |- | [[Zagłębie Sports Park]] | [[Bielsko-Biała Stadium|Stadion w Bielsku-Białej]] |- | Capacity: '''11,600''' | Capacity: '''15,316''' |- ! [[File:ArcelorMittal Park.jpg|200px]] ! [[File:Stadion Miejski Bielsko-Biała trybuna wschodnia February 2015.jpg|200px]] |- |} ==Marketing== ===Emblem=== Na de official emblem be revealed on 6 September 2025.<ref name="Emblem">{{cite web|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/one-year-countdown-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-host-cities-official-brand |title=One-year countdown to FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™: Host Cities and Official Brand revealed |date=6 September 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> === Theme song === De official song be titled "Yeyeyo" wey Blanka perform. Na de song be released on 7 August 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Official song for the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™ out now |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/womens/u20womensworldcup/poland-2026/articles/official-song-poland-2026-out-now |access-date=2026-08-20 |website=www.fifa.com}}</ref> === Mascot === De tournament ein mascot be called "Islana". De mascot dey represent spirits from Slavic mythology den shaped after a rusalka. Na dem unveil am on 5 May 2026.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/islana-mascot-fifa-u20-womens-world-cup-2026 |title=Islana™ unveiled as FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup 2026™ mascot|date=5 May 2026 |access-date=7 May 2026|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> ==Squads== === Group A === ==== Argentina ==== Head coach: Christian Meloni {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Priscila Siben |3 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Banfield |- |2 |FW !Alma Velasco Heim |13 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Levante |- |3 |MF !Carolina Ceniza |12 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |4 |DF !Sofia Quiroga |15 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |5 |MF !Agustina Maldonado |19 March 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |6 |DF !Julia Vinhas |27 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Platense |- |7 |FW !Julieta Aguilar |29 July 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 |Newell's Old Boys |- |8 |MF !Julieta Martínez |3 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |9 |FW !Mercedes Diz |24 February 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |10 |MF !Brisa Jara |14 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Talleres |- |11 |MF !Dolo Delgado |17 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Atlético Madrid |- |12 |GK !Juana Schipper |14 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Talleres |- |13 |MF !Luzmila Ramirez |25 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |14 |DF !Luisana Araya |4 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Belgrano |- |15 |MF !Morena Calvo |29 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |16 |DF !Camila Ochoa |28 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Independiente |- |17 |FW !Violeta Alvarez |28 April 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |18 |FW !Pia Alvarez |31 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Independiente |- |19 |FW !Annika Paz |16 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |4 |Inter Milan |- |20 |FW !Giselle White |29 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Santa Rosa United |- |21 |GK !Naila Zaninetti |26 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Unión |} ==== Benin ==== Head coach: Ouzérou Abdoulaye {| class="wikitable sortable" ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Larissa Saizonou |21 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | UMSA |- |2 |DF !Mistourath Seibou |14 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |AS Gamia |- |3 |DF !Laura Abikou |26 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |4 |DF !Jocelyne Tetchri |30 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |AS Gamia |- |5 |DF !Assanatou Alassane |1 January 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | AS Cotonou |- |6 |MF !Hermionne Lokossou |29 July 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |AS Lagarde |- |7 |FW !Romaine Gandonou |13 November 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 |AS Tambours FC |- |8 |MF !Mouibath Awena |20 December 2009 (aged 16) |0 |0 |Goutchira Omnisport |- |9 |MF !Rakibatou Sabi Manin |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |AKSP |- |10 |MF !Yasminath Djibril |13 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Aïnonvi FC |- |11 |MF !Angela Gbadessi |5 January 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 |AS Cotonou |- |12 |DF !Deo-Gratias Ebi |13 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |13 |MF !Pierrette Chigblo |16 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Dynamique FC |- |14 |FW !Hosane Soukou |23 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |NSU Demons |- |15 |MF !Fidele Toudonou |19 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |16 |GK !Esther Ogoudare |13 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Espoir FC |- |17 |DF !Estelle Vidinhouede |19 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | UMSA |- |18 |MF !Joelle Kpadonou |15 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Mogbwemo Queens FC |- |19 |FW !Germaine Honfo |24 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Club Municipal Laayoune FF |- |20 |DF !Nailatou Sadikou |2 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |1. FSV Mainz 05 |- |21 |GK !Nadiath Salifou |22 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |AS Cotonou |} ==== Mexico ==== De final squad dem announce on 17 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.foxsports.com.mx/2026/08/17/las-elegidas-seleccion-mexicana-femenil-da-su-lista-final-para-el-mundial-sub-20-de-polonia/|title=¡Las elegidas! Selección Mexicana Femenil da su lista final para el Mundial Sub 20 de Polonia|trans-title=The chosen ones! The Mexican Women's National Team announces its final roster for the U-20 World Cup in Poland|lang=es|publisher=[[Fox Sports (Mexico)|Fox Sports]]|date=17 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: {{flagicon|BRA}} Dorival Bueno {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Mariangela Medina |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |UCLA Bruins |- |2 |DF !Michel Fong |2 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tijuana |- |3 |DF !Natalia Muñoz |10 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |4 |DF !Berenice Ibarra |24 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Pachuca |- |5 |DF !Ana Torres |9 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Atlante |- |6 |MF !Julia Valadez |6 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Pachuca |- |7 |DF !Maria Gonzalez |9 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |8 |MF !Abril Fragoso |15 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Pachuca |- |9 |FW !Deiry Ramirez |30 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tigres UANL |- |10 |FW !Alice Soto |26 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Monterrey |- |11 |MF !Monique Montes |30 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Monterrey |- |12 |GK !Camila Vazquez |17 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Atlas |- |13 |DF !Ashlee Mora |11 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | UTEP Miners |- |14 |MF !Alexa Soto |20 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |15 |DF !Mia Villalpando |10 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |16 |MF !Noemi Villalobos |5 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Atlas |- |17 |FW !Jalen Chaney |1 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Creighton Bluejays |- |18 |DF !Arantza Segura |3 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |19 |FW !Montserrat Saldivar |20 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |20 |DF !Alexa Martinez |31 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Pachuca |- |21 |GK !Valentina Murrieta |22 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |América |} ==== Poland ==== De final squad dem announce on 10 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web |title=[MŚ WU-20] Powołania do reprezentacji Polski na turniej finałowy |url=https://www.pzpn.pl/reprezentacje/reprezentacje-kobiece/reprezentacja-u-19/aktualnosci/2026-08-10/ms-wu-20-powolania-do-reprezentacji-polski-na-turniej-finalowy |website=pzpn.pl |language=pl |date=10 August 2026 |access-date=2026-08-30 |archive-date=2026-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260828032827/https://www.pzpn.pl/reprezentacje/reprezentacje-kobiece/reprezentacja-u-19/aktualnosci/2026-08-10/ms-wu-20-powolania-do-reprezentacji-polski-na-turniej-finalowy |url-status=live }}</ref> Head coach: Marcin Kasprowicz {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Julia Woźniak |15 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Sporting CP |- |2 |DF !Oliwia Łapińska |9 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Czarni Sosnowiec |- |3 |FW !Oliwia Związek |22 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Lech Poznań UAM |- |4 |DF !Magda Piekarska |9 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Roma |- |5 |DF !Emilia Sobierajska |22 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Czarni Sosnowiec |- |6 |DF !Iga Witkowska |27 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Czarni Sosnowiec |- |7 |MF !Krystyna Flis |4 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Basel |- |8 |MF !Zuzanna Witek |19 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | HB Køge |- |9 |FW !Julia Gutowska |17 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | HB Køge |- |10 |MF !Maja Zielińska |11 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Legia Warsaw |- |11 |MF !Oliwia Zgoda |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Czarni Sosnowiec |- |12 |GK !Zuzanna Błaszczyk |17 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Śląsk Wrocław |- |13 |DF !Zofia Pągowska |25 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | UKS SMS Łódź |- |14 |DF !Jagoda Cyraniak |23 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Marseille |- |15 |FW !Weronika Araśniewicz |15 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | VfL Wolfsburg |- |16 |FW !Zuzanna Grzywińska |23 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |1. FC Nürnberg |- |17 |MF !Lena Świrska |19 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Pogoń Szczecin |- |18 |DF !Martyna Bartczak |25 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UKS SMS Łódź |- |19 |FW !Kinga Wyrwas |21 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Sassuolo |- |20 |MF !Inez Sikora |23 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Górnik Łęczna |- |21 |GK !Hanna Wieczerzak |29 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Real Madrid |} === Group B === ==== Brazil ==== De final squad dem announce on 19 August 2026.<ref name="Camilla Orlando convoca Seleção Feminina Sub-20 para Copa do Mundo">{{cite web |title=Camilla Orlando convoca Seleção Feminina Sub-20 para Copa do Mundo |url=https://www.cbf.com.br/selecao-brasileira/noticias/selecao-feminina-sub-20/a/camilla-orlando-convoca-selecao-feminina-sub-20-para-copa-do-mundo |website=CBF.com.br |access-date=3 September 2026 |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Head coach: [[Camilla Orlando]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Thaís Lima |11 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Benfica |- |2 |DF !Thaynara |20 March 2006 (aged 20) |11 |1 | Botafogo |- |3 |DF !Sofia Couto |2 August 2007 (aged 19) |10 |0 | Flamengo |- |4 |DF !Ana Beatriz |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |7 |0 | São Paulo |- |5 |MF !Emilly Lucas |11 February 2007 (aged 19) |6 |0 | Flamengo |- |6 |DF !Bianca |17 May 2006 (aged 20) |9 |0 | Internacional |- |7 |MF !Gisele |20 May 2007 (aged 19) |22 |4 | Grêmio |- |8 |MF !Nogueira |20 January 2008 (aged 18) |8 |3 | Ferroviária |- |9 |FW !Brendha |17 December 2006 (aged 19) |11 |4 | Flamengo |- |10 |MF !Vitorinha |20 November 2006 (aged 19) |9 |4 | São Paulo |- |11 |MF !Dudinha |27 January 2006 (aged 20) |9 |1 | Ferroviária |- |12 |GK !Eluiza |8 June 2006 (aged 20) |10 |0 | São Paulo |- |13 |MF !Dulce |28 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Corinthians |- |14 |MF !Kaylane |8 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Flamengo |- |15 |FW !Gio Canali |12 February 2006 (aged 20) |8 |0 | Virginia Cavaliers |- |16 |MF !Clarinha |16 January 2006 (aged 20) |9 |3 | Benfica |- |17 |FW !Evelin |8 April 2008 (aged 18) |10 |4 | Santos |- |18 |FW !Carioca |26 February 2006 (aged 20) |7 |2 | Fluminense |- |19 |FW !Tainá |30 November 2006 (aged 19) |9 |2 | Ferroviária |- |20 |MF !Aninha |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Internacional |- |21 |GK !Ana Morganti |30 November 2008 (aged 17) |1 |0 |Corinthians |} ==== Canada ==== De final squad dem announce on 20 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.canadasoccer.com/canada-soccer-announces-21-player-squad-for-fifa-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-2026|title=CANW20 Roster Unveiled for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™|publisher=[[Canada Soccer Association]]|date=20 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Cindy Tye]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Noelle Henning |4 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Michigan State Spartans |- |2 |DF !Inès Nourani |18 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | UConn Huskies |- |3 |DF !Iba Oching |28 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |4 |DF !Janet Okeke |1 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | NC State Wolfpack |- |5 |DF !Stephanie Schoeley |20 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Providence Friars |- |6 |MF !Olivia Chisholm |5 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | AFC Toronto |- |7 |MF !Teegan Melenhorst |31 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Miami Hurricanes |- |8 |MF !Jeneva Hernandez Gray |5 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Sporting CP |- |9 |FW !Annabelle Chukwu |8 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Notre Dame Fighting Irish |- |10 |FW !Kaylee Hunter |22 January 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | AFC Toronto |- |11 |FW !Léa Larouche |20 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |12 |DF !Jadea Collin |29 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Wisconsin Badgers |- |13 |FW !Emma Yee |28 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Illinois Fighting Illini |- |14 |DF !Chloe Taylor |2 September 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Auburn Tigers |- |15 |DF !Bridget Mutipula |5 August 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Florida State Seminoles |- |16 |MF !Noelle Sather |2 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Baylor Bears |- |17 |FW !Liana Tarasco |14 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |18 |GK !Khadijah Cissé |18 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |19 |FW !Sariyah Bailey |17 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |LSU Tigers |- |20 |MF !Sienna Gibson |18 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UBC Thunderbirds |- |21 |GK !Madison London |22 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |New Mexico Lobos |} ==== England ==== De final squad dem announce on on 21 August 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McHugh |first=Beth |date=21 August 2026 |title=England WU20s squad named for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Aug/21/england-wu20s-squad-announced-for-wu20-world-cup-20260821 |access-date=21 August 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> On 30 August 2026, na dem announce say [[Lauryn Thompson]] withdraw from de tournament squad secof injury; she be replaced by [[Layla Drury]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 August 2026 |title=Drury steps into WU20s World Cup squad |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Aug/30/england-wu20s-world-cup-squad-update-20263008 |access-date=30 August 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> On 4 September 2026, [[Erica Meg Parkinson]] withdraw to remain plus ein club North Carolina Courage; she be replaced by [[Vivienne Lia]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2026 |title=Vivienne Lia called into WU20 World Cup squad |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Sep/04/Vivienne-Lia-called-to-WU20-World-Cup-squad |access-date=4 September 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> Head coach: [[Lydia Bedford]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Katie Cox |28 April 2006 (aged 20) | | | Nottingham Forest |- |2 |DF !Ria Bose |7 February 2006 (aged 20) | | | West Ham United |- |3 |DF !Chloe Sarwie |19 December 2008 (aged 17) | | | Chelsea |- |4 |MF !May Cruft |6 September 2009 (aged 16) | | | Rangers |- |5 |DF !Zara Shaw |6 June 2007 (aged 19) | | | Liverpool |- |6 |DF !Cecily Wellesley-Smith |4 January 2007 (aged 19) | | | Rosengård |- |7 |MF !Eleanor Klinger |4 November 2006 (aged 19) | | | Stanford Cardinal |- |8 |FW !Vivienne Lia |27 September 2006 (aged 19) | | | Eintracht Frankfurt |- |9 |FW !Princess Ademiluyi |14 July 2006 (aged 20) | | | Ipswich Town |- |10 |MF !Lola Brown |31 October 2007 (aged 18) | | | Chelsea |- |11 |MF !Vera Jones |18 February 2008 (aged 18) | | | Watford |- |12 |DF !Rachel Maltby |25 March 2007 (aged 19) | | | Aston Villa |- |13 |GK !Kaiya Jota |25 August 2006 (aged 19) | | | Stanford Cardinal |- |14 |MF !Chloe Hylton |25 April 2007 (aged 19) | | | Carolina Ascent |- |15 |DF !Lucy Newell |2 October 2006 (aged 19) | | | Manchester United |- |16 |FW !Eva Hendle |30 April 2008 (aged 18) | | | Rangers |- |17 |FW !Layla Drury |12 June 2009 (aged 17) | | | Manchester United |- |18 |FW !Lily Dent |5 September 2006 (aged 20) | | | Sunderland |- |19 |FW !Jessie Gale |23 August 2006 (aged 20) | | | Newcastle United |- |20 |DF !Sacha Lewis |28 February 2008 (aged 18) | | | Manchester City |- |21 |GK !Eve Annets |19 March 2006 (aged 20) | | | Hibernian |} ==== Tanzania ==== Head coach: [[Bakari Shime]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Nusra Jafari |20 December 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |2 |DF !Neema Damas |16 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |3 |FW !Winfrida Gerald |26 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |4 |MF !Lidya Kabambo |27 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |5 |DF !Edina Makamba |5 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Tausi FC |- |6 |MF !Elizabeth Mwimi |23 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |7 |FW !Hasnath Ubamba |8 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |8 |FW !Mary Siyame |25 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |9 |FW !Bahati Kizanguzi |24 October 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Bunda Queens |- |10 |MF !Winfrida Mathias |20 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |11 |FW !Jamila Mnunduka |10 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |12 |DF !Asha Ramadhani |5 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |13 |MF !Alia Salum |1 September 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |14 |MF !Christer Bazil |17 September 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |15 |DF !Diana Mnally |11 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Yanga Princess |- |16 |DF !Ester Marwa |3 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |17 |DF !Veronica Mapunda |27 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Mashujaa Queens |- |18 |GK !Mariam Manyerere |12 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Bunda Queens |- |19 |DF !Milembe John |14 March 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Alliance Girls |- |20 |GK !Rhobi Ngeya |23 July 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 | Alliance Girls |- |21 |DF !Winfrida John |26 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Mashujaa Queens |} === Group C === ==== Ecuador ==== Head coach: [[Eduardo Moscoso]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Domenica Palacios |19 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Flamengo |- |2 |DF !Noemi Camacho |10 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |3 |DF !Maite Zambrano |13 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |4 |DF !Kathleen Mendoza |19 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |5 |MF !Evelyn Burgos |19 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |6 |DF !Scarlet Garaicoa |25 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |7 |MF !Maritxell Cazares |21 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |8 |MF !Fiorella Pico |10 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |9 |FW !Domenica Arboleda |25 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | AC Milan |- |10 |FW !Mary Guerra |7 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |11 |FW !Dariana Moran |29 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |12 |GK !Maria Rodriguez |28 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |13 |FW !Josenka Velez |4 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |14 |DF !Aireen Mogro |18 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |15 |MF !Karolina Villacis |19 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |16 |FW !Xiomara Alcivar |14 September 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |17 |MF !Erika Saltos |28 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |18 |MF !Rosa Flores |26 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |19 |DF !Rosa Estupinan |2 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |20 |FW !Emily Vargas |7 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |21 |GK !Dayarlin Alcivar |25 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |} ==== France ==== De final squad dem announce on 18 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fff.fr/article/17181-la-liste-pour-le-mondial-2026.html|title=La liste pour le Mondial 2026|trans-title=The squad for the 2026 World Cup|lang=fr|first=Vincent|last=Orsini|publisher=[[French Football Federation]]|date=18 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Philippe Joly (footballer)|Philippe Joly]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Alyssa Fernandes |1 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |2 |DF !Céleste Delcroix |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Saint-Étienne |- |3 |DF !Chiara Baylet |19 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |4 |DF !Juliane Denizot |15 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Nantes |- |5 |DF !Aude Bizet |14 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Fleury |- |6 |MF !Kenza Roche Dufour |3 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Paris FC |- |7 |MF !Clara Bertrand |1 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lens |- |8 |MF !Lina Gay |17 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |9 |FW !Célia Chabod |28 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |10 |FW !Ornella Graziani |19 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Paris Saint-Germain |- |11 |FW !Justine Rouquet |6 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |12 |MF !Romane Rafalski |3 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Lyon |- |13 |FW !Almudena Sierra |27 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Hamburger SV |- |14 |MF !Mariah Gueguen |18 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Parma |- |15 |MF !Landryna Lushimba Bilombi |14 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lens |- |16 |GK !Ceylin Yilmaz |9 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |17 |MF !Kadidia Traore |13 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Paris FC |- |18 |FW !Naomi Ekwalla |20 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Fleury |- |19 |FW !Naolia Traore |22 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Paris Saint-Germain |- |20 |MF !Louise Kleczewski |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | US Saint-Malo |- |21 |GK !Elisa Gautier |25 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Standard Liège |} ==== Ghana ==== Head coach: [[Charles Sampson (footballer)|Charles Sampson]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Najat Salam |10 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tamale Super Ladies |- |2 |DF !Salma Naazo |4 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Savannah Ladies |- |3 |MF !Latifa Musah |25 July 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sissamba Ladies |- |4 |DF !Diana Amoako |2 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ampem Darkoa Ladies |- |5 |DF !Rubby Osei |30 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Hasaacas Ladies |- |6 |MF !Latifa Abesik |2 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ampem Darkoa Ladies |- |7 |FW !Jackline Ntoso |11 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Epiphany Warriors |- |8 |MF !Esther Asamoah Yiadom |10 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Army Ladies |- |9 |FW !Priscilla Mensah |7 April 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sissamba Ladies |- |10 |FW !Ruth Amponsah |16 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Taft Rhinos |- |11 |FW !Angel Akanyirige |4 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Chicago State Cougars |- |12 |FW !Ivy Osei Owusu |9 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |13 |FW !Jennifer Dawah |10 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Epiphany Warriors |- |14 |DF !Alexandra Tay |1 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Stanford Cardinal |- |15 |DF !Margaret Agyapomaa |5 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Police Ladies |- |16 |GK !Precious Akanguwie |1 November 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Hearts of Oak |- |17 |MF !Sarah Nyarko |24 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |18 |FW !Agnes Yeboah |29 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Meizhou Hakka |- |19 |DF !Juliana Gyekyewaa |26 January 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Rootz Sistaz |- |20 |DF !Precious Asante |6 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |21 |GK !Ruth Agudu Sebbie |11 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Valued Girls |} ==== South Korea ==== De final squad dem announce on 11 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.starnewskorea.com/en/sports/2026/08/11/2026081111101092998|title=[Official] 'Challenging for Back-to-Back Round of 16' U20 Women's World Cup Final Roster Announced|author=Kim Myeong-seok|newspaper=[[Star News (South Korea)|Star News]]|date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Park Youn-jeong]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Jeong Da-hee |13 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Daeduk College |- |2 |DF !Yoon Ah-yeong |14 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dankook University |- |3 |DF !Cheon Si-woo |9 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |4 |DF !Jung Da-bin |4 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Uiduk University |- |5 |DF !Nam Seung-eun |10 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Bunnys Gunma FC White Star |- |6 |MF !Han Min-seo |22 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Korea University |- |7 |MF !Kim Yi-young |15 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |8 |MF !Jin Hye-rin |29 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Korea University |- |9 |FW !Lee Ha-eun |21 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |10 |FW !Lee Ha-eun |20 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Uiduk University |- |11 |FW !Jo Hye-young |18 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Madrid CFF |- |12 |MF !Park Ji-yu |6 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |13 |DF !Maeng Hui-jin |13 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Gangwon State University |- |14 |FW !Shin Jee-yun |18 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ulsan Hyundai HS |- |15 |FW !Park Ju-ha |10 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Daekyeung University |- |16 |MF !Choi Ju-hong |23 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Daekyeung University |- |17 |MF !Beom Ye-ju |12 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |18 |GK !Kim Chae-been |14 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Gwangyang Girls' HS |- |19 |FW !Kim Min-seo |24 August 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ulsan Hyundai HS |- |20 |MF !Baek Seo-yeong |16 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Gyeongnam Robot HS |- |21 |GK !Kim Gyu-rin |24 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |} === Group D === ==== Italy ==== A preliminary 26-player squad dem announce on 6 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.figc.it/it/nazionali/news/inizia-il-percorso-di-avvicinamento-al-mondiale-under-20-26-calciatrici-convocate-per-lo-stage-di-coverciano-atb3jh8e|title=Inizia il percorso di avvicinamento al Mondiale Under 20: 26 calciatrici convocate per lo stage di Coverciano|trans-title=The approach to the Under-20 World Cup begins: 26 players called up for the Coverciano stage|lang=it|publisher=[[Italian Football Federation]]|date=6 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Nicola Matteucci]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Elena Belli |10 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |2 |DF !Lidia Consolini |15 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |3 |DF !Caterina Venturelli |15 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sassuolo |- |4 |DF !Martina Cocino |27 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Aarau |- |5 |DF !Azzurra Gallo |20 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |6 |MF !Maya Cherubini |14 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Fiorentina |- |7 |FW !Giulia Galli |23 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Roma |- |8 |MF !Paola Fadda |5 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Sassuolo |- |9 |FW !Rosanna Ventriglia |13 December 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Ternana |- |10 |FW !Giada Pellegrino Cimò |7 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Roma |- |11 |FW !Karen Appiah |23 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cesena |- |12 |GK !Lavinia Tornaghi |22 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | AC Milan |- |13 |DF !Martina Tosello |26 December 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cesena |- |14 |MF !Sofia Testa |5 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ternana |- |15 |DF !Emma Lombardi |20 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Fiorentina |- |16 |DF !Martina Bressan |9 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |17 |MF !Marta Zamboni |5 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Como |- |18 |MF !Giada Catena |29 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Res Roma |- |19 |FW !Manuela Sciabica |19 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lazio |- |20 |FW !Gabriella Langella |15 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Napoli |- |21 |GK !Erica Di Nallo |5 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Vicenza |} ==== Japan ==== De final squad dem announce on 18 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jfa.jp/eng/news/00036632/|title=U-20 Japan Women's National Team squad & schedule - FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™ (8/25-9/29＠Poland)|publisher=[[Japan Football Association]]|date=18 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: {{ill|Akira Ijiri|ja|井尻明}} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Uruha Iwasaki |13 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Nojima Stella Kanagawa |- |2 |DF !Yuna Aoki |7 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |3 |DF !Tamami Aso |26 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |4 |DF !Mitsuki Ota |20 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | INAC Kobe Leonessa |- |5 |MF !Yura Honda |1 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Nittaidai FC Ladies |- |6 |MF !Asako Furuta |23 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Tezukayama Gakuin University |- |7 |MF !Miyu Matsunaga |8 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |8 |MF !Rinka Higuchi |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Chifure AS Elfen Saitama |- |9 |FW !Natsumi Tago |5 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Cerezo Osaka Yanmar |- |10 |FW !Miku Matsuzawa |9 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Kanagawa University |- |11 |FW !Anon Tsuda |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Mynavi Sendai |- |12 |GK !Hinaha Ishida |28 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Sanfrecce Hiroshima Regina |- |13 |MF !Noa Fukushima |12 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | JFA Academy Fukushima |- |14 |MF !Miharu Shinjo |5 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |15 |DF !Haruko Suzuki |11 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Nittaidai FC Ladies |- |16 |DF !Hibari Hara |17 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Chifure AS Elfen Saitama |- |17 |DF !Momoka Sano |17 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JFA Academy Fukushima |- |18 |DF !Mone Sato |15 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | RB Omiya Ardija |- |19 |MF !Yuka Kurimoto |9 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Tsukuba University |- |20 |MF !Konoha Nakamura |27 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cerezo Osaka Yanmar |- |21 |GK !Sako Nawa |29 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Cerezo Osaka Yanmar |} ==== New Zealand ==== De final squad dem announce on 17 August.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/football/new-zealand-under-20-womens-world-cup-squad-named-amid-boycott-threat-over-gianni-infantino-fifa-leadership/PUYIGBGKDFGTDHNACJ7VS5OM2E/|title=New Zealand Under-20 Women’s World Cup squad named amid boycott threat over Gianni Infantino Fifa leadership|first=Samuel|last=Sherry|date=18 August 2026|access-date=20 August 2026|newspaper=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|archive-date=19 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260819084426/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/football/new-zealand-under-20-womens-world-cup-squad-named-amid-boycott-threat-over-gianni-infantino-fifa-leadership/PUYIGBGKDFGTDHNACJ7VS5OM2E/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nzfootball.co.nz/newsarticle/169072?newsfeedId=1275608|title=New Zealand Names Squad for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup In Poland|date=17 August 2026|access-date=20 August 2026|website=[[New Zealand Football]]}}</ref> Head coach: [[Callum Holmes]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Club |- |14 |MF !Mikaela Bangalan |30 March 2008 (aged 18) |Wellington Phoenix |- |7 |MF !Grace Bartlett |16 May 2007 (aged 19) |Auckland United |- |20 |FW !Laura Bennett |18 November 2008 (aged 17) |Melville United |- |10 |MF !Zoe Benson |14 August 2006 (aged 20) |Wellington Phoenix |- |6 |MF !Daisy Brazendale |12 March 2006 (aged 20) |Free agent |- |19 |FW !Lily Brazendale |6 May 2006 (aged 20) |Wellington Phoenix |- |2 |MF !Penny Brill |11 July 2006 (aged 20) | Xavier Musketeers |- |16 |MF !Amber De Wit |20 November 2007 (aged 18) |North Dakota State Bison |- |13 |DF !Freya Des Fountain |7 February 2008 (aged 18) |Wellington Phoenix |- |17 |MF !Grace Duncan |3 April 2008 (aged 18) |Washington Huskies |- |4 |DF !Charli Dunn |20 March 2007 (aged 19) |Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders |- |5 |DF !Alyssha Eglinton |16 January 2007 (aged 19) | Wellington Phoenix |- |11 |GK !Scarlett Gray |15 December 2007 (aged 18) |Sydney University |- |3 |DF !Mackenzie Greene |4 January 2006 (aged 20) |Wellington Phoenix |- |21 |GK !Nienke Holland |8 July 2010 (aged 16) |AZ Alkmaar |- |11 |FW !Emily Lyon |17 July 2006 (aged 20) |West Coast Rangers |- |15 |DF !Charley March |11 April 2008 (aged 18) |Auckland United |- |8 |MF !Charlotte Mortlock |9 March 2006 (aged 20) |Northern Tigers |- |1 |GK !Brooke Neary |14 October 2007 (aged 18) |Wellington Phoenix |- |18 |FW !Poppy O'Brien |26 February 2007 (aged 19) |Colorado State Rams |- |9 |FW !Pia Vlok |4 September 2008 (aged 18) | Wellington Phoenix |} ==== United States ==== De final squad dem announce on 19 August 2026.<ref name="U.S. U-20 WNT Head Coach Vicky Jepson Names 21-Player Roster for 2026 FIFA Under-20 Women's World Cup in Poland">{{cite web |title=U.S. U-20 WNT Head Coach Vicky Jepson Names 21-Player Roster for 2026 FIFA Under-20 Women's World Cup in Poland |url=https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2026/08/ynt-u20-wnt/vicky-jepson-names-21-player-roster-u20-fifa-world-cup-poland |website=USSoccer.com |access-date=3 September 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Vicky Jepson]] == References == <references /> == External links == 72ab7d7mhvq7luvdx57fde0gzoyj3lx 112446 112445 2026-09-24T23:48:22Z DaSupremo 9 /* United States */ Improve article 112446 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup''' (Polish: ''Mistrzostwa Świata FIFA U-20 Kobiet Polska 2026'') be de 12th edition of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, de biennial international women's youth football championship wey be contested by de under-20 national teams of de member associations of FIFA. Dem dey host am by Poland. E be de second time wey na Poland host a FIFA tournament having host de men's FIFA U-20 World Cup insyd 2019. E sanso be de first time wey Poland host a FIFA women's tournament.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/fifa-council/media-releases/fifa-council-appoints-chile-and-poland-as-hosts-of-fifa-youth-competitions|title=FIFA Council appoints Chile and Poland as hosts of FIFA youth competitions|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association|website=FIFA.com|access-date=17 December 2023|date=17 December 2023}}</ref> North Korea be de defending champions, na dem win a joint-record third title insyd 2024. ==Host selection== Na dem announce Poland as de 2026 Women's U-20 World Cup hosts following de FIFA Council meeting on 17 December 2023 insyd [[Jeddah]], [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Polska gospodarzem Mistrzostw Świata Kobiet U-20 w 2026 roku! |url=https://pzpn.pl/federacja/aktualnosci/2023-12-17/polska-gospodarzem-mistrzostw-swiata-kobiet-u-20-w-2026-roku |access-date=18 December 2023 |publisher=[[Polish Football Association]]|date=17 December 2023 |language=pl}}</ref> ==Teams== ===Qualification=== [[File:2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup qualified teams map.svg|thumb|430x430px|right|upright=1.5|{{legend|#0000ff|Teams qualified}}{{Legend|#ffcc00|Teams failed to qualify}}{{Legend|#000000|Teams withdrew or suspended}}{{legend|#cccccc|Did not enter}}{{Legend|#939393|Not a FIFA member}}]] A total of 24 teams qualify for de final tournament. In addition to Poland wey qualify automatically as hosts, de oda 23 teams qualify from six separate continental competitions. De slot allocation remain unchanged from de previous edition. * [[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]] (Asia): 4 slots * [[Confederation of African Football|CAF]] (Africa): 4 slots * [[CONCACAF]] (North, Central America den Caribbean): 4 slots * [[CONMEBOL]] (South America): 4 slots * [[Oceania Football Confederation|OFC]] (Oceania): 2 slots * [[UEFA]] (Europe): 6 slots (wey dey include hosts Poland) De host nations [[Poland women's national under-20 football team|Poland]], along plus [[Portugal women's national under-20 football team|Portugal]], [[New Caledonia women's national under-20 football team|New Caledonia]], [[Ecuador women's national under-20 football team|Ecuador]], [[Tanzania women's national under-20 football team|Tanzania]] den [[Benin women's national under-20 football team|Benin]] make dema debut at de U-20 Women's World Cup, plus New Caledonia den Benin make dema first appearance insyd a FIFA women's tournament. For de first time ever [[Germany women's national under-20 football team|Germany]] fail to qualify, having participated insyd all editions til [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]. {{clear}} {|class="wikitable sortable" |- !rowspan=2|Qualifying tournament !rowspan=2|Team !rowspan=2|Qualification date !colspan=4 data-sort-type="number"|Appearance(s) !rowspan=2|Previous best performance |- !{{Tooltip|Total|Including this edition}} !First !Last !{{abbr|Streak|Current consecutive appearances streak}} |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup]] |{{fbwu|20|CHN}} |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|4|11|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|7th|China's previous appearances came in 2004, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2014 and 2018.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]], [[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]]) |- |Japan |align="center"|{{abbr|9th|Japan's previous appearances came in 2002, 2008, 2010, 2012 (hosts), 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|5 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]]) |- |North Korea |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|4|12|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|9th|North Korea's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|2 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]], [[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]], [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |South Korea |align="center"|{{abbr|8th|South Korea's previous appearances came in 2004, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 African U-20 Women's World Cup qualification]] |Ghana |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|5|9|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|8th|Ghana's previous appearances came in 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|8 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} (''seven times'') |- |Nigeria |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|Nigeria's previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]]) |- |Benin |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|5|10|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Tanzania |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2025 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship]] |Canada |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|5|31|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|Canada's previous appearances came in 2002 (hosts), 2004, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2014 (hosts), 2016, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]]) |- |{{fbwu|20|MEX}} |align="center"|{{abbr|11th|Mexico's previous appearances came in 2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|10 |{{sort|08|Quarter-finals}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]], [[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |- |{{nowrap|{{fbwu|20|USA}}}} |align="center"|{{dts|2025|6|1|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|United States' previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]], [[2008 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2008]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]]) |- |Costa Rica |align="center"|{{dts|2025|6|3|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|5th|Costa Rica's previous appearances came in 2010, 2014, 2022 (hosts) and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]], [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 South American Under-20 Women's Football Championship|2026 South American U-20 Women's Championship]] |{{fbwu|20|BRA}} |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|2|22|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|Brazil's previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |- |Ecuador |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Argentina |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|2|28|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|5th|Argentina's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2012, and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|2 |{{sort|16|Round of 16}} ([[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |Colombia |align="center"|{{abbr|4th|Colombia's previous appearances came in 2010, 2022 and 2024 (hosts).}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|04|Fourth place}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=2|[[2025 OFC U-19 Women's Championship]] |New Caledonia |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|10|1|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |New Zealand |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|New Zealand's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|10 |{{sort|08|Quarter-finals}} ([[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]]) |- |align="center"|Host nation |Poland |align="center"|{{dts|2023|12|17|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |align="center" rowspan=5|[[2025 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship|2025 UEFA Women's U-19 Championship]] |France |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|6|18|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|France's previous appearances came in 2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2014, 2016, 2018 (hosts), 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|6 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]]) |- |{{fbwu|20|ITA}} |align="center"|{{abbr|3rd|Italy's previous appearances came in 2004 and 2012.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} ([[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]]) |- |England |align="center" rowspan=3|{{dts|2025|6|21|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|6th|England's previous appearances came in 2002, 2008, 2010, 2014 and 2018.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]]) |- |Portugal |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Spain |align="center"|{{abbr|6th|Spain's previous appearances came in 2004, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|5 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |} ===Draw=== De draw take place on 15 May 2026 at de EC1 Cultural Center insyd Łódź, Poland.<ref name="Draw">{{cite web|url=https://www.plus.fifa.com/en/content/draw-fifa-u-20-women-s-world-cup-poland-2026/0230b215-9fdf-4404-8b46-acfb65c3076a |title=Draw {{!}} FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association|accessdate=7 May 2026}}</ref> Na dem divide de 24 teams into four pots of 6, wey hosts Poland dem automatically place insyd Pot 1. Na de remaining teams be allocated according to a ranking based on performances insyd de last five editions of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, plus greater weight given to more recent tournaments. Teams from Pots 1 to 4 go be drawn into Groups A to F, wey dem empty each pot before moving to de next. Poland go be assigned to position A1, while de remaining Pot 1 teams go automatically occupy position 1 insyd Groups B to F. For each draw, a team ball go be drawn first, wey a group-position ball follow wey dey determine ein placement within de group. FIFA ein general principle be to avoid, whenever possible, having more dan one team from de same confederation insyd de same group. {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;white-space:nowrap" |+ Pots |- !rowspan=2|Pot !rowspan=2|Team !rowspan=2|Confederation ![[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]] ![[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]] ![[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] ![[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]] ![[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] !rowspan=2|Total<br />points |- !Points<br /><small>(20%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(40%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(60%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(80%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(100%)</small> |- |rowspan=6|1 |align=left|Poland '''(H)'''||UEFA||colspan=7|Host nation, dem automatically assign to Pot 1 |- |align=left|Japan||AFC||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4.8||9||10.4||18||'''42.2''' |- |align=left|Spain||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||7.8||12.8||12||'''35''' |- |align=left|North Korea||AFC||1.4||7.2||3.6||{{abbr|W|Withdrew}}||21||'''33.2''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|BRA}}||CONMEBOL||0.2||1.6||0.6||10.4||12||'''24.8''' |- |align=left|France||UEFA||2.6||4.4||6.6||5.6||4||'''23.2''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|2 |align=left|{{fbwu|20|USA}}||CONCACAF||1.4||3.2||2.4||2.4||13||'''22.4''' |- |align=left|Nigeria||CAF||2.6||2.4||2.4||7.2||6||'''20.6''' |- |align=left|Colombia||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4||13||'''17''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|MEX}}||CONCACAF||0.4||2.4||1.8||4||4||'''12.6''' |- |align=left|South Korea||AFC||1||1.2||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||4||'''8.6''' |- |align=left|England||UEFA||0.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||6.6||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''7''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|3 |align=left|Ghana||CAF||1.2||0.8||1.8||0||3||'''6.8''' |- |align=left|Canada||CONCACAF||1.2||0||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||0||4||'''5.2''' |- |align=left|New Zealand||OFC||1.2||1.2||0.6||1.6||0||'''4.6''' |- |align=left|Argentina||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4||'''4''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|CHN}}||AFC||0.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''2.8''' |- |align=left|Costa Rica||CONCACAF||0||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||0||0||'''0''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|4 |align=left|{{fbwu|20|ITA}}||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Portugal||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Ecuador||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Benin||CAF||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Tanzania||CAF||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|New Caledonia||OFC||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |} ==Venues== Na [[Łódź]], [[Katowice]], [[Sosnowiec]], den [[Bielsko-Biała]] be de cities dem nominate to host de competition on 8 May 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dziennikzachodni.pl/mistrzostwa-swiata-w-pilce-noznej-kobiet-u-20-w-katowicach-sosnowcu-lodzi-oraz-w-tychach-lub-bielsku-bialej/ar/c2p2-27563001 |title=Mistrzostwa świata w piłce nożnej kobiet U-20 w Katowicach, Sosnowcu, Łodzi oraz w Tychach lub Bielsku-Białej |date=8 May 2025 |access-date=9 May 2025|website=dziennikzachodni.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem be de official venues wey FIFA announce insyd 6 September 2025.<ref name="Emblem2">{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=One-year countdown to FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™: Host Cities and Official Brand revealed |url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/one-year-countdown-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-host-cities-official-brand |access-date=6 September 2025 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> {{OSM Location map | coord = {{coord|50.7|19.2}} | zoom = 7 | width = 400 | height = 400 | mark-size1 = 16 | shape1 = n-circle | caption = Location of de host cities of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland.<div style="font-size:80%">{{col-begin}}{{Col-3}}{{Ubl | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|1|blue}} [[Łódź]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|2|blue}} [[Katowice]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|3|blue}} [[Sosnowiec]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|4|blue}} [[Bielsko-Biała]] }}{{col-end}}</div> | mark-coord1 = {{Coord|51.7769|19.4547}} | shape-color1 = blue | mark-title1 = [[Łódź]] | mark-description1 = [[Władysław Król Municipal Stadium]] | mark-coord2 = {{Coord|50.2625|19.0217}} | shape-color2 = blue | mark-title2 = [[Katowice]] | mark-description2 = [[Arena Katowice]] | mark-coord3 = {{Coord|50.2518|18.9747}} | shape-color3 = blue | mark-title3 = [[Sosnowiec]] | mark-description3 = [[Zagłębie Sports Park]] | mark-coord4 = {{Coord|49.8225|19.0444}} | shape-color4 = blue | mark-title4 = [[Bielsko-Biała]] | mark-description4 = [[Bielsko-Biała Stadium]] }} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup venues |- !|[[Łódź]] !|[[Katowice]] |- | [[Władysław Król Municipal Stadium|Stadion ŁKS]] | [[Arena Katowice]] |- | Capacity: '''18,029''' | Capacity: '''15,048''' |- ! [[File:Lodz stadion LKS.jpg|200px]] ! [[File:2025-04 Katowice stadion Arena Katowice (46).jpg|200px]] |- ! [[Sosnowiec]] ! [[Bielsko-Biała]] |- | [[Zagłębie Sports Park]] | [[Bielsko-Biała Stadium|Stadion w Bielsku-Białej]] |- | Capacity: '''11,600''' | Capacity: '''15,316''' |- ! [[File:ArcelorMittal Park.jpg|200px]] ! [[File:Stadion Miejski Bielsko-Biała trybuna wschodnia February 2015.jpg|200px]] |- |} ==Marketing== ===Emblem=== Na de official emblem be revealed on 6 September 2025.<ref name="Emblem">{{cite web|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/one-year-countdown-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-host-cities-official-brand |title=One-year countdown to FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™: Host Cities and Official Brand revealed |date=6 September 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> === Theme song === De official song be titled "Yeyeyo" wey Blanka perform. Na de song be released on 7 August 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Official song for the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™ out now |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/womens/u20womensworldcup/poland-2026/articles/official-song-poland-2026-out-now |access-date=2026-08-20 |website=www.fifa.com}}</ref> === Mascot === De tournament ein mascot be called "Islana". De mascot dey represent spirits from Slavic mythology den shaped after a rusalka. Na dem unveil am on 5 May 2026.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/islana-mascot-fifa-u20-womens-world-cup-2026 |title=Islana™ unveiled as FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup 2026™ mascot|date=5 May 2026 |access-date=7 May 2026|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> ==Squads== === Group A === ==== Argentina ==== Head coach: Christian Meloni {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Priscila Siben |3 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Banfield |- |2 |FW !Alma Velasco Heim |13 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Levante |- |3 |MF !Carolina Ceniza |12 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |4 |DF !Sofia Quiroga |15 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |5 |MF !Agustina Maldonado |19 March 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |6 |DF !Julia Vinhas |27 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Platense |- |7 |FW !Julieta Aguilar |29 July 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 |Newell's Old Boys |- |8 |MF !Julieta Martínez |3 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |9 |FW !Mercedes Diz |24 February 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |10 |MF !Brisa Jara |14 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Talleres |- |11 |MF !Dolo Delgado |17 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Atlético Madrid |- |12 |GK !Juana Schipper |14 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Talleres |- |13 |MF !Luzmila Ramirez |25 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |14 |DF !Luisana Araya |4 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Belgrano |- |15 |MF !Morena Calvo |29 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |16 |DF !Camila Ochoa |28 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Independiente |- |17 |FW !Violeta Alvarez |28 April 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |18 |FW !Pia Alvarez |31 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Independiente |- |19 |FW !Annika Paz |16 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |4 |Inter Milan |- |20 |FW !Giselle White |29 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Santa Rosa United |- |21 |GK !Naila Zaninetti |26 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Unión |} ==== Benin ==== Head coach: Ouzérou Abdoulaye {| class="wikitable sortable" ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Larissa Saizonou |21 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | UMSA |- |2 |DF !Mistourath Seibou |14 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |AS Gamia |- |3 |DF !Laura Abikou |26 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |4 |DF !Jocelyne Tetchri |30 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |AS Gamia |- |5 |DF !Assanatou Alassane |1 January 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | AS Cotonou |- |6 |MF !Hermionne Lokossou |29 July 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |AS Lagarde |- |7 |FW !Romaine Gandonou |13 November 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 |AS Tambours FC |- |8 |MF !Mouibath Awena |20 December 2009 (aged 16) |0 |0 |Goutchira Omnisport |- |9 |MF !Rakibatou Sabi Manin |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |AKSP |- |10 |MF !Yasminath Djibril |13 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Aïnonvi FC |- |11 |MF !Angela Gbadessi |5 January 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 |AS Cotonou |- |12 |DF !Deo-Gratias Ebi |13 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |13 |MF !Pierrette Chigblo |16 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Dynamique FC |- |14 |FW !Hosane Soukou |23 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |NSU Demons |- |15 |MF !Fidele Toudonou |19 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |16 |GK !Esther Ogoudare |13 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Espoir FC |- |17 |DF !Estelle Vidinhouede |19 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | UMSA |- |18 |MF !Joelle Kpadonou |15 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Mogbwemo Queens FC |- |19 |FW !Germaine Honfo |24 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Club Municipal Laayoune FF |- |20 |DF !Nailatou Sadikou |2 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |1. FSV Mainz 05 |- |21 |GK !Nadiath Salifou |22 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |AS Cotonou |} ==== Mexico ==== De final squad dem announce on 17 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.foxsports.com.mx/2026/08/17/las-elegidas-seleccion-mexicana-femenil-da-su-lista-final-para-el-mundial-sub-20-de-polonia/|title=¡Las elegidas! Selección Mexicana Femenil da su lista final para el Mundial Sub 20 de Polonia|trans-title=The chosen ones! The Mexican Women's National Team announces its final roster for the U-20 World Cup in Poland|lang=es|publisher=[[Fox Sports (Mexico)|Fox Sports]]|date=17 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: {{flagicon|BRA}} Dorival Bueno {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Mariangela Medina |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |UCLA Bruins |- |2 |DF !Michel Fong |2 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tijuana |- |3 |DF !Natalia Muñoz |10 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |4 |DF !Berenice Ibarra |24 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Pachuca |- |5 |DF !Ana Torres |9 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Atlante |- |6 |MF !Julia Valadez |6 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Pachuca |- |7 |DF !Maria Gonzalez |9 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |8 |MF !Abril Fragoso |15 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Pachuca |- |9 |FW !Deiry Ramirez |30 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tigres UANL |- |10 |FW !Alice Soto |26 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Monterrey |- |11 |MF !Monique Montes |30 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Monterrey |- |12 |GK !Camila Vazquez |17 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Atlas |- |13 |DF !Ashlee Mora |11 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | UTEP Miners |- |14 |MF !Alexa Soto |20 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |15 |DF !Mia Villalpando |10 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |16 |MF !Noemi Villalobos |5 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Atlas |- |17 |FW !Jalen Chaney |1 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Creighton Bluejays |- |18 |DF !Arantza Segura |3 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |19 |FW !Montserrat Saldivar |20 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |20 |DF !Alexa Martinez |31 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Pachuca |- |21 |GK !Valentina Murrieta |22 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |América |} ==== Poland ==== De final squad dem announce on 10 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web |title=[MŚ WU-20] Powołania do reprezentacji Polski na turniej finałowy |url=https://www.pzpn.pl/reprezentacje/reprezentacje-kobiece/reprezentacja-u-19/aktualnosci/2026-08-10/ms-wu-20-powolania-do-reprezentacji-polski-na-turniej-finalowy |website=pzpn.pl |language=pl |date=10 August 2026 |access-date=2026-08-30 |archive-date=2026-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260828032827/https://www.pzpn.pl/reprezentacje/reprezentacje-kobiece/reprezentacja-u-19/aktualnosci/2026-08-10/ms-wu-20-powolania-do-reprezentacji-polski-na-turniej-finalowy |url-status=live }}</ref> Head coach: Marcin Kasprowicz {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Julia Woźniak |15 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Sporting CP |- |2 |DF !Oliwia Łapińska |9 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Czarni Sosnowiec |- |3 |FW !Oliwia Związek |22 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Lech Poznań UAM |- |4 |DF !Magda Piekarska |9 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Roma |- |5 |DF !Emilia Sobierajska |22 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Czarni Sosnowiec |- |6 |DF !Iga Witkowska |27 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Czarni Sosnowiec |- |7 |MF !Krystyna Flis |4 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Basel |- |8 |MF !Zuzanna Witek |19 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | HB Køge |- |9 |FW !Julia Gutowska |17 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | HB Køge |- |10 |MF !Maja Zielińska |11 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Legia Warsaw |- |11 |MF !Oliwia Zgoda |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Czarni Sosnowiec |- |12 |GK !Zuzanna Błaszczyk |17 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Śląsk Wrocław |- |13 |DF !Zofia Pągowska |25 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | UKS SMS Łódź |- |14 |DF !Jagoda Cyraniak |23 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Marseille |- |15 |FW !Weronika Araśniewicz |15 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | VfL Wolfsburg |- |16 |FW !Zuzanna Grzywińska |23 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |1. FC Nürnberg |- |17 |MF !Lena Świrska |19 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Pogoń Szczecin |- |18 |DF !Martyna Bartczak |25 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UKS SMS Łódź |- |19 |FW !Kinga Wyrwas |21 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Sassuolo |- |20 |MF !Inez Sikora |23 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Górnik Łęczna |- |21 |GK !Hanna Wieczerzak |29 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Real Madrid |} === Group B === ==== Brazil ==== De final squad dem announce on 19 August 2026.<ref name="Camilla Orlando convoca Seleção Feminina Sub-20 para Copa do Mundo">{{cite web |title=Camilla Orlando convoca Seleção Feminina Sub-20 para Copa do Mundo |url=https://www.cbf.com.br/selecao-brasileira/noticias/selecao-feminina-sub-20/a/camilla-orlando-convoca-selecao-feminina-sub-20-para-copa-do-mundo |website=CBF.com.br |access-date=3 September 2026 |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Head coach: [[Camilla Orlando]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Thaís Lima |11 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Benfica |- |2 |DF !Thaynara |20 March 2006 (aged 20) |11 |1 | Botafogo |- |3 |DF !Sofia Couto |2 August 2007 (aged 19) |10 |0 | Flamengo |- |4 |DF !Ana Beatriz |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |7 |0 | São Paulo |- |5 |MF !Emilly Lucas |11 February 2007 (aged 19) |6 |0 | Flamengo |- |6 |DF !Bianca |17 May 2006 (aged 20) |9 |0 | Internacional |- |7 |MF !Gisele |20 May 2007 (aged 19) |22 |4 | Grêmio |- |8 |MF !Nogueira |20 January 2008 (aged 18) |8 |3 | Ferroviária |- |9 |FW !Brendha |17 December 2006 (aged 19) |11 |4 | Flamengo |- |10 |MF !Vitorinha |20 November 2006 (aged 19) |9 |4 | São Paulo |- |11 |MF !Dudinha |27 January 2006 (aged 20) |9 |1 | Ferroviária |- |12 |GK !Eluiza |8 June 2006 (aged 20) |10 |0 | São Paulo |- |13 |MF !Dulce |28 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Corinthians |- |14 |MF !Kaylane |8 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Flamengo |- |15 |FW !Gio Canali |12 February 2006 (aged 20) |8 |0 | Virginia Cavaliers |- |16 |MF !Clarinha |16 January 2006 (aged 20) |9 |3 | Benfica |- |17 |FW !Evelin |8 April 2008 (aged 18) |10 |4 | Santos |- |18 |FW !Carioca |26 February 2006 (aged 20) |7 |2 | Fluminense |- |19 |FW !Tainá |30 November 2006 (aged 19) |9 |2 | Ferroviária |- |20 |MF !Aninha |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Internacional |- |21 |GK !Ana Morganti |30 November 2008 (aged 17) |1 |0 |Corinthians |} ==== Canada ==== De final squad dem announce on 20 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.canadasoccer.com/canada-soccer-announces-21-player-squad-for-fifa-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-2026|title=CANW20 Roster Unveiled for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™|publisher=[[Canada Soccer Association]]|date=20 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Cindy Tye]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Noelle Henning |4 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Michigan State Spartans |- |2 |DF !Inès Nourani |18 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | UConn Huskies |- |3 |DF !Iba Oching |28 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |4 |DF !Janet Okeke |1 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | NC State Wolfpack |- |5 |DF !Stephanie Schoeley |20 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Providence Friars |- |6 |MF !Olivia Chisholm |5 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | AFC Toronto |- |7 |MF !Teegan Melenhorst |31 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Miami Hurricanes |- |8 |MF !Jeneva Hernandez Gray |5 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Sporting CP |- |9 |FW !Annabelle Chukwu |8 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Notre Dame Fighting Irish |- |10 |FW !Kaylee Hunter |22 January 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | AFC Toronto |- |11 |FW !Léa Larouche |20 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |12 |DF !Jadea Collin |29 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Wisconsin Badgers |- |13 |FW !Emma Yee |28 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Illinois Fighting Illini |- |14 |DF !Chloe Taylor |2 September 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Auburn Tigers |- |15 |DF !Bridget Mutipula |5 August 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Florida State Seminoles |- |16 |MF !Noelle Sather |2 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Baylor Bears |- |17 |FW !Liana Tarasco |14 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |18 |GK !Khadijah Cissé |18 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |19 |FW !Sariyah Bailey |17 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |LSU Tigers |- |20 |MF !Sienna Gibson |18 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UBC Thunderbirds |- |21 |GK !Madison London |22 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |New Mexico Lobos |} ==== England ==== De final squad dem announce on on 21 August 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McHugh |first=Beth |date=21 August 2026 |title=England WU20s squad named for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Aug/21/england-wu20s-squad-announced-for-wu20-world-cup-20260821 |access-date=21 August 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> On 30 August 2026, na dem announce say [[Lauryn Thompson]] withdraw from de tournament squad secof injury; she be replaced by [[Layla Drury]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 August 2026 |title=Drury steps into WU20s World Cup squad |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Aug/30/england-wu20s-world-cup-squad-update-20263008 |access-date=30 August 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> On 4 September 2026, [[Erica Meg Parkinson]] withdraw to remain plus ein club North Carolina Courage; she be replaced by [[Vivienne Lia]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2026 |title=Vivienne Lia called into WU20 World Cup squad |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Sep/04/Vivienne-Lia-called-to-WU20-World-Cup-squad |access-date=4 September 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> Head coach: [[Lydia Bedford]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Katie Cox |28 April 2006 (aged 20) | | | Nottingham Forest |- |2 |DF !Ria Bose |7 February 2006 (aged 20) | | | West Ham United |- |3 |DF !Chloe Sarwie |19 December 2008 (aged 17) | | | Chelsea |- |4 |MF !May Cruft |6 September 2009 (aged 16) | | | Rangers |- |5 |DF !Zara Shaw |6 June 2007 (aged 19) | | | Liverpool |- |6 |DF !Cecily Wellesley-Smith |4 January 2007 (aged 19) | | | Rosengård |- |7 |MF !Eleanor Klinger |4 November 2006 (aged 19) | | | Stanford Cardinal |- |8 |FW !Vivienne Lia |27 September 2006 (aged 19) | | | Eintracht Frankfurt |- |9 |FW !Princess Ademiluyi |14 July 2006 (aged 20) | | | Ipswich Town |- |10 |MF !Lola Brown |31 October 2007 (aged 18) | | | Chelsea |- |11 |MF !Vera Jones |18 February 2008 (aged 18) | | | Watford |- |12 |DF !Rachel Maltby |25 March 2007 (aged 19) | | | Aston Villa |- |13 |GK !Kaiya Jota |25 August 2006 (aged 19) | | | Stanford Cardinal |- |14 |MF !Chloe Hylton |25 April 2007 (aged 19) | | | Carolina Ascent |- |15 |DF !Lucy Newell |2 October 2006 (aged 19) | | | Manchester United |- |16 |FW !Eva Hendle |30 April 2008 (aged 18) | | | Rangers |- |17 |FW !Layla Drury |12 June 2009 (aged 17) | | | Manchester United |- |18 |FW !Lily Dent |5 September 2006 (aged 20) | | | Sunderland |- |19 |FW !Jessie Gale |23 August 2006 (aged 20) | | | Newcastle United |- |20 |DF !Sacha Lewis |28 February 2008 (aged 18) | | | Manchester City |- |21 |GK !Eve Annets |19 March 2006 (aged 20) | | | Hibernian |} ==== Tanzania ==== Head coach: [[Bakari Shime]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Nusra Jafari |20 December 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |2 |DF !Neema Damas |16 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |3 |FW !Winfrida Gerald |26 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |4 |MF !Lidya Kabambo |27 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |5 |DF !Edina Makamba |5 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Tausi FC |- |6 |MF !Elizabeth Mwimi |23 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |7 |FW !Hasnath Ubamba |8 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |8 |FW !Mary Siyame |25 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |9 |FW !Bahati Kizanguzi |24 October 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Bunda Queens |- |10 |MF !Winfrida Mathias |20 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |11 |FW !Jamila Mnunduka |10 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |12 |DF !Asha Ramadhani |5 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |13 |MF !Alia Salum |1 September 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |14 |MF !Christer Bazil |17 September 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |15 |DF !Diana Mnally |11 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Yanga Princess |- |16 |DF !Ester Marwa |3 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |17 |DF !Veronica Mapunda |27 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Mashujaa Queens |- |18 |GK !Mariam Manyerere |12 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Bunda Queens |- |19 |DF !Milembe John |14 March 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Alliance Girls |- |20 |GK !Rhobi Ngeya |23 July 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 | Alliance Girls |- |21 |DF !Winfrida John |26 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Mashujaa Queens |} === Group C === ==== Ecuador ==== Head coach: [[Eduardo Moscoso]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Domenica Palacios |19 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Flamengo |- |2 |DF !Noemi Camacho |10 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |3 |DF !Maite Zambrano |13 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |4 |DF !Kathleen Mendoza |19 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |5 |MF !Evelyn Burgos |19 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |6 |DF !Scarlet Garaicoa |25 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |7 |MF !Maritxell Cazares |21 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |8 |MF !Fiorella Pico |10 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |9 |FW !Domenica Arboleda |25 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | AC Milan |- |10 |FW !Mary Guerra |7 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |11 |FW !Dariana Moran |29 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |12 |GK !Maria Rodriguez |28 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |13 |FW !Josenka Velez |4 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |14 |DF !Aireen Mogro |18 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |15 |MF !Karolina Villacis |19 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |16 |FW !Xiomara Alcivar |14 September 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |17 |MF !Erika Saltos |28 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |18 |MF !Rosa Flores |26 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |19 |DF !Rosa Estupinan |2 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |20 |FW !Emily Vargas |7 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |21 |GK !Dayarlin Alcivar |25 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |} ==== France ==== De final squad dem announce on 18 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fff.fr/article/17181-la-liste-pour-le-mondial-2026.html|title=La liste pour le Mondial 2026|trans-title=The squad for the 2026 World Cup|lang=fr|first=Vincent|last=Orsini|publisher=[[French Football Federation]]|date=18 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Philippe Joly (footballer)|Philippe Joly]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Alyssa Fernandes |1 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |2 |DF !Céleste Delcroix |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Saint-Étienne |- |3 |DF !Chiara Baylet |19 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |4 |DF !Juliane Denizot |15 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Nantes |- |5 |DF !Aude Bizet |14 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Fleury |- |6 |MF !Kenza Roche Dufour |3 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Paris FC |- |7 |MF !Clara Bertrand |1 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lens |- |8 |MF !Lina Gay |17 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |9 |FW !Célia Chabod |28 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |10 |FW !Ornella Graziani |19 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Paris Saint-Germain |- |11 |FW !Justine Rouquet |6 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |12 |MF !Romane Rafalski |3 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Lyon |- |13 |FW !Almudena Sierra |27 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Hamburger SV |- |14 |MF !Mariah Gueguen |18 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Parma |- |15 |MF !Landryna Lushimba Bilombi |14 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lens |- |16 |GK !Ceylin Yilmaz |9 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |17 |MF !Kadidia Traore |13 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Paris FC |- |18 |FW !Naomi Ekwalla |20 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Fleury |- |19 |FW !Naolia Traore |22 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Paris Saint-Germain |- |20 |MF !Louise Kleczewski |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | US Saint-Malo |- |21 |GK !Elisa Gautier |25 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Standard Liège |} ==== Ghana ==== Head coach: [[Charles Sampson (footballer)|Charles Sampson]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Najat Salam |10 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tamale Super Ladies |- |2 |DF !Salma Naazo |4 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Savannah Ladies |- |3 |MF !Latifa Musah |25 July 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sissamba Ladies |- |4 |DF !Diana Amoako |2 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ampem Darkoa Ladies |- |5 |DF !Rubby Osei |30 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Hasaacas Ladies |- |6 |MF !Latifa Abesik |2 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ampem Darkoa Ladies |- |7 |FW !Jackline Ntoso |11 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Epiphany Warriors |- |8 |MF !Esther Asamoah Yiadom |10 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Army Ladies |- |9 |FW !Priscilla Mensah |7 April 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sissamba Ladies |- |10 |FW !Ruth Amponsah |16 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Taft Rhinos |- |11 |FW !Angel Akanyirige |4 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Chicago State Cougars |- |12 |FW !Ivy Osei Owusu |9 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |13 |FW !Jennifer Dawah |10 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Epiphany Warriors |- |14 |DF !Alexandra Tay |1 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Stanford Cardinal |- |15 |DF !Margaret Agyapomaa |5 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Police Ladies |- |16 |GK !Precious Akanguwie |1 November 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Hearts of Oak |- |17 |MF !Sarah Nyarko |24 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |18 |FW !Agnes Yeboah |29 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Meizhou Hakka |- |19 |DF !Juliana Gyekyewaa |26 January 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Rootz Sistaz |- |20 |DF !Precious Asante |6 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |21 |GK !Ruth Agudu Sebbie |11 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Valued Girls |} ==== South Korea ==== De final squad dem announce on 11 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.starnewskorea.com/en/sports/2026/08/11/2026081111101092998|title=[Official] 'Challenging for Back-to-Back Round of 16' U20 Women's World Cup Final Roster Announced|author=Kim Myeong-seok|newspaper=[[Star News (South Korea)|Star News]]|date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Park Youn-jeong]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Jeong Da-hee |13 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Daeduk College |- |2 |DF !Yoon Ah-yeong |14 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dankook University |- |3 |DF !Cheon Si-woo |9 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |4 |DF !Jung Da-bin |4 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Uiduk University |- |5 |DF !Nam Seung-eun |10 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Bunnys Gunma FC White Star |- |6 |MF !Han Min-seo |22 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Korea University |- |7 |MF !Kim Yi-young |15 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |8 |MF !Jin Hye-rin |29 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Korea University |- |9 |FW !Lee Ha-eun |21 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |10 |FW !Lee Ha-eun |20 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Uiduk University |- |11 |FW !Jo Hye-young |18 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Madrid CFF |- |12 |MF !Park Ji-yu |6 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |13 |DF !Maeng Hui-jin |13 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Gangwon State University |- |14 |FW !Shin Jee-yun |18 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ulsan Hyundai HS |- |15 |FW !Park Ju-ha |10 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Daekyeung University |- |16 |MF !Choi Ju-hong |23 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Daekyeung University |- |17 |MF !Beom Ye-ju |12 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |18 |GK !Kim Chae-been |14 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Gwangyang Girls' HS |- |19 |FW !Kim Min-seo |24 August 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ulsan Hyundai HS |- |20 |MF !Baek Seo-yeong |16 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Gyeongnam Robot HS |- |21 |GK !Kim Gyu-rin |24 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |} === Group D === ==== Italy ==== A preliminary 26-player squad dem announce on 6 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.figc.it/it/nazionali/news/inizia-il-percorso-di-avvicinamento-al-mondiale-under-20-26-calciatrici-convocate-per-lo-stage-di-coverciano-atb3jh8e|title=Inizia il percorso di avvicinamento al Mondiale Under 20: 26 calciatrici convocate per lo stage di Coverciano|trans-title=The approach to the Under-20 World Cup begins: 26 players called up for the Coverciano stage|lang=it|publisher=[[Italian Football Federation]]|date=6 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Nicola Matteucci]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Elena Belli |10 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |2 |DF !Lidia Consolini |15 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |3 |DF !Caterina Venturelli |15 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sassuolo |- |4 |DF !Martina Cocino |27 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Aarau |- |5 |DF !Azzurra Gallo |20 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |6 |MF !Maya Cherubini |14 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Fiorentina |- |7 |FW !Giulia Galli |23 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Roma |- |8 |MF !Paola Fadda |5 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Sassuolo |- |9 |FW !Rosanna Ventriglia |13 December 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Ternana |- |10 |FW !Giada Pellegrino Cimò |7 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Roma |- |11 |FW !Karen Appiah |23 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cesena |- |12 |GK !Lavinia Tornaghi |22 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | AC Milan |- |13 |DF !Martina Tosello |26 December 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cesena |- |14 |MF !Sofia Testa |5 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ternana |- |15 |DF !Emma Lombardi |20 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Fiorentina |- |16 |DF !Martina Bressan |9 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |17 |MF !Marta Zamboni |5 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Como |- |18 |MF !Giada Catena |29 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Res Roma |- |19 |FW !Manuela Sciabica |19 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lazio |- |20 |FW !Gabriella Langella |15 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Napoli |- |21 |GK !Erica Di Nallo |5 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Vicenza |} ==== Japan ==== De final squad dem announce on 18 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jfa.jp/eng/news/00036632/|title=U-20 Japan Women's National Team squad & schedule - FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™ (8/25-9/29＠Poland)|publisher=[[Japan Football Association]]|date=18 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: {{ill|Akira Ijiri|ja|井尻明}} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Uruha Iwasaki |13 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Nojima Stella Kanagawa |- |2 |DF !Yuna Aoki |7 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |3 |DF !Tamami Aso |26 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |4 |DF !Mitsuki Ota |20 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | INAC Kobe Leonessa |- |5 |MF !Yura Honda |1 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Nittaidai FC Ladies |- |6 |MF !Asako Furuta |23 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Tezukayama Gakuin University |- |7 |MF !Miyu Matsunaga |8 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |8 |MF !Rinka Higuchi |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Chifure AS Elfen Saitama |- |9 |FW !Natsumi Tago |5 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Cerezo Osaka Yanmar |- |10 |FW !Miku Matsuzawa |9 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Kanagawa University |- |11 |FW !Anon Tsuda |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Mynavi Sendai |- |12 |GK !Hinaha Ishida |28 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Sanfrecce Hiroshima Regina |- |13 |MF !Noa Fukushima |12 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | JFA Academy Fukushima |- |14 |MF !Miharu Shinjo |5 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |15 |DF !Haruko Suzuki |11 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Nittaidai FC Ladies |- |16 |DF !Hibari Hara |17 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Chifure AS Elfen Saitama |- |17 |DF !Momoka Sano |17 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JFA Academy Fukushima |- |18 |DF !Mone Sato |15 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | RB Omiya Ardija |- |19 |MF !Yuka Kurimoto |9 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Tsukuba University |- |20 |MF !Konoha Nakamura |27 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cerezo Osaka Yanmar |- |21 |GK !Sako Nawa |29 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Cerezo Osaka Yanmar |} ==== New Zealand ==== De final squad dem announce on 17 August.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/football/new-zealand-under-20-womens-world-cup-squad-named-amid-boycott-threat-over-gianni-infantino-fifa-leadership/PUYIGBGKDFGTDHNACJ7VS5OM2E/|title=New Zealand Under-20 Women’s World Cup squad named amid boycott threat over Gianni Infantino Fifa leadership|first=Samuel|last=Sherry|date=18 August 2026|access-date=20 August 2026|newspaper=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|archive-date=19 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260819084426/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/football/new-zealand-under-20-womens-world-cup-squad-named-amid-boycott-threat-over-gianni-infantino-fifa-leadership/PUYIGBGKDFGTDHNACJ7VS5OM2E/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nzfootball.co.nz/newsarticle/169072?newsfeedId=1275608|title=New Zealand Names Squad for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup In Poland|date=17 August 2026|access-date=20 August 2026|website=[[New Zealand Football]]}}</ref> Head coach: [[Callum Holmes]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Club |- |14 |MF !Mikaela Bangalan |30 March 2008 (aged 18) |Wellington Phoenix |- |7 |MF !Grace Bartlett |16 May 2007 (aged 19) |Auckland United |- |20 |FW !Laura Bennett |18 November 2008 (aged 17) |Melville United |- |10 |MF !Zoe Benson |14 August 2006 (aged 20) |Wellington Phoenix |- |6 |MF !Daisy Brazendale |12 March 2006 (aged 20) |Free agent |- |19 |FW !Lily Brazendale |6 May 2006 (aged 20) |Wellington Phoenix |- |2 |MF !Penny Brill |11 July 2006 (aged 20) | Xavier Musketeers |- |16 |MF !Amber De Wit |20 November 2007 (aged 18) |North Dakota State Bison |- |13 |DF !Freya Des Fountain |7 February 2008 (aged 18) |Wellington Phoenix |- |17 |MF !Grace Duncan |3 April 2008 (aged 18) |Washington Huskies |- |4 |DF !Charli Dunn |20 March 2007 (aged 19) |Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders |- |5 |DF !Alyssha Eglinton |16 January 2007 (aged 19) | Wellington Phoenix |- |11 |GK !Scarlett Gray |15 December 2007 (aged 18) |Sydney University |- |3 |DF !Mackenzie Greene |4 January 2006 (aged 20) |Wellington Phoenix |- |21 |GK !Nienke Holland |8 July 2010 (aged 16) |AZ Alkmaar |- |11 |FW !Emily Lyon |17 July 2006 (aged 20) |West Coast Rangers |- |15 |DF !Charley March |11 April 2008 (aged 18) |Auckland United |- |8 |MF !Charlotte Mortlock |9 March 2006 (aged 20) |Northern Tigers |- |1 |GK !Brooke Neary |14 October 2007 (aged 18) |Wellington Phoenix |- |18 |FW !Poppy O'Brien |26 February 2007 (aged 19) |Colorado State Rams |- |9 |FW !Pia Vlok |4 September 2008 (aged 18) | Wellington Phoenix |} ==== United States ==== De final squad dem announce on 19 August 2026.<ref name="U.S. U-20 WNT Head Coach Vicky Jepson Names 21-Player Roster for 2026 FIFA Under-20 Women's World Cup in Poland">{{cite web |title=U.S. U-20 WNT Head Coach Vicky Jepson Names 21-Player Roster for 2026 FIFA Under-20 Women's World Cup in Poland |url=https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2026/08/ynt-u20-wnt/vicky-jepson-names-21-player-roster-u20-fifa-world-cup-poland |website=USSoccer.com |access-date=3 September 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Vicky Jepson]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Caroline Birkel |25 August 2006 (aged 20) |6 |0 | Stanford Cardinal |- |2 |DF !Aven Alvarez |14 November 2006 (aged 19) |8 |0 | North Carolina Tar Heels |- |3 |DF !Emma Johnson |30 July 2007 (aged 19) |8 |1 | Penn State Nittany Lions |- |4 |DF !Ella Bard |21 March 2007 (aged 19) |5 |0 | Louisville Cardinals |- |5 |DF !Lizzie Boamah |29 January 2006 (aged 20) |5 |0 |Stanford Cardinal |- |6 |MF !Ainsley McCammon |16 August 2007 (aged 19) |6 |0 | Seattle Reign |- |7 |FW !Audrey McKeen |26 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Racing Louisville |- |8 |MF !Kennedy Fuller |9 March 2007 (aged 19) |5 |1 |Bay FC |- |9 |FW !Alex Buck |14 February 2006 (aged 20) |4 |2 | Washington Huskies |- |10 |MF !Linda Ullmark |21 April 2006 (aged 20) |6 |6 | Houston Dash |- |11 |FW !Emeri Adames |3 April 2006 (aged 20) |15 |2 | Seattle Reign |- |12 |GK !Evan O'Steen |22 March 2008 (aged 18) |2 |0 | Seattle Reign |- |13 |DF !Katie Scott |20 June 2007 (aged 19) |11 |1 | Kansas City Current |- |14 |DF !Hope Munson |18 July 2006 (aged 20) |5 |0 | North Carolina Tar Heels |- |15 |DF !Pearl Cecil |24 January 2008 (aged 18) |1 |0 | Virginia Cavaliers |- |16 |MF !Y-Lan Nguyen |2 June 2007 (aged 19) |4 |0 | Stanford Cardinal |- |17 |FW !Micayla Johnson |18 January 2008 (aged 18) |7 |3 | Chicago Stars |- |18 |MF !Nyanya Touray |25 July 2008 (aged 18) |4 |0 | Florida State Seminoles |- |19 |FW !Sealey Strawn |1 October 2007 (aged 18) |6 |1 | Dallas Trinity |- |20 |FW !Lily Joseph |15 August 2006 (aged 20) |1 |0 | Notre Dame Fighting Irish |- |21 |GK !Kealey Titmuss |15 September 2006 (aged 19) |3 |0 | Penn State Nittany Lions |} == References == <references /> == External links == cvvsnir5djuyscbngcqgx734jpop8a0 112451 112446 2026-09-24T23:56:56Z DaSupremo 9 /* Group E */ Improve article 112451 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} De '''2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup''' (Polish: ''Mistrzostwa Świata FIFA U-20 Kobiet Polska 2026'') be de 12th edition of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, de biennial international women's youth football championship wey be contested by de under-20 national teams of de member associations of FIFA. Dem dey host am by Poland. E be de second time wey na Poland host a FIFA tournament having host de men's FIFA U-20 World Cup insyd 2019. E sanso be de first time wey Poland host a FIFA women's tournament.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/organisation/fifa-council/media-releases/fifa-council-appoints-chile-and-poland-as-hosts-of-fifa-youth-competitions|title=FIFA Council appoints Chile and Poland as hosts of FIFA youth competitions|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association|website=FIFA.com|access-date=17 December 2023|date=17 December 2023}}</ref> North Korea be de defending champions, na dem win a joint-record third title insyd 2024. ==Host selection== Na dem announce Poland as de 2026 Women's U-20 World Cup hosts following de FIFA Council meeting on 17 December 2023 insyd [[Jeddah]], [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Polska gospodarzem Mistrzostw Świata Kobiet U-20 w 2026 roku! |url=https://pzpn.pl/federacja/aktualnosci/2023-12-17/polska-gospodarzem-mistrzostw-swiata-kobiet-u-20-w-2026-roku |access-date=18 December 2023 |publisher=[[Polish Football Association]]|date=17 December 2023 |language=pl}}</ref> ==Teams== ===Qualification=== [[File:2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup qualified teams map.svg|thumb|430x430px|right|upright=1.5|{{legend|#0000ff|Teams qualified}}{{Legend|#ffcc00|Teams failed to qualify}}{{Legend|#000000|Teams withdrew or suspended}}{{legend|#cccccc|Did not enter}}{{Legend|#939393|Not a FIFA member}}]] A total of 24 teams qualify for de final tournament. In addition to Poland wey qualify automatically as hosts, de oda 23 teams qualify from six separate continental competitions. De slot allocation remain unchanged from de previous edition. * [[Asian Football Confederation|AFC]] (Asia): 4 slots * [[Confederation of African Football|CAF]] (Africa): 4 slots * [[CONCACAF]] (North, Central America den Caribbean): 4 slots * [[CONMEBOL]] (South America): 4 slots * [[Oceania Football Confederation|OFC]] (Oceania): 2 slots * [[UEFA]] (Europe): 6 slots (wey dey include hosts Poland) De host nations [[Poland women's national under-20 football team|Poland]], along plus [[Portugal women's national under-20 football team|Portugal]], [[New Caledonia women's national under-20 football team|New Caledonia]], [[Ecuador women's national under-20 football team|Ecuador]], [[Tanzania women's national under-20 football team|Tanzania]] den [[Benin women's national under-20 football team|Benin]] make dema debut at de U-20 Women's World Cup, plus New Caledonia den Benin make dema first appearance insyd a FIFA women's tournament. For de first time ever [[Germany women's national under-20 football team|Germany]] fail to qualify, having participated insyd all editions til [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]. {{clear}} {|class="wikitable sortable" |- !rowspan=2|Qualifying tournament !rowspan=2|Team !rowspan=2|Qualification date !colspan=4 data-sort-type="number"|Appearance(s) !rowspan=2|Previous best performance |- !{{Tooltip|Total|Including this edition}} !First !Last !{{abbr|Streak|Current consecutive appearances streak}} |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup]] |{{fbwu|20|CHN}} |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|4|11|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|7th|China's previous appearances came in 2004, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2014 and 2018.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]], [[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]]) |- |Japan |align="center"|{{abbr|9th|Japan's previous appearances came in 2002, 2008, 2010, 2012 (hosts), 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|5 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]]) |- |North Korea |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|4|12|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|9th|North Korea's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|2 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]], [[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]], [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |South Korea |align="center"|{{abbr|8th|South Korea's previous appearances came in 2004, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 African U-20 Women's World Cup qualification]] |Ghana |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|5|9|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|8th|Ghana's previous appearances came in 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|8 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} (''seven times'') |- |Nigeria |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|Nigeria's previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]]) |- |Benin |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|5|10|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Tanzania |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2025 CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship]] |Canada |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|5|31|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|Canada's previous appearances came in 2002 (hosts), 2004, 2006, 2008, 2012, 2014 (hosts), 2016, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]]) |- |{{fbwu|20|MEX}} |align="center"|{{abbr|11th|Mexico's previous appearances came in 2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|10 |{{sort|08|Quarter-finals}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]], [[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |- |{{nowrap|{{fbwu|20|USA}}}} |align="center"|{{dts|2025|6|1|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|United States' previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]], [[2008 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2008]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]]) |- |Costa Rica |align="center"|{{dts|2025|6|3|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|5th|Costa Rica's previous appearances came in 2010, 2014, 2022 (hosts) and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]], [[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]], [[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=4|[[2026 South American Under-20 Women's Football Championship|2026 South American U-20 Women's Championship]] |{{fbwu|20|BRA}} |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|2|22|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|12th|Brazil's previous appearances came in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|12 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]], [[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |- |Ecuador |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Argentina |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2026|2|28|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|5th|Argentina's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2012, and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|2 |{{sort|16|Round of 16}} ([[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]]) |- |Colombia |align="center"|{{abbr|4th|Colombia's previous appearances came in 2010, 2022 and 2024 (hosts).}} |align="center"|[[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|3 |{{sort|04|Fourth place}} ([[2010 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2010]]) |- |align="center" rowspan=2|[[2025 OFC U-19 Women's Championship]] |New Caledonia |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|10|1|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |New Zealand |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|New Zealand's previous appearances came in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship|2006]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|10 |{{sort|08|Quarter-finals}} ([[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]]) |- |align="center"|Host nation |Poland |align="center"|{{dts|2023|12|17|format=dmy}} |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |align="center" rowspan=5|[[2025 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship|2025 UEFA Women's U-19 Championship]] |France |align="center" rowspan=2|{{dts|2025|6|18|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|10th|France's previous appearances came in 2002, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2014, 2016, 2018 (hosts), 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|6 |{{sort|02|Runners-up}} ([[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]]) |- |{{fbwu|20|ITA}} |align="center"|{{abbr|3rd|Italy's previous appearances came in 2004 and 2012.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|24|Group stage}} ([[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]], [[2012 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2012]]) |- |England |align="center" rowspan=3|{{dts|2025|6|21|format=dmy}} |align="center"|{{abbr|6th|England's previous appearances came in 2002, 2008, 2010, 2014 and 2018.}} |align="center"|[[2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2002]] |align="center"|[[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] |align="center"|1 |{{sort|03|Third place}} ([[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]]) |- |Portugal |align="center"|1st |align="center" colspan=4|{{sort|99|''Debut''}} |- |Spain |align="center"|{{abbr|6th|Spain's previous appearances came in 2004, 2016, 2018, 2022 and 2024.}} |align="center"|[[2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship|2004]] |align="center"|[[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] |align="center"|5 |{{sort|01|'''Champions'''}} ([[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]]) |} ===Draw=== De draw take place on 15 May 2026 at de EC1 Cultural Center insyd Łódź, Poland.<ref name="Draw">{{cite web|url=https://www.plus.fifa.com/en/content/draw-fifa-u-20-women-s-world-cup-poland-2026/0230b215-9fdf-4404-8b46-acfb65c3076a |title=Draw {{!}} FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association|accessdate=7 May 2026}}</ref> Na dem divide de 24 teams into four pots of 6, wey hosts Poland dem automatically place insyd Pot 1. Na de remaining teams be allocated according to a ranking based on performances insyd de last five editions of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, plus greater weight given to more recent tournaments. Teams from Pots 1 to 4 go be drawn into Groups A to F, wey dem empty each pot before moving to de next. Poland go be assigned to position A1, while de remaining Pot 1 teams go automatically occupy position 1 insyd Groups B to F. For each draw, a team ball go be drawn first, wey a group-position ball follow wey dey determine ein placement within de group. FIFA ein general principle be to avoid, whenever possible, having more dan one team from de same confederation insyd de same group. {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;white-space:nowrap" |+ Pots |- !rowspan=2|Pot !rowspan=2|Team !rowspan=2|Confederation ![[2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2014]] ![[2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2016]] ![[2018 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2018]] ![[2022 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2022]] ![[2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup|2024]] !rowspan=2|Total<br />points |- !Points<br /><small>(20%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(40%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(60%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(80%)</small> !Points<br /><small>(100%)</small> |- |rowspan=6|1 |align=left|Poland '''(H)'''||UEFA||colspan=7|Host nation, dem automatically assign to Pot 1 |- |align=left|Japan||AFC||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4.8||9||10.4||18||'''42.2''' |- |align=left|Spain||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||7.8||12.8||12||'''35''' |- |align=left|North Korea||AFC||1.4||7.2||3.6||{{abbr|W|Withdrew}}||21||'''33.2''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|BRA}}||CONMEBOL||0.2||1.6||0.6||10.4||12||'''24.8''' |- |align=left|France||UEFA||2.6||4.4||6.6||5.6||4||'''23.2''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|2 |align=left|{{fbwu|20|USA}}||CONCACAF||1.4||3.2||2.4||2.4||13||'''22.4''' |- |align=left|Nigeria||CAF||2.6||2.4||2.4||7.2||6||'''20.6''' |- |align=left|Colombia||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4||13||'''17''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|MEX}}||CONCACAF||0.4||2.4||1.8||4||4||'''12.6''' |- |align=left|South Korea||AFC||1||1.2||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||4||'''8.6''' |- |align=left|England||UEFA||0.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||6.6||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''7''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|3 |align=left|Ghana||CAF||1.2||0.8||1.8||0||3||'''6.8''' |- |align=left|Canada||CONCACAF||1.2||0||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||0||4||'''5.2''' |- |align=left|New Zealand||OFC||1.2||1.2||0.6||1.6||0||'''4.6''' |- |align=left|Argentina||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||4||'''4''' |- |align=left|{{fbwu|20|CHN}}||AFC||0.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||2.4||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''2.8''' |- |align=left|Costa Rica||CONCACAF||0||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||0||0||'''0''' |- |colspan=14 bgcolor=lightgrey| |- |rowspan=6|4 |align=left|{{fbwu|20|ITA}}||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Portugal||UEFA||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Ecuador||CONMEBOL||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Benin||CAF||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|Tanzania||CAF||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |- |align=left|New Caledonia||OFC||{{Abbr|DNE|Did not enter}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||{{Abbr|DNQ|Did not qualify}}||'''0''' |} ==Venues== Na [[Łódź]], [[Katowice]], [[Sosnowiec]], den [[Bielsko-Biała]] be de cities dem nominate to host de competition on 8 May 2025.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dziennikzachodni.pl/mistrzostwa-swiata-w-pilce-noznej-kobiet-u-20-w-katowicach-sosnowcu-lodzi-oraz-w-tychach-lub-bielsku-bialej/ar/c2p2-27563001 |title=Mistrzostwa świata w piłce nożnej kobiet U-20 w Katowicach, Sosnowcu, Łodzi oraz w Tychach lub Bielsku-Białej |date=8 May 2025 |access-date=9 May 2025|website=dziennikzachodni.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem be de official venues wey FIFA announce insyd 6 September 2025.<ref name="Emblem2">{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=One-year countdown to FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™: Host Cities and Official Brand revealed |url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/one-year-countdown-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-host-cities-official-brand |access-date=6 September 2025 |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> {{OSM Location map | coord = {{coord|50.7|19.2}} | zoom = 7 | width = 400 | height = 400 | mark-size1 = 16 | shape1 = n-circle | caption = Location of de host cities of de FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland.<div style="font-size:80%">{{col-begin}}{{Col-3}}{{Ubl | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|1|blue}} [[Łódź]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|2|blue}} [[Katowice]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|3|blue}} [[Sosnowiec]] | {{#invoke:overlay|icon|4|blue}} [[Bielsko-Biała]] }}{{col-end}}</div> | mark-coord1 = {{Coord|51.7769|19.4547}} | shape-color1 = blue | mark-title1 = [[Łódź]] | mark-description1 = [[Władysław Król Municipal Stadium]] | mark-coord2 = {{Coord|50.2625|19.0217}} | shape-color2 = blue | mark-title2 = [[Katowice]] | mark-description2 = [[Arena Katowice]] | mark-coord3 = {{Coord|50.2518|18.9747}} | shape-color3 = blue | mark-title3 = [[Sosnowiec]] | mark-description3 = [[Zagłębie Sports Park]] | mark-coord4 = {{Coord|49.8225|19.0444}} | shape-color4 = blue | mark-title4 = [[Bielsko-Biała]] | mark-description4 = [[Bielsko-Biała Stadium]] }} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+2026 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup venues |- !|[[Łódź]] !|[[Katowice]] |- | [[Władysław Król Municipal Stadium|Stadion ŁKS]] | [[Arena Katowice]] |- | Capacity: '''18,029''' | Capacity: '''15,048''' |- ! [[File:Lodz stadion LKS.jpg|200px]] ! [[File:2025-04 Katowice stadion Arena Katowice (46).jpg|200px]] |- ! [[Sosnowiec]] ! [[Bielsko-Biała]] |- | [[Zagłębie Sports Park]] | [[Bielsko-Biała Stadium|Stadion w Bielsku-Białej]] |- | Capacity: '''11,600''' | Capacity: '''15,316''' |- ! [[File:ArcelorMittal Park.jpg|200px]] ! [[File:Stadion Miejski Bielsko-Biała trybuna wschodnia February 2015.jpg|200px]] |- |} ==Marketing== ===Emblem=== Na de official emblem be revealed on 6 September 2025.<ref name="Emblem">{{cite web|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/one-year-countdown-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-host-cities-official-brand |title=One-year countdown to FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™: Host Cities and Official Brand revealed |date=6 September 2025 |access-date=6 September 2025|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> === Theme song === De official song be titled "Yeyeyo" wey Blanka perform. Na de song be released on 7 August 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Official song for the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™ out now |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/womens/u20womensworldcup/poland-2026/articles/official-song-poland-2026-out-now |access-date=2026-08-20 |website=www.fifa.com}}</ref> === Mascot === De tournament ein mascot be called "Islana". De mascot dey represent spirits from Slavic mythology den shaped after a rusalka. Na dem unveil am on 5 May 2026.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://inside.fifa.com/organisation/news/islana-mascot-fifa-u20-womens-world-cup-2026 |title=Islana™ unveiled as FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup 2026™ mascot|date=5 May 2026 |access-date=7 May 2026|website=FIFA.com|publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association}}</ref> ==Squads== === Group A === ==== Argentina ==== Head coach: Christian Meloni {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Priscila Siben |3 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Banfield |- |2 |FW !Alma Velasco Heim |13 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Levante |- |3 |MF !Carolina Ceniza |12 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |4 |DF !Sofia Quiroga |15 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |5 |MF !Agustina Maldonado |19 March 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |6 |DF !Julia Vinhas |27 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Platense |- |7 |FW !Julieta Aguilar |29 July 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 |Newell's Old Boys |- |8 |MF !Julieta Martínez |3 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |9 |FW !Mercedes Diz |24 February 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |River Plate |- |10 |MF !Brisa Jara |14 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Talleres |- |11 |MF !Dolo Delgado |17 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Atlético Madrid |- |12 |GK !Juana Schipper |14 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Talleres |- |13 |MF !Luzmila Ramirez |25 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |14 |DF !Luisana Araya |4 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Belgrano |- |15 |MF !Morena Calvo |29 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |16 |DF !Camila Ochoa |28 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Independiente |- |17 |FW !Violeta Alvarez |28 April 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Boca Juniors |- |18 |FW !Pia Alvarez |31 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Independiente |- |19 |FW !Annika Paz |16 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |4 |Inter Milan |- |20 |FW !Giselle White |29 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Santa Rosa United |- |21 |GK !Naila Zaninetti |26 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Unión |} ==== Benin ==== Head coach: Ouzérou Abdoulaye {| class="wikitable sortable" ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Larissa Saizonou |21 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | UMSA |- |2 |DF !Mistourath Seibou |14 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |AS Gamia |- |3 |DF !Laura Abikou |26 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |4 |DF !Jocelyne Tetchri |30 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |AS Gamia |- |5 |DF !Assanatou Alassane |1 January 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | AS Cotonou |- |6 |MF !Hermionne Lokossou |29 July 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |AS Lagarde |- |7 |FW !Romaine Gandonou |13 November 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 |AS Tambours FC |- |8 |MF !Mouibath Awena |20 December 2009 (aged 16) |0 |0 |Goutchira Omnisport |- |9 |MF !Rakibatou Sabi Manin |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |AKSP |- |10 |MF !Yasminath Djibril |13 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Aïnonvi FC |- |11 |MF !Angela Gbadessi |5 January 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 |AS Cotonou |- |12 |DF !Deo-Gratias Ebi |13 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |13 |MF !Pierrette Chigblo |16 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Dynamique FC |- |14 |FW !Hosane Soukou |23 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |NSU Demons |- |15 |MF !Fidele Toudonou |19 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UMSA |- |16 |GK !Esther Ogoudare |13 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Espoir FC |- |17 |DF !Estelle Vidinhouede |19 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | UMSA |- |18 |MF !Joelle Kpadonou |15 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Mogbwemo Queens FC |- |19 |FW !Germaine Honfo |24 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Club Municipal Laayoune FF |- |20 |DF !Nailatou Sadikou |2 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |1. FSV Mainz 05 |- |21 |GK !Nadiath Salifou |22 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |AS Cotonou |} ==== Mexico ==== De final squad dem announce on 17 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.foxsports.com.mx/2026/08/17/las-elegidas-seleccion-mexicana-femenil-da-su-lista-final-para-el-mundial-sub-20-de-polonia/|title=¡Las elegidas! Selección Mexicana Femenil da su lista final para el Mundial Sub 20 de Polonia|trans-title=The chosen ones! The Mexican Women's National Team announces its final roster for the U-20 World Cup in Poland|lang=es|publisher=[[Fox Sports (Mexico)|Fox Sports]]|date=17 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: {{flagicon|BRA}} Dorival Bueno {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Mariangela Medina |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |UCLA Bruins |- |2 |DF !Michel Fong |2 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tijuana |- |3 |DF !Natalia Muñoz |10 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |4 |DF !Berenice Ibarra |24 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Pachuca |- |5 |DF !Ana Torres |9 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Atlante |- |6 |MF !Julia Valadez |6 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Pachuca |- |7 |DF !Maria Gonzalez |9 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |8 |MF !Abril Fragoso |15 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Pachuca |- |9 |FW !Deiry Ramirez |30 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tigres UANL |- |10 |FW !Alice Soto |26 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Monterrey |- |11 |MF !Monique Montes |30 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Monterrey |- |12 |GK !Camila Vazquez |17 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Atlas |- |13 |DF !Ashlee Mora |11 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | UTEP Miners |- |14 |MF !Alexa Soto |20 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |15 |DF !Mia Villalpando |10 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 |Tigres UANL |- |16 |MF !Noemi Villalobos |5 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Atlas |- |17 |FW !Jalen Chaney |1 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Creighton Bluejays |- |18 |DF !Arantza Segura |3 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |19 |FW !Montserrat Saldivar |20 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | América |- |20 |DF !Alexa Martinez |31 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Pachuca |- |21 |GK !Valentina Murrieta |22 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 |América |} ==== Poland ==== De final squad dem announce on 10 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web |title=[MŚ WU-20] Powołania do reprezentacji Polski na turniej finałowy |url=https://www.pzpn.pl/reprezentacje/reprezentacje-kobiece/reprezentacja-u-19/aktualnosci/2026-08-10/ms-wu-20-powolania-do-reprezentacji-polski-na-turniej-finalowy |website=pzpn.pl |language=pl |date=10 August 2026 |access-date=2026-08-30 |archive-date=2026-08-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260828032827/https://www.pzpn.pl/reprezentacje/reprezentacje-kobiece/reprezentacja-u-19/aktualnosci/2026-08-10/ms-wu-20-powolania-do-reprezentacji-polski-na-turniej-finalowy |url-status=live }}</ref> Head coach: Marcin Kasprowicz {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Julia Woźniak |15 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Sporting CP |- |2 |DF !Oliwia Łapińska |9 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Czarni Sosnowiec |- |3 |FW !Oliwia Związek |22 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Lech Poznań UAM |- |4 |DF !Magda Piekarska |9 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Roma |- |5 |DF !Emilia Sobierajska |22 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Czarni Sosnowiec |- |6 |DF !Iga Witkowska |27 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Czarni Sosnowiec |- |7 |MF !Krystyna Flis |4 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Basel |- |8 |MF !Zuzanna Witek |19 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | HB Køge |- |9 |FW !Julia Gutowska |17 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | HB Køge |- |10 |MF !Maja Zielińska |11 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Legia Warsaw |- |11 |MF !Oliwia Zgoda |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Czarni Sosnowiec |- |12 |GK !Zuzanna Błaszczyk |17 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Śląsk Wrocław |- |13 |DF !Zofia Pągowska |25 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | UKS SMS Łódź |- |14 |DF !Jagoda Cyraniak |23 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Marseille |- |15 |FW !Weronika Araśniewicz |15 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | VfL Wolfsburg |- |16 |FW !Zuzanna Grzywińska |23 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 |1. FC Nürnberg |- |17 |MF !Lena Świrska |19 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Pogoń Szczecin |- |18 |DF !Martyna Bartczak |25 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UKS SMS Łódź |- |19 |FW !Kinga Wyrwas |21 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Sassuolo |- |20 |MF !Inez Sikora |23 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Górnik Łęczna |- |21 |GK !Hanna Wieczerzak |29 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Real Madrid |} === Group B === ==== Brazil ==== De final squad dem announce on 19 August 2026.<ref name="Camilla Orlando convoca Seleção Feminina Sub-20 para Copa do Mundo">{{cite web |title=Camilla Orlando convoca Seleção Feminina Sub-20 para Copa do Mundo |url=https://www.cbf.com.br/selecao-brasileira/noticias/selecao-feminina-sub-20/a/camilla-orlando-convoca-selecao-feminina-sub-20-para-copa-do-mundo |website=CBF.com.br |access-date=3 September 2026 |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Head coach: [[Camilla Orlando]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Thaís Lima |11 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Benfica |- |2 |DF !Thaynara |20 March 2006 (aged 20) |11 |1 | Botafogo |- |3 |DF !Sofia Couto |2 August 2007 (aged 19) |10 |0 | Flamengo |- |4 |DF !Ana Beatriz |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |7 |0 | São Paulo |- |5 |MF !Emilly Lucas |11 February 2007 (aged 19) |6 |0 | Flamengo |- |6 |DF !Bianca |17 May 2006 (aged 20) |9 |0 | Internacional |- |7 |MF !Gisele |20 May 2007 (aged 19) |22 |4 | Grêmio |- |8 |MF !Nogueira |20 January 2008 (aged 18) |8 |3 | Ferroviária |- |9 |FW !Brendha |17 December 2006 (aged 19) |11 |4 | Flamengo |- |10 |MF !Vitorinha |20 November 2006 (aged 19) |9 |4 | São Paulo |- |11 |MF !Dudinha |27 January 2006 (aged 20) |9 |1 | Ferroviária |- |12 |GK !Eluiza |8 June 2006 (aged 20) |10 |0 | São Paulo |- |13 |MF !Dulce |28 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Corinthians |- |14 |MF !Kaylane |8 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Flamengo |- |15 |FW !Gio Canali |12 February 2006 (aged 20) |8 |0 | Virginia Cavaliers |- |16 |MF !Clarinha |16 January 2006 (aged 20) |9 |3 | Benfica |- |17 |FW !Evelin |8 April 2008 (aged 18) |10 |4 | Santos |- |18 |FW !Carioca |26 February 2006 (aged 20) |7 |2 | Fluminense |- |19 |FW !Tainá |30 November 2006 (aged 19) |9 |2 | Ferroviária |- |20 |MF !Aninha |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Internacional |- |21 |GK !Ana Morganti |30 November 2008 (aged 17) |1 |0 |Corinthians |} ==== Canada ==== De final squad dem announce on 20 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.canadasoccer.com/canada-soccer-announces-21-player-squad-for-fifa-u-20-womens-world-cup-poland-2026|title=CANW20 Roster Unveiled for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™|publisher=[[Canada Soccer Association]]|date=20 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Cindy Tye]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Noelle Henning |4 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Michigan State Spartans |- |2 |DF !Inès Nourani |18 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | UConn Huskies |- |3 |DF !Iba Oching |28 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |4 |DF !Janet Okeke |1 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | NC State Wolfpack |- |5 |DF !Stephanie Schoeley |20 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Providence Friars |- |6 |MF !Olivia Chisholm |5 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | AFC Toronto |- |7 |MF !Teegan Melenhorst |31 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Miami Hurricanes |- |8 |MF !Jeneva Hernandez Gray |5 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Sporting CP |- |9 |FW !Annabelle Chukwu |8 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Notre Dame Fighting Irish |- |10 |FW !Kaylee Hunter |22 January 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | AFC Toronto |- |11 |FW !Léa Larouche |20 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |12 |DF !Jadea Collin |29 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Wisconsin Badgers |- |13 |FW !Emma Yee |28 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Illinois Fighting Illini |- |14 |DF !Chloe Taylor |2 September 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Auburn Tigers |- |15 |DF !Bridget Mutipula |5 August 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Florida State Seminoles |- |16 |MF !Noelle Sather |2 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Baylor Bears |- |17 |FW !Liana Tarasco |14 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Iowa Hawkeyes |- |18 |GK !Khadijah Cissé |18 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |19 |FW !Sariyah Bailey |17 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |LSU Tigers |- |20 |MF !Sienna Gibson |18 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |UBC Thunderbirds |- |21 |GK !Madison London |22 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 |New Mexico Lobos |} ==== England ==== De final squad dem announce on on 21 August 2026.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McHugh |first=Beth |date=21 August 2026 |title=England WU20s squad named for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Aug/21/england-wu20s-squad-announced-for-wu20-world-cup-20260821 |access-date=21 August 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> On 30 August 2026, na dem announce say [[Lauryn Thompson]] withdraw from de tournament squad secof injury; she be replaced by [[Layla Drury]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 August 2026 |title=Drury steps into WU20s World Cup squad |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Aug/30/england-wu20s-world-cup-squad-update-20263008 |access-date=30 August 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> On 4 September 2026, [[Erica Meg Parkinson]] withdraw to remain plus ein club North Carolina Courage; she be replaced by [[Vivienne Lia]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2026 |title=Vivienne Lia called into WU20 World Cup squad |url=https://www.englandfootball.com/articles/2026/Sep/04/Vivienne-Lia-called-to-WU20-World-Cup-squad |access-date=4 September 2026 |website=England Football |language=en}}</ref> Head coach: [[Lydia Bedford]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Katie Cox |28 April 2006 (aged 20) | | | Nottingham Forest |- |2 |DF !Ria Bose |7 February 2006 (aged 20) | | | West Ham United |- |3 |DF !Chloe Sarwie |19 December 2008 (aged 17) | | | Chelsea |- |4 |MF !May Cruft |6 September 2009 (aged 16) | | | Rangers |- |5 |DF !Zara Shaw |6 June 2007 (aged 19) | | | Liverpool |- |6 |DF !Cecily Wellesley-Smith |4 January 2007 (aged 19) | | | Rosengård |- |7 |MF !Eleanor Klinger |4 November 2006 (aged 19) | | | Stanford Cardinal |- |8 |FW !Vivienne Lia |27 September 2006 (aged 19) | | | Eintracht Frankfurt |- |9 |FW !Princess Ademiluyi |14 July 2006 (aged 20) | | | Ipswich Town |- |10 |MF !Lola Brown |31 October 2007 (aged 18) | | | Chelsea |- |11 |MF !Vera Jones |18 February 2008 (aged 18) | | | Watford |- |12 |DF !Rachel Maltby |25 March 2007 (aged 19) | | | Aston Villa |- |13 |GK !Kaiya Jota |25 August 2006 (aged 19) | | | Stanford Cardinal |- |14 |MF !Chloe Hylton |25 April 2007 (aged 19) | | | Carolina Ascent |- |15 |DF !Lucy Newell |2 October 2006 (aged 19) | | | Manchester United |- |16 |FW !Eva Hendle |30 April 2008 (aged 18) | | | Rangers |- |17 |FW !Layla Drury |12 June 2009 (aged 17) | | | Manchester United |- |18 |FW !Lily Dent |5 September 2006 (aged 20) | | | Sunderland |- |19 |FW !Jessie Gale |23 August 2006 (aged 20) | | | Newcastle United |- |20 |DF !Sacha Lewis |28 February 2008 (aged 18) | | | Manchester City |- |21 |GK !Eve Annets |19 March 2006 (aged 20) | | | Hibernian |} ==== Tanzania ==== Head coach: [[Bakari Shime]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Nusra Jafari |20 December 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |2 |DF !Neema Damas |16 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |3 |FW !Winfrida Gerald |26 February 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |4 |MF !Lidya Kabambo |27 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |5 |DF !Edina Makamba |5 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Tausi FC |- |6 |MF !Elizabeth Mwimi |23 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |7 |FW !Hasnath Ubamba |8 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |8 |FW !Mary Siyame |25 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |9 |FW !Bahati Kizanguzi |24 October 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Bunda Queens |- |10 |MF !Winfrida Mathias |20 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Fountain Gate Princess |- |11 |FW !Jamila Mnunduka |10 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |12 |DF !Asha Ramadhani |5 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |13 |MF !Alia Salum |1 September 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Simba Queens |- |14 |MF !Christer Bazil |17 September 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |15 |DF !Diana Mnally |11 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Yanga Princess |- |16 |DF !Ester Marwa |3 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JKT Queens |- |17 |DF !Veronica Mapunda |27 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Mashujaa Queens |- |18 |GK !Mariam Manyerere |12 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Bunda Queens |- |19 |DF !Milembe John |14 March 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Alliance Girls |- |20 |GK !Rhobi Ngeya |23 July 2010 (aged 16) |0 |0 | Alliance Girls |- |21 |DF !Winfrida John |26 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Mashujaa Queens |} === Group C === ==== Ecuador ==== Head coach: [[Eduardo Moscoso]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Domenica Palacios |19 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Flamengo |- |2 |DF !Noemi Camacho |10 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |3 |DF !Maite Zambrano |13 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |4 |DF !Kathleen Mendoza |19 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |5 |MF !Evelyn Burgos |19 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |6 |DF !Scarlet Garaicoa |25 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |7 |MF !Maritxell Cazares |21 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |8 |MF !Fiorella Pico |10 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |9 |FW !Domenica Arboleda |25 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | AC Milan |- |10 |FW !Mary Guerra |7 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |11 |FW !Dariana Moran |29 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |12 |GK !Maria Rodriguez |28 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |13 |FW !Josenka Velez |4 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |14 |DF !Aireen Mogro |18 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |15 |MF !Karolina Villacis |19 May 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |16 |FW !Xiomara Alcivar |14 September 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |17 |MF !Erika Saltos |28 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Universidad Católica |- |18 |MF !Rosa Flores |26 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |- |19 |DF !Rosa Estupinan |2 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Independiente del Valle |- |20 |FW !Emily Vargas |7 June 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Barcelona |- |21 |GK !Dayarlin Alcivar |25 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | LDU Quito |} ==== France ==== De final squad dem announce on 18 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fff.fr/article/17181-la-liste-pour-le-mondial-2026.html|title=La liste pour le Mondial 2026|trans-title=The squad for the 2026 World Cup|lang=fr|first=Vincent|last=Orsini|publisher=[[French Football Federation]]|date=18 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Philippe Joly (footballer)|Philippe Joly]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Alyssa Fernandes |1 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |2 |DF !Céleste Delcroix |30 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Saint-Étienne |- |3 |DF !Chiara Baylet |19 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |4 |DF !Juliane Denizot |15 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Nantes |- |5 |DF !Aude Bizet |14 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Fleury |- |6 |MF !Kenza Roche Dufour |3 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Paris FC |- |7 |MF !Clara Bertrand |1 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lens |- |8 |MF !Lina Gay |17 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |9 |FW !Célia Chabod |28 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |10 |FW !Ornella Graziani |19 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Paris Saint-Germain |- |11 |FW !Justine Rouquet |6 June 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |12 |MF !Romane Rafalski |3 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Lyon |- |13 |FW !Almudena Sierra |27 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Hamburger SV |- |14 |MF !Mariah Gueguen |18 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Parma |- |15 |MF !Landryna Lushimba Bilombi |14 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lens |- |16 |GK !Ceylin Yilmaz |9 March 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Montpellier |- |17 |MF !Kadidia Traore |13 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Paris FC |- |18 |FW !Naomi Ekwalla |20 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Fleury |- |19 |FW !Naolia Traore |22 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Paris Saint-Germain |- |20 |MF !Louise Kleczewski |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | US Saint-Malo |- |21 |GK !Elisa Gautier |25 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Standard Liège |} ==== Ghana ==== Head coach: [[Charles Sampson (footballer)|Charles Sampson]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Najat Salam |10 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tamale Super Ladies |- |2 |DF !Salma Naazo |4 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Savannah Ladies |- |3 |MF !Latifa Musah |25 July 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sissamba Ladies |- |4 |DF !Diana Amoako |2 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ampem Darkoa Ladies |- |5 |DF !Rubby Osei |30 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Hasaacas Ladies |- |6 |MF !Latifa Abesik |2 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ampem Darkoa Ladies |- |7 |FW !Jackline Ntoso |11 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Epiphany Warriors |- |8 |MF !Esther Asamoah Yiadom |10 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Army Ladies |- |9 |FW !Priscilla Mensah |7 April 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sissamba Ladies |- |10 |FW !Ruth Amponsah |16 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Taft Rhinos |- |11 |FW !Angel Akanyirige |4 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Chicago State Cougars |- |12 |FW !Ivy Osei Owusu |9 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |13 |FW !Jennifer Dawah |10 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Epiphany Warriors |- |14 |DF !Alexandra Tay |1 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Stanford Cardinal |- |15 |DF !Margaret Agyapomaa |5 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Police Ladies |- |16 |GK !Precious Akanguwie |1 November 2010 (aged 15) |0 |0 | Hearts of Oak |- |17 |MF !Sarah Nyarko |24 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |18 |FW !Agnes Yeboah |29 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Meizhou Hakka |- |19 |DF !Juliana Gyekyewaa |26 January 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 |Rootz Sistaz |- |20 |DF !Precious Asante |6 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Dreamz Ladies |- |21 |GK !Ruth Agudu Sebbie |11 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Valued Girls |} ==== South Korea ==== De final squad dem announce on 11 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.starnewskorea.com/en/sports/2026/08/11/2026081111101092998|title=[Official] 'Challenging for Back-to-Back Round of 16' U20 Women's World Cup Final Roster Announced|author=Kim Myeong-seok|newspaper=[[Star News (South Korea)|Star News]]|date=11 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Park Youn-jeong]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Jeong Da-hee |13 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 |Daeduk College |- |2 |DF !Yoon Ah-yeong |14 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Dankook University |- |3 |DF !Cheon Si-woo |9 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |4 |DF !Jung Da-bin |4 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Uiduk University |- |5 |DF !Nam Seung-eun |10 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Bunnys Gunma FC White Star |- |6 |MF !Han Min-seo |22 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Korea University |- |7 |MF !Kim Yi-young |15 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |8 |MF !Jin Hye-rin |29 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Korea University |- |9 |FW !Lee Ha-eun |21 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |10 |FW !Lee Ha-eun |20 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Uiduk University |- |11 |FW !Jo Hye-young |18 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Madrid CFF |- |12 |MF !Park Ji-yu |6 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |13 |DF !Maeng Hui-jin |13 September 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Gangwon State University |- |14 |FW !Shin Jee-yun |18 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ulsan Hyundai HS |- |15 |FW !Park Ju-ha |10 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Daekyeung University |- |16 |MF !Choi Ju-hong |23 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Daekyeung University |- |17 |MF !Beom Ye-ju |12 August 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |- |18 |GK !Kim Chae-been |14 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Gwangyang Girls' HS |- |19 |FW !Kim Min-seo |24 August 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Ulsan Hyundai HS |- |20 |MF !Baek Seo-yeong |16 May 2009 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Gyeongnam Robot HS |- |21 |GK !Kim Gyu-rin |24 July 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Ulsan College |} === Group D === ==== Italy ==== A preliminary 26-player squad dem announce on 6 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.figc.it/it/nazionali/news/inizia-il-percorso-di-avvicinamento-al-mondiale-under-20-26-calciatrici-convocate-per-lo-stage-di-coverciano-atb3jh8e|title=Inizia il percorso di avvicinamento al Mondiale Under 20: 26 calciatrici convocate per lo stage di Coverciano|trans-title=The approach to the Under-20 World Cup begins: 26 players called up for the Coverciano stage|lang=it|publisher=[[Italian Football Federation]]|date=6 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Nicola Matteucci]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Elena Belli |10 April 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |2 |DF !Lidia Consolini |15 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |3 |DF !Caterina Venturelli |15 October 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Sassuolo |- |4 |DF !Martina Cocino |27 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Aarau |- |5 |DF !Azzurra Gallo |20 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Toulouse |- |6 |MF !Maya Cherubini |14 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Fiorentina |- |7 |FW !Giulia Galli |23 March 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Roma |- |8 |MF !Paola Fadda |5 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Sassuolo |- |9 |FW !Rosanna Ventriglia |13 December 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Ternana |- |10 |FW !Giada Pellegrino Cimò |7 October 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Roma |- |11 |FW !Karen Appiah |23 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cesena |- |12 |GK !Lavinia Tornaghi |22 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | AC Milan |- |13 |DF !Martina Tosello |26 December 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cesena |- |14 |MF !Sofia Testa |5 July 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Ternana |- |15 |DF !Emma Lombardi |20 September 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Fiorentina |- |16 |DF !Martina Bressan |9 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Inter Milan |- |17 |MF !Marta Zamboni |5 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Como |- |18 |MF !Giada Catena |29 December 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Res Roma |- |19 |FW !Manuela Sciabica |19 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Lazio |- |20 |FW !Gabriella Langella |15 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Napoli |- |21 |GK !Erica Di Nallo |5 January 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Vicenza |} ==== Japan ==== De final squad dem announce on 18 August 2026.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jfa.jp/eng/news/00036632/|title=U-20 Japan Women's National Team squad & schedule - FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup Poland 2026™ (8/25-9/29＠Poland)|publisher=[[Japan Football Association]]|date=18 August 2026}}</ref> Head coach: {{ill|Akira Ijiri|ja|井尻明}} {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Uruha Iwasaki |13 March 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Nojima Stella Kanagawa |- |2 |DF !Yuna Aoki |7 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |3 |DF !Tamami Aso |26 October 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |4 |DF !Mitsuki Ota |20 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | INAC Kobe Leonessa |- |5 |MF !Yura Honda |1 February 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Nittaidai FC Ladies |- |6 |MF !Asako Furuta |23 April 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Tezukayama Gakuin University |- |7 |MF !Miyu Matsunaga |8 June 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |8 |MF !Rinka Higuchi |9 May 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Chifure AS Elfen Saitama |- |9 |FW !Natsumi Tago |5 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Cerezo Osaka Yanmar |- |10 |FW !Miku Matsuzawa |9 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Kanagawa University |- |11 |FW !Anon Tsuda |8 November 2007 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Mynavi Sendai |- |12 |GK !Hinaha Ishida |28 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Sanfrecce Hiroshima Regina |- |13 |MF !Noa Fukushima |12 December 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | JFA Academy Fukushima |- |14 |MF !Miharu Shinjo |5 February 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Tokyo Verdy Beleza |- |15 |DF !Haruko Suzuki |11 January 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Nittaidai FC Ladies |- |16 |DF !Hibari Hara |17 May 2007 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Chifure AS Elfen Saitama |- |17 |DF !Momoka Sano |17 April 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | JFA Academy Fukushima |- |18 |DF !Mone Sato |15 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | RB Omiya Ardija |- |19 |MF !Yuka Kurimoto |9 November 2006 (aged 19) |0 |0 | Tsukuba University |- |20 |MF !Konoha Nakamura |27 July 2008 (aged 18) |0 |0 | Cerezo Osaka Yanmar |- |21 |GK !Sako Nawa |29 August 2006 (aged 20) |0 |0 | Cerezo Osaka Yanmar |} ==== New Zealand ==== De final squad dem announce on 17 August.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/football/new-zealand-under-20-womens-world-cup-squad-named-amid-boycott-threat-over-gianni-infantino-fifa-leadership/PUYIGBGKDFGTDHNACJ7VS5OM2E/|title=New Zealand Under-20 Women’s World Cup squad named amid boycott threat over Gianni Infantino Fifa leadership|first=Samuel|last=Sherry|date=18 August 2026|access-date=20 August 2026|newspaper=[[The New Zealand Herald]]|archive-date=19 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260819084426/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/football/new-zealand-under-20-womens-world-cup-squad-named-amid-boycott-threat-over-gianni-infantino-fifa-leadership/PUYIGBGKDFGTDHNACJ7VS5OM2E/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nzfootball.co.nz/newsarticle/169072?newsfeedId=1275608|title=New Zealand Names Squad for FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup In Poland|date=17 August 2026|access-date=20 August 2026|website=[[New Zealand Football]]}}</ref> Head coach: [[Callum Holmes]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Club |- |14 |MF !Mikaela Bangalan |30 March 2008 (aged 18) |Wellington Phoenix |- |7 |MF !Grace Bartlett |16 May 2007 (aged 19) |Auckland United |- |20 |FW !Laura Bennett |18 November 2008 (aged 17) |Melville United |- |10 |MF !Zoe Benson |14 August 2006 (aged 20) |Wellington Phoenix |- |6 |MF !Daisy Brazendale |12 March 2006 (aged 20) |Free agent |- |19 |FW !Lily Brazendale |6 May 2006 (aged 20) |Wellington Phoenix |- |2 |MF !Penny Brill |11 July 2006 (aged 20) | Xavier Musketeers |- |16 |MF !Amber De Wit |20 November 2007 (aged 18) |North Dakota State Bison |- |13 |DF !Freya Des Fountain |7 February 2008 (aged 18) |Wellington Phoenix |- |17 |MF !Grace Duncan |3 April 2008 (aged 18) |Washington Huskies |- |4 |DF !Charli Dunn |20 March 2007 (aged 19) |Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders |- |5 |DF !Alyssha Eglinton |16 January 2007 (aged 19) | Wellington Phoenix |- |11 |GK !Scarlett Gray |15 December 2007 (aged 18) |Sydney University |- |3 |DF !Mackenzie Greene |4 January 2006 (aged 20) |Wellington Phoenix |- |21 |GK !Nienke Holland |8 July 2010 (aged 16) |AZ Alkmaar |- |11 |FW !Emily Lyon |17 July 2006 (aged 20) |West Coast Rangers |- |15 |DF !Charley March |11 April 2008 (aged 18) |Auckland United |- |8 |MF !Charlotte Mortlock |9 March 2006 (aged 20) |Northern Tigers |- |1 |GK !Brooke Neary |14 October 2007 (aged 18) |Wellington Phoenix |- |18 |FW !Poppy O'Brien |26 February 2007 (aged 19) |Colorado State Rams |- |9 |FW !Pia Vlok |4 September 2008 (aged 18) | Wellington Phoenix |} ==== United States ==== De final squad dem announce on 19 August 2026.<ref name="U.S. U-20 WNT Head Coach Vicky Jepson Names 21-Player Roster for 2026 FIFA Under-20 Women's World Cup in Poland">{{cite web |title=U.S. U-20 WNT Head Coach Vicky Jepson Names 21-Player Roster for 2026 FIFA Under-20 Women's World Cup in Poland |url=https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2026/08/ynt-u20-wnt/vicky-jepson-names-21-player-roster-u20-fifa-world-cup-poland |website=USSoccer.com |access-date=3 September 2026}}</ref> Head coach: [[Vicky Jepson]] {| class="wikitable sortable" ! ! !Player !Date of birth (age) !Caps !Goals !Club |- |1 |GK !Caroline Birkel |25 August 2006 (aged 20) |6 |0 | Stanford Cardinal |- |2 |DF !Aven Alvarez |14 November 2006 (aged 19) |8 |0 | North Carolina Tar Heels |- |3 |DF !Emma Johnson |30 July 2007 (aged 19) |8 |1 | Penn State Nittany Lions |- |4 |DF !Ella Bard |21 March 2007 (aged 19) |5 |0 | Louisville Cardinals |- |5 |DF !Lizzie Boamah |29 January 2006 (aged 20) |5 |0 |Stanford Cardinal |- |6 |MF !Ainsley McCammon |16 August 2007 (aged 19) |6 |0 | Seattle Reign |- |7 |FW !Audrey McKeen |26 November 2008 (aged 17) |0 |0 | Racing Louisville |- |8 |MF !Kennedy Fuller |9 March 2007 (aged 19) |5 |1 |Bay FC |- |9 |FW !Alex Buck |14 February 2006 (aged 20) |4 |2 | Washington Huskies |- |10 |MF !Linda Ullmark |21 April 2006 (aged 20) |6 |6 | Houston Dash |- |11 |FW !Emeri Adames |3 April 2006 (aged 20) |15 |2 | Seattle Reign |- |12 |GK !Evan O'Steen |22 March 2008 (aged 18) |2 |0 | Seattle Reign |- |13 |DF !Katie Scott |20 June 2007 (aged 19) |11 |1 | Kansas City Current |- |14 |DF !Hope Munson |18 July 2006 (aged 20) |5 |0 | North Carolina Tar Heels |- |15 |DF !Pearl Cecil |24 January 2008 (aged 18) |1 |0 | Virginia Cavaliers |- |16 |MF !Y-Lan Nguyen |2 June 2007 (aged 19) |4 |0 | Stanford Cardinal |- |17 |FW !Micayla Johnson |18 January 2008 (aged 18) |7 |3 | Chicago Stars |- |18 |MF !Nyanya Touray |25 July 2008 (aged 18) |4 |0 | Florida State Seminoles |- |19 |FW !Sealey Strawn |1 October 2007 (aged 18) |6 |1 | Dallas Trinity |- |20 |FW !Lily Joseph |15 August 2006 (aged 20) |1 |0 | Notre Dame Fighting Irish |- |21 |GK !Kealey Titmuss |15 September 2006 (aged 19) |3 |0 | Penn State Nittany Lions |} === Group E === ==== Colombia ==== Head coach: [[Carlos Paniagua]] ==== Costa Rica ==== Head coach: [[Ana Aguilar]] ==== North Korea ==== Head coach: [[Han Chol-hak]] ==== Portugal ==== Head coach: [[Marisa Gomes]] == References == <references /> == External links == 31b3bwajxodglvosq8g9lrnvqb8rriq 0 29541 112376 111506 2026-09-24T18:15:55Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112376 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Premenstrual dysphoric disorder''' ('''PMDD''') be a [[mood disorder]] wey emotional, cognitive, den physical symptoms characterize. PMDD fi cause significant distress den impairment during de luteal phase of de menstrual cycle (between ovulation den menstruation). Symptoms typically dey improve within a few days after de onset of menses, wey be minimal anaa absent insyd de week after menses.<ref name="DSM5">{{Cite book|title=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders|url=https://archive.org/details/diagnosticstatis0005unse|publisher=American Psychiatric Association|year=2013|location=Arlington, VA|pages=625.4|edition=5th}} Code: 625.4 (N94.3)</ref> PMDD get a profound impact on an individual ein quality of life den dramatically dey increase de risk of suicidal ideation den even suicide attempts.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Prasad|first1=Divya|last2=Wollenhaupt-Aguiar|first2=Bianca|last3=Kidd|first3=Katrina N.|last4=de Azevedo Cardoso|first4=Taiane|last5=Frey|first5=Benicio N.|date=December 2021|title=Suicidal Risk in Women with Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis|journal=Journal of Women's Health |volume=30|issue=12|pages=1693–1707|doi=10.1089/jwh.2021.0185|issn=1931-843X|pmc=8721500|pmid=34415776}}</ref><ref name="Hodgetts">{{cite journal |last1=Hodgetts |first1=Sophie |last2=Kinghorn |first2=Aaron |title=Examining the impact of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) on life and relationship quality: An online cross-sectional survey study |journal=PLOS ONE |date=2025-04-23 |volume=20 |issue=4 |page=13-14 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0322314 |doi-access=free |pmid=40267093 |pmc=12017513 |bibcode=2025PLoSO..2022314H }}</ref> Chaw women dey experience discomfort anaa mild mood changes before menstruation, buh 5–8% dey experience severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS), wey dey cause significant distress anaa functional impairment.<ref name="yonkers2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yonkers KA, O'Brien PM, Eriksson E |date=April 2008 |title=Premenstrual syndrome |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_the-lancet_april-5-11-2008_371_9619/page/1200 |journal=Lancet |volume=371 |issue=9619 |pages=1200–10 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60527-9 |pmc=3118460 |pmid=18395582}}</ref> Within dis group, sam go meet de criteria for PMDD.<ref>{{cite web |title=Premenstrual dysphoric disorder: Different from PMS? |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/premenstrual-syndrome/expert-answers/pmdd/faq-20058315?p=1 |website=Mayo Clinic |date=2024}}</ref> PMDD ein exact cause be unknown. Ovarian hormone levels during de menstrual cycle no dey differ between those plus PMDD den de general population.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hofmeister |first1=Sabrina |last2=Bodden |first2=Seth |date=2016-08-01 |title=Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder |journal=American Family Physician |volume=94 |issue=3 |pages=236–240 |issn=1532-0650 |pmid=27479626}}</ref> Buh secof symptoms be present only during ovulatory cycles den resolve after menstruation, e be believed to be caused by fluctuations insyd gonadal sex hormones anaa variations insyd sensitivity to sex hormones.<ref name=":92">{{cite journal |vauthors=Pearlstein T |date=April 2016 |title=Treatment of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: Therapeutic Challenges |journal=Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=493–496 |doi=10.1586/17512433.2016.1142371 |pmid=26766596 |s2cid=12172042 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Insyd 2017, National Institutes of Health researchers discover say women plus PMDD get genetic changes wey make dema emotional regulatory pathways more sensitive to estrogen den progesterone, as well as dema chemical derivatives. De researchers believe dis increased sensitivity fi cause PMDD symptoms.<ref name=":64">{{cite journal | vauthors = Dubey N, Hoffman JF, Schuebel K, Yuan Q, Martinez PE, Nieman LK, Rubinow DR, Schmidt PJ, Goldman D | display-authors = 6 | title = The ESC/E(Z) complex, an effector of response to ovarian steroids, manifests an intrinsic difference in cells from women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder | journal = Molecular Psychiatry | volume = 22 | issue = 8 | pages = 1172–1184 | date = August 2017 | pmid = 28044059 | pmc = 5495630 | doi = 10.1038/mp.2016.229 }}</ref> PMDD be added to de list of depressive disorders insyd de ''Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders'' insyd 2013.<ref name="DSM5" /> E get 11 main symptoms, of wich five for be present for a PMDD diagnosis.<ref name=":9">{{cite journal | vauthors = Pearlstein T | title = Treatment of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: Therapeutic Challenges | journal = Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology | volume = 9 | issue = 4 | pages = 493–496 | date = April 2016 | pmid = 26766596 | doi = 10.1586/17512433.2016.1142371 | s2cid = 12172042 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Roughly 20% of females get sam PMDD symptoms, buh either get fewer dan five anaa dem no get functional impairment.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Steiner M, Macdougall M, Brown E | title = The premenstrual symptoms screening tool (PSST) for clinicians | journal = Archives of Women's Mental Health | volume = 6 | issue = 3 | pages = 203–9 | date = August 2003 | pmid = 12920618 | doi = 10.1007/s00737-003-0018-4 | s2cid = 24822881 }}</ref> De first-line treatment for PMDD be plus selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), wich fi be administered continuously thru out de menstrual cycle anaa intermittently, plus treatment only during de symptomatic phase (approximately 14 days per cycle).<ref name="Rapkin">{{cite journal|vauthors=Rapkin AJ, Lewis EI|date=November 2013|title=Treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder|journal=Women's Health|volume=9|issue=6|pages=537–56|doi=10.2217/whe.13.62|pmid=24161307|doi-access=free|s2cid=45517684}}</ref> Hormonal therapy plus oral contraceptives wey contain drospirenone sanso demonstrate efficiency insyd reducing PMDD symptoms.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lopez|first1=Laureen M.|last2=Kaptein|first2=Ad A.|last3=Helmerhorst|first3=Frans M.|editor1-first=Laureen M|editor1-last=Lopez|date=2009-04-15|title=Oral contraceptives containing drospirenone for premenstrual syndrome|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|issue=2|article-number=CD006586|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD006586.pub3|issn=1469-493X|pmid=19370644}}</ref> Cognitive behavioral therapy, whether in combination plus SSRIs anaa alone, show to be effective insyd reducing impairment.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite journal|vauthors=Kleinstäuber M, Witthöft M, Hiller W|date=September 2012|title=Cognitive-behavioral and pharmacological interventions for premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder: a meta-analysis|journal=Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings|volume=19|issue=3|pages=308–19|doi=10.1007/s10880-012-9299-y|pmid=22426857|s2cid=28720541}}</ref> Dietary modifications den exercise sanso fi be helpful, buh studies wey dey investigate dese treatments no demonstrated efficacy insyd reducing PMDD symptoms.<ref name="Rapkin"/> ==References== <references /> == Read further == * {{Cite journal |last=Carlini |first=Sara |last2=Deligiannidis |first2=Kristina |title=Evidence-based treatment of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: a concise review |url=https://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/evidence-based-treatment-of-pmdd/ |journal=[[The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry]] |date=4 February 2020 |doi=10.4088/JCP.19ac13071 |pmc=7716347 |doi-access=free}} == External links == * [https://www.apa.org/topics/women-girls/pms-vs-pmdd PMS vs. PMDD: What’s the difference?] from the [[American Psychological Association]] (APA) * [https://iapmd.org/ International Association for Premenstrual Disorders] (IAPMD) {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder}} [[Category:Menstrual disorders]] [[Category:Mood disorders]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] boxcuw9jijigkwcwupxv1o7lp7uyfx8 0 29581 112335 109831 2026-09-24T17:05:52Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112335 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Scrapie''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|k|r|eɪ|p|i}}) be a fatal, degenerative disease wey dey affect de nervous systems of sheep den goats.<ref name="pmid1617202">{{cite journal |author=Detwiler LA |year=1992 |title=Scrapie |journal=Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz. |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=491–537 |doi=10.20506/rst.11.2.607 |pmid=1617202 |doi-access=free}}</ref> E be one of several transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), den as such e be thought to be caused by a prion.<ref name="pmid17560089">{{cite journal |author=Hunter N |year=2007 |title=Scrapie: uncertainties, biology and molecular approaches |url=https://www.pure.ed.ac.uk/ws/files/13259315/Scrapie.pdf |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1772 |issue=6 |pages=619–28 |doi=10.1016/j.bbadis.2007.04.007 |hdl=20.500.11820/70731351-7cc2-4746-908f-1dfaa331ad7f |pmid=17560089 |hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2019-05-22 |title=Safety & Availability (Biologics) - Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) Questions and Answers |url=https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/safety-availability-biologics/bovine-spongiform-encephalopathy-bse-questions-and-answers |website=FDA}}</ref> Scrapie be known since at least 1732 wey no dey appear to be transmissible to humans.<ref>{{cite web |website=National Scrapie Education Initiative |title=Scrapie Fact Sheet |url=http://www.eradicatescrapie.org/About%20Scrapie/Fact%20Sheet.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212100521/http://www.eradicatescrapie.org/About%20Scrapie/Fact%20Sheet.html |archive-date=12 December 2020 |access-date=4 December 2011 |publisher=National Institute for Animal Agriculture}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Rolf |first=George |title=From Sheep to Humans: Scrapie and Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease |url=http://www.ecclectica.ca/issues/2002/2/george.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110827011951/http://www.ecclectica.ca/issues/2002/2/george.asp |archive-date=27 August 2011 |access-date=4 December 2011 |publisher=Ecclectica}}</ref> However, e be found to be experimentally transmissible to humanised transgenic mice<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Cassard |first1=Hervé |last2=Torres |first2=Juan-Maria |last3=Lacroux |first3=Caroline |last4=Douet |first4=Jean-Yves |last5=Benestad |first5=Sylvie L. |last6=Lantier |first6=Frédéric |last7=Lugan |first7=Séverine |last8=Lantier |first8=Isabelle |last9=Costes |first9=Pierrette |last10=Aron |first10=Naima |last11=Reine |first11=Fabienne |last12=Herzog |first12=Laetitia |last13=Espinosa |first13=Juan-Carlos |last14=Beringue |first14=Vincent |last15=Andréoletti |first15=Olivier |date=2014-12-16 |title=Evidence for zoonotic potential of ovine scrapie prions |journal=Nature Communications |volume=5 |article-number=5821 |bibcode=2014NatCo...5.5821C |doi=10.1038/ncomms6821 |hdl=20.500.12792/5784 |issn=2041-1723 |pmid=25510416 |s2cid=205333618 |doi-access=free |hdl-access=free}}</ref> den non-human primates.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Comoy |first1=E. |last2=Mikol |first2=J. |last3=Luccantoni-Freire |first3=S. |year=2015 |title=Transmission of scrapie prions to primate after an extended silent incubation period. |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=5 |bibcode=2015NatSR...511573C |doi=10.1038/srep11573 |pmc=4485159 |pmid=26123044 |article-number=11573}}</ref> De name scrapie de derived from one of de clinical signs of de condition, wherein affected animals go compulsively scrape off dema fleeces against rocks, trees anaa fences. De disease apparently dey cause an itching sensation insyd de animals. Oda clinical signs dey include excessive lip smacking, altered gaits den convulsive collapse.<ref name="pmid11258721">{{cite journal |vauthors=Foster JD, Parnham D, Chong A, Goldmann W, Hunter N |year=2001 |title=Clinical signs, histopathology and genetics of experimental transmission of BSE and natural scrapie to sheep and goats |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_veterinary-record_2001-02-10_148_6/page/165 |journal=Vet. Rec. |volume=148 |issue=6 |pages=165–71 |doi=10.1136/vr.148.6.165 |pmid=11258721 |s2cid=43497666 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Scrapie be infectious den transmissible among conspecifics, so one of de most common ways to contain am (since e be incurable) be to quarantine den kill those affected. However, scrapie dey tend to persist insyd flocks den sanso fi arise spontaneously insyd flocks wey no previously get cases of de disease. De mechanism of transmission between animals den oda aspects of de biology of de disease be only poorly understood, wey be active areas of research. Recent studies dey suggest prions fi be spread thru urine den persist insyd de environment for decades.<ref name="pmid12793776">{{cite journal |vauthors=Detwiler LA, Baylis M |year=2003 |title=The epidemiology of scrapie |url=http://web.oie.int/boutique/extrait/8detwiler.pdf |journal=Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz. |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=121–43 |doi=10.20506/rst.22.1.1386 |pmid=12793776 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150508230244/http://web.oie.int/boutique/extrait/8detwiler.pdf |archive-date=2015-05-08 |access-date=2016-11-28}}</ref> Scrapie usually dey affect sheep around three to five years of age.<ref>{{Cite web |department=Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service |date=June 2, 2020 |title=Scrapie Disease Information |url=https://www.aphis.usda.gov/livestock-poultry-disease/sheep-goat/scrapie |website=U.S. Department of Agriculture}}</ref> De potential for transmission at birth den from contact plus placental tissues be apparent.<ref>{{Cite web |department=Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service |date=June 2, 2020 |title=Scrapie |url=https://www.aphis.usda.gov/nvap/reference-guide/control-eradication/scrapie |website=U.S. Department of Agriculture}}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20040623065539/http://www.wsu.edu/NIS/Universe/SheepSt.html Article about scrapie and the aforementioned diagnostic test] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20040803131647/http://www.defra.gov.uk/animalh/bse/bse-science/level-4-scrapie.html UK government scrapie information] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20040828043251/http://www.defra.gov.uk/animalh/bse/othertses/scrapie/nsp/index.html UK government National Scrapie Plan] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20041011202911/http://www.iah.bbsrc.ac.uk/primary_index/current_research/groups/bruce_mabbott.htm Scrapie research at the Institute for Animal Health (UK)] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20041011203600/http://www.iah.bbsrc.ac.uk/primary_index/current_research/groups/hunter.htm Sheep genetics research at the Institute for Animal Health] (includes photo of a sheep with scrapie) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070606070123/http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/animal_diseases/scrapie/ Scrapie in the United States] * US Department of Agriculture [https://web.archive.org/web/20080917121902/http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/videos/hopping.mpg video] of infected sheep demonstrating Hopping Gait * [http://www.medpagetoday.com/neurology/generalneurology/47042?xid=nl_mpt_DHE_2014-08-04&eun=g252698d0r&userid=252698&email=sharon.yeager%40chp.edu&mu_id=5247761 Striking a Nerve: Prions Not the Last Word in TSEs] – opinion article by [[Frank Bastian]] that proposes a different causation for scrapie and other prion diseases {{Authority control}} [[Category:Sheep den goat diseases]] [[Category:Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies]] [[Category:Foodborne illnesses]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] nx3tmi6eanv83pciqec0lmp9xwc1sz9 0 29829 112469 111507 2026-09-25T00:36:56Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.6 112469 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro''' (born 5 February 1985) be a Portuguese professional footballer wey dey play as a forward give den dey captain de Saudi Pro League club Al-Nassr den de Portugal national team. Dem nickname am '''CR7''', he be widely regarded as one of de greatest players insyd history, having win numerous individual accolades thruout ein career wey dey include five Ballon d'Or awards, a record three UEFA Men's Player of de Year Awards, den four European Golden Shoes. Na dem name am de world's best player five times by FIFA. Ronaldo be one of de most decorated players insyd de history of professional football, having win 35 trophies in his career, wey dey include five UEFA Champions Leagues, two UEFA Nations Leagues den de UEFA European Championship. He dey hold de records for most goals (140) den assists (42) insyd de Champions League, most goals (14) den assists (8) insyd de European Championship, most international appearances (233), most men's international goals (146), den most international victories (141). He be de only player to have scored 100 goals plus four different clubs den to finish as top scorer insyd four different domestic leagues. He make over 1,300 professional career appearances, de most by an outfield player, wey he score over 970 official senior career goals give club den country, wey dey make am de top goalscorer of all time. Born insyd Funchal, Madeira, Ronaldo begin ein career plus Sporting CP before signing plus Manchester United insyd 2003. He gradually establish einself as an integral player give de club, winning three consecutive Premier League titles, de 2007–08 Champions League, den de 2008 FIFA Club World Cup. For ein performances insyd 2007–08, na dem award Ronaldo ein first Ballon d'Or at age 23. Insyd 2009, he join Real Madrid insyd a deal worth €94 million (£80 million), wich na e be de most expensive transfer insyd history at de time. He be at de forefront of Madrid ein resurgence as a dominant European force, helping dem win four Champions Leagues between 2014 den 2018, wey dey include de long-awaited ''La Décima'' insyd 2014, wer he set de record for most goals dem score insyd a Champions League season. Plus Madrid, he sanso win two La Liga titles, he win de Ballon d'Or insyd 2013, 2014, 2016, den 2017, wey he cam be de club ein all-time top goalscorer. Following issues plus de hierarchy at Real Madrid, Ronaldo sign give Juventus insyd 2018 insyd a transfer worth a league record of €100&nbsp;million, wey na he be pivotal insyd winning two consecutive Serie A titles, de Coppa Italia, den de ''Capocannoniere'' in 2021 as de league ein top scorer. Insyd 2021, he return to Manchester United, buh ein na dem terminate ein contract insyd 2022 after a public dispute plus de club ein management. Ronaldo join Al-Nassr insyd 2023, wey he lead dem to de Saudi Pro League title insyd 2026, while he sanso fini as de league ein top scorer insyd 2024 den 2025. Ronaldo make ein international debut give Portugal insyd 2003 at de age of 18, wey he earn more dan 200 caps, wey dey make am history ein most-capped male player.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 December 2022 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo becomes all-time international cap leader |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2022/12/cristiano-ronaldo-becomes-all-time-international-cap-leader-729651 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230810231839/https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2022/12/cristiano-ronaldo-becomes-all-time-international-cap-leader-729651 |archive-date=10 August 2023 |access-date=9 August 2023 |website=Guinness World Records}}</ref> He score ein first international goal insyd Euro 2004, wer he help Portugal reach de final. He assume de captaincy of de national team ahead of Euro 2008, wey he lead Portugal to dema first major tournament title at Euro 2016. At Euro 2020, he receive de Golden Boot as de top scorer. He win de UEFA Nations Leagues insyd 2019 den 2025, wey he fini as de top scorer insyd both de tournaments. Insyd [[2026 FIFA World Cup|2026]], he cam be de first player to score insyd six World Cup tournaments den ein country ein top goalscorer at de World Cup ([[Portugal at the FIFA World Cup|11]]). One of de world ein most famous den marketable athletes, na dem rank Ronaldo by ''Sportico'' as de third highest-paid athlete of all time insyd April 2026. Insyd 2026, Ronaldo appear on de ''Forbes'' World’s Billionaires list for de first time, plus a net worth of $1.2 billion.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Tucker|first1=Hank|title=How Cristiano Ronaldo Became A Billionaire|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/hanktucker/2026/06/05/how-cristiano-ronaldo-became-a-billionaire/|access-date=7 June 2026|work=Forbes Magazine|date=5 June 2026|archive-date=9 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260709173815/https://www.forbes.com/sites/hanktucker/2026/06/05/how-cristiano-ronaldo-became-a-billionaire/|url-status=live}}</ref> ''Time'' include am on dema list of de 100 most influential people insyd de world insyd 2014. He be de most popular athlete on social media, plus over 1&nbsp;billion followers across Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, den Instagram. Na dem name Ronaldo insyd de UEFA Ultimate Team of de Year insyd 2015, de All-time UEFA Euro XI insyd 2016, den de Ballon d'Or Dream Team insyd 2020. In recognition of ein record-breaking goalscoring success, he receive special awards for Outstanding Career Achievement by FIFA insyd 2021. == Early life == Na dem born Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro on 5 February 1985 insyd de São Pedro parish of Funchal, de capital of de Portuguese island of Madeira. He grow up insyd de nearby parish of Santo António.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.dn.pt/dossiers/desporto/cristiano-ronaldo/perfil/interior/pelos-caminhos-de-ronaldo-1298338.html |newspaper=Diário de Notícias |title=Desporto – Pelos caminhos de Ronaldo |date=6 July 2009 |access-date=22 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808072949/http://www.dn.pt/dossiers/desporto/cristiano-ronaldo/perfil/interior/pelos-caminhos-de-ronaldo-1298338.html |archive-date=8 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Jimenez |first=Ruben |date=5 February 2017 |title=Cristiano turns 32 |url=http://www.marca.com/en/football/real-madrid/2017/02/05/5896528d22601db9458b4599.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170715151746/http://www.marca.com/en/football/real-madrid/2017/02/05/5896528d22601db9458b4599.html |archive-date=15 July 2017 |access-date=22 July 2017 |work=Marca |location=Spain}}</ref> Ein mommie, Maria Dolores dos Santos Viveiros Aveiro, work as a cook insyd de hospitality industry den as a cleaning woman.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 July 2018 |title=Família de Cristiano Ronaldo inaugura restaurante em Gramado: 'Me apaixonei pela cidade', diz irmã |url=https://g1.globo.com/rs/rio-grande-do-sul/noticia/familia-de-cristiano-ronaldo-inaugura-restaurante-em-gramado-me-apaixonei-pela-cidade-diz-irma.ghtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120134441/https://g1.globo.com/rs/rio-grande-do-sul/noticia/familia-de-cristiano-ronaldo-inaugura-restaurante-em-gramado-me-apaixonei-pela-cidade-diz-irma.ghtml |archive-date=20 November 2023 |access-date=20 November 2023 |website=G1 |language=pt-br}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=26 April 2023 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo, do início humilde à grandeza no futebol |url=https://bomdia.ch/cristiano-ronaldo-do-inicio-humilde-a-grandeza-no-futebol/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231120134442/https://bomdia.ch/cristiano-ronaldo-do-inicio-humilde-a-grandeza-no-futebol/ |archive-date=20 November 2023 |access-date=20 November 2023 |website=BOM DIA Suíça |language=pt}}</ref> Ein poppie, José Dinis Aveiro, be a municipal gardener at de ''Junta de Freguesia'' of Santo António den a part-time kit man give de football club Andorinha.Na Ronaldo ein poppie serve insyd de Portuguese Army during de Portuguese Colonial War wey he see combat insyd [[Angola]]; na he be traumatized by ein experiences, wich lead to a lifelong struggle plus alcoholism.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Doyle |first1=Brian |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: World-Beater |url=https://archive.org/details/cristianoronaldo0000doyl |date=2017 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/cristianoronaldo0000doyl/page/13 13]}}</ref> Ronaldo get Cape Verdean ancestry thru ein great-grandmommie,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Doyle|first=Paul|date=12 January 2013|title=Cape Verde are minnows no more on eve of Africa Cup of Nations debut|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2013/jan/12/africa-cup-nations-cape-verde|access-date=18 July 2023|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Isabel da Piedade, wey dem born on de island of São Vicente, insyd wat na then be Portuguese Cape Verde.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Cristiano Ronaldo tem 'costela' cabo-verdiana |url=https://expresso.sapo.pt/actualidade/cristiano-ronaldo-tem-costela-cabo-verdiana=f491641 |first=Pedro |last=Miguel Neves |work=Sapo Expresso |access-date=23 July 2017 |language=pt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170713163733/http://expresso.sapo.pt/actualidade/cristiano-ronaldo-tem-costela-cabo-verdiana=f491641 |archive-date=13 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sousa |first=Hugo Daniel |date=12 January 2015 |title=O que mais distingue Cristiano Ronaldo dos outros? A potência |url=https://www.publico.pt/2015/01/12/desporto/noticia/o-que-mais-distingue-cristiano-ronaldo-dos-outros-a-potencia-1681928 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240116215951/https://www.publico.pt/2015/01/12/desporto/noticia/o-que-mais-distingue-cristiano-ronaldo-dos-outros-a-potencia-1681928 |archive-date=16 January 2024 |access-date=16 January 2024 |website=PÚBLICO |language=pt}}</ref> Ronaldo get an older bro, Hugo, den two older sistos, Elma den [[Kátia Aveiro|Liliana "Kátia" Cátia]].<ref name="AtFeet">{{#invoke:cite|web|last=Lewis |first=Tim |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2008/jun/08/manchesterunited.portugal |title=He's got the world at his feet |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=8 June 2008 |access-date=5 November 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927042123/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2008/jun/08/manchesterunited.portugal |archive-date=27 September 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> Na ein poppie be an admirer of United States presido Ronald Reagan, wey he name Ronaldo after am.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/early-lead/wp/2016/01/19/cristiano-ronaldo-was-named-after-ronald-reagan-no-really/|title=Cristiano Ronaldo was named after Ronald Reagan. No, really.|quote=My parents named me after [Ronald Reagan] because they both liked this name and thought it sounded strong. [...] I know that my father admired him.|last=Payne|first=Marissa|newspaper=Washington Post|via=GQ|date=19 January 2016|access-date=23 June 2023|archive-date=6 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306034422/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/early-lead/wp/2016/01/19/cristiano-ronaldo-was-named-after-ronald-reagan-no-really/|url-status=live}}</ref> Ronaldo ein mommie reveal say na she wan [[Abortion|abort]] am secof poverty, ein poppie ein [[alcoholism]], wey he get chaw kiddies already, buh ein doctor refuse to perform de procedure.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|web|title=Cristiano Ronaldo's mother: I wanted an abortion, but God said no |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/liga/2014-2015/cristiano-ronaldos-mother-i-wanted-an-abortion-but-god-said-no_sto4979169/story.shtml |access-date=26 January 2021 |publisher=[[Eurosport]] |date=5 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 July 2014 |title=Ronaldo's mother reveals she tried to abort her son |url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/other-soccer/ronaldos-mother-reveals-she-tried-to-abort-her-son-30441371.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630105713/https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/other-soccer/ronaldos-mother-reveals-she-tried-to-abort-her-son-30441371.html |archive-date=30 June 2022 |access-date=30 June 2022 |work=Irish independent}}</ref> Ronaldo grow up insyd an impoverished Catholic home, sharing a room plus all ein siblings,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo spills all to his 'close friend' Jasmine about women, football, cars... and money |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/cristiano-ronaldo-spills-all-to-his-close-friend-139054 |date=3 July 2011 |work=Daily Mirror |access-date=21 August 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130819214735/http://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/cristiano-ronaldo-spills-all-to-his-close-friend-139054 |archive-date=19 August 2013}}</ref> den dey continue to identify as a Catholic insyd ein adulthood.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rhodes |first=Charlie |date=17 December 2018 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: "Juventus? As a group, it is better than Real Madrid" |url=https://sportslens.com/news/cristiano-ronaldo-juventus/ |access-date=4 August 2023 |website=Sportslens.com}}</ref> He idolise de Brazilian footballers [[Ronaldinho]] den [[Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer)|Ronaldo]] during ein youth.<ref>{{Cite web |title="Left a beautiful history in football" – Ronaldo reveals his 2 idols in the game &#124; All Football |url=https://m.allfootballapp.com/news/EPL/%E2%80%9CLeft-a-beautiful-history-in-football%E2%80%9D-%E2%80%93-Ronaldo-reveals-his-2-idols-in-the-game/2750394 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260305105722/https://m.allfootballapp.com/news/EPL/%E2%80%9CLeft-a-beautiful-history-in-football%E2%80%9D-%E2%80%93-Ronaldo-reveals-his-2-idols-in-the-game/2750394 |archive-date=5 March 2026 |access-date=2 March 2025 |website=m.allfootballapp.com}}</ref> As a kiddie, Ronaldo play give Andorinha from 1992 to 1995, wey he later spend two years plus Nacional.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Bola de Ouro – Ronaldo conquistou primeiro prémio aos oito anos no Andorinha |url=https://www.dn.pt/dossiers/desporto/cristiano-ronaldo/noticias/interior/bola-de-ouro-ronaldo-conquistou-primeiro-premio-aos-oito-anos-no-andorinha-1066979.html |language=pt |newspaper=Diário de Notícias |date=2 December 2008 |access-date=23 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823210705/http://www.dn.pt/dossiers/desporto/cristiano-ronaldo/noticias/interior/bola-de-ouro-ronaldo-conquistou-primeiro-premio-aos-oito-anos-no-andorinha-1066979.html |archive-date=23 August 2017}}</ref> Insyd 1997, at age 12, he go on a three-day trial plus Sporting CP, wich sign am for a fee of £1,500.<ref name="Clash">{{#invoke:cite|news|url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/clash-of-the-titans-989542|title=Clash of the Titans|date=18 April 2010|access-date=30 August 2014|work=[[Manchester Evening News]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903060451/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/clash-of-the-titans-989542|archive-date=3 September 2014}}</ref> He move from Madeira to Lisbon to join Sporting CP ein youth system,<ref name="Clash" /> wey he attend school at Escola EB2 de Telheiras, located insyd de city ein Telheiras area.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 April 2023 |title=Katia Aveiro afirma que "guerra e ditadura" levaram ao alcoolismo do pai |url=https://www.jn.pt/gente/artigo/katia-aveiro-afirma-que-guerra-e-ditadura-levaram-ao-alcoolismo-do-pai/16243190/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524081959/https://www.jn.pt/gente/katia-aveiro-afirma-que-guerra-e-ditadura-levaram-ao-alcoolismo-do-pai-16243190.html/amp/ |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=12 April 2024 |website=Jornal de Notícias}}</ref> While popular plus oda students, he struggle plus ein school responsibilities.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 May 2014 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo tinha medo de ir à escola |url=https://www.cmjornal.pt/tv-media/detalhe/cristiano-ronaldo-tinha-medo-de-ir-a-escola |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221218123649/https://www.cmjornal.pt/tv-media/detalhe/cristiano-ronaldo-tinha-medo-de-ir-a-escola |archive-date=18 December 2022 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.cmjornal.pt |language=PT}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 April 2023 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo A história por detrás do alcoolismo do pai de CR7 |url=https://www.impala.pt/famosos/nacionais/cristiano-ronaldo-a-historia-por-detras-do-alcoolismo-do-pai-de-cr7/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230429230408/https://www.impala.pt/famosos/nacionais/cristiano-ronaldo-a-historia-por-detras-do-alcoolismo-do-pai-de-cr7/ |archive-date=29 April 2023 |access-date=12 April 2024 |website=Impala |language=pt-PT}}</ref> Na dem expel am after throwing a chair at ein teacher, wey he talk say he "disrespect" am.<ref name="expelled">{{cite web |date=6 July 2011 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: I was expelled from school for throwing a chair at the teacher |url=http://www.nowmagazine.co.uk/celebrity-news/529372/cristiano-ronaldo-i-was-expelled-from-school-for-throwing-a-chair-at-the-teacher |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429171348/http://www.nowmagazine.co.uk/celebrity-news/529372/cristiano-ronaldo-i-was-expelled-from-school-for-throwing-a-chair-at-the-teacher |archive-date=29 April 2015 |access-date=22 August 2017 |work=Now Magazine}}</ref> A year later, na dem diagnose am plus [[tachycardia]], a condition wey threaten to end ein football career.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cristiano-Ronaldo|title=Cristiano Ronaldo|newspaper=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=11 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812184905/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cristiano-Ronaldo|archive-date=12 August 2018}}</ref> He undergo cardiac ablation,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Verma |first1=Atul |last2=Haines |first2=David E. |last3=Boersma |first3=Lucas V. |last4=Sood |first4=Nitesh |last5=Natale |first5=Andrea |last6=Marchlinski |first6=Francis E. |last7=Calkins |first7=Hugh |last8=Sanders |first8=Prashanthan |last9=Packer |first9=Douglas L. |last10=Kuck |first10=Karl-Heinz |last11=Hindricks |first11=Gerhard |last12=Onal |first12=Birce |last13=Cerkvenik |first13=Jeffrey |last14=Tada |first14=Hiroshi |last15=DeLurgio |first15=David B. |date=9 May 2023 |title=Pulsed Field Ablation for the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation: PULSED AF Pivotal Trial |journal=Circulation |language=en |volume=147 |issue=19 |pages=1422–1432 |doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.063988 |issn=0009-7322 |pmc=10158608 |pmid=36877118}}</ref> a type of heart surgery insyd wich a laser be used to cauterise multiple cardiac pathways into one, wich alter ein resting heart rate.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.news.com.au/sport/football/what-you-didnt-know-about-cristiano-ronaldo/news-story/41e4d9d91b8f3a1d65c3826f00d63d15 |title=What you didn't know about Cristiano Ronaldo |last=Conte |first=Peter |date=8 May 2018 |work=NewsComAu|access-date=11 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812184547/https://www.news.com.au/sport/football/what-you-didnt-know-about-cristiano-ronaldo/news-story/41e4d9d91b8f3a1d65c3826f00d63d15|archive-date=12 August 2018}}</ref> Na dem discharge am from de hospital hours after de procedure wey he resume training a few days later.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Manchester United winger Cristiano Ronaldo needed heart operation to save career |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/players/cristiano-ronaldo/4382937/Manchester-United-winger-Cristiano-Ronaldo-needed-heart-operation-to-save-career.html |work=The Telegraph |date=29 January 2009 |access-date=22 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823141642/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/players/cristiano-ronaldo/4382937/Manchester-United-winger-Cristiano-Ronaldo-needed-heart-operation-to-save-career.html |archive-date=23 August 2017}}</ref> By age 14, Ronaldo believe he get de ability to play football semi-professionally. He make an agreement plus ein mommie den ein Sporting CP tutor, [[Leonel Pontes]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roseiro |first=Bruno |title=Leonel, o homem que faz a Ponte(s): tutor de Ronaldo, aluno de 17,5 valores, uma década com Bento e o (extinto?) Jumilla |url=https://observador.pt/2019/09/03/leonel-o-homem-que-faz-a-pontes-tutor-de-ronaldo-aluno-de-175-valores-uma-decada-com-bento-e-o-extinto-jumilla/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207221339/https://observador.pt/2019/09/03/leonel-o-homem-que-faz-a-pontes-tutor-de-ronaldo-aluno-de-175-valores-uma-decada-com-bento-e-o-extinto-jumilla/ |archive-date=7 December 2023 |access-date=7 December 2023 |website=Observador |language=pt-PT}}</ref> to cease ein education den focus entirely on football.<ref name="expelled"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Castello Branco |first=Igor |date=14 August 2012 |title=Uma década de CR7: atacante vira profissional e logo se torna 'diabólico' |url=https://globoesporte.globo.com/futebol/futebol-internacional/noticia/2012/08/uma-decada-de-cr7-atacante-vira-profissional-e-logo-se-torna-diabolico.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120816232218/http://globoesporte.globo.com/futebol/futebol-internacional/noticia/2012/08/uma-decada-de-cr7-atacante-vira-profissional-e-logo-se-torna-diabolico.html |archive-date=16 August 2012 |access-date=7 December 2023 |website=globoesporte.com}}</ref> He no complete schooling beyond de 6th grade.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 August 2017 |title=Ronaldo tells judge: "I never had this problem in England, that's why I want to go back there" |url=https://en.as.com/en/2017/08/04/soccer/1501873447_159604.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221218123647/https://en.as.com/en/2017/08/04/soccer/1501873447_159604.html |archive-date=18 December 2022 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=Diario AS |agency=[[EFE]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 August 2017 |title=Ronaldo em tribunal: "Só tenho o sexto ano de escolaridade" |url=https://www.dn.pt/desporto/so-tenho-o-sexto-ano-de-escolaridade-8686121.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221218123647/https://www.dn.pt/desporto/so-tenho-o-sexto-ano-de-escolaridade-8686121.html |archive-date=18 December 2022 |access-date=18 December 2022 |website=www.dn.pt |language=PT}}</ref> Insyd 2021, na Ronaldo ein mommie state insyd an interview say na ein son go be a bricklayer if he no cam be a professional football player.<ref>{{Citation |title=ADN de Leão {{!}} Episódio 37: Dolores Aveiro |date=21 September 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MA9wTYYLdLI&t=430s |access-date=28 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928102205/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MA9wTYYLdLI&t=430s |archive-date=28 September 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> == Club career == === Sporting CP === After impressing Sporting while playing give dema youth teams, na dem promote Ronaldo to de first team by manager [[László Bölöni]]. On 14 August 2002, at age 17, Ronaldo play ein first official match for de first team, insyd a UEFA Champions League qualifying round against Inter Milan.<ref>{{cite web |title=History: Sporting CP vs Inter |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/match/70011--sporting-cp-vs-inter/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224104313/https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/match/70011--sporting-cp-vs-inter/ |archive-date=24 December 2023 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=UEFA Champions League 2002/03}}</ref> Ein Primeira Liga debut occur a month later against Braga, den on 7 October he score two goals against Moreirense insyd Sporting ein 3–0 win.<ref name="u17">{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.uefau17.com/history/index.htm |title=Famous players featured in U17 c'ships |publisher=UEFAu17.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602071706/http://www.uefau17.com/history/index.htm |archive-date=2 June 2009}}</ref> After Sporting defeat Manchester United 3–1 insyd a friendly on 6 August 2003, United manager na [[Alex Ferguson]] be determined to acquire Ronaldo, describing am as "one of de most exciting young players" he ever see.<ref name="BR2003">{{cite news|title='He Was There to Put on a Show': Ronaldo's Legendary Manchester United Audition|work=[[Bleacher Report]]|date=6 October 2017|url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2735948-he-was-there-to-put-on-a-show-ronaldos-legendary-manchester-united-audition|access-date=27 May 2018|last=Pilger|first=Sam|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180528133259/http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2735948-he-was-there-to-put-on-a-show-ronaldos-legendary-manchester-united-audition|archive-date=28 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Marshall|first=Adam|date=12 August 2003|title=United confirm Ronaldo capture|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/2273339/united-confirm-ronaldo-capture|access-date=4 December 2024|work=[[Sky Sports]]|archive-date=4 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204090504/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/2273339/united-confirm-ronaldo-capture|url-status=live}}</ref> === Manchester United === ==== 2003–2007: Development den breakthru ==== On 12 August 2003, less dan a week after de match wey impress Ferguson, Manchester United sign Ronaldo for £12&nbsp;million,<ref name="BBC2003Ronaldo">{{cite web |date=12 August 2003 |title=Man Utd sign Ronaldo |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/3142959.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731063111/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/3142959.stm |archive-date=31 July 2017 |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> an England record for a teenager.<ref>{{cite web |date=12 August 2003 |title=United fork out record £12m fee to land teenager |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/2409432/United-fork-out-record-12m-fee-to-land-teenager.html |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/2409432/United-fork-out-record-12m-fee-to-land-teenager.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}</ref> Ba he be de first Portuguese player to sign give de club.<ref name="BBC2003Ronaldo" /> Although he request de number 28, ein number at Sporting, he receive de squad number 7 shirt, wich previously be worn by such United players as [[George Best]], [[Eric Cantona]] den [[David Beckham]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Taylor |first=Daniel |date=13 August 2003 |title=Teenager takes Beckham No7 shirt |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2003/aug/13/newsstory.sport10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903152721/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2003/aug/13/newsstory.sport10 |archive-date=3 September 2014 |access-date=27 August 2014 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Wearing de number 7 cam be an extra source of motivation give Ronaldo.<ref name="Legends">{{cite web |last=McDonnell |first=David |date=29 September 2007 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo exclusive |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-exclusive-716711 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903115441/http://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-exclusive-716711 |archive-date=3 September 2014 |access-date=27 August 2014 |work=Daily Mirror |location=London}}</ref> He later go describe Ferguson as ein "poppoe insyd sport" den "one of de most important den influential factors" insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 July 2009 |title=Ronaldo vows to justify price tag |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8134301.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170721210224/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/8134301.stm |archive-date=21 July 2017 |access-date=4 July 2009 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> [[File:Ronaldo_-_Manchester_United_vs_Chelsea.jpg|thumb|Ronaldo dey play give Manchester United against Chelsea during de 2005–06 Premier League season]] Ronaldo make ein debut give United as a substitute insyd a 4–0 win over Bolton Wanderers insyd de Premier League on 16 August 2003.<ref>{{cite web |last=Wilson |first=Paul |date=17 August 2003 |title=Only one Ronaldo as United find new idol |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2003/aug/17/match.sport5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903152616/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2003/aug/17/match.sport5 |archive-date=3 September 2014 |access-date=27 August 2014 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> Ein performance earn am praise from Best, wey hail am as "undoubtedly de most exciting debut" he ever see.<ref name="BestQuote">{{cite web |last=Barnes |first=Justin |date=12 June 2014 |title=George Best on Ronaldo's Debut For Man Utd |url=http://sabotagetimes.com/reportage/legends-george-best-on-ronaldos-man-united-debut/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903085222/http://sabotagetimes.com/reportage/legends-george-best-on-ronaldos-man-united-debut/ |archive-date=3 September 2014 |access-date=27 August 2014 |work=Sabotage Times}}</ref> Ronaldo score ein first goal give de club from a free kick insyd a 3–0 win over Portsmouth on 1 November.<ref>{{cite web |date=1 November 2003 |title=Man Utd see off Pompey |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/3207091.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809002543/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/3207091.stm |archive-date=9 August 2017 |access-date=27 August 2014 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> On 15 May 2004, he score de opening goal insyd a victory against Aston Villa, wey he receive de first red card of ein career.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ridley |first=Ian |date=15 May 2004 |title=Ronaldo's good and bad day |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2004/may/16/match.sport1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903152542/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2004/may/16/match.sport1 |archive-date=3 September 2014 |access-date=27 August 2014 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 May 2004 |title=Man United 2–0 Aston Villa |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/match/_/gameId/109804/manchester-united-aston-villa |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241211122349/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/match/_/gameId/109804/manchester-united-aston-villa |archive-date=11 December 2024 |access-date=5 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> He fini ein first season insyd England plus a trophy, scoring de opening goal insyd United ein 3–0 win over Millwall insyd de 2004 FA Cup Final.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 May 2004 |title=Man Utd win FA Cup |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/fa_cup/3725063.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225084836/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/fa_cup/3725063.stm |archive-date=25 February 2009 |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> At de start of de 2004–05 season, Ronaldo provide a goal den an assist against Aston Villa wey he score twice against Arsenal.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2005 |title=Man Utd 3–1 Aston Villa |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/4177033.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814024445/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/4177033.stm |archive-date=14 August 2017 |access-date=27 August 2014 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=1 February 2005 |title=Arsenal 2–4 Man Utd |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/4221105.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814024707/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/4221105.stm |archive-date=14 August 2017 |access-date=27 August 2014 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> He win ein second trophy insyd English football, de Football League Cup, after scoring de third goal insyd United ein 4–0 final win over Wigan Athletic.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 February 2006 |title=Man Utd ease to Carling Cup glory |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/league_cup/4727118.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070828124554/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/league_cup/4727118.stm |archive-date=28 August 2007 |access-date=26 January 2011 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> During ein third season insyd England, na Ronaldo be involved insyd several incidents. He clash plus ein teammate [[Ruud van Nistelrooy]], wey take offence at Ronaldo ein showboating style of play.<ref>{{cite web |last=Brennan |first=Stuart |date=17 January 2006 |title=Ruud and Ron in training bust-up |url=http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/ruud-and-ron-in-training-bust-up-1016868 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903055643/http://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/ruud-and-ron-in-training-bust-up-1016868 |archive-date=3 September 2014 |access-date=28 August 2014 |work=Manchester Evening News}}</ref> During de 2006 FIFA World Cup, na Ronaldo be involved insyd an incident wich result in dem send off ein club teammate [[Wayne Rooney]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Taylor |first=Daniel |date=3 July 2006 |title=Rooney must look at himself rather than blame Ronaldo |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/worldcup2006blog/2006/jul/03/rooneymustlookathimselfra |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903152921/http://www.theguardian.com/football/worldcup2006blog/2006/jul/03/rooneymustlookathimselfra |archive-date=3 September 2014 |access-date=28 August 2014 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> Afterwards, Ronaldo publicly ask for a transfer, saying dat na United no support am during de incident.<ref>{{cite web |last=Stirling |first=James |date=9 July 2006 |title=Ronaldo: I can't stay in Manchester |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2006/jul/09/worldcup2006.sport3 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903152928/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2006/jul/09/worldcup2006.sport3 |archive-date=3 September 2014 |access-date=28 August 2014 |work=The Guardian |location=London}}</ref> United deny ein request.<ref>{{cite web |last=Buckingham |first=Mark |date=12 July 2006 |title=United: Ronaldo not for sale |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/2383344/united-ronaldo-not-for-sale |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619171144/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/2383344/united-ronaldo-not-for-sale |archive-date=19 June 2022 |access-date=19 June 2022 |work=Sky Sports}}</ref> Although ein World Cup altercation plus Rooney result in drm boo Ronaldo thru out de 2006–07 season,<ref>{{cite web |last=Tyldesley |first=Clive |date=25 September 2006 |title=Ronaldo has last laugh on Reading fans |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2346496/Ronaldo-has-last-laugh-on-Reading-fans.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903151154/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2346496/Ronaldo-has-last-laugh-on-Reading-fans.html |archive-date=3 September 2014 |access-date=28 August 2014 |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London}}</ref> he score 20 league goals for de first time as United win de Premier League title.<ref>{{cite web |last=Winter |first=Henry |date=29 August 2013 |title=The secrets behind the development of Real Madrid's Cristiano Ronaldo, revealed by Rene Meulensteen |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/real-madrid/10272433/The-secrets-behind-the-development-of-Real-Madrids-Cristiano-Ronaldo-revealed-by-Rene-Meulensteen.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810065928/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/real-madrid/10272433/The-secrets-behind-the-development-of-Real-Madrids-Cristiano-Ronaldo-revealed-by-Rene-Meulensteen.html |archive-date=10 August 2014 |access-date=28 August 2014 |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London}}</ref> ==== 2007–2009: Collective den individual success den Ballon d'Or ==== [[File:Cristiano_Ronaldo_and_Andriy_Shevchenko,_2007_(cropped).jpg|thumb|According to chaw pundits den players, Ronaldo evolve into de best player insyd de world during de 2007-08 season.]] For de 2006–07 season, Ronaldo win de Player's Player, Fans' Player den Young Player of de Year awards from de Professional Footballers' Association, den de Football Writers' Association ein Footballer of de Year award.Na dem name am runner-up to [[Kaká]] for de 2007 Ballon d'Or,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Kaká's year capped by Ballon d'Or |url=http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid=631048.html |publisher=UEFA |date=2 December 2007 |access-date=3 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121205144302/http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid=631048.html |archive-date=5 December 2012}}</ref> wey he fini third for de 2007 FIFA World Player of de Year award, behind Kaká den [[Lionel Messi]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Ronaldo:Going the right way |url=https://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/awards/gala/news/newsid=663385.html |work=FIFA |date=17 December 2007 |access-date=18 December 2007 |archive-date=18 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218205137/http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/awards/gala/news/newsid%3D663385.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> Ronaldo score ein first hat-trick give United insyd a 6–0 win against Newcastle United on 12 January 2008.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Man Utd 6–0 Newcastle |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/7172817.stm |work=BBC Sport |date=12 January 2008 |access-date=12 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080115134551/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/7172817.stm |archive-date=15 January 2008}}</ref> Ein 31 league goals insyd de season earn am de Premier League Golden Boot,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Ronaldo & Ferguson win top awards |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/7401795.stm |work=BBC Sport |date=14 May 2008 |access-date=16 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080518025735/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/7401795.stm |archive-date=18 May 2008}}</ref> wey he cam be de first winger to win de European Golden Shoe.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.uefa.com/insideuefa/news/01ce-0f84de550009-c40194dcbe23-1000--ronaldo-scoops-esm-golden-shoe/ |title=Ronaldo scoops ESM Golden Shoe |date=17 June 2008 |access-date=19 June 2022 |publisher=UEFA }}</ref> For de second consecutive season, he receive de PFA Players' Player of de Year award den de FWA Footballer of de Year award.<ref name="PFA0708">{{#invoke:cite|news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/7370319.stm|title=Ronaldo named player of the year|work=BBC Sport|date=27 April 2008|access-date=18 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080501021313/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/7370319.stm|archive-date=1 May 2008}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/7379586.stm |title=Ronaldo wins writers' award again |date=2 May 2008 |access-date=29 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815031757/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_prem/7379586.stm|archive-date=15 August 2017 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> On 21 May, United defeat Chelsea insyd de Champions League final insyd a penalty shoot-out after a 1–1 draw, wey Ronaldo score ein team ein only goal.As de Champions League top scorer, na dem name Ronaldo de UEFA Club Footballer of de Year.<ref name="UEFA-Profile">{{cite web |title=Cristiano Ronaldo |url=http://www.uefa.com/teamsandplayers/players/player=63706/profile/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529135759/http://www.uefa.com/teamsandplayers/players/player=63706/profile/ |archive-date=29 May 2016 |access-date=24 May 2016 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> Ronaldo cam be United ein first Ballon d'Or winner since George Best insyd 1968,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Roughley |first=Gregg |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2008/dec/02/ronaldo-manchesterunited |title=Ronaldo beats off Messi and Torres to scoop Ballon d'Or |date=2 December 2008 |access-date=29 August 2014 |work=The Guardian |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006221218/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2008/dec/02/ronaldo-manchesterunited |archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> den de first Premier League player to be named de FIFA World Player of de Year.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Ronaldo named Fifa player of 2008 |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/7822115.stm |work=BBC Sport |date=12 January 2009 |access-date=2 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090118230528/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/7822115.stm |archive-date=18 January 2009}}</ref> Shortly after, na United allege say Real Madrid dey pursue Ronaldo, wey dem file a tampering complaint plus FIFA. De governing body decline to take action against Madrid, we Ronaldo remain at United for anoda year.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Gardner |first=Alan |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2008/jun/16/ronaldo.manchesterunited |title=Fifa decline to take action against Real |date=16 June 2008 |access-date=27 August 2014 |work=The Guardian |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903153647/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2008/jun/16/ronaldo.manchesterunited |archive-date=3 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/560619/ronaldo-to-give-heart-and-soul-to-united |title=Ronaldo sticks with United |date=7 August 2008 |access-date=29 August 2014 |publisher=ESPN |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903081007/http://www.espnfc.com/story/560619/ronaldo-to-give-heart-and-soul-to-united |archive-date=3 September 2014}}</ref> Insyd de 2009 Champions League, ein match-winning goal against Porto earn am de inaugural FIFA Puskás Award, wich dey recognise de best goal of de year.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Ronaldo's 'incredible, fantastic' goal |url=https://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/awards/gala/news/newsid=1151584.html |work=FIFA |date=21 December 2009 |access-date=15 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091224170408/http://www.fifa.com/classicfootball/awards/gala/news/newsid%3D1151584.html |archive-date=24 December 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Ronaldo stunner thrills Ferguson |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/8001249.stm |work=BBC Sport |date=15 April 2009 |access-date=15 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417121012/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/8001249.stm |archive-date=17 April 2009}}</ref> === Real Madrid === ==== 2009–2015: World record transfer den consecutive Ballon d'Or wins ==== [[File:Cristiano_Ajax.jpg|thumb|Ronaldo score 46 league goals during ein third season plus Real Madrid.]] Insyd 2009, Ronaldo transfer to Real Madrid for £80&nbsp;million, a world record transfer fee at de time.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/5505073/Cristiano-Ronaldo-transfer-Real-Madrid-agree-80-million-fee-with-Manchester-United.html |title=Cristiano Ronaldo transfer: Real Madrid agree £80&nbsp;million fee with Manchester United |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=11 June 2009 |access-date=11 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821104751/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/5505073/Cristiano-Ronaldo-transfer-Real-Madrid-agree-80-million-fee-with-Manchester-United.html |archive-date=21 August 2010}}</ref> Na dem unveil am in front of 80,000 fans at de Santiago Bernabéu, wey he talk say playing give Real Madrid be ein kiddie time dream.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2009/jul/06/cristiano-ronaldo-real-madrid-bernabeu |title=Cristiano Ronaldo welcomed by 80,000 fans at Real Madrid unveiling |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=6 July 2009 |access-date=6 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216085027/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2009/jul/06/cristiano-ronaldo-real-madrid-bernabeu |archive-date=16 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=6 July 2018 |title=On This Day in 2009: Cristiano Ronaldo Was Officially Unveiled as a Real Madrid Player |url=https://www.si.com/soccer/2018/07/06/day-2009-cristiano-ronaldo-was-officially-unveiled-real-madrid-player |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250219161723/https://www.si.com/soccer/2018/07/06/day-2009-cristiano-ronaldo-was-officially-unveiled-real-madrid-player |archive-date=19 February 2025 |access-date=14 February 2025 |website=SI}}</ref> He make ein La Liga debut against Deportivo La Coruña on 29 August, scoring once insyd a 3–2 win.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Ronaldo in winning start for Real |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/8229070.stm |work=BBC Sport |date=29 August 2009 |access-date=29 August 2009}}</ref> He cam be de first Madrid player to score insyd each of ein first four league games.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/players/cristiano-ronaldo/6225577/Cristiano-Ronaldo-makes-Real-Madrid-history.html |title=Cristiano Ronaldo makes Real Madrid history |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |date=23 September 2009 |access-date=25 August 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141227073936/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/players/cristiano-ronaldo/6225577/Cristiano-Ronaldo-makes-Real-Madrid-history.html |archive-date=27 December 2014}}</ref> He score ein first two Champions League goals give de club insyd September, insyd de first group match against Zürich.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Tuesday's Champions League review |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/europe/8257957.stm |work=BBC Sport |date=15 September 2009 |access-date=15 September 2009}}</ref> Insyd October, he suffer an ankle injury while on international duty, wich keep am sidelined for seven weeks.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Glendenning |first=Barry |title=Champions League: Milan v Real Madrid – as it happened |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2009/nov/03/milan-real-madrid-latest-score |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=3 November 2009 |access-date=22 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715003545/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2009/nov/03/milan-real-madrid-latest-score |archive-date=15 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=11 October 2009 |title=Ronaldo forced out of Milan meetings |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/01de-0e7307fb0f43-0895b8d4e0b9-1000--ronaldo-forced-out-of-milan-meetings/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619171140/https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/01de-0e7307fb0f43-0895b8d4e0b9-1000--ronaldo-forced-out-of-milan-meetings/ |archive-date=19 June 2022 |access-date=19 June 2022 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> He fini de season plus 33 goals across all competitions.<ref>{{cite web |title=92 Points Not Good Enough for Real Madrid to Win La Liga |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/708610-92-points-not-good-enough-for-real-madrid-to-win-la-liga |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220719102716/https://bleacherreport.com/articles/708610-92-points-not-good-enough-for-real-madrid-to-win-la-liga |archive-date=19 July 2022 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=[[Bleacher Report]]}}</ref> Following [[Raúl (footballer)|Raúl]] ein departure from de club, na dem give Ronaldo de No. 7 shirt for de 2010–11 season. He score 53 goals during de season wey he earn ein first trophy insyd Spain as Madrid win de Copa del Rey.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2011 |title=Madrid clinch Copa del Rey |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11827/6886577/madrid-clinch-copa-del-rey |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221127213126/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11827/6886577/madrid-clinch-copa-del-rey |archive-date=27 November 2022 |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=[[Sky Sports]]}}</ref> He cam be de first player to score 40 goals insyd a La Liga season.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/13485792 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo sets new Primera Liga scoring record |date=21 May 2011 |access-date=30 August 2014 |work=BBC |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107100925/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/13485792 |archive-date=7 January 2016}}</ref> In addition to de Pichichi Trophy, Ronaldo win de European Golden Shoe for a second time, becoming de first player to win de award insyd different leagues.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.uefa.com/memberassociations/news/newsid=1634078.html |title=Record-breaking Ronaldo wins 2010/11 Golden Shoe |date=23 May 2011 |access-date=30 August 2014 |publisher=UEFA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140805170354/http://www.uefa.com/memberassociations/news/newsid=1634078.html |archive-date=5 August 2014}}</ref> During de 2011–12 season, Ronaldo score 60 goals across all competitions wey he lead Madrid to dema first league title insyd four years plus a record 100 points.<ref>{{cite ma<!---->g|last1=Jones|first1=Harry|title=Cristiano Ronaldo becomes all-time leading goalscorer: His whole record-breaking career so far|url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/cristiano-ronaldo-full-career-juventus-man-utd-real-madrid-ballon-dor-champions-league-goals-stats|magazine=[[FourFourTwo]]|publisher=[[Future plc]]|date=21 January 2021}}</ref> He fini runner-up for de 2011 FIFA Ballon d'Or behind [[Lionel Messi]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.espn.com/sports/soccer/news/_/id/7012360/hat-tricks-lionel-messi-cristiano-ronaldo|title=Hat tricks for Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo|date=24 September 2011|access-date=11 June 2024|work=[[ESPN]]|agency=[[Associated Press]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904140118/http://espn.go.com/sports/soccer/news/_/id/7012360/hat-tricks-lionel-messi-cristiano-ronaldo|archive-date=4 September 2014}}</ref> He score ein 100th league goal give Madrid insyd a 5–1 win over Real Sociedad on 24 March 2012, breaking de previous club record wey [[Ferenc Puskás]] hold.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/1039908 |title=Madrid and Barca victorious |date=24 March 2011 |access-date=30 August 2014 |work=ESPN |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903081230/http://www.espnfc.com/story/1039908 |archive-date=3 September 2014}}</ref> Insyd de 2012–13 season, Ronaldo score ein first hat-trick insyd de Champions League insyd a 4–1 win over Ajax.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Tynan |first=Gordon |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/champions-league-roundup-cristiano-ronaldo-grabs-another-real-madrid-hattrick-8196517.html |title=Cristiano Ronaldo grabs another Real Madrid hat-trick |date=4 October 2012 |access-date=30 August 2014 |work=The Independent |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903110527/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/champions-league-roundup-cristiano-ronaldo-grabs-another-real-madrid-hattrick-8196517.html |archive-date=3 September 2014}}</ref> Ronaldo fini second in voting for de 2012 FIFA Ballon d'Or, again behind Messi.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/07/sport/football/football-messi-wins-ballon-dor-ronaldo-iniesta/index.html |title=Messi crowned world's best for record fourth time |work=CNN |date=8 January 2013 |access-date=10 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130403071250/http://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/07/sport/football/football-messi-wins-ballon-dor-ronaldo-iniesta/index.html |archive-date=3 April 2013}}</ref> On 6 January, he captain Madrid for de first time insyd an official match, scoring twice insyd a 4–3 win over Sociedad.<ref>{{cite news|title=Iker Casillas turns down Ronaldo's mid-game offer of the captain's armband|url=https://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/soccer-dirty-tackle/iker-casillas-turns-down-ronaldo-mid-game-captain-212458669--sow.html|access-date=6 December 2021|agency=Yahoo Sports|archive-date=7 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207020005/http://sports.yahoo.com/blogs/soccer-dirty-tackle/iker-casillas-turns-down-ronaldo-mid-game-captain-212458669--sow.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Lowe |first=Sid |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2013/jan/30/real-madrid-barcelona-copa-del-rey |title=Real Madrid 1–1 Barcelona Copa del Rey semi-final first leg match report |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=30 January 2013 |access-date=21 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231153337/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2013/jan/30/real-madrid-barcelona-copa-del-rey |archive-date=31 December 2013}}</ref> [[File:Real_Madrid_vs._Atlético_Madrid_28_September_2013_a_(cropped2).JPG|left|thumb|279x279px|Ronaldo score a record 17 UEFA Champions League goals during de 2013–14 season.]] During de 2013–14 season, Madrid ein attacking trio of Ronaldo, [[Gareth Bale]] den [[Karim Benzema]] popularly be dubbed "BBC" (an acronym of Bale, Benzema den Cristiano).<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=200 goals for the BBC |url=http://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2015/09/200-goals-by-the-bbc |date=24 October 2015 |publisher=Real Madrid CF |access-date=6 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118103246/https://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2015/09/200-goals-by-the-bbc |archive-date=18 November 2018}}</ref> Ronaldo score 69 goals insyd 2013, winning de 2013 FIFA Ballon d'Or.<ref>{{cite web |date=31 December 2013 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's goal-den 2013, month by month |url=http://www.marca.com/2013/12/31/en/football/real_madrid/1388444820.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116154551/https://www.marca.com/2013/12/31/en/football/real_madrid/1388444820.html |archive-date=16 November 2018 |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=Marca |location=Spain}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |first=Brian |last=Homewood |title=Emotional Ronaldo ends Messi run |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/soccer-fifa-awards-ronaldo-idINDEEA0C0FB20140113 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=14 January 2014 |access-date=13 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140217070647/http://in.reuters.com/article/2014/01/13/soccer-fifa-awards-ronaldo-idINDEEA0C0FB20140113 |archive-date=17 February 2014}}</ref> Insyd 2014, he help Madrid win dema tenth UEFA Champions League title, scoring once insyd dema 4–1 final win over Atlético Madrid.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 May 2014 |title=Ronaldo first to score for two different European Cup winners |url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/geoblocking.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105002627/https://www.eurosport.com/football/champions-league/2013-2014/ronaldo-first-to-score-for-two-different-european-cup-winners_sto4260599/story.shtml |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2026-08-19 |website=www.tntsports.co.uk}}</ref> As de competition ein top goalscorer for de third time, plus a record 17 goals, na dem name am de UEFA Best Player insyd Europe.<ref>{{cite web |date=24 May 2014 |title=Record-breaking Ronaldo takes scoring honours |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0252-0cdc68c5ee7f-854c7d82fcc8-1000--record-breaking-ronaldo-takes-scoring-honours/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619191846/https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0252-0cdc68c5ee7f-854c7d82fcc8-1000--record-breaking-ronaldo-takes-scoring-honours/ |archive-date=19 June 2022 |access-date=19 June 2022 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref><ref name="UEFA.com">{{cite web |date=28 August 2014 |title=Ronaldo named UEFA Best Player in Europe |url=https://www.uefa.com/news-media/news/0253-0d041e24d1a1-b7ca8a495f74-1000--ronaldo-named-uefa-best-player-in-europe/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221009054856/https://www.uefa.com/insideuefa/awards/news/0253-0d041e24d1a1-b7ca8a495f74-1000--ronaldo-named-uefa-best-player-in-europe/ |archive-date=9 October 2022 |access-date=19 June 2022 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> He score 31 goals insyd 30 league games during de season, wich earn am de European Golden Shoe (he share plus [[Luis Suárez]]) den de Pichichi Trophy.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 May 2014 |title=Suarez claims top billing with Ronaldo |url=http://www.espn.co.uk/football/sport/story/308791.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140520071349/http://www.espn.co.uk/football/sport/story/308791.html |archive-date=20 May 2014 |access-date=21 May 2014 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> On 4 May, he score a back-heeled volley insyd de closing moments of a match against Valencia, wich dem vote de goal of de season by de Liga Nacional de Fútbol Profesional (LFP),<ref>{{cite web |date=27 October 2014 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo, winner of the 'Best Goal in the 2013–14 Liga BBVA' |url=http://www.lfp.es/en/news/cristiano-ronaldo-winner-of-the-best-goal-in-the-2013-14-liga-bbva |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141029074108/http://www.lfp.es/en/news/cristiano-ronaldo-winner-of-the-best-goal-in-the-2013-14-liga-bbva |archive-date=29 October 2014 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=LFP}}</ref> earning am de Best Player insyd La Liga award.<ref name="2013–14">{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Rigg |first=Nicholas |title=Atlético Madrid snubbed at La Liga awards despite winning league ahead of Spanish giants Real Madrid and Barcelona |newspaper=The Independent |date=28 October 2014 |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/atletico-madrid-snubbed-at-la-liga-awards-despite-winning-league-ahead-of-spanish-giants-real-madrid-9822760.html |access-date=18 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309200553/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/atletico-madrid-snubbed-at-la-liga-awards-despite-winning-league-ahead-of-spanish-giants-real-madrid-9822760.html |archive-date=9 March 2016}}</ref> During de 2014–15 season, Ronaldo set a new personal best of 61 goals. After winning de 2014 FIFA Club World Cup,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid=2199029.html |title=Real Madrid claim FIFA Club World Cup |date=20 December 2014 |access-date=21 December 2014 |publisher=UEFA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141225172001/http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid=2199029.html |archive-date=25 December 2014}}</ref> Ronaldo receive de 2014 Ballon d'Or.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20160602042817/https://www.fifa.com/ballon-dor/news/y=2015/m=1/news=ronaldo-kessler-low-and-kellermann-triumph-at-fifa-ballon-d-or-2014-2505871.html "Ronaldo, Kessler, Low and Kellermann triumph at FIFA Ballon d'Or 2014"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602042817/http://www.fifa.com/ballon-dor/news/y=2015/m=1/news=ronaldo-kessler-low-and-kellermann-triumph-at-fifa-ballon-d-or-2014-2505871.html|date=2 June 2016}}.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Simon |first=Thomas |date=12 January 2015 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo dans la troisième dimension |url=http://www.francefootball.fr/news/cristiano-ronaldo-dans-la-troisia-me-dimension/527726 |journal=France Football |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151010140730/http://www.francefootball.fr/news/cristiano-ronaldo-dans-la-troisia-me-dimension/527726 |archive-date=10 October 2015 |access-date=12 April 2016}}</ref> He fini as top scorer insyd de Champions League for a third consecutive season, plus 10 goals (he tie plus Messi den [[Neymar]]).<ref>{{cite web |date=6 June 2015 |title=Neymar, Messi and Ronaldo top scoring charts |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0252-0cd2c6a4864d-6fcf927ecffc-1000--neymar-messi-and-ronaldo-top-scoring-charts/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608211518/http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid=2251883.html |archive-date=8 June 2015 |access-date=7 June 2015 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> On 5 April, he score five goals insyd a game for de first time insyd ein career, wey dey include an eight-minute hat-trick, insyd a 9–1 win over Granada.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Real Madrid 9–1 Granada|work=BBC|date=5 April 2015 |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/32121102|access-date=5 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150406095209/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/32121102|archive-date=6 April 2015}}</ref> Ein 300th goal give Madrid follow three days later insyd a 2–0 win against Rayo Vallecano.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|date=8 April 2015|title=Rayo Vallecano 0–2 Real Madrid |work=BBC Sport |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/32176264|access-date=6 January 2019 |archive-date=7 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107100926/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/32176264}}</ref> He fini de season plus 48 league goals, winning a second consecutive Pichichi Trophy den de European Golden Shoe for a record fourth time.<ref name="AS">{{cite web |date=24 May 2015 |title=Ronaldo beats his personal best for a single season |url=http://as.com/diarioas/2015/05/24/english/1432466623_718194.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524231648/http://as.com/diarioas/2015/05/24/english/1432466623_718194.html |archive-date=24 May 2015 |access-date=24 May 2015 |work=AS}}</ref> ==== 2015–2018: All-time Champions League den Real Madrid top scorer den fifth Ballon d'Or ==== [[File:Ronaldo_in_2018.jpg|right|thumb|Ronaldo insyd de 2018 UEFA Champions League Final, ein final game give Real Madrid]] Ronaldo cam be Real Madrid ein all-time top scorer on 12 September 2015 against Espanyol, ein 230 goals surpassing de total of de previous record holder, [[Raúl González|Raúl]].<ref>{{cite web |date=12 September 2015 |title=Un histórico Ronaldo lidera la goleada al Espanyol |trans-title=A historic Ronaldo leads the thrashing at Espanyol |url=http://www.laliga.es/noticias/un-historico-ronaldo-lidera-la-goleada-al-espanyol |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150914003829/http://www.laliga.es/noticias/un-historico-ronaldo-lidera-la-goleada-al-espanyol |archive-date=14 September 2015 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=laliga.es}}</ref> He sanso cam be de all-time top scorer insyd de Champions League plus a hat-trick insyd de first group match against Shakhtar Donetsk insyd de 2015–16 competition.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 September 2015 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo scores a hat-trick as Real Madrid beat Shakhtar |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11945/9993056/ronaldo-scores-a-hat-trick-as-real-madrid-beat-shakhtar |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150917152504/http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11945/9993056/ronaldo-scores-a-hat-trick-as-real-madrid-beat-shakhtar |archive-date=17 September 2015 |access-date=16 September 2015 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> Two goals against Malmö FF insyd a 2–0 win on 30 September see am reach 500 career goals give club den country.<ref>{{cite web |date=30 September 2015 |title=Real Madrid forward Cristiano Ronaldo scores 500th career goal |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/real-madrid/story/2619945/real-madrid-cristiano-ronaldo-scores-500th-career-goal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619171143/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/real-madrid/story/2619945/real-madrid-cristiano-ronaldo-scores-500th-career-goal |archive-date=19 June 2022 |access-date=19 June 2022 |work=ESPN}}</ref> Insyd de Champions League final, Ronaldo score de winning goal insyd de penalty shoot-out against city rivals Atlético Madrid, winning ein third Champions League title. He win de 2016 Ballon d'Or den de inaugural Best FIFA Men's Player.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 January 2017 |title=The world at Cristiano Ronaldo's feet |url=https://www.fifa.com/the-best-fifa-football-awards/news/y=2017/m=1/news=the-world-at-cristiano-ronaldo-s-feet-2863112.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170603144500/http://www.fifa.com/the-best-fifa-football-awards/news/y=2017/m=1/news=the-world-at-cristiano-ronaldo-s-feet-2863112.html |archive-date=3 June 2017 |access-date=14 May 2017 |work=FIFA}}</ref> Insyd de 2016–17 UEFA Champions League quarter-finals against Bayern Munich insyd April 2016, Ronaldo score both goals insyd a 2–1 win wich see am be cam de first player to reach 100 goals insyd UEFA club competition.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Ronaldo makes history with 100th European goal |url=http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid=2406572.html |date=12 April 2017 |publisher=UEFA |access-date=13 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170414200754/http://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid=2406572.html |archive-date=14 April 2017}}</ref> On 17 May, he score twice against Celta de Vigo to surpass Jimmy Greaves as de all-time top scorer insyd de top five European leagues.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 May 2017 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo smashes Jimmy Greaves' all-time goal record |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11096/10819175/cristiano-ronaldo-smashes-jimmy-greaves-all-time-goal-record |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170518094459/http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11096/10819175/cristiano-ronaldo-smashes-jimmy-greaves-all-time-goal-record |archive-date=18 May 2017 |access-date=18 May 2017 |work=Sky Sports}}</ref> He fini de season plus 42 goals insyd all competitions wey he help Madrid win de La Liga title.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 May 2017 |title=Real Madrid win La Liga title with victory at Malaga |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/39926301 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226192537/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/39926301 |archive-date=26 December 2018 |access-date=6 January 2019 |work=BBC}}</ref> Insyd de 2017 Champions League final, Ronaldo score two goals insyd a 4–1 victory over Juventus wey bring am to 12 goals for de season, making am de competition ein top goalscorer for de fifth straight season.<ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2017 |title=Real Madrid's Cristiano Ronaldo nets 600th goal, boasts 'I was very good' |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/real-madrid/story/3138139/real-madrids-cristiano-ronaldo-nets-600th-career-goal-i-was-very-good |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619171144/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/real-madrid/story/3138139/real-madrids-cristiano-ronaldo-nets-600th-career-goal-i-was-very-good |archive-date=19 June 2022 |access-date=19 June 2022 |work=ESPN}}</ref> On 23 October, ein performances thru out 2017 see am awarded The Best FIFA Men's Player award for de second consecutive year.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Best FIFA Men's Player |url=https://www.fifa.com/the-best-fifa-football-awards/best-fifa-mens-player/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171124135136/http://www.fifa.com/the-best-fifa-football-awards/best-fifa-mens-player/index.html |archive-date=24 November 2017 |access-date=23 October 2017 |work=FIFA}}</ref> A day later, Ronaldo win de 2017 Ballon d'Or, receiving ein fifth-time award on de Eiffel Tower insyd Paris.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Ballon d'Or 2017: Cristiano Ronaldo beats Lionel Messi to win fifth award |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/42269979 |work=BBC |date=8 December 2017|access-date=6 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181128165201/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/42269979|archive-date=28 November 2018}}</ref> On 3 April 2018, Ronaldo score de first two goals insyd a 3–0 away win against Juventus insyd de quarter-finals of de 2017–18 UEFA Champions League, plus ein second goal be an acrobatic bicycle kick. Dem describe am as a "PlayStation goal" by Juventus defender Andrea Barzagli, plus Ronaldo ein foot approximately off 7 ft 7 in (2.31 m) de ground, e garner am a standing ovation from de opposing fans insyd de stadium as well as a plethora of plaudits from peers, pundits den coaches.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43636379 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo bicycle kick: Night Juventus Stadium rose to applaud Real Madrid forward |work=BBC Sport |first=Pat |last=Nevin |author-link=Pat Nevin |date=3 April 2018 |access-date=4 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180403233537/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/43636379|archive-date=3 April 2018}}</ref> Insyd de final on 26 May, Madrid defeat Liverpool 3–1, winning Ronaldo ein fifth Champions League title, de first player to do so.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 May 2018 |title=Ronaldo first to win five Champions League titles |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0250-0c5117b83097-712dd4b75ccb-1000--ronaldo-first-to-win-five-champions-league-titles/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916232033/https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid=2475340.html |archive-date=16 September 2018 |access-date=6 January 2019 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> He fini as de top scorer of de tournament for de sixth consecutive season plus 15 goals.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 May 2018 |title=Madrid beat Liverpool to complete hat-trick |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0245-0e98d7318379-716954065574-1000--madrid-beat-liverpool-to-complete-hat-trick/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615085251/https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0245-0e98d7318379-716954065574-1000--madrid-beat-liverpool-to-complete-hat-trick/ |archive-date=15 June 2020 |access-date=19 June 2022 |publisher=UEFA}}</ref> After de final, Ronaldo refer to ein time plus Madrid insyd de past tense, sparking speculation say he fi leave de club.<ref>{{cite web |last=Corrian |first=Dermot |date=26 May 2018 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo puts future in doubt: 'It's been very nice playing for Real Madrid' |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/real-madrid/story/3510863/cristiano-ronaldo-puts-future-in-doubt-its-been-very-nice-playing-for-real-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619171148/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/real-madrid/story/3510863/cristiano-ronaldo-puts-future-in-doubt-its-been-very-nice-playing-for-real-madrid |archive-date=19 June 2022 |access-date=19 June 2022 |work=ESPN}}</ref> === Juventus === ==== 2018–2020: Consecutive Serie A titles ==== [[File:2019-20_Serie_A_-_Torino_v_Juventus_-_Cristiano_Ronaldo_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb|286x286px|Ronaldo dey play give Juventus against Torino insyd November 2019]] Ronaldo join Juventus insyd 2018 for €100&nbsp;million, na de transfer be de highest ever for a player over 30 years old den de highest paid by an Italian club.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo to Juventus: Is £99m signing a good deal for Italian champions? |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44785738 |access-date=10 July 2018 |work=BBC |date=10 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711103316/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44785738 |archive-date=11 July 2018}}</ref> Upon signing, Ronaldo cite ein need for a new challenge as ein rationale for departing Madrid,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Juventus sign Real Madrid forward for £99.2m |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44785173 |access-date=10 July 2018 |work=BBC |date=10 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710154813/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/44785173 |archive-date=10 July 2018}}</ref> buh he later attribute de transfer to de lack of support wey he feel club presido [[Florentino Pérez]] show.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Fifield |first=Dominic |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: I left Real Madrid because of president Florentino Pérez |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/oct/29/cristiano-ronaldo-left-real-madrid-president-florentino-perez-juventus |access-date=30 October 2018 |work=The Guardian |date=29 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181030170352/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/oct/29/cristiano-ronaldo-left-real-madrid-president-florentino-perez-juventus |archive-date=30 October 2018}}</ref> On 18 August, Ronaldo make ein debut insyd a 3–2 away win against Chievo Verona.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|last=Gamba |first=Emanuele |date=18 August 2018 |url=https://www.repubblica.it/sport/calcio/serie-a/juventus/2018/08/18/news/chievo_juventus_2-3_ronaldo_bernardeschi-204404802/ |title=Buona la prima di Ronaldo in Italia: gioca bene e la Juventus batte il Chievo 3–2 |work=La Repubblica |language=it |access-date=14 July 2021}}</ref> On 19 September, insyd ein first Champions League match give Juve, na dem send am off against Valencia, ein first red card insyd 154 Champions League appearances.<ref>{{cite news|title=Valencia 0–2 Juventus: Cristiano Ronaldo sent off but Italians still win|work=BBC Sport|date=19 September 2018|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/45581933|access-date=11 June 2024|archive-date=19 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919221207/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/45581933|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd de reverse (home) leg against Valencia, Cristiano win 100 Champions League matches, becoming de first ever player to do so.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.gazzetta.it/Calcio/Champions-League/Juventus/28-11-2018/juve-ronaldo-mandukic-che-simbiosi-capolavori-assist-gol-310803729233.shtml |title=Juve, Ronaldo e Mandukic: che simbiosi. Tra capolavori, assist e gol |newspaper=La Gazzetta dello Sport |language=it |date=28 November 2018 |access-date=11 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181128164736/https://www.gazzetta.it/Calcio/Champions-League/Juventus/28-11-2018/juve-ronaldo-mandukic-che-simbiosi-capolavori-assist-gol-310803729233.shtml |archive-date=28 November 2018}}</ref> Ronaldo win ein first trophy plus de club on 16 January 2019, de 2018 Supercoppa Italiana, after he score de only goal from a header against AC Milan.<ref>{{cite web |last=Burnton |first=Simon |date=16 January 2019 |title=Juventus 1–0 Milan: Supercoppa Italiana – as it happened |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/live/2019/jan/16/juventus-v-milan-supercoppa-italiana-live |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210428163836/https://www.theguardian.com/football/live/2019/jan/16/juventus-v-milan-supercoppa-italiana-live |archive-date=28 April 2021 |access-date=16 January 2019 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> On 10 February, Ronaldo score insyd a 3–0 win over Sassuolo, de ninth consecutive away game insyd wich he score insyd de league, equalling [[Giuseppe Signori]] ein single season Serie A record of most consecutive away games plus at least one goal.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.gazzetta.it/calcio/fantanews/11-02-2019/cr7-record-juve-9-trasferte-fila-gol-serie-a-mirino-c-messi-3201193050934.shtml |title=Juve, CR7 da record: 9 trasferte di fila con gol in Serie A. E nel mirino c'è Messi |newspaper=La Gazzetta dello Sport |language=it |date=11 February 2019 |access-date=11 February 2019}}</ref> On 12 March, Ronaldo score a hat-trick insyd a 3–0 home win against Atlético insyd de second leg of de Champions League round of 16, helping Juventus overcam a two-goal deficit to reach de quarter-finals.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/mar/12/juventus-atletico-madrid-champions-league-last-16-second-leg-match-report |title=Cristiano Ronaldo hat-trick against Atlético fires Juventus into last eight |work=The Guardian |date=12 March 2019 |access-date=12 March 2019}}</ref> On 20 April, Ronaldo play insyd de ''scudetto'' clinching game against Fiorentina, as Juventus win dema eighth successive title after a 2–1 home win, thereby becoming de first player to win league titles insyd England, Spain den Italy.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dampf |first1=Andrew |last2=Smith |first2=Adam |date=22 April 2019 |title=Ronaldo Becomes first player to win Europe's top 3 leagues |url=https://www.apnews.com/b67c98f3f07641d7b8a931092a12e037 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191022121059/https://www.apnews.com/b67c98f3f07641d7b8a931092a12e037 |archive-date=22 October 2019 |access-date=22 October 2019 |website=AP News}}</ref> Plus 21 goals den eight assists, Ronaldo wun de league award for Most Valuable Player.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 May 2019 |title=Ronaldo MVP in Serie A Awards |url=https://www.football-italia.net/138193/ronaldo-mvp-serie-awards |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190813042350/https://www.football-italia.net/138193/ronaldo-mvp-serie-awards |archive-date=13 August 2019 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Football Italia}}</ref> On 1 October, he reach several milestones insyd Juventus ein 3–0 Champions League group stage win over Bayer Leverkusen wey dey include breaking [[Iker Casillas]] ein record for most Champions League wins of all time.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.90min.com/posts/6467560-cristiano-ronaldo-smashes-champions-league-record-during-juventus-win-over-bayer-leverkusen |title=Cristiano Ronaldo breaks series of records after scoring 128th Champions League goal in Juventus win over Bayer Leverkusen |work=90 Min |last=Jacot |first=Sam |date=2 October 2019 |access-date=5 November 2019}}</ref> On 18 December, Ronaldo leap to a height of {{Convert|8|ft|5|in|m|abbr=on}}, higher dan de crossbar, to head de winning goal insyd a 2–1 away win against Sampdoria.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Juventus forward defies gravity with jump |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/50849469 |date=18 December 2019 |access-date=20 December 2019 |work=BBC}}</ref> He score ein first Serie A hat-trick on 6 January 2020, insyd a 4–0 home win against Cagliari wey he cam be only de second player to score hat-tricks insyd de Premier League, La Liga den Serie A.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Juventus 4–0 Cagliari: Cristiano Ronaldo scores first Serie A hat-trick |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/51000226 |date=6 January 2019 |access-date=6 January 2019 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> On 22 February, Ronaldo score for a record-equalling 11th consecutive league game, alongside [[Gabriel Batistuta]] den [[Fabio Quagliarella]], insyd wat na be ein 1,000th senior professional game, a 2–1 away win against SPAL.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/51598794 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo scores in win to equal Serie A record in 1,000th game |work=BBC Sport |date=22 February 2020 |access-date=22 February 2020}}</ref> On 22 June, he score a penalty insyd a 2–0 away win over Bologna, overtaking [[Rui Costa]] to be cam de highest scoring Portuguese player insyd Serie A history.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/cristiano-ronaldo-overtakes-rui-costa-225433836.html |title=Cristiano Ronaldo overtakes Rui Costa to become Serie A's top Portuguese scorer |work=Yahoo Sports |date=22 June 2020 |access-date=23 June 2020}}</ref> On 20 July, Ronaldo score twice insyd a 2–1 home win over [[SS Lazio|Lazio]]; na ein first goal be ein 50th insyd Serie A. He cam be de first player insyd history to reach 50 goals insyd de Premier League, La Liga den Serie A, wey he cam be de second player after [[Edin Džeko]] to score 50 goals insyd three of Europe ein top five major leagues.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhargav |date=24 September 2020 |title=Top 5 players who have succeeded in 3 top-5 leagues |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/top-5-players-succeeded-3-top-five-leagues |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240125023839/https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/top-5-players-succeeded-3-top-five-leagues |archive-date=25 January 2024 |access-date=25 January 2024 |website=www.sportskeeda.com}}</ref> Moreover, he cam be de oldest player, at de age of 35 years den 166 days, to score over 30 goals insyd one of de five top European leagues since [[Ronnie Rooke]] plus Arsenal insyd 1948.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 July 2020 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo equals a record from 1948 |url=https://www.marca.com/en/football/international-football/2020/07/21/5f171bcdca4741ba628b464d.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200722172859/https://www.marca.com/en/football/international-football/2020/07/21/5f171bcdca4741ba628b464d.html |archive-date=22 July 2020 |access-date=22 July 2020 |website=Marca}}</ref> On 26 July, Ronaldo score de opening goal insyd a 2–0 home win over Sampdoria as na dem crown Juventus Serie A champions for a ninth consecutive time.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/53544939 |title=Juventus 2–0 Sampdoria: Maurizio Sarri's side claim ninth straight Serie A title |work=BBC Sport |date=27 July 2020 |access-date=6 August 2020}}</ref> On 7 August, Ronaldo score two goals insyd a 2–1 home win against Lyon insyd de second leg of de Champions League round of 16, wich see am fini de season plus 37 goals insyd all competitions; de tally allow am to break Borel ein club record of 36 goals insyd a single season.<ref>{{cite web |date=7 August 2020 |title=Ronaldo breaks all-time Juventus scoring record with Lyon double |url=https://www.goal.com/en-za/news/ronaldo-breaks-all-time-juventus-scoring-record-with-lyon/g3rzq1s808zo1x25vgeu90whu |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809035730/https://www.goal.com/en-za/news/ronaldo-breaks-all-time-juventus-scoring-record-with-lyon/g3rzq1s808zo1x25vgeu90whu/ |archive-date=9 August 2020 |access-date=7 August 2020 |work=Goal}}</ref> ==== 2020–2021: 100 Juve goals, ''Capocannoniere'', den departure ==== Ronaldo play ein 100th match insyd all competitions give Juventus on 13 December, scoring two penalties insyd a 3–1 away win over Genoa insyd de league to bring ein goal tally to 79.<ref>{{cite web |date=13 December 2020 |title=Serie A, Genoa-Juventus 1–3: Dybala e CR7 stendono i rossoblù |url=https://www.sportmediaset.mediaset.it/calcio/seriea/serie-a-genoa-juventus1-3-dybala-e-cr7-stendono-i-rossobl_26560749-202002a.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201214021755/https://www.sportmediaset.mediaset.it/calcio/seriea/serie-a-genoa-juventus1-3-dybala-e-cr7-stendono-i-rossobl_26560749-202002a.shtml |archive-date=14 December 2020 |access-date=13 December 2020 |website=Sport Mediaset}}</ref> On 2 March 2021, he score a goal insyd a 3–0 win over Spezia insyd ein 600th league match, to be cam de first player to score at least 20 goals insyd 12 consecutive seasons insyd de top five leagues of Europe.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/03/03/football/cristiano-ronaldo-goal-record-spt-intl/index.html |title=Cristiano Ronaldo breaks another record during his 600th league game |work=CNN |date=3 March 2021 |access-date=15 July 2021}}</ref> On 12 May, Ronaldo score a goal insyd a 3–1 away win over Sassuolo to reach ein 100th goal give Juventus insyd all competitions on ein 131st appearance, becoming de fastest Juventus player to achieve de feat.<ref>{{cite web |date=12 May 2021 |title=Ronaldo becomes fastest player to reach 100 Juventus goals |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/ronaldo-becomes-fastest-player-to-reach-100-juventus-goals/1ie2lnhyz7z1c1ka0qv1rzwi9t |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513013241/https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/ronaldo-becomes-fastest-player-to-reach-100-juventus-goals/1ie2lnhyz7z1c1ka0qv1rzwi9t |archive-date=13 May 2021 |access-date=12 May 2021 |work=Goal}}</ref> Plus Juventus ein victory insyd de 2021 Coppa Italia Final on 19 May, Ronaldo cam be de first player insyd history to win every major domestic trophy insyd England, Spain den Italy.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 May 2021 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo cements domestic dominance as Juventus wins Coppa Italia |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/20/football/cristiano-ronaldo-wins-coppa-italia-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215083109/https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/20/football/cristiano-ronaldo-wins-coppa-italia-spt-intl/index.html |archive-date=15 December 2022 |access-date=21 May 2021 |work=CNN}}</ref> Ronaldo end de season plus 29 league goals, winning de ''Capocannoniere'' award for highest goalscorer den becoming de first footballer to finish as top scorer insyd de English, Spanish den Italian leagues.<ref name="Serie A top scorer">{{Cite web |date=23 May 2021 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo first player to finish as top scorer in Serie A, Premier League, La Liga |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/juventus-itajuventus/story/4390877/cristiano-ronaldo-first-player-to-finish-as-top-scorer-in-serie-a-premier-league-la-liga |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210524070459/https://www.espn.com/soccer/juventus-itajuventus/story/4390877/cristiano-ronaldo-first-player-to-finish-as-top-scorer-in-serie-a-premier-league-la-liga |archive-date=24 May 2021 |access-date=23 May 2021 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> De start of de following season cam amid reports Ronaldo go depart de club before de closure of de transfer window,<ref>{{cite web |date=23 August 2021 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Juventus boss says he decided to use Portuguese star from the bench on Sunday |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/12961/12388381/cristiano-ronaldo-juventus-boss-says-he-decided-to-use-portuguese-star-from-the-bench-on-sunday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210823191915/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/12961/12388381/cristiano-ronaldo-juventus-boss-says-he-decided-to-use-portuguese-star-from-the-bench-on-sunday |archive-date=23 August 2021 |access-date=27 August 2021 |work=[[Sky Sports]]}}</ref> despite Ronaldo den ein agent Jorge Mendes reaching a verbal agreement plus Manchester City over personal terms,<ref>{{cite web |last=Delaney |first=Miguel |date=26 August 2021 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Man City agree personal terms with Juventus star ahead of possible transfer |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-man-city-news-b1909193.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826223614/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-man-city-news-b1909193.html |archive-date=26 August 2021 |access-date=27 August 2021 |work=[[The Independent]]}}</ref> buh de club pull out of de deal,<ref>{{cite web |last=Dawson |first=Rob |date=27 August 2021 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo to Manchester City off: Manchester United now front-runners |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/manchester-city-engman_city/story/4462735/cristiano-ronaldo-to-manchester-city-off-manchester-united-now-frontrunners-sources |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827210345/https://www.espn.com/soccer/manchester-city-engman_city/story/4462735/cristiano-ronaldo-to-manchester-city-off-manchester-united-now-frontrunners-sources |archive-date=27 August 2021 |access-date=27 August 2021 |work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> wey later na e be confirmed sat City ein rivals Manchester United, Ronaldo ein former club, dey insyd advanced talks to sign am,<ref>{{cite web |last=Stone |first=Simon |date=27 August 2021 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Man Utd in advanced talks to sign Juventus forward |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/58359561 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827225241/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/58359561 |archive-date=27 August 2021 |access-date=27 August 2021 |work=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11667/12392208/cristiano-ronaldo-manchester-united-in-advanced-talks-to-sign-forward-after-manchester-city-pull-out-of-deal|title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Manchester United in advanced talks to sign forward after Manchester City pull out of deal|date=27 August 2021|access-date=27 August 2021|work=[[Sky Sports]]|archive-date=27 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827210305/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11667/12392208/cristiano-ronaldo-manchester-united-in-advanced-talks-to-sign-forward-after-manchester-city-pull-out-of-deal|url-status=live}}</ref> while former manager [[Alex Ferguson]] den several ex-teammates be in contact to persuade am to re-sign give United.<ref>{{cite web |last=Delaney |first=Miguel |date=27 August 2021 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: How Manchester United sealed a transfer 12 years in the making in a matter of hours |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-manchester-united-transfer-b1910152.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827183453/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-manchester-united-transfer-b1910152.html |archive-date=27 August 2021 |access-date=27 August 2021 |work=The Independent}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Ogden |first=Mark |date=27 August 2021 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's Man Utd return: ex-teammates' Whatsapp messages helped end Man City move |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/soccer-transfers/story/4462844/cristiano-ronaldos-man-utd-return-ex-teammates-whatsapp-messages-helped-end-man-city-move-sources |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827213003/https://www.espn.com/soccer/soccer-transfers/story/4462844/cristiano-ronaldos-man-utd-return-ex-teammates-whatsapp-messages-helped-end-man-city-move-sources |archive-date=27 August 2021 |access-date=27 August 2021 |work=ESPN}}</ref> === Return to Manchester United === ==== 2021–2023: Champions League appearances record denq 100 Premier League goals ==== [[File:Cr7_11_September_2021.jpg|left|thumb|Ronaldo insyd a Premier League match against Newcastle insyd September 2021, ein first game back at Manchester United]] On 27 August 2021, Manchester United announce de reach an agreement plus Juventus to re-sign Ronaldo, subject to agreement of personal terms, visa den medical.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2021 |title=United confirm Ronaldo agreement |url=https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/official-statement-on-agreement-reached-for-cristiano-ronaldo |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210831183606/https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/official-statement-on-agreement-reached-for-cristiano-ronaldo |archive-date=31 August 2021 |publisher=Manchester United F.C.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Aarons |first1=Ed |last2=Romano |first2=Fabrizio |date=27 August 2021 |title='Welcome back': Manchester United agree €20m deal for Cristiano Ronaldo |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/aug/27/manchester-city-cristiano-ronaldo-wants-to-leave-juventus-allegri |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828223405/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2021/aug/27/manchester-city-cristiano-ronaldo-wants-to-leave-juventus-allegri |archive-date=28 August 2021 |access-date=27 August 2021 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Na dem give Ronaldo de number 7 shirt after [[Edinson Cavani]] agree to switch to 21.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ostlere |first=Lawrence |date=2 September 2021 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo shirt number: New Manchester United forward takes No7 from Edinson Cavani |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-shirt-number-manchester-united-b1913375.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903225143/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-shirt-number-manchester-united-b1913375.html |archive-date=3 September 2021 |access-date=2 September 2021 |work=The Independent}}</ref> De first 24 hours of Ronaldo ein shirt sales be reported to break de all-time record following a transfer, overtaking Messi after ein move to Paris Saint-Germain.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Fiore |first=Tommaso |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11667/12400586/ronaldo-smashes-man-utd-shirt-sales |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: New Manchester United No 7 smashes shirt sale record and causes media frenzy |date=6 September 2021 |access-date=7 September 2021 |work=Sky Sports}}</ref> On 11 September, Ronaldo make ein second debut at Old Trafford, scoring de opening two goals insyd a 4–1 league victory against Newcastle United.<ref>{{cite web |last=Stone |first=Simon |date=11 September 2021 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo twice scores as Manchester United beat Newcastle |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/58437003 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915102644/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/58437003 |archive-date=15 September 2021 |access-date=11 September 2021 |work=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> On 29 September, he score a last-minute winner insyd United ein 2–1 victory at home to Villarreal insyd de Champions League, wey he overtake [[Iker Casillas]] as de player plus de most appearances insyd de competition.<ref>{{cite web |last=Marsh |first=Charlotte |date=29 September 2021 |title=Man Utd 2–1 Villarreal: Cristiano Ronaldo snatches dramatic late Champions League victory for United |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/man-utd-vs-villarreal/report/457343 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005023533/https://www.skysports.com/football/man-utd-vs-villarreal/report/457343 |archive-date=5 October 2021 |access-date=30 September 2021 |work=Sky Sports}}</ref> Ronaldo prove to be crucial insyd de next Champions League fixtures, scoring various last-minute goals to help United qualify for de round of 16 as group winners.<ref>{{cite news|title=Villarreal 0–2 Man Utd: Cristiano Ronaldo and Jadon Sancho score as United reach Champions League last 16|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11945/12476601/villarreal-0-2-man-utd-cristiano-ronaldo-and-jadon-sancho-score-as-united-reach-champions-league-last-16|access-date=13 November 2022|work=Sky Sports|archive-date=23 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230223210905/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11945/12476601/villarreal-0-2-man-utd-cristiano-ronaldo-and-jadon-sancho-score-as-united-reach-champions-league-last-16|url-status=live}}</ref> On 2 December, Ronaldo score two goals insyd a 3–2 home league win against Arsenal, wich see am surpass 800 career goals.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Man Utd & Portugal forward becomes first player to score 800 top-level goals |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59514549 |date=3 December 2021 |access-date=4 December 2021 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Struggles ensue, plus a fractured relationship plus ein teammates den interim manager, wey continue for two months,<ref>{{cite web |date=8 February 2022 |title=Ronaldo at 37: Is time finally catching up with Man Utd superstar? |url=https://www.goal.com/en-ae/news/ronaldo-37-time-finally-catching-up-man-utd-superstar/bltadab34347c5bb2e7 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220122122/https://www.goal.com/en-ae/news/ronaldo-37-time-finally-catching-up-man-utd-superstar/bltadab34347c5bb2e7 |archive-date=20 February 2023 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=[[Goal.com]]}}</ref> til he score insyd United ein 2–0 win at home versus Brighton & Hove Albion on 15 February 2022, ein first insyd de new year.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 February 2022 |title=Manchester United 2–0 Brighton & Hove Albion: Ronaldo scores as Man Utd beat Brighton |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59618478 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112110744/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/59618478 |archive-date=12 November 2022 |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> He fini de season plus 24 goals insyd all competitions he be named insyd de Premier League Team of de Year den de winner of United ein Sir Matt Busby Player of de Year award,<ref>{{cite web |last=Garrick |first=Omar |date=9 June 2022 |title=PFA Premier League Team of the Year: Ronaldo, De Bruyne, Salah included |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4175611/2022/06/09/pfa-premier-league-team-of-the-year-ronaldo-de-bruyne-salah-included/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220609183929/https://theathletic.com/news/pfa-premier-league-team-of-the-year-ronaldo-salah-de-bruyne/mPO0l7G4S946/ |archive-date=9 June 2022 |access-date=19 June 2022 |work=The Athletic}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Joe|last=Nelson|title=Ronaldo named United's Player of the Year|url=https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/cristiano-ronaldo-wins-man-utd-sir-matt-busby-player-of-the-year-award-2021-22-06-june-2022|publisher=Manchester United|date=4 June 2022|access-date=4 June 2022|archive-date=26 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126184345/https://www.manutd.com/en/news/detail/cristiano-ronaldo-wins-man-utd-sir-matt-busby-player-of-the-year-award-2021-22-06-june-2022|url-status=live}}</ref> buh United fini insyd a disappointing sixth place wey dem qualify for de UEFA Europa League; as a result, Ronaldo go trophyless for de first time since 2010.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 May 2022 |title=Comparing Messi's PSG record with Ronaldo's at Man Utd in 2021–22 |url=https://www.planetfootball.com/quick-reads/comparing-lionel-messi-psg-record-with-cristiano-ronaldo-at-man-utd-in-2021-22/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220213092802/https://www.planetfootball.com/quick-reads/comparing-lionel-messi-psg-record-with-cristiano-ronaldo-at-man-utd-in-2021-22/ |archive-date=13 February 2022 |access-date=12 June 2022 |work=Planet Football}}</ref> After growing dissatisfaction plus de direction of United on den off de field, Ronaldo desire to leave to join a club wey dey compete insyd de Champions League, buh a move fail to materialise, plus various European clubs refusing a transfer, secof ein age, overall cost of a transfer den high wage demands.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 July 2022 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo reiterates desire to leave Manchester United during Carrington meeting |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/3457659/2022/07/28/cristiano-ronaldo-manchester-united-desire/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230219151742/https://theathletic.com/3457659/2022/07/28/cristiano-ronaldo-manchester-united-desire/ |archive-date=19 February 2023 |access-date=11 November 2022 |work=[[The Athletic]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Aarons |first=Ed |date=14 July 2022 |title=Chelsea decide against signing Cristiano Ronaldo after talks with representatives |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/jul/14/chelsea-decide-against-signing-cristiano-ronaldo-after-talks-with-representatives |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221127213129/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/jul/14/chelsea-decide-against-signing-cristiano-ronaldo-after-talks-with-representatives |archive-date=27 November 2022 |access-date=27 November 2022 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> Shortly after, he fall out plus manager [[Erik ten Hag]] wey use am as a substitute, leading United to terminate ein contract on 22 November, following an interview plus [[Piers Morgan]], wer Ronaldo talk say na he feel "betrayed" by Ten Hag wey he criticise de management of de club.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 November 2022 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo to leave Manchester United with immediate effect |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/22/cristiano-ronaldo-to-leave-manchester-united-with-immediate-effect |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220122808/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/nov/22/cristiano-ronaldo-to-leave-manchester-united-with-immediate-effect |archive-date=20 February 2023 |access-date=22 November 2022 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> === Al-Nassr === ==== 2023–present: "Revolution" insyd Asian Football den Saudi Pro League champion ==== [[File:RonaldoAl-Nassr23.jpg|thumb|347x347px|Ronaldo plus Al-Nassr insyd September 2023]] On 30 December 2022, Saudi Arabian club Al-Nassr reach an agreement for Ronaldo to join de club, signing a contract til 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2022 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Former Manchester United forward signs for Saudi Arabian club Al-Nassr |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12777056/cristiano-ronaldo-former-manchester-united-forward-signs-for-saudi-arabian-club-al-nassr |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230112173135/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/12777056/cristiano-ronaldo-former-manchester-united-forward-signs-for-saudi-arabian-club-al-nassr |archive-date=12 January 2023 |access-date=30 December 2022 |work=[[Sky Sports]]}}</ref> Ronaldo receive de highest football salary ever, at €200 million per year,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Romano |first=Fabrizio |author-link=Fabrizio Romano |date=30 December 2022 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo completes deal to join Saudi Arabian club Al Nassr |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/dec/30/cristiano-ronaldo-al-nassr-saudi-arabia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230105112321/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/dec/30/cristiano-ronaldo-al-nassr-saudi-arabia |archive-date=5 January 2023 |access-date=30 December 2022 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2022 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo joins Saudi Arabian side Al Nassr until 2025 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/63805297 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212015056/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/63805297 |archive-date=12 February 2023 |access-date=30 December 2022 |work=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> wey dey include a guaranteed football salary of €90 million, plus commercial den sponsorship deals bringing ein total annual salary to €200 million. He make ein debut give Al-Nassr on 22 January 2023, as club captain, playing de full 90 minutes of a 1–0 win over Al-Ettifaq,<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Portugal forward makes competitive debut in Al Nassr win |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/64368434 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122234439/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/64368434 |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=23 January 2023 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> wey he score ein first goal insyd a 2–2 draw against Al-Fateh by converting a last-minute penalty.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/av/football/64523053|title=Cristiano Ronaldo scores late penalty for first Al Nassr goal in Saudi Arabia|work=BBC Sport|date=3 February 2023|access-date=3 February 2023|archive-date=7 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207084026/https://www.bbc.com/sport/av/football/64523053|url-status=live}}</ref> On 9 February, Ronaldo score all four goals insyd a 4–0 win over Al-Wehda, ein first goal of de match be ein 500th career league goal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 February 2023 |title=Ronaldo scores four goals to pass 500 in club career |url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/ronaldo-scores-four-goals-pass-500-club-career-2023-02-09/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210184933/https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/ronaldo-scores-four-goals-pass-500-club-career-2023-02-09/ |archive-date=10 February 2023 |access-date=10 February 2023 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> According to de BBC, Ronaldo ein transfer to Al-Nassr lead a "revolution" insyd Asian football, wey chaw players from oda leagues, particularly those insyd Europe, transferring to Saudi Pro League clubs for de 2023–24 season.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Saudi wealth shaping football's new reality|work=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/66245206|access-date=17 August 2023|archive-date=26 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026141231/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/66245206|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=16 August 2023|title=Neymar credits Ronaldo for Saudi Pro League transformation|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/neymar-credits-ronaldo-saudi-pro-league-transformation-2023-08-16/|access-date=17 August 2023|archive-date=17 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230817081900/https://www.reuters.com/sports/soccer/neymar-credits-ronaldo-saudi-pro-league-transformation-2023-08-16/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 August 2023 |title=Neymar, the latest star of the Saudi Pro League, the new order of soccer |url=https://www.marca.com/en/football/2023/08/15/64dbce77e2704ef5378b4569.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250129105119/https://www.marca.com/en/football/2023/08/15/64dbce77e2704ef5378b4569.html |archive-date=29 January 2025 |access-date=17 August 2023 |website=MARCA}}</ref> Insyd de final of de Arab Club Champions Cup on 12 August, Ronaldo score both goals as dem defeat rivals Al-Hilal 2–1 after extra time. Ronaldo score six goals insyd de competition.<ref name="accc">{{Cite magazine|date=12 August 2023|title=Cristiano Ronaldo Wins First Trophy Since 2021 After Scoring Two Goals For 10-Man Al-Nassr In Arab Club Champions Cup Final|url=https://www.si.com/fannation/soccer/futbol/news/cristiano-ronaldo-wins-1st-al-nassr-trophy-after-2-goals-in-final|access-date=12 August 2023|magazine=[[Sports Illustrated]]|archive-date=28 August 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828163849/https://www.si.com/fannation/soccer/futbol/news/cristiano-ronaldo-wins-1st-al-nassr-trophy-after-2-goals-in-final|url-status=live}}</ref> At de close of de year, Ronaldo score 54 goals insyd all competitions give Al-Nassr den Portugal, wey dey make am de outright top scorer insyd 2023, reaching de same goalscoring record as insyd 2016.<ref>{{cite news|title=Cristiano Ronaldo to end 2023 as world's top goal scorer|newspaper=[[ESPN]]|date=30 December 2023|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/39211354/cristiano-ronaldo-end-2023-world-top-goalscorer|archive-date=7 April 2024|access-date=29 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407083631/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/39211354/cristiano-ronaldo-end-2023-world-top-goalscorer|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Cristiano Ronaldo Ends 2023 Two Goals Clear Of Harry Kane And Kylian Mbappe As Top Scorer In World Soccer|newspaper=[[Sports Illustrated]]|date=30 December 2023|url=https://www.si.com/fannation/soccer/futbol/news/cristiano-ronaldo-ends-2023-as-top-scorer-in-world-with-54-goals|archive-date=4 April 2024|access-date=29 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240404131209/https://www.si.com/fannation/soccer/futbol/news/cristiano-ronaldo-ends-2023-as-top-scorer-in-world-with-54-goals|url-status=live}}</ref> On 27 May 2024, insyd Al-Nassr ein home fixture against Al-Ittihad, Ronaldo score ein 34th den 35th league goals of de campaign, surpassing [[Abderrazak Hamdallah]] ein record for de most goals scored insyd a single Saudi Pro League season. He sanso cam be de first footballer to finish as top scorer insyd four different leagues: de English, Spanish, Italian den Saudi leagues.<ref>{{cite web |last=Banerjee |first=Ritabrata |date=27 May 2024 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo makes history again! Al-Nassr hero breaks Saudi Pro League record for most goals in a season as Portugal hero downs Al-Ittihad |url=https://www.goal.com/en-kw/lists/cristiano-ronaldo-makes-history-al-nassr-breaks-saudi-pro-league-record-most-goals-in-season/bltdba00468162c54b2#csf3eebff5aaf5212a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527212242/https://www.goal.com/en-kw/lists/cristiano-ronaldo-makes-history-al-nassr-breaks-saudi-pro-league-record-most-goals-in-season/bltdba00468162c54b2#csf3eebff5aaf5212a |archive-date=27 May 2024 |access-date=12 June 2024 |publisher=Goal.com}}</ref> On 31 May, insyd a 5–4 penalty shoot-out defeat to Al-Hilal insyd de 2024 King Cup final following a 1–1 draw after extra time (insyd wich he score ein side ein second spot kick), he equal [[Rogério Ceni]] ein record for most top-level matches by a male professional footballer (1,225).<ref>{{cite web |date=4 June 2024 |title=NEW WORLD RECORD |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/new-world-record-3664 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250316000958/https://iffhs.com/posts/3664 |archive-date=16 March 2025 |access-date=12 June 2024 |publisher=www.iffhs.com}}</ref> [[File:Cristiano_Ronaldo_in_2023.jpg|left|thumb|287x287px|Ronaldo dey train plus Al-Nassr]] On 30 January 2025, he cam be de first player to reach 700 club-level wins, while sanso dey score a goal insyd a 2–1 away victory against Al Raed.<ref>{{cite web |date=31 January 2025 |title=Ronaldo becomes first player to reach 700 club victories |url=https://www.tbsnews.net/sports/ronaldo-becomes-first-player-reach-700-club-victories-1057216 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250815040031/https://www.tbsnews.net/sports/ronaldo-becomes-first-player-reach-700-club-victories-1057216 |archive-date=15 August 2025 |access-date=7 June 2026 |publisher=The Business Standard}}</ref> On 28 February, Ronaldo play ein 100th match insyd all competitions give Al-Nassr, a 2–1 away loss to Al-Orobah.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 February 2025 |title=Ronaldo's landmark appearance ends in disaster as he flops on big occasion |url=https://talksport.com/football/2974515/cristiano-ronaldos-landmark-appearance-al-nassr-defeat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250228225510/https://talksport.com/football/2974515/cristiano-ronaldos-landmark-appearance-al-nassr-defeat/ |archive-date=28 February 2025 |access-date=28 February 2025 |website=talkSPORT}}</ref> On 26 May, he score ein 800th career club goal insyd a 3–2 away loss to Al Fateh on de final day of de season.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 May 2025 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo hits 800 career club goals |url=https://ca.sports.yahoo.com/news/cristiano-ronaldo-hits-800-career-095500423.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251112011642/https://ca.sports.yahoo.com/news/cristiano-ronaldo-hits-800-career-095500423.html |archive-date=12 November 2025 |access-date=7 June 2026 |publisher=Yahoo Sports}}</ref> After de match, he hint at ein departure,<ref>{{cite web |date=27 May 2025 |title='Chapter over'- is Ronaldo set for Club World Cup? |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/cx2epr0ny7po |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251112014839/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/cx2epr0ny7po |archive-date=12 November 2025 |access-date=7 June 2026 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> buh he end up extend ein contract plus Al Nassr til 2027.<ref>{{cite web |last=Luckings |first=Steve |date=26 June 2025 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo signs Al Nassr contract extension |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/sport/football/2025/06/26/ronaldo-new-contract-al-nassr/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260111204625/https://www.thenationalnews.com/sport/football/2025/06/26/ronaldo-new-contract-al-nassr/ |archive-date=11 January 2026 |access-date=7 June 2026 |publisher=The National News}}</ref> Despite dat, he fini de 2024–25 season plus 25 league goals, becoming de league ein top scorer for a second consecutive time.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 May 2025 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo clinches second successive Saudi Pro League Golden Boot ahead of Ivan Toney as Al-Nassr superstar lands consolation prize after latest title failure &#124; Goal.com |url=https://www.goal.com/en/lists/cristiano-ronaldo-second-successive-saudi-pro-league-golden-boot-ahead-ivan-toney-al-nassr-superstar-consolation-prize-title-failure/blt0b2b73f0317cf384 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260515172753/https://www.goal.com/en/lists/cristiano-ronaldo-second-successive-saudi-pro-league-golden-boot-ahead-ivan-toney-al-nassr-superstar-consolation-prize-title-failure/blt0b2b73f0317cf384 |archive-date=15 May 2026 |access-date=28 May 2025 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> On 23 August, Ronaldo score ein 100th goal give Al-Nassr plus a penalty, becoming de first player insyd history to reach de milestone of 100 goals for four different clubs.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 August 2025 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's goals for Al Nassr: Know ace footballer's scoring record for Saudi club |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/cristiano-ronaldo-al-nassr-fc-club-total-goals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250404003248/https://www.olympics.com/en/news/cristiano-ronaldo-al-nassr-fc-club-total-goals |archive-date=4 April 2025 |access-date=7 June 2026 |publisher=Olympics.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=24 August 2025 |title=CRISTIANO RONALDO'S NEW WORLD RECORD |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/cristiano-ronaldos-new-world-record-4588 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260510202154/https://iffhs.com/posts/4588 |archive-date=10 May 2026 |access-date=7 June 2026 |publisher=IFFHS}}</ref> Insyd early February 2026, Ronaldo reportedly refuse to play give Al‑Nassr in protest against Saudi Arabia ein Public Investment Fund (PIF), citing concerns over de club ein transfer strategy den competitive standing, despite he be fully fit.<ref>{{cite web |date=2 February 2026 |title=Why is Ronaldo refusing to play for Al Nassr? He is not injured |url=https://gulfnews.com/sport/football/why-is-ronaldo-refusing-to-play-for-al-nassr-he-is-not-injured-1.500428886 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260401061805/https://gulfnews.com/sport/football/why-is-ronaldo-refusing-to-play-for-al-nassr-he-is-not-injured-1.500428886 |archive-date=1 April 2026 |access-date=7 June 2026 |publisher=Gulf News}}</ref> He return to action, on 14 February, scoring a goal insyd a 2–0 away win over Al Fateh.<ref>{{cite web |date=14 February 2026 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo returns with goal for Al Nassr, closing in on 1,000 |url=https://www.beinsports.com/en-us/soccer/articles/cristiano-ronaldo-returns-with-goal-for-al-nassr-closing-in-on-1-000-2026-02-14 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260718160346/https://www.beinsports.com/en-us/soccer/articles/cristiano-ronaldo-returns-with-goal-for-al-nassr-closing-in-on-1-000-2026-02-14 |archive-date=18 July 2026 |access-date=9 June 2026 |publisher=beIN SPORTS}}</ref> On 21 February, he score twice insyd 4–0 victory over Al-Hazm, ein first goal wey make am de first player insyd football history to score 500 career goals after turning 30 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 February 2026 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo passes 500 goals after 30 as he moves closer to an untouchable 1000 goal mark |url=https://www.marca.com/en/football/2026/02/21/699a1b5f22601d584f8b45ca.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260302065248/https://www.marca.com/en/football/2026/02/21/699a1b5f22601d584f8b45ca.html |archive-date=2 March 2026 |access-date=9 June 2026 |publisher=Marca}}</ref> On 21 May, he score twice insyd a 4–1 victory over Damac, securing ein club de Saudi Pro League title insyd de final match, marking Ronaldo ein first league title win insyd five years den Al-Nassr ein first league title since de 2018–19 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 May 2026 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo wins first Saudi title as Al Nassr clinch league |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/48635460/cristiano-ronaldo-first-saudi-title-al-nassr-clinch-league |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260715004815/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/48635460/cristiano-ronaldo-first-saudi-title-al-nassr-clinch-league |archive-date=15 July 2026 |access-date=7 June 2026 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> == International career == [[File:Cristiano_Ronaldo_20120609.jpg|right|thumb|Ronaldo, dem picture dey play against Germany at Euro 2012, wey na dem make am captain give Portugal insyd 2008.]] At de age of 18, Ronaldo make ein debut give Portugal as a substitute against Kazakhstan on 20 August 2003.<ref name="ABC">{{cite web |date=26 April 2006 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Young lion |url=https://www.abc.net.au/sport/columns/200604/s1624027.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210904024920/https://www.abc.net.au/sport/columns/200604/s1624027.htm |archive-date=4 September 2021 |access-date=16 June 2021 |work=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]}}</ref> At UEFA Euro 2004, he score ein first international goal insyd a 2–1 group stage loss to Greece insyd ein eighth international appearance.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Emons|first1=Michael|title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Portugal's Euros record breaker and record chaser|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/articles/clkk92yprl3o|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=5 June 2024|archive-date=11 June 2024|access-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611122652/https://www.bbc.com/sport/articles/clkk92yprl3o|url-status=live}}</ref> Despite Portugal san loose to Greece insyd de final, Ronaldo make de team of de tournament, plus two assists den two goals.<ref>{{cite web |title=UEFA EURO 2004 Statistics: Assists |url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/season=2004/statistics/round=1581/players/type=assists/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202232904/http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/season=2004/statistics/round=1581/players/type=assists/index.html |archive-date=2 December 2013 |access-date=9 September 2013}}</ref> Insyd de 2006 FIFA World Cup, at de age of 21 years den 132 days, Ronaldo cam be de youngest ever goalscorer give Portugal at a World Cup finals.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 June 2006 |title=Portugal 2–0 Iran |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/world_cup_2006/4853078.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070816004343/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2006/4853078.stm |archive-date=16 August 2007 |access-date=16 June 2021 |work=BBC Sport}}</ref> Portugal reach de semi-finals, wer Portugal loose to France, wey na dem boo Ronaldo during dema defeat, secof an incident wey occur insyd de quarter-finals against England.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chick |first=Alex |date=6 July 2006 |title=Scolari's fortunes take a dive |url=http://www.espnfc.com/story/373430 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904122504/http://www.espnfc.com/story/373430/scolaris-fortunes-take-a-dive |archive-date=4 September 2014 |access-date=3 October 2023 |website=[[ESPN FC]]}}</ref> FIFA ein Technical Study Group overlook am for de tournament ein Best Young Player award wey dem hand am to Germany ein [[Lukas Podolski]], citing ein behaviour as a factor insyd de decision.<ref name="FFT">{{cite web |last=Flanagan |first=Chris |date=8 September 2020 |title=Long read: Cristiano Ronaldo's incredible journey to 100 Portugal goals – and the all-time international record still to come |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/cristiano-ronaldo-portugal-100th-goal-international-record-man-utd-real-madrid-juventus-sweden-ali-daei |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230212112423/https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/cristiano-ronaldo-portugal-100th-goal-international-record-man-utd-real-madrid-juventus-sweden-ali-daei |archive-date=12 February 2023 |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=[[FourFourTwo]]}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Podolski beats Ronaldo to award |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2006/5157434.stm |work=BBC Sport |date=7 July 2006 |access-date=10 July 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060710052315/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/world_cup_2006/5157434.stm|archive-date=10 July 2006}}</ref> On 6 February 2007, Cristiano captain Portugal for de first time insyd a friendly against Brazil.<ref name="Rediff captain">{{cite web |date=7 February 2007 |title=Scolari delighted with Portugal victory over Brazil |url=http://www.rediff.com/sports/2007/feb/07scol.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100629013920/http://www.rediff.com/sports/2007/feb/07scol.htm |archive-date=29 June 2010 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Rediff}}</ref> He wear de number 7 shirt ahead of UEFA Euro 2008.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/season=2008/teams/team=110/squad/index.html |title=Portugal |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=UEFA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116105958/http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/season=2008/teams/team=110/squad/index.html|archive-date=16 January 2014}}</ref> Despite scoring eight goals insyd qualifications,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Top scorers for Euro 2008 European Qualifying campaign |url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/stats/topscorers?league=uefa.euroq |publisher=ESPN|access-date=11 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007223817/http://soccernet.espn.go.com/stats/topscorers?league=uefa.euroq|archive-date=7 October 2010}}</ref> de second-highest tally, he score just one goal insyd de finals, de second goal of Portugal ein 3–1 win insyd de group stage game against de Czech Republic. Na dem eliminate Portugal insyd de quarter-finals after a 3–2 loss to Germany.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 June 2008 |title=Euro 2008: German power leaves Portugal in despair |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/international/2303651/Euro-2008-German-power-leaves-Portugal-in-despair.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100830054532/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/international/2303651/Euro-2008-German-power-leaves-Portugal-in-despair.html |archive-date=30 August 2010 |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=The Daily Telegraph}}</ref> Ronaldo fail to score insyd 2010 World Cup qualifying.<ref name="FFT"/> He score only one goal insyd de 2010 World Cup finals; despite dis, he be named man of de match insyd all three group stage matches, against Ivory Coast, North Korea den Brazil.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 June 2010 |title=Full-time report Côte d'Ivoire-Portugal |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/southafrica2010/matches/round=249722/match=300061489/report.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513034839/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/southafrica2010/matches/round%3D249722/match%3D300061489/report.html |archive-date=13 May 2012 |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=FIFA}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=21 June 2010 |title=Full-time report North Korea-Portugal |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/southafrica2010/matches/round=249722/match=300061487/report.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120618010543/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/southafrica2010/matches/round%3D249722/match%3D300061487/report.html |archive-date=18 June 2012 |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=FIFA}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 June 2010 |title=Full-time report Brazil-Portugal |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/southafrica2010/matches/round=249722/match=300111111/report.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513030008/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/southafrica2010/matches/round%3D249722/match%3D300111111/report.html |archive-date=13 May 2012 |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=FIFA}}</ref> Ein only goal of de tournament cam insyd dema 7–0 demolishing of North Korea, wich na be ein first international goal insyd 16 months.<ref name="wsj">{{cite web |date=21 June 2010 |title=Portugal Beats North Korea in 7–0 Rout |url=https://www.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704895204575320582816388848.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200825182548/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704895204575320582816388848 |archive-date=25 August 2020 |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref> Two years later, insyd UEFA Euro 2012, na Ronaldo be joint top scorer plus three goals, enough for am to be included insyd de team of de tournament. During qualification for de 2014 FIFA World Cup, Ronaldo score eight goals. Despite dis, na Portugal no qualify directly; Ronaldo score all four goals against Sweden insyd de play-off to qualify.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 November 2013 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo showed 'I am here' after stunning hat-trick for Portugal in World Cup play-off against Sweden |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/international/cristiano-ronaldo-showed-i-am-here-after-stunning-hattrick-for-portugal-in-world-cup-playoff-against-sweden-8951025.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140829072537/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/international/cristiano-ronaldo-showed-i-am-here-after-stunning-hattrick-for-portugal-in-world-cup-playoff-against-sweden-8951025.html |archive-date=29 August 2014 |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=The Independent}}</ref> At de tournament insyd Brazil, Ronaldo assist a last-minute 2–2 equaliser against de United States,<ref>{{cite news|last=Ogden|first=Mark|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/10918774/USA-v-Portugal-World-Cup-2014-Cristiano-Ronaldo-produces-last-gasp-moment-of-magic-to-keep-hopes-alive.html|title=Cristiano Ronaldo produces last gasp moment of magic to keep hopes alive|date=23 June 2014|access-date=11 June 2024|work=The Daily Telegraph|url-access=subscription|archive-date=24 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224173406/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/10918774/USA-v-Portugal-World-Cup-2014-Cristiano-Ronaldo-produces-last-gasp-moment-of-magic-to-keep-hopes-alive.html|url-status=live}}</ref> wey he score an 80th-minute winner insyd a 2–1 win over [[Ghana national football team|Ghana]].<ref name="BBC14">[https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/25285312 "Portugal 2–1 Ghana"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180310205020/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/25285312|date=10 March 2018}} . </ref> [[File:1_cristiano_ronaldo_2016.jpg|left|thumb|Ronaldo leap insyd de air insyd Portugal ein Euro 2016 quarter-final match against Poland.]] Insyd 2016, Ronaldo lead Portugal to dema first-ever trophy at de UEFA Euro 2016, although na dem sub am off insyd de 25th minute insyd de final against hosts France.<ref name="FFT"/> He receive de Silver Boot as de second-highest goalscorer, wich give am ein fourth Ballon d'Or later dat year. Plus de win, Portugal qualify wey e make ein only appearance insyd de FIFA Confederations Cup dem hold insyd Russia, wer na dem fini insyd third place, wey dem name Ronaldo man of de match insyd all three of Portugal ein group stage matches.<ref>{{cite web |title=FIFA Confederations Cup Russia 2017 – Awards – Man of the Match |url=https://www.fifa.com/confederationscup/awards/man-of-the-match/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170621031639/http://www.fifa.com/confederationscup/awards/man-of-the-match/index.html |archive-date=21 June 2017 |access-date=26 June 2017 |work=FIFA}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2 July 2017 |title=Portugal come from behind to finish third |url=https://www.fifa.com/confederationscup/matches/round=274643/match=300334886/match-report.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702174315/http://www.fifa.com/confederationscup/matches/round=274643/match=300334886/match-report.html |archive-date=2 July 2017 |access-date=2 July 2017 |work=FIFA}}</ref> Insyd de 2018 World Cup, Ronaldo cam be de oldest player to score a hat-trick insyd a World Cup match, insyd a 3–3 draw against Spain.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 June 2018 |title=Spain vs. Portugal final score: Crazy draw as Cristiano Ronaldo becomes oldest to score World Cup hat trick |url=https://www.cbssports.com/soccer/world-cup/news/spain-vs-portugal-final-score-crazy-draw-as-ronaldo-becomes-oldest-to-score-world-cup-hat-trick/amp/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180616031345/https://www.cbssports.com/soccer/world-cup/news/spain-vs-portugal-final-score-crazy-draw-as-ronaldo-becomes-oldest-to-score-world-cup-hat-trick/amp/ |archive-date=16 June 2018 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=cbssports.com}}</ref> De following match, Ronaldo score de only goal insyd a 1–0 win against Morocco, breaking Puskás ein record as de highest European goalscorer of all time, plus 85 international goals.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |first=Luke |last=Brown |date=20 June 2018 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo goal, Portugal vs Morocco World Cup 2018: Real Madrid forward breaks record with header |work=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/cristiano-ronaldo-goal-portugal-vs-morocco-watch-live-stream-world-cup-2018-record-highlights-a8407906.html |access-date=20 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620235228/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/cristiano-ronaldo-goal-portugal-vs-morocco-watch-live-stream-world-cup-2018-record-highlights-a8407906.html|archive-date=20 June 2018}}</ref> For ein performances insyd de tournament, na dem name Ronaldo insyd de World Cup Dream Team.<ref name="2018FWC">{{cite web |date=23 July 2018 |title=Fan Dream Team and prize winners revealed! |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/fan-dream-team-and-prize-winners-revealed |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180828182020/https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/fan-dream-team-and-prize-winners-revealed |archive-date=28 August 2018 |access-date=18 August 2018 |work=FIFA}}</ref> Ronaldo lead Portugal to victory insyd de inaugural UEFA Nations League insyd 2019, receiving de top scorer award insyd de finals,<ref name="CR7 NL 2019">{{#invoke:cite|news|first=Daniel|last=Taylor|author-link=Daniel Taylor (journalist)|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/jun/09/portugal-netherlands-nations-league-final-match-report|title=Portugal win Nations League as Gonçalo Guedes does for the Netherlands|work=[[The Guardian]]|location=Estádio do Dragão|date=9 June 2019|access-date=2 February 2020}}</ref> wey he receive de Golden Boot as top scorer of Euro 2020. Ronaldo sanso cam be de first player to score at five European Championships.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 June 2021 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo becomes top scorer in European Championship history |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/4209629/2021/06/15/cristiano-ronaldo-becomes-top-scorer-in-european-championship-history/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210615190634/https://theathletic.com/news/cristiano-ronaldo-goals-euro-2020/JOKIXtc3fbOR |archive-date=15 June 2021 |access-date=11 June 2024 |work=[[The Athletic]]}}</ref> On 23 June 2021, Ronaldo score two goals insyd de Euro 2020 match against France, breaking de men's goalscoring record wey previously [[Ali Daei]] hold.<ref>{{cite news|title=Cristiano Ronaldo breaks men's international scoring record with 108th and 109th goals|work=BBC Sport|date=September 2021|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/58412201|access-date=11 June 2024|archive-date=8 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008105620/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/58412201|url-status=live}}</ref> On 9 October, he score de opening goal insyd a 3–0 friendly win over Qatar at de Estádio Algarve; plus ein 181st international appearance, he sanso overtake [[Sergio Ramos]] ein record for de most international caps wey a European player receive.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cristiano Ronaldo bate recorde europeu de internacionalizações |url=https://maisfutebol.iol.pt/portugal/selecao-nacional/cristiano-ronaldo-bate-recorde-europeu-de-internacionalizacoes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240103095839/https://maisfutebol.iol.pt/portugal/selecao-nacional/cristiano-ronaldo-bate-recorde-europeu-de-internacionalizacoes |archive-date=3 January 2024 |access-date=3 January 2024 |website=Maisfutebol |language=pt}}</ref> Insyd de following match against Luxembourg on 12 October, he sanso play at de Estádio Algarve, Ronaldo score a hat-trick insyd a 5–0 win give Portugal, thus becoming de first player to score 10 hat-tricks insyd men's international football.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.sportinglife.com/football/news/cristiano-ronaldo-scores-a-record-breaking-10th-international-hat-trick-for-portugal/195305 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo scores a record-breaking 10th international hat-trick for Portugal |work=Sporting Life |date=13 October 2021 |access-date=6 December 2022}}</ref> [[File:Cristiano_Ronaldo_WC2022_-_02.jpg|right|thumb|Ronaldo during a group stage game against Uruguay at de 2022 World Cup]] Insyd de 2022 World Cup, on 24 November, Ronaldo cam be de first male player to score at five World Cups, plus a penalty against Ghana.<ref>{{cite web |date=24 November 2022 |title=Portugal's Cristiano Ronaldo becomes first male player to score in 5 World Cups |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/portugal-por/story/4805137/cristiano-ronaldo-becomes-first-man-to-score-in-5-world-cups |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126052300/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/portugal-por/story/4805137/cristiano-ronaldo-becomes-first-man-to-score-in-5-world-cups |archive-date=26 November 2022 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Dey follow a dispute plus manager [[Fernando Santos (footballer, born 1954)|Fernando Santos]], after dema last group game against South Korea, na dem drop am from de starting line-up for Portugal ein last 16 match, wey dey mark de first time since Euro 2008 wey he no start a game give Portugal insyd a major international tournament,<ref>{{cite news|last=McNulty|first=Phil|author-link=Phil McNulty|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/63882676|title=World Cup 2022: 'Cristiano Ronaldo reduced to role of superstar nobody wants'|date=6 December 2022|access-date=7 December 2022|work=BBC Sport|archive-date=6 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206235326/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/63882676|url-status=live}}</ref> den de first time Portugal start a knockout game widout Ronaldo insyd de starting line-up at an international tournament since Euro 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Humayun |first=Ali |date=6 December 2022 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo dropped for Portugal's World Cup clash with Switzerland |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/3975683/2022/12/06/cristiano-ronaldo-portugal-team-news/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221206175009/https://theathletic.com/3975683/2022/12/06/cristiano-ronaldo-portugal-team-news/ |archive-date=6 December 2022 |access-date=6 December 2022 |work=[[The Athletic]]}}</ref> On 23 March 2023, Ronaldo score two goals against Liechtenstein as he earn ein 197th overall cap to be cam de most capped male footballer of all time.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ronaldo at the double as Portugal beat Liechtenstein 4–0 in the Euro 2024 qualifiers |url=https://portugoal.net/selecao/3146-ronaldo-at-the-double-as-portugal-beat-liechtenstein-4-0-in-the-euro-2024-qualifiers |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602184948/https://portugoal.net/selecao/3146-ronaldo-at-the-double-as-portugal-beat-liechtenstein-4-0-in-the-euro-2024-qualifiers |archive-date=2 June 2023 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=PortuGOAL.net}}</ref> On 20 June, Ronaldo make ein 200th appearance give ein national team, scoring de only goal of an away win over Iceland, insyd de Euro qualifiers, as he cam be de first player insyd de history of men's international football to make 200 appearances give ein country.<ref>{{cite web |last=Marshall |first=Matthew |date=20 June 2023 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo celebrates his 200th cap in style by firing Portugal to a 1–0 win in Iceland |url=https://portugoal.net/selecao/3274-cristiano-ronaldo-celebrates-his-200th-cap-in-style-by-firing-portugal-to-a-1-0-win-in-iceland |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230621051015/https://portugoal.net/selecao/3274-cristiano-ronaldo-celebrates-his-200th-cap-in-style-by-firing-portugal-to-a-1-0-win-in-iceland |archive-date=21 June 2023 |access-date=20 June 2023 |publisher=PortuGOAL}}</ref> On 16 October, Portugal secure first place insyd dema qualifying group, following a 5–0 away victory over Bosnia and Herzegovina, wey Ronaldo score twice.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 2023 |title=João Neves é o segundo estreante da "era" Roberto Martínez |trans-title=João Neves is the second debutant of the Roberto Martínez "era" |url=https://www.rtp.pt/noticias/selecao-nacional/joao-neves-e-o-segundo-estreante-da-era-roberto-martinez_d1521960 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704022044/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/66069220 |archive-date=4 July 2023 |access-date=16 October 2023 |website= |publisher=RTP |language=pt-pt}}</ref> Plus ein start insyd Portugal ein UEFA Euro 2024 opener against de Czech Republic, Ronaldo cam be de first player to feature insyd six European Championships, having previously be de first player to appear insyd five.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 June 2024 |title=Most EURO final tournaments: Ronaldo breaks new ground |url=https://www.uefa.com/euro2024/news/028e-1b131eaadde2-59e74eb244e8-1000--most-euro-final-tournaments-ronaldo-breaks-new-ground/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240618210229/https://www.uefa.com/euro2024/news/028e-1b131eaadde2-59e74eb244e8-1000--most-euro-final-tournaments-ronaldo-breaks-new-ground/ |archive-date=18 June 2024 |access-date=19 June 2024 |work=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> Later dat year, on 5 September, he score ein 900th career goal insyd a 2–1 victory over Croatia insyd de UEFA Nations League.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2024 |title=Ronaldo reaches 900 career goals – the numbers behind the landmark |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/cvg5j08n694o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910223724/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/cvg5j08n694o |archive-date=10 September 2024 |access-date=6 September 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> On 15 November, Ronaldo break de record of most international victories plus 132, overtaking Sergio Ramos ein record, following a 5–1 victory against Poland insyd de UEFA Nations League, wer he score twice.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 November 2024 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo breaks international record as Portugal star overtakes ex-Real Madrid teammate |url=https://www.sportsmole.co.uk/football/portugal/uefa-nations-league/news/still-rewriting-history-ronaldo-breaks-international-record-in-portugal-win_558229.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260703002459/https://www.sportsmole.co.uk/football/portugal/uefa-nations-league/news/still-rewriting-history-ronaldo-breaks-international-record-in-portugal-win_558229.html |archive-date=3 July 2026 |access-date=7 June 2026}}</ref> On 8 June 2025, Ronaldo win ein second Nations League title, helping Portugal defeat Spain insyd de final, scoring eight goals insyd nine games insyd de tournament.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Veth |first1=Manuel |title=Portugal Beat Spain in Munich to Win 2nd Uefa Nations LeagueTitle |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/manuelveth/2025/06/08/portugal-beat-spain-in-munich-to-win-2nd-uefa-nations-leaguetitle/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250609213742/https://www.forbes.com/sites/manuelveth/2025/06/08/portugal-beat-spain-in-munich-to-win-2nd-uefa-nations-leaguetitle/ |archive-date=9 June 2025 |access-date=17 July 2025 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> [[File:Cristiano_Ronaldo_Croatia_v_Portugal_2_July_2026-087.jpg|left|thumb|Ronaldo during a round of 32 game against Croatia at de 2026 World Cup]] On 14 October, Ronaldo score twice insyd a 2–2 draw against Hungary insyd de 2026 World Cup qualifiers, reaching a record 41 goals insyd World Cup qualifying.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Portugal 2-2 Hungary: Cristiano Ronaldo sets scoring record as Portugal held to draw |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/live/c4g2nmexvmzt |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251014180426/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/live/c4g2nmexvmzt |archive-date=14 October 2025 |access-date=15 October 2025 |website=BBC Sport}}</ref> Na dem send Ronaldo off for elbowing defender [[Dara O'Shea]] insyd de back during Portugal ein 2–0 loss to Ireland insyd de World Cup qualifiers insyd Dublin on 14 November.<ref>Jamie Braidwood, [https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-red-card-world-cup-suspension-b2865172.html 'How many games could Cristiano Ronaldo miss after red card in World Cup qualifying?'] </ref> FIFA issue Ronaldo a three-month ban den one year of probation for ein conduct, buh na dem cancel de ban on 5 December, wey dey ensure ein availability give de World Cup. On 19 May 2026, na dem select Ronaldo insyd de 26-man Portugal squad for de 2026 FIFA World Cup, ein joint-record sixth participation insyd de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/cristiano-ronaldo-roberto-martinez-portugal-squad-announcement|title=Ronaldo set for sixth World Cup as Portugal squad named|work=FIFA|date=19 May 2026|access-date=13 June 2026|language=en|archive-date=3 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260703131331/https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/cristiano-ronaldo-roberto-martinez-portugal-squad-announcement|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=16 June 2026 |title=Lionel Messi becomes 1st man to play at 6 World Cups |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/49013816/lionel-messi-play-6-world-cups-argentina-record-cristiano-ronaldo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260718172746/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/49013816/lionel-messi-play-6-world-cups-argentina-record-cristiano-ronaldo |archive-date=18 July 2026 |access-date=6 July 2026 |publisher=www.espn.com}}</ref> Insyd Portugal ein second group match on 23 June, he score twice insyd a 5–0 victory against Uzbekistan, becoming de first player to score insyd six FIFA World Cup tournaments den taking ein World Cup tally to 10 goals, surpassing Portugal ein previous record of nine goals wey [[Eusébio]] set.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://apnews.com/article/ronaldo-world-cup-score-b511151c5a78afb738e8249c07d30aef|title=Ronaldo becomes first player to score in six World Cups with goal against Uzbekistan|work=AP News|first=Kristie|last=Rieken|date=23 June 2026|access-date=23 June 2026|language=en|archive-date=27 June 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260627222733/https://apnews.com/article/ronaldo-world-cup-score-b511151c5a78afb738e8249c07d30aef|url-status=live}}</ref> On 2 July, he score ein first World Cup knock-out stage goal from a penalty insyd a 2–1 over Croatia insyd de round of 32.<ref>{{cite web |date=2 July 2026 |title=Portugal, Ronaldo survive late scare from Croatia at World Cup |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/49253213/portugal-ronaldo-survive-late-scare-croatia-world-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260703090424/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/49253213/portugal-ronaldo-survive-late-scare-croatia-world-cup |archive-date=3 July 2026 |access-date=3 July 2026 |publisher=www.espn.com}}</ref> Four days later, na dem eliminate Portugal insyd de round of 16 following a 1–0 defeat to Spain, wey [[Mikel Merino]] score de match-winning goal insyd stoppage time.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 July 2026 |title=Last-gasp Merino sends Spain past Portugal |url=https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/portugal-spain-match-report-highlights |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260707013619/https://www.fifa.com/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/canadamexicousa2026/articles/portugal-spain-match-report-highlights |archive-date=7 July 2026 |access-date=6 July 2026 |publisher=www.fifa.com}}</ref><ref name="History results stats">{{cite web |last1=Jenkins |first1=Keith |date=6 July 2026 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo at the World Cup: History, results, stats |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/48956258/cristiano-ronaldo-world-cup-history-results-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260707013221/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/48956258/cristiano-ronaldo-world-cup-history-results-stats |archive-date=7 July 2026 |access-date=6 July 2026 |publisher=www.espn.com}}</ref> Overall, na commentators think Ronaldo ein performance at de 2026 World Cup be ineffective wey e lack impact.<ref>{{Cite news|last=James|first=Stuart|date=7 July 2026|title=Cristiano Ronaldo was indulged at this World Cup and Portugal paid the price|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/7426995/2026/07/06/cristiano-ronaldo-portugal-world-cup-martinez/|access-date=9 July 2026|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Portugal have a Ronaldo problem (again) after draw with Congo DR|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/49098603/portugal-cristiano-ronaldo-problem-congo-dr-roberto-martinez-fifa-world-cup-analysis|access-date=9 July 2026|website=ESPN|archive-date=11 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260711015702/https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/49098603/portugal-cristiano-ronaldo-problem-congo-dr-roberto-martinez-fifa-world-cup-analysis|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lerner |first=Danielle |title=Is Cristiano Ronaldo washed? Portugal sticks by him in face of criticism |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/soccer/worldcup/2026/06/23/cristiano-ronaldo-portugal-world-cup-criticism/90653604007/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260714044611/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/soccer/worldcup/2026/06/23/cristiano-ronaldo-portugal-world-cup-criticism/90653604007/ |archive-date=14 July 2026 |access-date=9 July 2026 |website=USA Today |language=en-US}}</ref> == Player profile == === Style of play === [[File:"Cristiano_Ronaldo"_(5098214382).jpg|thumb|At ein peak, na Ronaldo be known for ein exceptional speed, explosive shooting, flair den athleticism.]] A versatile attacker, Ronaldo be capable of playing on either wing as well as thru de centre of de pitch, den, while ostensibly right-footed, be very strong plus both feet.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |first=Jonathan |last=Wilson |title=Why are so many wingers playing on the 'wrong' wings? |newspaper=The Guardian |date=24 March 2010 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2010/mar/24/the-question-inside-out-wingers |access-date=16 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826015823/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2010/mar/24/the-question-inside-out-wingers |archive-date=26 August 2016}}</ref> Tactically, na Ronaldo undergo several evolutions thru out ein career. While at Sporting den during ein first season at Manchester United, he typically be deployed as a traditional winger on de right side of midfield, wer na he regularly look to deliver crosses into de penalty area. Insyd dis position, na he be able to use ein pace den acceleration, agility den technical skills to take on opponents insyd one-on-one situations. Ronaldo cam be noted for ein dribbling den flair, often displaying an array of tricks den feints,<ref name="Bolt">{{cite web |title=E' Ronaldo il Bolt del calcio |url=http://www.sportmediaset.mediaset.it/calcio/articoli/articolo28668.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924104915/http://www.sportmediaset.mediaset.it/calcio/articoli/articolo28668.shtml |archive-date=24 September 2015 |access-date=14 December 2014 |publisher=Sport mediaset |language=it}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Cristiano Ronaldo – Portogallo |url=http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/SoleOnLine4/dossier/Sport/2008/europei-2008/campioni/portogallo-ronaldo.shtml?uuid=7b8731d6-2da2-11dd-ba2d-00000e251029& |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140428065744/http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/SoleOnLine4/dossier/Sport/2008/europei-2008/campioni/portogallo-ronaldo.shtml?uuid=7b8731d6-2da2-11dd-ba2d-00000e251029& |archive-date=28 April 2014 |access-date=14 December 2014}}</ref> such as de step overs den so-called 'chops' wey cam be ein trademark;<ref name="Grantland">{{cite web |last=Goodman |first=Mike L. |date=22 September 2015 |title=The Evolution of Cristiano Ronaldo |url=http://grantland.com/the-triangle/the-evolution-of-cristiano-ronaldo-real-madrid-manchester-united/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160512095445/http://grantland.com/the-triangle/the-evolution-of-cristiano-ronaldo-real-madrid-manchester-united/ |archive-date=12 May 2016 |access-date=25 April 2016 |work=Grantland}}</ref> he sanso be known to use de flip-flap.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 February 2017 |title=WATCH: Ronaldo's elastico nutmeg! |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11835/10773390/watch-ronaldos-elastico-nutmeg |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614112723/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11835/10773390/watch-ronaldos-elastico-nutmeg |archive-date=14 June 2020 |access-date=8 April 2020 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> Ein strength den jumping ability, combined plus ein elevation, heading accuracy den height of 1.87 m (6 ft 1+1⁄2 in), give am an edge insyd winning aerial duels. Dese attributes allow am to function as a target-man wey make am an aerial goal threat insyd de penalty area; consequently, chaw of ein goals be headers.<ref name="Molinaro">{{cite web |last1=Molinaro |first1=John |title=Ronaldo Vs. Messi: The Case For Ronaldo As World's Best Player |url=https://www.sportsnet.ca/soccer/ronaldo-vs-messi-case-ronaldo-worlds-greatest-player/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627033937/https://www.sportsnet.ca/soccer/ronaldo-vs-messi-case-ronaldo-worlds-greatest-player/ |archive-date=27 June 2018 |access-date=26 June 2018 |publisher=Sportsnet}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Marcotti |first=Gabriele |date=6 July 2016 |title=Ronaldo, Portugal accept manager's challenge to reach Euro 2016 final |url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/blog/the-match/60/post/2896675/cristiano-ronaldo-stars-as-portugal-accept-fernando-santos-challenge-to-reach-the-euro-2016-final |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627005549/http://www.espn.com/soccer/blog/the-match/60/post/2896675/cristiano-ronaldo-stars-as-portugal-accept-fernando-santos-challenge-to-reach-the-euro-2016-final |archive-date=27 June 2018 |access-date=26 June 2018 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/9870500/How-did-Cristiano-Ronaldo-score-his-incredible-header-against-Manchester-United.html |title=How did Cristiano Ronaldo score his incredible header against Manchester United? |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |date=14 February 2013 |access-date=1 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530150630/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/manchester-united/9870500/How-did-Cristiano-Ronaldo-score-his-incredible-header-against-Manchester-United.html |archive-date=30 May 2013}}</ref> Ronaldo dey hold de record for de highest recorded jump insyd football history, measuring {{convert|2.93|m}}, wich he achieve during a match against Manchester United while playing give Real Madrid insyd de round of 16 of de UEFA Champions League insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's highest jumps – when Air CR7 defied gravity |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/cristiano-ronaldo-highest-jumps-football-vertical-leap |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323191542/https://olympics.com/en/news/cristiano-ronaldo-highest-jumps-football-vertical-leap |archive-date=23 March 2023 |access-date=5 October 2024 |website=Olympics.com}}</ref> Allied plus ein increased stamina den work-rate, ein goalscoring ability improve drastically on de left wing wer na dem give am de positional freedom to move into de centre to finish attacks. He sanso increasingly play a creative role give ein team, often dropping deep to pick up de ball, participate insyd de build-up of plays den create chances give ein teammates, courtesy of ein vision den passing ability.<ref name="Bolt"/><ref name="Molinaro" /> Insyd ein final seasons at United, Ronaldo play an even more attacking den central role, functioning both as a striker den as a supporting forward, anaa even as an attacking midfielder on occasion.<ref name="Molinaro"/> He develop into a prolific goalscorer, capable of finishing well both insyd de penalty area den from distance plus an accurate den powerful shot, courtesy of ein striking ability.<ref name="Molinaro" /> An accurate penalty kick taker,<ref>{{cite web |date=7 October 2014 |title=Eden Hazard the new penalty taker king; Julio Cesar the best stopper |url=http://www.espnfc.us/blog/espn-fc-united-blog/68/post/2075094/who-is-the-best-penalty-taker-and-saver-in-europe |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114104846/http://www.espnfc.us/blog/espn-fc-united-blog/68/post/2075094/who-is-the-best-penalty-taker-and-saver-in-europe |archive-date=14 November 2016 |access-date=18 July 2016 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref> he sanso cam be a set piece specialist, renowned for ein powerful, bending free kicks.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=From Messi to Ronaldo – the world's best free kick takers |url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/telebest/sport/from-messi-to-ronaldo--the-worlds--best-freekick-takers-14784405.html |work=The Belfast Telegraph |access-date=4 November 2012}}</ref> Wen taking free kicks, Ronaldo be known for using de ''knuckleball'' technique, wich na [[Juninho Pernambucano]] develop.<ref>{{cite web |last=Anka |first=Carl |date=12 December 2018 |title=Noughty Boys: No one hit a free-kick quite like Juninho Pernambucano |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcthree/article/7ff3d21d-6ff3-480b-b22c-3b198bad381f |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181212134537/https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcthree/article/7ff3d21d-6ff3-480b-b22c-3b198bad381f |archive-date=12 December 2018 |access-date=13 December 2018 |work=BBC}}</ref> He sanso dey adopt a trademark stance before striking de ball, wich dey involve am standing plus ein legs far apart.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Scott |first1=Chris |date=16 June 2018 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Portuguese commentator goes wild over CR7 |url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/16/football/cristiano-ronaldo-world-cup-portugual-commentary-intl-spt/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215224614/https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/16/football/cristiano-ronaldo-world-cup-portugual-commentary-intl-spt/index.html |archive-date=15 December 2018 |access-date=13 December 2018 |work=CNN}}</ref> Regarding Ronaldo ein unique style of taking free kicks, former United assistant manager [[Mike Phelan]] comment: "''People used to put the ball down, walk away, run up and hit it. He brought in a more dynamic showmanship. He places the ball down, the concentration level is high, he takes his certain amount of steps back so that his standing foot is in the perfect place to hit the ball in the sweet spot. He is the ultimate showman. He has that slight arrogance. When he pulls those shorts up and shows his thighs, he is saying 'All eyes on me' and this is going in. He understands the marketing side of it. The way he struts up and places it; the world is watching him.''"<ref>{{cite web |last=Sharma |first=Sarthak |date=4 November 2018 |title=Former Manchester United coach reveals why Cristiano Ronaldo takes free-kicks in his iconic style |url=https://www.foxsportsasia.com/football/serie-a/967412/former-manchester-united-coach-reveals-cristiano-ronaldo-iconic-free-kick-stance/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215225822/https://www.foxsportsasia.com/football/serie-a/967412/former-manchester-united-coach-reveals-cristiano-ronaldo-iconic-free-kick-stance/ |archive-date=15 December 2018 |access-date=13 December 2018 |work=FOX Sports Asia}}</ref> [[File:New_Zealand-Portugal_(13).jpg|left|thumb|220x220px|As Ronaldo enter ein thirties he dribble less frequently,<ref name="evolves" /> instead transitioning into a "deadly poacher".]] At Real Madrid, Ronaldo continue to play a more offensive role, while ein creative den defensive duties cam be more limited, although no entirely be diminished.<ref name="Centrally" /> Initially be deployed as a centre forward by managers Manuel Pellegrini den José Mourinho, na dem later move am back onto de left wing, though insyd a free tactical role; dis position allow am to drift into de centre at will to get onto de end of crosses den score, anaa draw out defenders plus ein movement off de ball den dey leave space for teammates to exploit.<ref name="Centrally" /><ref name="Rise" /><ref>{{cite web |date=21 October 2014 |title=How Liverpool can stop Cristiano Ronaldo |url=http://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/how-liverpool-can-stop-cristiano-ronaldo |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214183045/http://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/how-liverpool-can-stop-cristiano-ronaldo |archive-date=14 December 2014 |access-date=14 December 2014 |work=FourFourTwo}}</ref> Madrid ein counter-attacking style of play sanso allow am to be cam a more efficient den consistent player, as evidenced by ein record-breaking goalscoring feats. While he mainly draw praise insyd de media for ein prolific goalscoring, Ronaldo sanso demonstrate ein ability as an effective creator insyd dis role.<ref>{{cite web |title=Real Madrid's Cristiano Ronaldo: The Most Underrated Man in Football? |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/978123-real-madrids-cristiano-ronaldo-the-most-underrated-man-in-football |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180409043039/http://bleacherreport.com/articles/978123-real-madrids-cristiano-ronaldo-the-most-underrated-man-in-football |archive-date=9 April 2018 |access-date=8 April 2018 |work=Bleacher Report}}</ref><ref name="flourish">{{cite web |title=Did Jose Mourinho's Tactics Help Cristiano Ronaldo Flourish at Real Madrid? |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1676581-did-jose-mourinhos-tactics-help-cristiano-ronaldo-flourish-at-real-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150619210739/http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1676581-did-jose-mourinhos-tactics-help-cristiano-ronaldo-flourish-at-real-madrid |archive-date=19 June 2015 |access-date=14 December 2014 |website=[[Bleacher Report]]}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/real-madrid-v-liverpool-the-five-phases-of-cristiano-ronaldo-gxhqs8htq |title=Real Madrid v Liverpool: The five phases of Cristiano Ronaldo |newspaper=[[The Times]] |first1=Gabriele |last1=Marcotti |date=25 May 2018 |access-date=28 June 2018}}</ref> Dis unique role be described by pundits as dat of a "false", "attacking", anaa "goalscoring winger", as Ronaldo effectively almost function as a striker at times plus ein central runs into de penalty area, despite actually playing on de left flank.<ref name="Rise">{{cite web |last=Driscoll |first=Jon |date=2 August 2018 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's rise at Real Madrid |url=https://www.football-italia.net/125639/cristiano-ronaldos-rise-real-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910110637/https://football-italia.net/125639/cristiano-ronaldos-rise-real-madrid |archive-date=10 September 2021 |access-date=18 April 2020 |work=Football Italia}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Dunne |first1=Robbie |date=14 March 2018 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo evolving into an effective striker for Real Madrid |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/club/real-madrid/86/blog/post/3418861/cristiano-ronaldo-evolving-into-an-effective-striker-for-real-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210825222345/https://www.espn.com/soccer/club/real-madrid/86/blog/post/3418861/cristiano-ronaldo-evolving-into-an-effective-striker-for-real-madrid |archive-date=25 August 2021 |access-date=18 April 2020 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref> From 2013 dey go, under manager [[Carlo Ancelotti]], he effectively adapt ein style to de physical effects of ageing plus increasingly reduced off-the-ball movement den general involvement, completing fewer dribbles den passes per game, den instead dey focus on short-distance creating den goalscoring.<ref name="Centrally">{{cite web |last=Rigg |first=Nicholas |date=25 September 2014 |title=The argument for playing Cristiano Ronaldo centrally at Real Madrid |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/club/name/86/blog/post/2055111/headline |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170805151805/http://www.espn.co.uk/football/club/name/86/blog/post/2055111/headline |archive-date=5 August 2017 |access-date=14 December 2014 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref><ref name="evolves">{{#invoke:cite|news |last1=Bate |first1=Adam |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's evolution: Could he really play beyond the age of 40? |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/10657507/cristiano-ronaldo8217s-evolution-could-he-really-play-beyond-the-age-of-40 |date=15 November 2016 |access-date=1 October 2018 |work=Sky Sports |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001142304/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/10657507/cristiano-ronaldo8217s-evolution-could-he-really-play-beyond-the-age-of-40 |archive-date=1 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Hunter |first1=Graham |date=23 October 2014 |title=Real Madrid vs. Barcelona: Clasico promises goals aplenty |url=http://m.espn.com/soccer/blogs/blogpost?w=1invg&i=TOP&id=2105117&topslot=1&wjb= |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106194154/http://m.espn.com/soccer/blogs/blogpost?w=1invg&i=TOP&id=2105117&topslot=1&wjb= |archive-date=6 January 2019 |access-date=28 June 2018 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref> Since 2017, Ronaldo adapt ein style of play yet again to be cam more of a free-roaming centre forward under manager [[Zinedine Zidane]], a role insyd wich he continue to excel den maintain a prolific goalscoring record; insyd dis position, he earn praise insyd de media for ein intelligent movement both on den off de ball, positional sense, link-up play den finishing, as well as ein ability to lose anaa anticipate ein markers, find space insyd de box den score from few touches anaa opportunities.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Haugstad |first1=Thore |date=13 February 2018 |title=Why Cristiano Ronaldo has been Real Madrid's major problem this season... but he can also be their solution |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/why-cristiano-ronaldo-has-been-real-madrids-major-problem-season-he-can-also-be-their |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627005805/https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/why-cristiano-ronaldo-has-been-real-madrids-major-problem-season-he-can-also-be-their |archive-date=27 June 2018 |access-date=26 June 2018 |publisher=FourFourTwo}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=20 April 2017 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo can become great centre-forward, says Gary Neville |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/29326/10842815/cristiano-ronaldo-can-become-great-centre-forward-says-gary-neville |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180529054101/http://www.skysports.com/football/news/29326/10842815/cristiano-ronaldo-can-become-great-centre-forward-says-gary-neville |archive-date=29 May 2018 |access-date=28 May 2018 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2017/05/10/cristiano-ronaldo-joins-illustrious-list-players-reinvented/ |title=Cristiano Ronaldo joins illustrious list of players who reinvented themselves in a new position |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=10 May 2017 |access-date=28 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180529064430/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2017/05/10/cristiano-ronaldo-joins-illustrious-list-players-reinvented/|archive-date=29 May 2018}}</ref> Insyd ein first season at Juventus, Ronaldo continue to play insyd a variety of different attacking roles under manager [[Massimiliano Allegri]], depending on whom na he partner plus. While he occupy an increasingly offensive role insyd ein final years at Real Madrid, at times he function insyd a free role at Juventus, either as a lone striker anaa insyd ein trademark role on de left wing, insyd a 4–2–3–1 anaa 4–3–3 formation, insyd wich he often switch positions plus [[Mario Mandžukić]]. Insyd dis role, na he sanso be given licence to drop deep anaa even out wide onto de right flank to receive de ball, den be more involved insyd de build-up of plays; as such, aside from scoring goals einself, he begin to take on opponents den create chances give oda players plus greater frequency dan he get insyd ein final seasons plus Real Madrid. Off de ball, he sanso be capable of creating space give teammates plus ein movement den attacking runs into de box, anaa finishing off chances plus ein head anaa feet by getting onto de end of ein teammates dema crosses.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Cox |first1=Michael |date=19 February 2019 |title=Juventus' twin towers of Ronaldo, Mandzukic to provide a unique test for Atletico's stingy defence |url=http://www.espn.com/soccer/blog/espn-fc-united/68/post/3779061/juventus-twin-towers-of-ronaldomandzukic-to-provide-a-unique-test-for-atleticos-stingy-defence |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190322062355/http://www.espn.com/soccer/blog/espn-fc-united/68/post/3779061/juventus-twin-towers-of-ronaldomandzukic-to-provide-a-unique-test-for-atleticos-stingy-defence |archive-date=22 March 2019 |access-date=30 April 2019 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref><ref name="FreeRole">{{cite web |last1=Robson |first1=Stewart |date=5 October 2019 |title=Ronaldo's free role with Juventus is a headache for Sarri. How can he work around his star? |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/italian-serie-a/story/3958370/ronaldos-free-role-with-juventus-is-a-headache-for-sarri-how-can-he-work-around-his-star |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191006201457/https://www.espn.com/soccer/italian-serie-a/story/3958370/ronaldos-free-role-with-juventus-is-a-headache-for-sarri-how-can-he-work-around-his-star |archive-date=6 October 2019 |access-date=12 October 2019 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref> On occasion he sanso play insyd an attacking partnership alongside Mandžukić insyd a 4–3–1–2, 4–4–2, anaa 3–5–2 formation.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Marcotti |first1=Gabriele |date=22 August 2018 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo conundrum: How should Max Allegri use Juventus' star? |url=http://www.espn.com.au/football/blog/marcottis-musings/62/post/3606914/cristiano-ronaldo-conundrum-how-should-max-allegri-use-juventus-star |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430202935/http://www.espn.com.au/football/blog/marcottis-musings/62/post/3606914/cristiano-ronaldo-conundrum-how-should-max-allegri-use-juventus-star |archive-date=30 April 2019 |access-date=30 April 2019 |publisher=ESPN FC}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=McKay |first1=Gaby |date=3 October 2018 |title=Dybala gives Allegri a headache |url=https://www.football-italia.net/128820/dybala-gives-allegri-headache |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430202935/https://www.football-italia.net/128820/dybala-gives-allegri-headache |archive-date=30 April 2019 |access-date=30 April 2019 |publisher=Football Italia}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Walker-Roberts |first1=James |date=6 December 2018 |title=Is Cristiano Ronaldo undergoing another evolution at Juventus? |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/12961/11572135/is-cristiano-ronaldo-undergoing-another-evolution-at-juventus |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501023629/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/12961/11572135/is-cristiano-ronaldo-undergoing-another-evolution-at-juventus |archive-date=1 May 2019 |access-date=30 April 2019 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> He continue to play a similar role insyd ein second season plus ee club under manager [[Maurizio Sarri]].<ref name="FreeRole" /> === Reception den image === [[File:Portugal_fans_before_Brazil_&_Portugal_match_at_World_Cup_2010-06-25_4.jpg|left|thumb|A Portugal fan at de 2010 FIFA World Cup insyd South Africa wey dey hold a banner dedicated to Ronaldo]] Ronaldo widely be regarded as one of de two best players of ein generation, alongside Argentina forward [[Lionel Messi]].<ref name="Messi">Various sources: </ref> Ronaldo win ein first Ballon d'Or insyd 2008 by a record-high vote count at age 23, den over de following decade he often feature insyd debates about who be de greatest player insyd history.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news|title=Ronaldo, Messi, Pele: The GOAT debate is unending, and shouldn't matter |last=Kilpeläinen |first=Juuso |work=[[Football Paradise]] |access-date=15 December 2020 |date=2 September 2018 |url=https://www.footballparadise.com/greatest-debate-silly-ronaldo-messi-pele/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902185408/https://www.footballparadise.com/greatest-debate-silly-ronaldo-messi-pele/ |archive-date=2 September 2018}}</ref> He be acclaimed for ein prolific den consistent goal-scoring,<ref>{{cite web |last=Ruthven |first=Graham |date=7 June 2017 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo is the greatest goalscorer of all time |url=http://www.marca.com/en/football/real-madrid/2017/06/07/5937e189468aeb72498b45a2.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122072052/http://www.marca.com/en/football/real-madrid/2017/06/07/5937e189468aeb72498b45a2.html |archive-date=22 January 2018 |access-date=21 January 2018 |magazine=Marca}}</ref> especially insyd important den high-pressure situations.<ref name="pressure">Various sources: </ref> Insyd a 2018 article for ''Bleacher Report'', former NBA star [[Steve Nash]] compare Ronaldo ein greatness to dat of [[Michael Jordan]]. Insyd de same article, Ronaldo place first insyd a ranking of de 50 most influential people insyd sports culture insyd 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=NASH |first=STEVE |title=Steve Nash: Why Cristiano Ronaldo Is the Michael Jordan of World Football |url=https://mag.bleacherreport.com/cristiano-ronaldo-steve-nash-power-50-cover-2018/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724213025/http://mag.bleacherreport.com/cristiano-ronaldo-steve-nash-power-50-cover-2018/ |archive-date=24 July 2018 |access-date=14 February 2025 |website=Bleacher Report}}</ref> Ronaldo be noted for ein work ethic, elite body conditioning den dedication to improvement on de training pitch, as well as he be regarded as a natural leader.<ref>{{cite web |last=Mitten |first=Andy |date=5 March 2013 |title=How Ronaldo became the world's best: the inside story |url=https://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/how-ronaldo-became-the-worlds-best-the-inside-story_sto4716516/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208193636/http://www.eurosport.co.uk/football/how-ronaldo-became-the-worlds-best-the-inside-story_sto4716516/story.shtml |archive-date=8 December 2017 |access-date=26 November 2022 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=11 July 2016 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Is Euro 2016 triumph his greatest achievement? |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2016/07/11/football/cristiano-ronaldo-euro-2016/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180328165731/https://edition.cnn.com/2016/07/11/football/cristiano-ronaldo-euro-2016/index.html |archive-date=28 March 2018 |access-date=28 March 2018 |work=CNN}}</ref> On ein longevity den "extraordinary commitment to physical preparation", Adam Bate of [[Sky Sports]] say: "Dedication be a huge part of staying at de top den Ronaldo ein focus perhaps be unparalleled within de game."<ref name="evolves">{{#invoke:cite|news |last1=Bate |first1=Adam |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's evolution: Could he really play beyond the age of 40? |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/10657507/cristiano-ronaldo8217s-evolution-could-he-really-play-beyond-the-age-of-40 |date=15 November 2016 |access-date=1 October 2018 |work=Sky Sports |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001142304/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/10657507/cristiano-ronaldo8217s-evolution-could-he-really-play-beyond-the-age-of-40 |archive-date=1 October 2018}}</ref> Former Brazil player [[Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer)|Ronaldo]] praise Cristiano ein approach to training, dey argue say "der be so few players who take care of dema body like he dey do. I train secof I had to, he dey do am secof he dey love am."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Ronaldo: I trained because I had to, Cristiano Ronaldo does it because he loves it|url=https://www.marca.com/en/football/international-football/2018/12/07/5c0aa36dca4741fc368b458b.html |access-date=12 May 2021 |magazine=Marca|date=7 December 2018 }}</ref> Ein drive den determination to succeed be fuelled by a desire to be talked about alongside oda greats such as [[Pelé]] den [[Diego Maradona]] once retiring.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cristiano Ronaldo says he has no idea how much money he has |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/cristiano-ronaldo-says-no-idea-3620117 |access-date=8 August 2026 |website=Mirror}}</ref> He be credited, along plus coach [[José Mourinho]], plus helping to change de fortunes of Portuguese football insyd de 2010s den 2020s.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=How Portugal became a European super power in football |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2021/jun/09/benficas-luis-araujo-with-only-one-ball-we-have-to-put-on-a-good-session |date=9 June 2021 |work=The Guardian |last=Brassell |first=Andy |access-date=17 June 2021}}</ref> At times, he be criticised for simulating wen dem tackle.<ref name="simulating">Various sources: </ref> He sanso occasionally be criticised early insyd ein career by manager Alex Ferguson, teammates den de media for he be a selfish anaa overly flamboyant player.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/rio-ferdinand-claims-cristiano-ronaldo-4267114 |title=Rio Ferdinand claims Cristiano Ronaldo was once blasted by Sir Alex Ferguson for playing selfishly |work=Daily Mirror |location=London |first=Jim |last=Daly |date=16 September 2014 |access-date=14 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219083945/http://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/rio-ferdinand-claims-cristiano-ronaldo-4267114 |archive-date= 19 December 2014}}</ref> [[Jonathan Wilson (writer)|Jonathan Wilson]] of ''The Guardian'' opine say na Ronaldo make Juventus, wey he join aged 33 insyd 2018, weaker, secof "ein relative immobility" insyd ein mid-30s, even if ein personal goal-scoring output remain high.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wilson |first=Jonathan |author-link=Jonathan Wilson (writer) |date=28 August 2021 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo held Juventus back: just what do Manchester United see in him? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2021/aug/28/cristiano-ronaldo-held-juventus-back-just-what-is-that-manchester-united-see-in-him |access-date=29 August 2021 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> During ein career, Ronaldo sanso be described as having an "arrogant image" on de pitch,<ref name="FPMH">{{cite web |last=Kilpeläinen |first=Juuso |date=8 June 2018 |title=Blood, sweat and toil: The foundations for the legacy of Cristiano Ronaldo |url=https://www.footballparadise.com/blood-sweat-foundation-legacy-cristiano-ronaldo/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141107/https://www.footballparadise.com/blood-sweat-foundation-legacy-cristiano-ronaldo/ |archive-date=12 June 2018 |access-date=15 December 2020 |work=[[Football Paradise]]}}</ref> wey Ronaldo dey state say he cam be a "victim" secof how he be portrayed insyd de media.<ref name="personality">{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2012/11/08/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-interview/index.html |title=Ronaldo admits perceived arrogance has cost him |work=CNN |date=8 November 2012 |access-date=23 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121122071522/http://edition.cnn.com/2012/11/08/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-interview/index.html |archive-date=22 November 2012}}</ref> He often be seen moaning, gesticulating den scowling while trying to inspire ein team to victory,<ref name="FPMH" /> wey Ronaldo dey insist say ein competitive nature for no be mistaken for arrogance.<ref name="personality" /> Ein managers, teammates den various journalists say ein dis reputation cause an unfair image of am.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2013 |title=Jose Mourinho claims Cristiano Ronaldo deserved to win Ballon d'Or |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/news/story/_/id/1381618/jose-mourinho-claims-cristiano-ronaldo-deserved-to-win-ballon-d%27or |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619171143/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/news/story/_/id/1381618/jose-mourinho-claims-cristiano-ronaldo-deserved-to-win-ballon-d%27or |archive-date=19 June 2022 |access-date=19 June 2022 |work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.marca.com/2013/09/10/en/football/real_madrid/1378834274.html |title=Pepe: 'Cristiano is a symbol' |date=10 September 2013 |newspaper=Marca|location=Spain |access-date=10 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130913013826/http://www.marca.com/2013/09/10/en/football/real_madrid/1378834274.html |archive-date=13 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Balague |first=Guillem |author-link=Guillem Balague |url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/12087/9115007/ballon-dor-cristiano-ronaldos-improved-image-helped-win-says-guillem-balague |title=Ballon d'Or: Cristiano Ronaldo's improved image helped win, says Guillem Balague |publisher=Sky Sports |date=14 January 2014 |access-date=19 June 2022}}</ref> === Goal celebrations === [[File:Cristiano_Ronaldo_0876.jpg|thumb|Ronaldo ein "Siu" celebration]] Ronaldo adopt several goal celebrations thru out ein career, wey dey include one particular celebration wich gain widespread coverage insyd de media, wen he squat den stare directly into a camera on de sidelines of de pitch plus ein hand on ein chin.<ref name="FIFA18">{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Russell |first=Bradley |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/how-do-12-new-fifa-18-celebrations-plus-more-our-favourites |title=How to do the 12 new FIFA 18 celebrations – plus more of our favourites |date=6 October 2017 |access-date=26 November 2022 |work=FourFourTwo}}</ref><ref name="GoalCel">{{cite web |last=Matchett |first=Karl |date=3 May 2017 |title=Chronology of Cristiano Ronaldo Told Through His Goal Celebrations |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2706975-chronology-of-cristiano-ronaldo-told-through-his-goal-celebrations |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215223301/https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2706975-chronology-of-cristiano-ronaldo-told-through-his-goal-celebrations |archive-date=15 December 2018 |access-date=13 December 2018 |work=Bleacher Report}}</ref><ref name="NewGoalCel" /> After scoring a goal, he usually dey celebrate plus a "storming jump" den "turn", before "landing insyd spread-eagled fashion"<ref name="GoalCel" /> into ein "signature power stance",<ref name="NewGoalCel">{{cite web |last=Murray |first=Caitlin |date=9 December 2016 |title=Everyone mocks Cristiano Ronaldo's new goal celebration, including his own son |url=https://www.foxsports.com/soccer/story/everyone-mocks-cristiano-ronaldos-new-goal-celebration-including-his-own-son-112016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215223301/https://www.foxsports.com/soccer/story/everyone-mocks-cristiano-ronaldos-new-goal-celebration-including-his-own-son-112016 |archive-date=15 December 2018 |access-date=13 December 2018 |work=Fox Sports}}</ref> while usually simultaneously dey exclaim "Sí" (Spanish den Italian give "yh").<ref name="FIFA18" /><ref>{{cite web |last=Lloyd |first=Simon |date=March 2018 |title=What does Cristiano Ronaldo's goal celebration mean? |url=https://www.joe.co.uk/sport/cristiano-ronaldo-celebration-166745 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215231528/https://www.joe.co.uk/sport/cristiano-ronaldo-celebration-166745 |archive-date=15 December 2018 |access-date=13 December 2018 |publisher=joe.co.uk}}</ref> Dis trademark celebration be dubbed de "Siu" anaa "siuuu" insyd de media.<ref name="FIFA18" /><ref name="GoalCel" /><ref>{{cite web |last=Wright |first=Chris |date=27 September 2017 |title=Little fan absolutely nails Cristiano Ronaldo goal celebration |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/blog/the-toe-poke/65/post/3214519/little-fan-absolutely-nails-cristiano-ronaldo-goal-celebration |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220619171150/https://www.espn.co.uk/football/blog/the-toe-poke/65/post/3214519/little-fan-absolutely-nails-cristiano-ronaldo-goal-celebration |archive-date=19 June 2022 |access-date=19 June 2022 |work=ESPN}}</ref> Ronaldo first perform de "Siu" celebration on 7 August 2013, during de 2013 International Champions Cup Final between Real Madrid den Chelsea.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 August 2023 |title=Siuuuu! Cristiano Ronaldo's most iconic celebration turns a decade old |url=https://www.marca.com/en/football/2023/08/09/64d398b022601df71c8b458b.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204083709/https://www.marca.com/en/football/2023/08/09/64d398b022601df71c8b458b.html |archive-date=4 February 2024 |access-date=4 February 2024 |website=MARCA}}</ref> During an interview after de match, Ronaldo explain he score de goal wey "e just feel natural" den he "no know wer e cam from".<ref>{{Cite web |author1=Conor Pope |date=19 January 2022 |title=What is Cristiano Ronaldo's "Siuuuu" celebration about? |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/what-is-cristiano-ronaldos-siuuuu-celebration-about |access-date=4 February 2024 |website=FourFourTwo}}</ref> De phrase "Siu" be derived from Portuguese ''sim'', wey dey mean "yes". Dis be confirmed by Ronaldo insyd an interview insyd 2023, almost a decade since he first perform am. Ronaldo explain say de phrase "Siuuu" simply dey mean yh, buh "dey mean am very strongly".<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Dabbs |first1=Ryan |date=13 June 2023 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo finally explains the meaning behind his iconic 'Siu' goal celebration |url=https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/cristiano-ronaldo-finally-explains-meaning-154715840.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204092447/https://www.yahoo.com/web/20240204092447/https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/cristiano-ronaldo-finally-explains-meaning-154715840.html |archive-date=4 February 2024 |access-date=4 February 2024 |website=Yahoo Life |agency=FourFourTwo}}</ref> === Rivalry plus Lionel Messi === [[File:Cristiano_Ronaldo_and_Lionel_Messi_-_Portugal_vs_Argentina,_9th_February_2011.jpg|thumb|Ronaldo plus [[Lionel Messi]] before an international friendly between Portugal den Argentina insyd 2011]] Both Ronaldo den Lionel Messi score insyd multiple UEFA Champions League finals, regularly break te 50-goal barrier insyd a single season, wey dem be de two leading goal scorers insyd history. Sports journalists den pundits regularly weigh de individual merits of both players in an attempt to argue who dem dey believe be de best player insyd modern football anaa insyd de history of de game.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Mendes |first=Chris |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/players/cristiano-ronaldo/10923614/World-Cup-2014-Cristiano-Ronaldos-personal-duel-with-Lionel-Messi-is-affecting-his-performances-for-Portugal.html |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's personal duel with Lionel Messi is affecting his performances for Portugal |date=24 June 2014 |access-date=30 September 2014 |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007135938/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/players/cristiano-ronaldo/10923614/World-Cup-2014-Cristiano-Ronaldos-personal-duel-with-Lionel-Messi-is-affecting-his-performances-for-Portugal.html |archive-date=7 October 2014}}</ref> Na e be compared to several sports rivalries, among dem de [[Muhammad Ali]]–[[Joe Frazier]] rivalry insyd boxing, de [[Borg–McEnroe rivalry]] insyd tennis den de [[Senna–Prost rivalry]] from Formula One motor racing.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Hunter |first=Graham |url=http://espn.go.com/sports/soccer/news/_/id/5842703/el-clasico-all-ronaldo-vs-messi |title=The game's best rivalry |date=28 November 2010 |access-date=30 September 2014 |publisher=ESPN |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006150207/http://espn.go.com/sports/soccer/news/_/id/5842703/el-clasico-all-ronaldo-vs-messi |archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=17 October 2011 |title=Messi v Ronaldo |url=http://www.skysports.com/news/21227/7235124/messi-v-ronaldo |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006105413/http://www.skysports.com/news/21227/7235124/messi-v-ronaldo |archive-date=6 October 2014 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref> Sam commentators choose to analyse de differing physiques den playing styles of de two.<ref name="hughes2011">{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Hughes |first=Rob |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/14/sports/soccer/14iht-soccer14.html |title=Ronaldo May Look Like the Best, but There Is Someone Better |date=13 September 2011 |access-date=30 September 2014 |work=The New York Times |url-access=limited |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701061906/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/14/sports/soccer/14iht-soccer14.html |archive-date=1 July 2015}}</ref> Part of de debate dey revolve around de contrasting personalities of de two players, as Ronaldo sometimes be depicted as an arrogant den theatrical showoff, while Messi be portrayed as a shy, humble character.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Hayward |first=Paul |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2009/may/26/cristiano-ronaldo-lionel-messi-champions-league |title=Cristiano Ronaldo versus Lionel Messi pits showman against shy man |date=26 May 2009 |access-date=30 September 2014 |work=The Guardian |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141009050509/http://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2009/may/26/cristiano-ronaldo-lionel-messi-champions-league |archive-date=9 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Lewis |first=Tim |url=https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2013/nov/24/cristiano-ronaldo-real-madrid-portugal-football |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: he's got a god-given talent – and he knows it |date=24 November 2013 |access-date=30 September 2014 |work=The Guardian |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006163656/http://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2013/nov/24/cristiano-ronaldo-real-madrid-portugal-football |archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Calvin |first=Michael |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/the-last-word-crunch-time-for-lionel-messi-and-cristiano-ronaldo-9537924.html |title=Crunch time for Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo |date=15 June 2014 |access-date=30 September 2014 |work=The Independent |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006094101/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/the-last-word-crunch-time-for-lionel-messi-and-cristiano-ronaldo-9537924.html |archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref> Insyd a 2012 interview, Ronaldo comment on de rivalry, dey talk say: "I think we dey push each oda sometimes insyd de competition, dis be why se competition be so high."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last1=Montague |first1=James |last2=Pinto |first2=Pedro |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2012/05/17/sport/football/football-champions-league-ronaldo-interview/ |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: I'm better than Messi |date=29 May 2012 |access-date=30 September 2014 |work=CNN |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125456/http://edition.cnn.com/2012/05/17/sport/football/football-champions-league-ronaldo-interview/ |archive-date=6 October 2014}}</ref><ref name="Marca 20142">[http://www.marca.com/2014/08/28/en/football/real_madrid/1409211779.html "Messi and I are colleagues, work friends"]. </ref> [[Alex Ferguson]], Ronaldo ein manager during ein time at Manchester United, opine: "I no dey think de rivalry against each oda dey bother dem. I think dem get dema own personal pride in terms of wanting to be de best."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Palmer |first=Kevin |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/news/story/_/id/1271003/alex-ferguson:-cristiano-ronaldo-and-lionel-messi-both-the-best |title=Fergie: Ronaldo and Messi are equals |date=20 December 2012 |access-date=19 June 2022 |work=ESPN}}</ref> Messi einself deny any rivalry, dey talk say na e be "only de media, de press, wey wan us to be at loggerheads buh I never fight plus Cristiano."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/9478241/Barcelonas-Lionel-Messi-blames-media-for-inventing-rivalry-with-Real-Madrids-Cristiano-Ronaldo.html |title=Barcelona's Lionel Messi blames media for inventing rivalry with Real Madrid's Cristiano Ronaldo |date=15 August 2012 |access-date=30 September 2014 |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007221041/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/9478241/Barcelonas-Lionel-Messi-blames-media-for-inventing-rivalry-with-Real-Madrids-Cristiano-Ronaldo.html |archive-date=7 October 2014}}</ref> Responding to de claims say he den Messi no dey get on well on a personal level, Ronaldo comment: "We no get a relationship outsyd de world of football, just as we no get plus a lot of oda players." Ronaldo add say insyd years to cam he dey hope say dem fi laugh about am togeda, dey state: "We for look on dis rivalry plus a positive spirit, secof e be a good thing."<ref name="Marca 20142" /> Representing archrivals Barcelona den Real Madrid, de two players face each oda at least twice every season insyd de world ein biggest club game, ''El Clásico'', wich be among de world ein most viewed annual sporting events.<ref>[https://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2014/05/16/lionel-messi-agrees-to-new-50-million-a-year-deal-with-barcelona/ "Lionel Messi Reaches $50 Million-A-Year Deal With Barcelona"]. </ref> Insyd a debate at Oxford Union insyd October 2013, wen dem biz am whether FIFA presido [[Sepp Blatter]] prefer Messi anaa Ronaldo, Blatter pay tribute to de work ethic of de Argentine before taking a swipe at Ronaldo, dey claim "one of dem get more expenses give de hairdresser dan de oda." Real Madrid demand den promptly receive a full apology. In response to Blatter ein "commander" on de pitch comment, Ronaldo issue ein own riposte plus a mock-salute celebration after scoring a penalty against Sevilla.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/24730976 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Sepp Blatter's apology to Real Madrid |work=BBC Sport |date=29 October 2013 |access-date=6 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125161507/http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/24730976 |archive-date=25 January 2016}}</ref> Insyd August 2019, na dem interview Ronaldo den Messi while dem sit next to each oda prior to de announcement of de UEFA Men's Player of de Year, wey Ronaldo state: "I push am wey he push me as well. So e be good to be part of de history of football."<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo, Lionel Messi & Eric Cantona light up Uefa awards |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/49516474 |access-date=30 August 2019 |work=BBC|date=29 August 2019 }}</ref> Insyd September 2023, Ronaldo declare say na ein rivalry plus Messi be over den "gone", after 36 official fixtures den 15 years of "sharing de stage".<ref>{{cite web |date=7 September 2023 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Lionel Messi rivalry now 'gone' says Portuguese great |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/66738794 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> == Insyd popular culture == === Popularity den online following === Na dem name Ronaldo insyd de 2014 ''Time'' 100, ''Time'' ein annnual list of de most influential people insyd de world.<ref>{{cite magazine|last1=Pelé|url=http://time.com/70818/cristiano-ronaldo-2014-time-100/|title=Cristiano Ronaldo by Pelé: Time 100|magazine=Time|date=23 April 2014|access-date=3 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140602235206/http://time.com/70818/cristiano-ronaldo-2014-time-100/|archive-date=2 June 2014}}</ref> ESPN name am de world ein most famous athlete insyd 2016, 2017, 2018 den 2019.Demand for a replica Ronaldo shirt be high thru out ein career. Insyd 2008, Ronaldo ein number 7 Manchester United shirt be de best-selling Premier League sports product.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2011/jul/22/wayne-rooney-manchester-united |location=London |work=The Guardian |title=Manchester United's Wayne Rooney is king of the replica kit |date=22 July 2011 |access-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630161615/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2011/jul/22/wayne-rooney-manchester-united |archive-date=30 June 2018}}</ref> Insyd 2015, Ronaldo ein number 7 Real Madrid shirt be de second best-selling worldwide, after Messi ein number 10 Barcelona shirt.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Leo Messi's Barcelona Shirt Is the Most Sold Worldwide, Cristiano Ronaldo 2nd |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2609501-leo-messis-barcelona-shirt-is-the-most-sold-worldwide-cristiano-ronaldo-2nd |access-date=4 January 2019 |work=Bleacher Report}}</ref> Insyd 2018, within 24 hours of ein number 7 Juventus shirt be released, over 520,000 be sold, plus $62.4&nbsp;million generated insyd one day.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Juventus Have Sold $60 Million Of Ronaldo Jerseys In 24 Hours |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2018/07/20/juventus-have-sold-60-million-of-ronaldo-jerseys-in-24-hours-infographic/ |last1=McCarthy |first1=Niall |access-date=13 October 2018 |work=Forbes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013213627/https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2018/07/20/juventus-have-sold-60-million-of-ronaldo-jerseys-in-24-hours-infographic/ |archive-date=13 October 2018}}</ref> [[File:SK_20170808_214655_(36289315022).jpg|thumb|Fans of Real Madrid (left; Ronaldo ein then current club) den Manchester United (right; Ronaldo ein then former club) wearing Ronaldo ein 7 shirt at de 2017 UEFA Super Cup]] Ronaldo establish a strong online presence. De most popular sportsperson on social media, he count over 500&nbsp;million total followers across Facebook, Twitter den Instagram by February 2021, wey dey make am de first person to pass half a billion followers.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Ronaldo Is The First Person To Pass Half A Billion Followers On Social Media |url=https://www.sportbible.com/football/football-news-legends-take-a-bow-cristiano-ronaldo-is-the-first-person-to-have-500-million-followers-20210212 |access-date=13 February 2021 |work=SportBible}}</ref> De most-followed person on Facebook (171&nbsp;million), most-followed on Instagram (650&nbsp;million) den most-followed sportsperson on Twitter (115&nbsp;million), ein sponsors earn $936&nbsp;million insyd media value across ein accounts between June 2016 den June 2017.<ref name="Forbes 2017">[https://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2017/06/15/cristiano-ronaldo-produces-nearly-1-billion-in-value-for-sponsors-on-social-media-this-year/ "Cristiano Ronaldo Produced Nearly $1 Billion in Value for Sponsors on Social Media"]. </ref> After announcing de creation of ein YouTube channel, UR · Cristiano on 21 August 2024, e cam be de fastest to reach de 1 million subscribers milestone,<ref name="onefootball.com">{{Cite web |date=21 August 2024 |title=🎥 Cristiano Ronaldo unveils his official YouTube channel |url=https://onefootball.com/pt-br/noticias/cristiano-ronaldo-unveils-his-official-youtube-channel-39923949 |access-date=22 August 2024 |website=OneFootball |language=pt-br}}</ref> doing so insyd 90 minutes.<ref name="onefootball.com" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ronaldo creates YouTube history, smashes new one million subscribers record |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2024/8/21/footballer-cristiano-ronaldo-breaks-new-youtube-channel-record |access-date=22 August 2024 |website=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 August 2024 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo launches YouTube channel, gains over a million followers after posting first video |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/cristiano-ronaldo-launches-youtube-channel-gains-a-million-followers-after-first-video-cr7-updates/article68551628.ece |access-date=22 August 2024 |website=Sportstar}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 August 2024 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo lança canal no Youtube e consegue mais de 1 milhão de inscritos em menos de uma hora |url=https://www.espn.com.br/futebol/artigo/_/id/14066897/cristiano-ronaldo-lanca-canal-youtube-consegue-mais-1-milhao-inscritos-menos-uma-hora |access-date=22 August 2024 |website=ESPN.com |language=pt}}</ref> De channel sanso cam be de fastest to reach 5,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shepherd |first=Ian |title=Cristiano Ronaldo Smashes Records With Massive YouTube Channel Launch |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ianshepherd/2024/08/21/cristiano-ronaldo-smashes-records-with-massive-youtube-channel-launch/ |access-date=22 August 2024 |website=Forbes}}</ref> 10,<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 August 2024 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's YouTube channel gets over 10 million subscribers within one day of launch – CNBC TV18 |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/sports/cristiano-ronaldos-youtube-channel-gets-over-10-million-subscribers-within-one-day-of-launch-19463653.htm |access-date=22 August 2024 |website=CNBCTV18}}</ref> 20,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ayamga |first=Emmanuel |date=22 August 2024 |title=Ronaldo shatters more records, surpasses 20m YouTube subscribers under 24 hours |url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/sports/football/cristiano-ronaldo-surpasses-20-million-youtube-subscribers-under-24-hours/tbtzl86 |access-date=22 August 2024 |website=Pulse Ghana}}</ref> 30 den 50 million subscribers.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ritman |first=Alex |date=23 August 2024 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo Launches YouTube Channel, Hits 30 Million Subscribers in Two Days |url=https://variety.com/2024/digital/global/cristiano-ronaldo-launches-youtube-channel-ur-1236113655/ |access-date=23 August 2024 |website=Variety}}</ref> E sanso cam be de most subscribed channel insyd Portugal, surpassing de Portuguese Nick Jr.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Portugal: YouTube channels by number of subscribers 2024 |url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/1374862/portugal-youtube-channels-by-number-of-subscribers/ |access-date=22 August 2024 |website=Statista}}</ref> As of June 2026, de channel get 80 million subscribers. === Wealth den sponsorships === Insyd April 2026, Sportico rank Ronaldo as de third highest-paid athlete insyd history, behind [[Michael Jordan]] den [[Tiger Woods]], plus ein income dem estimate at $2.52 billion.<ref name="sportico-all-time">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2026 |title=Michael Jordan Is All-Time Highest-Paid Athlete, Tiger Woods and Cristiano Ronaldo Follow |url=https://www.complex.com/sports/a/markelibert/michael-jordan-highest-paid-athlete |access-date=5 April 2026 |publisher=[[Complex Networks|Complex]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="sportico-all-time-2">{{Cite web |date=1 April 2026 |title=50 Highest-Paid Athletes of All-Time |url=https://www.sportico.com/feature/highest-paid-athletes-all-time-1234711562/ |access-date=5 April 2025 |publisher=Sportico |language=en}}</ref> He sanso be included insyd ''Sportico'' ein every annual ranking of de highest-paid athletes: na dem name am de third highest-paid athlete of 2021 ($120 million) den 2022 ($115 million) den de highest-paid athlete of 2023 ($275 million), 2024 ($260 million) den 2025 ($260 million).<ref name="cnn-highest-paid-2024">{{Cite web |date=13 February 2025 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo was the highest paid athlete in 2024 on a list which featured no women in the top 100 |url=https://cnn.com/cnn/2025/02/13/sport/cristiano-ronaldo-top-100-highest-earning-athletes-spt |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250501165110/https://www.cnn.com/cnn/2025/02/13/sport/cristiano-ronaldo-top-100-highest-earning-athletes-spt |archive-date=1 May 2025 |access-date=1 May 2025 |publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref><ref name="nbc-highest-paid">{{Cite web |date=13 February 2025 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo tops list of highest-paid athletes, Ben Simmons the only Australian, no women in top 100 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/rcna192011 |access-date=3 June 2025 |publisher=[[NBC News]]}}</ref><ref name="independent-highest-paid">{{Cite web |date=13 February 2025 |title=Highest-paid athletes in the world named |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/highest-paid-athletes-cristiano-ronaldo-tyson-fury-b2697849.html |access-date=3 June 2025 |work=[[The Independent]]}}</ref><ref name="bein-highest-paid">{{Cite web |date=16 January 2026 |title=TOP 10: Highest-Earning Athletes of 2025 |url=https://www.beinsports.com/en-us/soccer/articles/-photos-top-10-highest-earning-athletes-of-2025-2026-01-15 |access-date=5 April 2026 |publisher=[[beIN Sports]] |language=en}}</ref> Plus earnings of €720&nbsp;million (£615&nbsp;million) from 2010 to 2019, na dem rank Ronaldo second insyd ''Forbes'' list of de decade ein highest-paid athletes, behind boxer [[Floyd Mayweather Jr.]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Badenhausen |first=Kurt |title=The Highest-Paid Athletes Of The Decade: Mayweather, Ronaldo And LeBron Dominate |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2019/12/23/the-highest-paid-athletes-of-the-decade-mayweatherronaldo-lebron-score/ |access-date=13 January 2020 |work=Forbes}}</ref> ''Forbes'' rank Ronaldo as de highest-paid athlete insyd de world insyd 2016 ($88 million), 2017 ($93 million) den from 2023 to 2025 ($136 million, $260 million den $275 million respectively), wey he enter every top 10 since de ranking ein inception insyd 2012.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=The world's highest paid football players |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/christinasettimi/2014/05/07/the-worlds-highest-paid-soccer-players-3/ |work=Forbes |date=7 May 2014 |access-date=8 May 2014 |first=Christina |last=Settimi |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140510084750/http://www.forbes.com/sites/christinasettimi/2014/05/07/the-worlds-highest-paid-soccer-players-3/ |archive-date=10 May 2014}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=The world's highest paid football players 2015 |url=https://www.forbes.com/pictures/mlh45eldf/1-cristiano-ronaldo-real/ |work=Forbes |access-date=26 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151126122118/http://www.forbes.com/pictures/mlh45eldf/1-cristiano-ronaldo-real/ |archive-date=26 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The World's Highest-Paid Athletes |url=https://www.forbes.com/athletes/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150118041725/http://www.forbes.com/athletes/ |archive-date=18 January 2015 |access-date=14 January 2015 |work=Forbes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Reynolds |first=Ben |date=8 June 2016 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo first footballer to top Forbes rich list of highest-earning athletes |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/10307782/cristiano-ronaldo-first-footballer-to-top-forbes-rich-list-of-highest-earning-athletes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610125422/http://www.skysports.com/football/news/11095/10307782/cristiano-ronaldo-first-footballer-to-top-forbes-rich-list-of-highest-earning-athletes |archive-date=10 June 2016 |access-date=9 June 2016 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref name="Forbes 2017"/> He be de first footballer den only de third sportsman to earn $1 billion insyd dema career.<ref name="settimi2020">{{cite web |last=Settimi |first=Christina |title=Ronaldo's $105 Million Year Tops Messi And Crowns Him Soccer's First Billion-Dollar Man |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/christinasettimi/2020/06/04/ronaldos-105-million-year-tops-messi-and-crowns-him-soccers-first-billion-dollar-man/ |access-date=9 June 2020 |work=Forbes}}</ref> Ronaldo be one of de world ein most marketable sportsmen: ''SportsPro'' rate am de fifth most marketable athlete insyd 2012<ref name="SportsPro 2012">{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-06-26/off-the-field/32424123_1_mc-mary-kom-london-olympics-world-champion-boxer |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130618042111/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-06-26/off-the-field/32424123_1_mc-mary-kom-london-olympics-world-champion-boxer |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 June 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]] |title=MS Dhoni, Mary Kom world's 16th, 38th most marketable athletes |date=26 June 2012}}</ref> den eighth most marketable athlete insyd 2013.<ref name="SportsPro 2012" /><ref>{{cite web |date=8 May 2013 |title=50 Most Marketable 2013&nbsp;– Cristiano Ronaldo |url=http://www.sportspromedia.com/most_marketable/cristiano_ronaldo |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515072837/http://www.sportspromedia.com/most_marketable/cristiano_ronaldo |archive-date=15 May 2014 |access-date=15 May 2014 |publisher=SportsProMedia}}</ref> Sports market research company Repucom name Ronaldo de most marketable den most recognised football player insyd de world insyd May 2014.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 May 2014 |title=Top 10 Most Marketable Footballers in the World |url=http://repucom.net/wp-content/uploads/Top-10-Most-Marketable-Football-Players.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304064853/http://repucom.net/wp-content/uploads/Top-10-Most-Marketable-Football-Players.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=22 August 2015 |publisher=Repucom (press release)}}</ref> Since ein reputation grow at Manchester United, Ronaldo sign chaw sponsorship deals for consumer products, wey dey include sportswear, football boots; since November 2012, Ronaldo wear de Nike Mercurial Vapor personalised CR7 edition,<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Nike's CR7 Collection Reflects Attitude And Irreverence Of A Global Icon |url=https://news.nike.com/news/new-cristiano-ronaldo-signature-collection-from-nike-reflects-attitude-irreverence-of-a-global-icon |work=Nike |date=7 November 2012 |access-date=6 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707011634/https://news.nike.com/news/new-cristiano-ronaldo-signature-collection-from-nike-reflects-attitude-irreverence-of-a-global-icon |archive-date=7 July 2018}}</ref> soft drinks, clothing, automotive lubricants, financial services, electronics, den video games.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo expands his brand with the launch of Legacy fragrance |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2015/09/16/cristano-ronaldo-expands-his-brand-with-launch-of-legacy-frangrance/ |work=Forbes |date=26 November 2015 |access-date=6 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180922120808/https://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2015/09/16/cristano-ronaldo-expands-his-brand-with-launch-of-legacy-frangrance/ |archive-date=22 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Booth |first=Robert |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2009/jun/11/cristiano-ronaldo-transfer-real-madrid |title=From £175 to £80m in 14 years – but can Cristiano Ronaldo earn it like Beckham? |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=11 June 2009 |access-date=8 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217232948/http://www.theguardian.com/football/2009/jun/11/cristiano-ronaldo-transfer-real-madrid |archive-date=17 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2012/07/11/is-cristiano-ronaldo-the-worlds-most-marketable-athlete/ |title=Is Cristiano Ronaldo The World's Most Marketable Athlete? |work=Forbes |date=7 November 2012 |access-date=8 July 2013 |first=Kurt |last=Badenhausen |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602113649/http://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2012/07/11/is-cristiano-ronaldo-the-worlds-most-marketable-athlete/ |archive-date=2 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Why Cristiano Ronaldo's $1 Billion Nike Deal May Be A Bargain For Sportswear Giant |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2016/12/02/cristiano-ronaldos-1-billion-nike-deal-is-a-bargain-for-sportswear-giant/ |work=Forbes |date=2 December 2016 |access-date=6 July 2018 |first=Kurt |last=Badenhausen |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705235422/https://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2016/12/02/cristiano-ronaldos-1-billion-nike-deal-is-a-bargain-for-sportswear-giant/ |archive-date=5 July 2018}}</ref> Ronaldo feature as de cover star of ''FIFA'' video game ''FIFA 18'' wey he be heavily involved insyd de game ein promotion.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 August 2017 |title=EA Unveil new FIFA 18 trailer and official cover art |url=http://www.goal.com/en-us/news/ea-unveil-new-fifa-18-trailer-and-official-cover-art/uwbx8pwyazdw1fq8jsk08ojpd |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108204922/http://www.goal.com/en-us/news/ea-unveil-new-fifa-18-trailer-and-official-cover-art/uwbx8pwyazdw1fq8jsk08ojpd |archive-date=8 November 2017 |access-date=8 November 2017 |work=[[Goal (website)|Goal]]}}</ref> Ein "Sii" goal celebration dey feature insyd de ''FIFA'' series, dem accompany plus ein own voiceover.<ref name="FIFA18">{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Russell |first=Bradley |url=https://www.fourfourtwo.com/features/how-do-12-new-fifa-18-celebrations-plus-more-our-favourites |title=How to do the 12 new FIFA 18 celebrations – plus more of our favourites |date=6 October 2017 |access-date=26 November 2022 |work=FourFourTwo}}</ref> He sanso be de face of ''Pro Evolution Soccer'', appearing on de covers of de 2008, 2012 den 2013 editions of de game.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Fifa 18 release date confirmed with Cristiano Ronaldo as cover star |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/fifa-18-release-date-confirmed-with-cristiano-ronaldo-as-cover-star-a3557866.html |newspaper=London Evening Standard |access-date=5 July 2018 |date=6 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706002905/https://www.standard.co.uk/sport/football/fifa-18-release-date-confirmed-with-cristiano-ronaldo-as-cover-star-a3557866.html|archive-date=6 July 2018}}</ref> === Philanthropy === Ronaldo make contributions to various charitable causes thru out ein career. Television footage of de 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake den tsunami show an eight-year-old boy survivor dem name Martunis wearing a Portuguese football shirt wey na he be stranded for 19 days after na ein family be killed. Following dis, Ronaldo visit Aceh, Indonesia, to raise funds for rehabilitation den reconstruction.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Ronaldo raises funds for tsunami-hit Aceh |url=http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200506/13/eng20050613_189948.html |work=People's Daily |date=13 June 2005 |access-date=2 April 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110309050612/http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200506/13/eng20050613_189948.html |archive-date=9 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=9 January 2008 |title=Tsunami Survivors: New Life For A Decimated Football Club |url=https://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/socialresponsibility/news/newsid=668801/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130311204841/http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/socialresponsibility/news/newsid=668801/ |archive-date=11 March 2013 |access-date=3 July 2012 |work=FIFA}}</ref> After accepting undisclosed damages from a libel case against ''The Sun'' newspaper insyd 2008, Ronaldo donate de damages to a charity insyd Madeira.<ref name="payout">{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo accepts Daily Telegraph libel payout |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-11709871 |access-date=14 October 2018 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=8 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915090138/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-11709871 |archive-date=15 September 2018}}</ref> Insyd 2009, Ronaldo donate £100,000 to de hospital wey save ein mommie ein life insyd Madeira following ein battle plus cancer, so say dem fi build a cancer centre on de island.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 June 2012 |title=Ronaldo donates to Cancer-stricken mums saviors |url=http://www.nowmagazine.co.uk/celebrity-news/312084/cristiano-ronaldo-donates-100-000-to-cancer-hospital |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130212005600/http://www.nowmagazine.co.uk/celebrity-news/312084/cristiano-ronaldo-donates-100-000-to-cancer-hospital |archive-date=12 February 2013 |access-date=25 June 2012 |work=Now}}</ref> In support of de victims of de 2010 Madeira flood, Ronaldo pledge to play insyd a charity match insyd Madeira between Primeira Liga club Porto den players from Madeiran-based clubs Marítimo den Nacional.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/ozasp-soccer-spain-ronaldo-madeira-20100-idAFJOE61L09O20100222 |title=Ronaldo to play in charity match for Madeira |work=Reuters |date=22 February 2010 |access-date=26 November 2022}}</ref> Insyd 2012, Ronaldo den ein agent pay for specialist treatment give a nine-year-old Canarian boy plus apparently terminal cancer.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.as.com/english/articulo/cristiano-ronaldo-funds-cancer-treatment/20120619dasdenspo_11/Ten |title=Cristiano Ronaldo funds cancer treatment for 9-year-old boy |work=AS.com |date=19 June 2012 |access-date=15 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517153709/http://www.as.com/english/articulo/cristiano-ronaldo-funds-cancer-treatment/20120619dasdenspo_11/Ten |archive-date=17 May 2014 |last1=s. l. |first1=Diarioas AS }}</ref> Insyd December 2012, Ronaldo join FIFA ein "11 for Health" programme to raise awareness among kiddies of how to steer clear of conditions wey dey include drug addiction, HIV, malaria, den obesity.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.marca.com/2012/12/31/en/football/international_football/1356973939.html |title=Messi and Ronaldo join forces for FIFA's '11 for Health' |newspaper=Marca |location=Spain |date=31 December 2012 |access-date=21 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130206092629/http://www.marca.com/2012/12/31/en/football/international_football/1356973939.html |archive-date=6 February 2013}}</ref> Insyd January 2013, Ronaldo cam be Save the Children ein new Global Artist Ambassador, insyd wich he dey hope to help fight child hunger den obesity.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 March 2013 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo Kicks Off the New Year as Save the Children's New Global Artist Ambassador for Child Hunger and Nutrition |url=http://www.savethechildren.org/site/apps/nlnet/content2.aspx?c=8rKLIXMGIpI4E&b=8486803&ct=12703073 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927052831/http://www.savethechildren.org/site/apps/nlnet/content2.aspx?c=8rKLIXMGIpI4E&b=8486803&ct=12703073 |archive-date=27 September 2017 |access-date=6 January 2019 |work=Save the Children}}</ref> Insyd March 2013, Ronaldo agree to be de ambassador for de Mangrove Care Forum Bali insyd Indonesia, an organisation wey dey aim to raise awareness of mangrove conservation.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/03/17/ronaldo-ambassador-mangrove.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130321060234/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/03/17/ronaldo-ambassador-mangrove.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 March 2013 |title=Ronaldo ambassador for mangrove |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |date=17 March 2013 |access-date=15 May 2014}}</ref> Na dem name Ronaldo de world ein most charitable sportsperson insyd 2015 after donating £5&nbsp;million to de relief effort after de earthquake insyd Nepal wich kill over 8,000 people.<ref name="Independent 2016">{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/cristiano-ronaldo-real-madrid-forward-donates-600000-champions-league-final-bonus-to-charity-a7063036.html |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Real Madrid forward donates €600,000 Champions League win bonus to charity |newspaper=The Independent |date=3 June 2016 |access-date=3 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160605020931/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/cristiano-ronaldo-real-madrid-forward-donates-600000-champions-league-final-bonus-to-charity-a7063036.html |archive-date=5 June 2016}}</ref> Insyd June 2016, Ronaldo donate de entirety of ein €600,000 Champions League bonus after Real Madrid win de competition.<ref name="Independent 2016" /> Insyd August of de same year, Ronaldo launch CR7Selfie, a selfie app for charity to help Save the Children wey dey let participants take a selfie plus am insyd one of several different outfits den poses.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.adweek.com/adfreak/cristiano-ronaldos-new-charity-app-lets-you-post-selfies-him-topless-or-otherwise-172893 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's New Charity App Lets You Post Selfies With Him, Topless or Otherwise |first=David |last=Griner |work=Adweek |date=9 August 2016 |access-date=11 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811170925/http://www.adweek.com/adfreak/cristiano-ronaldos-new-charity-app-lets-you-post-selfies-him-topless-or-otherwise-172893 |archive-date=11 August 2016}}</ref> === Eponyms den honours === [[File:CR7_museum_and_hotel_in_Funchal,_Madeira.JPG|thumb|The Cristiano Ronaldo Museum, Museu CR7, instd Funchal, Madeira, dem open insyd December 2013.]] Insyd 2007, C.D. Nacional rename ein youth campus Cristiano Ronaldo Campus Futebol (Cristiano Ronaldo Football Campus).<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.cdnacional.pt/cristiano-ronaldo-campus-futebol/ |title=Cristiano Ronaldo Football Campus |website=CD Nacional |access-date=21 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222122039/http://www.cdnacional.pt/cristiano-ronaldo-campus-futebol/|archive-date=22 December 2017}}</ref> Insyd December 2013, Ronaldo open a museum, Museu CR7, insyd ein hometown of Funchal, Madeira, to house trophies den memorabilia;<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/inside-cristiano-ronaldos-museum-i-have-room-for-more-trophies-9152637.html |title=Inside Cristiano Ronaldo's museum: 'I have room for more trophies' |first=Alice |last=Jones |newspaper=The Independent |date=25 February 2014 |access-date=15 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701192051/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/news-and-comment/inside-cristiano-ronaldos-museum-i-have-room-for-more-trophies-9152637.html |archive-date=1 July 2014}}</ref> de museum be an official sponsor of de local football team União da Madeira.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cristiano Ronaldo associa-se ao União da Madeira |url=http://www.maisfutebol.iol.pt/liga-honra/cr7/cristiano-ronaldo-associa-se-ao-uniao-da-madeira |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170825184437/http://www.maisfutebol.iol.pt/liga-honra/cr7/cristiano-ronaldo-associa-se-ao-uniao-da-madeira |archive-date=25 August 2017 |access-date=24 December 2017 |website=Maisfutebol.iol.pt}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=20 November 2014 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo associa-se ao União da Madeira |url=http://www.tvi24.iol.pt/liga-honra/cr7/cristiano-ronaldo-associa-se-ao-uniao-da-madeira |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170825224903/http://www.tvi24.iol.pt/liga-honra/cr7/cristiano-ronaldo-associa-se-ao-uniao-da-madeira |archive-date=25 August 2017 |access-date=24 December 2017 |website=Tvi24.iol.pt}}</ref> At a ceremony dem hold at de Belém Palace insyd January 2014, Presido of Portugal Aníbal Cavaco Silva raise Ronaldo to de rank of Grand Officer of de Order of Prince Henry "''to distinguish an athlete of world renown who has been a symbol of Portugal globally, contributing to the international projection of the country and setting an example of tenacity for future generations."''<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo made Grand Officer of the Order of Prince Henry |url=http://elpais.com/elpais/2014/01/21/inenglish/1390317530_265899.html |work=El País |date=21 January 2014 |access-date=15 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517153224/http://elpais.com/elpais/2014/01/21/inenglish/1390317530_265899.html |archive-date=17 May 2014}}</ref> Insyd June 2015, astronomers wey David Sobral from Lisbon den Leiden lead discover a galaxy wich na dem name Cosmos Redshift 7 (CR7) in tribute to Ronaldo.<ref name="Galaxy">{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: CR7 name given to discovered galaxy |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/33185760 |work=BBC Sport |date=18 June 2015 |access-date=21 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924224248/http://www.bbc.com/sport/0/football/33185760 |archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref> On 23 July 2016, following Portugal ein triumph at Euro 2016, Madeira Airport insyd Funchal na dem rename as Cristiano Ronaldo International Airport.<ref>{{cite web |title=Madeira airport renamed after Cristiano Ronaldo |url=http://theworldgame.sbs.com.au/article/2016/07/23/madeira-airport-renamed-after-cristiano-ronaldo |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160724175107/http://theworldgame.sbs.com.au/article/2016/07/23/madeira-airport-renamed-after-cristiano-ronaldo |archive-date=24 July 2016 |access-date=23 July 2016 |website=The World Game |publisher=Special Broadcasting Service}}</ref> Na dem name change be subject to much debate locally by sam politicians den citizens, wey even start a petition against de move, an action wey President of Madeira Miguel Albuquerque criticise.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/portugal/story/3090789/madeira-airport-preparing-to-be-renamed-after-portugal-captain-cristiano-ronaldo|title=Madeira airport preparing to be renamed after Cristiano Ronaldo|newspaper=Espn.com|date=28 March 2017|access-date=19 June 2022}}</ref><ref name="Airport">{{cite web |last=Corrigan |first=Dermot |date=10 March 2017 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo airport rename critics slammed by Madeira president |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/portugal/story/3079064/cristiano-ronaldo-airport-rename-critics-slammed-by-madeira-president |access-date=19 June 2022 |work=ESPN}}</ref> On 21 September 2020, de Sporting CP ein football academy insyd Alcochete, til then dem call ''Academia Sporting'', na dem rename ''Academia Cristiano Ronaldo''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Academia Cristiano Ronaldo|publisher=sporting.pt|url=https://www.sporting.pt/en/news/club/statements/2020-09-21/academia-cristiano-ronaldo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nacional "estupefacto e desagradado" com Sporting por dar nome de Ronaldo a Academia |url=https://www.sabado.pt/desporto/detalhe/nacional-estupefacto-e-desagradado-com-sporting-por-dar-nome-de-ronaldo-a-academia |access-date=27 September 2023 |website=www.sabado.pt |language=pt-pt}}</ref> Insyd 2023, de Lisbon City Council approve awarding am, at de proposal of ein presido, Carlos Moedas, de Medal of Honor of de City, secof he be "a great Lisboner, insyd de sense of de passion he get give de city".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lisbon awards Cristiano Ronaldo with City Medal of Honour |url=https://www.theportugalnews.com/news/2023-05-04/lisbon-awards-cristiano-ronaldo-with-city-medal-of-honour/77278 |access-date=9 March 2024 |website=www.theportugalnews.com}}</ref> === Public art === Insyd June 2010, during de build-up to de World Cup, Ronaldo cam be de fourth footballer, after [[Steven Gerrard]], Pelé, den David Beckham, to be represented as a waxwork at Madame Tussauds London.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/players/cristiano-ronaldo/7816806/World-Cup-2010-Cristiano-Ronaldo-gets-Madam-Tussauds-waxwork.html |title=World Cup 2010: Cristiano Ronaldo gets Madam Tussauds waxwork |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |date=10 June 2010 |access-date=15 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206192857/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/players/cristiano-ronaldo/7816806/World-Cup-2010-Cristiano-Ronaldo-gets-Madam-Tussauds-waxwork.html |archive-date=6 February 2015}}</ref> Na dem present anoda waxwork of am at de Madrid Wax Museum insyd December 2013.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/31745660 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo sends stylist to museum to brush waxwork's hair |date=5 March 2015 |work=BBC Sport |access-date=4 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180623125358/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/31745660 |archive-date=23 June 2018}}</ref> A bronze statue of Ronaldo, wey artist Ricardo Madeira Veloso design, be unveiled insyd Funchal insyd December 2014.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/12/22/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-bronze-statue/index.html |title=Cristiano Ronaldo immortalized in bronze statue outside his personal museum |work=CNN |date=22 December 2014 |access-date=24 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223205109/http://edition.cnn.com/2014/12/22/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-bronze-statue/index.html |archive-date=23 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=21 December 2014 |title=Huge statue of Cristiano Ronaldo erected – and there's something slightly stiff about it |url=https://www.eurosport.com/football/huge-statue-of-cristiano-ronaldo-erected-and-there-s-something-slightly-stiff-about-it_sto4714822/story.shtml |access-date=23 January 2019 |work=[[Eurosport]]}}</ref> De unveiling of de rebranded Cristiano Ronaldo International Airport take place on 29 March 2017, wich include a bust of ein head be presented.<ref name="Airport"/> Na de bust den de name change be controversial, plus de lack of de bust ein likeness to Ronaldo be ridiculed by comedians, wey dey include ''Saturday Night Live'',<ref>{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lhNNrhze3vs |title=Weekend Update: Cecilia Gimenez on Cristiano Ronaldo Bust – SNL |date=9 April 2017 |publisher=[[Saturday Night Live]] |access-date=20 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024035853/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lhNNrhze3vs |archive-date=24 October 2022 |url-status=live |via=[[YouTube]]}}</ref><ref name="Airport" /> A year later, na sports website Bleacher Report commission sculptor [[Emanuel Santos]] to create anoda bust;<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Ronaldo statue: Sculptor Emanuel Santos takes another shot at bust |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-43598431 |work=BBC News |date=30 March 2018 |access-date=30 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180525025556/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-43598431|archive-date=25 May 2018}}</ref> however, na dem no never use dis bust wey na dem do a new one by a Spanish sculptor, dem show to de public on 15 June 2018.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 June 2018 |title=Aeroporto da Madeira tem novo busto de Cristiano Ronaldo |url=https://rr.pt/noticia/vida/2018/06/17/aeroporto-da-madeira-tem-novo-busto-de-cristiano-ronaldo/116124/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251112233223/https://rr.pt/noticia/vida/2018/06/17/aeroporto-da-madeira-tem-novo-busto-de-cristiano-ronaldo/116124/ |archive-date=12 November 2025 |access-date=25 May 2026 |work=Renascença}}</ref> === Business ventures === Ronaldo open a fashion boutique under de name ''CR7'' (ein initials den shirt number) on de island of Madeira insyd 2006 wey he open a second insyd Lisbon insyd 2008.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=New CR7 store in London |url=http://www.footballshirtculture.com/Football-Fashion/new-cr7-store-in-lisbon.html |date=10 October 2008 |work=Football Shirt Culture |access-date=6 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180616103310/http://www.footballshirtculture.com/Football-Fashion/new-cr7-store-in-lisbon.html |archive-date=16 June 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> In partnership plus Scandinavian manufacturer JBS Textile Group den de New York fashion designer [[Richard Chai]], Ronaldo co-design a range of underwear den sock line, dem release insyd November 2013.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.prweek.com/article/1219136/m-c-saatchi-launches-underwear-range-giant-image-ronaldo-pants |title=M&C Saatchi launches underwear range with giant image of Ronaldo in pants |first=Jonathan |last=Tilley |work=PR Week |date=1 November 2013 |access-date=15 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517121906/http://www.prweek.com/article/1219136/m-c-saatchi-launches-underwear-range-giant-image-ronaldo-pants |archive-date=17 May 2014}}</ref> He expand ein ''CR7'' fashion brand by launching a line of premium shirts den shoes insyd July 2014.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.complex.com/style/2014/07/cristiano-ronaldo-cr7-richard-chai-shirts |title=Cristiano Ronaldo Is Working With Richard Chai to Add Shirts to His CR7 Underwear Line |work=Complex |date=15 July 2014 |access-date=23 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140719040243/http://www.complex.com/style/2014/07/cristiano-ronaldo-cr7-richard-chai-shirts |archive-date=19 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.irishmirror.ie/sport/soccer/soccer-news/cristiano-ronaldo-launches-shoe-range-3876935 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo launches SHOE range as he branches out into fashion |work=Irish Mirror |date=17 July 2014 |access-date=23 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140728191556/http://www.irishmirror.ie/sport/soccer/soccer-news/cristiano-ronaldo-launches-shoe-range-3876935 |archive-date=28 July 2014}}</ref> Insyd September 2015, Ronaldo release ein own fragrance, "Legacy", insyd a partnership plus Eden Parfums.<ref>{{cite web |last=Badenhausen |first=Kurt |date=16 September 2015 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo Expands His Brand With Launch Of New Fragrance |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/kurtbadenhausen/2015/09/16/cristano-ronaldo-expands-his-brand-with-launch-of-legacy-frangrance/?sh=4a4d0b27665a |access-date=27 November 2022 |website=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Since 26 October 2023, de new owners of Medialivre (''Correio da Manhã'', ''Record'' den ''Jornal de Negócios'' publisher) be a group of investors wey include Cristiano Ronaldo thru Portuguese company Expressão Livre.<ref name="Portugal Business News">{{Cite news|date=27 October 2023|title=What is the media company owned by Cristiano Ronaldo?|url=https://www.portugalbusinessesnews.com/post/what-is-the-media-company-owned-by-cristiano-ronaldo|access-date=1 November 2023|work=Portugal Business News}}</ref> Insyd December 2011, he launch an iPhone game dem call ''Heads Up with Cristiano'', wey developer RockLive create, den insyd December 2013, he launch ''Viva Ronaldo'', a dedicated social networking website den app.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://as.com/diarioas/2013/12/13/english/1386953936_605314.html |title='Viva Ronaldo' – Cristiano creates his own online community |work=AS |date=13 December 2013 |access-date=15 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226101456/http://as.com/diarioas/2013/12/13/english/1386953936_605314.html |archive-date=26 December 2013}}</ref> On 26 February 2026, Ronaldo acquire a 25% ownership stake insyd Spanish club UD Almería as part of ein investment activities thru CR7 Sports Investments, a subsidiary of CR7 S.A.<ref>{{cite web |last=McKenna |first=Lorraine |date=26 February 2026 |title=Ronaldo becomes co-owner of Spanish side Almeria |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/articles/c39wry03jvmo |website=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> Ronaldo be de co-owner of AI-powered football training den entertainment facilities dem name Footlab.<ref>{{cite news|date=10 June 2026|title=AI-powered soccer training centre backed by Cristiano Ronaldo coming to White Oaks Mall|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/london/ai-powered-soccer-training-centre-backed-by-cristiano-ronaldo-coming-to-white-oaks-mall-9.7229736|work=[[CBC News]]|access-date=11 June 2026}}</ref> === Media === Ronaldo ein autobiography, dem title ''Moments'', be published insyd 2007.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 March 2009 |title=Moments |url=http://www.chapters.indigo.ca/books/Moments-Cristiano-Ronaldo/9780230706699-item.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090523102037/http://www.chapters.indigo.ca/books/Moments-Cristiano-Ronaldo/9780230706699-item.html |archive-date=23 May 2009 |work=Chapters}}</ref> Ein sponsor Castrol produce de television film ''Ronaldo: Tested to the Limit'', insyd wich na he be physically den mentally tested insyd several areas; na ein physical performance be subject to scrutiny by world media upon de film ein release insyd September 2011.<ref name="hughes2011">{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Hughes |first=Rob |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/14/sports/soccer/14iht-soccer14.html |title=Ronaldo May Look Like the Best, but There Is Someone Better |date=13 September 2011 |access-date=30 September 2014 |work=The New York Times |url-access=limited |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701061906/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/14/sports/soccer/14iht-soccer14.html |archive-date=1 July 2015}}</ref> ''Cristiano Ronaldo: The World at His Feet'', a documentary wey actor [[Benedict Cumberbatch]] narrate, na dem release via Vimeo insyd June 2014.<ref>{{cite web |last=Brown |first=Brigid |date=June 2014 |title=WATCH: Benedict Cumberbatch Narrates Cristiano Ronaldo Documentary |url=http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2014/06/watch-benedict-cumberbatch-narrates-cristiano-ronaldo-documentary/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510113440/http://www.bbcamerica.com/anglophenia/2014/06/watch-benedict-cumberbatch-narrates-cristiano-ronaldo-documentary/ |archive-date=10 May 2015 |access-date=10 May 2015 |work=BBC America}}</ref> A documentary film wey Anthony Wonke direct about ein life den career, dem title ''Ronaldo'', na e be released on 9 November 2015.<ref>[http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2015/11/footballer-cristiano-ronaldo-awarded-with-guinness-world-records-certificates-at-405247 "Footballer Cristiano Ronaldo awarded with Guinness World Records certificates at London film premiere"], {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915090326/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/2015/11/footballer-cristiano-ronaldo-awarded-with-guinness-world-records-certificates-at-405247|date=15 September 2018}}. </ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/cristiano-ronaldo-confirms-film-being-made-about-his-life-and-football-career-10310832.html |title=Cristiano Ronaldo confirms film being made about his life with Amy and Senna director on board |newspaper=Independent |date=10 June 2015 |access-date=2 August 2015 |first=Jess |last=Denham |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150614010448/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/cristiano-ronaldo-confirms-film-being-made-about-his-life-and-football-career-10310832.html |archive-date=14 June 2015}}</ref> He dey appear as a playable character insyd de 2025 fighting game ''Fatal Fury: City of the Wolves''.<ref>{{cite web |last=Romano |first=Sal |date=26 March 2025 |title=Fatal Fury: City of the Wolves adds Cristiano Ronaldo as playable fighter |url=https://www.gematsu.com/2025/03/fatal-fury-city-of-the-wolves-adds-cristiano-ronaldo-as-playable-fighter |access-date=26 March 2025 |website=Gematsu}}</ref> Insyd December 2025, na e be confirmed say he go participate insyd de film ''Fast X: Part 2'', from de ''Fast & Furious'' franchise.<ref>{{cite web |last=F. de Buján |first=Rocío |date=18 December 2025 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo da el salto al cine con un papel en 'Fast & Furious' |url=https://www.abc.es/gente/cristiano-ronaldo-salto-cine-papel-fast-furious-20251218101012-nt.html |access-date=19 December 2025 |website=[[ABC (newspaper)|ABC]] |language=es}}</ref> == Personal life == === Family, kiddies, den relationships === Ronaldo ein poppie, José, die of an alcoholism-related liver condition insyd 2005 at age 52, wen Ronaldo dey 20.<ref>{{cite web |last=Davies |first=Hunter |date=16 January 2014 |title=The Fan: Cristiano Ronaldo the tarnished icon |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/2014/01/fan-cristiano-ronaldo-tarnished-icon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140726100131/http://www.newstatesman.com/2014/01/fan-cristiano-ronaldo-tarnished-icon |archive-date=26 July 2014 |access-date=18 July 2014 |work=New Statesman}}</ref> Ronaldo ein mommie, Dolores Aveiro, cam be a popular personality insyd Portugal after Ronaldo achieve fame. She appear insyd commercials give de brands Maggi, MultiOpticas den Pingo Doce.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 June 2018 |title=Dolores Aveiro é a nova embaixadora Maggi |url=https://grandeconsumo.com/dolores-aveiro-e-a-nova-embaixadora-maggi/ |access-date=30 April 2024 |website=Grande Consumo |language=pt-PT}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2020 |title=Dolores Aveiro dá a cara pela MultiOpticas |url=https://www.meiosepublicidade.pt/2020/01/14/dolores-aveiro-da-cara-pela-multiopticas |access-date=30 April 2024 |website=Meios e Publicidade |language=pt}}</ref> Ronaldo get five kiddies. Ein first kiddies, a son dem name Cristiano Ronaldo Jr., dem born insyd 2010 insyd de United States.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo announces he is the father of a baby boy on Twitter |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/players/cristiano-ronaldo/7870962/Cristiano-Ronaldo-announces-he-is-the-father-of-a-baby-boy-on-Twitter.html |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |date=4 July 2010 |access-date=5 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821132940/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/players/cristiano-ronaldo/7870962/Cristiano-Ronaldo-announces-he-is-the-father-of-a-baby-boy-on-Twitter.html |archive-date=21 August 2010}}</ref> Ronaldo Jr. be a youth footballer wey play give Portugal's under-15 team.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2025 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo Jr. nets 1st Portugal U15s goals |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/45210278/cristiano-ronaldo-jr-nets-first-portugal-goals-u15s-win |access-date=20 May 2025 |website=ESPN.com}}</ref> Ronaldo get full custody of Ronaldo Jr. wey na he no publicly reveal de identity of ein mommie secof an agreement plus am.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Baby 'joy' for Cristiano Ronaldo |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/8786871.stm |work=BBC Sport |date=4 July 2010 |access-date=4 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170722144547/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/8786871.stm |archive-date=22 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo names son Cristiano Ronaldo |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/7878410/Cristiano-Ronaldo-names-son-Cristiano-Ronaldo.html |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |date=8 July 2010 |access-date=8 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501163740/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/7878410/Cristiano-Ronaldo-names-son-Cristiano-Ronaldo.html |archive-date=1 May 2013}}</ref> Ronaldo sanso be poppie to twins, born insyd 2017 insyd de U.S. via surrogacy.<ref>{{cite web |last=Sharland |first=Pete |date=29 June 2017 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo confirms he is a father of twins |url=http://au.eurosport.com/football/fifa-confederations-cup-qualification/2017/cristiano-ronaldo-confirms-he-is-a-father-of-twin-boys_sto6233943/story.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701214509/http://au.eurosport.com/football/fifa-confederations-cup-qualification/2017/cristiano-ronaldo-confirms-he-is-a-father-of-twin-boys_sto6233943/story.shtml |archive-date=1 July 2017 |access-date=29 June 2017 |work=Eurosport}}</ref> Na Ronaldo dey insyd a relationship plus de English actress Gemma Atkinson for four months insyd 2007,<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2023 |title="I Got Offered So Much Money" – Cristiano Ronaldo's $4,000,000 Worth Ex-Girlfriend Gemma Atkinson Confesses Rejecting Money to Reveal Their Secret Relationship |url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/soccer-football-news-i-got-offered-so-much-money-cristiano-ronaldo-four-million-worth-ex-girlfriend-gemma-atkinson-confesses-rejecting-money-to-reveal-their-secret-relationship/ |access-date=9 May 2024 |website=EssentiallySports |language=en}}</ref> then he date de Russian model Irina Shayk from 2010 to 2015.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 January 2015 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo breaks up with girlfriend Irina Shayk |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/soccer/2015/01/20/apnewsbreak-ronaldo-breaks-up-with-girlfriend-irina-shayk/22035547/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122003510/http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/soccer/2015/01/20/apnewsbreak-ronaldo-breaks-up-with-girlfriend-irina-shayk/22035547/ |archive-date=22 January 2015 |access-date=21 January 2015 |work=USA Today}}</ref> He begin a relationship plus Georgina Rodríguez insyd 2016 after he meet am while na she dey work as a sales assistant at a Gucci store insyd Madrid.<ref>{{cite web |last=Leyra |first=Paloma |date=25 February 2022 |title=La argentina Georgina Rodríguez con Forbes: "Me encanta ser la mujer de Cristiano Ronaldo, pero lo que tengo en el banco lo gané yo" |url=https://www.forbesargentina.com/millonarios/la-argentina-georgina-rodriguez-forbes-me-encanta-ser-mujer-cristiano-ronaldo-pero-lo-tengo-banco-lo-gane-yo-n13088 |work=Forbes Argentina |language=ES}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|author=Adrianna C. Freedman|title=Cristiano Ronaldo and Georgina Rodriguez's Relationship Timeline|language=en|url=https://people.com/sports/cristiano-ronaldo-georgina-rodriguez-relationship-timeline/|access-date=31 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231012530/https://people.com/sports/cristiano-ronaldo-georgina-rodriguez-relationship-timeline/|archive-date=31 December 2022|url-status=live|website=[[People (magazine)|People]]|publisher=[[Dotdash Meredith]]}}</ref> Rodríguez give birth to a daughter on 12 November 2017.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/real-madrid/story/3267889/cristiano-ronaldo-georgina-rodriguez-confirm-birth-of-baby-girl |title=Cristiano Ronaldo, Georgina Rodriguez confirm birth of baby girl |date=12 November 2017 |work=ESPN |access-date=19 June 2022}}</ref> Ba de couple dey expect twins insyd 2022; de male twin die during childbirth while de female twin survive.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Jamie|date=18 April 2022|title=Cristiano Ronaldo and Georgina Rodríguez announce death of baby son|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2022/apr/18/cristiano-ronaldo-and-georgina-rodriguez-announce-death-of-baby-son|access-date=18 April 2022|work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Ronaldo den Rodríguez marry on 11 August 2026 insyd a civil ceremony insyd Cascais, Portugal.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kola|first=Paulin|date=12 August 2026|title=Cristiano Ronaldo marries long-time partner Georgina Rodríguez|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/clyj0325z3ko|access-date=13 August 2026|work=BBC News}}</ref> === Health === Na Ronaldo say he no dey drink alcohol,<ref name="payout">{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo accepts Daily Telegraph libel payout |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-11709871 |access-date=14 October 2018 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=8 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915090138/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-11709871 |archive-date=15 September 2018}}</ref> wey he receive libel damages over a ''Daily Mirror'' article wey report he dey drink heavily insyd a nightclub while recovering from an injury insyd July 2008.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/sports/soccer/2009-11-09-873451543_x.htm |title=Ronaldo receives libel damages over drink story |work=USA Today |date=9 November 2009 |access-date=12 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091113084928/http://www.usatoday.com/sports/soccer/2009-11-09-873451543_x.htm |archive-date=13 November 2009}}</ref> He sanso no get any tattoos, as he regularly dey donate blood den bone marrow.<ref>{{cite web |date=3 November 2019 |title=Does Cristiano Ronaldo have tattoos? Juventus star's position on body ink explained |url=https://www.goal.com/en/news/cristiano-ronaldo-tattoos/axdtx8bwqem01dr97j7ha755u |work=Goal}}</ref> === Legal issues === Insyd 2007, Ronaldo plea guilty to driving 60&nbsp;mph insyd a 40&nbsp;mph zone insyd Manchester insyd 2006. Na dem fine am £1,000 wey dem give am 6 penalty points on ein licence for speeding.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 February 2007 |title=Ronaldo gets £1,000 speeding fine |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/6334539.stm |accessdate=16 June 2026 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> Insyd July 2017, na dem charge am plus fraudulently evading almost €15&nbsp;million insyd tax insyd Spain between 2011 den 2014, a claim he deny at de time.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/jul/31/cristiano-ronaldo-denies-tax-evasion-madrid-court |title=Cristiano Ronaldo gets right up your nose |date=31 July 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=11 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912011811/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/jul/31/cristiano-ronaldo-denies-tax-evasion-madrid-court|archive-date=12 September 2017}}</ref> Insyd June 2018, na dem give am a two-year suspended prison sentence wey dem fine am €18.8&nbsp;million for tax evasion, wich na dem later reduce to €16.8&nbsp;million after he reach a deal plus Spanish authorities. Na he serve de sentence under probation, widout any prison time, on de condition say he no go re-offend.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/cristiano-ronaldo-jail-sentence-two-years-suspended-tax-evasion-case-fine-how-much-world-cup-2018-a8400631.html |title=Cristiano Ronaldo 'agrees' two-year suspended jail sentence and €18.8m fine over tax evasion case |first=Jack |last=De Menezes |date=15 June 2018 |work=The Independent|access-date=6 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615222820/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/world-cup/cristiano-ronaldo-jail-sentence-two-years-suspended-tax-evasion-case-fine-how-much-world-cup-2018-a8400631.html|archive-date=15 June 2018}}</ref> Na dem investigate Ronaldo den anoda man by de British Crown Prosecution Service after na dem bring forward a 2005 rape allegation by two women. Within days, de two women withdraw dema allegation, wey Scotland Yard later issue a statement wey dey declare der no be enough evidence for a prosecution.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/4468628.stm |title=Ronaldo will not face rape charge |access-date=8 October 2018 |work=BBC|date=24 November 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181008175202/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/london/4468628.stm|archive-date=8 October 2018}}</ref> Insyd April 2017, na e be reported say na Ronaldo be investigated by de Las Vegas Police Department for an allegation by a woman wey he rape insyd 2009.<ref name="Spiegel">{{#invoke:cite|news |url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/zeitgeist/der-spiegel-football-leaks-exclusive-cristiano-ronaldo-rape-allegation-a-1143910.html |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's Secret |date=19 April 2017 |newspaper=Der Spiegel|access-date=11 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910221252/http://www.spiegel.de/international/zeitgeist/der-spiegel-football-leaks-exclusive-cristiano-ronaldo-rape-allegation-a-1143910.html|archive-date=10 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/oct/10/cristiano-ronaldo-lawyers-rape-allegation-documents-altered |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's lawyers claim rape allegation documents have been altered |work=The Guardian |date=10 October 2018 |access-date=16 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181015185617/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2018/oct/10/cristiano-ronaldo-lawyers-rape-allegation-documents-altered|archive-date=15 October 2018 |last1=MacInnes |first1=Paul }}</ref> Documents, wey Ronaldo ein lawyers confirm, state say Ronaldo pay a woman US$375,000 insyd a non-disclosure settlement.<ref name="Spiegel" /><ref>[http://www.spiegel.de/international/cristiano-ronaldo-kathryn-mayorga-the-woman-who-accuses-ronaldo-of-rape-a-1230634.html ''Her Name Is Kathryn The Woman Who Accuses Ronaldo of Rape.''] </ref> Ronaldo den ein lawyers issue a lengthy statement denying all accusations, wey dey describe dem as an "intentional defamation campaign" plus parts significantly "altered den/anaa completely fabricated",<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: 'Allegations of rape based on completely fabricated documents' |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/45817055 |access-date=10 October 2018 |work=BBC Sport |date=10 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010175403/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/45817055 |archive-date=10 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-45712777 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo rape allegation: Las Vegas police reopen case |access-date=11 October 2018 |work=BBC|date=2 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016080207/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-45712777|archive-date=16 October 2018}}</ref> a claim wich ''Der Spiegel'' categorically deny.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: 'German Magazine stands by reporting' |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/45824263 |access-date=10 October 2018 |work=BBC Sport |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012012740/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/amp/football/45824263 |archive-date=12 October 2018}}</ref> Insyd July 2019, Las Vegas prosecutors say dem no go charge Ronaldo over allegations of rape; na de statement add: "''Based upon a review of information at this time, the allegations of sexual assault against Cristiano Ronaldo cannot be proven beyond a reasonable doubt.''"<ref>{{cite web |date=22 July 2019 |title=Ronaldo will not face charges over alleged rape |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-49078808 |work=BBC}}</ref> De same woman, insyd September 2018, file a civil lawsuit insyd Nevada accusing Ronaldo of rape.<ref name="AFP-dismissed">{{cite news|title=US judge dismisses rape suit against football star Ronaldo|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220611-us-judge-dismisses-rape-suit-against-football-star-ronaldo|access-date=12 June 2022|work=[[France 24]]|agency=[[Agence France-Presse]]|date=11 June 2022}}</ref> ''The Daily Mirror'', wey dey cite court documents, report insyd 2021 say de woman seek £56&nbsp;million in damages from Ronaldo.<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Kathryn Mayorga demands £56m in damages over rape allegation |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-rape-claim-kathryn-mayorga-b1839530.html |access-date=23 September 2021 |work=[[The Independent]] |date=29 April 2021}}</ref> Insyd October 2021, federal magistrate judge Daniel Albregts recommend say de lawsuit be dismissed, wey dey cite say de woman eim lawyer, Leslie Stovall, "''acted in bad faith by asking for, receiving, and using Football Leaks documents to prosecute''" de case, despite de documents dey contain "privileged communications" between Ronaldo den ein lawyers. Additionally, na Albregts state say na dem find no evidence of Ronaldo ein lawyers having "intimidated [de woman] anaa impeded law enforcement" during de 2010 settlement plus am.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ritter|first1=Ken|title=Court says Ronaldo rape lawsuit in Vegas should be dismissed|url=https://apnews.com/article/soccer-entertainment-sports-premier-league-courts-68bcaf8e2cfd4d05710768baf496a33d|access-date=12 June 2022|work=[[Associated Press]]|date=8 October 2021}}</ref> Insyd June 2022, na dem dismiss de woman ein rape lawsuit plus prejudice insyd de United States District Court for the District of Nevada, as district judge Jennifer A. Dorsey rule say Stovall ein repeated use of "cyber-hacked attorney–client privileged documents" be actions wey dey represent "''abuses and flagrant circumvention of the proper litigation process".''<ref name="AFP-dismissed">{{cite news|title=US judge dismisses rape suit against football star Ronaldo|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220611-us-judge-dismisses-rape-suit-against-football-star-ronaldo|access-date=12 June 2022|work=[[France 24]]|agency=[[Agence France-Presse]]|date=11 June 2022}}</ref><ref name="dw-dismissed">{{cite news|title=Cristiano Ronaldo: US judge dismisses Las Vegas rape lawsuit|url=https://www.dw.com/en/cristiano-ronaldo-us-judge-dismisses-las-vegas-rape-lawsuit/a-62102311|access-date=12 June 2022|work=[[Deutsche Welle]]|date=11 June 2022}}</ref> === Politics === [[File:President_Donald_Trump_meets_with_Cristiano_Ronaldo_in_the_Oval_Office_(54933344262).jpg|thumb|Ronaldo plus U.S. Presido [[Donald Trump]] at de White House insyd 2025]] Insyd an interview plus [[Piers Morgan]] insyd early November 2025, Ronaldo state a wish to meet plus U.S. presido [[Donald Trump]]. "''I wish one day to meet him [and] sit with him because he's one of the [people] that I really like''," Ronaldo say. Widout endorsing any political agenda, Ronaldo talk say a potential meeting plus Trump go revolve around Ronaldo ein desire for world peace.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Siwak |first=Miranda |date=6 November 2025 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo Explains Why He Wants to Meet Donald Trump |url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/cristiano-ronaldo-explains-why-he-wants-to-meet-donald-trump/ |access-date=7 November 2025 |website=Us Weekly |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wy04CeNcy44 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo x Piers Morgan Part 2 {{!}} On Trump, Jota, World Cup & More |date=6 November 2025 |last=Piers Morgan Uncensored |access-date=7 November 2025 |via=YouTube}}</ref> On 18 November, Ronaldo den ein fiancée Georgina meet Trump at de White House. Later insyd de day, Ronaldo attend a dinner at de White House, along plus Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, FIFA presido [[Gianni Infantino]], den dozens of business leaders den billionaires. ==Career statistics== ===Club=== {{updated|match played 21 August 2026}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.worldfootball.net/person/pe18623/cristiano-ronaldo/club-matches/ |title=Cristiano Ronaldo » Club matches |website=WorldFootball.net |date=11 September 2024 |access-date=23 November 2024}}</ref><ref name=SW>{{Soccerway|382|access-date=23 November 2024}}</ref> {| class="wikitable nowrap" style="text-align:center" |+ Appearances den goals by club, season den competition !rowspan=2|Club !rowspan=2|Season !colspan=3|League !colspan=2|National cup{{efn|Includes [[Taça de Portugal]], [[FA Cup]], [[Copa del Rey]], [[Coppa Italia]], [[King's Cup (Saudi Arabia)|King's Cup]]}} !colspan=2|League cup{{efn|Includes [[Football League Cup]]}} !colspan=2|Continental !colspan=2|Oda !colspan=2|Total |- !Division||Apps||Goals||Apps||Goals||Apps||Goals||Apps||Goals||Apps||Goals||Apps||Goals |- |[[Sporting CP B]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.national-football-teams.com/club/8718/2002_1/Sporting_Lisboa_B.html |title=Sporting Lisboa B (02/03) |website=National Football Teams |access-date=5 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201205105813/https://www.national-football-teams.com/club/8718/2002_1/Sporting_Lisboa_B.html |archive-date=5 December 2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=SportingCPB>{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/51516799 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Juventus forward scores on 1,000th senior appearance |work=BBC Sport |date=22 February 2020 |access-date=7 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223003607/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/51516799 |archive-date=23 February 2020}}</ref> |[[2002–03 Segunda Divisão B|2002–03]] |[[Segunda Divisão|Segunda Divisão B]] |2||0||colspan=2|—||colspan=2|—||colspan=2|—||colspan=2|—||2||0 |- |[[Sporting CP]] |[[2002–03 Sporting CP season|2002–03]] |[[Primeira Liga]] |25||3||3||2||colspan=2|—||3{{efn|One appearance in [[UEFA Champions League]], two appearances in [[UEFA Cup]]}}||0||colspan="2"|—||31||5 |- |rowspan=7|[[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] |[[2003–04 Manchester United F.C. season|2003–04]] |[[Premier League]] |29||4||5||2||1||0||5{{efn|name=UCL|Appearances in [[UEFA Champions League]]}}||0||0||0||40||6 |- |[[2004–05 Manchester United F.C. season|2004–05]] |Premier League |33||5||7||4||2||0||8{{efn|name=UCL}}||0||0||0||50||9 |- |[[2005–06 Manchester United F.C. season|2005–06]] |Premier League |33||9||2||0||4||2||8{{efn|name=UCL}}||1||colspan=2|—||47||12 |- |[[2006–07 Manchester United F.C. season|2006–07]] |Premier League |34||17||7||3||1||0||11{{efn|name=UCL}}||3||colspan=2|—||53||23 |- |[[2007–08 Manchester United F.C. season|2007–08]] |Premier League |34||31||3||3||0||0||11{{efn|name=UCL}}||8||1{{efn|name="CS"|Appearance in [[FA Community Shield]]}}||0||49||42 |- |[[2008–09 Manchester United F.C. season|2008–09]] |Premier League |33||18||2||1||4||2||12{{efn|name=UCL}}||4||2{{efn|name="FCW"|Appearances in [[FIFA Club World Cup]]}}||1||53||26 |- !colspan="2"|Total !196!!84!!26!!13!!12!!4!!55!!16!!3!!1!!292!!118 |- |rowspan="10"|[[Real Madrid CF|Real Madrid]] |[[2009–10 Real Madrid CF season|2009–10]] |[[La Liga]] |29||26||0||0||colspan="2"|—||6{{efn|name=UCL}}||7||colspan=2|—||35||33 |- |[[2010–11 Real Madrid CF season|2010–11]] |La Liga |34||40{{efn|Does not include one goal scored on 18 September 2010 against [[Real Sociedad]]. ''[[Marca (newspaper)|Marca]]'', which awards the [[Pichichi Trophy]], attribute it to Ronaldo, while La Liga and UEFA attribute it to [[Pepe (footballer, born 1983)|Pepe]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=Pepe's goal is awarded to Cristiano Ronaldo |url=http://www.marca.com/2010/09/18/futbol/1adivision/1284847182.html |work=Marca |date=18 September 2010 |access-date=4 December 2010 |language=es |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101112084933/http://www.marca.com/2010/09/18/futbol/1adivision/1284847182.html |archive-date=12 November 2010}}</ref>|name=goal}} ||8||7||colspan="2"|—||12{{efn|name=UCL}}||6||colspan="2"|—||54||53 |- |[[2011–12 Real Madrid CF season|2011–12]] |La Liga |38||46||5||3||colspan="2"|—||10{{efn|name=UCL}}||10||2{{efn|name="SCE"|Appearances in [[Supercopa de España]]}}||1||55||60 |- |[[2012–13 Real Madrid CF season|2012–13]] |La Liga |34||34||7||7||colspan="2"|—||12{{efn|name=UCL}}||12||2{{efn|name="SCE"}}||2||55||55 |- |[[2013–14 Real Madrid CF season|2013–14]] |La Liga |30||31||6||3||colspan="2"|—||11{{efn|name=UCL}}||17||colspan="2"|—||47||51 |- |[[2014–15 Real Madrid CF season|2014–15]] |La Liga |35||48||2||1||colspan="2"|—||12{{efn|name=UCL}}||10||5{{efn|One appearance and two goals in [[UEFA Super Cup]], two appearances in [[Supercopa de España]], two appearances in [[FIFA Club World Cup]]}}||2||54||61 |- |[[2015–16 Real Madrid CF season|2015–16]] |La Liga |36||35||0||0||colspan="2"|—||12{{efn|name=UCL}}||16||colspan="2"|—||48||51 |- |[[2016–17 Real Madrid CF season|2016–17]] |La Liga |29||25||2||1||colspan="2"|—||13{{efn|name=UCL}}||12||2{{efn|name="FCW"}}||4||46||42 |- |[[2017–18 Real Madrid CF season|2017–18]] |La Liga |27||26||0||0||colspan="2"|—||13{{efn|name=UCL}}||15||4{{efn|One appearance in [[UEFA Super Cup]], one appearance and one goal in [[Supercopa de España]], two appearances and two goals in [[FIFA Club World Cup]]}}||3||44||44 |- !colspan=2|Total !292!!311!!30!!22!!0!!0!!101!!105!!15!!12!!438!!450 |- |rowspan="5"|[[Juventus FC|Juventus]] |[[2018–19 Juventus FC season|2018–19]] |[[Serie A]] |31||21||2||0||colspan="2"|—||9{{efn|name=UCL}}||6||1{{efn|name="SI"|Appearance in [[Supercoppa Italiana]]}}||1||43||28 |- |[[2019–20 Juventus FC season|2019–20]] |Serie A |33||31||4||2||colspan="2"|—||8{{efn|name=UCL}}||4||1{{efn|name="SI"}}||0||46||37 |- |[[2020–21 Juventus FC season|2020–21]] |Serie A |33||29||4||2||colspan="2"|—||6{{efn|name=UCL}}||4||1{{efn|name="SI"}}||1||44||36 |- |[[2021–22 Juventus FC season|2021–22]] |Serie A |1||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||1||0 |- !colspan="2"|Total !98!!81!!10!!4!!0!!0!!23!!14!!3!!2!!134!!101 |- |rowspan="3"|[[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] |[[2021–22 Manchester United F.C. season|2021–22]] |Premier League |30||18||1||0||0||0||7{{efn|name=UCL}}||6||colspan="2"|—||38||24 |- |[[2022–23 Manchester United F.C. season|2022–23]] |Premier League |10||1||colspan="2"|—||0||0||6{{efn|Appearances in [[UEFA Europa League]]}}||2||colspan=2|—||16||3 |- !colspan="2"|Total !40!!19!!1!!0!!0!!0!!13!!8!!0!!0!!54!!27 |- |rowspan="6"|[[Al-Nassr FC|Al-Nassr]] |[[2022–23 Al-Nassr FC season|2022–23]] |[[Saudi Pro League]] |16||14||2||0||colspan="2"|—||colspan="2"|—||1{{efn|name=SSP|Appearance(s) in [[Saudi Super Cup]]}}||0||19||14 |- |[[2023–24 Al Nassr FC season|2023–24]] |Saudi Pro League |31||35||4||3||colspan="2"|—||9{{efn|Appearances in [[AFC Champions League]]}}||6||7{{efn|Six appearances and six goals in [[Arab Club Champions Cup]], one appearance in [[Saudi Super Cup]]}}||6||51||50 |- |[[2024–25 Al-Nassr FC season|2024–25]] |Saudi Pro League |30||25||1||0||colspan="2"|—||8{{efn|name=ACL|Appearances in AFC Champions League Elite}}||8||2{{efn|name=SSP}}||2||41||35 |- |[[2025–26 Al-Nassr FC season|2025–26]] |Saudi Pro League |30||28||1||0||colspan="2"|—||4{{efn|Appearances in [[AFC Champions League Two]]}}||1||2{{efn|name=SSP}}||1||37||30 |- |[[2026–27 Al-Nassr FC season|2026–27]] |Saudi Pro League |1||1||0||0||colspan="2"|—||0||0||0||0||1||1 |- !colspan="2"|Total !108!!103!!8!!3!!0!!0!!21!!15!!12!!9!!149!!130 |- !colspan="3"|Career total !761!!601!!78!!44!!12!!4!!216!!158!!33!!24!!1,100!!831 |} <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"><ref name="ref">{{cite magazine |date=January 2007 |title=The Winners |magazine=World Soccer |pages=26–27}}</ref></div> ===International=== {{updated|match played 6 July 2026}}<ref name="FPF">{{cite web|url=https://www.fpf.pt/Jogadores/Cristiano-Ronaldo|title=Cristiano Ronaldo|publisher=[[Portuguese Football Federation]]|language=pt|access-date=16 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260410151235/https://www.fpf.pt/Jogadores/Cristiano-Ronaldo|archive-date=10 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Cristiano Ronaldo |url=https://eu-football.info/_player.php?id=24753 |website=eu-football.info |access-date=16 November 2024}}</ref> {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+ Appearances den goals by national team, year den competition |- !rowspan=2|Team !rowspan=2|Year !colspan=2|Competitive !colspan=2|Friendly !colspan=2|Total |- !Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- |[[Portugal national under-15 football team|Portugal U15]] |2001 |2<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[2001 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival]].</ref> |1 |7 |6 |9 |7 |- |rowspan=3|[[Portugal national under-17 football team|Portugal U17]] |2001 |colspan=2|— |3 |2 |3 |2 |- |2002 |4<ref group="lower-alpha">Two appearances and three goals in the 2002 UEFA European Under-17 Championship qualification, two appearances in the [[2002 UEFA European Under-17 Championship]].</ref> |3 |colspan=2|— |4 |3 |- !Total !4 !3 !3 !2 !7 !5 |- |{{nobr|[[Portugal national under-20 football team|Portugal U20]]}} |2003 |colspan=2|— |5<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[2003 Toulon Tournament]].</ref> |1 |5 |1 |- |rowspan=3|[[Portugal national under-21 football team|Portugal U21]] |2002 |0 |0 |1 |1 |1 |1 |- |2003 |7<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[2004 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification]].</ref> |2 |2 |0 |9 |2 |- !Total !7 !2 !3 !1 !10 !3 |- |[[Portugal national under-23 football team|Portugal U23]] |2004 |2<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[Football at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament|2004 Summer Olympics]].</ref> |1 |1 |1 |3 |2 |- | rowspan="25" |[[Portugal national football team|Portugal]] |2003 |colspan=2|— |2 |0 |2 |0 |- |2004 |11<ref group="lower-alpha">Six appearances and two goals in [[UEFA Euro 2004]], five appearances and five goals in the [[2006 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2006 FIFA World Cup qualification]].</ref> |7 |5 |0 |16 |7 |- |2005 |7<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[2006 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2006 FIFA World Cup qualification]].</ref> |2 |4 |0 |11 |2 |- |2006 |10<ref group="lower-alpha">Six appearances and one goal in the [[2006 FIFA World Cup]], four appearances and three goals in the [[UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying]].</ref> |4 |4 |2 |14 |6 |- |2007 |9<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying]].</ref> |5 |1 |0 |10 |5 |- |2008 |5<ref group="lower-alpha">Three appearances and one goal in [[UEFA Euro 2008]], two appearances in the [[2010 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2010 FIFA World Cup qualification]].</ref> |1 |3 |0 |8 |1 |- |2009 |5<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[2010 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2010 FIFA World Cup qualification]].</ref> |0 |2 |1 |7 |1 |- |2010 |6<ref group="lower-alpha">Four appearances and one goal in the [[2010 FIFA World Cup]], two appearances and two goals in the [[UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying]].</ref> |3 |5 |0 |11 |3 |- |2011 |6<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying]].</ref> |5 |2 |2 |8 |7 |- |2012 |9<ref group="lower-alpha">Five appearances and three goals in [[UEFA Euro 2012]], four appearances and one goal in the [[2014 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2014 FIFA World Cup qualification]].</ref> |4 |4 |1 |13 |5 |- |2013 |6<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[2014 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2014 FIFA World Cup qualification]].</ref> |7 |3 |3 |9 |10 |- |2014 |5<ref group="lower-alpha">Three appearances and one goal in the [[2014 FIFA World Cup]], two appearances and two goals in the [[UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying]].</ref> |3 |4 |2 |9 |5 |- |2015 |4<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying]].</ref> |3 |1 |0 |5 |3 |- |2016 |10<ref group="lower-alpha">Seven appearances and three goals in [[UEFA Euro 2016]], three appearances and seven goals in the [[2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2018 FIFA World Cup qualification]].</ref> |10 |3 |3 |13 |13 |- |2017 |10<ref group="lower-alpha">Six appearances and eight goals in the [[2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2018 FIFA World Cup qualification]], four appearances and two goals in the [[2017 FIFA Confederations Cup]].</ref> |10 |1 |1 |11 |11 |- |2018 |4<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[2018 FIFA World Cup]].</ref> |4 |3 |2 |7 |6 |- |2019 |10<ref group="lower-alpha">Eight appearances and eleven goals in the [[UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying]], two appearances and three goals in the [[2019 UEFA Nations League Finals]].</ref> |14 |colspan=2|— |10 |14 |- |2020 |4<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[2020–21 UEFA Nations League]].</ref> |2 |2 |1 |6 |3 |- |2021 |11<ref group="lower-alpha">Seven appearances and six goals in the [[2022 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2022 FIFA World Cup qualification]], four appearances and five goals in [[UEFA Euro 2020]].</ref> |11 |3 |2 |14 |13 |- |2022 |12<ref group="lower-alpha">Two appearances in the [[2022 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)|2022 FIFA World Cup qualification]], five appearances and two goals in the [[2022–23 UEFA Nations League]], five appearances and one goal in the [[2022 FIFA World Cup]].</ref> |3 |colspan=2|— |12 |3 |- |2023 |9<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying]].</ref> |10 |colspan=2|— |9 |10 |- |2024 |10<ref group="lower-alpha">Five appearances in the [[UEFA Euro 2024]], five appearances and five goals in the [[2024–25 UEFA Nations League]].</ref> |5 |2 |2 |12 |7 |- |2025 |9<ref group="lower-alpha">Four appearances and three goals in the [[2024–25 UEFA Nations League]], five appearances and five goals in the [[2026 FIFA World Cup qualification]].</ref> |8 |0 |0 |9 |8 |- |2026 |5<ref group="lower-alpha">Appearances in the [[2026 FIFA World Cup]].</ref> |3 |2 |0 |7 |3 |- !Total !177 !124 !56 !22 !233 !146 |- !colspan=2|Career total !192 !131 !75 !33 !267 !164 |} '''Notes''' <templatestyles src="Reflist/styles.css" /><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"><references group="lower-alpha" /></div> == Honours == === Collective awards === {{Sticky header}} {| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" |- ! scope="col" width=5%|Season / year ! scope="col" style="width:14%;"|Competition ! scope="col" style="width:10%;"|Club / national team ! scope="col" width=5%|Ref(s) |- |[[2002 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira|2002]] |[[Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira]] |Sporting CP |<ref name=Juve>{{cite web|url=https://www.juventus.com/en/teams/first-team/forwards/cristiano-ronaldo/index.php |title=Cristiano Ronaldo |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190604100358/https://www.juventus.com/en/teams/first-team/forwards/cristiano-ronaldo/index.php |archive-date=4 June 2019 |website=Juventus.com |publisher=Juventus Football Club }}</ref> |- |[[2003–04 FA Cup|2003–04]] |[[FA Cup]] |Manchester United |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[UEFA Euro 2004|2004]] |style="background:#DCE5E5"|[[UEFA European Championship]] runner-up |Portugal |{{sfn|Oldfield|2009|loc=Euro 2004: LIVING THE DREAM}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/season=2004/matches/round=1623/match=1059194/index.html|title=UEFA EURO 2004 - History - Portugal-Greece – UEFA.com|website=[[UEFA]]|date=4 July 2004|publisher=Union of European Football Associations (UEFA)|access-date=4 June 2017|archive-date=12 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140112125952/http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/season=2004/matches/round=1623/match=1059194/index.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[2004–05 FA Cup|2004–05]] |style="background:#DCE5E5"|[[FA Cup]] runner-up |rowspan="2"|Manchester United |{{sfn|Oldfield|2009|loc=Euro 2004: LIVING THE DREAM}} |- |[[2005–06 Football League Cup|2005–06]] |[[EFL Cup|Football League Cup]] |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2006 FIFA World Cup|2006]] |style="background:#99FFFF"|[[FIFA World Cup]] fourth place |Portugal |<ref>{{cite news |title= 2006 FIFA World Cup Germany ™ {{!}} Portugal |url= https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/germany2006/teams/team=43963/players.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150914172613/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/germany2006/teams/team=43963/players.html |url-status= dead |archive-date= September 14, 2015 |work=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) |access-date=19 March 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Germany 2006: The final ranking |url= https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y=2006/m=7/news=germany-2006-the-final-ranking-21411.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151121072428/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/news/y=2006/m=7/news=germany-2006-the-final-ranking-21411.html |url-status= dead |archive-date= November 21, 2015 |work=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) |date=9 July 2006 |access-date=19 March 2018 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=2006 FIFA World Cup Germany ™ {{!}} Awards |url=https://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/germany2006/awards/index.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070603190545/http://www.fifa.com/worldcup/archive/germany2006/awards/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 3, 2007 |work=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) |access-date=19 March 2018 }}</ref> |- |[[2006–07 FA Premier League|2006–07]] |[[Premier League]] |rowspan="9"|Manchester United |<ref name=CR7onPL.com>{{cite web |url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/2522/Cristiano-Ronaldo/overview |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Overview |publisher=Premier League |access-date=12 May 2022 |archive-date=17 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417224152/https://www.premierleague.com/players/2522/Cristiano-Ronaldo/overview |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2006–07 FA Cup|2006–07]] |style="background:#DCE5E5"|[[FA Cup]] runner-up |{{sfn|Oldfield|2009|loc=CHAMPIONS AT LAST}} |- |[[2007 FA Community Shield|2007]] |[[FA Community Shield]] |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2007–08 Premier League|2007–08]] |[[Premier League]] |<ref name=CR7onPL.com /><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2007–08 UEFA Champions League|2007–08]] |[[UEFA Champions League]] |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2008 FIFA Club World Cup|2008]] |[[FIFA Club World Cup]] |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2008–09 Premier League|2008–09]] |[[Premier League]] |<ref name=CR7onPL.com /><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2008–09 Football League Cup|2008–09]] |[[EFL Cup|Football League Cup]] |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2008–09 UEFA Champions League|2008–09]] |style="background:#DCE5E5"|[[UEFA Champions League]] runner-up |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2010–11 Copa del Rey|2010–11]] |[[Copa del Rey]] |rowspan="3"|Real Madrid |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.uefa.com/news/01f0-0e77f1d6d2dd-c97c07dcf26b-1000--ronaldo-heads-madrid-to-copa-del-rey-glory/ |date=20 April 2011 |title=Ronaldo heads Madrid to Copa del Rey glory |access-date=22 November 2019 |website=[[UEFA]] |publisher=Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) |archive-date=23 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923111721/http://www.uefa.com/memberassociations/news/newsid=1622110.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2011 Supercopa de España|2011]] |style="background:#DCE5E5"|[[Supercopa de España]] runner-up |<ref>{{cite web |author1=José Vicente Tejedor Carnicero |author2=Raúl Torre |author3=Carles Lozano Ferrer |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tabless/spansupcuphist.html |title=Spain - List of Super Cup Finals § 2011 |date=28 January 2021 |access-date=20 May 2021 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation (RSSSF) |archive-date=21 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160521050006/http://www.rsssf.com/tabless/spansupcuphist.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[2011–12 La Liga|2011–12]] |[[La Liga]] |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[UEFA Euro 2012|2012]] |style="background:#FFDF9F"|[[UEFA European Championship]] bronze medal |Portugal |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/MultimediaFiles/Download/competitions/euro/91/87/57/918757_download.pdf|title=UEFA Euro 2012 Poland-Ukraine|website=[[UEFA]]|publisher=Union of European Football Associations (UEFA)|access-date=6 March 2020|archive-date=15 February 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100215034039/https://www.uefa.com/multimediafiles/download/competitions/euro/91/87/57/918757_download.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><!--Though there was no third place playoff, UEFA decided in the 2012 edition to award the semi-final losers (Germany and Portugal) bronze medals for the first time: https://www.uefa.com/MultimediaFiles/Download/competitions/euro/91/87/57/918757_download.pdf--> |- |[[2012 Supercopa de España|2012]] |[[Supercopa de España]] |rowspan="8"|Real Madrid |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2012–13 Copa del Rey|2012–13]] |style="background:#DCE5E5"|[[Copa del Rey]] runner-up |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1644980-cristiano-ronaldo-exit-talk-is-ridiculous-after-one-trophy-less-season |title=Cristiano Ronaldo Exit Talk Is Ridiculous After One Trophy-Less Season |access-date=23 December 2019 |work=[[Bleacher Report]] |last=Talintyre |first=Dan |quote=[Ronaldo], per se, hasn't done anything wrong, and if Los Blancos had any sort of solidity at the back or another world-class striker to play alongside him, they likely would have won something this year. Something other than a runners-up medal, that is, which some of the Madrid players (including Ronaldo) didn't even come to collect, per 101 Great Goals. |archive-date=23 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191223123418/https://bleacherreport.com/articles/1644980-cristiano-ronaldo-exit-talk-is-ridiculous-after-one-trophy-less-season |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[2013–14 Copa del Rey|2013–14]] |[[Copa del Rey]] |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2013–14 UEFA Champions League|2013–14]] |[[UEFA Champions League]] |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2014 UEFA Super Cup|2014]] |[[UEFA Super Cup]] |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefasupercup/news/0250-0c510494bb39-09161ccb7dd2-1000--ronaldo-fires-madrid-to-super-cup-glory/ |date=12 August 2014 |title=Ronaldo fires Madrid to Super Cup glory |access-date=11 May 2017 |website=[[UEFA]] |quote=Cristiano Ronaldo scored both goals as the UEFA Champions League holders added the UEFA Super Cup to their recent trophy haul. |last=Hart |first=Simon |location=Cardiff City Stadium |publisher=Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) |archive-date=15 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161015054040/http://www.uefa.com/uefasupercup/season=2014/matches/round=2000553/match=2014109/postmatch/report/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2014 Supercopa de España|2014]] |style="background:#DCE5E5"|[[Supercopa de España]] runner-up |<ref>{{cite web |author1=José Vicente Tejedor Carnicero |author2=Raúl Torre |author3=Carles Lozano Ferrer |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tabless/spansupcuphist.html |title=Spain - List of Super Cup Finals § 2014 |date=28 January 2021 |access-date=20 May 2021 |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation (RSSSF) |archive-date=21 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160521050006/http://www.rsssf.com/tabless/spansupcuphist.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[2014 FIFA Club World Cup|2014]] |[[FIFA Club World Cup]] |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2015–16 UEFA Champions League|2015–16]] |[[UEFA Champions League]] |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/022d-0e957d38fb34-c75d0730ecc7-1000--ronaldo-i-knew-i-would-score-madrid-s-winner/ |date=29 May 2016 |title=Ronaldo: I knew I would score Madrid's winner |access-date=17 November 2019 |website=[[UEFA]] |last=Haslam |first=Andrew |publisher=Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) |archive-date=2 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102082835/https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid%3D2369529.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.managingmadrid.com/2016/5/28/11806276/cristiano-ronaldos-penalty-wins-the-champions-league-for-real-madrid |date=28 May 2016 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's penalty wins the Champions League for Real Madrid |access-date=24 November 2019 |work=Managing Madrid |last=Usry |first=Rob |archive-date=9 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209130412/https://www.managingmadrid.com/2016/5/28/11806276/cristiano-ronaldos-penalty-wins-the-champions-league-for-real-madrid |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/may/29/champions-league-final-ronaldo-feeling-winner |date=29 May 2016 |title=Champions League final: Ronaldo 'had feeling' he would score winner |access-date=24 November 2019 |website=[[The Guardian]] |last=Lowe |first=Sid |author-link=Sid Lowe |location=Milan |archive-date=9 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209130524/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/may/29/champions-league-final-ronaldo-feeling-winner |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/05/27/cristiano-ronaldo-in-the-champions-league-final-what-should-we-e/ |date=28 May 2016 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo has last laugh in the Champions League final after fans mocked Real Madrid's 'missing' man |access-date=24 November 2019 |newspaper=The Telegraph |author=Telegraph Sport |archive-date=9 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209130425/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2016/05/27/cristiano-ronaldo-in-the-champions-league-final-what-should-we-e/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[UEFA Euro 2016|2016]] |bgcolor="#FFD700"|[[UEFA European Championship]] |Portugal |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/jul/10/france-portugal-euro-2016-match-report |date=10 July 2016 |title=Portugal beat France to win Euro 2016 final with Éder's extra-time goal |access-date=11 May 2017 |website=[[The Guardian]] |quote=Cristiano Ronaldo and his Portugal team-mates celebrate with the European Championship trophy after their 1-0 win against France in 2016 |last=Taylor |first=Daniel |author-link=Daniel Taylor (journalist) |location=Stade de France |archive-date=5 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191205223130/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/jul/10/france-portugal-euro-2016-match-report |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Kuper |first=Simon |author-link=Simon Kuper |url=https://global.espn.com/football/story/_/id/37452145/portugal-deserved-euro-2016-victory-honours-their-great-teams-past |date=12 July 2016 |title=Portugal deserved to win Euro 2016 given their great teams of the past |access-date=18 November 2019 |website=[[ESPN]] |location=Paris |archive-date=31 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190831061513/https://global.espn.com/football/european-championship/74/blog/post/2911480/portugal-deserved-euro-2016-victory-as-it-honours-their-great-teams-of-the-past |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=McNulty |first=Phil |author-link=Phil McNulty |title=Euro 2016: Cristiano Ronaldo becomes true great with Portugal win |date=11 July 2016 |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/36761007 |access-date=18 November 2019 |work=[[BBC Online]] |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |archive-date=10 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410033353/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/36761007 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Bell |first=Arch |title=Portugal win it for Ronaldo |date=10 July 2016 |url=https://www.marca.com/en/football/national-teams/2016/07/10/5782c0b0e2704eb26a8b45d8.html |access-date=18 November 2019 |work=Marca |archive-date=9 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209130431/https://www.marca.com/en/football/national-teams/2016/07/10/5782c0b0e2704eb26a8b45d8.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Boren |first=Cindy |title=Portugal, Cristiano Ronaldo celebrate Euro 2016 victory |date=11 July 2016 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/early-lead/wp/2016/07/11/portugal-cristiano-ronaldo-celebrate-euro-2016-victory/ |access-date=18 November 2019 |newspaper=The Washington Post |archive-date=9 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209134212/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/early-lead/wp/2016/07/11/portugal-cristiano-ronaldo-celebrate-euro-2016-victory/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2016 FIFA Club World Cup|2016]] |[[FIFA Club World Cup]] |rowspan="3"|Real Madrid |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/dec/18/real-madrid-kashima-antlers-club-world-cup-final-match-report-cristiano-ronaldo |date=18 December 2016 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo hat-trick wins Club World Cup for Real Madrid after scare |access-date=17 November 2019 |website=[[The Guardian]] |agency=Reuters |archive-date=17 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191117103033/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/dec/18/real-madrid-kashima-antlers-club-world-cup-final-match-report-cristiano-ronaldo |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2016–17 La Liga|2016–17]] |[[La Liga]] |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles |title=Cristiano Ronaldo Scores as Real Madrid Win La Liga After Victory over Malaga |access-date=24 November 2019 |work=[[Bleacher Report]] |last=Dudko |first=James |archive-date=20 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170120084149/http://bleacherreport.com/articles |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2016–17 UEFA Champions League|2016–17]] |[[UEFA Champions League]] |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/jun/03/juventus-real-madrid-champions-league-final-match-report |date=3 June 2017 |title=Real Madrid win Champions League as Cristiano Ronaldo double defeats Juve |access-date=24 November 2019 |website=[[The Guardian]] |last=Taylor |first=Daniel |author-link=Daniel Taylor (journalist) |location=Millennium Stadium |archive-date=3 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170603205009/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/jun/03/juventus-real-madrid-champions-league-final-match-report |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2017 FIFA Confederations Cup|2017]] |style="background:#FFDF9F"|[[FIFA Confederations Cup]] third place |Portugal |<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FCC/2017/PDF/FCC_2017_SQUADLISTS.PDF |title=FIFA Confederations Cup Russia 2017: List of Players |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) |date=20 March 2018 |access-date=15 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170724170755/http://tournament.fifadata.com/documents/FCC/2017/PDF/FCC_2017_SQUADLISTS.PDF |archive-date=24 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.espnfc.com/portugal/story/3150221/cristiano-ronaldo-leaves-confederations-cup-to-meet-his-new-twins |title=Cristiano Ronaldo confirms birth of twins, leaves Portugal at Confed Cup |work=[[ESPN FC]] |date=29 June 2017 |access-date=15 June 2019 |last=Corrigan |first=Dermot |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702045441/http://www.espnfc.com/portugal/story/3150221/cristiano-ronaldo-leaves-confederations-cup-to-meet-his-new-twins |archive-date=2 July 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fifa.com/confederationscup/matches/round=274643/match=300334886/match-report.html |title=Portugal come from behind to finish third |website=FIFA.com |publisher=Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) |date=2 July 2017 |access-date=15 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702174315/http://www.fifa.com/confederationscup/matches/round=274643/match=300334886/match-report.html |archive-date=2 July 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |- |[[2017 UEFA Super Cup|2017]] |[[UEFA Super Cup]] |rowspan="4"|Real Madrid |<ref>{{cite web |first=Shamoon |last=Hafez |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/live/football/40646485 |date=8 August 2017 |title=FT: Real Madrid 2-1 Manchester United plus EFL Cup updates |access-date=11 May 2017 |work=[[BBC Online]] |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |archive-date=27 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190627215252/https://www.bbc.com/sport/live/football/40646485 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Jonathan |last=Jurejko |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40788621 |date=8 August 2017 |title=Real Madrid 2–1 Manchester United |access-date=11 May 2017 |work=[[BBC Online]] |publisher=[[BBC Sport]] |archive-date=27 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190627212143/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/40788621 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2017 Supercopa de España|2017]] |[[Supercopa de España]] |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2017 FIFA Club World Cup|2017]] |[[FIFA Club World Cup]] |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0240-0e9824c8d4e7-6eab86d1288c-1000--ronaldo-strike-wins-the-club-world-cup-for-real-madrid/ |date=16 December 2017 |title=Ronaldo strike wins the Club World Cup for Real Madrid |access-date=17 November 2019 |website=[[UEFA]] |publisher=Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) |archive-date=8 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200108150611/https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/newsid%3D2526516.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2017–18 UEFA Champions League|2017–18]] |[[UEFA Champions League]] |<ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2018 Supercoppa Italiana|2018]] |[[Supercoppa Italiana]] |rowspan="2"|Juventus |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2816026-cristiano-ronaldo-wins-1st-juventus-trophy-scores-in-super-cup-against-milan|title=Cristiano Ronaldo Wins 1st Juventus Trophy, Scores in Super Cup Against Milan|work=[[Bleacher Report]]|first=Gianni|last=Verschueren|date=16 January 2019|access-date=16 January 2019|archive-date=3 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190203113002/https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2816026-cristiano-ronaldo-wins-1st-juventus-trophy-scores-in-super-cup-against-milan|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/live/2019/jan/16/juventus-v-milan-supercoppa-italiana-live|title=Juventus 1-0 Milan: Supercoppa Italiana - as it happened|website=[[The Guardian]]|first=Simon|last=Burnton|date=16 January 2019|access-date=16 January 2019|archive-date=12 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412120628/https://www.theguardian.com/football/live/2019/jan/16/juventus-v-milan-supercoppa-italiana-live|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/46897172|title=Juventus 1-0 AC Milan: Cristiano Ronaldo header wins Supercoppa for Juve|publisher=[[BBC Sport]]|work=[[BBC Online]]|date=16 January 2019|access-date=16 January 2019|archive-date=10 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190310174046/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/46897172|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ansa.it/english/news/politics/2019/01/17/ronaldo-wins-first-trophy-with-juve_d2c819b3-ab29-469b-9cf6-9c7d5bdeb919.html|title=Ronaldo wins first trophy with Juve|publisher=Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata (ANSA)|location=Turin|date=17 January 2019|access-date=24 November 2019|archive-date=9 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209132954/http://www.ansa.it/english/news/politics/2019/01/17/ronaldo-wins-first-trophy-with-juve_d2c819b3-ab29-469b-9cf6-9c7d5bdeb919.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2018–19 Serie A|2018–19]] |[[Serie A]] |<ref>{{cite news|agency=Reuters|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/apr/20/juventus-two-serie-a-titles-one-day-men-women|title=Juventus win two Serie A titles in one day as men and women triumph|website=[[The Guardian]]|date=20 April 2019|access-date=20 April 2019|archive-date=22 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722061742/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/apr/20/juventus-two-serie-a-titles-one-day-men-women|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/47999028|title=Juventus 2-1 Fiorentina: Juventus seal eighth straight title|work=[[BBC Online]]|publisher=BBC Sport|date=20 April 2019|access-date=20 April 2019|archive-date=20 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420205403/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/47999028|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2019/04/20/football/juventus-champions-serie-a-cristiano-ronaldo-spt-intl/index.html|title=Juventus crowned Serie A champions as Cristiano Ronaldo makes history|website=[[CNN.com]]|date=22 April 2019|access-date=24 November 2019|archive-date=27 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827164740/https://edition.cnn.com/2019/04/20/football/juventus-champions-serie-a-cristiano-ronaldo-spt-intl/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Juve /> |- |[[2018–19 UEFA Nations League|2018–19]] |bgcolor="#FFD700"|[[UEFA Nations League]] |Portugal |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefanationsleague/news/0253-0d821b9c4fe5-f6f1c86f103a-1000--cristiano-ronaldo-on-winning-nations-league-on-home-soil/|title=Cristiano Ronaldo on winning Nations League on home soil|date=9 June 2019|access-date=15 June 2019|website=[[UEFA]]|publisher=Union of European Football Associations (UEFA)|location=[[Porto]], [[Portugal]]|first=Carlos|last=Machado|archive-date=2 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702152238/https://www.uefa.com/uefanationsleague/news/newsid=2609771.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |[[2019 Supercoppa Italiana|2019]] |style="background:#DCE5E5"|[[Supercoppa Italiana]] runner-up |rowspan="5"|Juventus |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/cristiano-ronaldo-quickly-takes-off-his-silver-medal-after-juventus-loses-italian-super-cup-1673542|title=Cristiano Ronaldo quickly takes off his silver medal after Juventus loses Italian Super Cup|date=23 December 2019|access-date=27 January 2020|work=[[International Business Times]]|first=Aakash|last=Chatterjee|archive-date=26 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126221749/https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/cristiano-ronaldo-quickly-takes-off-his-silver-medal-after-juventus-loses-italian-super-cup-1673542|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.espn.com.ec/video/clip/_/id/6452446|title=Cristiano no aguantó la bronca y se sacó la medalla de subcampeón|trans-title=Cristiano did not hold back his anger and removed his runners-up medal|language=es|date=22 December 2019|access-date=23 December 2019|publisher=ESPN|medium=News clip|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191225202610/https://www.espn.com.ec/video/clip/_/id/6452446|archive-date=25 December 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[2019–20 Coppa Italia|2019–20]] |style="background:#DCE5E5"|[[Coppa Italia]] runner-up |<ref>{{cite web|last=Wittenberg|first=Daniel|title=Cristiano Ronaldo's sister hits out at Maurizio Sarri after Juventus' Coppa Italia defeat|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/cristiano-ronaldos-sister-hits-out-22216609|work=Daily Mirror|date=19 June 2020|access-date=24 June 2020|quote=In a post accompanied by a series of photos of her brother looking forlornly at his runners-up medal in an empty Stadio Olimpico, Aveiro wrote: 'What more can you do? You did everything you could, my darling. You can't work miracles by yourself. I don't understand how they can play like this. Anyway, keep your chin up, but you can't do it all, my king.'|archive-date=31 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731112656/https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/cristiano-ronaldos-sister-hits-out-22216609|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.football-italia.net/154624/coppa-napoli-beat-juventus-penalties|title=Coppa: Napoli beat Juventus on penalties|publisher=Football Italia|date=17 June 2020|access-date=17 June 2020|archive-date=17 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617230723/https://www.football-italia.net/154624/coppa-napoli-beat-juventus-penalties|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |[[2019–20 Serie A|2019–20]] |[[Serie A]] |<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/jul/26/juventus-claim-ninth-title-in-a-row-as-ronaldo-sets-up-win-over-sampdoria|title=Juventus claim ninth title in a row as Ronaldo sets up win over Sampdoria|work=The Guardian|date=26 July 2020|access-date=26 July 2020|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728143458/https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/jul/26/juventus-claim-ninth-title-in-a-row-as-ronaldo-sets-up-win-over-sampdoria|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |[[2020 Supercoppa Italiana|2020]] |[[Supercoppa Italiana]] |<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/55743467 |title=Juventus 2-0 Napoli: Ronaldo inspires ninth Super Cup win |date=20 January 2021 |website=BBC Sport |access-date=21 January 2021 |archive-date=15 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215083110/https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/55743467 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[2020–21 Coppa Italia|2020–21]] |[[Coppa Italia]] |<ref>{{cite news|last=Grez|first=Matias|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/05/20/football/cristiano-ronaldo-wins-coppa-italia-spt-intl/index.html|title=Cristiano Ronaldo cements domestic dominance as Juventus wins Coppa Italia|website=[[CNN.com]]|date=20 May 2021|access-date=20 May 2021|archive-date=20 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520100834/https://edition.cnn.com/2021/05/20/football/cristiano-ronaldo-wins-coppa-italia-spt-intl/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> |- |[[2023 Arab Club Champions Cup|2023]] |[[Arab Club Champions Cup]] |rowspan="3"|Al-Nassr |<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Summerscales |first=Robert |date=12 August 2023 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo Wins First Trophy Since 2021 After Scoring Two Goals For 10-Man Al Nassr In Arab Club Champions Cup Final |url=https://www.si.com/fannation/soccer/futbol/news/cristiano-ronaldo-wins-1st-al-nassr-trophy-after-2-goals-in-final |access-date=12 August 2023 |magazine=Sports Illustrated |archive-date=28 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230828163849/https://www.si.com/fannation/soccer/futbol/news/cristiano-ronaldo-wins-1st-al-nassr-trophy-after-2-goals-in-final |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |[[2023–24 King Cup|2024]] |style="background:#DCE5E5"|[[King's Cup (Saudi Arabia)|King Cup]] runner-up |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://iffhs.com/en/news/new-world-record-3664 |title=NEW WORLD RECORD |publisher=www.iffhs.com |date=4 June 2024 |access-date=12 June 2024 }}</ref> |- |[[2024 Saudi Super Cup|2024]] |style="background:#DCE5E5"|[[Saudi Super Cup]] runner-up |<ref>{{cite news |date=17 August 2024 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo, Al Nassr routed by Al Hilal in Saudi Super Cup final |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/40895601/cristiano-ronaldo-al-nassr-al-hilal-saudi-super-cup-final |access-date=17 August 2024 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> |- |[[2024–25 UEFA Nations League|2024–25]] |bgcolor="#FFD700"|[[UEFA Nations League]] |Portugal |<ref>{{cite news |title=Portugal beats Spain to win Nations League |url=https://www.euronews.com/2025/06/08/portugal-beats-spain-to-win-the-nations-league |access-date=12 June 2025 |work=Euronews |date=8 June 2025}}</ref> |- |[[2025 Saudi Super Cup|2025]] |style="background:#DCE5E5"|[[Saudi Super Cup]] runner-up |rowspan="3"|Al-Nassr |<ref>{{cite web |date=23 August 2025 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo misses out on another trophy! Al-Nassr beaten on penalties in Saudi Super Cup as CR7 once again tastes title disappointment in Saudi Arabia |url=https://www.goal.com/en-gb/lists/cristiano-ronaldo-trophy-wait-al-nassr-penalties-saudi-super-cup-cr7-saudi-arabia/blt6f1bd8e2c94b473a |website=Goal.com |access-date=23 August 2025}}</ref> |- |[[2025–26 AFC Champions League Two|2025–26]] |style="background:#DCE5E5"|[[AFC Champions League Two]] runner-up |<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2026 |title=No joy for CR7: Al-Nassr fall short, end as continental runners-up |url=https://onefootball.com/en/news/no-joy-for-cr7-al-nassr-fall-short-end-as-continental-runners-up-42877246 |publisher=[[OneFootball]] |access-date=16 May 2026}}</ref> |- |[[2025–26 Saudi Pro League|2025–26]] |[[Saudi Pro League]] |<ref>{{cite web |date=21 May 2026 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo wins first Saudi title as Al Nassr clinch league |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/48635460/cristiano-ronaldo-first-saudi-title-al-nassr-clinch-league |publisher=[[ESPN]] |access-date=21 May 2026}}</ref> |} ==== Friendly competitions ==== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! scope="col" width=5%|Year ! scope="col" style="width:14%;"|Competition ! scope="col" style="width:10%;"|Club / national team ! scope="col" width=5%|Ref(s) |- |[[2003 Toulon Tournament|2003]] |[[Toulon Tournament]] |Portugal U20 |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://festival-foot-espoirs.com/en/festival/detail_actualite.php?id=2895 |title=The Toulon Tournament's most memorable moments: 2003, when Cristiano Ronaldo and Javier Mascherano faced each other for the first time |website=[[Toulon Tournament]] |accessdate=12 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212121355/https://festival-foot-espoirs.com/en/festival/detail_actualite.php?id=2895 |archive-date=12 December 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/3144881.stm |title=Ronaldo set to shine |date=12 August 2003 |access-date=21 January 2017 |work=BBC Sport |quote=Both Inter Milan and Liverpool have been linked with 'the other' Ronaldo, who was watched by Liverpool at the Toulon tournament this summer. |archive-date=19 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230219164003/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/teams/m/man_utd/3144881.stm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablest/toulon03.html |title=Tournoi Espoirs de Toulon 2003 |date=19 June 2004 |access-date=21 January 2017 |last=Garin |first=Erik |quote=Final [June 21, Stade Mayol in Toulon] Portugal 3-1 Italy |publisher=Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation |website=RSSSF.com |archive-date=23 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100523092432/http://www.rsssf.com/tablest/toulon03.html |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |2009 |[[Trofeo Santiago Bernabéu]] | rowspan="16" |Real Madrid |<ref name=Trofeo>{{cite web|access-date=24 August 2013|editor=Página oficial del Real Madrid|title=Ranking histórico de goleadores del trofeo - Benzema logró su quinto gol en el Trofeo Santiago Bernabéu|url=https://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite?c=RM_Noticia_FA&cid=1330119184149&pagename=RealMadridResponsive%2FRM_Noticia_FA%2FRM_NoticiaGenerica|archive-date=9 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230509021715/https://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite?c=RM_Noticia_FA&cid=1330119184149&pagename=RealMadridResponsive/RM_Noticia_FA/RM_NoticiaGenerica|url-status=live}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> |- |2010 |[[Franz Beckenbauer Cup]] |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fcbayern.t-com.de/de/aktuell/spielbericht/2010/24758.php |title=Real siegt bei Beckenbauer-Abschied |access-date=2010-08-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110807040659/http://www.fcbayern.t-com.de/de/aktuell/spielbericht/2010/24758.php |archive-date=7 August 2011 |language=de |date=13 August 2010 |location=Allianz Arena |last=Zimmermann |first=Carsten |website=fcbayern.com |publisher=Fußball-Club Bayern München e.V. }}</ref><!--XI: Casillas – Ramos (59. Diarra), Carvalho (88. Granero), Garay (45. Albiol), Marcelo (86. Drenthe) – Khedira, Xabi Alonso – Leon (58. Di Maria), Canales (58. Van der Vaart), Ronaldo – Higuaín (59. Benzema)--> |- |2010 |[[Trofeo Santiago Bernabéu]] |<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|title=Trofeo Santiago Bernabéu 2010 |url=https://www.marca.com/deporte/futbol/pretemporada/2009-2010/directo/realmadrid-rosenborg.html |date=24 August 2010 |website=www.marca.com |language=es}}</ref> |- |[[Taçi Oil Cup#2010|2010]] |[[Taçi Oil Cup]] |<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|title=El Madrid vence en mitad de un apagón |url=https://www.rtve.es/deportes/20100120/madrid-vence-mitad-apagon/313435.shtml |date=20 January 2010 |website=www.rtve.es |language=es}}</ref> |- |[[2011 World Football Challenge|2011]] |[[World Football Challenge]] |<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|title=El Real Madrid se adjudica el World Football Challenge |url=https://as.com/futbol/2011/07/31/mas_futbol/1312063221_850215.html |date=31 July 2011 |website=www.as.com |language=es}}</ref> |- |2011 |Npower Challenge Cup |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/es/1330063539785/noticia/Cronica/1-2:_Callejon_y_Benzema_dan_la_quinta_victoria.htm|title=1-2: Callejón y Benzema dan la quinta victoria|lang=es|work=Real Madrid|date=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010075744/http://www.realmadrid.com/cs/Satellite/es/1330063539785/noticia/Cronica/1-2:_Callejon_y_Benzema_dan_la_quinta_victoria.htm|archive-date=10 October 2012}}</ref> |- |2011 |[[Trofeo Santiago Bernabéu]] |<ref>{{Cite web |last=|first=|title=El Real Madrid se llevó el trofeo Santiago Bernabéu por la mínima |url=https://www.rtve.es/deportes/20110825/real-madrid-se-llevo-trofeo-santiago-bernabeu-por-minima/457138.shtml |date=25 August 2011 |website=www.rtve.es |language=es}}</ref> |- |[[2012 World Football Challenge|2012]] |[[World Football Challenge]] | |- |2013 |[[International Champions Cup]] |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sinanan |first=Keeghann |title=Real Madrid 3-1 Chelsea: Mourinho's Madrid reunion falls flat as Ronaldo clinches cup for los Blancos |url=http://www.goal.com/en-india/match/120509/real-madrid-vs-chelsea-fc/report |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130811072349/http://www.goal.com/en-india/match/120509/real-madrid-vs-chelsea-fc/report |archive-date=August 11, 2013 |website=www.goal.com}}</ref> |- |2013 |[[Teresa Herrera Trophy]] |<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.goal.com/en-sg/news/3994/copa-del-rey/2013/08/30/4223556/kaka-double-sees-real-madrid-lift-teresa-herrera-trophy |date=30 August 2013 |title=Kaka double sees Real Madrid lift Teresa Herrera trophy |access-date=11 May 2017 |work=[[Goal (website)|Goal]] |quote=Los Blancos triumphed in the annual pre-season tournament, with Cristiano Ronaldo, Iker Casillas and Casemiro all featuring against fellow Spanish side Deportivo La Coruna |last=Fenn |first=Alec |archive-date=11 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111025013/https://www.goal.com/en-sg/news/3994/copa-del-rey/2013/08/30/4223556/kaka-double-sees-real-madrid-lift-teresa-herrera-trophy |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |2013 |[[Trofeo Santiago Bernabéu]] |<ref name=Trofeo/> |- |2015 |[[International Champions Cup]]: [[2015 International Champions Cup|2015 China]] |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Navarro |first=Alberto |date=30 July 2015 |title=0-0: Real Madrid win the International Champions Cup China |url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2015/07/0-0-real-madrid-win-the-international-champions-cup-china |access-date=29 April 2023 |website=www.realmadrid.com |archive-date=16 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416152237/https://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2015/07/0-0-real-madrid-win-the-international-champions-cup-china |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |2015 |[[International Champions Cup]]: [[2015 International Champions Cup|2015 Australia]] |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ransom |first=Ian |date=24 July 2015 |title=Real rout City in front of record Melbourne crowd |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-soccer-australia-real-idUKKCN0PY1LH20150724 |website=Reuters |access-date=30 April 2023 |archive-date=30 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230430065001/https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-soccer-australia-real-idUKKCN0PY1LH20150724 |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |2015 | rowspan="3" |[[Trofeo Santiago Bernabéu]] |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2015/08/2-1-a-marcelo-cracker-clinches-the-santiago-bernabeu-trophy-for-real-madrid |date=19 August 2015 |title=2-1: A Marcelo cracker clinches the Santiago Bernabéu Trophy for Real Madrid |access-date=24 June 2017 |website=Realmadrid.com |last=Navarro |first=Alberto |location=Madrid, Spain |publisher=Real Madrid Club de Fútbol |archive-date=15 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215084610/https://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2015/08/2-1-a-marcelo-cracker-clinches-the-santiago-bernabeu-trophy-for-real-madrid |url-status=live }}</ref><!--XI: Keylor Navas, Nacho, Danilo (Asier Illarramendi), Sergio Ramos (Daniel Carvajal), Marcelo, Cristiano Ronaldo, Gareth Bale (Denis Cheryshev), Luka Modric (Lucas Vázquez), Toni Kroos (Álvaro Arbeloa), Isco (James Rodríguez), Jesé (Casemiro) SUB: Rubén Yáñez, Borja Mayoral, Kiko Casilla--><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.realmadrid.com/noticias/2015/08/2-1-un-golazo-de-marcelo-decide-el-trofeo-santiago-bernabeu-para-real-madrid- |date=19 August 2015 |title=2-1: Un golazo de Marcelo decide el Trofeo Santiago Bernabéu para el Real Madrid |access-date=24 June 2017 |website=Realmadrid.com |last=Navarro |first=Alberto |location=Madrid, Spain |publisher=Real Madrid Club de Fútbol |language=es |archive-date=15 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215084612/https://www.realmadrid.com/noticias/2015/08/2-1-un-golazo-de-marcelo-decide-el-trofeo-santiago-bernabeu-para-real-madrid- |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |2016 |<ref>[https://www.marca.com/en/football/real-madrid/2016/08/17/57b395e6ca474132078b45c5.html Real Madrid handle Reims in Trofeo Santiago Bernabeu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230509023028/https://www.marca.com/en/football/real-madrid/2016/08/17/57b395e6ca474132078b45c5.html |date=2023-05-09 }} MABCA. Retrieved 17 August 2016.</ref> |- |2017 |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2017/08/2-1-ronaldo-stunner-decides-santiago-bernabeu-trophy |date=24 August 2017 |title=2-1: Ronaldo stunner decides Santiago Bernabéu Trophy |access-date=24 August 2017 |website=Realmadrid.com |last=Navarro |first=Alberto |location=Madrid, Spain |publisher=Real Madrid Club de Fútbol |archive-date=15 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215083105/https://www.realmadrid.com/en/news/2017/08/2-1-ronaldo-stunner-decides-santiago-bernabeu-trophy |url-status=live }}</ref> |- |} [[File:Cristiano Ronaldo - Ballon d'Or (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|Ronaldo, plus ein third Ballon d'Or, at de Santiago Bernabéu insyd January 2015]] '''Sporting CP'''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.juventus.com/en/teams/first-team/forwards/cristiano-ronaldo/index.php |title=Cristiano Ronaldo |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190604100358/https://www.juventus.com/en/teams/first-team/forwards/cristiano-ronaldo/index.php |archive-date=4 June 2019 |work=Juventus}}</ref> * [[Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira]]: [[2002 Supertaça Cândido de Oliveira|2002]] '''Manchester United'''<ref name="PremProfile">{{cite web |url=https://www.premierleague.com/players/2522/Cristiano-Ronaldo/overview |title=Cristiano Ronaldo: Overview |publisher=Premier League|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417224152/https://www.premierleague.com/players/2522/Cristiano-Ronaldo/overview|archive-date=17 April 2018 |access-date=28 September 2018}}</ref><ref name="honours">{{cite web |title=Cristiano Ronaldo (CR7) |work=Real Madrid C.F. - Web Oficial |url=https://www.realmadrid.com/en-US/the-club/history/football-legends/cristiano-ronaldo-dos-santos-aveiro |publisher=Real Madrid C.F. |access-date=21 February 2017 }}</ref> * [[Premier League]]: [[2006–07 FA Premier League|2006–07]], [[2007–08 Premier League|2007–08]], [[2008–09 Premier League|2008–09]] * [[FA Cup]]: [[2003–04 FA Cup|2003–04]] * [[EFL Cup|Football League Cup]]: [[2005–06 Football League Cup|2005–06]], [[2008–09 Football League Cup|2008–09]] * [[FA Community Shield]]: [[2007 FA Community Shield|2007]] * [[UEFA Champions League]]: [[2007–08 UEFA Champions League|2007–08]] * [[FIFA Club World Cup]]: [[2008 FIFA Club World Cup|2008]] '''Real Madrid'''<ref name="honours"/> * [[La Liga]]: [[2011–12 La Liga|2011–12]], [[2016–17 La Liga|2016–17]] * [[Copa del Rey]]: [[2010–11 Copa del Rey|2010–11]], [[2013–14 Copa del Rey|2013–14]] * [[Supercopa de España]]: [[2012 Supercopa de España|2012]], [[2017 Supercopa de España|2017]] * UEFA Champions League: [[2013–14 UEFA Champions League|2013–14]], [[2015–16 UEFA Champions League|2015–16]], [[2016–17 UEFA Champions League|2016–17]], [[2017–18 UEFA Champions League|2017–18]] * [[UEFA Super Cup]]: [[2014 UEFA Super Cup|2014]], [[2017 UEFA Super Cup|2017]] * FIFA Club World Cup: [[2014 FIFA Club World Cup|2014]], [[2016 FIFA Club World Cup|2016]], [[2017 FIFA Club World Cup|2017]] '''Juventus''' * [[Serie A]]: [[2018–19 Serie A|2018–19]], [[2019–20 Serie A|2019–20]] * [[Coppa Italia]]: [[2020–21 Coppa Italia|2020–21]] * [[Supercoppa Italiana]]: [[2018 Supercoppa Italiana|2018]], [[2020 Supercoppa Italiana|2020]] '''Al-Nassr''' * [[Saudi Pro League]]: [[2025–26 Saudi Pro League|2025–26]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Westwood |first=James |url=https://www.goal.com/en-in/lists/cristiano-ronaldo-trophy-drought-finally-over-al-nassr-clinch-saudi-pro-league-title-win-damac-cr7-scores-brace/blt03a9c918a0d2e7d6 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo's trophy drought is FINALLY over! Al-Nassr clinch Saudi Pro League title with win over Damac as CR7 scores stunning brace |publisher=Goal.com |date=21 May 2026 }}</ref> * [[Arab Club Champions Cup]]: [[2023 Arab Club Champions Cup|2023]]<ref name="accc"/> '''Portugal''' * [[UEFA European Championship]]: [[UEFA Euro 2016|2016]]<ref name="CR7 Euro 2016">{{cite web |date=10 July 2016 |title=Portugal striker Cristiano Ronaldo forced off injured in Euro 2016 final |url=http://www.espnfc.us/portugal/story/2910804/portugal-striker-cristiano-ronaldo-forced-off-injured-in-euro-2016-final |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160711145832/http://www.espnfc.us/portugal/story/2910804/portugal-striker-cristiano-ronaldo-forced-off-injured-in-euro-2016-final |archive-date=11 July 2016 |access-date=10 July 2016 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> * [[UEFA Nations League]]: [[2018–19 UEFA Nations League|2018–19]],<ref name="CR7 NL 2019">{{#invoke:cite|news|first=Daniel|last=Taylor|author-link=Daniel Taylor (journalist)|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/jun/09/portugal-netherlands-nations-league-final-match-report|title=Portugal win Nations League as Gonçalo Guedes does for the Netherlands|work=[[The Guardian]]|location=Estádio do Dragão|date=9 June 2019|access-date=2 February 2020}}</ref> [[2024–25 UEFA Nations League|2024–25]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.uefa.com/uefanationsleague/match/2044949--portugal-vs-spain/|title=Portugal vs Spain - UEFA Nations League Final 2025|website=UEFA.com|accessdate=8 June 2025}}</ref> '''Individual''' {{columns-list|colwidth=50em}} <!-- LEAGUE AND FEDERATION-SANCTIONED AWARDS ONLY. No fan or magazine-voted awards. Listed by kind of award. --> * [[Ballon d'Or]]/[[FIFA Ballon d'Or]]: [[2008 Ballon d'Or|2008]], [[2013 FIFA Ballon d'Or|2013]], [[2014 FIFA Ballon d'Or|2014]], [[2016 Ballon d'Or|2016]], [[2017 Ballon d'Or|2017]]<ref name="CNNFacts"/><ref name="honours"/> * [[FIFA World Player of the Year]]: [[2008 FIFA World Player of the Year|2008]]<ref name="CNNFacts"/> * [[The Best FIFA Men's Player]]: [[The Best FIFA Football Awards 2016|2016]], [[The Best FIFA Football Awards 2017|2017]]<ref name="CNNFacts"/> * [[The Best FIFA Football Awards#FIFA Special Award for an Outstanding Career Achievement|The Best FIFA Special Award for Outstanding Career Achievement]]: [[The Best FIFA Football Awards 2021#The Best FIFA Special Award|2021]]<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |url=https://www.fifa.com/the-best-fifa-football-awards/news/cristiano-ronaldo-the-best-interview-i-am-so-proud-to-be-the-best-goalscorer-ever|title=Ronaldo FIFA Special The Best Award |date=17 January 2022 |publisher=FIFA |access-date=17 January 2022}}</ref> * [[UEFA Club Footballer of the Year]]: [[UEFA Club Footballer of the Year#Winners|2007–08]] * [[UEFA Men's Player of the Year Award]]: [[UEFA Men's Player of the Year Award#Finalists|2013–14]], [[UEFA Men's Player of the Year Award#Finalists|2015–16]], [[UEFA Men's Player of the Year Award#Finalists|2016–17]] * [[List of UEFA Champions League top scorers|The Best Special Award of UEFA Champions League All-Time Top Scorer]]: [[List of UEFA Champions League top scorers#All-time top scorers|2024]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 August 2024 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo honoured as UEFA Champions League All-Time Top Scorer |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0290-1bba8222dbee-c67bbff473ca-1000--cristiano-ronaldo-honoured-as-uefa-champions-league-all-/ |access-date=27 October 2024 |website=UEFA Champions League}}</ref> * [[FIFA Puskás Award]]: [[FIFA Puskás Award#2009|2009]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 August 2021 |title=Ronaldo's 'best goal' for Man United was so good he got a DVD and created Puskas award |url=https://talksport.com/football/835442/cristiano-ronaldo-goal-porto-man-utd-puskas-award-champions-league/ |access-date=23 May 2023 |website=talkSPORT }}</ref> * [[FIFA Club World Cup Golden Ball]]: [[2016 FIFA Club World Cup#Awards|2016]] * [[List of UEFA Champions League top scorers#Top scorers by season|UEFA Champions League top scorer]]: [[2007–08 UEFA Champions League|2007–08]], [[2012–13 UEFA Champions League|2012–13]], [[2013–14 UEFA Champions League|2013–14]], [[2014–15 UEFA Champions League|2014–15]], [[2015–16 UEFA Champions League|2015–16]], [[2016–17 UEFA Champions League|2016–17]], [[2017–18 UEFA Champions League|2017–18]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 June 2023 |title=Champions League all-time top scorers: Cristiano Ronaldo, Lionel Messi, Robert Lewandowski, Karim Benzema {{!}} UEFA Champions League |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefachampionsleague/news/0257-0e910cf2494a-5185150de9d4-1000--champions-league-all-time-top-scorers-cristiano-ronaldo-lion/ |access-date=26 August 2023 |website=[[UEFA]] }}</ref> * [[European Golden Shoe]]: 2007–08, 2010–11, 2013–14, 2014–15<ref name="CNNFacts">{{#invoke:cite|news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2014/07/14/world/europe/cristiano-ronaldo-fast-facts/index.html |title=Cristiano Ronaldo Fast Facts |date=20 January 2021 |access-date=16 June 2021 |work=CNN}}</ref><ref name="honours"/> * [[UEFA European Championship Teams of the Tournament#All-time Euro XI|UEFA European Championship All-Time XI]]: 2016<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/history/news/0253-0d813794a987-97623277ab50-1000--your-all-time-euro-11-revealed/ |title=Your All-time EURO 11 revealed |publisher=UEFA |date=7 June 2016 |access-date=8 June 2016 |archive-date=26 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200626232029/https://www.uefa.com/news/newsid=2371381.html |url-status=live }}</ref> * [[UEFA European Championship awards#Top goalscorer|UEFA European Championship Golden Boot]]: [[2020 UEFA European Championship#Awards|2020]] * [[UEFA Nations League|UEFA Nations League Finals top scorer]]: [[2019 UEFA Nations League Finals#Award|2019]], [[2025 UEFA Nations League Finals#Award|2025]] (shared) * [[Premier League Player of the Season]]: [[2006–07 FA Premier League#Annual awards|2006–07]], [[2007–08 Premier League#Annual awards|2007–08]]<ref name="PremProfile" /> * [[La Liga Awards#Winners|La Liga Best Player]]: [[2013–14 La Liga|2013–14]]<ref name="2013–14">{{#invoke:cite|news |last=Rigg |first=Nicholas |title=Atlético Madrid snubbed at La Liga awards despite winning league ahead of Spanish giants Real Madrid and Barcelona |newspaper=The Independent |date=28 October 2014 |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/atletico-madrid-snubbed-at-la-liga-awards-despite-winning-league-ahead-of-spanish-giants-real-madrid-9822760.html |access-date=18 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309200553/http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/atletico-madrid-snubbed-at-la-liga-awards-despite-winning-league-ahead-of-spanish-giants-real-madrid-9822760.html |archive-date=9 March 2016}}</ref> * [[Serie A Footballer of the Year]]: [[2018–19 Serie A|2019]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.football-italia.net/147170/ronaldo-crowned-serie-best-player |title=Ronaldo crowned Serie A best player |date=2 December 2019 |publisher=Football Italia |access-date=2 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191202231707/https://www.football-italia.net/147170/ronaldo-crowned-serie-best-player |archive-date=2 December 2019}}</ref> [[2019–20 Serie A|2020]]<ref name="Gran Gala 2020">{{Cite web |url=https://sport.sky.it/calcio/serie-a/2021/03/19/cristiano-ronaldo-miglior-giocatore-gala-del-calcio-2021 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo giocatore dell'anno per il 2020: la premiazione al Galà del Calcio 2021 |trans-title=Cristiano Ronaldo player of the year for 2020: the award ceremony at the Gala del Calcio 2021 |date=19 March 2021 |access-date=26 November 2022 |publisher=[[Sky Sport (Italy)|Sky Sport]]}}</ref> * [[Premier League Golden Boot]]: [[2007–08 Premier League#Annual awards|2007–08]]<ref name="PremProfile" /> * [[Pichichi Trophy]]: [[2010–11 La Liga|2010–11]], [[2013–14 La Liga|2013–14]], [[2014–15 La Liga|2014–15]] * [[Capocannoniere]]: [[2020–21 Serie A|2020–21]]<ref name="Serie A top scorer"/> * [[Saudi Pro League#Top scorers by season|Saudi Pro League Golden Boot]]: [[2023–24 Saudi Pro League|2023–24]], [[2024–25 Saudi Pro League|2024–25]] * [[Golden Foot]]: 2020<ref>{{cite web|author=Football Italia staff |title=Ronaldo wins Golden Foot Award |url=https://www.football-italia.net/162867/ronaldo-wins-golden-foot-award |work=[[Football Italia#Website and magazine|Football Italia]] |access-date=18 December 2020 |date=1 December 2020}}</ref> * [[Globe Soccer Awards#Awards of the Century|21st Century Awards]], by Globe Soccer Awards: 2020<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-voted-player-of-the-century-at-the-dubai-globe-soccer-awards-1.1135775 |title=Cristiano Ronaldo voted Player of the Century at the Dubai Globe Soccer Awards |work=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]] |location=Abu Dhabi |date=27 December 2020 |access-date=20 October 2021 |archive-date=27 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201227162531/https://www.thenationalnews.com/sport/football/cristiano-ronaldo-voted-player-of-the-century-at-the-dubai-globe-soccer-awards-1.1135775 |url-status=live }}</ref> * [[Primeira Liga|Primeira Liga Best Player of All Time Award]]: 2025<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/46222334/cristiano-ronaldo-named-best-all-liga-portugal |title=Cristiano Ronaldo named 'Best of All Time' by Liga Portugal |website=ESPN |access-date=21 October 2025 }}</ref> * [[Ballon d'Or Dream Team]]: 2020<ref>{{cite news |last=Crépin |first=Timothé |title=Ballon d'Or Dream Team : Découvrez les révélations de ce onze de légende ! |url=https://www.francefootball.fr/news/Ballon-d-or-dream-team-decouvrez-les-revelations-de-ce-onze-de-legende/1205748 |publisher=France Football |language=fr |date=14 December 2020 |access-date=14 December 2020 |archive-date=14 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201214151520/https://www.francefootball.fr/news/Ballon-d-or-dream-team-decouvrez-les-revelations-de-ce-onze-de-legende/1205748 |url-status=live }}</ref> * [[FIFA FIFPRO World 11]]: 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021<ref>{{cite news |url=https://fifpro.org/en/supporting-players/player-influence/world11/lionel-messi-through-the-years-in-the-world-11 |title=Lionel Messi: World 11 through the years |publisher=[[FIFPRO]] |date=15 January 2024 |access-date=10 March 2024 |archive-date=15 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240115205630/https://fifpro.org/en/supporting-players/player-influence/world11/lionel-messi-through-the-years-in-the-world-11 |url-status=live }}</ref> * [[Golden Globe (Portugal) for Best Sportsman|Portuguese Sportsman of the Year]]: 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://caras.sapo.pt/globosdeouro/globosdeouro_desporto/2017-05-21-Cristiano-Ronaldo-premiado-na-XXII-Gala-dos-Globos-de-Ouro|title=Cristiano Ronaldo premiado na XXII Gala dos Globos de Ouro|work=Caras|access-date=24 May 2017}}</ref> * [[Portuguese Football Federation|FPF Portuguese Player of the Year]]: 2015, 2016,<ref name="ESPNPortugal2017">{{cite web |date=21 March 2017 |title=Ronaldo named Portugal's player of the year; Sanches best young player |url=https://www.espn.co.uk/football/portugal/story/3086873/cristiano-ronaldo-named-portugals-player-of-the-year-as-renato-sanches-wins-best-young-player |access-date=19 June 2022 |work=ESPN}}</ref> 2017, 2018, 2019<ref name="ESPNPortugal2017"/> '''Orders''' * Medal of Merit, [[Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa]] ([[House of Braganza|Portuguese Royal Family]])<ref>{{#invoke:cite|news |title=D. Duarte condecora selecção nacional |url=https://www.cmjornal.pt/desporto/detalhe/d-duarte-condecora-seleccao-nacional |newspaper=Correio da Manhã |date=31 August 2006 |access-date=27 August 2017 |language=pt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827214152/http://www.cmjornal.pt/desporto/detalhe/d-duarte-condecora-seleccao-nacional |archive-date=27 August 2017}}</ref> * Grand officer of de [[Order of Prince Henry]]<ref name="CNNFacts"/> * Commander of de [[Order of Merit (Portugal)|Order of Merit]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Presidente da República condecora jogadores com grau de comendador da Ordem do Mérito |url=http://www.record.xl.pt/internacional/competicoes-de-selecoes/europeu/euro-2016/grupos/grupo-f/portugal/detalhe/presidente-da-republica-condecora-jogadores-com-grau-de-comendador-da-ordem-do-merito.html |publisher=Record.pt |access-date=10 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160712132803/http://www.record.xl.pt/internacional/competicoes-de-selecoes/europeu/euro-2016/grupos/grupo-f/portugal/detalhe/presidente-da-republica-condecora-jogadores-com-grau-de-comendador-da-ordem-do-merito.html |archive-date=12 July 2016}}</ref> * Cordão da Insígnia autonómica de distinção (Collar of the [[Autonomic Insignia of Distinction]], [[Autonomous Region of Madeira]])<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ojogo.pt/internacional/cristiano-ronaldo/noticias/interior/ronaldo-vai-ser-condecorado-na-madeira-3672547.html |title=Ronaldo vai ser condecorado na Madeira |website=ojogo.pt |date=6 February 2014 |language=pt |access-date=10 August 2019 |archive-date=10 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810004630/https://www.ojogo.pt/internacional/cristiano-ronaldo/noticias/interior/ronaldo-vai-ser-condecorado-na-madeira-3672547.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Sister project links|c=Category:Cristiano Ronaldo|wikt=no|s=no|v=no|b=no|d=yes}} * {{Official website}} * [https://www.realmadrid.com/en-US/the-club/history/football-legends/cristiano-ronaldo-dos-santos-aveiro Profile] at [[Real Madrid CF]] * [https://www.manutd.com/en/players-and-staff/detail/cristiano-ronaldo Profile] at [[Manchester United F.C.]] {{#invoke:navboxes|top | title = Portugal squads | bg = #B50000 | fg = gold | bordercolor = #006600 }} {{Portugal squad UEFA Euro 2004}} {{Portugal men's football squad 2004 Summer Olympics}} {{Portugal squad 2006 FIFA World Cup}} {{Portugal squad UEFA Euro 2008}} {{Portugal squad 2010 FIFA World Cup}} {{Portugal squad UEFA Euro 2012}} {{Portugal squad 2014 FIFA World Cup}} {{Portugal squad UEFA Euro 2016}} {{Portugal squad 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup}} {{Portugal squad 2018 FIFA World Cup}} {{Portugal squad UEFA Euro 2020}} {{Portugal squad 2022 FIFA World Cup}} {{Portugal squad UEFA Euro 2024}} {{Portugal squad 2026 FIFA World Cup}} {{#invoke:navboxes|bottom}} {{#invoke:Authority control|authorityControl}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ronaldo, Cristiano}} [[Category:Cristiano Ronaldo| ]] [[Category:1985 births]] [[Category:Human]] [[Category:20th-century Roman Catholics]] [[Category:21st-century Portuguese sportsmen]] [[Category:21st-century Roman Catholics]] [[Category:2006 FIFA World Cup players]] [[Category:2010 FIFA World Cup players]] [[Category:2014 FIFA World Cup players]] [[Category:2017 FIFA Confederations Cup players]] [[Category:2018 FIFA World Cup players]] [[Category:2022 FIFA World Cup players]] [[Category:2026 FIFA World Cup players]] [[Category:Men's association football forwards]] [[Category:Men's association football wingers]] [[Category:Ballon d'Or winners]] [[Category:BBC Sports Personality World Sport Star of de Year winners]] [[Category:Commanders of de Order of Merit (Portugal)]] [[Category:FIFA Men's Century Club]] [[Category:FIFA World Player of de Year winners]] [[Category:First Division/Premier League top scorers]] [[Category:Footballers at de 2004 Summer Olympics]] [[Category:Golden Globes (Portugal) winners]] [[Category:Grand Officers of de Order of Prince Henry]] [[Category:Olympic footballers for Portugal]] [[Category:Pichichi Trophy winners]] [[Category:Portugal men's international footballers]] [[Category:Portugal men's under-21 international footballers]] [[Category:Portugal men's youth international footballers]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate men's footballers]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers insyd England]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers insyd Italy]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers insyd Saudi Arabia]] [[Category:Expatriate men's footballers insyd Spain]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople insyd England]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople insyd Italy]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople insyd Saudi Arabia]] [[Category:Portuguese expatriate sportspeople insyd Spain]] [[Category:Portuguese men's footballers]] [[Category:Portuguese people of Cape Verdean descent]] [[Category:Sportspeople of Cape Verdean descent]] [[Category:Portuguese Roman Catholics]] [[Category:Footballers wey komot Funchal]] [[Category:Portuguese philanthropists]] [[Category:Segunda Divisão players]] [[Category:Primeira Liga players]] [[Category:Premier League players]] [[Category:La Liga players]] [[Category:Serie A players]] [[Category:Saudi Pro League players]] [[Category:Sporting CP B players]] [[Category:Sporting CP footballers]] [[Category:Manchester United F.C. players]] [[Category:Real Madrid CF players]] [[Category:Juventus FC players]] [[Category:Al-Nassr FC players]] [[Category:The Best FIFA Men's Player winners]] [[Category:UEFA Champions League–winning players]] [[Category:UEFA Champions League top scorers]] [[Category:UEFA Euro 2004 players]] [[Category:UEFA Euro 2008 players]] [[Category:UEFA Euro 2012 players]] [[Category:UEFA Euro 2016 players]] [[Category:UEFA Euro 2020 players]] [[Category:UEFA Euro 2024 players]] [[Category:UEFA European Championship–winning players]] [[Category:UEFA Men's Player of de Year Award winners]] [[Category:UEFA Nations League–winning players]] [[Category:World Soccer Magazine World Player of de Year winners]] [[Category:World record holders]] [[Category:Guinness World Records holders]] [[Category:Portuguese billionaires]] [[Category:Portuguese football chairmen den investors]] 4q1e3ezb9rxiw00yqtcmp0131qbyxki 0 30034 112303 111199 2026-09-24T16:25:32Z InternetArchiveBot 29 Add 1 book for [[en:Wikipedia:Verifiability|verifiability]] (20260924sim)) #IABot (v2.0.9.6) ([[User:GreenC bot|GreenC bot]] 112303 wikitext text/x-wiki {{Databox}} '''''Coitus interruptus''''', dem sanso know as '''withdrawal method''', be a form of birth control wich dey involve removing de penis from de vagina before ejaculation.<ref name=Ro1995>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rogow D, Horowitz S | title = Withdrawal: a review of the literature and an agenda for research | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_studies-in-family-planning_may-june-1995_26_3/page/140 | journal = Studies in Family Planning | volume = 26 | issue = 3 | pages = 140–53 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7570764 | doi = 10.2307/2137833 | jstor = 2137833 }}</ref><ref name=CT2023>{{cite book |last1=Cason |first1=Patty |last2=Cwiak |first2=Carrie |last3=Kowal |first3=Deborah |last4=Edelman |first4=Alison |title=Contraceptive Technology |date=26 September 2023 |publisher=Jones & Bartlett Learning |isbn=978-1-284-25503-4 |pages=503-508 |edition=22 |url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Contraceptive_Technology/Sa3WEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 |language=en |access-date=9 April 2024 |archive-date=10 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240410181851/https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Contraceptive_Technology/Sa3WEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 |url-status=live }}</ref> Plus typical use [[pregnancy]] dey occur insyd about 20% over a year, while plus perfect use e dey occur insyd 4%.<ref name=CT2023/> E sanso fi be used togeda plus oda methods, such as condoms, birth control pills, anaa emergency birth control.<ref name=CT2023/> While der no be side effects, e no dey protect against most [[Sexually transmitted infection|sexually transmitted infections]] (STIs); though dose slightly reduce de risk of [[HIV/AIDS]] give women.<ref name=CT2023/> E dey work by decreasing de chance of sperm meeting egg den thus preventing fertilization.<ref name=CT2023/> Failure fi occur as pre-ejaculate fi contain sperm anaa one partner fi prevent withdrawal by de oda.<ref name=CT2023/> Sam sanso no be able to reliably remove dema penis before ejaculation.<ref name=CT2023/> Na dis method be used by two thirds of women wey have sex wey e be currently used by about 7% of women insyd de [[United States]].<ref name=CT2023/> Rates of use increase from de 1980s to de 2010s wey e be most commonly used by women insyd dema 20s.<ref name=CT2023/> E be used by about 38 million women worldwide insyd 1991.<ref name=Ro1995/> E be believed to be practiced thought-out history.<ref name=CT2023/> E get no direct costs.<ref name=PP2024>{{cite web |title=Pull Out Method {{!}} Withdrawal Method {{!}} What is Pulling Out? |url=https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/withdrawal-pull-out-method |website=www.plannedparenthood.org |access-date=9 April 2024 |language=en |archive-date=29 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329002656/http://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/withdrawal-pull-out-method |url-status=live }}</ref> == References == <references /> == External links == {{Commons}} * [http://www.religiousconsultation.org/islam_contraception_abortion_in_SacredChoices.htm Contraception and abortion in Islam] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110430203244/http://www.birth-control-comparison.info/withdrawal.htm Withdrawal] {{DEFAULTSORT:Coitus Interruptus}} [[Category:Methods of birth control]] [[Category:Contraception for males]] [[Category:Latin words den phrases]] [[Category:Translated from MDWiki]] 4lva7aoonz9u6qb78mkw4mgj1ap253s 0 30319 112290 112236 2026-09-24T13:28:43Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "Playing style" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375886951|Aryna Sabalenka]]" 112290 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aryna Siarhiejeŭna Sabalenka''' (born 5 May 1998) be a Belarusian professional tennis player. Na she be ranked de world No. 1 insyd women's singles by de Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for a total of 107 weeks (tenth-most of all time), wey she fini as de year-end No. 1 twice (2024, 2025). Sabalenka win 24 career singles titles, wey dey include two titles at de Australian Open den two at de US Open, as well as eleven WTA 1000 events. She sanso be a former world No. 1 insyd women's doubles wey na she win six doubles titles, wey dey include de 2019 US Open den 2021 Australian Open, both plus [[Elise Mertens]]. Sabalenka cam to prominence insyd 2017 wen she den [[Aliaksandra Sasnovich]] lead de Belarus Fed Cup team to a runner-up finish despite dem both be ranked outsyd de top 75 at de time. She fini 2018 den 2019 ranked world No. 11 insyd singles. Following two major singles semifinal appearances insyd 2021, Sabalenka rise to world No. 2 buh she struggle to maintain dat success insyd 2022 consistently. Insyd 2023, she win ein first major singles title at de Australian Open, she fini runner-up at de US Open, wey she obtain de world No. 1 ranking for de first time. Insyd 2024, Sabalenka defend ein Australian Open title wey she win a third major singles title at de US Open, finishing as de year-end No. 1 for de first time. Insyd 2025, she defend ein title at de US Open wey na she be runner-up at de Australian den French Opens, holding de No. 1 position for de entire season. Insyd 2026, she reach two major singles finals (Australian Open den US Open) wey she plete de Sunshine Double (winning Indian Wells den Miami back-to-back). Also insyd 2026, Sabalenka win de Laureus World Sports Award for Sportswoman of de Year. Sabalenka begin dey play doubles regularly insyd 2019. Plus Mertens as ein partner, she find instant success by winning de Sunshine Double (Indian Wells den Miami) dat same year. Na dem win de US Open later insyd de season, wey Sabalenka qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time. After she den Mertens win dema second major title at de Australian Open insyd 2021, Sabalenka cam be de doubles world No. 1, after wich she shift to playing exclusively singles. == Early life den background == Na dem born Sabalenka insyd Minsk, de capital of Belarus. Na ein poppie, Sergey (he die 2019), be an ice hockey player. Sabalenka start dey play tennis by chance. She say, "''One day, my dad was just driving me somewhere in the car, and he saw tennis courts on the way. So he took me to the courts. I liked it and enjoyed it, and that's how it was. That's how it started''." She begin dey train at de National Tennis Academy insyd Minsk wen dem open am insyd 2014.<ref name="first-post">{{Cite web |date=27 November 2017 |title=Meet Aryna Sabalenka, the 19-year-old rising star from Belarus, who won her first WTA title at Mumbai Open |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/meet-aryna-sabalenka-the-19-year-old-rising-star-from-belarus-who-won-her-first-wta-title-at-mumbai-open-4229395.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123180953/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/meet-aryna-sabalenka-the-19-year-old-rising-star-from-belarus-who-won-her-first-wta-title-at-mumbai-open-4229395.html |archive-date=23 November 2020 |access-date=5 September 2018 |website=First Post}}</ref><ref name="tut-2017">{{Cite web |last=Михалевич |first=Юрий |title="Может, мне удастся стать кем-то вроде Серены", или Что мы знаем про теннисистку Арину Соболенко |url=https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/541113.html?crnd=5515 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126020709/https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/541113.html?crnd=5515 |archive-date=26 November 2020 |access-date=5 September 2018 |website=Tut.by |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2014 |title=Belarus Tennis Academy opens in Minsk |url=https://eng.belta.by/sport/view/belarus-tennis-academy-opens-in-minsk-7626-2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106153322/https://eng.belta.by/sport/view/belarus-tennis-academy-opens-in-minsk-7626-2014 |archive-date=6 January 2019 |access-date=6 January 2019 |website=Belta.by}}</ref> Insyd 2015, de Belarusian Tennis Federation persuade Sabalenka den ein team to focus on playing low-level professional events instead of junior tournaments, even though na she still be eligible to compete at de junior level.<ref name="tut-2016">{{Cite web |title=Шакутин рассказал о соперничестве двух главных надежд белорусского женского тенниса |url=https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/492733.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417201150/https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/492733.html |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=5 September 2018 |website=Tut.by |language=ru}}</ref> == Career == === 2017: WTA 125 title, top 100 === Sabalenka start de year ranked No. 73 insyd doubles.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref> She begin dey partner plus Elise Mertens insyd January, wen de pair loose to top seeds [[Barbora Krejčíková]] den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd de third round of de Australian Open. Na dem get dema breakthru insyd March at de two Premier Mandatory tournaments. Insyd only dema second tournament togeda, Sabalenka den Mertens win de Indian Wells Open. Dem defeat three of de top five seeds insyd de event, wey dey include second seeds [[Tímea Babos]] den [[Kristina Mladenovic]] insyd de first round den top seeds Krejčíková den Siniaková insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Elise Mertens and Aryna Sabalenka Capture 2019 BNP Paribas Open Doubles Title|work=BNP Paribas Open|url=https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/elise-mertens-and-aryna-sabalenka-capture-2019-bnp-paribas-open-doubles-title/|access-date=20 March 2019|archive-date=29 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029202737/https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/elise-mertens-and-aryna-sabalenka-capture-2019-bnp-paribas-open-doubles-title/|url-status=live}}</ref> De pair match dis success at dena next event by winning de Miami Open to plete de Sunshine Double. Dem defeat three of de top six seeds, wey dey include third seeds [[Hsieh Su-wei]] den [[Barbora Strýcová]] insyd de second round. Dem win de final against sixth seeds Samantha Stosur den Zhang Shuai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Juzwiak |first=Jason |date=31 March 2019 |title=Mertens & Sabalenka win 10th straight match to claim Miami title and Sunshine Double |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-win-10th-straight-match-claim-miami-title-and-sunshine-double |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102609/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-win-10th-straight-match-claim-miami-title-and-sunshine-double |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=30 May 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, Sabalenka rise to No. 21 insyd de world.<ref name="SabWtaRnk" /> Sabalenka den Mertens continue to partner togeda thru out de year, entering eleven events before de year-end championships. Na Sabalenka no get much success insyd de Grand Slam singles events, buh she produce much better results insyd doubles. Sabalenka den Mertens reach de semifinals at de French Open, losing to second seeds Babos den Mladenovic.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mladenovic seals doubles No.1, place in French Open final with Babos |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mladenovic-seals-doubles-no1-place-french-open-final-babos |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607164132/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mladenovic-seals-doubles-no1-place-french-open-final-babos |archive-date=7 June 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Dem then reach de quarterfinals at Wimbledon, losing to third seeds Hsieh den Strýcová.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2019 |title=Hsieh, Strycova finesse tames Mertens, Sabalenka firepower to reach Wimbledon SFs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hsieh-strycova-finesse-tames-mertens-sabalenka-firepower-reach-wimbledon-sfs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103080846/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hsieh-strycova-finesse-tames-mertens-sabalenka-firepower-reach-wimbledon-sfs |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na dese be Sabalenka ein first two appearances insyd at least de quarterfinals at a Grand Slam event. Sabalenka den Mertens get dema best result of de year at de US Open. As de fourth seed at de event, dem make am to de final widout playing anoda top-ten-seeded team. Insyd fe final, dem face eighth seeds Victoria Azarenka den Ashleigh Barty, de latter of whom win de title a year earlier plus CoCo Vandeweghe. Sabalenka den Mertens defeat Azarenka den Barty insyd straight sets for dema first Grand Slam title insyd any discipline.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Juzwiak |first1=Jason |date=8 September 2019 |title=Mertens, Sabalenka capture first Grand Slam title in women's doubles at US Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-capture-first-grand-slam-title-womens-doubles-us-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925124801/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-capture-first-grand-slam-title-womens-doubles-us-open |archive-date=25 September 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis title, Sabalenka make ein top 10 debut insyd doubles at No. 6 insyd de world.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref> Sabalenka den Mertens make one more final during de year, finishing runner-up at de Wuhan Open, wer Sabalenka win de singles title.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Chiesa |first1=Victoria |date=28 September 2019 |title=Kudermetova and Duan win Wuhan in team debut: 'It's an unbelievable week' |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/kudermetova-and-duan-win-wuhan-team-debut-its-unbelievable-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191003111214/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/kudermetova-and-duan-win-wuhan-team-debut-its-unbelievable-week |archive-date=3 October 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Dema three big titles help dem win de Race to Shenzhen den qualify for de WTA Finals as de top seeds. Before de event, Sabalenka den Mertens move up to No. 2 den No. 3 insyd de rankings, respectively, behind only world No. 1, Barbora Strýcová.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, na de pair be placed insyd a round robin group plus third seeds Babos den Mladenovic, fifth seeds [[Chan Hao-ching]] den [[Latisha Chan]], as well as eighth seeds [[Anna-Lena Grönefeld]] den [[Demi Schuurs]]. Insyd dema opening match, na dem be upset by Grönefeld den Schuurs insyd a match tiebreak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Groenefeld, Schuurs make up for lost time at WTA Finals: 'It's something we can be proud of' |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/groenefeld-schuurs-make-lost-time-wta-finals-%E2%80%98it%E2%80%99s-something-we-can-be-proud-%E2%80%99 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103080844/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/groenefeld-schuurs-make-lost-time-wta-finals-%E2%80%98it%E2%80%99s-something-we-can-be-proud-%E2%80%99 |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After defeating de Chan sisters, Sabalenka den Mertens loose to Babos den Mladenovic insyd anoda match tiebreak. Na dem no advance out of dema group.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Juzwiak |first1=Jason |date=30 October 2019 |title=Babos-Mladenovic move into semifinals as WTA Finals doubles draw takes shape |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/babos-mladenovic-move-semifinals-wta-finals-doubles-draw-takes-shape |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103080842/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/babos-mladenovic-move-semifinals-wta-finals-doubles-draw-takes-shape |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: Premier 5 title === Sabalenka start de season at de Shenzhen Open. She defeat qualifier [[Margarita Betova|Margarita Gasparyan]]<ref>{{cite news|title='Step by step and I'll see what happens' - Defending champ Sabalenka sizzles in Shenzhen return|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1562336/step-by-step-and-ill-see-what-happens-defending-champ-sabalenka-sizzles-in-shenzhen-return|access-date=14 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=6 January 2020}}</ref> before losing to [[Kristýna Plíšková]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Kristyna Pliskova dethrones Sabalenka to reach Shenzhen QF|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1562885/kristyna-pliskova-dethrones-sabalenka-to-reach-shenzhen-qf|access-date=14 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=7 January 2020}}</ref> At de Adelaide International, Sabalenka upset No. 4 Simona Halep to reach de semifinals,<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2020 |title=Sabalenka shocks Halep in Adelaide upset |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1572902/sabalenka-shocks-halep-in-adelaide-upset |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112214223/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1572902/sabalenka-shocks-halep-in-adelaide-upset |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer she loose to Dayana Yastremska insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Yastremska stops Sabalenka for first Premier final in Adelaide|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1573603/yastremska-stops-sabalenka-for-first-premier-final-in-adelaide#:~:text=%2C%206%2D4%2C%207%2D,her%20post%2Dmatch%20press%20conference.|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=17 January 2020}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de first round to Carla Suárez Navarro.<ref>{{cite news|title=Unseeded & Unfazed, Melbourne Day 3: Suarez Navarro, Goerges impress|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/unseeded-unfazed-melbourne-day-3-suarez-navarro-goerges-impress|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=22 January 2020}}</ref> She enjoy moderate success insyd doubles, reaching de quarterfinals plus Elise Mertens before losing to de Chan sisters. At de Dubai Championships, Sabalenka defeat Maria Sakkari den Elise Mertens to reach de quarterfinals, wer she loose to No. 2 Simona Halep insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Halep surges past Sabalenka, into Dubai semifinals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1616721/halep-surges-past-sabalenka-into-dubai-semifinals#:~:text=To%20earn%20her%20third%20victory,semifinal%20in%20Dubai%20since%202015.|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=20 February 2020}}</ref> At de Qatar Open, Sabalenka defeat Anett Kontaveit, No. 20 Maria Sakkari, Zheng Saisai<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka swirls past Zheng in gusty Doha quarterfinal|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1626804/sabalenka-swirls-past-zheng-in-gusty-doha-quarterfinal|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=27 February 2020}}</ref> den Svetlana Kuznetsova<ref>{{cite news|title=Confident Sabalenka moves into Doha final by dispatching Kuznetsova|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1628078/confident-sabalenka-moves-into-doha-final-by-dispatching-kuznetsova|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=28 February 2020}}</ref> to reach de final. Insyd de final, she defeat No. 11 Petra Kvitová insyd straight sets to win ein third Premier 5 title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka surges past Kvitova to sixth title in Doha|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1630232/sabalenka-surges-past-kvitova-to-sixth-title-in-doha|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=29 February 2020}}</ref> After de COVID-19 pandemic shut down de WTA Tour, Sabalenka enter de Top Seed Open insyd August. She defeat [[Madison Brengle]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka advances in Lexington as WTA Tour returns to US|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/sports/sabalenka-advances-in-lexington-as-wta-tour-returns-to-us-idUSKCN25703W/|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=11 August 2020}}</ref> before falling to [[Coco Gauff]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Gauff surges to Sabalenka upset in Lexington|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1752475/gauff-surges-to-sabalenka-upset-in-lexington|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=12 August 2020}}</ref> Insyd Cincinnati, she defeat qualifier [[CiCi Bellis]] before losing to qualifier [[Jessica Pegula]]. At de US Open, she defeat [[Océane Dodin]] before losing to Victoria Azarenka.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka books Azarenka clash in US Open second round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1802710/sabalenka-books-azarenka-clash-in-us-open-second-round|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 September 2020}}</ref> Na she get moderate success insyd doubles, reaching de quarterfinals of both events. Ein results begin to improve on clay. At de Internationaux de Strasbourg, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Ellen Perez]], [[Anna Blinkova]], den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] to reach de semifinals, wer she loose to No. 5 Elina Svitolina insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2020 |title=Svitolina surges to Strasbourg semifinal win over Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1841593/svitolina-surges-to-strasbourg-semifinal-win-over-sabalenka |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112044728/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1841593/svitolina-surges-to-strasbourg-semifinal-win-over-sabalenka |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, she defeat Jessica Pegula den [[Daria Kasatkina]] before losing to [[Ons Jabeur]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 October 2020 |title=Jabeur slips past Sabalenka at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1851447/jabeur-slips-past-sabalenka-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112130149/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1851447/jabeur-slips-past-sabalenka-at-french-open |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Sabalenka enter two indoor hard-court events at de end of 2020. At de Ostrava Open, she cam from a set down to defeat qualifiers Coco Gauff den [[Sara Sorribes Tormo]]. She defeat [[Jennifer Brady]]<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dimon|first1=Ricky|title=Ostrava WTA recap: Sabalenka’s roller-coaster ride to the title|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/ostrava-wta-recap-sabalenka-roller-coaster-title-300507.html|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=25 October 2020}}</ref> den No. 14 Victoria Azarenka insyd straight sets to win ein second title of de season. <ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka cruises past Victoria Azarenka to win Ostrava Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30188688/aryna-sabalenka-cruises-victoria-azarenka-win-ostrava-open|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=25 October 2020}}</ref> At de same tournament, she sanso win de doubles event plus Elise Mertens, defeating [[Gabriela Dabrowski]] den [[Luisa Stefani]] insyd de final. At de Linz Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Jasmine Paolini]] den qualifiers Stefanie Vögele den Océane Dodin to reach de semifinals. She defeat [[Barbora Krejčíková]] to reach de final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka survives tussle against Krejcikova to secure Top 10 finish|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-survives-tussle-against-krejcikova-to-secure-top-10-finish|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=14 November 2020}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat No. 21 Elise Mertens insyd straight sets to capture ein third title of de season.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka defeats Mertens in Linz to capture third 2020 title|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-defeats-mertens-in-linz-to-capture-third-2020-title|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=15 November 2020}}</ref> For de first time, she fini de year at de top 10.<ref>{{cite news|title=WTA releases 2020 Year-End Rankings|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1898097/wta-releases-2020-year-end-rankings|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=16 November 2020}}</ref> === 2021: Major semifinals, singles No. 2, doubles No. 1 === [[File:Sabalenka_RG21_(30)_(51375296612).jpg|left|thumb|Sabalenka at de 2021 French Open]] Sabalenka enter ein first tournament insyd 2021 at de Abu Dhabi Open. She defeat Polona Hercog, Ajla Tomljanović, den Ons Jabeur,<ref>{{Cite news|date=10 January 2021|title=Sabalenka reaches Abu Dhabi quarterfinals with revenge win over Jabeur|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-reaches-abu-dhabi-quarterfinals-with-revenge-win-over-jabeur|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat No. 19 Elena Rybakina insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat No. 22 Maria Sakkari<ref>{{Cite news|last=Berkok|first=John|date=12 January 2021|title=Ruthless Sabalenka wins 14th match in a row, reaches Abu Dhabi final|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ruthless-sabalenka-wins-14th-match-in-a-row-reaches-abu-dhabi-final|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> den [[Veronika Kudermetova]] insyd straight sets to win ein third straight WTA title, wey dey extend ein winning streak to 15 matches deb catapulting am to a new ranking of No. 7.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Superb Sabalenka storms to third straight title in Abu Dhabi |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1972336/superb-sabalenka-storms-to-third-straight-title-in-abu-dhabi |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Viktória Hrunčáková]], Daria Kasatkina, den [[Ann Li (tennis)|Ann Li]] to reach de fourth round, wer she loose to No. 11 [[Serena Williams]] insyd three sets. Nonetheless, at de same tournament, Sabalenka win ein second major doubles title plus Elise Mertens, defeating Barbora Krejčíková den Kateřina Siniaková insyd de final.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Imhoff|first1=Dan|title=Sabalenka/Mertens storm to women’s doubles crown|url=https://ausopen.com/articles/match-report/sabalenkamertens-storm-womens-doubles-crown|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Australian Open|date=19 February 2021}}</ref> By winning de title, she ascend to world No. 1 insyd de doubles rankings for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka captures WTA World No.1 doubles ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2039721/sabalenka-captures-wta-world-no-1-doubles-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210223224358/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2039721/sabalenka-captures-wta-world-no-1-doubles-ranking |archive-date=23 February 2021 |access-date=5 February 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> As de defending champion at de Qatar Open, Sabalenka loose ein opening match to Garbiñe Muguruza.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2022 |title=Garbiñe Muguruza edges Aryna Sabalenka in Doha epic |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/garbine-muguruza-edges-aryna-sabalenka-in-doha-epic |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210222034/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/garbine-muguruza-edges-aryna-sabalenka-in-doha-epic |archive-date=10 February 2022 |access-date=10 February 2022 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Dubai Championships, Sabalenka defeat [[Alizé Cornet]] den No. 24 Anett Kontaveit to reach de quarterfinals, wer she san loose to No. 16 Garbiñe Muguruza insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2022 |title=Muguruza repeats in Sabalenka thriller, Mertens awaits in Dubai |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/muguruza-repeats-in-sabalenka-thriller-mertens-awaits-in-dubai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210222537/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/muguruza-repeats-in-sabalenka-thriller-mertens-awaits-in-dubai |archive-date=10 February 2022 |access-date=10 February 2022 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Miami Open, Sabalenka cam from a set down to defeat qualifier [[Tsvetana Pironkova]] insyd ein opening match. She defeat Veronika Kudermetova den No. 20 Markéta Vondroušová insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to world No. 1 Ashleigh Barty insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ash Barty reaches Miami Open semifinals with three-set win over Aryna Sabalenka|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/31167448/ash-barty-reaches-miami-open-semifinals-three-set-win-aryna-sabalenka|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=30 March 2021}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein clay season at de Stuttgart Open. She defeat Zhang Shuai den qualifier [[Anna-Lena Friedsam]], widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Anett Kontaveit insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She upset No. 3 Simona Halep insyd straight sets to reach de final. Insyd de final, she san loose to world No. 1 Ashleigh Barty insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Stuttgart Open: World number one Ashleigh Barty beats Aryna Sabalenka in final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/56877716|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=25 April 2021}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Vera Zvonareva, Daria Kasatkina, den Jessica Pegula, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Swing free and prosper: Sabalenka powers past Pegula in Madrid|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/swing-free-and-prosper-sabalenka-powers-past-pegula-in-madrid|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=4 May 2021}}</ref> She reach de semifinals as No. 16 Elise Mertens retired while trailing by a set.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Tignor|first1=Steve|title=Aryna Sabalenka builds steam through clay-court surge in Madrid|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-builds-steam-through-clay-court-surge-in-madrid|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=5 May 2021}}</ref> She defeat [[Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova]] insyd straight sets to reach ein second consecutive final on clay.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Sabalenka storms into second consecutive clay-court final in Madrid|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-storms-into-second-consecutive-clay-court-final-in-madrid|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=6 May 2021}}</ref> Insyd de final, she upset world No. 1 Ashleigh Barty insyd three sets to win ein tenth WTA title den first on clay.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats top-ranked Ashleigh Barty to win Madrid Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/31411768/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-top-ranked-ashleigh-barty-win-madrid-open|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=8 May 2021}}</ref> As a result, ein ranking move go world No. 4.<ref name="WTAMadrid2021">{{Cite web |date=8 May 2021 |title=Sabalenka captures Madrid title in thriller over Barty |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326233615/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> At de Italian Open, Sabalenka defeat Sara Sorribes Tormo before losing to Coco Gauff.<ref>{{cite news|title=American teen Gauff stuns Madrid champion Sabalenka in Rome|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/american-teen-gauff-stuns-madrid-open-champion-sabalenka-in-rome-405469.html|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=13 May 2021}}</ref> At de French Open, she defeat qualifier [[Ana Konjuh]] den Aliaksandra Sasnovich before losing to Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova.<ref>{{cite news|title=French Open tennis – Aryna Sabalenka's title hopes over at Roland Garros after Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova loss|url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/roland-garros/2021/french-open-tennis-number-three-seed-aryna-sabalenka-crashes-out-to-anastasia-pavlyuchenkova-after-t_sto8354420/story.shtml|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[TNT Sports]]|date=4 June 2021}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein grass season at de German Open. She loose ein opening match against Madison Keys.<ref>{{cite news|title=Madison Keys edges Aryna Sabalenka in Berlin second round|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/keys-upsets-top-seeded-sabalenka-to-reach-german-open-qfs|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=16 June 2021}}</ref> Nonetheless, Sabalenka den ein compatriot Victoria Azarenka win de doubles event, defeating de top-seeded pair of Demi Schuurs den [[Nicole Melichar]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2021 |title=Azarenka and Sabalenka Sent Out Tokyo Olympics 2021 Warnings After Claiming WTA Berlin Title |url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/victoria-azarenka-and-aryna-sabalenka-sent-out-tokyo-olympics-2021-warnings-after-claiming-wta-berlin-title-tennis-news/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202149/https://www.essentiallysports.com/victoria-azarenka-and-aryna-sabalenka-sent-out-tokyo-olympics-2021-warnings-after-claiming-wta-berlin-title-tennis-news/ |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=21 June 2021}}</ref> At de Eastbourne International, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Bernarda Pera]] den Alison Riske-Amritraj, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to qualifier Camila Giorgi insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Giorgi takes seesaw battle over Sabalenka in Eastbourne QFs|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2178203/giorgi-takes-seesaw-battle-over-sabalenka-in-eastbourne-qfs|access-date=29 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=24 June 2021}}</ref> At de Wimbledon Championships, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Monica Niculescu insyd de first round. Insyd de second round, she cam from a set down to defeat wildcard entrant Katie Boulter. Insyd de third round, she defeat qualifier [[Camila Osorio]]. She defeat No. 20 [[Elena Rybakina]] insyd three sets to reach ein first major quarterfinal.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka overpowers Elena Rybakina at Wimbledon, books maiden major quarterfinal against Ons Jabeur|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-grand-slam-quarterfinal-ons-jabeur-wimbledon|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=5 July 2021}}</ref> She defeat No. 24 Ons Jabeur insyd straight sets to reach ein first major semifinal, becoming de third Belarusian woman to reach Wimbledon semifinals following [[Natasha Zvereva]] insyd 1998 den Victoria Azarenka insyd 2011 den 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 July 2021 |title=Sabalenka passes Jabeur test; Pliskova sails past Golubic into Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2184833/sabalenka-passes-jabeur-test-pliskova-sails-past-golubic-into-wimbledon-semis |access-date=15 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to No. 13 [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pliskova grabs comeback win over Sabalenka to make first Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2186147/pliskova-grabs-comeback-win-over-sabalenka-to-make-first-wimbledon-final|access-date=29 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 July 2021}}</ref> As a result, she reach a career-high ranking of No. 3.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=12 July 2021 |title=Ranking Reaction: Shapovalov back in Top 10, Sabalenka up to No. 3 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-shapovalov-back-in-top-10-sabalenka-up-to-no-3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712130125/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-shapovalov-back-in-top-10-sabalenka-up-to-no-3 |archive-date=12 July 2021 |access-date=11 September 2023 |work=tennis.com}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein North American hard court season at de Canadian Open. She defeat wildcard entrants [[Sloane Stephens]] den [[Rebecca Marino]] to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat No. 15 Victoria Azarenka to reach de semifinals,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka stops compatriot Azarenka to reach Montreal semis|url=https://apnews.com/article/sports-canada-tennis-montreal-0868aacd079053298f3dee250f297163|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[Associated Press]]|date=14 August 2021}}</ref> wer she san loose to No. 6 Karolína Plíšková insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=14 August 2021 |title=Karolina Pliskova plays clean match to defeat Aryna Sabalenka in Montreal |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-pliskova-plays-clean-match-to-defeat-aryna-sabalenka-in-montreal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925223704/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-pliskova-plays-clean-match-to-defeat-aryna-sabalenka-in-montreal |archive-date=25 September 2023 |access-date=15 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, she loose ein opening-round match against [[Paula Badosa]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2021 |title=Upsets galore in Cincinnati as Aryna Sabalenka, Elina Svitolina, Iga Swiatek, Bianca Andreescu lose |url=https://www.tennis365.com/wta-tour/upsets-galore-cincinnati-aryna-sabalenka-elina-svitolina-iga-swiatek-bianca-andreescu-lose |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916150907/https://www.tennis365.com/wta-tour/upsets-galore-cincinnati-aryna-sabalenka-elina-svitolina-iga-swiatek-bianca-andreescu-lose/ |archive-date=16 September 2021 |access-date=16 September 2021}}</ref> Despite de loss, she reach a career-high ranking of No. 2.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=23 August 2021 |title=Ranking Reaction: Aryna Sabalenka passes Naomi Osaka for No. 2 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-aryna-sabalenka-passes-naomi-osaka-for-no-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240211095615/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-aryna-sabalenka-passes-naomi-osaka-for-no-2 |archive-date=11 February 2024 |access-date=11 September 2023 |work=tennis.com}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Nina Stojanović]] insyd de first round insyd three sets. She defeat [[Tamara Zidanšek]], No. 29 Danielle Collins, No. 16 Elise Mertens,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka defeats Mertens in straight sets in U.S. Open fourth round|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/sabalenka-defeats-mertens-straight-sets-us-open-fourth-round-2021-09-06/|access-date=29 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=6 September 2021}}</ref> den No. 9 Barbora Krejčíková, widout dropping a set, to reach ein second major semifinal.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka charges past Krejcikova to reach US Open semis|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2246150/sabalenka-charges-past-krejcikova-to-reach-us-open-semis|access-date=29 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 September 2021}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to [[Leylah Fernandez]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2021 |title=Fearless Fernandez battles past Sabalenka into first Grand Slam final at US Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2247811/fearless-fernandez-battles-past-sabalenka-into-first-grand-slam-final-at-us-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910024839/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2247811/fearless-fernandez-battles-past-sabalenka-into-first-grand-slam-final-at-us-open |archive-date=10 September 2021 |access-date=13 September 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Secof a positive COVID-19 test, na Sabalenka no be able to play at Indian Wells.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Sabalenka withdraws from Indian Wells|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/58778566|archive-date=5 February 2023|access-date=5 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205044951/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/58778566|url-status=live}}</ref> Sabalenka qualify for de WTA Finals insyd singles for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|title=First qualifiers announced for 2021 WTA Finals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2257737/first-qualifiers-announced-for-2021-wta-finals|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=20 September 2021}}</ref> She defeat [[Iga Świątek]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Aryna Sabalenka fights past Iga Swiatek to secure first WTA Finals win and remain in semifinal contention|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-edges-iga-swiatek-for-first-wta-finals-win-semifinal-contention|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=14 November 2021}}</ref> buh na she be eliminated by Paula Badosa<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Aryna Sabalenka is rusty, and Paula Badosa wins in a round-robin rout at WTA Finals|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wta-finals-2021-round-robin-preview|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=11 November 2021}}</ref> den Maria Sakkari<ref>{{cite news|last1=Berkok|first1=John|title=Maria Sakkari outlasts Aryna Sabalenka to clinch last spot in final four at WTA Finals|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sakkari-outlasts-sabalenka-to-clinch-last-spot-in-final-four-at-wta-finals|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=16 November 2021}}</ref> insyd de round-robin stage. === 2022: US Open semifinal === Sabalenka struggle plus ein serve at de beginning of 2022. At de Adelaide International 1, she loose ein opening match against [[Kaja Juvan]];<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=After hitting 18 double faults, Aryna Sabalenka loses season opener to Kaja Juvan in Adelaide |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/second-ranked-sabalenka-loses-her-season-opening-match |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627114452/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/second-ranked-sabalenka-loses-her-season-opening-match |archive-date=27 June 2022 |access-date=27 June 2022 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> at de Adelaide International 2, she loose ein first round to qualifier [[Rebecca Peterson]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Peterson stuns top seed as Sabalenka’s service woes continue in Adelaide|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-s-service-woes-continue-as-peterson-stuns-top-seed-in-adelaide|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=11 January 2022}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she manage to dig out three-set wins against wildcard entrant [[Storm Sanders]],<ref name="Kane2022">{{Cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=18 January 2022 |title=Aryna Sabalenka's first serve: No. 2 seed conquers yips to survive Sanders, begin Australian Open campaign |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612105016/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |archive-date=12 June 2022 |access-date=28 July 2026 |website=[[Tennis (magazine)|Tennis]]}}</ref> [[Wang Xinyu]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Johnson|first1=Abbey|title=Australian Open: Aryna Sabalenka evades upset exodus; beats Xinyu Wang to reach 3R|url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/108015/australian-open-aryna-sabalenka-evades-upset-exodus-beats-xinyu-wang-to-reach-3r/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis World|date=20 January 2022}}</ref> den Markéta Vondroušová,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kemp|first1=Emma|title=Sabalenka too good for Vondrousova but Inglis run ended by Kanepi|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2022/jan/22/sabalenka-too-good-for-vondrousova-but-inglis-run-ended-by-kanepi-australian-open-tennis|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=22 January 2022}}</ref> buh she loose insyd de fourth round to [[Kaia Kanepi]] insyd a three-set match, wich end insyd a third-set super-tiebreak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Swiatek surges past Cirstea, Kanepi upsets Sabalenka to make Australian Open quarters |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2462425/swiatek-surges-past-cirstea-kanepi-upsets-sabalenka-to-make-australian-open-quarters |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520100700/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2462425/swiatek-surges-past-cirstea-kanepi-upsets-sabalenka-to-make-australian-open-quarters |archive-date=20 May 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2022 |title=Aryna Sabalenka becomes highest seed to fall at Australian Open, beaten by Kaia Kanepi in fourth round |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/australian-open/2022/aryna-sabalenka-becomes-highest-seed-to-fall-at-australian-open-beaten-by-kaia-kanepi_sto8734719/story.shtml}}</ref> At de Dubai Championships, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Marta Kostyuk]] before losing to Petra Kvitová.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kudermetova stuns Muguruza; Kvitova knocks out Sabalenka in Dubai|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2488937/kudermetova-stuns-muguruza-kvitova-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-dubai|access-date=30 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=16 February 2022}}</ref> At de Qatar Open, Sabalenka beat wildcard entrant Alizé Cornet<ref>{{cite news|last1=Lloyd|first1=James|title=Sabalenka downs Cornet as Azarenka withdraws from Qatar Open|url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/sabalenka-downs-cornet-as-azarenka-withdraws-from-qatar-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis UpToDate|date=22 February 2022}}</ref> den [[Jil Teichmann]], widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Richardson|first1=James|title=Qatar Open news: Top seed cruises into the quarterfinals|url=https://www.tennis365.com/tennis-news/qatar-open-news-top-seed-quarterfinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis365|date=23 February 2022}}</ref> Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to No. 8 den eventual champion Iga Świątek insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ostapenko wins 9th straight match; Swiatek sweeps into Doha semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2502600/ostapenko-wins-9th-straight-match-swiatek-sweeps-into-doha-semis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626162848/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2502600/ostapenko-wins-9th-straight-match-swiatek-sweeps-into-doha-semis |archive-date=26 June 2022 |access-date=6 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka loose ein opening match against Jasmine Paolini.<ref>{{cite news|title=Paolini stuns Sabalenka in Indian Wells for first Top 10 win; Sakkari, Kvitova advance|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2529166/paolini-stuns-sabalenka-in-indian-wells-for-first-top-10-win|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=12 March 2022}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she loose ein opening match against [[Irina-Camelia Begu]]. <ref>{{cite news|last1=Mesic|first1=Dzevad|title=Irina Begu reacts to ousting No. 1 seed Aryna Sabalenka in Miami|url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/111306/irina-begu-reacts-to-ousting-no-1-seed-aryna-sabalenka-in-miami/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis World|date=26 March 2022}}</ref> At de Charleston Open, Sabalenka loose insyd de third round to Amanda Anisimova.<ref>{{cite news|title=Amanda Anisimova topples top seed Aryna Sabalenka to reach Charleston quarterfinals|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/amanda-anisimova-topples-sabalenka-to-reach-charleston-quarterfinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=7 April 2022}}</ref> At de Stuttgart Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Bianca Andreescu]]<ref>{{cite news|last1=Livaudais|first1=Stephanie|title=Sabalenka regroups to halt Andreescu, reach quarterfinals in Stuttgart|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-regroups-to-halt-bianca-andreescu-reach-quarterfinals-in-stuttga|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=21 April 2022}}</ref> den No. 6 Anett Kontaveit insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat No. 3 Paula Badosa insyd straight sets to reach ein second straight Stuttgart final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2022 |title=Sabalenka topples Badosa to reach second straight Stuttgart final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2587119/sabalenka-topples-badosa-to-reach-second-straight-stuttgart-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423231637/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2587119/sabalenka-topples-badosa-to-reach-second-straight-stuttgart-final |archive-date=23 April 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de final, she san loose to world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek takes Stuttgart Open for fourth title of 2022 as winning streak reaches 23 matches|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/33797634/iga-swiatek-takes-stuttgart-open-fourth-title-2022-winning-streak-reaches-23-matches|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=24 April 2022}}</ref> As de defending champion at de Madrid Open, na dem san knock Sabalenka out by Amanda Anisimova insyd de first round.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 April 2022 |title=Anisimova dethrones defending champion Sabalenka in Madrid |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2594683/anisimova-dethrones-defending-champion-sabalenka-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428185057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2594683/anisimova-dethrones-defending-champion-sabalenka-in-madrid |archive-date=28 April 2022 |access-date=30 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Italian Open, Sabalenka defeat Zhang Shuai den No. 11 Jessica Pegula, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Amanda Anisimova insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. Insyd de semifinals, she loose to world No. 1 Iga Świątek for de third time insyd 2022.<ref>{{Cite news|title=World number one Swiatek into Rome Open final|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/61448479|access-date=15 May 2022|archive-date=15 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515085046/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/61448479|url-status=live}}</ref> At de French Open, she defeat [[Chloé Paquet]] den Madison Brengle before losing to Camila Giorgi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 May 2022 |title=Giorgi upsets Sabalenka at French Open; Kasatkina awaits in Round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2636132/giorgi-upsets-sabalenka-at-french-open-kasatkina-awaits-in-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704022900/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2636132/giorgi-upsets-sabalenka-at-french-open-kasatkina-awaits-in-round-of-16 |archive-date=4 July 2022 |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Sabalenka begin de grass-court season at de Libéma Open. She defeat [[Kateryna Baindl]] den wildcard entrant [[Arianne Hartono]], widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Alison Van Uytvanck insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat [[Shelby Rogers]] insyd straight sets to make de final. Insyd de final, she loose to Ekaterina Alexandrova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Alexandrova routs Sabalenka to win 's-Hertogenbosch|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2644516/alexandrova-routs-sabalenka-to-win-shertogenbosch|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=12 June 2022}}</ref> Secof Wimbledon ein ruling on Russian den Belarusian players, dem ban Sabalenka from participating insyd de event, cutting ein grass season short.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Treisman |first=Rachel |date=20 April 2022 |title=Wimbledon bans Russian and Belarusian players — including No. 2 Medvedev |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/04/20/1093741869/wimbledon-russian-players |publisher=NPR}}</ref> Sabalenka open de US hardcourt swing insyd Silicon Valley Classic. She cam from a set down to defeat lucky loser [[Caroline Dolehide]] insyd ein opening match. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to No. 12 den eventual champion Daria Kasatkina insyd three sets. At de Canadian Open, she defeat Sara Sorribes Tormo before losing to No. 11 Coco Gauff.<ref>{{cite news|title=Coco Gauff beats Arnya Sabalenka at Canadian Open in longest match of her career to set up Simona Halep quarter-final|url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/wta-toronto/2022/coco-gauff-beats-arnya-sabalenka-at-canadian-open-in-longest-match-of-her-career-to-set-up-simona-ha_sto9081228/story.shtml|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[TNT Sports]]|date=12 August 2022}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Sabalenka reach de last 16 as qualifier Anna Kalinskaya retire while trailing by a set.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka sprints into last 16 of Western & Southern Open|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-through-to-last-16-618290.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=18 August 2022}}</ref> She defeat wildcard entrant Shelby Rogers insyd three sets to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Zhang Shuai insyd straight sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka surges past Zhang into Cincinnati semifinals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2750497/sabalenka-surges-past-zhang-into-cincinnati-semifinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=19 August 2022}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to qualifier den eventual champion [[Caroline Garcia]] iinsyd hree sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cincy semis: Sabalenka vs. Garcia a showcase in power |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2750499/cincy-semis-kvitova-vs-keys-sabalenka-vs-garcia-a-showcase-in-power |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908172523/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2750499/cincy-semis-kvitova-vs-keys-sabalenka-vs-garcia-a-showcase-in-power |archive-date=8 September 2022 |access-date=8 September 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Catherine Harrison (tennis)|Catherine Harrison]] insyd de first round.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sixth seed Sabalenka through to second round at Flushing Meadows|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/us-open-news/us-open-sabalenka-through-to-second-round-620638.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=30 August 2022}}</ref> Insyd de second round, she cam from a set down to defeat Kaia Kanepi.<ref>{{cite news|title=An incredible collapse from Kanepi lets Sabalenka off the hook and into the third round|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/us-open-news/us-open-sabalenka-through-to-third-round-621798.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=2 September 2022}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she defeat qualifier [[Clara Burel]] insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she cam from a set down to defeat No. 19 Danielle Collins.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Walker|first1=Mollie|title=Aryna Sabalenka comes back again to advance to US Open quarterfinal|url=https://nypost.com/2022/09/05/aryna-sabalenka-comes-back-to-advance-to-us-open-quarterfinal/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[New York Post]]|date=5 September 2022}}</ref> She defeat No. 22 Karolína Plíšková insyd straight sets to reach ein second consecutive US Open semifinal.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Carayol|first1=Tumaini|title=Sabalenka returns to US Open semi-final with dominant victory over Pliskova|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2022/sep/07/karolina-pliskova-aryna-sabalenka-andrey-rublev-frances-tiafoe-us-open-tennis-quarter-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=7 September 2022}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she be defeated by world No. 1 Iga Świątek for de fourth time dis season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2022 |title=Swiatek and Sabalenka renew rivalry in US Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2785780/swiatek-and-sabalenka-renew-rivalry-in-us-open-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908173204/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2785780/swiatek-and-sabalenka-renew-rivalry-in-us-open-semifinals |archive-date=8 September 2022 |access-date=8 September 2022 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de San Diego Open, Sabalenka defeat wildcard entrant Sloane Stephens before losing to qualifier Donna Vekić.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vekic ousts Sabalenka in San Diego, sets Collins clash in semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2851646/vekic-ousts-sabalenka-in-san-diego-sets-collins-clash-in-semifinals |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Guadalajara Open, she loose ein opening match against [[Liudmila Samsonova]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Samsonova stuns Sabalenka in Guadalajara – sends Garcia, Gauff to WTA Finals|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/guadalajara-open-wta-1000/guadalajara-open-samsonova-books-spot-in-last-16-630730.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=19 October 2022}}</ref> Sabalenka qualify for de WTA Finals for a second straight year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2022 |title=Sabalenka and Kasatkina qualify for 2022 WTA Finals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2865210/sabalenka-and-kasatkina-qualify-for-2022-wta-finals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021014603/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2865210/sabalenka-and-kasatkina-qualify-for-2022-wta-finals |archive-date=21 October 2022 |access-date=27 October 2022 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2022 |title=Road to the WTA Finals: Aryna Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2876324/road-to-the-wta-finals-aryna-sabalenka |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She defeat world No. 2 Ons Jabeur<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka outlasts Jabeur on opening night of WTA Finals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2886071/sabalenka-outlasts-jabeur-on-opening-night-of-wta-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=1 November 2022}}</ref> den No. 3 Jessica Pegula<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats Pegula to reach WTA Finals semis, Jabeur eliminated|url=https://www.news24.com/sport/tennis/sabalenka-beats-pegula-to-reach-wta-finals-semis-jabeur-eliminated-20221105|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[News24 (website)|News24]]|date=5 November 2022}}</ref> insyd de round-robin stage, den No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd de semifinals.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka stuns No. 1 Iga Swiatek to reach first final at WTA Finals |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-stuns-no-1-iga-swiatek-to-reach-first-final-at-wta-finals |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka upsets Swiatek to reach WTA Finals championship match |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897254/sabalenka-upsets-swiatek-to-reach-wta-finals-championship-match |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She cam be de fourth woman to defeat de top 3 players at de same tournament, joining [[Steffi Graf]] (1999 French Open), Serena Williams (2002 Miami Open), den [[Venus Williams]] (2008 WTA Finals). She loose ein group match against Maria Sakkari<ref>{{cite news|title=Sakkari beats Sabalenka to reach last four of WTA Finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/jabeur-battles-back-beat-pegula-wta-finals-2022-11-03/|access-date=30 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=3 November 2022}}</ref> wey she loose insyd de final to Caroline Garcia insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Garber|first1=Greg|title=Garcia caps off comeback season with title at the WTA Finals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2898398/garcia-caps-off-comeback-season-with-title-at-the-wta-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 November 2022}}</ref> === 2023: Australian Open champion, No. 1 === [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_(2023_US_Open)_35.jpg|right|thumb|Sabalenka at de 2023 US Open]] Sabalenka begin ein 2023 season at de Adelaide International. She defeat Liudmila Samsonova,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka saves seven set points, beats Samsonova in Adelaide 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3008222/sabalenka-saves-seven-set-points-beats-samsonova-in-adelaide-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109153456/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3008222/sabalenka-saves-seven-set-points-beats-samsonova-in-adelaide-1 |archive-date=9 January 2023 |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Markéta Vondroušová, den Irina-Camelia Begu<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka into Adelaide 1 final, faces Czech teen Noskova |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3012346/sabalenka-into-adelaide-1-final-faces-czech-teen-noskova |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> to reach de final. She defeat qualifier [[Linda Nosková]] to win de title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka stops Noskova for 11th career title at Adelaide 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3013260/sabalenka-stops-noskova-for-11th-career-title-at-adelaide-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312065522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3013260/sabalenka-stops-noskova-for-11th-career-title-at-adelaide-1 |archive-date=12 March 2023 |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Seeded fifth at de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Tereza Martincová]], Shelby Rogers, Elise Mertens,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bencic, Sabalenka set up Round of 16 showdown in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3030334/bencic-sabalenka-set-up-round-of-16-showdown-in-melbourne |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> den No. 10 Belinda Bencic<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2023 |title=Sabalenka tops Bencic, will face Vekić in Australian Open quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3034993/sabalenka-tops-bencic-will-face-vekic-in-australian-open-quarterfinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126185613/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3034993/sabalenka-tops-bencic-will-face-vekic-in-australian-open-quarterfinals |archive-date=26 January 2023 |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> to reach ein first-ever Australian Open quarterfinal. She then beat Donna Vekić to reach ein fourth Grand Slam semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Three takeaways: Sabalenka into first Australian Open semifinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3037080/three-takeaways-sabalenka-into-first-australian-open-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125182600/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3037080/three-takeaways-sabalenka-into-first-australian-open-semifinal |archive-date=25 January 2023 |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She beat [[Magda Linette]] to secure ein 10th straight-set victory of 2023 wey make ein first ever major final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka defeats Linette to reach first major final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3038481/sabalenka-defeats-linette-to-reach-first-grand-slam-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126145545/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3038481/sabalenka-defeats-linette-to-reach-first-grand-slam-final |archive-date=26 January 2023 |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2023 |title=How Sabalenka found her inner calm and a new level of success |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3039450/how-sabalenka-found-her-inner-calm-and-a-new-level-of-success |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat No. 25 [[Elena Rybakina]] insyd three sets to win ein first major title.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka holds off Rybakina to win Australian Open, first Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328084008/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |archive-date=28 March 2023 |access-date=18 April 2026 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=10 incredible things Aryna Sabalenka achieved by winning the Australian Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-aryna-sabalenka-achieved-by-winning-the-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201064347/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-aryna-sabalenka-achieved-by-winning-the-australian-open |archive-date=1 February 2023 |access-date=1 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> She cam be de second Belarusian to ever win a major singles title after Victoria Azarenka insyd 2012 den 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title='A joy to watch': Social media reacts to Australian Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040119/-a-joy-to-watch-social-media-reacts-to-australian-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128192630/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040119/-a-joy-to-watch-social-media-reacts-to-australian-open-final |archive-date=28 January 2023 |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='I still feel like I'm on another planet': Sabalenka steps out with Australian Open trophy |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040637/-i-still-feel-like-i-m-on-another-planet-sabalenka-steps-out-with-australian-open-trophy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129050607/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040637/-i-still-feel-like-i-m-on-another-planet-sabalenka-steps-out-with-australian-open-trophy |archive-date=29 January 2023 |access-date=29 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Champions Corner: How Aryna Sabalenka learned a new way to fight |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040642/champions-corner-how-aryna-sabalenka-learned-a-new-way-to-fight |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129042811/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040642/champions-corner-how-aryna-sabalenka-learned-a-new-way-to-fight |archive-date=29 January 2023 |access-date=29 January 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Australian Open 2023: Aryna Sabalenka beats Elena Rybakina to win Melbourne title|publisher=BBC Sport|first=Jonathan|last=Jurejko|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/64437033|date=28 January 2023|access-date=30 January 2022|archive-date=28 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128114034/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/64437033|url-status=live}}</ref> After winning de title insyd Melbourne, Sabalenka rise back to No. 2 insyd de WTA rankings. Insyd Dubai, Sabalenka defeat lucky loser [[Lauren Davis]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 February 2023 |title=Sabalenka extends run; Pliskova, Krejcikova grab Top 10 wins in Dubai |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3076921/sabalenka-extends-run-pliskova-krejcikova-grab-top-10-wins-in-dubai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230607100618/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3076921/sabalenka-extends-run-pliskova-krejcikova-grab-top-10-wins-in-dubai |archive-date=7 June 2023 |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Jeļena Ostapenko. Insyd de quarterfinals, she fall to de eventual champion Barbora Krejčíková insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 February 2023 |title=By the numbers: Krejcikova ends Sabalenka's winning streak in Dubai |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3079631/by-the-numbers-krejcikova-ends-sabalenka-s-winning-streak-in-dubai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127114747/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3079631/by-the-numbers-krejcikova-ends-sabalenka-s-winning-streak-in-dubai |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka defeat [[Evgeniya Rodina]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 March 2023 |title=Sabalenka rolls past Rodina into third round of Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3102915/sabalenka-rolls-past-rodina-into-third-round-of-indian-wells |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320142103/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3102915/sabalenka-rolls-past-rodina-into-third-round-of-indian-wells |archive-date=20 March 2023 |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She reach de fourth round as qualifier Lesia Tsurenko withdraw.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ukrainian player had ‘panic attack’ after chat with WTA chief|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/mar/13/lesia-tsurenko-had-panic-attack-after-chat-with-wta-chief-left-her-shocked-tennis|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=13 March 2023}}</ref> She defeat Barbora Krejčíková insyd three sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2023 |title=Gauff survives Peterson; Sabalenka outlasts Krejcikova in Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3110420/gauff-survives-peterson-sabalenka-outlasts-krejcikova-in-indian-wells |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She defeat sixth seed Coco Gauff<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2023 |title=Sabalenka sweeps past Gauff into Indian Wells semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3111493/sabalenka-sweeps-past-gauff-into-indian-wells-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328080448/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3111493/sabalenka-sweeps-past-gauff-into-indian-wells-semifinals |archive-date=28 March 2023 |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den seventh seed Maria Sakkari insyd straight sets to reach de final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2023 |title=Sabalenka cruises into third final of season at Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113832/sabalenka-cruises-into-third-final-of-season-at-indian-wells |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Australian Open final, she loose to tenth seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=19 March 2023 |title=Rybakina tops Sabalenka to win Indian Wells title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530204200/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |archive-date=30 May 2023 |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd Miami, Sabalenka defeat Shelby Rogers,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wimer|first1=Zachary|title=Sabalenka Battles Injury To Start No. 1 Charge At Miami Open|url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/sabalenka-battles-injury-to-start-no-1-charge-at-miami-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Infinity|date=25 March 2023}}</ref> [[Marie Bouzková]], den Barbora Krejčíková,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Berkok|first1=John|title=Aryna Sabalenka becomes first woman to 20 wins this year with victory over Krejcikova in Miami|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-becomes-first-woman-to-20-wins-this-year-krejcikova-miami|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=28 March 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she be defeated by [[Sorana Cîrstea]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Miami Open 2023: Sorana Cirstea stuns Aryna Sabalenka to reach semi-finals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65118855|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=29 March 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein clay court season at de Stuttgart Open. She defeat Barbora Krejčíková insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats Krejcikova for third time in 2023 to make Stuttgart last-eight|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230419-sabalenka-beats-krejcikova-for-third-time-in-2023-to-make-stuttgart-last-eight|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[France 24]]|date=19 April 2023}}</ref> She defeat wildcard entrant Paula Badosa insyd three sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka comes from behind to beat Badosa, make Stuttgart semis|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3226422/sabalenka-comes-from-behind-to-beat-badosa-make-stuttgart-semis|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=21 April 2023}}</ref> She defeat [[Anastasia Potapova]] insyd straight sets to make ein third straight Stuttgart final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka eases into third straight Stuttgart final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3227940/sabalenka-eases-into-third-straight-stuttgart-final|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=22 April 2023}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of last year ein final, she be defeated by world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win second straight Stuttgart title|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3230399/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-defend-stuttgart-title|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=23 April 2023}}</ref> Insyd Madrid, Sabalenka defeat Sorana Cîrstea<ref>{{cite news|title=Mutua Madrid Open: Aryna Sabalenka sees off Sorana Cirstea in 2R to begin campaign|url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/131813/mutua-madrid-open-aryna-sabalenka-sees-off-sorana-cirstea-in-2r-to-begin-campaign-/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=28 April 2023}}</ref> den wildcard entrants Camila Osorio den [[Mirra Andreeva]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka halts Mirra Andreeva's breakthrough run in Madrid|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3249765/sabalenka-halts-mirra-andreevas-breakthrough-run-in-madrid|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=1 May 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she cam from a set down to beat [[Mayar Sherif]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka survives Madrid Open scare but Daniil Medvedev tumbles out|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/may/02/aryna-sabalenka-survives-scare-to-ease-through-to-madrid-open-semi-final-tennis-aslan-karatsev-daniil-medvedev|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=2 May 2023}}</ref> She defeat ninth seed Maria Sakkari insyd straight sets to reach ein second Madrid final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka surges past Sakkari into second Madrid final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3287309/sabalenka-surges-past-sakkari-into-second-madrid-final|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=4 May 2023}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd three sets to win ein second Madrid title den fifth WTA 1000 title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to win second Madrid title|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3324040/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-win-second-madrid-title|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=6 May 2023}}</ref> Insyd Rome, Sabalenka suffer ein first early defeat of de year, losing ein opening match to Sofia Kenin.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kenin knocks out Sabalenka in Rome second-round upset|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3340538/kenin-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-rome-second-round-upset|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=11 May 2023}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka defeat Marta Kostyuk,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka defeats Kostyuk in French Open first round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3490108/sabalenka-defeats-kostyuk-in-french-open-first-round|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=28 May 2023}}</ref> qualifier [[Iryna Shymanovich]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka holds off Shymanovich in Roland Garros second round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3515773/sabalenka-holds-off-shymanovich-in-roland-garros-second-round|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=31 May 2023}}</ref> [[Kamilla Rakhimova]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka, Stephens set Round of 16 showdown at French Open|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3527835/sabalenka-cruises-into-french-open-round-of-16|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 June 2023}}</ref> den Sloane Stephens,<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka stops Sloane Stephens to reach quarterfinals|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37795533/aryna-sabalenka-stops-sloane-stephens-reach-quarterfinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=4 June 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein first French Open quarterfinal. She defeat Elina Svitolina insyd straight sets to reach ein first French Open semifinal.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka shuffles into first Roland Garros semifinal over inspired Elina Svitolina|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-roland-garros-semifinal-over-inspired-elina-svitolina|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=6 June 2023}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd three sets, despite leading 5–2 den holding match point.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2023 |title=Muchova topples Sabalenka at French Open; makes first Grand Slam final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3532701/muchova-topples-sabalenka-at-french-open-makes-first-grand-slam-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910124212/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3532701/muchova-topples-sabalenka-at-french-open-makes-first-grand-slam-final |archive-date=10 September 2023 |access-date=14 September 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka begin ein grass court season at de German Open. She defeat qualifier Vera Zvonareva before losing to wildcard entrant Veronika Kudermetova. At de Wimbledon Championships, Sabalenka defeat [[Panna Udvardy]] insyd de first round.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Herman|first1=Martyn|title=Sabalenka races through against Udvardy|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-races-through-against-udvardy-2023-07-04/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=4 July 2023}}</ref> Insyd de second round, she cam from a set down to defeat [[Varvara Gracheva]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon 2023: Aryna Sabalenka fights past Varvara Gracheva; Iga Swiatek, Ons Jabeur win|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66132659|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=8 July 2023}}</ref> She defeat Anna Blinkova,<ref>{{cite news|title=No.2 Sabalenka powers into Wimbledon Round of 16|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3578549/no2-sabalenka-powers-into-wimbledon-round-of-16|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 July 2023}}</ref> Ekaterina Alexandrova,<ref>{{cite news|title=Superb Sabalenka glides past Alexandrova into Wimbledon quarter-finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/superb-sabalenka-glides-past-alexandrova-into-wimbledon-quarter-finals-2023-07-10/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=10 July 2023}}</ref> den Madison Keys,<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Madison Keys in straight sets to reach Wimbledon semifinals|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/07/12/sport/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-madison-keys-wimbledon-spt-intl|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[CNN]]|date=12 July 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein fourth consecutive major semifinal. Insyd de semifinals, she loose to sixth seed Ons Jabeur insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon 2023 results: Ons Jabeur fights back to beat Aryna Sabalenka and reach final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66191815|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=13 July 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein North American hard court season insyd Montréal. She defeat Petra Martić<ref>{{cite news|title=No.2 Sabalenka reels in Martic to win Montreal opener|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3624542/no2-sabalenka-reels-in-martic-to-win-montreal-opener#:~:text=In%20the%20tiebreak%2C%20Sabalenka%20came,hour%20and%2058%2Dminute%20match.&text=Sabalenka%20finished%20the%20match%20with,while%20hitting%2017%20unforced%20errors.|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=10 August 2023}}</ref> before losing to Liudmila Samsonova.<ref>{{cite news|title=Samsonova upsets Sabalenka, Pegula holds off Gauff at Canadian Open|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/samsonova-upsets-world-number-two-sabalenka-canadian-open-2023-08-11/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=12 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd Cincinnati, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Ann Li insyd three sets insyd ein opening match. She defeat Daria Kasatkina insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Western & Southern Open: Sabalenka reaches quarter-finals|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-reaches-quarter-finals-706059.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=18 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Wimbledon semifinal, she defeat fifth seed Ons Jabeur insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka steadies, scores bittersweet revenge over Ons Jabeur in Cincinnati|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-steadies-scores-bittersweet-revenge-over-ons-jabeur-in-cincinnat|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=19 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema French Open semifinal, she san fall to Karolína Muchová insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Muchova rallies past Sabalenka again for Cincinnati final berth|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3642067/muchova-rallies-past-sabalenka-again-for-cincinnati-final-berth|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=19 August 2023}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Maryna Zanevska]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka wobbles before seeing off Zanevska at US Open|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-wobbles-before-seeing-off-zanevska-us-open-2023-08-30/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=30 August 2023}}</ref> [[Jodie Burrage]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka powers past Burrage into U.S. Open third round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-powers-past-burrage-into-us-open-third-round-2023-08-31/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=1 September 2023}}</ref> Clara Burel,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka speeds into US Open second week; to face Kasatkina next|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3667129/sabalenka-speeds-past-burel-into-us-open-second-week|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 September 2023}}</ref> Daria Kasatkina,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka shines in first match since clinching No. 1, demolishes Daria Kasatkina at US Open|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-match-world-no-1-daria-kasatkina-2023-us-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=5 September 2023}}</ref> den [[Zheng Qinwen]],<ref name="semis">{{cite news|title=US Open 2023 results: Aryna Sabalenka beats Zheng Qinwen to reach semi-finals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66734895|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=7 September 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein third consecutive US Open semifinal. She cam be de first player to reach de semifinals of all four major events insyd one year since Serena Williams insyd 2016.<ref name="semis" /> She outlast Madison Keys after losing de first set 6–0 to reach ein first US Open final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka outlasts Keys, makes first US Open final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3677143/sabalenka-outlasts-keys-makes-first-us-open-final|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 September 2023}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to sixth seed Coco Gauff insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Maine|first1=D'Arcy|title=Coco Gauff tops Aryna Sabalenka to win US Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/38362953/coco-gauff-tops-aryna-sabalenka-win-us-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=9 September 2023}}</ref> Secof de loss of No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd de fourth round, Sabalenka cam be, for de first time, de world No. 1 tennis player.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka is about to be No. 1 in the WTA rankings. She could be the new US Open champ, too|url=https://apnews.com/article/us-open-live-updates-september-4-tennis-91207712f437c49b3d4dc2c56fca1270|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Associated Press]]|date=4 September 2023}}</ref> She cam be de 29th player to be ranked No. 1 insyd de world on de WTA Tour, den de second Belarusian, after Victoria Azarenka. She sanso be de eighth female player to have been ranked No. 1 insyd de Open Era insyd both singles den doubles at some point insyd dema careers.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shukla |first=Dr Balraj |date=1 October 2022 |title=9 players ranked World No. 1 in both singles and doubles ft. Martina Navratilova and Serena Williams |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/tennis/9-players-ranked-world-no-1-singles-doubles-ft-martina-navratilova-serena-williams |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208020513/https://www.sportskeeda.com/tennis/9-players-ranked-world-no-1-singles-doubles-ft-martina-navratilova-serena-williams |archive-date=8 December 2022 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=www.sportskeeda.com}}</ref> After de US Open, Sabalenka play at de China Open. She defeat wildcard entrant Sofia Kenin,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka shines in first match as No. 1, Vondrousova crashes in Beijing|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-shines-first-match-no-1-vondrousova-crashes-beijing-2023-10-01/|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=1 October 2023}}</ref> qualifier Katie Boulter,<ref>{{cite news|title=China Open: Aryna Sabalenka beats Katie Boulter in second round|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66991990|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=3 October 2023}}</ref> den Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{cite news|title=China Open: World number one Aryna Sabalenka progresses to quarter-final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/67015133|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=5 October 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to fifth seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=China Open: Elena Rybakina downs world No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka as Coco Gauff and Iga Swiatek set up last-four clash|url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/china-open-coco-gauff-and-iga-swiatek-to-meet-in-semi-final-as-world-no.-1-aryna-sabalenka-crashes-o_sto9826436/story.shtml|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[TNT Sports]]|date=7 October 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka make ein third consecutive appearance at de WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka, Swiatek lead first set of qualifiers for WTA Finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-lead-first-set-qualifiers-wta-finals-2023-09-23/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=23 September 2023}}</ref> She defeat Maria Sakkari<ref>{{cite news|title=No.1 Sabalenka dominates Sakkari to open WTA Finals campaign|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3760543/sabalenka-races-past-sakkari-to-win-wta-finals-opener|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=30 October 2023}}</ref> den Elena Rybakina<ref>{{cite news|title=Top seed Sabalenka knocks Rybakina out of WTA Finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/top-seed-sabalenka-knocks-rybakina-out-wta-finals-2023-11-03/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=4 November 2023}}</ref> buh she loose to Jessica Pegula<ref>{{cite news|title=Pegula handles top-ranked Sabalenka; advances to semifinals in Cancun|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3762715/pegula-handles-top-ranked-sabalenka-improves-to-2-0-at-wta-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=31 October 2023}}</ref> insyd de round-robin stage. Insyd de semifinals, she loose to Iga Świątek insyd straight sets, who go go on to win de event.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-iga-swiatek-vs-aryna-sabalenka-results|title=Iga Swiatek into final after dominant win over Aryna Sabalenka at WTA Finals|newspaper=The Guardian|date=5 November 2023|accessdate=29 December 2023|last1=Carayol|first1=Tumaini}}</ref> As a result, Świątek reclaim de world No. 1 ranking wey Sabalenka fini as year-end No. 2.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek returns to No. 1 with WTA Finals win over Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/38834897/swiatek-returns-world-no-1-wta-finals-win-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215075919/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/38834897/swiatek-returns-world-no-1-wta-finals-win-pegula |archive-date=15 December 2023 |accessdate=29 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=7 November 2023|title=By the numbers: The 2023 year-end rankings|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772549/by-the-numbers-the-2023-year-end-rankings|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2024: Two major titles, year-end No. 1 === [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_US_Open_2024.jpg|left|thumb|Sabalenka at de 2024 US Open]] Sabalenka start ein 2024 tennis season at de Brisbane International. She defeat [[Lucia Bronzetti]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Avila|first1=Cristhián|title=2024 Brisbane International: Aryna SABALENKA exhibits top form, dispatching Lucia BRONZETTI in straight-sets|url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/match-report-2024-brisbane-international-aryna-sabalenka-exhibits-top-form-dispatching-lucia-bronzetti-in-straight-sets|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis UpToDate|date=3 January 2024}}</ref> [[Zhu Lin (tennis)|Zhu Lin]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Harper|first1=Lachlan|title='I'm super happy to be back': Defending Australian Open champion Aryna Sabalenka charms crowd with classic interview|url=https://www.nine.com.au/sport/tennis/brisbane-international-tennis-2024-aryna-sabalenka-interview-zhu-lin-result-20240104-p5j8vj.html|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Nine.com.au]]|date=4 January 2024}}</ref> Daria Kasatkina,<ref>{{Cite news|date=5 January 2024|title=Sabalenka bests Kasatkina in Brisbane, wins 14th straight Australian match|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3849585/sabalenka-bests-kasatkina-in-brisbane-wins-14th-straight-australian-match|access-date=4 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den Victoria Azarenka<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2024 |title=Sabalenka bests Azarenka; to renew rivalry with Rybakina in Brisbane final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850355/sabalenka-bests-azarenka-to-renew-rivalry-with-rybakina-in-brisbane-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240712204241/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850355/sabalenka-bests-azarenka-to-renew-rivalry-with-rybakina-in-brisbane-final |archive-date=12 July 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de final. Insyd de final, she loose to second seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina races past Sabalenka to win Brisbane International |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850958/rybakina-races-past-sabalenka-to-win-brisbane-international |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107065759/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850958/rybakina-races-past-sabalenka-to-win-brisbane-international |archive-date=7 January 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Sabalenka overcame qualifier [[Ella Seidel]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/67973427|title=Australian Open 2024 results: Aryna Sabalenka, Maria Sakkari and Caroline Wozniacki advance|work=BBC Sport|date=14 January 2024|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=10 December 2024}}</ref> qualifier [[Brenda Fruhvirtová]],<ref>{{cite web |date=17 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Sabalenka glides past Fruhvirtova into third round |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/tennis/australian-open-2024-score-results-sabalenka-vs-fruhvirtova-highlights-round-2-match/article67748142.ece |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Sportstar}}</ref> Lesia Tsurenko,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mulvenney |first1=Nick |date=19 January 2024 |title=No handshakes as Sabalenka downs Ukraine's Tsurenko in third round |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/no-handshakes-sabalenka-downs-ukraines-tsurenko-third-round-2024-01-19/ |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> Amanda Anisimova,<ref>{{cite web |date=21 January 2024 |title=Sabalenka easily ends Anisimova's Australian Open run |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/sabalenka-easily-ends-anisimovas-australian-open-run-739121.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226165053/https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/sabalenka-easily-ends-anisimovas-australian-open-run-739121.html |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> ninth seed Barbora Krejčíková,<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka storms past Barbora Krejcikova to set up Coco Gauff semi-final at 2024 Australian Open |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/australian-open/2024/aryna-sabalenka-storms-past-barbora-krejcikova-to-set-up-coco-gauff-semi-final-at-2024-australian-op_sto9986817/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123113458/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/australian-open/2024/aryna-sabalenka-storms-past-barbora-krejcikova-to-set-up-coco-gauff-semi-final-at-2024-australian-op_sto9986817/story.shtml |archive-date=23 January 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de semifinals. Insyd a rematch of dema US Open final, she defeat fourth seed Coco Gauff insyd straight sets to reach ein second consecutive Australian Open final.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68083625|title=Australian Open 2024 results: Aryna Sabalenka beats Coco Gauff & faces Zheng Qinwen|work=BBC Sport|date=25 January 2024|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=10 December 2024|archive-date=14 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240214070924/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68083625|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Braidwood |first=Jamie |date=27 January 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka's dominant Australian Open defence completes a stunning transformation |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-qinwen-zheng-result-b2485879.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127120003/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-qinwen-zheng-result-b2485879.html |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=27 January 2024 |work=The Independent}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68109149|title=Australian Open 2024 women's final result: Aryna Sabalenka beats Zheng Qinwen in Melbourne|work=BBC Sport|date=27 January 2024|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=10 December 2024|archive-date=27 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127102341/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68109149|url-status=live}}</ref> becoming de first woman to successfully defend ein title at de Australian Open since Victoria Azarenka insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Parry |first=Martin |date=27 January 2024 |title=Dominant Sabalenka crushes Zheng to defend Australian Open title |url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/dominant-sabalenka-crushes-zheng-defend-101250205.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127102602/https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/dominant-sabalenka-crushes-zheng-defend-101250205.html |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=27 January 2024 |publisher=Yahoo! Sport}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ronald |first=Issy |date=27 January 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka successfully defends women's Australian Open title, defeating Zheng Qinwen in dominant fashion |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/01/27/sport/aryna-sabalenka-womens-australian-open-title-zheng-2024-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127101459/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/01/27/sport/aryna-sabalenka-womens-australian-open-title-zheng-2024-spt-intl/index.html |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=27 January 2024 |publisher=CNN}}</ref> At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka defeat [[Peyton Stearns]]<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carroll|first=Rory|date=10 March 2024|title=Sabalenka escapes Stearns to reach Indian Wells third round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/gauff-survives-burel-scare-indian-wells-2024-03-09/|access-date=4 August 2024|work=[[Reuter]]}}</ref> den wildcard entrant [[Emma Raducanu]]<ref>{{Cite news|date=11 March 2024|title=Sabalenka holds off Raducanu in Indian Wells third round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3931023/sabalenka-holds-off-raducanu-in-indian-wells-third-round|access-date=4 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> before losing to [[Emma Navarro]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=14 March 2024|title=Navarro stuns Sabalenka, Gauff cruises into Indian Wells quarters|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/navarro-stuns-sabalenka-reach-indian-wells-quarters-2024-03-13/|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she defeat Paula Badosa<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ronald|first=Issy|date=23 March 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins at Miami Open in first match since death of her former partner|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/03/23/sport/aryna-sabalenka-miami-open-paula-badosa-spt-intl|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> before losing to [[Anhelina Kalinina]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Keating|first=Steve|date=24 March 2024|title=Emotional Sabalenka exits Miami Open in fit of rage|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/emotional-sabalenka-exits-miami-open-fit-rage-2024-03-24/|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein clay season insyd Stuttgart. She reach de quarterfinals wen Paula Badosa retire,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins bestie battle against injured Paula Badosa in late-night Stuttgart match|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wins-bestie-battle-against-injured-paula-badosa-in-late-night-stuttgart-match|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=17 April 2024}}</ref> buh na she be eliminated by sixth seed Markéta Vondroušová insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 April 2024 |title=Vondrousova knocks out Sabalenka in Stuttgart quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3972785/vondrousova-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-stuttgart-quarterfinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523131538/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3972785/vondrousova-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-stuttgart-quarterfinals |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> As de defending champion insyd Madrid, Sabalenka reach de quarterfinals after three-set wins over Magda Linette,<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka 'up and down' in Madrid win over Magda Linette, Katie Boulter stunned by teenager Robin Montgomery |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/aryna-sabalenka-survives-scare-to-overcome-magda-linette-elena-rybakina-eases-past-lucia-bronzetti-a_sto10117748/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426135203/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/aryna-sabalenka-survives-scare-to-overcome-magda-linette-elena-rybakina-eases-past-lucia-bronzetti-a_sto10117748/story.shtml |archive-date=26 April 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> wildcard entrant [[Robin Montgomery]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Madrid Open: Champion Sabalenka fends off impressive Montgomery to reach last 16|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/madrid-open-sabalenka-reaches-last-16-757853.html|access-date=7 September 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=28 April 2024}}</ref> den Danielle Collins.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 April 2024 |title=Sabalenka ends Collins' winning streak to keep Madrid title defense alive |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3989908/sabalenka-ends-collins-winning-streak-to-keep-madrid-title-defense-alive |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525075532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3989908/sabalenka-ends-collins-winning-streak-to-keep-madrid-title-defense-alive |archive-date=25 May 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She defeat Mirra Andreeva insyd straight sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka ends Andreeva's Madrid run to reach semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3991411/sabalenka-ends-andreevas-madrid-run-to-reach-semifinals |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she edge an epic three-set victory over fourth seed Elena Rybakina.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2 May 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka storms back against Elena Rybakina for Madrid final rematch with Swiatek|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-storms-back-against-elena-rybakina-for-madrid-final-rematch-with-swiatek|access-date=7 August 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of de previous year ein final, she face world No. 1 Iga Świątek. Sabalenka get three championship points during de match, buh she eventually loose.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka in epic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-in-epic-2024-madrid-open-final-over-three-sets-with-tie-break-de_sto10130351/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504213149/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-in-epic-2024-madrid-open-final-over-three-sets-with-tie-break-de_sto10130351/story.shtml |archive-date=4 May 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> Insyd Rome, Sabalenka cam from a set down to defeat qualifier [[Katie Volynets]] insyd ein opening match. Insyd de third round, she defeat Dayana Yastremska insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she cam from a set down to defeat Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka saves three match points to beat Svitolina in late-night thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4010587/sabalenka-saves-three-match-points-to-beat-svitolina-in-late-night-thriller |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She defeat ninth seed Jeļena Ostapenko<ref name="Madrid2024QF">{{cite web |date=17 May 2024 |title=Rome: It's a Swiatek v Sabalenka rematch final |url=https://tennisthreads.net/rome-its-a-swiatek-v-sabalenka-rematch-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611122538/https://tennisthreads.net/rome-its-a-swiatek-v-sabalenka-rematch-final/ |archive-date=11 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Tennis Threads}}</ref> den Danielle Collins insyd straight sets to reach de final.<ref name="Madrid2024QF" /> Insyd de final, she san face Iga Świątek, wey she loose insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602145554/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=2 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Erika Andreeva]],<ref>{{cite web |title=French Open 2024: Aryna Sabalenka blitzes Erika Andreeva to get Roland-Garros campaign off to winning start |url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/roland-garros-women/2024/french-open-2024-aryna-sabalenka-blitzes-erika-andreeva-to-get-roland-garros-campaign-off-to-winning-start_sto20007576/story.shtml?welcome=eurosport |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> qualifier [[Moyuka Uchijima]],<ref>{{cite web |date=30 May 2024 |title=Sabalenka claims commanding straight-set win |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn2gv3kq1o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240831193511/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn2gv3kq1o |archive-date=31 August 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Paula Badosa<ref>{{cite web |date=June 2024 |title=Sabalenka powers past 'best friend' Badosa in Paris |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cjll1z6k4w3o |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> den Emma Navarro,<ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2024 |title=Roland-Garros: Sabalenka through to last eight |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/roland-garros-sabalenka-through-to-last-8-765677.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611174203/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/roland-garros-sabalenka-through-to-last-8-765677.html |archive-date=11 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she be hampered by stomach issues<ref>{{cite web |date=6 June 2024 |title="I had a difficult time out there" – Sabalenka reveals being unwell during Andreeva loss |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/i-had-a-difficult-time-out-there-sabalenka-reveals-being-unwell-during-andreeva-loss-766293.html |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> wey she loose to Mirra Andreeva insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andreeva becomes youngest Grand Slam semifinalist in 27 years |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4033773/andreeva-becomes-youngest-grand-slam-semifinalist-in-27-years |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606025000/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4033773/andreeva-becomes-youngest-grand-slam-semifinalist-in-27-years |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Secof ein loss, ein ranking drop to No. 3.<ref>{{Cite news|last=West|first=Ewan|date=5 June 2024|title=Coco Gauff set for incredible rankings breakthrough after Aryna Sabalenka’s French Open exit|url=https://www.tennis365.com/tennis-news/coco-gauff-rankings-breakthrough-world-no-2-aryna-sabalenka-french-open|access-date=6 August 2026|work=Tennis365}}</ref> Sabalenka suffer a right shoulder injury wey force am to retire during ein quarterfinal match against Anna Kalinskaya at de Berlin Open insyd June<ref>{{cite web |date=22 June 2024 |title=Sabalenka and Jabeur retire at Berlin Open |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn1k7zpg7o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240928135211/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn1k7zpg7o |archive-date=28 September 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> wey she withdraw from de Wimbledon Championships, having failed to recover in time to play.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 2024 |title=Sabalenka withdraws from Wimbledon due to shoulder injury |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4048045/sabalenka-withdraws-from-wimbledon-due-to-shoulder-injury |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704231352/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4048045/sabalenka-withdraws-from-wimbledon-due-to-shoulder-injury |archive-date=4 July 2024 |accessdate=8 July 2024 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_Trophy_US_Open_2024.jpg|right|thumb|Sabalenka dey lift de 2024 US Open singles trophy]] Sabalenka return from injury at de Washington DC Open. She defeat qualifier Kamilla Rakhimova<ref>{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Washington Open: Sabalenka moves into last eight|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/washington-open-sabalenka-moves-into-last-eight-776700.html|access-date=6 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> den Victoria Azarenka<ref>{{Cite news|date=3 August 2024|title=Washington Open: Sabalenka books spot in last four|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/washington-open-sabalenka-books-spot-in-last-4-776993.html|access-date=6 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> to reach de semifinals, wer she loose to Marie Bouzková insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite news|date=3 August 2024|title=Error-prone Aryna Sabalenka stumbles out of DC Open in the semifinals|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2024/08/03/dc-open-semifinals-aryna-sabalenka-paula-badosa-ben-shelton-frances-tiafoe-sebastian-korda/|access-date=6 August 2026|work=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> At de Canadian Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Yuan Yue]] den Katie Boulter to reach de quarterfinals,<ref>{{cite news|title=Boulter knocked out of Canadian Open by Sabalenka|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clyl204d2nlo|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=10 August 2024}}</ref> wer she loose to Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Amanda Anisimova upsets Aryna Sabalenka to make Toronto semis|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40812988/amanda-anisimova-upsets-aryna-sabalenka-make-toronto-semis|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=10 August 2024}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Elisabetta Cocciaretto]],<ref>{{Cite news|date=15 August 2024|title=Sabalenka makes strong start at Western & Southern Open|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-moves-into-last-16-779352.html|access-date=4 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> Elina Svitolina,<ref>{{Cite news|date=16 August 2024|title=By the numbers: Sabalenka seals fourth Cincinnati quarterfinal berth|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4084431/sabalenka|access-date=4 August 2024|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den Liudmila Samsonova<ref>{{Cite news|last=Dimon|first=Ricky|date=17 August 2024|title=Sabalenka sinks Samsonova to reach Cincinnati semi-finals|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-into-semi-finals-779633.html|access-date=4 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> to reach de semifinals. She defeat world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd de semifinals,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka beats Swiatek to reach Cincinnati final |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd6y282w997o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240828175928/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd6y282w997o |archive-date=28 August 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news|last=Grez|first=Matias|date=19 August 2024|title=Cincinnati Open: Aryna Sabalenka defeats Iga Świątek to set up final against Jessica Pegula|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/08/19/sport/cincinnati-open-aryna-sabalenka-jessica-pegula-spt-intl|access-date=6 August 2026|work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> wey she defeat sixth seed Jessica Pegula to win de title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka wins first title since Australian Open |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c0mn84mk9ygo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240907232826/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c0mn84mk9ygo |archive-date=7 September 2024 |accessdate=7 September 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=19 August 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka tops Jessica Pegula, wins first Cincinnati Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40921088/aryna-sabalenka-tops-jessica-pegula-wins-first-cincinnati-open|access-date=6 August 2026|work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Ein ranking move back to No. 2.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Priscilla Hon]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tennery |first1=Amy |date=27 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka cruises past Hon in US Open first round |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-cruises-past-hon-us-open-first-round-2024-08-27/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> den Lucia Bronzetti insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka hammers Bronzetti to reach U.S. Open third round |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-hammers-bronzetti-reach-us-open-third-round-2024-08-28/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Ekaterina Alexandrova.<ref>{{cite web |date=31 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka shrugs off late US Open start to battle past Alexandrova |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-shrugs-off-late-us-open-start-battle-past-alexandrova-2024-08-31/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> She defeat Elise Mertens,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 September 2024 |title=Sabalenka reaches fourth US Open quarter-final in a row |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cy0n2p4ewl3o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908090411/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cy0n2p4ewl3o |archive-date=8 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> seventh seed Zheng Qinwen<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tennery |first1=Amy |date=4 September 2024 |title=Sabalenka cruises past Zheng to reach US Open semi-final |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-cruises-past-zheng-reach-us-open-semi-final-2024-09-04/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> den Emma Navarro,<ref>{{cite web |date=6 September 2024 |title=Back-to-back: Sabalenka beats Navarro to make second straight US Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4107917/back-to-back-sabalenka-beats-navarro-to-make-second-straight-us-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908090410/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4107917/back-to-back-sabalenka-beats-navarro-to-make-second-straight-us-open-final |archive-date=8 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein second straight US Open final. She defeat sixth seed Jessica Pegula insyd straight sets to win ein first US Open singles title den third major singles title.<ref>{{cite web |date=7 September 2024 |title=World No. 2 Aryna Sabalenka wins US Open over American Jessica Pegula for third grand slam singles title |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/07/sport/us-open-final-pegula-sabalenka-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240907232122/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/07/sport/us-open-final-pegula-sabalenka-spt-intl/index.html |archive-date=7 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=7 September 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka bests American hope Jessica Pegula for U.S. Open title in New York City |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/sports/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-bests-american-hope-jessica-pegula-us-open-title-rcna169925 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908003344/https://www.nbcnews.com/sports/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-bests-american-hope-jessica-pegula-us-open-title-rcna169925 |archive-date=8 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=NBC News}}</ref> She cam be de fifth woman to win de Australian Open den de US Open insyd de same year since 1988.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Maine|first=D’Arcy|date=7 September 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka beats Jessica Pegula to win elusive US Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/41167233/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-jessica-pegula-straight-sets-win-us-open|access-date=5 August 2026|work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Sabalenka continue ein great form insyd China. At de China Open, she defeat qualifier [[Mananchaya Sawangkaew]],<ref>{{cite web |date=28 September 2024 |title=Sabalenka holds off qualifier Sawangkaew in Beijing for 13th straight win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4132051/sabalenka-holds-off-qualifier-sawangkaew-in-beijing-for-13th-straight-win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226091235/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4132051/sabalenka-holds-off-qualifier-sawangkaew-in-beijing-for-13th-straight-win |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> [[Ashlyn Krueger]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Big in Beijing: Sabalenka takes win streak to 14, one shy of career high |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4136517/big-in-beijing-sabalenka-takes-win-streak-to-14-one-shy-of-career-high |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003203638/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4136517/big-in-beijing-sabalenka-takes-win-streak-to-14-one-shy-of-career-high |archive-date=3 October 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> den Madison Keys,<ref>{{cite web |date=1 October 2024 |title=Sabalenka beats Keys in Beijing to win 15th straight, matches personal best |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4138269/sabalenka-beats-keys-in-beijing-to-win-15th-straight-matches-personal-best |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112005634/https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4138269/sabalenka-beats-keys-in-beijing-to-win-15th-straight-matches-personal-best |archive-date=12 November 2024 |accessdate=11 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to Karolína Muchová insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Karolina Muchova snaps Aryna Sabalenka's 15-match win streak to reach Beijing semifinals |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-muchova-snaps-aryna-sabalenka-15-match-win-streak-zheng-qinwen-beijing |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112005633/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-muchova-snaps-aryna-sabalenka-15-match-win-streak-zheng-qinwen-beijing |archive-date=12 November 2024 |accessdate=11 November 2024 |publisher=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Wuhan Open, wer she win back-to-back insyd 2018 den 2019, before de tournament be suspended secof [[COVID-19]] from 2020 til 2023, Sabalenka defeat Kateřina Siniaková insyd straight sets insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 October 2024 |title=Two-time defending champion Sabalenka returns to winning ways in Wuhan |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4146107/two-time-defending-champion-sabalenka-returns-to-winning-ways-in-wuhan |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam back from a set down against Yulia Putintseva.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka makes 11th straight quarterfinal to stay undefeated in Wuhan |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4146984/sabalenka-makes-11th-straight-quarterfinal-to-stay-undefeated-in-wuhan |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226164253/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4146984/sabalenka-makes-11th-straight-quarterfinal-to-stay-undefeated-in-wuhan |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de quarterfinals, she defeat [[Magdalena Fręch]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka's 42-winner barrage propels her into Wuhan semis; Gauff awaits |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4147473/sabalenkas-42-winner-barrage-propels-her-into-wuhan-semis-gauff-awaits |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she mount a comeback from a set den a break down against fourth seed Coco Gauff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka snaps Gauff's streak to make third Wuhan final; faces Zheng |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4147952/sabalenka-snaps-gauffs-streak-to-make-third-wuhan-final-faces-zheng |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat fifth seed Zheng Qinwen insyd three sets to lift ein third Wuhan Open title den ein second WTA 1000 title for de 2024 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=13 October 2024 |title=Sabalenka beats Zheng in three-set thriller to win third Wuhan title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4148330/sabalenka-beats-zheng-in-three-set-thriller-to-win-third-wuhan-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112163106/https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4148330/sabalenka-beats-zheng-in-three-set-thriller-to-win-third-wuhan-title |archive-date=12 November 2024 |accessdate=12 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After 11 months off de top insyd October, Sabalenka regain de WTA world number-one ranking.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Zagoria|first=Adam|date=21 October 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka Reclaims World No. 1 Ranking|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/adamzagoria/2024/10/21/aryna-sabalenka-reclaims-world-no-1-ranking/|access-date=7 August 2026|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Following wins against Zheng Qinwen<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka's decisive opening victory against Zheng sets tone at WTA Finals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4161763/sabalenkas-decisive-opening-victory-against-zheng-sets-tone-at-wta-finals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226182709/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4161763/sabalenkas-decisive-opening-victory-against-zheng-sets-tone-at-wta-finals |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> den Jasmine Paolini insyd ein first two group matches at de WTA Finals,<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2024 |title=Zheng into last four of Finals as Sabalenka loses |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c74lz1qqjqko |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113034321/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c74lz1qqjqko |archive-date=13 November 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> combined plus Świątek ein loss to Coco Gauff, Sabalenka for de first time go finish as year-end No. 1.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kapetanekis|first=Arthur|date=5 November 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka clinches WTA year-end No. 1 ranking for first time|url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-11-05/aryna_sabalenka_clinches_wta_yearend_no_1_ranking_for_first_time.html|access-date=7 August 2026|work=US Open}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Macpherson|first=Alex|date=11 November 2024|title=Year-end rankings wrap: A look at the new No.1, Top 10 shifts and much more|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4166962/by-the-numbers-the-2024-year-end-rankings|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She loose ein last group match to Elena Rybakina<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2024 |title=Rybakina hands No.1 Sabalenka first loss at WTA Finals Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4164035/rybakina-hands-no1-sabalenka-first-loss-at-wta-finals-riyadh |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226171110/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4164035/rybakina-hands-no1-sabalenka-first-loss-at-wta-finals-riyadh |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wey na she be defeated by Coco Gauff insyd de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gauff takes down Sabalenka and is one win away from the WTA Finals crown |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4165502/gauff-takes-down-sabalenka-and-is-one-win-away-from-the-wta-finals-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207101323/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4165502/gauff-takes-down-sabalenka-and-is-one-win-away-from-the-wta-finals-crown |archive-date=7 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd December, na dem name Sabalenka WTA Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 December 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka voted Player of the Year as WTA Awards Week kicks off |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4182688/aryna-sabalenka-voted-player-of-the-year-as-wta-awards-week-kicks-off |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241209210715/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4182688/aryna-sabalenka-voted-player-of-the-year-as-wta-awards-week-kicks-off |archive-date=9 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 December 2024 |title=Sabalenka voted WTA Player of the Year |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clyj6jm28dgo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210085540/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clyj6jm28dgo |archive-date=10 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> === 2025: US Open title, year-end No. 1 === Sabalenka start 2025 at de Brisbane International. She defeat [[Renata Zarazúa]],<ref>{{cite web |date=31 December 2024 |title=Sabalenka opens season with clinical Brisbane win |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr56jrzjd14o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106160357/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr56jrzjd14o |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Yulia Putintseva,<ref>{{cite web |title=Brisbane takeaways: Sabalenka overcomes tough first set, outlasts Putintseva |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193141/takeaways-sabalenka-passes-putintseva-test-to-reach-brisbane-quarters |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106160357/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193141/takeaways-sabalenka-passes-putintseva-test-to-reach-brisbane-quarters |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Marie Bouzková,<ref>{{cite web |date=3 January 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka advances to semis after 'really tough' battle against Marie Bouzková |url=https://www.nine.com.au/sport/tennis/brisbane-international-2025-aryna-sabalenka-quarter-finals-interview-marie-bouzkov-20250103-p5l20y.html |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=Nine}}</ref> den No. 16 Mirra Andreeva,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka beats Andreeva in Brisbane semis for 40th career win in Australia |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193992/sabalenka-beats-andreeva-in-brisbane-semis-for-40th-career-win-in-australia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106005334/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193992/sabalenka-beats-andreeva-in-brisbane-semis-for-40th-career-win-in-australia |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de final. Insyd de final, she cam back from a set down against qualifier [[Polina Kudermetova]] to win de title.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 January 2025 |title=Sabalenka wins Brisbane title; Osaka retires in Auckland |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cz6l53z974zo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106083449/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cz6l53z974zo |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=No.1 Sabalenka holds off Polina Kudermetova to win Brisbane title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194305/no-1-sabalenka-holds-off-polina-kudermetova-to-win-brisbane-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105160601/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194305/no-1-sabalenka-holds-off-polina-kudermetova-to-win-brisbane-title |archive-date=5 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> As de two-time defending champion at de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat Sloane Stephens,<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2025 |title=Sabalenka breezes past Stephens to make Australian Open second round |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/it-feels-like-home-two-time-defending-champion-sabalenka-breezes-past-stephens-in-melbourne-803297.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250115180743/https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/it-feels-like-home-two-time-defending-champion-sabalenka-breezes-past-stephens-in-melbourne-803297.html |archive-date=15 January 2025 |access-date=12 January 2025 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Jéssica Bouzas Maneiro]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Siegemund upsets Zheng; Sabalenka holds on at Australian Open|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4198740/siegemund-upsets-zheng-sabalenka-holds-on-at-australian-open|access-date=17 January 2025|work=Women's Tennis Association|language=en|archive-date=17 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117030057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4198740/siegemund-upsets-zheng-sabalenka-holds-on-at-australian-open|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Clara Tauson]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka clinches tense match with scorching backhand|url=https://www.smh.com.au/sport/tennis/sabalenka-clinches-tense-match-with-scorching-backhand-20250117-p5l58c.html|access-date=17 January 2025|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=17 January 2025|language=en|archive-date=17 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117030057/https://www.smh.com.au/sport/tennis/sabalenka-clinches-tense-match-with-scorching-backhand-20250117-p5l58c.html|url-status=live}}</ref> den No. 15 Mirra Andreeva, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat No.12 Paula Badosa insyd straight sets to advance to ein third straight Australian Open final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka sweeps past Badosa into third straight AO final|url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/sabalenka-sweeps-past-badosa-third-straight-ao-final|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to No. 14 Madison Keys insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Australian Open: Keys upsets 2-time champion Sabalenka in women's final for 1st Grand Slam title|url=https://apnews.com/article/australian-open-2025-women-final-keys-sabalenka-9c448968ccd1ef1e3ccc1a068d1808bc|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Australian Open F: Aryna Sabalenka vs Madison Keys Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250125-W-Australian_Open-F-Aryna_Sabalenka-Madison_Keys.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> At de Qatar Open, Sabalenka loose ein opening match against Ekaterina Alexandrova.<ref>{{cite news|title=Alexandrova stuns Sabalenka in third-set tiebreak for sixth straight win|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4214516/alexandrova-stuns-sabalenka-in-third-set-tiebreak-for-sixth-straight-win|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> At de Dubai Championships, she defeat qualifier Veronika Kudermetov<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|title=Sabalenka wins in Dubai; Zheng and Andreeva matches postponed to Wednesday|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4217914/sabalenka-wins-in-dubai-zheng-and-andreeva-matches-postponed-to-wednesday|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> before losing to Clara Tauson.<ref>{{cite news|title=Clara Tauson thumps Aryna Sabalenka in Dubai third-round upset|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/clara-tauson-thumps-aryna-sabalenka-in-dubai-third-round-upset|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_at_2025_Miami_Open_04_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb| Sabalenka at a 2025 Miami Open press conference]] At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka defeat [[McCartney Kessler]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Indian Wells R64: Aryna Sabalenka vs Mccartney Kessler Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250308-W-Indian_Wells-R64-Aryna_Sabalenka-Mccartney_Kessler.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref><ref name="tennis.com">{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins Indian Wells opener over McCartney Kessler|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wins-indian-wells-opener-mccartney-kessler|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> Lucia Bronzetti,<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka annihilates Bronzetti in the 3rd round – INDIAN WELLS RESULTS. HIGHLIGHTS. HIGHLIGHTS, INTERVIEW|url=https://tennistonic.com/tennis-news/835884/aryna-sabalenka-annihilates-bronzetti-in-the-3rd-round-indian-wells-results-highlights-highlights-interview/|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> lucky loser [[Sonay Kartal]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Indian Wells takeaways: Sabalenka reaches quarters for second time|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4232446/indian-wells-takeaways-sabalenka-reaches-quarters-for-second-time|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> den Liudmila Samsonova,<ref>{{cite news|title=Indian Wells: Aryna Sabalenka Eases Past Liudmila Samsonova To Set Up SF Against Madison Keys|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/sports/tennis/indian-wells-open-2025-aryna-sabalenka-beats-liudmila-samsonova-to-set-up-semifinal-against-madison-keys-match-report|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de semifinals. Insyd a rematch of dema Australian Open final, she defeat fifth seed Madison Keys insyd straight sets to reach ein second Indian Wells final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Women's Semifinal: Stingy Sabalenka Gets Rapid Revenge On Keys|url=https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/aryna-sabalenka-madison-keys-2025|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to ninth seed Mirra Andreeva insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite news|date=16 March 2025|title=Mirra Andreeva stops No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka for Indian Wells title|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/44279674/mirra-andreeva-stops-no-1-aryna-sabalenka-indian-wells-title|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> At de Miami Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Viktoriya Tomova]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka makes quick work of Tomova to book Miami third-round spot|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4236330/sabalenka-makes-quick-work-of-tomova-to-book-miami-third-round-spot|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> She reach de fourth round as qualifier [[Elena-Gabriela Ruse]] retire while trailing by a set.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins as Elena-Gabriela Ruse retires injured|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/44361560/aryna-sabalenka-wins-elena-gabriela-ruse-retires-injury|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> She defeat defending champion Danielle Collins,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka ousts defending champ Collins; to meet Zheng in Miami quarters|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4238241/sabalenka-ousts-defending-champ-collins-to-meet-zheng-in-miami-quarters|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> ninth seed Zheng Qinwen,<ref>{{cite news|title=Miami Open: Aryna Sabalenka Improves to 6–0 Over Qinwen Zheng|url=https://www.si.com/onsi/serve/news/miami-open-aryna-sabalenka-improves-6-0-over-qinwen-zheng|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Miami QF: Qinwen Zheng vs Aryna Sabalenka Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250325-W-Miami-QF-Qinwen_Zheng-Aryna_Sabalenka.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> sixth seed Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka to face Pegula in Miami final as Eala beaten|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c17q4kz90xwo|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> den fourth seed Jessica Pegula to win de title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Jessica Pegula, wins Miami Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/44459318/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-jessica-pegula-wins-miami-open|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Miami F: Aryna Sabalenka vs Jessica Pegula Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250329-W-Miami-F-Aryna_Sabalenka-Jessica_Pegula.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> She cam be de eighth player to have surpassed de 10,000 points mark insyd de WTA rankings.<ref>{{Cite news|date=30 March 2025|title=World No.1 Aryna Sabalenka surpasses greats on all-time WTA rankings with first Miami Open title|url=https://www.nine.com.au/sport/tennis/miami-open-final-2025-aryna-sabalenka-defeats-jessica-pegula-results-wta-rankings-record-20250330-p5lnne.html|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[Nine.com.au]]}}</ref> Starting ein clay season at de Stuttgart Open, Sabalenka reach de quarterfinals via walkover wen Anastasia Potapova withdraw secof injury.<ref name="express.co.uk">{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka in 'awkward' situation as she asks rival 'what are you doing to me?'|url=https://www.express.co.uk/sport/tennis/2042919/Aryna-Sabalenka-Porsche-Tennis-Grand-Prix-Stuttgart|access-date=17 April 2025}}</ref> She defeat Elise Mertens<ref name="express.co.uk" /> den fifth seed Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{Cite news|date=20 April 2025|title=Sabalenka beats Paolini to reach fourth Stuttgart final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c0l09ylz23do|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein fourth Stuttgart final. She loose de championship match against Jeļena Ostapenko insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2025 |title=Ostapenko defeats Sabalenka for first time to claim Stuttgart title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4252173/ostapenko-defeats-sabalenka-for-first-time-to-claim-stuttgart-title |website=WTATennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2025 |title=Jelena Ostapenko stuns Aryna Sabalenka to win Tennis Grand Prix in Stuttgart |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6295962/2025/04/21/jelena-ostapenko-stuttgart-tennis-grand-prix-sabalenka-result-analysis/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Anna Blinkova insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka passes Blinkova test to advance to Madrid third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4253943/sabalenka-passes-blinkova-test-to-advance-to-madrid-third-round |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Elise Mertens.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka defeats Mertens for ninth straight time to make Madrid last 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4255050/sabalenka-defeats-mertens-for-ninth-straight-time-to-make-madrid-last-16 |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> She defeat Peyton Stearns,<ref>{{cite web |date=29 April 2025 |title=No. 1 Sabalenka moves past Stearns into Madrid quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4256297/no-1-sabalenka-moves-past-stearns-into-madrid-quarterfinals |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> Marta Kostyuk,<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka weathers Marta Kostyuk in windy Madrid quarterfinal |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-weathers-marta-kostyuk-windy-madrid-quarterfinal |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> den Elina Svitolina,<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2025 |title=Top seed Sabalenka powers into Madrid final for fourth time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257357/top-seed-sabalenka-powers-into-madrid-final-for-fourth-time |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein fourth Madrid final. Insyd de final, she defeat fourth seed Coco Gauff insyd straight sets to claim ein third Madrid Open title.<ref>{{cite web |date=3 May 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka beats Coco Gauff to win Madrid Open |url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/aryna-sabalenka-beats-coco-gauff-183100482.html |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka's Madrid win makes a bigger title in Paris look more possible than ever |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-madrid-win-makes-bigger-title-paris-look-more-possible-ever-gauff |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> She cam be de third woman to surpass 11,000 points insyd de WTA rankings after Serena Williams den Iga Świątek.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 May 2024 |title=Sabalenka owned Madrid, and there's no reason to doubt what comes next |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4258560/sabalenka-owned-madrid-and-there-s-no-reason-to-doubt-what-comes-next |accessdate=12 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=5 May 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka surpasses 11,000 ranking points, joins Serena and Iga on exclusive list |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-surpasses-11000-ranking-points-after-madrid-williams-swiatek-draper-musetti |accessdate=12 June 2024}}</ref> Insyd Rome, Sabalenka defeat Anastasia Potapova insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 May 2025 |title=Banter off court, business on it: Sabalenka opens Rome campaign with win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4261943/banter-off-court-business-on-it-sabalenka-opens-rome-campaign-with-win |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Sofia Kenin.<ref>{{cite web |title=Make it eight in a row for Sabalenka after comeback win over Kenin in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4262871/no-deja-vu-sabalenka-avenges-2023-rome-loss-to-kenin-in-three-sets |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> She defeat Marta Kostyuk insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals,<ref>{{cite web |title=First Madrid, now Rome: Sabalenka turns back Kostyuk again |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4264371/first-madrid-now-rome-sabalenka-turns-back-kostyuk-again |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> wer she loose to eighth seed Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Seventh time's the charm! Zheng earns first win over Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4265415/seventh-times-the-charm-zheng-earns-first-win-over-sabalenka |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Zheng ends Sabalenka's winning streak to reach the final four in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4265417/zheng-ends-sabalenkas-winning-streak-to-reach-the-final-four-in-rome |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka defeat Kamilla Rakhimova,<ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2025 |title=Sabalenka loses only one game in Paris opener |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c331rejg1exo |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> Jil Teichmann,<ref>{{cite web |title=Roland Garros takeaways: Sabalenka settles in after early trouble to beat Teichmann |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4274796/roland-garros-takeaways-sabalenka-settles-in-after-early-trouble-to-beat-teichmann |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> [[Olga Danilović]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka vs Danilovic: Things we learned |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2025-aryna-sabalenka-v-olga-danilovic-things-we-learned |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> Amanda Anisimova,<ref>{{cite web |date=June 2025 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka reaches third straight Roland Garros quarterfinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4276621/world-no-1-sabalenka-reaches-third-straight-roland-garros-quarterfinal |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> den Zheng Qinwen,<ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2025 |title=Sabalenka defeats Zheng for seventh time to reach Roland Garros semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4277647/sabalenka-defeats-zheng-for-seventh-time-to-reach-roland-garros-semifinals |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de semifinals. Insyd de semifinals, she defeat three-time defending champion Iga Świątek insyd three sets to reach ein first French Open final.<ref name="WTARG">{{cite web |date=5 June 2024 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Roland Garros SF: Iga Swiatek vs Aryna Sabalenka Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250605-W-Roland_Garros-SF-Iga_Swiatek-Aryna_Sabalenka.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Madrid Open final, she loose to second seed Coco Gauff insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Roland Garros F: Coco Gauff vs Aryna Sabalenka Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250607-W-Roland_Garros-F-Coco_Gauff-Aryna_Sabalenka.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=A champion's heart: Gauff defeats Sabalenka to win French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4280339/a-champions-heart-gauff-defeats-sabalenka-to-win-french-open |accessdate=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein grass season at de Berlin Open. She defeat qualifier [[Rebeka Masarova]] insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 June 2025 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka's second-round match in Berlin suspended overnight |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4290048/world-no-1-sabalenkas-second-round-match-in-berlin-suspended-overnight |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> She defeat No. 11 Elena Rybakina insyd three sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 June 2025 |title=Down 6–2 in final-set tiebreak, Sabalenka escapes Rybakina in Berlin |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4292091/down-6-2-in-final-set-tiebreak-sabalenka-escapes-rybakina-in-berlin |access-date=20 June 2025}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to eventual champion Markéta Vondroušová insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 June 2025 |title=Vondrousova ousts Sabalenka in Berlin, earns first win over a World No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4293012/vondrousova-ousts-sabalenka-in-berlin-earns-first-win-over-a-world-no-1 |access-date=21 June 2025}}</ref> At de Wimbledon Championships, Sabalenka beat qualifier [[Carson Branstine]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Happy return for Sabalenka |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-06-30/happy_return_for_sabalenka.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Marie Bouzková,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka proves her intensity against Bouzkova |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-02/sabalenka_proves_her_intensity_against_bouzkova.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Emma Raducanu,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka ends Raducanu's Wimbledon dream |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-04/sabalenka_ends_raducanus_dream.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> den Elise Mertens,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka sees off Mertens |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-06/sabalenka_sees_off_mertens.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat [[Laura Siegemund]] insyd three sets to advance to de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka conquers inspired Laura Siegemund on Wimbledon Centre Court |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-conquers-inspired-laura-siegemund-on-wimbledon-centre-court |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to No. 12 Amanda Anisimova insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Anisimova stuns Sabalenka to reach first Grand Slam final |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-10/anisimova_stuns_sabalenka_to_reach_first_grand_slam_final.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Despite dis loss, she cam be de first woman to surpass 12,000 points on de WTA rankings since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kallet|first=Brad|date=18 July 2025|title=Sabalenka becomes first player to top 12,000 points since Serena in '15|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4316764/sabalenka-becomes-first-player-to-top-12000-points-since-serena-in-15|access-date=4 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Berkok|first=John|date=17 July 2025|title=Aryna Sabalenka surpasses 12,000 ranking points, the first woman since Serena Williams in 2015|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-woman-since-serena-williams-to-surpass-12000-ranking-points|access-date=4 August 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein US hard court season at de Cincinnati Open. She defeat Markéta Vondroušová insyd straight sets insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 August 2025 |title=Cincinnati Open: Sabalenka sets up Round of 32 showdown with Raducanu |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/cincinnati-open-sabalenka-sets-up-round-of-32-showdown-with-raducanu-832770.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she defeat Emma Raducanu insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 August 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka Escapes Emma Raducanu in Cincinnati Open |url=https://www.si.com/onsi/serve/news/aryna-sabalenka-escapes-emma-raducanu-cincinnati-open |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> She defeat Jessica Bouzas Maneiro insyd straight sets to advance to de quarterfinals. <ref>{{cite web |date=14 August 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka sprints past Jessica Bouzas Maneiro, sets blockbuster Cincinnati Open clash against Elena Rybakina |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/aryna-sabalenka-sprints-past-jessica-bouzas-maneiro-sets-blockbuster-cincinnati-open-clash-against-elena-rybakina |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to ninth seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=15 August 2025 |title=Cincinnati Open: Stormy Rybakina stuns Sabalenka, advances to semi-finals |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/cincinnati-open-stormy-rybakina-stuns-sabalenka-advances-to-semi-finals-833144.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat Rebeka Masarova, Polina Kudermetova, Leylah Fernandez, den [[Cristina Bucșa]],<ref>{{cite web |date=1 September 2025 |title='I play to win': Sabalenka reaches another US Open quarterfinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4354162/im-not-playing-not-to-lose-i-play-to-win-sabalenka-through-to-fifth-straight-us-open-quarterfinal |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She advance to de semifinals via walkover wen Markéta Vondroušová withdraw secof injury.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hansen |first1=James |last2=Futterman |first2=Matthew |date=2 September 2025 |title=Marketa Vondrousova pulls out of U.S. Open quarterfinal with Aryna Sabalenka with injury |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6593120/2025/09/02/vondrousova-us-open-withdrawal-injury/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema 2024 US Open final, she cam from a set down to defeat fourth seed Jessica Pegula den reach ein third consecutive US Open final.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2025 |title=Sabalenka holds firm against Pegula to return to the US Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4357002/sabalenka-pulls-through-late-against-pegula-to-make-the-us-open-final |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Axson |first1=Scooby |last2=Flores |first2=Elizabeth |date=4 September 2025 |title=Defending champion Aryna Sabalenka ousts Jessica Pegula in three-set US Open semifinal |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/tennis/2025/09/04/sabalenka-pegula-tv-time-results-updates/85957989007/ |work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Wimbledon semifinal, she defeat eighth seed Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets to win ein second US Open title den fourth major title. She cam be de first player to defend a US Open singles title since Serena Williams insyd 2014.<ref name="CBSUSOpen2025">{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Amanda Anisimova, winning 2nd straight U.S. Open final |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-open-women-final-winner-aryna-sabalenka-amanda-anisimova/ |access-date=25 April 2026 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=How Aryna Sabalenka beat Amanda Anisimova to defend her US Open 2025 women's singles title |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/live-blogs/us-open-2025-live-updates-womens-final-scores-result/tXLDqut2p9wM/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> As de three-time defending champion at de Wuhan Open, Sabalenka cam from a set down to overcome [[Rebecca Sramkova]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 October 2025 |title=Still unbeaten in Wuhan: Sabalenka overcomes Sramkova from a set down |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4378258/still-unbeaten-in-wuhan-sabalenka-overcomes-sramkova-from-a-set-down |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> She defeat Liudmila Samsonova<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka's Wuhan winning streak reaches 19 matches |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wuhan-winning-streak-reaches-19-matches |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> den eight seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to advance to de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 October 2025 |title=Sabalenka's Wuhan streak hits 20 with first straight-sets victory over Rybakina |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4379331/sabalenka-posts-first-straight-sets-win-vs-rybakina-now-20-0-in-wuhan |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to sixth seed Jessica Pegula insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jessica Pegula ends Aryna Sabalenka's unbeaten Wuhan reign to set Coco Gauff final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/jessica-pegula-ends-aryna-sabalenka-unbeaten-wuhan-reign-comeback-gauff |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> Sabalenka make ein fifth consecutive appearance at de WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka becomes first to qualify for WTA Finals Riyadh presented by PIF|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4305595/sabalenka-becomes-first-to-qualify-for-wta-finals-riyadh-presented-by-pif|access-date=11 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=7 July 2025}}</ref> She win all ein three matches insyd de round-robin stage against Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka celebrates 500th WTA match with win over Paolini in Riyadh|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4395054/sabalenka-celebrates-milestone-500th-match-with-win-over-paolini-in-riyadh|access-date=9 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 November 2025}}</ref> Jessica Pegula,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Poole|first1=Harry|title='Beast mode' Sabalenka beats Pegula at WTA Finals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2lje570geo|access-date=9 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=4 November 2025}}</ref> den Coco Gauff<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2025 |title=Sabalenka takes out Gauff to round out semifinals in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4397426/sabalenka-takes-out-gauff-to-round-out-wta-finals-semifinal-four |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> to reach de semifinals. She defeat Amanda Anisimova insyd three sets to reach ein second WTA Finals final.<ref name="OlympicsWTA2025">{{cite web |title=WTA Finals 2025: Aryna Sabalenka outlasts Amanda Anisimova to reach championship match |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/wta-finals-2025-aryna-sabalenka-reaches-final |access-date=25 April 2026}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 November 2025 |title=The perfect ending: Rybakina tops Sabalenka to win WTA Finals crown |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4398548/rybakina-takes-down-sabalenka-to-close-2025-with-wta-finals-crown |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> For de second year in a row, Sabalenka fini as de year-end No. 1.<ref name=":7">{{Cite news|last=Macpherson|first=Alex|date=10 November 2025|title=The 2025 year-end rankings wrap: Milestones, movers, records and more|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4399733/the-2025-year-end-rankings-wrap-milestones-movers-records-and-more|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She sanso hold de No. 1 position uninterrupted thru de entire season.<ref name=":7" /> Na dem sanso name am WTA Player of de Year for de second year in a row.<ref>{{Cite news|date=15 December 2025|title=And the winners of the 2025 WTA Tour player awards are ...|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4418879/and-the-winners-of-the-2025-wta-tour-player-awards-are|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> On 28 December 2025, Sabalenka (women's singles world No. 1) den [[Nick Kyrgios]] (men's singles world No. 671) contest an exhibition match dem promote as de ''Battle of the Sexes'' at de Coca-Cola Arena insyd Dubai.<ref>{{cite news|author1=|title=Sabalenka, Kyrgios see only positives from 'Battle of the Sexes' match|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-kyrgios-see-only-positives-battle-sexes-match-2025-12-29/|access-date=1 January 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=29 December 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author1=Al Jazeera Staff|title=Kyrgios beats Sabalenka 6–3, 6–3 in ‘Battle of the Sexes’ tennis showdown|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2025/12/28/kyrgios-beats-sabalenka-6-3-6-3-in-battle-of-the-sexes-tennis-showdown|access-date=1 January 2026|work=[[Al Jazeera]]}}</ref> Na de event be organized by dema shared management agency, Evolve. Na dem play de match as a three-set contest under modified rules: na dem reduce de dimensions of Sabalenka ein side of de court by 9%, den both players be restricted to a single serve per point. Insyd de event of a tie, a 10-point match tiebreak go be played.<ref name="SkySports_Dec2025">{{cite web |date=28 December 2025 |title=Battle of the Sexes: Nick Kyrgios beats Aryna Sabalenka in special tennis exhibition match in Dubai |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/13488047/battle-of-the-sexes-nick-kyrgios-beats-aryna-sabalenka-in-special-tennis-exhibition-match-in-dubai |access-date=1 January 2026 |publisher=[[Sky Sports]]}}</ref> According to Evolve, na de court-size adjustment be intended to "reflect average movement-speed differences between men and women".<ref>{{cite news|last1=Braidwood|first1=Jamie|title=Kyrgios v Sabalenka rules: Battle of the Sexes to use modified court and serve limit|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/kyrgios-sabalenka-rules-court-size-serve-b2891096.html|access-date=1 January 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=28 December 2025}}</ref> Kyrgios defeat Sabalenka insyd straight sets, 6–3, 6–3.<ref name="SkySports_Dec2025" /> === 2026: Sunshine Double, Australian Open den US Open finalist === Sabalenka begin ein 2026 season at de Brisbane International. She defeat Cristina Bucșa,<ref>{{cite web |date=6 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka opens 2026 with 48-minute win over Bucsa in Brisbane |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4428905/sabalenka-opens-2026-with-47-minute-win-over-bucsa-in-brisbane |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Sorana Cîrstea,<ref>{{cite web |date=8 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka defeats Cirstea to march on to Brisbane quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4430486/sabalenka-defeats-cirstea-to-march-on-to-brisbane-quarterfinals |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> fifth seed Madison Keys,<ref>{{cite web |date=9 January 2026 |title=Muchova halts Rybakina’s win streak; to face Sabalenka in Brisbane semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431345/muchova-extinguishes-rybakinas-win-streak-to-do-battle-with-sabalenka-in-brisbane-semis |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Karolína Muchová,<ref>{{cite web |date=10 January 2026 |title=Kostyuk knocks out Pegula to set up Brisbane final against Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431929/kostyuk-knocks-out-pegula-to-set-up-brisbane-final-against-sabalenka |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> den Marta Kostyuk to successfully defend ein title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka wins 22nd title in Brisbane, passes Azarenka for third among active players |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4432399/sabalenka-wins-22nd-title-in-brisbane-passes-azarenka-for-third-among-active-players |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat wildcard entrant [[Tiantsoa Sarah Rakotomanga Rajaonah]],<ref>{{cite web |date=18 January 2026 |title=Fearless at the net: How Sabalenka solved an unknown opponent at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4436276/aryna-sabalenka-passes-first-round-test-of-tiantsoa-rakotomanga-rajaonah-in-straight-sets-australian-open-2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> qualifier [[Bai Zhuoxuan]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Church|first1=Michael|title=Top seed Sabalenka sees off Bai to progress to third round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/top-seed-sabalenka-sees-off-bai-progress-third-round-2026-01-21/|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=21 January 2026}}</ref> Anastasia Potapova,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ransom|first1=Ian|title=Sabalenka passes Potapova test to reach Australian Open fourth round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-passes-potapova-test-reach-australian-open-fourth-round-2026-01-23/|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=23 January 2023}}</ref> [[Victoria Mboko]],<ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka raises her game when it counts to beat Mboko at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4439156/sabalenka-raises-her-game-when-it-counts-to-beat-mboko-in-melbourne |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> [[Iva Jovic]],<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2026 |title=By the numbers: Sabalenka ends Jovic's run to reach fourth straight Melbourne semifinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4439974/by-the-numbers-sabalenka-thwarts-jovic-to-reach-fourth-straight-australian-open-semifinal |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> den Elina Svitolina to reach ein fourth consecutive Australian Open final, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 January 2026 |title=Back again! Sabalenka bests Svitolina to reach fourth straight Australian Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4441201/back-again-aryna-sabalenka-bests-elina-svitolina-to-reach-her-fourth-straight-australian-open-final |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema 2025 WTA Finals den 2023 Australian Open finals, she be defeated by fifth seed Elena Rybakina insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sridhar|first1=Shrivathsa|title=Red-hot Rybakina resists Sabalenka to reign at Australian Open|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/rybakina-overpowers-sabalenka-win-first-australian-open-title-2026-01-31/|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=31 January 2026}}</ref> Sabalenka skip de Middle East swing for fatigue-related reasons.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek pull out of Dubai Duty Free Tennis Championships just days before tournament begins |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/aryna-sabalenka-and-iga-swiatek-pull-out-of-dubai-duty-free-tennis-championships-just-days-before-tournament-begins |accessdate=14 February 2026 |publisher=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> She return to play at de Indian Wells Open. She defeat qualifier [[Himeno Sakatsume]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Bambini |first=Cole |date=6 March 2026 |title=By the numbers: Sabalenka defeats Sakatsume in 100th match as World No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4463766/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-himeno-sakatsume-in-100th-match-as-world-no-1-by-the-numbers |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Jaqueline Cristian,<ref>{{cite web |last=Garber |first=Greg |date=8 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka handles Cristian, Osaka next in Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4464719/sabalenka |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Naomi Osaka,<ref>{{cite web |last=Garber |first=Greg |date=10 March 2026 |title=Stellar serving propels Sabalenka past Osaka, into Indian Wells quarters |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4465964/stellar-serving-propels-sabalenka-past-osaka-into-indian-wells-quarters |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> tenth seed Victoria Mboko,<ref name="WTAIW2026">{{Cite web |date=12 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka tops Mboko for second time in 2026 to make Indian Wells semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4467765/sabalenka-tops-mboko-for-second-time-in-2026-to-make-indian-wells-semis |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> den Linda Nosková<ref>{{cite web |last=Bambini |first=Cole |date=14 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka holds off Noskova to reach third Indian Wells final in four years |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4468675/aryna-sabalenka-powers-past-linda-noskova-to-reach-third-indian-wells-final-in-four-years-bnp-paribas-open |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> to reach ein third Indian Wells final, widout dropping a set en route. Insyd a rematch of dema Australian Open den 2023 Indian Wells Open finals, she defeat third seed Elena Rybakina to win ein first Indian Wells title den tenth WTA 1000 title, saving a match point insyd de third-set tiebreaker.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 March 2026 |title=Aryna Sabalenka outlasts Elena Rybakina for Indian Wells title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/48217347/aryna-sabalenka-outlasts-elena-rybakina-indian-wells-title |publisher=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> At de Miami Open, Sabalenka defeat Ann Li,<ref>{{cite web |date=21 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka embraces the fight in Miami return to earn seventh straight win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4473678/sabalenka-embraces-the-fight-to-run-winning-streak-to-seven |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> [[Caty McNally]],<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka to meet Zheng in high-stakes Miami showdown |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4474642/surging-sabalenka-to-meet-rebounding-zheng-in-miami-round-of-16 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Zheng Qinwen,<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=23 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka tops Zheng to set Miami quarterfinal against red-hot Baptiste |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4475217/sabalenka-tops-zheng-again-to-set-miami-quarterfinal-against-baptiste |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> den [[Hailey Baptiste]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=26 March 2026 |title=Timely breaks lift Sabalenka past Baptiste as Rybakina rematch looms in Miami semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4476471/timely-breaks-lift-sabalenka-past-baptiste-as-rybakina-rematch-looms-in-miami-semis |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> to reach de semifinals, widout dropping a set en route. Insyd de semifinals, she defeat third seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to reach ein second straight Miami final.<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=27 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka's win over Rybakina sends her to second straight Miami final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4477126/sabalenka-delivers-commanding-victory-over-rybakina-to-reach-second-straight-miami-final |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat fourth seed Coco Gauff insyd three sets to win ein second straight Miami Open title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka outlasts Gauff in 3 sets to capture Miami Open title|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/48333265/sabalenka-outlasts-gauff-3-sets-capture-miami-open-title|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=28 March 2026}}</ref> She cam be de first player since Iga Świątek insyd 2022 to complete de Sunshine Double den de fifth woman overall to complete de Sunshine Double insyd singles.<ref name="WTAMiami2026">{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=28 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka wins Miami title to become first to complete Sunshine Double since 2022 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4478182/sabalenka-wins-miami-title-to-become-first-to-complete-sunshine-double-since-2022 |access-date=29 March 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player, male anaa female, to complete de achievement insyd both singles den doubles, having previously completed de Sunshine Double insyd doubles at de 2019 Miami Open.<ref name="Local10Miami">{{cite web |last=Mackey |first=Ryan |date=28 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka defeats Gauff to defend Miami Open crown, earns Sunshine Double |url=https://www.local10.com/sports/local/2026/03/28/sabalenka-defeats-gauff-to-defend-miami-open-crown-earn-sunshine-double/ |work=[[WPLG]]}}</ref> Secof an injury, Sabalenka withdraw from Stuttgart, wer na she be runner-up de previous year. She start ein clay season plus a first round bye insyd Madrid. She then defeat [[Peyton Stearns]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka ousts Stearns in Madrid opener with timely breaks, second-serve returns |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4492174/aryna-sabalenka-gets-past-peyton-stearns-in-madrid-opener-timely-breaks-second-serve-returns |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> den 29th seed [[Jaqueline Cristian]] to reach fourth round.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Osaka and Sabalenka to renew rivalry on clay in Madrid |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4493766/osaka-and-sabalenka-to-renew-rivalry-on-clay-in-madrid |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> Insyd de fourth round, she cam back from a set den a break down to defeat [[Naomi Osaka]] to reach ein 17th consecutive quarterfinal on de WTA tour.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka survives Osaka challenge from a set and a break down in Madrid |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4494605/sabalenka-survives-osaka-challenge-from-a-set-and-a-break-down-in-madrid |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> She loose insyd de querterfinals to [[Hailey Baptiste]] after having six match points.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Baptiste saves six match points to stun Sabalenka |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c1e2p5lz6wyo |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> She receive bye insyd de first round insyd Rome, then she defeat Barbora Krejčíková insyd straight sets, before losing to 26th seed [[Sorana Cirstea]] insyd de third round after she be a break den a set up, thus dey mark an end to ein 17 consecutive quarterfinals streak on WTA Tour.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Happy with the level': Sabalenka takes out Krejcikova with straight-sets win in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4500241/sabalenka-extends-head-to-head-edge-over-krejcikova-with-straight-sets-win-in-rome |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Roman renaissance! In final season, Cirstea upsets Sabalenka in third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4501069/roman-renaissance-in-final-season-cirstea-stuns-sabalenka |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka reach de quarterfinals after defeating fellow Grand Slam champion Naomi Osaka insyd de first women's night session match since 2023.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=1 June 2026|title=Sabalenka powers past Osaka in first women’s night match at French Open since 2023|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2026/jun/01/sabalenka-powers-past-osaka-in-first-womens-night-match-in-paris-since-2023|access-date=3 June 2026|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> However, she then loose to 25th seed [[Diana Shnaider]] after a bagel insyd de third set, ending ein hopes of securing a slam on a natural surface.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2026 |title=French Open 2026 results: Aryna Sabalenka crumbles in defeat by Diana Shnaider in quarter-finals |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clypeq8ljp6o |access-date=3 June 2026 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> Sabalenka begin ein grass-court season at Berlin, wer she defeat [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]], after receiving a first round bye.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Poser |first1=Noah |date=17 June 2026 |title=By the numbers: Sabalenka powers past Alexandrova and into Berlin quarters |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4521112/by-the-numbers-sabalenkas-serve-powers-her-past-alexandrova-and-into-berlin-quarters |access-date=5 July 2026}}</ref> She overcam a second set deficit to defeat [[Nikola Bartůňková]] to advance to de semifinals,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lofthouse |first1=Amy |date=19 June 2026 |title=Sabalenka battles back from brink in Berlin |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/clyegxzj01po |access-date=5 July 2026 |website=BBC}}</ref> wer she loose to Jessica Pegula plus a third set bagel.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 June 2026 |title=Sabalenka loses deciding set 6–0 to Pegula in Berlin |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg4182l37po |access-date=5 July 2026 |website=BBC}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Sabalenka loose insyd de fourth round to Osaka. Dis mark de first time since de 2022 French Open wey she loose a major match before de quarterfinals, snapping a streak of 14 major quarterfinal appearances.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 July 2026 |title=Naomi Osaka beats Aryna Sabalenka to reach Wimbledon quarters |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/49278057/naomi-osaka-overpowers-aryna-sabalenka-reach-wimbledon-quarterfinals |access-date=5 July 2026 |website=ESPN}}</ref> At de Canadian Open, Sabalenka loose to Alexandrova insyd de fourth round.<ref>{{cite web |last=Weese |first=Lukas |date=8 August 2026 |title=Aryna Sabalenka falls to Ekaterina Alexandrova in biggest upset of Canadian Open |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/7501739/2026/08/08/aryna-sabalenka-ekaterina-alexandrova-canadian-open-upset/ |access-date=15 September 2026 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Na she get anoda fourth-round appearance at de Cincinnati Open, buh she loose to [[Sára Bejlek]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |author=<!-- not stated --> |date=20 August 2026 |title=Bejlek stuns No. 1 Sabalenka in Cincinnati to reach first WTA 1000 quarterfinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4563121/bejlek-stuns-sabalenka-in-straight-sets-to-reach-cincinnati-quarterfinals |access-date=15 September 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Sabalenka enter de US Open she be in contention for de world no. 1 ranking.<ref>{{cite web |author=<!-- not stated --> |date=25 August 2026 |title=Sabalenka’s No. 1 ranking is on the line at the US Open. Here’s who can overtake her |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4566428/breaking-down-the-no-1-ranking-how-rybakina-gauff-and-pegula-can-overtake-sabalenka |access-date=15 September 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She ultimately reach de final wey she loose to Rybakina insyd three sets, ending ein bid for a three-peat. She sanso loose de no. 1 ranking to Rybakina, ending ein reign of 99 consecutive weeks atop de rankings, de sixth-longest streak of all time.<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=12 September 2026 |title=The new No. 1 has a new US Open trophy: Rybakina ends Sabalenka's reign |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4575707/rybakina-halts-sabalenkas-three-peat-bid-to-capture-first-us-open-title |access-date=15 September 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> == National representation == === Fed Cup === ==== Early appearances ==== Sabalenka represent Belarus at de Junior Fed Cup insyd 2014, wey de team fini insyd sixth place.<ref>{{Cite web |title=USA move into finals of Junior Davis Cup and Junior Fed Cup |url=https://sportswire4u.blogspot.com/2014/09/usa-move-into-finals-of-junior-davis.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618042308/http://sportswire4u.blogspot.com/2014/09/usa-move-into-finals-of-junior-davis.html |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=Sportswire}}</ref> She then make ein senior Fed Cup debut give Belarus insyd April 2016, losing a dead rubber doubles match against Russia. Nonetheless, de Belarusian team lead by [[Victoria Azarenka]] den [[Aliaksandra Sasnovich]] win de tie to qualify for de top-tier World Group de following season for de first time insyd dema history.<ref name="fed-cup-debut">{{Cite web |title=Belarus scale new heights after win in Moscow |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/227047.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102608/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/227047.aspx |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=6 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> ==== 2017: Surprise runner-up insyd World Group debut ==== De Belarus Fed Cup team make dema debut insyd de World Group wey dem ultimately reach de final, despite being de underdogs insyd all three ties.<ref name="2017-sf-preview">{{Cite web |date=22 April 2017 |title=Fed Cup Semifinals Preview: which teams will reach the final? |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Fed_Cup/42644/fed-cup-semifinals-preview-which-teams-will-reach-the-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102607/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Fed_Cup/42644/fed-cup-semifinals-preview-which-teams-will-reach-the-final/ |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref><ref name="2017-final-preview">{{Cite web |date=October 2017 |title=Fed Cup final Preview: Belarus v USA |url=https://lastwordontennis.com/2017/10/01/federation-cup-final-preview-belarus-v-usa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618065736/https://lastwordontennis.com/2017/10/01/federation-cup-final-preview-belarus-v-usa/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=Last Word on Tennis}}</ref> Na little be expected from de team secof na dem be widout dema veteran leader Azarenka, wey miss de first two ties on maternity leave den de last secof a custody battle.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Victoria Azarenka says custody dispute keeps her out of Fed Cup final |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/azarenka-says-custody-dispute-keeps-her-out-of-fed-cup-final/70357/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618065738/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/azarenka-says-custody-dispute-keeps-her-out-of-fed-cup-final/70357/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Widout am, na Belarus be led by Sabalenka den Sasnovich, neither of whom dem ever be ranked above No. 76 by de time of de final.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref><ref name="sasnovich-rankings">{{Cite web |title=Aliaksandra Sasnovich Rankings History |url=http://www.wtatennis.com/players/player/317790/title/Aliaksandra-SASNOVICH#ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506221242/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/player/317790/title/Aliaksandra-Sasnovich#ranking |archive-date=6 May 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> However, na dem get de advantage of playing all of dema ties at home insyd Minsk.<ref name="2017-sf-preview" /><ref name="2017-final-preview" /> De ties insyd de quarterfinals against de Netherlands insyd February den de semi-finals against Switzerland insyd April both play out insyd de same way. While Sabalenka loose ein opening matches to dema opponents dema respective top-ranked players of [[Kiki Bertens]] den [[Timea Bacsinszky]], na Sasnovich be able to give Belarus a 2–1 lead insyd each instance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=All square in Minsk as Sasnovich and Bertens triumph |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/253491.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102651/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/253491.aspx |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Sabalenka then clinch both ties, plus wins over [[Michaëlla Krajicek]] den No. 54 [[Viktorija Golubic]], respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Belarus completes surprise win over Netherlands in Fed Cup |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/02/belarus-completes-surprise-win-over-netherlands-in-fed-cup/64119/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618065735/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/02/belarus-completes-surprise-win-over-netherlands-in-fed-cup/64119/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka sends Belarus through to first Final |url=https://www.fedcup.com/258276?channel=fedcupnews |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907110313/https://www.fedcup.com/258276?channel=fedcupnews |archive-date=7 September 2018 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Na she only be ranked No. 125 at de time of de semifinal, plus no career tour match wins outsyd of Fed Cup.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Belarus stuns Switzerland to reach 1st Fed Cup final |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/tennis/2017/04/23/sasnovich-puts-belarus-on-verge-of-first-fed-cup-final/100812652/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814174258/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/tennis/2017/04/23/sasnovich-puts-belarus-on-verge-of-first-fed-cup-final/100812652/ |archive-date=14 August 2020 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=USA Today}}</ref> On de opening day of de final against de United States, Sabalenka upset de reigning US Open champion den world No. 13, [[Sloane Stephens]], to level de tie after Sasnovich loose ein first rubber to No. 10, [[CoCo Vandeweghe]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=CoCo Vandeweghe puts up three points to propel U.S. to Fed Cup glory |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/coco-vandeweghe-puts-three-points-help-us-win-fed-cup-title/70429/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807160102/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/coco-vandeweghe-puts-three-points-help-us-win-fed-cup-title/70429/ |archive-date=7 August 2020 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref name="fed-cup-quote">{{Cite news|last=Chiesa|first=Victoria|date=11 November 2017|title=Belarus, USA all square after first day in Fed Cup final|work=WTA Tennis|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/belarus-usa-all-square-after-first-day-fed-cup-final|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102645/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/belarus-usa-all-square-after-first-day-fed-cup-final|url-status=live}}</ref> De next day begin plus Sabalenka losing to Vandeweghe, before Sasnovich san level de tie by defeating Stephens. Na dem then select Sabalenka den Sasnovich for de decisive doubles rubber for de Fed Cup crown, buh na de duo be comprehensively defeated by Vandeweghe den [[Shelby Rogers]].<ref name="fed-cup-final">{{Cite news|last=Chiesa|first=Victoria|date=12 November 2017|title=USA claims 2017 Fed Cup after Belarus battle|work=WTA Tennis|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/usa-claims-2017-fed-cup-after-belarus-battle|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102609/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/usa-claims-2017-fed-cup-after-belarus-battle|url-status=live}}</ref> Despite finishing as runner-up, Belarus ein Fed Cup success help popularize women's tennis insyd Belarus, wey e vault Sabalenka den Sasnovich into international prominence. Sasnovich say, "''When we played the quarterfinals and semi-finals in Minsk, a lot of people were coming to see our matches. They finally saw tennis in life, and it's like a popularization... I want my country to improve even more in tennis, because I think we can have even more from Belarus''."<ref name="sasnovich-quote">{{Cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=31 August 2018 |title=Azarenka leads Belarusian trio into historic third round |url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/azarenka-leads-belarusian-trio-historic-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102609/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/azarenka-leads-belarusian-trio-historic-third-round |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> ==== 2018–19: Avoiding demotion, anoda semifinal ==== Belarus be unable to repeat dema 2017 Fed Cup success insyd 2018. Na dem hold dema quarterfinal tie insyd Minsk against Germany. Although Sabalenka win both of ein singles rubbers, Sasnovich den [[Vera Lapko]] loose each of dema own to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Na dem select Sabalenka den doubles specialist [[Lidziya Marozava]] for de match, wey Sabalenka play on short rest directly after ein last singles match. After taking de first set against [[Anna-Lena Grönefeld]] den [[Tatjana Maria]], dem ultimately loose de rubber den de tie.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Germany beats Belarus 3–2 to make Fed Cup final four |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/02/fed-cup-germany-upsets-belarus-3-2-in-minsk-to-make-semis/72035/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618070919/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/02/fed-cup-germany-upsets-belarus-3-2-in-minsk-to-make-semis/72035/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Na dema next tie san be contested insyd Minsk as part of de World Group play-offs, wey Slovakia compete to take Belarus ein place insyd de World Group de following season. Sabalenka den Sasnovich each split dema two singles rubbers, wey Sabalenka be upset by [[Viktória Kužmová]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kuzmova claws Slovakia back into contention in Minsk |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283681.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609005752/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283681.aspx |archive-date=9 June 2020 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Na dem choose doubles specialists Lapko den Marozava for de final rubber den de pair win de match to keep Belarus insyd de World Group for 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lapko and Marozava launch Belarus back into the World Group |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283695.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609005831/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283695.aspx |archive-date=9 June 2020 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Insyd de 2019 Fed Cup, na dem draw Belarus against Germany insyd de quarterfinals for de second consecutive year. After Sasnovich win de opening rubber against Maria, Sabalenka win both of ein singles rubbers against [[Andrea Petkovic]] den [[Laura Siegemund]] to clinch de tie.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka blasts Belarus to a semifinal spot |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/301763.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103082236/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/301763.aspx |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Dem advance to face Australia insyd de semi-finals. Only two players from each team participate: Sabalenka den Azarenka give Belarus, den Ashleigh Barty den [[Samantha Stosur]] for Australia. Both Sabalenka den Azarenka defeat Stosur, buh she loose to Barty. Insyd de decisive doubles rubber, Barty den Stosur win insyd three sets to eliminate Belarus.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2019 |title=Ashleigh Barty stars as Aussies clinch Fed Cup semi |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/26572380/ashleigh-barty-stars-aussies-clinch-fed-cup-semi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103082239/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/26572380/ashleigh-barty-stars-aussies-clinch-fed-cup-semi |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=ESPN}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Elena Rybakina === Sabalenka den [[Elena Rybakina]] play each oda 18 times since 2019, wey Sabalenka dey lead dema head-to-head 10–8 whereas Rybakina dey lead de finals 5–2.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head Compare Stats & Match History – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/324166 |access-date=8 November 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Both players be known for dema aggressive baseline play, wey dey result in fast-paced den intense matches. Na dem face off insyd three major finals plus de 2023 Australian Open<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka holds off Rybakina to win Australian Open, first Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328084008/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |archive-date=28 March 2023 |access-date=18 April 2026 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wey Sabalenka win, den de 2026 Australian Open<ref>{{cite web |date=31 January 2026 |title=Rybakina outlasts Sabalenka in three sets to capture first Australian Open title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4442160/rybakina-earns-place-among-games-elites-with-first-australian-open-second-major-title |accessdate=31 January 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> den US Open both wey Rybakina win. Dema oda notable encounters dey include de 2023 BNP Paribas Open finals,<ref>{{cite web |title=The making of a great Rybakina-Sabalenka rivalry |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3117793/were-pushing-each-other-the-making-of-a-great-rybakina-sabalenka-rivalry |access-date=22 March 2025}}</ref> 2024 Madrid Open semifinal,<ref>{{cite web |title=Rivalry Rewind: Sabalenka and Rybakina's battles through the years |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3991425/rivalry-rewind-sabalenka-and-rybakina-s-battles-through-the-years |access-date=22 March 2025}}</ref> 2025 WTA Finals finals,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Hashim|first=Taha|date=8 November 2025|title=WTA Finals tennis: Elena Rybakina rocks Aryna Sabalenka to claim title – live|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2025/nov/08/wta-finals-tennis-aryna-sabalenka-elena-rybakina-final|access-date=8 November 2025|work=the Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> de 2026 BNP Paribas Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Powers |first=Shad |title=Sabalenka outlasts Rybakina for first BNP Paribas Open title in Indian Wells |url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/sports/tennis/bnp/2026/03/15/sabalenka-outlasts-rybakina-for-first-bnp-paribas-open-title-in-indian-wells/89169075007/ |access-date=15 March 2026 |website=The Desert Sun |language=en-US}}</ref> den de 2026 US Open final.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Murrells|first1=Katy|title=Aryna Sabalenka v Elena Rybakina: US Open 2026 women's singles final – live|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2026/sep/12/aryna-sabalenka-v-elena-rybakina-us-open-2026-womens-singles-final-live|access-date=12 September 2026|work=The Guardian|date=12 September 2026}}</ref> === Iga Świątek === Sabalenka den [[Iga Świątek]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek in control of de head-to-head at 8–5.<ref name="iga h2h">{{Cite web |title=Head To Head |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as becoming one of de greatest insyd women's tennis.<ref name=":52">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health}}</ref> Dema most praised matches include de 2024 Madrid Open final, wer Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets insyd 3 hours den 11 minutes, saving three championship points insyd de process, den de 2023 Madrid Open final, wer Sabalenka win insyd three sets insyd 2 hours den 25 minutes against Świątek to claim ein second Madrid title.<ref name=":32">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref name=":42">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka breaks through Swiatek's defense to win second Madrid title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3324192/sabalenka-breaks-through-swiatek-s-defense-to-win-second-madrid-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204055602/https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3324192/sabalenka-breaks-through-swiatek-s-defense-to-win-second-madrid-title |archive-date=4 December 2024 |access-date=25 November 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Sabalenka den Świątek play each oda at de 2025 French Open, wich Sabalenka win insyd three sets.<ref name="WTARG">{{cite web |date=5 June 2024 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Sabalenka den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 13 times since 2020, wey Sabalenka dey edge de head-to-head at 7–6.<ref name="coco h2h">{{Cite web |title=Head To Head |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/320760 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007094647/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/320760 |archive-date=7 October 2024 |access-date=4 October 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Dem play each oda multiple times at majors, de first be de 2023 US Open final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2023 |title=Coco Gauff to face Aryna Sabalenka in the US Open final after gutsy win |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/08/sport/coco-gauff-reaches-us-open-final-spt-intl/index.html |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=CNN Sports}}</ref> Sabalenka loose dat match despite winning de first set.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Coco Gauff wins first Grand Slam title: 2023 US Open Day 13 in review |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2023-09-09/coco_gauff_wins_first_grand_slam_title_2023_us_open_day_13_in_review.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920153633/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2023-09-09/coco_gauff_wins_first_grand_slam_title_2023_us_open_day_13_in_review.html |archive-date=20 September 2023 |access-date=30 November 2024 |website=US Open}}</ref> Sabalenka defeat Gauff at de 2024 Australian Open semifinals on ein way to defending de title.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka v Gauff: Streaks collide in AO 2024 semifinals |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/sabalenka-v-gauff-streaks-collide-ao-2024-semifinals |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2024 |title=Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open by defending champion Aryna Sabalenka |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/25/sport/coco-gauff-aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-tennis-spt-intl/index.html#:~:text=Coco%20Gauff%20was%20defeated%20by,in%20the%20Australian%20Open%20semifinals.&text=Coco%20Gauff's%20pursuit%20of%20back,semifinals%20of%20the%20Australian%20Open. |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127120004/https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/25/sport/coco-gauff-aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-tennis-spt-intl/index.html#:~:text=Coco%20Gauff%20was%20defeated%20by,in%20the%20Australian%20Open%20semifinals.&text=Coco%20Gauff's%20pursuit%20of%20back,semifinals%20of%20the%20Australian%20Open. |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=30 November 2024 |website=CNN Sports}}</ref> Sabalenka den Gauff san face off insyd de final of de 2025 French Open, wey Gauff overtake Sabalenka for ein first French Open Major Championship win den second Grand Slam overall.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=A champion's heart: Gauff defeats Sabalenka to win French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4280339/a-champions-heart-gauff-defeats-sabalenka-to-win-french-open |accessdate=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka go avenge dat loss by knocking Gauff out of de 2025 WTA Finals wer na Gauff be de defending champion.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Aryna Sabalenka eliminates Coco Gauff from WTA Finals, joins Jessica Pegula in semifinals |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-eliminates-coco-gauff-from-wta-finals-joins-jessica-pegula-in-semifinals |access-date=6 November 2025 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go meet Gauff for de first time insyd 2026 insyd de Miami finals, wer Sabalenka battle thru Gauff insyd three sets to win Miami for de second time, as well as de Sunshine Double.<ref name="WTAMiami2026">{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=28 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka wins Miami title to become first to complete Sunshine Double since 2022 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4478182/sabalenka-wins-miami-title-to-become-first-to-complete-sunshine-double-since-2022 |access-date=29 March 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> === Jessica Pegula === Sabalenka develop a fairly storied rivalry plus [[Jessica Pegula]]. Dema consistency on hard courts lead to dem frequently facing each other insyd de latter stages of events. De two meet 14 times since 2020, wey Sabalenka dey control de head-to-head 10–4.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/316956 |access-date=20 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Pegula go win dema first meeting insyd de third round of de 2020 Western & Southern Open insyd three sets. Dem go face off at de 2024 US Open final insyd wich Sabalenka go win 7–5, 7–5 to earn ein first US Open title.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=A champion's heart: Gauff defeats Sabalenka to win French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4280339/a-champions-heart-gauff-defeats-sabalenka-to-win-french-open |accessdate=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> De two go get a rematch of dema US Open final insyd de 2025 US Open semifinals, wer Sabalenka go win a close three-set match 4–6, 6–3, 6–4 on ein way to defending ein US Open title.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=15 August 2025 |title=Cincinnati Open: Stormy Rybakina stuns Sabalenka, advances to semi-finals |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/cincinnati-open-stormy-rybakina-stuns-sabalenka-advances-to-semi-finals-833144.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Pegula go snap Sabalenka ein 20-match winning streak as well as ein 2025 tiebreak record insyd dema following match insyd Wuhan, before pulling out a three-set win 2–6, 6–4, 7–6(2).<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=19 March 2023 |title=Rybakina tops Sabalenka to win Indian Wells title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530204200/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |archive-date=30 May 2023 |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Dem face each oda once more insyd de Riyadh 2025 WTA Finals, wer Sabalenka defeat Pegula insyd three sets. De pair dema first meeting on grass cam at de 2026 Berlin Tennis Open, wich Pegula win insyd three sets, bageling Sabalenka insyd de final set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2026 |title=Pegula advances to Berlin final with fourth career win over Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4522854/pegula-nears-second-berlin-crown-after-fourth-win-over-sabalenka-sends-her-into-final |access-date=20 June 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Jasmine Paolini === Sabalenka develop a recurring rivalry plus [[Jasmine Paolini]], wich she dey lead 6–2. Na de pair first meet at de 2017 Ilkley Trophy, wer Paolini defeat Sabalenka insyd three sets. Paolini later earn anoda notable win at de 2022 Indian Wells Open, defeating Sabalenka 2–6, 6–3, 6–3.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka vs Paolini H2H stats |url=https://tennis-minute.fr/matchs/722445 |access-date=25 April 2026 |website=Tennis Minute |language=fr}}</ref> Sabalenka otherwise control de matchup, winning dema later meetings at events wey dey include Beijing, de Miami Open, de Stuttgart Open, den de WTA Finals. Dema matches contrast Sabalenka ein power-based baseline game plus Paolini ein speed, court coverage, den ability to extend rallies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/319280 |access-date=25 April 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Amanda Anisimova === Sabalenka sanso develop a rivalry plus [[Amanda Anisimova]]. De pair play 11 times wey Sabalenka dey trail 5–6. Na dem meet six times insyd Grand Slams wey dey include 3 consecutive major contests insyd 2025 wer dem be tied 3–3. Anisimova defeat Sabalenka en route to ein first major semifinal at 2019 French Open<ref name="WTAAnisimova">{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title='It's super special ' – Anisimova shocks Sabalenka again, makes French Open third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-super-special-anisimova-shocks-sabalenka-again-makes-french-open-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102608/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-super-special-anisimova-shocks-sabalenka-again-makes-french-open-third-round |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=25 April 2026 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den also insyd de semifinal of 2025 Wimbledon<ref>{{cite web |title=Anisimova's moment: Beats Sabalenka to make first Wimbledon final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307894/anisimovas-moment-beats-sabalenka-to-make-first-slam-final-at-wimbledon |accessdate=25 April 2026 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> to reach ein first major final. Dem meet insyd de final of 2025 US Open wer na Sabalenka win 6–3, 7–6^(7–3) to win ein fourth major.<ref name="CBSUSOpen2025">{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Amanda Anisimova, winning 2nd straight U.S. Open final |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-open-women-final-winner-aryna-sabalenka-amanda-anisimova/ |access-date=25 April 2026 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> Insyd 2025, dem san meet insyd de semifinal to WTA Finals wey Sabalenka win.<ref name="OlympicsWTA2025">{{cite web |title=WTA Finals 2025: Aryna Sabalenka outlasts Amanda Anisimova to reach championship match |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/wta-finals-2025-aryna-sabalenka-reaches-final |access-date=25 April 2026}}</ref> == Playing style == [[File:Sydney_International_Tennis_WTA_Premier_(46000969795)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Sabalenka dey serve at de 2019 Sydney International]] Sabalenka be an aggressive baseliner wey ein game be characterised by a powerful serve den equally powerful groundstrokes. Ein game be based around taking control of points, plus a knack for turning defensive positions into offensive opportunities. Secof ein aggression, she usually dey hit a high number of both winners den unforced errors off ein groundstrokes, wich be hit plus relentless pace den depth.<ref name="style-against-pliskova2">{{Cite web |date=28 June 2018 |title=WTA Eastbourne: Aryna Sabalenka shocks Karolina Pliskova |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/57063/wta-eastbourne-aryna-sabalenka-shocks-karolina-pliskova/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102607/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/57063/wta-eastbourne-aryna-sabalenka-shocks-karolina-pliskova/ |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, she struck ein forehand at an average speed of 129&nbsp;km/h (80&nbsp;mph).<ref name="TennisBiomech">{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=The secret to an 80-mph forehand? Aryna Sabalenka talks technique, biomechanics in Wuhan |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/the-secret-to-an-80-mph-forehand-aryna-sabalenka-talks-technique-biomechanics-in-wuhan |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka ein big serve be central to ein game: insyd 2024 she win 62.7% of points on ein serve, ranking fifth among de players on tour, wey she win 78.5% of ein service games.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Stats {{!}} Latest Player & Match Statistics – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/stats/2024 |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Sabalenka ein improved consistency on serve be de key wich allow am to ascend to de top of de WTA rankings. Insyd de past, she struggle plus an inconsistent serve, leading to a high double fault count; she serve 166 double faults insyd 2020, de most of any player.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stats Hub 2020 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/stats/2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401022614/https://www.wtatennis.com/stats/2020 |archive-date=1 April 2020 |access-date=28 February 2021 |website=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She notably suffer from de yips from de 2021 WTA Finals den into 2022, serving 152 double faults insyd 11 matches, an average of 14 double faults a match.<ref name="Kane2022">{{Cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=18 January 2022 |title=Aryna Sabalenka's first serve: No. 2 seed conquers yips to survive Sanders, begin Australian Open campaign |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612105016/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |archive-date=12 June 2022 |access-date=28 July 2026 |website=[[Tennis (magazine)|Tennis]]}}</ref> Following de 2022 Canadian Open, she hire biomechanics expert Gavin Macmillan to revamp ein serve.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top 5 WTA Players of 2022: Sabalenka, Gauff and Rybakina earn honorable mentions |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-5-wta-players-of-2022-sabalenka-gauff-and-rybakina-earn-honorable-mentions |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka serve a total of 440 double faults insyd 2022, buh na ein serve quickly see improvements insyd 2023 under Macmillan ein guidance, wey e since cam be a reliable weapon.<ref name="TennisBiomech">{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=The secret to an 80-mph forehand? Aryna Sabalenka talks technique, biomechanics in Wuhan |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/the-secret-to-an-80-mph-forehand-aryna-sabalenka-talks-technique-biomechanics-in-wuhan |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> As Sabalenka ein game mature, she sanso develop better shot selection den more variety. Wen she first arrive on tour, na she sometimes be described as a player wey hit everything as hard as she fi. Insyd de summer of 2018, ein coach Dmitry Tursunov say na ein game already dey evolve, den, "''The major thing is she stopped trying [to] hit a winner with every shot''."<ref name="shot-selection2">{{Cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka's coach Tursunov speaks about her recent success |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/09/aryna-sabalenkas-coach-tursunov-speaks-about-her-recent-success/76653/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190908132554/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/09/aryna-sabalenkas-coach-tursunov-speaks-about-her-recent-success/76653/ |archive-date=8 September 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Sabalenka cam be increasingly willing to experiment plus variety on ein groundstrokes, den plus finishing more points at de net.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=8 September 2024|title=How Aryna Sabalenka owned her weaknesses to emerge as world's best|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/sep/08/how-aryna-sabalenka-owned-her-weaknesses-to-emerge-as-worlds-best|access-date=14 March 2026|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> During de 2024 clay season, she begin to incorporate more drop shots into ein game, wich pair well plus ein power from de baseline.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 November 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka, Drop Shot Queen – Heavy Topspin |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2024/11/04/aryna-sabalenka-drop-shot-queen/ |access-date=14 March 2026 |language=en-US}}</ref> Sabalenka primarily be known for ein success on hardcourt. Nineteen of ein twenty-two singles titles, wey dey include all four of ein major titles, she win on hardcourt, wich suit ein game secof ein consistent bounce den fast-paced play. However, she sanso be recognised as a consistent contender insyd de late stages of grass den clay court tournaments. She be particularly successful on faster clay courts, such as de Madrid Open, wer she win de title insyd 2021, 2023, den 2025.<ref name="WTAMadrid2021">{{Cite web |date=8 May 2021 |title=Sabalenka captures Madrid title in thriller over Barty |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326233615/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She sanso reach ein first major final on clay at de French Open insyd 2025. Sabalenka cam be increasingly notable for ein ability to win tiebreaks. Insyd 2025, she set an Open Era record for most tiebreaks wey a woman win insyd a single season, winning 22 out of 25 she play.<ref name="WTAIW2026">{{Cite web |date=12 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka tops Mboko for second time in 2026 to make Indian Wells semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4467765/sabalenka-tops-mboko-for-second-time-in-2026-to-make-indian-wells-semis |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dis include a streak of nineteen consecutive tiebreaks she win between February den October.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka, Goddess of the Tiebreak? – Heavy Topspin |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/09/10/aryna-sabalenka-goddess-of-the-tiebreak/ |access-date=14 March 2026 |language=en-US}}</ref> Insyd 2026, Sabalenka win ein twentieth consecutive tiebreak.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2026 |title=Australian Open 2026 results: Aryna Sabalenka to face Iva Jovic in quarter-finals |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce8gn94jq3jo |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> While Sabalenka be known for ein clutch factor insyd tiebreaks, she sanso loose a large number of closely-contested prominent matches, such as de 2025 French Open final den 2026 Australian Open final, wey she dey hold a 22–20 (52%) record insyd singles finals overall. Sabalenka frequently dey accompany ein shots plus loud grunting. She say, "''Honestly, I don't even hear myself when I am playing.''" She express ein hope say ein grunting no dey disturb ein opponents.<ref name="tennis-idols">{{Cite web |date=21 February 2018 |title=Aryna Sabalenka: 'I don't even hear myself when I am playing' |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/52138/aryna-sabalenka-i-don-t-even-hear-myself-when-i-am-playing-/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910014640/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/52138/aryna-sabalenka-i-don-t-even-hear-myself-when-i-am-playing-/ |archive-date=10 September 2018 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> At de Australian Open insyd 2018, de crowd mock ein habit insyd a match against Ashleigh Barty.<ref name="grunting">{{Cite news|last=Maasdorp|first=James|date=17 January 2018|title=Australian Open: Aryna Sabalenka's screams see crowd mock her grunts as Ashleigh Barty advances|work=ABC News|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-01-17/aus-open-spectators-rebel-against-screeching-sabalenka/9335120|access-date=19 January 2018|archive-date=26 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526123025/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-01-17/aus-open-spectators-rebel-against-screeching-sabalenka/9335120|url-status=live}}</ref> She be an expressive personality on court. qi4jv8nxesxcrvesb7juzp6iatdzzaf 112292 112290 2026-09-24T14:27:33Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "Coaches" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375886951|Aryna Sabalenka]]" 112292 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aryna Siarhiejeŭna Sabalenka''' (born 5 May 1998) be a Belarusian professional tennis player. Na she be ranked de world No. 1 insyd women's singles by de Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for a total of 107 weeks (tenth-most of all time), wey she fini as de year-end No. 1 twice (2024, 2025). Sabalenka win 24 career singles titles, wey dey include two titles at de Australian Open den two at de US Open, as well as eleven WTA 1000 events. She sanso be a former world No. 1 insyd women's doubles wey na she win six doubles titles, wey dey include de 2019 US Open den 2021 Australian Open, both plus [[Elise Mertens]]. Sabalenka cam to prominence insyd 2017 wen she den [[Aliaksandra Sasnovich]] lead de Belarus Fed Cup team to a runner-up finish despite dem both be ranked outsyd de top 75 at de time. She fini 2018 den 2019 ranked world No. 11 insyd singles. Following two major singles semifinal appearances insyd 2021, Sabalenka rise to world No. 2 buh she struggle to maintain dat success insyd 2022 consistently. Insyd 2023, she win ein first major singles title at de Australian Open, she fini runner-up at de US Open, wey she obtain de world No. 1 ranking for de first time. Insyd 2024, Sabalenka defend ein Australian Open title wey she win a third major singles title at de US Open, finishing as de year-end No. 1 for de first time. Insyd 2025, she defend ein title at de US Open wey na she be runner-up at de Australian den French Opens, holding de No. 1 position for de entire season. Insyd 2026, she reach two major singles finals (Australian Open den US Open) wey she plete de Sunshine Double (winning Indian Wells den Miami back-to-back). Also insyd 2026, Sabalenka win de Laureus World Sports Award for Sportswoman of de Year. Sabalenka begin dey play doubles regularly insyd 2019. Plus Mertens as ein partner, she find instant success by winning de Sunshine Double (Indian Wells den Miami) dat same year. Na dem win de US Open later insyd de season, wey Sabalenka qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time. After she den Mertens win dema second major title at de Australian Open insyd 2021, Sabalenka cam be de doubles world No. 1, after wich she shift to playing exclusively singles. == Early life den background == Na dem born Sabalenka insyd Minsk, de capital of Belarus. Na ein poppie, Sergey (he die 2019), be an ice hockey player. Sabalenka start dey play tennis by chance. She say, "''One day, my dad was just driving me somewhere in the car, and he saw tennis courts on the way. So he took me to the courts. I liked it and enjoyed it, and that's how it was. That's how it started''." She begin dey train at de National Tennis Academy insyd Minsk wen dem open am insyd 2014.<ref name="first-post">{{Cite web |date=27 November 2017 |title=Meet Aryna Sabalenka, the 19-year-old rising star from Belarus, who won her first WTA title at Mumbai Open |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/meet-aryna-sabalenka-the-19-year-old-rising-star-from-belarus-who-won-her-first-wta-title-at-mumbai-open-4229395.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123180953/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/meet-aryna-sabalenka-the-19-year-old-rising-star-from-belarus-who-won-her-first-wta-title-at-mumbai-open-4229395.html |archive-date=23 November 2020 |access-date=5 September 2018 |website=First Post}}</ref><ref name="tut-2017">{{Cite web |last=Михалевич |first=Юрий |title="Может, мне удастся стать кем-то вроде Серены", или Что мы знаем про теннисистку Арину Соболенко |url=https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/541113.html?crnd=5515 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126020709/https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/541113.html?crnd=5515 |archive-date=26 November 2020 |access-date=5 September 2018 |website=Tut.by |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2014 |title=Belarus Tennis Academy opens in Minsk |url=https://eng.belta.by/sport/view/belarus-tennis-academy-opens-in-minsk-7626-2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106153322/https://eng.belta.by/sport/view/belarus-tennis-academy-opens-in-minsk-7626-2014 |archive-date=6 January 2019 |access-date=6 January 2019 |website=Belta.by}}</ref> Insyd 2015, de Belarusian Tennis Federation persuade Sabalenka den ein team to focus on playing low-level professional events instead of junior tournaments, even though na she still be eligible to compete at de junior level.<ref name="tut-2016">{{Cite web |title=Шакутин рассказал о соперничестве двух главных надежд белорусского женского тенниса |url=https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/492733.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417201150/https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/492733.html |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=5 September 2018 |website=Tut.by |language=ru}}</ref> == Career == === 2017: WTA 125 title, top 100 === Sabalenka start de year ranked No. 73 insyd doubles.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref> She begin dey partner plus Elise Mertens insyd January, wen de pair loose to top seeds [[Barbora Krejčíková]] den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd de third round of de Australian Open. Na dem get dema breakthru insyd March at de two Premier Mandatory tournaments. Insyd only dema second tournament togeda, Sabalenka den Mertens win de Indian Wells Open. Dem defeat three of de top five seeds insyd de event, wey dey include second seeds [[Tímea Babos]] den [[Kristina Mladenovic]] insyd de first round den top seeds Krejčíková den Siniaková insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Elise Mertens and Aryna Sabalenka Capture 2019 BNP Paribas Open Doubles Title|work=BNP Paribas Open|url=https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/elise-mertens-and-aryna-sabalenka-capture-2019-bnp-paribas-open-doubles-title/|access-date=20 March 2019|archive-date=29 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029202737/https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/elise-mertens-and-aryna-sabalenka-capture-2019-bnp-paribas-open-doubles-title/|url-status=live}}</ref> De pair match dis success at dena next event by winning de Miami Open to plete de Sunshine Double. Dem defeat three of de top six seeds, wey dey include third seeds [[Hsieh Su-wei]] den [[Barbora Strýcová]] insyd de second round. Dem win de final against sixth seeds Samantha Stosur den Zhang Shuai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Juzwiak |first=Jason |date=31 March 2019 |title=Mertens & Sabalenka win 10th straight match to claim Miami title and Sunshine Double |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-win-10th-straight-match-claim-miami-title-and-sunshine-double |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102609/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-win-10th-straight-match-claim-miami-title-and-sunshine-double |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=30 May 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, Sabalenka rise to No. 21 insyd de world.<ref name="SabWtaRnk" /> Sabalenka den Mertens continue to partner togeda thru out de year, entering eleven events before de year-end championships. Na Sabalenka no get much success insyd de Grand Slam singles events, buh she produce much better results insyd doubles. Sabalenka den Mertens reach de semifinals at de French Open, losing to second seeds Babos den Mladenovic.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mladenovic seals doubles No.1, place in French Open final with Babos |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mladenovic-seals-doubles-no1-place-french-open-final-babos |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607164132/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mladenovic-seals-doubles-no1-place-french-open-final-babos |archive-date=7 June 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Dem then reach de quarterfinals at Wimbledon, losing to third seeds Hsieh den Strýcová.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2019 |title=Hsieh, Strycova finesse tames Mertens, Sabalenka firepower to reach Wimbledon SFs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hsieh-strycova-finesse-tames-mertens-sabalenka-firepower-reach-wimbledon-sfs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103080846/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hsieh-strycova-finesse-tames-mertens-sabalenka-firepower-reach-wimbledon-sfs |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na dese be Sabalenka ein first two appearances insyd at least de quarterfinals at a Grand Slam event. Sabalenka den Mertens get dema best result of de year at de US Open. As de fourth seed at de event, dem make am to de final widout playing anoda top-ten-seeded team. Insyd fe final, dem face eighth seeds Victoria Azarenka den Ashleigh Barty, de latter of whom win de title a year earlier plus CoCo Vandeweghe. Sabalenka den Mertens defeat Azarenka den Barty insyd straight sets for dema first Grand Slam title insyd any discipline.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Juzwiak |first1=Jason |date=8 September 2019 |title=Mertens, Sabalenka capture first Grand Slam title in women's doubles at US Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-capture-first-grand-slam-title-womens-doubles-us-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925124801/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-capture-first-grand-slam-title-womens-doubles-us-open |archive-date=25 September 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis title, Sabalenka make ein top 10 debut insyd doubles at No. 6 insyd de world.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref> Sabalenka den Mertens make one more final during de year, finishing runner-up at de Wuhan Open, wer Sabalenka win de singles title.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Chiesa |first1=Victoria |date=28 September 2019 |title=Kudermetova and Duan win Wuhan in team debut: 'It's an unbelievable week' |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/kudermetova-and-duan-win-wuhan-team-debut-its-unbelievable-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191003111214/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/kudermetova-and-duan-win-wuhan-team-debut-its-unbelievable-week |archive-date=3 October 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Dema three big titles help dem win de Race to Shenzhen den qualify for de WTA Finals as de top seeds. Before de event, Sabalenka den Mertens move up to No. 2 den No. 3 insyd de rankings, respectively, behind only world No. 1, Barbora Strýcová.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, na de pair be placed insyd a round robin group plus third seeds Babos den Mladenovic, fifth seeds [[Chan Hao-ching]] den [[Latisha Chan]], as well as eighth seeds [[Anna-Lena Grönefeld]] den [[Demi Schuurs]]. Insyd dema opening match, na dem be upset by Grönefeld den Schuurs insyd a match tiebreak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Groenefeld, Schuurs make up for lost time at WTA Finals: 'It's something we can be proud of' |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/groenefeld-schuurs-make-lost-time-wta-finals-%E2%80%98it%E2%80%99s-something-we-can-be-proud-%E2%80%99 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103080844/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/groenefeld-schuurs-make-lost-time-wta-finals-%E2%80%98it%E2%80%99s-something-we-can-be-proud-%E2%80%99 |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After defeating de Chan sisters, Sabalenka den Mertens loose to Babos den Mladenovic insyd anoda match tiebreak. Na dem no advance out of dema group.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Juzwiak |first1=Jason |date=30 October 2019 |title=Babos-Mladenovic move into semifinals as WTA Finals doubles draw takes shape |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/babos-mladenovic-move-semifinals-wta-finals-doubles-draw-takes-shape |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103080842/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/babos-mladenovic-move-semifinals-wta-finals-doubles-draw-takes-shape |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: Premier 5 title === Sabalenka start de season at de Shenzhen Open. She defeat qualifier [[Margarita Betova|Margarita Gasparyan]]<ref>{{cite news|title='Step by step and I'll see what happens' - Defending champ Sabalenka sizzles in Shenzhen return|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1562336/step-by-step-and-ill-see-what-happens-defending-champ-sabalenka-sizzles-in-shenzhen-return|access-date=14 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=6 January 2020}}</ref> before losing to [[Kristýna Plíšková]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Kristyna Pliskova dethrones Sabalenka to reach Shenzhen QF|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1562885/kristyna-pliskova-dethrones-sabalenka-to-reach-shenzhen-qf|access-date=14 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=7 January 2020}}</ref> At de Adelaide International, Sabalenka upset No. 4 Simona Halep to reach de semifinals,<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2020 |title=Sabalenka shocks Halep in Adelaide upset |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1572902/sabalenka-shocks-halep-in-adelaide-upset |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112214223/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1572902/sabalenka-shocks-halep-in-adelaide-upset |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer she loose to Dayana Yastremska insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Yastremska stops Sabalenka for first Premier final in Adelaide|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1573603/yastremska-stops-sabalenka-for-first-premier-final-in-adelaide#:~:text=%2C%206%2D4%2C%207%2D,her%20post%2Dmatch%20press%20conference.|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=17 January 2020}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de first round to Carla Suárez Navarro.<ref>{{cite news|title=Unseeded & Unfazed, Melbourne Day 3: Suarez Navarro, Goerges impress|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/unseeded-unfazed-melbourne-day-3-suarez-navarro-goerges-impress|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=22 January 2020}}</ref> She enjoy moderate success insyd doubles, reaching de quarterfinals plus Elise Mertens before losing to de Chan sisters. At de Dubai Championships, Sabalenka defeat Maria Sakkari den Elise Mertens to reach de quarterfinals, wer she loose to No. 2 Simona Halep insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Halep surges past Sabalenka, into Dubai semifinals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1616721/halep-surges-past-sabalenka-into-dubai-semifinals#:~:text=To%20earn%20her%20third%20victory,semifinal%20in%20Dubai%20since%202015.|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=20 February 2020}}</ref> At de Qatar Open, Sabalenka defeat Anett Kontaveit, No. 20 Maria Sakkari, Zheng Saisai<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka swirls past Zheng in gusty Doha quarterfinal|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1626804/sabalenka-swirls-past-zheng-in-gusty-doha-quarterfinal|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=27 February 2020}}</ref> den Svetlana Kuznetsova<ref>{{cite news|title=Confident Sabalenka moves into Doha final by dispatching Kuznetsova|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1628078/confident-sabalenka-moves-into-doha-final-by-dispatching-kuznetsova|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=28 February 2020}}</ref> to reach de final. Insyd de final, she defeat No. 11 Petra Kvitová insyd straight sets to win ein third Premier 5 title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka surges past Kvitova to sixth title in Doha|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1630232/sabalenka-surges-past-kvitova-to-sixth-title-in-doha|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=29 February 2020}}</ref> After de COVID-19 pandemic shut down de WTA Tour, Sabalenka enter de Top Seed Open insyd August. She defeat [[Madison Brengle]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka advances in Lexington as WTA Tour returns to US|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/sports/sabalenka-advances-in-lexington-as-wta-tour-returns-to-us-idUSKCN25703W/|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=11 August 2020}}</ref> before falling to [[Coco Gauff]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Gauff surges to Sabalenka upset in Lexington|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1752475/gauff-surges-to-sabalenka-upset-in-lexington|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=12 August 2020}}</ref> Insyd Cincinnati, she defeat qualifier [[CiCi Bellis]] before losing to qualifier [[Jessica Pegula]]. At de US Open, she defeat [[Océane Dodin]] before losing to Victoria Azarenka.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka books Azarenka clash in US Open second round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1802710/sabalenka-books-azarenka-clash-in-us-open-second-round|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 September 2020}}</ref> Na she get moderate success insyd doubles, reaching de quarterfinals of both events. Ein results begin to improve on clay. At de Internationaux de Strasbourg, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Ellen Perez]], [[Anna Blinkova]], den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] to reach de semifinals, wer she loose to No. 5 Elina Svitolina insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2020 |title=Svitolina surges to Strasbourg semifinal win over Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1841593/svitolina-surges-to-strasbourg-semifinal-win-over-sabalenka |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112044728/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1841593/svitolina-surges-to-strasbourg-semifinal-win-over-sabalenka |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, she defeat Jessica Pegula den [[Daria Kasatkina]] before losing to [[Ons Jabeur]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 October 2020 |title=Jabeur slips past Sabalenka at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1851447/jabeur-slips-past-sabalenka-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112130149/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1851447/jabeur-slips-past-sabalenka-at-french-open |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Sabalenka enter two indoor hard-court events at de end of 2020. At de Ostrava Open, she cam from a set down to defeat qualifiers Coco Gauff den [[Sara Sorribes Tormo]]. She defeat [[Jennifer Brady]]<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dimon|first1=Ricky|title=Ostrava WTA recap: Sabalenka’s roller-coaster ride to the title|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/ostrava-wta-recap-sabalenka-roller-coaster-title-300507.html|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=25 October 2020}}</ref> den No. 14 Victoria Azarenka insyd straight sets to win ein second title of de season. <ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka cruises past Victoria Azarenka to win Ostrava Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30188688/aryna-sabalenka-cruises-victoria-azarenka-win-ostrava-open|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=25 October 2020}}</ref> At de same tournament, she sanso win de doubles event plus Elise Mertens, defeating [[Gabriela Dabrowski]] den [[Luisa Stefani]] insyd de final. At de Linz Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Jasmine Paolini]] den qualifiers Stefanie Vögele den Océane Dodin to reach de semifinals. She defeat [[Barbora Krejčíková]] to reach de final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka survives tussle against Krejcikova to secure Top 10 finish|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-survives-tussle-against-krejcikova-to-secure-top-10-finish|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=14 November 2020}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat No. 21 Elise Mertens insyd straight sets to capture ein third title of de season.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka defeats Mertens in Linz to capture third 2020 title|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-defeats-mertens-in-linz-to-capture-third-2020-title|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=15 November 2020}}</ref> For de first time, she fini de year at de top 10.<ref>{{cite news|title=WTA releases 2020 Year-End Rankings|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1898097/wta-releases-2020-year-end-rankings|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=16 November 2020}}</ref> === 2021: Major semifinals, singles No. 2, doubles No. 1 === [[File:Sabalenka_RG21_(30)_(51375296612).jpg|left|thumb|Sabalenka at de 2021 French Open]] Sabalenka enter ein first tournament insyd 2021 at de Abu Dhabi Open. She defeat Polona Hercog, Ajla Tomljanović, den Ons Jabeur,<ref>{{Cite news|date=10 January 2021|title=Sabalenka reaches Abu Dhabi quarterfinals with revenge win over Jabeur|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-reaches-abu-dhabi-quarterfinals-with-revenge-win-over-jabeur|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat No. 19 Elena Rybakina insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat No. 22 Maria Sakkari<ref>{{Cite news|last=Berkok|first=John|date=12 January 2021|title=Ruthless Sabalenka wins 14th match in a row, reaches Abu Dhabi final|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ruthless-sabalenka-wins-14th-match-in-a-row-reaches-abu-dhabi-final|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> den [[Veronika Kudermetova]] insyd straight sets to win ein third straight WTA title, wey dey extend ein winning streak to 15 matches deb catapulting am to a new ranking of No. 7.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Superb Sabalenka storms to third straight title in Abu Dhabi |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1972336/superb-sabalenka-storms-to-third-straight-title-in-abu-dhabi |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Viktória Hrunčáková]], Daria Kasatkina, den [[Ann Li (tennis)|Ann Li]] to reach de fourth round, wer she loose to No. 11 [[Serena Williams]] insyd three sets. Nonetheless, at de same tournament, Sabalenka win ein second major doubles title plus Elise Mertens, defeating Barbora Krejčíková den Kateřina Siniaková insyd de final.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Imhoff|first1=Dan|title=Sabalenka/Mertens storm to women’s doubles crown|url=https://ausopen.com/articles/match-report/sabalenkamertens-storm-womens-doubles-crown|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Australian Open|date=19 February 2021}}</ref> By winning de title, she ascend to world No. 1 insyd de doubles rankings for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka captures WTA World No.1 doubles ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2039721/sabalenka-captures-wta-world-no-1-doubles-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210223224358/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2039721/sabalenka-captures-wta-world-no-1-doubles-ranking |archive-date=23 February 2021 |access-date=5 February 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> As de defending champion at de Qatar Open, Sabalenka loose ein opening match to Garbiñe Muguruza.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2022 |title=Garbiñe Muguruza edges Aryna Sabalenka in Doha epic |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/garbine-muguruza-edges-aryna-sabalenka-in-doha-epic |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210222034/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/garbine-muguruza-edges-aryna-sabalenka-in-doha-epic |archive-date=10 February 2022 |access-date=10 February 2022 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Dubai Championships, Sabalenka defeat [[Alizé Cornet]] den No. 24 Anett Kontaveit to reach de quarterfinals, wer she san loose to No. 16 Garbiñe Muguruza insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2022 |title=Muguruza repeats in Sabalenka thriller, Mertens awaits in Dubai |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/muguruza-repeats-in-sabalenka-thriller-mertens-awaits-in-dubai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210222537/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/muguruza-repeats-in-sabalenka-thriller-mertens-awaits-in-dubai |archive-date=10 February 2022 |access-date=10 February 2022 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Miami Open, Sabalenka cam from a set down to defeat qualifier [[Tsvetana Pironkova]] insyd ein opening match. She defeat Veronika Kudermetova den No. 20 Markéta Vondroušová insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to world No. 1 Ashleigh Barty insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ash Barty reaches Miami Open semifinals with three-set win over Aryna Sabalenka|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/31167448/ash-barty-reaches-miami-open-semifinals-three-set-win-aryna-sabalenka|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=30 March 2021}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein clay season at de Stuttgart Open. She defeat Zhang Shuai den qualifier [[Anna-Lena Friedsam]], widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Anett Kontaveit insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She upset No. 3 Simona Halep insyd straight sets to reach de final. Insyd de final, she san loose to world No. 1 Ashleigh Barty insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Stuttgart Open: World number one Ashleigh Barty beats Aryna Sabalenka in final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/56877716|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=25 April 2021}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Vera Zvonareva, Daria Kasatkina, den Jessica Pegula, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Swing free and prosper: Sabalenka powers past Pegula in Madrid|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/swing-free-and-prosper-sabalenka-powers-past-pegula-in-madrid|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=4 May 2021}}</ref> She reach de semifinals as No. 16 Elise Mertens retired while trailing by a set.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Tignor|first1=Steve|title=Aryna Sabalenka builds steam through clay-court surge in Madrid|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-builds-steam-through-clay-court-surge-in-madrid|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=5 May 2021}}</ref> She defeat [[Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova]] insyd straight sets to reach ein second consecutive final on clay.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Sabalenka storms into second consecutive clay-court final in Madrid|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-storms-into-second-consecutive-clay-court-final-in-madrid|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=6 May 2021}}</ref> Insyd de final, she upset world No. 1 Ashleigh Barty insyd three sets to win ein tenth WTA title den first on clay.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats top-ranked Ashleigh Barty to win Madrid Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/31411768/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-top-ranked-ashleigh-barty-win-madrid-open|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=8 May 2021}}</ref> As a result, ein ranking move go world No. 4.<ref name="WTAMadrid2021">{{Cite web |date=8 May 2021 |title=Sabalenka captures Madrid title in thriller over Barty |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326233615/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> At de Italian Open, Sabalenka defeat Sara Sorribes Tormo before losing to Coco Gauff.<ref>{{cite news|title=American teen Gauff stuns Madrid champion Sabalenka in Rome|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/american-teen-gauff-stuns-madrid-open-champion-sabalenka-in-rome-405469.html|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=13 May 2021}}</ref> At de French Open, she defeat qualifier [[Ana Konjuh]] den Aliaksandra Sasnovich before losing to Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova.<ref>{{cite news|title=French Open tennis – Aryna Sabalenka's title hopes over at Roland Garros after Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova loss|url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/roland-garros/2021/french-open-tennis-number-three-seed-aryna-sabalenka-crashes-out-to-anastasia-pavlyuchenkova-after-t_sto8354420/story.shtml|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[TNT Sports]]|date=4 June 2021}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein grass season at de German Open. She loose ein opening match against Madison Keys.<ref>{{cite news|title=Madison Keys edges Aryna Sabalenka in Berlin second round|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/keys-upsets-top-seeded-sabalenka-to-reach-german-open-qfs|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=16 June 2021}}</ref> Nonetheless, Sabalenka den ein compatriot Victoria Azarenka win de doubles event, defeating de top-seeded pair of Demi Schuurs den [[Nicole Melichar]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2021 |title=Azarenka and Sabalenka Sent Out Tokyo Olympics 2021 Warnings After Claiming WTA Berlin Title |url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/victoria-azarenka-and-aryna-sabalenka-sent-out-tokyo-olympics-2021-warnings-after-claiming-wta-berlin-title-tennis-news/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202149/https://www.essentiallysports.com/victoria-azarenka-and-aryna-sabalenka-sent-out-tokyo-olympics-2021-warnings-after-claiming-wta-berlin-title-tennis-news/ |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=21 June 2021}}</ref> At de Eastbourne International, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Bernarda Pera]] den Alison Riske-Amritraj, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to qualifier Camila Giorgi insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Giorgi takes seesaw battle over Sabalenka in Eastbourne QFs|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2178203/giorgi-takes-seesaw-battle-over-sabalenka-in-eastbourne-qfs|access-date=29 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=24 June 2021}}</ref> At de Wimbledon Championships, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Monica Niculescu insyd de first round. Insyd de second round, she cam from a set down to defeat wildcard entrant Katie Boulter. Insyd de third round, she defeat qualifier [[Camila Osorio]]. She defeat No. 20 [[Elena Rybakina]] insyd three sets to reach ein first major quarterfinal.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka overpowers Elena Rybakina at Wimbledon, books maiden major quarterfinal against Ons Jabeur|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-grand-slam-quarterfinal-ons-jabeur-wimbledon|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=5 July 2021}}</ref> She defeat No. 24 Ons Jabeur insyd straight sets to reach ein first major semifinal, becoming de third Belarusian woman to reach Wimbledon semifinals following [[Natasha Zvereva]] insyd 1998 den Victoria Azarenka insyd 2011 den 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 July 2021 |title=Sabalenka passes Jabeur test; Pliskova sails past Golubic into Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2184833/sabalenka-passes-jabeur-test-pliskova-sails-past-golubic-into-wimbledon-semis |access-date=15 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to No. 13 [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pliskova grabs comeback win over Sabalenka to make first Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2186147/pliskova-grabs-comeback-win-over-sabalenka-to-make-first-wimbledon-final|access-date=29 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 July 2021}}</ref> As a result, she reach a career-high ranking of No. 3.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=12 July 2021 |title=Ranking Reaction: Shapovalov back in Top 10, Sabalenka up to No. 3 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-shapovalov-back-in-top-10-sabalenka-up-to-no-3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712130125/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-shapovalov-back-in-top-10-sabalenka-up-to-no-3 |archive-date=12 July 2021 |access-date=11 September 2023 |work=tennis.com}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein North American hard court season at de Canadian Open. She defeat wildcard entrants [[Sloane Stephens]] den [[Rebecca Marino]] to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat No. 15 Victoria Azarenka to reach de semifinals,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka stops compatriot Azarenka to reach Montreal semis|url=https://apnews.com/article/sports-canada-tennis-montreal-0868aacd079053298f3dee250f297163|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[Associated Press]]|date=14 August 2021}}</ref> wer she san loose to No. 6 Karolína Plíšková insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=14 August 2021 |title=Karolina Pliskova plays clean match to defeat Aryna Sabalenka in Montreal |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-pliskova-plays-clean-match-to-defeat-aryna-sabalenka-in-montreal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925223704/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-pliskova-plays-clean-match-to-defeat-aryna-sabalenka-in-montreal |archive-date=25 September 2023 |access-date=15 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, she loose ein opening-round match against [[Paula Badosa]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2021 |title=Upsets galore in Cincinnati as Aryna Sabalenka, Elina Svitolina, Iga Swiatek, Bianca Andreescu lose |url=https://www.tennis365.com/wta-tour/upsets-galore-cincinnati-aryna-sabalenka-elina-svitolina-iga-swiatek-bianca-andreescu-lose |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916150907/https://www.tennis365.com/wta-tour/upsets-galore-cincinnati-aryna-sabalenka-elina-svitolina-iga-swiatek-bianca-andreescu-lose/ |archive-date=16 September 2021 |access-date=16 September 2021}}</ref> Despite de loss, she reach a career-high ranking of No. 2.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=23 August 2021 |title=Ranking Reaction: Aryna Sabalenka passes Naomi Osaka for No. 2 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-aryna-sabalenka-passes-naomi-osaka-for-no-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240211095615/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-aryna-sabalenka-passes-naomi-osaka-for-no-2 |archive-date=11 February 2024 |access-date=11 September 2023 |work=tennis.com}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Nina Stojanović]] insyd de first round insyd three sets. She defeat [[Tamara Zidanšek]], No. 29 Danielle Collins, No. 16 Elise Mertens,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka defeats Mertens in straight sets in U.S. Open fourth round|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/sabalenka-defeats-mertens-straight-sets-us-open-fourth-round-2021-09-06/|access-date=29 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=6 September 2021}}</ref> den No. 9 Barbora Krejčíková, widout dropping a set, to reach ein second major semifinal.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka charges past Krejcikova to reach US Open semis|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2246150/sabalenka-charges-past-krejcikova-to-reach-us-open-semis|access-date=29 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 September 2021}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to [[Leylah Fernandez]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2021 |title=Fearless Fernandez battles past Sabalenka into first Grand Slam final at US Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2247811/fearless-fernandez-battles-past-sabalenka-into-first-grand-slam-final-at-us-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910024839/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2247811/fearless-fernandez-battles-past-sabalenka-into-first-grand-slam-final-at-us-open |archive-date=10 September 2021 |access-date=13 September 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Secof a positive COVID-19 test, na Sabalenka no be able to play at Indian Wells.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Sabalenka withdraws from Indian Wells|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/58778566|archive-date=5 February 2023|access-date=5 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205044951/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/58778566|url-status=live}}</ref> Sabalenka qualify for de WTA Finals insyd singles for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|title=First qualifiers announced for 2021 WTA Finals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2257737/first-qualifiers-announced-for-2021-wta-finals|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=20 September 2021}}</ref> She defeat [[Iga Świątek]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Aryna Sabalenka fights past Iga Swiatek to secure first WTA Finals win and remain in semifinal contention|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-edges-iga-swiatek-for-first-wta-finals-win-semifinal-contention|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=14 November 2021}}</ref> buh na she be eliminated by Paula Badosa<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Aryna Sabalenka is rusty, and Paula Badosa wins in a round-robin rout at WTA Finals|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wta-finals-2021-round-robin-preview|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=11 November 2021}}</ref> den Maria Sakkari<ref>{{cite news|last1=Berkok|first1=John|title=Maria Sakkari outlasts Aryna Sabalenka to clinch last spot in final four at WTA Finals|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sakkari-outlasts-sabalenka-to-clinch-last-spot-in-final-four-at-wta-finals|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=16 November 2021}}</ref> insyd de round-robin stage. === 2022: US Open semifinal === Sabalenka struggle plus ein serve at de beginning of 2022. At de Adelaide International 1, she loose ein opening match against [[Kaja Juvan]];<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=After hitting 18 double faults, Aryna Sabalenka loses season opener to Kaja Juvan in Adelaide |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/second-ranked-sabalenka-loses-her-season-opening-match |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627114452/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/second-ranked-sabalenka-loses-her-season-opening-match |archive-date=27 June 2022 |access-date=27 June 2022 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> at de Adelaide International 2, she loose ein first round to qualifier [[Rebecca Peterson]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Peterson stuns top seed as Sabalenka’s service woes continue in Adelaide|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-s-service-woes-continue-as-peterson-stuns-top-seed-in-adelaide|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=11 January 2022}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she manage to dig out three-set wins against wildcard entrant [[Storm Sanders]],<ref name="Kane2022">{{Cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=18 January 2022 |title=Aryna Sabalenka's first serve: No. 2 seed conquers yips to survive Sanders, begin Australian Open campaign |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612105016/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |archive-date=12 June 2022 |access-date=28 July 2026 |website=[[Tennis (magazine)|Tennis]]}}</ref> [[Wang Xinyu]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Johnson|first1=Abbey|title=Australian Open: Aryna Sabalenka evades upset exodus; beats Xinyu Wang to reach 3R|url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/108015/australian-open-aryna-sabalenka-evades-upset-exodus-beats-xinyu-wang-to-reach-3r/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis World|date=20 January 2022}}</ref> den Markéta Vondroušová,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kemp|first1=Emma|title=Sabalenka too good for Vondrousova but Inglis run ended by Kanepi|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2022/jan/22/sabalenka-too-good-for-vondrousova-but-inglis-run-ended-by-kanepi-australian-open-tennis|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=22 January 2022}}</ref> buh she loose insyd de fourth round to [[Kaia Kanepi]] insyd a three-set match, wich end insyd a third-set super-tiebreak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Swiatek surges past Cirstea, Kanepi upsets Sabalenka to make Australian Open quarters |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2462425/swiatek-surges-past-cirstea-kanepi-upsets-sabalenka-to-make-australian-open-quarters |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520100700/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2462425/swiatek-surges-past-cirstea-kanepi-upsets-sabalenka-to-make-australian-open-quarters |archive-date=20 May 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2022 |title=Aryna Sabalenka becomes highest seed to fall at Australian Open, beaten by Kaia Kanepi in fourth round |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/australian-open/2022/aryna-sabalenka-becomes-highest-seed-to-fall-at-australian-open-beaten-by-kaia-kanepi_sto8734719/story.shtml}}</ref> At de Dubai Championships, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Marta Kostyuk]] before losing to Petra Kvitová.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kudermetova stuns Muguruza; Kvitova knocks out Sabalenka in Dubai|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2488937/kudermetova-stuns-muguruza-kvitova-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-dubai|access-date=30 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=16 February 2022}}</ref> At de Qatar Open, Sabalenka beat wildcard entrant Alizé Cornet<ref>{{cite news|last1=Lloyd|first1=James|title=Sabalenka downs Cornet as Azarenka withdraws from Qatar Open|url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/sabalenka-downs-cornet-as-azarenka-withdraws-from-qatar-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis UpToDate|date=22 February 2022}}</ref> den [[Jil Teichmann]], widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Richardson|first1=James|title=Qatar Open news: Top seed cruises into the quarterfinals|url=https://www.tennis365.com/tennis-news/qatar-open-news-top-seed-quarterfinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis365|date=23 February 2022}}</ref> Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to No. 8 den eventual champion Iga Świątek insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ostapenko wins 9th straight match; Swiatek sweeps into Doha semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2502600/ostapenko-wins-9th-straight-match-swiatek-sweeps-into-doha-semis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626162848/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2502600/ostapenko-wins-9th-straight-match-swiatek-sweeps-into-doha-semis |archive-date=26 June 2022 |access-date=6 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka loose ein opening match against Jasmine Paolini.<ref>{{cite news|title=Paolini stuns Sabalenka in Indian Wells for first Top 10 win; Sakkari, Kvitova advance|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2529166/paolini-stuns-sabalenka-in-indian-wells-for-first-top-10-win|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=12 March 2022}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she loose ein opening match against [[Irina-Camelia Begu]]. <ref>{{cite news|last1=Mesic|first1=Dzevad|title=Irina Begu reacts to ousting No. 1 seed Aryna Sabalenka in Miami|url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/111306/irina-begu-reacts-to-ousting-no-1-seed-aryna-sabalenka-in-miami/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis World|date=26 March 2022}}</ref> At de Charleston Open, Sabalenka loose insyd de third round to Amanda Anisimova.<ref>{{cite news|title=Amanda Anisimova topples top seed Aryna Sabalenka to reach Charleston quarterfinals|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/amanda-anisimova-topples-sabalenka-to-reach-charleston-quarterfinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=7 April 2022}}</ref> At de Stuttgart Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Bianca Andreescu]]<ref>{{cite news|last1=Livaudais|first1=Stephanie|title=Sabalenka regroups to halt Andreescu, reach quarterfinals in Stuttgart|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-regroups-to-halt-bianca-andreescu-reach-quarterfinals-in-stuttga|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=21 April 2022}}</ref> den No. 6 Anett Kontaveit insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat No. 3 Paula Badosa insyd straight sets to reach ein second straight Stuttgart final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2022 |title=Sabalenka topples Badosa to reach second straight Stuttgart final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2587119/sabalenka-topples-badosa-to-reach-second-straight-stuttgart-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423231637/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2587119/sabalenka-topples-badosa-to-reach-second-straight-stuttgart-final |archive-date=23 April 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de final, she san loose to world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek takes Stuttgart Open for fourth title of 2022 as winning streak reaches 23 matches|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/33797634/iga-swiatek-takes-stuttgart-open-fourth-title-2022-winning-streak-reaches-23-matches|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=24 April 2022}}</ref> As de defending champion at de Madrid Open, na dem san knock Sabalenka out by Amanda Anisimova insyd de first round.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 April 2022 |title=Anisimova dethrones defending champion Sabalenka in Madrid |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2594683/anisimova-dethrones-defending-champion-sabalenka-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428185057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2594683/anisimova-dethrones-defending-champion-sabalenka-in-madrid |archive-date=28 April 2022 |access-date=30 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Italian Open, Sabalenka defeat Zhang Shuai den No. 11 Jessica Pegula, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Amanda Anisimova insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. Insyd de semifinals, she loose to world No. 1 Iga Świątek for de third time insyd 2022.<ref>{{Cite news|title=World number one Swiatek into Rome Open final|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/61448479|access-date=15 May 2022|archive-date=15 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515085046/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/61448479|url-status=live}}</ref> At de French Open, she defeat [[Chloé Paquet]] den Madison Brengle before losing to Camila Giorgi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 May 2022 |title=Giorgi upsets Sabalenka at French Open; Kasatkina awaits in Round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2636132/giorgi-upsets-sabalenka-at-french-open-kasatkina-awaits-in-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704022900/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2636132/giorgi-upsets-sabalenka-at-french-open-kasatkina-awaits-in-round-of-16 |archive-date=4 July 2022 |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Sabalenka begin de grass-court season at de Libéma Open. She defeat [[Kateryna Baindl]] den wildcard entrant [[Arianne Hartono]], widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Alison Van Uytvanck insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat [[Shelby Rogers]] insyd straight sets to make de final. Insyd de final, she loose to Ekaterina Alexandrova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Alexandrova routs Sabalenka to win 's-Hertogenbosch|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2644516/alexandrova-routs-sabalenka-to-win-shertogenbosch|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=12 June 2022}}</ref> Secof Wimbledon ein ruling on Russian den Belarusian players, dem ban Sabalenka from participating insyd de event, cutting ein grass season short.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Treisman |first=Rachel |date=20 April 2022 |title=Wimbledon bans Russian and Belarusian players — including No. 2 Medvedev |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/04/20/1093741869/wimbledon-russian-players |publisher=NPR}}</ref> Sabalenka open de US hardcourt swing insyd Silicon Valley Classic. She cam from a set down to defeat lucky loser [[Caroline Dolehide]] insyd ein opening match. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to No. 12 den eventual champion Daria Kasatkina insyd three sets. At de Canadian Open, she defeat Sara Sorribes Tormo before losing to No. 11 Coco Gauff.<ref>{{cite news|title=Coco Gauff beats Arnya Sabalenka at Canadian Open in longest match of her career to set up Simona Halep quarter-final|url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/wta-toronto/2022/coco-gauff-beats-arnya-sabalenka-at-canadian-open-in-longest-match-of-her-career-to-set-up-simona-ha_sto9081228/story.shtml|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[TNT Sports]]|date=12 August 2022}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Sabalenka reach de last 16 as qualifier Anna Kalinskaya retire while trailing by a set.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka sprints into last 16 of Western & Southern Open|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-through-to-last-16-618290.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=18 August 2022}}</ref> She defeat wildcard entrant Shelby Rogers insyd three sets to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Zhang Shuai insyd straight sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka surges past Zhang into Cincinnati semifinals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2750497/sabalenka-surges-past-zhang-into-cincinnati-semifinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=19 August 2022}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to qualifier den eventual champion [[Caroline Garcia]] iinsyd hree sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cincy semis: Sabalenka vs. Garcia a showcase in power |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2750499/cincy-semis-kvitova-vs-keys-sabalenka-vs-garcia-a-showcase-in-power |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908172523/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2750499/cincy-semis-kvitova-vs-keys-sabalenka-vs-garcia-a-showcase-in-power |archive-date=8 September 2022 |access-date=8 September 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Catherine Harrison (tennis)|Catherine Harrison]] insyd de first round.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sixth seed Sabalenka through to second round at Flushing Meadows|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/us-open-news/us-open-sabalenka-through-to-second-round-620638.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=30 August 2022}}</ref> Insyd de second round, she cam from a set down to defeat Kaia Kanepi.<ref>{{cite news|title=An incredible collapse from Kanepi lets Sabalenka off the hook and into the third round|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/us-open-news/us-open-sabalenka-through-to-third-round-621798.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=2 September 2022}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she defeat qualifier [[Clara Burel]] insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she cam from a set down to defeat No. 19 Danielle Collins.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Walker|first1=Mollie|title=Aryna Sabalenka comes back again to advance to US Open quarterfinal|url=https://nypost.com/2022/09/05/aryna-sabalenka-comes-back-to-advance-to-us-open-quarterfinal/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[New York Post]]|date=5 September 2022}}</ref> She defeat No. 22 Karolína Plíšková insyd straight sets to reach ein second consecutive US Open semifinal.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Carayol|first1=Tumaini|title=Sabalenka returns to US Open semi-final with dominant victory over Pliskova|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2022/sep/07/karolina-pliskova-aryna-sabalenka-andrey-rublev-frances-tiafoe-us-open-tennis-quarter-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=7 September 2022}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she be defeated by world No. 1 Iga Świątek for de fourth time dis season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2022 |title=Swiatek and Sabalenka renew rivalry in US Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2785780/swiatek-and-sabalenka-renew-rivalry-in-us-open-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908173204/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2785780/swiatek-and-sabalenka-renew-rivalry-in-us-open-semifinals |archive-date=8 September 2022 |access-date=8 September 2022 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de San Diego Open, Sabalenka defeat wildcard entrant Sloane Stephens before losing to qualifier Donna Vekić.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vekic ousts Sabalenka in San Diego, sets Collins clash in semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2851646/vekic-ousts-sabalenka-in-san-diego-sets-collins-clash-in-semifinals |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Guadalajara Open, she loose ein opening match against [[Liudmila Samsonova]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Samsonova stuns Sabalenka in Guadalajara – sends Garcia, Gauff to WTA Finals|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/guadalajara-open-wta-1000/guadalajara-open-samsonova-books-spot-in-last-16-630730.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=19 October 2022}}</ref> Sabalenka qualify for de WTA Finals for a second straight year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2022 |title=Sabalenka and Kasatkina qualify for 2022 WTA Finals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2865210/sabalenka-and-kasatkina-qualify-for-2022-wta-finals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021014603/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2865210/sabalenka-and-kasatkina-qualify-for-2022-wta-finals |archive-date=21 October 2022 |access-date=27 October 2022 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2022 |title=Road to the WTA Finals: Aryna Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2876324/road-to-the-wta-finals-aryna-sabalenka |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She defeat world No. 2 Ons Jabeur<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka outlasts Jabeur on opening night of WTA Finals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2886071/sabalenka-outlasts-jabeur-on-opening-night-of-wta-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=1 November 2022}}</ref> den No. 3 Jessica Pegula<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats Pegula to reach WTA Finals semis, Jabeur eliminated|url=https://www.news24.com/sport/tennis/sabalenka-beats-pegula-to-reach-wta-finals-semis-jabeur-eliminated-20221105|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[News24 (website)|News24]]|date=5 November 2022}}</ref> insyd de round-robin stage, den No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd de semifinals.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka stuns No. 1 Iga Swiatek to reach first final at WTA Finals |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-stuns-no-1-iga-swiatek-to-reach-first-final-at-wta-finals |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka upsets Swiatek to reach WTA Finals championship match |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897254/sabalenka-upsets-swiatek-to-reach-wta-finals-championship-match |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She cam be de fourth woman to defeat de top 3 players at de same tournament, joining [[Steffi Graf]] (1999 French Open), Serena Williams (2002 Miami Open), den [[Venus Williams]] (2008 WTA Finals). She loose ein group match against Maria Sakkari<ref>{{cite news|title=Sakkari beats Sabalenka to reach last four of WTA Finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/jabeur-battles-back-beat-pegula-wta-finals-2022-11-03/|access-date=30 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=3 November 2022}}</ref> wey she loose insyd de final to Caroline Garcia insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Garber|first1=Greg|title=Garcia caps off comeback season with title at the WTA Finals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2898398/garcia-caps-off-comeback-season-with-title-at-the-wta-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 November 2022}}</ref> === 2023: Australian Open champion, No. 1 === [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_(2023_US_Open)_35.jpg|right|thumb|Sabalenka at de 2023 US Open]] Sabalenka begin ein 2023 season at de Adelaide International. She defeat Liudmila Samsonova,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka saves seven set points, beats Samsonova in Adelaide 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3008222/sabalenka-saves-seven-set-points-beats-samsonova-in-adelaide-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109153456/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3008222/sabalenka-saves-seven-set-points-beats-samsonova-in-adelaide-1 |archive-date=9 January 2023 |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Markéta Vondroušová, den Irina-Camelia Begu<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka into Adelaide 1 final, faces Czech teen Noskova |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3012346/sabalenka-into-adelaide-1-final-faces-czech-teen-noskova |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> to reach de final. She defeat qualifier [[Linda Nosková]] to win de title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka stops Noskova for 11th career title at Adelaide 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3013260/sabalenka-stops-noskova-for-11th-career-title-at-adelaide-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312065522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3013260/sabalenka-stops-noskova-for-11th-career-title-at-adelaide-1 |archive-date=12 March 2023 |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Seeded fifth at de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Tereza Martincová]], Shelby Rogers, Elise Mertens,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bencic, Sabalenka set up Round of 16 showdown in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3030334/bencic-sabalenka-set-up-round-of-16-showdown-in-melbourne |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> den No. 10 Belinda Bencic<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2023 |title=Sabalenka tops Bencic, will face Vekić in Australian Open quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3034993/sabalenka-tops-bencic-will-face-vekic-in-australian-open-quarterfinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126185613/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3034993/sabalenka-tops-bencic-will-face-vekic-in-australian-open-quarterfinals |archive-date=26 January 2023 |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> to reach ein first-ever Australian Open quarterfinal. She then beat Donna Vekić to reach ein fourth Grand Slam semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Three takeaways: Sabalenka into first Australian Open semifinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3037080/three-takeaways-sabalenka-into-first-australian-open-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125182600/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3037080/three-takeaways-sabalenka-into-first-australian-open-semifinal |archive-date=25 January 2023 |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She beat [[Magda Linette]] to secure ein 10th straight-set victory of 2023 wey make ein first ever major final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka defeats Linette to reach first major final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3038481/sabalenka-defeats-linette-to-reach-first-grand-slam-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126145545/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3038481/sabalenka-defeats-linette-to-reach-first-grand-slam-final |archive-date=26 January 2023 |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2023 |title=How Sabalenka found her inner calm and a new level of success |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3039450/how-sabalenka-found-her-inner-calm-and-a-new-level-of-success |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat No. 25 [[Elena Rybakina]] insyd three sets to win ein first major title.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka holds off Rybakina to win Australian Open, first Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328084008/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |archive-date=28 March 2023 |access-date=18 April 2026 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=10 incredible things Aryna Sabalenka achieved by winning the Australian Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-aryna-sabalenka-achieved-by-winning-the-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201064347/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-aryna-sabalenka-achieved-by-winning-the-australian-open |archive-date=1 February 2023 |access-date=1 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> She cam be de second Belarusian to ever win a major singles title after Victoria Azarenka insyd 2012 den 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title='A joy to watch': Social media reacts to Australian Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040119/-a-joy-to-watch-social-media-reacts-to-australian-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128192630/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040119/-a-joy-to-watch-social-media-reacts-to-australian-open-final |archive-date=28 January 2023 |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='I still feel like I'm on another planet': Sabalenka steps out with Australian Open trophy |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040637/-i-still-feel-like-i-m-on-another-planet-sabalenka-steps-out-with-australian-open-trophy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129050607/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040637/-i-still-feel-like-i-m-on-another-planet-sabalenka-steps-out-with-australian-open-trophy |archive-date=29 January 2023 |access-date=29 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Champions Corner: How Aryna Sabalenka learned a new way to fight |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040642/champions-corner-how-aryna-sabalenka-learned-a-new-way-to-fight |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129042811/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040642/champions-corner-how-aryna-sabalenka-learned-a-new-way-to-fight |archive-date=29 January 2023 |access-date=29 January 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Australian Open 2023: Aryna Sabalenka beats Elena Rybakina to win Melbourne title|publisher=BBC Sport|first=Jonathan|last=Jurejko|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/64437033|date=28 January 2023|access-date=30 January 2022|archive-date=28 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128114034/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/64437033|url-status=live}}</ref> After winning de title insyd Melbourne, Sabalenka rise back to No. 2 insyd de WTA rankings. Insyd Dubai, Sabalenka defeat lucky loser [[Lauren Davis]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 February 2023 |title=Sabalenka extends run; Pliskova, Krejcikova grab Top 10 wins in Dubai |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3076921/sabalenka-extends-run-pliskova-krejcikova-grab-top-10-wins-in-dubai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230607100618/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3076921/sabalenka-extends-run-pliskova-krejcikova-grab-top-10-wins-in-dubai |archive-date=7 June 2023 |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Jeļena Ostapenko. Insyd de quarterfinals, she fall to de eventual champion Barbora Krejčíková insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 February 2023 |title=By the numbers: Krejcikova ends Sabalenka's winning streak in Dubai |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3079631/by-the-numbers-krejcikova-ends-sabalenka-s-winning-streak-in-dubai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127114747/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3079631/by-the-numbers-krejcikova-ends-sabalenka-s-winning-streak-in-dubai |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka defeat [[Evgeniya Rodina]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 March 2023 |title=Sabalenka rolls past Rodina into third round of Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3102915/sabalenka-rolls-past-rodina-into-third-round-of-indian-wells |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320142103/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3102915/sabalenka-rolls-past-rodina-into-third-round-of-indian-wells |archive-date=20 March 2023 |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She reach de fourth round as qualifier Lesia Tsurenko withdraw.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ukrainian player had ‘panic attack’ after chat with WTA chief|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/mar/13/lesia-tsurenko-had-panic-attack-after-chat-with-wta-chief-left-her-shocked-tennis|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=13 March 2023}}</ref> She defeat Barbora Krejčíková insyd three sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2023 |title=Gauff survives Peterson; Sabalenka outlasts Krejcikova in Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3110420/gauff-survives-peterson-sabalenka-outlasts-krejcikova-in-indian-wells |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She defeat sixth seed Coco Gauff<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2023 |title=Sabalenka sweeps past Gauff into Indian Wells semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3111493/sabalenka-sweeps-past-gauff-into-indian-wells-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328080448/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3111493/sabalenka-sweeps-past-gauff-into-indian-wells-semifinals |archive-date=28 March 2023 |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den seventh seed Maria Sakkari insyd straight sets to reach de final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2023 |title=Sabalenka cruises into third final of season at Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113832/sabalenka-cruises-into-third-final-of-season-at-indian-wells |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Australian Open final, she loose to tenth seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=19 March 2023 |title=Rybakina tops Sabalenka to win Indian Wells title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530204200/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |archive-date=30 May 2023 |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd Miami, Sabalenka defeat Shelby Rogers,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wimer|first1=Zachary|title=Sabalenka Battles Injury To Start No. 1 Charge At Miami Open|url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/sabalenka-battles-injury-to-start-no-1-charge-at-miami-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Infinity|date=25 March 2023}}</ref> [[Marie Bouzková]], den Barbora Krejčíková,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Berkok|first1=John|title=Aryna Sabalenka becomes first woman to 20 wins this year with victory over Krejcikova in Miami|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-becomes-first-woman-to-20-wins-this-year-krejcikova-miami|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=28 March 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she be defeated by [[Sorana Cîrstea]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Miami Open 2023: Sorana Cirstea stuns Aryna Sabalenka to reach semi-finals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65118855|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=29 March 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein clay court season at de Stuttgart Open. She defeat Barbora Krejčíková insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats Krejcikova for third time in 2023 to make Stuttgart last-eight|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230419-sabalenka-beats-krejcikova-for-third-time-in-2023-to-make-stuttgart-last-eight|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[France 24]]|date=19 April 2023}}</ref> She defeat wildcard entrant Paula Badosa insyd three sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka comes from behind to beat Badosa, make Stuttgart semis|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3226422/sabalenka-comes-from-behind-to-beat-badosa-make-stuttgart-semis|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=21 April 2023}}</ref> She defeat [[Anastasia Potapova]] insyd straight sets to make ein third straight Stuttgart final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka eases into third straight Stuttgart final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3227940/sabalenka-eases-into-third-straight-stuttgart-final|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=22 April 2023}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of last year ein final, she be defeated by world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win second straight Stuttgart title|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3230399/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-defend-stuttgart-title|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=23 April 2023}}</ref> Insyd Madrid, Sabalenka defeat Sorana Cîrstea<ref>{{cite news|title=Mutua Madrid Open: Aryna Sabalenka sees off Sorana Cirstea in 2R to begin campaign|url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/131813/mutua-madrid-open-aryna-sabalenka-sees-off-sorana-cirstea-in-2r-to-begin-campaign-/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=28 April 2023}}</ref> den wildcard entrants Camila Osorio den [[Mirra Andreeva]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka halts Mirra Andreeva's breakthrough run in Madrid|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3249765/sabalenka-halts-mirra-andreevas-breakthrough-run-in-madrid|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=1 May 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she cam from a set down to beat [[Mayar Sherif]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka survives Madrid Open scare but Daniil Medvedev tumbles out|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/may/02/aryna-sabalenka-survives-scare-to-ease-through-to-madrid-open-semi-final-tennis-aslan-karatsev-daniil-medvedev|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=2 May 2023}}</ref> She defeat ninth seed Maria Sakkari insyd straight sets to reach ein second Madrid final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka surges past Sakkari into second Madrid final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3287309/sabalenka-surges-past-sakkari-into-second-madrid-final|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=4 May 2023}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd three sets to win ein second Madrid title den fifth WTA 1000 title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to win second Madrid title|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3324040/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-win-second-madrid-title|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=6 May 2023}}</ref> Insyd Rome, Sabalenka suffer ein first early defeat of de year, losing ein opening match to Sofia Kenin.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kenin knocks out Sabalenka in Rome second-round upset|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3340538/kenin-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-rome-second-round-upset|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=11 May 2023}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka defeat Marta Kostyuk,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka defeats Kostyuk in French Open first round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3490108/sabalenka-defeats-kostyuk-in-french-open-first-round|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=28 May 2023}}</ref> qualifier [[Iryna Shymanovich]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka holds off Shymanovich in Roland Garros second round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3515773/sabalenka-holds-off-shymanovich-in-roland-garros-second-round|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=31 May 2023}}</ref> [[Kamilla Rakhimova]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka, Stephens set Round of 16 showdown at French Open|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3527835/sabalenka-cruises-into-french-open-round-of-16|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 June 2023}}</ref> den Sloane Stephens,<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka stops Sloane Stephens to reach quarterfinals|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37795533/aryna-sabalenka-stops-sloane-stephens-reach-quarterfinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=4 June 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein first French Open quarterfinal. She defeat Elina Svitolina insyd straight sets to reach ein first French Open semifinal.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka shuffles into first Roland Garros semifinal over inspired Elina Svitolina|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-roland-garros-semifinal-over-inspired-elina-svitolina|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=6 June 2023}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd three sets, despite leading 5–2 den holding match point.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2023 |title=Muchova topples Sabalenka at French Open; makes first Grand Slam final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3532701/muchova-topples-sabalenka-at-french-open-makes-first-grand-slam-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910124212/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3532701/muchova-topples-sabalenka-at-french-open-makes-first-grand-slam-final |archive-date=10 September 2023 |access-date=14 September 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka begin ein grass court season at de German Open. She defeat qualifier Vera Zvonareva before losing to wildcard entrant Veronika Kudermetova. At de Wimbledon Championships, Sabalenka defeat [[Panna Udvardy]] insyd de first round.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Herman|first1=Martyn|title=Sabalenka races through against Udvardy|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-races-through-against-udvardy-2023-07-04/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=4 July 2023}}</ref> Insyd de second round, she cam from a set down to defeat [[Varvara Gracheva]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon 2023: Aryna Sabalenka fights past Varvara Gracheva; Iga Swiatek, Ons Jabeur win|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66132659|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=8 July 2023}}</ref> She defeat Anna Blinkova,<ref>{{cite news|title=No.2 Sabalenka powers into Wimbledon Round of 16|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3578549/no2-sabalenka-powers-into-wimbledon-round-of-16|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 July 2023}}</ref> Ekaterina Alexandrova,<ref>{{cite news|title=Superb Sabalenka glides past Alexandrova into Wimbledon quarter-finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/superb-sabalenka-glides-past-alexandrova-into-wimbledon-quarter-finals-2023-07-10/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=10 July 2023}}</ref> den Madison Keys,<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Madison Keys in straight sets to reach Wimbledon semifinals|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/07/12/sport/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-madison-keys-wimbledon-spt-intl|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[CNN]]|date=12 July 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein fourth consecutive major semifinal. Insyd de semifinals, she loose to sixth seed Ons Jabeur insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon 2023 results: Ons Jabeur fights back to beat Aryna Sabalenka and reach final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66191815|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=13 July 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein North American hard court season insyd Montréal. She defeat Petra Martić<ref>{{cite news|title=No.2 Sabalenka reels in Martic to win Montreal opener|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3624542/no2-sabalenka-reels-in-martic-to-win-montreal-opener#:~:text=In%20the%20tiebreak%2C%20Sabalenka%20came,hour%20and%2058%2Dminute%20match.&text=Sabalenka%20finished%20the%20match%20with,while%20hitting%2017%20unforced%20errors.|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=10 August 2023}}</ref> before losing to Liudmila Samsonova.<ref>{{cite news|title=Samsonova upsets Sabalenka, Pegula holds off Gauff at Canadian Open|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/samsonova-upsets-world-number-two-sabalenka-canadian-open-2023-08-11/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=12 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd Cincinnati, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Ann Li insyd three sets insyd ein opening match. She defeat Daria Kasatkina insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Western & Southern Open: Sabalenka reaches quarter-finals|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-reaches-quarter-finals-706059.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=18 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Wimbledon semifinal, she defeat fifth seed Ons Jabeur insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka steadies, scores bittersweet revenge over Ons Jabeur in Cincinnati|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-steadies-scores-bittersweet-revenge-over-ons-jabeur-in-cincinnat|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=19 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema French Open semifinal, she san fall to Karolína Muchová insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Muchova rallies past Sabalenka again for Cincinnati final berth|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3642067/muchova-rallies-past-sabalenka-again-for-cincinnati-final-berth|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=19 August 2023}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Maryna Zanevska]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka wobbles before seeing off Zanevska at US Open|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-wobbles-before-seeing-off-zanevska-us-open-2023-08-30/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=30 August 2023}}</ref> [[Jodie Burrage]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka powers past Burrage into U.S. Open third round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-powers-past-burrage-into-us-open-third-round-2023-08-31/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=1 September 2023}}</ref> Clara Burel,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka speeds into US Open second week; to face Kasatkina next|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3667129/sabalenka-speeds-past-burel-into-us-open-second-week|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 September 2023}}</ref> Daria Kasatkina,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka shines in first match since clinching No. 1, demolishes Daria Kasatkina at US Open|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-match-world-no-1-daria-kasatkina-2023-us-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=5 September 2023}}</ref> den [[Zheng Qinwen]],<ref name="semis">{{cite news|title=US Open 2023 results: Aryna Sabalenka beats Zheng Qinwen to reach semi-finals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66734895|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=7 September 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein third consecutive US Open semifinal. She cam be de first player to reach de semifinals of all four major events insyd one year since Serena Williams insyd 2016.<ref name="semis" /> She outlast Madison Keys after losing de first set 6–0 to reach ein first US Open final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka outlasts Keys, makes first US Open final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3677143/sabalenka-outlasts-keys-makes-first-us-open-final|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 September 2023}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to sixth seed Coco Gauff insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Maine|first1=D'Arcy|title=Coco Gauff tops Aryna Sabalenka to win US Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/38362953/coco-gauff-tops-aryna-sabalenka-win-us-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=9 September 2023}}</ref> Secof de loss of No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd de fourth round, Sabalenka cam be, for de first time, de world No. 1 tennis player.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka is about to be No. 1 in the WTA rankings. She could be the new US Open champ, too|url=https://apnews.com/article/us-open-live-updates-september-4-tennis-91207712f437c49b3d4dc2c56fca1270|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Associated Press]]|date=4 September 2023}}</ref> She cam be de 29th player to be ranked No. 1 insyd de world on de WTA Tour, den de second Belarusian, after Victoria Azarenka. She sanso be de eighth female player to have been ranked No. 1 insyd de Open Era insyd both singles den doubles at some point insyd dema careers.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shukla |first=Dr Balraj |date=1 October 2022 |title=9 players ranked World No. 1 in both singles and doubles ft. Martina Navratilova and Serena Williams |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/tennis/9-players-ranked-world-no-1-singles-doubles-ft-martina-navratilova-serena-williams |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208020513/https://www.sportskeeda.com/tennis/9-players-ranked-world-no-1-singles-doubles-ft-martina-navratilova-serena-williams |archive-date=8 December 2022 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=www.sportskeeda.com}}</ref> After de US Open, Sabalenka play at de China Open. She defeat wildcard entrant Sofia Kenin,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka shines in first match as No. 1, Vondrousova crashes in Beijing|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-shines-first-match-no-1-vondrousova-crashes-beijing-2023-10-01/|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=1 October 2023}}</ref> qualifier Katie Boulter,<ref>{{cite news|title=China Open: Aryna Sabalenka beats Katie Boulter in second round|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66991990|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=3 October 2023}}</ref> den Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{cite news|title=China Open: World number one Aryna Sabalenka progresses to quarter-final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/67015133|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=5 October 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to fifth seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=China Open: Elena Rybakina downs world No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka as Coco Gauff and Iga Swiatek set up last-four clash|url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/china-open-coco-gauff-and-iga-swiatek-to-meet-in-semi-final-as-world-no.-1-aryna-sabalenka-crashes-o_sto9826436/story.shtml|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[TNT Sports]]|date=7 October 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka make ein third consecutive appearance at de WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka, Swiatek lead first set of qualifiers for WTA Finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-lead-first-set-qualifiers-wta-finals-2023-09-23/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=23 September 2023}}</ref> She defeat Maria Sakkari<ref>{{cite news|title=No.1 Sabalenka dominates Sakkari to open WTA Finals campaign|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3760543/sabalenka-races-past-sakkari-to-win-wta-finals-opener|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=30 October 2023}}</ref> den Elena Rybakina<ref>{{cite news|title=Top seed Sabalenka knocks Rybakina out of WTA Finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/top-seed-sabalenka-knocks-rybakina-out-wta-finals-2023-11-03/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=4 November 2023}}</ref> buh she loose to Jessica Pegula<ref>{{cite news|title=Pegula handles top-ranked Sabalenka; advances to semifinals in Cancun|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3762715/pegula-handles-top-ranked-sabalenka-improves-to-2-0-at-wta-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=31 October 2023}}</ref> insyd de round-robin stage. Insyd de semifinals, she loose to Iga Świątek insyd straight sets, who go go on to win de event.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-iga-swiatek-vs-aryna-sabalenka-results|title=Iga Swiatek into final after dominant win over Aryna Sabalenka at WTA Finals|newspaper=The Guardian|date=5 November 2023|accessdate=29 December 2023|last1=Carayol|first1=Tumaini}}</ref> As a result, Świątek reclaim de world No. 1 ranking wey Sabalenka fini as year-end No. 2.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek returns to No. 1 with WTA Finals win over Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/38834897/swiatek-returns-world-no-1-wta-finals-win-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215075919/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/38834897/swiatek-returns-world-no-1-wta-finals-win-pegula |archive-date=15 December 2023 |accessdate=29 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=7 November 2023|title=By the numbers: The 2023 year-end rankings|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772549/by-the-numbers-the-2023-year-end-rankings|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2024: Two major titles, year-end No. 1 === [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_US_Open_2024.jpg|left|thumb|Sabalenka at de 2024 US Open]] Sabalenka start ein 2024 tennis season at de Brisbane International. She defeat [[Lucia Bronzetti]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Avila|first1=Cristhián|title=2024 Brisbane International: Aryna SABALENKA exhibits top form, dispatching Lucia BRONZETTI in straight-sets|url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/match-report-2024-brisbane-international-aryna-sabalenka-exhibits-top-form-dispatching-lucia-bronzetti-in-straight-sets|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis UpToDate|date=3 January 2024}}</ref> [[Zhu Lin (tennis)|Zhu Lin]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Harper|first1=Lachlan|title='I'm super happy to be back': Defending Australian Open champion Aryna Sabalenka charms crowd with classic interview|url=https://www.nine.com.au/sport/tennis/brisbane-international-tennis-2024-aryna-sabalenka-interview-zhu-lin-result-20240104-p5j8vj.html|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Nine.com.au]]|date=4 January 2024}}</ref> Daria Kasatkina,<ref>{{Cite news|date=5 January 2024|title=Sabalenka bests Kasatkina in Brisbane, wins 14th straight Australian match|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3849585/sabalenka-bests-kasatkina-in-brisbane-wins-14th-straight-australian-match|access-date=4 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den Victoria Azarenka<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2024 |title=Sabalenka bests Azarenka; to renew rivalry with Rybakina in Brisbane final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850355/sabalenka-bests-azarenka-to-renew-rivalry-with-rybakina-in-brisbane-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240712204241/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850355/sabalenka-bests-azarenka-to-renew-rivalry-with-rybakina-in-brisbane-final |archive-date=12 July 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de final. Insyd de final, she loose to second seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina races past Sabalenka to win Brisbane International |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850958/rybakina-races-past-sabalenka-to-win-brisbane-international |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107065759/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850958/rybakina-races-past-sabalenka-to-win-brisbane-international |archive-date=7 January 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Sabalenka overcame qualifier [[Ella Seidel]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/67973427|title=Australian Open 2024 results: Aryna Sabalenka, Maria Sakkari and Caroline Wozniacki advance|work=BBC Sport|date=14 January 2024|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=10 December 2024}}</ref> qualifier [[Brenda Fruhvirtová]],<ref>{{cite web |date=17 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Sabalenka glides past Fruhvirtova into third round |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/tennis/australian-open-2024-score-results-sabalenka-vs-fruhvirtova-highlights-round-2-match/article67748142.ece |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Sportstar}}</ref> Lesia Tsurenko,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mulvenney |first1=Nick |date=19 January 2024 |title=No handshakes as Sabalenka downs Ukraine's Tsurenko in third round |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/no-handshakes-sabalenka-downs-ukraines-tsurenko-third-round-2024-01-19/ |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> Amanda Anisimova,<ref>{{cite web |date=21 January 2024 |title=Sabalenka easily ends Anisimova's Australian Open run |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/sabalenka-easily-ends-anisimovas-australian-open-run-739121.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226165053/https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/sabalenka-easily-ends-anisimovas-australian-open-run-739121.html |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> ninth seed Barbora Krejčíková,<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka storms past Barbora Krejcikova to set up Coco Gauff semi-final at 2024 Australian Open |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/australian-open/2024/aryna-sabalenka-storms-past-barbora-krejcikova-to-set-up-coco-gauff-semi-final-at-2024-australian-op_sto9986817/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123113458/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/australian-open/2024/aryna-sabalenka-storms-past-barbora-krejcikova-to-set-up-coco-gauff-semi-final-at-2024-australian-op_sto9986817/story.shtml |archive-date=23 January 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de semifinals. Insyd a rematch of dema US Open final, she defeat fourth seed Coco Gauff insyd straight sets to reach ein second consecutive Australian Open final.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68083625|title=Australian Open 2024 results: Aryna Sabalenka beats Coco Gauff & faces Zheng Qinwen|work=BBC Sport|date=25 January 2024|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=10 December 2024|archive-date=14 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240214070924/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68083625|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Braidwood |first=Jamie |date=27 January 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka's dominant Australian Open defence completes a stunning transformation |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-qinwen-zheng-result-b2485879.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127120003/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-qinwen-zheng-result-b2485879.html |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=27 January 2024 |work=The Independent}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68109149|title=Australian Open 2024 women's final result: Aryna Sabalenka beats Zheng Qinwen in Melbourne|work=BBC Sport|date=27 January 2024|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=10 December 2024|archive-date=27 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127102341/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68109149|url-status=live}}</ref> becoming de first woman to successfully defend ein title at de Australian Open since Victoria Azarenka insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Parry |first=Martin |date=27 January 2024 |title=Dominant Sabalenka crushes Zheng to defend Australian Open title |url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/dominant-sabalenka-crushes-zheng-defend-101250205.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127102602/https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/dominant-sabalenka-crushes-zheng-defend-101250205.html |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=27 January 2024 |publisher=Yahoo! Sport}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ronald |first=Issy |date=27 January 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka successfully defends women's Australian Open title, defeating Zheng Qinwen in dominant fashion |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/01/27/sport/aryna-sabalenka-womens-australian-open-title-zheng-2024-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127101459/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/01/27/sport/aryna-sabalenka-womens-australian-open-title-zheng-2024-spt-intl/index.html |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=27 January 2024 |publisher=CNN}}</ref> At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka defeat [[Peyton Stearns]]<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carroll|first=Rory|date=10 March 2024|title=Sabalenka escapes Stearns to reach Indian Wells third round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/gauff-survives-burel-scare-indian-wells-2024-03-09/|access-date=4 August 2024|work=[[Reuter]]}}</ref> den wildcard entrant [[Emma Raducanu]]<ref>{{Cite news|date=11 March 2024|title=Sabalenka holds off Raducanu in Indian Wells third round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3931023/sabalenka-holds-off-raducanu-in-indian-wells-third-round|access-date=4 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> before losing to [[Emma Navarro]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=14 March 2024|title=Navarro stuns Sabalenka, Gauff cruises into Indian Wells quarters|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/navarro-stuns-sabalenka-reach-indian-wells-quarters-2024-03-13/|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she defeat Paula Badosa<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ronald|first=Issy|date=23 March 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins at Miami Open in first match since death of her former partner|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/03/23/sport/aryna-sabalenka-miami-open-paula-badosa-spt-intl|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> before losing to [[Anhelina Kalinina]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Keating|first=Steve|date=24 March 2024|title=Emotional Sabalenka exits Miami Open in fit of rage|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/emotional-sabalenka-exits-miami-open-fit-rage-2024-03-24/|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein clay season insyd Stuttgart. She reach de quarterfinals wen Paula Badosa retire,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins bestie battle against injured Paula Badosa in late-night Stuttgart match|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wins-bestie-battle-against-injured-paula-badosa-in-late-night-stuttgart-match|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=17 April 2024}}</ref> buh na she be eliminated by sixth seed Markéta Vondroušová insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 April 2024 |title=Vondrousova knocks out Sabalenka in Stuttgart quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3972785/vondrousova-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-stuttgart-quarterfinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523131538/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3972785/vondrousova-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-stuttgart-quarterfinals |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> As de defending champion insyd Madrid, Sabalenka reach de quarterfinals after three-set wins over Magda Linette,<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka 'up and down' in Madrid win over Magda Linette, Katie Boulter stunned by teenager Robin Montgomery |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/aryna-sabalenka-survives-scare-to-overcome-magda-linette-elena-rybakina-eases-past-lucia-bronzetti-a_sto10117748/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426135203/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/aryna-sabalenka-survives-scare-to-overcome-magda-linette-elena-rybakina-eases-past-lucia-bronzetti-a_sto10117748/story.shtml |archive-date=26 April 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> wildcard entrant [[Robin Montgomery]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Madrid Open: Champion Sabalenka fends off impressive Montgomery to reach last 16|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/madrid-open-sabalenka-reaches-last-16-757853.html|access-date=7 September 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=28 April 2024}}</ref> den Danielle Collins.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 April 2024 |title=Sabalenka ends Collins' winning streak to keep Madrid title defense alive |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3989908/sabalenka-ends-collins-winning-streak-to-keep-madrid-title-defense-alive |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525075532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3989908/sabalenka-ends-collins-winning-streak-to-keep-madrid-title-defense-alive |archive-date=25 May 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She defeat Mirra Andreeva insyd straight sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka ends Andreeva's Madrid run to reach semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3991411/sabalenka-ends-andreevas-madrid-run-to-reach-semifinals |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she edge an epic three-set victory over fourth seed Elena Rybakina.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2 May 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka storms back against Elena Rybakina for Madrid final rematch with Swiatek|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-storms-back-against-elena-rybakina-for-madrid-final-rematch-with-swiatek|access-date=7 August 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of de previous year ein final, she face world No. 1 Iga Świątek. Sabalenka get three championship points during de match, buh she eventually loose.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka in epic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-in-epic-2024-madrid-open-final-over-three-sets-with-tie-break-de_sto10130351/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504213149/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-in-epic-2024-madrid-open-final-over-three-sets-with-tie-break-de_sto10130351/story.shtml |archive-date=4 May 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> Insyd Rome, Sabalenka cam from a set down to defeat qualifier [[Katie Volynets]] insyd ein opening match. Insyd de third round, she defeat Dayana Yastremska insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she cam from a set down to defeat Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka saves three match points to beat Svitolina in late-night thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4010587/sabalenka-saves-three-match-points-to-beat-svitolina-in-late-night-thriller |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She defeat ninth seed Jeļena Ostapenko<ref name="Madrid2024QF">{{cite web |date=17 May 2024 |title=Rome: It's a Swiatek v Sabalenka rematch final |url=https://tennisthreads.net/rome-its-a-swiatek-v-sabalenka-rematch-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611122538/https://tennisthreads.net/rome-its-a-swiatek-v-sabalenka-rematch-final/ |archive-date=11 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Tennis Threads}}</ref> den Danielle Collins insyd straight sets to reach de final.<ref name="Madrid2024QF" /> Insyd de final, she san face Iga Świątek, wey she loose insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602145554/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=2 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Erika Andreeva]],<ref>{{cite web |title=French Open 2024: Aryna Sabalenka blitzes Erika Andreeva to get Roland-Garros campaign off to winning start |url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/roland-garros-women/2024/french-open-2024-aryna-sabalenka-blitzes-erika-andreeva-to-get-roland-garros-campaign-off-to-winning-start_sto20007576/story.shtml?welcome=eurosport |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> qualifier [[Moyuka Uchijima]],<ref>{{cite web |date=30 May 2024 |title=Sabalenka claims commanding straight-set win |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn2gv3kq1o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240831193511/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn2gv3kq1o |archive-date=31 August 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Paula Badosa<ref>{{cite web |date=June 2024 |title=Sabalenka powers past 'best friend' Badosa in Paris |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cjll1z6k4w3o |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> den Emma Navarro,<ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2024 |title=Roland-Garros: Sabalenka through to last eight |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/roland-garros-sabalenka-through-to-last-8-765677.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611174203/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/roland-garros-sabalenka-through-to-last-8-765677.html |archive-date=11 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she be hampered by stomach issues<ref>{{cite web |date=6 June 2024 |title="I had a difficult time out there" – Sabalenka reveals being unwell during Andreeva loss |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/i-had-a-difficult-time-out-there-sabalenka-reveals-being-unwell-during-andreeva-loss-766293.html |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> wey she loose to Mirra Andreeva insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andreeva becomes youngest Grand Slam semifinalist in 27 years |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4033773/andreeva-becomes-youngest-grand-slam-semifinalist-in-27-years |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606025000/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4033773/andreeva-becomes-youngest-grand-slam-semifinalist-in-27-years |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Secof ein loss, ein ranking drop to No. 3.<ref>{{Cite news|last=West|first=Ewan|date=5 June 2024|title=Coco Gauff set for incredible rankings breakthrough after Aryna Sabalenka’s French Open exit|url=https://www.tennis365.com/tennis-news/coco-gauff-rankings-breakthrough-world-no-2-aryna-sabalenka-french-open|access-date=6 August 2026|work=Tennis365}}</ref> Sabalenka suffer a right shoulder injury wey force am to retire during ein quarterfinal match against Anna Kalinskaya at de Berlin Open insyd June<ref>{{cite web |date=22 June 2024 |title=Sabalenka and Jabeur retire at Berlin Open |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn1k7zpg7o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240928135211/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn1k7zpg7o |archive-date=28 September 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> wey she withdraw from de Wimbledon Championships, having failed to recover in time to play.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 2024 |title=Sabalenka withdraws from Wimbledon due to shoulder injury |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4048045/sabalenka-withdraws-from-wimbledon-due-to-shoulder-injury |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704231352/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4048045/sabalenka-withdraws-from-wimbledon-due-to-shoulder-injury |archive-date=4 July 2024 |accessdate=8 July 2024 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_Trophy_US_Open_2024.jpg|right|thumb|Sabalenka dey lift de 2024 US Open singles trophy]] Sabalenka return from injury at de Washington DC Open. She defeat qualifier Kamilla Rakhimova<ref>{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Washington Open: Sabalenka moves into last eight|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/washington-open-sabalenka-moves-into-last-eight-776700.html|access-date=6 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> den Victoria Azarenka<ref>{{Cite news|date=3 August 2024|title=Washington Open: Sabalenka books spot in last four|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/washington-open-sabalenka-books-spot-in-last-4-776993.html|access-date=6 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> to reach de semifinals, wer she loose to Marie Bouzková insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite news|date=3 August 2024|title=Error-prone Aryna Sabalenka stumbles out of DC Open in the semifinals|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2024/08/03/dc-open-semifinals-aryna-sabalenka-paula-badosa-ben-shelton-frances-tiafoe-sebastian-korda/|access-date=6 August 2026|work=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> At de Canadian Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Yuan Yue]] den Katie Boulter to reach de quarterfinals,<ref>{{cite news|title=Boulter knocked out of Canadian Open by Sabalenka|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clyl204d2nlo|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=10 August 2024}}</ref> wer she loose to Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Amanda Anisimova upsets Aryna Sabalenka to make Toronto semis|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40812988/amanda-anisimova-upsets-aryna-sabalenka-make-toronto-semis|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=10 August 2024}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Elisabetta Cocciaretto]],<ref>{{Cite news|date=15 August 2024|title=Sabalenka makes strong start at Western & Southern Open|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-moves-into-last-16-779352.html|access-date=4 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> Elina Svitolina,<ref>{{Cite news|date=16 August 2024|title=By the numbers: Sabalenka seals fourth Cincinnati quarterfinal berth|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4084431/sabalenka|access-date=4 August 2024|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den Liudmila Samsonova<ref>{{Cite news|last=Dimon|first=Ricky|date=17 August 2024|title=Sabalenka sinks Samsonova to reach Cincinnati semi-finals|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-into-semi-finals-779633.html|access-date=4 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> to reach de semifinals. She defeat world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd de semifinals,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka beats Swiatek to reach Cincinnati final |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd6y282w997o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240828175928/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd6y282w997o |archive-date=28 August 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news|last=Grez|first=Matias|date=19 August 2024|title=Cincinnati Open: Aryna Sabalenka defeats Iga Świątek to set up final against Jessica Pegula|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/08/19/sport/cincinnati-open-aryna-sabalenka-jessica-pegula-spt-intl|access-date=6 August 2026|work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> wey she defeat sixth seed Jessica Pegula to win de title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka wins first title since Australian Open |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c0mn84mk9ygo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240907232826/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c0mn84mk9ygo |archive-date=7 September 2024 |accessdate=7 September 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=19 August 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka tops Jessica Pegula, wins first Cincinnati Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40921088/aryna-sabalenka-tops-jessica-pegula-wins-first-cincinnati-open|access-date=6 August 2026|work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Ein ranking move back to No. 2.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Priscilla Hon]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tennery |first1=Amy |date=27 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka cruises past Hon in US Open first round |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-cruises-past-hon-us-open-first-round-2024-08-27/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> den Lucia Bronzetti insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka hammers Bronzetti to reach U.S. Open third round |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-hammers-bronzetti-reach-us-open-third-round-2024-08-28/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Ekaterina Alexandrova.<ref>{{cite web |date=31 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka shrugs off late US Open start to battle past Alexandrova |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-shrugs-off-late-us-open-start-battle-past-alexandrova-2024-08-31/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> She defeat Elise Mertens,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 September 2024 |title=Sabalenka reaches fourth US Open quarter-final in a row |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cy0n2p4ewl3o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908090411/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cy0n2p4ewl3o |archive-date=8 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> seventh seed Zheng Qinwen<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tennery |first1=Amy |date=4 September 2024 |title=Sabalenka cruises past Zheng to reach US Open semi-final |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-cruises-past-zheng-reach-us-open-semi-final-2024-09-04/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> den Emma Navarro,<ref>{{cite web |date=6 September 2024 |title=Back-to-back: Sabalenka beats Navarro to make second straight US Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4107917/back-to-back-sabalenka-beats-navarro-to-make-second-straight-us-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908090410/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4107917/back-to-back-sabalenka-beats-navarro-to-make-second-straight-us-open-final |archive-date=8 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein second straight US Open final. She defeat sixth seed Jessica Pegula insyd straight sets to win ein first US Open singles title den third major singles title.<ref>{{cite web |date=7 September 2024 |title=World No. 2 Aryna Sabalenka wins US Open over American Jessica Pegula for third grand slam singles title |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/07/sport/us-open-final-pegula-sabalenka-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240907232122/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/07/sport/us-open-final-pegula-sabalenka-spt-intl/index.html |archive-date=7 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=7 September 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka bests American hope Jessica Pegula for U.S. Open title in New York City |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/sports/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-bests-american-hope-jessica-pegula-us-open-title-rcna169925 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908003344/https://www.nbcnews.com/sports/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-bests-american-hope-jessica-pegula-us-open-title-rcna169925 |archive-date=8 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=NBC News}}</ref> She cam be de fifth woman to win de Australian Open den de US Open insyd de same year since 1988.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Maine|first=D’Arcy|date=7 September 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka beats Jessica Pegula to win elusive US Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/41167233/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-jessica-pegula-straight-sets-win-us-open|access-date=5 August 2026|work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Sabalenka continue ein great form insyd China. At de China Open, she defeat qualifier [[Mananchaya Sawangkaew]],<ref>{{cite web |date=28 September 2024 |title=Sabalenka holds off qualifier Sawangkaew in Beijing for 13th straight win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4132051/sabalenka-holds-off-qualifier-sawangkaew-in-beijing-for-13th-straight-win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226091235/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4132051/sabalenka-holds-off-qualifier-sawangkaew-in-beijing-for-13th-straight-win |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> [[Ashlyn Krueger]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Big in Beijing: Sabalenka takes win streak to 14, one shy of career high |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4136517/big-in-beijing-sabalenka-takes-win-streak-to-14-one-shy-of-career-high |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003203638/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4136517/big-in-beijing-sabalenka-takes-win-streak-to-14-one-shy-of-career-high |archive-date=3 October 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> den Madison Keys,<ref>{{cite web |date=1 October 2024 |title=Sabalenka beats Keys in Beijing to win 15th straight, matches personal best |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4138269/sabalenka-beats-keys-in-beijing-to-win-15th-straight-matches-personal-best |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112005634/https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4138269/sabalenka-beats-keys-in-beijing-to-win-15th-straight-matches-personal-best |archive-date=12 November 2024 |accessdate=11 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to Karolína Muchová insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Karolina Muchova snaps Aryna Sabalenka's 15-match win streak to reach Beijing semifinals |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-muchova-snaps-aryna-sabalenka-15-match-win-streak-zheng-qinwen-beijing |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112005633/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-muchova-snaps-aryna-sabalenka-15-match-win-streak-zheng-qinwen-beijing |archive-date=12 November 2024 |accessdate=11 November 2024 |publisher=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Wuhan Open, wer she win back-to-back insyd 2018 den 2019, before de tournament be suspended secof [[COVID-19]] from 2020 til 2023, Sabalenka defeat Kateřina Siniaková insyd straight sets insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 October 2024 |title=Two-time defending champion Sabalenka returns to winning ways in Wuhan |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4146107/two-time-defending-champion-sabalenka-returns-to-winning-ways-in-wuhan |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam back from a set down against Yulia Putintseva.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka makes 11th straight quarterfinal to stay undefeated in Wuhan |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4146984/sabalenka-makes-11th-straight-quarterfinal-to-stay-undefeated-in-wuhan |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226164253/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4146984/sabalenka-makes-11th-straight-quarterfinal-to-stay-undefeated-in-wuhan |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de quarterfinals, she defeat [[Magdalena Fręch]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka's 42-winner barrage propels her into Wuhan semis; Gauff awaits |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4147473/sabalenkas-42-winner-barrage-propels-her-into-wuhan-semis-gauff-awaits |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she mount a comeback from a set den a break down against fourth seed Coco Gauff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka snaps Gauff's streak to make third Wuhan final; faces Zheng |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4147952/sabalenka-snaps-gauffs-streak-to-make-third-wuhan-final-faces-zheng |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat fifth seed Zheng Qinwen insyd three sets to lift ein third Wuhan Open title den ein second WTA 1000 title for de 2024 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=13 October 2024 |title=Sabalenka beats Zheng in three-set thriller to win third Wuhan title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4148330/sabalenka-beats-zheng-in-three-set-thriller-to-win-third-wuhan-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112163106/https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4148330/sabalenka-beats-zheng-in-three-set-thriller-to-win-third-wuhan-title |archive-date=12 November 2024 |accessdate=12 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After 11 months off de top insyd October, Sabalenka regain de WTA world number-one ranking.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Zagoria|first=Adam|date=21 October 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka Reclaims World No. 1 Ranking|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/adamzagoria/2024/10/21/aryna-sabalenka-reclaims-world-no-1-ranking/|access-date=7 August 2026|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Following wins against Zheng Qinwen<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka's decisive opening victory against Zheng sets tone at WTA Finals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4161763/sabalenkas-decisive-opening-victory-against-zheng-sets-tone-at-wta-finals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226182709/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4161763/sabalenkas-decisive-opening-victory-against-zheng-sets-tone-at-wta-finals |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> den Jasmine Paolini insyd ein first two group matches at de WTA Finals,<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2024 |title=Zheng into last four of Finals as Sabalenka loses |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c74lz1qqjqko |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113034321/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c74lz1qqjqko |archive-date=13 November 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> combined plus Świątek ein loss to Coco Gauff, Sabalenka for de first time go finish as year-end No. 1.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kapetanekis|first=Arthur|date=5 November 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka clinches WTA year-end No. 1 ranking for first time|url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-11-05/aryna_sabalenka_clinches_wta_yearend_no_1_ranking_for_first_time.html|access-date=7 August 2026|work=US Open}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Macpherson|first=Alex|date=11 November 2024|title=Year-end rankings wrap: A look at the new No.1, Top 10 shifts and much more|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4166962/by-the-numbers-the-2024-year-end-rankings|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She loose ein last group match to Elena Rybakina<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2024 |title=Rybakina hands No.1 Sabalenka first loss at WTA Finals Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4164035/rybakina-hands-no1-sabalenka-first-loss-at-wta-finals-riyadh |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226171110/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4164035/rybakina-hands-no1-sabalenka-first-loss-at-wta-finals-riyadh |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wey na she be defeated by Coco Gauff insyd de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gauff takes down Sabalenka and is one win away from the WTA Finals crown |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4165502/gauff-takes-down-sabalenka-and-is-one-win-away-from-the-wta-finals-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207101323/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4165502/gauff-takes-down-sabalenka-and-is-one-win-away-from-the-wta-finals-crown |archive-date=7 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd December, na dem name Sabalenka WTA Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 December 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka voted Player of the Year as WTA Awards Week kicks off |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4182688/aryna-sabalenka-voted-player-of-the-year-as-wta-awards-week-kicks-off |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241209210715/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4182688/aryna-sabalenka-voted-player-of-the-year-as-wta-awards-week-kicks-off |archive-date=9 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 December 2024 |title=Sabalenka voted WTA Player of the Year |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clyj6jm28dgo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210085540/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clyj6jm28dgo |archive-date=10 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> === 2025: US Open title, year-end No. 1 === Sabalenka start 2025 at de Brisbane International. She defeat [[Renata Zarazúa]],<ref>{{cite web |date=31 December 2024 |title=Sabalenka opens season with clinical Brisbane win |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr56jrzjd14o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106160357/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr56jrzjd14o |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Yulia Putintseva,<ref>{{cite web |title=Brisbane takeaways: Sabalenka overcomes tough first set, outlasts Putintseva |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193141/takeaways-sabalenka-passes-putintseva-test-to-reach-brisbane-quarters |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106160357/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193141/takeaways-sabalenka-passes-putintseva-test-to-reach-brisbane-quarters |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Marie Bouzková,<ref>{{cite web |date=3 January 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka advances to semis after 'really tough' battle against Marie Bouzková |url=https://www.nine.com.au/sport/tennis/brisbane-international-2025-aryna-sabalenka-quarter-finals-interview-marie-bouzkov-20250103-p5l20y.html |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=Nine}}</ref> den No. 16 Mirra Andreeva,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka beats Andreeva in Brisbane semis for 40th career win in Australia |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193992/sabalenka-beats-andreeva-in-brisbane-semis-for-40th-career-win-in-australia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106005334/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193992/sabalenka-beats-andreeva-in-brisbane-semis-for-40th-career-win-in-australia |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de final. Insyd de final, she cam back from a set down against qualifier [[Polina Kudermetova]] to win de title.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 January 2025 |title=Sabalenka wins Brisbane title; Osaka retires in Auckland |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cz6l53z974zo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106083449/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cz6l53z974zo |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=No.1 Sabalenka holds off Polina Kudermetova to win Brisbane title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194305/no-1-sabalenka-holds-off-polina-kudermetova-to-win-brisbane-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105160601/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194305/no-1-sabalenka-holds-off-polina-kudermetova-to-win-brisbane-title |archive-date=5 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> As de two-time defending champion at de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat Sloane Stephens,<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2025 |title=Sabalenka breezes past Stephens to make Australian Open second round |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/it-feels-like-home-two-time-defending-champion-sabalenka-breezes-past-stephens-in-melbourne-803297.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250115180743/https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/it-feels-like-home-two-time-defending-champion-sabalenka-breezes-past-stephens-in-melbourne-803297.html |archive-date=15 January 2025 |access-date=12 January 2025 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Jéssica Bouzas Maneiro]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Siegemund upsets Zheng; Sabalenka holds on at Australian Open|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4198740/siegemund-upsets-zheng-sabalenka-holds-on-at-australian-open|access-date=17 January 2025|work=Women's Tennis Association|language=en|archive-date=17 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117030057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4198740/siegemund-upsets-zheng-sabalenka-holds-on-at-australian-open|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Clara Tauson]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka clinches tense match with scorching backhand|url=https://www.smh.com.au/sport/tennis/sabalenka-clinches-tense-match-with-scorching-backhand-20250117-p5l58c.html|access-date=17 January 2025|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=17 January 2025|language=en|archive-date=17 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117030057/https://www.smh.com.au/sport/tennis/sabalenka-clinches-tense-match-with-scorching-backhand-20250117-p5l58c.html|url-status=live}}</ref> den No. 15 Mirra Andreeva, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat No.12 Paula Badosa insyd straight sets to advance to ein third straight Australian Open final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka sweeps past Badosa into third straight AO final|url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/sabalenka-sweeps-past-badosa-third-straight-ao-final|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to No. 14 Madison Keys insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Australian Open: Keys upsets 2-time champion Sabalenka in women's final for 1st Grand Slam title|url=https://apnews.com/article/australian-open-2025-women-final-keys-sabalenka-9c448968ccd1ef1e3ccc1a068d1808bc|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Australian Open F: Aryna Sabalenka vs Madison Keys Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250125-W-Australian_Open-F-Aryna_Sabalenka-Madison_Keys.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> At de Qatar Open, Sabalenka loose ein opening match against Ekaterina Alexandrova.<ref>{{cite news|title=Alexandrova stuns Sabalenka in third-set tiebreak for sixth straight win|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4214516/alexandrova-stuns-sabalenka-in-third-set-tiebreak-for-sixth-straight-win|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> At de Dubai Championships, she defeat qualifier Veronika Kudermetov<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|title=Sabalenka wins in Dubai; Zheng and Andreeva matches postponed to Wednesday|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4217914/sabalenka-wins-in-dubai-zheng-and-andreeva-matches-postponed-to-wednesday|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> before losing to Clara Tauson.<ref>{{cite news|title=Clara Tauson thumps Aryna Sabalenka in Dubai third-round upset|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/clara-tauson-thumps-aryna-sabalenka-in-dubai-third-round-upset|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_at_2025_Miami_Open_04_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb| Sabalenka at a 2025 Miami Open press conference]] At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka defeat [[McCartney Kessler]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Indian Wells R64: Aryna Sabalenka vs Mccartney Kessler Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250308-W-Indian_Wells-R64-Aryna_Sabalenka-Mccartney_Kessler.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref><ref name="tennis.com">{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins Indian Wells opener over McCartney Kessler|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wins-indian-wells-opener-mccartney-kessler|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> Lucia Bronzetti,<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka annihilates Bronzetti in the 3rd round – INDIAN WELLS RESULTS. HIGHLIGHTS. HIGHLIGHTS, INTERVIEW|url=https://tennistonic.com/tennis-news/835884/aryna-sabalenka-annihilates-bronzetti-in-the-3rd-round-indian-wells-results-highlights-highlights-interview/|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> lucky loser [[Sonay Kartal]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Indian Wells takeaways: Sabalenka reaches quarters for second time|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4232446/indian-wells-takeaways-sabalenka-reaches-quarters-for-second-time|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> den Liudmila Samsonova,<ref>{{cite news|title=Indian Wells: Aryna Sabalenka Eases Past Liudmila Samsonova To Set Up SF Against Madison Keys|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/sports/tennis/indian-wells-open-2025-aryna-sabalenka-beats-liudmila-samsonova-to-set-up-semifinal-against-madison-keys-match-report|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de semifinals. Insyd a rematch of dema Australian Open final, she defeat fifth seed Madison Keys insyd straight sets to reach ein second Indian Wells final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Women's Semifinal: Stingy Sabalenka Gets Rapid Revenge On Keys|url=https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/aryna-sabalenka-madison-keys-2025|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to ninth seed Mirra Andreeva insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite news|date=16 March 2025|title=Mirra Andreeva stops No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka for Indian Wells title|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/44279674/mirra-andreeva-stops-no-1-aryna-sabalenka-indian-wells-title|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> At de Miami Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Viktoriya Tomova]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka makes quick work of Tomova to book Miami third-round spot|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4236330/sabalenka-makes-quick-work-of-tomova-to-book-miami-third-round-spot|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> She reach de fourth round as qualifier [[Elena-Gabriela Ruse]] retire while trailing by a set.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins as Elena-Gabriela Ruse retires injured|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/44361560/aryna-sabalenka-wins-elena-gabriela-ruse-retires-injury|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> She defeat defending champion Danielle Collins,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka ousts defending champ Collins; to meet Zheng in Miami quarters|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4238241/sabalenka-ousts-defending-champ-collins-to-meet-zheng-in-miami-quarters|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> ninth seed Zheng Qinwen,<ref>{{cite news|title=Miami Open: Aryna Sabalenka Improves to 6–0 Over Qinwen Zheng|url=https://www.si.com/onsi/serve/news/miami-open-aryna-sabalenka-improves-6-0-over-qinwen-zheng|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Miami QF: Qinwen Zheng vs Aryna Sabalenka Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250325-W-Miami-QF-Qinwen_Zheng-Aryna_Sabalenka.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> sixth seed Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka to face Pegula in Miami final as Eala beaten|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c17q4kz90xwo|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> den fourth seed Jessica Pegula to win de title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Jessica Pegula, wins Miami Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/44459318/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-jessica-pegula-wins-miami-open|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Miami F: Aryna Sabalenka vs Jessica Pegula Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250329-W-Miami-F-Aryna_Sabalenka-Jessica_Pegula.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> She cam be de eighth player to have surpassed de 10,000 points mark insyd de WTA rankings.<ref>{{Cite news|date=30 March 2025|title=World No.1 Aryna Sabalenka surpasses greats on all-time WTA rankings with first Miami Open title|url=https://www.nine.com.au/sport/tennis/miami-open-final-2025-aryna-sabalenka-defeats-jessica-pegula-results-wta-rankings-record-20250330-p5lnne.html|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[Nine.com.au]]}}</ref> Starting ein clay season at de Stuttgart Open, Sabalenka reach de quarterfinals via walkover wen Anastasia Potapova withdraw secof injury.<ref name="express.co.uk">{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka in 'awkward' situation as she asks rival 'what are you doing to me?'|url=https://www.express.co.uk/sport/tennis/2042919/Aryna-Sabalenka-Porsche-Tennis-Grand-Prix-Stuttgart|access-date=17 April 2025}}</ref> She defeat Elise Mertens<ref name="express.co.uk" /> den fifth seed Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{Cite news|date=20 April 2025|title=Sabalenka beats Paolini to reach fourth Stuttgart final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c0l09ylz23do|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein fourth Stuttgart final. She loose de championship match against Jeļena Ostapenko insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2025 |title=Ostapenko defeats Sabalenka for first time to claim Stuttgart title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4252173/ostapenko-defeats-sabalenka-for-first-time-to-claim-stuttgart-title |website=WTATennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2025 |title=Jelena Ostapenko stuns Aryna Sabalenka to win Tennis Grand Prix in Stuttgart |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6295962/2025/04/21/jelena-ostapenko-stuttgart-tennis-grand-prix-sabalenka-result-analysis/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Anna Blinkova insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka passes Blinkova test to advance to Madrid third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4253943/sabalenka-passes-blinkova-test-to-advance-to-madrid-third-round |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Elise Mertens.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka defeats Mertens for ninth straight time to make Madrid last 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4255050/sabalenka-defeats-mertens-for-ninth-straight-time-to-make-madrid-last-16 |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> She defeat Peyton Stearns,<ref>{{cite web |date=29 April 2025 |title=No. 1 Sabalenka moves past Stearns into Madrid quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4256297/no-1-sabalenka-moves-past-stearns-into-madrid-quarterfinals |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> Marta Kostyuk,<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka weathers Marta Kostyuk in windy Madrid quarterfinal |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-weathers-marta-kostyuk-windy-madrid-quarterfinal |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> den Elina Svitolina,<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2025 |title=Top seed Sabalenka powers into Madrid final for fourth time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257357/top-seed-sabalenka-powers-into-madrid-final-for-fourth-time |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein fourth Madrid final. Insyd de final, she defeat fourth seed Coco Gauff insyd straight sets to claim ein third Madrid Open title.<ref>{{cite web |date=3 May 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka beats Coco Gauff to win Madrid Open |url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/aryna-sabalenka-beats-coco-gauff-183100482.html |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka's Madrid win makes a bigger title in Paris look more possible than ever |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-madrid-win-makes-bigger-title-paris-look-more-possible-ever-gauff |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> She cam be de third woman to surpass 11,000 points insyd de WTA rankings after Serena Williams den Iga Świątek.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 May 2024 |title=Sabalenka owned Madrid, and there's no reason to doubt what comes next |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4258560/sabalenka-owned-madrid-and-there-s-no-reason-to-doubt-what-comes-next |accessdate=12 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=5 May 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka surpasses 11,000 ranking points, joins Serena and Iga on exclusive list |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-surpasses-11000-ranking-points-after-madrid-williams-swiatek-draper-musetti |accessdate=12 June 2024}}</ref> Insyd Rome, Sabalenka defeat Anastasia Potapova insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 May 2025 |title=Banter off court, business on it: Sabalenka opens Rome campaign with win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4261943/banter-off-court-business-on-it-sabalenka-opens-rome-campaign-with-win |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Sofia Kenin.<ref>{{cite web |title=Make it eight in a row for Sabalenka after comeback win over Kenin in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4262871/no-deja-vu-sabalenka-avenges-2023-rome-loss-to-kenin-in-three-sets |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> She defeat Marta Kostyuk insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals,<ref>{{cite web |title=First Madrid, now Rome: Sabalenka turns back Kostyuk again |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4264371/first-madrid-now-rome-sabalenka-turns-back-kostyuk-again |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> wer she loose to eighth seed Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Seventh time's the charm! Zheng earns first win over Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4265415/seventh-times-the-charm-zheng-earns-first-win-over-sabalenka |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Zheng ends Sabalenka's winning streak to reach the final four in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4265417/zheng-ends-sabalenkas-winning-streak-to-reach-the-final-four-in-rome |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka defeat Kamilla Rakhimova,<ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2025 |title=Sabalenka loses only one game in Paris opener |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c331rejg1exo |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> Jil Teichmann,<ref>{{cite web |title=Roland Garros takeaways: Sabalenka settles in after early trouble to beat Teichmann |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4274796/roland-garros-takeaways-sabalenka-settles-in-after-early-trouble-to-beat-teichmann |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> [[Olga Danilović]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka vs Danilovic: Things we learned |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2025-aryna-sabalenka-v-olga-danilovic-things-we-learned |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> Amanda Anisimova,<ref>{{cite web |date=June 2025 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka reaches third straight Roland Garros quarterfinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4276621/world-no-1-sabalenka-reaches-third-straight-roland-garros-quarterfinal |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> den Zheng Qinwen,<ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2025 |title=Sabalenka defeats Zheng for seventh time to reach Roland Garros semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4277647/sabalenka-defeats-zheng-for-seventh-time-to-reach-roland-garros-semifinals |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de semifinals. Insyd de semifinals, she defeat three-time defending champion Iga Świątek insyd three sets to reach ein first French Open final.<ref name="WTARG">{{cite web |date=5 June 2024 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Roland Garros SF: Iga Swiatek vs Aryna Sabalenka Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250605-W-Roland_Garros-SF-Iga_Swiatek-Aryna_Sabalenka.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Madrid Open final, she loose to second seed Coco Gauff insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Roland Garros F: Coco Gauff vs Aryna Sabalenka Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250607-W-Roland_Garros-F-Coco_Gauff-Aryna_Sabalenka.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=A champion's heart: Gauff defeats Sabalenka to win French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4280339/a-champions-heart-gauff-defeats-sabalenka-to-win-french-open |accessdate=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein grass season at de Berlin Open. She defeat qualifier [[Rebeka Masarova]] insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 June 2025 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka's second-round match in Berlin suspended overnight |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4290048/world-no-1-sabalenkas-second-round-match-in-berlin-suspended-overnight |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> She defeat No. 11 Elena Rybakina insyd three sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 June 2025 |title=Down 6–2 in final-set tiebreak, Sabalenka escapes Rybakina in Berlin |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4292091/down-6-2-in-final-set-tiebreak-sabalenka-escapes-rybakina-in-berlin |access-date=20 June 2025}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to eventual champion Markéta Vondroušová insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 June 2025 |title=Vondrousova ousts Sabalenka in Berlin, earns first win over a World No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4293012/vondrousova-ousts-sabalenka-in-berlin-earns-first-win-over-a-world-no-1 |access-date=21 June 2025}}</ref> At de Wimbledon Championships, Sabalenka beat qualifier [[Carson Branstine]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Happy return for Sabalenka |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-06-30/happy_return_for_sabalenka.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Marie Bouzková,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka proves her intensity against Bouzkova |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-02/sabalenka_proves_her_intensity_against_bouzkova.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Emma Raducanu,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka ends Raducanu's Wimbledon dream |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-04/sabalenka_ends_raducanus_dream.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> den Elise Mertens,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka sees off Mertens |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-06/sabalenka_sees_off_mertens.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat [[Laura Siegemund]] insyd three sets to advance to de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka conquers inspired Laura Siegemund on Wimbledon Centre Court |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-conquers-inspired-laura-siegemund-on-wimbledon-centre-court |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to No. 12 Amanda Anisimova insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Anisimova stuns Sabalenka to reach first Grand Slam final |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-10/anisimova_stuns_sabalenka_to_reach_first_grand_slam_final.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Despite dis loss, she cam be de first woman to surpass 12,000 points on de WTA rankings since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kallet|first=Brad|date=18 July 2025|title=Sabalenka becomes first player to top 12,000 points since Serena in '15|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4316764/sabalenka-becomes-first-player-to-top-12000-points-since-serena-in-15|access-date=4 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Berkok|first=John|date=17 July 2025|title=Aryna Sabalenka surpasses 12,000 ranking points, the first woman since Serena Williams in 2015|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-woman-since-serena-williams-to-surpass-12000-ranking-points|access-date=4 August 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein US hard court season at de Cincinnati Open. She defeat Markéta Vondroušová insyd straight sets insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 August 2025 |title=Cincinnati Open: Sabalenka sets up Round of 32 showdown with Raducanu |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/cincinnati-open-sabalenka-sets-up-round-of-32-showdown-with-raducanu-832770.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she defeat Emma Raducanu insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 August 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka Escapes Emma Raducanu in Cincinnati Open |url=https://www.si.com/onsi/serve/news/aryna-sabalenka-escapes-emma-raducanu-cincinnati-open |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> She defeat Jessica Bouzas Maneiro insyd straight sets to advance to de quarterfinals. <ref>{{cite web |date=14 August 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka sprints past Jessica Bouzas Maneiro, sets blockbuster Cincinnati Open clash against Elena Rybakina |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/aryna-sabalenka-sprints-past-jessica-bouzas-maneiro-sets-blockbuster-cincinnati-open-clash-against-elena-rybakina |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to ninth seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=15 August 2025 |title=Cincinnati Open: Stormy Rybakina stuns Sabalenka, advances to semi-finals |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/cincinnati-open-stormy-rybakina-stuns-sabalenka-advances-to-semi-finals-833144.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat Rebeka Masarova, Polina Kudermetova, Leylah Fernandez, den [[Cristina Bucșa]],<ref>{{cite web |date=1 September 2025 |title='I play to win': Sabalenka reaches another US Open quarterfinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4354162/im-not-playing-not-to-lose-i-play-to-win-sabalenka-through-to-fifth-straight-us-open-quarterfinal |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She advance to de semifinals via walkover wen Markéta Vondroušová withdraw secof injury.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hansen |first1=James |last2=Futterman |first2=Matthew |date=2 September 2025 |title=Marketa Vondrousova pulls out of U.S. Open quarterfinal with Aryna Sabalenka with injury |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6593120/2025/09/02/vondrousova-us-open-withdrawal-injury/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema 2024 US Open final, she cam from a set down to defeat fourth seed Jessica Pegula den reach ein third consecutive US Open final.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2025 |title=Sabalenka holds firm against Pegula to return to the US Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4357002/sabalenka-pulls-through-late-against-pegula-to-make-the-us-open-final |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Axson |first1=Scooby |last2=Flores |first2=Elizabeth |date=4 September 2025 |title=Defending champion Aryna Sabalenka ousts Jessica Pegula in three-set US Open semifinal |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/tennis/2025/09/04/sabalenka-pegula-tv-time-results-updates/85957989007/ |work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Wimbledon semifinal, she defeat eighth seed Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets to win ein second US Open title den fourth major title. She cam be de first player to defend a US Open singles title since Serena Williams insyd 2014.<ref name="CBSUSOpen2025">{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Amanda Anisimova, winning 2nd straight U.S. Open final |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-open-women-final-winner-aryna-sabalenka-amanda-anisimova/ |access-date=25 April 2026 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=How Aryna Sabalenka beat Amanda Anisimova to defend her US Open 2025 women's singles title |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/live-blogs/us-open-2025-live-updates-womens-final-scores-result/tXLDqut2p9wM/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> As de three-time defending champion at de Wuhan Open, Sabalenka cam from a set down to overcome [[Rebecca Sramkova]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 October 2025 |title=Still unbeaten in Wuhan: Sabalenka overcomes Sramkova from a set down |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4378258/still-unbeaten-in-wuhan-sabalenka-overcomes-sramkova-from-a-set-down |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> She defeat Liudmila Samsonova<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka's Wuhan winning streak reaches 19 matches |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wuhan-winning-streak-reaches-19-matches |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> den eight seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to advance to de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 October 2025 |title=Sabalenka's Wuhan streak hits 20 with first straight-sets victory over Rybakina |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4379331/sabalenka-posts-first-straight-sets-win-vs-rybakina-now-20-0-in-wuhan |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to sixth seed Jessica Pegula insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jessica Pegula ends Aryna Sabalenka's unbeaten Wuhan reign to set Coco Gauff final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/jessica-pegula-ends-aryna-sabalenka-unbeaten-wuhan-reign-comeback-gauff |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> Sabalenka make ein fifth consecutive appearance at de WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka becomes first to qualify for WTA Finals Riyadh presented by PIF|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4305595/sabalenka-becomes-first-to-qualify-for-wta-finals-riyadh-presented-by-pif|access-date=11 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=7 July 2025}}</ref> She win all ein three matches insyd de round-robin stage against Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka celebrates 500th WTA match with win over Paolini in Riyadh|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4395054/sabalenka-celebrates-milestone-500th-match-with-win-over-paolini-in-riyadh|access-date=9 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 November 2025}}</ref> Jessica Pegula,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Poole|first1=Harry|title='Beast mode' Sabalenka beats Pegula at WTA Finals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2lje570geo|access-date=9 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=4 November 2025}}</ref> den Coco Gauff<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2025 |title=Sabalenka takes out Gauff to round out semifinals in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4397426/sabalenka-takes-out-gauff-to-round-out-wta-finals-semifinal-four |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> to reach de semifinals. She defeat Amanda Anisimova insyd three sets to reach ein second WTA Finals final.<ref name="OlympicsWTA2025">{{cite web |title=WTA Finals 2025: Aryna Sabalenka outlasts Amanda Anisimova to reach championship match |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/wta-finals-2025-aryna-sabalenka-reaches-final |access-date=25 April 2026}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 November 2025 |title=The perfect ending: Rybakina tops Sabalenka to win WTA Finals crown |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4398548/rybakina-takes-down-sabalenka-to-close-2025-with-wta-finals-crown |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> For de second year in a row, Sabalenka fini as de year-end No. 1.<ref name=":7">{{Cite news|last=Macpherson|first=Alex|date=10 November 2025|title=The 2025 year-end rankings wrap: Milestones, movers, records and more|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4399733/the-2025-year-end-rankings-wrap-milestones-movers-records-and-more|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She sanso hold de No. 1 position uninterrupted thru de entire season.<ref name=":7" /> Na dem sanso name am WTA Player of de Year for de second year in a row.<ref>{{Cite news|date=15 December 2025|title=And the winners of the 2025 WTA Tour player awards are ...|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4418879/and-the-winners-of-the-2025-wta-tour-player-awards-are|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> On 28 December 2025, Sabalenka (women's singles world No. 1) den [[Nick Kyrgios]] (men's singles world No. 671) contest an exhibition match dem promote as de ''Battle of the Sexes'' at de Coca-Cola Arena insyd Dubai.<ref>{{cite news|author1=|title=Sabalenka, Kyrgios see only positives from 'Battle of the Sexes' match|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-kyrgios-see-only-positives-battle-sexes-match-2025-12-29/|access-date=1 January 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=29 December 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author1=Al Jazeera Staff|title=Kyrgios beats Sabalenka 6–3, 6–3 in ‘Battle of the Sexes’ tennis showdown|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2025/12/28/kyrgios-beats-sabalenka-6-3-6-3-in-battle-of-the-sexes-tennis-showdown|access-date=1 January 2026|work=[[Al Jazeera]]}}</ref> Na de event be organized by dema shared management agency, Evolve. Na dem play de match as a three-set contest under modified rules: na dem reduce de dimensions of Sabalenka ein side of de court by 9%, den both players be restricted to a single serve per point. Insyd de event of a tie, a 10-point match tiebreak go be played.<ref name="SkySports_Dec2025">{{cite web |date=28 December 2025 |title=Battle of the Sexes: Nick Kyrgios beats Aryna Sabalenka in special tennis exhibition match in Dubai |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/13488047/battle-of-the-sexes-nick-kyrgios-beats-aryna-sabalenka-in-special-tennis-exhibition-match-in-dubai |access-date=1 January 2026 |publisher=[[Sky Sports]]}}</ref> According to Evolve, na de court-size adjustment be intended to "reflect average movement-speed differences between men and women".<ref>{{cite news|last1=Braidwood|first1=Jamie|title=Kyrgios v Sabalenka rules: Battle of the Sexes to use modified court and serve limit|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/kyrgios-sabalenka-rules-court-size-serve-b2891096.html|access-date=1 January 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=28 December 2025}}</ref> Kyrgios defeat Sabalenka insyd straight sets, 6–3, 6–3.<ref name="SkySports_Dec2025" /> === 2026: Sunshine Double, Australian Open den US Open finalist === Sabalenka begin ein 2026 season at de Brisbane International. She defeat Cristina Bucșa,<ref>{{cite web |date=6 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka opens 2026 with 48-minute win over Bucsa in Brisbane |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4428905/sabalenka-opens-2026-with-47-minute-win-over-bucsa-in-brisbane |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Sorana Cîrstea,<ref>{{cite web |date=8 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka defeats Cirstea to march on to Brisbane quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4430486/sabalenka-defeats-cirstea-to-march-on-to-brisbane-quarterfinals |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> fifth seed Madison Keys,<ref>{{cite web |date=9 January 2026 |title=Muchova halts Rybakina’s win streak; to face Sabalenka in Brisbane semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431345/muchova-extinguishes-rybakinas-win-streak-to-do-battle-with-sabalenka-in-brisbane-semis |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Karolína Muchová,<ref>{{cite web |date=10 January 2026 |title=Kostyuk knocks out Pegula to set up Brisbane final against Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431929/kostyuk-knocks-out-pegula-to-set-up-brisbane-final-against-sabalenka |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> den Marta Kostyuk to successfully defend ein title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka wins 22nd title in Brisbane, passes Azarenka for third among active players |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4432399/sabalenka-wins-22nd-title-in-brisbane-passes-azarenka-for-third-among-active-players |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat wildcard entrant [[Tiantsoa Sarah Rakotomanga Rajaonah]],<ref>{{cite web |date=18 January 2026 |title=Fearless at the net: How Sabalenka solved an unknown opponent at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4436276/aryna-sabalenka-passes-first-round-test-of-tiantsoa-rakotomanga-rajaonah-in-straight-sets-australian-open-2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> qualifier [[Bai Zhuoxuan]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Church|first1=Michael|title=Top seed Sabalenka sees off Bai to progress to third round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/top-seed-sabalenka-sees-off-bai-progress-third-round-2026-01-21/|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=21 January 2026}}</ref> Anastasia Potapova,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ransom|first1=Ian|title=Sabalenka passes Potapova test to reach Australian Open fourth round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-passes-potapova-test-reach-australian-open-fourth-round-2026-01-23/|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=23 January 2023}}</ref> [[Victoria Mboko]],<ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka raises her game when it counts to beat Mboko at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4439156/sabalenka-raises-her-game-when-it-counts-to-beat-mboko-in-melbourne |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> [[Iva Jovic]],<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2026 |title=By the numbers: Sabalenka ends Jovic's run to reach fourth straight Melbourne semifinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4439974/by-the-numbers-sabalenka-thwarts-jovic-to-reach-fourth-straight-australian-open-semifinal |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> den Elina Svitolina to reach ein fourth consecutive Australian Open final, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 January 2026 |title=Back again! Sabalenka bests Svitolina to reach fourth straight Australian Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4441201/back-again-aryna-sabalenka-bests-elina-svitolina-to-reach-her-fourth-straight-australian-open-final |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema 2025 WTA Finals den 2023 Australian Open finals, she be defeated by fifth seed Elena Rybakina insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sridhar|first1=Shrivathsa|title=Red-hot Rybakina resists Sabalenka to reign at Australian Open|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/rybakina-overpowers-sabalenka-win-first-australian-open-title-2026-01-31/|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=31 January 2026}}</ref> Sabalenka skip de Middle East swing for fatigue-related reasons.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek pull out of Dubai Duty Free Tennis Championships just days before tournament begins |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/aryna-sabalenka-and-iga-swiatek-pull-out-of-dubai-duty-free-tennis-championships-just-days-before-tournament-begins |accessdate=14 February 2026 |publisher=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> She return to play at de Indian Wells Open. She defeat qualifier [[Himeno Sakatsume]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Bambini |first=Cole |date=6 March 2026 |title=By the numbers: Sabalenka defeats Sakatsume in 100th match as World No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4463766/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-himeno-sakatsume-in-100th-match-as-world-no-1-by-the-numbers |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Jaqueline Cristian,<ref>{{cite web |last=Garber |first=Greg |date=8 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka handles Cristian, Osaka next in Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4464719/sabalenka |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Naomi Osaka,<ref>{{cite web |last=Garber |first=Greg |date=10 March 2026 |title=Stellar serving propels Sabalenka past Osaka, into Indian Wells quarters |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4465964/stellar-serving-propels-sabalenka-past-osaka-into-indian-wells-quarters |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> tenth seed Victoria Mboko,<ref name="WTAIW2026">{{Cite web |date=12 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka tops Mboko for second time in 2026 to make Indian Wells semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4467765/sabalenka-tops-mboko-for-second-time-in-2026-to-make-indian-wells-semis |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> den Linda Nosková<ref>{{cite web |last=Bambini |first=Cole |date=14 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka holds off Noskova to reach third Indian Wells final in four years |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4468675/aryna-sabalenka-powers-past-linda-noskova-to-reach-third-indian-wells-final-in-four-years-bnp-paribas-open |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> to reach ein third Indian Wells final, widout dropping a set en route. Insyd a rematch of dema Australian Open den 2023 Indian Wells Open finals, she defeat third seed Elena Rybakina to win ein first Indian Wells title den tenth WTA 1000 title, saving a match point insyd de third-set tiebreaker.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 March 2026 |title=Aryna Sabalenka outlasts Elena Rybakina for Indian Wells title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/48217347/aryna-sabalenka-outlasts-elena-rybakina-indian-wells-title |publisher=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> At de Miami Open, Sabalenka defeat Ann Li,<ref>{{cite web |date=21 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka embraces the fight in Miami return to earn seventh straight win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4473678/sabalenka-embraces-the-fight-to-run-winning-streak-to-seven |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> [[Caty McNally]],<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka to meet Zheng in high-stakes Miami showdown |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4474642/surging-sabalenka-to-meet-rebounding-zheng-in-miami-round-of-16 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Zheng Qinwen,<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=23 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka tops Zheng to set Miami quarterfinal against red-hot Baptiste |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4475217/sabalenka-tops-zheng-again-to-set-miami-quarterfinal-against-baptiste |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> den [[Hailey Baptiste]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=26 March 2026 |title=Timely breaks lift Sabalenka past Baptiste as Rybakina rematch looms in Miami semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4476471/timely-breaks-lift-sabalenka-past-baptiste-as-rybakina-rematch-looms-in-miami-semis |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> to reach de semifinals, widout dropping a set en route. Insyd de semifinals, she defeat third seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to reach ein second straight Miami final.<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=27 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka's win over Rybakina sends her to second straight Miami final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4477126/sabalenka-delivers-commanding-victory-over-rybakina-to-reach-second-straight-miami-final |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat fourth seed Coco Gauff insyd three sets to win ein second straight Miami Open title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka outlasts Gauff in 3 sets to capture Miami Open title|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/48333265/sabalenka-outlasts-gauff-3-sets-capture-miami-open-title|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=28 March 2026}}</ref> She cam be de first player since Iga Świątek insyd 2022 to complete de Sunshine Double den de fifth woman overall to complete de Sunshine Double insyd singles.<ref name="WTAMiami2026">{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=28 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka wins Miami title to become first to complete Sunshine Double since 2022 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4478182/sabalenka-wins-miami-title-to-become-first-to-complete-sunshine-double-since-2022 |access-date=29 March 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player, male anaa female, to complete de achievement insyd both singles den doubles, having previously completed de Sunshine Double insyd doubles at de 2019 Miami Open.<ref name="Local10Miami">{{cite web |last=Mackey |first=Ryan |date=28 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka defeats Gauff to defend Miami Open crown, earns Sunshine Double |url=https://www.local10.com/sports/local/2026/03/28/sabalenka-defeats-gauff-to-defend-miami-open-crown-earn-sunshine-double/ |work=[[WPLG]]}}</ref> Secof an injury, Sabalenka withdraw from Stuttgart, wer na she be runner-up de previous year. She start ein clay season plus a first round bye insyd Madrid. She then defeat [[Peyton Stearns]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka ousts Stearns in Madrid opener with timely breaks, second-serve returns |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4492174/aryna-sabalenka-gets-past-peyton-stearns-in-madrid-opener-timely-breaks-second-serve-returns |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> den 29th seed [[Jaqueline Cristian]] to reach fourth round.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Osaka and Sabalenka to renew rivalry on clay in Madrid |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4493766/osaka-and-sabalenka-to-renew-rivalry-on-clay-in-madrid |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> Insyd de fourth round, she cam back from a set den a break down to defeat [[Naomi Osaka]] to reach ein 17th consecutive quarterfinal on de WTA tour.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka survives Osaka challenge from a set and a break down in Madrid |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4494605/sabalenka-survives-osaka-challenge-from-a-set-and-a-break-down-in-madrid |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> She loose insyd de querterfinals to [[Hailey Baptiste]] after having six match points.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Baptiste saves six match points to stun Sabalenka |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c1e2p5lz6wyo |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> She receive bye insyd de first round insyd Rome, then she defeat Barbora Krejčíková insyd straight sets, before losing to 26th seed [[Sorana Cirstea]] insyd de third round after she be a break den a set up, thus dey mark an end to ein 17 consecutive quarterfinals streak on WTA Tour.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Happy with the level': Sabalenka takes out Krejcikova with straight-sets win in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4500241/sabalenka-extends-head-to-head-edge-over-krejcikova-with-straight-sets-win-in-rome |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Roman renaissance! In final season, Cirstea upsets Sabalenka in third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4501069/roman-renaissance-in-final-season-cirstea-stuns-sabalenka |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka reach de quarterfinals after defeating fellow Grand Slam champion Naomi Osaka insyd de first women's night session match since 2023.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=1 June 2026|title=Sabalenka powers past Osaka in first women’s night match at French Open since 2023|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2026/jun/01/sabalenka-powers-past-osaka-in-first-womens-night-match-in-paris-since-2023|access-date=3 June 2026|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> However, she then loose to 25th seed [[Diana Shnaider]] after a bagel insyd de third set, ending ein hopes of securing a slam on a natural surface.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2026 |title=French Open 2026 results: Aryna Sabalenka crumbles in defeat by Diana Shnaider in quarter-finals |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clypeq8ljp6o |access-date=3 June 2026 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> Sabalenka begin ein grass-court season at Berlin, wer she defeat [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]], after receiving a first round bye.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Poser |first1=Noah |date=17 June 2026 |title=By the numbers: Sabalenka powers past Alexandrova and into Berlin quarters |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4521112/by-the-numbers-sabalenkas-serve-powers-her-past-alexandrova-and-into-berlin-quarters |access-date=5 July 2026}}</ref> She overcam a second set deficit to defeat [[Nikola Bartůňková]] to advance to de semifinals,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lofthouse |first1=Amy |date=19 June 2026 |title=Sabalenka battles back from brink in Berlin |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/clyegxzj01po |access-date=5 July 2026 |website=BBC}}</ref> wer she loose to Jessica Pegula plus a third set bagel.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 June 2026 |title=Sabalenka loses deciding set 6–0 to Pegula in Berlin |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg4182l37po |access-date=5 July 2026 |website=BBC}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Sabalenka loose insyd de fourth round to Osaka. Dis mark de first time since de 2022 French Open wey she loose a major match before de quarterfinals, snapping a streak of 14 major quarterfinal appearances.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 July 2026 |title=Naomi Osaka beats Aryna Sabalenka to reach Wimbledon quarters |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/49278057/naomi-osaka-overpowers-aryna-sabalenka-reach-wimbledon-quarterfinals |access-date=5 July 2026 |website=ESPN}}</ref> At de Canadian Open, Sabalenka loose to Alexandrova insyd de fourth round.<ref>{{cite web |last=Weese |first=Lukas |date=8 August 2026 |title=Aryna Sabalenka falls to Ekaterina Alexandrova in biggest upset of Canadian Open |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/7501739/2026/08/08/aryna-sabalenka-ekaterina-alexandrova-canadian-open-upset/ |access-date=15 September 2026 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Na she get anoda fourth-round appearance at de Cincinnati Open, buh she loose to [[Sára Bejlek]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |author=<!-- not stated --> |date=20 August 2026 |title=Bejlek stuns No. 1 Sabalenka in Cincinnati to reach first WTA 1000 quarterfinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4563121/bejlek-stuns-sabalenka-in-straight-sets-to-reach-cincinnati-quarterfinals |access-date=15 September 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Sabalenka enter de US Open she be in contention for de world no. 1 ranking.<ref>{{cite web |author=<!-- not stated --> |date=25 August 2026 |title=Sabalenka’s No. 1 ranking is on the line at the US Open. Here’s who can overtake her |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4566428/breaking-down-the-no-1-ranking-how-rybakina-gauff-and-pegula-can-overtake-sabalenka |access-date=15 September 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She ultimately reach de final wey she loose to Rybakina insyd three sets, ending ein bid for a three-peat. She sanso loose de no. 1 ranking to Rybakina, ending ein reign of 99 consecutive weeks atop de rankings, de sixth-longest streak of all time.<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=12 September 2026 |title=The new No. 1 has a new US Open trophy: Rybakina ends Sabalenka's reign |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4575707/rybakina-halts-sabalenkas-three-peat-bid-to-capture-first-us-open-title |access-date=15 September 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> == National representation == === Fed Cup === ==== Early appearances ==== Sabalenka represent Belarus at de Junior Fed Cup insyd 2014, wey de team fini insyd sixth place.<ref>{{Cite web |title=USA move into finals of Junior Davis Cup and Junior Fed Cup |url=https://sportswire4u.blogspot.com/2014/09/usa-move-into-finals-of-junior-davis.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618042308/http://sportswire4u.blogspot.com/2014/09/usa-move-into-finals-of-junior-davis.html |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=Sportswire}}</ref> She then make ein senior Fed Cup debut give Belarus insyd April 2016, losing a dead rubber doubles match against Russia. Nonetheless, de Belarusian team lead by [[Victoria Azarenka]] den [[Aliaksandra Sasnovich]] win de tie to qualify for de top-tier World Group de following season for de first time insyd dema history.<ref name="fed-cup-debut">{{Cite web |title=Belarus scale new heights after win in Moscow |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/227047.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102608/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/227047.aspx |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=6 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> ==== 2017: Surprise runner-up insyd World Group debut ==== De Belarus Fed Cup team make dema debut insyd de World Group wey dem ultimately reach de final, despite being de underdogs insyd all three ties.<ref name="2017-sf-preview">{{Cite web |date=22 April 2017 |title=Fed Cup Semifinals Preview: which teams will reach the final? |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Fed_Cup/42644/fed-cup-semifinals-preview-which-teams-will-reach-the-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102607/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Fed_Cup/42644/fed-cup-semifinals-preview-which-teams-will-reach-the-final/ |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref><ref name="2017-final-preview">{{Cite web |date=October 2017 |title=Fed Cup final Preview: Belarus v USA |url=https://lastwordontennis.com/2017/10/01/federation-cup-final-preview-belarus-v-usa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618065736/https://lastwordontennis.com/2017/10/01/federation-cup-final-preview-belarus-v-usa/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=Last Word on Tennis}}</ref> Na little be expected from de team secof na dem be widout dema veteran leader Azarenka, wey miss de first two ties on maternity leave den de last secof a custody battle.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Victoria Azarenka says custody dispute keeps her out of Fed Cup final |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/azarenka-says-custody-dispute-keeps-her-out-of-fed-cup-final/70357/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618065738/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/azarenka-says-custody-dispute-keeps-her-out-of-fed-cup-final/70357/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Widout am, na Belarus be led by Sabalenka den Sasnovich, neither of whom dem ever be ranked above No. 76 by de time of de final.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref><ref name="sasnovich-rankings">{{Cite web |title=Aliaksandra Sasnovich Rankings History |url=http://www.wtatennis.com/players/player/317790/title/Aliaksandra-SASNOVICH#ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506221242/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/player/317790/title/Aliaksandra-Sasnovich#ranking |archive-date=6 May 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> However, na dem get de advantage of playing all of dema ties at home insyd Minsk.<ref name="2017-sf-preview" /><ref name="2017-final-preview" /> De ties insyd de quarterfinals against de Netherlands insyd February den de semi-finals against Switzerland insyd April both play out insyd de same way. While Sabalenka loose ein opening matches to dema opponents dema respective top-ranked players of [[Kiki Bertens]] den [[Timea Bacsinszky]], na Sasnovich be able to give Belarus a 2–1 lead insyd each instance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=All square in Minsk as Sasnovich and Bertens triumph |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/253491.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102651/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/253491.aspx |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Sabalenka then clinch both ties, plus wins over [[Michaëlla Krajicek]] den No. 54 [[Viktorija Golubic]], respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Belarus completes surprise win over Netherlands in Fed Cup |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/02/belarus-completes-surprise-win-over-netherlands-in-fed-cup/64119/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618065735/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/02/belarus-completes-surprise-win-over-netherlands-in-fed-cup/64119/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka sends Belarus through to first Final |url=https://www.fedcup.com/258276?channel=fedcupnews |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907110313/https://www.fedcup.com/258276?channel=fedcupnews |archive-date=7 September 2018 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Na she only be ranked No. 125 at de time of de semifinal, plus no career tour match wins outsyd of Fed Cup.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Belarus stuns Switzerland to reach 1st Fed Cup final |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/tennis/2017/04/23/sasnovich-puts-belarus-on-verge-of-first-fed-cup-final/100812652/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814174258/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/tennis/2017/04/23/sasnovich-puts-belarus-on-verge-of-first-fed-cup-final/100812652/ |archive-date=14 August 2020 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=USA Today}}</ref> On de opening day of de final against de United States, Sabalenka upset de reigning US Open champion den world No. 13, [[Sloane Stephens]], to level de tie after Sasnovich loose ein first rubber to No. 10, [[CoCo Vandeweghe]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=CoCo Vandeweghe puts up three points to propel U.S. to Fed Cup glory |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/coco-vandeweghe-puts-three-points-help-us-win-fed-cup-title/70429/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807160102/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/coco-vandeweghe-puts-three-points-help-us-win-fed-cup-title/70429/ |archive-date=7 August 2020 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref name="fed-cup-quote">{{Cite news|last=Chiesa|first=Victoria|date=11 November 2017|title=Belarus, USA all square after first day in Fed Cup final|work=WTA Tennis|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/belarus-usa-all-square-after-first-day-fed-cup-final|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102645/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/belarus-usa-all-square-after-first-day-fed-cup-final|url-status=live}}</ref> De next day begin plus Sabalenka losing to Vandeweghe, before Sasnovich san level de tie by defeating Stephens. Na dem then select Sabalenka den Sasnovich for de decisive doubles rubber for de Fed Cup crown, buh na de duo be comprehensively defeated by Vandeweghe den [[Shelby Rogers]].<ref name="fed-cup-final">{{Cite news|last=Chiesa|first=Victoria|date=12 November 2017|title=USA claims 2017 Fed Cup after Belarus battle|work=WTA Tennis|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/usa-claims-2017-fed-cup-after-belarus-battle|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102609/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/usa-claims-2017-fed-cup-after-belarus-battle|url-status=live}}</ref> Despite finishing as runner-up, Belarus ein Fed Cup success help popularize women's tennis insyd Belarus, wey e vault Sabalenka den Sasnovich into international prominence. Sasnovich say, "''When we played the quarterfinals and semi-finals in Minsk, a lot of people were coming to see our matches. They finally saw tennis in life, and it's like a popularization... I want my country to improve even more in tennis, because I think we can have even more from Belarus''."<ref name="sasnovich-quote">{{Cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=31 August 2018 |title=Azarenka leads Belarusian trio into historic third round |url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/azarenka-leads-belarusian-trio-historic-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102609/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/azarenka-leads-belarusian-trio-historic-third-round |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> ==== 2018–19: Avoiding demotion, anoda semifinal ==== Belarus be unable to repeat dema 2017 Fed Cup success insyd 2018. Na dem hold dema quarterfinal tie insyd Minsk against Germany. Although Sabalenka win both of ein singles rubbers, Sasnovich den [[Vera Lapko]] loose each of dema own to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Na dem select Sabalenka den doubles specialist [[Lidziya Marozava]] for de match, wey Sabalenka play on short rest directly after ein last singles match. After taking de first set against [[Anna-Lena Grönefeld]] den [[Tatjana Maria]], dem ultimately loose de rubber den de tie.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Germany beats Belarus 3–2 to make Fed Cup final four |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/02/fed-cup-germany-upsets-belarus-3-2-in-minsk-to-make-semis/72035/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618070919/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/02/fed-cup-germany-upsets-belarus-3-2-in-minsk-to-make-semis/72035/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Na dema next tie san be contested insyd Minsk as part of de World Group play-offs, wey Slovakia compete to take Belarus ein place insyd de World Group de following season. Sabalenka den Sasnovich each split dema two singles rubbers, wey Sabalenka be upset by [[Viktória Kužmová]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kuzmova claws Slovakia back into contention in Minsk |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283681.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609005752/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283681.aspx |archive-date=9 June 2020 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Na dem choose doubles specialists Lapko den Marozava for de final rubber den de pair win de match to keep Belarus insyd de World Group for 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lapko and Marozava launch Belarus back into the World Group |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283695.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609005831/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283695.aspx |archive-date=9 June 2020 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Insyd de 2019 Fed Cup, na dem draw Belarus against Germany insyd de quarterfinals for de second consecutive year. After Sasnovich win de opening rubber against Maria, Sabalenka win both of ein singles rubbers against [[Andrea Petkovic]] den [[Laura Siegemund]] to clinch de tie.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka blasts Belarus to a semifinal spot |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/301763.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103082236/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/301763.aspx |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Dem advance to face Australia insyd de semi-finals. Only two players from each team participate: Sabalenka den Azarenka give Belarus, den Ashleigh Barty den [[Samantha Stosur]] for Australia. Both Sabalenka den Azarenka defeat Stosur, buh she loose to Barty. Insyd de decisive doubles rubber, Barty den Stosur win insyd three sets to eliminate Belarus.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2019 |title=Ashleigh Barty stars as Aussies clinch Fed Cup semi |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/26572380/ashleigh-barty-stars-aussies-clinch-fed-cup-semi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103082239/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/26572380/ashleigh-barty-stars-aussies-clinch-fed-cup-semi |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=ESPN}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Elena Rybakina === Sabalenka den [[Elena Rybakina]] play each oda 18 times since 2019, wey Sabalenka dey lead dema head-to-head 10–8 whereas Rybakina dey lead de finals 5–2.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head Compare Stats & Match History – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/324166 |access-date=8 November 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Both players be known for dema aggressive baseline play, wey dey result in fast-paced den intense matches. Na dem face off insyd three major finals plus de 2023 Australian Open<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka holds off Rybakina to win Australian Open, first Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328084008/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |archive-date=28 March 2023 |access-date=18 April 2026 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wey Sabalenka win, den de 2026 Australian Open<ref>{{cite web |date=31 January 2026 |title=Rybakina outlasts Sabalenka in three sets to capture first Australian Open title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4442160/rybakina-earns-place-among-games-elites-with-first-australian-open-second-major-title |accessdate=31 January 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> den US Open both wey Rybakina win. Dema oda notable encounters dey include de 2023 BNP Paribas Open finals,<ref>{{cite web |title=The making of a great Rybakina-Sabalenka rivalry |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3117793/were-pushing-each-other-the-making-of-a-great-rybakina-sabalenka-rivalry |access-date=22 March 2025}}</ref> 2024 Madrid Open semifinal,<ref>{{cite web |title=Rivalry Rewind: Sabalenka and Rybakina's battles through the years |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3991425/rivalry-rewind-sabalenka-and-rybakina-s-battles-through-the-years |access-date=22 March 2025}}</ref> 2025 WTA Finals finals,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Hashim|first=Taha|date=8 November 2025|title=WTA Finals tennis: Elena Rybakina rocks Aryna Sabalenka to claim title – live|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2025/nov/08/wta-finals-tennis-aryna-sabalenka-elena-rybakina-final|access-date=8 November 2025|work=the Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> de 2026 BNP Paribas Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Powers |first=Shad |title=Sabalenka outlasts Rybakina for first BNP Paribas Open title in Indian Wells |url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/sports/tennis/bnp/2026/03/15/sabalenka-outlasts-rybakina-for-first-bnp-paribas-open-title-in-indian-wells/89169075007/ |access-date=15 March 2026 |website=The Desert Sun |language=en-US}}</ref> den de 2026 US Open final.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Murrells|first1=Katy|title=Aryna Sabalenka v Elena Rybakina: US Open 2026 women's singles final – live|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2026/sep/12/aryna-sabalenka-v-elena-rybakina-us-open-2026-womens-singles-final-live|access-date=12 September 2026|work=The Guardian|date=12 September 2026}}</ref> === Iga Świątek === Sabalenka den [[Iga Świątek]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek in control of de head-to-head at 8–5.<ref name="iga h2h">{{Cite web |title=Head To Head |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as becoming one of de greatest insyd women's tennis.<ref name=":52">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health}}</ref> Dema most praised matches include de 2024 Madrid Open final, wer Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets insyd 3 hours den 11 minutes, saving three championship points insyd de process, den de 2023 Madrid Open final, wer Sabalenka win insyd three sets insyd 2 hours den 25 minutes against Świątek to claim ein second Madrid title.<ref name=":32">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref name=":42">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka breaks through Swiatek's defense to win second Madrid title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3324192/sabalenka-breaks-through-swiatek-s-defense-to-win-second-madrid-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204055602/https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3324192/sabalenka-breaks-through-swiatek-s-defense-to-win-second-madrid-title |archive-date=4 December 2024 |access-date=25 November 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Sabalenka den Świątek play each oda at de 2025 French Open, wich Sabalenka win insyd three sets.<ref name="WTARG">{{cite web |date=5 June 2024 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Sabalenka den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 13 times since 2020, wey Sabalenka dey edge de head-to-head at 7–6.<ref name="coco h2h">{{Cite web |title=Head To Head |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/320760 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007094647/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/320760 |archive-date=7 October 2024 |access-date=4 October 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Dem play each oda multiple times at majors, de first be de 2023 US Open final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2023 |title=Coco Gauff to face Aryna Sabalenka in the US Open final after gutsy win |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/08/sport/coco-gauff-reaches-us-open-final-spt-intl/index.html |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=CNN Sports}}</ref> Sabalenka loose dat match despite winning de first set.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Coco Gauff wins first Grand Slam title: 2023 US Open Day 13 in review |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2023-09-09/coco_gauff_wins_first_grand_slam_title_2023_us_open_day_13_in_review.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920153633/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2023-09-09/coco_gauff_wins_first_grand_slam_title_2023_us_open_day_13_in_review.html |archive-date=20 September 2023 |access-date=30 November 2024 |website=US Open}}</ref> Sabalenka defeat Gauff at de 2024 Australian Open semifinals on ein way to defending de title.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka v Gauff: Streaks collide in AO 2024 semifinals |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/sabalenka-v-gauff-streaks-collide-ao-2024-semifinals |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2024 |title=Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open by defending champion Aryna Sabalenka |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/25/sport/coco-gauff-aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-tennis-spt-intl/index.html#:~:text=Coco%20Gauff%20was%20defeated%20by,in%20the%20Australian%20Open%20semifinals.&text=Coco%20Gauff's%20pursuit%20of%20back,semifinals%20of%20the%20Australian%20Open. |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127120004/https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/25/sport/coco-gauff-aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-tennis-spt-intl/index.html#:~:text=Coco%20Gauff%20was%20defeated%20by,in%20the%20Australian%20Open%20semifinals.&text=Coco%20Gauff's%20pursuit%20of%20back,semifinals%20of%20the%20Australian%20Open. |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=30 November 2024 |website=CNN Sports}}</ref> Sabalenka den Gauff san face off insyd de final of de 2025 French Open, wey Gauff overtake Sabalenka for ein first French Open Major Championship win den second Grand Slam overall.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=A champion's heart: Gauff defeats Sabalenka to win French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4280339/a-champions-heart-gauff-defeats-sabalenka-to-win-french-open |accessdate=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka go avenge dat loss by knocking Gauff out of de 2025 WTA Finals wer na Gauff be de defending champion.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Aryna Sabalenka eliminates Coco Gauff from WTA Finals, joins Jessica Pegula in semifinals |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-eliminates-coco-gauff-from-wta-finals-joins-jessica-pegula-in-semifinals |access-date=6 November 2025 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go meet Gauff for de first time insyd 2026 insyd de Miami finals, wer Sabalenka battle thru Gauff insyd three sets to win Miami for de second time, as well as de Sunshine Double.<ref name="WTAMiami2026">{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=28 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka wins Miami title to become first to complete Sunshine Double since 2022 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4478182/sabalenka-wins-miami-title-to-become-first-to-complete-sunshine-double-since-2022 |access-date=29 March 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> === Jessica Pegula === Sabalenka develop a fairly storied rivalry plus [[Jessica Pegula]]. Dema consistency on hard courts lead to dem frequently facing each other insyd de latter stages of events. De two meet 14 times since 2020, wey Sabalenka dey control de head-to-head 10–4.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/316956 |access-date=20 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Pegula go win dema first meeting insyd de third round of de 2020 Western & Southern Open insyd three sets. Dem go face off at de 2024 US Open final insyd wich Sabalenka go win 7–5, 7–5 to earn ein first US Open title.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=A champion's heart: Gauff defeats Sabalenka to win French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4280339/a-champions-heart-gauff-defeats-sabalenka-to-win-french-open |accessdate=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> De two go get a rematch of dema US Open final insyd de 2025 US Open semifinals, wer Sabalenka go win a close three-set match 4–6, 6–3, 6–4 on ein way to defending ein US Open title.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=15 August 2025 |title=Cincinnati Open: Stormy Rybakina stuns Sabalenka, advances to semi-finals |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/cincinnati-open-stormy-rybakina-stuns-sabalenka-advances-to-semi-finals-833144.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Pegula go snap Sabalenka ein 20-match winning streak as well as ein 2025 tiebreak record insyd dema following match insyd Wuhan, before pulling out a three-set win 2–6, 6–4, 7–6(2).<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=19 March 2023 |title=Rybakina tops Sabalenka to win Indian Wells title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530204200/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |archive-date=30 May 2023 |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Dem face each oda once more insyd de Riyadh 2025 WTA Finals, wer Sabalenka defeat Pegula insyd three sets. De pair dema first meeting on grass cam at de 2026 Berlin Tennis Open, wich Pegula win insyd three sets, bageling Sabalenka insyd de final set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2026 |title=Pegula advances to Berlin final with fourth career win over Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4522854/pegula-nears-second-berlin-crown-after-fourth-win-over-sabalenka-sends-her-into-final |access-date=20 June 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Jasmine Paolini === Sabalenka develop a recurring rivalry plus [[Jasmine Paolini]], wich she dey lead 6–2. Na de pair first meet at de 2017 Ilkley Trophy, wer Paolini defeat Sabalenka insyd three sets. Paolini later earn anoda notable win at de 2022 Indian Wells Open, defeating Sabalenka 2–6, 6–3, 6–3.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka vs Paolini H2H stats |url=https://tennis-minute.fr/matchs/722445 |access-date=25 April 2026 |website=Tennis Minute |language=fr}}</ref> Sabalenka otherwise control de matchup, winning dema later meetings at events wey dey include Beijing, de Miami Open, de Stuttgart Open, den de WTA Finals. Dema matches contrast Sabalenka ein power-based baseline game plus Paolini ein speed, court coverage, den ability to extend rallies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/319280 |access-date=25 April 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Amanda Anisimova === Sabalenka sanso develop a rivalry plus [[Amanda Anisimova]]. De pair play 11 times wey Sabalenka dey trail 5–6. Na dem meet six times insyd Grand Slams wey dey include 3 consecutive major contests insyd 2025 wer dem be tied 3–3. Anisimova defeat Sabalenka en route to ein first major semifinal at 2019 French Open<ref name="WTAAnisimova">{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title='It's super special ' – Anisimova shocks Sabalenka again, makes French Open third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-super-special-anisimova-shocks-sabalenka-again-makes-french-open-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102608/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-super-special-anisimova-shocks-sabalenka-again-makes-french-open-third-round |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=25 April 2026 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den also insyd de semifinal of 2025 Wimbledon<ref>{{cite web |title=Anisimova's moment: Beats Sabalenka to make first Wimbledon final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307894/anisimovas-moment-beats-sabalenka-to-make-first-slam-final-at-wimbledon |accessdate=25 April 2026 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> to reach ein first major final. Dem meet insyd de final of 2025 US Open wer na Sabalenka win 6–3, 7–6^(7–3) to win ein fourth major.<ref name="CBSUSOpen2025">{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Amanda Anisimova, winning 2nd straight U.S. Open final |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-open-women-final-winner-aryna-sabalenka-amanda-anisimova/ |access-date=25 April 2026 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> Insyd 2025, dem san meet insyd de semifinal to WTA Finals wey Sabalenka win.<ref name="OlympicsWTA2025">{{cite web |title=WTA Finals 2025: Aryna Sabalenka outlasts Amanda Anisimova to reach championship match |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/wta-finals-2025-aryna-sabalenka-reaches-final |access-date=25 April 2026}}</ref> == Playing style == [[File:Sydney_International_Tennis_WTA_Premier_(46000969795)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Sabalenka dey serve at de 2019 Sydney International]] Sabalenka be an aggressive baseliner wey ein game be characterised by a powerful serve den equally powerful groundstrokes. Ein game be based around taking control of points, plus a knack for turning defensive positions into offensive opportunities. Secof ein aggression, she usually dey hit a high number of both winners den unforced errors off ein groundstrokes, wich be hit plus relentless pace den depth.<ref name="style-against-pliskova2">{{Cite web |date=28 June 2018 |title=WTA Eastbourne: Aryna Sabalenka shocks Karolina Pliskova |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/57063/wta-eastbourne-aryna-sabalenka-shocks-karolina-pliskova/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102607/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/57063/wta-eastbourne-aryna-sabalenka-shocks-karolina-pliskova/ |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, she struck ein forehand at an average speed of 129&nbsp;km/h (80&nbsp;mph).<ref name="TennisBiomech">{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=The secret to an 80-mph forehand? Aryna Sabalenka talks technique, biomechanics in Wuhan |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/the-secret-to-an-80-mph-forehand-aryna-sabalenka-talks-technique-biomechanics-in-wuhan |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka ein big serve be central to ein game: insyd 2024 she win 62.7% of points on ein serve, ranking fifth among de players on tour, wey she win 78.5% of ein service games.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Stats {{!}} Latest Player & Match Statistics – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/stats/2024 |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Sabalenka ein improved consistency on serve be de key wich allow am to ascend to de top of de WTA rankings. Insyd de past, she struggle plus an inconsistent serve, leading to a high double fault count; she serve 166 double faults insyd 2020, de most of any player.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stats Hub 2020 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/stats/2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401022614/https://www.wtatennis.com/stats/2020 |archive-date=1 April 2020 |access-date=28 February 2021 |website=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She notably suffer from de yips from de 2021 WTA Finals den into 2022, serving 152 double faults insyd 11 matches, an average of 14 double faults a match.<ref name="Kane2022">{{Cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=18 January 2022 |title=Aryna Sabalenka's first serve: No. 2 seed conquers yips to survive Sanders, begin Australian Open campaign |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612105016/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |archive-date=12 June 2022 |access-date=28 July 2026 |website=[[Tennis (magazine)|Tennis]]}}</ref> Following de 2022 Canadian Open, she hire biomechanics expert Gavin Macmillan to revamp ein serve.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top 5 WTA Players of 2022: Sabalenka, Gauff and Rybakina earn honorable mentions |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-5-wta-players-of-2022-sabalenka-gauff-and-rybakina-earn-honorable-mentions |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka serve a total of 440 double faults insyd 2022, buh na ein serve quickly see improvements insyd 2023 under Macmillan ein guidance, wey e since cam be a reliable weapon.<ref name="TennisBiomech">{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=The secret to an 80-mph forehand? Aryna Sabalenka talks technique, biomechanics in Wuhan |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/the-secret-to-an-80-mph-forehand-aryna-sabalenka-talks-technique-biomechanics-in-wuhan |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> As Sabalenka ein game mature, she sanso develop better shot selection den more variety. Wen she first arrive on tour, na she sometimes be described as a player wey hit everything as hard as she fi. Insyd de summer of 2018, ein coach Dmitry Tursunov say na ein game already dey evolve, den, "''The major thing is she stopped trying [to] hit a winner with every shot''."<ref name="shot-selection2">{{Cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka's coach Tursunov speaks about her recent success |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/09/aryna-sabalenkas-coach-tursunov-speaks-about-her-recent-success/76653/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190908132554/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/09/aryna-sabalenkas-coach-tursunov-speaks-about-her-recent-success/76653/ |archive-date=8 September 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Sabalenka cam be increasingly willing to experiment plus variety on ein groundstrokes, den plus finishing more points at de net.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=8 September 2024|title=How Aryna Sabalenka owned her weaknesses to emerge as world's best|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/sep/08/how-aryna-sabalenka-owned-her-weaknesses-to-emerge-as-worlds-best|access-date=14 March 2026|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> During de 2024 clay season, she begin to incorporate more drop shots into ein game, wich pair well plus ein power from de baseline.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 November 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka, Drop Shot Queen – Heavy Topspin |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2024/11/04/aryna-sabalenka-drop-shot-queen/ |access-date=14 March 2026 |language=en-US}}</ref> Sabalenka primarily be known for ein success on hardcourt. Nineteen of ein twenty-two singles titles, wey dey include all four of ein major titles, she win on hardcourt, wich suit ein game secof ein consistent bounce den fast-paced play. However, she sanso be recognised as a consistent contender insyd de late stages of grass den clay court tournaments. She be particularly successful on faster clay courts, such as de Madrid Open, wer she win de title insyd 2021, 2023, den 2025.<ref name="WTAMadrid2021">{{Cite web |date=8 May 2021 |title=Sabalenka captures Madrid title in thriller over Barty |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326233615/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She sanso reach ein first major final on clay at de French Open insyd 2025. Sabalenka cam be increasingly notable for ein ability to win tiebreaks. Insyd 2025, she set an Open Era record for most tiebreaks wey a woman win insyd a single season, winning 22 out of 25 she play.<ref name="WTAIW2026">{{Cite web |date=12 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka tops Mboko for second time in 2026 to make Indian Wells semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4467765/sabalenka-tops-mboko-for-second-time-in-2026-to-make-indian-wells-semis |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dis include a streak of nineteen consecutive tiebreaks she win between February den October.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka, Goddess of the Tiebreak? – Heavy Topspin |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/09/10/aryna-sabalenka-goddess-of-the-tiebreak/ |access-date=14 March 2026 |language=en-US}}</ref> Insyd 2026, Sabalenka win ein twentieth consecutive tiebreak.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2026 |title=Australian Open 2026 results: Aryna Sabalenka to face Iva Jovic in quarter-finals |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce8gn94jq3jo |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> While Sabalenka be known for ein clutch factor insyd tiebreaks, she sanso loose a large number of closely-contested prominent matches, such as de 2025 French Open final den 2026 Australian Open final, wey she dey hold a 22–20 (52%) record insyd singles finals overall. Sabalenka frequently dey accompany ein shots plus loud grunting. She say, "''Honestly, I don't even hear myself when I am playing.''" She express ein hope say ein grunting no dey disturb ein opponents.<ref name="tennis-idols">{{Cite web |date=21 February 2018 |title=Aryna Sabalenka: 'I don't even hear myself when I am playing' |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/52138/aryna-sabalenka-i-don-t-even-hear-myself-when-i-am-playing-/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910014640/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/52138/aryna-sabalenka-i-don-t-even-hear-myself-when-i-am-playing-/ |archive-date=10 September 2018 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> At de Australian Open insyd 2018, de crowd mock ein habit insyd a match against Ashleigh Barty.<ref name="grunting">{{Cite news|last=Maasdorp|first=James|date=17 January 2018|title=Australian Open: Aryna Sabalenka's screams see crowd mock her grunts as Ashleigh Barty advances|work=ABC News|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-01-17/aus-open-spectators-rebel-against-screeching-sabalenka/9335120|access-date=19 January 2018|archive-date=26 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526123025/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-01-17/aus-open-spectators-rebel-against-screeching-sabalenka/9335120|url-status=live}}</ref> She be an expressive personality on court. == Coaches == Sabalenka work plus Khalil Ibrahimov for two years up til early 2018. At dis point, she begin dey work plus Swedish former professional tennis players [[Magnus Norman]] den [[Magnus Tideman]].<ref name="start-norman">{{Cite web |date=27 January 2018 |title=Aryna Sabalenka working with former Wawrinka's coach Magnus Norman |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/51386/aryna-sabalenka-working-with-former-wawrinka-s-coach-magnus-norman/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102608/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/51386/aryna-sabalenka-working-with-former-wawrinka-s-coach-magnus-norman/ |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref><ref name="tideman">{{Cite web |title=Interview: Aryna Sabalenka, Round 3 |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/interviews/2018-09-01/2018-09-02_interview_aryna_sabalenka_round_3.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102607/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/interviews/2018-09-01/2018-09-02_interview_aryna_sabalenka_round_3.html |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=US Open}}</ref> [[Dmitry Tursunov]] cam be ein primary coach in time for de grass court season insyd 2018.<ref name="start-tursunov">{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka prepares for déjà vu clash with Wozniacki in Montréal |url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/sabalenka-prepares-d%C3%A9j%C3%A0-vu-clash-wozniacki-montr%C3%A9al |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102648/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/sabalenka-prepares-d%C3%A9j%C3%A0-vu-clash-wozniacki-montr%C3%A9al |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka briefly split plus Tursunov after de 2019 US Open. Although na dem reunite later insyd de year, she make de split permanent at de end of de season. Sabalenka briefly work plus [[Dieter Kindlmann]] before switching coaches to ein longtime hitting partner den compatriot [[Anton Dubrov]], aged 25 at de time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Di Lorito |first=Paolo |date=22 September 2020 |title=È già finita la collaborazione tra Sabalenka e Kindlmann |trans-title=The collaboration between Sabalenka and Kindlmann has already ended |url=https://www.ubitennis.com/blog/2020/09/22/e-gia-finita-la-collaborazione-tra-sabalenka-e-kindlmann/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116184445/https://www.ubitennis.com/blog/2020/09/22/e-gia-finita-la-collaborazione-tra-sabalenka-e-kindlmann/ |archive-date=16 November 2020 |access-date=27 October 2020 |website=Ubi Tennis |language=it}}</ref><ref name="A24">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5500511/2024/05/24/aryna-sabalenka-team-coach/|title=Aryna Sabalenka's team: Serve mechanics, TikTok dances, and a phonecall|last=Futterman|first=Matthew|website=[[The Athletic]]|date=24 May 2024|access-date=24 May 2024|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Insys August 2022, Sabalenka hire biomechanics specialist Gavin MacMillan to improve on ein serve.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bodo|first1=Peter|title=How exactly did Aryna Sabalenka figure out her serve?|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-figure-out-her-serve-australian-open-2023-champion|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=30 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=The secret to an 80-mph forehand? Aryna Sabalenka talks technique, biomechanics in Wuhan|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/the-secret-to-an-80-mph-forehand-aryna-sabalenka-talks-technique-biomechanics-in-wuhan|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=11 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Trollope|first1=Matt|title=The story of when Aryna Sabalenka slayed her serving demons|url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/story-when-aryna-sabalenka-slayed-her-serving-demons|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Australian Open|date=10 December 2025}}</ref> Insyd 2025, Belarusian former professional tennis player den 10-time major doubles champion [[Max Mirnyi]] join Sabalenka ein coaching team as a consultant.<ref>{{cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=7 August 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka adds Max Mirnyi to coaching team for Cincinnati and U.S. Opens |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6540862/2025/08/07/tennis-aryna-sabalenka-coach-max-mirnyi/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> jxdx2rd3dnaf4bmoy6roqd7zskkhtc1 112293 112292 2026-09-24T14:37:16Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "Sponsorships" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375886951|Aryna Sabalenka]]" 112293 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aryna Siarhiejeŭna Sabalenka''' (born 5 May 1998) be a Belarusian professional tennis player. Na she be ranked de world No. 1 insyd women's singles by de Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for a total of 107 weeks (tenth-most of all time), wey she fini as de year-end No. 1 twice (2024, 2025). Sabalenka win 24 career singles titles, wey dey include two titles at de Australian Open den two at de US Open, as well as eleven WTA 1000 events. She sanso be a former world No. 1 insyd women's doubles wey na she win six doubles titles, wey dey include de 2019 US Open den 2021 Australian Open, both plus [[Elise Mertens]]. Sabalenka cam to prominence insyd 2017 wen she den [[Aliaksandra Sasnovich]] lead de Belarus Fed Cup team to a runner-up finish despite dem both be ranked outsyd de top 75 at de time. She fini 2018 den 2019 ranked world No. 11 insyd singles. Following two major singles semifinal appearances insyd 2021, Sabalenka rise to world No. 2 buh she struggle to maintain dat success insyd 2022 consistently. Insyd 2023, she win ein first major singles title at de Australian Open, she fini runner-up at de US Open, wey she obtain de world No. 1 ranking for de first time. Insyd 2024, Sabalenka defend ein Australian Open title wey she win a third major singles title at de US Open, finishing as de year-end No. 1 for de first time. Insyd 2025, she defend ein title at de US Open wey na she be runner-up at de Australian den French Opens, holding de No. 1 position for de entire season. Insyd 2026, she reach two major singles finals (Australian Open den US Open) wey she plete de Sunshine Double (winning Indian Wells den Miami back-to-back). Also insyd 2026, Sabalenka win de Laureus World Sports Award for Sportswoman of de Year. Sabalenka begin dey play doubles regularly insyd 2019. Plus Mertens as ein partner, she find instant success by winning de Sunshine Double (Indian Wells den Miami) dat same year. Na dem win de US Open later insyd de season, wey Sabalenka qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time. After she den Mertens win dema second major title at de Australian Open insyd 2021, Sabalenka cam be de doubles world No. 1, after wich she shift to playing exclusively singles. == Early life den background == Na dem born Sabalenka insyd Minsk, de capital of Belarus. Na ein poppie, Sergey (he die 2019), be an ice hockey player. Sabalenka start dey play tennis by chance. She say, "''One day, my dad was just driving me somewhere in the car, and he saw tennis courts on the way. So he took me to the courts. I liked it and enjoyed it, and that's how it was. That's how it started''." She begin dey train at de National Tennis Academy insyd Minsk wen dem open am insyd 2014.<ref name="first-post">{{Cite web |date=27 November 2017 |title=Meet Aryna Sabalenka, the 19-year-old rising star from Belarus, who won her first WTA title at Mumbai Open |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/meet-aryna-sabalenka-the-19-year-old-rising-star-from-belarus-who-won-her-first-wta-title-at-mumbai-open-4229395.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123180953/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/meet-aryna-sabalenka-the-19-year-old-rising-star-from-belarus-who-won-her-first-wta-title-at-mumbai-open-4229395.html |archive-date=23 November 2020 |access-date=5 September 2018 |website=First Post}}</ref><ref name="tut-2017">{{Cite web |last=Михалевич |first=Юрий |title="Может, мне удастся стать кем-то вроде Серены", или Что мы знаем про теннисистку Арину Соболенко |url=https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/541113.html?crnd=5515 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126020709/https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/541113.html?crnd=5515 |archive-date=26 November 2020 |access-date=5 September 2018 |website=Tut.by |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2014 |title=Belarus Tennis Academy opens in Minsk |url=https://eng.belta.by/sport/view/belarus-tennis-academy-opens-in-minsk-7626-2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106153322/https://eng.belta.by/sport/view/belarus-tennis-academy-opens-in-minsk-7626-2014 |archive-date=6 January 2019 |access-date=6 January 2019 |website=Belta.by}}</ref> Insyd 2015, de Belarusian Tennis Federation persuade Sabalenka den ein team to focus on playing low-level professional events instead of junior tournaments, even though na she still be eligible to compete at de junior level.<ref name="tut-2016">{{Cite web |title=Шакутин рассказал о соперничестве двух главных надежд белорусского женского тенниса |url=https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/492733.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417201150/https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/492733.html |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=5 September 2018 |website=Tut.by |language=ru}}</ref> == Career == === 2017: WTA 125 title, top 100 === Sabalenka start de year ranked No. 73 insyd doubles.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref> She begin dey partner plus Elise Mertens insyd January, wen de pair loose to top seeds [[Barbora Krejčíková]] den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd de third round of de Australian Open. Na dem get dema breakthru insyd March at de two Premier Mandatory tournaments. Insyd only dema second tournament togeda, Sabalenka den Mertens win de Indian Wells Open. Dem defeat three of de top five seeds insyd de event, wey dey include second seeds [[Tímea Babos]] den [[Kristina Mladenovic]] insyd de first round den top seeds Krejčíková den Siniaková insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Elise Mertens and Aryna Sabalenka Capture 2019 BNP Paribas Open Doubles Title|work=BNP Paribas Open|url=https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/elise-mertens-and-aryna-sabalenka-capture-2019-bnp-paribas-open-doubles-title/|access-date=20 March 2019|archive-date=29 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029202737/https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/elise-mertens-and-aryna-sabalenka-capture-2019-bnp-paribas-open-doubles-title/|url-status=live}}</ref> De pair match dis success at dena next event by winning de Miami Open to plete de Sunshine Double. Dem defeat three of de top six seeds, wey dey include third seeds [[Hsieh Su-wei]] den [[Barbora Strýcová]] insyd de second round. Dem win de final against sixth seeds Samantha Stosur den Zhang Shuai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Juzwiak |first=Jason |date=31 March 2019 |title=Mertens & Sabalenka win 10th straight match to claim Miami title and Sunshine Double |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-win-10th-straight-match-claim-miami-title-and-sunshine-double |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102609/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-win-10th-straight-match-claim-miami-title-and-sunshine-double |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=30 May 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, Sabalenka rise to No. 21 insyd de world.<ref name="SabWtaRnk" /> Sabalenka den Mertens continue to partner togeda thru out de year, entering eleven events before de year-end championships. Na Sabalenka no get much success insyd de Grand Slam singles events, buh she produce much better results insyd doubles. Sabalenka den Mertens reach de semifinals at de French Open, losing to second seeds Babos den Mladenovic.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mladenovic seals doubles No.1, place in French Open final with Babos |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mladenovic-seals-doubles-no1-place-french-open-final-babos |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607164132/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mladenovic-seals-doubles-no1-place-french-open-final-babos |archive-date=7 June 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Dem then reach de quarterfinals at Wimbledon, losing to third seeds Hsieh den Strýcová.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2019 |title=Hsieh, Strycova finesse tames Mertens, Sabalenka firepower to reach Wimbledon SFs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hsieh-strycova-finesse-tames-mertens-sabalenka-firepower-reach-wimbledon-sfs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103080846/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hsieh-strycova-finesse-tames-mertens-sabalenka-firepower-reach-wimbledon-sfs |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na dese be Sabalenka ein first two appearances insyd at least de quarterfinals at a Grand Slam event. Sabalenka den Mertens get dema best result of de year at de US Open. As de fourth seed at de event, dem make am to de final widout playing anoda top-ten-seeded team. Insyd fe final, dem face eighth seeds Victoria Azarenka den Ashleigh Barty, de latter of whom win de title a year earlier plus CoCo Vandeweghe. Sabalenka den Mertens defeat Azarenka den Barty insyd straight sets for dema first Grand Slam title insyd any discipline.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Juzwiak |first1=Jason |date=8 September 2019 |title=Mertens, Sabalenka capture first Grand Slam title in women's doubles at US Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-capture-first-grand-slam-title-womens-doubles-us-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925124801/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-capture-first-grand-slam-title-womens-doubles-us-open |archive-date=25 September 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis title, Sabalenka make ein top 10 debut insyd doubles at No. 6 insyd de world.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref> Sabalenka den Mertens make one more final during de year, finishing runner-up at de Wuhan Open, wer Sabalenka win de singles title.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Chiesa |first1=Victoria |date=28 September 2019 |title=Kudermetova and Duan win Wuhan in team debut: 'It's an unbelievable week' |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/kudermetova-and-duan-win-wuhan-team-debut-its-unbelievable-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191003111214/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/kudermetova-and-duan-win-wuhan-team-debut-its-unbelievable-week |archive-date=3 October 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Dema three big titles help dem win de Race to Shenzhen den qualify for de WTA Finals as de top seeds. Before de event, Sabalenka den Mertens move up to No. 2 den No. 3 insyd de rankings, respectively, behind only world No. 1, Barbora Strýcová.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, na de pair be placed insyd a round robin group plus third seeds Babos den Mladenovic, fifth seeds [[Chan Hao-ching]] den [[Latisha Chan]], as well as eighth seeds [[Anna-Lena Grönefeld]] den [[Demi Schuurs]]. Insyd dema opening match, na dem be upset by Grönefeld den Schuurs insyd a match tiebreak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Groenefeld, Schuurs make up for lost time at WTA Finals: 'It's something we can be proud of' |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/groenefeld-schuurs-make-lost-time-wta-finals-%E2%80%98it%E2%80%99s-something-we-can-be-proud-%E2%80%99 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103080844/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/groenefeld-schuurs-make-lost-time-wta-finals-%E2%80%98it%E2%80%99s-something-we-can-be-proud-%E2%80%99 |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After defeating de Chan sisters, Sabalenka den Mertens loose to Babos den Mladenovic insyd anoda match tiebreak. Na dem no advance out of dema group.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Juzwiak |first1=Jason |date=30 October 2019 |title=Babos-Mladenovic move into semifinals as WTA Finals doubles draw takes shape |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/babos-mladenovic-move-semifinals-wta-finals-doubles-draw-takes-shape |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103080842/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/babos-mladenovic-move-semifinals-wta-finals-doubles-draw-takes-shape |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: Premier 5 title === Sabalenka start de season at de Shenzhen Open. She defeat qualifier [[Margarita Betova|Margarita Gasparyan]]<ref>{{cite news|title='Step by step and I'll see what happens' - Defending champ Sabalenka sizzles in Shenzhen return|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1562336/step-by-step-and-ill-see-what-happens-defending-champ-sabalenka-sizzles-in-shenzhen-return|access-date=14 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=6 January 2020}}</ref> before losing to [[Kristýna Plíšková]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Kristyna Pliskova dethrones Sabalenka to reach Shenzhen QF|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1562885/kristyna-pliskova-dethrones-sabalenka-to-reach-shenzhen-qf|access-date=14 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=7 January 2020}}</ref> At de Adelaide International, Sabalenka upset No. 4 Simona Halep to reach de semifinals,<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2020 |title=Sabalenka shocks Halep in Adelaide upset |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1572902/sabalenka-shocks-halep-in-adelaide-upset |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112214223/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1572902/sabalenka-shocks-halep-in-adelaide-upset |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer she loose to Dayana Yastremska insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Yastremska stops Sabalenka for first Premier final in Adelaide|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1573603/yastremska-stops-sabalenka-for-first-premier-final-in-adelaide#:~:text=%2C%206%2D4%2C%207%2D,her%20post%2Dmatch%20press%20conference.|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=17 January 2020}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de first round to Carla Suárez Navarro.<ref>{{cite news|title=Unseeded & Unfazed, Melbourne Day 3: Suarez Navarro, Goerges impress|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/unseeded-unfazed-melbourne-day-3-suarez-navarro-goerges-impress|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=22 January 2020}}</ref> She enjoy moderate success insyd doubles, reaching de quarterfinals plus Elise Mertens before losing to de Chan sisters. At de Dubai Championships, Sabalenka defeat Maria Sakkari den Elise Mertens to reach de quarterfinals, wer she loose to No. 2 Simona Halep insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Halep surges past Sabalenka, into Dubai semifinals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1616721/halep-surges-past-sabalenka-into-dubai-semifinals#:~:text=To%20earn%20her%20third%20victory,semifinal%20in%20Dubai%20since%202015.|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=20 February 2020}}</ref> At de Qatar Open, Sabalenka defeat Anett Kontaveit, No. 20 Maria Sakkari, Zheng Saisai<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka swirls past Zheng in gusty Doha quarterfinal|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1626804/sabalenka-swirls-past-zheng-in-gusty-doha-quarterfinal|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=27 February 2020}}</ref> den Svetlana Kuznetsova<ref>{{cite news|title=Confident Sabalenka moves into Doha final by dispatching Kuznetsova|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1628078/confident-sabalenka-moves-into-doha-final-by-dispatching-kuznetsova|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=28 February 2020}}</ref> to reach de final. Insyd de final, she defeat No. 11 Petra Kvitová insyd straight sets to win ein third Premier 5 title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka surges past Kvitova to sixth title in Doha|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1630232/sabalenka-surges-past-kvitova-to-sixth-title-in-doha|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=29 February 2020}}</ref> After de COVID-19 pandemic shut down de WTA Tour, Sabalenka enter de Top Seed Open insyd August. She defeat [[Madison Brengle]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka advances in Lexington as WTA Tour returns to US|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/sports/sabalenka-advances-in-lexington-as-wta-tour-returns-to-us-idUSKCN25703W/|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=11 August 2020}}</ref> before falling to [[Coco Gauff]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Gauff surges to Sabalenka upset in Lexington|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1752475/gauff-surges-to-sabalenka-upset-in-lexington|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=12 August 2020}}</ref> Insyd Cincinnati, she defeat qualifier [[CiCi Bellis]] before losing to qualifier [[Jessica Pegula]]. At de US Open, she defeat [[Océane Dodin]] before losing to Victoria Azarenka.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka books Azarenka clash in US Open second round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1802710/sabalenka-books-azarenka-clash-in-us-open-second-round|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 September 2020}}</ref> Na she get moderate success insyd doubles, reaching de quarterfinals of both events. Ein results begin to improve on clay. At de Internationaux de Strasbourg, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Ellen Perez]], [[Anna Blinkova]], den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] to reach de semifinals, wer she loose to No. 5 Elina Svitolina insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2020 |title=Svitolina surges to Strasbourg semifinal win over Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1841593/svitolina-surges-to-strasbourg-semifinal-win-over-sabalenka |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112044728/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1841593/svitolina-surges-to-strasbourg-semifinal-win-over-sabalenka |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, she defeat Jessica Pegula den [[Daria Kasatkina]] before losing to [[Ons Jabeur]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 October 2020 |title=Jabeur slips past Sabalenka at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1851447/jabeur-slips-past-sabalenka-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112130149/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1851447/jabeur-slips-past-sabalenka-at-french-open |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Sabalenka enter two indoor hard-court events at de end of 2020. At de Ostrava Open, she cam from a set down to defeat qualifiers Coco Gauff den [[Sara Sorribes Tormo]]. She defeat [[Jennifer Brady]]<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dimon|first1=Ricky|title=Ostrava WTA recap: Sabalenka’s roller-coaster ride to the title|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/ostrava-wta-recap-sabalenka-roller-coaster-title-300507.html|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=25 October 2020}}</ref> den No. 14 Victoria Azarenka insyd straight sets to win ein second title of de season. <ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka cruises past Victoria Azarenka to win Ostrava Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30188688/aryna-sabalenka-cruises-victoria-azarenka-win-ostrava-open|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=25 October 2020}}</ref> At de same tournament, she sanso win de doubles event plus Elise Mertens, defeating [[Gabriela Dabrowski]] den [[Luisa Stefani]] insyd de final. At de Linz Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Jasmine Paolini]] den qualifiers Stefanie Vögele den Océane Dodin to reach de semifinals. She defeat [[Barbora Krejčíková]] to reach de final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka survives tussle against Krejcikova to secure Top 10 finish|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-survives-tussle-against-krejcikova-to-secure-top-10-finish|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=14 November 2020}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat No. 21 Elise Mertens insyd straight sets to capture ein third title of de season.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka defeats Mertens in Linz to capture third 2020 title|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-defeats-mertens-in-linz-to-capture-third-2020-title|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=15 November 2020}}</ref> For de first time, she fini de year at de top 10.<ref>{{cite news|title=WTA releases 2020 Year-End Rankings|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1898097/wta-releases-2020-year-end-rankings|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=16 November 2020}}</ref> === 2021: Major semifinals, singles No. 2, doubles No. 1 === [[File:Sabalenka_RG21_(30)_(51375296612).jpg|left|thumb|Sabalenka at de 2021 French Open]] Sabalenka enter ein first tournament insyd 2021 at de Abu Dhabi Open. She defeat Polona Hercog, Ajla Tomljanović, den Ons Jabeur,<ref>{{Cite news|date=10 January 2021|title=Sabalenka reaches Abu Dhabi quarterfinals with revenge win over Jabeur|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-reaches-abu-dhabi-quarterfinals-with-revenge-win-over-jabeur|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat No. 19 Elena Rybakina insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat No. 22 Maria Sakkari<ref>{{Cite news|last=Berkok|first=John|date=12 January 2021|title=Ruthless Sabalenka wins 14th match in a row, reaches Abu Dhabi final|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ruthless-sabalenka-wins-14th-match-in-a-row-reaches-abu-dhabi-final|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> den [[Veronika Kudermetova]] insyd straight sets to win ein third straight WTA title, wey dey extend ein winning streak to 15 matches deb catapulting am to a new ranking of No. 7.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Superb Sabalenka storms to third straight title in Abu Dhabi |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1972336/superb-sabalenka-storms-to-third-straight-title-in-abu-dhabi |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Viktória Hrunčáková]], Daria Kasatkina, den [[Ann Li (tennis)|Ann Li]] to reach de fourth round, wer she loose to No. 11 [[Serena Williams]] insyd three sets. Nonetheless, at de same tournament, Sabalenka win ein second major doubles title plus Elise Mertens, defeating Barbora Krejčíková den Kateřina Siniaková insyd de final.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Imhoff|first1=Dan|title=Sabalenka/Mertens storm to women’s doubles crown|url=https://ausopen.com/articles/match-report/sabalenkamertens-storm-womens-doubles-crown|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Australian Open|date=19 February 2021}}</ref> By winning de title, she ascend to world No. 1 insyd de doubles rankings for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka captures WTA World No.1 doubles ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2039721/sabalenka-captures-wta-world-no-1-doubles-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210223224358/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2039721/sabalenka-captures-wta-world-no-1-doubles-ranking |archive-date=23 February 2021 |access-date=5 February 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> As de defending champion at de Qatar Open, Sabalenka loose ein opening match to Garbiñe Muguruza.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2022 |title=Garbiñe Muguruza edges Aryna Sabalenka in Doha epic |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/garbine-muguruza-edges-aryna-sabalenka-in-doha-epic |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210222034/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/garbine-muguruza-edges-aryna-sabalenka-in-doha-epic |archive-date=10 February 2022 |access-date=10 February 2022 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Dubai Championships, Sabalenka defeat [[Alizé Cornet]] den No. 24 Anett Kontaveit to reach de quarterfinals, wer she san loose to No. 16 Garbiñe Muguruza insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2022 |title=Muguruza repeats in Sabalenka thriller, Mertens awaits in Dubai |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/muguruza-repeats-in-sabalenka-thriller-mertens-awaits-in-dubai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210222537/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/muguruza-repeats-in-sabalenka-thriller-mertens-awaits-in-dubai |archive-date=10 February 2022 |access-date=10 February 2022 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Miami Open, Sabalenka cam from a set down to defeat qualifier [[Tsvetana Pironkova]] insyd ein opening match. She defeat Veronika Kudermetova den No. 20 Markéta Vondroušová insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to world No. 1 Ashleigh Barty insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ash Barty reaches Miami Open semifinals with three-set win over Aryna Sabalenka|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/31167448/ash-barty-reaches-miami-open-semifinals-three-set-win-aryna-sabalenka|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=30 March 2021}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein clay season at de Stuttgart Open. She defeat Zhang Shuai den qualifier [[Anna-Lena Friedsam]], widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Anett Kontaveit insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She upset No. 3 Simona Halep insyd straight sets to reach de final. Insyd de final, she san loose to world No. 1 Ashleigh Barty insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Stuttgart Open: World number one Ashleigh Barty beats Aryna Sabalenka in final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/56877716|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=25 April 2021}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Vera Zvonareva, Daria Kasatkina, den Jessica Pegula, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Swing free and prosper: Sabalenka powers past Pegula in Madrid|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/swing-free-and-prosper-sabalenka-powers-past-pegula-in-madrid|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=4 May 2021}}</ref> She reach de semifinals as No. 16 Elise Mertens retired while trailing by a set.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Tignor|first1=Steve|title=Aryna Sabalenka builds steam through clay-court surge in Madrid|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-builds-steam-through-clay-court-surge-in-madrid|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=5 May 2021}}</ref> She defeat [[Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova]] insyd straight sets to reach ein second consecutive final on clay.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Sabalenka storms into second consecutive clay-court final in Madrid|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-storms-into-second-consecutive-clay-court-final-in-madrid|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=6 May 2021}}</ref> Insyd de final, she upset world No. 1 Ashleigh Barty insyd three sets to win ein tenth WTA title den first on clay.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats top-ranked Ashleigh Barty to win Madrid Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/31411768/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-top-ranked-ashleigh-barty-win-madrid-open|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=8 May 2021}}</ref> As a result, ein ranking move go world No. 4.<ref name="WTAMadrid2021">{{Cite web |date=8 May 2021 |title=Sabalenka captures Madrid title in thriller over Barty |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326233615/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> At de Italian Open, Sabalenka defeat Sara Sorribes Tormo before losing to Coco Gauff.<ref>{{cite news|title=American teen Gauff stuns Madrid champion Sabalenka in Rome|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/american-teen-gauff-stuns-madrid-open-champion-sabalenka-in-rome-405469.html|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=13 May 2021}}</ref> At de French Open, she defeat qualifier [[Ana Konjuh]] den Aliaksandra Sasnovich before losing to Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova.<ref>{{cite news|title=French Open tennis – Aryna Sabalenka's title hopes over at Roland Garros after Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova loss|url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/roland-garros/2021/french-open-tennis-number-three-seed-aryna-sabalenka-crashes-out-to-anastasia-pavlyuchenkova-after-t_sto8354420/story.shtml|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[TNT Sports]]|date=4 June 2021}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein grass season at de German Open. She loose ein opening match against Madison Keys.<ref>{{cite news|title=Madison Keys edges Aryna Sabalenka in Berlin second round|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/keys-upsets-top-seeded-sabalenka-to-reach-german-open-qfs|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=16 June 2021}}</ref> Nonetheless, Sabalenka den ein compatriot Victoria Azarenka win de doubles event, defeating de top-seeded pair of Demi Schuurs den [[Nicole Melichar]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2021 |title=Azarenka and Sabalenka Sent Out Tokyo Olympics 2021 Warnings After Claiming WTA Berlin Title |url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/victoria-azarenka-and-aryna-sabalenka-sent-out-tokyo-olympics-2021-warnings-after-claiming-wta-berlin-title-tennis-news/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202149/https://www.essentiallysports.com/victoria-azarenka-and-aryna-sabalenka-sent-out-tokyo-olympics-2021-warnings-after-claiming-wta-berlin-title-tennis-news/ |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=21 June 2021}}</ref> At de Eastbourne International, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Bernarda Pera]] den Alison Riske-Amritraj, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to qualifier Camila Giorgi insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Giorgi takes seesaw battle over Sabalenka in Eastbourne QFs|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2178203/giorgi-takes-seesaw-battle-over-sabalenka-in-eastbourne-qfs|access-date=29 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=24 June 2021}}</ref> At de Wimbledon Championships, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Monica Niculescu insyd de first round. Insyd de second round, she cam from a set down to defeat wildcard entrant Katie Boulter. Insyd de third round, she defeat qualifier [[Camila Osorio]]. She defeat No. 20 [[Elena Rybakina]] insyd three sets to reach ein first major quarterfinal.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka overpowers Elena Rybakina at Wimbledon, books maiden major quarterfinal against Ons Jabeur|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-grand-slam-quarterfinal-ons-jabeur-wimbledon|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=5 July 2021}}</ref> She defeat No. 24 Ons Jabeur insyd straight sets to reach ein first major semifinal, becoming de third Belarusian woman to reach Wimbledon semifinals following [[Natasha Zvereva]] insyd 1998 den Victoria Azarenka insyd 2011 den 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 July 2021 |title=Sabalenka passes Jabeur test; Pliskova sails past Golubic into Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2184833/sabalenka-passes-jabeur-test-pliskova-sails-past-golubic-into-wimbledon-semis |access-date=15 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to No. 13 [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pliskova grabs comeback win over Sabalenka to make first Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2186147/pliskova-grabs-comeback-win-over-sabalenka-to-make-first-wimbledon-final|access-date=29 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 July 2021}}</ref> As a result, she reach a career-high ranking of No. 3.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=12 July 2021 |title=Ranking Reaction: Shapovalov back in Top 10, Sabalenka up to No. 3 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-shapovalov-back-in-top-10-sabalenka-up-to-no-3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712130125/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-shapovalov-back-in-top-10-sabalenka-up-to-no-3 |archive-date=12 July 2021 |access-date=11 September 2023 |work=tennis.com}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein North American hard court season at de Canadian Open. She defeat wildcard entrants [[Sloane Stephens]] den [[Rebecca Marino]] to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat No. 15 Victoria Azarenka to reach de semifinals,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka stops compatriot Azarenka to reach Montreal semis|url=https://apnews.com/article/sports-canada-tennis-montreal-0868aacd079053298f3dee250f297163|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[Associated Press]]|date=14 August 2021}}</ref> wer she san loose to No. 6 Karolína Plíšková insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=14 August 2021 |title=Karolina Pliskova plays clean match to defeat Aryna Sabalenka in Montreal |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-pliskova-plays-clean-match-to-defeat-aryna-sabalenka-in-montreal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925223704/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-pliskova-plays-clean-match-to-defeat-aryna-sabalenka-in-montreal |archive-date=25 September 2023 |access-date=15 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, she loose ein opening-round match against [[Paula Badosa]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2021 |title=Upsets galore in Cincinnati as Aryna Sabalenka, Elina Svitolina, Iga Swiatek, Bianca Andreescu lose |url=https://www.tennis365.com/wta-tour/upsets-galore-cincinnati-aryna-sabalenka-elina-svitolina-iga-swiatek-bianca-andreescu-lose |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916150907/https://www.tennis365.com/wta-tour/upsets-galore-cincinnati-aryna-sabalenka-elina-svitolina-iga-swiatek-bianca-andreescu-lose/ |archive-date=16 September 2021 |access-date=16 September 2021}}</ref> Despite de loss, she reach a career-high ranking of No. 2.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=23 August 2021 |title=Ranking Reaction: Aryna Sabalenka passes Naomi Osaka for No. 2 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-aryna-sabalenka-passes-naomi-osaka-for-no-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240211095615/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-aryna-sabalenka-passes-naomi-osaka-for-no-2 |archive-date=11 February 2024 |access-date=11 September 2023 |work=tennis.com}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Nina Stojanović]] insyd de first round insyd three sets. She defeat [[Tamara Zidanšek]], No. 29 Danielle Collins, No. 16 Elise Mertens,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka defeats Mertens in straight sets in U.S. Open fourth round|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/sabalenka-defeats-mertens-straight-sets-us-open-fourth-round-2021-09-06/|access-date=29 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=6 September 2021}}</ref> den No. 9 Barbora Krejčíková, widout dropping a set, to reach ein second major semifinal.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka charges past Krejcikova to reach US Open semis|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2246150/sabalenka-charges-past-krejcikova-to-reach-us-open-semis|access-date=29 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 September 2021}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to [[Leylah Fernandez]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2021 |title=Fearless Fernandez battles past Sabalenka into first Grand Slam final at US Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2247811/fearless-fernandez-battles-past-sabalenka-into-first-grand-slam-final-at-us-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910024839/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2247811/fearless-fernandez-battles-past-sabalenka-into-first-grand-slam-final-at-us-open |archive-date=10 September 2021 |access-date=13 September 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Secof a positive COVID-19 test, na Sabalenka no be able to play at Indian Wells.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Sabalenka withdraws from Indian Wells|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/58778566|archive-date=5 February 2023|access-date=5 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205044951/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/58778566|url-status=live}}</ref> Sabalenka qualify for de WTA Finals insyd singles for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|title=First qualifiers announced for 2021 WTA Finals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2257737/first-qualifiers-announced-for-2021-wta-finals|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=20 September 2021}}</ref> She defeat [[Iga Świątek]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Aryna Sabalenka fights past Iga Swiatek to secure first WTA Finals win and remain in semifinal contention|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-edges-iga-swiatek-for-first-wta-finals-win-semifinal-contention|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=14 November 2021}}</ref> buh na she be eliminated by Paula Badosa<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Aryna Sabalenka is rusty, and Paula Badosa wins in a round-robin rout at WTA Finals|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wta-finals-2021-round-robin-preview|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=11 November 2021}}</ref> den Maria Sakkari<ref>{{cite news|last1=Berkok|first1=John|title=Maria Sakkari outlasts Aryna Sabalenka to clinch last spot in final four at WTA Finals|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sakkari-outlasts-sabalenka-to-clinch-last-spot-in-final-four-at-wta-finals|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=16 November 2021}}</ref> insyd de round-robin stage. === 2022: US Open semifinal === Sabalenka struggle plus ein serve at de beginning of 2022. At de Adelaide International 1, she loose ein opening match against [[Kaja Juvan]];<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=After hitting 18 double faults, Aryna Sabalenka loses season opener to Kaja Juvan in Adelaide |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/second-ranked-sabalenka-loses-her-season-opening-match |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627114452/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/second-ranked-sabalenka-loses-her-season-opening-match |archive-date=27 June 2022 |access-date=27 June 2022 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> at de Adelaide International 2, she loose ein first round to qualifier [[Rebecca Peterson]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Peterson stuns top seed as Sabalenka’s service woes continue in Adelaide|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-s-service-woes-continue-as-peterson-stuns-top-seed-in-adelaide|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=11 January 2022}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she manage to dig out three-set wins against wildcard entrant [[Storm Sanders]],<ref name="Kane2022">{{Cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=18 January 2022 |title=Aryna Sabalenka's first serve: No. 2 seed conquers yips to survive Sanders, begin Australian Open campaign |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612105016/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |archive-date=12 June 2022 |access-date=28 July 2026 |website=[[Tennis (magazine)|Tennis]]}}</ref> [[Wang Xinyu]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Johnson|first1=Abbey|title=Australian Open: Aryna Sabalenka evades upset exodus; beats Xinyu Wang to reach 3R|url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/108015/australian-open-aryna-sabalenka-evades-upset-exodus-beats-xinyu-wang-to-reach-3r/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis World|date=20 January 2022}}</ref> den Markéta Vondroušová,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kemp|first1=Emma|title=Sabalenka too good for Vondrousova but Inglis run ended by Kanepi|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2022/jan/22/sabalenka-too-good-for-vondrousova-but-inglis-run-ended-by-kanepi-australian-open-tennis|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=22 January 2022}}</ref> buh she loose insyd de fourth round to [[Kaia Kanepi]] insyd a three-set match, wich end insyd a third-set super-tiebreak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Swiatek surges past Cirstea, Kanepi upsets Sabalenka to make Australian Open quarters |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2462425/swiatek-surges-past-cirstea-kanepi-upsets-sabalenka-to-make-australian-open-quarters |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520100700/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2462425/swiatek-surges-past-cirstea-kanepi-upsets-sabalenka-to-make-australian-open-quarters |archive-date=20 May 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2022 |title=Aryna Sabalenka becomes highest seed to fall at Australian Open, beaten by Kaia Kanepi in fourth round |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/australian-open/2022/aryna-sabalenka-becomes-highest-seed-to-fall-at-australian-open-beaten-by-kaia-kanepi_sto8734719/story.shtml}}</ref> At de Dubai Championships, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Marta Kostyuk]] before losing to Petra Kvitová.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kudermetova stuns Muguruza; Kvitova knocks out Sabalenka in Dubai|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2488937/kudermetova-stuns-muguruza-kvitova-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-dubai|access-date=30 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=16 February 2022}}</ref> At de Qatar Open, Sabalenka beat wildcard entrant Alizé Cornet<ref>{{cite news|last1=Lloyd|first1=James|title=Sabalenka downs Cornet as Azarenka withdraws from Qatar Open|url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/sabalenka-downs-cornet-as-azarenka-withdraws-from-qatar-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis UpToDate|date=22 February 2022}}</ref> den [[Jil Teichmann]], widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Richardson|first1=James|title=Qatar Open news: Top seed cruises into the quarterfinals|url=https://www.tennis365.com/tennis-news/qatar-open-news-top-seed-quarterfinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis365|date=23 February 2022}}</ref> Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to No. 8 den eventual champion Iga Świątek insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ostapenko wins 9th straight match; Swiatek sweeps into Doha semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2502600/ostapenko-wins-9th-straight-match-swiatek-sweeps-into-doha-semis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626162848/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2502600/ostapenko-wins-9th-straight-match-swiatek-sweeps-into-doha-semis |archive-date=26 June 2022 |access-date=6 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka loose ein opening match against Jasmine Paolini.<ref>{{cite news|title=Paolini stuns Sabalenka in Indian Wells for first Top 10 win; Sakkari, Kvitova advance|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2529166/paolini-stuns-sabalenka-in-indian-wells-for-first-top-10-win|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=12 March 2022}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she loose ein opening match against [[Irina-Camelia Begu]]. <ref>{{cite news|last1=Mesic|first1=Dzevad|title=Irina Begu reacts to ousting No. 1 seed Aryna Sabalenka in Miami|url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/111306/irina-begu-reacts-to-ousting-no-1-seed-aryna-sabalenka-in-miami/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis World|date=26 March 2022}}</ref> At de Charleston Open, Sabalenka loose insyd de third round to Amanda Anisimova.<ref>{{cite news|title=Amanda Anisimova topples top seed Aryna Sabalenka to reach Charleston quarterfinals|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/amanda-anisimova-topples-sabalenka-to-reach-charleston-quarterfinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=7 April 2022}}</ref> At de Stuttgart Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Bianca Andreescu]]<ref>{{cite news|last1=Livaudais|first1=Stephanie|title=Sabalenka regroups to halt Andreescu, reach quarterfinals in Stuttgart|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-regroups-to-halt-bianca-andreescu-reach-quarterfinals-in-stuttga|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=21 April 2022}}</ref> den No. 6 Anett Kontaveit insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat No. 3 Paula Badosa insyd straight sets to reach ein second straight Stuttgart final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2022 |title=Sabalenka topples Badosa to reach second straight Stuttgart final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2587119/sabalenka-topples-badosa-to-reach-second-straight-stuttgart-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423231637/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2587119/sabalenka-topples-badosa-to-reach-second-straight-stuttgart-final |archive-date=23 April 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de final, she san loose to world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek takes Stuttgart Open for fourth title of 2022 as winning streak reaches 23 matches|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/33797634/iga-swiatek-takes-stuttgart-open-fourth-title-2022-winning-streak-reaches-23-matches|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=24 April 2022}}</ref> As de defending champion at de Madrid Open, na dem san knock Sabalenka out by Amanda Anisimova insyd de first round.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 April 2022 |title=Anisimova dethrones defending champion Sabalenka in Madrid |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2594683/anisimova-dethrones-defending-champion-sabalenka-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428185057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2594683/anisimova-dethrones-defending-champion-sabalenka-in-madrid |archive-date=28 April 2022 |access-date=30 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Italian Open, Sabalenka defeat Zhang Shuai den No. 11 Jessica Pegula, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Amanda Anisimova insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. Insyd de semifinals, she loose to world No. 1 Iga Świątek for de third time insyd 2022.<ref>{{Cite news|title=World number one Swiatek into Rome Open final|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/61448479|access-date=15 May 2022|archive-date=15 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515085046/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/61448479|url-status=live}}</ref> At de French Open, she defeat [[Chloé Paquet]] den Madison Brengle before losing to Camila Giorgi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 May 2022 |title=Giorgi upsets Sabalenka at French Open; Kasatkina awaits in Round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2636132/giorgi-upsets-sabalenka-at-french-open-kasatkina-awaits-in-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704022900/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2636132/giorgi-upsets-sabalenka-at-french-open-kasatkina-awaits-in-round-of-16 |archive-date=4 July 2022 |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Sabalenka begin de grass-court season at de Libéma Open. She defeat [[Kateryna Baindl]] den wildcard entrant [[Arianne Hartono]], widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Alison Van Uytvanck insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat [[Shelby Rogers]] insyd straight sets to make de final. Insyd de final, she loose to Ekaterina Alexandrova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Alexandrova routs Sabalenka to win 's-Hertogenbosch|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2644516/alexandrova-routs-sabalenka-to-win-shertogenbosch|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=12 June 2022}}</ref> Secof Wimbledon ein ruling on Russian den Belarusian players, dem ban Sabalenka from participating insyd de event, cutting ein grass season short.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Treisman |first=Rachel |date=20 April 2022 |title=Wimbledon bans Russian and Belarusian players — including No. 2 Medvedev |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/04/20/1093741869/wimbledon-russian-players |publisher=NPR}}</ref> Sabalenka open de US hardcourt swing insyd Silicon Valley Classic. She cam from a set down to defeat lucky loser [[Caroline Dolehide]] insyd ein opening match. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to No. 12 den eventual champion Daria Kasatkina insyd three sets. At de Canadian Open, she defeat Sara Sorribes Tormo before losing to No. 11 Coco Gauff.<ref>{{cite news|title=Coco Gauff beats Arnya Sabalenka at Canadian Open in longest match of her career to set up Simona Halep quarter-final|url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/wta-toronto/2022/coco-gauff-beats-arnya-sabalenka-at-canadian-open-in-longest-match-of-her-career-to-set-up-simona-ha_sto9081228/story.shtml|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[TNT Sports]]|date=12 August 2022}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Sabalenka reach de last 16 as qualifier Anna Kalinskaya retire while trailing by a set.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka sprints into last 16 of Western & Southern Open|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-through-to-last-16-618290.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=18 August 2022}}</ref> She defeat wildcard entrant Shelby Rogers insyd three sets to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Zhang Shuai insyd straight sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka surges past Zhang into Cincinnati semifinals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2750497/sabalenka-surges-past-zhang-into-cincinnati-semifinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=19 August 2022}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to qualifier den eventual champion [[Caroline Garcia]] iinsyd hree sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cincy semis: Sabalenka vs. Garcia a showcase in power |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2750499/cincy-semis-kvitova-vs-keys-sabalenka-vs-garcia-a-showcase-in-power |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908172523/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2750499/cincy-semis-kvitova-vs-keys-sabalenka-vs-garcia-a-showcase-in-power |archive-date=8 September 2022 |access-date=8 September 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Catherine Harrison (tennis)|Catherine Harrison]] insyd de first round.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sixth seed Sabalenka through to second round at Flushing Meadows|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/us-open-news/us-open-sabalenka-through-to-second-round-620638.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=30 August 2022}}</ref> Insyd de second round, she cam from a set down to defeat Kaia Kanepi.<ref>{{cite news|title=An incredible collapse from Kanepi lets Sabalenka off the hook and into the third round|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/us-open-news/us-open-sabalenka-through-to-third-round-621798.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=2 September 2022}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she defeat qualifier [[Clara Burel]] insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she cam from a set down to defeat No. 19 Danielle Collins.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Walker|first1=Mollie|title=Aryna Sabalenka comes back again to advance to US Open quarterfinal|url=https://nypost.com/2022/09/05/aryna-sabalenka-comes-back-to-advance-to-us-open-quarterfinal/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[New York Post]]|date=5 September 2022}}</ref> She defeat No. 22 Karolína Plíšková insyd straight sets to reach ein second consecutive US Open semifinal.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Carayol|first1=Tumaini|title=Sabalenka returns to US Open semi-final with dominant victory over Pliskova|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2022/sep/07/karolina-pliskova-aryna-sabalenka-andrey-rublev-frances-tiafoe-us-open-tennis-quarter-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=7 September 2022}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she be defeated by world No. 1 Iga Świątek for de fourth time dis season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2022 |title=Swiatek and Sabalenka renew rivalry in US Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2785780/swiatek-and-sabalenka-renew-rivalry-in-us-open-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908173204/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2785780/swiatek-and-sabalenka-renew-rivalry-in-us-open-semifinals |archive-date=8 September 2022 |access-date=8 September 2022 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de San Diego Open, Sabalenka defeat wildcard entrant Sloane Stephens before losing to qualifier Donna Vekić.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vekic ousts Sabalenka in San Diego, sets Collins clash in semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2851646/vekic-ousts-sabalenka-in-san-diego-sets-collins-clash-in-semifinals |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Guadalajara Open, she loose ein opening match against [[Liudmila Samsonova]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Samsonova stuns Sabalenka in Guadalajara – sends Garcia, Gauff to WTA Finals|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/guadalajara-open-wta-1000/guadalajara-open-samsonova-books-spot-in-last-16-630730.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=19 October 2022}}</ref> Sabalenka qualify for de WTA Finals for a second straight year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2022 |title=Sabalenka and Kasatkina qualify for 2022 WTA Finals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2865210/sabalenka-and-kasatkina-qualify-for-2022-wta-finals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021014603/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2865210/sabalenka-and-kasatkina-qualify-for-2022-wta-finals |archive-date=21 October 2022 |access-date=27 October 2022 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2022 |title=Road to the WTA Finals: Aryna Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2876324/road-to-the-wta-finals-aryna-sabalenka |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She defeat world No. 2 Ons Jabeur<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka outlasts Jabeur on opening night of WTA Finals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2886071/sabalenka-outlasts-jabeur-on-opening-night-of-wta-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=1 November 2022}}</ref> den No. 3 Jessica Pegula<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats Pegula to reach WTA Finals semis, Jabeur eliminated|url=https://www.news24.com/sport/tennis/sabalenka-beats-pegula-to-reach-wta-finals-semis-jabeur-eliminated-20221105|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[News24 (website)|News24]]|date=5 November 2022}}</ref> insyd de round-robin stage, den No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd de semifinals.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka stuns No. 1 Iga Swiatek to reach first final at WTA Finals |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-stuns-no-1-iga-swiatek-to-reach-first-final-at-wta-finals |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka upsets Swiatek to reach WTA Finals championship match |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897254/sabalenka-upsets-swiatek-to-reach-wta-finals-championship-match |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She cam be de fourth woman to defeat de top 3 players at de same tournament, joining [[Steffi Graf]] (1999 French Open), Serena Williams (2002 Miami Open), den [[Venus Williams]] (2008 WTA Finals). She loose ein group match against Maria Sakkari<ref>{{cite news|title=Sakkari beats Sabalenka to reach last four of WTA Finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/jabeur-battles-back-beat-pegula-wta-finals-2022-11-03/|access-date=30 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=3 November 2022}}</ref> wey she loose insyd de final to Caroline Garcia insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Garber|first1=Greg|title=Garcia caps off comeback season with title at the WTA Finals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2898398/garcia-caps-off-comeback-season-with-title-at-the-wta-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 November 2022}}</ref> === 2023: Australian Open champion, No. 1 === [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_(2023_US_Open)_35.jpg|right|thumb|Sabalenka at de 2023 US Open]] Sabalenka begin ein 2023 season at de Adelaide International. She defeat Liudmila Samsonova,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka saves seven set points, beats Samsonova in Adelaide 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3008222/sabalenka-saves-seven-set-points-beats-samsonova-in-adelaide-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109153456/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3008222/sabalenka-saves-seven-set-points-beats-samsonova-in-adelaide-1 |archive-date=9 January 2023 |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Markéta Vondroušová, den Irina-Camelia Begu<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka into Adelaide 1 final, faces Czech teen Noskova |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3012346/sabalenka-into-adelaide-1-final-faces-czech-teen-noskova |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> to reach de final. She defeat qualifier [[Linda Nosková]] to win de title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka stops Noskova for 11th career title at Adelaide 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3013260/sabalenka-stops-noskova-for-11th-career-title-at-adelaide-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312065522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3013260/sabalenka-stops-noskova-for-11th-career-title-at-adelaide-1 |archive-date=12 March 2023 |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Seeded fifth at de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Tereza Martincová]], Shelby Rogers, Elise Mertens,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bencic, Sabalenka set up Round of 16 showdown in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3030334/bencic-sabalenka-set-up-round-of-16-showdown-in-melbourne |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> den No. 10 Belinda Bencic<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2023 |title=Sabalenka tops Bencic, will face Vekić in Australian Open quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3034993/sabalenka-tops-bencic-will-face-vekic-in-australian-open-quarterfinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126185613/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3034993/sabalenka-tops-bencic-will-face-vekic-in-australian-open-quarterfinals |archive-date=26 January 2023 |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> to reach ein first-ever Australian Open quarterfinal. She then beat Donna Vekić to reach ein fourth Grand Slam semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Three takeaways: Sabalenka into first Australian Open semifinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3037080/three-takeaways-sabalenka-into-first-australian-open-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125182600/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3037080/three-takeaways-sabalenka-into-first-australian-open-semifinal |archive-date=25 January 2023 |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She beat [[Magda Linette]] to secure ein 10th straight-set victory of 2023 wey make ein first ever major final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka defeats Linette to reach first major final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3038481/sabalenka-defeats-linette-to-reach-first-grand-slam-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126145545/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3038481/sabalenka-defeats-linette-to-reach-first-grand-slam-final |archive-date=26 January 2023 |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2023 |title=How Sabalenka found her inner calm and a new level of success |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3039450/how-sabalenka-found-her-inner-calm-and-a-new-level-of-success |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat No. 25 [[Elena Rybakina]] insyd three sets to win ein first major title.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka holds off Rybakina to win Australian Open, first Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328084008/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |archive-date=28 March 2023 |access-date=18 April 2026 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=10 incredible things Aryna Sabalenka achieved by winning the Australian Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-aryna-sabalenka-achieved-by-winning-the-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201064347/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-aryna-sabalenka-achieved-by-winning-the-australian-open |archive-date=1 February 2023 |access-date=1 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> She cam be de second Belarusian to ever win a major singles title after Victoria Azarenka insyd 2012 den 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title='A joy to watch': Social media reacts to Australian Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040119/-a-joy-to-watch-social-media-reacts-to-australian-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128192630/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040119/-a-joy-to-watch-social-media-reacts-to-australian-open-final |archive-date=28 January 2023 |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='I still feel like I'm on another planet': Sabalenka steps out with Australian Open trophy |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040637/-i-still-feel-like-i-m-on-another-planet-sabalenka-steps-out-with-australian-open-trophy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129050607/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040637/-i-still-feel-like-i-m-on-another-planet-sabalenka-steps-out-with-australian-open-trophy |archive-date=29 January 2023 |access-date=29 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Champions Corner: How Aryna Sabalenka learned a new way to fight |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040642/champions-corner-how-aryna-sabalenka-learned-a-new-way-to-fight |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129042811/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040642/champions-corner-how-aryna-sabalenka-learned-a-new-way-to-fight |archive-date=29 January 2023 |access-date=29 January 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Australian Open 2023: Aryna Sabalenka beats Elena Rybakina to win Melbourne title|publisher=BBC Sport|first=Jonathan|last=Jurejko|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/64437033|date=28 January 2023|access-date=30 January 2022|archive-date=28 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128114034/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/64437033|url-status=live}}</ref> After winning de title insyd Melbourne, Sabalenka rise back to No. 2 insyd de WTA rankings. Insyd Dubai, Sabalenka defeat lucky loser [[Lauren Davis]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 February 2023 |title=Sabalenka extends run; Pliskova, Krejcikova grab Top 10 wins in Dubai |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3076921/sabalenka-extends-run-pliskova-krejcikova-grab-top-10-wins-in-dubai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230607100618/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3076921/sabalenka-extends-run-pliskova-krejcikova-grab-top-10-wins-in-dubai |archive-date=7 June 2023 |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Jeļena Ostapenko. Insyd de quarterfinals, she fall to de eventual champion Barbora Krejčíková insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 February 2023 |title=By the numbers: Krejcikova ends Sabalenka's winning streak in Dubai |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3079631/by-the-numbers-krejcikova-ends-sabalenka-s-winning-streak-in-dubai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127114747/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3079631/by-the-numbers-krejcikova-ends-sabalenka-s-winning-streak-in-dubai |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka defeat [[Evgeniya Rodina]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 March 2023 |title=Sabalenka rolls past Rodina into third round of Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3102915/sabalenka-rolls-past-rodina-into-third-round-of-indian-wells |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320142103/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3102915/sabalenka-rolls-past-rodina-into-third-round-of-indian-wells |archive-date=20 March 2023 |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She reach de fourth round as qualifier Lesia Tsurenko withdraw.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ukrainian player had ‘panic attack’ after chat with WTA chief|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/mar/13/lesia-tsurenko-had-panic-attack-after-chat-with-wta-chief-left-her-shocked-tennis|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=13 March 2023}}</ref> She defeat Barbora Krejčíková insyd three sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2023 |title=Gauff survives Peterson; Sabalenka outlasts Krejcikova in Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3110420/gauff-survives-peterson-sabalenka-outlasts-krejcikova-in-indian-wells |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She defeat sixth seed Coco Gauff<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2023 |title=Sabalenka sweeps past Gauff into Indian Wells semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3111493/sabalenka-sweeps-past-gauff-into-indian-wells-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328080448/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3111493/sabalenka-sweeps-past-gauff-into-indian-wells-semifinals |archive-date=28 March 2023 |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den seventh seed Maria Sakkari insyd straight sets to reach de final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2023 |title=Sabalenka cruises into third final of season at Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113832/sabalenka-cruises-into-third-final-of-season-at-indian-wells |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Australian Open final, she loose to tenth seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=19 March 2023 |title=Rybakina tops Sabalenka to win Indian Wells title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530204200/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |archive-date=30 May 2023 |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd Miami, Sabalenka defeat Shelby Rogers,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wimer|first1=Zachary|title=Sabalenka Battles Injury To Start No. 1 Charge At Miami Open|url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/sabalenka-battles-injury-to-start-no-1-charge-at-miami-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Infinity|date=25 March 2023}}</ref> [[Marie Bouzková]], den Barbora Krejčíková,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Berkok|first1=John|title=Aryna Sabalenka becomes first woman to 20 wins this year with victory over Krejcikova in Miami|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-becomes-first-woman-to-20-wins-this-year-krejcikova-miami|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=28 March 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she be defeated by [[Sorana Cîrstea]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Miami Open 2023: Sorana Cirstea stuns Aryna Sabalenka to reach semi-finals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65118855|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=29 March 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein clay court season at de Stuttgart Open. She defeat Barbora Krejčíková insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats Krejcikova for third time in 2023 to make Stuttgart last-eight|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230419-sabalenka-beats-krejcikova-for-third-time-in-2023-to-make-stuttgart-last-eight|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[France 24]]|date=19 April 2023}}</ref> She defeat wildcard entrant Paula Badosa insyd three sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka comes from behind to beat Badosa, make Stuttgart semis|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3226422/sabalenka-comes-from-behind-to-beat-badosa-make-stuttgart-semis|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=21 April 2023}}</ref> She defeat [[Anastasia Potapova]] insyd straight sets to make ein third straight Stuttgart final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka eases into third straight Stuttgart final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3227940/sabalenka-eases-into-third-straight-stuttgart-final|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=22 April 2023}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of last year ein final, she be defeated by world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win second straight Stuttgart title|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3230399/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-defend-stuttgart-title|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=23 April 2023}}</ref> Insyd Madrid, Sabalenka defeat Sorana Cîrstea<ref>{{cite news|title=Mutua Madrid Open: Aryna Sabalenka sees off Sorana Cirstea in 2R to begin campaign|url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/131813/mutua-madrid-open-aryna-sabalenka-sees-off-sorana-cirstea-in-2r-to-begin-campaign-/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=28 April 2023}}</ref> den wildcard entrants Camila Osorio den [[Mirra Andreeva]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka halts Mirra Andreeva's breakthrough run in Madrid|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3249765/sabalenka-halts-mirra-andreevas-breakthrough-run-in-madrid|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=1 May 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she cam from a set down to beat [[Mayar Sherif]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka survives Madrid Open scare but Daniil Medvedev tumbles out|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/may/02/aryna-sabalenka-survives-scare-to-ease-through-to-madrid-open-semi-final-tennis-aslan-karatsev-daniil-medvedev|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=2 May 2023}}</ref> She defeat ninth seed Maria Sakkari insyd straight sets to reach ein second Madrid final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka surges past Sakkari into second Madrid final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3287309/sabalenka-surges-past-sakkari-into-second-madrid-final|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=4 May 2023}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd three sets to win ein second Madrid title den fifth WTA 1000 title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to win second Madrid title|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3324040/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-win-second-madrid-title|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=6 May 2023}}</ref> Insyd Rome, Sabalenka suffer ein first early defeat of de year, losing ein opening match to Sofia Kenin.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kenin knocks out Sabalenka in Rome second-round upset|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3340538/kenin-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-rome-second-round-upset|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=11 May 2023}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka defeat Marta Kostyuk,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka defeats Kostyuk in French Open first round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3490108/sabalenka-defeats-kostyuk-in-french-open-first-round|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=28 May 2023}}</ref> qualifier [[Iryna Shymanovich]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka holds off Shymanovich in Roland Garros second round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3515773/sabalenka-holds-off-shymanovich-in-roland-garros-second-round|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=31 May 2023}}</ref> [[Kamilla Rakhimova]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka, Stephens set Round of 16 showdown at French Open|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3527835/sabalenka-cruises-into-french-open-round-of-16|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 June 2023}}</ref> den Sloane Stephens,<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka stops Sloane Stephens to reach quarterfinals|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37795533/aryna-sabalenka-stops-sloane-stephens-reach-quarterfinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=4 June 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein first French Open quarterfinal. She defeat Elina Svitolina insyd straight sets to reach ein first French Open semifinal.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka shuffles into first Roland Garros semifinal over inspired Elina Svitolina|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-roland-garros-semifinal-over-inspired-elina-svitolina|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=6 June 2023}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd three sets, despite leading 5–2 den holding match point.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2023 |title=Muchova topples Sabalenka at French Open; makes first Grand Slam final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3532701/muchova-topples-sabalenka-at-french-open-makes-first-grand-slam-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910124212/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3532701/muchova-topples-sabalenka-at-french-open-makes-first-grand-slam-final |archive-date=10 September 2023 |access-date=14 September 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka begin ein grass court season at de German Open. She defeat qualifier Vera Zvonareva before losing to wildcard entrant Veronika Kudermetova. At de Wimbledon Championships, Sabalenka defeat [[Panna Udvardy]] insyd de first round.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Herman|first1=Martyn|title=Sabalenka races through against Udvardy|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-races-through-against-udvardy-2023-07-04/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=4 July 2023}}</ref> Insyd de second round, she cam from a set down to defeat [[Varvara Gracheva]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon 2023: Aryna Sabalenka fights past Varvara Gracheva; Iga Swiatek, Ons Jabeur win|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66132659|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=8 July 2023}}</ref> She defeat Anna Blinkova,<ref>{{cite news|title=No.2 Sabalenka powers into Wimbledon Round of 16|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3578549/no2-sabalenka-powers-into-wimbledon-round-of-16|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 July 2023}}</ref> Ekaterina Alexandrova,<ref>{{cite news|title=Superb Sabalenka glides past Alexandrova into Wimbledon quarter-finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/superb-sabalenka-glides-past-alexandrova-into-wimbledon-quarter-finals-2023-07-10/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=10 July 2023}}</ref> den Madison Keys,<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Madison Keys in straight sets to reach Wimbledon semifinals|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/07/12/sport/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-madison-keys-wimbledon-spt-intl|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[CNN]]|date=12 July 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein fourth consecutive major semifinal. Insyd de semifinals, she loose to sixth seed Ons Jabeur insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon 2023 results: Ons Jabeur fights back to beat Aryna Sabalenka and reach final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66191815|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=13 July 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein North American hard court season insyd Montréal. She defeat Petra Martić<ref>{{cite news|title=No.2 Sabalenka reels in Martic to win Montreal opener|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3624542/no2-sabalenka-reels-in-martic-to-win-montreal-opener#:~:text=In%20the%20tiebreak%2C%20Sabalenka%20came,hour%20and%2058%2Dminute%20match.&text=Sabalenka%20finished%20the%20match%20with,while%20hitting%2017%20unforced%20errors.|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=10 August 2023}}</ref> before losing to Liudmila Samsonova.<ref>{{cite news|title=Samsonova upsets Sabalenka, Pegula holds off Gauff at Canadian Open|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/samsonova-upsets-world-number-two-sabalenka-canadian-open-2023-08-11/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=12 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd Cincinnati, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Ann Li insyd three sets insyd ein opening match. She defeat Daria Kasatkina insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Western & Southern Open: Sabalenka reaches quarter-finals|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-reaches-quarter-finals-706059.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=18 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Wimbledon semifinal, she defeat fifth seed Ons Jabeur insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka steadies, scores bittersweet revenge over Ons Jabeur in Cincinnati|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-steadies-scores-bittersweet-revenge-over-ons-jabeur-in-cincinnat|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=19 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema French Open semifinal, she san fall to Karolína Muchová insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Muchova rallies past Sabalenka again for Cincinnati final berth|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3642067/muchova-rallies-past-sabalenka-again-for-cincinnati-final-berth|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=19 August 2023}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Maryna Zanevska]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka wobbles before seeing off Zanevska at US Open|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-wobbles-before-seeing-off-zanevska-us-open-2023-08-30/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=30 August 2023}}</ref> [[Jodie Burrage]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka powers past Burrage into U.S. Open third round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-powers-past-burrage-into-us-open-third-round-2023-08-31/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=1 September 2023}}</ref> Clara Burel,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka speeds into US Open second week; to face Kasatkina next|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3667129/sabalenka-speeds-past-burel-into-us-open-second-week|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 September 2023}}</ref> Daria Kasatkina,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka shines in first match since clinching No. 1, demolishes Daria Kasatkina at US Open|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-match-world-no-1-daria-kasatkina-2023-us-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=5 September 2023}}</ref> den [[Zheng Qinwen]],<ref name="semis">{{cite news|title=US Open 2023 results: Aryna Sabalenka beats Zheng Qinwen to reach semi-finals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66734895|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=7 September 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein third consecutive US Open semifinal. She cam be de first player to reach de semifinals of all four major events insyd one year since Serena Williams insyd 2016.<ref name="semis" /> She outlast Madison Keys after losing de first set 6–0 to reach ein first US Open final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka outlasts Keys, makes first US Open final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3677143/sabalenka-outlasts-keys-makes-first-us-open-final|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 September 2023}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to sixth seed Coco Gauff insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Maine|first1=D'Arcy|title=Coco Gauff tops Aryna Sabalenka to win US Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/38362953/coco-gauff-tops-aryna-sabalenka-win-us-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=9 September 2023}}</ref> Secof de loss of No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd de fourth round, Sabalenka cam be, for de first time, de world No. 1 tennis player.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka is about to be No. 1 in the WTA rankings. She could be the new US Open champ, too|url=https://apnews.com/article/us-open-live-updates-september-4-tennis-91207712f437c49b3d4dc2c56fca1270|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Associated Press]]|date=4 September 2023}}</ref> She cam be de 29th player to be ranked No. 1 insyd de world on de WTA Tour, den de second Belarusian, after Victoria Azarenka. She sanso be de eighth female player to have been ranked No. 1 insyd de Open Era insyd both singles den doubles at some point insyd dema careers.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shukla |first=Dr Balraj |date=1 October 2022 |title=9 players ranked World No. 1 in both singles and doubles ft. Martina Navratilova and Serena Williams |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/tennis/9-players-ranked-world-no-1-singles-doubles-ft-martina-navratilova-serena-williams |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208020513/https://www.sportskeeda.com/tennis/9-players-ranked-world-no-1-singles-doubles-ft-martina-navratilova-serena-williams |archive-date=8 December 2022 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=www.sportskeeda.com}}</ref> After de US Open, Sabalenka play at de China Open. She defeat wildcard entrant Sofia Kenin,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka shines in first match as No. 1, Vondrousova crashes in Beijing|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-shines-first-match-no-1-vondrousova-crashes-beijing-2023-10-01/|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=1 October 2023}}</ref> qualifier Katie Boulter,<ref>{{cite news|title=China Open: Aryna Sabalenka beats Katie Boulter in second round|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66991990|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=3 October 2023}}</ref> den Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{cite news|title=China Open: World number one Aryna Sabalenka progresses to quarter-final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/67015133|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=5 October 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to fifth seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=China Open: Elena Rybakina downs world No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka as Coco Gauff and Iga Swiatek set up last-four clash|url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/china-open-coco-gauff-and-iga-swiatek-to-meet-in-semi-final-as-world-no.-1-aryna-sabalenka-crashes-o_sto9826436/story.shtml|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[TNT Sports]]|date=7 October 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka make ein third consecutive appearance at de WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka, Swiatek lead first set of qualifiers for WTA Finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-lead-first-set-qualifiers-wta-finals-2023-09-23/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=23 September 2023}}</ref> She defeat Maria Sakkari<ref>{{cite news|title=No.1 Sabalenka dominates Sakkari to open WTA Finals campaign|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3760543/sabalenka-races-past-sakkari-to-win-wta-finals-opener|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=30 October 2023}}</ref> den Elena Rybakina<ref>{{cite news|title=Top seed Sabalenka knocks Rybakina out of WTA Finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/top-seed-sabalenka-knocks-rybakina-out-wta-finals-2023-11-03/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=4 November 2023}}</ref> buh she loose to Jessica Pegula<ref>{{cite news|title=Pegula handles top-ranked Sabalenka; advances to semifinals in Cancun|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3762715/pegula-handles-top-ranked-sabalenka-improves-to-2-0-at-wta-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=31 October 2023}}</ref> insyd de round-robin stage. Insyd de semifinals, she loose to Iga Świątek insyd straight sets, who go go on to win de event.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-iga-swiatek-vs-aryna-sabalenka-results|title=Iga Swiatek into final after dominant win over Aryna Sabalenka at WTA Finals|newspaper=The Guardian|date=5 November 2023|accessdate=29 December 2023|last1=Carayol|first1=Tumaini}}</ref> As a result, Świątek reclaim de world No. 1 ranking wey Sabalenka fini as year-end No. 2.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek returns to No. 1 with WTA Finals win over Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/38834897/swiatek-returns-world-no-1-wta-finals-win-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215075919/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/38834897/swiatek-returns-world-no-1-wta-finals-win-pegula |archive-date=15 December 2023 |accessdate=29 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=7 November 2023|title=By the numbers: The 2023 year-end rankings|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772549/by-the-numbers-the-2023-year-end-rankings|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2024: Two major titles, year-end No. 1 === [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_US_Open_2024.jpg|left|thumb|Sabalenka at de 2024 US Open]] Sabalenka start ein 2024 tennis season at de Brisbane International. She defeat [[Lucia Bronzetti]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Avila|first1=Cristhián|title=2024 Brisbane International: Aryna SABALENKA exhibits top form, dispatching Lucia BRONZETTI in straight-sets|url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/match-report-2024-brisbane-international-aryna-sabalenka-exhibits-top-form-dispatching-lucia-bronzetti-in-straight-sets|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis UpToDate|date=3 January 2024}}</ref> [[Zhu Lin (tennis)|Zhu Lin]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Harper|first1=Lachlan|title='I'm super happy to be back': Defending Australian Open champion Aryna Sabalenka charms crowd with classic interview|url=https://www.nine.com.au/sport/tennis/brisbane-international-tennis-2024-aryna-sabalenka-interview-zhu-lin-result-20240104-p5j8vj.html|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Nine.com.au]]|date=4 January 2024}}</ref> Daria Kasatkina,<ref>{{Cite news|date=5 January 2024|title=Sabalenka bests Kasatkina in Brisbane, wins 14th straight Australian match|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3849585/sabalenka-bests-kasatkina-in-brisbane-wins-14th-straight-australian-match|access-date=4 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den Victoria Azarenka<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2024 |title=Sabalenka bests Azarenka; to renew rivalry with Rybakina in Brisbane final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850355/sabalenka-bests-azarenka-to-renew-rivalry-with-rybakina-in-brisbane-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240712204241/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850355/sabalenka-bests-azarenka-to-renew-rivalry-with-rybakina-in-brisbane-final |archive-date=12 July 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de final. Insyd de final, she loose to second seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina races past Sabalenka to win Brisbane International |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850958/rybakina-races-past-sabalenka-to-win-brisbane-international |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107065759/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850958/rybakina-races-past-sabalenka-to-win-brisbane-international |archive-date=7 January 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Sabalenka overcame qualifier [[Ella Seidel]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/67973427|title=Australian Open 2024 results: Aryna Sabalenka, Maria Sakkari and Caroline Wozniacki advance|work=BBC Sport|date=14 January 2024|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=10 December 2024}}</ref> qualifier [[Brenda Fruhvirtová]],<ref>{{cite web |date=17 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Sabalenka glides past Fruhvirtova into third round |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/tennis/australian-open-2024-score-results-sabalenka-vs-fruhvirtova-highlights-round-2-match/article67748142.ece |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Sportstar}}</ref> Lesia Tsurenko,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mulvenney |first1=Nick |date=19 January 2024 |title=No handshakes as Sabalenka downs Ukraine's Tsurenko in third round |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/no-handshakes-sabalenka-downs-ukraines-tsurenko-third-round-2024-01-19/ |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> Amanda Anisimova,<ref>{{cite web |date=21 January 2024 |title=Sabalenka easily ends Anisimova's Australian Open run |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/sabalenka-easily-ends-anisimovas-australian-open-run-739121.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226165053/https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/sabalenka-easily-ends-anisimovas-australian-open-run-739121.html |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> ninth seed Barbora Krejčíková,<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka storms past Barbora Krejcikova to set up Coco Gauff semi-final at 2024 Australian Open |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/australian-open/2024/aryna-sabalenka-storms-past-barbora-krejcikova-to-set-up-coco-gauff-semi-final-at-2024-australian-op_sto9986817/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123113458/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/australian-open/2024/aryna-sabalenka-storms-past-barbora-krejcikova-to-set-up-coco-gauff-semi-final-at-2024-australian-op_sto9986817/story.shtml |archive-date=23 January 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de semifinals. Insyd a rematch of dema US Open final, she defeat fourth seed Coco Gauff insyd straight sets to reach ein second consecutive Australian Open final.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68083625|title=Australian Open 2024 results: Aryna Sabalenka beats Coco Gauff & faces Zheng Qinwen|work=BBC Sport|date=25 January 2024|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=10 December 2024|archive-date=14 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240214070924/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68083625|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Braidwood |first=Jamie |date=27 January 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka's dominant Australian Open defence completes a stunning transformation |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-qinwen-zheng-result-b2485879.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127120003/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-qinwen-zheng-result-b2485879.html |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=27 January 2024 |work=The Independent}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68109149|title=Australian Open 2024 women's final result: Aryna Sabalenka beats Zheng Qinwen in Melbourne|work=BBC Sport|date=27 January 2024|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=10 December 2024|archive-date=27 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127102341/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68109149|url-status=live}}</ref> becoming de first woman to successfully defend ein title at de Australian Open since Victoria Azarenka insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Parry |first=Martin |date=27 January 2024 |title=Dominant Sabalenka crushes Zheng to defend Australian Open title |url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/dominant-sabalenka-crushes-zheng-defend-101250205.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127102602/https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/dominant-sabalenka-crushes-zheng-defend-101250205.html |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=27 January 2024 |publisher=Yahoo! Sport}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ronald |first=Issy |date=27 January 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka successfully defends women's Australian Open title, defeating Zheng Qinwen in dominant fashion |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/01/27/sport/aryna-sabalenka-womens-australian-open-title-zheng-2024-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127101459/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/01/27/sport/aryna-sabalenka-womens-australian-open-title-zheng-2024-spt-intl/index.html |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=27 January 2024 |publisher=CNN}}</ref> At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka defeat [[Peyton Stearns]]<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carroll|first=Rory|date=10 March 2024|title=Sabalenka escapes Stearns to reach Indian Wells third round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/gauff-survives-burel-scare-indian-wells-2024-03-09/|access-date=4 August 2024|work=[[Reuter]]}}</ref> den wildcard entrant [[Emma Raducanu]]<ref>{{Cite news|date=11 March 2024|title=Sabalenka holds off Raducanu in Indian Wells third round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3931023/sabalenka-holds-off-raducanu-in-indian-wells-third-round|access-date=4 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> before losing to [[Emma Navarro]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=14 March 2024|title=Navarro stuns Sabalenka, Gauff cruises into Indian Wells quarters|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/navarro-stuns-sabalenka-reach-indian-wells-quarters-2024-03-13/|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she defeat Paula Badosa<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ronald|first=Issy|date=23 March 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins at Miami Open in first match since death of her former partner|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/03/23/sport/aryna-sabalenka-miami-open-paula-badosa-spt-intl|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> before losing to [[Anhelina Kalinina]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Keating|first=Steve|date=24 March 2024|title=Emotional Sabalenka exits Miami Open in fit of rage|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/emotional-sabalenka-exits-miami-open-fit-rage-2024-03-24/|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein clay season insyd Stuttgart. She reach de quarterfinals wen Paula Badosa retire,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins bestie battle against injured Paula Badosa in late-night Stuttgart match|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wins-bestie-battle-against-injured-paula-badosa-in-late-night-stuttgart-match|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=17 April 2024}}</ref> buh na she be eliminated by sixth seed Markéta Vondroušová insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 April 2024 |title=Vondrousova knocks out Sabalenka in Stuttgart quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3972785/vondrousova-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-stuttgart-quarterfinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523131538/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3972785/vondrousova-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-stuttgart-quarterfinals |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> As de defending champion insyd Madrid, Sabalenka reach de quarterfinals after three-set wins over Magda Linette,<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka 'up and down' in Madrid win over Magda Linette, Katie Boulter stunned by teenager Robin Montgomery |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/aryna-sabalenka-survives-scare-to-overcome-magda-linette-elena-rybakina-eases-past-lucia-bronzetti-a_sto10117748/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426135203/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/aryna-sabalenka-survives-scare-to-overcome-magda-linette-elena-rybakina-eases-past-lucia-bronzetti-a_sto10117748/story.shtml |archive-date=26 April 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> wildcard entrant [[Robin Montgomery]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Madrid Open: Champion Sabalenka fends off impressive Montgomery to reach last 16|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/madrid-open-sabalenka-reaches-last-16-757853.html|access-date=7 September 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=28 April 2024}}</ref> den Danielle Collins.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 April 2024 |title=Sabalenka ends Collins' winning streak to keep Madrid title defense alive |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3989908/sabalenka-ends-collins-winning-streak-to-keep-madrid-title-defense-alive |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525075532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3989908/sabalenka-ends-collins-winning-streak-to-keep-madrid-title-defense-alive |archive-date=25 May 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She defeat Mirra Andreeva insyd straight sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka ends Andreeva's Madrid run to reach semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3991411/sabalenka-ends-andreevas-madrid-run-to-reach-semifinals |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she edge an epic three-set victory over fourth seed Elena Rybakina.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2 May 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka storms back against Elena Rybakina for Madrid final rematch with Swiatek|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-storms-back-against-elena-rybakina-for-madrid-final-rematch-with-swiatek|access-date=7 August 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of de previous year ein final, she face world No. 1 Iga Świątek. Sabalenka get three championship points during de match, buh she eventually loose.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka in epic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-in-epic-2024-madrid-open-final-over-three-sets-with-tie-break-de_sto10130351/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504213149/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-in-epic-2024-madrid-open-final-over-three-sets-with-tie-break-de_sto10130351/story.shtml |archive-date=4 May 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> Insyd Rome, Sabalenka cam from a set down to defeat qualifier [[Katie Volynets]] insyd ein opening match. Insyd de third round, she defeat Dayana Yastremska insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she cam from a set down to defeat Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka saves three match points to beat Svitolina in late-night thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4010587/sabalenka-saves-three-match-points-to-beat-svitolina-in-late-night-thriller |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She defeat ninth seed Jeļena Ostapenko<ref name="Madrid2024QF">{{cite web |date=17 May 2024 |title=Rome: It's a Swiatek v Sabalenka rematch final |url=https://tennisthreads.net/rome-its-a-swiatek-v-sabalenka-rematch-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611122538/https://tennisthreads.net/rome-its-a-swiatek-v-sabalenka-rematch-final/ |archive-date=11 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Tennis Threads}}</ref> den Danielle Collins insyd straight sets to reach de final.<ref name="Madrid2024QF" /> Insyd de final, she san face Iga Świątek, wey she loose insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602145554/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=2 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Erika Andreeva]],<ref>{{cite web |title=French Open 2024: Aryna Sabalenka blitzes Erika Andreeva to get Roland-Garros campaign off to winning start |url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/roland-garros-women/2024/french-open-2024-aryna-sabalenka-blitzes-erika-andreeva-to-get-roland-garros-campaign-off-to-winning-start_sto20007576/story.shtml?welcome=eurosport |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> qualifier [[Moyuka Uchijima]],<ref>{{cite web |date=30 May 2024 |title=Sabalenka claims commanding straight-set win |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn2gv3kq1o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240831193511/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn2gv3kq1o |archive-date=31 August 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Paula Badosa<ref>{{cite web |date=June 2024 |title=Sabalenka powers past 'best friend' Badosa in Paris |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cjll1z6k4w3o |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> den Emma Navarro,<ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2024 |title=Roland-Garros: Sabalenka through to last eight |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/roland-garros-sabalenka-through-to-last-8-765677.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611174203/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/roland-garros-sabalenka-through-to-last-8-765677.html |archive-date=11 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she be hampered by stomach issues<ref>{{cite web |date=6 June 2024 |title="I had a difficult time out there" – Sabalenka reveals being unwell during Andreeva loss |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/i-had-a-difficult-time-out-there-sabalenka-reveals-being-unwell-during-andreeva-loss-766293.html |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> wey she loose to Mirra Andreeva insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andreeva becomes youngest Grand Slam semifinalist in 27 years |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4033773/andreeva-becomes-youngest-grand-slam-semifinalist-in-27-years |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606025000/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4033773/andreeva-becomes-youngest-grand-slam-semifinalist-in-27-years |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Secof ein loss, ein ranking drop to No. 3.<ref>{{Cite news|last=West|first=Ewan|date=5 June 2024|title=Coco Gauff set for incredible rankings breakthrough after Aryna Sabalenka’s French Open exit|url=https://www.tennis365.com/tennis-news/coco-gauff-rankings-breakthrough-world-no-2-aryna-sabalenka-french-open|access-date=6 August 2026|work=Tennis365}}</ref> Sabalenka suffer a right shoulder injury wey force am to retire during ein quarterfinal match against Anna Kalinskaya at de Berlin Open insyd June<ref>{{cite web |date=22 June 2024 |title=Sabalenka and Jabeur retire at Berlin Open |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn1k7zpg7o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240928135211/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn1k7zpg7o |archive-date=28 September 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> wey she withdraw from de Wimbledon Championships, having failed to recover in time to play.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 2024 |title=Sabalenka withdraws from Wimbledon due to shoulder injury |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4048045/sabalenka-withdraws-from-wimbledon-due-to-shoulder-injury |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704231352/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4048045/sabalenka-withdraws-from-wimbledon-due-to-shoulder-injury |archive-date=4 July 2024 |accessdate=8 July 2024 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_Trophy_US_Open_2024.jpg|right|thumb|Sabalenka dey lift de 2024 US Open singles trophy]] Sabalenka return from injury at de Washington DC Open. She defeat qualifier Kamilla Rakhimova<ref>{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Washington Open: Sabalenka moves into last eight|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/washington-open-sabalenka-moves-into-last-eight-776700.html|access-date=6 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> den Victoria Azarenka<ref>{{Cite news|date=3 August 2024|title=Washington Open: Sabalenka books spot in last four|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/washington-open-sabalenka-books-spot-in-last-4-776993.html|access-date=6 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> to reach de semifinals, wer she loose to Marie Bouzková insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite news|date=3 August 2024|title=Error-prone Aryna Sabalenka stumbles out of DC Open in the semifinals|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2024/08/03/dc-open-semifinals-aryna-sabalenka-paula-badosa-ben-shelton-frances-tiafoe-sebastian-korda/|access-date=6 August 2026|work=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> At de Canadian Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Yuan Yue]] den Katie Boulter to reach de quarterfinals,<ref>{{cite news|title=Boulter knocked out of Canadian Open by Sabalenka|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clyl204d2nlo|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=10 August 2024}}</ref> wer she loose to Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Amanda Anisimova upsets Aryna Sabalenka to make Toronto semis|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40812988/amanda-anisimova-upsets-aryna-sabalenka-make-toronto-semis|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=10 August 2024}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Elisabetta Cocciaretto]],<ref>{{Cite news|date=15 August 2024|title=Sabalenka makes strong start at Western & Southern Open|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-moves-into-last-16-779352.html|access-date=4 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> Elina Svitolina,<ref>{{Cite news|date=16 August 2024|title=By the numbers: Sabalenka seals fourth Cincinnati quarterfinal berth|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4084431/sabalenka|access-date=4 August 2024|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den Liudmila Samsonova<ref>{{Cite news|last=Dimon|first=Ricky|date=17 August 2024|title=Sabalenka sinks Samsonova to reach Cincinnati semi-finals|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-into-semi-finals-779633.html|access-date=4 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> to reach de semifinals. She defeat world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd de semifinals,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka beats Swiatek to reach Cincinnati final |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd6y282w997o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240828175928/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd6y282w997o |archive-date=28 August 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news|last=Grez|first=Matias|date=19 August 2024|title=Cincinnati Open: Aryna Sabalenka defeats Iga Świątek to set up final against Jessica Pegula|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/08/19/sport/cincinnati-open-aryna-sabalenka-jessica-pegula-spt-intl|access-date=6 August 2026|work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> wey she defeat sixth seed Jessica Pegula to win de title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka wins first title since Australian Open |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c0mn84mk9ygo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240907232826/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c0mn84mk9ygo |archive-date=7 September 2024 |accessdate=7 September 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=19 August 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka tops Jessica Pegula, wins first Cincinnati Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40921088/aryna-sabalenka-tops-jessica-pegula-wins-first-cincinnati-open|access-date=6 August 2026|work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Ein ranking move back to No. 2.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Priscilla Hon]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tennery |first1=Amy |date=27 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka cruises past Hon in US Open first round |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-cruises-past-hon-us-open-first-round-2024-08-27/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> den Lucia Bronzetti insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka hammers Bronzetti to reach U.S. Open third round |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-hammers-bronzetti-reach-us-open-third-round-2024-08-28/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Ekaterina Alexandrova.<ref>{{cite web |date=31 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka shrugs off late US Open start to battle past Alexandrova |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-shrugs-off-late-us-open-start-battle-past-alexandrova-2024-08-31/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> She defeat Elise Mertens,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 September 2024 |title=Sabalenka reaches fourth US Open quarter-final in a row |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cy0n2p4ewl3o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908090411/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cy0n2p4ewl3o |archive-date=8 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> seventh seed Zheng Qinwen<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tennery |first1=Amy |date=4 September 2024 |title=Sabalenka cruises past Zheng to reach US Open semi-final |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-cruises-past-zheng-reach-us-open-semi-final-2024-09-04/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> den Emma Navarro,<ref>{{cite web |date=6 September 2024 |title=Back-to-back: Sabalenka beats Navarro to make second straight US Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4107917/back-to-back-sabalenka-beats-navarro-to-make-second-straight-us-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908090410/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4107917/back-to-back-sabalenka-beats-navarro-to-make-second-straight-us-open-final |archive-date=8 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein second straight US Open final. She defeat sixth seed Jessica Pegula insyd straight sets to win ein first US Open singles title den third major singles title.<ref>{{cite web |date=7 September 2024 |title=World No. 2 Aryna Sabalenka wins US Open over American Jessica Pegula for third grand slam singles title |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/07/sport/us-open-final-pegula-sabalenka-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240907232122/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/07/sport/us-open-final-pegula-sabalenka-spt-intl/index.html |archive-date=7 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=7 September 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka bests American hope Jessica Pegula for U.S. Open title in New York City |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/sports/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-bests-american-hope-jessica-pegula-us-open-title-rcna169925 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908003344/https://www.nbcnews.com/sports/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-bests-american-hope-jessica-pegula-us-open-title-rcna169925 |archive-date=8 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=NBC News}}</ref> She cam be de fifth woman to win de Australian Open den de US Open insyd de same year since 1988.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Maine|first=D’Arcy|date=7 September 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka beats Jessica Pegula to win elusive US Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/41167233/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-jessica-pegula-straight-sets-win-us-open|access-date=5 August 2026|work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Sabalenka continue ein great form insyd China. At de China Open, she defeat qualifier [[Mananchaya Sawangkaew]],<ref>{{cite web |date=28 September 2024 |title=Sabalenka holds off qualifier Sawangkaew in Beijing for 13th straight win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4132051/sabalenka-holds-off-qualifier-sawangkaew-in-beijing-for-13th-straight-win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226091235/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4132051/sabalenka-holds-off-qualifier-sawangkaew-in-beijing-for-13th-straight-win |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> [[Ashlyn Krueger]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Big in Beijing: Sabalenka takes win streak to 14, one shy of career high |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4136517/big-in-beijing-sabalenka-takes-win-streak-to-14-one-shy-of-career-high |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003203638/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4136517/big-in-beijing-sabalenka-takes-win-streak-to-14-one-shy-of-career-high |archive-date=3 October 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> den Madison Keys,<ref>{{cite web |date=1 October 2024 |title=Sabalenka beats Keys in Beijing to win 15th straight, matches personal best |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4138269/sabalenka-beats-keys-in-beijing-to-win-15th-straight-matches-personal-best |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112005634/https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4138269/sabalenka-beats-keys-in-beijing-to-win-15th-straight-matches-personal-best |archive-date=12 November 2024 |accessdate=11 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to Karolína Muchová insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Karolina Muchova snaps Aryna Sabalenka's 15-match win streak to reach Beijing semifinals |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-muchova-snaps-aryna-sabalenka-15-match-win-streak-zheng-qinwen-beijing |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112005633/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-muchova-snaps-aryna-sabalenka-15-match-win-streak-zheng-qinwen-beijing |archive-date=12 November 2024 |accessdate=11 November 2024 |publisher=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Wuhan Open, wer she win back-to-back insyd 2018 den 2019, before de tournament be suspended secof [[COVID-19]] from 2020 til 2023, Sabalenka defeat Kateřina Siniaková insyd straight sets insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 October 2024 |title=Two-time defending champion Sabalenka returns to winning ways in Wuhan |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4146107/two-time-defending-champion-sabalenka-returns-to-winning-ways-in-wuhan |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam back from a set down against Yulia Putintseva.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka makes 11th straight quarterfinal to stay undefeated in Wuhan |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4146984/sabalenka-makes-11th-straight-quarterfinal-to-stay-undefeated-in-wuhan |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226164253/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4146984/sabalenka-makes-11th-straight-quarterfinal-to-stay-undefeated-in-wuhan |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de quarterfinals, she defeat [[Magdalena Fręch]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka's 42-winner barrage propels her into Wuhan semis; Gauff awaits |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4147473/sabalenkas-42-winner-barrage-propels-her-into-wuhan-semis-gauff-awaits |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she mount a comeback from a set den a break down against fourth seed Coco Gauff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka snaps Gauff's streak to make third Wuhan final; faces Zheng |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4147952/sabalenka-snaps-gauffs-streak-to-make-third-wuhan-final-faces-zheng |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat fifth seed Zheng Qinwen insyd three sets to lift ein third Wuhan Open title den ein second WTA 1000 title for de 2024 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=13 October 2024 |title=Sabalenka beats Zheng in three-set thriller to win third Wuhan title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4148330/sabalenka-beats-zheng-in-three-set-thriller-to-win-third-wuhan-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112163106/https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4148330/sabalenka-beats-zheng-in-three-set-thriller-to-win-third-wuhan-title |archive-date=12 November 2024 |accessdate=12 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After 11 months off de top insyd October, Sabalenka regain de WTA world number-one ranking.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Zagoria|first=Adam|date=21 October 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka Reclaims World No. 1 Ranking|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/adamzagoria/2024/10/21/aryna-sabalenka-reclaims-world-no-1-ranking/|access-date=7 August 2026|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Following wins against Zheng Qinwen<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka's decisive opening victory against Zheng sets tone at WTA Finals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4161763/sabalenkas-decisive-opening-victory-against-zheng-sets-tone-at-wta-finals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226182709/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4161763/sabalenkas-decisive-opening-victory-against-zheng-sets-tone-at-wta-finals |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> den Jasmine Paolini insyd ein first two group matches at de WTA Finals,<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2024 |title=Zheng into last four of Finals as Sabalenka loses |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c74lz1qqjqko |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113034321/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c74lz1qqjqko |archive-date=13 November 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> combined plus Świątek ein loss to Coco Gauff, Sabalenka for de first time go finish as year-end No. 1.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kapetanekis|first=Arthur|date=5 November 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka clinches WTA year-end No. 1 ranking for first time|url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-11-05/aryna_sabalenka_clinches_wta_yearend_no_1_ranking_for_first_time.html|access-date=7 August 2026|work=US Open}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Macpherson|first=Alex|date=11 November 2024|title=Year-end rankings wrap: A look at the new No.1, Top 10 shifts and much more|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4166962/by-the-numbers-the-2024-year-end-rankings|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She loose ein last group match to Elena Rybakina<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2024 |title=Rybakina hands No.1 Sabalenka first loss at WTA Finals Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4164035/rybakina-hands-no1-sabalenka-first-loss-at-wta-finals-riyadh |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226171110/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4164035/rybakina-hands-no1-sabalenka-first-loss-at-wta-finals-riyadh |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wey na she be defeated by Coco Gauff insyd de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gauff takes down Sabalenka and is one win away from the WTA Finals crown |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4165502/gauff-takes-down-sabalenka-and-is-one-win-away-from-the-wta-finals-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207101323/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4165502/gauff-takes-down-sabalenka-and-is-one-win-away-from-the-wta-finals-crown |archive-date=7 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd December, na dem name Sabalenka WTA Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 December 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka voted Player of the Year as WTA Awards Week kicks off |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4182688/aryna-sabalenka-voted-player-of-the-year-as-wta-awards-week-kicks-off |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241209210715/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4182688/aryna-sabalenka-voted-player-of-the-year-as-wta-awards-week-kicks-off |archive-date=9 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 December 2024 |title=Sabalenka voted WTA Player of the Year |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clyj6jm28dgo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210085540/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clyj6jm28dgo |archive-date=10 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> === 2025: US Open title, year-end No. 1 === Sabalenka start 2025 at de Brisbane International. She defeat [[Renata Zarazúa]],<ref>{{cite web |date=31 December 2024 |title=Sabalenka opens season with clinical Brisbane win |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr56jrzjd14o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106160357/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr56jrzjd14o |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Yulia Putintseva,<ref>{{cite web |title=Brisbane takeaways: Sabalenka overcomes tough first set, outlasts Putintseva |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193141/takeaways-sabalenka-passes-putintseva-test-to-reach-brisbane-quarters |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106160357/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193141/takeaways-sabalenka-passes-putintseva-test-to-reach-brisbane-quarters |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Marie Bouzková,<ref>{{cite web |date=3 January 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka advances to semis after 'really tough' battle against Marie Bouzková |url=https://www.nine.com.au/sport/tennis/brisbane-international-2025-aryna-sabalenka-quarter-finals-interview-marie-bouzkov-20250103-p5l20y.html |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=Nine}}</ref> den No. 16 Mirra Andreeva,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka beats Andreeva in Brisbane semis for 40th career win in Australia |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193992/sabalenka-beats-andreeva-in-brisbane-semis-for-40th-career-win-in-australia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106005334/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193992/sabalenka-beats-andreeva-in-brisbane-semis-for-40th-career-win-in-australia |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de final. Insyd de final, she cam back from a set down against qualifier [[Polina Kudermetova]] to win de title.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 January 2025 |title=Sabalenka wins Brisbane title; Osaka retires in Auckland |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cz6l53z974zo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106083449/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cz6l53z974zo |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=No.1 Sabalenka holds off Polina Kudermetova to win Brisbane title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194305/no-1-sabalenka-holds-off-polina-kudermetova-to-win-brisbane-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105160601/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194305/no-1-sabalenka-holds-off-polina-kudermetova-to-win-brisbane-title |archive-date=5 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> As de two-time defending champion at de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat Sloane Stephens,<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2025 |title=Sabalenka breezes past Stephens to make Australian Open second round |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/it-feels-like-home-two-time-defending-champion-sabalenka-breezes-past-stephens-in-melbourne-803297.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250115180743/https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/it-feels-like-home-two-time-defending-champion-sabalenka-breezes-past-stephens-in-melbourne-803297.html |archive-date=15 January 2025 |access-date=12 January 2025 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Jéssica Bouzas Maneiro]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Siegemund upsets Zheng; Sabalenka holds on at Australian Open|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4198740/siegemund-upsets-zheng-sabalenka-holds-on-at-australian-open|access-date=17 January 2025|work=Women's Tennis Association|language=en|archive-date=17 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117030057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4198740/siegemund-upsets-zheng-sabalenka-holds-on-at-australian-open|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Clara Tauson]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka clinches tense match with scorching backhand|url=https://www.smh.com.au/sport/tennis/sabalenka-clinches-tense-match-with-scorching-backhand-20250117-p5l58c.html|access-date=17 January 2025|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=17 January 2025|language=en|archive-date=17 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117030057/https://www.smh.com.au/sport/tennis/sabalenka-clinches-tense-match-with-scorching-backhand-20250117-p5l58c.html|url-status=live}}</ref> den No. 15 Mirra Andreeva, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat No.12 Paula Badosa insyd straight sets to advance to ein third straight Australian Open final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka sweeps past Badosa into third straight AO final|url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/sabalenka-sweeps-past-badosa-third-straight-ao-final|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to No. 14 Madison Keys insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Australian Open: Keys upsets 2-time champion Sabalenka in women's final for 1st Grand Slam title|url=https://apnews.com/article/australian-open-2025-women-final-keys-sabalenka-9c448968ccd1ef1e3ccc1a068d1808bc|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Australian Open F: Aryna Sabalenka vs Madison Keys Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250125-W-Australian_Open-F-Aryna_Sabalenka-Madison_Keys.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> At de Qatar Open, Sabalenka loose ein opening match against Ekaterina Alexandrova.<ref>{{cite news|title=Alexandrova stuns Sabalenka in third-set tiebreak for sixth straight win|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4214516/alexandrova-stuns-sabalenka-in-third-set-tiebreak-for-sixth-straight-win|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> At de Dubai Championships, she defeat qualifier Veronika Kudermetov<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|title=Sabalenka wins in Dubai; Zheng and Andreeva matches postponed to Wednesday|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4217914/sabalenka-wins-in-dubai-zheng-and-andreeva-matches-postponed-to-wednesday|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> before losing to Clara Tauson.<ref>{{cite news|title=Clara Tauson thumps Aryna Sabalenka in Dubai third-round upset|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/clara-tauson-thumps-aryna-sabalenka-in-dubai-third-round-upset|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_at_2025_Miami_Open_04_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb| Sabalenka at a 2025 Miami Open press conference]] At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka defeat [[McCartney Kessler]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Indian Wells R64: Aryna Sabalenka vs Mccartney Kessler Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250308-W-Indian_Wells-R64-Aryna_Sabalenka-Mccartney_Kessler.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref><ref name="tennis.com">{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins Indian Wells opener over McCartney Kessler|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wins-indian-wells-opener-mccartney-kessler|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> Lucia Bronzetti,<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka annihilates Bronzetti in the 3rd round – INDIAN WELLS RESULTS. HIGHLIGHTS. HIGHLIGHTS, INTERVIEW|url=https://tennistonic.com/tennis-news/835884/aryna-sabalenka-annihilates-bronzetti-in-the-3rd-round-indian-wells-results-highlights-highlights-interview/|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> lucky loser [[Sonay Kartal]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Indian Wells takeaways: Sabalenka reaches quarters for second time|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4232446/indian-wells-takeaways-sabalenka-reaches-quarters-for-second-time|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> den Liudmila Samsonova,<ref>{{cite news|title=Indian Wells: Aryna Sabalenka Eases Past Liudmila Samsonova To Set Up SF Against Madison Keys|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/sports/tennis/indian-wells-open-2025-aryna-sabalenka-beats-liudmila-samsonova-to-set-up-semifinal-against-madison-keys-match-report|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de semifinals. Insyd a rematch of dema Australian Open final, she defeat fifth seed Madison Keys insyd straight sets to reach ein second Indian Wells final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Women's Semifinal: Stingy Sabalenka Gets Rapid Revenge On Keys|url=https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/aryna-sabalenka-madison-keys-2025|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to ninth seed Mirra Andreeva insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite news|date=16 March 2025|title=Mirra Andreeva stops No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka for Indian Wells title|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/44279674/mirra-andreeva-stops-no-1-aryna-sabalenka-indian-wells-title|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> At de Miami Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Viktoriya Tomova]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka makes quick work of Tomova to book Miami third-round spot|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4236330/sabalenka-makes-quick-work-of-tomova-to-book-miami-third-round-spot|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> She reach de fourth round as qualifier [[Elena-Gabriela Ruse]] retire while trailing by a set.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins as Elena-Gabriela Ruse retires injured|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/44361560/aryna-sabalenka-wins-elena-gabriela-ruse-retires-injury|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> She defeat defending champion Danielle Collins,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka ousts defending champ Collins; to meet Zheng in Miami quarters|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4238241/sabalenka-ousts-defending-champ-collins-to-meet-zheng-in-miami-quarters|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> ninth seed Zheng Qinwen,<ref>{{cite news|title=Miami Open: Aryna Sabalenka Improves to 6–0 Over Qinwen Zheng|url=https://www.si.com/onsi/serve/news/miami-open-aryna-sabalenka-improves-6-0-over-qinwen-zheng|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Miami QF: Qinwen Zheng vs Aryna Sabalenka Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250325-W-Miami-QF-Qinwen_Zheng-Aryna_Sabalenka.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> sixth seed Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka to face Pegula in Miami final as Eala beaten|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c17q4kz90xwo|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> den fourth seed Jessica Pegula to win de title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Jessica Pegula, wins Miami Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/44459318/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-jessica-pegula-wins-miami-open|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Miami F: Aryna Sabalenka vs Jessica Pegula Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250329-W-Miami-F-Aryna_Sabalenka-Jessica_Pegula.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> She cam be de eighth player to have surpassed de 10,000 points mark insyd de WTA rankings.<ref>{{Cite news|date=30 March 2025|title=World No.1 Aryna Sabalenka surpasses greats on all-time WTA rankings with first Miami Open title|url=https://www.nine.com.au/sport/tennis/miami-open-final-2025-aryna-sabalenka-defeats-jessica-pegula-results-wta-rankings-record-20250330-p5lnne.html|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[Nine.com.au]]}}</ref> Starting ein clay season at de Stuttgart Open, Sabalenka reach de quarterfinals via walkover wen Anastasia Potapova withdraw secof injury.<ref name="express.co.uk">{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka in 'awkward' situation as she asks rival 'what are you doing to me?'|url=https://www.express.co.uk/sport/tennis/2042919/Aryna-Sabalenka-Porsche-Tennis-Grand-Prix-Stuttgart|access-date=17 April 2025}}</ref> She defeat Elise Mertens<ref name="express.co.uk" /> den fifth seed Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{Cite news|date=20 April 2025|title=Sabalenka beats Paolini to reach fourth Stuttgart final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c0l09ylz23do|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein fourth Stuttgart final. She loose de championship match against Jeļena Ostapenko insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2025 |title=Ostapenko defeats Sabalenka for first time to claim Stuttgart title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4252173/ostapenko-defeats-sabalenka-for-first-time-to-claim-stuttgart-title |website=WTATennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2025 |title=Jelena Ostapenko stuns Aryna Sabalenka to win Tennis Grand Prix in Stuttgart |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6295962/2025/04/21/jelena-ostapenko-stuttgart-tennis-grand-prix-sabalenka-result-analysis/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Anna Blinkova insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka passes Blinkova test to advance to Madrid third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4253943/sabalenka-passes-blinkova-test-to-advance-to-madrid-third-round |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Elise Mertens.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka defeats Mertens for ninth straight time to make Madrid last 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4255050/sabalenka-defeats-mertens-for-ninth-straight-time-to-make-madrid-last-16 |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> She defeat Peyton Stearns,<ref>{{cite web |date=29 April 2025 |title=No. 1 Sabalenka moves past Stearns into Madrid quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4256297/no-1-sabalenka-moves-past-stearns-into-madrid-quarterfinals |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> Marta Kostyuk,<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka weathers Marta Kostyuk in windy Madrid quarterfinal |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-weathers-marta-kostyuk-windy-madrid-quarterfinal |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> den Elina Svitolina,<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2025 |title=Top seed Sabalenka powers into Madrid final for fourth time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257357/top-seed-sabalenka-powers-into-madrid-final-for-fourth-time |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein fourth Madrid final. Insyd de final, she defeat fourth seed Coco Gauff insyd straight sets to claim ein third Madrid Open title.<ref>{{cite web |date=3 May 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka beats Coco Gauff to win Madrid Open |url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/aryna-sabalenka-beats-coco-gauff-183100482.html |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka's Madrid win makes a bigger title in Paris look more possible than ever |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-madrid-win-makes-bigger-title-paris-look-more-possible-ever-gauff |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> She cam be de third woman to surpass 11,000 points insyd de WTA rankings after Serena Williams den Iga Świątek.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 May 2024 |title=Sabalenka owned Madrid, and there's no reason to doubt what comes next |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4258560/sabalenka-owned-madrid-and-there-s-no-reason-to-doubt-what-comes-next |accessdate=12 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=5 May 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka surpasses 11,000 ranking points, joins Serena and Iga on exclusive list |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-surpasses-11000-ranking-points-after-madrid-williams-swiatek-draper-musetti |accessdate=12 June 2024}}</ref> Insyd Rome, Sabalenka defeat Anastasia Potapova insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 May 2025 |title=Banter off court, business on it: Sabalenka opens Rome campaign with win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4261943/banter-off-court-business-on-it-sabalenka-opens-rome-campaign-with-win |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Sofia Kenin.<ref>{{cite web |title=Make it eight in a row for Sabalenka after comeback win over Kenin in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4262871/no-deja-vu-sabalenka-avenges-2023-rome-loss-to-kenin-in-three-sets |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> She defeat Marta Kostyuk insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals,<ref>{{cite web |title=First Madrid, now Rome: Sabalenka turns back Kostyuk again |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4264371/first-madrid-now-rome-sabalenka-turns-back-kostyuk-again |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> wer she loose to eighth seed Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Seventh time's the charm! Zheng earns first win over Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4265415/seventh-times-the-charm-zheng-earns-first-win-over-sabalenka |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Zheng ends Sabalenka's winning streak to reach the final four in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4265417/zheng-ends-sabalenkas-winning-streak-to-reach-the-final-four-in-rome |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka defeat Kamilla Rakhimova,<ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2025 |title=Sabalenka loses only one game in Paris opener |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c331rejg1exo |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> Jil Teichmann,<ref>{{cite web |title=Roland Garros takeaways: Sabalenka settles in after early trouble to beat Teichmann |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4274796/roland-garros-takeaways-sabalenka-settles-in-after-early-trouble-to-beat-teichmann |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> [[Olga Danilović]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka vs Danilovic: Things we learned |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2025-aryna-sabalenka-v-olga-danilovic-things-we-learned |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> Amanda Anisimova,<ref>{{cite web |date=June 2025 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka reaches third straight Roland Garros quarterfinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4276621/world-no-1-sabalenka-reaches-third-straight-roland-garros-quarterfinal |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> den Zheng Qinwen,<ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2025 |title=Sabalenka defeats Zheng for seventh time to reach Roland Garros semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4277647/sabalenka-defeats-zheng-for-seventh-time-to-reach-roland-garros-semifinals |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de semifinals. Insyd de semifinals, she defeat three-time defending champion Iga Świątek insyd three sets to reach ein first French Open final.<ref name="WTARG">{{cite web |date=5 June 2024 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Roland Garros SF: Iga Swiatek vs Aryna Sabalenka Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250605-W-Roland_Garros-SF-Iga_Swiatek-Aryna_Sabalenka.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Madrid Open final, she loose to second seed Coco Gauff insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Roland Garros F: Coco Gauff vs Aryna Sabalenka Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250607-W-Roland_Garros-F-Coco_Gauff-Aryna_Sabalenka.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=A champion's heart: Gauff defeats Sabalenka to win French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4280339/a-champions-heart-gauff-defeats-sabalenka-to-win-french-open |accessdate=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein grass season at de Berlin Open. She defeat qualifier [[Rebeka Masarova]] insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 June 2025 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka's second-round match in Berlin suspended overnight |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4290048/world-no-1-sabalenkas-second-round-match-in-berlin-suspended-overnight |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> She defeat No. 11 Elena Rybakina insyd three sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 June 2025 |title=Down 6–2 in final-set tiebreak, Sabalenka escapes Rybakina in Berlin |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4292091/down-6-2-in-final-set-tiebreak-sabalenka-escapes-rybakina-in-berlin |access-date=20 June 2025}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to eventual champion Markéta Vondroušová insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 June 2025 |title=Vondrousova ousts Sabalenka in Berlin, earns first win over a World No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4293012/vondrousova-ousts-sabalenka-in-berlin-earns-first-win-over-a-world-no-1 |access-date=21 June 2025}}</ref> At de Wimbledon Championships, Sabalenka beat qualifier [[Carson Branstine]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Happy return for Sabalenka |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-06-30/happy_return_for_sabalenka.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Marie Bouzková,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka proves her intensity against Bouzkova |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-02/sabalenka_proves_her_intensity_against_bouzkova.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Emma Raducanu,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka ends Raducanu's Wimbledon dream |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-04/sabalenka_ends_raducanus_dream.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> den Elise Mertens,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka sees off Mertens |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-06/sabalenka_sees_off_mertens.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat [[Laura Siegemund]] insyd three sets to advance to de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka conquers inspired Laura Siegemund on Wimbledon Centre Court |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-conquers-inspired-laura-siegemund-on-wimbledon-centre-court |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to No. 12 Amanda Anisimova insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Anisimova stuns Sabalenka to reach first Grand Slam final |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-10/anisimova_stuns_sabalenka_to_reach_first_grand_slam_final.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Despite dis loss, she cam be de first woman to surpass 12,000 points on de WTA rankings since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kallet|first=Brad|date=18 July 2025|title=Sabalenka becomes first player to top 12,000 points since Serena in '15|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4316764/sabalenka-becomes-first-player-to-top-12000-points-since-serena-in-15|access-date=4 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Berkok|first=John|date=17 July 2025|title=Aryna Sabalenka surpasses 12,000 ranking points, the first woman since Serena Williams in 2015|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-woman-since-serena-williams-to-surpass-12000-ranking-points|access-date=4 August 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein US hard court season at de Cincinnati Open. She defeat Markéta Vondroušová insyd straight sets insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 August 2025 |title=Cincinnati Open: Sabalenka sets up Round of 32 showdown with Raducanu |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/cincinnati-open-sabalenka-sets-up-round-of-32-showdown-with-raducanu-832770.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she defeat Emma Raducanu insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 August 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka Escapes Emma Raducanu in Cincinnati Open |url=https://www.si.com/onsi/serve/news/aryna-sabalenka-escapes-emma-raducanu-cincinnati-open |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> She defeat Jessica Bouzas Maneiro insyd straight sets to advance to de quarterfinals. <ref>{{cite web |date=14 August 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka sprints past Jessica Bouzas Maneiro, sets blockbuster Cincinnati Open clash against Elena Rybakina |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/aryna-sabalenka-sprints-past-jessica-bouzas-maneiro-sets-blockbuster-cincinnati-open-clash-against-elena-rybakina |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to ninth seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=15 August 2025 |title=Cincinnati Open: Stormy Rybakina stuns Sabalenka, advances to semi-finals |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/cincinnati-open-stormy-rybakina-stuns-sabalenka-advances-to-semi-finals-833144.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat Rebeka Masarova, Polina Kudermetova, Leylah Fernandez, den [[Cristina Bucșa]],<ref>{{cite web |date=1 September 2025 |title='I play to win': Sabalenka reaches another US Open quarterfinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4354162/im-not-playing-not-to-lose-i-play-to-win-sabalenka-through-to-fifth-straight-us-open-quarterfinal |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She advance to de semifinals via walkover wen Markéta Vondroušová withdraw secof injury.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hansen |first1=James |last2=Futterman |first2=Matthew |date=2 September 2025 |title=Marketa Vondrousova pulls out of U.S. Open quarterfinal with Aryna Sabalenka with injury |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6593120/2025/09/02/vondrousova-us-open-withdrawal-injury/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema 2024 US Open final, she cam from a set down to defeat fourth seed Jessica Pegula den reach ein third consecutive US Open final.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2025 |title=Sabalenka holds firm against Pegula to return to the US Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4357002/sabalenka-pulls-through-late-against-pegula-to-make-the-us-open-final |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Axson |first1=Scooby |last2=Flores |first2=Elizabeth |date=4 September 2025 |title=Defending champion Aryna Sabalenka ousts Jessica Pegula in three-set US Open semifinal |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/tennis/2025/09/04/sabalenka-pegula-tv-time-results-updates/85957989007/ |work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Wimbledon semifinal, she defeat eighth seed Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets to win ein second US Open title den fourth major title. She cam be de first player to defend a US Open singles title since Serena Williams insyd 2014.<ref name="CBSUSOpen2025">{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Amanda Anisimova, winning 2nd straight U.S. Open final |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-open-women-final-winner-aryna-sabalenka-amanda-anisimova/ |access-date=25 April 2026 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=How Aryna Sabalenka beat Amanda Anisimova to defend her US Open 2025 women's singles title |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/live-blogs/us-open-2025-live-updates-womens-final-scores-result/tXLDqut2p9wM/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> As de three-time defending champion at de Wuhan Open, Sabalenka cam from a set down to overcome [[Rebecca Sramkova]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 October 2025 |title=Still unbeaten in Wuhan: Sabalenka overcomes Sramkova from a set down |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4378258/still-unbeaten-in-wuhan-sabalenka-overcomes-sramkova-from-a-set-down |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> She defeat Liudmila Samsonova<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka's Wuhan winning streak reaches 19 matches |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wuhan-winning-streak-reaches-19-matches |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> den eight seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to advance to de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 October 2025 |title=Sabalenka's Wuhan streak hits 20 with first straight-sets victory over Rybakina |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4379331/sabalenka-posts-first-straight-sets-win-vs-rybakina-now-20-0-in-wuhan |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to sixth seed Jessica Pegula insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jessica Pegula ends Aryna Sabalenka's unbeaten Wuhan reign to set Coco Gauff final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/jessica-pegula-ends-aryna-sabalenka-unbeaten-wuhan-reign-comeback-gauff |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> Sabalenka make ein fifth consecutive appearance at de WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka becomes first to qualify for WTA Finals Riyadh presented by PIF|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4305595/sabalenka-becomes-first-to-qualify-for-wta-finals-riyadh-presented-by-pif|access-date=11 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=7 July 2025}}</ref> She win all ein three matches insyd de round-robin stage against Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka celebrates 500th WTA match with win over Paolini in Riyadh|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4395054/sabalenka-celebrates-milestone-500th-match-with-win-over-paolini-in-riyadh|access-date=9 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 November 2025}}</ref> Jessica Pegula,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Poole|first1=Harry|title='Beast mode' Sabalenka beats Pegula at WTA Finals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2lje570geo|access-date=9 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=4 November 2025}}</ref> den Coco Gauff<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2025 |title=Sabalenka takes out Gauff to round out semifinals in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4397426/sabalenka-takes-out-gauff-to-round-out-wta-finals-semifinal-four |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> to reach de semifinals. She defeat Amanda Anisimova insyd three sets to reach ein second WTA Finals final.<ref name="OlympicsWTA2025">{{cite web |title=WTA Finals 2025: Aryna Sabalenka outlasts Amanda Anisimova to reach championship match |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/wta-finals-2025-aryna-sabalenka-reaches-final |access-date=25 April 2026}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 November 2025 |title=The perfect ending: Rybakina tops Sabalenka to win WTA Finals crown |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4398548/rybakina-takes-down-sabalenka-to-close-2025-with-wta-finals-crown |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> For de second year in a row, Sabalenka fini as de year-end No. 1.<ref name=":7">{{Cite news|last=Macpherson|first=Alex|date=10 November 2025|title=The 2025 year-end rankings wrap: Milestones, movers, records and more|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4399733/the-2025-year-end-rankings-wrap-milestones-movers-records-and-more|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She sanso hold de No. 1 position uninterrupted thru de entire season.<ref name=":7" /> Na dem sanso name am WTA Player of de Year for de second year in a row.<ref>{{Cite news|date=15 December 2025|title=And the winners of the 2025 WTA Tour player awards are ...|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4418879/and-the-winners-of-the-2025-wta-tour-player-awards-are|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> On 28 December 2025, Sabalenka (women's singles world No. 1) den [[Nick Kyrgios]] (men's singles world No. 671) contest an exhibition match dem promote as de ''Battle of the Sexes'' at de Coca-Cola Arena insyd Dubai.<ref>{{cite news|author1=|title=Sabalenka, Kyrgios see only positives from 'Battle of the Sexes' match|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-kyrgios-see-only-positives-battle-sexes-match-2025-12-29/|access-date=1 January 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=29 December 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author1=Al Jazeera Staff|title=Kyrgios beats Sabalenka 6–3, 6–3 in ‘Battle of the Sexes’ tennis showdown|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2025/12/28/kyrgios-beats-sabalenka-6-3-6-3-in-battle-of-the-sexes-tennis-showdown|access-date=1 January 2026|work=[[Al Jazeera]]}}</ref> Na de event be organized by dema shared management agency, Evolve. Na dem play de match as a three-set contest under modified rules: na dem reduce de dimensions of Sabalenka ein side of de court by 9%, den both players be restricted to a single serve per point. Insyd de event of a tie, a 10-point match tiebreak go be played.<ref name="SkySports_Dec2025">{{cite web |date=28 December 2025 |title=Battle of the Sexes: Nick Kyrgios beats Aryna Sabalenka in special tennis exhibition match in Dubai |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/13488047/battle-of-the-sexes-nick-kyrgios-beats-aryna-sabalenka-in-special-tennis-exhibition-match-in-dubai |access-date=1 January 2026 |publisher=[[Sky Sports]]}}</ref> According to Evolve, na de court-size adjustment be intended to "reflect average movement-speed differences between men and women".<ref>{{cite news|last1=Braidwood|first1=Jamie|title=Kyrgios v Sabalenka rules: Battle of the Sexes to use modified court and serve limit|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/kyrgios-sabalenka-rules-court-size-serve-b2891096.html|access-date=1 January 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=28 December 2025}}</ref> Kyrgios defeat Sabalenka insyd straight sets, 6–3, 6–3.<ref name="SkySports_Dec2025" /> === 2026: Sunshine Double, Australian Open den US Open finalist === Sabalenka begin ein 2026 season at de Brisbane International. She defeat Cristina Bucșa,<ref>{{cite web |date=6 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka opens 2026 with 48-minute win over Bucsa in Brisbane |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4428905/sabalenka-opens-2026-with-47-minute-win-over-bucsa-in-brisbane |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Sorana Cîrstea,<ref>{{cite web |date=8 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka defeats Cirstea to march on to Brisbane quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4430486/sabalenka-defeats-cirstea-to-march-on-to-brisbane-quarterfinals |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> fifth seed Madison Keys,<ref>{{cite web |date=9 January 2026 |title=Muchova halts Rybakina’s win streak; to face Sabalenka in Brisbane semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431345/muchova-extinguishes-rybakinas-win-streak-to-do-battle-with-sabalenka-in-brisbane-semis |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Karolína Muchová,<ref>{{cite web |date=10 January 2026 |title=Kostyuk knocks out Pegula to set up Brisbane final against Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431929/kostyuk-knocks-out-pegula-to-set-up-brisbane-final-against-sabalenka |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> den Marta Kostyuk to successfully defend ein title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka wins 22nd title in Brisbane, passes Azarenka for third among active players |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4432399/sabalenka-wins-22nd-title-in-brisbane-passes-azarenka-for-third-among-active-players |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat wildcard entrant [[Tiantsoa Sarah Rakotomanga Rajaonah]],<ref>{{cite web |date=18 January 2026 |title=Fearless at the net: How Sabalenka solved an unknown opponent at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4436276/aryna-sabalenka-passes-first-round-test-of-tiantsoa-rakotomanga-rajaonah-in-straight-sets-australian-open-2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> qualifier [[Bai Zhuoxuan]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Church|first1=Michael|title=Top seed Sabalenka sees off Bai to progress to third round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/top-seed-sabalenka-sees-off-bai-progress-third-round-2026-01-21/|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=21 January 2026}}</ref> Anastasia Potapova,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ransom|first1=Ian|title=Sabalenka passes Potapova test to reach Australian Open fourth round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-passes-potapova-test-reach-australian-open-fourth-round-2026-01-23/|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=23 January 2023}}</ref> [[Victoria Mboko]],<ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka raises her game when it counts to beat Mboko at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4439156/sabalenka-raises-her-game-when-it-counts-to-beat-mboko-in-melbourne |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> [[Iva Jovic]],<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2026 |title=By the numbers: Sabalenka ends Jovic's run to reach fourth straight Melbourne semifinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4439974/by-the-numbers-sabalenka-thwarts-jovic-to-reach-fourth-straight-australian-open-semifinal |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> den Elina Svitolina to reach ein fourth consecutive Australian Open final, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 January 2026 |title=Back again! Sabalenka bests Svitolina to reach fourth straight Australian Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4441201/back-again-aryna-sabalenka-bests-elina-svitolina-to-reach-her-fourth-straight-australian-open-final |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema 2025 WTA Finals den 2023 Australian Open finals, she be defeated by fifth seed Elena Rybakina insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sridhar|first1=Shrivathsa|title=Red-hot Rybakina resists Sabalenka to reign at Australian Open|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/rybakina-overpowers-sabalenka-win-first-australian-open-title-2026-01-31/|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=31 January 2026}}</ref> Sabalenka skip de Middle East swing for fatigue-related reasons.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek pull out of Dubai Duty Free Tennis Championships just days before tournament begins |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/aryna-sabalenka-and-iga-swiatek-pull-out-of-dubai-duty-free-tennis-championships-just-days-before-tournament-begins |accessdate=14 February 2026 |publisher=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> She return to play at de Indian Wells Open. She defeat qualifier [[Himeno Sakatsume]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Bambini |first=Cole |date=6 March 2026 |title=By the numbers: Sabalenka defeats Sakatsume in 100th match as World No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4463766/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-himeno-sakatsume-in-100th-match-as-world-no-1-by-the-numbers |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Jaqueline Cristian,<ref>{{cite web |last=Garber |first=Greg |date=8 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka handles Cristian, Osaka next in Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4464719/sabalenka |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Naomi Osaka,<ref>{{cite web |last=Garber |first=Greg |date=10 March 2026 |title=Stellar serving propels Sabalenka past Osaka, into Indian Wells quarters |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4465964/stellar-serving-propels-sabalenka-past-osaka-into-indian-wells-quarters |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> tenth seed Victoria Mboko,<ref name="WTAIW2026">{{Cite web |date=12 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka tops Mboko for second time in 2026 to make Indian Wells semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4467765/sabalenka-tops-mboko-for-second-time-in-2026-to-make-indian-wells-semis |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> den Linda Nosková<ref>{{cite web |last=Bambini |first=Cole |date=14 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka holds off Noskova to reach third Indian Wells final in four years |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4468675/aryna-sabalenka-powers-past-linda-noskova-to-reach-third-indian-wells-final-in-four-years-bnp-paribas-open |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> to reach ein third Indian Wells final, widout dropping a set en route. Insyd a rematch of dema Australian Open den 2023 Indian Wells Open finals, she defeat third seed Elena Rybakina to win ein first Indian Wells title den tenth WTA 1000 title, saving a match point insyd de third-set tiebreaker.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 March 2026 |title=Aryna Sabalenka outlasts Elena Rybakina for Indian Wells title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/48217347/aryna-sabalenka-outlasts-elena-rybakina-indian-wells-title |publisher=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> At de Miami Open, Sabalenka defeat Ann Li,<ref>{{cite web |date=21 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka embraces the fight in Miami return to earn seventh straight win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4473678/sabalenka-embraces-the-fight-to-run-winning-streak-to-seven |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> [[Caty McNally]],<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka to meet Zheng in high-stakes Miami showdown |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4474642/surging-sabalenka-to-meet-rebounding-zheng-in-miami-round-of-16 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Zheng Qinwen,<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=23 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka tops Zheng to set Miami quarterfinal against red-hot Baptiste |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4475217/sabalenka-tops-zheng-again-to-set-miami-quarterfinal-against-baptiste |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> den [[Hailey Baptiste]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=26 March 2026 |title=Timely breaks lift Sabalenka past Baptiste as Rybakina rematch looms in Miami semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4476471/timely-breaks-lift-sabalenka-past-baptiste-as-rybakina-rematch-looms-in-miami-semis |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> to reach de semifinals, widout dropping a set en route. Insyd de semifinals, she defeat third seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to reach ein second straight Miami final.<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=27 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka's win over Rybakina sends her to second straight Miami final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4477126/sabalenka-delivers-commanding-victory-over-rybakina-to-reach-second-straight-miami-final |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat fourth seed Coco Gauff insyd three sets to win ein second straight Miami Open title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka outlasts Gauff in 3 sets to capture Miami Open title|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/48333265/sabalenka-outlasts-gauff-3-sets-capture-miami-open-title|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=28 March 2026}}</ref> She cam be de first player since Iga Świątek insyd 2022 to complete de Sunshine Double den de fifth woman overall to complete de Sunshine Double insyd singles.<ref name="WTAMiami2026">{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=28 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka wins Miami title to become first to complete Sunshine Double since 2022 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4478182/sabalenka-wins-miami-title-to-become-first-to-complete-sunshine-double-since-2022 |access-date=29 March 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player, male anaa female, to complete de achievement insyd both singles den doubles, having previously completed de Sunshine Double insyd doubles at de 2019 Miami Open.<ref name="Local10Miami">{{cite web |last=Mackey |first=Ryan |date=28 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka defeats Gauff to defend Miami Open crown, earns Sunshine Double |url=https://www.local10.com/sports/local/2026/03/28/sabalenka-defeats-gauff-to-defend-miami-open-crown-earn-sunshine-double/ |work=[[WPLG]]}}</ref> Secof an injury, Sabalenka withdraw from Stuttgart, wer na she be runner-up de previous year. She start ein clay season plus a first round bye insyd Madrid. She then defeat [[Peyton Stearns]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka ousts Stearns in Madrid opener with timely breaks, second-serve returns |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4492174/aryna-sabalenka-gets-past-peyton-stearns-in-madrid-opener-timely-breaks-second-serve-returns |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> den 29th seed [[Jaqueline Cristian]] to reach fourth round.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Osaka and Sabalenka to renew rivalry on clay in Madrid |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4493766/osaka-and-sabalenka-to-renew-rivalry-on-clay-in-madrid |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> Insyd de fourth round, she cam back from a set den a break down to defeat [[Naomi Osaka]] to reach ein 17th consecutive quarterfinal on de WTA tour.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka survives Osaka challenge from a set and a break down in Madrid |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4494605/sabalenka-survives-osaka-challenge-from-a-set-and-a-break-down-in-madrid |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> She loose insyd de querterfinals to [[Hailey Baptiste]] after having six match points.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Baptiste saves six match points to stun Sabalenka |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c1e2p5lz6wyo |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> She receive bye insyd de first round insyd Rome, then she defeat Barbora Krejčíková insyd straight sets, before losing to 26th seed [[Sorana Cirstea]] insyd de third round after she be a break den a set up, thus dey mark an end to ein 17 consecutive quarterfinals streak on WTA Tour.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Happy with the level': Sabalenka takes out Krejcikova with straight-sets win in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4500241/sabalenka-extends-head-to-head-edge-over-krejcikova-with-straight-sets-win-in-rome |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Roman renaissance! In final season, Cirstea upsets Sabalenka in third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4501069/roman-renaissance-in-final-season-cirstea-stuns-sabalenka |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka reach de quarterfinals after defeating fellow Grand Slam champion Naomi Osaka insyd de first women's night session match since 2023.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=1 June 2026|title=Sabalenka powers past Osaka in first women’s night match at French Open since 2023|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2026/jun/01/sabalenka-powers-past-osaka-in-first-womens-night-match-in-paris-since-2023|access-date=3 June 2026|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> However, she then loose to 25th seed [[Diana Shnaider]] after a bagel insyd de third set, ending ein hopes of securing a slam on a natural surface.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2026 |title=French Open 2026 results: Aryna Sabalenka crumbles in defeat by Diana Shnaider in quarter-finals |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clypeq8ljp6o |access-date=3 June 2026 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> Sabalenka begin ein grass-court season at Berlin, wer she defeat [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]], after receiving a first round bye.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Poser |first1=Noah |date=17 June 2026 |title=By the numbers: Sabalenka powers past Alexandrova and into Berlin quarters |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4521112/by-the-numbers-sabalenkas-serve-powers-her-past-alexandrova-and-into-berlin-quarters |access-date=5 July 2026}}</ref> She overcam a second set deficit to defeat [[Nikola Bartůňková]] to advance to de semifinals,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lofthouse |first1=Amy |date=19 June 2026 |title=Sabalenka battles back from brink in Berlin |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/clyegxzj01po |access-date=5 July 2026 |website=BBC}}</ref> wer she loose to Jessica Pegula plus a third set bagel.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 June 2026 |title=Sabalenka loses deciding set 6–0 to Pegula in Berlin |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg4182l37po |access-date=5 July 2026 |website=BBC}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Sabalenka loose insyd de fourth round to Osaka. Dis mark de first time since de 2022 French Open wey she loose a major match before de quarterfinals, snapping a streak of 14 major quarterfinal appearances.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 July 2026 |title=Naomi Osaka beats Aryna Sabalenka to reach Wimbledon quarters |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/49278057/naomi-osaka-overpowers-aryna-sabalenka-reach-wimbledon-quarterfinals |access-date=5 July 2026 |website=ESPN}}</ref> At de Canadian Open, Sabalenka loose to Alexandrova insyd de fourth round.<ref>{{cite web |last=Weese |first=Lukas |date=8 August 2026 |title=Aryna Sabalenka falls to Ekaterina Alexandrova in biggest upset of Canadian Open |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/7501739/2026/08/08/aryna-sabalenka-ekaterina-alexandrova-canadian-open-upset/ |access-date=15 September 2026 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Na she get anoda fourth-round appearance at de Cincinnati Open, buh she loose to [[Sára Bejlek]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |author=<!-- not stated --> |date=20 August 2026 |title=Bejlek stuns No. 1 Sabalenka in Cincinnati to reach first WTA 1000 quarterfinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4563121/bejlek-stuns-sabalenka-in-straight-sets-to-reach-cincinnati-quarterfinals |access-date=15 September 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Sabalenka enter de US Open she be in contention for de world no. 1 ranking.<ref>{{cite web |author=<!-- not stated --> |date=25 August 2026 |title=Sabalenka’s No. 1 ranking is on the line at the US Open. Here’s who can overtake her |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4566428/breaking-down-the-no-1-ranking-how-rybakina-gauff-and-pegula-can-overtake-sabalenka |access-date=15 September 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She ultimately reach de final wey she loose to Rybakina insyd three sets, ending ein bid for a three-peat. She sanso loose de no. 1 ranking to Rybakina, ending ein reign of 99 consecutive weeks atop de rankings, de sixth-longest streak of all time.<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=12 September 2026 |title=The new No. 1 has a new US Open trophy: Rybakina ends Sabalenka's reign |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4575707/rybakina-halts-sabalenkas-three-peat-bid-to-capture-first-us-open-title |access-date=15 September 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> == National representation == === Fed Cup === ==== Early appearances ==== Sabalenka represent Belarus at de Junior Fed Cup insyd 2014, wey de team fini insyd sixth place.<ref>{{Cite web |title=USA move into finals of Junior Davis Cup and Junior Fed Cup |url=https://sportswire4u.blogspot.com/2014/09/usa-move-into-finals-of-junior-davis.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618042308/http://sportswire4u.blogspot.com/2014/09/usa-move-into-finals-of-junior-davis.html |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=Sportswire}}</ref> She then make ein senior Fed Cup debut give Belarus insyd April 2016, losing a dead rubber doubles match against Russia. Nonetheless, de Belarusian team lead by [[Victoria Azarenka]] den [[Aliaksandra Sasnovich]] win de tie to qualify for de top-tier World Group de following season for de first time insyd dema history.<ref name="fed-cup-debut">{{Cite web |title=Belarus scale new heights after win in Moscow |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/227047.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102608/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/227047.aspx |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=6 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> ==== 2017: Surprise runner-up insyd World Group debut ==== De Belarus Fed Cup team make dema debut insyd de World Group wey dem ultimately reach de final, despite being de underdogs insyd all three ties.<ref name="2017-sf-preview">{{Cite web |date=22 April 2017 |title=Fed Cup Semifinals Preview: which teams will reach the final? |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Fed_Cup/42644/fed-cup-semifinals-preview-which-teams-will-reach-the-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102607/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Fed_Cup/42644/fed-cup-semifinals-preview-which-teams-will-reach-the-final/ |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref><ref name="2017-final-preview">{{Cite web |date=October 2017 |title=Fed Cup final Preview: Belarus v USA |url=https://lastwordontennis.com/2017/10/01/federation-cup-final-preview-belarus-v-usa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618065736/https://lastwordontennis.com/2017/10/01/federation-cup-final-preview-belarus-v-usa/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=Last Word on Tennis}}</ref> Na little be expected from de team secof na dem be widout dema veteran leader Azarenka, wey miss de first two ties on maternity leave den de last secof a custody battle.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Victoria Azarenka says custody dispute keeps her out of Fed Cup final |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/azarenka-says-custody-dispute-keeps-her-out-of-fed-cup-final/70357/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618065738/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/azarenka-says-custody-dispute-keeps-her-out-of-fed-cup-final/70357/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Widout am, na Belarus be led by Sabalenka den Sasnovich, neither of whom dem ever be ranked above No. 76 by de time of de final.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref><ref name="sasnovich-rankings">{{Cite web |title=Aliaksandra Sasnovich Rankings History |url=http://www.wtatennis.com/players/player/317790/title/Aliaksandra-SASNOVICH#ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506221242/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/player/317790/title/Aliaksandra-Sasnovich#ranking |archive-date=6 May 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> However, na dem get de advantage of playing all of dema ties at home insyd Minsk.<ref name="2017-sf-preview" /><ref name="2017-final-preview" /> De ties insyd de quarterfinals against de Netherlands insyd February den de semi-finals against Switzerland insyd April both play out insyd de same way. While Sabalenka loose ein opening matches to dema opponents dema respective top-ranked players of [[Kiki Bertens]] den [[Timea Bacsinszky]], na Sasnovich be able to give Belarus a 2–1 lead insyd each instance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=All square in Minsk as Sasnovich and Bertens triumph |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/253491.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102651/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/253491.aspx |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Sabalenka then clinch both ties, plus wins over [[Michaëlla Krajicek]] den No. 54 [[Viktorija Golubic]], respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Belarus completes surprise win over Netherlands in Fed Cup |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/02/belarus-completes-surprise-win-over-netherlands-in-fed-cup/64119/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618065735/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/02/belarus-completes-surprise-win-over-netherlands-in-fed-cup/64119/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka sends Belarus through to first Final |url=https://www.fedcup.com/258276?channel=fedcupnews |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907110313/https://www.fedcup.com/258276?channel=fedcupnews |archive-date=7 September 2018 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Na she only be ranked No. 125 at de time of de semifinal, plus no career tour match wins outsyd of Fed Cup.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Belarus stuns Switzerland to reach 1st Fed Cup final |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/tennis/2017/04/23/sasnovich-puts-belarus-on-verge-of-first-fed-cup-final/100812652/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814174258/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/tennis/2017/04/23/sasnovich-puts-belarus-on-verge-of-first-fed-cup-final/100812652/ |archive-date=14 August 2020 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=USA Today}}</ref> On de opening day of de final against de United States, Sabalenka upset de reigning US Open champion den world No. 13, [[Sloane Stephens]], to level de tie after Sasnovich loose ein first rubber to No. 10, [[CoCo Vandeweghe]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=CoCo Vandeweghe puts up three points to propel U.S. to Fed Cup glory |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/coco-vandeweghe-puts-three-points-help-us-win-fed-cup-title/70429/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807160102/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/coco-vandeweghe-puts-three-points-help-us-win-fed-cup-title/70429/ |archive-date=7 August 2020 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref name="fed-cup-quote">{{Cite news|last=Chiesa|first=Victoria|date=11 November 2017|title=Belarus, USA all square after first day in Fed Cup final|work=WTA Tennis|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/belarus-usa-all-square-after-first-day-fed-cup-final|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102645/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/belarus-usa-all-square-after-first-day-fed-cup-final|url-status=live}}</ref> De next day begin plus Sabalenka losing to Vandeweghe, before Sasnovich san level de tie by defeating Stephens. Na dem then select Sabalenka den Sasnovich for de decisive doubles rubber for de Fed Cup crown, buh na de duo be comprehensively defeated by Vandeweghe den [[Shelby Rogers]].<ref name="fed-cup-final">{{Cite news|last=Chiesa|first=Victoria|date=12 November 2017|title=USA claims 2017 Fed Cup after Belarus battle|work=WTA Tennis|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/usa-claims-2017-fed-cup-after-belarus-battle|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102609/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/usa-claims-2017-fed-cup-after-belarus-battle|url-status=live}}</ref> Despite finishing as runner-up, Belarus ein Fed Cup success help popularize women's tennis insyd Belarus, wey e vault Sabalenka den Sasnovich into international prominence. Sasnovich say, "''When we played the quarterfinals and semi-finals in Minsk, a lot of people were coming to see our matches. They finally saw tennis in life, and it's like a popularization... I want my country to improve even more in tennis, because I think we can have even more from Belarus''."<ref name="sasnovich-quote">{{Cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=31 August 2018 |title=Azarenka leads Belarusian trio into historic third round |url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/azarenka-leads-belarusian-trio-historic-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102609/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/azarenka-leads-belarusian-trio-historic-third-round |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> ==== 2018–19: Avoiding demotion, anoda semifinal ==== Belarus be unable to repeat dema 2017 Fed Cup success insyd 2018. Na dem hold dema quarterfinal tie insyd Minsk against Germany. Although Sabalenka win both of ein singles rubbers, Sasnovich den [[Vera Lapko]] loose each of dema own to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Na dem select Sabalenka den doubles specialist [[Lidziya Marozava]] for de match, wey Sabalenka play on short rest directly after ein last singles match. After taking de first set against [[Anna-Lena Grönefeld]] den [[Tatjana Maria]], dem ultimately loose de rubber den de tie.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Germany beats Belarus 3–2 to make Fed Cup final four |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/02/fed-cup-germany-upsets-belarus-3-2-in-minsk-to-make-semis/72035/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618070919/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/02/fed-cup-germany-upsets-belarus-3-2-in-minsk-to-make-semis/72035/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Na dema next tie san be contested insyd Minsk as part of de World Group play-offs, wey Slovakia compete to take Belarus ein place insyd de World Group de following season. Sabalenka den Sasnovich each split dema two singles rubbers, wey Sabalenka be upset by [[Viktória Kužmová]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kuzmova claws Slovakia back into contention in Minsk |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283681.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609005752/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283681.aspx |archive-date=9 June 2020 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Na dem choose doubles specialists Lapko den Marozava for de final rubber den de pair win de match to keep Belarus insyd de World Group for 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lapko and Marozava launch Belarus back into the World Group |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283695.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609005831/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283695.aspx |archive-date=9 June 2020 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Insyd de 2019 Fed Cup, na dem draw Belarus against Germany insyd de quarterfinals for de second consecutive year. After Sasnovich win de opening rubber against Maria, Sabalenka win both of ein singles rubbers against [[Andrea Petkovic]] den [[Laura Siegemund]] to clinch de tie.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka blasts Belarus to a semifinal spot |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/301763.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103082236/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/301763.aspx |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Dem advance to face Australia insyd de semi-finals. Only two players from each team participate: Sabalenka den Azarenka give Belarus, den Ashleigh Barty den [[Samantha Stosur]] for Australia. Both Sabalenka den Azarenka defeat Stosur, buh she loose to Barty. Insyd de decisive doubles rubber, Barty den Stosur win insyd three sets to eliminate Belarus.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2019 |title=Ashleigh Barty stars as Aussies clinch Fed Cup semi |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/26572380/ashleigh-barty-stars-aussies-clinch-fed-cup-semi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103082239/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/26572380/ashleigh-barty-stars-aussies-clinch-fed-cup-semi |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=ESPN}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Elena Rybakina === Sabalenka den [[Elena Rybakina]] play each oda 18 times since 2019, wey Sabalenka dey lead dema head-to-head 10–8 whereas Rybakina dey lead de finals 5–2.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head Compare Stats & Match History – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/324166 |access-date=8 November 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Both players be known for dema aggressive baseline play, wey dey result in fast-paced den intense matches. Na dem face off insyd three major finals plus de 2023 Australian Open<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka holds off Rybakina to win Australian Open, first Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328084008/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |archive-date=28 March 2023 |access-date=18 April 2026 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wey Sabalenka win, den de 2026 Australian Open<ref>{{cite web |date=31 January 2026 |title=Rybakina outlasts Sabalenka in three sets to capture first Australian Open title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4442160/rybakina-earns-place-among-games-elites-with-first-australian-open-second-major-title |accessdate=31 January 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> den US Open both wey Rybakina win. Dema oda notable encounters dey include de 2023 BNP Paribas Open finals,<ref>{{cite web |title=The making of a great Rybakina-Sabalenka rivalry |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3117793/were-pushing-each-other-the-making-of-a-great-rybakina-sabalenka-rivalry |access-date=22 March 2025}}</ref> 2024 Madrid Open semifinal,<ref>{{cite web |title=Rivalry Rewind: Sabalenka and Rybakina's battles through the years |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3991425/rivalry-rewind-sabalenka-and-rybakina-s-battles-through-the-years |access-date=22 March 2025}}</ref> 2025 WTA Finals finals,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Hashim|first=Taha|date=8 November 2025|title=WTA Finals tennis: Elena Rybakina rocks Aryna Sabalenka to claim title – live|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2025/nov/08/wta-finals-tennis-aryna-sabalenka-elena-rybakina-final|access-date=8 November 2025|work=the Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> de 2026 BNP Paribas Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Powers |first=Shad |title=Sabalenka outlasts Rybakina for first BNP Paribas Open title in Indian Wells |url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/sports/tennis/bnp/2026/03/15/sabalenka-outlasts-rybakina-for-first-bnp-paribas-open-title-in-indian-wells/89169075007/ |access-date=15 March 2026 |website=The Desert Sun |language=en-US}}</ref> den de 2026 US Open final.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Murrells|first1=Katy|title=Aryna Sabalenka v Elena Rybakina: US Open 2026 women's singles final – live|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2026/sep/12/aryna-sabalenka-v-elena-rybakina-us-open-2026-womens-singles-final-live|access-date=12 September 2026|work=The Guardian|date=12 September 2026}}</ref> === Iga Świątek === Sabalenka den [[Iga Świątek]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek in control of de head-to-head at 8–5.<ref name="iga h2h">{{Cite web |title=Head To Head |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as becoming one of de greatest insyd women's tennis.<ref name=":52">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health}}</ref> Dema most praised matches include de 2024 Madrid Open final, wer Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets insyd 3 hours den 11 minutes, saving three championship points insyd de process, den de 2023 Madrid Open final, wer Sabalenka win insyd three sets insyd 2 hours den 25 minutes against Świątek to claim ein second Madrid title.<ref name=":32">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref name=":42">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka breaks through Swiatek's defense to win second Madrid title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3324192/sabalenka-breaks-through-swiatek-s-defense-to-win-second-madrid-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204055602/https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3324192/sabalenka-breaks-through-swiatek-s-defense-to-win-second-madrid-title |archive-date=4 December 2024 |access-date=25 November 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Sabalenka den Świątek play each oda at de 2025 French Open, wich Sabalenka win insyd three sets.<ref name="WTARG">{{cite web |date=5 June 2024 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Sabalenka den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 13 times since 2020, wey Sabalenka dey edge de head-to-head at 7–6.<ref name="coco h2h">{{Cite web |title=Head To Head |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/320760 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007094647/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/320760 |archive-date=7 October 2024 |access-date=4 October 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Dem play each oda multiple times at majors, de first be de 2023 US Open final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2023 |title=Coco Gauff to face Aryna Sabalenka in the US Open final after gutsy win |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/08/sport/coco-gauff-reaches-us-open-final-spt-intl/index.html |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=CNN Sports}}</ref> Sabalenka loose dat match despite winning de first set.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Coco Gauff wins first Grand Slam title: 2023 US Open Day 13 in review |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2023-09-09/coco_gauff_wins_first_grand_slam_title_2023_us_open_day_13_in_review.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920153633/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2023-09-09/coco_gauff_wins_first_grand_slam_title_2023_us_open_day_13_in_review.html |archive-date=20 September 2023 |access-date=30 November 2024 |website=US Open}}</ref> Sabalenka defeat Gauff at de 2024 Australian Open semifinals on ein way to defending de title.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka v Gauff: Streaks collide in AO 2024 semifinals |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/sabalenka-v-gauff-streaks-collide-ao-2024-semifinals |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2024 |title=Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open by defending champion Aryna Sabalenka |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/25/sport/coco-gauff-aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-tennis-spt-intl/index.html#:~:text=Coco%20Gauff%20was%20defeated%20by,in%20the%20Australian%20Open%20semifinals.&text=Coco%20Gauff's%20pursuit%20of%20back,semifinals%20of%20the%20Australian%20Open. |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127120004/https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/25/sport/coco-gauff-aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-tennis-spt-intl/index.html#:~:text=Coco%20Gauff%20was%20defeated%20by,in%20the%20Australian%20Open%20semifinals.&text=Coco%20Gauff's%20pursuit%20of%20back,semifinals%20of%20the%20Australian%20Open. |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=30 November 2024 |website=CNN Sports}}</ref> Sabalenka den Gauff san face off insyd de final of de 2025 French Open, wey Gauff overtake Sabalenka for ein first French Open Major Championship win den second Grand Slam overall.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=A champion's heart: Gauff defeats Sabalenka to win French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4280339/a-champions-heart-gauff-defeats-sabalenka-to-win-french-open |accessdate=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka go avenge dat loss by knocking Gauff out of de 2025 WTA Finals wer na Gauff be de defending champion.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Aryna Sabalenka eliminates Coco Gauff from WTA Finals, joins Jessica Pegula in semifinals |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-eliminates-coco-gauff-from-wta-finals-joins-jessica-pegula-in-semifinals |access-date=6 November 2025 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go meet Gauff for de first time insyd 2026 insyd de Miami finals, wer Sabalenka battle thru Gauff insyd three sets to win Miami for de second time, as well as de Sunshine Double.<ref name="WTAMiami2026">{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=28 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka wins Miami title to become first to complete Sunshine Double since 2022 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4478182/sabalenka-wins-miami-title-to-become-first-to-complete-sunshine-double-since-2022 |access-date=29 March 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> === Jessica Pegula === Sabalenka develop a fairly storied rivalry plus [[Jessica Pegula]]. Dema consistency on hard courts lead to dem frequently facing each other insyd de latter stages of events. De two meet 14 times since 2020, wey Sabalenka dey control de head-to-head 10–4.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/316956 |access-date=20 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Pegula go win dema first meeting insyd de third round of de 2020 Western & Southern Open insyd three sets. Dem go face off at de 2024 US Open final insyd wich Sabalenka go win 7–5, 7–5 to earn ein first US Open title.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=A champion's heart: Gauff defeats Sabalenka to win French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4280339/a-champions-heart-gauff-defeats-sabalenka-to-win-french-open |accessdate=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> De two go get a rematch of dema US Open final insyd de 2025 US Open semifinals, wer Sabalenka go win a close three-set match 4–6, 6–3, 6–4 on ein way to defending ein US Open title.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=15 August 2025 |title=Cincinnati Open: Stormy Rybakina stuns Sabalenka, advances to semi-finals |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/cincinnati-open-stormy-rybakina-stuns-sabalenka-advances-to-semi-finals-833144.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Pegula go snap Sabalenka ein 20-match winning streak as well as ein 2025 tiebreak record insyd dema following match insyd Wuhan, before pulling out a three-set win 2–6, 6–4, 7–6(2).<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=19 March 2023 |title=Rybakina tops Sabalenka to win Indian Wells title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530204200/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |archive-date=30 May 2023 |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Dem face each oda once more insyd de Riyadh 2025 WTA Finals, wer Sabalenka defeat Pegula insyd three sets. De pair dema first meeting on grass cam at de 2026 Berlin Tennis Open, wich Pegula win insyd three sets, bageling Sabalenka insyd de final set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2026 |title=Pegula advances to Berlin final with fourth career win over Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4522854/pegula-nears-second-berlin-crown-after-fourth-win-over-sabalenka-sends-her-into-final |access-date=20 June 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Jasmine Paolini === Sabalenka develop a recurring rivalry plus [[Jasmine Paolini]], wich she dey lead 6–2. Na de pair first meet at de 2017 Ilkley Trophy, wer Paolini defeat Sabalenka insyd three sets. Paolini later earn anoda notable win at de 2022 Indian Wells Open, defeating Sabalenka 2–6, 6–3, 6–3.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka vs Paolini H2H stats |url=https://tennis-minute.fr/matchs/722445 |access-date=25 April 2026 |website=Tennis Minute |language=fr}}</ref> Sabalenka otherwise control de matchup, winning dema later meetings at events wey dey include Beijing, de Miami Open, de Stuttgart Open, den de WTA Finals. Dema matches contrast Sabalenka ein power-based baseline game plus Paolini ein speed, court coverage, den ability to extend rallies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/319280 |access-date=25 April 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Amanda Anisimova === Sabalenka sanso develop a rivalry plus [[Amanda Anisimova]]. De pair play 11 times wey Sabalenka dey trail 5–6. Na dem meet six times insyd Grand Slams wey dey include 3 consecutive major contests insyd 2025 wer dem be tied 3–3. Anisimova defeat Sabalenka en route to ein first major semifinal at 2019 French Open<ref name="WTAAnisimova">{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title='It's super special ' – Anisimova shocks Sabalenka again, makes French Open third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-super-special-anisimova-shocks-sabalenka-again-makes-french-open-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102608/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-super-special-anisimova-shocks-sabalenka-again-makes-french-open-third-round |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=25 April 2026 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den also insyd de semifinal of 2025 Wimbledon<ref>{{cite web |title=Anisimova's moment: Beats Sabalenka to make first Wimbledon final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307894/anisimovas-moment-beats-sabalenka-to-make-first-slam-final-at-wimbledon |accessdate=25 April 2026 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> to reach ein first major final. Dem meet insyd de final of 2025 US Open wer na Sabalenka win 6–3, 7–6^(7–3) to win ein fourth major.<ref name="CBSUSOpen2025">{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Amanda Anisimova, winning 2nd straight U.S. Open final |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-open-women-final-winner-aryna-sabalenka-amanda-anisimova/ |access-date=25 April 2026 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> Insyd 2025, dem san meet insyd de semifinal to WTA Finals wey Sabalenka win.<ref name="OlympicsWTA2025">{{cite web |title=WTA Finals 2025: Aryna Sabalenka outlasts Amanda Anisimova to reach championship match |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/wta-finals-2025-aryna-sabalenka-reaches-final |access-date=25 April 2026}}</ref> == Playing style == [[File:Sydney_International_Tennis_WTA_Premier_(46000969795)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Sabalenka dey serve at de 2019 Sydney International]] Sabalenka be an aggressive baseliner wey ein game be characterised by a powerful serve den equally powerful groundstrokes. Ein game be based around taking control of points, plus a knack for turning defensive positions into offensive opportunities. Secof ein aggression, she usually dey hit a high number of both winners den unforced errors off ein groundstrokes, wich be hit plus relentless pace den depth.<ref name="style-against-pliskova2">{{Cite web |date=28 June 2018 |title=WTA Eastbourne: Aryna Sabalenka shocks Karolina Pliskova |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/57063/wta-eastbourne-aryna-sabalenka-shocks-karolina-pliskova/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102607/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/57063/wta-eastbourne-aryna-sabalenka-shocks-karolina-pliskova/ |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, she struck ein forehand at an average speed of 129&nbsp;km/h (80&nbsp;mph).<ref name="TennisBiomech">{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=The secret to an 80-mph forehand? Aryna Sabalenka talks technique, biomechanics in Wuhan |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/the-secret-to-an-80-mph-forehand-aryna-sabalenka-talks-technique-biomechanics-in-wuhan |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka ein big serve be central to ein game: insyd 2024 she win 62.7% of points on ein serve, ranking fifth among de players on tour, wey she win 78.5% of ein service games.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Stats {{!}} Latest Player & Match Statistics – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/stats/2024 |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Sabalenka ein improved consistency on serve be de key wich allow am to ascend to de top of de WTA rankings. Insyd de past, she struggle plus an inconsistent serve, leading to a high double fault count; she serve 166 double faults insyd 2020, de most of any player.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stats Hub 2020 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/stats/2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401022614/https://www.wtatennis.com/stats/2020 |archive-date=1 April 2020 |access-date=28 February 2021 |website=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She notably suffer from de yips from de 2021 WTA Finals den into 2022, serving 152 double faults insyd 11 matches, an average of 14 double faults a match.<ref name="Kane2022">{{Cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=18 January 2022 |title=Aryna Sabalenka's first serve: No. 2 seed conquers yips to survive Sanders, begin Australian Open campaign |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612105016/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |archive-date=12 June 2022 |access-date=28 July 2026 |website=[[Tennis (magazine)|Tennis]]}}</ref> Following de 2022 Canadian Open, she hire biomechanics expert Gavin Macmillan to revamp ein serve.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top 5 WTA Players of 2022: Sabalenka, Gauff and Rybakina earn honorable mentions |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-5-wta-players-of-2022-sabalenka-gauff-and-rybakina-earn-honorable-mentions |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka serve a total of 440 double faults insyd 2022, buh na ein serve quickly see improvements insyd 2023 under Macmillan ein guidance, wey e since cam be a reliable weapon.<ref name="TennisBiomech">{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=The secret to an 80-mph forehand? Aryna Sabalenka talks technique, biomechanics in Wuhan |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/the-secret-to-an-80-mph-forehand-aryna-sabalenka-talks-technique-biomechanics-in-wuhan |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> As Sabalenka ein game mature, she sanso develop better shot selection den more variety. Wen she first arrive on tour, na she sometimes be described as a player wey hit everything as hard as she fi. Insyd de summer of 2018, ein coach Dmitry Tursunov say na ein game already dey evolve, den, "''The major thing is she stopped trying [to] hit a winner with every shot''."<ref name="shot-selection2">{{Cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka's coach Tursunov speaks about her recent success |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/09/aryna-sabalenkas-coach-tursunov-speaks-about-her-recent-success/76653/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190908132554/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/09/aryna-sabalenkas-coach-tursunov-speaks-about-her-recent-success/76653/ |archive-date=8 September 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Sabalenka cam be increasingly willing to experiment plus variety on ein groundstrokes, den plus finishing more points at de net.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=8 September 2024|title=How Aryna Sabalenka owned her weaknesses to emerge as world's best|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/sep/08/how-aryna-sabalenka-owned-her-weaknesses-to-emerge-as-worlds-best|access-date=14 March 2026|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> During de 2024 clay season, she begin to incorporate more drop shots into ein game, wich pair well plus ein power from de baseline.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 November 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka, Drop Shot Queen – Heavy Topspin |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2024/11/04/aryna-sabalenka-drop-shot-queen/ |access-date=14 March 2026 |language=en-US}}</ref> Sabalenka primarily be known for ein success on hardcourt. Nineteen of ein twenty-two singles titles, wey dey include all four of ein major titles, she win on hardcourt, wich suit ein game secof ein consistent bounce den fast-paced play. However, she sanso be recognised as a consistent contender insyd de late stages of grass den clay court tournaments. She be particularly successful on faster clay courts, such as de Madrid Open, wer she win de title insyd 2021, 2023, den 2025.<ref name="WTAMadrid2021">{{Cite web |date=8 May 2021 |title=Sabalenka captures Madrid title in thriller over Barty |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326233615/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She sanso reach ein first major final on clay at de French Open insyd 2025. Sabalenka cam be increasingly notable for ein ability to win tiebreaks. Insyd 2025, she set an Open Era record for most tiebreaks wey a woman win insyd a single season, winning 22 out of 25 she play.<ref name="WTAIW2026">{{Cite web |date=12 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka tops Mboko for second time in 2026 to make Indian Wells semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4467765/sabalenka-tops-mboko-for-second-time-in-2026-to-make-indian-wells-semis |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dis include a streak of nineteen consecutive tiebreaks she win between February den October.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka, Goddess of the Tiebreak? – Heavy Topspin |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/09/10/aryna-sabalenka-goddess-of-the-tiebreak/ |access-date=14 March 2026 |language=en-US}}</ref> Insyd 2026, Sabalenka win ein twentieth consecutive tiebreak.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2026 |title=Australian Open 2026 results: Aryna Sabalenka to face Iva Jovic in quarter-finals |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce8gn94jq3jo |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> While Sabalenka be known for ein clutch factor insyd tiebreaks, she sanso loose a large number of closely-contested prominent matches, such as de 2025 French Open final den 2026 Australian Open final, wey she dey hold a 22–20 (52%) record insyd singles finals overall. Sabalenka frequently dey accompany ein shots plus loud grunting. She say, "''Honestly, I don't even hear myself when I am playing.''" She express ein hope say ein grunting no dey disturb ein opponents.<ref name="tennis-idols">{{Cite web |date=21 February 2018 |title=Aryna Sabalenka: 'I don't even hear myself when I am playing' |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/52138/aryna-sabalenka-i-don-t-even-hear-myself-when-i-am-playing-/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910014640/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/52138/aryna-sabalenka-i-don-t-even-hear-myself-when-i-am-playing-/ |archive-date=10 September 2018 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> At de Australian Open insyd 2018, de crowd mock ein habit insyd a match against Ashleigh Barty.<ref name="grunting">{{Cite news|last=Maasdorp|first=James|date=17 January 2018|title=Australian Open: Aryna Sabalenka's screams see crowd mock her grunts as Ashleigh Barty advances|work=ABC News|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-01-17/aus-open-spectators-rebel-against-screeching-sabalenka/9335120|access-date=19 January 2018|archive-date=26 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526123025/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-01-17/aus-open-spectators-rebel-against-screeching-sabalenka/9335120|url-status=live}}</ref> She be an expressive personality on court. == Coaches == Sabalenka work plus Khalil Ibrahimov for two years up til early 2018. At dis point, she begin dey work plus Swedish former professional tennis players [[Magnus Norman]] den [[Magnus Tideman]].<ref name="start-norman">{{Cite web |date=27 January 2018 |title=Aryna Sabalenka working with former Wawrinka's coach Magnus Norman |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/51386/aryna-sabalenka-working-with-former-wawrinka-s-coach-magnus-norman/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102608/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/51386/aryna-sabalenka-working-with-former-wawrinka-s-coach-magnus-norman/ |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref><ref name="tideman">{{Cite web |title=Interview: Aryna Sabalenka, Round 3 |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/interviews/2018-09-01/2018-09-02_interview_aryna_sabalenka_round_3.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102607/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/interviews/2018-09-01/2018-09-02_interview_aryna_sabalenka_round_3.html |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=US Open}}</ref> [[Dmitry Tursunov]] cam be ein primary coach in time for de grass court season insyd 2018.<ref name="start-tursunov">{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka prepares for déjà vu clash with Wozniacki in Montréal |url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/sabalenka-prepares-d%C3%A9j%C3%A0-vu-clash-wozniacki-montr%C3%A9al |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102648/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/sabalenka-prepares-d%C3%A9j%C3%A0-vu-clash-wozniacki-montr%C3%A9al |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka briefly split plus Tursunov after de 2019 US Open. Although na dem reunite later insyd de year, she make de split permanent at de end of de season. Sabalenka briefly work plus [[Dieter Kindlmann]] before switching coaches to ein longtime hitting partner den compatriot [[Anton Dubrov]], aged 25 at de time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Di Lorito |first=Paolo |date=22 September 2020 |title=È già finita la collaborazione tra Sabalenka e Kindlmann |trans-title=The collaboration between Sabalenka and Kindlmann has already ended |url=https://www.ubitennis.com/blog/2020/09/22/e-gia-finita-la-collaborazione-tra-sabalenka-e-kindlmann/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116184445/https://www.ubitennis.com/blog/2020/09/22/e-gia-finita-la-collaborazione-tra-sabalenka-e-kindlmann/ |archive-date=16 November 2020 |access-date=27 October 2020 |website=Ubi Tennis |language=it}}</ref><ref name="A24">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5500511/2024/05/24/aryna-sabalenka-team-coach/|title=Aryna Sabalenka's team: Serve mechanics, TikTok dances, and a phonecall|last=Futterman|first=Matthew|website=[[The Athletic]]|date=24 May 2024|access-date=24 May 2024|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Insys August 2022, Sabalenka hire biomechanics specialist Gavin MacMillan to improve on ein serve.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bodo|first1=Peter|title=How exactly did Aryna Sabalenka figure out her serve?|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-figure-out-her-serve-australian-open-2023-champion|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=30 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=The secret to an 80-mph forehand? Aryna Sabalenka talks technique, biomechanics in Wuhan|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/the-secret-to-an-80-mph-forehand-aryna-sabalenka-talks-technique-biomechanics-in-wuhan|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=11 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Trollope|first1=Matt|title=The story of when Aryna Sabalenka slayed her serving demons|url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/story-when-aryna-sabalenka-slayed-her-serving-demons|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Australian Open|date=10 December 2025}}</ref> Insyd 2025, Belarusian former professional tennis player den 10-time major doubles champion [[Max Mirnyi]] join Sabalenka ein coaching team as a consultant.<ref>{{cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=7 August 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka adds Max Mirnyi to coaching team for Cincinnati and U.S. Opens |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6540862/2025/08/07/tennis-aryna-sabalenka-coach-max-mirnyi/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> == Sponsorships == [[File:Sabalenka_RG19_(5)_(48199110567).jpg|right|thumb|Sabalenka sponsored by Nike for sportswear den Wilson for racquets]] Sabalenka be represented by IMG. Insyd January 2025, she depart from IMG wey she sign plus Evolve, a company wey [[Naomi Osaka]] co-found.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Fitzgerald|first1=Matt|title=Aryna Sabalenka departs IMG for Naomi Osaka's EVOLVE agency: "A multi-faceted icon with limitless potential"|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-departs-img-naomi-osaka-evolve-agency-limitless-potential-portfolio|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=4 January 2025}}</ref> Insyd 2017, Sabalenka sign a sponsorship deal plus Nike.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Teti|first1=Julia|title=Nike, Adidas and More: The Brands Worn by U.S. Open Women's Singles Champions|url=https://wwd.com/pop-culture/culture-news/us-open-womens-champions-tennis-kit-designs-1239148938/|access-date=30 August 2026|work=[[Women's Wear Daily|WWD]]|date=25 August 2026}}</ref> Nike create a custom outfit give am for de 2023 US Open.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Livaudais|first1=Stephanie|title=Aryna Sabalenka "serving some lewks" as she gets custom Nike outfit for US Open|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-serving-lewks-gets-custom-nike-outfit-for-us-open-endorsements|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=29 August 2023}}</ref> She dey use de Wilson Blade 98 18x20 for ein racquets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Geared Up: Aryna Sabalenka serves notice with the help of Wilson and Nike|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/geared-up-aryna-sabalenka-serves-notice-with-the-help-of-wilson-and-nike|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=11 May 2023}}</ref> She co-design de Wilson Blade 98 v9 Fighter Edition for ein run at de 2025 US Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fire Starter: How Aryna Sabalenka Custom-Designed Her US Open Racket |url=https://www.wilson.com/en-us/blog/tennis/fire-starter-how-aryna-sabalenka-custom-designed-us-open-racket |access-date=5 September 2026 |publisher=Wilson}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Levey|first1=Jon|title="It must have fire": Aryna Sabalenka helps create limited-edition Wilson Blade racquet|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wilson-blade-racquet-fighter|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=27 August 2025}}</ref> Insyd 2023, Sabalenka partner plus Maestro Dobel Tequila.<ref>{{cite news|title=US Open Signs Maestro Dobel as Its First Official Tequila Partner Beginning in 2023|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/us-open-signs-maestro-dobel-as-its-first-official-tequila-partner-beginning-in-2023-301898250.html|access-date=30 August 2026|work=[[PR Newswire]]|date=18 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Dobel Tequila serves up new "Marg-Aryna" cocktail with Sabalenka ahead of US Open|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/maestro-dobel-tequila-new-marg-aryna-sabalenka-signature-cocktail-cincinnati-us-open|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=19 August 2024}}</ref> Insyd 2024, Sabalenka partner plus superfood brand Oakberry<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka partners with Oakberry for her first signature açaí bowl|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-partners-with-oakberry-for-her-first-signature-acai-bowl|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=20 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=OAKBERRY and Tennis Superstar Aryna Sabalenka Serve Up the All-New Tiger Bowl|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/oakberry-and-tennis-superstar-aryna-sabalenka-serve-up-the-all-new-tiger-bowl-302390110.html|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[PR Newswire]]|date=3 March 2025}}</ref> den wearable technology brand Whoop,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Gupta|first1=Megha|title=Inside Aryna Sabalenka's US Open Preparation with WHOOP|url=https://www.si.com/onsi/serve/interviews/inside-aryna-sabalenka-us-open-preparation-with-whoop|access-date=30 August 2026|work=[[Sports Illustrated]]|date=20 August 2025}}</ref> wey she join [[Audemars Piguet]] as paddie of de brand.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Livaudais|first1=Stephanie|title=Aryna Sabalenka inks "powerful new partnership" with Audemars Piguet|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-powerful-new-partnership-audemars-piguet-luxury-watch-timepieces-friend-brand|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=18 October 2024}}</ref> Insyd 2025, Sabalenka cam be a global ambassador den minority shareholder of IM8, a health‑supplement brand wey former footballer [[David Beckham]] co‑found, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Метлёва |first=Яна |title=Арина Соболенко вслед за Дэвидом Бекхэмом стала амбассадором I•M•8 |url=https://www.championat.com/tennis/news-6066370-arina-sobolenko-vsled-za-devidom-bekhemom-stala-ambassadorom-iomo8.html |access-date=21 July 2025 |website=www.championat.com |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 July 2025 |title=Sabalenka joins IM8 as investor, ambassador |url=https://www.sportsbusinessjournal.com/Articles/2025/06/26/aryna-sabalenka-joins-david-beckhams-im8-as-investor-ambassador/ |access-date=21 July 2025 |website=Sports Business Journal |language=en}}</ref> wey she partner plus hydration beverage brand Electrolit.<ref>{{cite news|title=WTA No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka Taps Electrolit as Official Hydration Partner|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/wta-no-1-aryna-sabalenka-taps-electrolit-as-official-hydration-partner-302522166.html|access-date=30 August 2026|work=[[PR Newswire]]|date=5 August 2025}}</ref> hj98zdcxr506bzzyxjyt4x5o2dyi79h 112296 112293 2026-09-24T16:02:58Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "Personal life" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375886951|Aryna Sabalenka]]" 112296 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Aryna Siarhiejeŭna Sabalenka''' (born 5 May 1998) be a Belarusian professional tennis player. Na she be ranked de world No. 1 insyd women's singles by de Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for a total of 107 weeks (tenth-most of all time), wey she fini as de year-end No. 1 twice (2024, 2025). Sabalenka win 24 career singles titles, wey dey include two titles at de Australian Open den two at de US Open, as well as eleven WTA 1000 events. She sanso be a former world No. 1 insyd women's doubles wey na she win six doubles titles, wey dey include de 2019 US Open den 2021 Australian Open, both plus [[Elise Mertens]]. Sabalenka cam to prominence insyd 2017 wen she den [[Aliaksandra Sasnovich]] lead de Belarus Fed Cup team to a runner-up finish despite dem both be ranked outsyd de top 75 at de time. She fini 2018 den 2019 ranked world No. 11 insyd singles. Following two major singles semifinal appearances insyd 2021, Sabalenka rise to world No. 2 buh she struggle to maintain dat success insyd 2022 consistently. Insyd 2023, she win ein first major singles title at de Australian Open, she fini runner-up at de US Open, wey she obtain de world No. 1 ranking for de first time. Insyd 2024, Sabalenka defend ein Australian Open title wey she win a third major singles title at de US Open, finishing as de year-end No. 1 for de first time. Insyd 2025, she defend ein title at de US Open wey na she be runner-up at de Australian den French Opens, holding de No. 1 position for de entire season. Insyd 2026, she reach two major singles finals (Australian Open den US Open) wey she plete de Sunshine Double (winning Indian Wells den Miami back-to-back). Also insyd 2026, Sabalenka win de Laureus World Sports Award for Sportswoman of de Year. Sabalenka begin dey play doubles regularly insyd 2019. Plus Mertens as ein partner, she find instant success by winning de Sunshine Double (Indian Wells den Miami) dat same year. Na dem win de US Open later insyd de season, wey Sabalenka qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time. After she den Mertens win dema second major title at de Australian Open insyd 2021, Sabalenka cam be de doubles world No. 1, after wich she shift to playing exclusively singles. == Early life den background == Na dem born Sabalenka insyd Minsk, de capital of Belarus. Na ein poppie, Sergey (he die 2019), be an ice hockey player. Sabalenka start dey play tennis by chance. She say, "''One day, my dad was just driving me somewhere in the car, and he saw tennis courts on the way. So he took me to the courts. I liked it and enjoyed it, and that's how it was. That's how it started''." She begin dey train at de National Tennis Academy insyd Minsk wen dem open am insyd 2014.<ref name="first-post">{{Cite web |date=27 November 2017 |title=Meet Aryna Sabalenka, the 19-year-old rising star from Belarus, who won her first WTA title at Mumbai Open |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/meet-aryna-sabalenka-the-19-year-old-rising-star-from-belarus-who-won-her-first-wta-title-at-mumbai-open-4229395.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123180953/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/meet-aryna-sabalenka-the-19-year-old-rising-star-from-belarus-who-won-her-first-wta-title-at-mumbai-open-4229395.html |archive-date=23 November 2020 |access-date=5 September 2018 |website=First Post}}</ref><ref name="tut-2017">{{Cite web |last=Михалевич |first=Юрий |title="Может, мне удастся стать кем-то вроде Серены", или Что мы знаем про теннисистку Арину Соболенко |url=https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/541113.html?crnd=5515 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126020709/https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/541113.html?crnd=5515 |archive-date=26 November 2020 |access-date=5 September 2018 |website=Tut.by |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 October 2014 |title=Belarus Tennis Academy opens in Minsk |url=https://eng.belta.by/sport/view/belarus-tennis-academy-opens-in-minsk-7626-2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106153322/https://eng.belta.by/sport/view/belarus-tennis-academy-opens-in-minsk-7626-2014 |archive-date=6 January 2019 |access-date=6 January 2019 |website=Belta.by}}</ref> Insyd 2015, de Belarusian Tennis Federation persuade Sabalenka den ein team to focus on playing low-level professional events instead of junior tournaments, even though na she still be eligible to compete at de junior level.<ref name="tut-2016">{{Cite web |title=Шакутин рассказал о соперничестве двух главных надежд белорусского женского тенниса |url=https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/492733.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417201150/https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/492733.html |archive-date=17 April 2016 |access-date=5 September 2018 |website=Tut.by |language=ru}}</ref> == Career == === 2017: WTA 125 title, top 100 === Sabalenka start de year ranked No. 73 insyd doubles.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref> She begin dey partner plus Elise Mertens insyd January, wen de pair loose to top seeds [[Barbora Krejčíková]] den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd de third round of de Australian Open. Na dem get dema breakthru insyd March at de two Premier Mandatory tournaments. Insyd only dema second tournament togeda, Sabalenka den Mertens win de Indian Wells Open. Dem defeat three of de top five seeds insyd de event, wey dey include second seeds [[Tímea Babos]] den [[Kristina Mladenovic]] insyd de first round den top seeds Krejčíková den Siniaková insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Elise Mertens and Aryna Sabalenka Capture 2019 BNP Paribas Open Doubles Title|work=BNP Paribas Open|url=https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/elise-mertens-and-aryna-sabalenka-capture-2019-bnp-paribas-open-doubles-title/|access-date=20 March 2019|archive-date=29 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029202737/https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/elise-mertens-and-aryna-sabalenka-capture-2019-bnp-paribas-open-doubles-title/|url-status=live}}</ref> De pair match dis success at dena next event by winning de Miami Open to plete de Sunshine Double. Dem defeat three of de top six seeds, wey dey include third seeds [[Hsieh Su-wei]] den [[Barbora Strýcová]] insyd de second round. Dem win de final against sixth seeds Samantha Stosur den Zhang Shuai.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Juzwiak |first=Jason |date=31 March 2019 |title=Mertens & Sabalenka win 10th straight match to claim Miami title and Sunshine Double |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-win-10th-straight-match-claim-miami-title-and-sunshine-double |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102609/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-win-10th-straight-match-claim-miami-title-and-sunshine-double |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=30 May 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, Sabalenka rise to No. 21 insyd de world.<ref name="SabWtaRnk" /> Sabalenka den Mertens continue to partner togeda thru out de year, entering eleven events before de year-end championships. Na Sabalenka no get much success insyd de Grand Slam singles events, buh she produce much better results insyd doubles. Sabalenka den Mertens reach de semifinals at de French Open, losing to second seeds Babos den Mladenovic.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mladenovic seals doubles No.1, place in French Open final with Babos |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mladenovic-seals-doubles-no1-place-french-open-final-babos |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607164132/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mladenovic-seals-doubles-no1-place-french-open-final-babos |archive-date=7 June 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Dem then reach de quarterfinals at Wimbledon, losing to third seeds Hsieh den Strýcová.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 June 2019 |title=Hsieh, Strycova finesse tames Mertens, Sabalenka firepower to reach Wimbledon SFs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hsieh-strycova-finesse-tames-mertens-sabalenka-firepower-reach-wimbledon-sfs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103080846/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hsieh-strycova-finesse-tames-mertens-sabalenka-firepower-reach-wimbledon-sfs |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na dese be Sabalenka ein first two appearances insyd at least de quarterfinals at a Grand Slam event. Sabalenka den Mertens get dema best result of de year at de US Open. As de fourth seed at de event, dem make am to de final widout playing anoda top-ten-seeded team. Insyd fe final, dem face eighth seeds Victoria Azarenka den Ashleigh Barty, de latter of whom win de title a year earlier plus CoCo Vandeweghe. Sabalenka den Mertens defeat Azarenka den Barty insyd straight sets for dema first Grand Slam title insyd any discipline.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Juzwiak |first1=Jason |date=8 September 2019 |title=Mertens, Sabalenka capture first Grand Slam title in women's doubles at US Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-capture-first-grand-slam-title-womens-doubles-us-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925124801/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/mertens-sabalenka-capture-first-grand-slam-title-womens-doubles-us-open |archive-date=25 September 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis title, Sabalenka make ein top 10 debut insyd doubles at No. 6 insyd de world.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref> Sabalenka den Mertens make one more final during de year, finishing runner-up at de Wuhan Open, wer Sabalenka win de singles title.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Chiesa |first1=Victoria |date=28 September 2019 |title=Kudermetova and Duan win Wuhan in team debut: 'It's an unbelievable week' |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/kudermetova-and-duan-win-wuhan-team-debut-its-unbelievable-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191003111214/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/kudermetova-and-duan-win-wuhan-team-debut-its-unbelievable-week |archive-date=3 October 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Dema three big titles help dem win de Race to Shenzhen den qualify for de WTA Finals as de top seeds. Before de event, Sabalenka den Mertens move up to No. 2 den No. 3 insyd de rankings, respectively, behind only world No. 1, Barbora Strýcová.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, na de pair be placed insyd a round robin group plus third seeds Babos den Mladenovic, fifth seeds [[Chan Hao-ching]] den [[Latisha Chan]], as well as eighth seeds [[Anna-Lena Grönefeld]] den [[Demi Schuurs]]. Insyd dema opening match, na dem be upset by Grönefeld den Schuurs insyd a match tiebreak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Groenefeld, Schuurs make up for lost time at WTA Finals: 'It's something we can be proud of' |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/groenefeld-schuurs-make-lost-time-wta-finals-%E2%80%98it%E2%80%99s-something-we-can-be-proud-%E2%80%99 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103080844/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/groenefeld-schuurs-make-lost-time-wta-finals-%E2%80%98it%E2%80%99s-something-we-can-be-proud-%E2%80%99 |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After defeating de Chan sisters, Sabalenka den Mertens loose to Babos den Mladenovic insyd anoda match tiebreak. Na dem no advance out of dema group.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Juzwiak |first1=Jason |date=30 October 2019 |title=Babos-Mladenovic move into semifinals as WTA Finals doubles draw takes shape |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/babos-mladenovic-move-semifinals-wta-finals-doubles-draw-takes-shape |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103080842/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/babos-mladenovic-move-semifinals-wta-finals-doubles-draw-takes-shape |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: Premier 5 title === Sabalenka start de season at de Shenzhen Open. She defeat qualifier [[Margarita Betova|Margarita Gasparyan]]<ref>{{cite news|title='Step by step and I'll see what happens' - Defending champ Sabalenka sizzles in Shenzhen return|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1562336/step-by-step-and-ill-see-what-happens-defending-champ-sabalenka-sizzles-in-shenzhen-return|access-date=14 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=6 January 2020}}</ref> before losing to [[Kristýna Plíšková]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Kristyna Pliskova dethrones Sabalenka to reach Shenzhen QF|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1562885/kristyna-pliskova-dethrones-sabalenka-to-reach-shenzhen-qf|access-date=14 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=7 January 2020}}</ref> At de Adelaide International, Sabalenka upset No. 4 Simona Halep to reach de semifinals,<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2020 |title=Sabalenka shocks Halep in Adelaide upset |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1572902/sabalenka-shocks-halep-in-adelaide-upset |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112214223/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1572902/sabalenka-shocks-halep-in-adelaide-upset |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer she loose to Dayana Yastremska insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Yastremska stops Sabalenka for first Premier final in Adelaide|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1573603/yastremska-stops-sabalenka-for-first-premier-final-in-adelaide#:~:text=%2C%206%2D4%2C%207%2D,her%20post%2Dmatch%20press%20conference.|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=17 January 2020}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de first round to Carla Suárez Navarro.<ref>{{cite news|title=Unseeded & Unfazed, Melbourne Day 3: Suarez Navarro, Goerges impress|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/unseeded-unfazed-melbourne-day-3-suarez-navarro-goerges-impress|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=22 January 2020}}</ref> She enjoy moderate success insyd doubles, reaching de quarterfinals plus Elise Mertens before losing to de Chan sisters. At de Dubai Championships, Sabalenka defeat Maria Sakkari den Elise Mertens to reach de quarterfinals, wer she loose to No. 2 Simona Halep insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Halep surges past Sabalenka, into Dubai semifinals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1616721/halep-surges-past-sabalenka-into-dubai-semifinals#:~:text=To%20earn%20her%20third%20victory,semifinal%20in%20Dubai%20since%202015.|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=20 February 2020}}</ref> At de Qatar Open, Sabalenka defeat Anett Kontaveit, No. 20 Maria Sakkari, Zheng Saisai<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka swirls past Zheng in gusty Doha quarterfinal|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1626804/sabalenka-swirls-past-zheng-in-gusty-doha-quarterfinal|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=27 February 2020}}</ref> den Svetlana Kuznetsova<ref>{{cite news|title=Confident Sabalenka moves into Doha final by dispatching Kuznetsova|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1628078/confident-sabalenka-moves-into-doha-final-by-dispatching-kuznetsova|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=28 February 2020}}</ref> to reach de final. Insyd de final, she defeat No. 11 Petra Kvitová insyd straight sets to win ein third Premier 5 title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka surges past Kvitova to sixth title in Doha|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1630232/sabalenka-surges-past-kvitova-to-sixth-title-in-doha|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=29 February 2020}}</ref> After de COVID-19 pandemic shut down de WTA Tour, Sabalenka enter de Top Seed Open insyd August. She defeat [[Madison Brengle]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka advances in Lexington as WTA Tour returns to US|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/sports/sabalenka-advances-in-lexington-as-wta-tour-returns-to-us-idUSKCN25703W/|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=11 August 2020}}</ref> before falling to [[Coco Gauff]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Gauff surges to Sabalenka upset in Lexington|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1752475/gauff-surges-to-sabalenka-upset-in-lexington|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=12 August 2020}}</ref> Insyd Cincinnati, she defeat qualifier [[CiCi Bellis]] before losing to qualifier [[Jessica Pegula]]. At de US Open, she defeat [[Océane Dodin]] before losing to Victoria Azarenka.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka books Azarenka clash in US Open second round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1802710/sabalenka-books-azarenka-clash-in-us-open-second-round|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 September 2020}}</ref> Na she get moderate success insyd doubles, reaching de quarterfinals of both events. Ein results begin to improve on clay. At de Internationaux de Strasbourg, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Ellen Perez]], [[Anna Blinkova]], den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] to reach de semifinals, wer she loose to No. 5 Elina Svitolina insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2020 |title=Svitolina surges to Strasbourg semifinal win over Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1841593/svitolina-surges-to-strasbourg-semifinal-win-over-sabalenka |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112044728/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1841593/svitolina-surges-to-strasbourg-semifinal-win-over-sabalenka |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, she defeat Jessica Pegula den [[Daria Kasatkina]] before losing to [[Ons Jabeur]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 October 2020 |title=Jabeur slips past Sabalenka at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1851447/jabeur-slips-past-sabalenka-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112130149/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1851447/jabeur-slips-past-sabalenka-at-french-open |archive-date=12 January 2021 |access-date=10 January 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Sabalenka enter two indoor hard-court events at de end of 2020. At de Ostrava Open, she cam from a set down to defeat qualifiers Coco Gauff den [[Sara Sorribes Tormo]]. She defeat [[Jennifer Brady]]<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dimon|first1=Ricky|title=Ostrava WTA recap: Sabalenka’s roller-coaster ride to the title|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/ostrava-wta-recap-sabalenka-roller-coaster-title-300507.html|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=25 October 2020}}</ref> den No. 14 Victoria Azarenka insyd straight sets to win ein second title of de season. <ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka cruises past Victoria Azarenka to win Ostrava Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30188688/aryna-sabalenka-cruises-victoria-azarenka-win-ostrava-open|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=25 October 2020}}</ref> At de same tournament, she sanso win de doubles event plus Elise Mertens, defeating [[Gabriela Dabrowski]] den [[Luisa Stefani]] insyd de final. At de Linz Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Jasmine Paolini]] den qualifiers Stefanie Vögele den Océane Dodin to reach de semifinals. She defeat [[Barbora Krejčíková]] to reach de final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka survives tussle against Krejcikova to secure Top 10 finish|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-survives-tussle-against-krejcikova-to-secure-top-10-finish|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=14 November 2020}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat No. 21 Elise Mertens insyd straight sets to capture ein third title of de season.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka defeats Mertens in Linz to capture third 2020 title|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-defeats-mertens-in-linz-to-capture-third-2020-title|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=15 November 2020}}</ref> For de first time, she fini de year at de top 10.<ref>{{cite news|title=WTA releases 2020 Year-End Rankings|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1898097/wta-releases-2020-year-end-rankings|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=16 November 2020}}</ref> === 2021: Major semifinals, singles No. 2, doubles No. 1 === [[File:Sabalenka_RG21_(30)_(51375296612).jpg|left|thumb|Sabalenka at de 2021 French Open]] Sabalenka enter ein first tournament insyd 2021 at de Abu Dhabi Open. She defeat Polona Hercog, Ajla Tomljanović, den Ons Jabeur,<ref>{{Cite news|date=10 January 2021|title=Sabalenka reaches Abu Dhabi quarterfinals with revenge win over Jabeur|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-reaches-abu-dhabi-quarterfinals-with-revenge-win-over-jabeur|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat No. 19 Elena Rybakina insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat No. 22 Maria Sakkari<ref>{{Cite news|last=Berkok|first=John|date=12 January 2021|title=Ruthless Sabalenka wins 14th match in a row, reaches Abu Dhabi final|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ruthless-sabalenka-wins-14th-match-in-a-row-reaches-abu-dhabi-final|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> den [[Veronika Kudermetova]] insyd straight sets to win ein third straight WTA title, wey dey extend ein winning streak to 15 matches deb catapulting am to a new ranking of No. 7.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Superb Sabalenka storms to third straight title in Abu Dhabi |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1972336/superb-sabalenka-storms-to-third-straight-title-in-abu-dhabi |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Viktória Hrunčáková]], Daria Kasatkina, den [[Ann Li (tennis)|Ann Li]] to reach de fourth round, wer she loose to No. 11 [[Serena Williams]] insyd three sets. Nonetheless, at de same tournament, Sabalenka win ein second major doubles title plus Elise Mertens, defeating Barbora Krejčíková den Kateřina Siniaková insyd de final.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Imhoff|first1=Dan|title=Sabalenka/Mertens storm to women’s doubles crown|url=https://ausopen.com/articles/match-report/sabalenkamertens-storm-womens-doubles-crown|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Australian Open|date=19 February 2021}}</ref> By winning de title, she ascend to world No. 1 insyd de doubles rankings for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka captures WTA World No.1 doubles ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2039721/sabalenka-captures-wta-world-no-1-doubles-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210223224358/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2039721/sabalenka-captures-wta-world-no-1-doubles-ranking |archive-date=23 February 2021 |access-date=5 February 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> As de defending champion at de Qatar Open, Sabalenka loose ein opening match to Garbiñe Muguruza.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2022 |title=Garbiñe Muguruza edges Aryna Sabalenka in Doha epic |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/garbine-muguruza-edges-aryna-sabalenka-in-doha-epic |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210222034/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/garbine-muguruza-edges-aryna-sabalenka-in-doha-epic |archive-date=10 February 2022 |access-date=10 February 2022 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Dubai Championships, Sabalenka defeat [[Alizé Cornet]] den No. 24 Anett Kontaveit to reach de quarterfinals, wer she san loose to No. 16 Garbiñe Muguruza insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 February 2022 |title=Muguruza repeats in Sabalenka thriller, Mertens awaits in Dubai |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/muguruza-repeats-in-sabalenka-thriller-mertens-awaits-in-dubai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220210222537/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/muguruza-repeats-in-sabalenka-thriller-mertens-awaits-in-dubai |archive-date=10 February 2022 |access-date=10 February 2022 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Miami Open, Sabalenka cam from a set down to defeat qualifier [[Tsvetana Pironkova]] insyd ein opening match. She defeat Veronika Kudermetova den No. 20 Markéta Vondroušová insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to world No. 1 Ashleigh Barty insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ash Barty reaches Miami Open semifinals with three-set win over Aryna Sabalenka|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/31167448/ash-barty-reaches-miami-open-semifinals-three-set-win-aryna-sabalenka|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=30 March 2021}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein clay season at de Stuttgart Open. She defeat Zhang Shuai den qualifier [[Anna-Lena Friedsam]], widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Anett Kontaveit insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She upset No. 3 Simona Halep insyd straight sets to reach de final. Insyd de final, she san loose to world No. 1 Ashleigh Barty insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Stuttgart Open: World number one Ashleigh Barty beats Aryna Sabalenka in final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/56877716|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=25 April 2021}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Vera Zvonareva, Daria Kasatkina, den Jessica Pegula, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Swing free and prosper: Sabalenka powers past Pegula in Madrid|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/swing-free-and-prosper-sabalenka-powers-past-pegula-in-madrid|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=4 May 2021}}</ref> She reach de semifinals as No. 16 Elise Mertens retired while trailing by a set.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Tignor|first1=Steve|title=Aryna Sabalenka builds steam through clay-court surge in Madrid|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-builds-steam-through-clay-court-surge-in-madrid|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=5 May 2021}}</ref> She defeat [[Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova]] insyd straight sets to reach ein second consecutive final on clay.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Sabalenka storms into second consecutive clay-court final in Madrid|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-storms-into-second-consecutive-clay-court-final-in-madrid|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=6 May 2021}}</ref> Insyd de final, she upset world No. 1 Ashleigh Barty insyd three sets to win ein tenth WTA title den first on clay.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats top-ranked Ashleigh Barty to win Madrid Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/31411768/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-top-ranked-ashleigh-barty-win-madrid-open|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=8 May 2021}}</ref> As a result, ein ranking move go world No. 4.<ref name="WTAMadrid2021">{{Cite web |date=8 May 2021 |title=Sabalenka captures Madrid title in thriller over Barty |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326233615/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> At de Italian Open, Sabalenka defeat Sara Sorribes Tormo before losing to Coco Gauff.<ref>{{cite news|title=American teen Gauff stuns Madrid champion Sabalenka in Rome|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/american-teen-gauff-stuns-madrid-open-champion-sabalenka-in-rome-405469.html|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=13 May 2021}}</ref> At de French Open, she defeat qualifier [[Ana Konjuh]] den Aliaksandra Sasnovich before losing to Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova.<ref>{{cite news|title=French Open tennis – Aryna Sabalenka's title hopes over at Roland Garros after Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova loss|url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/roland-garros/2021/french-open-tennis-number-three-seed-aryna-sabalenka-crashes-out-to-anastasia-pavlyuchenkova-after-t_sto8354420/story.shtml|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[TNT Sports]]|date=4 June 2021}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein grass season at de German Open. She loose ein opening match against Madison Keys.<ref>{{cite news|title=Madison Keys edges Aryna Sabalenka in Berlin second round|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/keys-upsets-top-seeded-sabalenka-to-reach-german-open-qfs|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=16 June 2021}}</ref> Nonetheless, Sabalenka den ein compatriot Victoria Azarenka win de doubles event, defeating de top-seeded pair of Demi Schuurs den [[Nicole Melichar]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2021 |title=Azarenka and Sabalenka Sent Out Tokyo Olympics 2021 Warnings After Claiming WTA Berlin Title |url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/victoria-azarenka-and-aryna-sabalenka-sent-out-tokyo-olympics-2021-warnings-after-claiming-wta-berlin-title-tennis-news/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202149/https://www.essentiallysports.com/victoria-azarenka-and-aryna-sabalenka-sent-out-tokyo-olympics-2021-warnings-after-claiming-wta-berlin-title-tennis-news/ |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=21 June 2021}}</ref> At de Eastbourne International, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Bernarda Pera]] den Alison Riske-Amritraj, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to qualifier Camila Giorgi insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Giorgi takes seesaw battle over Sabalenka in Eastbourne QFs|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2178203/giorgi-takes-seesaw-battle-over-sabalenka-in-eastbourne-qfs|access-date=29 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=24 June 2021}}</ref> At de Wimbledon Championships, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Monica Niculescu insyd de first round. Insyd de second round, she cam from a set down to defeat wildcard entrant Katie Boulter. Insyd de third round, she defeat qualifier [[Camila Osorio]]. She defeat No. 20 [[Elena Rybakina]] insyd three sets to reach ein first major quarterfinal.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka overpowers Elena Rybakina at Wimbledon, books maiden major quarterfinal against Ons Jabeur|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-grand-slam-quarterfinal-ons-jabeur-wimbledon|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=5 July 2021}}</ref> She defeat No. 24 Ons Jabeur insyd straight sets to reach ein first major semifinal, becoming de third Belarusian woman to reach Wimbledon semifinals following [[Natasha Zvereva]] insyd 1998 den Victoria Azarenka insyd 2011 den 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 July 2021 |title=Sabalenka passes Jabeur test; Pliskova sails past Golubic into Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2184833/sabalenka-passes-jabeur-test-pliskova-sails-past-golubic-into-wimbledon-semis |access-date=15 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to No. 13 [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pliskova grabs comeback win over Sabalenka to make first Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2186147/pliskova-grabs-comeback-win-over-sabalenka-to-make-first-wimbledon-final|access-date=29 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 July 2021}}</ref> As a result, she reach a career-high ranking of No. 3.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=12 July 2021 |title=Ranking Reaction: Shapovalov back in Top 10, Sabalenka up to No. 3 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-shapovalov-back-in-top-10-sabalenka-up-to-no-3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210712130125/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-shapovalov-back-in-top-10-sabalenka-up-to-no-3 |archive-date=12 July 2021 |access-date=11 September 2023 |work=tennis.com}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein North American hard court season at de Canadian Open. She defeat wildcard entrants [[Sloane Stephens]] den [[Rebecca Marino]] to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat No. 15 Victoria Azarenka to reach de semifinals,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka stops compatriot Azarenka to reach Montreal semis|url=https://apnews.com/article/sports-canada-tennis-montreal-0868aacd079053298f3dee250f297163|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[Associated Press]]|date=14 August 2021}}</ref> wer she san loose to No. 6 Karolína Plíšková insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=14 August 2021 |title=Karolina Pliskova plays clean match to defeat Aryna Sabalenka in Montreal |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-pliskova-plays-clean-match-to-defeat-aryna-sabalenka-in-montreal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925223704/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-pliskova-plays-clean-match-to-defeat-aryna-sabalenka-in-montreal |archive-date=25 September 2023 |access-date=15 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, she loose ein opening-round match against [[Paula Badosa]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 August 2021 |title=Upsets galore in Cincinnati as Aryna Sabalenka, Elina Svitolina, Iga Swiatek, Bianca Andreescu lose |url=https://www.tennis365.com/wta-tour/upsets-galore-cincinnati-aryna-sabalenka-elina-svitolina-iga-swiatek-bianca-andreescu-lose |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210916150907/https://www.tennis365.com/wta-tour/upsets-galore-cincinnati-aryna-sabalenka-elina-svitolina-iga-swiatek-bianca-andreescu-lose/ |archive-date=16 September 2021 |access-date=16 September 2021}}</ref> Despite de loss, she reach a career-high ranking of No. 2.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=23 August 2021 |title=Ranking Reaction: Aryna Sabalenka passes Naomi Osaka for No. 2 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-aryna-sabalenka-passes-naomi-osaka-for-no-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240211095615/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-aryna-sabalenka-passes-naomi-osaka-for-no-2 |archive-date=11 February 2024 |access-date=11 September 2023 |work=tennis.com}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Nina Stojanović]] insyd de first round insyd three sets. She defeat [[Tamara Zidanšek]], No. 29 Danielle Collins, No. 16 Elise Mertens,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka defeats Mertens in straight sets in U.S. Open fourth round|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/sabalenka-defeats-mertens-straight-sets-us-open-fourth-round-2021-09-06/|access-date=29 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=6 September 2021}}</ref> den No. 9 Barbora Krejčíková, widout dropping a set, to reach ein second major semifinal.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka charges past Krejcikova to reach US Open semis|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2246150/sabalenka-charges-past-krejcikova-to-reach-us-open-semis|access-date=29 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 September 2021}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to [[Leylah Fernandez]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2021 |title=Fearless Fernandez battles past Sabalenka into first Grand Slam final at US Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2247811/fearless-fernandez-battles-past-sabalenka-into-first-grand-slam-final-at-us-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910024839/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2247811/fearless-fernandez-battles-past-sabalenka-into-first-grand-slam-final-at-us-open |archive-date=10 September 2021 |access-date=13 September 2021 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Secof a positive COVID-19 test, na Sabalenka no be able to play at Indian Wells.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Sabalenka withdraws from Indian Wells|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/58778566|archive-date=5 February 2023|access-date=5 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205044951/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/58778566|url-status=live}}</ref> Sabalenka qualify for de WTA Finals insyd singles for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|title=First qualifiers announced for 2021 WTA Finals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2257737/first-qualifiers-announced-for-2021-wta-finals|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=20 September 2021}}</ref> She defeat [[Iga Świątek]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Aryna Sabalenka fights past Iga Swiatek to secure first WTA Finals win and remain in semifinal contention|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-edges-iga-swiatek-for-first-wta-finals-win-semifinal-contention|access-date=29 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=14 November 2021}}</ref> buh na she be eliminated by Paula Badosa<ref>{{cite news|last1=Drucker|first1=Joel|title=Aryna Sabalenka is rusty, and Paula Badosa wins in a round-robin rout at WTA Finals|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wta-finals-2021-round-robin-preview|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=11 November 2021}}</ref> den Maria Sakkari<ref>{{cite news|last1=Berkok|first1=John|title=Maria Sakkari outlasts Aryna Sabalenka to clinch last spot in final four at WTA Finals|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sakkari-outlasts-sabalenka-to-clinch-last-spot-in-final-four-at-wta-finals|access-date=27 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=16 November 2021}}</ref> insyd de round-robin stage. === 2022: US Open semifinal === Sabalenka struggle plus ein serve at de beginning of 2022. At de Adelaide International 1, she loose ein opening match against [[Kaja Juvan]];<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=After hitting 18 double faults, Aryna Sabalenka loses season opener to Kaja Juvan in Adelaide |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/second-ranked-sabalenka-loses-her-season-opening-match |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627114452/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/second-ranked-sabalenka-loses-her-season-opening-match |archive-date=27 June 2022 |access-date=27 June 2022 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> at de Adelaide International 2, she loose ein first round to qualifier [[Rebecca Peterson]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Peterson stuns top seed as Sabalenka’s service woes continue in Adelaide|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/sabalenka-s-service-woes-continue-as-peterson-stuns-top-seed-in-adelaide|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=11 January 2022}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she manage to dig out three-set wins against wildcard entrant [[Storm Sanders]],<ref name="Kane2022">{{Cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=18 January 2022 |title=Aryna Sabalenka's first serve: No. 2 seed conquers yips to survive Sanders, begin Australian Open campaign |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612105016/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |archive-date=12 June 2022 |access-date=28 July 2026 |website=[[Tennis (magazine)|Tennis]]}}</ref> [[Wang Xinyu]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Johnson|first1=Abbey|title=Australian Open: Aryna Sabalenka evades upset exodus; beats Xinyu Wang to reach 3R|url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/108015/australian-open-aryna-sabalenka-evades-upset-exodus-beats-xinyu-wang-to-reach-3r/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis World|date=20 January 2022}}</ref> den Markéta Vondroušová,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kemp|first1=Emma|title=Sabalenka too good for Vondrousova but Inglis run ended by Kanepi|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2022/jan/22/sabalenka-too-good-for-vondrousova-but-inglis-run-ended-by-kanepi-australian-open-tennis|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=22 January 2022}}</ref> buh she loose insyd de fourth round to [[Kaia Kanepi]] insyd a three-set match, wich end insyd a third-set super-tiebreak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Swiatek surges past Cirstea, Kanepi upsets Sabalenka to make Australian Open quarters |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2462425/swiatek-surges-past-cirstea-kanepi-upsets-sabalenka-to-make-australian-open-quarters |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520100700/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2462425/swiatek-surges-past-cirstea-kanepi-upsets-sabalenka-to-make-australian-open-quarters |archive-date=20 May 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2022 |title=Aryna Sabalenka becomes highest seed to fall at Australian Open, beaten by Kaia Kanepi in fourth round |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/australian-open/2022/aryna-sabalenka-becomes-highest-seed-to-fall-at-australian-open-beaten-by-kaia-kanepi_sto8734719/story.shtml}}</ref> At de Dubai Championships, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Marta Kostyuk]] before losing to Petra Kvitová.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kudermetova stuns Muguruza; Kvitova knocks out Sabalenka in Dubai|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2488937/kudermetova-stuns-muguruza-kvitova-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-dubai|access-date=30 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=16 February 2022}}</ref> At de Qatar Open, Sabalenka beat wildcard entrant Alizé Cornet<ref>{{cite news|last1=Lloyd|first1=James|title=Sabalenka downs Cornet as Azarenka withdraws from Qatar Open|url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/sabalenka-downs-cornet-as-azarenka-withdraws-from-qatar-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis UpToDate|date=22 February 2022}}</ref> den [[Jil Teichmann]], widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Richardson|first1=James|title=Qatar Open news: Top seed cruises into the quarterfinals|url=https://www.tennis365.com/tennis-news/qatar-open-news-top-seed-quarterfinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis365|date=23 February 2022}}</ref> Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to No. 8 den eventual champion Iga Świątek insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ostapenko wins 9th straight match; Swiatek sweeps into Doha semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2502600/ostapenko-wins-9th-straight-match-swiatek-sweeps-into-doha-semis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626162848/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2502600/ostapenko-wins-9th-straight-match-swiatek-sweeps-into-doha-semis |archive-date=26 June 2022 |access-date=6 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka loose ein opening match against Jasmine Paolini.<ref>{{cite news|title=Paolini stuns Sabalenka in Indian Wells for first Top 10 win; Sakkari, Kvitova advance|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2529166/paolini-stuns-sabalenka-in-indian-wells-for-first-top-10-win|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=12 March 2022}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she loose ein opening match against [[Irina-Camelia Begu]]. <ref>{{cite news|last1=Mesic|first1=Dzevad|title=Irina Begu reacts to ousting No. 1 seed Aryna Sabalenka in Miami|url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/111306/irina-begu-reacts-to-ousting-no-1-seed-aryna-sabalenka-in-miami/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis World|date=26 March 2022}}</ref> At de Charleston Open, Sabalenka loose insyd de third round to Amanda Anisimova.<ref>{{cite news|title=Amanda Anisimova topples top seed Aryna Sabalenka to reach Charleston quarterfinals|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/amanda-anisimova-topples-sabalenka-to-reach-charleston-quarterfinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=7 April 2022}}</ref> At de Stuttgart Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Bianca Andreescu]]<ref>{{cite news|last1=Livaudais|first1=Stephanie|title=Sabalenka regroups to halt Andreescu, reach quarterfinals in Stuttgart|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-regroups-to-halt-bianca-andreescu-reach-quarterfinals-in-stuttga|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=21 April 2022}}</ref> den No. 6 Anett Kontaveit insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat No. 3 Paula Badosa insyd straight sets to reach ein second straight Stuttgart final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2022 |title=Sabalenka topples Badosa to reach second straight Stuttgart final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2587119/sabalenka-topples-badosa-to-reach-second-straight-stuttgart-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220423231637/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2587119/sabalenka-topples-badosa-to-reach-second-straight-stuttgart-final |archive-date=23 April 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de final, she san loose to world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek takes Stuttgart Open for fourth title of 2022 as winning streak reaches 23 matches|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/33797634/iga-swiatek-takes-stuttgart-open-fourth-title-2022-winning-streak-reaches-23-matches|access-date=27 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=24 April 2022}}</ref> As de defending champion at de Madrid Open, na dem san knock Sabalenka out by Amanda Anisimova insyd de first round.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 April 2022 |title=Anisimova dethrones defending champion Sabalenka in Madrid |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2594683/anisimova-dethrones-defending-champion-sabalenka-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220428185057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2594683/anisimova-dethrones-defending-champion-sabalenka-in-madrid |archive-date=28 April 2022 |access-date=30 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Italian Open, Sabalenka defeat Zhang Shuai den No. 11 Jessica Pegula, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Amanda Anisimova insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. Insyd de semifinals, she loose to world No. 1 Iga Świątek for de third time insyd 2022.<ref>{{Cite news|title=World number one Swiatek into Rome Open final|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/61448479|access-date=15 May 2022|archive-date=15 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515085046/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/61448479|url-status=live}}</ref> At de French Open, she defeat [[Chloé Paquet]] den Madison Brengle before losing to Camila Giorgi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 May 2022 |title=Giorgi upsets Sabalenka at French Open; Kasatkina awaits in Round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2636132/giorgi-upsets-sabalenka-at-french-open-kasatkina-awaits-in-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704022900/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2636132/giorgi-upsets-sabalenka-at-french-open-kasatkina-awaits-in-round-of-16 |archive-date=4 July 2022 |access-date=26 June 2022 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Sabalenka begin de grass-court season at de Libéma Open. She defeat [[Kateryna Baindl]] den wildcard entrant [[Arianne Hartono]], widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Alison Van Uytvanck insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat [[Shelby Rogers]] insyd straight sets to make de final. Insyd de final, she loose to Ekaterina Alexandrova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Alexandrova routs Sabalenka to win 's-Hertogenbosch|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2644516/alexandrova-routs-sabalenka-to-win-shertogenbosch|access-date=27 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=12 June 2022}}</ref> Secof Wimbledon ein ruling on Russian den Belarusian players, dem ban Sabalenka from participating insyd de event, cutting ein grass season short.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Treisman |first=Rachel |date=20 April 2022 |title=Wimbledon bans Russian and Belarusian players — including No. 2 Medvedev |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/04/20/1093741869/wimbledon-russian-players |publisher=NPR}}</ref> Sabalenka open de US hardcourt swing insyd Silicon Valley Classic. She cam from a set down to defeat lucky loser [[Caroline Dolehide]] insyd ein opening match. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to No. 12 den eventual champion Daria Kasatkina insyd three sets. At de Canadian Open, she defeat Sara Sorribes Tormo before losing to No. 11 Coco Gauff.<ref>{{cite news|title=Coco Gauff beats Arnya Sabalenka at Canadian Open in longest match of her career to set up Simona Halep quarter-final|url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/wta-toronto/2022/coco-gauff-beats-arnya-sabalenka-at-canadian-open-in-longest-match-of-her-career-to-set-up-simona-ha_sto9081228/story.shtml|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[TNT Sports]]|date=12 August 2022}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Sabalenka reach de last 16 as qualifier Anna Kalinskaya retire while trailing by a set.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka sprints into last 16 of Western & Southern Open|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-through-to-last-16-618290.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=18 August 2022}}</ref> She defeat wildcard entrant Shelby Rogers insyd three sets to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Zhang Shuai insyd straight sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka surges past Zhang into Cincinnati semifinals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2750497/sabalenka-surges-past-zhang-into-cincinnati-semifinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=19 August 2022}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to qualifier den eventual champion [[Caroline Garcia]] iinsyd hree sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cincy semis: Sabalenka vs. Garcia a showcase in power |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2750499/cincy-semis-kvitova-vs-keys-sabalenka-vs-garcia-a-showcase-in-power |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908172523/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2750499/cincy-semis-kvitova-vs-keys-sabalenka-vs-garcia-a-showcase-in-power |archive-date=8 September 2022 |access-date=8 September 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Catherine Harrison (tennis)|Catherine Harrison]] insyd de first round.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sixth seed Sabalenka through to second round at Flushing Meadows|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/us-open-news/us-open-sabalenka-through-to-second-round-620638.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=30 August 2022}}</ref> Insyd de second round, she cam from a set down to defeat Kaia Kanepi.<ref>{{cite news|title=An incredible collapse from Kanepi lets Sabalenka off the hook and into the third round|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/us-open-news/us-open-sabalenka-through-to-third-round-621798.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=2 September 2022}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she defeat qualifier [[Clara Burel]] insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she cam from a set down to defeat No. 19 Danielle Collins.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Walker|first1=Mollie|title=Aryna Sabalenka comes back again to advance to US Open quarterfinal|url=https://nypost.com/2022/09/05/aryna-sabalenka-comes-back-to-advance-to-us-open-quarterfinal/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[New York Post]]|date=5 September 2022}}</ref> She defeat No. 22 Karolína Plíšková insyd straight sets to reach ein second consecutive US Open semifinal.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Carayol|first1=Tumaini|title=Sabalenka returns to US Open semi-final with dominant victory over Pliskova|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2022/sep/07/karolina-pliskova-aryna-sabalenka-andrey-rublev-frances-tiafoe-us-open-tennis-quarter-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=7 September 2022}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she be defeated by world No. 1 Iga Świątek for de fourth time dis season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2022 |title=Swiatek and Sabalenka renew rivalry in US Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2785780/swiatek-and-sabalenka-renew-rivalry-in-us-open-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908173204/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2785780/swiatek-and-sabalenka-renew-rivalry-in-us-open-semifinals |archive-date=8 September 2022 |access-date=8 September 2022 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de San Diego Open, Sabalenka defeat wildcard entrant Sloane Stephens before losing to qualifier Donna Vekić.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vekic ousts Sabalenka in San Diego, sets Collins clash in semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2851646/vekic-ousts-sabalenka-in-san-diego-sets-collins-clash-in-semifinals |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Guadalajara Open, she loose ein opening match against [[Liudmila Samsonova]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Samsonova stuns Sabalenka in Guadalajara – sends Garcia, Gauff to WTA Finals|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/guadalajara-open-wta-1000/guadalajara-open-samsonova-books-spot-in-last-16-630730.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=19 October 2022}}</ref> Sabalenka qualify for de WTA Finals for a second straight year.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 October 2022 |title=Sabalenka and Kasatkina qualify for 2022 WTA Finals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2865210/sabalenka-and-kasatkina-qualify-for-2022-wta-finals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221021014603/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2865210/sabalenka-and-kasatkina-qualify-for-2022-wta-finals |archive-date=21 October 2022 |access-date=27 October 2022 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=27 October 2022 |title=Road to the WTA Finals: Aryna Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2876324/road-to-the-wta-finals-aryna-sabalenka |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She defeat world No. 2 Ons Jabeur<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka outlasts Jabeur on opening night of WTA Finals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2886071/sabalenka-outlasts-jabeur-on-opening-night-of-wta-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=1 November 2022}}</ref> den No. 3 Jessica Pegula<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats Pegula to reach WTA Finals semis, Jabeur eliminated|url=https://www.news24.com/sport/tennis/sabalenka-beats-pegula-to-reach-wta-finals-semis-jabeur-eliminated-20221105|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[News24 (website)|News24]]|date=5 November 2022}}</ref> insyd de round-robin stage, den No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd de semifinals.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka stuns No. 1 Iga Swiatek to reach first final at WTA Finals |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-stuns-no-1-iga-swiatek-to-reach-first-final-at-wta-finals |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka upsets Swiatek to reach WTA Finals championship match |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897254/sabalenka-upsets-swiatek-to-reach-wta-finals-championship-match |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She cam be de fourth woman to defeat de top 3 players at de same tournament, joining [[Steffi Graf]] (1999 French Open), Serena Williams (2002 Miami Open), den [[Venus Williams]] (2008 WTA Finals). She loose ein group match against Maria Sakkari<ref>{{cite news|title=Sakkari beats Sabalenka to reach last four of WTA Finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/jabeur-battles-back-beat-pegula-wta-finals-2022-11-03/|access-date=30 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=3 November 2022}}</ref> wey she loose insyd de final to Caroline Garcia insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Garber|first1=Greg|title=Garcia caps off comeback season with title at the WTA Finals|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2898398/garcia-caps-off-comeback-season-with-title-at-the-wta-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 November 2022}}</ref> === 2023: Australian Open champion, No. 1 === [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_(2023_US_Open)_35.jpg|right|thumb|Sabalenka at de 2023 US Open]] Sabalenka begin ein 2023 season at de Adelaide International. She defeat Liudmila Samsonova,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka saves seven set points, beats Samsonova in Adelaide 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3008222/sabalenka-saves-seven-set-points-beats-samsonova-in-adelaide-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230109153456/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3008222/sabalenka-saves-seven-set-points-beats-samsonova-in-adelaide-1 |archive-date=9 January 2023 |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Markéta Vondroušová, den Irina-Camelia Begu<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka into Adelaide 1 final, faces Czech teen Noskova |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3012346/sabalenka-into-adelaide-1-final-faces-czech-teen-noskova |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> to reach de final. She defeat qualifier [[Linda Nosková]] to win de title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka stops Noskova for 11th career title at Adelaide 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3013260/sabalenka-stops-noskova-for-11th-career-title-at-adelaide-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312065522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3013260/sabalenka-stops-noskova-for-11th-career-title-at-adelaide-1 |archive-date=12 March 2023 |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Seeded fifth at de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Tereza Martincová]], Shelby Rogers, Elise Mertens,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bencic, Sabalenka set up Round of 16 showdown in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3030334/bencic-sabalenka-set-up-round-of-16-showdown-in-melbourne |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> den No. 10 Belinda Bencic<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2023 |title=Sabalenka tops Bencic, will face Vekić in Australian Open quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3034993/sabalenka-tops-bencic-will-face-vekic-in-australian-open-quarterfinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126185613/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3034993/sabalenka-tops-bencic-will-face-vekic-in-australian-open-quarterfinals |archive-date=26 January 2023 |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> to reach ein first-ever Australian Open quarterfinal. She then beat Donna Vekić to reach ein fourth Grand Slam semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Three takeaways: Sabalenka into first Australian Open semifinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3037080/three-takeaways-sabalenka-into-first-australian-open-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125182600/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3037080/three-takeaways-sabalenka-into-first-australian-open-semifinal |archive-date=25 January 2023 |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She beat [[Magda Linette]] to secure ein 10th straight-set victory of 2023 wey make ein first ever major final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka defeats Linette to reach first major final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3038481/sabalenka-defeats-linette-to-reach-first-grand-slam-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126145545/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3038481/sabalenka-defeats-linette-to-reach-first-grand-slam-final |archive-date=26 January 2023 |access-date=26 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2023 |title=How Sabalenka found her inner calm and a new level of success |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3039450/how-sabalenka-found-her-inner-calm-and-a-new-level-of-success |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat No. 25 [[Elena Rybakina]] insyd three sets to win ein first major title.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka holds off Rybakina to win Australian Open, first Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328084008/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |archive-date=28 March 2023 |access-date=18 April 2026 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=10 incredible things Aryna Sabalenka achieved by winning the Australian Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-aryna-sabalenka-achieved-by-winning-the-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201064347/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-aryna-sabalenka-achieved-by-winning-the-australian-open |archive-date=1 February 2023 |access-date=1 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> She cam be de second Belarusian to ever win a major singles title after Victoria Azarenka insyd 2012 den 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |title='A joy to watch': Social media reacts to Australian Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040119/-a-joy-to-watch-social-media-reacts-to-australian-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128192630/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040119/-a-joy-to-watch-social-media-reacts-to-australian-open-final |archive-date=28 January 2023 |access-date=28 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='I still feel like I'm on another planet': Sabalenka steps out with Australian Open trophy |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040637/-i-still-feel-like-i-m-on-another-planet-sabalenka-steps-out-with-australian-open-trophy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129050607/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040637/-i-still-feel-like-i-m-on-another-planet-sabalenka-steps-out-with-australian-open-trophy |archive-date=29 January 2023 |access-date=29 January 2023 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Champions Corner: How Aryna Sabalenka learned a new way to fight |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040642/champions-corner-how-aryna-sabalenka-learned-a-new-way-to-fight |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129042811/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040642/champions-corner-how-aryna-sabalenka-learned-a-new-way-to-fight |archive-date=29 January 2023 |access-date=29 January 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Australian Open 2023: Aryna Sabalenka beats Elena Rybakina to win Melbourne title|publisher=BBC Sport|first=Jonathan|last=Jurejko|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/64437033|date=28 January 2023|access-date=30 January 2022|archive-date=28 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128114034/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/64437033|url-status=live}}</ref> After winning de title insyd Melbourne, Sabalenka rise back to No. 2 insyd de WTA rankings. Insyd Dubai, Sabalenka defeat lucky loser [[Lauren Davis]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 February 2023 |title=Sabalenka extends run; Pliskova, Krejcikova grab Top 10 wins in Dubai |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3076921/sabalenka-extends-run-pliskova-krejcikova-grab-top-10-wins-in-dubai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230607100618/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3076921/sabalenka-extends-run-pliskova-krejcikova-grab-top-10-wins-in-dubai |archive-date=7 June 2023 |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Jeļena Ostapenko. Insyd de quarterfinals, she fall to de eventual champion Barbora Krejčíková insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 February 2023 |title=By the numbers: Krejcikova ends Sabalenka's winning streak in Dubai |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3079631/by-the-numbers-krejcikova-ends-sabalenka-s-winning-streak-in-dubai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127114747/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3079631/by-the-numbers-krejcikova-ends-sabalenka-s-winning-streak-in-dubai |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka defeat [[Evgeniya Rodina]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 March 2023 |title=Sabalenka rolls past Rodina into third round of Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3102915/sabalenka-rolls-past-rodina-into-third-round-of-indian-wells |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320142103/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3102915/sabalenka-rolls-past-rodina-into-third-round-of-indian-wells |archive-date=20 March 2023 |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She reach de fourth round as qualifier Lesia Tsurenko withdraw.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ukrainian player had ‘panic attack’ after chat with WTA chief|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/mar/13/lesia-tsurenko-had-panic-attack-after-chat-with-wta-chief-left-her-shocked-tennis|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=13 March 2023}}</ref> She defeat Barbora Krejčíková insyd three sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 March 2023 |title=Gauff survives Peterson; Sabalenka outlasts Krejcikova in Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3110420/gauff-survives-peterson-sabalenka-outlasts-krejcikova-in-indian-wells |access-date=9 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She defeat sixth seed Coco Gauff<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2023 |title=Sabalenka sweeps past Gauff into Indian Wells semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3111493/sabalenka-sweeps-past-gauff-into-indian-wells-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328080448/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3111493/sabalenka-sweeps-past-gauff-into-indian-wells-semifinals |archive-date=28 March 2023 |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den seventh seed Maria Sakkari insyd straight sets to reach de final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2023 |title=Sabalenka cruises into third final of season at Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113832/sabalenka-cruises-into-third-final-of-season-at-indian-wells |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Australian Open final, she loose to tenth seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=19 March 2023 |title=Rybakina tops Sabalenka to win Indian Wells title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530204200/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |archive-date=30 May 2023 |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd Miami, Sabalenka defeat Shelby Rogers,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wimer|first1=Zachary|title=Sabalenka Battles Injury To Start No. 1 Charge At Miami Open|url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/sabalenka-battles-injury-to-start-no-1-charge-at-miami-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Infinity|date=25 March 2023}}</ref> [[Marie Bouzková]], den Barbora Krejčíková,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Berkok|first1=John|title=Aryna Sabalenka becomes first woman to 20 wins this year with victory over Krejcikova in Miami|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-becomes-first-woman-to-20-wins-this-year-krejcikova-miami|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=28 March 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she be defeated by [[Sorana Cîrstea]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Miami Open 2023: Sorana Cirstea stuns Aryna Sabalenka to reach semi-finals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65118855|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=29 March 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein clay court season at de Stuttgart Open. She defeat Barbora Krejčíková insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats Krejcikova for third time in 2023 to make Stuttgart last-eight|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20230419-sabalenka-beats-krejcikova-for-third-time-in-2023-to-make-stuttgart-last-eight|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[France 24]]|date=19 April 2023}}</ref> She defeat wildcard entrant Paula Badosa insyd three sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka comes from behind to beat Badosa, make Stuttgart semis|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3226422/sabalenka-comes-from-behind-to-beat-badosa-make-stuttgart-semis|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=21 April 2023}}</ref> She defeat [[Anastasia Potapova]] insyd straight sets to make ein third straight Stuttgart final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka eases into third straight Stuttgart final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3227940/sabalenka-eases-into-third-straight-stuttgart-final|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=22 April 2023}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of last year ein final, she be defeated by world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win second straight Stuttgart title|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3230399/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-defend-stuttgart-title|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=23 April 2023}}</ref> Insyd Madrid, Sabalenka defeat Sorana Cîrstea<ref>{{cite news|title=Mutua Madrid Open: Aryna Sabalenka sees off Sorana Cirstea in 2R to begin campaign|url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/131813/mutua-madrid-open-aryna-sabalenka-sees-off-sorana-cirstea-in-2r-to-begin-campaign-/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=28 April 2023}}</ref> den wildcard entrants Camila Osorio den [[Mirra Andreeva]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka halts Mirra Andreeva's breakthrough run in Madrid|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3249765/sabalenka-halts-mirra-andreevas-breakthrough-run-in-madrid|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=1 May 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she cam from a set down to beat [[Mayar Sherif]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka survives Madrid Open scare but Daniil Medvedev tumbles out|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/may/02/aryna-sabalenka-survives-scare-to-ease-through-to-madrid-open-semi-final-tennis-aslan-karatsev-daniil-medvedev|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=2 May 2023}}</ref> She defeat ninth seed Maria Sakkari insyd straight sets to reach ein second Madrid final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka surges past Sakkari into second Madrid final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3287309/sabalenka-surges-past-sakkari-into-second-madrid-final|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=4 May 2023}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd three sets to win ein second Madrid title den fifth WTA 1000 title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to win second Madrid title|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3324040/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-win-second-madrid-title|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=6 May 2023}}</ref> Insyd Rome, Sabalenka suffer ein first early defeat of de year, losing ein opening match to Sofia Kenin.<ref>{{cite news|title=Kenin knocks out Sabalenka in Rome second-round upset|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3340538/kenin-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-rome-second-round-upset|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=11 May 2023}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka defeat Marta Kostyuk,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka defeats Kostyuk in French Open first round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3490108/sabalenka-defeats-kostyuk-in-french-open-first-round|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=28 May 2023}}</ref> qualifier [[Iryna Shymanovich]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka holds off Shymanovich in Roland Garros second round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3515773/sabalenka-holds-off-shymanovich-in-roland-garros-second-round|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=31 May 2023}}</ref> [[Kamilla Rakhimova]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka, Stephens set Round of 16 showdown at French Open|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3527835/sabalenka-cruises-into-french-open-round-of-16|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 June 2023}}</ref> den Sloane Stephens,<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka stops Sloane Stephens to reach quarterfinals|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37795533/aryna-sabalenka-stops-sloane-stephens-reach-quarterfinals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=4 June 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein first French Open quarterfinal. She defeat Elina Svitolina insyd straight sets to reach ein first French Open semifinal.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka shuffles into first Roland Garros semifinal over inspired Elina Svitolina|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-roland-garros-semifinal-over-inspired-elina-svitolina|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=6 June 2023}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd three sets, despite leading 5–2 den holding match point.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2023 |title=Muchova topples Sabalenka at French Open; makes first Grand Slam final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3532701/muchova-topples-sabalenka-at-french-open-makes-first-grand-slam-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230910124212/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3532701/muchova-topples-sabalenka-at-french-open-makes-first-grand-slam-final |archive-date=10 September 2023 |access-date=14 September 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka begin ein grass court season at de German Open. She defeat qualifier Vera Zvonareva before losing to wildcard entrant Veronika Kudermetova. At de Wimbledon Championships, Sabalenka defeat [[Panna Udvardy]] insyd de first round.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Herman|first1=Martyn|title=Sabalenka races through against Udvardy|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-races-through-against-udvardy-2023-07-04/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=4 July 2023}}</ref> Insyd de second round, she cam from a set down to defeat [[Varvara Gracheva]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon 2023: Aryna Sabalenka fights past Varvara Gracheva; Iga Swiatek, Ons Jabeur win|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66132659|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=8 July 2023}}</ref> She defeat Anna Blinkova,<ref>{{cite news|title=No.2 Sabalenka powers into Wimbledon Round of 16|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3578549/no2-sabalenka-powers-into-wimbledon-round-of-16|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 July 2023}}</ref> Ekaterina Alexandrova,<ref>{{cite news|title=Superb Sabalenka glides past Alexandrova into Wimbledon quarter-finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/superb-sabalenka-glides-past-alexandrova-into-wimbledon-quarter-finals-2023-07-10/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=10 July 2023}}</ref> den Madison Keys,<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Madison Keys in straight sets to reach Wimbledon semifinals|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/07/12/sport/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-madison-keys-wimbledon-spt-intl|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[CNN]]|date=12 July 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein fourth consecutive major semifinal. Insyd de semifinals, she loose to sixth seed Ons Jabeur insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon 2023 results: Ons Jabeur fights back to beat Aryna Sabalenka and reach final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66191815|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=13 July 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein North American hard court season insyd Montréal. She defeat Petra Martić<ref>{{cite news|title=No.2 Sabalenka reels in Martic to win Montreal opener|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3624542/no2-sabalenka-reels-in-martic-to-win-montreal-opener#:~:text=In%20the%20tiebreak%2C%20Sabalenka%20came,hour%20and%2058%2Dminute%20match.&text=Sabalenka%20finished%20the%20match%20with,while%20hitting%2017%20unforced%20errors.|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=10 August 2023}}</ref> before losing to Liudmila Samsonova.<ref>{{cite news|title=Samsonova upsets Sabalenka, Pegula holds off Gauff at Canadian Open|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/samsonova-upsets-world-number-two-sabalenka-canadian-open-2023-08-11/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=12 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd Cincinnati, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Ann Li insyd three sets insyd ein opening match. She defeat Daria Kasatkina insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Western & Southern Open: Sabalenka reaches quarter-finals|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-reaches-quarter-finals-706059.html|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=18 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Wimbledon semifinal, she defeat fifth seed Ons Jabeur insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka steadies, scores bittersweet revenge over Ons Jabeur in Cincinnati|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-steadies-scores-bittersweet-revenge-over-ons-jabeur-in-cincinnat|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=19 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema French Open semifinal, she san fall to Karolína Muchová insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Muchova rallies past Sabalenka again for Cincinnati final berth|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3642067/muchova-rallies-past-sabalenka-again-for-cincinnati-final-berth|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=19 August 2023}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Maryna Zanevska]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka wobbles before seeing off Zanevska at US Open|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-wobbles-before-seeing-off-zanevska-us-open-2023-08-30/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=30 August 2023}}</ref> [[Jodie Burrage]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka powers past Burrage into U.S. Open third round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-powers-past-burrage-into-us-open-third-round-2023-08-31/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=1 September 2023}}</ref> Clara Burel,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka speeds into US Open second week; to face Kasatkina next|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3667129/sabalenka-speeds-past-burel-into-us-open-second-week|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 September 2023}}</ref> Daria Kasatkina,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka shines in first match since clinching No. 1, demolishes Daria Kasatkina at US Open|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-match-world-no-1-daria-kasatkina-2023-us-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=Tennis|date=5 September 2023}}</ref> den [[Zheng Qinwen]],<ref name="semis">{{cite news|title=US Open 2023 results: Aryna Sabalenka beats Zheng Qinwen to reach semi-finals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66734895|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=7 September 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein third consecutive US Open semifinal. She cam be de first player to reach de semifinals of all four major events insyd one year since Serena Williams insyd 2016.<ref name="semis" /> She outlast Madison Keys after losing de first set 6–0 to reach ein first US Open final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka outlasts Keys, makes first US Open final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3677143/sabalenka-outlasts-keys-makes-first-us-open-final|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=8 September 2023}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to sixth seed Coco Gauff insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Maine|first1=D'Arcy|title=Coco Gauff tops Aryna Sabalenka to win US Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/38362953/coco-gauff-tops-aryna-sabalenka-win-us-open|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=9 September 2023}}</ref> Secof de loss of No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd de fourth round, Sabalenka cam be, for de first time, de world No. 1 tennis player.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka is about to be No. 1 in the WTA rankings. She could be the new US Open champ, too|url=https://apnews.com/article/us-open-live-updates-september-4-tennis-91207712f437c49b3d4dc2c56fca1270|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Associated Press]]|date=4 September 2023}}</ref> She cam be de 29th player to be ranked No. 1 insyd de world on de WTA Tour, den de second Belarusian, after Victoria Azarenka. She sanso be de eighth female player to have been ranked No. 1 insyd de Open Era insyd both singles den doubles at some point insyd dema careers.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shukla |first=Dr Balraj |date=1 October 2022 |title=9 players ranked World No. 1 in both singles and doubles ft. Martina Navratilova and Serena Williams |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/tennis/9-players-ranked-world-no-1-singles-doubles-ft-martina-navratilova-serena-williams |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208020513/https://www.sportskeeda.com/tennis/9-players-ranked-world-no-1-singles-doubles-ft-martina-navratilova-serena-williams |archive-date=8 December 2022 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=www.sportskeeda.com}}</ref> After de US Open, Sabalenka play at de China Open. She defeat wildcard entrant Sofia Kenin,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka shines in first match as No. 1, Vondrousova crashes in Beijing|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-shines-first-match-no-1-vondrousova-crashes-beijing-2023-10-01/|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=1 October 2023}}</ref> qualifier Katie Boulter,<ref>{{cite news|title=China Open: Aryna Sabalenka beats Katie Boulter in second round|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/66991990|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=3 October 2023}}</ref> den Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{cite news|title=China Open: World number one Aryna Sabalenka progresses to quarter-final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/67015133|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=5 October 2023}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to fifth seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=China Open: Elena Rybakina downs world No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka as Coco Gauff and Iga Swiatek set up last-four clash|url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/china-open-coco-gauff-and-iga-swiatek-to-meet-in-semi-final-as-world-no.-1-aryna-sabalenka-crashes-o_sto9826436/story.shtml|access-date=7 September 2026|work=[[TNT Sports]]|date=7 October 2023}}</ref> Sabalenka make ein third consecutive appearance at de WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka, Swiatek lead first set of qualifiers for WTA Finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-lead-first-set-qualifiers-wta-finals-2023-09-23/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=23 September 2023}}</ref> She defeat Maria Sakkari<ref>{{cite news|title=No.1 Sabalenka dominates Sakkari to open WTA Finals campaign|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3760543/sabalenka-races-past-sakkari-to-win-wta-finals-opener|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=30 October 2023}}</ref> den Elena Rybakina<ref>{{cite news|title=Top seed Sabalenka knocks Rybakina out of WTA Finals|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/top-seed-sabalenka-knocks-rybakina-out-wta-finals-2023-11-03/|access-date=28 July 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=4 November 2023}}</ref> buh she loose to Jessica Pegula<ref>{{cite news|title=Pegula handles top-ranked Sabalenka; advances to semifinals in Cancun|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3762715/pegula-handles-top-ranked-sabalenka-improves-to-2-0-at-wta-finals|access-date=28 July 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=31 October 2023}}</ref> insyd de round-robin stage. Insyd de semifinals, she loose to Iga Świątek insyd straight sets, who go go on to win de event.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-iga-swiatek-vs-aryna-sabalenka-results|title=Iga Swiatek into final after dominant win over Aryna Sabalenka at WTA Finals|newspaper=The Guardian|date=5 November 2023|accessdate=29 December 2023|last1=Carayol|first1=Tumaini}}</ref> As a result, Świątek reclaim de world No. 1 ranking wey Sabalenka fini as year-end No. 2.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek returns to No. 1 with WTA Finals win over Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/38834897/swiatek-returns-world-no-1-wta-finals-win-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215075919/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/38834897/swiatek-returns-world-no-1-wta-finals-win-pegula |archive-date=15 December 2023 |accessdate=29 December 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=7 November 2023|title=By the numbers: The 2023 year-end rankings|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772549/by-the-numbers-the-2023-year-end-rankings|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2024: Two major titles, year-end No. 1 === [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_US_Open_2024.jpg|left|thumb|Sabalenka at de 2024 US Open]] Sabalenka start ein 2024 tennis season at de Brisbane International. She defeat [[Lucia Bronzetti]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Avila|first1=Cristhián|title=2024 Brisbane International: Aryna SABALENKA exhibits top form, dispatching Lucia BRONZETTI in straight-sets|url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/match-report-2024-brisbane-international-aryna-sabalenka-exhibits-top-form-dispatching-lucia-bronzetti-in-straight-sets|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis UpToDate|date=3 January 2024}}</ref> [[Zhu Lin (tennis)|Zhu Lin]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Harper|first1=Lachlan|title='I'm super happy to be back': Defending Australian Open champion Aryna Sabalenka charms crowd with classic interview|url=https://www.nine.com.au/sport/tennis/brisbane-international-tennis-2024-aryna-sabalenka-interview-zhu-lin-result-20240104-p5j8vj.html|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Nine.com.au]]|date=4 January 2024}}</ref> Daria Kasatkina,<ref>{{Cite news|date=5 January 2024|title=Sabalenka bests Kasatkina in Brisbane, wins 14th straight Australian match|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3849585/sabalenka-bests-kasatkina-in-brisbane-wins-14th-straight-australian-match|access-date=4 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den Victoria Azarenka<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 January 2024 |title=Sabalenka bests Azarenka; to renew rivalry with Rybakina in Brisbane final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850355/sabalenka-bests-azarenka-to-renew-rivalry-with-rybakina-in-brisbane-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240712204241/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850355/sabalenka-bests-azarenka-to-renew-rivalry-with-rybakina-in-brisbane-final |archive-date=12 July 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de final. Insyd de final, she loose to second seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina races past Sabalenka to win Brisbane International |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850958/rybakina-races-past-sabalenka-to-win-brisbane-international |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107065759/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3850958/rybakina-races-past-sabalenka-to-win-brisbane-international |archive-date=7 January 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Sabalenka overcame qualifier [[Ella Seidel]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/67973427|title=Australian Open 2024 results: Aryna Sabalenka, Maria Sakkari and Caroline Wozniacki advance|work=BBC Sport|date=14 January 2024|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=10 December 2024}}</ref> qualifier [[Brenda Fruhvirtová]],<ref>{{cite web |date=17 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Sabalenka glides past Fruhvirtova into third round |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/tennis/australian-open-2024-score-results-sabalenka-vs-fruhvirtova-highlights-round-2-match/article67748142.ece |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Sportstar}}</ref> Lesia Tsurenko,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mulvenney |first1=Nick |date=19 January 2024 |title=No handshakes as Sabalenka downs Ukraine's Tsurenko in third round |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/no-handshakes-sabalenka-downs-ukraines-tsurenko-third-round-2024-01-19/ |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> Amanda Anisimova,<ref>{{cite web |date=21 January 2024 |title=Sabalenka easily ends Anisimova's Australian Open run |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/sabalenka-easily-ends-anisimovas-australian-open-run-739121.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226165053/https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/sabalenka-easily-ends-anisimovas-australian-open-run-739121.html |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> ninth seed Barbora Krejčíková,<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka storms past Barbora Krejcikova to set up Coco Gauff semi-final at 2024 Australian Open |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/australian-open/2024/aryna-sabalenka-storms-past-barbora-krejcikova-to-set-up-coco-gauff-semi-final-at-2024-australian-op_sto9986817/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123113458/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/australian-open/2024/aryna-sabalenka-storms-past-barbora-krejcikova-to-set-up-coco-gauff-semi-final-at-2024-australian-op_sto9986817/story.shtml |archive-date=23 January 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de semifinals. Insyd a rematch of dema US Open final, she defeat fourth seed Coco Gauff insyd straight sets to reach ein second consecutive Australian Open final.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68083625|title=Australian Open 2024 results: Aryna Sabalenka beats Coco Gauff & faces Zheng Qinwen|work=BBC Sport|date=25 January 2024|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=10 December 2024|archive-date=14 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240214070924/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68083625|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Braidwood |first=Jamie |date=27 January 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka's dominant Australian Open defence completes a stunning transformation |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-qinwen-zheng-result-b2485879.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127120003/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-qinwen-zheng-result-b2485879.html |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=27 January 2024 |work=The Independent}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68109149|title=Australian Open 2024 women's final result: Aryna Sabalenka beats Zheng Qinwen in Melbourne|work=BBC Sport|date=27 January 2024|publisher=BBC Sport|accessdate=10 December 2024|archive-date=27 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127102341/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68109149|url-status=live}}</ref> becoming de first woman to successfully defend ein title at de Australian Open since Victoria Azarenka insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Parry |first=Martin |date=27 January 2024 |title=Dominant Sabalenka crushes Zheng to defend Australian Open title |url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/dominant-sabalenka-crushes-zheng-defend-101250205.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127102602/https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/dominant-sabalenka-crushes-zheng-defend-101250205.html |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=27 January 2024 |publisher=Yahoo! Sport}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ronald |first=Issy |date=27 January 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka successfully defends women's Australian Open title, defeating Zheng Qinwen in dominant fashion |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/01/27/sport/aryna-sabalenka-womens-australian-open-title-zheng-2024-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127101459/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/01/27/sport/aryna-sabalenka-womens-australian-open-title-zheng-2024-spt-intl/index.html |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=27 January 2024 |publisher=CNN}}</ref> At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka defeat [[Peyton Stearns]]<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carroll|first=Rory|date=10 March 2024|title=Sabalenka escapes Stearns to reach Indian Wells third round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/gauff-survives-burel-scare-indian-wells-2024-03-09/|access-date=4 August 2024|work=[[Reuter]]}}</ref> den wildcard entrant [[Emma Raducanu]]<ref>{{Cite news|date=11 March 2024|title=Sabalenka holds off Raducanu in Indian Wells third round|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3931023/sabalenka-holds-off-raducanu-in-indian-wells-third-round|access-date=4 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> before losing to [[Emma Navarro]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=14 March 2024|title=Navarro stuns Sabalenka, Gauff cruises into Indian Wells quarters|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/navarro-stuns-sabalenka-reach-indian-wells-quarters-2024-03-13/|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she defeat Paula Badosa<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ronald|first=Issy|date=23 March 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins at Miami Open in first match since death of her former partner|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/03/23/sport/aryna-sabalenka-miami-open-paula-badosa-spt-intl|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> before losing to [[Anhelina Kalinina]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Keating|first=Steve|date=24 March 2024|title=Emotional Sabalenka exits Miami Open in fit of rage|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/emotional-sabalenka-exits-miami-open-fit-rage-2024-03-24/|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein clay season insyd Stuttgart. She reach de quarterfinals wen Paula Badosa retire,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins bestie battle against injured Paula Badosa in late-night Stuttgart match|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wins-bestie-battle-against-injured-paula-badosa-in-late-night-stuttgart-match|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=17 April 2024}}</ref> buh na she be eliminated by sixth seed Markéta Vondroušová insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 April 2024 |title=Vondrousova knocks out Sabalenka in Stuttgart quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3972785/vondrousova-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-stuttgart-quarterfinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523131538/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3972785/vondrousova-knocks-out-sabalenka-in-stuttgart-quarterfinals |archive-date=23 May 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> As de defending champion insyd Madrid, Sabalenka reach de quarterfinals after three-set wins over Magda Linette,<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka 'up and down' in Madrid win over Magda Linette, Katie Boulter stunned by teenager Robin Montgomery |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/aryna-sabalenka-survives-scare-to-overcome-magda-linette-elena-rybakina-eases-past-lucia-bronzetti-a_sto10117748/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426135203/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/aryna-sabalenka-survives-scare-to-overcome-magda-linette-elena-rybakina-eases-past-lucia-bronzetti-a_sto10117748/story.shtml |archive-date=26 April 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> wildcard entrant [[Robin Montgomery]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Madrid Open: Champion Sabalenka fends off impressive Montgomery to reach last 16|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/madrid-open-sabalenka-reaches-last-16-757853.html|access-date=7 September 2026|work=Tennis Majors|date=28 April 2024}}</ref> den Danielle Collins.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 April 2024 |title=Sabalenka ends Collins' winning streak to keep Madrid title defense alive |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3989908/sabalenka-ends-collins-winning-streak-to-keep-madrid-title-defense-alive |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525075532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3989908/sabalenka-ends-collins-winning-streak-to-keep-madrid-title-defense-alive |archive-date=25 May 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She defeat Mirra Andreeva insyd straight sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka ends Andreeva's Madrid run to reach semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3991411/sabalenka-ends-andreevas-madrid-run-to-reach-semifinals |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she edge an epic three-set victory over fourth seed Elena Rybakina.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2 May 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka storms back against Elena Rybakina for Madrid final rematch with Swiatek|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-storms-back-against-elena-rybakina-for-madrid-final-rematch-with-swiatek|access-date=7 August 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of de previous year ein final, she face world No. 1 Iga Świątek. Sabalenka get three championship points during de match, buh she eventually loose.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka in epic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-in-epic-2024-madrid-open-final-over-three-sets-with-tie-break-de_sto10130351/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240504213149/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-madrid/2024/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-in-epic-2024-madrid-open-final-over-three-sets-with-tie-break-de_sto10130351/story.shtml |archive-date=4 May 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> Insyd Rome, Sabalenka cam from a set down to defeat qualifier [[Katie Volynets]] insyd ein opening match. Insyd de third round, she defeat Dayana Yastremska insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she cam from a set down to defeat Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka saves three match points to beat Svitolina in late-night thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4010587/sabalenka-saves-three-match-points-to-beat-svitolina-in-late-night-thriller |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She defeat ninth seed Jeļena Ostapenko<ref name="Madrid2024QF">{{cite web |date=17 May 2024 |title=Rome: It's a Swiatek v Sabalenka rematch final |url=https://tennisthreads.net/rome-its-a-swiatek-v-sabalenka-rematch-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611122538/https://tennisthreads.net/rome-its-a-swiatek-v-sabalenka-rematch-final/ |archive-date=11 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Tennis Threads}}</ref> den Danielle Collins insyd straight sets to reach de final.<ref name="Madrid2024QF" /> Insyd de final, she san face Iga Świątek, wey she loose insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240602145554/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=2 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Erika Andreeva]],<ref>{{cite web |title=French Open 2024: Aryna Sabalenka blitzes Erika Andreeva to get Roland-Garros campaign off to winning start |url=https://www.tntsports.co.uk/tennis/roland-garros-women/2024/french-open-2024-aryna-sabalenka-blitzes-erika-andreeva-to-get-roland-garros-campaign-off-to-winning-start_sto20007576/story.shtml?welcome=eurosport |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Eurosport}}</ref> qualifier [[Moyuka Uchijima]],<ref>{{cite web |date=30 May 2024 |title=Sabalenka claims commanding straight-set win |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn2gv3kq1o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240831193511/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn2gv3kq1o |archive-date=31 August 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Paula Badosa<ref>{{cite web |date=June 2024 |title=Sabalenka powers past 'best friend' Badosa in Paris |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cjll1z6k4w3o |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> den Emma Navarro,<ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2024 |title=Roland-Garros: Sabalenka through to last eight |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/roland-garros-sabalenka-through-to-last-8-765677.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240611174203/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/roland-garros-sabalenka-through-to-last-8-765677.html |archive-date=11 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she be hampered by stomach issues<ref>{{cite web |date=6 June 2024 |title="I had a difficult time out there" – Sabalenka reveals being unwell during Andreeva loss |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/i-had-a-difficult-time-out-there-sabalenka-reveals-being-unwell-during-andreeva-loss-766293.html |publisher=Tennis Majors}}</ref> wey she loose to Mirra Andreeva insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Andreeva becomes youngest Grand Slam semifinalist in 27 years |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4033773/andreeva-becomes-youngest-grand-slam-semifinalist-in-27-years |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606025000/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4033773/andreeva-becomes-youngest-grand-slam-semifinalist-in-27-years |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=11 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Secof ein loss, ein ranking drop to No. 3.<ref>{{Cite news|last=West|first=Ewan|date=5 June 2024|title=Coco Gauff set for incredible rankings breakthrough after Aryna Sabalenka’s French Open exit|url=https://www.tennis365.com/tennis-news/coco-gauff-rankings-breakthrough-world-no-2-aryna-sabalenka-french-open|access-date=6 August 2026|work=Tennis365}}</ref> Sabalenka suffer a right shoulder injury wey force am to retire during ein quarterfinal match against Anna Kalinskaya at de Berlin Open insyd June<ref>{{cite web |date=22 June 2024 |title=Sabalenka and Jabeur retire at Berlin Open |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn1k7zpg7o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240928135211/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4nn1k7zpg7o |archive-date=28 September 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> wey she withdraw from de Wimbledon Championships, having failed to recover in time to play.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 2024 |title=Sabalenka withdraws from Wimbledon due to shoulder injury |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4048045/sabalenka-withdraws-from-wimbledon-due-to-shoulder-injury |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240704231352/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4048045/sabalenka-withdraws-from-wimbledon-due-to-shoulder-injury |archive-date=4 July 2024 |accessdate=8 July 2024 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_Trophy_US_Open_2024.jpg|right|thumb|Sabalenka dey lift de 2024 US Open singles trophy]] Sabalenka return from injury at de Washington DC Open. She defeat qualifier Kamilla Rakhimova<ref>{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Washington Open: Sabalenka moves into last eight|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/washington-open-sabalenka-moves-into-last-eight-776700.html|access-date=6 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> den Victoria Azarenka<ref>{{Cite news|date=3 August 2024|title=Washington Open: Sabalenka books spot in last four|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/washington-open-sabalenka-books-spot-in-last-4-776993.html|access-date=6 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> to reach de semifinals, wer she loose to Marie Bouzková insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite news|date=3 August 2024|title=Error-prone Aryna Sabalenka stumbles out of DC Open in the semifinals|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2024/08/03/dc-open-semifinals-aryna-sabalenka-paula-badosa-ben-shelton-frances-tiafoe-sebastian-korda/|access-date=6 August 2026|work=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> At de Canadian Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Yuan Yue]] den Katie Boulter to reach de quarterfinals,<ref>{{cite news|title=Boulter knocked out of Canadian Open by Sabalenka|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clyl204d2nlo|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=10 August 2024}}</ref> wer she loose to Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Amanda Anisimova upsets Aryna Sabalenka to make Toronto semis|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40812988/amanda-anisimova-upsets-aryna-sabalenka-make-toronto-semis|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=10 August 2024}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Elisabetta Cocciaretto]],<ref>{{Cite news|date=15 August 2024|title=Sabalenka makes strong start at Western & Southern Open|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-moves-into-last-16-779352.html|access-date=4 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> Elina Svitolina,<ref>{{Cite news|date=16 August 2024|title=By the numbers: Sabalenka seals fourth Cincinnati quarterfinal berth|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4084431/sabalenka|access-date=4 August 2024|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den Liudmila Samsonova<ref>{{Cite news|last=Dimon|first=Ricky|date=17 August 2024|title=Sabalenka sinks Samsonova to reach Cincinnati semi-finals|url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/western-southern-open-sabalenka-into-semi-finals-779633.html|access-date=4 August 2026|work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> to reach de semifinals. She defeat world No. 1 Iga Świątek insyd de semifinals,<ref>{{cite web |date=18 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka beats Swiatek to reach Cincinnati final |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd6y282w997o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240828175928/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd6y282w997o |archive-date=28 August 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news|last=Grez|first=Matias|date=19 August 2024|title=Cincinnati Open: Aryna Sabalenka defeats Iga Świątek to set up final against Jessica Pegula|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/08/19/sport/cincinnati-open-aryna-sabalenka-jessica-pegula-spt-intl|access-date=6 August 2026|work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> wey she defeat sixth seed Jessica Pegula to win de title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite web |date=19 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka wins first title since Australian Open |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c0mn84mk9ygo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240907232826/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c0mn84mk9ygo |archive-date=7 September 2024 |accessdate=7 September 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=19 August 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka tops Jessica Pegula, wins first Cincinnati Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40921088/aryna-sabalenka-tops-jessica-pegula-wins-first-cincinnati-open|access-date=6 August 2026|work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Ein ranking move back to No. 2.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" /> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier [[Priscilla Hon]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tennery |first1=Amy |date=27 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka cruises past Hon in US Open first round |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-cruises-past-hon-us-open-first-round-2024-08-27/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> den Lucia Bronzetti insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka hammers Bronzetti to reach U.S. Open third round |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-hammers-bronzetti-reach-us-open-third-round-2024-08-28/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Ekaterina Alexandrova.<ref>{{cite web |date=31 August 2024 |title=Sabalenka shrugs off late US Open start to battle past Alexandrova |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-shrugs-off-late-us-open-start-battle-past-alexandrova-2024-08-31/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> She defeat Elise Mertens,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 September 2024 |title=Sabalenka reaches fourth US Open quarter-final in a row |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cy0n2p4ewl3o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908090411/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cy0n2p4ewl3o |archive-date=8 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> seventh seed Zheng Qinwen<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tennery |first1=Amy |date=4 September 2024 |title=Sabalenka cruises past Zheng to reach US Open semi-final |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-cruises-past-zheng-reach-us-open-semi-final-2024-09-04/ |accessdate=8 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> den Emma Navarro,<ref>{{cite web |date=6 September 2024 |title=Back-to-back: Sabalenka beats Navarro to make second straight US Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4107917/back-to-back-sabalenka-beats-navarro-to-make-second-straight-us-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908090410/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4107917/back-to-back-sabalenka-beats-navarro-to-make-second-straight-us-open-final |archive-date=8 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein second straight US Open final. She defeat sixth seed Jessica Pegula insyd straight sets to win ein first US Open singles title den third major singles title.<ref>{{cite web |date=7 September 2024 |title=World No. 2 Aryna Sabalenka wins US Open over American Jessica Pegula for third grand slam singles title |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/07/sport/us-open-final-pegula-sabalenka-spt-intl/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240907232122/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/09/07/sport/us-open-final-pegula-sabalenka-spt-intl/index.html |archive-date=7 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=7 September 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka bests American hope Jessica Pegula for U.S. Open title in New York City |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/sports/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-bests-american-hope-jessica-pegula-us-open-title-rcna169925 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908003344/https://www.nbcnews.com/sports/tennis/aryna-sabalenka-bests-american-hope-jessica-pegula-us-open-title-rcna169925 |archive-date=8 September 2024 |accessdate=8 September 2024 |publisher=NBC News}}</ref> She cam be de fifth woman to win de Australian Open den de US Open insyd de same year since 1988.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Maine|first=D’Arcy|date=7 September 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka beats Jessica Pegula to win elusive US Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/41167233/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-jessica-pegula-straight-sets-win-us-open|access-date=5 August 2026|work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> Sabalenka continue ein great form insyd China. At de China Open, she defeat qualifier [[Mananchaya Sawangkaew]],<ref>{{cite web |date=28 September 2024 |title=Sabalenka holds off qualifier Sawangkaew in Beijing for 13th straight win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4132051/sabalenka-holds-off-qualifier-sawangkaew-in-beijing-for-13th-straight-win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226091235/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4132051/sabalenka-holds-off-qualifier-sawangkaew-in-beijing-for-13th-straight-win |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> [[Ashlyn Krueger]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Big in Beijing: Sabalenka takes win streak to 14, one shy of career high |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4136517/big-in-beijing-sabalenka-takes-win-streak-to-14-one-shy-of-career-high |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241003203638/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4136517/big-in-beijing-sabalenka-takes-win-streak-to-14-one-shy-of-career-high |archive-date=3 October 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> den Madison Keys,<ref>{{cite web |date=1 October 2024 |title=Sabalenka beats Keys in Beijing to win 15th straight, matches personal best |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4138269/sabalenka-beats-keys-in-beijing-to-win-15th-straight-matches-personal-best |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112005634/https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4138269/sabalenka-beats-keys-in-beijing-to-win-15th-straight-matches-personal-best |archive-date=12 November 2024 |accessdate=11 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to Karolína Muchová insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Karolina Muchova snaps Aryna Sabalenka's 15-match win streak to reach Beijing semifinals |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-muchova-snaps-aryna-sabalenka-15-match-win-streak-zheng-qinwen-beijing |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112005633/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/karolina-muchova-snaps-aryna-sabalenka-15-match-win-streak-zheng-qinwen-beijing |archive-date=12 November 2024 |accessdate=11 November 2024 |publisher=Tennis.com}}</ref> At de Wuhan Open, wer she win back-to-back insyd 2018 den 2019, before de tournament be suspended secof [[COVID-19]] from 2020 til 2023, Sabalenka defeat Kateřina Siniaková insyd straight sets insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 October 2024 |title=Two-time defending champion Sabalenka returns to winning ways in Wuhan |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4146107/two-time-defending-champion-sabalenka-returns-to-winning-ways-in-wuhan |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam back from a set down against Yulia Putintseva.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka makes 11th straight quarterfinal to stay undefeated in Wuhan |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4146984/sabalenka-makes-11th-straight-quarterfinal-to-stay-undefeated-in-wuhan |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226164253/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4146984/sabalenka-makes-11th-straight-quarterfinal-to-stay-undefeated-in-wuhan |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de quarterfinals, she defeat [[Magdalena Fręch]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka's 42-winner barrage propels her into Wuhan semis; Gauff awaits |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4147473/sabalenkas-42-winner-barrage-propels-her-into-wuhan-semis-gauff-awaits |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she mount a comeback from a set den a break down against fourth seed Coco Gauff.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka snaps Gauff's streak to make third Wuhan final; faces Zheng |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4147952/sabalenka-snaps-gauffs-streak-to-make-third-wuhan-final-faces-zheng |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat fifth seed Zheng Qinwen insyd three sets to lift ein third Wuhan Open title den ein second WTA 1000 title for de 2024 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=13 October 2024 |title=Sabalenka beats Zheng in three-set thriller to win third Wuhan title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4148330/sabalenka-beats-zheng-in-three-set-thriller-to-win-third-wuhan-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241112163106/https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4148330/sabalenka-beats-zheng-in-three-set-thriller-to-win-third-wuhan-title |archive-date=12 November 2024 |accessdate=12 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After 11 months off de top insyd October, Sabalenka regain de WTA world number-one ranking.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Zagoria|first=Adam|date=21 October 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka Reclaims World No. 1 Ranking|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/adamzagoria/2024/10/21/aryna-sabalenka-reclaims-world-no-1-ranking/|access-date=7 August 2026|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Following wins against Zheng Qinwen<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka's decisive opening victory against Zheng sets tone at WTA Finals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4161763/sabalenkas-decisive-opening-victory-against-zheng-sets-tone-at-wta-finals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226182709/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4161763/sabalenkas-decisive-opening-victory-against-zheng-sets-tone-at-wta-finals |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> den Jasmine Paolini insyd ein first two group matches at de WTA Finals,<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2024 |title=Zheng into last four of Finals as Sabalenka loses |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c74lz1qqjqko |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113034321/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c74lz1qqjqko |archive-date=13 November 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> combined plus Świątek ein loss to Coco Gauff, Sabalenka for de first time go finish as year-end No. 1.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kapetanekis|first=Arthur|date=5 November 2024|title=Aryna Sabalenka clinches WTA year-end No. 1 ranking for first time|url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-11-05/aryna_sabalenka_clinches_wta_yearend_no_1_ranking_for_first_time.html|access-date=7 August 2026|work=US Open}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Macpherson|first=Alex|date=11 November 2024|title=Year-end rankings wrap: A look at the new No.1, Top 10 shifts and much more|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4166962/by-the-numbers-the-2024-year-end-rankings|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She loose ein last group match to Elena Rybakina<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2024 |title=Rybakina hands No.1 Sabalenka first loss at WTA Finals Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4164035/rybakina-hands-no1-sabalenka-first-loss-at-wta-finals-riyadh |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226171110/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4164035/rybakina-hands-no1-sabalenka-first-loss-at-wta-finals-riyadh |archive-date=26 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wey na she be defeated by Coco Gauff insyd de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gauff takes down Sabalenka and is one win away from the WTA Finals crown |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4165502/gauff-takes-down-sabalenka-and-is-one-win-away-from-the-wta-finals-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241207101323/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4165502/gauff-takes-down-sabalenka-and-is-one-win-away-from-the-wta-finals-crown |archive-date=7 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Insyd December, na dem name Sabalenka WTA Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 December 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka voted Player of the Year as WTA Awards Week kicks off |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4182688/aryna-sabalenka-voted-player-of-the-year-as-wta-awards-week-kicks-off |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241209210715/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4182688/aryna-sabalenka-voted-player-of-the-year-as-wta-awards-week-kicks-off |archive-date=9 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 December 2024 |title=Sabalenka voted WTA Player of the Year |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clyj6jm28dgo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241210085540/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clyj6jm28dgo |archive-date=10 December 2024 |accessdate=10 December 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> === 2025: US Open title, year-end No. 1 === Sabalenka start 2025 at de Brisbane International. She defeat [[Renata Zarazúa]],<ref>{{cite web |date=31 December 2024 |title=Sabalenka opens season with clinical Brisbane win |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr56jrzjd14o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106160357/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr56jrzjd14o |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Yulia Putintseva,<ref>{{cite web |title=Brisbane takeaways: Sabalenka overcomes tough first set, outlasts Putintseva |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193141/takeaways-sabalenka-passes-putintseva-test-to-reach-brisbane-quarters |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106160357/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193141/takeaways-sabalenka-passes-putintseva-test-to-reach-brisbane-quarters |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Marie Bouzková,<ref>{{cite web |date=3 January 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka advances to semis after 'really tough' battle against Marie Bouzková |url=https://www.nine.com.au/sport/tennis/brisbane-international-2025-aryna-sabalenka-quarter-finals-interview-marie-bouzkov-20250103-p5l20y.html |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=Nine}}</ref> den No. 16 Mirra Andreeva,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka beats Andreeva in Brisbane semis for 40th career win in Australia |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193992/sabalenka-beats-andreeva-in-brisbane-semis-for-40th-career-win-in-australia |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106005334/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4193992/sabalenka-beats-andreeva-in-brisbane-semis-for-40th-career-win-in-australia |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de final. Insyd de final, she cam back from a set down against qualifier [[Polina Kudermetova]] to win de title.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 January 2025 |title=Sabalenka wins Brisbane title; Osaka retires in Auckland |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cz6l53z974zo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250106083449/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cz6l53z974zo |archive-date=6 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=No.1 Sabalenka holds off Polina Kudermetova to win Brisbane title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194305/no-1-sabalenka-holds-off-polina-kudermetova-to-win-brisbane-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105160601/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194305/no-1-sabalenka-holds-off-polina-kudermetova-to-win-brisbane-title |archive-date=5 January 2025 |accessdate=6 January 2025 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> As de two-time defending champion at de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat Sloane Stephens,<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2025 |title=Sabalenka breezes past Stephens to make Australian Open second round |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/it-feels-like-home-two-time-defending-champion-sabalenka-breezes-past-stephens-in-melbourne-803297.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250115180743/https://www.tennismajors.com/australian-open-news/it-feels-like-home-two-time-defending-champion-sabalenka-breezes-past-stephens-in-melbourne-803297.html |archive-date=15 January 2025 |access-date=12 January 2025 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> [[Jéssica Bouzas Maneiro]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Siegemund upsets Zheng; Sabalenka holds on at Australian Open|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4198740/siegemund-upsets-zheng-sabalenka-holds-on-at-australian-open|access-date=17 January 2025|work=Women's Tennis Association|language=en|archive-date=17 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117030057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4198740/siegemund-upsets-zheng-sabalenka-holds-on-at-australian-open|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Clara Tauson]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka clinches tense match with scorching backhand|url=https://www.smh.com.au/sport/tennis/sabalenka-clinches-tense-match-with-scorching-backhand-20250117-p5l58c.html|access-date=17 January 2025|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|date=17 January 2025|language=en|archive-date=17 January 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250117030057/https://www.smh.com.au/sport/tennis/sabalenka-clinches-tense-match-with-scorching-backhand-20250117-p5l58c.html|url-status=live}}</ref> den No. 15 Mirra Andreeva, widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova insyd three sets to reach de semifinals. She defeat No.12 Paula Badosa insyd straight sets to advance to ein third straight Australian Open final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka sweeps past Badosa into third straight AO final|url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/sabalenka-sweeps-past-badosa-third-straight-ao-final|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to No. 14 Madison Keys insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Australian Open: Keys upsets 2-time champion Sabalenka in women's final for 1st Grand Slam title|url=https://apnews.com/article/australian-open-2025-women-final-keys-sabalenka-9c448968ccd1ef1e3ccc1a068d1808bc|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Australian Open F: Aryna Sabalenka vs Madison Keys Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250125-W-Australian_Open-F-Aryna_Sabalenka-Madison_Keys.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> At de Qatar Open, Sabalenka loose ein opening match against Ekaterina Alexandrova.<ref>{{cite news|title=Alexandrova stuns Sabalenka in third-set tiebreak for sixth straight win|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4214516/alexandrova-stuns-sabalenka-in-third-set-tiebreak-for-sixth-straight-win|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> At de Dubai Championships, she defeat qualifier Veronika Kudermetov<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|title=Sabalenka wins in Dubai; Zheng and Andreeva matches postponed to Wednesday|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4217914/sabalenka-wins-in-dubai-zheng-and-andreeva-matches-postponed-to-wednesday|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> before losing to Clara Tauson.<ref>{{cite news|title=Clara Tauson thumps Aryna Sabalenka in Dubai third-round upset|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/clara-tauson-thumps-aryna-sabalenka-in-dubai-third-round-upset|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> [[File:Aryna_Sabalenka_at_2025_Miami_Open_04_(cropped).jpg|right|thumb| Sabalenka at a 2025 Miami Open press conference]] At de Indian Wells, Sabalenka defeat [[McCartney Kessler]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Indian Wells R64: Aryna Sabalenka vs Mccartney Kessler Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250308-W-Indian_Wells-R64-Aryna_Sabalenka-Mccartney_Kessler.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref><ref name="tennis.com">{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins Indian Wells opener over McCartney Kessler|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wins-indian-wells-opener-mccartney-kessler|access-date=9 March 2025}}</ref> Lucia Bronzetti,<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka annihilates Bronzetti in the 3rd round – INDIAN WELLS RESULTS. HIGHLIGHTS. HIGHLIGHTS, INTERVIEW|url=https://tennistonic.com/tennis-news/835884/aryna-sabalenka-annihilates-bronzetti-in-the-3rd-round-indian-wells-results-highlights-highlights-interview/|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> lucky loser [[Sonay Kartal]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Indian Wells takeaways: Sabalenka reaches quarters for second time|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4232446/indian-wells-takeaways-sabalenka-reaches-quarters-for-second-time|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> den Liudmila Samsonova,<ref>{{cite news|title=Indian Wells: Aryna Sabalenka Eases Past Liudmila Samsonova To Set Up SF Against Madison Keys|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/sports/tennis/indian-wells-open-2025-aryna-sabalenka-beats-liudmila-samsonova-to-set-up-semifinal-against-madison-keys-match-report|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de semifinals. Insyd a rematch of dema Australian Open final, she defeat fifth seed Madison Keys insyd straight sets to reach ein second Indian Wells final.<ref>{{cite news|title=Women's Semifinal: Stingy Sabalenka Gets Rapid Revenge On Keys|url=https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/aryna-sabalenka-madison-keys-2025|access-date=14 March 2025}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to ninth seed Mirra Andreeva insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite news|date=16 March 2025|title=Mirra Andreeva stops No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka for Indian Wells title|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/44279674/mirra-andreeva-stops-no-1-aryna-sabalenka-indian-wells-title|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> At de Miami Open, Sabalenka defeat [[Viktoriya Tomova]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka makes quick work of Tomova to book Miami third-round spot|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4236330/sabalenka-makes-quick-work-of-tomova-to-book-miami-third-round-spot|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> She reach de fourth round as qualifier [[Elena-Gabriela Ruse]] retire while trailing by a set.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka wins as Elena-Gabriela Ruse retires injured|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/44361560/aryna-sabalenka-wins-elena-gabriela-ruse-retires-injury|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> She defeat defending champion Danielle Collins,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka ousts defending champ Collins; to meet Zheng in Miami quarters|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4238241/sabalenka-ousts-defending-champ-collins-to-meet-zheng-in-miami-quarters|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> ninth seed Zheng Qinwen,<ref>{{cite news|title=Miami Open: Aryna Sabalenka Improves to 6–0 Over Qinwen Zheng|url=https://www.si.com/onsi/serve/news/miami-open-aryna-sabalenka-improves-6-0-over-qinwen-zheng|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Miami QF: Qinwen Zheng vs Aryna Sabalenka Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250325-W-Miami-QF-Qinwen_Zheng-Aryna_Sabalenka.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> sixth seed Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka to face Pegula in Miami final as Eala beaten|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c17q4kz90xwo|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref> den fourth seed Jessica Pegula to win de title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Jessica Pegula, wins Miami Open|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/44459318/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-jessica-pegula-wins-miami-open|access-date=6 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Miami F: Aryna Sabalenka vs Jessica Pegula Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250329-W-Miami-F-Aryna_Sabalenka-Jessica_Pegula.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> She cam be de eighth player to have surpassed de 10,000 points mark insyd de WTA rankings.<ref>{{Cite news|date=30 March 2025|title=World No.1 Aryna Sabalenka surpasses greats on all-time WTA rankings with first Miami Open title|url=https://www.nine.com.au/sport/tennis/miami-open-final-2025-aryna-sabalenka-defeats-jessica-pegula-results-wta-rankings-record-20250330-p5lnne.html|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[Nine.com.au]]}}</ref> Starting ein clay season at de Stuttgart Open, Sabalenka reach de quarterfinals via walkover wen Anastasia Potapova withdraw secof injury.<ref name="express.co.uk">{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka in 'awkward' situation as she asks rival 'what are you doing to me?'|url=https://www.express.co.uk/sport/tennis/2042919/Aryna-Sabalenka-Porsche-Tennis-Grand-Prix-Stuttgart|access-date=17 April 2025}}</ref> She defeat Elise Mertens<ref name="express.co.uk" /> den fifth seed Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{Cite news|date=20 April 2025|title=Sabalenka beats Paolini to reach fourth Stuttgart final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c0l09ylz23do|access-date=4 August 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein fourth Stuttgart final. She loose de championship match against Jeļena Ostapenko insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2025 |title=Ostapenko defeats Sabalenka for first time to claim Stuttgart title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4252173/ostapenko-defeats-sabalenka-for-first-time-to-claim-stuttgart-title |website=WTATennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=21 April 2025 |title=Jelena Ostapenko stuns Aryna Sabalenka to win Tennis Grand Prix in Stuttgart |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6295962/2025/04/21/jelena-ostapenko-stuttgart-tennis-grand-prix-sabalenka-result-analysis/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, Sabalenka defeat qualifier Anna Blinkova insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka passes Blinkova test to advance to Madrid third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4253943/sabalenka-passes-blinkova-test-to-advance-to-madrid-third-round |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Elise Mertens.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka defeats Mertens for ninth straight time to make Madrid last 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4255050/sabalenka-defeats-mertens-for-ninth-straight-time-to-make-madrid-last-16 |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> She defeat Peyton Stearns,<ref>{{cite web |date=29 April 2025 |title=No. 1 Sabalenka moves past Stearns into Madrid quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4256297/no-1-sabalenka-moves-past-stearns-into-madrid-quarterfinals |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> Marta Kostyuk,<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka weathers Marta Kostyuk in windy Madrid quarterfinal |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-weathers-marta-kostyuk-windy-madrid-quarterfinal |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> den Elina Svitolina,<ref>{{cite web |date=May 2025 |title=Top seed Sabalenka powers into Madrid final for fourth time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257357/top-seed-sabalenka-powers-into-madrid-final-for-fourth-time |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach ein fourth Madrid final. Insyd de final, she defeat fourth seed Coco Gauff insyd straight sets to claim ein third Madrid Open title.<ref>{{cite web |date=3 May 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka beats Coco Gauff to win Madrid Open |url=https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/aryna-sabalenka-beats-coco-gauff-183100482.html |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka's Madrid win makes a bigger title in Paris look more possible than ever |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-madrid-win-makes-bigger-title-paris-look-more-possible-ever-gauff |access-date=3 May 2025}}</ref> She cam be de third woman to surpass 11,000 points insyd de WTA rankings after Serena Williams den Iga Świątek.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 May 2024 |title=Sabalenka owned Madrid, and there's no reason to doubt what comes next |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4258560/sabalenka-owned-madrid-and-there-s-no-reason-to-doubt-what-comes-next |accessdate=12 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=5 May 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka surpasses 11,000 ranking points, joins Serena and Iga on exclusive list |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-surpasses-11000-ranking-points-after-madrid-williams-swiatek-draper-musetti |accessdate=12 June 2024}}</ref> Insyd Rome, Sabalenka defeat Anastasia Potapova insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 May 2025 |title=Banter off court, business on it: Sabalenka opens Rome campaign with win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4261943/banter-off-court-business-on-it-sabalenka-opens-rome-campaign-with-win |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she cam from a set down to defeat Sofia Kenin.<ref>{{cite web |title=Make it eight in a row for Sabalenka after comeback win over Kenin in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4262871/no-deja-vu-sabalenka-avenges-2023-rome-loss-to-kenin-in-three-sets |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> She defeat Marta Kostyuk insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals,<ref>{{cite web |title=First Madrid, now Rome: Sabalenka turns back Kostyuk again |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4264371/first-madrid-now-rome-sabalenka-turns-back-kostyuk-again |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> wer she loose to eighth seed Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Seventh time's the charm! Zheng earns first win over Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4265415/seventh-times-the-charm-zheng-earns-first-win-over-sabalenka |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Zheng ends Sabalenka's winning streak to reach the final four in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4265417/zheng-ends-sabalenkas-winning-streak-to-reach-the-final-four-in-rome |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka defeat Kamilla Rakhimova,<ref>{{cite web |date=25 May 2025 |title=Sabalenka loses only one game in Paris opener |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c331rejg1exo |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> Jil Teichmann,<ref>{{cite web |title=Roland Garros takeaways: Sabalenka settles in after early trouble to beat Teichmann |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4274796/roland-garros-takeaways-sabalenka-settles-in-after-early-trouble-to-beat-teichmann |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> [[Olga Danilović]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka vs Danilovic: Things we learned |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2025-aryna-sabalenka-v-olga-danilovic-things-we-learned |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> Amanda Anisimova,<ref>{{cite web |date=June 2025 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka reaches third straight Roland Garros quarterfinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4276621/world-no-1-sabalenka-reaches-third-straight-roland-garros-quarterfinal |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> den Zheng Qinwen,<ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2025 |title=Sabalenka defeats Zheng for seventh time to reach Roland Garros semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4277647/sabalenka-defeats-zheng-for-seventh-time-to-reach-roland-garros-semifinals |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de semifinals. Insyd de semifinals, she defeat three-time defending champion Iga Świątek insyd three sets to reach ein first French Open final.<ref name="WTARG">{{cite web |date=5 June 2024 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Roland Garros SF: Iga Swiatek vs Aryna Sabalenka Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250605-W-Roland_Garros-SF-Iga_Swiatek-Aryna_Sabalenka.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Madrid Open final, she loose to second seed Coco Gauff insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2025 Roland Garros F: Coco Gauff vs Aryna Sabalenka Detailed Stats {{!}} Tennis Abstract |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/charting/20250607-W-Roland_Garros-F-Coco_Gauff-Aryna_Sabalenka.html |access-date=16 June 2025 |website=www.tennisabstract.com}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=A champion's heart: Gauff defeats Sabalenka to win French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4280339/a-champions-heart-gauff-defeats-sabalenka-to-win-french-open |accessdate=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein grass season at de Berlin Open. She defeat qualifier [[Rebeka Masarova]] insyd straight sets to reach de quarterfinals.<ref>{{cite web |date=18 June 2025 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka's second-round match in Berlin suspended overnight |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4290048/world-no-1-sabalenkas-second-round-match-in-berlin-suspended-overnight |access-date=19 June 2025}}</ref> She defeat No. 11 Elena Rybakina insyd three sets to reach de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 June 2025 |title=Down 6–2 in final-set tiebreak, Sabalenka escapes Rybakina in Berlin |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4292091/down-6-2-in-final-set-tiebreak-sabalenka-escapes-rybakina-in-berlin |access-date=20 June 2025}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to eventual champion Markéta Vondroušová insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 June 2025 |title=Vondrousova ousts Sabalenka in Berlin, earns first win over a World No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4293012/vondrousova-ousts-sabalenka-in-berlin-earns-first-win-over-a-world-no-1 |access-date=21 June 2025}}</ref> At de Wimbledon Championships, Sabalenka beat qualifier [[Carson Branstine]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Happy return for Sabalenka |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-06-30/happy_return_for_sabalenka.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Marie Bouzková,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka proves her intensity against Bouzkova |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-02/sabalenka_proves_her_intensity_against_bouzkova.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Emma Raducanu,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka ends Raducanu's Wimbledon dream |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-04/sabalenka_ends_raducanus_dream.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> den Elise Mertens,<ref>{{cite web |title=Sabalenka sees off Mertens |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-06/sabalenka_sees_off_mertens.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She defeat [[Laura Siegemund]] insyd three sets to advance to de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka conquers inspired Laura Siegemund on Wimbledon Centre Court |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-conquers-inspired-laura-siegemund-on-wimbledon-centre-court |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to No. 12 Amanda Anisimova insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Anisimova stuns Sabalenka to reach first Grand Slam final |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2025-07-10/anisimova_stuns_sabalenka_to_reach_first_grand_slam_final.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Despite dis loss, she cam be de first woman to surpass 12,000 points on de WTA rankings since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kallet|first=Brad|date=18 July 2025|title=Sabalenka becomes first player to top 12,000 points since Serena in '15|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4316764/sabalenka-becomes-first-player-to-top-12000-points-since-serena-in-15|access-date=4 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Berkok|first=John|date=17 July 2025|title=Aryna Sabalenka surpasses 12,000 ranking points, the first woman since Serena Williams in 2015|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-first-woman-since-serena-williams-to-surpass-12000-ranking-points|access-date=4 August 2026|work=Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka start ein US hard court season at de Cincinnati Open. She defeat Markéta Vondroušová insyd straight sets insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 August 2025 |title=Cincinnati Open: Sabalenka sets up Round of 32 showdown with Raducanu |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/cincinnati-open-sabalenka-sets-up-round-of-32-showdown-with-raducanu-832770.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de third round, she defeat Emma Raducanu insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 August 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka Escapes Emma Raducanu in Cincinnati Open |url=https://www.si.com/onsi/serve/news/aryna-sabalenka-escapes-emma-raducanu-cincinnati-open |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> She defeat Jessica Bouzas Maneiro insyd straight sets to advance to de quarterfinals. <ref>{{cite web |date=14 August 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka sprints past Jessica Bouzas Maneiro, sets blockbuster Cincinnati Open clash against Elena Rybakina |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/aryna-sabalenka-sprints-past-jessica-bouzas-maneiro-sets-blockbuster-cincinnati-open-clash-against-elena-rybakina |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de quarterfinals, she loose to ninth seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=15 August 2025 |title=Cincinnati Open: Stormy Rybakina stuns Sabalenka, advances to semi-finals |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/cincinnati-open-stormy-rybakina-stuns-sabalenka-advances-to-semi-finals-833144.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> At de US Open, Sabalenka defeat Rebeka Masarova, Polina Kudermetova, Leylah Fernandez, den [[Cristina Bucșa]],<ref>{{cite web |date=1 September 2025 |title='I play to win': Sabalenka reaches another US Open quarterfinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4354162/im-not-playing-not-to-lose-i-play-to-win-sabalenka-through-to-fifth-straight-us-open-quarterfinal |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> widout dropping a set, to reach de quarterfinals. She advance to de semifinals via walkover wen Markéta Vondroušová withdraw secof injury.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hansen |first1=James |last2=Futterman |first2=Matthew |date=2 September 2025 |title=Marketa Vondrousova pulls out of U.S. Open quarterfinal with Aryna Sabalenka with injury |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6593120/2025/09/02/vondrousova-us-open-withdrawal-injury/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema 2024 US Open final, she cam from a set down to defeat fourth seed Jessica Pegula den reach ein third consecutive US Open final.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2025 |title=Sabalenka holds firm against Pegula to return to the US Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4357002/sabalenka-pulls-through-late-against-pegula-to-make-the-us-open-final |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Axson |first1=Scooby |last2=Flores |first2=Elizabeth |date=4 September 2025 |title=Defending champion Aryna Sabalenka ousts Jessica Pegula in three-set US Open semifinal |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/tennis/2025/09/04/sabalenka-pegula-tv-time-results-updates/85957989007/ |work=[[USA Today]]}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema Wimbledon semifinal, she defeat eighth seed Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets to win ein second US Open title den fourth major title. She cam be de first player to defend a US Open singles title since Serena Williams insyd 2014.<ref name="CBSUSOpen2025">{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Amanda Anisimova, winning 2nd straight U.S. Open final |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-open-women-final-winner-aryna-sabalenka-amanda-anisimova/ |access-date=25 April 2026 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=How Aryna Sabalenka beat Amanda Anisimova to defend her US Open 2025 women's singles title |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/live-blogs/us-open-2025-live-updates-womens-final-scores-result/tXLDqut2p9wM/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> As de three-time defending champion at de Wuhan Open, Sabalenka cam from a set down to overcome [[Rebecca Sramkova]] insyd ein opening match.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 October 2025 |title=Still unbeaten in Wuhan: Sabalenka overcomes Sramkova from a set down |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4378258/still-unbeaten-in-wuhan-sabalenka-overcomes-sramkova-from-a-set-down |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> She defeat Liudmila Samsonova<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka's Wuhan winning streak reaches 19 matches |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wuhan-winning-streak-reaches-19-matches |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> den eight seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to advance to de semifinals.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 October 2025 |title=Sabalenka's Wuhan streak hits 20 with first straight-sets victory over Rybakina |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4379331/sabalenka-posts-first-straight-sets-win-vs-rybakina-now-20-0-in-wuhan |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals, she loose to sixth seed Jessica Pegula insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jessica Pegula ends Aryna Sabalenka's unbeaten Wuhan reign to set Coco Gauff final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/jessica-pegula-ends-aryna-sabalenka-unbeaten-wuhan-reign-comeback-gauff |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> Sabalenka make ein fifth consecutive appearance at de WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka becomes first to qualify for WTA Finals Riyadh presented by PIF|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4305595/sabalenka-becomes-first-to-qualify-for-wta-finals-riyadh-presented-by-pif|access-date=11 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=7 July 2025}}</ref> She win all ein three matches insyd de round-robin stage against Jasmine Paolini,<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka celebrates 500th WTA match with win over Paolini in Riyadh|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4395054/sabalenka-celebrates-milestone-500th-match-with-win-over-paolini-in-riyadh|access-date=9 September 2026|work=WTA Tennis|date=2 November 2025}}</ref> Jessica Pegula,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Poole|first1=Harry|title='Beast mode' Sabalenka beats Pegula at WTA Finals|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2lje570geo|access-date=9 September 2026|work=[[BBC Sport]]|date=4 November 2025}}</ref> den Coco Gauff<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2025 |title=Sabalenka takes out Gauff to round out semifinals in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4397426/sabalenka-takes-out-gauff-to-round-out-wta-finals-semifinal-four |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> to reach de semifinals. She defeat Amanda Anisimova insyd three sets to reach ein second WTA Finals final.<ref name="OlympicsWTA2025">{{cite web |title=WTA Finals 2025: Aryna Sabalenka outlasts Amanda Anisimova to reach championship match |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/wta-finals-2025-aryna-sabalenka-reaches-final |access-date=25 April 2026}}</ref> Insyd de final, she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 November 2025 |title=The perfect ending: Rybakina tops Sabalenka to win WTA Finals crown |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4398548/rybakina-takes-down-sabalenka-to-close-2025-with-wta-finals-crown |access-date=8 November 2025}}</ref> For de second year in a row, Sabalenka fini as de year-end No. 1.<ref name=":7">{{Cite news|last=Macpherson|first=Alex|date=10 November 2025|title=The 2025 year-end rankings wrap: Milestones, movers, records and more|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4399733/the-2025-year-end-rankings-wrap-milestones-movers-records-and-more|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She sanso hold de No. 1 position uninterrupted thru de entire season.<ref name=":7" /> Na dem sanso name am WTA Player of de Year for de second year in a row.<ref>{{Cite news|date=15 December 2025|title=And the winners of the 2025 WTA Tour player awards are ...|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4418879/and-the-winners-of-the-2025-wta-tour-player-awards-are|access-date=7 August 2026|work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> On 28 December 2025, Sabalenka (women's singles world No. 1) den [[Nick Kyrgios]] (men's singles world No. 671) contest an exhibition match dem promote as de ''Battle of the Sexes'' at de Coca-Cola Arena insyd Dubai.<ref>{{cite news|author1=|title=Sabalenka, Kyrgios see only positives from 'Battle of the Sexes' match|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-kyrgios-see-only-positives-battle-sexes-match-2025-12-29/|access-date=1 January 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=29 December 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author1=Al Jazeera Staff|title=Kyrgios beats Sabalenka 6–3, 6–3 in ‘Battle of the Sexes’ tennis showdown|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/sports/2025/12/28/kyrgios-beats-sabalenka-6-3-6-3-in-battle-of-the-sexes-tennis-showdown|access-date=1 January 2026|work=[[Al Jazeera]]}}</ref> Na de event be organized by dema shared management agency, Evolve. Na dem play de match as a three-set contest under modified rules: na dem reduce de dimensions of Sabalenka ein side of de court by 9%, den both players be restricted to a single serve per point. Insyd de event of a tie, a 10-point match tiebreak go be played.<ref name="SkySports_Dec2025">{{cite web |date=28 December 2025 |title=Battle of the Sexes: Nick Kyrgios beats Aryna Sabalenka in special tennis exhibition match in Dubai |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/13488047/battle-of-the-sexes-nick-kyrgios-beats-aryna-sabalenka-in-special-tennis-exhibition-match-in-dubai |access-date=1 January 2026 |publisher=[[Sky Sports]]}}</ref> According to Evolve, na de court-size adjustment be intended to "reflect average movement-speed differences between men and women".<ref>{{cite news|last1=Braidwood|first1=Jamie|title=Kyrgios v Sabalenka rules: Battle of the Sexes to use modified court and serve limit|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/kyrgios-sabalenka-rules-court-size-serve-b2891096.html|access-date=1 January 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=28 December 2025}}</ref> Kyrgios defeat Sabalenka insyd straight sets, 6–3, 6–3.<ref name="SkySports_Dec2025" /> === 2026: Sunshine Double, Australian Open den US Open finalist === Sabalenka begin ein 2026 season at de Brisbane International. She defeat Cristina Bucșa,<ref>{{cite web |date=6 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka opens 2026 with 48-minute win over Bucsa in Brisbane |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4428905/sabalenka-opens-2026-with-47-minute-win-over-bucsa-in-brisbane |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Sorana Cîrstea,<ref>{{cite web |date=8 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka defeats Cirstea to march on to Brisbane quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4430486/sabalenka-defeats-cirstea-to-march-on-to-brisbane-quarterfinals |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> fifth seed Madison Keys,<ref>{{cite web |date=9 January 2026 |title=Muchova halts Rybakina’s win streak; to face Sabalenka in Brisbane semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431345/muchova-extinguishes-rybakinas-win-streak-to-do-battle-with-sabalenka-in-brisbane-semis |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Karolína Muchová,<ref>{{cite web |date=10 January 2026 |title=Kostyuk knocks out Pegula to set up Brisbane final against Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431929/kostyuk-knocks-out-pegula-to-set-up-brisbane-final-against-sabalenka |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> den Marta Kostyuk to successfully defend ein title, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka wins 22nd title in Brisbane, passes Azarenka for third among active players |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4432399/sabalenka-wins-22nd-title-in-brisbane-passes-azarenka-for-third-among-active-players |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Sabalenka defeat wildcard entrant [[Tiantsoa Sarah Rakotomanga Rajaonah]],<ref>{{cite web |date=18 January 2026 |title=Fearless at the net: How Sabalenka solved an unknown opponent at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4436276/aryna-sabalenka-passes-first-round-test-of-tiantsoa-rakotomanga-rajaonah-in-straight-sets-australian-open-2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> qualifier [[Bai Zhuoxuan]],<ref>{{cite news|last1=Church|first1=Michael|title=Top seed Sabalenka sees off Bai to progress to third round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/top-seed-sabalenka-sees-off-bai-progress-third-round-2026-01-21/|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=21 January 2026}}</ref> Anastasia Potapova,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ransom|first1=Ian|title=Sabalenka passes Potapova test to reach Australian Open fourth round|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/sabalenka-passes-potapova-test-reach-australian-open-fourth-round-2026-01-23/|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=23 January 2023}}</ref> [[Victoria Mboko]],<ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2026 |title=Sabalenka raises her game when it counts to beat Mboko at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4439156/sabalenka-raises-her-game-when-it-counts-to-beat-mboko-in-melbourne |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> [[Iva Jovic]],<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2026 |title=By the numbers: Sabalenka ends Jovic's run to reach fourth straight Melbourne semifinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4439974/by-the-numbers-sabalenka-thwarts-jovic-to-reach-fourth-straight-australian-open-semifinal |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> den Elina Svitolina to reach ein fourth consecutive Australian Open final, widout dropping a set en route.<ref>{{cite web |date=29 January 2026 |title=Back again! Sabalenka bests Svitolina to reach fourth straight Australian Open final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4441201/back-again-aryna-sabalenka-bests-elina-svitolina-to-reach-her-fourth-straight-australian-open-final |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Insyd a rematch of dema 2025 WTA Finals den 2023 Australian Open finals, she be defeated by fifth seed Elena Rybakina insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sridhar|first1=Shrivathsa|title=Red-hot Rybakina resists Sabalenka to reign at Australian Open|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/rybakina-overpowers-sabalenka-win-first-australian-open-title-2026-01-31/|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[Reuters]]|date=31 January 2026}}</ref> Sabalenka skip de Middle East swing for fatigue-related reasons.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek pull out of Dubai Duty Free Tennis Championships just days before tournament begins |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/aryna-sabalenka-and-iga-swiatek-pull-out-of-dubai-duty-free-tennis-championships-just-days-before-tournament-begins |accessdate=14 February 2026 |publisher=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> She return to play at de Indian Wells Open. She defeat qualifier [[Himeno Sakatsume]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Bambini |first=Cole |date=6 March 2026 |title=By the numbers: Sabalenka defeats Sakatsume in 100th match as World No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4463766/aryna-sabalenka-defeats-himeno-sakatsume-in-100th-match-as-world-no-1-by-the-numbers |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Jaqueline Cristian,<ref>{{cite web |last=Garber |first=Greg |date=8 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka handles Cristian, Osaka next in Indian Wells |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4464719/sabalenka |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Naomi Osaka,<ref>{{cite web |last=Garber |first=Greg |date=10 March 2026 |title=Stellar serving propels Sabalenka past Osaka, into Indian Wells quarters |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4465964/stellar-serving-propels-sabalenka-past-osaka-into-indian-wells-quarters |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> tenth seed Victoria Mboko,<ref name="WTAIW2026">{{Cite web |date=12 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka tops Mboko for second time in 2026 to make Indian Wells semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4467765/sabalenka-tops-mboko-for-second-time-in-2026-to-make-indian-wells-semis |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> den Linda Nosková<ref>{{cite web |last=Bambini |first=Cole |date=14 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka holds off Noskova to reach third Indian Wells final in four years |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4468675/aryna-sabalenka-powers-past-linda-noskova-to-reach-third-indian-wells-final-in-four-years-bnp-paribas-open |work=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> to reach ein third Indian Wells final, widout dropping a set en route. Insyd a rematch of dema Australian Open den 2023 Indian Wells Open finals, she defeat third seed Elena Rybakina to win ein first Indian Wells title den tenth WTA 1000 title, saving a match point insyd de third-set tiebreaker.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 March 2026 |title=Aryna Sabalenka outlasts Elena Rybakina for Indian Wells title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/48217347/aryna-sabalenka-outlasts-elena-rybakina-indian-wells-title |publisher=[[ESPN]]}}</ref> At de Miami Open, Sabalenka defeat Ann Li,<ref>{{cite web |date=21 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka embraces the fight in Miami return to earn seventh straight win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4473678/sabalenka-embraces-the-fight-to-run-winning-streak-to-seven |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> [[Caty McNally]],<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka to meet Zheng in high-stakes Miami showdown |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4474642/surging-sabalenka-to-meet-rebounding-zheng-in-miami-round-of-16 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Zheng Qinwen,<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=23 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka tops Zheng to set Miami quarterfinal against red-hot Baptiste |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4475217/sabalenka-tops-zheng-again-to-set-miami-quarterfinal-against-baptiste |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> den [[Hailey Baptiste]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=26 March 2026 |title=Timely breaks lift Sabalenka past Baptiste as Rybakina rematch looms in Miami semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4476471/timely-breaks-lift-sabalenka-past-baptiste-as-rybakina-rematch-looms-in-miami-semis |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> to reach de semifinals, widout dropping a set en route. Insyd de semifinals, she defeat third seed Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to reach ein second straight Miami final.<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=27 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka's win over Rybakina sends her to second straight Miami final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4477126/sabalenka-delivers-commanding-victory-over-rybakina-to-reach-second-straight-miami-final |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Insyd de final, she defeat fourth seed Coco Gauff insyd three sets to win ein second straight Miami Open title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka outlasts Gauff in 3 sets to capture Miami Open title|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/48333265/sabalenka-outlasts-gauff-3-sets-capture-miami-open-title|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[ESPN]]|date=28 March 2026}}</ref> She cam be de first player since Iga Świątek insyd 2022 to complete de Sunshine Double den de fifth woman overall to complete de Sunshine Double insyd singles.<ref name="WTAMiami2026">{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=28 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka wins Miami title to become first to complete Sunshine Double since 2022 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4478182/sabalenka-wins-miami-title-to-become-first-to-complete-sunshine-double-since-2022 |access-date=29 March 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player, male anaa female, to complete de achievement insyd both singles den doubles, having previously completed de Sunshine Double insyd doubles at de 2019 Miami Open.<ref name="Local10Miami">{{cite web |last=Mackey |first=Ryan |date=28 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka defeats Gauff to defend Miami Open crown, earns Sunshine Double |url=https://www.local10.com/sports/local/2026/03/28/sabalenka-defeats-gauff-to-defend-miami-open-crown-earn-sunshine-double/ |work=[[WPLG]]}}</ref> Secof an injury, Sabalenka withdraw from Stuttgart, wer na she be runner-up de previous year. She start ein clay season plus a first round bye insyd Madrid. She then defeat [[Peyton Stearns]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka ousts Stearns in Madrid opener with timely breaks, second-serve returns |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4492174/aryna-sabalenka-gets-past-peyton-stearns-in-madrid-opener-timely-breaks-second-serve-returns |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> den 29th seed [[Jaqueline Cristian]] to reach fourth round.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Osaka and Sabalenka to renew rivalry on clay in Madrid |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4493766/osaka-and-sabalenka-to-renew-rivalry-on-clay-in-madrid |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> Insyd de fourth round, she cam back from a set den a break down to defeat [[Naomi Osaka]] to reach ein 17th consecutive quarterfinal on de WTA tour.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka survives Osaka challenge from a set and a break down in Madrid |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4494605/sabalenka-survives-osaka-challenge-from-a-set-and-a-break-down-in-madrid |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> She loose insyd de querterfinals to [[Hailey Baptiste]] after having six match points.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Baptiste saves six match points to stun Sabalenka |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/c1e2p5lz6wyo |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> She receive bye insyd de first round insyd Rome, then she defeat Barbora Krejčíková insyd straight sets, before losing to 26th seed [[Sorana Cirstea]] insyd de third round after she be a break den a set up, thus dey mark an end to ein 17 consecutive quarterfinals streak on WTA Tour.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Happy with the level': Sabalenka takes out Krejcikova with straight-sets win in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4500241/sabalenka-extends-head-to-head-edge-over-krejcikova-with-straight-sets-win-in-rome |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Roman renaissance! In final season, Cirstea upsets Sabalenka in third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4501069/roman-renaissance-in-final-season-cirstea-stuns-sabalenka |accessdate=9 May 2026 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de French Open, Sabalenka reach de quarterfinals after defeating fellow Grand Slam champion Naomi Osaka insyd de first women's night session match since 2023.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=1 June 2026|title=Sabalenka powers past Osaka in first women’s night match at French Open since 2023|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2026/jun/01/sabalenka-powers-past-osaka-in-first-womens-night-match-in-paris-since-2023|access-date=3 June 2026|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> However, she then loose to 25th seed [[Diana Shnaider]] after a bagel insyd de third set, ending ein hopes of securing a slam on a natural surface.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 June 2026 |title=French Open 2026 results: Aryna Sabalenka crumbles in defeat by Diana Shnaider in quarter-finals |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/clypeq8ljp6o |access-date=3 June 2026 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> Sabalenka begin ein grass-court season at Berlin, wer she defeat [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]], after receiving a first round bye.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Poser |first1=Noah |date=17 June 2026 |title=By the numbers: Sabalenka powers past Alexandrova and into Berlin quarters |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4521112/by-the-numbers-sabalenkas-serve-powers-her-past-alexandrova-and-into-berlin-quarters |access-date=5 July 2026}}</ref> She overcam a second set deficit to defeat [[Nikola Bartůňková]] to advance to de semifinals,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lofthouse |first1=Amy |date=19 June 2026 |title=Sabalenka battles back from brink in Berlin |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/clyegxzj01po |access-date=5 July 2026 |website=BBC}}</ref> wer she loose to Jessica Pegula plus a third set bagel.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 June 2026 |title=Sabalenka loses deciding set 6–0 to Pegula in Berlin |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg4182l37po |access-date=5 July 2026 |website=BBC}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Sabalenka loose insyd de fourth round to Osaka. Dis mark de first time since de 2022 French Open wey she loose a major match before de quarterfinals, snapping a streak of 14 major quarterfinal appearances.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 July 2026 |title=Naomi Osaka beats Aryna Sabalenka to reach Wimbledon quarters |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/49278057/naomi-osaka-overpowers-aryna-sabalenka-reach-wimbledon-quarterfinals |access-date=5 July 2026 |website=ESPN}}</ref> At de Canadian Open, Sabalenka loose to Alexandrova insyd de fourth round.<ref>{{cite web |last=Weese |first=Lukas |date=8 August 2026 |title=Aryna Sabalenka falls to Ekaterina Alexandrova in biggest upset of Canadian Open |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/7501739/2026/08/08/aryna-sabalenka-ekaterina-alexandrova-canadian-open-upset/ |access-date=15 September 2026 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> Na she get anoda fourth-round appearance at de Cincinnati Open, buh she loose to [[Sára Bejlek]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |author=<!-- not stated --> |date=20 August 2026 |title=Bejlek stuns No. 1 Sabalenka in Cincinnati to reach first WTA 1000 quarterfinal |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4563121/bejlek-stuns-sabalenka-in-straight-sets-to-reach-cincinnati-quarterfinals |access-date=15 September 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> Sabalenka enter de US Open she be in contention for de world no. 1 ranking.<ref>{{cite web |author=<!-- not stated --> |date=25 August 2026 |title=Sabalenka’s No. 1 ranking is on the line at the US Open. Here’s who can overtake her |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4566428/breaking-down-the-no-1-ranking-how-rybakina-gauff-and-pegula-can-overtake-sabalenka |access-date=15 September 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She ultimately reach de final wey she loose to Rybakina insyd three sets, ending ein bid for a three-peat. She sanso loose de no. 1 ranking to Rybakina, ending ein reign of 99 consecutive weeks atop de rankings, de sixth-longest streak of all time.<ref>{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=12 September 2026 |title=The new No. 1 has a new US Open trophy: Rybakina ends Sabalenka's reign |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4575707/rybakina-halts-sabalenkas-three-peat-bid-to-capture-first-us-open-title |access-date=15 September 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> == National representation == === Fed Cup === ==== Early appearances ==== Sabalenka represent Belarus at de Junior Fed Cup insyd 2014, wey de team fini insyd sixth place.<ref>{{Cite web |title=USA move into finals of Junior Davis Cup and Junior Fed Cup |url=https://sportswire4u.blogspot.com/2014/09/usa-move-into-finals-of-junior-davis.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618042308/http://sportswire4u.blogspot.com/2014/09/usa-move-into-finals-of-junior-davis.html |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=Sportswire}}</ref> She then make ein senior Fed Cup debut give Belarus insyd April 2016, losing a dead rubber doubles match against Russia. Nonetheless, de Belarusian team lead by [[Victoria Azarenka]] den [[Aliaksandra Sasnovich]] win de tie to qualify for de top-tier World Group de following season for de first time insyd dema history.<ref name="fed-cup-debut">{{Cite web |title=Belarus scale new heights after win in Moscow |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/227047.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102608/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/227047.aspx |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=6 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> ==== 2017: Surprise runner-up insyd World Group debut ==== De Belarus Fed Cup team make dema debut insyd de World Group wey dem ultimately reach de final, despite being de underdogs insyd all three ties.<ref name="2017-sf-preview">{{Cite web |date=22 April 2017 |title=Fed Cup Semifinals Preview: which teams will reach the final? |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Fed_Cup/42644/fed-cup-semifinals-preview-which-teams-will-reach-the-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102607/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Fed_Cup/42644/fed-cup-semifinals-preview-which-teams-will-reach-the-final/ |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref><ref name="2017-final-preview">{{Cite web |date=October 2017 |title=Fed Cup final Preview: Belarus v USA |url=https://lastwordontennis.com/2017/10/01/federation-cup-final-preview-belarus-v-usa/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618065736/https://lastwordontennis.com/2017/10/01/federation-cup-final-preview-belarus-v-usa/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=Last Word on Tennis}}</ref> Na little be expected from de team secof na dem be widout dema veteran leader Azarenka, wey miss de first two ties on maternity leave den de last secof a custody battle.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Victoria Azarenka says custody dispute keeps her out of Fed Cup final |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/azarenka-says-custody-dispute-keeps-her-out-of-fed-cup-final/70357/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618065738/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/azarenka-says-custody-dispute-keeps-her-out-of-fed-cup-final/70357/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Widout am, na Belarus be led by Sabalenka den Sasnovich, neither of whom dem ever be ranked above No. 76 by de time of de final.<ref name="SabWtaRnk">{{cite web |author=WTA Staff |date=19 February 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka – Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202712/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/320760/-#rankingshistory |archive-date=23 February 2024 |access-date=23 February 2024 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA]]}}</ref><ref name="sasnovich-rankings">{{Cite web |title=Aliaksandra Sasnovich Rankings History |url=http://www.wtatennis.com/players/player/317790/title/Aliaksandra-SASNOVICH#ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506221242/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/player/317790/title/Aliaksandra-Sasnovich#ranking |archive-date=6 May 2019 |access-date=8 September 2018 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> However, na dem get de advantage of playing all of dema ties at home insyd Minsk.<ref name="2017-sf-preview" /><ref name="2017-final-preview" /> De ties insyd de quarterfinals against de Netherlands insyd February den de semi-finals against Switzerland insyd April both play out insyd de same way. While Sabalenka loose ein opening matches to dema opponents dema respective top-ranked players of [[Kiki Bertens]] den [[Timea Bacsinszky]], na Sasnovich be able to give Belarus a 2–1 lead insyd each instance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=All square in Minsk as Sasnovich and Bertens triumph |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/253491.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102651/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/253491.aspx |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Sabalenka then clinch both ties, plus wins over [[Michaëlla Krajicek]] den No. 54 [[Viktorija Golubic]], respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Belarus completes surprise win over Netherlands in Fed Cup |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/02/belarus-completes-surprise-win-over-netherlands-in-fed-cup/64119/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618065735/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/02/belarus-completes-surprise-win-over-netherlands-in-fed-cup/64119/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka sends Belarus through to first Final |url=https://www.fedcup.com/258276?channel=fedcupnews |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907110313/https://www.fedcup.com/258276?channel=fedcupnews |archive-date=7 September 2018 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Na she only be ranked No. 125 at de time of de semifinal, plus no career tour match wins outsyd of Fed Cup.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Belarus stuns Switzerland to reach 1st Fed Cup final |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/tennis/2017/04/23/sasnovich-puts-belarus-on-verge-of-first-fed-cup-final/100812652/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814174258/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/tennis/2017/04/23/sasnovich-puts-belarus-on-verge-of-first-fed-cup-final/100812652/ |archive-date=14 August 2020 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=USA Today}}</ref> On de opening day of de final against de United States, Sabalenka upset de reigning US Open champion den world No. 13, [[Sloane Stephens]], to level de tie after Sasnovich loose ein first rubber to No. 10, [[CoCo Vandeweghe]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=CoCo Vandeweghe puts up three points to propel U.S. to Fed Cup glory |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/coco-vandeweghe-puts-three-points-help-us-win-fed-cup-title/70429/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807160102/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2017/11/coco-vandeweghe-puts-three-points-help-us-win-fed-cup-title/70429/ |archive-date=7 August 2020 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref name="fed-cup-quote">{{Cite news|last=Chiesa|first=Victoria|date=11 November 2017|title=Belarus, USA all square after first day in Fed Cup final|work=WTA Tennis|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/belarus-usa-all-square-after-first-day-fed-cup-final|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102645/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/belarus-usa-all-square-after-first-day-fed-cup-final|url-status=live}}</ref> De next day begin plus Sabalenka losing to Vandeweghe, before Sasnovich san level de tie by defeating Stephens. Na dem then select Sabalenka den Sasnovich for de decisive doubles rubber for de Fed Cup crown, buh na de duo be comprehensively defeated by Vandeweghe den [[Shelby Rogers]].<ref name="fed-cup-final">{{Cite news|last=Chiesa|first=Victoria|date=12 November 2017|title=USA claims 2017 Fed Cup after Belarus battle|work=WTA Tennis|url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/usa-claims-2017-fed-cup-after-belarus-battle|access-date=21 July 2018|archive-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102609/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/usa-claims-2017-fed-cup-after-belarus-battle|url-status=live}}</ref> Despite finishing as runner-up, Belarus ein Fed Cup success help popularize women's tennis insyd Belarus, wey e vault Sabalenka den Sasnovich into international prominence. Sasnovich say, "''When we played the quarterfinals and semi-finals in Minsk, a lot of people were coming to see our matches. They finally saw tennis in life, and it's like a popularization... I want my country to improve even more in tennis, because I think we can have even more from Belarus''."<ref name="sasnovich-quote">{{Cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=31 August 2018 |title=Azarenka leads Belarusian trio into historic third round |url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/azarenka-leads-belarusian-trio-historic-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102609/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/azarenka-leads-belarusian-trio-historic-third-round |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=7 September 2018 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> ==== 2018–19: Avoiding demotion, anoda semifinal ==== Belarus be unable to repeat dema 2017 Fed Cup success insyd 2018. Na dem hold dema quarterfinal tie insyd Minsk against Germany. Although Sabalenka win both of ein singles rubbers, Sasnovich den [[Vera Lapko]] loose each of dema own to set up a decisive doubles rubber. Na dem select Sabalenka den doubles specialist [[Lidziya Marozava]] for de match, wey Sabalenka play on short rest directly after ein last singles match. After taking de first set against [[Anna-Lena Grönefeld]] den [[Tatjana Maria]], dem ultimately loose de rubber den de tie.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Germany beats Belarus 3–2 to make Fed Cup final four |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/02/fed-cup-germany-upsets-belarus-3-2-in-minsk-to-make-semis/72035/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190618070919/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/02/fed-cup-germany-upsets-belarus-3-2-in-minsk-to-make-semis/72035/ |archive-date=18 June 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Na dema next tie san be contested insyd Minsk as part of de World Group play-offs, wey Slovakia compete to take Belarus ein place insyd de World Group de following season. Sabalenka den Sasnovich each split dema two singles rubbers, wey Sabalenka be upset by [[Viktória Kužmová]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kuzmova claws Slovakia back into contention in Minsk |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283681.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609005752/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283681.aspx |archive-date=9 June 2020 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Na dem choose doubles specialists Lapko den Marozava for de final rubber den de pair win de match to keep Belarus insyd de World Group for 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lapko and Marozava launch Belarus back into the World Group |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283695.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609005831/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/283695.aspx |archive-date=9 June 2020 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Insyd de 2019 Fed Cup, na dem draw Belarus against Germany insyd de quarterfinals for de second consecutive year. After Sasnovich win de opening rubber against Maria, Sabalenka win both of ein singles rubbers against [[Andrea Petkovic]] den [[Laura Siegemund]] to clinch de tie.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka blasts Belarus to a semifinal spot |url=https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/301763.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103082236/https://www.fedcup.com/en/news/301763.aspx |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=Fed Cup}}</ref> Dem advance to face Australia insyd de semi-finals. Only two players from each team participate: Sabalenka den Azarenka give Belarus, den Ashleigh Barty den [[Samantha Stosur]] for Australia. Both Sabalenka den Azarenka defeat Stosur, buh she loose to Barty. Insyd de decisive doubles rubber, Barty den Stosur win insyd three sets to eliminate Belarus.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 April 2019 |title=Ashleigh Barty stars as Aussies clinch Fed Cup semi |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/26572380/ashleigh-barty-stars-aussies-clinch-fed-cup-semi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103082239/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/26572380/ashleigh-barty-stars-aussies-clinch-fed-cup-semi |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=ESPN}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Elena Rybakina === Sabalenka den [[Elena Rybakina]] play each oda 18 times since 2019, wey Sabalenka dey lead dema head-to-head 10–8 whereas Rybakina dey lead de finals 5–2.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head Compare Stats & Match History – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/324166 |access-date=8 November 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Both players be known for dema aggressive baseline play, wey dey result in fast-paced den intense matches. Na dem face off insyd three major finals plus de 2023 Australian Open<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka holds off Rybakina to win Australian Open, first Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328084008/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3040010/sabalenka-holds-off-rybakina-to-win-australian-open-first-slam-title |archive-date=28 March 2023 |access-date=18 April 2026 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wey Sabalenka win, den de 2026 Australian Open<ref>{{cite web |date=31 January 2026 |title=Rybakina outlasts Sabalenka in three sets to capture first Australian Open title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4442160/rybakina-earns-place-among-games-elites-with-first-australian-open-second-major-title |accessdate=31 January 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> den US Open both wey Rybakina win. Dema oda notable encounters dey include de 2023 BNP Paribas Open finals,<ref>{{cite web |title=The making of a great Rybakina-Sabalenka rivalry |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3117793/were-pushing-each-other-the-making-of-a-great-rybakina-sabalenka-rivalry |access-date=22 March 2025}}</ref> 2024 Madrid Open semifinal,<ref>{{cite web |title=Rivalry Rewind: Sabalenka and Rybakina's battles through the years |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3991425/rivalry-rewind-sabalenka-and-rybakina-s-battles-through-the-years |access-date=22 March 2025}}</ref> 2025 WTA Finals finals,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Hashim|first=Taha|date=8 November 2025|title=WTA Finals tennis: Elena Rybakina rocks Aryna Sabalenka to claim title – live|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2025/nov/08/wta-finals-tennis-aryna-sabalenka-elena-rybakina-final|access-date=8 November 2025|work=the Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> de 2026 BNP Paribas Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Powers |first=Shad |title=Sabalenka outlasts Rybakina for first BNP Paribas Open title in Indian Wells |url=https://www.desertsun.com/story/sports/tennis/bnp/2026/03/15/sabalenka-outlasts-rybakina-for-first-bnp-paribas-open-title-in-indian-wells/89169075007/ |access-date=15 March 2026 |website=The Desert Sun |language=en-US}}</ref> den de 2026 US Open final.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Murrells|first1=Katy|title=Aryna Sabalenka v Elena Rybakina: US Open 2026 women's singles final – live|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2026/sep/12/aryna-sabalenka-v-elena-rybakina-us-open-2026-womens-singles-final-live|access-date=12 September 2026|work=The Guardian|date=12 September 2026}}</ref> === Iga Świątek === Sabalenka den [[Iga Świątek]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek in control of de head-to-head at 8–5.<ref name="iga h2h">{{Cite web |title=Head To Head |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as becoming one of de greatest insyd women's tennis.<ref name=":52">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health}}</ref> Dema most praised matches include de 2024 Madrid Open final, wer Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets insyd 3 hours den 11 minutes, saving three championship points insyd de process, den de 2023 Madrid Open final, wer Sabalenka win insyd three sets insyd 2 hours den 25 minutes against Świątek to claim ein second Madrid title.<ref name=":32">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref><ref name=":42">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka breaks through Swiatek's defense to win second Madrid title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3324192/sabalenka-breaks-through-swiatek-s-defense-to-win-second-madrid-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241204055602/https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/3324192/sabalenka-breaks-through-swiatek-s-defense-to-win-second-madrid-title |archive-date=4 December 2024 |access-date=25 November 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Sabalenka den Świątek play each oda at de 2025 French Open, wich Sabalenka win insyd three sets.<ref name="WTARG">{{cite web |date=5 June 2024 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Sabalenka den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 13 times since 2020, wey Sabalenka dey edge de head-to-head at 7–6.<ref name="coco h2h">{{Cite web |title=Head To Head |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/320760 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241007094647/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/320760 |archive-date=7 October 2024 |access-date=4 October 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Dem play each oda multiple times at majors, de first be de 2023 US Open final.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2023 |title=Coco Gauff to face Aryna Sabalenka in the US Open final after gutsy win |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/08/sport/coco-gauff-reaches-us-open-final-spt-intl/index.html |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=CNN Sports}}</ref> Sabalenka loose dat match despite winning de first set.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Coco Gauff wins first Grand Slam title: 2023 US Open Day 13 in review |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2023-09-09/coco_gauff_wins_first_grand_slam_title_2023_us_open_day_13_in_review.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920153633/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2023-09-09/coco_gauff_wins_first_grand_slam_title_2023_us_open_day_13_in_review.html |archive-date=20 September 2023 |access-date=30 November 2024 |website=US Open}}</ref> Sabalenka defeat Gauff at de 2024 Australian Open semifinals on ein way to defending de title.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka v Gauff: Streaks collide in AO 2024 semifinals |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/sabalenka-v-gauff-streaks-collide-ao-2024-semifinals |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2024 |title=Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open by defending champion Aryna Sabalenka |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/25/sport/coco-gauff-aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-tennis-spt-intl/index.html#:~:text=Coco%20Gauff%20was%20defeated%20by,in%20the%20Australian%20Open%20semifinals.&text=Coco%20Gauff's%20pursuit%20of%20back,semifinals%20of%20the%20Australian%20Open. |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127120004/https://www.cnn.com/2024/01/25/sport/coco-gauff-aryna-sabalenka-australian-open-tennis-spt-intl/index.html#:~:text=Coco%20Gauff%20was%20defeated%20by,in%20the%20Australian%20Open%20semifinals.&text=Coco%20Gauff's%20pursuit%20of%20back,semifinals%20of%20the%20Australian%20Open. |archive-date=27 January 2024 |access-date=30 November 2024 |website=CNN Sports}}</ref> Sabalenka den Gauff san face off insyd de final of de 2025 French Open, wey Gauff overtake Sabalenka for ein first French Open Major Championship win den second Grand Slam overall.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=A champion's heart: Gauff defeats Sabalenka to win French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4280339/a-champions-heart-gauff-defeats-sabalenka-to-win-french-open |accessdate=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka go avenge dat loss by knocking Gauff out of de 2025 WTA Finals wer na Gauff be de defending champion.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Aryna Sabalenka eliminates Coco Gauff from WTA Finals, joins Jessica Pegula in semifinals |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-eliminates-coco-gauff-from-wta-finals-joins-jessica-pegula-in-semifinals |access-date=6 November 2025 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go meet Gauff for de first time insyd 2026 insyd de Miami finals, wer Sabalenka battle thru Gauff insyd three sets to win Miami for de second time, as well as de Sunshine Double.<ref name="WTAMiami2026">{{cite web |last=Poser |first=Noah |date=28 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka wins Miami title to become first to complete Sunshine Double since 2022 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4478182/sabalenka-wins-miami-title-to-become-first-to-complete-sunshine-double-since-2022 |access-date=29 March 2026 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> === Jessica Pegula === Sabalenka develop a fairly storied rivalry plus [[Jessica Pegula]]. Dema consistency on hard courts lead to dem frequently facing each other insyd de latter stages of events. De two meet 14 times since 2020, wey Sabalenka dey control de head-to-head 10–4.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/316956 |access-date=20 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Pegula go win dema first meeting insyd de third round of de 2020 Western & Southern Open insyd three sets. Dem go face off at de 2024 US Open final insyd wich Sabalenka go win 7–5, 7–5 to earn ein first US Open title.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=7 June 2024 |title=A champion's heart: Gauff defeats Sabalenka to win French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4280339/a-champions-heart-gauff-defeats-sabalenka-to-win-french-open |accessdate=14 June 2024 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> De two go get a rematch of dema US Open final insyd de 2025 US Open semifinals, wer Sabalenka go win a close three-set match 4–6, 6–3, 6–4 on ein way to defending ein US Open title.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=15 August 2025 |title=Cincinnati Open: Stormy Rybakina stuns Sabalenka, advances to semi-finals |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/cincinnati-open-stormy-rybakina-stuns-sabalenka-advances-to-semi-finals-833144.html |access-date=6 September 2025}}</ref> Pegula go snap Sabalenka ein 20-match winning streak as well as ein 2025 tiebreak record insyd dema following match insyd Wuhan, before pulling out a three-set win 2–6, 6–4, 7–6(2).<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=19 March 2023 |title=Rybakina tops Sabalenka to win Indian Wells title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530204200/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3116978/rybakina-tops-sabalenka-to-win-indian-wells-title |archive-date=30 May 2023 |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Dem face each oda once more insyd de Riyadh 2025 WTA Finals, wer Sabalenka defeat Pegula insyd three sets. De pair dema first meeting on grass cam at de 2026 Berlin Tennis Open, wich Pegula win insyd three sets, bageling Sabalenka insyd de final set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 June 2026 |title=Pegula advances to Berlin final with fourth career win over Sabalenka |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4522854/pegula-nears-second-berlin-crown-after-fourth-win-over-sabalenka-sends-her-into-final |access-date=20 June 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Jasmine Paolini === Sabalenka develop a recurring rivalry plus [[Jasmine Paolini]], wich she dey lead 6–2. Na de pair first meet at de 2017 Ilkley Trophy, wer Paolini defeat Sabalenka insyd three sets. Paolini later earn anoda notable win at de 2022 Indian Wells Open, defeating Sabalenka 2–6, 6–3, 6–3.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka vs Paolini H2H stats |url=https://tennis-minute.fr/matchs/722445 |access-date=25 April 2026 |website=Tennis Minute |language=fr}}</ref> Sabalenka otherwise control de matchup, winning dema later meetings at events wey dey include Beijing, de Miami Open, de Stuttgart Open, den de WTA Finals. Dema matches contrast Sabalenka ein power-based baseline game plus Paolini ein speed, court coverage, den ability to extend rallies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/319280 |access-date=25 April 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Amanda Anisimova === Sabalenka sanso develop a rivalry plus [[Amanda Anisimova]]. De pair play 11 times wey Sabalenka dey trail 5–6. Na dem meet six times insyd Grand Slams wey dey include 3 consecutive major contests insyd 2025 wer dem be tied 3–3. Anisimova defeat Sabalenka en route to ein first major semifinal at 2019 French Open<ref name="WTAAnisimova">{{Cite web |date=30 May 2019 |title='It's super special ' – Anisimova shocks Sabalenka again, makes French Open third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-super-special-anisimova-shocks-sabalenka-again-makes-french-open-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102608/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-super-special-anisimova-shocks-sabalenka-again-makes-french-open-third-round |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=25 April 2026 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> den also insyd de semifinal of 2025 Wimbledon<ref>{{cite web |title=Anisimova's moment: Beats Sabalenka to make first Wimbledon final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307894/anisimovas-moment-beats-sabalenka-to-make-first-slam-final-at-wimbledon |accessdate=25 April 2026 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> to reach ein first major final. Dem meet insyd de final of 2025 US Open wer na Sabalenka win 6–3, 7–6^(7–3) to win ein fourth major.<ref name="CBSUSOpen2025">{{cite web |date=6 September 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka defeats Amanda Anisimova, winning 2nd straight U.S. Open final |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-open-women-final-winner-aryna-sabalenka-amanda-anisimova/ |access-date=25 April 2026 |work=[[CBS News]]}}</ref> Insyd 2025, dem san meet insyd de semifinal to WTA Finals wey Sabalenka win.<ref name="OlympicsWTA2025">{{cite web |title=WTA Finals 2025: Aryna Sabalenka outlasts Amanda Anisimova to reach championship match |url=https://www.olympics.com/en/news/wta-finals-2025-aryna-sabalenka-reaches-final |access-date=25 April 2026}}</ref> == Playing style == [[File:Sydney_International_Tennis_WTA_Premier_(46000969795)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Sabalenka dey serve at de 2019 Sydney International]] Sabalenka be an aggressive baseliner wey ein game be characterised by a powerful serve den equally powerful groundstrokes. Ein game be based around taking control of points, plus a knack for turning defensive positions into offensive opportunities. Secof ein aggression, she usually dey hit a high number of both winners den unforced errors off ein groundstrokes, wich be hit plus relentless pace den depth.<ref name="style-against-pliskova2">{{Cite web |date=28 June 2018 |title=WTA Eastbourne: Aryna Sabalenka shocks Karolina Pliskova |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/57063/wta-eastbourne-aryna-sabalenka-shocks-karolina-pliskova/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102607/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/On_the_WTA_results_with/57063/wta-eastbourne-aryna-sabalenka-shocks-karolina-pliskova/ |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, she struck ein forehand at an average speed of 129&nbsp;km/h (80&nbsp;mph).<ref name="TennisBiomech">{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=The secret to an 80-mph forehand? Aryna Sabalenka talks technique, biomechanics in Wuhan |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/the-secret-to-an-80-mph-forehand-aryna-sabalenka-talks-technique-biomechanics-in-wuhan |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka ein big serve be central to ein game: insyd 2024 she win 62.7% of points on ein serve, ranking fifth among de players on tour, wey she win 78.5% of ein service games.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Stats {{!}} Latest Player & Match Statistics – WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/stats/2024 |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Sabalenka ein improved consistency on serve be de key wich allow am to ascend to de top of de WTA rankings. Insyd de past, she struggle plus an inconsistent serve, leading to a high double fault count; she serve 166 double faults insyd 2020, de most of any player.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stats Hub 2020 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/stats/2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401022614/https://www.wtatennis.com/stats/2020 |archive-date=1 April 2020 |access-date=28 February 2021 |website=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She notably suffer from de yips from de 2021 WTA Finals den into 2022, serving 152 double faults insyd 11 matches, an average of 14 double faults a match.<ref name="Kane2022">{{Cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=18 January 2022 |title=Aryna Sabalenka's first serve: No. 2 seed conquers yips to survive Sanders, begin Australian Open campaign |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612105016/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-s-first-serve-no-2-seed-conquers-yips-to-survive-sanders-begin-a |archive-date=12 June 2022 |access-date=28 July 2026 |website=[[Tennis (magazine)|Tennis]]}}</ref> Following de 2022 Canadian Open, she hire biomechanics expert Gavin Macmillan to revamp ein serve.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top 5 WTA Players of 2022: Sabalenka, Gauff and Rybakina earn honorable mentions |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-5-wta-players-of-2022-sabalenka-gauff-and-rybakina-earn-honorable-mentions |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka serve a total of 440 double faults insyd 2022, buh na ein serve quickly see improvements insyd 2023 under Macmillan ein guidance, wey e since cam be a reliable weapon.<ref name="TennisBiomech">{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=The secret to an 80-mph forehand? Aryna Sabalenka talks technique, biomechanics in Wuhan |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/the-secret-to-an-80-mph-forehand-aryna-sabalenka-talks-technique-biomechanics-in-wuhan |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> As Sabalenka ein game mature, she sanso develop better shot selection den more variety. Wen she first arrive on tour, na she sometimes be described as a player wey hit everything as hard as she fi. Insyd de summer of 2018, ein coach Dmitry Tursunov say na ein game already dey evolve, den, "''The major thing is she stopped trying [to] hit a winner with every shot''."<ref name="shot-selection2">{{Cite web |title=Aryna Sabalenka's coach Tursunov speaks about her recent success |url=http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/09/aryna-sabalenkas-coach-tursunov-speaks-about-her-recent-success/76653/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190908132554/http://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2018/09/aryna-sabalenkas-coach-tursunov-speaks-about-her-recent-success/76653/ |archive-date=8 September 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> Sabalenka cam be increasingly willing to experiment plus variety on ein groundstrokes, den plus finishing more points at de net.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=8 September 2024|title=How Aryna Sabalenka owned her weaknesses to emerge as world's best|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/sep/08/how-aryna-sabalenka-owned-her-weaknesses-to-emerge-as-worlds-best|access-date=14 March 2026|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> During de 2024 clay season, she begin to incorporate more drop shots into ein game, wich pair well plus ein power from de baseline.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 November 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka, Drop Shot Queen – Heavy Topspin |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2024/11/04/aryna-sabalenka-drop-shot-queen/ |access-date=14 March 2026 |language=en-US}}</ref> Sabalenka primarily be known for ein success on hardcourt. Nineteen of ein twenty-two singles titles, wey dey include all four of ein major titles, she win on hardcourt, wich suit ein game secof ein consistent bounce den fast-paced play. However, she sanso be recognised as a consistent contender insyd de late stages of grass den clay court tournaments. She be particularly successful on faster clay courts, such as de Madrid Open, wer she win de title insyd 2021, 2023, den 2025.<ref name="WTAMadrid2021">{{Cite web |date=8 May 2021 |title=Sabalenka captures Madrid title in thriller over Barty |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326233615/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2133551/sabalenka-captures-madrid-title-in-thriller-over-barty |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=23 April 2022 |publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]}}</ref> She sanso reach ein first major final on clay at de French Open insyd 2025. Sabalenka cam be increasingly notable for ein ability to win tiebreaks. Insyd 2025, she set an Open Era record for most tiebreaks wey a woman win insyd a single season, winning 22 out of 25 she play.<ref name="WTAIW2026">{{Cite web |date=12 March 2026 |title=Sabalenka tops Mboko for second time in 2026 to make Indian Wells semis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4467765/sabalenka-tops-mboko-for-second-time-in-2026-to-make-indian-wells-semis |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dis include a streak of nineteen consecutive tiebreaks she win between February den October.<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 September 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka, Goddess of the Tiebreak? – Heavy Topspin |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/09/10/aryna-sabalenka-goddess-of-the-tiebreak/ |access-date=14 March 2026 |language=en-US}}</ref> Insyd 2026, Sabalenka win ein twentieth consecutive tiebreak.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 January 2026 |title=Australian Open 2026 results: Aryna Sabalenka to face Iva Jovic in quarter-finals |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce8gn94jq3jo |access-date=14 March 2026 |website=BBC Sport |language=en-GB}}</ref> While Sabalenka be known for ein clutch factor insyd tiebreaks, she sanso loose a large number of closely-contested prominent matches, such as de 2025 French Open final den 2026 Australian Open final, wey she dey hold a 22–20 (52%) record insyd singles finals overall. Sabalenka frequently dey accompany ein shots plus loud grunting. She say, "''Honestly, I don't even hear myself when I am playing.''" She express ein hope say ein grunting no dey disturb ein opponents.<ref name="tennis-idols">{{Cite web |date=21 February 2018 |title=Aryna Sabalenka: 'I don't even hear myself when I am playing' |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/52138/aryna-sabalenka-i-don-t-even-hear-myself-when-i-am-playing-/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910014640/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/52138/aryna-sabalenka-i-don-t-even-hear-myself-when-i-am-playing-/ |archive-date=10 September 2018 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> At de Australian Open insyd 2018, de crowd mock ein habit insyd a match against Ashleigh Barty.<ref name="grunting">{{Cite news|last=Maasdorp|first=James|date=17 January 2018|title=Australian Open: Aryna Sabalenka's screams see crowd mock her grunts as Ashleigh Barty advances|work=ABC News|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-01-17/aus-open-spectators-rebel-against-screeching-sabalenka/9335120|access-date=19 January 2018|archive-date=26 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526123025/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-01-17/aus-open-spectators-rebel-against-screeching-sabalenka/9335120|url-status=live}}</ref> She be an expressive personality on court. == Coaches == Sabalenka work plus Khalil Ibrahimov for two years up til early 2018. At dis point, she begin dey work plus Swedish former professional tennis players [[Magnus Norman]] den [[Magnus Tideman]].<ref name="start-norman">{{Cite web |date=27 January 2018 |title=Aryna Sabalenka working with former Wawrinka's coach Magnus Norman |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/51386/aryna-sabalenka-working-with-former-wawrinka-s-coach-magnus-norman/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102608/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/51386/aryna-sabalenka-working-with-former-wawrinka-s-coach-magnus-norman/ |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref><ref name="tideman">{{Cite web |title=Interview: Aryna Sabalenka, Round 3 |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/interviews/2018-09-01/2018-09-02_interview_aryna_sabalenka_round_3.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102607/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/interviews/2018-09-01/2018-09-02_interview_aryna_sabalenka_round_3.html |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=US Open}}</ref> [[Dmitry Tursunov]] cam be ein primary coach in time for de grass court season insyd 2018.<ref name="start-tursunov">{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka prepares for déjà vu clash with Wozniacki in Montréal |url=http://www.wtatennis.com/news/sabalenka-prepares-d%C3%A9j%C3%A0-vu-clash-wozniacki-montr%C3%A9al |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026102648/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/sabalenka-prepares-d%C3%A9j%C3%A0-vu-clash-wozniacki-montr%C3%A9al |archive-date=26 October 2019 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Sabalenka briefly split plus Tursunov after de 2019 US Open. Although na dem reunite later insyd de year, she make de split permanent at de end of de season. Sabalenka briefly work plus [[Dieter Kindlmann]] before switching coaches to ein longtime hitting partner den compatriot [[Anton Dubrov]], aged 25 at de time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Di Lorito |first=Paolo |date=22 September 2020 |title=È già finita la collaborazione tra Sabalenka e Kindlmann |trans-title=The collaboration between Sabalenka and Kindlmann has already ended |url=https://www.ubitennis.com/blog/2020/09/22/e-gia-finita-la-collaborazione-tra-sabalenka-e-kindlmann/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116184445/https://www.ubitennis.com/blog/2020/09/22/e-gia-finita-la-collaborazione-tra-sabalenka-e-kindlmann/ |archive-date=16 November 2020 |access-date=27 October 2020 |website=Ubi Tennis |language=it}}</ref><ref name="A24">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5500511/2024/05/24/aryna-sabalenka-team-coach/|title=Aryna Sabalenka's team: Serve mechanics, TikTok dances, and a phonecall|last=Futterman|first=Matthew|website=[[The Athletic]]|date=24 May 2024|access-date=24 May 2024|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Insys August 2022, Sabalenka hire biomechanics specialist Gavin MacMillan to improve on ein serve.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bodo|first1=Peter|title=How exactly did Aryna Sabalenka figure out her serve?|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-figure-out-her-serve-australian-open-2023-champion|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=30 January 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=The secret to an 80-mph forehand? Aryna Sabalenka talks technique, biomechanics in Wuhan|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/the-secret-to-an-80-mph-forehand-aryna-sabalenka-talks-technique-biomechanics-in-wuhan|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=11 October 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Trollope|first1=Matt|title=The story of when Aryna Sabalenka slayed her serving demons|url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/story-when-aryna-sabalenka-slayed-her-serving-demons|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Australian Open|date=10 December 2025}}</ref> Insyd 2025, Belarusian former professional tennis player den 10-time major doubles champion [[Max Mirnyi]] join Sabalenka ein coaching team as a consultant.<ref>{{cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=7 August 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka adds Max Mirnyi to coaching team for Cincinnati and U.S. Opens |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6540862/2025/08/07/tennis-aryna-sabalenka-coach-max-mirnyi/ |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> == Sponsorships == [[File:Sabalenka_RG19_(5)_(48199110567).jpg|right|thumb|Sabalenka sponsored by Nike for sportswear den Wilson for racquets]] Sabalenka be represented by IMG. Insyd January 2025, she depart from IMG wey she sign plus Evolve, a company wey [[Naomi Osaka]] co-found.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Fitzgerald|first1=Matt|title=Aryna Sabalenka departs IMG for Naomi Osaka's EVOLVE agency: "A multi-faceted icon with limitless potential"|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-departs-img-naomi-osaka-evolve-agency-limitless-potential-portfolio|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=4 January 2025}}</ref> Insyd 2017, Sabalenka sign a sponsorship deal plus Nike.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Teti|first1=Julia|title=Nike, Adidas and More: The Brands Worn by U.S. Open Women's Singles Champions|url=https://wwd.com/pop-culture/culture-news/us-open-womens-champions-tennis-kit-designs-1239148938/|access-date=30 August 2026|work=[[Women's Wear Daily|WWD]]|date=25 August 2026}}</ref> Nike create a custom outfit give am for de 2023 US Open.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Livaudais|first1=Stephanie|title=Aryna Sabalenka "serving some lewks" as she gets custom Nike outfit for US Open|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-serving-lewks-gets-custom-nike-outfit-for-us-open-endorsements|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=29 August 2023}}</ref> She dey use de Wilson Blade 98 18x20 for ein racquets.<ref>{{cite news|title=Geared Up: Aryna Sabalenka serves notice with the help of Wilson and Nike|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/geared-up-aryna-sabalenka-serves-notice-with-the-help-of-wilson-and-nike|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=11 May 2023}}</ref> She co-design de Wilson Blade 98 v9 Fighter Edition for ein run at de 2025 US Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fire Starter: How Aryna Sabalenka Custom-Designed Her US Open Racket |url=https://www.wilson.com/en-us/blog/tennis/fire-starter-how-aryna-sabalenka-custom-designed-us-open-racket |access-date=5 September 2026 |publisher=Wilson}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Levey|first1=Jon|title="It must have fire": Aryna Sabalenka helps create limited-edition Wilson Blade racquet|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-wilson-blade-racquet-fighter|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=27 August 2025}}</ref> Insyd 2023, Sabalenka partner plus Maestro Dobel Tequila.<ref>{{cite news|title=US Open Signs Maestro Dobel as Its First Official Tequila Partner Beginning in 2023|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/us-open-signs-maestro-dobel-as-its-first-official-tequila-partner-beginning-in-2023-301898250.html|access-date=30 August 2026|work=[[PR Newswire]]|date=18 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Dobel Tequila serves up new "Marg-Aryna" cocktail with Sabalenka ahead of US Open|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/maestro-dobel-tequila-new-marg-aryna-sabalenka-signature-cocktail-cincinnati-us-open|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=19 August 2024}}</ref> Insyd 2024, Sabalenka partner plus superfood brand Oakberry<ref>{{cite news|title=Aryna Sabalenka partners with Oakberry for her first signature açaí bowl|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-partners-with-oakberry-for-her-first-signature-acai-bowl|access-date=5 September 2026|work=Tennis|date=20 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=OAKBERRY and Tennis Superstar Aryna Sabalenka Serve Up the All-New Tiger Bowl|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/oakberry-and-tennis-superstar-aryna-sabalenka-serve-up-the-all-new-tiger-bowl-302390110.html|access-date=5 September 2026|work=[[PR Newswire]]|date=3 March 2025}}</ref> den wearable technology brand Whoop,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Gupta|first1=Megha|title=Inside Aryna Sabalenka's US Open Preparation with WHOOP|url=https://www.si.com/onsi/serve/interviews/inside-aryna-sabalenka-us-open-preparation-with-whoop|access-date=30 August 2026|work=[[Sports Illustrated]]|date=20 August 2025}}</ref> wey she join [[Audemars Piguet]] as paddie of de brand.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Livaudais|first1=Stephanie|title=Aryna Sabalenka inks "powerful new partnership" with Audemars Piguet|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-powerful-new-partnership-audemars-piguet-luxury-watch-timepieces-friend-brand|access-date=30 August 2026|work=Tennis|date=18 October 2024}}</ref> Insyd 2025, Sabalenka cam be a global ambassador den minority shareholder of IM8, a health‑supplement brand wey former footballer [[David Beckham]] co‑found, <ref>{{Cite web |last=Метлёва |first=Яна |title=Арина Соболенко вслед за Дэвидом Бекхэмом стала амбассадором I•M•8 |url=https://www.championat.com/tennis/news-6066370-arina-sobolenko-vsled-za-devidom-bekhemom-stala-ambassadorom-iomo8.html |access-date=21 July 2025 |website=www.championat.com |language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 July 2025 |title=Sabalenka joins IM8 as investor, ambassador |url=https://www.sportsbusinessjournal.com/Articles/2025/06/26/aryna-sabalenka-joins-david-beckhams-im8-as-investor-ambassador/ |access-date=21 July 2025 |website=Sports Business Journal |language=en}}</ref> wey she partner plus hydration beverage brand Electrolit.<ref>{{cite news|title=WTA No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka Taps Electrolit as Official Hydration Partner|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/wta-no-1-aryna-sabalenka-taps-electrolit-as-official-hydration-partner-302522166.html|access-date=30 August 2026|work=[[PR Newswire]]|date=5 August 2025}}</ref> == Personal life == Sabalenka get a tiger tattoo on ein left arm wey na earn am de nickie "The Tiger", wich she use to refer to einself.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 March 2019 |title=Aryna Sabalenka 'Dreaming About Tigers' |url=https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/aryna-sabalenka-dreaming-about-tigers/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130041132/https://bnpparibasopen.com/news/aryna-sabalenka-dreaming-about-tigers/ |archive-date=30 November 2020 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=BNP Parbias Open}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2019 |title='I'm the tiger' – Sabalenka embraces Asian Swing return after US Open trials |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/im-tiger-sabalenka-embraces-asian-swing-return-after-us-open-trials |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103062230/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/im-tiger-sabalenka-embraces-asian-swing-return-after-us-open-trials |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="wuhan-two">{{Cite web |last=Tandon |first=Kamakshi |title=The 'Tiger' is officially back: Sabalenka repeats as Wuhan Champion |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/the-tiger-is-officially-back-sabalenka-repeats-as-wuhan-champion/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103062229/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2019/09/tiger-officially-back-aryna-sabalenka-repeats-wuhan-champion-defeats-riske/85208/ |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=3 November 2019 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> She study at de Belarusian State University insyd a sports-related program.<ref name="tut-2017">{{Cite web |last=Михалевич |first=Юрий |title="Может, мне удастся стать кем-то вроде Серены", или Что мы знаем про теннисистку Арину Соболенко |url=https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/541113.html?crnd=5515 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126020709/https://sport.tut.by/news/tennis/541113.html?crnd=5515 |archive-date=26 November 2020 |access-date=5 September 2018 |website=Tut.by |language=ru}}</ref> Na ein tennis idols growing up be [[Serena Williams]] den [[Maria Sharapova]].<ref name="tennis-idols">{{Cite web |date=21 February 2018 |title=Aryna Sabalenka: 'I don't even hear myself when I am playing' |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/52138/aryna-sabalenka-i-don-t-even-hear-myself-when-i-am-playing-/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910014640/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Interviews/52138/aryna-sabalenka-i-don-t-even-hear-myself-when-i-am-playing-/ |archive-date=10 September 2018 |access-date=9 September 2018 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Ein poppie Sergey, a former ice hockey player, die suddenly insyd 2019 at age 43. Na he get [[meningitis]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/tennis/2024/03/19/aryna-sabalenka-boyfriend-konstantin-koltsov-dies-miami/|title=Aryna Sabalenka's boyfriend died after 'jumping from a balcony' in apparent suicide|first=Simon|last=Briggs|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=19 March 2024|via=www.telegraph.co.uk|archive-date=19 September 2024|access-date=6 September 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240919063325/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/tennis/2024/03/19/aryna-sabalenka-boyfriend-konstantin-koltsov-dies-miami/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Australian Open: Aryna Sabalenka's father is her 'biggest motivation' as he targets titles on clay and grass next |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13057379/australian-open-aryna-sabalenkas-father-is-her-biggest-motivation-as-he-targets-titles-on-clay-and-grass-next |website=Sky Sports}}</ref> Sabalenka ein ex-boyfriend, [[Konstantin Koltsov]], die of an apparent [[suicide]] insyd March 2024 at age 42.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 March 2024 |title=Konstantin Koltsov, former NHL player and boyfriend of Sabalenka, dead at 42 |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/nhl/konstantin-koltsov-former-nhl-player-boyfriend-sabalenka-dead-42-2024-03-19/ |access-date=19 March 2024 |website=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=19 March 2024 |title=Konstantin Koltsov's death ruled apparent suicide by police |url=https://www.espn.com/nhl/story/_/id/39765524/konstantin-koltsov-death-ruled-apparent-suicide-police |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240319171700/https://www.espn.com/nhl/story/_/id/39765524/konstantin-koltsov-death-ruled-apparent-suicide-police |archive-date=19 March 2024 |accessdate=19 March 2024 |publisher=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Konstantin Koltsov's ex-wife says tennis star Aryna Sabalenka's boyfriend was 'most likely very drunk' when he died |url=https://news.sky.com/story/konstantin-koltsovs-ex-wife-says-tennis-star-aryna-sabalenkas-boyfriend-was-most-likely-very-drunk-when-he-died-13098769 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240919012327/https://news.sky.com/story/konstantin-koltsovs-ex-wife-says-tennis-star-aryna-sabalenkas-boyfriend-was-most-likely-very-drunk-when-he-died-13098769 |archive-date=19 September 2024 |access-date=6 September 2024 |website=Sky News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 March 2024 |title=Aryna Sabalenka issues statement after death of former partner Konstantin Koltsov |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-03-21/tennis-aryna-sabalenka-konstantin-koltsov/103613936 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329031432/https://amp.abc.net.au/article/103613936 |archive-date=29 March 2024 |access-date=29 March 2024 |website=Australian Broadcasting Corporation News}}</ref> She cam be engaged to Brazilian entrepreneur Georgios Frangulis on March 3, 2026.<ref>{{cite web |last=Sarkar |first=Supriyo |date=4 March 2026 |title=VIDEO: Aryna Sabalenka Gets Engaged to Millionaire Georgios Frangulis After Stunning Ring Reveal |url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/tennis-news-video-aryna-sabalenka-gets-engaged-to-millionaire-georgios-frangulis-after-stunning-ring-reveal/ |accessdate=4 March 2026 |publisher=essenciallysports.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Who Is Aryna Sabalenka's Boyfriend? All About Brazilian Entrepreneur Georgios Frangulis |url=https://people.com/all-about-georgios-frangulis-aryna-sabalenka-11798481 |access-date=10 September 2025 |website=People.com |language=en}}</ref> === Political views === Insyd August 2020, during de 2020–2021 Belarusian protests, Sabalenka criticise de government of Alexander Lukashenko for ein dispersal of peaceful protests wey she call for no violence, buh na she be criticised by members of de Belarusian opposition for not using ein platform to advocate de protest movement ein goals.<ref name="nn1" /><ref>{{cite web |date=12 October 2020 |title=Сабаленка на заклік не маўчаць аб сітуацыі ў Беларусі: "Пара б ужо паразумнець. Ну нічога, і такіх зямля носіць, на жаль" |url=https://nashaniva.com/?c=ar&i=260601 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230424135432/https://nashaniva.com/?c=ar&i=260601 |archive-date=24 April 2023 |access-date=10 September 2023 |work=[[Nasha Niva]] |language=be |quote=У жніўні Арына Сабаленка асудзіла разгон мірных пратэстаў. «Я не магу паверыць, што ўсё гэта адбываецца ў маёй мірнай роднай Беларусі, пісала 13 жніўня ў сваім інстаграме найлепшая беларуская тэнісістка, 11-я ракетка свету. — Я не магу спаць ужо чацвёртую ноч. Я не магу глядзець на жорсткасць у адносінах да безабаронных людзей. Навошта? Калі ласка, спыніце гвалт!!! Беражыце сябе і сваіх блізкіх, мае дарагія беларусы». |trans-quote=In August, Aryna Sabalenka condemned the dispersal of peaceful protests. "I can't believe that all this is happening in my peaceful native Belarus," the best Belarusian tennis player, the 11th ranked player in the world, wrote on her Instagram on August 13. – I can't sleep for the fourth night already. I can't stand the cruelty towards defenceless people. Why? Please stop the violence!!! Take care of yourself and your loved ones, my dear Belarusians."}}</ref> She separately praise de Belarusian government for "''everything that is done for the country in general and for sports in particular"''.<ref name="nn1">[https://nashaniva.com/?c=ar&i=260621 Арына Сабаленка — сваім падпісчыкам: Якое метадычнае цкаванне! ]</ref> Insyd 2020, during widespread protests after de disputed election, Sabalenka sign an open letter wey say sport for remain outsyd of politics.<ref>[https://www.sports.ru/tennis/1091597123-sobolenko-podpisala-obrashhenie-belorusskix-sportsmenov-o-tom-chto-ix-.html Соболенко подписала обращение белорусских спортсменов о том, что их «долг не выступать с политическими призывами, а побеждать на спортивных аренах»] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129134351/https://www.sports.ru/tennis/1091597123-sobolenko-podpisala-obrashhenie-belorusskix-sportsmenov-o-tom-chto-ix-.html|date=29 January 2023}} – sports.ru, 2 December 2020</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20201124131447/https://sport.tut.by/news/aboutsport/709010.html Стало известно, кто подписал открытое письмо спортсменов, выступающих за власть] – [[Tut.By|Tut.]]</ref> Belarusian media consider de letter supportive of Lukashenko, as e follow an open letter by Belarusian sporting figures demanding de election be invalidated.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barker |first=Philip |date=18 August 2020 |title=Belarusian Olympic medalists sign open letter |url=https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1097473/belarus-open-letter-election-result |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230502074922/https://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1097473/belarus-open-letter-election-result |archive-date=2 May 2023 |access-date=2 May 2023 |publisher=Inside the Games}}</ref> Following de start of de Russian invasion of Ukraine, Sabalenka express support give de Ukrainian people den de use of Ukraine-coloured ribbons: ''"I feel like people need our support. I just hope they understand that we're all really concerned. I think even 'sad' isn't even the right word."''<ref>{{Cite news|last=Carroll|first=Rory|date=10 March 2022|title=Russian, Belarusian players call for peace as Ukraine conflict rages|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/russian-belarusian-players-call-peace-ukraine-conflict-rages-2022-03-10/|access-date=25 March 2023|archive-date=16 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316202638/https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/russian-belarusian-players-call-peace-ukraine-conflict-rages-2022-03-10/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka: Anxiety and Hope for Peace Unite Tour |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/Blogs/NET-POSTS/March-2022-(1)/Sabalenka-Anxiety-and-Hope-for-Peace-Unite-Tour.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325163859/https://www.tennisnow.com/Blogs/NET-POSTS/March-2022-(1)/Sabalenka-Anxiety-and-Hope-for-Peace-Unite-Tour.aspx |archive-date=25 March 2023 |access-date=25 March 2023 |website=www.tennisnow.com}}</ref> Insyd January 2023, plus regard to de war den de banning of Russian den Belarusian players from de 2022 Wimbledon Championships, Sabalenka say, "''I just understand that it's not my fault.''"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dahlman |first=Sebastian |date=26 January 2023 |title='Still tough but it's not my fault' – Sabalenka on Ukraine war impact on her career |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/still-tough-but-its-not-my-fault-sabalenka-on-ukraine-war-impact-on-her-career |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310213839/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/still-tough-but-its-not-my-fault-sabalenka-on-ukraine-war-impact-on-her-career |archive-date=10 March 2023 |access-date=10 March 2023 |publisher=Tennis Infinity}}</ref> Ein comments on de Russian invasion of Ukraine den de situation of Ukrainian tennis players be criticised by [[Lesia Tsurenko]] ein coach Nikita Vlasov den former Ukrainian player [[Sergiy Stakhovsky]] for lacking substance den compassion.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Virag |first=Balasz |date=23 March 2023 |title=Sabalenka slammed by Tsurenko's coach amidst Ukraine comments |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/sabalenka-slammed-by-tsurenkos-coach-amidst-ukrainian-comments |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230425054255/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/sabalenka-slammed-by-tsurenkos-coach-amidst-ukrainian-comments |archive-date=25 April 2023 |access-date=24 April 2023 |publisher=Tennis Infinity}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Waite |first=Alex |date=21 April 2023 |title=Sabalenka criticized by Stakhovsky for empty words |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/sergiy-stakhovsky-criticises-sabalenkas-empty-words-on-russia-ukraine-war |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230502065116/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/sergiy-stakhovsky-criticises-sabalenkas-empty-words-on-russia-ukraine-war |archive-date=2 May 2023 |access-date=2 May 2023 |publisher=Tennis Infinity}}</ref> Sabalenka later indicate support for ending de war insyd Ukraine, dey talk say: "''If I could stop the war I would do it but unfortunately that doesn't lie in my hands. I just hope for peace.''"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=26 May 2023 |title=Aryna Sabalenka previews tense Roland Garros first round against Marta Kostyuk |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-previews-tense-roland-garros-first-round-against-marta-kostyuk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604113659/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/aryna-sabalenka-previews-tense-roland-garros-first-round-against-marta-kostyuk |archive-date=4 June 2023 |access-date=6 June 2023 |website=[[Tennis (magazine)|Tennis]]}}</ref> During a press conference at de 2023 French Open, wen asked about de war by Ukrainian journalist Daria Meshcheriakova, she say: "''Nobody in this world, Russian athletes or Belarusian athletes, support the war. Nobody. How can we support the war? Nobody, normal people will never support it."''<ref name="ESPN2023">{{Cite news|last=Maine|first=D'Arcy|date=8 June 2023|title=The complicated story of Aryna Sabalenka at the French Open|publisher=[[ESPN]]|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37800821/the-complicated-story-aryna-sabalenka-french-open|access-date=10 July 2023|archive-date=1 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701092028/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37800821/the-complicated-story-aryna-sabalenka-french-open|url-status=live}}</ref> She later say: "''I don't want my country to be in any conflict, I don't support war, meaning I don't support Lukashenko right now.''"<ref name="ESPN2023" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jurejko |first=Jonathan |date=6 June 2023 |title=French Open 2023: Aryna Sabalenka 'does not support' Belarus president Alexander Lukashenko |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/65826192 |website=[[BBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=6 June 2023|title=I don't support the war or Lukashenko, says Sabalenka|publisher=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/i-dont-support-war-or-lukashenko-says-sabalenka-2023-06-06/|access-date=9 July 2023|archive-date=9 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230709210226/https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/i-dont-support-war-or-lukashenko-says-sabalenka-2023-06-06/|url-status=live}}</ref> === Comments on transgender athletes === Insyd December 2025, Sabalenka state insyd an interview plus [[Piers Morgan]] say she oppose de participation of transgender women insyd women's tennis. While saying na she get "nothing against" transgender people, she argue say transgender women retain a biological advantage over female players den dat na e be unfair for women to compete against "biological men." She sanso say female athletes train thru out dema lives to reach de highest level wey dem for no compete against opponents whom she believe possess inherent physical advantages.<ref>{{cite web |last=Briggs |first=Simon |date=10 December 2025 |title=Aryna Sabalenka: I do not agree with transgender tennis players, it is unfair |url=https://sports.yahoo.com/articles/aryna-sabalenka-not-agree-transgender-003322125.html |publisher=Yahoo! Sports}}</ref> Insyd August 2026, Sabalenka reiterate ein views on transgender athletes dey talk say "''it would be not really fair for the woman to compete against biological man''" wey she voice support for de WTA ein new gender-testing policy wey ban trans women from participating insyd de WTA Tour.<ref>{{cite web |date=3 August 2026 |title=After speaking out against transgender athletes in women's sports, Aryna Sabalenka welcomes WTA's new gender-testing policy |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/tennis/news-after-speaking-transgender-athletes-women-s-sports-aryna-sabalenka-welcomes-wta-s-new-gender-testing-policy |publisher=[[Nazara Technologies#Sportskeeda|Sportskeeda]]}}</ref> === Television den film === Sabalenka dey appear insyd de tennis docuseries ''Break Point'', wich premiere on Netflix on 13 January 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Docuseries 'Break Point' Is Coming to Make a Racket |url=https://www.netflix.com/tudum/articles/break-point-tennis-show-release-date-cast-news |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221215160847/https://www.netflix.com/tudum/articles/break-point-tennis-show-release-date-cast-news |archive-date=15 December 2022 |access-date=18 July 2023 |website=Netflix Tudum}}</ref> bwjbhjpd7fuqt5ekvk2ja8q544h7kii 0 30321 112291 112269 2026-09-24T13:52:59Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "National representation" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375997088|Iga Świątek]]" 112291 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iga Natalia Świątek''' (born 31 May 2001) be a Polish professional tennis player. Dem currently rank am world No. 9 insyd women's singles by de WTA, she hold de world No. 1 ranking for a total of 125 weeks, seventh-most of all-time. Świątek win 26 WTA Tour–level singles titles, wey dey include six major titles: four at de French Open, one at Wimbledon, den one at de US Open. She sanso win de 2023 WTA Finals den twelve WTA 1000 events. Świątek be de first Pole to win a major singles title. As a junior, na Świątek be de 2018 French Open girls' doubles champion alongside [[Caty McNally]] den de 2018 Wimbledon girls' singles champion. She begin dey play regularly on de WTA Tour insyd 2019, wey sje enter de top 50 at 18 years old after ein first Tour final den a fourth-round appearance at de 2019 French Open. Insyd 2020, Świątek win ein first major at de French Open insyd dominant fashion, losing no more dan five games insyd any singles match. She enter de top ten of de WTA rankings for de first time insyd May 2021. Insyd early 2022, Świątek surge into dominance plus a 37-match winning streak, de longest on de WTA Tour insyd de 21st century, becoming world No. 1 insyd de process. Plus major titles at de French den US Opens, she fini 2022 as de world ein best player. She repeat de year-end No. 1 feat insyd 2023 by defending ein French Open title wey she claim de WTA Finals, wey she win de French Open for a third straight edition insyd 2024. Świątek win ein first grass court title at de 2025 Wimbledon Championships. She claim de French Open title at four of ein eight appearances at de tournament, she never loose a match before de fourth round. Insyd 2025 na dem suspend Świątek for one month for a drug found insyd contaminated sleep medication. Świątek get an all-court playing style. She win de WTA Fan Favorite Shot of the Year insyd 2019 plus a drop shot from de baseline, wey na dem vote am WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year insyd 2020. Insyd 2023, na dem name am ''L'Équipe'' Champion of Champions den Polish Sports Personality of de Year wey dem include am on ''Time'' ein annual list of de 100 most influential people insyd de world. == Early life den background == Dem born Świątek on 31 May 2001 insyd Warsaw to Dorota den [[Tomasz Świątek]]. Ein poppie be a former rower wey compete insyd de men's quadruple sculls event at de 1988 Seoul Olympics,<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref> while ein mother be an orthodontist. She get a sisto, Agata, wey be about three years older wey be a dentist.<ref name="parents">{{cite web |date=10 October 2020 |title=Iga Świątek Matka Ojciec: Kim są rodzice Igi Świątek? Ojciec i matka Igi Świątek |trans-title=Iga Świątek Mother Father: Who are Iga Świątek's parents? Father and mother of Iga Świątek |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013200927/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |archive-date=13 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=[[Super Express (newspaper)|Super Express]] |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem poppie wan ein daughters to become competitive athletes wey he prefer dem take up an individual sport rada dan a team sport to have better control of dema chances of success. Agata start out as a swimmer buh she switch to tennis. She briefly compete on de ITF Junior Circuit insyd 2013 at about 15 years old, buh na she stop dey play secof injuries.<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="father-interview">{{cite web |last1=Chojecki |first1=Michał |date=21 July 2018 |title=Tomasz Świątek, ojciec mistrzyni juniorskiego Wimbledonu: Iga sama dobrze wie, czego chce |trans-title=Tomasz Świątek, father of the Wimbledon junior champion: Iga knows exactly what she wants |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008140827/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Super Express |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="agata">{{cite web |title=Agata Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010155634/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek follow ein sisto into tennis secof na she wan to beat am den sanso secof na she wan to be more like am. Świątek train at Mera Warsaw as a 14-year-old before later she move go Legia Warsaw.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |last1=Ciastoń |first1=Jakub |date=26 August 2015 |title=Najmłodsza, najlepsza, Iga! 14-latka z Raszyna ograła na kortach Legii starsze od siebie tenisistki |trans-title=The youngest, the best, Iga! The 14-year-old from Raszyn outplayed the older tennis players on the Legia courts |url=https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811151514/https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |archive-date=11 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Sport.pl |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref> == Junior years == [[File:Iga_Swiatek_–_Wimbledon_junior_champion_2018_(50497948673)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Świątek plus de 2018 Wimbledon junior champion's trophy]] Świątek reach a career-high ranking of No. 5 as a junior player. She begin dey compete insyd ITF Junior Circuit events insyd 2015 wey she win back-to-back low-level Grade 4 titles insyd April den May at age 13. Before de end of de year, she move up to Grade 2 events wey she fini runner-up insyd both singles den doubles at de Czech Junior Open. Świątek make ein junior Grand Slam tournament debut insyd 2016 at de French Open, reaching de quarterfinals insyd both singles den doubles. She follow dis up plus ein best junior title to date at de Grade 1 Canadian Open Junior Championships, defeating [[Olga Danilović]] insyd de final.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Na Świątek get a strong first half of 2017. She win both de singles den doubles titles at de Grade 1 Traralgon Junior International. Although she loose ein opening round match at de Australian Open, she partner plus compatriot [[Maja Chwalińska]] to make ein first final insyd a major tournament, finishing runner-up insyd doubles to de North American team of [[Bianca Andreescu]] den [[Carson Branstine]].<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She then reach ein first Grade A singles final at de Trofeo Bonfiglio, losing to [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=28 May 2017 |title=Popyrin e Rybakina vincono il Trofeo Bonfiglio 2017 |trans-title=Popyrin and Rybakina win the Bonfiglio Trophy 2017 |url=https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216231303/https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |archive-date=16 December 2021 |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=Spazio Tennis |language=it}}</ref> Ein season cam to an end after anoda quarterfinal at de French Open,<ref name="itf-junior-singles" /><ref name="itf-junior-doubles" /> after wich na she get right ankle surgery wey keep am out for seven months.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Attar |first1=Jabbar |title=Iga Swiatek Beats Elena Rybakina في مجموعات متتالية للوصول إلى ربع النهائي في الدوحة |url=https://albait.me/2025/02/13/%d9%82%d8%b7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad-iga-swiatek-beats-elena-rybakina-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9/ |access-date=13 February 2025 |website=مجلة البيت}}</ref> Despite competing insyd only two Grand Slam tournaments insyd 2018 den three singles events in total, Świątek fini ein junior career plus ein best season.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She return to de junior tour at de French Open after a one-year absence wey she reach de semi-finals insyd singles, losing to [[Caty McNally]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=8 June 2020 |title=My Article on Amber O'Dell's Commitment to Virginia; McNally and Gauff to Play for French Open Girls Titles; Three Americans Advance to Bethany Beach $25K Semifinals |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> She fare better insyd doubles, dey partner plus McNally to win ein first junior major title. Dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato insyd de final.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Świątek play only singles at Wimbledon. As an unseeded player secof ein absence, na dem draw am against top seed [[Whitney Osuigwe]] insyd de first round. After winning dat match insyd three sets,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Takes Out Top Seed Osuigwe; Roehampton Champions Roll On as First Round of Wimbledon Junior Championships Completed |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007183740/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |archive-date=7 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> na she no drop anoda set during de rest of de tournament wey she win de championship for ein only junior major singles title. She defeat [[Leonie Küng]] insyd de final.<ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Claims Wimbledon Girls Title; McNally and Osuigwe Meet Royalty, Advance to Girls Doubles Final for Second Straight Year |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 July 2018 |title=Swiatek ready for 'next step' after junior Wimbledon win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130181204/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |archive-date=30 November 2024 |accessdate=24 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek then team up plus de Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to compete insyd de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. Dem reach de final wey dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato. She then fini ein junior career.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2020 |title=Swiatek Did Not Appear by Magic, But Is Rooted in the ITF Pathway |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070348/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=International Tennis Federation}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == National representation == === Junior competitions === [[File:Kaja_Juvan_and_Iga_Swiatek_02.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek ''(left)'' den [[Kaja Juvan]], de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics gold medallists insyd girls' doubles]] Świątek represent Poland at de ITF World Junior Tennis Finals for 14-and-under girls twice insyd 2014 den 2015. She win all of ein matches insyd 2014 to lead Poland to a ninth-place finish out of 16 teams. De following year, she help Poland go undefeated insyd de round-robin stage to reach de semi-finals.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek move up to de 16-and-under Junior Fed Cup insyd 2016, wer she play alongside [[Maja Chwalińska]] den Stefania Rogozińska-Dzik. Poland win de title, defeating de United States 2–1 insyd de final. Świątek win both of ein rubbers insyd de final tie, defeating [[Amanda Anisimova]] insyd singles before partnering plus Chwalińska to defeat [[Caty McNally]] den [[Claire Liu]] insyd de decisive doubles rubber.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=2 October 2016 |title=US Girls Fall to Poland in Junior Fed Cup Final, Russia Claims Junior Davis Cup; Collins, Coopersmith Win USTA Pro Circuit Titles |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008081359/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Na de last event of Świątek ein junior career be de 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games. Although she loose insyd de quarterfinals insyd singles to [[Clara Burel]],<ref>{{cite web |date=12 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: "I always dreamed of the Olympics! |url=https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029003926/https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Olympics}}</ref> she partner plus Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to win de gold medal insyd doubles. Insyd de final dem defeat Naito den Sato, weu na dem sanso be Świątek ein opponents insyd de French Open doubles final earlier insyd de year.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 October 2018 |title=Gold for Poland at Youth Olympics |url=http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008061401/http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=Radio Poland}}</ref> === Billie Jean King Cup === Świątek make ein senior Billie Jean King Cup debut insyd 2018 wen na Poland dey insyd Europe/Africa Zone Group I. To advance out of dis group, Poland need to win dema round-robin group, a play-off tie against one of de oda round-robin group winners, den then anoda play-off tie as part of de separate World Group II Play-off round. Na dem no win dema round-robin group insyd 2018 anaa 2019. Świątek win ein only singles match insyd 2018. While she win only one of ein three singles matches insyd 2019, she win both of ein doubles rubbers while partnering plus [[Alicja Rosolska]]. De following year, na de format be changed so say Poland need to finish insyd only de top two out of three teams insyd dema round-robin group to reach de promotional play-off. Nonetheless, dem win dema group wey dem defeat Sweden 2–0 insyd de play-off to advance to de separate Play-off round. Świątek win all three of ein singles matches insyd de 2020 Europe/Africa Zone Group I round,<ref name="bjk-cup" /> before skipping de Play-offs demaselves.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fink |first=Nikolaus |date=18 March 2021 |title=Iga Swiatek – Yes to the Olympics, No to the Billie Jean King Cup |url=https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165039/https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=Tennisnet}}</ref> Na de following edition insyd 2022 get Poland facing Romania insyd de qualifying round, wey Świątek win ein two games to help de team move on to de Finals.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 April 2022 |title=Swiatek steers Poland into Billie Jean King Cup finals; Czechs outlast Brits |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165037/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> However, na she no attend de finals secof de decisive round started very soon after de 2022 WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|title=Iga Swiatek out of Billie Jean King Cup, saying scheduling is 'not safe'|publisher=Associated Press|date=3 October 2022|access-date=17 November 2022|archive-date=17 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165038/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|url-status=live}}</ref> De rib injury Świątek encounter shortly after exiting de 2023 Indian Wells Open sanso cause am to miss Poland ein 2023 Billie Jean King cup qualifier against Kazakhstan insyd Astana.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 March 2023 |title=Defending champion Swiatek withdraws from Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322145829/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |archive-date=22 March 2023 |access-date=22 March 2023}}</ref> Overall, Świątek get a 9–3 record at de Fed Cup, wey dey comprise 7–2 insyd singles den 2–1 insyd doubles.<ref name="bjk-cup">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Poland |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511092308/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Billie Jean King Cup}}</ref> Insyd 2024, Świątek participate insyd a match against Switzerland winning two matches insyd singles den dey contribute to Poland ein 4–0 win, wich secure de country ein place insyd November ein Finals insyd Seville for a third consecutive year.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Kate |date=13 April 2024 |title=Switzerland 0–4 Poland: Swiatek seals deal to send Poles into Finals |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416211410/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |archive-date=16 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=billiejeankingcup.com}}</ref> Świątek help Poland reach de semifinals of de 2024 BJK Cup plus wins insyd singles den insyd doubles partnering compatriot [[Katarzyna Kawa]] over Czechia.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek leads Poland to first BJK Cup semifinal with singles and doubles wins over Czech team |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-leads-poland-first-bjk-cup-semifinal-singles-doubles-wins-czech-team}}</ref> Na e be de first semifinals insyd de BJK Cup Finals insyd dema nation ein history.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Swiatek wins in singles and doubles as Poland moves into BJK Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241117012027/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |archive-date=17 November 2024 |access-date=17 November 2024}}</ref> r6i2xek5gfdv8mv85l67h5j30231rhn 112294 112291 2026-09-24T14:58:20Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "Rivalries" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375997088|Iga Świątek]]" 112294 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iga Natalia Świątek''' (born 31 May 2001) be a Polish professional tennis player. Dem currently rank am world No. 9 insyd women's singles by de WTA, she hold de world No. 1 ranking for a total of 125 weeks, seventh-most of all-time. Świątek win 26 WTA Tour–level singles titles, wey dey include six major titles: four at de French Open, one at Wimbledon, den one at de US Open. She sanso win de 2023 WTA Finals den twelve WTA 1000 events. Świątek be de first Pole to win a major singles title. As a junior, na Świątek be de 2018 French Open girls' doubles champion alongside [[Caty McNally]] den de 2018 Wimbledon girls' singles champion. She begin dey play regularly on de WTA Tour insyd 2019, wey sje enter de top 50 at 18 years old after ein first Tour final den a fourth-round appearance at de 2019 French Open. Insyd 2020, Świątek win ein first major at de French Open insyd dominant fashion, losing no more dan five games insyd any singles match. She enter de top ten of de WTA rankings for de first time insyd May 2021. Insyd early 2022, Świątek surge into dominance plus a 37-match winning streak, de longest on de WTA Tour insyd de 21st century, becoming world No. 1 insyd de process. Plus major titles at de French den US Opens, she fini 2022 as de world ein best player. She repeat de year-end No. 1 feat insyd 2023 by defending ein French Open title wey she claim de WTA Finals, wey she win de French Open for a third straight edition insyd 2024. Świątek win ein first grass court title at de 2025 Wimbledon Championships. She claim de French Open title at four of ein eight appearances at de tournament, she never loose a match before de fourth round. Insyd 2025 na dem suspend Świątek for one month for a drug found insyd contaminated sleep medication. Świątek get an all-court playing style. She win de WTA Fan Favorite Shot of the Year insyd 2019 plus a drop shot from de baseline, wey na dem vote am WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year insyd 2020. Insyd 2023, na dem name am ''L'Équipe'' Champion of Champions den Polish Sports Personality of de Year wey dem include am on ''Time'' ein annual list of de 100 most influential people insyd de world. == Early life den background == Dem born Świątek on 31 May 2001 insyd Warsaw to Dorota den [[Tomasz Świątek]]. Ein poppie be a former rower wey compete insyd de men's quadruple sculls event at de 1988 Seoul Olympics,<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref> while ein mother be an orthodontist. She get a sisto, Agata, wey be about three years older wey be a dentist.<ref name="parents">{{cite web |date=10 October 2020 |title=Iga Świątek Matka Ojciec: Kim są rodzice Igi Świątek? Ojciec i matka Igi Świątek |trans-title=Iga Świątek Mother Father: Who are Iga Świątek's parents? Father and mother of Iga Świątek |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013200927/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |archive-date=13 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=[[Super Express (newspaper)|Super Express]] |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem poppie wan ein daughters to become competitive athletes wey he prefer dem take up an individual sport rada dan a team sport to have better control of dema chances of success. Agata start out as a swimmer buh she switch to tennis. She briefly compete on de ITF Junior Circuit insyd 2013 at about 15 years old, buh na she stop dey play secof injuries.<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="father-interview">{{cite web |last1=Chojecki |first1=Michał |date=21 July 2018 |title=Tomasz Świątek, ojciec mistrzyni juniorskiego Wimbledonu: Iga sama dobrze wie, czego chce |trans-title=Tomasz Świątek, father of the Wimbledon junior champion: Iga knows exactly what she wants |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008140827/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Super Express |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="agata">{{cite web |title=Agata Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010155634/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek follow ein sisto into tennis secof na she wan to beat am den sanso secof na she wan to be more like am. Świątek train at Mera Warsaw as a 14-year-old before later she move go Legia Warsaw.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |last1=Ciastoń |first1=Jakub |date=26 August 2015 |title=Najmłodsza, najlepsza, Iga! 14-latka z Raszyna ograła na kortach Legii starsze od siebie tenisistki |trans-title=The youngest, the best, Iga! The 14-year-old from Raszyn outplayed the older tennis players on the Legia courts |url=https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811151514/https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |archive-date=11 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Sport.pl |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref> == Junior years == [[File:Iga_Swiatek_–_Wimbledon_junior_champion_2018_(50497948673)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Świątek plus de 2018 Wimbledon junior champion's trophy]] Świątek reach a career-high ranking of No. 5 as a junior player. She begin dey compete insyd ITF Junior Circuit events insyd 2015 wey she win back-to-back low-level Grade 4 titles insyd April den May at age 13. Before de end of de year, she move up to Grade 2 events wey she fini runner-up insyd both singles den doubles at de Czech Junior Open. Świątek make ein junior Grand Slam tournament debut insyd 2016 at de French Open, reaching de quarterfinals insyd both singles den doubles. She follow dis up plus ein best junior title to date at de Grade 1 Canadian Open Junior Championships, defeating [[Olga Danilović]] insyd de final.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Na Świątek get a strong first half of 2017. She win both de singles den doubles titles at de Grade 1 Traralgon Junior International. Although she loose ein opening round match at de Australian Open, she partner plus compatriot [[Maja Chwalińska]] to make ein first final insyd a major tournament, finishing runner-up insyd doubles to de North American team of [[Bianca Andreescu]] den [[Carson Branstine]].<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She then reach ein first Grade A singles final at de Trofeo Bonfiglio, losing to [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=28 May 2017 |title=Popyrin e Rybakina vincono il Trofeo Bonfiglio 2017 |trans-title=Popyrin and Rybakina win the Bonfiglio Trophy 2017 |url=https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216231303/https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |archive-date=16 December 2021 |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=Spazio Tennis |language=it}}</ref> Ein season cam to an end after anoda quarterfinal at de French Open,<ref name="itf-junior-singles" /><ref name="itf-junior-doubles" /> after wich na she get right ankle surgery wey keep am out for seven months.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Attar |first1=Jabbar |title=Iga Swiatek Beats Elena Rybakina في مجموعات متتالية للوصول إلى ربع النهائي في الدوحة |url=https://albait.me/2025/02/13/%d9%82%d8%b7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad-iga-swiatek-beats-elena-rybakina-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9/ |access-date=13 February 2025 |website=مجلة البيت}}</ref> Despite competing insyd only two Grand Slam tournaments insyd 2018 den three singles events in total, Świątek fini ein junior career plus ein best season.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She return to de junior tour at de French Open after a one-year absence wey she reach de semi-finals insyd singles, losing to [[Caty McNally]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=8 June 2020 |title=My Article on Amber O'Dell's Commitment to Virginia; McNally and Gauff to Play for French Open Girls Titles; Three Americans Advance to Bethany Beach $25K Semifinals |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> She fare better insyd doubles, dey partner plus McNally to win ein first junior major title. Dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato insyd de final.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Świątek play only singles at Wimbledon. As an unseeded player secof ein absence, na dem draw am against top seed [[Whitney Osuigwe]] insyd de first round. After winning dat match insyd three sets,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Takes Out Top Seed Osuigwe; Roehampton Champions Roll On as First Round of Wimbledon Junior Championships Completed |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007183740/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |archive-date=7 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> na she no drop anoda set during de rest of de tournament wey she win de championship for ein only junior major singles title. She defeat [[Leonie Küng]] insyd de final.<ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Claims Wimbledon Girls Title; McNally and Osuigwe Meet Royalty, Advance to Girls Doubles Final for Second Straight Year |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 July 2018 |title=Swiatek ready for 'next step' after junior Wimbledon win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130181204/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |archive-date=30 November 2024 |accessdate=24 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek then team up plus de Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to compete insyd de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. Dem reach de final wey dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato. She then fini ein junior career.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2020 |title=Swiatek Did Not Appear by Magic, But Is Rooted in the ITF Pathway |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070348/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=International Tennis Federation}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == National representation == === Junior competitions === [[File:Kaja_Juvan_and_Iga_Swiatek_02.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek ''(left)'' den [[Kaja Juvan]], de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics gold medallists insyd girls' doubles]] Świątek represent Poland at de ITF World Junior Tennis Finals for 14-and-under girls twice insyd 2014 den 2015. She win all of ein matches insyd 2014 to lead Poland to a ninth-place finish out of 16 teams. De following year, she help Poland go undefeated insyd de round-robin stage to reach de semi-finals.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek move up to de 16-and-under Junior Fed Cup insyd 2016, wer she play alongside [[Maja Chwalińska]] den Stefania Rogozińska-Dzik. Poland win de title, defeating de United States 2–1 insyd de final. Świątek win both of ein rubbers insyd de final tie, defeating [[Amanda Anisimova]] insyd singles before partnering plus Chwalińska to defeat [[Caty McNally]] den [[Claire Liu]] insyd de decisive doubles rubber.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=2 October 2016 |title=US Girls Fall to Poland in Junior Fed Cup Final, Russia Claims Junior Davis Cup; Collins, Coopersmith Win USTA Pro Circuit Titles |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008081359/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Na de last event of Świątek ein junior career be de 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games. Although she loose insyd de quarterfinals insyd singles to [[Clara Burel]],<ref>{{cite web |date=12 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: "I always dreamed of the Olympics! |url=https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029003926/https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Olympics}}</ref> she partner plus Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to win de gold medal insyd doubles. Insyd de final dem defeat Naito den Sato, weu na dem sanso be Świątek ein opponents insyd de French Open doubles final earlier insyd de year.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 October 2018 |title=Gold for Poland at Youth Olympics |url=http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008061401/http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=Radio Poland}}</ref> === Billie Jean King Cup === Świątek make ein senior Billie Jean King Cup debut insyd 2018 wen na Poland dey insyd Europe/Africa Zone Group I. To advance out of dis group, Poland need to win dema round-robin group, a play-off tie against one of de oda round-robin group winners, den then anoda play-off tie as part of de separate World Group II Play-off round. Na dem no win dema round-robin group insyd 2018 anaa 2019. Świątek win ein only singles match insyd 2018. While she win only one of ein three singles matches insyd 2019, she win both of ein doubles rubbers while partnering plus [[Alicja Rosolska]]. De following year, na de format be changed so say Poland need to finish insyd only de top two out of three teams insyd dema round-robin group to reach de promotional play-off. Nonetheless, dem win dema group wey dem defeat Sweden 2–0 insyd de play-off to advance to de separate Play-off round. Świątek win all three of ein singles matches insyd de 2020 Europe/Africa Zone Group I round,<ref name="bjk-cup" /> before skipping de Play-offs demaselves.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fink |first=Nikolaus |date=18 March 2021 |title=Iga Swiatek – Yes to the Olympics, No to the Billie Jean King Cup |url=https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165039/https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=Tennisnet}}</ref> Na de following edition insyd 2022 get Poland facing Romania insyd de qualifying round, wey Świątek win ein two games to help de team move on to de Finals.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 April 2022 |title=Swiatek steers Poland into Billie Jean King Cup finals; Czechs outlast Brits |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165037/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> However, na she no attend de finals secof de decisive round started very soon after de 2022 WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|title=Iga Swiatek out of Billie Jean King Cup, saying scheduling is 'not safe'|publisher=Associated Press|date=3 October 2022|access-date=17 November 2022|archive-date=17 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165038/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|url-status=live}}</ref> De rib injury Świątek encounter shortly after exiting de 2023 Indian Wells Open sanso cause am to miss Poland ein 2023 Billie Jean King cup qualifier against Kazakhstan insyd Astana.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 March 2023 |title=Defending champion Swiatek withdraws from Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322145829/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |archive-date=22 March 2023 |access-date=22 March 2023}}</ref> Overall, Świątek get a 9–3 record at de Fed Cup, wey dey comprise 7–2 insyd singles den 2–1 insyd doubles.<ref name="bjk-cup">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Poland |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511092308/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Billie Jean King Cup}}</ref> Insyd 2024, Świątek participate insyd a match against Switzerland winning two matches insyd singles den dey contribute to Poland ein 4–0 win, wich secure de country ein place insyd November ein Finals insyd Seville for a third consecutive year.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Kate |date=13 April 2024 |title=Switzerland 0–4 Poland: Swiatek seals deal to send Poles into Finals |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416211410/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |archive-date=16 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=billiejeankingcup.com}}</ref> Świątek help Poland reach de semifinals of de 2024 BJK Cup plus wins insyd singles den insyd doubles partnering compatriot [[Katarzyna Kawa]] over Czechia.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek leads Poland to first BJK Cup semifinal with singles and doubles wins over Czech team |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-leads-poland-first-bjk-cup-semifinal-singles-doubles-wins-czech-team}}</ref> Na e be de first semifinals insyd de BJK Cup Finals insyd dema nation ein history.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Swiatek wins in singles and doubles as Poland moves into BJK Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241117012027/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |archive-date=17 November 2024 |access-date=17 November 2024}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Aryna Sabalenka === Świątek den [[Aryna Sabalenka]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Aryna Sabalenka vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as having a potential to be counted among those wey shape de history of tennis.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Dema most laud match be de 2024 Madrid Open final insyd wich Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets after 3 hours den 11 minutes, sanso dey save three championship points insyd de process.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go end Świątek ein 26-match winning streak at de French Open by defeating am insyd de 2025 French Open semifinal 7–6(1), 4–6, 6–0.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Świątek den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 16 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 11–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Coco Gauff vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/326408 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema last four matches, three of wich be de 2024 WTA Finals, 2025 United Cup final, den again at de 2026 United Cup semifinal wey Gauff win.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2025 |title=Stars and stripes reign in Sydney as Gauff and Fritz clinch United Cup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114122427/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |archive-date=14 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-10 |title=Gauff bests Swiatek as United States vs. Poland semifinal heads to mixed doubles |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431917/coco-gauff-bests-iga-swiatek-as-united-states-vs-poland-united-cup-semifinal-heads-to-mixed-doubles |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dem play each oda three times at majors, plus all of dese matches wey Świątek win insyd straight sets: 2022 French Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2022 |title=How Iga Swiatek won the 2022 French Open – and why she could dominate for the foreseeable future |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133906/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> 2023 French Open quarterfinal,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek continues success vs. Coco Gauff, into French semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37811652/iga-swiatek-continues-success-vs-coco-gauff-french-semis |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> den 2024 French Open semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek overwhelms Coco Gauff to reach French Open final |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930122150/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> === Elena Rybakina === Świątek develop a prominent rivalry plus [[Elena Rybakina]]. De two meet 14 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–6 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Rybakina lead earlier insyd dema careers before Świątek begin to pull ahead. Swiatek defeat Rybakina to win win seventh WTA 1000 title at de 2024 Qatar TotalEnergies Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina cam back from a set down to snap a 4-match losing streak insyd 2025 WTA Finals insyd Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina san go defeat am at de 2026 Australian Open quarterfinals insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> === Jeļena Ostapenko === As of June 2025, [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] dey lead Iga Świątek 6–0 insyd dema head-to-head, wey dey make am de only active player to have an undefeated record against Świątek across multiple matches. Dema encounters span all surfaces, wey Ostapenko dey claim key wins at de 2023 US Open den de 2025 Stuttgart Open. Ein aggressive, na high-risk style consistently unsettle Świątek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=Why Can't Iga Swiatek Beat Jelena Ostapenko? |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/04/22/why-cant-iga-swiatek-beat-jelena-ostapenko/}}</ref> lxg1ljaw3iw3jj8g1duxvrqcv2sm1l3 112295 112294 2026-09-24T15:15:58Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "Playing style" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375997088|Iga Świątek]]" 112295 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iga Natalia Świątek''' (born 31 May 2001) be a Polish professional tennis player. Dem currently rank am world No. 9 insyd women's singles by de WTA, she hold de world No. 1 ranking for a total of 125 weeks, seventh-most of all-time. Świątek win 26 WTA Tour–level singles titles, wey dey include six major titles: four at de French Open, one at Wimbledon, den one at de US Open. She sanso win de 2023 WTA Finals den twelve WTA 1000 events. Świątek be de first Pole to win a major singles title. As a junior, na Świątek be de 2018 French Open girls' doubles champion alongside [[Caty McNally]] den de 2018 Wimbledon girls' singles champion. She begin dey play regularly on de WTA Tour insyd 2019, wey sje enter de top 50 at 18 years old after ein first Tour final den a fourth-round appearance at de 2019 French Open. Insyd 2020, Świątek win ein first major at de French Open insyd dominant fashion, losing no more dan five games insyd any singles match. She enter de top ten of de WTA rankings for de first time insyd May 2021. Insyd early 2022, Świątek surge into dominance plus a 37-match winning streak, de longest on de WTA Tour insyd de 21st century, becoming world No. 1 insyd de process. Plus major titles at de French den US Opens, she fini 2022 as de world ein best player. She repeat de year-end No. 1 feat insyd 2023 by defending ein French Open title wey she claim de WTA Finals, wey she win de French Open for a third straight edition insyd 2024. Świątek win ein first grass court title at de 2025 Wimbledon Championships. She claim de French Open title at four of ein eight appearances at de tournament, she never loose a match before de fourth round. Insyd 2025 na dem suspend Świątek for one month for a drug found insyd contaminated sleep medication. Świątek get an all-court playing style. She win de WTA Fan Favorite Shot of the Year insyd 2019 plus a drop shot from de baseline, wey na dem vote am WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year insyd 2020. Insyd 2023, na dem name am ''L'Équipe'' Champion of Champions den Polish Sports Personality of de Year wey dem include am on ''Time'' ein annual list of de 100 most influential people insyd de world. == Early life den background == Dem born Świątek on 31 May 2001 insyd Warsaw to Dorota den [[Tomasz Świątek]]. Ein poppie be a former rower wey compete insyd de men's quadruple sculls event at de 1988 Seoul Olympics,<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref> while ein mother be an orthodontist. She get a sisto, Agata, wey be about three years older wey be a dentist.<ref name="parents">{{cite web |date=10 October 2020 |title=Iga Świątek Matka Ojciec: Kim są rodzice Igi Świątek? Ojciec i matka Igi Świątek |trans-title=Iga Świątek Mother Father: Who are Iga Świątek's parents? Father and mother of Iga Świątek |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013200927/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |archive-date=13 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=[[Super Express (newspaper)|Super Express]] |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem poppie wan ein daughters to become competitive athletes wey he prefer dem take up an individual sport rada dan a team sport to have better control of dema chances of success. Agata start out as a swimmer buh she switch to tennis. She briefly compete on de ITF Junior Circuit insyd 2013 at about 15 years old, buh na she stop dey play secof injuries.<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="father-interview">{{cite web |last1=Chojecki |first1=Michał |date=21 July 2018 |title=Tomasz Świątek, ojciec mistrzyni juniorskiego Wimbledonu: Iga sama dobrze wie, czego chce |trans-title=Tomasz Świątek, father of the Wimbledon junior champion: Iga knows exactly what she wants |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008140827/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Super Express |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="agata">{{cite web |title=Agata Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010155634/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek follow ein sisto into tennis secof na she wan to beat am den sanso secof na she wan to be more like am. Świątek train at Mera Warsaw as a 14-year-old before later she move go Legia Warsaw.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |last1=Ciastoń |first1=Jakub |date=26 August 2015 |title=Najmłodsza, najlepsza, Iga! 14-latka z Raszyna ograła na kortach Legii starsze od siebie tenisistki |trans-title=The youngest, the best, Iga! The 14-year-old from Raszyn outplayed the older tennis players on the Legia courts |url=https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811151514/https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |archive-date=11 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Sport.pl |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref> == Junior years == [[File:Iga_Swiatek_–_Wimbledon_junior_champion_2018_(50497948673)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Świątek plus de 2018 Wimbledon junior champion's trophy]] Świątek reach a career-high ranking of No. 5 as a junior player. She begin dey compete insyd ITF Junior Circuit events insyd 2015 wey she win back-to-back low-level Grade 4 titles insyd April den May at age 13. Before de end of de year, she move up to Grade 2 events wey she fini runner-up insyd both singles den doubles at de Czech Junior Open. Świątek make ein junior Grand Slam tournament debut insyd 2016 at de French Open, reaching de quarterfinals insyd both singles den doubles. She follow dis up plus ein best junior title to date at de Grade 1 Canadian Open Junior Championships, defeating [[Olga Danilović]] insyd de final.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Na Świątek get a strong first half of 2017. She win both de singles den doubles titles at de Grade 1 Traralgon Junior International. Although she loose ein opening round match at de Australian Open, she partner plus compatriot [[Maja Chwalińska]] to make ein first final insyd a major tournament, finishing runner-up insyd doubles to de North American team of [[Bianca Andreescu]] den [[Carson Branstine]].<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She then reach ein first Grade A singles final at de Trofeo Bonfiglio, losing to [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=28 May 2017 |title=Popyrin e Rybakina vincono il Trofeo Bonfiglio 2017 |trans-title=Popyrin and Rybakina win the Bonfiglio Trophy 2017 |url=https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216231303/https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |archive-date=16 December 2021 |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=Spazio Tennis |language=it}}</ref> Ein season cam to an end after anoda quarterfinal at de French Open,<ref name="itf-junior-singles" /><ref name="itf-junior-doubles" /> after wich na she get right ankle surgery wey keep am out for seven months.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Attar |first1=Jabbar |title=Iga Swiatek Beats Elena Rybakina في مجموعات متتالية للوصول إلى ربع النهائي في الدوحة |url=https://albait.me/2025/02/13/%d9%82%d8%b7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad-iga-swiatek-beats-elena-rybakina-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9/ |access-date=13 February 2025 |website=مجلة البيت}}</ref> Despite competing insyd only two Grand Slam tournaments insyd 2018 den three singles events in total, Świątek fini ein junior career plus ein best season.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She return to de junior tour at de French Open after a one-year absence wey she reach de semi-finals insyd singles, losing to [[Caty McNally]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=8 June 2020 |title=My Article on Amber O'Dell's Commitment to Virginia; McNally and Gauff to Play for French Open Girls Titles; Three Americans Advance to Bethany Beach $25K Semifinals |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> She fare better insyd doubles, dey partner plus McNally to win ein first junior major title. Dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato insyd de final.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Świątek play only singles at Wimbledon. As an unseeded player secof ein absence, na dem draw am against top seed [[Whitney Osuigwe]] insyd de first round. After winning dat match insyd three sets,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Takes Out Top Seed Osuigwe; Roehampton Champions Roll On as First Round of Wimbledon Junior Championships Completed |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007183740/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |archive-date=7 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> na she no drop anoda set during de rest of de tournament wey she win de championship for ein only junior major singles title. She defeat [[Leonie Küng]] insyd de final.<ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Claims Wimbledon Girls Title; McNally and Osuigwe Meet Royalty, Advance to Girls Doubles Final for Second Straight Year |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 July 2018 |title=Swiatek ready for 'next step' after junior Wimbledon win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130181204/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |archive-date=30 November 2024 |accessdate=24 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek then team up plus de Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to compete insyd de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. Dem reach de final wey dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato. She then fini ein junior career.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2020 |title=Swiatek Did Not Appear by Magic, But Is Rooted in the ITF Pathway |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070348/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=International Tennis Federation}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == National representation == === Junior competitions === [[File:Kaja_Juvan_and_Iga_Swiatek_02.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek ''(left)'' den [[Kaja Juvan]], de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics gold medallists insyd girls' doubles]] Świątek represent Poland at de ITF World Junior Tennis Finals for 14-and-under girls twice insyd 2014 den 2015. She win all of ein matches insyd 2014 to lead Poland to a ninth-place finish out of 16 teams. De following year, she help Poland go undefeated insyd de round-robin stage to reach de semi-finals.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek move up to de 16-and-under Junior Fed Cup insyd 2016, wer she play alongside [[Maja Chwalińska]] den Stefania Rogozińska-Dzik. Poland win de title, defeating de United States 2–1 insyd de final. Świątek win both of ein rubbers insyd de final tie, defeating [[Amanda Anisimova]] insyd singles before partnering plus Chwalińska to defeat [[Caty McNally]] den [[Claire Liu]] insyd de decisive doubles rubber.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=2 October 2016 |title=US Girls Fall to Poland in Junior Fed Cup Final, Russia Claims Junior Davis Cup; Collins, Coopersmith Win USTA Pro Circuit Titles |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008081359/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Na de last event of Świątek ein junior career be de 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games. Although she loose insyd de quarterfinals insyd singles to [[Clara Burel]],<ref>{{cite web |date=12 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: "I always dreamed of the Olympics! |url=https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029003926/https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Olympics}}</ref> she partner plus Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to win de gold medal insyd doubles. Insyd de final dem defeat Naito den Sato, weu na dem sanso be Świątek ein opponents insyd de French Open doubles final earlier insyd de year.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 October 2018 |title=Gold for Poland at Youth Olympics |url=http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008061401/http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=Radio Poland}}</ref> === Billie Jean King Cup === Świątek make ein senior Billie Jean King Cup debut insyd 2018 wen na Poland dey insyd Europe/Africa Zone Group I. To advance out of dis group, Poland need to win dema round-robin group, a play-off tie against one of de oda round-robin group winners, den then anoda play-off tie as part of de separate World Group II Play-off round. Na dem no win dema round-robin group insyd 2018 anaa 2019. Świątek win ein only singles match insyd 2018. While she win only one of ein three singles matches insyd 2019, she win both of ein doubles rubbers while partnering plus [[Alicja Rosolska]]. De following year, na de format be changed so say Poland need to finish insyd only de top two out of three teams insyd dema round-robin group to reach de promotional play-off. Nonetheless, dem win dema group wey dem defeat Sweden 2–0 insyd de play-off to advance to de separate Play-off round. Świątek win all three of ein singles matches insyd de 2020 Europe/Africa Zone Group I round,<ref name="bjk-cup" /> before skipping de Play-offs demaselves.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fink |first=Nikolaus |date=18 March 2021 |title=Iga Swiatek – Yes to the Olympics, No to the Billie Jean King Cup |url=https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165039/https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=Tennisnet}}</ref> Na de following edition insyd 2022 get Poland facing Romania insyd de qualifying round, wey Świątek win ein two games to help de team move on to de Finals.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 April 2022 |title=Swiatek steers Poland into Billie Jean King Cup finals; Czechs outlast Brits |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165037/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> However, na she no attend de finals secof de decisive round started very soon after de 2022 WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|title=Iga Swiatek out of Billie Jean King Cup, saying scheduling is 'not safe'|publisher=Associated Press|date=3 October 2022|access-date=17 November 2022|archive-date=17 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165038/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|url-status=live}}</ref> De rib injury Świątek encounter shortly after exiting de 2023 Indian Wells Open sanso cause am to miss Poland ein 2023 Billie Jean King cup qualifier against Kazakhstan insyd Astana.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 March 2023 |title=Defending champion Swiatek withdraws from Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322145829/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |archive-date=22 March 2023 |access-date=22 March 2023}}</ref> Overall, Świątek get a 9–3 record at de Fed Cup, wey dey comprise 7–2 insyd singles den 2–1 insyd doubles.<ref name="bjk-cup">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Poland |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511092308/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Billie Jean King Cup}}</ref> Insyd 2024, Świątek participate insyd a match against Switzerland winning two matches insyd singles den dey contribute to Poland ein 4–0 win, wich secure de country ein place insyd November ein Finals insyd Seville for a third consecutive year.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Kate |date=13 April 2024 |title=Switzerland 0–4 Poland: Swiatek seals deal to send Poles into Finals |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416211410/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |archive-date=16 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=billiejeankingcup.com}}</ref> Świątek help Poland reach de semifinals of de 2024 BJK Cup plus wins insyd singles den insyd doubles partnering compatriot [[Katarzyna Kawa]] over Czechia.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek leads Poland to first BJK Cup semifinal with singles and doubles wins over Czech team |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-leads-poland-first-bjk-cup-semifinal-singles-doubles-wins-czech-team}}</ref> Na e be de first semifinals insyd de BJK Cup Finals insyd dema nation ein history.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Swiatek wins in singles and doubles as Poland moves into BJK Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241117012027/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |archive-date=17 November 2024 |access-date=17 November 2024}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Aryna Sabalenka === Świątek den [[Aryna Sabalenka]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Aryna Sabalenka vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as having a potential to be counted among those wey shape de history of tennis.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Dema most laud match be de 2024 Madrid Open final insyd wich Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets after 3 hours den 11 minutes, sanso dey save three championship points insyd de process.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go end Świątek ein 26-match winning streak at de French Open by defeating am insyd de 2025 French Open semifinal 7–6(1), 4–6, 6–0.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Świątek den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 16 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 11–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Coco Gauff vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/326408 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema last four matches, three of wich be de 2024 WTA Finals, 2025 United Cup final, den again at de 2026 United Cup semifinal wey Gauff win.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2025 |title=Stars and stripes reign in Sydney as Gauff and Fritz clinch United Cup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114122427/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |archive-date=14 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-10 |title=Gauff bests Swiatek as United States vs. Poland semifinal heads to mixed doubles |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431917/coco-gauff-bests-iga-swiatek-as-united-states-vs-poland-united-cup-semifinal-heads-to-mixed-doubles |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dem play each oda three times at majors, plus all of dese matches wey Świątek win insyd straight sets: 2022 French Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2022 |title=How Iga Swiatek won the 2022 French Open – and why she could dominate for the foreseeable future |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133906/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> 2023 French Open quarterfinal,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek continues success vs. Coco Gauff, into French semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37811652/iga-swiatek-continues-success-vs-coco-gauff-french-semis |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> den 2024 French Open semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek overwhelms Coco Gauff to reach French Open final |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930122150/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> === Elena Rybakina === Świątek develop a prominent rivalry plus [[Elena Rybakina]]. De two meet 14 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–6 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Rybakina lead earlier insyd dema careers before Świątek begin to pull ahead. Swiatek defeat Rybakina to win win seventh WTA 1000 title at de 2024 Qatar TotalEnergies Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina cam back from a set down to snap a 4-match losing streak insyd 2025 WTA Finals insyd Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina san go defeat am at de 2026 Australian Open quarterfinals insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> === Jeļena Ostapenko === As of June 2025, [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] dey lead Iga Świątek 6–0 insyd dema head-to-head, wey dey make am de only active player to have an undefeated record against Świątek across multiple matches. Dema encounters span all surfaces, wey Ostapenko dey claim key wins at de 2023 US Open den de 2025 Stuttgart Open. Ein aggressive, na high-risk style consistently unsettle Świątek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=Why Can't Iga Swiatek Beat Jelena Ostapenko? |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/04/22/why-cant-iga-swiatek-beat-jelena-ostapenko/}}</ref> == Playing style == [[File:Swiatek_backhand_2023_US_Open.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a backhand at de 2023 US Open]] Świątek get an aggressive, all-court style of play den dey incorporate a lot of variety into ein game. Secof ein game style be focused on offence, she typically dey generate high amounts of both winners den unforced errors.<ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="all-court">{{cite web |last1=Chiesa |first1=Victoria |date=19 August 2020 |title=Next Up: Opportunity knocks for Iga Swiatek at 2020 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200830062949/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |archive-date=30 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=US Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Abid |first1=Musab |date=27 January 2020 |title=Australian Open 2020: Poland's Iga Swiatek shows off her full potential as she goes down swinging to Anett Kontaveit |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008152938/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=First Post}}</ref> She describe ein style of play on clay as "a big serve, topspin, den backhand down de line".<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Despite ein aggressive style of play, she dey play plus margin, den dey construct points carefully til she dey create an opportunity to hit a winner, den insyd all seven of ein matches she play at de 2020 French Open, she hit more winners dan unforced errors. In total at de French Open dat year, she hit 175 winners to 127 unforced errors. Na de basis of Świątek ein game be described by tennis journalist [[Christopher Clarey]] for ''The New York Times'' as: ein sliding ability, wey dey allow am to defend from de corners ''à la'' [[Kim Clijsters]] den [[Novak Djokovic]], a "sprinter's speed" wen moving forward to de net, power den topspin akin to ein idol [[Rafael Nadal]], den mental strength forge thru sports psychology.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|title=Iga Swiatek, U.S. Open Winner, is Ready for Global Stardom|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=11 September 2022|access-date=11 September 2022|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911003108/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|url-status=live|last1=Clarey|first1=Christopher}}</ref> Ein forehand den backhand be fast den powerful, wey ein forehand be hit plus significant topspin secof she dey employ an extreme western grip; on ein run to de title at de French Open insyd 2020, na Świątek ein average forehand speed be {{convert|73|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, only 4&nbsp;km/h below dat of de average male forehand speed. She even hit sam forehands up to {{convert|79|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw wey she be exceeded only by [[Jannik Sinner]] on de men's side. Ein forehand topspin reach 3,453 rpm at de French Open, comparable plus ein idol Rafael Nadal.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: Her topspin, a new high for women's tennis |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027020008/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |archive-date=27 October 2020 |access-date=5 December 2020 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> Świątek ein backhand speed peak at {{convert|76|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} at de French Open, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw, den equal to [[Dominic Thiem]] ein backhand speed, de fastest of any male player at de French Open.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mitchell |first1=Kevin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Simona Halep dumped out of French Open by Polish teenager Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207064659/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=7 December 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref name="WTA May 19, 2022">{{Cite web |title=WTA May 19, 2022 Inside the rise of Iga Swiatek: Blistering forehands and unmatched aggression |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230114113353/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |archive-date=14 January 2023 |access-date=14 January 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Considering ein dominance on clay, Świątek often be called de "Queen of Clay".<ref>{{cite web |date=23 May 2024 |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/queen-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-paris-2024-05-23/ |accessdate=29 May 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek annointed as the Queen of Clay at Roland-Garros |url=https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203724/https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |archive-date=25 July 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=National Bank Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530025450/https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |archive-date=30 May 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=SuperSport}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to cam to de net, wey she get good volleying skills secof ein doubles experience.<ref name="bounce">{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=4 October 2020 |title=Fresh Energy > Star Power: Iga Swiatek's and Martina Trevisan's Upsets |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022184203/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Świątek dey possess an accurate first serve, wey dey peak at {{convert|123|mph|km/h|abbr=on}},<ref>{{cite web |title=Infosys Match Centre, Roland Garros, 2024 |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606191535/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024}}</ref> den dey average at {{convert|108|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, wey dey allow am to serve aces, dictate play from de first stroke, den win a majority of first-serve points. She dey possess an effective kick serve, den an effective slice serve, wich be deployed as second serves, preventing opponents from scoring free points. Insyd earlier years of ein career, she regularly use de drop shot, wey she win de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year plus a cross-court drop shot from de baseline wey land on de sideline well insyd de service box.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Top-seeded Halep stunned by Swiatek, Nadal moves on |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008045258/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Xinhua Net}}</ref> Since de beginning of ein collaboration plus Tomasz Wiktorowski, she simplify ein game den currently very rarely dey employ dis shot.<ref>{{cite web |title=Navratilova's tips: How Swiatek, Sabalenka and Gauff can elevate their game |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303233920/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |archive-date=3 March 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to gain de advantage insyd a point by hitting de ball early on de rise.<ref name="bounce" /> Further strengths dey include ein exceptional speed, movement, den court coverage, detailed den intricate footwork, den intelligent point construction. Ein favourite surface be clay, having grown up playing on dat surface, although she get success on all surfaces.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McLean |first1=Ross |date=26 June 2019 |title=Swiatek: Winning Wimbledon Changed Everything |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031200935/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Ein clay court success be enhanced by ein ability to slide on de surface; as ein career progress, she sanso develop de ability to slide on hard den grass courts, too. [[File:Iga_Swiatek_serving_in_2023.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek about to serve]] === Bagels den Breadsticks === Over Świątek ein WTA career up til May 2024 an average of 40.6 percent of ein matches be included either a 6–0 (bagel) set anaa a 6–1 (breadstick) set. As a result, chaw start to use de term "Iga's Bakery" to describe dis.<ref name="Eccleshare">{{cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=24 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's (tennis) bagels: How the WTA world No 1 bakes her 6–0 sets |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526005341/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |archive-date=26 May 2024 |accessdate=26 May 2024 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> During de 2023 season she win a bagel set insyd 29 percent of ein matches dem compare plus an average of 11.4 per cent of matches for matches insyd wich na she no dey play.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> Ein closest bagel rivals be Coco Gauff den Jessica Pegula, both of whom score eight insyd 2023.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> As of July 2025, she dispense de rarer double bagel nine times insyd ein WTA career, three of wich cam during major tournaments (wich be against Xinyu Wang insyd de 2023 French Open, against [[Anastasia Potapova]] insyd de 2024 French Open, den against Amanda Anisimova insyd de 2025 Wimbledon final).<ref>{{cite web |last=Sutelan |first=Edward |date=7 June 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek bakery, explained: How tennis star's 'bagel & breadstick' dominance has led to meme |url=https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527050500/https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |archive-date=27 May 2024 |accessdate=27 May 2024 |website=Sporting News}}</ref> arn7pqqvqrfzskp7wp6xoh4whxc224p 112297 112295 2026-09-24T16:05:30Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "Rivalries" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375997088|Iga Świątek]]" 112297 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iga Natalia Świątek''' (born 31 May 2001) be a Polish professional tennis player. Dem currently rank am world No. 9 insyd women's singles by de WTA, she hold de world No. 1 ranking for a total of 125 weeks, seventh-most of all-time. Świątek win 26 WTA Tour–level singles titles, wey dey include six major titles: four at de French Open, one at Wimbledon, den one at de US Open. She sanso win de 2023 WTA Finals den twelve WTA 1000 events. Świątek be de first Pole to win a major singles title. As a junior, na Świątek be de 2018 French Open girls' doubles champion alongside [[Caty McNally]] den de 2018 Wimbledon girls' singles champion. She begin dey play regularly on de WTA Tour insyd 2019, wey sje enter de top 50 at 18 years old after ein first Tour final den a fourth-round appearance at de 2019 French Open. Insyd 2020, Świątek win ein first major at de French Open insyd dominant fashion, losing no more dan five games insyd any singles match. She enter de top ten of de WTA rankings for de first time insyd May 2021. Insyd early 2022, Świątek surge into dominance plus a 37-match winning streak, de longest on de WTA Tour insyd de 21st century, becoming world No. 1 insyd de process. Plus major titles at de French den US Opens, she fini 2022 as de world ein best player. She repeat de year-end No. 1 feat insyd 2023 by defending ein French Open title wey she claim de WTA Finals, wey she win de French Open for a third straight edition insyd 2024. Świątek win ein first grass court title at de 2025 Wimbledon Championships. She claim de French Open title at four of ein eight appearances at de tournament, she never loose a match before de fourth round. Insyd 2025 na dem suspend Świątek for one month for a drug found insyd contaminated sleep medication. Świątek get an all-court playing style. She win de WTA Fan Favorite Shot of the Year insyd 2019 plus a drop shot from de baseline, wey na dem vote am WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year insyd 2020. Insyd 2023, na dem name am ''L'Équipe'' Champion of Champions den Polish Sports Personality of de Year wey dem include am on ''Time'' ein annual list of de 100 most influential people insyd de world. == Early life den background == Dem born Świątek on 31 May 2001 insyd Warsaw to Dorota den [[Tomasz Świątek]]. Ein poppie be a former rower wey compete insyd de men's quadruple sculls event at de 1988 Seoul Olympics,<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref> while ein mother be an orthodontist. She get a sisto, Agata, wey be about three years older wey be a dentist.<ref name="parents">{{cite web |date=10 October 2020 |title=Iga Świątek Matka Ojciec: Kim są rodzice Igi Świątek? Ojciec i matka Igi Świątek |trans-title=Iga Świątek Mother Father: Who are Iga Świątek's parents? Father and mother of Iga Świątek |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013200927/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |archive-date=13 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=[[Super Express (newspaper)|Super Express]] |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem poppie wan ein daughters to become competitive athletes wey he prefer dem take up an individual sport rada dan a team sport to have better control of dema chances of success. Agata start out as a swimmer buh she switch to tennis. She briefly compete on de ITF Junior Circuit insyd 2013 at about 15 years old, buh na she stop dey play secof injuries.<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="father-interview">{{cite web |last1=Chojecki |first1=Michał |date=21 July 2018 |title=Tomasz Świątek, ojciec mistrzyni juniorskiego Wimbledonu: Iga sama dobrze wie, czego chce |trans-title=Tomasz Świątek, father of the Wimbledon junior champion: Iga knows exactly what she wants |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008140827/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Super Express |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="agata">{{cite web |title=Agata Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010155634/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek follow ein sisto into tennis secof na she wan to beat am den sanso secof na she wan to be more like am. Świątek train at Mera Warsaw as a 14-year-old before later she move go Legia Warsaw.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |last1=Ciastoń |first1=Jakub |date=26 August 2015 |title=Najmłodsza, najlepsza, Iga! 14-latka z Raszyna ograła na kortach Legii starsze od siebie tenisistki |trans-title=The youngest, the best, Iga! The 14-year-old from Raszyn outplayed the older tennis players on the Legia courts |url=https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811151514/https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |archive-date=11 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Sport.pl |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref> == Junior years == [[File:Iga_Swiatek_–_Wimbledon_junior_champion_2018_(50497948673)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Świątek plus de 2018 Wimbledon junior champion's trophy]] Świątek reach a career-high ranking of No. 5 as a junior player. She begin dey compete insyd ITF Junior Circuit events insyd 2015 wey she win back-to-back low-level Grade 4 titles insyd April den May at age 13. Before de end of de year, she move up to Grade 2 events wey she fini runner-up insyd both singles den doubles at de Czech Junior Open. Świątek make ein junior Grand Slam tournament debut insyd 2016 at de French Open, reaching de quarterfinals insyd both singles den doubles. She follow dis up plus ein best junior title to date at de Grade 1 Canadian Open Junior Championships, defeating [[Olga Danilović]] insyd de final.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Na Świątek get a strong first half of 2017. She win both de singles den doubles titles at de Grade 1 Traralgon Junior International. Although she loose ein opening round match at de Australian Open, she partner plus compatriot [[Maja Chwalińska]] to make ein first final insyd a major tournament, finishing runner-up insyd doubles to de North American team of [[Bianca Andreescu]] den [[Carson Branstine]].<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She then reach ein first Grade A singles final at de Trofeo Bonfiglio, losing to [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=28 May 2017 |title=Popyrin e Rybakina vincono il Trofeo Bonfiglio 2017 |trans-title=Popyrin and Rybakina win the Bonfiglio Trophy 2017 |url=https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216231303/https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |archive-date=16 December 2021 |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=Spazio Tennis |language=it}}</ref> Ein season cam to an end after anoda quarterfinal at de French Open,<ref name="itf-junior-singles" /><ref name="itf-junior-doubles" /> after wich na she get right ankle surgery wey keep am out for seven months.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Attar |first1=Jabbar |title=Iga Swiatek Beats Elena Rybakina في مجموعات متتالية للوصول إلى ربع النهائي في الدوحة |url=https://albait.me/2025/02/13/%d9%82%d8%b7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad-iga-swiatek-beats-elena-rybakina-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9/ |access-date=13 February 2025 |website=مجلة البيت}}</ref> Despite competing insyd only two Grand Slam tournaments insyd 2018 den three singles events in total, Świątek fini ein junior career plus ein best season.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She return to de junior tour at de French Open after a one-year absence wey she reach de semi-finals insyd singles, losing to [[Caty McNally]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=8 June 2020 |title=My Article on Amber O'Dell's Commitment to Virginia; McNally and Gauff to Play for French Open Girls Titles; Three Americans Advance to Bethany Beach $25K Semifinals |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> She fare better insyd doubles, dey partner plus McNally to win ein first junior major title. Dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato insyd de final.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Świątek play only singles at Wimbledon. As an unseeded player secof ein absence, na dem draw am against top seed [[Whitney Osuigwe]] insyd de first round. After winning dat match insyd three sets,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Takes Out Top Seed Osuigwe; Roehampton Champions Roll On as First Round of Wimbledon Junior Championships Completed |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007183740/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |archive-date=7 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> na she no drop anoda set during de rest of de tournament wey she win de championship for ein only junior major singles title. She defeat [[Leonie Küng]] insyd de final.<ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Claims Wimbledon Girls Title; McNally and Osuigwe Meet Royalty, Advance to Girls Doubles Final for Second Straight Year |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 July 2018 |title=Swiatek ready for 'next step' after junior Wimbledon win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130181204/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |archive-date=30 November 2024 |accessdate=24 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek then team up plus de Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to compete insyd de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. Dem reach de final wey dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato. She then fini ein junior career.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2020 |title=Swiatek Did Not Appear by Magic, But Is Rooted in the ITF Pathway |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070348/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=International Tennis Federation}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == National representation == === Junior competitions === [[File:Kaja_Juvan_and_Iga_Swiatek_02.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek ''(left)'' den [[Kaja Juvan]], de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics gold medallists insyd girls' doubles]] Świątek represent Poland at de ITF World Junior Tennis Finals for 14-and-under girls twice insyd 2014 den 2015. She win all of ein matches insyd 2014 to lead Poland to a ninth-place finish out of 16 teams. De following year, she help Poland go undefeated insyd de round-robin stage to reach de semi-finals.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek move up to de 16-and-under Junior Fed Cup insyd 2016, wer she play alongside [[Maja Chwalińska]] den Stefania Rogozińska-Dzik. Poland win de title, defeating de United States 2–1 insyd de final. Świątek win both of ein rubbers insyd de final tie, defeating [[Amanda Anisimova]] insyd singles before partnering plus Chwalińska to defeat [[Caty McNally]] den [[Claire Liu]] insyd de decisive doubles rubber.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=2 October 2016 |title=US Girls Fall to Poland in Junior Fed Cup Final, Russia Claims Junior Davis Cup; Collins, Coopersmith Win USTA Pro Circuit Titles |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008081359/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Na de last event of Świątek ein junior career be de 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games. Although she loose insyd de quarterfinals insyd singles to [[Clara Burel]],<ref>{{cite web |date=12 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: "I always dreamed of the Olympics! |url=https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029003926/https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Olympics}}</ref> she partner plus Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to win de gold medal insyd doubles. Insyd de final dem defeat Naito den Sato, weu na dem sanso be Świątek ein opponents insyd de French Open doubles final earlier insyd de year.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 October 2018 |title=Gold for Poland at Youth Olympics |url=http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008061401/http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=Radio Poland}}</ref> === Billie Jean King Cup === Świątek make ein senior Billie Jean King Cup debut insyd 2018 wen na Poland dey insyd Europe/Africa Zone Group I. To advance out of dis group, Poland need to win dema round-robin group, a play-off tie against one of de oda round-robin group winners, den then anoda play-off tie as part of de separate World Group II Play-off round. Na dem no win dema round-robin group insyd 2018 anaa 2019. Świątek win ein only singles match insyd 2018. While she win only one of ein three singles matches insyd 2019, she win both of ein doubles rubbers while partnering plus [[Alicja Rosolska]]. De following year, na de format be changed so say Poland need to finish insyd only de top two out of three teams insyd dema round-robin group to reach de promotional play-off. Nonetheless, dem win dema group wey dem defeat Sweden 2–0 insyd de play-off to advance to de separate Play-off round. Świątek win all three of ein singles matches insyd de 2020 Europe/Africa Zone Group I round,<ref name="bjk-cup" /> before skipping de Play-offs demaselves.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fink |first=Nikolaus |date=18 March 2021 |title=Iga Swiatek – Yes to the Olympics, No to the Billie Jean King Cup |url=https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165039/https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=Tennisnet}}</ref> Na de following edition insyd 2022 get Poland facing Romania insyd de qualifying round, wey Świątek win ein two games to help de team move on to de Finals.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 April 2022 |title=Swiatek steers Poland into Billie Jean King Cup finals; Czechs outlast Brits |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165037/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> However, na she no attend de finals secof de decisive round started very soon after de 2022 WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|title=Iga Swiatek out of Billie Jean King Cup, saying scheduling is 'not safe'|publisher=Associated Press|date=3 October 2022|access-date=17 November 2022|archive-date=17 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165038/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|url-status=live}}</ref> De rib injury Świątek encounter shortly after exiting de 2023 Indian Wells Open sanso cause am to miss Poland ein 2023 Billie Jean King cup qualifier against Kazakhstan insyd Astana.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 March 2023 |title=Defending champion Swiatek withdraws from Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322145829/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |archive-date=22 March 2023 |access-date=22 March 2023}}</ref> Overall, Świątek get a 9–3 record at de Fed Cup, wey dey comprise 7–2 insyd singles den 2–1 insyd doubles.<ref name="bjk-cup">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Poland |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511092308/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Billie Jean King Cup}}</ref> Insyd 2024, Świątek participate insyd a match against Switzerland winning two matches insyd singles den dey contribute to Poland ein 4–0 win, wich secure de country ein place insyd November ein Finals insyd Seville for a third consecutive year.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Kate |date=13 April 2024 |title=Switzerland 0–4 Poland: Swiatek seals deal to send Poles into Finals |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416211410/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |archive-date=16 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=billiejeankingcup.com}}</ref> Świątek help Poland reach de semifinals of de 2024 BJK Cup plus wins insyd singles den insyd doubles partnering compatriot [[Katarzyna Kawa]] over Czechia.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek leads Poland to first BJK Cup semifinal with singles and doubles wins over Czech team |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-leads-poland-first-bjk-cup-semifinal-singles-doubles-wins-czech-team}}</ref> Na e be de first semifinals insyd de BJK Cup Finals insyd dema nation ein history.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Swiatek wins in singles and doubles as Poland moves into BJK Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241117012027/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |archive-date=17 November 2024 |access-date=17 November 2024}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Aryna Sabalenka === Świątek den [[Aryna Sabalenka]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Aryna Sabalenka vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as having a potential to be counted among those wey shape de history of tennis.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Dema most laud match be de 2024 Madrid Open final insyd wich Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets after 3 hours den 11 minutes, sanso dey save three championship points insyd de process.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go end Świątek ein 26-match winning streak at de French Open by defeating am insyd de 2025 French Open semifinal 7–6(1), 4–6, 6–0.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Świątek den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 16 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 11–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Coco Gauff vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/326408 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema last four matches, three of wich be de 2024 WTA Finals, 2025 United Cup final, den again at de 2026 United Cup semifinal wey Gauff win.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2025 |title=Stars and stripes reign in Sydney as Gauff and Fritz clinch United Cup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114122427/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |archive-date=14 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-10 |title=Gauff bests Swiatek as United States vs. Poland semifinal heads to mixed doubles |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431917/coco-gauff-bests-iga-swiatek-as-united-states-vs-poland-united-cup-semifinal-heads-to-mixed-doubles |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dem play each oda three times at majors, plus all of dese matches wey Świątek win insyd straight sets: 2022 French Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2022 |title=How Iga Swiatek won the 2022 French Open – and why she could dominate for the foreseeable future |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133906/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> 2023 French Open quarterfinal,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek continues success vs. Coco Gauff, into French semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37811652/iga-swiatek-continues-success-vs-coco-gauff-french-semis |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> den 2024 French Open semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek overwhelms Coco Gauff to reach French Open final |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930122150/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> === Elena Rybakina === Świątek develop a prominent rivalry plus [[Elena Rybakina]]. De two meet 14 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–6 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Rybakina lead earlier insyd dema careers before Świątek begin to pull ahead. Swiatek defeat Rybakina to win win seventh WTA 1000 title at de 2024 Qatar TotalEnergies Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina cam back from a set down to snap a 4-match losing streak insyd 2025 WTA Finals insyd Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina san go defeat am at de 2026 Australian Open quarterfinals insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> === Jeļena Ostapenko === As of June 2025, [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] dey lead Iga Świątek 6–0 insyd dema head-to-head, wey dey make am de only active player to have an undefeated record against Świątek across multiple matches. Dema encounters span all surfaces, wey Ostapenko dey claim key wins at de 2023 US Open den de 2025 Stuttgart Open. Ein aggressive, na high-risk style consistently unsettle Świątek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=Why Can't Iga Swiatek Beat Jelena Ostapenko? |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/04/22/why-cant-iga-swiatek-beat-jelena-ostapenko/}}</ref> == Playing style == [[File:Swiatek_backhand_2023_US_Open.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a backhand at de 2023 US Open]] Świątek get an aggressive, all-court style of play den dey incorporate a lot of variety into ein game. Secof ein game style be focused on offence, she typically dey generate high amounts of both winners den unforced errors.<ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="all-court">{{cite web |last1=Chiesa |first1=Victoria |date=19 August 2020 |title=Next Up: Opportunity knocks for Iga Swiatek at 2020 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200830062949/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |archive-date=30 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=US Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Abid |first1=Musab |date=27 January 2020 |title=Australian Open 2020: Poland's Iga Swiatek shows off her full potential as she goes down swinging to Anett Kontaveit |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008152938/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=First Post}}</ref> She describe ein style of play on clay as "a big serve, topspin, den backhand down de line".<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Despite ein aggressive style of play, she dey play plus margin, den dey construct points carefully til she dey create an opportunity to hit a winner, den insyd all seven of ein matches she play at de 2020 French Open, she hit more winners dan unforced errors. In total at de French Open dat year, she hit 175 winners to 127 unforced errors. Na de basis of Świątek ein game be described by tennis journalist [[Christopher Clarey]] for ''The New York Times'' as: ein sliding ability, wey dey allow am to defend from de corners ''à la'' [[Kim Clijsters]] den [[Novak Djokovic]], a "sprinter's speed" wen moving forward to de net, power den topspin akin to ein idol [[Rafael Nadal]], den mental strength forge thru sports psychology.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|title=Iga Swiatek, U.S. Open Winner, is Ready for Global Stardom|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=11 September 2022|access-date=11 September 2022|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911003108/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|url-status=live|last1=Clarey|first1=Christopher}}</ref> Ein forehand den backhand be fast den powerful, wey ein forehand be hit plus significant topspin secof she dey employ an extreme western grip; on ein run to de title at de French Open insyd 2020, na Świątek ein average forehand speed be {{convert|73|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, only 4&nbsp;km/h below dat of de average male forehand speed. She even hit sam forehands up to {{convert|79|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw wey she be exceeded only by [[Jannik Sinner]] on de men's side. Ein forehand topspin reach 3,453 rpm at de French Open, comparable plus ein idol Rafael Nadal.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: Her topspin, a new high for women's tennis |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027020008/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |archive-date=27 October 2020 |access-date=5 December 2020 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> Świątek ein backhand speed peak at {{convert|76|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} at de French Open, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw, den equal to [[Dominic Thiem]] ein backhand speed, de fastest of any male player at de French Open.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mitchell |first1=Kevin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Simona Halep dumped out of French Open by Polish teenager Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207064659/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=7 December 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref name="WTA May 19, 2022">{{Cite web |title=WTA May 19, 2022 Inside the rise of Iga Swiatek: Blistering forehands and unmatched aggression |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230114113353/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |archive-date=14 January 2023 |access-date=14 January 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Considering ein dominance on clay, Świątek often be called de "Queen of Clay".<ref>{{cite web |date=23 May 2024 |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/queen-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-paris-2024-05-23/ |accessdate=29 May 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek annointed as the Queen of Clay at Roland-Garros |url=https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203724/https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |archive-date=25 July 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=National Bank Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530025450/https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |archive-date=30 May 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=SuperSport}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to cam to de net, wey she get good volleying skills secof ein doubles experience.<ref name="bounce">{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=4 October 2020 |title=Fresh Energy > Star Power: Iga Swiatek's and Martina Trevisan's Upsets |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022184203/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Świątek dey possess an accurate first serve, wey dey peak at {{convert|123|mph|km/h|abbr=on}},<ref>{{cite web |title=Infosys Match Centre, Roland Garros, 2024 |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606191535/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024}}</ref> den dey average at {{convert|108|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, wey dey allow am to serve aces, dictate play from de first stroke, den win a majority of first-serve points. She dey possess an effective kick serve, den an effective slice serve, wich be deployed as second serves, preventing opponents from scoring free points. Insyd earlier years of ein career, she regularly use de drop shot, wey she win de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year plus a cross-court drop shot from de baseline wey land on de sideline well insyd de service box.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Top-seeded Halep stunned by Swiatek, Nadal moves on |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008045258/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Xinhua Net}}</ref> Since de beginning of ein collaboration plus Tomasz Wiktorowski, she simplify ein game den currently very rarely dey employ dis shot.<ref>{{cite web |title=Navratilova's tips: How Swiatek, Sabalenka and Gauff can elevate their game |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303233920/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |archive-date=3 March 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to gain de advantage insyd a point by hitting de ball early on de rise.<ref name="bounce" /> Further strengths dey include ein exceptional speed, movement, den court coverage, detailed den intricate footwork, den intelligent point construction. Ein favourite surface be clay, having grown up playing on dat surface, although she get success on all surfaces.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McLean |first1=Ross |date=26 June 2019 |title=Swiatek: Winning Wimbledon Changed Everything |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031200935/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Ein clay court success be enhanced by ein ability to slide on de surface; as ein career progress, she sanso develop de ability to slide on hard den grass courts, too. [[File:Iga_Swiatek_serving_in_2023.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek about to serve]] === Bagels den Breadsticks === Over Świątek ein WTA career up til May 2024 an average of 40.6 percent of ein matches be included either a 6–0 (bagel) set anaa a 6–1 (breadstick) set. As a result, chaw start to use de term "Iga's Bakery" to describe dis.<ref name="Eccleshare">{{cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=24 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's (tennis) bagels: How the WTA world No 1 bakes her 6–0 sets |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526005341/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |archive-date=26 May 2024 |accessdate=26 May 2024 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> During de 2023 season she win a bagel set insyd 29 percent of ein matches dem compare plus an average of 11.4 per cent of matches for matches insyd wich na she no dey play.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> Ein closest bagel rivals be Coco Gauff den Jessica Pegula, both of whom score eight insyd 2023.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> As of July 2025, she dispense de rarer double bagel nine times insyd ein WTA career, three of wich cam during major tournaments (wich be against Xinyu Wang insyd de 2023 French Open, against [[Anastasia Potapova]] insyd de 2024 French Open, den against Amanda Anisimova insyd de 2025 Wimbledon final).<ref>{{cite web |last=Sutelan |first=Edward |date=7 June 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek bakery, explained: How tennis star's 'bagel & breadstick' dominance has led to meme |url=https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527050500/https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |archive-date=27 May 2024 |accessdate=27 May 2024 |website=Sporting News}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Aryna Sabalenka === Świątek den [[Aryna Sabalenka]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Aryna Sabalenka vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as having a potential to be counted among those wey shape de history of tennis.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Dema most laud match be de 2024 Madrid Open final insyd wich Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets after 3 hours den 11 minutes, sanso dey save three championship points insyd de process.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go end Świątek ein 26-match winning streak at de French Open by defeating am insyd de 2025 French Open semifinal 7–6(1), 4–6, 6–0.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Świątek den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 16 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 11–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Coco Gauff vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/326408 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema last four matches, three of wich be de 2024 WTA Finals, 2025 United Cup final, den again at de 2026 United Cup semifinal wey Gauff win.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2025 |title=Stars and stripes reign in Sydney as Gauff and Fritz clinch United Cup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114122427/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |archive-date=14 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-10 |title=Gauff bests Swiatek as United States vs. Poland semifinal heads to mixed doubles |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431917/coco-gauff-bests-iga-swiatek-as-united-states-vs-poland-united-cup-semifinal-heads-to-mixed-doubles |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dem play each oda three times at majors, plus all of dese matches wey Świątek win insyd straight sets: 2022 French Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2022 |title=How Iga Swiatek won the 2022 French Open – and why she could dominate for the foreseeable future |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133906/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> 2023 French Open quarterfinal,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek continues success vs. Coco Gauff, into French semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37811652/iga-swiatek-continues-success-vs-coco-gauff-french-semis |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> den 2024 French Open semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek overwhelms Coco Gauff to reach French Open final |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930122150/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> === Elena Rybakina === Świątek develop a prominent rivalry plus [[Elena Rybakina]]. De two meet 14 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–6 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Rybakina lead earlier insyd dema careers before Świątek begin to pull ahead. Swiatek defeat Rybakina to win win seventh WTA 1000 title at de 2024 Qatar TotalEnergies Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina cam back from a set down to snap a 4-match losing streak insyd 2025 WTA Finals insyd Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina san go defeat am at de 2026 Australian Open quarterfinals insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> === Jeļena Ostapenko === As of June 2025, [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] dey lead Iga Świątek 6–0 insyd dema head-to-head, wey dey make am de only active player to have an undefeated record against Świątek across multiple matches. Dema encounters span all surfaces, wey Ostapenko dey claim key wins at de 2023 US Open den de 2025 Stuttgart Open. Ein aggressive, na high-risk style consistently unsettle Świątek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=Why Can't Iga Swiatek Beat Jelena Ostapenko? |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/04/22/why-cant-iga-swiatek-beat-jelena-ostapenko/}}</ref> caclyebpuf3qwvym2xrwsqe1iqsy28w 112298 112297 2026-09-24T16:14:19Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "Coaching team" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375997088|Iga Świątek]]" 112298 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iga Natalia Świątek''' (born 31 May 2001) be a Polish professional tennis player. Dem currently rank am world No. 9 insyd women's singles by de WTA, she hold de world No. 1 ranking for a total of 125 weeks, seventh-most of all-time. Świątek win 26 WTA Tour–level singles titles, wey dey include six major titles: four at de French Open, one at Wimbledon, den one at de US Open. She sanso win de 2023 WTA Finals den twelve WTA 1000 events. Świątek be de first Pole to win a major singles title. As a junior, na Świątek be de 2018 French Open girls' doubles champion alongside [[Caty McNally]] den de 2018 Wimbledon girls' singles champion. She begin dey play regularly on de WTA Tour insyd 2019, wey sje enter de top 50 at 18 years old after ein first Tour final den a fourth-round appearance at de 2019 French Open. Insyd 2020, Świątek win ein first major at de French Open insyd dominant fashion, losing no more dan five games insyd any singles match. She enter de top ten of de WTA rankings for de first time insyd May 2021. Insyd early 2022, Świątek surge into dominance plus a 37-match winning streak, de longest on de WTA Tour insyd de 21st century, becoming world No. 1 insyd de process. Plus major titles at de French den US Opens, she fini 2022 as de world ein best player. She repeat de year-end No. 1 feat insyd 2023 by defending ein French Open title wey she claim de WTA Finals, wey she win de French Open for a third straight edition insyd 2024. Świątek win ein first grass court title at de 2025 Wimbledon Championships. She claim de French Open title at four of ein eight appearances at de tournament, she never loose a match before de fourth round. Insyd 2025 na dem suspend Świątek for one month for a drug found insyd contaminated sleep medication. Świątek get an all-court playing style. She win de WTA Fan Favorite Shot of the Year insyd 2019 plus a drop shot from de baseline, wey na dem vote am WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year insyd 2020. Insyd 2023, na dem name am ''L'Équipe'' Champion of Champions den Polish Sports Personality of de Year wey dem include am on ''Time'' ein annual list of de 100 most influential people insyd de world. == Early life den background == Dem born Świątek on 31 May 2001 insyd Warsaw to Dorota den [[Tomasz Świątek]]. Ein poppie be a former rower wey compete insyd de men's quadruple sculls event at de 1988 Seoul Olympics,<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref> while ein mother be an orthodontist. She get a sisto, Agata, wey be about three years older wey be a dentist.<ref name="parents">{{cite web |date=10 October 2020 |title=Iga Świątek Matka Ojciec: Kim są rodzice Igi Świątek? Ojciec i matka Igi Świątek |trans-title=Iga Świątek Mother Father: Who are Iga Świątek's parents? Father and mother of Iga Świątek |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013200927/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |archive-date=13 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=[[Super Express (newspaper)|Super Express]] |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem poppie wan ein daughters to become competitive athletes wey he prefer dem take up an individual sport rada dan a team sport to have better control of dema chances of success. Agata start out as a swimmer buh she switch to tennis. She briefly compete on de ITF Junior Circuit insyd 2013 at about 15 years old, buh na she stop dey play secof injuries.<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="father-interview">{{cite web |last1=Chojecki |first1=Michał |date=21 July 2018 |title=Tomasz Świątek, ojciec mistrzyni juniorskiego Wimbledonu: Iga sama dobrze wie, czego chce |trans-title=Tomasz Świątek, father of the Wimbledon junior champion: Iga knows exactly what she wants |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008140827/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Super Express |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="agata">{{cite web |title=Agata Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010155634/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek follow ein sisto into tennis secof na she wan to beat am den sanso secof na she wan to be more like am. Świątek train at Mera Warsaw as a 14-year-old before later she move go Legia Warsaw.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |last1=Ciastoń |first1=Jakub |date=26 August 2015 |title=Najmłodsza, najlepsza, Iga! 14-latka z Raszyna ograła na kortach Legii starsze od siebie tenisistki |trans-title=The youngest, the best, Iga! The 14-year-old from Raszyn outplayed the older tennis players on the Legia courts |url=https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811151514/https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |archive-date=11 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Sport.pl |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref> == Junior years == [[File:Iga_Swiatek_–_Wimbledon_junior_champion_2018_(50497948673)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Świątek plus de 2018 Wimbledon junior champion's trophy]] Świątek reach a career-high ranking of No. 5 as a junior player. She begin dey compete insyd ITF Junior Circuit events insyd 2015 wey she win back-to-back low-level Grade 4 titles insyd April den May at age 13. Before de end of de year, she move up to Grade 2 events wey she fini runner-up insyd both singles den doubles at de Czech Junior Open. Świątek make ein junior Grand Slam tournament debut insyd 2016 at de French Open, reaching de quarterfinals insyd both singles den doubles. She follow dis up plus ein best junior title to date at de Grade 1 Canadian Open Junior Championships, defeating [[Olga Danilović]] insyd de final.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Na Świątek get a strong first half of 2017. She win both de singles den doubles titles at de Grade 1 Traralgon Junior International. Although she loose ein opening round match at de Australian Open, she partner plus compatriot [[Maja Chwalińska]] to make ein first final insyd a major tournament, finishing runner-up insyd doubles to de North American team of [[Bianca Andreescu]] den [[Carson Branstine]].<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She then reach ein first Grade A singles final at de Trofeo Bonfiglio, losing to [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=28 May 2017 |title=Popyrin e Rybakina vincono il Trofeo Bonfiglio 2017 |trans-title=Popyrin and Rybakina win the Bonfiglio Trophy 2017 |url=https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216231303/https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |archive-date=16 December 2021 |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=Spazio Tennis |language=it}}</ref> Ein season cam to an end after anoda quarterfinal at de French Open,<ref name="itf-junior-singles" /><ref name="itf-junior-doubles" /> after wich na she get right ankle surgery wey keep am out for seven months.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Attar |first1=Jabbar |title=Iga Swiatek Beats Elena Rybakina في مجموعات متتالية للوصول إلى ربع النهائي في الدوحة |url=https://albait.me/2025/02/13/%d9%82%d8%b7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad-iga-swiatek-beats-elena-rybakina-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9/ |access-date=13 February 2025 |website=مجلة البيت}}</ref> Despite competing insyd only two Grand Slam tournaments insyd 2018 den three singles events in total, Świątek fini ein junior career plus ein best season.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She return to de junior tour at de French Open after a one-year absence wey she reach de semi-finals insyd singles, losing to [[Caty McNally]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=8 June 2020 |title=My Article on Amber O'Dell's Commitment to Virginia; McNally and Gauff to Play for French Open Girls Titles; Three Americans Advance to Bethany Beach $25K Semifinals |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> She fare better insyd doubles, dey partner plus McNally to win ein first junior major title. Dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato insyd de final.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Świątek play only singles at Wimbledon. As an unseeded player secof ein absence, na dem draw am against top seed [[Whitney Osuigwe]] insyd de first round. After winning dat match insyd three sets,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Takes Out Top Seed Osuigwe; Roehampton Champions Roll On as First Round of Wimbledon Junior Championships Completed |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007183740/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |archive-date=7 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> na she no drop anoda set during de rest of de tournament wey she win de championship for ein only junior major singles title. She defeat [[Leonie Küng]] insyd de final.<ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Claims Wimbledon Girls Title; McNally and Osuigwe Meet Royalty, Advance to Girls Doubles Final for Second Straight Year |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 July 2018 |title=Swiatek ready for 'next step' after junior Wimbledon win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130181204/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |archive-date=30 November 2024 |accessdate=24 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek then team up plus de Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to compete insyd de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. Dem reach de final wey dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato. She then fini ein junior career.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2020 |title=Swiatek Did Not Appear by Magic, But Is Rooted in the ITF Pathway |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070348/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=International Tennis Federation}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == National representation == === Junior competitions === [[File:Kaja_Juvan_and_Iga_Swiatek_02.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek ''(left)'' den [[Kaja Juvan]], de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics gold medallists insyd girls' doubles]] Świątek represent Poland at de ITF World Junior Tennis Finals for 14-and-under girls twice insyd 2014 den 2015. She win all of ein matches insyd 2014 to lead Poland to a ninth-place finish out of 16 teams. De following year, she help Poland go undefeated insyd de round-robin stage to reach de semi-finals.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek move up to de 16-and-under Junior Fed Cup insyd 2016, wer she play alongside [[Maja Chwalińska]] den Stefania Rogozińska-Dzik. Poland win de title, defeating de United States 2–1 insyd de final. Świątek win both of ein rubbers insyd de final tie, defeating [[Amanda Anisimova]] insyd singles before partnering plus Chwalińska to defeat [[Caty McNally]] den [[Claire Liu]] insyd de decisive doubles rubber.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=2 October 2016 |title=US Girls Fall to Poland in Junior Fed Cup Final, Russia Claims Junior Davis Cup; Collins, Coopersmith Win USTA Pro Circuit Titles |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008081359/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Na de last event of Świątek ein junior career be de 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games. Although she loose insyd de quarterfinals insyd singles to [[Clara Burel]],<ref>{{cite web |date=12 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: "I always dreamed of the Olympics! |url=https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029003926/https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Olympics}}</ref> she partner plus Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to win de gold medal insyd doubles. Insyd de final dem defeat Naito den Sato, weu na dem sanso be Świątek ein opponents insyd de French Open doubles final earlier insyd de year.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 October 2018 |title=Gold for Poland at Youth Olympics |url=http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008061401/http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=Radio Poland}}</ref> === Billie Jean King Cup === Świątek make ein senior Billie Jean King Cup debut insyd 2018 wen na Poland dey insyd Europe/Africa Zone Group I. To advance out of dis group, Poland need to win dema round-robin group, a play-off tie against one of de oda round-robin group winners, den then anoda play-off tie as part of de separate World Group II Play-off round. Na dem no win dema round-robin group insyd 2018 anaa 2019. Świątek win ein only singles match insyd 2018. While she win only one of ein three singles matches insyd 2019, she win both of ein doubles rubbers while partnering plus [[Alicja Rosolska]]. De following year, na de format be changed so say Poland need to finish insyd only de top two out of three teams insyd dema round-robin group to reach de promotional play-off. Nonetheless, dem win dema group wey dem defeat Sweden 2–0 insyd de play-off to advance to de separate Play-off round. Świątek win all three of ein singles matches insyd de 2020 Europe/Africa Zone Group I round,<ref name="bjk-cup" /> before skipping de Play-offs demaselves.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fink |first=Nikolaus |date=18 March 2021 |title=Iga Swiatek – Yes to the Olympics, No to the Billie Jean King Cup |url=https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165039/https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=Tennisnet}}</ref> Na de following edition insyd 2022 get Poland facing Romania insyd de qualifying round, wey Świątek win ein two games to help de team move on to de Finals.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 April 2022 |title=Swiatek steers Poland into Billie Jean King Cup finals; Czechs outlast Brits |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165037/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> However, na she no attend de finals secof de decisive round started very soon after de 2022 WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|title=Iga Swiatek out of Billie Jean King Cup, saying scheduling is 'not safe'|publisher=Associated Press|date=3 October 2022|access-date=17 November 2022|archive-date=17 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165038/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|url-status=live}}</ref> De rib injury Świątek encounter shortly after exiting de 2023 Indian Wells Open sanso cause am to miss Poland ein 2023 Billie Jean King cup qualifier against Kazakhstan insyd Astana.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 March 2023 |title=Defending champion Swiatek withdraws from Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322145829/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |archive-date=22 March 2023 |access-date=22 March 2023}}</ref> Overall, Świątek get a 9–3 record at de Fed Cup, wey dey comprise 7–2 insyd singles den 2–1 insyd doubles.<ref name="bjk-cup">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Poland |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511092308/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Billie Jean King Cup}}</ref> Insyd 2024, Świątek participate insyd a match against Switzerland winning two matches insyd singles den dey contribute to Poland ein 4–0 win, wich secure de country ein place insyd November ein Finals insyd Seville for a third consecutive year.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Kate |date=13 April 2024 |title=Switzerland 0–4 Poland: Swiatek seals deal to send Poles into Finals |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416211410/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |archive-date=16 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=billiejeankingcup.com}}</ref> Świątek help Poland reach de semifinals of de 2024 BJK Cup plus wins insyd singles den insyd doubles partnering compatriot [[Katarzyna Kawa]] over Czechia.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek leads Poland to first BJK Cup semifinal with singles and doubles wins over Czech team |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-leads-poland-first-bjk-cup-semifinal-singles-doubles-wins-czech-team}}</ref> Na e be de first semifinals insyd de BJK Cup Finals insyd dema nation ein history.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Swiatek wins in singles and doubles as Poland moves into BJK Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241117012027/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |archive-date=17 November 2024 |access-date=17 November 2024}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Aryna Sabalenka === Świątek den [[Aryna Sabalenka]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Aryna Sabalenka vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as having a potential to be counted among those wey shape de history of tennis.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Dema most laud match be de 2024 Madrid Open final insyd wich Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets after 3 hours den 11 minutes, sanso dey save three championship points insyd de process.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go end Świątek ein 26-match winning streak at de French Open by defeating am insyd de 2025 French Open semifinal 7–6(1), 4–6, 6–0.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Świątek den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 16 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 11–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Coco Gauff vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/326408 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema last four matches, three of wich be de 2024 WTA Finals, 2025 United Cup final, den again at de 2026 United Cup semifinal wey Gauff win.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2025 |title=Stars and stripes reign in Sydney as Gauff and Fritz clinch United Cup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114122427/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |archive-date=14 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-10 |title=Gauff bests Swiatek as United States vs. Poland semifinal heads to mixed doubles |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431917/coco-gauff-bests-iga-swiatek-as-united-states-vs-poland-united-cup-semifinal-heads-to-mixed-doubles |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dem play each oda three times at majors, plus all of dese matches wey Świątek win insyd straight sets: 2022 French Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2022 |title=How Iga Swiatek won the 2022 French Open – and why she could dominate for the foreseeable future |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133906/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> 2023 French Open quarterfinal,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek continues success vs. Coco Gauff, into French semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37811652/iga-swiatek-continues-success-vs-coco-gauff-french-semis |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> den 2024 French Open semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek overwhelms Coco Gauff to reach French Open final |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930122150/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> === Elena Rybakina === Świątek develop a prominent rivalry plus [[Elena Rybakina]]. De two meet 14 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–6 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Rybakina lead earlier insyd dema careers before Świątek begin to pull ahead. Swiatek defeat Rybakina to win win seventh WTA 1000 title at de 2024 Qatar TotalEnergies Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina cam back from a set down to snap a 4-match losing streak insyd 2025 WTA Finals insyd Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina san go defeat am at de 2026 Australian Open quarterfinals insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> === Jeļena Ostapenko === As of June 2025, [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] dey lead Iga Świątek 6–0 insyd dema head-to-head, wey dey make am de only active player to have an undefeated record against Świątek across multiple matches. Dema encounters span all surfaces, wey Ostapenko dey claim key wins at de 2023 US Open den de 2025 Stuttgart Open. Ein aggressive, na high-risk style consistently unsettle Świątek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=Why Can't Iga Swiatek Beat Jelena Ostapenko? |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/04/22/why-cant-iga-swiatek-beat-jelena-ostapenko/}}</ref> == Playing style == [[File:Swiatek_backhand_2023_US_Open.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a backhand at de 2023 US Open]] Świątek get an aggressive, all-court style of play den dey incorporate a lot of variety into ein game. Secof ein game style be focused on offence, she typically dey generate high amounts of both winners den unforced errors.<ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="all-court">{{cite web |last1=Chiesa |first1=Victoria |date=19 August 2020 |title=Next Up: Opportunity knocks for Iga Swiatek at 2020 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200830062949/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |archive-date=30 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=US Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Abid |first1=Musab |date=27 January 2020 |title=Australian Open 2020: Poland's Iga Swiatek shows off her full potential as she goes down swinging to Anett Kontaveit |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008152938/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=First Post}}</ref> She describe ein style of play on clay as "a big serve, topspin, den backhand down de line".<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Despite ein aggressive style of play, she dey play plus margin, den dey construct points carefully til she dey create an opportunity to hit a winner, den insyd all seven of ein matches she play at de 2020 French Open, she hit more winners dan unforced errors. In total at de French Open dat year, she hit 175 winners to 127 unforced errors. Na de basis of Świątek ein game be described by tennis journalist [[Christopher Clarey]] for ''The New York Times'' as: ein sliding ability, wey dey allow am to defend from de corners ''à la'' [[Kim Clijsters]] den [[Novak Djokovic]], a "sprinter's speed" wen moving forward to de net, power den topspin akin to ein idol [[Rafael Nadal]], den mental strength forge thru sports psychology.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|title=Iga Swiatek, U.S. Open Winner, is Ready for Global Stardom|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=11 September 2022|access-date=11 September 2022|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911003108/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|url-status=live|last1=Clarey|first1=Christopher}}</ref> Ein forehand den backhand be fast den powerful, wey ein forehand be hit plus significant topspin secof she dey employ an extreme western grip; on ein run to de title at de French Open insyd 2020, na Świątek ein average forehand speed be {{convert|73|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, only 4&nbsp;km/h below dat of de average male forehand speed. She even hit sam forehands up to {{convert|79|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw wey she be exceeded only by [[Jannik Sinner]] on de men's side. Ein forehand topspin reach 3,453 rpm at de French Open, comparable plus ein idol Rafael Nadal.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: Her topspin, a new high for women's tennis |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027020008/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |archive-date=27 October 2020 |access-date=5 December 2020 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> Świątek ein backhand speed peak at {{convert|76|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} at de French Open, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw, den equal to [[Dominic Thiem]] ein backhand speed, de fastest of any male player at de French Open.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mitchell |first1=Kevin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Simona Halep dumped out of French Open by Polish teenager Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207064659/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=7 December 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref name="WTA May 19, 2022">{{Cite web |title=WTA May 19, 2022 Inside the rise of Iga Swiatek: Blistering forehands and unmatched aggression |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230114113353/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |archive-date=14 January 2023 |access-date=14 January 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Considering ein dominance on clay, Świątek often be called de "Queen of Clay".<ref>{{cite web |date=23 May 2024 |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/queen-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-paris-2024-05-23/ |accessdate=29 May 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek annointed as the Queen of Clay at Roland-Garros |url=https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203724/https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |archive-date=25 July 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=National Bank Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530025450/https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |archive-date=30 May 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=SuperSport}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to cam to de net, wey she get good volleying skills secof ein doubles experience.<ref name="bounce">{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=4 October 2020 |title=Fresh Energy > Star Power: Iga Swiatek's and Martina Trevisan's Upsets |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022184203/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Świątek dey possess an accurate first serve, wey dey peak at {{convert|123|mph|km/h|abbr=on}},<ref>{{cite web |title=Infosys Match Centre, Roland Garros, 2024 |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606191535/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024}}</ref> den dey average at {{convert|108|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, wey dey allow am to serve aces, dictate play from de first stroke, den win a majority of first-serve points. She dey possess an effective kick serve, den an effective slice serve, wich be deployed as second serves, preventing opponents from scoring free points. Insyd earlier years of ein career, she regularly use de drop shot, wey she win de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year plus a cross-court drop shot from de baseline wey land on de sideline well insyd de service box.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Top-seeded Halep stunned by Swiatek, Nadal moves on |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008045258/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Xinhua Net}}</ref> Since de beginning of ein collaboration plus Tomasz Wiktorowski, she simplify ein game den currently very rarely dey employ dis shot.<ref>{{cite web |title=Navratilova's tips: How Swiatek, Sabalenka and Gauff can elevate their game |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303233920/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |archive-date=3 March 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to gain de advantage insyd a point by hitting de ball early on de rise.<ref name="bounce" /> Further strengths dey include ein exceptional speed, movement, den court coverage, detailed den intricate footwork, den intelligent point construction. Ein favourite surface be clay, having grown up playing on dat surface, although she get success on all surfaces.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McLean |first1=Ross |date=26 June 2019 |title=Swiatek: Winning Wimbledon Changed Everything |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031200935/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Ein clay court success be enhanced by ein ability to slide on de surface; as ein career progress, she sanso develop de ability to slide on hard den grass courts, too. [[File:Iga_Swiatek_serving_in_2023.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek about to serve]] === Bagels den Breadsticks === Over Świątek ein WTA career up til May 2024 an average of 40.6 percent of ein matches be included either a 6–0 (bagel) set anaa a 6–1 (breadstick) set. As a result, chaw start to use de term "Iga's Bakery" to describe dis.<ref name="Eccleshare">{{cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=24 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's (tennis) bagels: How the WTA world No 1 bakes her 6–0 sets |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526005341/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |archive-date=26 May 2024 |accessdate=26 May 2024 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> During de 2023 season she win a bagel set insyd 29 percent of ein matches dem compare plus an average of 11.4 per cent of matches for matches insyd wich na she no dey play.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> Ein closest bagel rivals be Coco Gauff den Jessica Pegula, both of whom score eight insyd 2023.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> As of July 2025, she dispense de rarer double bagel nine times insyd ein WTA career, three of wich cam during major tournaments (wich be against Xinyu Wang insyd de 2023 French Open, against [[Anastasia Potapova]] insyd de 2024 French Open, den against Amanda Anisimova insyd de 2025 Wimbledon final).<ref>{{cite web |last=Sutelan |first=Edward |date=7 June 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek bakery, explained: How tennis star's 'bagel & breadstick' dominance has led to meme |url=https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527050500/https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |archive-date=27 May 2024 |accessdate=27 May 2024 |website=Sporting News}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Aryna Sabalenka === Świątek den [[Aryna Sabalenka]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Aryna Sabalenka vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as having a potential to be counted among those wey shape de history of tennis.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Dema most laud match be de 2024 Madrid Open final insyd wich Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets after 3 hours den 11 minutes, sanso dey save three championship points insyd de process.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go end Świątek ein 26-match winning streak at de French Open by defeating am insyd de 2025 French Open semifinal 7–6(1), 4–6, 6–0.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Świątek den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 16 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 11–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Coco Gauff vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/326408 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema last four matches, three of wich be de 2024 WTA Finals, 2025 United Cup final, den again at de 2026 United Cup semifinal wey Gauff win.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2025 |title=Stars and stripes reign in Sydney as Gauff and Fritz clinch United Cup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114122427/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |archive-date=14 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-10 |title=Gauff bests Swiatek as United States vs. Poland semifinal heads to mixed doubles |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431917/coco-gauff-bests-iga-swiatek-as-united-states-vs-poland-united-cup-semifinal-heads-to-mixed-doubles |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dem play each oda three times at majors, plus all of dese matches wey Świątek win insyd straight sets: 2022 French Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2022 |title=How Iga Swiatek won the 2022 French Open – and why she could dominate for the foreseeable future |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133906/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> 2023 French Open quarterfinal,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek continues success vs. Coco Gauff, into French semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37811652/iga-swiatek-continues-success-vs-coco-gauff-french-semis |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> den 2024 French Open semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek overwhelms Coco Gauff to reach French Open final |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930122150/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> === Elena Rybakina === Świątek develop a prominent rivalry plus [[Elena Rybakina]]. De two meet 14 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–6 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Rybakina lead earlier insyd dema careers before Świątek begin to pull ahead. Swiatek defeat Rybakina to win win seventh WTA 1000 title at de 2024 Qatar TotalEnergies Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina cam back from a set down to snap a 4-match losing streak insyd 2025 WTA Finals insyd Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina san go defeat am at de 2026 Australian Open quarterfinals insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> === Jeļena Ostapenko === As of June 2025, [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] dey lead Iga Świątek 6–0 insyd dema head-to-head, wey dey make am de only active player to have an undefeated record against Świątek across multiple matches. Dema encounters span all surfaces, wey Ostapenko dey claim key wins at de 2023 US Open den de 2025 Stuttgart Open. Ein aggressive, na high-risk style consistently unsettle Świątek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=Why Can't Iga Swiatek Beat Jelena Ostapenko? |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/04/22/why-cant-iga-swiatek-beat-jelena-ostapenko/}}</ref> == Coaching team == Świątek ein primary coach insyd ein early junior years be Michał Kaznowski, wey she work plus up to de 2016 French Open.<ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Łuczak |first1=Maciej |date=23 August 2016 |title=Iga Świątek: nie będę drugą Agnieszką Radwańską |trans-title=Iga Świątek: I will not be the second Agnieszka Radwańska |url=https://sport.tvp.pl/26656263/iga-swiatek-nie-bede-druga-agnieszka-radwanska |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010062430/https://sport.tvp.pl/26656263/iga-swiatek-nie-bede-druga-agnieszka-radwanska |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=TVP Sport |language=pl}}</ref> Na Jolanta Rusin-Krzepota be ein physical preparation trainer for almost four years thru de end of de 2019 US Open.<ref>{{cite web |last=Krogulec |first=Michał |date=8 September 2019 |title="To Były Wspaniałe Lata". Iga Swiątek Kończy Współpracę |trans-title="Those Were Great Years." Iga Swiątek Ends The Cooperation |url=https://tenisklub.pl/aktualnosci/to-byly-wspaniale-lata-iga-swiatek-konczy-wspolprace/61988/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124142342/https://tenisklub.pl/aktualnosci/to-byly-wspaniale-lata-iga-swiatek-konczy-wspolprace/61988/ |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tenis Klub |language=pl}}</ref> Na Świątek be coached by Piotr Sierzputowski beginning insyd 2016.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Swiatek bored by practise but 'a beast' on court, says coach |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tennis-frenchopen-swiatek-coach/swiatek-bored-by-practise-but-a-beast-on-court-says-coach-idUSKBN26P0OP |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009013102/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tennis-frenchopen-swiatek-coach/swiatek-bored-by-practise-but-a-beast-on-court-says-coach-idUSKBN26P0OP |archive-date=9 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Reuters}}</ref> While Sierzputowski be ein coach, British former professional tennis player den former Polish Davis Cup coach [[Nick Brown (tennis)|Nick Brown]] sanso serve as a main consultant on occasion.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gębicz |first1=Bartosz |date=1 June 2019 |title=Piotr Sierzputowski: Mam Swój Pomysł Na Igę Swiątek |trans-title=Piotr Sierzputowski: I Have My Own Idea For Iga Swiątek |url=https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/roland-garros/piotr-sierzputowski-mam-swoj-pomysl-na-ige-swiatek/8rxqdr8 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608123332/https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/roland-garros/piotr-sierzputowski-mam-swoj-pomysl-na-ige-swiatek/8rxqdr8 |archive-date=8 June 2019 |access-date=7 October 2020 |website=Przeglad Sportowy |language=pl}}</ref> Świątek sanso dey work plus sports psychologist [[Daria Abramowicz]] den fitness trainer/physiologist Maciej Ryszczuk.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rossingh |first1=Danielle |date=3 October 2020 |title=Focused Swiatek is up for Halep challenge |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/focused-iga-swiatek-is-up-for-halep-challenge |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201006080645/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/focused-iga-swiatek-is-up-for-halep-challenge |archive-date=6 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Roland Garros}}</ref><ref name="WTA201005">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=5 October 2020 |title=How Swiatek's sports psychologist honed her mental game |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1856382/how-swiatek-s-sports-psychologist-honed-her-mental-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010173223/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1856382/how-swiatek-s-sports-psychologist-honed-her-mental-game |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="NYT210207">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-sports-psychology.html|title=The Brain Within the Brain of a Rising Tennis Queen|first=Matthew|last=Futterman|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=7 February 2021|access-date=7 February 2021|archive-date=7 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207173428/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-sports-psychology.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Warzecha |first=Sebastian |date=6 June 2022 |title=Poznajcie współtwórcę sukcesów Igi Świątek. Sylwetka Macieja Ryszczuka |trans-title=Meet the co-creator of Iga Świątek's successes ... |url=https://weszlo.com/2022/06/06/maciej-ryszczuk-swiatek-sylwetka |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103002426/https://weszlo.com/2022/06/06/maciej-ryszczuk-swiatek-sylwetka |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=2 January 2023 |work=Weszło |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd December 2021, Świątek announce say na she dey split from Sierzputowski after nearly six years working togeda. She wrep, "''This change is really challenging for me, and this decision wasn't easy, either''". Na Świątek hire Sierzputowski wen na she be 15 den still dey play insyd junior tournaments.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 December 2021 |title=2020 French Open champ Iga Swiatek splits from longtime coach |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/32786717/2020-french-open-champ-iga-swiatek-splits-long-coach |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204214854/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/32786717/2020-french-open-champ-iga-swiatek-splits-long-coach |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=4 December 2021 |website=Espn.com}}</ref> From de end of 2021 til October 2024, she be coached by [[Tomasz Wiktorowski]],<ref name="coach">{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Coach's Corner: No. 1 Iga Swiatek parts ways with coach Tomasz Wiktorowski, withdraws from Wuhan |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/no-1-iga-swiatek-parts-ways-with-coach-tomasz-wiktorowski-after-3-trophy-laden-years-together |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004134157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/no-1-iga-swiatek-parts-ways-with-coach-tomasz-wiktorowski-after-3-trophy-laden-years-together |archive-date=4 October 2024 |access-date=5 October 2024 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> wey sanso previously work plus [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{cite web |date=4 December 2021 |title=Dawid Olejniczak o rozstaniu Igi Świątek z Piotrem Sierzputowskim: Rzadko trener nie jest na pierwszym planie |url=https://www.polsatsport.pl/wiadomosc/2021-12-04/dawid-olejniczak-o-rozstaniu-igi-swiatek-z-piotrem-sierzputowskim-rzadko-trener-nie-jest-na-pierwszym-planie/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204161439/https://www.polsatsport.pl/wiadomosc/2021-12-04/dawid-olejniczak-o-rozstaniu-igi-swiatek-z-piotrem-sierzputowskim-rzadko-trener-nie-jest-na-pierwszym-planie/ |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=3 February 2022 |work=Polsat Sport}}</ref> Insyd October 2024 na e be announced say she part ways plus Wiktorowski,<ref name="coach" /><ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Swiatek splits with coach Wiktorowski |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c9wk7j7q0wro |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004083730/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c9wk7j7q0wro |archive-date=4 October 2024 |accessdate=4 October 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> appointing [[Wim Fissette]] as ein replacement later dat month.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 October 2024 |title=Swiatek appoints Osaka's former coach Fissette |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4g5d725yvgo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113020856/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4g5d725yvgo |archive-date=13 November 2024 |accessdate=17 October 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Insyd an Instagram post on 23 March 2026, days after ein streak of 73 consecutive opening round wins end at de Miami Open, Swiatek announce she den Fissette part ways.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek releases statement on Instagram as she announces split with her coach |url=https://www.thetennisgazette.com/news/iga-swiatek-releases-statement-on-instagram-as-she-announces-split-with-her-coach/ |accessdate=23 March 2026 |publisher=The Tennis Gazette}}</ref> On April 2, 2026, Świątek announce say [[Francisco Roig]], a longtime [[Rafael Nadal]] coach, join ein team.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek hires longtime Nadal coach Francisco Roig, begins reset on clay |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-hires-new-coach-francisco-roig-trains-rafael-nadal-academy-after-miami/ |accessdate=29 May 2026 |publisher=Tennis Channel}}</ref> rnmvhs2udn196bsr6kwy6au4mt8v8ft 112307 112298 2026-09-24T16:30:52Z DaSupremo 9 Created by translating the section "Endorsements" from the page "[[:en:Special:Redirect/revision/1375997088|Iga Świątek]]" 112307 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iga Natalia Świątek''' (born 31 May 2001) be a Polish professional tennis player. Dem currently rank am world No. 9 insyd women's singles by de WTA, she hold de world No. 1 ranking for a total of 125 weeks, seventh-most of all-time. Świątek win 26 WTA Tour–level singles titles, wey dey include six major titles: four at de French Open, one at Wimbledon, den one at de US Open. She sanso win de 2023 WTA Finals den twelve WTA 1000 events. Świątek be de first Pole to win a major singles title. As a junior, na Świątek be de 2018 French Open girls' doubles champion alongside [[Caty McNally]] den de 2018 Wimbledon girls' singles champion. She begin dey play regularly on de WTA Tour insyd 2019, wey sje enter de top 50 at 18 years old after ein first Tour final den a fourth-round appearance at de 2019 French Open. Insyd 2020, Świątek win ein first major at de French Open insyd dominant fashion, losing no more dan five games insyd any singles match. She enter de top ten of de WTA rankings for de first time insyd May 2021. Insyd early 2022, Świątek surge into dominance plus a 37-match winning streak, de longest on de WTA Tour insyd de 21st century, becoming world No. 1 insyd de process. Plus major titles at de French den US Opens, she fini 2022 as de world ein best player. She repeat de year-end No. 1 feat insyd 2023 by defending ein French Open title wey she claim de WTA Finals, wey she win de French Open for a third straight edition insyd 2024. Świątek win ein first grass court title at de 2025 Wimbledon Championships. She claim de French Open title at four of ein eight appearances at de tournament, she never loose a match before de fourth round. Insyd 2025 na dem suspend Świątek for one month for a drug found insyd contaminated sleep medication. Świątek get an all-court playing style. She win de WTA Fan Favorite Shot of the Year insyd 2019 plus a drop shot from de baseline, wey na dem vote am WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year insyd 2020. Insyd 2023, na dem name am ''L'Équipe'' Champion of Champions den Polish Sports Personality of de Year wey dem include am on ''Time'' ein annual list of de 100 most influential people insyd de world. == Early life den background == Dem born Świątek on 31 May 2001 insyd Warsaw to Dorota den [[Tomasz Świątek]]. Ein poppie be a former rower wey compete insyd de men's quadruple sculls event at de 1988 Seoul Olympics,<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref> while ein mother be an orthodontist. She get a sisto, Agata, wey be about three years older wey be a dentist.<ref name="parents">{{cite web |date=10 October 2020 |title=Iga Świątek Matka Ojciec: Kim są rodzice Igi Świątek? Ojciec i matka Igi Świątek |trans-title=Iga Świątek Mother Father: Who are Iga Świątek's parents? Father and mother of Iga Świątek |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013200927/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |archive-date=13 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=[[Super Express (newspaper)|Super Express]] |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem poppie wan ein daughters to become competitive athletes wey he prefer dem take up an individual sport rada dan a team sport to have better control of dema chances of success. Agata start out as a swimmer buh she switch to tennis. She briefly compete on de ITF Junior Circuit insyd 2013 at about 15 years old, buh na she stop dey play secof injuries.<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="father-interview">{{cite web |last1=Chojecki |first1=Michał |date=21 July 2018 |title=Tomasz Świątek, ojciec mistrzyni juniorskiego Wimbledonu: Iga sama dobrze wie, czego chce |trans-title=Tomasz Świątek, father of the Wimbledon junior champion: Iga knows exactly what she wants |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008140827/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Super Express |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="agata">{{cite web |title=Agata Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010155634/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek follow ein sisto into tennis secof na she wan to beat am den sanso secof na she wan to be more like am. Świątek train at Mera Warsaw as a 14-year-old before later she move go Legia Warsaw.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |last1=Ciastoń |first1=Jakub |date=26 August 2015 |title=Najmłodsza, najlepsza, Iga! 14-latka z Raszyna ograła na kortach Legii starsze od siebie tenisistki |trans-title=The youngest, the best, Iga! The 14-year-old from Raszyn outplayed the older tennis players on the Legia courts |url=https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811151514/https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |archive-date=11 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Sport.pl |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref> == Junior years == [[File:Iga_Swiatek_–_Wimbledon_junior_champion_2018_(50497948673)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Świątek plus de 2018 Wimbledon junior champion's trophy]] Świątek reach a career-high ranking of No. 5 as a junior player. She begin dey compete insyd ITF Junior Circuit events insyd 2015 wey she win back-to-back low-level Grade 4 titles insyd April den May at age 13. Before de end of de year, she move up to Grade 2 events wey she fini runner-up insyd both singles den doubles at de Czech Junior Open. Świątek make ein junior Grand Slam tournament debut insyd 2016 at de French Open, reaching de quarterfinals insyd both singles den doubles. She follow dis up plus ein best junior title to date at de Grade 1 Canadian Open Junior Championships, defeating [[Olga Danilović]] insyd de final.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Na Świątek get a strong first half of 2017. She win both de singles den doubles titles at de Grade 1 Traralgon Junior International. Although she loose ein opening round match at de Australian Open, she partner plus compatriot [[Maja Chwalińska]] to make ein first final insyd a major tournament, finishing runner-up insyd doubles to de North American team of [[Bianca Andreescu]] den [[Carson Branstine]].<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She then reach ein first Grade A singles final at de Trofeo Bonfiglio, losing to [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=28 May 2017 |title=Popyrin e Rybakina vincono il Trofeo Bonfiglio 2017 |trans-title=Popyrin and Rybakina win the Bonfiglio Trophy 2017 |url=https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216231303/https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |archive-date=16 December 2021 |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=Spazio Tennis |language=it}}</ref> Ein season cam to an end after anoda quarterfinal at de French Open,<ref name="itf-junior-singles" /><ref name="itf-junior-doubles" /> after wich na she get right ankle surgery wey keep am out for seven months.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Attar |first1=Jabbar |title=Iga Swiatek Beats Elena Rybakina في مجموعات متتالية للوصول إلى ربع النهائي في الدوحة |url=https://albait.me/2025/02/13/%d9%82%d8%b7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad-iga-swiatek-beats-elena-rybakina-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9/ |access-date=13 February 2025 |website=مجلة البيت}}</ref> Despite competing insyd only two Grand Slam tournaments insyd 2018 den three singles events in total, Świątek fini ein junior career plus ein best season.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She return to de junior tour at de French Open after a one-year absence wey she reach de semi-finals insyd singles, losing to [[Caty McNally]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=8 June 2020 |title=My Article on Amber O'Dell's Commitment to Virginia; McNally and Gauff to Play for French Open Girls Titles; Three Americans Advance to Bethany Beach $25K Semifinals |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> She fare better insyd doubles, dey partner plus McNally to win ein first junior major title. Dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato insyd de final.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Świątek play only singles at Wimbledon. As an unseeded player secof ein absence, na dem draw am against top seed [[Whitney Osuigwe]] insyd de first round. After winning dat match insyd three sets,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Takes Out Top Seed Osuigwe; Roehampton Champions Roll On as First Round of Wimbledon Junior Championships Completed |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007183740/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |archive-date=7 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> na she no drop anoda set during de rest of de tournament wey she win de championship for ein only junior major singles title. She defeat [[Leonie Küng]] insyd de final.<ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Claims Wimbledon Girls Title; McNally and Osuigwe Meet Royalty, Advance to Girls Doubles Final for Second Straight Year |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 July 2018 |title=Swiatek ready for 'next step' after junior Wimbledon win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130181204/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |archive-date=30 November 2024 |accessdate=24 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek then team up plus de Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to compete insyd de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. Dem reach de final wey dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato. She then fini ein junior career.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2020 |title=Swiatek Did Not Appear by Magic, But Is Rooted in the ITF Pathway |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070348/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=International Tennis Federation}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == National representation == === Junior competitions === [[File:Kaja_Juvan_and_Iga_Swiatek_02.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek ''(left)'' den [[Kaja Juvan]], de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics gold medallists insyd girls' doubles]] Świątek represent Poland at de ITF World Junior Tennis Finals for 14-and-under girls twice insyd 2014 den 2015. She win all of ein matches insyd 2014 to lead Poland to a ninth-place finish out of 16 teams. De following year, she help Poland go undefeated insyd de round-robin stage to reach de semi-finals.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek move up to de 16-and-under Junior Fed Cup insyd 2016, wer she play alongside [[Maja Chwalińska]] den Stefania Rogozińska-Dzik. Poland win de title, defeating de United States 2–1 insyd de final. Świątek win both of ein rubbers insyd de final tie, defeating [[Amanda Anisimova]] insyd singles before partnering plus Chwalińska to defeat [[Caty McNally]] den [[Claire Liu]] insyd de decisive doubles rubber.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=2 October 2016 |title=US Girls Fall to Poland in Junior Fed Cup Final, Russia Claims Junior Davis Cup; Collins, Coopersmith Win USTA Pro Circuit Titles |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008081359/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Na de last event of Świątek ein junior career be de 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games. Although she loose insyd de quarterfinals insyd singles to [[Clara Burel]],<ref>{{cite web |date=12 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: "I always dreamed of the Olympics! |url=https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029003926/https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Olympics}}</ref> she partner plus Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to win de gold medal insyd doubles. Insyd de final dem defeat Naito den Sato, weu na dem sanso be Świątek ein opponents insyd de French Open doubles final earlier insyd de year.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 October 2018 |title=Gold for Poland at Youth Olympics |url=http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008061401/http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=Radio Poland}}</ref> === Billie Jean King Cup === Świątek make ein senior Billie Jean King Cup debut insyd 2018 wen na Poland dey insyd Europe/Africa Zone Group I. To advance out of dis group, Poland need to win dema round-robin group, a play-off tie against one of de oda round-robin group winners, den then anoda play-off tie as part of de separate World Group II Play-off round. Na dem no win dema round-robin group insyd 2018 anaa 2019. Świątek win ein only singles match insyd 2018. While she win only one of ein three singles matches insyd 2019, she win both of ein doubles rubbers while partnering plus [[Alicja Rosolska]]. De following year, na de format be changed so say Poland need to finish insyd only de top two out of three teams insyd dema round-robin group to reach de promotional play-off. Nonetheless, dem win dema group wey dem defeat Sweden 2–0 insyd de play-off to advance to de separate Play-off round. Świątek win all three of ein singles matches insyd de 2020 Europe/Africa Zone Group I round,<ref name="bjk-cup" /> before skipping de Play-offs demaselves.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fink |first=Nikolaus |date=18 March 2021 |title=Iga Swiatek – Yes to the Olympics, No to the Billie Jean King Cup |url=https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165039/https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=Tennisnet}}</ref> Na de following edition insyd 2022 get Poland facing Romania insyd de qualifying round, wey Świątek win ein two games to help de team move on to de Finals.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 April 2022 |title=Swiatek steers Poland into Billie Jean King Cup finals; Czechs outlast Brits |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165037/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> However, na she no attend de finals secof de decisive round started very soon after de 2022 WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|title=Iga Swiatek out of Billie Jean King Cup, saying scheduling is 'not safe'|publisher=Associated Press|date=3 October 2022|access-date=17 November 2022|archive-date=17 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165038/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|url-status=live}}</ref> De rib injury Świątek encounter shortly after exiting de 2023 Indian Wells Open sanso cause am to miss Poland ein 2023 Billie Jean King cup qualifier against Kazakhstan insyd Astana.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 March 2023 |title=Defending champion Swiatek withdraws from Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322145829/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |archive-date=22 March 2023 |access-date=22 March 2023}}</ref> Overall, Świątek get a 9–3 record at de Fed Cup, wey dey comprise 7–2 insyd singles den 2–1 insyd doubles.<ref name="bjk-cup">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Poland |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511092308/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Billie Jean King Cup}}</ref> Insyd 2024, Świątek participate insyd a match against Switzerland winning two matches insyd singles den dey contribute to Poland ein 4–0 win, wich secure de country ein place insyd November ein Finals insyd Seville for a third consecutive year.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Kate |date=13 April 2024 |title=Switzerland 0–4 Poland: Swiatek seals deal to send Poles into Finals |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416211410/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |archive-date=16 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=billiejeankingcup.com}}</ref> Świątek help Poland reach de semifinals of de 2024 BJK Cup plus wins insyd singles den insyd doubles partnering compatriot [[Katarzyna Kawa]] over Czechia.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek leads Poland to first BJK Cup semifinal with singles and doubles wins over Czech team |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-leads-poland-first-bjk-cup-semifinal-singles-doubles-wins-czech-team}}</ref> Na e be de first semifinals insyd de BJK Cup Finals insyd dema nation ein history.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Swiatek wins in singles and doubles as Poland moves into BJK Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241117012027/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |archive-date=17 November 2024 |access-date=17 November 2024}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Aryna Sabalenka === Świątek den [[Aryna Sabalenka]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Aryna Sabalenka vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as having a potential to be counted among those wey shape de history of tennis.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Dema most laud match be de 2024 Madrid Open final insyd wich Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets after 3 hours den 11 minutes, sanso dey save three championship points insyd de process.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go end Świątek ein 26-match winning streak at de French Open by defeating am insyd de 2025 French Open semifinal 7–6(1), 4–6, 6–0.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Świątek den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 16 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 11–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Coco Gauff vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/326408 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema last four matches, three of wich be de 2024 WTA Finals, 2025 United Cup final, den again at de 2026 United Cup semifinal wey Gauff win.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2025 |title=Stars and stripes reign in Sydney as Gauff and Fritz clinch United Cup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114122427/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |archive-date=14 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-10 |title=Gauff bests Swiatek as United States vs. Poland semifinal heads to mixed doubles |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431917/coco-gauff-bests-iga-swiatek-as-united-states-vs-poland-united-cup-semifinal-heads-to-mixed-doubles |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dem play each oda three times at majors, plus all of dese matches wey Świątek win insyd straight sets: 2022 French Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2022 |title=How Iga Swiatek won the 2022 French Open – and why she could dominate for the foreseeable future |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133906/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> 2023 French Open quarterfinal,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek continues success vs. Coco Gauff, into French semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37811652/iga-swiatek-continues-success-vs-coco-gauff-french-semis |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> den 2024 French Open semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek overwhelms Coco Gauff to reach French Open final |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930122150/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> === Elena Rybakina === Świątek develop a prominent rivalry plus [[Elena Rybakina]]. De two meet 14 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–6 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Rybakina lead earlier insyd dema careers before Świątek begin to pull ahead. Swiatek defeat Rybakina to win win seventh WTA 1000 title at de 2024 Qatar TotalEnergies Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina cam back from a set down to snap a 4-match losing streak insyd 2025 WTA Finals insyd Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina san go defeat am at de 2026 Australian Open quarterfinals insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> === Jeļena Ostapenko === As of June 2025, [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] dey lead Iga Świątek 6–0 insyd dema head-to-head, wey dey make am de only active player to have an undefeated record against Świątek across multiple matches. Dema encounters span all surfaces, wey Ostapenko dey claim key wins at de 2023 US Open den de 2025 Stuttgart Open. Ein aggressive, na high-risk style consistently unsettle Świątek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=Why Can't Iga Swiatek Beat Jelena Ostapenko? |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/04/22/why-cant-iga-swiatek-beat-jelena-ostapenko/}}</ref> == Playing style == [[File:Swiatek_backhand_2023_US_Open.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a backhand at de 2023 US Open]] Świątek get an aggressive, all-court style of play den dey incorporate a lot of variety into ein game. Secof ein game style be focused on offence, she typically dey generate high amounts of both winners den unforced errors.<ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="all-court">{{cite web |last1=Chiesa |first1=Victoria |date=19 August 2020 |title=Next Up: Opportunity knocks for Iga Swiatek at 2020 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200830062949/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |archive-date=30 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=US Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Abid |first1=Musab |date=27 January 2020 |title=Australian Open 2020: Poland's Iga Swiatek shows off her full potential as she goes down swinging to Anett Kontaveit |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008152938/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=First Post}}</ref> She describe ein style of play on clay as "a big serve, topspin, den backhand down de line".<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Despite ein aggressive style of play, she dey play plus margin, den dey construct points carefully til she dey create an opportunity to hit a winner, den insyd all seven of ein matches she play at de 2020 French Open, she hit more winners dan unforced errors. In total at de French Open dat year, she hit 175 winners to 127 unforced errors. Na de basis of Świątek ein game be described by tennis journalist [[Christopher Clarey]] for ''The New York Times'' as: ein sliding ability, wey dey allow am to defend from de corners ''à la'' [[Kim Clijsters]] den [[Novak Djokovic]], a "sprinter's speed" wen moving forward to de net, power den topspin akin to ein idol [[Rafael Nadal]], den mental strength forge thru sports psychology.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|title=Iga Swiatek, U.S. Open Winner, is Ready for Global Stardom|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=11 September 2022|access-date=11 September 2022|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911003108/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|url-status=live|last1=Clarey|first1=Christopher}}</ref> Ein forehand den backhand be fast den powerful, wey ein forehand be hit plus significant topspin secof she dey employ an extreme western grip; on ein run to de title at de French Open insyd 2020, na Świątek ein average forehand speed be {{convert|73|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, only 4&nbsp;km/h below dat of de average male forehand speed. She even hit sam forehands up to {{convert|79|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw wey she be exceeded only by [[Jannik Sinner]] on de men's side. Ein forehand topspin reach 3,453 rpm at de French Open, comparable plus ein idol Rafael Nadal.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: Her topspin, a new high for women's tennis |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027020008/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |archive-date=27 October 2020 |access-date=5 December 2020 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> Świątek ein backhand speed peak at {{convert|76|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} at de French Open, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw, den equal to [[Dominic Thiem]] ein backhand speed, de fastest of any male player at de French Open.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mitchell |first1=Kevin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Simona Halep dumped out of French Open by Polish teenager Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207064659/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=7 December 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref name="WTA May 19, 2022">{{Cite web |title=WTA May 19, 2022 Inside the rise of Iga Swiatek: Blistering forehands and unmatched aggression |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230114113353/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |archive-date=14 January 2023 |access-date=14 January 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Considering ein dominance on clay, Świątek often be called de "Queen of Clay".<ref>{{cite web |date=23 May 2024 |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/queen-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-paris-2024-05-23/ |accessdate=29 May 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek annointed as the Queen of Clay at Roland-Garros |url=https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203724/https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |archive-date=25 July 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=National Bank Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530025450/https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |archive-date=30 May 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=SuperSport}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to cam to de net, wey she get good volleying skills secof ein doubles experience.<ref name="bounce">{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=4 October 2020 |title=Fresh Energy > Star Power: Iga Swiatek's and Martina Trevisan's Upsets |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022184203/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Świątek dey possess an accurate first serve, wey dey peak at {{convert|123|mph|km/h|abbr=on}},<ref>{{cite web |title=Infosys Match Centre, Roland Garros, 2024 |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606191535/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024}}</ref> den dey average at {{convert|108|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, wey dey allow am to serve aces, dictate play from de first stroke, den win a majority of first-serve points. She dey possess an effective kick serve, den an effective slice serve, wich be deployed as second serves, preventing opponents from scoring free points. Insyd earlier years of ein career, she regularly use de drop shot, wey she win de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year plus a cross-court drop shot from de baseline wey land on de sideline well insyd de service box.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Top-seeded Halep stunned by Swiatek, Nadal moves on |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008045258/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Xinhua Net}}</ref> Since de beginning of ein collaboration plus Tomasz Wiktorowski, she simplify ein game den currently very rarely dey employ dis shot.<ref>{{cite web |title=Navratilova's tips: How Swiatek, Sabalenka and Gauff can elevate their game |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303233920/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |archive-date=3 March 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to gain de advantage insyd a point by hitting de ball early on de rise.<ref name="bounce" /> Further strengths dey include ein exceptional speed, movement, den court coverage, detailed den intricate footwork, den intelligent point construction. Ein favourite surface be clay, having grown up playing on dat surface, although she get success on all surfaces.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McLean |first1=Ross |date=26 June 2019 |title=Swiatek: Winning Wimbledon Changed Everything |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031200935/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Ein clay court success be enhanced by ein ability to slide on de surface; as ein career progress, she sanso develop de ability to slide on hard den grass courts, too. [[File:Iga_Swiatek_serving_in_2023.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek about to serve]] === Bagels den Breadsticks === Over Świątek ein WTA career up til May 2024 an average of 40.6 percent of ein matches be included either a 6–0 (bagel) set anaa a 6–1 (breadstick) set. As a result, chaw start to use de term "Iga's Bakery" to describe dis.<ref name="Eccleshare">{{cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=24 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's (tennis) bagels: How the WTA world No 1 bakes her 6–0 sets |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526005341/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |archive-date=26 May 2024 |accessdate=26 May 2024 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> During de 2023 season she win a bagel set insyd 29 percent of ein matches dem compare plus an average of 11.4 per cent of matches for matches insyd wich na she no dey play.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> Ein closest bagel rivals be Coco Gauff den Jessica Pegula, both of whom score eight insyd 2023.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> As of July 2025, she dispense de rarer double bagel nine times insyd ein WTA career, three of wich cam during major tournaments (wich be against Xinyu Wang insyd de 2023 French Open, against [[Anastasia Potapova]] insyd de 2024 French Open, den against Amanda Anisimova insyd de 2025 Wimbledon final).<ref>{{cite web |last=Sutelan |first=Edward |date=7 June 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek bakery, explained: How tennis star's 'bagel & breadstick' dominance has led to meme |url=https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527050500/https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |archive-date=27 May 2024 |accessdate=27 May 2024 |website=Sporting News}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Aryna Sabalenka === Świątek den [[Aryna Sabalenka]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Aryna Sabalenka vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as having a potential to be counted among those wey shape de history of tennis.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Dema most laud match be de 2024 Madrid Open final insyd wich Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets after 3 hours den 11 minutes, sanso dey save three championship points insyd de process.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go end Świątek ein 26-match winning streak at de French Open by defeating am insyd de 2025 French Open semifinal 7–6(1), 4–6, 6–0.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Świątek den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 16 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 11–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Coco Gauff vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/326408 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema last four matches, three of wich be de 2024 WTA Finals, 2025 United Cup final, den again at de 2026 United Cup semifinal wey Gauff win.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2025 |title=Stars and stripes reign in Sydney as Gauff and Fritz clinch United Cup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114122427/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |archive-date=14 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-10 |title=Gauff bests Swiatek as United States vs. Poland semifinal heads to mixed doubles |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431917/coco-gauff-bests-iga-swiatek-as-united-states-vs-poland-united-cup-semifinal-heads-to-mixed-doubles |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dem play each oda three times at majors, plus all of dese matches wey Świątek win insyd straight sets: 2022 French Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2022 |title=How Iga Swiatek won the 2022 French Open – and why she could dominate for the foreseeable future |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133906/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> 2023 French Open quarterfinal,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek continues success vs. Coco Gauff, into French semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37811652/iga-swiatek-continues-success-vs-coco-gauff-french-semis |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> den 2024 French Open semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek overwhelms Coco Gauff to reach French Open final |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930122150/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> === Elena Rybakina === Świątek develop a prominent rivalry plus [[Elena Rybakina]]. De two meet 14 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–6 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Rybakina lead earlier insyd dema careers before Świątek begin to pull ahead. Swiatek defeat Rybakina to win win seventh WTA 1000 title at de 2024 Qatar TotalEnergies Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina cam back from a set down to snap a 4-match losing streak insyd 2025 WTA Finals insyd Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina san go defeat am at de 2026 Australian Open quarterfinals insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> === Jeļena Ostapenko === As of June 2025, [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] dey lead Iga Świątek 6–0 insyd dema head-to-head, wey dey make am de only active player to have an undefeated record against Świątek across multiple matches. Dema encounters span all surfaces, wey Ostapenko dey claim key wins at de 2023 US Open den de 2025 Stuttgart Open. Ein aggressive, na high-risk style consistently unsettle Świątek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=Why Can't Iga Swiatek Beat Jelena Ostapenko? |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/04/22/why-cant-iga-swiatek-beat-jelena-ostapenko/}}</ref> == Coaching team == Świątek ein primary coach insyd ein early junior years be Michał Kaznowski, wey she work plus up to de 2016 French Open.<ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Łuczak |first1=Maciej |date=23 August 2016 |title=Iga Świątek: nie będę drugą Agnieszką Radwańską |trans-title=Iga Świątek: I will not be the second Agnieszka Radwańska |url=https://sport.tvp.pl/26656263/iga-swiatek-nie-bede-druga-agnieszka-radwanska |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010062430/https://sport.tvp.pl/26656263/iga-swiatek-nie-bede-druga-agnieszka-radwanska |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=TVP Sport |language=pl}}</ref> Na Jolanta Rusin-Krzepota be ein physical preparation trainer for almost four years thru de end of de 2019 US Open.<ref>{{cite web |last=Krogulec |first=Michał |date=8 September 2019 |title="To Były Wspaniałe Lata". Iga Swiątek Kończy Współpracę |trans-title="Those Were Great Years." Iga Swiątek Ends The Cooperation |url=https://tenisklub.pl/aktualnosci/to-byly-wspaniale-lata-iga-swiatek-konczy-wspolprace/61988/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124142342/https://tenisklub.pl/aktualnosci/to-byly-wspaniale-lata-iga-swiatek-konczy-wspolprace/61988/ |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tenis Klub |language=pl}}</ref> Na Świątek be coached by Piotr Sierzputowski beginning insyd 2016.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Swiatek bored by practise but 'a beast' on court, says coach |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tennis-frenchopen-swiatek-coach/swiatek-bored-by-practise-but-a-beast-on-court-says-coach-idUSKBN26P0OP |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009013102/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tennis-frenchopen-swiatek-coach/swiatek-bored-by-practise-but-a-beast-on-court-says-coach-idUSKBN26P0OP |archive-date=9 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Reuters}}</ref> While Sierzputowski be ein coach, British former professional tennis player den former Polish Davis Cup coach [[Nick Brown (tennis)|Nick Brown]] sanso serve as a main consultant on occasion.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gębicz |first1=Bartosz |date=1 June 2019 |title=Piotr Sierzputowski: Mam Swój Pomysł Na Igę Swiątek |trans-title=Piotr Sierzputowski: I Have My Own Idea For Iga Swiątek |url=https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/roland-garros/piotr-sierzputowski-mam-swoj-pomysl-na-ige-swiatek/8rxqdr8 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608123332/https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/roland-garros/piotr-sierzputowski-mam-swoj-pomysl-na-ige-swiatek/8rxqdr8 |archive-date=8 June 2019 |access-date=7 October 2020 |website=Przeglad Sportowy |language=pl}}</ref> Świątek sanso dey work plus sports psychologist [[Daria Abramowicz]] den fitness trainer/physiologist Maciej Ryszczuk.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rossingh |first1=Danielle |date=3 October 2020 |title=Focused Swiatek is up for Halep challenge |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/focused-iga-swiatek-is-up-for-halep-challenge |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201006080645/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/focused-iga-swiatek-is-up-for-halep-challenge |archive-date=6 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Roland Garros}}</ref><ref name="WTA201005">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=5 October 2020 |title=How Swiatek's sports psychologist honed her mental game |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1856382/how-swiatek-s-sports-psychologist-honed-her-mental-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010173223/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1856382/how-swiatek-s-sports-psychologist-honed-her-mental-game |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="NYT210207">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-sports-psychology.html|title=The Brain Within the Brain of a Rising Tennis Queen|first=Matthew|last=Futterman|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=7 February 2021|access-date=7 February 2021|archive-date=7 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207173428/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-sports-psychology.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Warzecha |first=Sebastian |date=6 June 2022 |title=Poznajcie współtwórcę sukcesów Igi Świątek. Sylwetka Macieja Ryszczuka |trans-title=Meet the co-creator of Iga Świątek's successes ... |url=https://weszlo.com/2022/06/06/maciej-ryszczuk-swiatek-sylwetka |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103002426/https://weszlo.com/2022/06/06/maciej-ryszczuk-swiatek-sylwetka |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=2 January 2023 |work=Weszło |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd December 2021, Świątek announce say na she dey split from Sierzputowski after nearly six years working togeda. She wrep, "''This change is really challenging for me, and this decision wasn't easy, either''". Na Świątek hire Sierzputowski wen na she be 15 den still dey play insyd junior tournaments.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 December 2021 |title=2020 French Open champ Iga Swiatek splits from longtime coach |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/32786717/2020-french-open-champ-iga-swiatek-splits-long-coach |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204214854/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/32786717/2020-french-open-champ-iga-swiatek-splits-long-coach |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=4 December 2021 |website=Espn.com}}</ref> From de end of 2021 til October 2024, she be coached by [[Tomasz Wiktorowski]],<ref name="coach">{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Coach's Corner: No. 1 Iga Swiatek parts ways with coach Tomasz Wiktorowski, withdraws from Wuhan |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/no-1-iga-swiatek-parts-ways-with-coach-tomasz-wiktorowski-after-3-trophy-laden-years-together |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004134157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/no-1-iga-swiatek-parts-ways-with-coach-tomasz-wiktorowski-after-3-trophy-laden-years-together |archive-date=4 October 2024 |access-date=5 October 2024 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> wey sanso previously work plus [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{cite web |date=4 December 2021 |title=Dawid Olejniczak o rozstaniu Igi Świątek z Piotrem Sierzputowskim: Rzadko trener nie jest na pierwszym planie |url=https://www.polsatsport.pl/wiadomosc/2021-12-04/dawid-olejniczak-o-rozstaniu-igi-swiatek-z-piotrem-sierzputowskim-rzadko-trener-nie-jest-na-pierwszym-planie/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204161439/https://www.polsatsport.pl/wiadomosc/2021-12-04/dawid-olejniczak-o-rozstaniu-igi-swiatek-z-piotrem-sierzputowskim-rzadko-trener-nie-jest-na-pierwszym-planie/ |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=3 February 2022 |work=Polsat Sport}}</ref> Insyd October 2024 na e be announced say she part ways plus Wiktorowski,<ref name="coach" /><ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Swiatek splits with coach Wiktorowski |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c9wk7j7q0wro |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004083730/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c9wk7j7q0wro |archive-date=4 October 2024 |accessdate=4 October 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> appointing [[Wim Fissette]] as ein replacement later dat month.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 October 2024 |title=Swiatek appoints Osaka's former coach Fissette |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4g5d725yvgo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113020856/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4g5d725yvgo |archive-date=13 November 2024 |accessdate=17 October 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Insyd an Instagram post on 23 March 2026, days after ein streak of 73 consecutive opening round wins end at de Miami Open, Swiatek announce she den Fissette part ways.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek releases statement on Instagram as she announces split with her coach |url=https://www.thetennisgazette.com/news/iga-swiatek-releases-statement-on-instagram-as-she-announces-split-with-her-coach/ |accessdate=23 March 2026 |publisher=The Tennis Gazette}}</ref> On April 2, 2026, Świątek announce say [[Francisco Roig]], a longtime [[Rafael Nadal]] coach, join ein team.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek hires longtime Nadal coach Francisco Roig, begins reset on clay |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-hires-new-coach-francisco-roig-trains-rafael-nadal-academy-after-miami/ |accessdate=29 May 2026 |publisher=Tennis Channel}}</ref> == Endorsements == Świątek now be sponsored by de Roger Federer-backed Swiss company ''On'' for clothing den shoes, as of 20 March 2023, wey she cam be de first female tennis player to be sponsored by ''On''.<ref>{{cite web |title=How Federer helped shape Swiatek apparel deal with on |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3119240/how-federer-helped-shape-swiatek-apparel-deal-with-on |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324123127/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3119240/how-federer-helped-shape-swiatek-apparel-deal-with-on |archive-date=24 March 2023 |access-date=24 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She be sponsored by Asics for clothing den shoes since de start of 2020. She previously be sponsored by Nike.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 January 2020 |title=Two more breakups with Nike: Caroline Garcia, Iga Swiatek join the Asics team |url=https://womenstennisblog.com/2020/01/05/garcia-swiatek-join-asics/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001044759/https://womenstennisblog.com/2020/01/05/garcia-swiatek-join-asics/ |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Women's Tennis Blog}}</ref> Świątek sanso be previously endorsed by de Red Bull energy drink company, de Chinese tech giant Xiaomi<ref>{{cite web |date=27 February 2021 |title=Iga Świątek ambasadorką chińskiego potentata wartego 100 mld dol. Może być nośnikiem nowej wizji świata |url=https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-ambasadorka-chinskiego-giganta-xiaomi/4rmkjx2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419003634/https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-ambasadorka-chinskiego-giganta-xiaomi/4rmkjx2 |archive-date=19 April 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021 |work=Przegląd Sportowy |language=pl}}</ref> den de Lexus division of de Toyota automaker company, de latter of wich sanso be sponsored fellow Polish tennis player [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Świątek |url=https://www.redbull.com/int-en/athlete/iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012183531/https://www.redbull.com/int-en/athlete/iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=10 October 2020 |website=Red Bull}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 October 2020 |title=Iga Świątek – jakie auto ma polska tenisistka? Nie może nim jeszcze sama jeździć |trans-title=What car does Iga Świątek have? She can't drive it herself yet |url=https://www.auto-swiat.pl/wiadomosci/aktualnosci/iga-swiatek-jakie-auto-ma-polska-tenisistka-nie-moze-nim-jeszcze-sama-jezdzic/bcz6jvb |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008065944/https://www.auto-swiat.pl/wiadomosci/aktualnosci/iga-swiatek-jakie-auto-ma-polska-tenisistka-nie-moze-nim-jeszcze-sama-jezdzic/bcz6jvb |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Auto Świat |language=pl}}</ref> From February 2021 til January 2024 ein main partner be Poland ein biggest insurance company PZU.<ref>{{cite web |title=PZU oficjalnym partnerem Igi Świątek |url=https://agentpzu.pl/aktualnosc/pzu-oficjalnym-partnerem-igi-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215304/https://agentpzu.pl/aktualnosc/pzu-oficjalnym-partnerem-igi-swiatek |archive-date=2 June 2021 |access-date=1 June 2021 |language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Świątek bez logo PZU. Koniec współpracy z największym sponsorem |url=https://www.rp.pl/biznes/art39645961-iga-swiatek-bez-logo-pzu-koniec-wspolpracy-z-najwiekszym-sponsorem |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203729/https://www.rp.pl/biznes/art39645961-iga-swiatek-bez-logo-pzu-koniec-wspolpracy-z-najwiekszym-sponsorem |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=20 May 2024 |work=Rzeczpospolita |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd 2021, Świątek sign an endorsement deal plus Tecnifibre for racquets; she previously use a Prince Textreme 100 Tour racquet, although na she no be under contract plus de company. To celebrate de victory at de 2022 French Open plus a Tecnifibre racquet den to recognise de female athlete, de company change ein marketing name to Swiateknifibre den ein trademark to de colours white den red for seven days. Na e be de first women's major title for dis manufacturer.<ref>{{cite tweet|number=1533099869212114950|user=tecnifibre|title=Hey @iga_swiatek , seems like #TecnifibreFamily has a message for you 😁 IGA IGA IGA!!}}</ref> Świątek ein poppie sanso confirm say na she sanso sign a contract plus Rolex insyd 2021. After winning ein third major title at de 2022 US Open, Świątek part ways plus ein long-term manager, wey she begin to be represented by IMG plus agent Max Eisenbud.<ref>{{cite web |last=Bouchard |first=Carole |date=8 February 2023 |title=Swiatek on business and bold choices: 'I want to use my impact well in a way that is healthy for me' |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/swiatek-on-business-and-bold-choices-i-want-to-use-my-impact-well-in-a-way-that-is-healthy-for-me-659319.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318182909/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/swiatek-on-business-and-bold-choices-i-want-to-use-my-impact-well-in-a-way-that-is-healthy-for-me-659319.html |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> Insyd 2023, Świątek announce say she cam be a global ambassador give de Polish sports drink Oshee.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mesic |first1=Dzevad |date=8 February 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes new global ambassador of OSHEE sports drink |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/128130/iga-swiatek-becomes-new-global-ambassador-of-oshee-sports-drink-/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209232752/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/128130/iga-swiatek-becomes-new-global-ambassador-of-oshee-sports-drink-/ |archive-date=9 February 2023 |access-date=8 February 2023 |work=Tennis World USA}}</ref> She sanso go release a collaboration line plus de brand, wey dey include ein own drink flavour den bottle design. On 26 June 2023, Swiatek announce ein partnership plus Porsche.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 June 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek to become "Porsche Friend" in Poland |url=https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2023/sports-society/porsche-tennis-iga-swiatek-porsche-friend-poland-32891.html/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701192937/https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2023/sports-society/porsche-tennis-iga-swiatek-porsche-friend-poland-32891.html |archive-date=1 July 2023 |access-date=25 August 2023 |work=Porsche Newsroom}}</ref> Insyd August 2023, Swiatek cam be a global ambassador of VISA.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 August 2023 |title=Tennis World Champion Iga Swiatek Joins Team Visa as Newest Global Brand Ambassador |url=https://investor.visa.com/news/news-details/2023/Tennis-World-Champion-Iga-Swiatek-Joins-Team-Visa-as-Newest-Global-Brand-Ambassador/default.aspx/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930131200/https://investor.visa.com/news/news-details/2023/Tennis-World-Champion-Iga-Swiatek-Joins-Team-Visa-as-Newest-Global-Brand-Ambassador/default.aspx |archive-date=30 September 2023}}</ref> On 25 August 2023, Infosys announce Swiatek as dema global brand ambassador alongside [[Rafael Nadal]].<ref>{{cite web |date=25 August 2023 |title=Infosys welcomes tennis world No. 1 Iga Świątek as Global Brand ambassador |url=https://www.infosys.com/newsroom/press-releases/2023/iga-swiatek-brand-ambassador.html/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904074134/https://www.infosys.com/newsroom/press-releases/2023/iga-swiatek-brand-ambassador.html |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=25 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd April 2024, Świątek cam be de brand ambassador of Lancôme.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 April 2024 |title=Swiatek makes history with Lancôme sponsorship |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3970124/swiatek-makes-history-with-lanc-me-sponsorship |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420074152/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3970124/swiatek-makes-history-with-lanc-me-sponsorship |archive-date=20 April 2024 |access-date=20 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> crn92yajwaolz48z373vcbjf42if8nb 112427 112307 2026-09-24T23:06:17Z DaSupremo 9 Removed a duplicated section 112427 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iga Natalia Świątek''' (born 31 May 2001) be a Polish professional tennis player. Dem currently rank am world No. 9 insyd women's singles by de WTA, she hold de world No. 1 ranking for a total of 125 weeks, seventh-most of all-time. Świątek win 26 WTA Tour–level singles titles, wey dey include six major titles: four at de French Open, one at Wimbledon, den one at de US Open. She sanso win de 2023 WTA Finals den twelve WTA 1000 events. Świątek be de first Pole to win a major singles title. As a junior, na Świątek be de 2018 French Open girls' doubles champion alongside [[Caty McNally]] den de 2018 Wimbledon girls' singles champion. She begin dey play regularly on de WTA Tour insyd 2019, wey sje enter de top 50 at 18 years old after ein first Tour final den a fourth-round appearance at de 2019 French Open. Insyd 2020, Świątek win ein first major at de French Open insyd dominant fashion, losing no more dan five games insyd any singles match. She enter de top ten of de WTA rankings for de first time insyd May 2021. Insyd early 2022, Świątek surge into dominance plus a 37-match winning streak, de longest on de WTA Tour insyd de 21st century, becoming world No. 1 insyd de process. Plus major titles at de French den US Opens, she fini 2022 as de world ein best player. She repeat de year-end No. 1 feat insyd 2023 by defending ein French Open title wey she claim de WTA Finals, wey she win de French Open for a third straight edition insyd 2024. Świątek win ein first grass court title at de 2025 Wimbledon Championships. She claim de French Open title at four of ein eight appearances at de tournament, she never loose a match before de fourth round. Insyd 2025 na dem suspend Świątek for one month for a drug found insyd contaminated sleep medication. Świątek get an all-court playing style. She win de WTA Fan Favorite Shot of the Year insyd 2019 plus a drop shot from de baseline, wey na dem vote am WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year insyd 2020. Insyd 2023, na dem name am ''L'Équipe'' Champion of Champions den Polish Sports Personality of de Year wey dem include am on ''Time'' ein annual list of de 100 most influential people insyd de world. == Early life den background == Dem born Świątek on 31 May 2001 insyd Warsaw to Dorota den [[Tomasz Świątek]]. Ein poppie be a former rower wey compete insyd de men's quadruple sculls event at de 1988 Seoul Olympics,<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref> while ein mother be an orthodontist. She get a sisto, Agata, wey be about three years older wey be a dentist.<ref name="parents">{{cite web |date=10 October 2020 |title=Iga Świątek Matka Ojciec: Kim są rodzice Igi Świątek? Ojciec i matka Igi Świątek |trans-title=Iga Świątek Mother Father: Who are Iga Świątek's parents? Father and mother of Iga Świątek |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013200927/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |archive-date=13 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=[[Super Express (newspaper)|Super Express]] |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem poppie wan ein daughters to become competitive athletes wey he prefer dem take up an individual sport rada dan a team sport to have better control of dema chances of success. Agata start out as a swimmer buh she switch to tennis. She briefly compete on de ITF Junior Circuit insyd 2013 at about 15 years old, buh na she stop dey play secof injuries.<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="father-interview">{{cite web |last1=Chojecki |first1=Michał |date=21 July 2018 |title=Tomasz Świątek, ojciec mistrzyni juniorskiego Wimbledonu: Iga sama dobrze wie, czego chce |trans-title=Tomasz Świątek, father of the Wimbledon junior champion: Iga knows exactly what she wants |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008140827/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Super Express |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="agata">{{cite web |title=Agata Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010155634/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek follow ein sisto into tennis secof na she wan to beat am den sanso secof na she wan to be more like am. Świątek train at Mera Warsaw as a 14-year-old before later she move go Legia Warsaw.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |last1=Ciastoń |first1=Jakub |date=26 August 2015 |title=Najmłodsza, najlepsza, Iga! 14-latka z Raszyna ograła na kortach Legii starsze od siebie tenisistki |trans-title=The youngest, the best, Iga! The 14-year-old from Raszyn outplayed the older tennis players on the Legia courts |url=https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811151514/https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |archive-date=11 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Sport.pl |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref> == Junior years == [[File:Iga_Swiatek_–_Wimbledon_junior_champion_2018_(50497948673)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Świątek plus de 2018 Wimbledon junior champion's trophy]] Świątek reach a career-high ranking of No. 5 as a junior player. She begin dey compete insyd ITF Junior Circuit events insyd 2015 wey she win back-to-back low-level Grade 4 titles insyd April den May at age 13. Before de end of de year, she move up to Grade 2 events wey she fini runner-up insyd both singles den doubles at de Czech Junior Open. Świątek make ein junior Grand Slam tournament debut insyd 2016 at de French Open, reaching de quarterfinals insyd both singles den doubles. She follow dis up plus ein best junior title to date at de Grade 1 Canadian Open Junior Championships, defeating [[Olga Danilović]] insyd de final.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Na Świątek get a strong first half of 2017. She win both de singles den doubles titles at de Grade 1 Traralgon Junior International. Although she loose ein opening round match at de Australian Open, she partner plus compatriot [[Maja Chwalińska]] to make ein first final insyd a major tournament, finishing runner-up insyd doubles to de North American team of [[Bianca Andreescu]] den [[Carson Branstine]].<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She then reach ein first Grade A singles final at de Trofeo Bonfiglio, losing to [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=28 May 2017 |title=Popyrin e Rybakina vincono il Trofeo Bonfiglio 2017 |trans-title=Popyrin and Rybakina win the Bonfiglio Trophy 2017 |url=https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216231303/https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |archive-date=16 December 2021 |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=Spazio Tennis |language=it}}</ref> Ein season cam to an end after anoda quarterfinal at de French Open,<ref name="itf-junior-singles" /><ref name="itf-junior-doubles" /> after wich na she get right ankle surgery wey keep am out for seven months.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Attar |first1=Jabbar |title=Iga Swiatek Beats Elena Rybakina في مجموعات متتالية للوصول إلى ربع النهائي في الدوحة |url=https://albait.me/2025/02/13/%d9%82%d8%b7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad-iga-swiatek-beats-elena-rybakina-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9/ |access-date=13 February 2025 |website=مجلة البيت}}</ref> Despite competing insyd only two Grand Slam tournaments insyd 2018 den three singles events in total, Świątek fini ein junior career plus ein best season.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She return to de junior tour at de French Open after a one-year absence wey she reach de semi-finals insyd singles, losing to [[Caty McNally]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=8 June 2020 |title=My Article on Amber O'Dell's Commitment to Virginia; McNally and Gauff to Play for French Open Girls Titles; Three Americans Advance to Bethany Beach $25K Semifinals |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> She fare better insyd doubles, dey partner plus McNally to win ein first junior major title. Dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato insyd de final.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Świątek play only singles at Wimbledon. As an unseeded player secof ein absence, na dem draw am against top seed [[Whitney Osuigwe]] insyd de first round. After winning dat match insyd three sets,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Takes Out Top Seed Osuigwe; Roehampton Champions Roll On as First Round of Wimbledon Junior Championships Completed |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007183740/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |archive-date=7 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> na she no drop anoda set during de rest of de tournament wey she win de championship for ein only junior major singles title. She defeat [[Leonie Küng]] insyd de final.<ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Claims Wimbledon Girls Title; McNally and Osuigwe Meet Royalty, Advance to Girls Doubles Final for Second Straight Year |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 July 2018 |title=Swiatek ready for 'next step' after junior Wimbledon win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130181204/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |archive-date=30 November 2024 |accessdate=24 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek then team up plus de Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to compete insyd de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. Dem reach de final wey dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato. She then fini ein junior career.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2020 |title=Swiatek Did Not Appear by Magic, But Is Rooted in the ITF Pathway |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070348/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=International Tennis Federation}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == National representation == === Junior competitions === [[File:Kaja_Juvan_and_Iga_Swiatek_02.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek ''(left)'' den [[Kaja Juvan]], de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics gold medallists insyd girls' doubles]] Świątek represent Poland at de ITF World Junior Tennis Finals for 14-and-under girls twice insyd 2014 den 2015. She win all of ein matches insyd 2014 to lead Poland to a ninth-place finish out of 16 teams. De following year, she help Poland go undefeated insyd de round-robin stage to reach de semi-finals.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek move up to de 16-and-under Junior Fed Cup insyd 2016, wer she play alongside [[Maja Chwalińska]] den Stefania Rogozińska-Dzik. Poland win de title, defeating de United States 2–1 insyd de final. Świątek win both of ein rubbers insyd de final tie, defeating [[Amanda Anisimova]] insyd singles before partnering plus Chwalińska to defeat [[Caty McNally]] den [[Claire Liu]] insyd de decisive doubles rubber.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=2 October 2016 |title=US Girls Fall to Poland in Junior Fed Cup Final, Russia Claims Junior Davis Cup; Collins, Coopersmith Win USTA Pro Circuit Titles |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008081359/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Na de last event of Świątek ein junior career be de 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games. Although she loose insyd de quarterfinals insyd singles to [[Clara Burel]],<ref>{{cite web |date=12 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: "I always dreamed of the Olympics! |url=https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029003926/https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Olympics}}</ref> she partner plus Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to win de gold medal insyd doubles. Insyd de final dem defeat Naito den Sato, weu na dem sanso be Świątek ein opponents insyd de French Open doubles final earlier insyd de year.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 October 2018 |title=Gold for Poland at Youth Olympics |url=http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008061401/http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=Radio Poland}}</ref> === Billie Jean King Cup === Świątek make ein senior Billie Jean King Cup debut insyd 2018 wen na Poland dey insyd Europe/Africa Zone Group I. To advance out of dis group, Poland need to win dema round-robin group, a play-off tie against one of de oda round-robin group winners, den then anoda play-off tie as part of de separate World Group II Play-off round. Na dem no win dema round-robin group insyd 2018 anaa 2019. Świątek win ein only singles match insyd 2018. While she win only one of ein three singles matches insyd 2019, she win both of ein doubles rubbers while partnering plus [[Alicja Rosolska]]. De following year, na de format be changed so say Poland need to finish insyd only de top two out of three teams insyd dema round-robin group to reach de promotional play-off. Nonetheless, dem win dema group wey dem defeat Sweden 2–0 insyd de play-off to advance to de separate Play-off round. Świątek win all three of ein singles matches insyd de 2020 Europe/Africa Zone Group I round,<ref name="bjk-cup" /> before skipping de Play-offs demaselves.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fink |first=Nikolaus |date=18 March 2021 |title=Iga Swiatek – Yes to the Olympics, No to the Billie Jean King Cup |url=https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165039/https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=Tennisnet}}</ref> Na de following edition insyd 2022 get Poland facing Romania insyd de qualifying round, wey Świątek win ein two games to help de team move on to de Finals.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 April 2022 |title=Swiatek steers Poland into Billie Jean King Cup finals; Czechs outlast Brits |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165037/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> However, na she no attend de finals secof de decisive round started very soon after de 2022 WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|title=Iga Swiatek out of Billie Jean King Cup, saying scheduling is 'not safe'|publisher=Associated Press|date=3 October 2022|access-date=17 November 2022|archive-date=17 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165038/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|url-status=live}}</ref> De rib injury Świątek encounter shortly after exiting de 2023 Indian Wells Open sanso cause am to miss Poland ein 2023 Billie Jean King cup qualifier against Kazakhstan insyd Astana.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 March 2023 |title=Defending champion Swiatek withdraws from Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322145829/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |archive-date=22 March 2023 |access-date=22 March 2023}}</ref> Overall, Świątek get a 9–3 record at de Fed Cup, wey dey comprise 7–2 insyd singles den 2–1 insyd doubles.<ref name="bjk-cup">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Poland |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511092308/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Billie Jean King Cup}}</ref> Insyd 2024, Świątek participate insyd a match against Switzerland winning two matches insyd singles den dey contribute to Poland ein 4–0 win, wich secure de country ein place insyd November ein Finals insyd Seville for a third consecutive year.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Kate |date=13 April 2024 |title=Switzerland 0–4 Poland: Swiatek seals deal to send Poles into Finals |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416211410/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |archive-date=16 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=billiejeankingcup.com}}</ref> Świątek help Poland reach de semifinals of de 2024 BJK Cup plus wins insyd singles den insyd doubles partnering compatriot [[Katarzyna Kawa]] over Czechia.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek leads Poland to first BJK Cup semifinal with singles and doubles wins over Czech team |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-leads-poland-first-bjk-cup-semifinal-singles-doubles-wins-czech-team}}</ref> Na e be de first semifinals insyd de BJK Cup Finals insyd dema nation ein history.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Swiatek wins in singles and doubles as Poland moves into BJK Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241117012027/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |archive-date=17 November 2024 |access-date=17 November 2024}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Aryna Sabalenka === Świątek den [[Aryna Sabalenka]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Aryna Sabalenka vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as having a potential to be counted among those wey shape de history of tennis.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Dema most laud match be de 2024 Madrid Open final insyd wich Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets after 3 hours den 11 minutes, sanso dey save three championship points insyd de process.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go end Świątek ein 26-match winning streak at de French Open by defeating am insyd de 2025 French Open semifinal 7–6(1), 4–6, 6–0.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Świątek den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 16 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 11–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Coco Gauff vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/326408 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema last four matches, three of wich be de 2024 WTA Finals, 2025 United Cup final, den again at de 2026 United Cup semifinal wey Gauff win.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2025 |title=Stars and stripes reign in Sydney as Gauff and Fritz clinch United Cup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114122427/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |archive-date=14 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-10 |title=Gauff bests Swiatek as United States vs. Poland semifinal heads to mixed doubles |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431917/coco-gauff-bests-iga-swiatek-as-united-states-vs-poland-united-cup-semifinal-heads-to-mixed-doubles |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dem play each oda three times at majors, plus all of dese matches wey Świątek win insyd straight sets: 2022 French Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2022 |title=How Iga Swiatek won the 2022 French Open – and why she could dominate for the foreseeable future |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133906/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> 2023 French Open quarterfinal,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek continues success vs. Coco Gauff, into French semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37811652/iga-swiatek-continues-success-vs-coco-gauff-french-semis |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> den 2024 French Open semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek overwhelms Coco Gauff to reach French Open final |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930122150/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> === Elena Rybakina === Świątek develop a prominent rivalry plus [[Elena Rybakina]]. De two meet 14 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–6 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Rybakina lead earlier insyd dema careers before Świątek begin to pull ahead. Swiatek defeat Rybakina to win win seventh WTA 1000 title at de 2024 Qatar TotalEnergies Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina cam back from a set down to snap a 4-match losing streak insyd 2025 WTA Finals insyd Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina san go defeat am at de 2026 Australian Open quarterfinals insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> === Jeļena Ostapenko === As of June 2025, [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] dey lead Iga Świątek 6–0 insyd dema head-to-head, wey dey make am de only active player to have an undefeated record against Świątek across multiple matches. Dema encounters span all surfaces, wey Ostapenko dey claim key wins at de 2023 US Open den de 2025 Stuttgart Open. Ein aggressive, na high-risk style consistently unsettle Świątek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=Why Can't Iga Swiatek Beat Jelena Ostapenko? |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/04/22/why-cant-iga-swiatek-beat-jelena-ostapenko/}}</ref> == Playing style == [[File:Swiatek_backhand_2023_US_Open.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a backhand at de 2023 US Open]] Świątek get an aggressive, all-court style of play den dey incorporate a lot of variety into ein game. Secof ein game style be focused on offence, she typically dey generate high amounts of both winners den unforced errors.<ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="all-court">{{cite web |last1=Chiesa |first1=Victoria |date=19 August 2020 |title=Next Up: Opportunity knocks for Iga Swiatek at 2020 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200830062949/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |archive-date=30 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=US Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Abid |first1=Musab |date=27 January 2020 |title=Australian Open 2020: Poland's Iga Swiatek shows off her full potential as she goes down swinging to Anett Kontaveit |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008152938/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=First Post}}</ref> She describe ein style of play on clay as "a big serve, topspin, den backhand down de line".<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Despite ein aggressive style of play, she dey play plus margin, den dey construct points carefully til she dey create an opportunity to hit a winner, den insyd all seven of ein matches she play at de 2020 French Open, she hit more winners dan unforced errors. In total at de French Open dat year, she hit 175 winners to 127 unforced errors. Na de basis of Świątek ein game be described by tennis journalist [[Christopher Clarey]] for ''The New York Times'' as: ein sliding ability, wey dey allow am to defend from de corners ''à la'' [[Kim Clijsters]] den [[Novak Djokovic]], a "sprinter's speed" wen moving forward to de net, power den topspin akin to ein idol [[Rafael Nadal]], den mental strength forge thru sports psychology.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|title=Iga Swiatek, U.S. Open Winner, is Ready for Global Stardom|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=11 September 2022|access-date=11 September 2022|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911003108/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|url-status=live|last1=Clarey|first1=Christopher}}</ref> Ein forehand den backhand be fast den powerful, wey ein forehand be hit plus significant topspin secof she dey employ an extreme western grip; on ein run to de title at de French Open insyd 2020, na Świątek ein average forehand speed be {{convert|73|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, only 4&nbsp;km/h below dat of de average male forehand speed. She even hit sam forehands up to {{convert|79|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw wey she be exceeded only by [[Jannik Sinner]] on de men's side. Ein forehand topspin reach 3,453 rpm at de French Open, comparable plus ein idol Rafael Nadal.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: Her topspin, a new high for women's tennis |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027020008/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |archive-date=27 October 2020 |access-date=5 December 2020 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> Świątek ein backhand speed peak at {{convert|76|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} at de French Open, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw, den equal to [[Dominic Thiem]] ein backhand speed, de fastest of any male player at de French Open.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mitchell |first1=Kevin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Simona Halep dumped out of French Open by Polish teenager Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207064659/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=7 December 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref name="WTA May 19, 2022">{{Cite web |title=WTA May 19, 2022 Inside the rise of Iga Swiatek: Blistering forehands and unmatched aggression |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230114113353/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |archive-date=14 January 2023 |access-date=14 January 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Considering ein dominance on clay, Świątek often be called de "Queen of Clay".<ref>{{cite web |date=23 May 2024 |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/queen-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-paris-2024-05-23/ |accessdate=29 May 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek annointed as the Queen of Clay at Roland-Garros |url=https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203724/https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |archive-date=25 July 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=National Bank Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530025450/https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |archive-date=30 May 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=SuperSport}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to cam to de net, wey she get good volleying skills secof ein doubles experience.<ref name="bounce">{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=4 October 2020 |title=Fresh Energy > Star Power: Iga Swiatek's and Martina Trevisan's Upsets |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022184203/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Świątek dey possess an accurate first serve, wey dey peak at {{convert|123|mph|km/h|abbr=on}},<ref>{{cite web |title=Infosys Match Centre, Roland Garros, 2024 |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606191535/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024}}</ref> den dey average at {{convert|108|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, wey dey allow am to serve aces, dictate play from de first stroke, den win a majority of first-serve points. She dey possess an effective kick serve, den an effective slice serve, wich be deployed as second serves, preventing opponents from scoring free points. Insyd earlier years of ein career, she regularly use de drop shot, wey she win de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year plus a cross-court drop shot from de baseline wey land on de sideline well insyd de service box.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Top-seeded Halep stunned by Swiatek, Nadal moves on |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008045258/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Xinhua Net}}</ref> Since de beginning of ein collaboration plus Tomasz Wiktorowski, she simplify ein game den currently very rarely dey employ dis shot.<ref>{{cite web |title=Navratilova's tips: How Swiatek, Sabalenka and Gauff can elevate their game |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303233920/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |archive-date=3 March 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to gain de advantage insyd a point by hitting de ball early on de rise.<ref name="bounce" /> Further strengths dey include ein exceptional speed, movement, den court coverage, detailed den intricate footwork, den intelligent point construction. Ein favourite surface be clay, having grown up playing on dat surface, although she get success on all surfaces.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McLean |first1=Ross |date=26 June 2019 |title=Swiatek: Winning Wimbledon Changed Everything |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031200935/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Ein clay court success be enhanced by ein ability to slide on de surface; as ein career progress, she sanso develop de ability to slide on hard den grass courts, too. [[File:Iga_Swiatek_serving_in_2023.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek about to serve]] === Bagels den Breadsticks === Over Świątek ein WTA career up til May 2024 an average of 40.6 percent of ein matches be included either a 6–0 (bagel) set anaa a 6–1 (breadstick) set. As a result, chaw start to use de term "Iga's Bakery" to describe dis.<ref name="Eccleshare">{{cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=24 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's (tennis) bagels: How the WTA world No 1 bakes her 6–0 sets |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526005341/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |archive-date=26 May 2024 |accessdate=26 May 2024 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> During de 2023 season she win a bagel set insyd 29 percent of ein matches dem compare plus an average of 11.4 per cent of matches for matches insyd wich na she no dey play.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> Ein closest bagel rivals be Coco Gauff den Jessica Pegula, both of whom score eight insyd 2023.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> As of July 2025, she dispense de rarer double bagel nine times insyd ein WTA career, three of wich cam during major tournaments (wich be against Xinyu Wang insyd de 2023 French Open, against [[Anastasia Potapova]] insyd de 2024 French Open, den against Amanda Anisimova insyd de 2025 Wimbledon final).<ref>{{cite web |last=Sutelan |first=Edward |date=7 June 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek bakery, explained: How tennis star's 'bagel & breadstick' dominance has led to meme |url=https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527050500/https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |archive-date=27 May 2024 |accessdate=27 May 2024 |website=Sporting News}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Aryna Sabalenka === Świątek den [[Aryna Sabalenka]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Aryna Sabalenka vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as having a potential to be counted among those wey shape de history of tennis.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Dema most laud match be de 2024 Madrid Open final insyd wich Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets after 3 hours den 11 minutes, sanso dey save three championship points insyd de process.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go end Świątek ein 26-match winning streak at de French Open by defeating am insyd de 2025 French Open semifinal 7–6(1), 4–6, 6–0.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Świątek den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 16 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 11–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Coco Gauff vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/326408 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema last four matches, three of wich be de 2024 WTA Finals, 2025 United Cup final, den again at de 2026 United Cup semifinal wey Gauff win.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2025 |title=Stars and stripes reign in Sydney as Gauff and Fritz clinch United Cup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114122427/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |archive-date=14 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-10 |title=Gauff bests Swiatek as United States vs. Poland semifinal heads to mixed doubles |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431917/coco-gauff-bests-iga-swiatek-as-united-states-vs-poland-united-cup-semifinal-heads-to-mixed-doubles |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dem play each oda three times at majors, plus all of dese matches wey Świątek win insyd straight sets: 2022 French Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2022 |title=How Iga Swiatek won the 2022 French Open – and why she could dominate for the foreseeable future |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133906/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> 2023 French Open quarterfinal,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek continues success vs. Coco Gauff, into French semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37811652/iga-swiatek-continues-success-vs-coco-gauff-french-semis |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> den 2024 French Open semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek overwhelms Coco Gauff to reach French Open final |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930122150/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> === Elena Rybakina === Świątek develop a prominent rivalry plus [[Elena Rybakina]]. De two meet 14 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–6 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Rybakina lead earlier insyd dema careers before Świątek begin to pull ahead. Swiatek defeat Rybakina to win win seventh WTA 1000 title at de 2024 Qatar TotalEnergies Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina cam back from a set down to snap a 4-match losing streak insyd 2025 WTA Finals insyd Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina san go defeat am at de 2026 Australian Open quarterfinals insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> === Jeļena Ostapenko === As of June 2025, [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] dey lead Iga Świątek 6–0 insyd dema head-to-head, wey dey make am de only active player to have an undefeated record against Świątek across multiple matches. Dema encounters span all surfaces, wey Ostapenko dey claim key wins at de 2023 US Open den de 2025 Stuttgart Open. Ein aggressive, na high-risk style consistently unsettle Świątek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=Why Can't Iga Swiatek Beat Jelena Ostapenko? |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/04/22/why-cant-iga-swiatek-beat-jelena-ostapenko/}}</ref> == Coaching team == Świątek ein primary coach insyd ein early junior years be Michał Kaznowski, wey she work plus up to de 2016 French Open.<ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Łuczak |first1=Maciej |date=23 August 2016 |title=Iga Świątek: nie będę drugą Agnieszką Radwańską |trans-title=Iga Świątek: I will not be the second Agnieszka Radwańska |url=https://sport.tvp.pl/26656263/iga-swiatek-nie-bede-druga-agnieszka-radwanska |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010062430/https://sport.tvp.pl/26656263/iga-swiatek-nie-bede-druga-agnieszka-radwanska |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=TVP Sport |language=pl}}</ref> Na Jolanta Rusin-Krzepota be ein physical preparation trainer for almost four years thru de end of de 2019 US Open.<ref>{{cite web |last=Krogulec |first=Michał |date=8 September 2019 |title="To Były Wspaniałe Lata". Iga Swiątek Kończy Współpracę |trans-title="Those Were Great Years." Iga Swiątek Ends The Cooperation |url=https://tenisklub.pl/aktualnosci/to-byly-wspaniale-lata-iga-swiatek-konczy-wspolprace/61988/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124142342/https://tenisklub.pl/aktualnosci/to-byly-wspaniale-lata-iga-swiatek-konczy-wspolprace/61988/ |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tenis Klub |language=pl}}</ref> Na Świątek be coached by Piotr Sierzputowski beginning insyd 2016.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Swiatek bored by practise but 'a beast' on court, says coach |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tennis-frenchopen-swiatek-coach/swiatek-bored-by-practise-but-a-beast-on-court-says-coach-idUSKBN26P0OP |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009013102/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tennis-frenchopen-swiatek-coach/swiatek-bored-by-practise-but-a-beast-on-court-says-coach-idUSKBN26P0OP |archive-date=9 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Reuters}}</ref> While Sierzputowski be ein coach, British former professional tennis player den former Polish Davis Cup coach [[Nick Brown (tennis)|Nick Brown]] sanso serve as a main consultant on occasion.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gębicz |first1=Bartosz |date=1 June 2019 |title=Piotr Sierzputowski: Mam Swój Pomysł Na Igę Swiątek |trans-title=Piotr Sierzputowski: I Have My Own Idea For Iga Swiątek |url=https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/roland-garros/piotr-sierzputowski-mam-swoj-pomysl-na-ige-swiatek/8rxqdr8 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608123332/https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/roland-garros/piotr-sierzputowski-mam-swoj-pomysl-na-ige-swiatek/8rxqdr8 |archive-date=8 June 2019 |access-date=7 October 2020 |website=Przeglad Sportowy |language=pl}}</ref> Świątek sanso dey work plus sports psychologist [[Daria Abramowicz]] den fitness trainer/physiologist Maciej Ryszczuk.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rossingh |first1=Danielle |date=3 October 2020 |title=Focused Swiatek is up for Halep challenge |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/focused-iga-swiatek-is-up-for-halep-challenge |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201006080645/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/focused-iga-swiatek-is-up-for-halep-challenge |archive-date=6 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Roland Garros}}</ref><ref name="WTA201005">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=5 October 2020 |title=How Swiatek's sports psychologist honed her mental game |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1856382/how-swiatek-s-sports-psychologist-honed-her-mental-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010173223/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1856382/how-swiatek-s-sports-psychologist-honed-her-mental-game |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="NYT210207">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-sports-psychology.html|title=The Brain Within the Brain of a Rising Tennis Queen|first=Matthew|last=Futterman|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=7 February 2021|access-date=7 February 2021|archive-date=7 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207173428/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-sports-psychology.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Warzecha |first=Sebastian |date=6 June 2022 |title=Poznajcie współtwórcę sukcesów Igi Świątek. Sylwetka Macieja Ryszczuka |trans-title=Meet the co-creator of Iga Świątek's successes ... |url=https://weszlo.com/2022/06/06/maciej-ryszczuk-swiatek-sylwetka |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103002426/https://weszlo.com/2022/06/06/maciej-ryszczuk-swiatek-sylwetka |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=2 January 2023 |work=Weszło |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd December 2021, Świątek announce say na she dey split from Sierzputowski after nearly six years working togeda. She wrep, "''This change is really challenging for me, and this decision wasn't easy, either''". Na Świątek hire Sierzputowski wen na she be 15 den still dey play insyd junior tournaments.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 December 2021 |title=2020 French Open champ Iga Swiatek splits from longtime coach |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/32786717/2020-french-open-champ-iga-swiatek-splits-long-coach |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204214854/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/32786717/2020-french-open-champ-iga-swiatek-splits-long-coach |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=4 December 2021 |website=Espn.com}}</ref> From de end of 2021 til October 2024, she be coached by [[Tomasz Wiktorowski]],<ref name="coach">{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Coach's Corner: No. 1 Iga Swiatek parts ways with coach Tomasz Wiktorowski, withdraws from Wuhan |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/no-1-iga-swiatek-parts-ways-with-coach-tomasz-wiktorowski-after-3-trophy-laden-years-together |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004134157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/no-1-iga-swiatek-parts-ways-with-coach-tomasz-wiktorowski-after-3-trophy-laden-years-together |archive-date=4 October 2024 |access-date=5 October 2024 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> wey sanso previously work plus [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{cite web |date=4 December 2021 |title=Dawid Olejniczak o rozstaniu Igi Świątek z Piotrem Sierzputowskim: Rzadko trener nie jest na pierwszym planie |url=https://www.polsatsport.pl/wiadomosc/2021-12-04/dawid-olejniczak-o-rozstaniu-igi-swiatek-z-piotrem-sierzputowskim-rzadko-trener-nie-jest-na-pierwszym-planie/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204161439/https://www.polsatsport.pl/wiadomosc/2021-12-04/dawid-olejniczak-o-rozstaniu-igi-swiatek-z-piotrem-sierzputowskim-rzadko-trener-nie-jest-na-pierwszym-planie/ |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=3 February 2022 |work=Polsat Sport}}</ref> Insyd October 2024 na e be announced say she part ways plus Wiktorowski,<ref name="coach" /><ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Swiatek splits with coach Wiktorowski |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c9wk7j7q0wro |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004083730/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c9wk7j7q0wro |archive-date=4 October 2024 |accessdate=4 October 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> appointing [[Wim Fissette]] as ein replacement later dat month.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 October 2024 |title=Swiatek appoints Osaka's former coach Fissette |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4g5d725yvgo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113020856/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4g5d725yvgo |archive-date=13 November 2024 |accessdate=17 October 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Insyd an Instagram post on 23 March 2026, days after ein streak of 73 consecutive opening round wins end at de Miami Open, Swiatek announce she den Fissette part ways.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek releases statement on Instagram as she announces split with her coach |url=https://www.thetennisgazette.com/news/iga-swiatek-releases-statement-on-instagram-as-she-announces-split-with-her-coach/ |accessdate=23 March 2026 |publisher=The Tennis Gazette}}</ref> On April 2, 2026, Świątek announce say [[Francisco Roig]], a longtime [[Rafael Nadal]] coach, join ein team.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek hires longtime Nadal coach Francisco Roig, begins reset on clay |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-hires-new-coach-francisco-roig-trains-rafael-nadal-academy-after-miami/ |accessdate=29 May 2026 |publisher=Tennis Channel}}</ref> == Endorsements == Świątek now be sponsored by de Roger Federer-backed Swiss company ''On'' for clothing den shoes, as of 20 March 2023, wey she cam be de first female tennis player to be sponsored by ''On''.<ref>{{cite web |title=How Federer helped shape Swiatek apparel deal with on |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3119240/how-federer-helped-shape-swiatek-apparel-deal-with-on |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324123127/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3119240/how-federer-helped-shape-swiatek-apparel-deal-with-on |archive-date=24 March 2023 |access-date=24 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She be sponsored by Asics for clothing den shoes since de start of 2020. She previously be sponsored by Nike.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 January 2020 |title=Two more breakups with Nike: Caroline Garcia, Iga Swiatek join the Asics team |url=https://womenstennisblog.com/2020/01/05/garcia-swiatek-join-asics/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001044759/https://womenstennisblog.com/2020/01/05/garcia-swiatek-join-asics/ |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Women's Tennis Blog}}</ref> Świątek sanso be previously endorsed by de Red Bull energy drink company, de Chinese tech giant Xiaomi<ref>{{cite web |date=27 February 2021 |title=Iga Świątek ambasadorką chińskiego potentata wartego 100 mld dol. Może być nośnikiem nowej wizji świata |url=https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-ambasadorka-chinskiego-giganta-xiaomi/4rmkjx2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419003634/https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-ambasadorka-chinskiego-giganta-xiaomi/4rmkjx2 |archive-date=19 April 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021 |work=Przegląd Sportowy |language=pl}}</ref> den de Lexus division of de Toyota automaker company, de latter of wich sanso be sponsored fellow Polish tennis player [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Świątek |url=https://www.redbull.com/int-en/athlete/iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012183531/https://www.redbull.com/int-en/athlete/iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=10 October 2020 |website=Red Bull}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 October 2020 |title=Iga Świątek – jakie auto ma polska tenisistka? Nie może nim jeszcze sama jeździć |trans-title=What car does Iga Świątek have? She can't drive it herself yet |url=https://www.auto-swiat.pl/wiadomosci/aktualnosci/iga-swiatek-jakie-auto-ma-polska-tenisistka-nie-moze-nim-jeszcze-sama-jezdzic/bcz6jvb |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008065944/https://www.auto-swiat.pl/wiadomosci/aktualnosci/iga-swiatek-jakie-auto-ma-polska-tenisistka-nie-moze-nim-jeszcze-sama-jezdzic/bcz6jvb |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Auto Świat |language=pl}}</ref> From February 2021 til January 2024 ein main partner be Poland ein biggest insurance company PZU.<ref>{{cite web |title=PZU oficjalnym partnerem Igi Świątek |url=https://agentpzu.pl/aktualnosc/pzu-oficjalnym-partnerem-igi-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215304/https://agentpzu.pl/aktualnosc/pzu-oficjalnym-partnerem-igi-swiatek |archive-date=2 June 2021 |access-date=1 June 2021 |language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Świątek bez logo PZU. Koniec współpracy z największym sponsorem |url=https://www.rp.pl/biznes/art39645961-iga-swiatek-bez-logo-pzu-koniec-wspolpracy-z-najwiekszym-sponsorem |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203729/https://www.rp.pl/biznes/art39645961-iga-swiatek-bez-logo-pzu-koniec-wspolpracy-z-najwiekszym-sponsorem |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=20 May 2024 |work=Rzeczpospolita |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd 2021, Świątek sign an endorsement deal plus Tecnifibre for racquets; she previously use a Prince Textreme 100 Tour racquet, although na she no be under contract plus de company. To celebrate de victory at de 2022 French Open plus a Tecnifibre racquet den to recognise de female athlete, de company change ein marketing name to Swiateknifibre den ein trademark to de colours white den red for seven days. Na e be de first women's major title for dis manufacturer.<ref>{{cite tweet|number=1533099869212114950|user=tecnifibre|title=Hey @iga_swiatek , seems like #TecnifibreFamily has a message for you 😁 IGA IGA IGA!!}}</ref> Świątek ein poppie sanso confirm say na she sanso sign a contract plus Rolex insyd 2021. After winning ein third major title at de 2022 US Open, Świątek part ways plus ein long-term manager, wey she begin to be represented by IMG plus agent Max Eisenbud.<ref>{{cite web |last=Bouchard |first=Carole |date=8 February 2023 |title=Swiatek on business and bold choices: 'I want to use my impact well in a way that is healthy for me' |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/swiatek-on-business-and-bold-choices-i-want-to-use-my-impact-well-in-a-way-that-is-healthy-for-me-659319.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318182909/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/swiatek-on-business-and-bold-choices-i-want-to-use-my-impact-well-in-a-way-that-is-healthy-for-me-659319.html |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> Insyd 2023, Świątek announce say she cam be a global ambassador give de Polish sports drink Oshee.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mesic |first1=Dzevad |date=8 February 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes new global ambassador of OSHEE sports drink |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/128130/iga-swiatek-becomes-new-global-ambassador-of-oshee-sports-drink-/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209232752/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/128130/iga-swiatek-becomes-new-global-ambassador-of-oshee-sports-drink-/ |archive-date=9 February 2023 |access-date=8 February 2023 |work=Tennis World USA}}</ref> She sanso go release a collaboration line plus de brand, wey dey include ein own drink flavour den bottle design. On 26 June 2023, Swiatek announce ein partnership plus Porsche.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 June 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek to become "Porsche Friend" in Poland |url=https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2023/sports-society/porsche-tennis-iga-swiatek-porsche-friend-poland-32891.html/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701192937/https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2023/sports-society/porsche-tennis-iga-swiatek-porsche-friend-poland-32891.html |archive-date=1 July 2023 |access-date=25 August 2023 |work=Porsche Newsroom}}</ref> Insyd August 2023, Swiatek cam be a global ambassador of VISA.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 August 2023 |title=Tennis World Champion Iga Swiatek Joins Team Visa as Newest Global Brand Ambassador |url=https://investor.visa.com/news/news-details/2023/Tennis-World-Champion-Iga-Swiatek-Joins-Team-Visa-as-Newest-Global-Brand-Ambassador/default.aspx/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930131200/https://investor.visa.com/news/news-details/2023/Tennis-World-Champion-Iga-Swiatek-Joins-Team-Visa-as-Newest-Global-Brand-Ambassador/default.aspx |archive-date=30 September 2023}}</ref> On 25 August 2023, Infosys announce Swiatek as dema global brand ambassador alongside [[Rafael Nadal]].<ref>{{cite web |date=25 August 2023 |title=Infosys welcomes tennis world No. 1 Iga Świątek as Global Brand ambassador |url=https://www.infosys.com/newsroom/press-releases/2023/iga-swiatek-brand-ambassador.html/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904074134/https://www.infosys.com/newsroom/press-releases/2023/iga-swiatek-brand-ambassador.html |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=25 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd April 2024, Świątek cam be de brand ambassador of Lancôme.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 April 2024 |title=Swiatek makes history with Lancôme sponsorship |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3970124/swiatek-makes-history-with-lanc-me-sponsorship |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420074152/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3970124/swiatek-makes-history-with-lanc-me-sponsorship |archive-date=20 April 2024 |access-date=20 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> kez5de69v1b2ukq3ivnoha66f1p216a 112428 112427 2026-09-24T23:08:29Z DaSupremo 9 Removed a duplicated section 112428 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iga Natalia Świątek''' (born 31 May 2001) be a Polish professional tennis player. Dem currently rank am world No. 9 insyd women's singles by de WTA, she hold de world No. 1 ranking for a total of 125 weeks, seventh-most of all-time. Świątek win 26 WTA Tour–level singles titles, wey dey include six major titles: four at de French Open, one at Wimbledon, den one at de US Open. She sanso win de 2023 WTA Finals den twelve WTA 1000 events. Świątek be de first Pole to win a major singles title. As a junior, na Świątek be de 2018 French Open girls' doubles champion alongside [[Caty McNally]] den de 2018 Wimbledon girls' singles champion. She begin dey play regularly on de WTA Tour insyd 2019, wey sje enter de top 50 at 18 years old after ein first Tour final den a fourth-round appearance at de 2019 French Open. Insyd 2020, Świątek win ein first major at de French Open insyd dominant fashion, losing no more dan five games insyd any singles match. She enter de top ten of de WTA rankings for de first time insyd May 2021. Insyd early 2022, Świątek surge into dominance plus a 37-match winning streak, de longest on de WTA Tour insyd de 21st century, becoming world No. 1 insyd de process. Plus major titles at de French den US Opens, she fini 2022 as de world ein best player. She repeat de year-end No. 1 feat insyd 2023 by defending ein French Open title wey she claim de WTA Finals, wey she win de French Open for a third straight edition insyd 2024. Świątek win ein first grass court title at de 2025 Wimbledon Championships. She claim de French Open title at four of ein eight appearances at de tournament, she never loose a match before de fourth round. Insyd 2025 na dem suspend Świątek for one month for a drug found insyd contaminated sleep medication. Świątek get an all-court playing style. She win de WTA Fan Favorite Shot of the Year insyd 2019 plus a drop shot from de baseline, wey na dem vote am WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year insyd 2020. Insyd 2023, na dem name am ''L'Équipe'' Champion of Champions den Polish Sports Personality of de Year wey dem include am on ''Time'' ein annual list of de 100 most influential people insyd de world. == Early life den background == Dem born Świątek on 31 May 2001 insyd Warsaw to Dorota den [[Tomasz Świątek]]. Ein poppie be a former rower wey compete insyd de men's quadruple sculls event at de 1988 Seoul Olympics,<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref> while ein mother be an orthodontist. She get a sisto, Agata, wey be about three years older wey be a dentist.<ref name="parents">{{cite web |date=10 October 2020 |title=Iga Świątek Matka Ojciec: Kim są rodzice Igi Świątek? Ojciec i matka Igi Świątek |trans-title=Iga Świątek Mother Father: Who are Iga Świątek's parents? Father and mother of Iga Świątek |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013200927/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |archive-date=13 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=[[Super Express (newspaper)|Super Express]] |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem poppie wan ein daughters to become competitive athletes wey he prefer dem take up an individual sport rada dan a team sport to have better control of dema chances of success. Agata start out as a swimmer buh she switch to tennis. She briefly compete on de ITF Junior Circuit insyd 2013 at about 15 years old, buh na she stop dey play secof injuries.<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="father-interview">{{cite web |last1=Chojecki |first1=Michał |date=21 July 2018 |title=Tomasz Świątek, ojciec mistrzyni juniorskiego Wimbledonu: Iga sama dobrze wie, czego chce |trans-title=Tomasz Świątek, father of the Wimbledon junior champion: Iga knows exactly what she wants |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008140827/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Super Express |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="agata">{{cite web |title=Agata Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010155634/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek follow ein sisto into tennis secof na she wan to beat am den sanso secof na she wan to be more like am. Świątek train at Mera Warsaw as a 14-year-old before later she move go Legia Warsaw.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |last1=Ciastoń |first1=Jakub |date=26 August 2015 |title=Najmłodsza, najlepsza, Iga! 14-latka z Raszyna ograła na kortach Legii starsze od siebie tenisistki |trans-title=The youngest, the best, Iga! The 14-year-old from Raszyn outplayed the older tennis players on the Legia courts |url=https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811151514/https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |archive-date=11 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Sport.pl |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref> == Junior years == [[File:Iga_Swiatek_–_Wimbledon_junior_champion_2018_(50497948673)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Świątek plus de 2018 Wimbledon junior champion's trophy]] Świątek reach a career-high ranking of No. 5 as a junior player. She begin dey compete insyd ITF Junior Circuit events insyd 2015 wey she win back-to-back low-level Grade 4 titles insyd April den May at age 13. Before de end of de year, she move up to Grade 2 events wey she fini runner-up insyd both singles den doubles at de Czech Junior Open. Świątek make ein junior Grand Slam tournament debut insyd 2016 at de French Open, reaching de quarterfinals insyd both singles den doubles. She follow dis up plus ein best junior title to date at de Grade 1 Canadian Open Junior Championships, defeating [[Olga Danilović]] insyd de final.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Na Świątek get a strong first half of 2017. She win both de singles den doubles titles at de Grade 1 Traralgon Junior International. Although she loose ein opening round match at de Australian Open, she partner plus compatriot [[Maja Chwalińska]] to make ein first final insyd a major tournament, finishing runner-up insyd doubles to de North American team of [[Bianca Andreescu]] den [[Carson Branstine]].<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She then reach ein first Grade A singles final at de Trofeo Bonfiglio, losing to [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=28 May 2017 |title=Popyrin e Rybakina vincono il Trofeo Bonfiglio 2017 |trans-title=Popyrin and Rybakina win the Bonfiglio Trophy 2017 |url=https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216231303/https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |archive-date=16 December 2021 |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=Spazio Tennis |language=it}}</ref> Ein season cam to an end after anoda quarterfinal at de French Open,<ref name="itf-junior-singles" /><ref name="itf-junior-doubles" /> after wich na she get right ankle surgery wey keep am out for seven months.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Attar |first1=Jabbar |title=Iga Swiatek Beats Elena Rybakina في مجموعات متتالية للوصول إلى ربع النهائي في الدوحة |url=https://albait.me/2025/02/13/%d9%82%d8%b7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad-iga-swiatek-beats-elena-rybakina-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9/ |access-date=13 February 2025 |website=مجلة البيت}}</ref> Despite competing insyd only two Grand Slam tournaments insyd 2018 den three singles events in total, Świątek fini ein junior career plus ein best season.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She return to de junior tour at de French Open after a one-year absence wey she reach de semi-finals insyd singles, losing to [[Caty McNally]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=8 June 2020 |title=My Article on Amber O'Dell's Commitment to Virginia; McNally and Gauff to Play for French Open Girls Titles; Three Americans Advance to Bethany Beach $25K Semifinals |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> She fare better insyd doubles, dey partner plus McNally to win ein first junior major title. Dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato insyd de final.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Świątek play only singles at Wimbledon. As an unseeded player secof ein absence, na dem draw am against top seed [[Whitney Osuigwe]] insyd de first round. After winning dat match insyd three sets,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Takes Out Top Seed Osuigwe; Roehampton Champions Roll On as First Round of Wimbledon Junior Championships Completed |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007183740/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |archive-date=7 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> na she no drop anoda set during de rest of de tournament wey she win de championship for ein only junior major singles title. She defeat [[Leonie Küng]] insyd de final.<ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Claims Wimbledon Girls Title; McNally and Osuigwe Meet Royalty, Advance to Girls Doubles Final for Second Straight Year |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 July 2018 |title=Swiatek ready for 'next step' after junior Wimbledon win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130181204/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |archive-date=30 November 2024 |accessdate=24 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek then team up plus de Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to compete insyd de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. Dem reach de final wey dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato. She then fini ein junior career.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2020 |title=Swiatek Did Not Appear by Magic, But Is Rooted in the ITF Pathway |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070348/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=International Tennis Federation}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == National representation == === Junior competitions === [[File:Kaja_Juvan_and_Iga_Swiatek_02.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek ''(left)'' den [[Kaja Juvan]], de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics gold medallists insyd girls' doubles]] Świątek represent Poland at de ITF World Junior Tennis Finals for 14-and-under girls twice insyd 2014 den 2015. She win all of ein matches insyd 2014 to lead Poland to a ninth-place finish out of 16 teams. De following year, she help Poland go undefeated insyd de round-robin stage to reach de semi-finals.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek move up to de 16-and-under Junior Fed Cup insyd 2016, wer she play alongside [[Maja Chwalińska]] den Stefania Rogozińska-Dzik. Poland win de title, defeating de United States 2–1 insyd de final. Świątek win both of ein rubbers insyd de final tie, defeating [[Amanda Anisimova]] insyd singles before partnering plus Chwalińska to defeat [[Caty McNally]] den [[Claire Liu]] insyd de decisive doubles rubber.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=2 October 2016 |title=US Girls Fall to Poland in Junior Fed Cup Final, Russia Claims Junior Davis Cup; Collins, Coopersmith Win USTA Pro Circuit Titles |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008081359/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Na de last event of Świątek ein junior career be de 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games. Although she loose insyd de quarterfinals insyd singles to [[Clara Burel]],<ref>{{cite web |date=12 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: "I always dreamed of the Olympics! |url=https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029003926/https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Olympics}}</ref> she partner plus Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to win de gold medal insyd doubles. Insyd de final dem defeat Naito den Sato, weu na dem sanso be Świątek ein opponents insyd de French Open doubles final earlier insyd de year.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 October 2018 |title=Gold for Poland at Youth Olympics |url=http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008061401/http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=Radio Poland}}</ref> === Billie Jean King Cup === Świątek make ein senior Billie Jean King Cup debut insyd 2018 wen na Poland dey insyd Europe/Africa Zone Group I. To advance out of dis group, Poland need to win dema round-robin group, a play-off tie against one of de oda round-robin group winners, den then anoda play-off tie as part of de separate World Group II Play-off round. Na dem no win dema round-robin group insyd 2018 anaa 2019. Świątek win ein only singles match insyd 2018. While she win only one of ein three singles matches insyd 2019, she win both of ein doubles rubbers while partnering plus [[Alicja Rosolska]]. De following year, na de format be changed so say Poland need to finish insyd only de top two out of three teams insyd dema round-robin group to reach de promotional play-off. Nonetheless, dem win dema group wey dem defeat Sweden 2–0 insyd de play-off to advance to de separate Play-off round. Świątek win all three of ein singles matches insyd de 2020 Europe/Africa Zone Group I round,<ref name="bjk-cup" /> before skipping de Play-offs demaselves.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fink |first=Nikolaus |date=18 March 2021 |title=Iga Swiatek – Yes to the Olympics, No to the Billie Jean King Cup |url=https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165039/https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=Tennisnet}}</ref> Na de following edition insyd 2022 get Poland facing Romania insyd de qualifying round, wey Świątek win ein two games to help de team move on to de Finals.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 April 2022 |title=Swiatek steers Poland into Billie Jean King Cup finals; Czechs outlast Brits |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165037/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> However, na she no attend de finals secof de decisive round started very soon after de 2022 WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|title=Iga Swiatek out of Billie Jean King Cup, saying scheduling is 'not safe'|publisher=Associated Press|date=3 October 2022|access-date=17 November 2022|archive-date=17 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165038/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|url-status=live}}</ref> De rib injury Świątek encounter shortly after exiting de 2023 Indian Wells Open sanso cause am to miss Poland ein 2023 Billie Jean King cup qualifier against Kazakhstan insyd Astana.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 March 2023 |title=Defending champion Swiatek withdraws from Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322145829/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |archive-date=22 March 2023 |access-date=22 March 2023}}</ref> Overall, Świątek get a 9–3 record at de Fed Cup, wey dey comprise 7–2 insyd singles den 2–1 insyd doubles.<ref name="bjk-cup">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Poland |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511092308/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Billie Jean King Cup}}</ref> Insyd 2024, Świątek participate insyd a match against Switzerland winning two matches insyd singles den dey contribute to Poland ein 4–0 win, wich secure de country ein place insyd November ein Finals insyd Seville for a third consecutive year.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Kate |date=13 April 2024 |title=Switzerland 0–4 Poland: Swiatek seals deal to send Poles into Finals |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416211410/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |archive-date=16 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=billiejeankingcup.com}}</ref> Świątek help Poland reach de semifinals of de 2024 BJK Cup plus wins insyd singles den insyd doubles partnering compatriot [[Katarzyna Kawa]] over Czechia.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek leads Poland to first BJK Cup semifinal with singles and doubles wins over Czech team |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-leads-poland-first-bjk-cup-semifinal-singles-doubles-wins-czech-team}}</ref> Na e be de first semifinals insyd de BJK Cup Finals insyd dema nation ein history.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Swiatek wins in singles and doubles as Poland moves into BJK Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241117012027/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |archive-date=17 November 2024 |access-date=17 November 2024}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Aryna Sabalenka === Świątek den [[Aryna Sabalenka]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Aryna Sabalenka vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as having a potential to be counted among those wey shape de history of tennis.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Dema most laud match be de 2024 Madrid Open final insyd wich Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets after 3 hours den 11 minutes, sanso dey save three championship points insyd de process.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go end Świątek ein 26-match winning streak at de French Open by defeating am insyd de 2025 French Open semifinal 7–6(1), 4–6, 6–0.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Świątek den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 16 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 11–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Coco Gauff vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/326408 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema last four matches, three of wich be de 2024 WTA Finals, 2025 United Cup final, den again at de 2026 United Cup semifinal wey Gauff win.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2025 |title=Stars and stripes reign in Sydney as Gauff and Fritz clinch United Cup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114122427/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |archive-date=14 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-10 |title=Gauff bests Swiatek as United States vs. Poland semifinal heads to mixed doubles |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431917/coco-gauff-bests-iga-swiatek-as-united-states-vs-poland-united-cup-semifinal-heads-to-mixed-doubles |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dem play each oda three times at majors, plus all of dese matches wey Świątek win insyd straight sets: 2022 French Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2022 |title=How Iga Swiatek won the 2022 French Open – and why she could dominate for the foreseeable future |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133906/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> 2023 French Open quarterfinal,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek continues success vs. Coco Gauff, into French semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37811652/iga-swiatek-continues-success-vs-coco-gauff-french-semis |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> den 2024 French Open semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek overwhelms Coco Gauff to reach French Open final |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930122150/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> === Elena Rybakina === Świątek develop a prominent rivalry plus [[Elena Rybakina]]. De two meet 14 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–6 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Rybakina lead earlier insyd dema careers before Świątek begin to pull ahead. Swiatek defeat Rybakina to win win seventh WTA 1000 title at de 2024 Qatar TotalEnergies Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina cam back from a set down to snap a 4-match losing streak insyd 2025 WTA Finals insyd Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina san go defeat am at de 2026 Australian Open quarterfinals insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> === Jeļena Ostapenko === As of June 2025, [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] dey lead Iga Świątek 6–0 insyd dema head-to-head, wey dey make am de only active player to have an undefeated record against Świątek across multiple matches. Dema encounters span all surfaces, wey Ostapenko dey claim key wins at de 2023 US Open den de 2025 Stuttgart Open. Ein aggressive, na high-risk style consistently unsettle Świątek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=Why Can't Iga Swiatek Beat Jelena Ostapenko? |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/04/22/why-cant-iga-swiatek-beat-jelena-ostapenko/}}</ref> == Playing style == [[File:Swiatek_backhand_2023_US_Open.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a backhand at de 2023 US Open]] Świątek get an aggressive, all-court style of play den dey incorporate a lot of variety into ein game. Secof ein game style be focused on offence, she typically dey generate high amounts of both winners den unforced errors.<ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="all-court">{{cite web |last1=Chiesa |first1=Victoria |date=19 August 2020 |title=Next Up: Opportunity knocks for Iga Swiatek at 2020 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200830062949/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |archive-date=30 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=US Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Abid |first1=Musab |date=27 January 2020 |title=Australian Open 2020: Poland's Iga Swiatek shows off her full potential as she goes down swinging to Anett Kontaveit |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008152938/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=First Post}}</ref> She describe ein style of play on clay as "a big serve, topspin, den backhand down de line".<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Despite ein aggressive style of play, she dey play plus margin, den dey construct points carefully til she dey create an opportunity to hit a winner, den insyd all seven of ein matches she play at de 2020 French Open, she hit more winners dan unforced errors. In total at de French Open dat year, she hit 175 winners to 127 unforced errors. Na de basis of Świątek ein game be described by tennis journalist [[Christopher Clarey]] for ''The New York Times'' as: ein sliding ability, wey dey allow am to defend from de corners ''à la'' [[Kim Clijsters]] den [[Novak Djokovic]], a "sprinter's speed" wen moving forward to de net, power den topspin akin to ein idol [[Rafael Nadal]], den mental strength forge thru sports psychology.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|title=Iga Swiatek, U.S. Open Winner, is Ready for Global Stardom|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=11 September 2022|access-date=11 September 2022|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911003108/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|url-status=live|last1=Clarey|first1=Christopher}}</ref> Ein forehand den backhand be fast den powerful, wey ein forehand be hit plus significant topspin secof she dey employ an extreme western grip; on ein run to de title at de French Open insyd 2020, na Świątek ein average forehand speed be {{convert|73|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, only 4&nbsp;km/h below dat of de average male forehand speed. She even hit sam forehands up to {{convert|79|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw wey she be exceeded only by [[Jannik Sinner]] on de men's side. Ein forehand topspin reach 3,453 rpm at de French Open, comparable plus ein idol Rafael Nadal.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: Her topspin, a new high for women's tennis |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027020008/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |archive-date=27 October 2020 |access-date=5 December 2020 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> Świątek ein backhand speed peak at {{convert|76|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} at de French Open, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw, den equal to [[Dominic Thiem]] ein backhand speed, de fastest of any male player at de French Open.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mitchell |first1=Kevin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Simona Halep dumped out of French Open by Polish teenager Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207064659/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=7 December 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref name="WTA May 19, 2022">{{Cite web |title=WTA May 19, 2022 Inside the rise of Iga Swiatek: Blistering forehands and unmatched aggression |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230114113353/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |archive-date=14 January 2023 |access-date=14 January 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Considering ein dominance on clay, Świątek often be called de "Queen of Clay".<ref>{{cite web |date=23 May 2024 |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/queen-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-paris-2024-05-23/ |accessdate=29 May 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek annointed as the Queen of Clay at Roland-Garros |url=https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203724/https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |archive-date=25 July 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=National Bank Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530025450/https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |archive-date=30 May 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=SuperSport}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to cam to de net, wey she get good volleying skills secof ein doubles experience.<ref name="bounce">{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=4 October 2020 |title=Fresh Energy > Star Power: Iga Swiatek's and Martina Trevisan's Upsets |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022184203/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Świątek dey possess an accurate first serve, wey dey peak at {{convert|123|mph|km/h|abbr=on}},<ref>{{cite web |title=Infosys Match Centre, Roland Garros, 2024 |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606191535/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024}}</ref> den dey average at {{convert|108|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, wey dey allow am to serve aces, dictate play from de first stroke, den win a majority of first-serve points. She dey possess an effective kick serve, den an effective slice serve, wich be deployed as second serves, preventing opponents from scoring free points. Insyd earlier years of ein career, she regularly use de drop shot, wey she win de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year plus a cross-court drop shot from de baseline wey land on de sideline well insyd de service box.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Top-seeded Halep stunned by Swiatek, Nadal moves on |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008045258/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Xinhua Net}}</ref> Since de beginning of ein collaboration plus Tomasz Wiktorowski, she simplify ein game den currently very rarely dey employ dis shot.<ref>{{cite web |title=Navratilova's tips: How Swiatek, Sabalenka and Gauff can elevate their game |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303233920/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |archive-date=3 March 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to gain de advantage insyd a point by hitting de ball early on de rise.<ref name="bounce" /> Further strengths dey include ein exceptional speed, movement, den court coverage, detailed den intricate footwork, den intelligent point construction. Ein favourite surface be clay, having grown up playing on dat surface, although she get success on all surfaces.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McLean |first1=Ross |date=26 June 2019 |title=Swiatek: Winning Wimbledon Changed Everything |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031200935/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Ein clay court success be enhanced by ein ability to slide on de surface; as ein career progress, she sanso develop de ability to slide on hard den grass courts, too. [[File:Iga_Swiatek_serving_in_2023.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek about to serve]] === Bagels den Breadsticks === Over Świątek ein WTA career up til May 2024 an average of 40.6 percent of ein matches be included either a 6–0 (bagel) set anaa a 6–1 (breadstick) set. As a result, chaw start to use de term "Iga's Bakery" to describe dis.<ref name="Eccleshare">{{cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=24 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's (tennis) bagels: How the WTA world No 1 bakes her 6–0 sets |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526005341/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |archive-date=26 May 2024 |accessdate=26 May 2024 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> During de 2023 season she win a bagel set insyd 29 percent of ein matches dem compare plus an average of 11.4 per cent of matches for matches insyd wich na she no dey play.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> Ein closest bagel rivals be Coco Gauff den Jessica Pegula, both of whom score eight insyd 2023.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> As of July 2025, she dispense de rarer double bagel nine times insyd ein WTA career, three of wich cam during major tournaments (wich be against Xinyu Wang insyd de 2023 French Open, against [[Anastasia Potapova]] insyd de 2024 French Open, den against Amanda Anisimova insyd de 2025 Wimbledon final).<ref>{{cite web |last=Sutelan |first=Edward |date=7 June 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek bakery, explained: How tennis star's 'bagel & breadstick' dominance has led to meme |url=https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527050500/https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |archive-date=27 May 2024 |accessdate=27 May 2024 |website=Sporting News}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Aryna Sabalenka === Świątek den [[Aryna Sabalenka]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Aryna Sabalenka vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as having a potential to be counted among those wey shape de history of tennis.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Dema most laud match be de 2024 Madrid Open final insyd wich Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets after 3 hours den 11 minutes, sanso dey save three championship points insyd de process.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go end Świątek ein 26-match winning streak at de French Open by defeating am insyd de 2025 French Open semifinal 7–6(1), 4–6, 6–0.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Świątek den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 16 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 11–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Coco Gauff vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/326408 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema last four matches, three of wich be de 2024 WTA Finals, 2025 United Cup final, den again at de 2026 United Cup semifinal wey Gauff win.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2025 |title=Stars and stripes reign in Sydney as Gauff and Fritz clinch United Cup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114122427/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |archive-date=14 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-10 |title=Gauff bests Swiatek as United States vs. Poland semifinal heads to mixed doubles |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431917/coco-gauff-bests-iga-swiatek-as-united-states-vs-poland-united-cup-semifinal-heads-to-mixed-doubles |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dem play each oda three times at majors, plus all of dese matches wey Świątek win insyd straight sets: 2022 French Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2022 |title=How Iga Swiatek won the 2022 French Open – and why she could dominate for the foreseeable future |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133906/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> 2023 French Open quarterfinal,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek continues success vs. Coco Gauff, into French semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37811652/iga-swiatek-continues-success-vs-coco-gauff-french-semis |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> den 2024 French Open semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek overwhelms Coco Gauff to reach French Open final |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930122150/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> === Elena Rybakina === Świątek develop a prominent rivalry plus [[Elena Rybakina]]. De two meet 14 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–6 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Rybakina lead earlier insyd dema careers before Świątek begin to pull ahead. Swiatek defeat Rybakina to win win seventh WTA 1000 title at de 2024 Qatar TotalEnergies Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina cam back from a set down to snap a 4-match losing streak insyd 2025 WTA Finals insyd Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina san go defeat am at de 2026 Australian Open quarterfinals insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> === Jeļena Ostapenko === As of June 2025, [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] dey lead Iga Świątek 6–0 insyd dema head-to-head, wey dey make am de only active player to have an undefeated record against Świątek across multiple matches. Dema encounters span all surfaces, wey Ostapenko dey claim key wins at de 2023 US Open den de 2025 Stuttgart Open. Ein aggressive, na high-risk style consistently unsettle Świątek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=Why Can't Iga Swiatek Beat Jelena Ostapenko? |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/04/22/why-cant-iga-swiatek-beat-jelena-ostapenko/}}</ref> == Coaching team == Świątek ein primary coach insyd ein early junior years be Michał Kaznowski, wey she work plus up to de 2016 French Open.<ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Łuczak |first1=Maciej |date=23 August 2016 |title=Iga Świątek: nie będę drugą Agnieszką Radwańską |trans-title=Iga Świątek: I will not be the second Agnieszka Radwańska |url=https://sport.tvp.pl/26656263/iga-swiatek-nie-bede-druga-agnieszka-radwanska |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010062430/https://sport.tvp.pl/26656263/iga-swiatek-nie-bede-druga-agnieszka-radwanska |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=TVP Sport |language=pl}}</ref> Na Jolanta Rusin-Krzepota be ein physical preparation trainer for almost four years thru de end of de 2019 US Open.<ref>{{cite web |last=Krogulec |first=Michał |date=8 September 2019 |title="To Były Wspaniałe Lata". Iga Swiątek Kończy Współpracę |trans-title="Those Were Great Years." Iga Swiątek Ends The Cooperation |url=https://tenisklub.pl/aktualnosci/to-byly-wspaniale-lata-iga-swiatek-konczy-wspolprace/61988/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124142342/https://tenisklub.pl/aktualnosci/to-byly-wspaniale-lata-iga-swiatek-konczy-wspolprace/61988/ |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tenis Klub |language=pl}}</ref> Na Świątek be coached by Piotr Sierzputowski beginning insyd 2016.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Swiatek bored by practise but 'a beast' on court, says coach |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tennis-frenchopen-swiatek-coach/swiatek-bored-by-practise-but-a-beast-on-court-says-coach-idUSKBN26P0OP |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009013102/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tennis-frenchopen-swiatek-coach/swiatek-bored-by-practise-but-a-beast-on-court-says-coach-idUSKBN26P0OP |archive-date=9 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Reuters}}</ref> While Sierzputowski be ein coach, British former professional tennis player den former Polish Davis Cup coach [[Nick Brown (tennis)|Nick Brown]] sanso serve as a main consultant on occasion.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gębicz |first1=Bartosz |date=1 June 2019 |title=Piotr Sierzputowski: Mam Swój Pomysł Na Igę Swiątek |trans-title=Piotr Sierzputowski: I Have My Own Idea For Iga Swiątek |url=https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/roland-garros/piotr-sierzputowski-mam-swoj-pomysl-na-ige-swiatek/8rxqdr8 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608123332/https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/roland-garros/piotr-sierzputowski-mam-swoj-pomysl-na-ige-swiatek/8rxqdr8 |archive-date=8 June 2019 |access-date=7 October 2020 |website=Przeglad Sportowy |language=pl}}</ref> Świątek sanso dey work plus sports psychologist [[Daria Abramowicz]] den fitness trainer/physiologist Maciej Ryszczuk.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rossingh |first1=Danielle |date=3 October 2020 |title=Focused Swiatek is up for Halep challenge |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/focused-iga-swiatek-is-up-for-halep-challenge |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201006080645/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/focused-iga-swiatek-is-up-for-halep-challenge |archive-date=6 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Roland Garros}}</ref><ref name="WTA201005">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=5 October 2020 |title=How Swiatek's sports psychologist honed her mental game |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1856382/how-swiatek-s-sports-psychologist-honed-her-mental-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010173223/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1856382/how-swiatek-s-sports-psychologist-honed-her-mental-game |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="NYT210207">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-sports-psychology.html|title=The Brain Within the Brain of a Rising Tennis Queen|first=Matthew|last=Futterman|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=7 February 2021|access-date=7 February 2021|archive-date=7 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207173428/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-sports-psychology.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Warzecha |first=Sebastian |date=6 June 2022 |title=Poznajcie współtwórcę sukcesów Igi Świątek. Sylwetka Macieja Ryszczuka |trans-title=Meet the co-creator of Iga Świątek's successes ... |url=https://weszlo.com/2022/06/06/maciej-ryszczuk-swiatek-sylwetka |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103002426/https://weszlo.com/2022/06/06/maciej-ryszczuk-swiatek-sylwetka |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=2 January 2023 |work=Weszło |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd December 2021, Świątek announce say na she dey split from Sierzputowski after nearly six years working togeda. She wrep, "''This change is really challenging for me, and this decision wasn't easy, either''". Na Świątek hire Sierzputowski wen na she be 15 den still dey play insyd junior tournaments.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 December 2021 |title=2020 French Open champ Iga Swiatek splits from longtime coach |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/32786717/2020-french-open-champ-iga-swiatek-splits-long-coach |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204214854/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/32786717/2020-french-open-champ-iga-swiatek-splits-long-coach |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=4 December 2021 |website=Espn.com}}</ref> From de end of 2021 til October 2024, she be coached by [[Tomasz Wiktorowski]],<ref name="coach">{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Coach's Corner: No. 1 Iga Swiatek parts ways with coach Tomasz Wiktorowski, withdraws from Wuhan |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/no-1-iga-swiatek-parts-ways-with-coach-tomasz-wiktorowski-after-3-trophy-laden-years-together |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004134157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/no-1-iga-swiatek-parts-ways-with-coach-tomasz-wiktorowski-after-3-trophy-laden-years-together |archive-date=4 October 2024 |access-date=5 October 2024 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> wey sanso previously work plus [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{cite web |date=4 December 2021 |title=Dawid Olejniczak o rozstaniu Igi Świątek z Piotrem Sierzputowskim: Rzadko trener nie jest na pierwszym planie |url=https://www.polsatsport.pl/wiadomosc/2021-12-04/dawid-olejniczak-o-rozstaniu-igi-swiatek-z-piotrem-sierzputowskim-rzadko-trener-nie-jest-na-pierwszym-planie/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204161439/https://www.polsatsport.pl/wiadomosc/2021-12-04/dawid-olejniczak-o-rozstaniu-igi-swiatek-z-piotrem-sierzputowskim-rzadko-trener-nie-jest-na-pierwszym-planie/ |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=3 February 2022 |work=Polsat Sport}}</ref> Insyd October 2024 na e be announced say she part ways plus Wiktorowski,<ref name="coach" /><ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Swiatek splits with coach Wiktorowski |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c9wk7j7q0wro |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004083730/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c9wk7j7q0wro |archive-date=4 October 2024 |accessdate=4 October 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> appointing [[Wim Fissette]] as ein replacement later dat month.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 October 2024 |title=Swiatek appoints Osaka's former coach Fissette |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4g5d725yvgo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113020856/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4g5d725yvgo |archive-date=13 November 2024 |accessdate=17 October 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Insyd an Instagram post on 23 March 2026, days after ein streak of 73 consecutive opening round wins end at de Miami Open, Swiatek announce she den Fissette part ways.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek releases statement on Instagram as she announces split with her coach |url=https://www.thetennisgazette.com/news/iga-swiatek-releases-statement-on-instagram-as-she-announces-split-with-her-coach/ |accessdate=23 March 2026 |publisher=The Tennis Gazette}}</ref> On April 2, 2026, Świątek announce say [[Francisco Roig]], a longtime [[Rafael Nadal]] coach, join ein team.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek hires longtime Nadal coach Francisco Roig, begins reset on clay |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-hires-new-coach-francisco-roig-trains-rafael-nadal-academy-after-miami/ |accessdate=29 May 2026 |publisher=Tennis Channel}}</ref> == Endorsements == Świątek now be sponsored by de Roger Federer-backed Swiss company ''On'' for clothing den shoes, as of 20 March 2023, wey she cam be de first female tennis player to be sponsored by ''On''.<ref>{{cite web |title=How Federer helped shape Swiatek apparel deal with on |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3119240/how-federer-helped-shape-swiatek-apparel-deal-with-on |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324123127/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3119240/how-federer-helped-shape-swiatek-apparel-deal-with-on |archive-date=24 March 2023 |access-date=24 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She be sponsored by Asics for clothing den shoes since de start of 2020. She previously be sponsored by Nike.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 January 2020 |title=Two more breakups with Nike: Caroline Garcia, Iga Swiatek join the Asics team |url=https://womenstennisblog.com/2020/01/05/garcia-swiatek-join-asics/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001044759/https://womenstennisblog.com/2020/01/05/garcia-swiatek-join-asics/ |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Women's Tennis Blog}}</ref> Świątek sanso be previously endorsed by de Red Bull energy drink company, de Chinese tech giant Xiaomi<ref>{{cite web |date=27 February 2021 |title=Iga Świątek ambasadorką chińskiego potentata wartego 100 mld dol. Może być nośnikiem nowej wizji świata |url=https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-ambasadorka-chinskiego-giganta-xiaomi/4rmkjx2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419003634/https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-ambasadorka-chinskiego-giganta-xiaomi/4rmkjx2 |archive-date=19 April 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021 |work=Przegląd Sportowy |language=pl}}</ref> den de Lexus division of de Toyota automaker company, de latter of wich sanso be sponsored fellow Polish tennis player [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Świątek |url=https://www.redbull.com/int-en/athlete/iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012183531/https://www.redbull.com/int-en/athlete/iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=10 October 2020 |website=Red Bull}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 October 2020 |title=Iga Świątek – jakie auto ma polska tenisistka? Nie może nim jeszcze sama jeździć |trans-title=What car does Iga Świątek have? She can't drive it herself yet |url=https://www.auto-swiat.pl/wiadomosci/aktualnosci/iga-swiatek-jakie-auto-ma-polska-tenisistka-nie-moze-nim-jeszcze-sama-jezdzic/bcz6jvb |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008065944/https://www.auto-swiat.pl/wiadomosci/aktualnosci/iga-swiatek-jakie-auto-ma-polska-tenisistka-nie-moze-nim-jeszcze-sama-jezdzic/bcz6jvb |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Auto Świat |language=pl}}</ref> From February 2021 til January 2024 ein main partner be Poland ein biggest insurance company PZU.<ref>{{cite web |title=PZU oficjalnym partnerem Igi Świątek |url=https://agentpzu.pl/aktualnosc/pzu-oficjalnym-partnerem-igi-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215304/https://agentpzu.pl/aktualnosc/pzu-oficjalnym-partnerem-igi-swiatek |archive-date=2 June 2021 |access-date=1 June 2021 |language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Świątek bez logo PZU. Koniec współpracy z największym sponsorem |url=https://www.rp.pl/biznes/art39645961-iga-swiatek-bez-logo-pzu-koniec-wspolpracy-z-najwiekszym-sponsorem |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203729/https://www.rp.pl/biznes/art39645961-iga-swiatek-bez-logo-pzu-koniec-wspolpracy-z-najwiekszym-sponsorem |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=20 May 2024 |work=Rzeczpospolita |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd 2021, Świątek sign an endorsement deal plus Tecnifibre for racquets; she previously use a Prince Textreme 100 Tour racquet, although na she no be under contract plus de company. To celebrate de victory at de 2022 French Open plus a Tecnifibre racquet den to recognise de female athlete, de company change ein marketing name to Swiateknifibre den ein trademark to de colours white den red for seven days. Na e be de first women's major title for dis manufacturer. Świątek ein poppie sanso confirm say na she sanso sign a contract plus Rolex insyd 2021. After winning ein third major title at de 2022 US Open, Świątek part ways plus ein long-term manager, wey she begin to be represented by IMG plus agent Max Eisenbud.<ref>{{cite web |last=Bouchard |first=Carole |date=8 February 2023 |title=Swiatek on business and bold choices: 'I want to use my impact well in a way that is healthy for me' |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/swiatek-on-business-and-bold-choices-i-want-to-use-my-impact-well-in-a-way-that-is-healthy-for-me-659319.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318182909/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/swiatek-on-business-and-bold-choices-i-want-to-use-my-impact-well-in-a-way-that-is-healthy-for-me-659319.html |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> Insyd 2023, Świątek announce say she cam be a global ambassador give de Polish sports drink Oshee.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mesic |first1=Dzevad |date=8 February 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes new global ambassador of OSHEE sports drink |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/128130/iga-swiatek-becomes-new-global-ambassador-of-oshee-sports-drink-/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209232752/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/128130/iga-swiatek-becomes-new-global-ambassador-of-oshee-sports-drink-/ |archive-date=9 February 2023 |access-date=8 February 2023 |work=Tennis World USA}}</ref> She sanso go release a collaboration line plus de brand, wey dey include ein own drink flavour den bottle design. On 26 June 2023, Swiatek announce ein partnership plus Porsche.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 June 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek to become "Porsche Friend" in Poland |url=https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2023/sports-society/porsche-tennis-iga-swiatek-porsche-friend-poland-32891.html/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701192937/https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2023/sports-society/porsche-tennis-iga-swiatek-porsche-friend-poland-32891.html |archive-date=1 July 2023 |access-date=25 August 2023 |work=Porsche Newsroom}}</ref> Insyd August 2023, Swiatek cam be a global ambassador of VISA.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 August 2023 |title=Tennis World Champion Iga Swiatek Joins Team Visa as Newest Global Brand Ambassador |url=https://investor.visa.com/news/news-details/2023/Tennis-World-Champion-Iga-Swiatek-Joins-Team-Visa-as-Newest-Global-Brand-Ambassador/default.aspx/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930131200/https://investor.visa.com/news/news-details/2023/Tennis-World-Champion-Iga-Swiatek-Joins-Team-Visa-as-Newest-Global-Brand-Ambassador/default.aspx |archive-date=30 September 2023}}</ref> On 25 August 2023, Infosys announce Swiatek as dema global brand ambassador alongside [[Rafael Nadal]].<ref>{{cite web |date=25 August 2023 |title=Infosys welcomes tennis world No. 1 Iga Świątek as Global Brand ambassador |url=https://www.infosys.com/newsroom/press-releases/2023/iga-swiatek-brand-ambassador.html/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904074134/https://www.infosys.com/newsroom/press-releases/2023/iga-swiatek-brand-ambassador.html |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=25 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd April 2024, Świątek cam be de brand ambassador of Lancôme.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 April 2024 |title=Swiatek makes history with Lancôme sponsorship |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3970124/swiatek-makes-history-with-lanc-me-sponsorship |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420074152/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3970124/swiatek-makes-history-with-lanc-me-sponsorship |archive-date=20 April 2024 |access-date=20 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> 4hjtu6ksz70vkxcgckmly0uwbccb2ku 112429 112428 2026-09-24T23:09:21Z DaSupremo 9 /* Coaching team */ Removed a duplicated section 112429 wikitext text/x-wiki '''Iga Natalia Świątek''' (born 31 May 2001) be a Polish professional tennis player. Dem currently rank am world No. 9 insyd women's singles by de WTA, she hold de world No. 1 ranking for a total of 125 weeks, seventh-most of all-time. Świątek win 26 WTA Tour–level singles titles, wey dey include six major titles: four at de French Open, one at Wimbledon, den one at de US Open. She sanso win de 2023 WTA Finals den twelve WTA 1000 events. Świątek be de first Pole to win a major singles title. As a junior, na Świątek be de 2018 French Open girls' doubles champion alongside [[Caty McNally]] den de 2018 Wimbledon girls' singles champion. She begin dey play regularly on de WTA Tour insyd 2019, wey sje enter de top 50 at 18 years old after ein first Tour final den a fourth-round appearance at de 2019 French Open. Insyd 2020, Świątek win ein first major at de French Open insyd dominant fashion, losing no more dan five games insyd any singles match. She enter de top ten of de WTA rankings for de first time insyd May 2021. Insyd early 2022, Świątek surge into dominance plus a 37-match winning streak, de longest on de WTA Tour insyd de 21st century, becoming world No. 1 insyd de process. Plus major titles at de French den US Opens, she fini 2022 as de world ein best player. She repeat de year-end No. 1 feat insyd 2023 by defending ein French Open title wey she claim de WTA Finals, wey she win de French Open for a third straight edition insyd 2024. Świątek win ein first grass court title at de 2025 Wimbledon Championships. She claim de French Open title at four of ein eight appearances at de tournament, she never loose a match before de fourth round. Insyd 2025 na dem suspend Świątek for one month for a drug found insyd contaminated sleep medication. Świątek get an all-court playing style. She win de WTA Fan Favorite Shot of the Year insyd 2019 plus a drop shot from de baseline, wey na dem vote am WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year insyd 2020. Insyd 2023, na dem name am ''L'Équipe'' Champion of Champions den Polish Sports Personality of de Year wey dem include am on ''Time'' ein annual list of de 100 most influential people insyd de world. == Early life den background == Dem born Świątek on 31 May 2001 insyd Warsaw to Dorota den [[Tomasz Świątek]]. Ein poppie be a former rower wey compete insyd de men's quadruple sculls event at de 1988 Seoul Olympics,<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref> while ein mother be an orthodontist. She get a sisto, Agata, wey be about three years older wey be a dentist.<ref name="parents">{{cite web |date=10 October 2020 |title=Iga Świątek Matka Ojciec: Kim są rodzice Igi Świątek? Ojciec i matka Igi Świątek |trans-title=Iga Świątek Mother Father: Who are Iga Świątek's parents? Father and mother of Iga Świątek |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013200927/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-matka-ojciec-kim-sa-rodzice-igi-swiatek-ojciec-i-matka-igi-swiatek-aa-aen2-2UF6-Awcr.html |archive-date=13 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=[[Super Express (newspaper)|Super Express]] |language=pl}}</ref> Na dem poppie wan ein daughters to become competitive athletes wey he prefer dem take up an individual sport rada dan a team sport to have better control of dema chances of success. Agata start out as a swimmer buh she switch to tennis. She briefly compete on de ITF Junior Circuit insyd 2013 at about 15 years old, buh na she stop dey play secof injuries.<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="father-interview">{{cite web |last1=Chojecki |first1=Michał |date=21 July 2018 |title=Tomasz Świątek, ojciec mistrzyni juniorskiego Wimbledonu: Iga sama dobrze wie, czego chce |trans-title=Tomasz Świątek, father of the Wimbledon junior champion: Iga knows exactly what she wants |url=https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008140827/https://sport.se.pl/tenis/tomasz-swiatek-ojciec-mistrzyni-juniorskiego-wimbledonu-iga-sama-dobrze-wie-czego-chce-wywiad-aa-S4Mz-LVS9-A75Y.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Super Express |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="agata">{{cite web |title=Agata Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010155634/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/agata-swiatek/800345111/pol/jt/s/activity/ |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek follow ein sisto into tennis secof na she wan to beat am den sanso secof na she wan to be more like am. Świątek train at Mera Warsaw as a 14-year-old before later she move go Legia Warsaw.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |last1=Ciastoń |first1=Jakub |date=26 August 2015 |title=Najmłodsza, najlepsza, Iga! 14-latka z Raszyna ograła na kortach Legii starsze od siebie tenisistki |trans-title=The youngest, the best, Iga! The 14-year-old from Raszyn outplayed the older tennis players on the Legia courts |url=https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200811151514/https://www.legia.sport.pl/legia/1,139308,18629517,najmlodsza-najlepsza-iga-14-latka-z-raszyna-ograla-na-kortach.html |archive-date=11 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Sport.pl |language=pl}}</ref><ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref> == Junior years == [[File:Iga_Swiatek_–_Wimbledon_junior_champion_2018_(50497948673)_(cropped).jpg|left|thumb|Świątek plus de 2018 Wimbledon junior champion's trophy]] Świątek reach a career-high ranking of No. 5 as a junior player. She begin dey compete insyd ITF Junior Circuit events insyd 2015 wey she win back-to-back low-level Grade 4 titles insyd April den May at age 13. Before de end of de year, she move up to Grade 2 events wey she fini runner-up insyd both singles den doubles at de Czech Junior Open. Świątek make ein junior Grand Slam tournament debut insyd 2016 at de French Open, reaching de quarterfinals insyd both singles den doubles. She follow dis up plus ein best junior title to date at de Grade 1 Canadian Open Junior Championships, defeating [[Olga Danilović]] insyd de final.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Na Świątek get a strong first half of 2017. She win both de singles den doubles titles at de Grade 1 Traralgon Junior International. Although she loose ein opening round match at de Australian Open, she partner plus compatriot [[Maja Chwalińska]] to make ein first final insyd a major tournament, finishing runner-up insyd doubles to de North American team of [[Bianca Andreescu]] den [[Carson Branstine]].<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She then reach ein first Grade A singles final at de Trofeo Bonfiglio, losing to [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref name=":2">{{cite web |date=28 May 2017 |title=Popyrin e Rybakina vincono il Trofeo Bonfiglio 2017 |trans-title=Popyrin and Rybakina win the Bonfiglio Trophy 2017 |url=https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216231303/https://www.spaziotennis.com/jnr/popyrin-e-rybakina-vincono-il-trofeo-bonfiglio-2017/49314 |archive-date=16 December 2021 |access-date=26 September 2020 |website=Spazio Tennis |language=it}}</ref> Ein season cam to an end after anoda quarterfinal at de French Open,<ref name="itf-junior-singles" /><ref name="itf-junior-doubles" /> after wich na she get right ankle surgery wey keep am out for seven months.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Attar |first1=Jabbar |title=Iga Swiatek Beats Elena Rybakina في مجموعات متتالية للوصول إلى ربع النهائي في الدوحة |url=https://albait.me/2025/02/13/%d9%82%d8%b7%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%81%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%ad-iga-swiatek-beats-elena-rybakina-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%aa%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9/ |access-date=13 February 2025 |website=مجلة البيت}}</ref> Despite competing insyd only two Grand Slam tournaments insyd 2018 den three singles events in total, Świątek fini ein junior career plus ein best season.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> She return to de junior tour at de French Open after a one-year absence wey she reach de semi-finals insyd singles, losing to [[Caty McNally]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=8 June 2020 |title=My Article on Amber O'Dell's Commitment to Virginia; McNally and Gauff to Play for French Open Girls Titles; Three Americans Advance to Bethany Beach $25K Semifinals |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/my-article-on-amber-odells-commitment.html |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> She fare better insyd doubles, dey partner plus McNally to win ein first junior major title. Dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato insyd de final.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Świątek play only singles at Wimbledon. As an unseeded player secof ein absence, na dem draw am against top seed [[Whitney Osuigwe]] insyd de first round. After winning dat match insyd three sets,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Takes Out Top Seed Osuigwe; Roehampton Champions Roll On as First Round of Wimbledon Junior Championships Completed |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007183740/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-takes-out-top-seed-osuigwe.html |archive-date=7 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> na she no drop anoda set during de rest of de tournament wey she win de championship for ein only junior major singles title. She defeat [[Leonie Küng]] insyd de final.<ref name="WimbledonGirlsSingles">{{cite web |last1=Pearce |first1=Linda |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek wins girls' singles title |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120428/https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/news/articles/2018-07-14/2018-07-14_swiatek_wins_girls_singles_title.html |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Wimbledon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=14 July 2018 |title=Swiatek Claims Wimbledon Girls Title; McNally and Osuigwe Meet Royalty, Advance to Girls Doubles Final for Second Straight Year |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/07/swiatek-claims-wimbledon-girls-title.html |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 July 2018 |title=Swiatek ready for 'next step' after junior Wimbledon win |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241130181204/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1440957/swiatek-ready-for-next-step-after-junior-wimbledon-win |archive-date=30 November 2024 |accessdate=24 November 2024 |publisher=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek then team up plus de Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to compete insyd de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. Dem reach de final wey dem defeat de Japanese team of [[Yuki Naito]] den Naho Sato. She then fini ein junior career.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 October 2020 |title=Swiatek Did Not Appear by Magic, But Is Rooted in the ITF Pathway |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070348/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-did-not-appear-by-magic-but-is-rooted-in-the-itf-player-pathway/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=6 June 2024 |website=International Tennis Federation}}</ref> == Professional == === 2016–2018: Seven ITF Circuit championships === [[File:YOGBA_2018_-_Tennis_-_Women's_Doubles_Final_19_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics]] Świątek begin dey compete on de ITF Women's Circuit insyd 2016 wey she play on de circuit thru de end of 2018. She win all seven ITF singles finals she reach, ranging from de first four at de $10k to $15k level to one at de $25k level followed up by two at de $60k level. Ein first three titles cam at 15 years old.<ref name="itf-singles" /> Na de fourth be insyd February 2018 insyd ein first tournament back from a seven-month layoff secof injury.<ref name="injury-2017">{{cite web |last1=Macpherson |first1=Alex |date=11 January 2019 |title=Getting to know you: Introducing Melbourne 2019's Grand Slam debutantes |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124010817/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1450948/getting-to-know-you-introducing-melbourne-2019-s-grand-slam-debutantes |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> After a $25k title insyd April, Świątek move up to higher-level ITF events later dat month. Following ein junior Wimbledon title insyd July, she skipp de junior US Open to stay insyd Europe. During de two weeks of de US Open, she win back-to-back $60k titles at de NEK Ladies Open insyd Hungary den de Montreux Ladies Open insyd Switzerland.<ref name="itf-singles" /> During de second event, she defeat top seed den world No. 120, [[Mariana Duque-Mariño]].<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Ilic |first1=Jovica |date=10 September 2018 |title=17-year-old Iga Swiatek wins her second $60,000 title in Montreux |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212200618/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Rising_Stars/60180/17yearold-iga-swiatek-wins-her-second-60000-title-in-montreux/ |archive-date=12 December 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tennis World USA}}</ref> Na dese be Świątek ein last two ITF tournaments of de year.<ref name="itf-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Women's Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022174910/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/wt/s/activity/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Plus dese two titles, she enter de top 200 for de first time at de age of 17, rising from No. 298 to No. 180 insyd those two weeks.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2019: First WTA Tour final, top 50 === [[File:Iga_Swiatek_forehand_at_2018_Wimbledon.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a forehand at 2018 Wimbledon]] Despite never playing on de WTA Tour before 2019, na Świątek be able to compete insyd only tour-level events thru out de year. After failing to qualify at de Auckland Open, she qualify for ein first major main draw at de Australian Open. She then defeat No. 82 [[Ana Bogdan]], insyd three sets, insyd ein debut match to reach de second round. At ein next three tournaments, she sanso qualify at de Hungarian Ladies Open, buh no be at either of de Premier Mandatory events insyd March.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek make ein first WTA breakthru at de Ladies Open Lugano insyd April. Plus ein first direct acceptance into a main draw, she make ein first WTA final. During de event, she upset No. 3 seed [[Viktória Kužmová]] insyd de second round for ein first top-50 victory.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 April 2019 |title=Swiatek sinks Kuzmova for first WTA QF in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413121021/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/swiatek-sinks-kuzmova-first-wta-qf-lugano |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She ultimately fini runner-up to [[Polona Hercog]] insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Macpherson |first=Alex |date=14 April 2019 |title=Hercog halts Swiatek to lift third trophy in Lugano |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190414160305/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/hercog-halts-swiatek-lift-third-trophy-lugano |archive-date=14 April 2019 |access-date=14 April 2019 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Moreover, na dem vote a precise cross-court forehand drop shot she hit against [[Kristýna Plíšková]] insyd de semi-final de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus de runner-up, she sanso make ein debut insyd de top 100 while still 17 years old.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 April 2019 |title=WTA rankings 2019 Update: Kuznetsova back into Top 100, Anisimova climbs |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190420123343/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/wta-rankings-2019-update-kuznetsova-back-top-100-anisimova-climbs |archive-date=20 April 2019 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek close out ein clay court season plus a fourth-round appearance at de French Open insyd ein second major.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She upset No. 16 [[Wang Qiang (tennis)|Wang Qiang]] insyd de second round for ein first top-20 victory before losing to defending champion [[Simona Halep]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fitzpatrick |first1=Cody |date=1 June 2019 |title=Five things to know about breakout star Iga Swiatek |url=http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020234838/http://baseline.tennis.com/article/82128/five-things-know-about-breakout-star-iga-swiatek |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Baseline Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=3 June 2019 |title='It's my favorite Grand Slam, so I will do my best': Halep sweeps past Swiatek at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616122650/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/its-my-favorite-grand-slam-so-i-will-do-my-best-halep-sweeps-past-swiatek-french-open |archive-date=16 June 2019 |access-date=16 June 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek no fi repeat ein French Open success at de remaining major tournaments of de year, losing ein opening match at Wimbledon den insyd de second round at de US Open.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein best result insyd de second half of de season be a third-round appearance at de Canadian Open. During de event, she upset No. 18, [[Caroline Wozniacki]], before losing to No. 2, [[Naomi Osaka]].<ref name="wta-matches" /><ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Plus dis result, she enter de top 50 for de first time a week later.<ref name="wta-rankings">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Rankings History |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128101548/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/rankings-history |archive-date=28 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She miss de rest of de season after de US Open to undergo foot surgery wey she fini de year at No. 61 insyd de world.<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref name="wta-rankings" /> Świątek fini 2019 as runner-up to Simona Halep insyd de voting for de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year award.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=3 December 2019 |title=Halep scores third straight WTA Fan Favorite win, teen phenom Swiatek a strong second |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220173939/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1538910/halep-scores-third-straight-wta-fan-favorite-win-teen-phenom-swiatek-a-strong-second |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=2 January 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> === 2020: French Open champion, top 20 === Świątek make ein return to de WTA Tour at de Australian Open. She match ein best result at a major plus anoda fourth-round appearance, dis time dem highlight by a victory over No. 20, [[Donna Vekić]].<ref name="footsteps">{{cite web |last1=Imhoff |first1=Dan |date=26 January 2020 |title=Swiatek follows father's footsteps 38 years later |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010135235/https://ausopen.com/articles/features/swiatek-follows-fathers-footsteps-38-years-later |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Australian Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=25 January 2020 |title=Swiatek soars past Vekic, into fourth round in Melbourne |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127054022/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1588471/swiatek-soars-past-vekic-into-fourth-round-in-melbourne/ |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She san defeat Vekić at de Qatar Open, ein last match win before na dem shut de WTA Tour down for six months secof de [[COVID-19]] pandemic.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek continue ein major tournament success once dem resume de tour. She reach de third round at de US Open, losing to eventual runner-up [[Victoria Azarenka]].<ref>{{cite web |date=5 September 2020 |title=Azarenka solves Swiatek test to seal US Open second week |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055532/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1811639/azarenka-solves-swiatek-test-to-seal-us-open-second-week |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Entering de rescheduled French Open insyd September, na dem rank Świątek No. 54 insyd de world. Nonetheless, she win de singles event for ein maiden WTA title. During de tournament, she defeat 2019 runner-up den world No. 19, [[Markéta Vondroušová]], insyd de opening round.<ref name="wta-matches">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Matches |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008031803/https://www.wtatennis.com/players/326408/iga-swiatek/matches |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kane |first1=David |date=28 September 2020 |title=Swiatek stuns finalist Vondrousova in Paris opener |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129042205/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1846650/swiatek-stuns-finalist-vondrousova-in-paris-opener |archive-date=29 November 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Na ein biggest upset be a victory insyd de fourth round over top seed den world No. 2, Simona Halep, wey na be on a 17-match win streak wey na she sanso be de heavy favourite to win de title.<ref name="halep-upset" /><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=24 September 2020 |title=Simona Halep or the field? The 2020 Roland Garros women's preview |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201005125655/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/09/simona-halep-or-field-2020-french-open-womens-preview/90947/ |archive-date=5 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> She lost three games per against Halep after winning just one game against am insyd de same round of de French Open de previous year.<ref name="halep-upset">{{cite web |last1=Bairner |first1=Robin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Stunning Swiatek authors Halep upset at French Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010091441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1853109/stunning-swiatek-authors-halep-upset-at-french-open |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Świątek defeat world No. 6, [[Sofia Kenin]], insyd de final to become de first Polish player to win a major singles title den de lowest-ranked French Open champion insyd de history of de WTA rankings. She sanso cam be de youngest singles champion at de tournament since [[Rafael Nadal]] insyd 2005 den de youngest women's singles winner since [[Monica Seles]] insyd 1992. She win de title widout dropping a set anaa more dan five games to any opponent, den de 28 games she loose in total be tied for de second-fewest among French Open singles champions insyd de Open Era behind only de 20 games [[Steffi Graf]] loose insyd 1988. Plus de title, Świątek rise to No. 17 insyd de world. She sanso play de doubles event, partnering plus [[Nicole Melichar]] for de first time. De pair reach de semi-finals, wey dem sanso no drop a set til dema last match.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maine |first1=D'Arcy |date=10 October 2020 |title=Breakthrough 2020 French Open title just the beginning for Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012184500/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/30084335/breakthrough-2020-french-open-title-just-beginning-iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=ESPN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Kane|first1=David|title=Swiatek seals Kenin, surges to maiden major title in Paris|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=11 October 2020|date=10 October 2020|archive-date=13 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013033107/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859725/swiatek-seals-kenin-surges-to-maiden-major-title-in-paris|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mirza |first1=Raz |date=10 October 2020 |title=French Open: Iga Swiatek defeats Sofia Kenin to win women's singles title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016223008/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32455/12100581/french-open-iga-swiatek-defeats-sofia-kenin-to-win-womens-singles-title |archive-date=16 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=11 October 2020 |title=Stats Corner: How dominant was Swiatek's Roland Garros run? |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012011112/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1859879/stats-corner-how-dominant-was-swiatek-s-roland-garros-run- |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Insyd 2020, na dem vote Świątek de WTA Fan Favorite Singles Player of de Year.<ref>{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=7 December 2020 |title=Swiatek sweeps 2020 WTA Fan Favorite |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207205432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1929640/swiatek-sweeps-2020-wta-fan-favorite |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=WTA Tenis}}</ref> === 2021: Italian Open champion, top 10 === [[File:Swiatek_RG21_(22)_(51376077666).jpg|right|thumb|Świątek at de 2021 French Open]] At de Australian Open, Świątek be seeded 15th wey she record wins over [[Arantxa Rus]], [[Camila Giorgi]] den [[Fiona Ferro]]. She reach de fourth round wer she loose to Simona Halep, insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|title=Simona Halep Avenges French Open Loss as Iga Swiatek Commits 42 Unforced Errors at Australian Open 2021|website=Essentiallysports.com|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214100922/https://www.essentiallysports.com/simona-halep-avenges-french-open-loss-as-iga-swiatek-commits-42-unforced-errors-at-australian-open-2021-wta-tennis-news/|url-status=live}}</ref> At Adelaide, she win ein first WTA Tour title widout dropping a set insyd de whole tournament. She defeat [[Belinda Bencic]] insyd de final, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|title=Swiatek wins Adelaide International|website=Thewest.com.au|access-date=27 February 2021|archive-date=14 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414142925/https://thewest.com.au/sport/tennis/swiatek-wins-adelaide-international-ng-s-2051348|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, she enter de top 15 for de first time insyd ein career, insyd March 2021.<ref>{{cite news|title=Rankings Watch: Adelaide title pushes Swiatek to career-high|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|work=[[Women's Tennis Association|WTA Tennis]]|date=1 March 2021|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=25 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225141743/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2049479/rankings-watch-title-pushes-swiatek-to-career-high|url-status=live}}</ref> Seeded 15th, Świątek win ein first career WTA 1000-title at de Italian Open, defeating former champion [[Karolína Plíšková]] insyd just 46 minutes widout de loss of a single game. She advance to de final after defeating two-time champion den world No. 5, [[Elina Svitolina]], den de second best-ranked teenager [[Coco Gauff]] on de same day, as well as saving match points insyd ein third-round match against [[Barbora Krejčíková]].<ref>{{cite web |date=15 May 2021 |title=Swiatek staves off Gauff challenge to book final spot in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511134644/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2143241/swiatek-staves-off-gauff-to-book-final-spot-in-rome |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek cam be de third player to win a title after saving match point en route insyd 2021, alongside Naomi Osaka at de Australian Open den [[Ashleigh Barty]] insyd Miami. She sanso cam be de fourth teenager to win a WTA 1000 event.<ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Swiatek whitewashes Pliskova to capture Rome title and break Top 10 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210609224730/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2145027/swiatek-whitewashes-pliskova-to-capture-rome-title-and-break-top-10 |archive-date=9 June 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2021 |title=Flawless Victory: Iga Swiatek double bagels Karolina Pliskova in Rome |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142338/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2021/05/flawless-victory-iga-swiatek-double-bagels-karolina-pliskova-rome/94033/ |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Dis successful run to ein third career title move am into de top 10 insyd de singles rankings on 17 May 2021, as world No. 9.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rankings watch: Swiatek milestone, Mladenovic returns to Doubles No. 1 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517162943/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2146484/rankings-watch-swiatek-milestone-mladenovic-returns-to-doubles-no-1 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |access-date=17 May 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de French Open, Świątek be seeded at No. 8. She open ein title defense winning against [[Kaja Juvan]] insyd de first round, wey she then defeat [[Rebecca Peterson]], [[Anett Kontaveit]] den [[Marta Kostyuk]]. She win 22 straight sets at de French Open buh she then loose instd de quarterfinals to [[Maria Sakkari]]. Insyd doubles, seeded 14th plus [[Bethanie Mattek-Sands]] as a pair, dey play just dema third event togeda, dem reach de final<ref>{{cite web |title=Krejcikova, Siniakova to face Mattek-Sands, Swiatek in Paris doubles final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120430/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2169860/krejcikova-siniakova-to-face-mattek-sands-swiatek-in-paris-doubles-final |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> wer na dem be defeated by Barbora Krejčíková den [[Kateřina Siniaková]] insyd straight sets. As a result, Świątek reach de top 50 at a career-high ranking of No. 42 insyd doubles for de first time insyd ein career. She start ein grass-court season at de Eastbourne International wer na she be seeded at No. 4. After defeating [[Heather Watson]], she loose to [[Daria Kasatkina]] insyd de second round. As de seventh seed at Wimbledon, Świątek defeat [[Hsieh Su-wei]], [[Vera Zvonareva]], den [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], all insyd straight sets. Insyd de fourth round, she loose to [[Ons Jabeur]], insyd three sets.<ref>{{cite news|first=Dan|last=Quarrell|title=Wimbledon 2021 tennis – Tunisia's Ons Jabeur makes history with stunning comeback win over Iga Swiatek|url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|work=[[Eurosport]]|date=7 June 2023|access-date=25 February 2023|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001122944/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wimbledon/2021/wimbledon-2021-tennis-tunisia-s-ons-jabeur-makes-history-with-stunning-comeback-win-over-iga-swiatek_sto8405893/story.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> Plus ein win over Anett Kontaveit insyd de third round of de US Open, she cam be de only player to reach de second week of all four major championships insyd de 2021 season.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 September 2021 |title=Swiatek overcomes Kontaveit; Sakkari, Pliskova advance to US Open round of 16 |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120432/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2243992/swiatek-overcomes-kontaveit-sakkari-pliskova-advance-to-us-open-round-of-16 |archive-date=11 September 2022 |access-date=6 September 2021 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She qualify for de WTA Finals for de first time insyd ein career.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2021 |title=Swiatek, Muguruza and Badosa secure qualification for 2021 Akron WTA Finals Guadalajara |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110074742/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2308912/swiatek-muguruza-and-badosa-secure-qualification-for-2021-akron-wta-finals-guadalajara |archive-date=10 November 2021 |access-date=16 November 2021 |website=Wtatennis.com}}</ref> === 2022: Two Major titles, 37-match win streak, world No. 1 === Świątek start ein season by reaching de semifinals at de Adelaide International.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ashleigh Barty breezes past Iga Swiatek to reach Adelaide International final|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|access-date=6 January 2022|date=6 January 2022|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911120435/https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/ashleigh-barty-iga-swiatek-adelaide-international-b1989206.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She then reach anoda semifinal at de Australian Open.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 January 2022 |title=Collins powers past Swiatek into first major final at Australian Open |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511133139/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2464457/collins-powers-past-swiatek-into-first-major-final-at-australian-open |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=2 June 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Following a second-round match loss against [[Jeļena Ostapenko]], Świątek win de next six tournaments she enter — Qatar Ladies Open,<ref>{{cite web |title=Desert Delight: Swiatek Sweeps Kontaveit for 4th Title in Doha |url=https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226170941/https://www.tennisnow.com/News/2022/February/Desert-Delight-Swiatek-Sweeps-Kontaveit-for-4th-T.aspx |archive-date=26 February 2022 |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=Tennis Now}}</ref> Indian Wells Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek wins 11th straight match, tops Sakkari to claim Indian Wells title|access-date=20 March 2022|work=WTA Tour|date=20 March 2022|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|archive-date=20 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320215951/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2544419/swiatek-wins-11th-straight-match-tops-sakkari-to-claim-indian-wells-title|url-status=live}}</ref> Miami Open,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 April 2022 |title=Swiatek bests Osaka, completes Sunshine Double with Miami title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402183522/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2559518/swiatek-bests-osaka-completes-sunshine-double-with-miami-title |archive-date=2 April 2022 |access-date=2 April 2022 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Stuttgart Open,<ref>{{cite news|title=Iga Swiatek wins Stuttgart Open to secure fourth consecutive title|publisher=BBC Sport|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|access-date=24 April 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424171603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/61209671|url-status=live}}</ref> Italian Open<ref>{{cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 May 2022 |title=Swiatek sweeps aside Jabeur to retain Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516003955/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sweeps-aside-jabeur-to-retain-rome-title/ |archive-date=16 May 2022 |access-date=15 May 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> den, for ein second major title, French Open<ref>{{cite web |title=Incredible Iga: 10 Things Swiatek Achieved by Winning Roland Garros This Year |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220608144319/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-at-roland-garros-this-year |archive-date=8 June 2022 |access-date=9 June 2022 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> — before losing to [[Alizé Cornet]] at Wimbledon insyd de third round.<ref name="wtatennis.com">{{cite news|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|title=Cornet ends Swiatek's 37-match win streak; reaches fourth round at Wimbledon|newspaper=Women's Tennis Association|access-date=2 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703120803/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2665498/cornet-ends-swiatek-s-37-match-win-streak-reaches-fourth-round-at-wimbledon|url-status=live}}</ref> Świątek reach de world No. 1 singles ranking, wey she cam be de fourth as well as de youngest woman (11th player overall) to complete de Sunshine Double insyd de process.<ref>{{cite web |date=25 March 2022 |title=From Grand Slam champ to world No. 1, the rise of Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326004526/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2550280/from-grand-slam-champ-to-world-no-1-the-rise-of-iga-swiatek |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=WTA Tour}}</ref> She sanso accumulate a 37-match win streak, de longest by a woman insyd de 21st century.<ref name="wtatennis.com" /> Świątek get a lacklustre performance thru out de summer. She loose to [[Caroline Garcia]] insyd de quarterfinals insyd Warsaw,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=29 July 2022 |title=Swiatek stunned by Garcia at Poland Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230901145851/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-stunned-by-garcia-at-poland-open/ |archive-date=1 September 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Beatriz Haddad Maia]] insyd de third round insyd Toronto den [[Madison Keys]] insyd de third round insyd Cincinnati. However, she return on form at de US Open, winning ein third major by defeating Ons Jabeur insyd de final.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 September 2022 |title=Swiatek outlasts Jabeur to win US Open; third career Slam title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220910223913/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2787921/swiatek-outlasts-jabeur-to-win-us-open-third-career-slam-title |archive-date=10 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2022 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> She cam be de first woman to win both de French Open den US Open insyd de same season since [[Serena Williams]] insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=16 September 2022 |title=10 incredible things Iga Swiatek achieved by winning the US Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927122059/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/10-incredible-things-iga-swiatek-achieved-by-winning-us-open-stats |archive-date=27 September 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek reach de final at de Ostrava Open, buh she loose to Barbora Krejčíková insyd a three-set match wey last 3 hours den 16 minutes, de longest match of ein career so far.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=9 October 2022 |title=Krejcikova claims Ostrava title to end Swiatek run |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221010141748/https://www.lovegametennis.com/krejcikova-claims-ostrava-title-to-end-swiatek-run/ |archive-date=10 October 2022 |access-date=9 October 2022 |website=lovegametennis.com}}</ref> She subsequently play at de San Diego Open, winning ein eighth title by defeating Donna Vekić, insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stat of the day: Iga Świątek win eighth WTA title of year in San Diego |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101110035/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/stat-of-the-day-iga-swiatek-wins-eighth-wta-title-of-year-in-san-diego |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref> At de 2022 WTA Finals dem hold insyd Fort Worth, Texas, Świątek win de group stage widout dropping a set, defeating Daria Kasatkina, Caroline Garcia den Coco Gauff, respectively. However, she be upset by [[Aryna Sabalenka]] insyd de semi-finals insyd three sets. Nevertheless, she fini de season as year-end No. 1 wey she post a record win-loss 67–9 insyd 2022, de most wins insyd a single season since Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |title='It's crazy': Swiatek reflects on her season after WTA Finals exit |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221121055441/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2897384/its-crazy-swiatek-reflects-on-her-season-after-wta-finals-exit |archive-date=21 November 2022 |access-date=8 November 2022 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She sanso cam be de first player since Serena Williams insyd 2013 to collect over 11,000 ranking points insyd a single season.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 November 2022 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes second player after Serena Williams to achieve this feat |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205183053/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Serena_Williams/123609/iga-swiatek-becomes-second-player-after-serena-williams-to-achieve-this-feat/ |archive-date=5 December 2022 |access-date=13 November 2022 |website=tennisworldusa.org}}</ref> She accumulate de second highest ranking points total insyd WTA history, second only to Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramchandani |first=Haresh |date=8 November 2022 |title=WTA Rankings: Swiatek ends with second-highest year-end total; Garcia climbs to No 4 |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221108104800/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/wta-rankings-swiatek-ends-with-second-highest-year-end-total-garcia-climbs-to-no-4-634072.html |archive-date=8 November 2022 |access-date=11 September 2023 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> === 2023: French Open den WTA Finals champion === Świątek ein 2023 campaign be statistically less dominant dan ein 2022 season, buh she still manage to win six titles insyd de year. She start 2023 as only de fourth woman insyd WTA history to be ranked world No. 1 for 40 anaa more consecutive weeks insyd dema first stint as de top-ranked player.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranking Reaction: Iga Swiatek kicks off 40th consecutive week at No. 1 |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102085441/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/ranking-reaction-iga-swiatek-kicks-off-40th-consecutive-week-at-no-1 |archive-date=2 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Insyd ein first tournament of de year representing Poland at de United Cup, she partner plus ein compatriots wey dey include [[Hubert Hurkacz]] wey she reach de semi-finals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pegula stuns Swiatek, U.S. leads Poland 2–0 in United Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106135148/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3011688/pegula-stuns-swiatek-u-s-lead-poland-2-0-in-first-united-cup-semifinal |archive-date=6 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |website=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> At de Australian Open, she loose insyd de fourth round insyd straight sets against [[Elena Rybakina]],<ref>{{cite web |date=22 January 2023 |title=Top seed Iga Swiatek, Coco Gauff knocked out of Australian Open |url=https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122060647/https://nypost.com/2023/01/22/australian-open-2023-iga-swiatek-loses-to-elena-rybakina/ |archive-date=22 January 2023 |access-date=22 January 2023 |website=nypost.com}}</ref> wey go upset Świątek two more times later insyd de year, respectively insyd de semi-finals at de Indian Wells Open den insyd de quarterfinals at de Italian Open.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rybakina dominates No. 1 Swiatek to make Indian Wells final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318040424/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3113842/rybakina-dominates-no-1-swiatek-to-make-indian-wells-final |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2023 |title=Top-ranked Swiatek retires from Italian Open quarterfinal due to injured right thigh |url=https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143056/https://www.bing.com/search?q=swiatek+retires+in+rybakina+match&cvid=bed7300082d04b93bc0f03d58e47ce7c&aqs=edge..69i57j0.14570j0j4&FORM=ANAB01&PC=ASTS |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=20 May 2023 |website=apnews.com}}</ref> [[File:Iga_Swiatek_practicing_forehand_in_August_2023.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey practice ein forehand before 2023 US Open]] Na she no win any tournament til de Qatar Ladies Open, wer na she no drop a set thru out de tournament den lost only five games.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek breezes to first title of 2023, blitzes Jessica Pegula in Doha final |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218205533/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-breezes-to-first-title-of-2023-blitzes-jessica-pegula-in-doha-final |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> De clay season see ein successfully defend ein Stuttgart Open title,<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 April 2023 |title=Stuttgart Open: Iga Swiatek beats Aryna Sabalenka to retain title |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423150026/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/65367399 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |access-date=23 April 2023 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> as well as win ein fourth major at de French Open by defeating [[Karolína Muchová]] insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=10 June 2023 |title=Swiatek clinches a third RG title |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610101713/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/rg2023-live-womens-final-swiatek-muchova |archive-date=10 June 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |website=rolandgarros.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova to win French Open title; fourth major overall |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230918143057/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3534084/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-to-win-french-open-title-fourth-major-overall |archive-date=18 September 2023 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> After improvement on de grass court plus a quarterfinal performance at Wimbledon,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=11 July 2023 |title=Svitolina stuns Swiatek to make Wimbledon semis |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716152250/https://www.lovegametennis.com/inspired-svitolina-stuns-swiatek-to-make-wimbledon-semis/ |archive-date=16 July 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 14-match win streak,<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 July 2023 |title=Ukraine's Svitolina shocks Swiatek to reach Wimbledon semifinals |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711221028/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/7/11/ukraines-svitolina-shocks-swiatek-to-reach-wimbledon-semifinals#:~:text=Svitolina%20broke%20for%20a%202-1%20lead%20and%20then,into%20the%20net%20handed%20Svitolina%20a%20remarkable%20win. |archive-date=11 July 2023 |access-date=12 July 2023 |website=aljazeera.com}}</ref> she win ein home tournament at de Poland Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mueller |first=Evita |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek Wins Her First Career Title On Home Soil In Warsaw |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230730165721/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/iga-swiatek-wins-her-first-career-title-on-home-soil-in-warsaw |archive-date=30 July 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek loses just one game as she cruises to home Poland Open title with win over Laura Siegemund |url=https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230801213010/https://www.eurosport.com/tennis/wta-warsaw/2023/iga-swiatek-loses-just-one-game-as-she-cruises-to-home-poland-open-title-with-win-over-laura-siegemu_sto9724172/story.shtml |archive-date=1 August 2023 |access-date=30 July 2023 |website=eurosport.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2023 |title=Swiatek beats Siegemund to win Warsaw Open |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230812204905/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-crushes-laura-siegemund-to-win-warsaw-open/ |archive-date=12 August 2023 |access-date=18 September 2023 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> At de US Open, Świątek loose insyd de fourth round to Jelena Ostapenko, wich end ein reign at world No. 1.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 September 2023 |title=US Open: Iga Swiatek dethroned by Jelena Ostapenko in fourth round in New York |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904085037/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/32833/12954639/us-open-iga-swiatek-dethroned-by-jelena-ostapenko-in-the-fourth-round-in-new-york |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=4 September 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> Ein 75-week reign at No. 1 be de third-longest streak insyd de Open Era among players insyd dema first stint as de top player, behind only Steffi Graf den [[Martina Hingis]].<ref>{{cite web |date=11 September 2023 |title=Rankings Watch: Sabalenka, Gauff-Pegula duo headline historic shakeup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002155243/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3679827/rankings-watch-sabalenka-gauff-pegula-duo-headline-historic-shakeup |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=1 October 2023 |work=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Nevertheless, she go on to win de China Open.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek wins China Open with straight-sets victory over Liudmila Samsonova for 16th career WTA title |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018160439/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12040/12980186/iga-swiatek-wins-china-open-with-straight-sets-victory-over-liudmila-samsonova-for-16th-career-wta-title |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=9 October 2023 |website=skysports.com}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, she win de title widout dropping a set, becoming de first player to do so since Serena Williams insyd 2012. She sanso drop just 20 games thru out de entire tournament, de fewest since de reintroduction of de round-robin format insyd 2003 den beat Serena Williams ein record of 32 overall games dropped. By conceding only one game to [[Jessica Pegula]], Świątek sanso break de record for fewest games she loose insyd a final, previously wey [[Martina Navratilova]] win insyd 1983 den [[Kim Clijsters]] insyd 2003 (two each).<ref>{{Cite web |title=A WTA Finals champ, the world No. 1 and another Iga Swiatek masterclass |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231114171401/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3772009/a-wta-finals-champ-the-world-no-1-and-another-iga-swiatek-masterclass |archive-date=14 November 2023 |access-date=15 November 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref><ref name="WTA Tour">{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Swiatek tops Pegula for WTA Finals title, regains No. 1 ranking |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231106225506/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3771864/swiatek-tops-pegula-for-wta-finals-title-regains-no-1-ranking |archive-date=6 November 2023 |access-date=7 November 2023 |publisher=[[WTA Tour]]}}</ref> Winning de title see am reclaiming de top ranking den clinching year-end No. 1 for de second season insyd a row.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek back on top of world after WTA Finals demolition of Jessica Pegula |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107000605/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/nov/06/wta-finals-tennis-report-iga-swiatek-jessica-pegula |archive-date=7 November 2023 |accessdate=7 November 2023 |work=Guardian}}</ref> === 2024: French Open three-peat, Olympic bronze, suspension === Świątek enter de United Cup insyd an international team competition representing Team Poland. She reach de final winning all of ein singles matches wey she receive de MVP award of de event.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 January 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek Crowned 2024 United Cup MVP Despite Germany Final Defeat |url=https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113083910/https://tennisuptodate.com/wta/iga-swiatek-crowned-2024-united-cup-mvp-despite-germany-final-defeat |archive-date=13 January 2024 |access-date=13 January 2024 |website=tennisuptodate.com}}</ref> Insyd de third round of de Australian Open, she be defeated by Linda Nosková insyd three sets den as a result of dis loss ein 18-match winning streak, wich start insyd September 2023, cam to an end.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=Australian Open 2024: Iga Swiatek stunned by Linda Noskova in third round |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120061947/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68040197 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |access-date=20 January 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Insyd February, Świątek enter de Qatar Ladies Open as a two-time defending champion. She reach de final, having defeated [[Sorana Cîrstea]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2024 |title=Swiatek opens Doha defence with demolition of Cirstea |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219001541/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-opens-doha-defence-with-demolition-of-cirstea/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> [[Ekaterina Alexandrova]] den Viktoria Azarenka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=15 February 2024 |title=Swiatek sees off Azarenka to reach semi-finals in Doha |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sees-off-azarenka-to-reach-semi-finals-in-doha/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Insyd de final, she face Elena Rybakina, winning insyd straight sets<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek foils Rybakina to claim third straight Doha title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240219120736/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-foils-rybakina-to-claim-third-straight-doha-title/ |archive-date=19 February 2024 |access-date=19 February 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den claiming ein seventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek no drop a set en route to de title for de second consecutive year. She sanso cam be de first person to win three consecutive titles insyd Doha den de first player to win three consecutive titles at de same hardcourt tournament since Serena Williams insyd 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 February 2024 |title=Qatar Open: Iga Swiatek beats Elena Rybakina to win third title in Doha |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240218042900/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/68328891 |archive-date=18 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=17 February 2024 |title=Swiatek defeats Rybakina to win third consecutive Doha title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217204251/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3899609/swiatek-defeats-rybakina-to-win-third-consecutive-doha-title |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de next WTA 1000 tournament insyd Dubai, she reach back-to-back quarterfinals defeating Elina Svitolina insyd de round of 16. Na she be de fourth player since de WTA-1000 format ein introduction insyd 2009 wey make de quarterfinals insyd 9+ consecutive appearances (between Dubai 2023 – Dubai 2024) after Serena Williams, [[Maria Sharapova]] den [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240222022259/https://twitter.com/OptaAce/status/1760342067601907768 |archive-date=22 February 2024 |access-date=22 February 2024}}</ref> She then advance to de semifinals wer she loose to [[Anna Kalinskaya]] insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|title=Dubai Tennis Championships: World number one Iga Swiatek loses semi-final against qualifier Anna Kalinskaya|work=BBC Sport|date=23 February 2024|access-date=23 February 2024|archive-date=23 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240223202221/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68386680|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd March, Świątek win de Indian Wells Open for a second time, defeating Maria Sakkari insyd de final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=17 March 2024 |title=Swiatek dominates Sakkari to win second Indian Wells crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506105052/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-dominates-maria-sakkari-to-win-second-indian-wells-crown/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Na dis be ein second title of de season den 19th overall.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|title=Indian Wells: Iga Swiatek earns dominant win over Maria Sakkari for second title|work=BBC Sport|date=17 March 2024|access-date=18 March 2024|archive-date=17 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240317235510/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/68593475|url-status=live}}</ref> Insyd Miami, she record ein 100th WTA 1000 career match win defeating Camila Giorgi insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 March 2024 |title=In her 100th WTA 1000 match, Swiatek triumphs over Giorgi in Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324000745/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3940167/in-her-100th-wta-1000-match-swiatek-triumphs-over-giorgi-in-miami |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> Insyd April, Świątek enter de Stuttgart Open as a two-time defending champion wey she reach de semifinal wer she loose to Elena Rybakina insyd three sets,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=20 April 2024 |title=Swiatek's Stuttgart Open reign ended by Rybakina |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104151/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiateks-stuttgart-open-reign-ended-by-rybakina/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich end ein 10-match winning streak insyd de tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 April 2024 |title=Rybakina ends Swiatek's winning streak in Stuttgart; faces Kostyuk in final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421081330/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3973902/rybakina-ends-swiateks-10-match-winning-streak-in-stuttgart-to-reach-final |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> Insyd de same month, she enter ein 100th week as de reigning world No. 1 surpassing [[Lindsay Davenport]] den moving to de ninth place insyd de all-time table.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=23 April 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's 100 weeks as world No 1: The streak, the slams, the bagels |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424151132/https://theathletic.com/5434962/2024/04/23/iga-swiatek-100-weeks-world-number-one-stats/ |archive-date=24 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=theathletic.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahmed |first=Nurein |date=15 April 2024 |title=Swiatek Overtakes Davenport And Closes Up On 100th Week as world No. 1 |url=https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240426213320/https://tennis-infinity.com/wta/swiatek-overtakes-three-time-grand-slam-winner-davenport-for-most-weeks-at-no-1 |archive-date=26 April 2024 |access-date=26 April 2024 |website=tennis-infinity.com}}</ref> At de Madrid Open, she reach de final wer she face de defending champion den second seed, Aryna Sabalenka. Świątek play de longest match against Sabalenka insyd ein career thus far, wich last over three hours. Świątek save three championship points insyd de third set wey she win ein 20th career title.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=4 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win classic Madrid Open final |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506104152/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-beats-sabalenka-to-win-classic-madrid-open-final/ |archive-date=6 May 2024 |access-date=6 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek wins three-set duel against Aryna Sabalenka to take Madrid crown |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203720/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/may/04/iga-swiatek-wins-three-set-thriller-with-aryna-sabalenka-to-take-madrid-crown |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=theguardian.con}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IGA ŚWIATEK ZODBYŁA W MADRYCIE 20. TYTUŁ. TYLE SAMO MIAŁA AGNIESZKA RADWAŃSKA |url=https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152810/https://eurosport.tvn24.pl/tenis/wta-madryt/2024/iga-swiatek-zdobyla-w-madrycie-20-tytul.-tyle-samo-miala-agnieszka-radwanska_sto10129636/story.shtml |archive-date=5 May 2024 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=eurosport.tvn24.pl |language=pl}}</ref> De match be called de best of dema rivalry,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref> wey Świątek dey state say na e be "de most intense den crazy final" she play.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Abulleil |first=Reem |date=6 May 2024 |title=Madrid: Swiatek stars in thriller, Rublev pulls off miracle |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507032712/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/wta-atp-madrid-1000-iga-swiatek-andrey-rublev-titles |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=30 May 2024 |website=www.rolandgarros.com |language=en-us}}</ref> Insyd May, at de Italian Open, she reach a second consecutive final plus a win over world No. 3, Coco Gauff, insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 May 2024 |title=Swiatek won second consecutive WTA 1000 final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240516172457/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4017300/swiatek-ousts-gauff-in-rome-into-second-consecutive-wta-1000-final |archive-date=16 May 2024 |access-date=16 May 2024}}</ref> Insyd de final, she beat Aryna Sabalenka, dis time insyd straight sets, becoming de most successful Polish tennis player insyd terms of de number of titles she win surpassing [[Agnieszka Radwańska]] plus 21. Na e sanso be ein tenth WTA 1000 title den fourth on clay, den de third insyd Rome. She cam be de third female player after Serena Williams den [[Dinara Safina]] to complete de Madrid-Rome double,<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 May 2024 |title=Swiatek beats Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518183114/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4019644/swiatek-storms-past-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek routs Aryna Sabalenka to win third Rome title |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519010648/https://www.lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-routs-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-third-rome-title/ |archive-date=19 May 2024 |access-date=19 May 2024 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> den de first player, female anaa male, to achieve am since 2013 wen both Williams den [[Rafael Nadal]] win Madrid den Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Berkok |first=John |date=18 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek defeats Aryna Sabalenka to win Rome and complete rare Madrid-Rome sweep |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518211157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-defeats-aryna-sabalenka-to-win-rome-and-complete-rare-madrid-rome-sweep |archive-date=18 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Świątek win de 2024 French Open,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-06-08 |title=Swiatek sinks Paolini to win fourth French Open crown |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112700/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-sinks-paolini-to-win-fourth-french-open-crown/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> wich na be ein third French Open title insyd a row den fourth overall. Świątek loose one set during de tournament, wich na be to Naomi Osaka insyd de second round, insyd wich Osaka hold match point insyd de third set.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2024-05-29 |title=Swiatek fights back to beat Osaka in French Open classic |url=https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240701112657/https://www.lovegametennis.com/swiatek-fights-back-to-beat-osaka-in-french-open-classic/ |archive-date=1 July 2024 |access-date=2024-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> After defeating Osaka, Świątek loose only 17 games, defeating Marie Bouzková insyd de third round, Anastasia Potapova insyd de fourth round, Markéta Vondroušová insyd de quarterfinal, Coco Gauff insyd de semi-final, den [[Jasmine Paolini]] insyd de final. Świątek cam be de third player insyd history to win three consecutive French Open titles, after [[Monica Seles]] den [[Justine Henin]], den de second woman to win Madrid, Rome, den de French Open insyd de same season, after Serena Williams insyd 2013.<ref>{{cite web |date=8 June 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek: World No 1 races to third straight French Open title against Jasmine Paolini |url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608150503/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13149799/iga-swiatek-world-no-1-races-to-third-straight-french-open-title-against-jasmine-paolini |archive-date=8 June 2024 |access-date=8 June 2024 |publisher=Sky Sports}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Shahida|date=8 June 2024|title=Incredible Iga Swiatek stats as Pole equals Serena Williams' rare feat with title run at Roland Garros|url=https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros|url-status=live|work=Tennis365|no-pp=y|access-date=9 June 2024|archive-date=9 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240609033645/https://www.tennis365.com/french-open/incredible-iga-swiatek-stats-pole-equals-serena-williams-rare-feat-title-run-roland-garros}}</ref> Na she no play since ein French Open triumph, Świątek loose insyd round three at de 2024 Wimbledon Championships to Yulia Putintseva, thus ending ein 21-match winning streak.<ref>{{cite web |title=Putintseva knocks out No.1 Swiatek in Wimbledon third round |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240706173953/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4052766/putintseva-knocks-out-no-1-swiatek-in-wimbledon-third-round |archive-date=6 July 2024 |accessdate=6 July 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA}}</ref> At de [[2024 Summer Olympics]], Świątek defeat [[Irina-Camelia Begu]], [[Diane Parry]], [[Wang Xiyu]] den [[Danielle Collins]]. Insyd de semifinal, she loose to de eventual gold medalist Zheng Qinwen insyd straight sets.<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=1 August 2024|title=Tennis: Zheng reacts to shock win over Swiatek|url=https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|work=[[Olympics.com]]|archive-date=1 October 2024|access-date=14 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241001200834/https://olympics.com/en/paris-2024/live-updates/e72100f1-997b-45c3-bcd9-7f27a99c0a15|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Martyn Herman |date=1 August 2024 |title=Swiatek beaten in semi-finals by China's Zheng |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/olympics/tennis-swiatek-beaten-semi-finals-by-chinas-zheng-2024-08-01/ |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> Dis mark Świątek ein first loss insyd Paris after 1,149 days of staying undefeated.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Łukasz Godlewski |date=1 August 2024 |title=1149 dni i koniec! Dramat Igi Świątek w Paryżu |url=https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240801121604/https://przegladsportowy.onet.pl/igrzyska-olimpijskie/paryz-2024/1149-dni-i-koniec-dramat-igi-swiatek-w-paryzu/r10v9ez |archive-date=1 August 2024 |access-date=1 August 2024 |website=onet.pl |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd de bronze-medal match, she beat [[Anna Karolína Schmiedlová]] insyd straight sets, becoming de first player from Poland to win an Olympic medal insyd tennis.<ref>{{cite web |author=McCarvel, Nick |date=2 August 2024 |title=Paris 2024: Iga Swiatek claims bronze, blitzing Anna Karolina Schmiedlova for Poland's first Olympic medal in tennis |url=https://olympics.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-bronze-blitzing-anna-karolina-schmiedlova-poland-first-olympic-medal-tennis |accessdate=2 August 2024 |publisher=Olympics}}</ref> At de Cincinnati Open, Świątek reach de semifinals wer she loose to Aryna Sabalenka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sabalenka topples Swiatek to make first Cincinnati final; faces Pegula |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4e087500/sabalenka-topples-swiatek-to-make-first-cincinnati-final-faces-pegula |access-date=19 August 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> At de 2024 US Open, Świątek loose insyd de quarterfinals to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Chris Oddo |date=4 September 2024 |title=Pegula upsets Swiatek to reach first Grand Slam semifinal at 2024 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240908181834/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2024-09-04/pegula_upsets_swiatek_to_reach_first_grand_slam_semifinal_at_2024_us_open.html |archive-date=8 September 2024 |access-date=8 September 2024 |website=usopen.org}}</ref> She play at de WTA Finals as de No. 2 seed den defending champion, buh she loose to Coco Gauff insyd two sets. Ein defeat mean Sabalenka go fini de year as WTA No. 1.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref> De ITF proclaimed Świątek ein year-end world champion for 2024.<ref>{{cite web |title=Swiatek, Paolini and Errani named 2024 ITF World Champions |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4201857/swiatek-paolini-and-errani-named-2024-itf-world-champions |access-date=22 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |publisher=WTA |language=en}}</ref> Świątek receive a one-month suspension insyd November 2024 following a positive test for a banned substance trimetazidine. Na dem find de drug to be a contaminant insyd a sleep medication [[melatonin]] wey na she dey take, so she be handed a penalty wey na e be at de lowest end of de range for "No Significant Fault anaa Negligence".<ref>{{cite web |title=DECISION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TENNIS INTEGRITY AGENCY PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 7.14 OF THE 2024 TENNIS ANTI-DOPING PROGRAMME |url=https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128152403/https://www.itia.tennis/media/re1pfjkz/2024-11-27-itia-v-swiatek-itia-decision.pdf |archive-date=28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=ITIA}}</ref> Nevertheless, na she for miss three tournaments while na ein case be considered wey dem forfeit ein prize money from de Cincinnati Open.<ref>{{cite news|last=Poole|first=Henry|date=11 November 2024|title='Toughest battle in my life' – Swiatek accepts one-month doping ban|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|work=BBC|archive-date=28 November 2024|access-date=28 November 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241128175542/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2z5ek3m5mo|url-status=live}}</ref> === 2025: Wimbledon champion, Career Surface Slam === Świątek enter de [[2025 United Cup|United Cup]] representing Team Poland for de third time insyd ein career. Plus ein team, Świątek advance to de final wey na Team United States win.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Fritz também vence e EUA conquistam a United Cup |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105114127/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/fritz-tambem-vence-e-eua-conquistam-a-united-cup.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> Insyd dis edition, Świątek play five singles matches wey she loose only one of dem, against Coco Gauff insyd de final tie.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cruz |first=Mário Sérgio |date=2025-01-05 |title=Gauff volta a superar Iga e coloca os EUA em vantagem |url=https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105112317/https://tenisbrasil.uol.com.br/gauff-volta-a-superar-iga-e-coloca-os-eua-em-vantagem.html |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=TenisBrasil |language=pt-BR}}</ref> She sanso play two mixed doubles matches: one alongside [[Hubert Hurkacz]] den de oda alongside [[Jan Zieliński]]. She den ein partners win both those matches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Iga Swiatek powers Poland to thrilling United Cup win against Norway |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250105113929/https://www.atptour.com/en/news/norway-poland-united-cup-2025-monday |archive-date=5 January 2025 |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=ATP Tour |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 2025 |title=Swiatek holds off Muchova; Poland advances to United Cup quarterfinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4192696/swiatek-holds-off-muchova-poland-and-czechs-tied-1-1-at-united-cup |access-date=2025-01-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Australian Open, Świątek make am to ein first semifinal since 2022, buh she loose to eventual champion Madison Keys insyd three sets despite winning de first set den holding a match point insyd de deciding set.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-23 |title=Keys saves match point, stuns Swiatek in Australian Open semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4202890/keys-saves-match-point-stuns-swiatek-in-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2025-01-23 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> At de Qatar Ladies Open, Świątek reach de semifinals, before losing to [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] extending dema head-to-head to 0–5.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2025 |title=Ostapenko makes it a perfect 5–0 against Swiatek to reach Doha final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4216096/ostapenko-makes-it-a-perfect-5-0-against-swiatek-to-reach-doha-final |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> She then be defeated insyd de quarter-finals of de Dubai Championships by de eventual champion, [[Mirra Andreeva]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2025 |title=Mirra Andreeva stuns Swiatek to become youngest-ever Dubai semifinalist |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4219684/mirra-andreeva-stuns-swiatek-to-become-youngest-ever-dubai-semifinalist |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Insyd de semifinals of de Indian Wells Open, Świątek san loose to Andreeva, dis time insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 March 2025 |title=Indian Wells takeaways: Andreeva dethrones Swiatek in semifinal thriller |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4233486/indian-wells-takeaways-andreeva-dethrones-swiatek-in-semifinal-thriller |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de clay-court season, Świątek fail to defend both ein Madrid den Italian Open titles, winning only one game insyd both sets against Coco Gauff insyd de Madrid semifinal (ein lowest number of game wins on clay since de 2019 French Open),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 May 2025 |title=Gauff dominates Swiatek to reach Madrid final for the first time |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4257249/gauff-dominates-swiatek-to-reach-madrid-final-for-the-first-time |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> wey she suffer a third-round loss to Danielle Collins insyd Rome.<ref>{{cite web |date=10 May 2025 |title=With fearless hitting, Collins knocks out defending champ Iga Świątek in Rome |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4262503/with-fearless-hitting-collins-knocks-out-defending-champ-iga-swiatek-in-rome |accessdate=18 May 2025 |website=wtatennis.com |publisher=WTATennis}}</ref> As a result, Świątek fall to world No. 5, ein lowest ranking since March 2022. At de French Open, Świątek be seeded fifth, beating former major champions [[Emma Raducanu]] den Elena Rybakina, de latter of wich last three sets despite Świątek ein own be a set den a break behind. After beating Elina Svitolina insyd de quarterfinals, Świątek loose ein semifinal match to Sabalenka insyd three sets. Dis mark de first time Świątek no reach de final since 2021, she snap ein 26-match-winning streak at de French Open. As a result, she drop further insyd de rankings to No. 7.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> During de grass-court season, Świątek reach de final of de Bad Homburg Open by defeating Jasmine Paolini insyd de semifinals. Dis mark ein first tour-level final on grass, plus ein previous best result dey reach de semifinal at de same tournament. Insyd de final, she loose to Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite web |date=28 June 2025 |title=Pegula handles Swiatek to win Bad Homburg title |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45602823/pegula-handles-swiatek-straight-sets-win-bad-homburg-title}}</ref> At Wimbledon, Świątek continue ein career-best grass-court form to reach de semifinal for de first time, insyd wich she defeat Belinda Bencic to de loss of only two games to make ein first Wimbledon final. She defeat [[Amanda Anisimova]] 6–0, 6–0 insyd dema first professional matchup to win ein first Wimbledon title.<ref>{{cite news|title=Swiatek eases past Bencic into first career Wimbledon final|url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4307966/swiatek-eases-past-bencic-into-first-career-wimbledon-final|publisher=[[Women's Tennis Association]]|date=10 July 2025|access-date=10 July 2025}}</ref> Na e be de first double bagel women's singles Wimbledon final since 1911.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 12, 2025 |title=Iga Swiatek dominates Amanda Anisimova to win Wimbledon 2025 |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/45724291/iga-swiatek-dominates-amanda-anisimova-win-wimbledon-2025-title |accessdate=July 12, 2025 |website=espn.com |publisher=ESPN}}</ref> Świątek claim a maiden victory at de Cincinnati Open insyd August. After defeating Elena Rybakina insyd de semi-finals,<ref>{{cite news|last=Sutcliffe|first=Steve|title=Swiatek to face Paolini in Cincinnati final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c5y2dkje14yo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=17 August 2025}}</ref> she then triumph over Jasmine Paolini to seal de title. Świątek no drop a set during de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Anderson|first=Jess|title=Swiatek beats Paolini to win Cincinnati title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgn1e7l1ppo|access-date=20 August 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=19 August 2025}}</ref> She then enter de mixed doubles at de 2025 US Open, wich na dem hold de week prior to de singles draw. She den doubles partner [[Casper Ruud]] be defeated insyd de final by Sara Errani den [[Andrea Vavassori]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title='Mission completed' - doubles specialists win US Open mixed title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=21 August 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905050038/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cvg046gy0p6o|archive-date=5 September 2025}}</ref> Insyd de singles draw, she exit de tournament insyd de quarter-finals after she be overcam by Amanda Anisimova insyd straight sets.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Anderson|first1=Jess|title=Brilliant Anisimova gains revenge on Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwy94dl11exo|access-date=5 September 2025|work=BBC Sport|date=3 September 2025}}</ref> At de WTA Finals, Świątek win ein opening round-robin group game against Madison Keys, buh she then suffer successive defeats to Elena Rybakina den Amanda Anisimova to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kane|first=David|title=Iga Swiatek ponders "karma" after WTA Finals exit, Amanda Anisimova defeat|url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-ponders-karma-wta-finals-exit-amanda-anisimova-defeat|access-date=7 November 2025|work=Tennis.com|date=5 November 2025}}</ref> === 2026: Canadian Open den United Cup champion === Insyd January, na Świątek be part of de Polish team wey defeat Switzerland insyd de final of de United Cup. She loose ein opening singles match of de final to Belinda Bencic, buh Poland go on to win de next two matches to win de tournament for de first time.<ref>{{cite news|last=Nelson|first=Craig|title=Poland beat Switzerland for debut United Cup title|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cd9el3z85yxo|access-date=11 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=11 January 2026}}</ref> Ein attempt to plete a Career Grand Slam at de 2026 Australian Open end at de quarterfinal stage. She be defeated insyd straight sets by eventual champion [[Elena Rybakina]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Jurejko|first=Jonathan|title=Swiatek's career Grand Slam bid falls flat against Rybakina|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c3ve27yq3y4o|access-date=28 January 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=28 January 2026}}</ref> Świątek reach de quarterfinals of de Qatar Open, losing to Maria Sakkari,<ref>{{cite news|title=Mboko shocks Rybakina as Swiatek loses to Sakkari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/ce940gd13xxo|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> wey she then withdraw from de Dubai Tennis Championship.<ref>{{cite news|last=Braidwood|first=Jamie|title=Aryna Sabalenka and Iga Swiatek both withdraw from one of the WTA's biggest events|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/tennis/sabalenka-swiatek-dubai-withdrawal-wta-b2920029.html|access-date=14 March 2026|work=[[The Independent]]|date=13 February 2026}}</ref> She then progress to de quarterfinals of de BNP Paribas Open wer she be defeated by Elina Svitolina.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sabalenka beats 'future champion' Mboko, Swiatek out|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/czj1ze9l8xro|access-date=14 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=13 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek sanso drop to No. 3 after Rybakina reach de final. Świątek then loose ein opening match insyd Miami to compatriot [[Magda Linette]], ending a streak of 73 opening match wins.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2026 |title=In Miami, Linette ends Swiatek's 73-match opening win streak |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4472909/linette-ends-swiateks-73-match-opening-win-streak-into-miami-third-round |accessdate=21 March 2026 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> On March 23, 2026, shortly after de Miami exit, Świątek announce a coaching split plus Wim Fissette. Despite winning ein first Wimbledon title under ein guidance insyd 2025, de pair decide to part ways following ein dip in form during de early 2026 hardcourt swing.<ref>{{cite news|last=Salley|first=Emily|title=Swiatek splits from coach after Miami exit|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c2ev7jx7lzzo|access-date=29 March 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 March 2026}}</ref> Świątek consult plus [[Rafael Nadal]] regarding ein coaching set-up wey she subsequently appoint ein former coach [[Francisco Roig]] to ein coaching team.<ref>{{cite news|last=Jackson|first=Bobbie|title=Swiatek advised by Nadal as she appoints his old coach|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|access-date=7 April 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=2 April 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260407084126/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cwydk10mvjno|archive-date=7 April 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Marta_Kostyuk_vs_Iga_Świątek_at_the_2026_Roland_Garros_(317)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|Świątek at de 2026 French Open]] During de clay season, Świątek reach de semifinals of de Italian Open as top seed, wer na [[Elina Svitolina]] beat am.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Toomer |first1=Jessica |date=14 May 2026 |title=Elina Svitolina Upsets Elena Rybakina, Ties Serena Williams's Italian Open Record |url=https://justwomenssports.com/reads/elina-svitolina-italian-open-upset-rybakina-rome-2026-serena-williams-record/ |access-date=14 May 2026 |website=Just Women's Sports}}</ref> At de French Open, she exit insyd de fourth round following a straight sets defeat to [[Marta Kostyuk]]. Ein defeat mean say na no win a clay court title since ein French Open win insyd 2024.<ref>{{cite news|last=Battison|first=Paul|title=Kostyuk beats four-time French Open winner Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cvgzy1k2e51o|access-date=23 June 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=31 May 2026}}</ref> Świątek begin ein grass court season insyd Bad Homburg, wer she loose ein opening match to Emma Navarro insyd three sets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-24 |title=Navarro knocks out top seed Swiatek in Bad Homburg |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4526191/navarro-ousts-top-seed-swiatek-in-bad-homburg-svitolina-withdraws-with-right-hip-injury |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na e be ein second straight loss to de American. Seeded third at Wimbledon, she open ein title defence plus a win over American doubles specialist Taylor Townsend.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roopanarine |first=Les |date=2026-06-30 |title=Iga Swiatek survives Wimbledon scare against Taylor Townsend |url=https://lovegametennis.com/iga-swiatek-wimbledon-scare-taylor-townsend/ |access-date=2026-07-01 |website=Love Game Tennis |language=en-GB}}</ref> Ein tournament end following a third-round defeat to [[Alexandra Eala]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Wimbledon: Iga Swiatek suffers third-round exit as defending women's champion beaten by Alexandra Eala in huge shock|url=https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|access-date=5 July 2026|work=Sky Sports|date=4 July 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260705042818/https://www.skysports.com/tennis/news/12110/13560408/wimbledon-iga-swiatek-suffers-third-round-exit-as-defending-womens-champion-beaten-by-alexandra-eala-in-huge-shock|archive-date=5 July 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> On August 13, Świątek defeat Elena Rybakina insyd straight sets to win de Canadian Open insyd Toronto, ein first WTA tour-level title of 2026 den de 26th of ein career.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Press |first=The Canadian |date=2026-08-13 |title=Swiatek beats Rybakina in women's singles final at National Bank Open in Toronto |url=https://www.cp24.com/news/sports/2026/08/13/swiatek-beats-rybakina-in-womens-singles-final-at-national-bank-open-in-toronto/ |access-date=2026-08-13 |website=CP24 |language=en-CA}}</ref> De following week, she advance to de semifinals of de Cincinnati Open, wer she be defeated by Jessica Pegula.<ref>{{cite news|last=Winter|first=Jude|title=Pegula's three-hour epic sets up all‑US final|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|access-date=24 August 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=23 August 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260824065746/https://www.bbc.com/sport/tennis/articles/cr595z6jqjdo|archive-date=24 August 2026|url-status=live}}</ref> At de U.S. Open, Świątek progress to de fourth round to set up a meeting plus Zheng Qinwen. She take a 5–0 lead insyd de opening set, before losing seven straight games. She then loose de second set to exit de tournament.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cartwright|first=Phil|title=Zheng wins set from 5-0 down again to stun Swiatek|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/cm2ml7xxg80o|access-date=8 September 2026|work=BBC Sport|date=7 September 2026}}</ref> == National representation == === Junior competitions === [[File:Kaja_Juvan_and_Iga_Swiatek_02.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek ''(left)'' den [[Kaja Juvan]], de 2018 Summer Youth Olympics gold medallists insyd girls' doubles]] Świątek represent Poland at de ITF World Junior Tennis Finals for 14-and-under girls twice insyd 2014 den 2015. She win all of ein matches insyd 2014 to lead Poland to a ninth-place finish out of 16 teams. De following year, she help Poland go undefeated insyd de round-robin stage to reach de semi-finals.<ref name="itf-junior-singles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Singles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/s/activity/ |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref><ref name="itf-junior-doubles">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Junior Doubles Activity |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303070216/https://www.itftennis.com/en/players/iga-swiatek/800375475/pol/jt/d/activity/ |archive-date=3 March 2021 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Świątek move up to de 16-and-under Junior Fed Cup insyd 2016, wer she play alongside [[Maja Chwalińska]] den Stefania Rogozińska-Dzik. Poland win de title, defeating de United States 2–1 insyd de final. Świątek win both of ein rubbers insyd de final tie, defeating [[Amanda Anisimova]] insyd singles before partnering plus Chwalińska to defeat [[Caty McNally]] den [[Claire Liu]] insyd de decisive doubles rubber.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=2 October 2016 |title=US Girls Fall to Poland in Junior Fed Cup Final, Russia Claims Junior Davis Cup; Collins, Coopersmith Win USTA Pro Circuit Titles |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008081359/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2016/10/us-girls-fall-to-poland-in-junior-fed.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref> Na de last event of Świątek ein junior career be de 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games. Although she loose insyd de quarterfinals insyd singles to [[Clara Burel]],<ref>{{cite web |date=12 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: "I always dreamed of the Olympics! |url=https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029003926/https://www.olympic.org/news/iga-swiatek-i-always-dreamed-of-the-olympics |archive-date=29 October 2020 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Olympics}}</ref> she partner plus Slovenian [[Kaja Juvan]] to win de gold medal insyd doubles. Insyd de final dem defeat Naito den Sato, weu na dem sanso be Świątek ein opponents insyd de French Open doubles final earlier insyd de year.<ref name="french-open-doubles">{{cite web |last1=Lewis |first1=Colette |date=9 June 2018 |title=Gauff Wins French Open Girls Title over McNally in Third Set Tiebreaker; McNally Claims Girls Doubles Title; Tseng Captures Boys Title in Paris |url=http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008205818/http://tenniskalamazoo.blogspot.com/2018/06/gauff-wins-french-open-girls-title-over.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=ZooTennis.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=14 October 2018 |title=Gold for Poland at Youth Olympics |url=http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008061401/http://archiwum.thenews.pl/1/5/Artykul/387157,Gold-for-Poland-at-Youth-Olympics |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=4 October 2020 |website=Radio Poland}}</ref> === Billie Jean King Cup === Świątek make ein senior Billie Jean King Cup debut insyd 2018 wen na Poland dey insyd Europe/Africa Zone Group I. To advance out of dis group, Poland need to win dema round-robin group, a play-off tie against one of de oda round-robin group winners, den then anoda play-off tie as part of de separate World Group II Play-off round. Na dem no win dema round-robin group insyd 2018 anaa 2019. Świątek win ein only singles match insyd 2018. While she win only one of ein three singles matches insyd 2019, she win both of ein doubles rubbers while partnering plus [[Alicja Rosolska]]. De following year, na de format be changed so say Poland need to finish insyd only de top two out of three teams insyd dema round-robin group to reach de promotional play-off. Nonetheless, dem win dema group wey dem defeat Sweden 2–0 insyd de play-off to advance to de separate Play-off round. Świątek win all three of ein singles matches insyd de 2020 Europe/Africa Zone Group I round,<ref name="bjk-cup" /> before skipping de Play-offs demaselves.<ref>{{cite web |last=Fink |first=Nikolaus |date=18 March 2021 |title=Iga Swiatek – Yes to the Olympics, No to the Billie Jean King Cup |url=https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165039/https://www.tennisnet.com/en/news/iga-swiatek-yes-to-the-olympics-no-to-the-billie-jean-king-cup |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=Tennisnet}}</ref> Na de following edition insyd 2022 get Poland facing Romania insyd de qualifying round, wey Świątek win ein two games to help de team move on to de Finals.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 April 2022 |title=Swiatek steers Poland into Billie Jean King Cup finals; Czechs outlast Brits |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165037/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/2576800/swiatek-steers-poland-into-billie-jean-king-cup-finals-czechs-outlast-brits |archive-date=17 November 2022 |access-date=17 November 2022 |publisher=WTA}}</ref> However, na she no attend de finals secof de decisive round started very soon after de 2022 WTA Finals.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|title=Iga Swiatek out of Billie Jean King Cup, saying scheduling is 'not safe'|publisher=Associated Press|date=3 October 2022|access-date=17 November 2022|archive-date=17 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221117165038/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34719091/iga-swiatek-billie-jean-king-cup-saying-scheduling-not-safe|url-status=live}}</ref> De rib injury Świątek encounter shortly after exiting de 2023 Indian Wells Open sanso cause am to miss Poland ein 2023 Billie Jean King cup qualifier against Kazakhstan insyd Astana.<ref>{{cite web |date=22 March 2023 |title=Defending champion Swiatek withdraws from Miami |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322145829/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3118945/defending-champion-swiatek-withdraws-from-miami |archive-date=22 March 2023 |access-date=22 March 2023}}</ref> Overall, Świątek get a 9–3 record at de Fed Cup, wey dey comprise 7–2 insyd singles den 2–1 insyd doubles.<ref name="bjk-cup">{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek Poland |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511092308/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/players/player.aspx?id=800375475 |archive-date=11 May 2022 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Billie Jean King Cup}}</ref> Insyd 2024, Świątek participate insyd a match against Switzerland winning two matches insyd singles den dey contribute to Poland ein 4–0 win, wich secure de country ein place insyd November ein Finals insyd Seville for a third consecutive year.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Clark |first=Kate |date=13 April 2024 |title=Switzerland 0–4 Poland: Swiatek seals deal to send Poles into Finals |url=https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240416211410/https://www.billiejeankingcup.com/en/bjkc/content/switzerland%200-3%20poland:%20swiatek%20seals%20deal%20to%20send%20poles%20into%20finals-2 |archive-date=16 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |website=billiejeankingcup.com}}</ref> Świątek help Poland reach de semifinals of de 2024 BJK Cup plus wins insyd singles den insyd doubles partnering compatriot [[Katarzyna Kawa]] over Czechia.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek leads Poland to first BJK Cup semifinal with singles and doubles wins over Czech team |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-leads-poland-first-bjk-cup-semifinal-singles-doubles-wins-czech-team}}</ref> Na e be de first semifinals insyd de BJK Cup Finals insyd dema nation ein history.<ref>{{cite web |date=16 November 2024 |title=Swiatek wins in singles and doubles as Poland moves into BJK Cup semifinals |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241117012027/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4170028/swiatek-wins-in-singles-and-doubles-as-poland-moves-into-bjk-cup-semifinals |archive-date=17 November 2024 |access-date=17 November 2024}}</ref> == Rivalries == === Aryna Sabalenka === Świątek den [[Aryna Sabalenka]] meet 13 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Aryna Sabalenka vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/320760/326408 |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema rivalry be seen as having a potential to be counted among those wey shape de history of tennis.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Baudu |first=Jérémy |date=25 May 2024 |title=Swiatek vs Sabalenka: A historic rivalry |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524224037/https://www.tennismajors.com/roland-garros-news/swiatek-vs-sabalenka-a-rivalry-that-calls-for-entry-into-the-tennis-history-books-762903.html |archive-date=24 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis Majors |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Korin |date=31 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek And Aryna Sabelenka Have Faced Off 11 Times |url=https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603005845/https://www.womenshealthmag.com/life/a60962921/iga-swiatek-aryna-sabalenka/ |archive-date=3 June 2024 |access-date=3 June 2024 |website=Women's Health |language=en-US}}</ref> Dema most laud match be de 2024 Madrid Open final insyd wich Świątek defeat defending champion Sabalenka insyd three sets after 3 hours den 11 minutes, sanso dey save three championship points insyd de process.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Tignor |first=Steve |date=5 May 2024 |title=Big finals don't get much tighter, or better, than Iga Swiatek and Aryna Sabalenka's melee in Madrid |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507143630/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/big-finals-don-t-get-much-tighter-or-better-than-iga-swiatek-and-aryna-sabalenka-s-melee-in-madrid |archive-date=7 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Trollope |first=Matt |date=7 May 2024 |title=Swiatek v Sabalenka: A must-see match-up in tennis |url=https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529220820/https://ausopen.com/articles/news/swiatek-v-sabalenka-must-see-match-tennis |archive-date=29 May 2024 |access-date=29 May 2024 |website=ausopen.com |language=en}}</ref> Sabalenka go end Świątek ein 26-match winning streak at de French Open by defeating am insyd de 2025 French Open semifinal 7–6(1), 4–6, 6–0.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-06-05 |title=World No. 1 Sabalenka dethrones Swiatek to reach first Roland Garros final |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4278830/world-no-1-sabalenka-dethrones-swiatek-to-reach-first-roland-garros-final |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> === Coco Gauff === Świątek den [[Coco Gauff]] meet 16 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 11–5 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Head To Head: Coco Gauff vs. Iga Świątek |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/328560/326408 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dema last four matches, three of wich be de 2024 WTA Finals, 2025 United Cup final, den again at de 2026 United Cup semifinal wey Gauff win.<ref name="Carayol">{{Cite news|last=Carayol|first=Tumaini|date=2024-11-05|title=Gauff storms to second-ever win over Swiatek at WTA Finals in Riyadh|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2024/nov/05/tennis-coco-gauff-iga-swiatek-wta-finals|access-date=2024-11-06|work=The Guardian|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 5, 2025 |title=Stars and stripes reign in Sydney as Gauff and Fritz clinch United Cup |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250114122427/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4194306/stars-and-stripes-reign-in-sydney-as-gauff-and-fritz-clinch-united-cup |archive-date=14 January 2025 |access-date=18 January 2025 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-10 |title=Gauff bests Swiatek as United States vs. Poland semifinal heads to mixed doubles |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/4431917/coco-gauff-bests-iga-swiatek-as-united-states-vs-poland-united-cup-semifinal-heads-to-mixed-doubles |access-date=2026-01-10 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Dem play each oda three times at majors, plus all of dese matches wey Świątek win insyd straight sets: 2022 French Open final,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 4, 2022 |title=How Iga Swiatek won the 2022 French Open – and why she could dominate for the foreseeable future |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103133906/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/34036326/how-iga-swiatek-won-2022-french-open-why-dominate-foreseeable-future |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> 2023 French Open quarterfinal,<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 7, 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek continues success vs. Coco Gauff, into French semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/37811652/iga-swiatek-continues-success-vs-coco-gauff-french-semis |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> den 2024 French Open semifinal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 6, 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek overwhelms Coco Gauff to reach French Open final |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240930122150/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/40290958/iga-swiatek-overwhelms-coco-gauff-reach-french-open-final |archive-date=30 September 2024 |access-date=1 December 2024 |website=ESPN}}</ref> === Elena Rybakina === Świątek develop a prominent rivalry plus [[Elena Rybakina]]. De two meet 14 times since 2021, wey Świątek dey lead de head-to-head at 8–6 insyd official competitions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis Head-to-Head {{!}} Compare Stats & Match History - WTA Tennis |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/head-to-head/326408/324166 |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Na Rybakina lead earlier insyd dema careers before Świątek begin to pull ahead. Swiatek defeat Rybakina to win win seventh WTA 1000 title at de 2024 Qatar TotalEnergies Open.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tennis.com |title=Top-ranked Iga Swiatek wins her third straight Qatar Open |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/top-ranked-swiatek-wins-her-third-straight-qatar-open |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Tennis.com |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina cam back from a set down to snap a 4-match losing streak insyd 2025 WTA Finals insyd Riyadh.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rybakina in striking distance of semis following comeback win over Swiatek in Riyadh |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/videos/4395607/rybakina-in-striking-distance-of-semis-following-comeback-win-over-swiatek-in-riyadh |access-date=2025-11-04 |website=Women's Tennis Association |language=en}}</ref> Rybakina san go defeat am at de 2026 Australian Open quarterfinals insyd straight sets.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Services |first=ESPN News |date=2026-01-28 |title=Elena Rybakina tops Iga Swiatek to reach Australian Open semis |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/47749376/elena-rybakina-defeats-iga-swiatek-straight-sets-reach-2026-australian-open-semifinals |access-date=2026-01-28 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref> === Jeļena Ostapenko === As of June 2025, [[Jeļena Ostapenko]] dey lead Iga Świątek 6–0 insyd dema head-to-head, wey dey make am de only active player to have an undefeated record against Świątek across multiple matches. Dema encounters span all surfaces, wey Ostapenko dey claim key wins at de 2023 US Open den de 2025 Stuttgart Open. Ein aggressive, na high-risk style consistently unsettle Świątek.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-22 |title=Why Can't Iga Swiatek Beat Jelena Ostapenko? |url=https://www.tennisabstract.com/blog/2025/04/22/why-cant-iga-swiatek-beat-jelena-ostapenko/}}</ref> == Playing style == [[File:Swiatek_backhand_2023_US_Open.jpg|left|thumb|Świątek dey hit a backhand at de 2023 US Open]] Świątek get an aggressive, all-court style of play den dey incorporate a lot of variety into ein game. Secof ein game style be focused on offence, she typically dey generate high amounts of both winners den unforced errors.<ref name="wozniacki">{{cite web |last=Kane |first=David |date=8 August 2019 |title='I handled the pressure' – Polish teen Swiatek learns from Halep loss to seal Wozniacki in Toronto |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808063303/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/i-handled-pressure-polish-teen-swiatek-learns-halep-loss-seal-wozniacki-toronto |archive-date=8 August 2019 |access-date=8 August 2019 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="all-court">{{cite web |last1=Chiesa |first1=Victoria |date=19 August 2020 |title=Next Up: Opportunity knocks for Iga Swiatek at 2020 US Open |url=https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200830062949/https://www.usopen.org/en_US/news/articles/2020-08-19/next_up_opportunity_knocks_for_iga_swiatek_at_2020_us_open.html |archive-date=30 August 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=US Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Abid |first1=Musab |date=27 January 2020 |title=Australian Open 2020: Poland's Iga Swiatek shows off her full potential as she goes down swinging to Anett Kontaveit |url=https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008152938/https://www.firstpost.com/sports/australian-open-2020-polands-iga-swiatek-shows-off-her-full-potential-as-she-goes-down-swinging-to-anett-kontaveit-7962171.html |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=First Post}}</ref> She describe ein style of play on clay as "a big serve, topspin, den backhand down de line".<ref name="insider">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=2 June 2019 |title=Insider Q&A: Iga Swiatek shines on in breakout Roland Garros run |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020032716/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1447828/insider-qa-iga-swiatek-shines-on-in-breakout-roland-garros-run |archive-date=20 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref> Despite ein aggressive style of play, she dey play plus margin, den dey construct points carefully til she dey create an opportunity to hit a winner, den insyd all seven of ein matches she play at de 2020 French Open, she hit more winners dan unforced errors. In total at de French Open dat year, she hit 175 winners to 127 unforced errors. Na de basis of Świątek ein game be described by tennis journalist [[Christopher Clarey]] for ''The New York Times'' as: ein sliding ability, wey dey allow am to defend from de corners ''à la'' [[Kim Clijsters]] den [[Novak Djokovic]], a "sprinter's speed" wen moving forward to de net, power den topspin akin to ein idol [[Rafael Nadal]], den mental strength forge thru sports psychology.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|title=Iga Swiatek, U.S. Open Winner, is Ready for Global Stardom|website=[[The New York Times]]|date=11 September 2022|access-date=11 September 2022|archive-date=11 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220911003108/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/10/sports/tennis/us-open-swiatek-jabeur.html|url-status=live|last1=Clarey|first1=Christopher}}</ref> Ein forehand den backhand be fast den powerful, wey ein forehand be hit plus significant topspin secof she dey employ an extreme western grip; on ein run to de title at de French Open insyd 2020, na Świątek ein average forehand speed be {{convert|73|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, only 4&nbsp;km/h below dat of de average male forehand speed. She even hit sam forehands up to {{convert|79|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw wey she be exceeded only by [[Jannik Sinner]] on de men's side. Ein forehand topspin reach 3,453 rpm at de French Open, comparable plus ein idol Rafael Nadal.<ref>{{cite web |date=11 October 2020 |title=Iga Swiatek: Her topspin, a new high for women's tennis |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027020008/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-her-top-spin-a-new-high-for-womens-tennis-6720134/ |archive-date=27 October 2020 |access-date=5 December 2020 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref> Świątek ein backhand speed peak at {{convert|76|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} at de French Open, de fastest of any female player insyd de draw, den equal to [[Dominic Thiem]] ein backhand speed, de fastest of any male player at de French Open.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mitchell |first1=Kevin |date=4 October 2020 |title=Simona Halep dumped out of French Open by Polish teenager Iga Swiatek |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207064659/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2020/oct/04/french-open-tennis-womens-singles-simona-halep-beaten-by-iga-swiatek |archive-date=7 December 2020 |access-date=7 December 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref><ref name="WTA May 19, 2022">{{Cite web |title=WTA May 19, 2022 Inside the rise of Iga Swiatek: Blistering forehands and unmatched aggression |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230114113353/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3018616/no-1-swiatek-not-taking-australian-open-opener-lightly |archive-date=14 January 2023 |access-date=14 January 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Considering ein dominance on clay, Świątek often be called de "Queen of Clay".<ref>{{cite web |date=23 May 2024 |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://www.reuters.com/sports/tennis/queen-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-paris-2024-05-23/ |accessdate=29 May 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek annointed as the Queen of Clay at Roland-Garros |url=https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203724/https://nationalbankopen.com/news/read/2023/iga-swiatek-annointed-queen-clay-roland-garros |archive-date=25 July 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=National Bank Open}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Queen of clay Swiatek looking untouchable in Paris |url=https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240530025450/https://supersport.com/tennis/roland-garros/news/eb349878-8b44-460d-86fd-3bb1668aaddf/queen-of-clay-swiatek-looking-untouchable-in-paris |archive-date=30 May 2024 |accessdate=29 May 2024 |publisher=SuperSport}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to cam to de net, wey she get good volleying skills secof ein doubles experience.<ref name="bounce">{{cite web |last1=Tignor |first1=Steve |date=4 October 2020 |title=Fresh Energy > Star Power: Iga Swiatek's and Martina Trevisan's Upsets |url=https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022184203/https://www.tennis.com/pro-game/2020/10/simona-halep-iga-swiatek-martina-trevisan-kiki-bertens-roland-garros/91210/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=tennis.com}}</ref> Świątek dey possess an accurate first serve, wey dey peak at {{convert|123|mph|km/h|abbr=on}},<ref>{{cite web |title=Infosys Match Centre, Roland Garros, 2024 |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606191535/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/matches/2024/SD002 |archive-date=6 June 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024}}</ref> den dey average at {{convert|108|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, wey dey allow am to serve aces, dictate play from de first stroke, den win a majority of first-serve points. She dey possess an effective kick serve, den an effective slice serve, wich be deployed as second serves, preventing opponents from scoring free points. Insyd earlier years of ein career, she regularly use de drop shot, wey she win de 2019 WTA Shot of de Year plus a cross-court drop shot from de baseline wey land on de sideline well insyd de service box.<ref name="shot-of-the-year">{{cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=Swiatek's deft dropshot crowned 2019 WTA Shot of the Year |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220232657/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1539535/swiatek-s-deft-dropshot-crowned-2019-wta-shot-of-the-year |archive-date=20 December 2019 |access-date=3 May 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Top-seeded Halep stunned by Swiatek, Nadal moves on |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008045258/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-10/04/c_139418631.htm |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Xinhua Net}}</ref> Since de beginning of ein collaboration plus Tomasz Wiktorowski, she simplify ein game den currently very rarely dey employ dis shot.<ref>{{cite web |title=Navratilova's tips: How Swiatek, Sabalenka and Gauff can elevate their game |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303233920/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3787721/navratilova-s-tips-how-swiatek-sabalenka-and-gauff-can-elevate-their-game |archive-date=3 March 2024 |access-date=6 June 2024 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> Świątek dey aim to gain de advantage insyd a point by hitting de ball early on de rise.<ref name="bounce" /> Further strengths dey include ein exceptional speed, movement, den court coverage, detailed den intricate footwork, den intelligent point construction. Ein favourite surface be clay, having grown up playing on dat surface, although she get success on all surfaces.<ref>{{cite web |last1=McLean |first1=Ross |date=26 June 2019 |title=Swiatek: Winning Wimbledon Changed Everything |url=https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031200935/https://www.itftennis.com/en/news-and-media/articles/swiatek-winning-wimbledon-changed-everything/ |archive-date=31 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=ITF Tennis}}</ref> Ein clay court success be enhanced by ein ability to slide on de surface; as ein career progress, she sanso develop de ability to slide on hard den grass courts, too. [[File:Iga_Swiatek_serving_in_2023.jpg|right|thumb|Świątek about to serve]] === Bagels den Breadsticks === Over Świątek ein WTA career up til May 2024 an average of 40.6 percent of ein matches be included either a 6–0 (bagel) set anaa a 6–1 (breadstick) set. As a result, chaw start to use de term "Iga's Bakery" to describe dis.<ref name="Eccleshare">{{cite web |last=Eccleshare |first=Charlie |date=24 May 2024 |title=Iga Swiatek's (tennis) bagels: How the WTA world No 1 bakes her 6–0 sets |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240526005341/https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/5509963/2024/05/23/iga-swiatek-tennis-bagels-6-0-sets-wta/?source=nyt_sports |archive-date=26 May 2024 |accessdate=26 May 2024 |website=The New York Times}}</ref> During de 2023 season she win a bagel set insyd 29 percent of ein matches dem compare plus an average of 11.4 per cent of matches for matches insyd wich na she no dey play.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> Ein closest bagel rivals be Coco Gauff den Jessica Pegula, both of whom score eight insyd 2023.<ref name="Eccleshare" /> As of July 2025, she dispense de rarer double bagel nine times insyd ein WTA career, three of wich cam during major tournaments (wich be against Xinyu Wang insyd de 2023 French Open, against [[Anastasia Potapova]] insyd de 2024 French Open, den against Amanda Anisimova insyd de 2025 Wimbledon final).<ref>{{cite web |last=Sutelan |first=Edward |date=7 June 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek bakery, explained: How tennis star's 'bagel & breadstick' dominance has led to meme |url=https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240527050500/https://www.sportingnews.com/us/tennis/news/iga-swiatek-bakery-meme-tennis-bagel-breadstick/swj9fwmjuhi7rolyxku6crpy |archive-date=27 May 2024 |accessdate=27 May 2024 |website=Sporting News}}</ref> == Coaching team == Świątek ein primary coach insyd ein early junior years be Michał Kaznowski, wey she work plus up to de 2016 French Open.<ref name="passa">{{cite web |last1=Petruczenko |first1=Maciej |date=18 July 2018 |title=Kobiecy wdzięk i męski serwis |trans-title=Feminine charm and masculine service |url=https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201181042/https://www.passa.waw.pl/artykul/kobiecy-wdziek-i-meski-serwis,2850?ref=2 |archive-date=1 December 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Passa |language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Łuczak |first1=Maciej |date=23 August 2016 |title=Iga Świątek: nie będę drugą Agnieszką Radwańską |trans-title=Iga Świątek: I will not be the second Agnieszka Radwańska |url=https://sport.tvp.pl/26656263/iga-swiatek-nie-bede-druga-agnieszka-radwanska |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010062430/https://sport.tvp.pl/26656263/iga-swiatek-nie-bede-druga-agnieszka-radwanska |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=TVP Sport |language=pl}}</ref> Na Jolanta Rusin-Krzepota be ein physical preparation trainer for almost four years thru de end of de 2019 US Open.<ref>{{cite web |last=Krogulec |first=Michał |date=8 September 2019 |title="To Były Wspaniałe Lata". Iga Swiątek Kończy Współpracę |trans-title="Those Were Great Years." Iga Swiątek Ends The Cooperation |url=https://tenisklub.pl/aktualnosci/to-byly-wspaniale-lata-iga-swiatek-konczy-wspolprace/61988/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124142342/https://tenisklub.pl/aktualnosci/to-byly-wspaniale-lata-iga-swiatek-konczy-wspolprace/61988/ |archive-date=24 November 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Tenis Klub |language=pl}}</ref> Na Świątek be coached by Piotr Sierzputowski beginning insyd 2016.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2020 |title=Swiatek bored by practise but 'a beast' on court, says coach |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tennis-frenchopen-swiatek-coach/swiatek-bored-by-practise-but-a-beast-on-court-says-coach-idUSKBN26P0OP |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009013102/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tennis-frenchopen-swiatek-coach/swiatek-bored-by-practise-but-a-beast-on-court-says-coach-idUSKBN26P0OP |archive-date=9 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Reuters}}</ref> While Sierzputowski be ein coach, British former professional tennis player den former Polish Davis Cup coach [[Nick Brown (tennis)|Nick Brown]] sanso serve as a main consultant on occasion.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gębicz |first1=Bartosz |date=1 June 2019 |title=Piotr Sierzputowski: Mam Swój Pomysł Na Igę Swiątek |trans-title=Piotr Sierzputowski: I Have My Own Idea For Iga Swiątek |url=https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/roland-garros/piotr-sierzputowski-mam-swoj-pomysl-na-ige-swiatek/8rxqdr8 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608123332/https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/roland-garros/piotr-sierzputowski-mam-swoj-pomysl-na-ige-swiatek/8rxqdr8 |archive-date=8 June 2019 |access-date=7 October 2020 |website=Przeglad Sportowy |language=pl}}</ref> Świątek sanso dey work plus sports psychologist [[Daria Abramowicz]] den fitness trainer/physiologist Maciej Ryszczuk.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rossingh |first1=Danielle |date=3 October 2020 |title=Focused Swiatek is up for Halep challenge |url=https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/focused-iga-swiatek-is-up-for-halep-challenge |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201006080645/https://www.rolandgarros.com/en-us/article/focused-iga-swiatek-is-up-for-halep-challenge |archive-date=6 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Roland Garros}}</ref><ref name="WTA201005">{{cite web |last1=Nguyen |first1=Courtney |date=5 October 2020 |title=How Swiatek's sports psychologist honed her mental game |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1856382/how-swiatek-s-sports-psychologist-honed-her-mental-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010173223/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/1856382/how-swiatek-s-sports-psychologist-honed-her-mental-game |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=WTA Tennis}}</ref><ref name="NYT210207">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-sports-psychology.html|title=The Brain Within the Brain of a Rising Tennis Queen|first=Matthew|last=Futterman|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=7 February 2021|access-date=7 February 2021|archive-date=7 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210207173428/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/07/sports/tennis/iga-swiatek-sports-psychology.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Warzecha |first=Sebastian |date=6 June 2022 |title=Poznajcie współtwórcę sukcesów Igi Świątek. Sylwetka Macieja Ryszczuka |trans-title=Meet the co-creator of Iga Świątek's successes ... |url=https://weszlo.com/2022/06/06/maciej-ryszczuk-swiatek-sylwetka |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103002426/https://weszlo.com/2022/06/06/maciej-ryszczuk-swiatek-sylwetka |archive-date=3 January 2023 |access-date=2 January 2023 |work=Weszło |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd December 2021, Świątek announce say na she dey split from Sierzputowski after nearly six years working togeda. She wrep, "''This change is really challenging for me, and this decision wasn't easy, either''". Na Świątek hire Sierzputowski wen na she be 15 den still dey play insyd junior tournaments.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 December 2021 |title=2020 French Open champ Iga Swiatek splits from longtime coach |url=https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/32786717/2020-french-open-champ-iga-swiatek-splits-long-coach |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204214854/https://www.espn.com/tennis/story/_/id/32786717/2020-french-open-champ-iga-swiatek-splits-long-coach |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=4 December 2021 |website=Espn.com}}</ref> From de end of 2021 til October 2024, she be coached by [[Tomasz Wiktorowski]],<ref name="coach">{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Coach's Corner: No. 1 Iga Swiatek parts ways with coach Tomasz Wiktorowski, withdraws from Wuhan |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/no-1-iga-swiatek-parts-ways-with-coach-tomasz-wiktorowski-after-3-trophy-laden-years-together |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004134157/https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/no-1-iga-swiatek-parts-ways-with-coach-tomasz-wiktorowski-after-3-trophy-laden-years-together |archive-date=4 October 2024 |access-date=5 October 2024 |website=Tennis.com}}</ref> wey sanso previously work plus [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{cite web |date=4 December 2021 |title=Dawid Olejniczak o rozstaniu Igi Świątek z Piotrem Sierzputowskim: Rzadko trener nie jest na pierwszym planie |url=https://www.polsatsport.pl/wiadomosc/2021-12-04/dawid-olejniczak-o-rozstaniu-igi-swiatek-z-piotrem-sierzputowskim-rzadko-trener-nie-jest-na-pierwszym-planie/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204161439/https://www.polsatsport.pl/wiadomosc/2021-12-04/dawid-olejniczak-o-rozstaniu-igi-swiatek-z-piotrem-sierzputowskim-rzadko-trener-nie-jest-na-pierwszym-planie/ |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=3 February 2022 |work=Polsat Sport}}</ref> Insyd October 2024 na e be announced say she part ways plus Wiktorowski,<ref name="coach" /><ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2024 |title=Swiatek splits with coach Wiktorowski |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c9wk7j7q0wro |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241004083730/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c9wk7j7q0wro |archive-date=4 October 2024 |accessdate=4 October 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> appointing [[Wim Fissette]] as ein replacement later dat month.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 October 2024 |title=Swiatek appoints Osaka's former coach Fissette |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4g5d725yvgo |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241113020856/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/tennis/articles/c4g5d725yvgo |archive-date=13 November 2024 |accessdate=17 October 2024 |publisher=BBC Sport}}</ref> Insyd an Instagram post on 23 March 2026, days after ein streak of 73 consecutive opening round wins end at de Miami Open, Swiatek announce she den Fissette part ways.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek releases statement on Instagram as she announces split with her coach |url=https://www.thetennisgazette.com/news/iga-swiatek-releases-statement-on-instagram-as-she-announces-split-with-her-coach/ |accessdate=23 March 2026 |publisher=The Tennis Gazette}}</ref> On April 2, 2026, Świątek announce say [[Francisco Roig]], a longtime [[Rafael Nadal]] coach, join ein team.<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Swiatek hires longtime Nadal coach Francisco Roig, begins reset on clay |url=https://www.tennis.com/news/articles/iga-swiatek-hires-new-coach-francisco-roig-trains-rafael-nadal-academy-after-miami/ |accessdate=29 May 2026 |publisher=Tennis Channel}}</ref> == Endorsements == Świątek now be sponsored by de Roger Federer-backed Swiss company ''On'' for clothing den shoes, as of 20 March 2023, wey she cam be de first female tennis player to be sponsored by ''On''.<ref>{{cite web |title=How Federer helped shape Swiatek apparel deal with on |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3119240/how-federer-helped-shape-swiatek-apparel-deal-with-on |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324123127/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3119240/how-federer-helped-shape-swiatek-apparel-deal-with-on |archive-date=24 March 2023 |access-date=24 March 2023 |work=Women's Tennis Association}}</ref> She be sponsored by Asics for clothing den shoes since de start of 2020. She previously be sponsored by Nike.<ref>{{cite web |date=5 January 2020 |title=Two more breakups with Nike: Caroline Garcia, Iga Swiatek join the Asics team |url=https://womenstennisblog.com/2020/01/05/garcia-swiatek-join-asics/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001044759/https://womenstennisblog.com/2020/01/05/garcia-swiatek-join-asics/ |archive-date=1 October 2020 |access-date=5 October 2020 |website=Women's Tennis Blog}}</ref> Świątek sanso be previously endorsed by de Red Bull energy drink company, de Chinese tech giant Xiaomi<ref>{{cite web |date=27 February 2021 |title=Iga Świątek ambasadorką chińskiego potentata wartego 100 mld dol. Może być nośnikiem nowej wizji świata |url=https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-ambasadorka-chinskiego-giganta-xiaomi/4rmkjx2 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419003634/https://www.przegladsportowy.pl/tenis/iga-swiatek-ambasadorka-chinskiego-giganta-xiaomi/4rmkjx2 |archive-date=19 April 2021 |access-date=7 June 2021 |work=Przegląd Sportowy |language=pl}}</ref> den de Lexus division of de Toyota automaker company, de latter of wich sanso be sponsored fellow Polish tennis player [[Agnieszka Radwańska]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Świątek |url=https://www.redbull.com/int-en/athlete/iga-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012183531/https://www.redbull.com/int-en/athlete/iga-swiatek |archive-date=12 October 2020 |access-date=10 October 2020 |website=Red Bull}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=10 October 2020 |title=Iga Świątek – jakie auto ma polska tenisistka? Nie może nim jeszcze sama jeździć |trans-title=What car does Iga Świątek have? She can't drive it herself yet |url=https://www.auto-swiat.pl/wiadomosci/aktualnosci/iga-swiatek-jakie-auto-ma-polska-tenisistka-nie-moze-nim-jeszcze-sama-jezdzic/bcz6jvb |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008065944/https://www.auto-swiat.pl/wiadomosci/aktualnosci/iga-swiatek-jakie-auto-ma-polska-tenisistka-nie-moze-nim-jeszcze-sama-jezdzic/bcz6jvb |archive-date=8 October 2020 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=Auto Świat |language=pl}}</ref> From February 2021 til January 2024 ein main partner be Poland ein biggest insurance company PZU.<ref>{{cite web |title=PZU oficjalnym partnerem Igi Świątek |url=https://agentpzu.pl/aktualnosc/pzu-oficjalnym-partnerem-igi-swiatek |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210602215304/https://agentpzu.pl/aktualnosc/pzu-oficjalnym-partnerem-igi-swiatek |archive-date=2 June 2021 |access-date=1 June 2021 |language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Iga Świątek bez logo PZU. Koniec współpracy z największym sponsorem |url=https://www.rp.pl/biznes/art39645961-iga-swiatek-bez-logo-pzu-koniec-wspolpracy-z-najwiekszym-sponsorem |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725203729/https://www.rp.pl/biznes/art39645961-iga-swiatek-bez-logo-pzu-koniec-wspolpracy-z-najwiekszym-sponsorem |archive-date=25 July 2024 |access-date=20 May 2024 |work=Rzeczpospolita |language=pl}}</ref> Insyd 2021, Świątek sign an endorsement deal plus Tecnifibre for racquets; she previously use a Prince Textreme 100 Tour racquet, although na she no be under contract plus de company. To celebrate de victory at de 2022 French Open plus a Tecnifibre racquet den to recognise de female athlete, de company change ein marketing name to Swiateknifibre den ein trademark to de colours white den red for seven days. Na e be de first women's major title for dis manufacturer. Świątek ein poppie sanso confirm say na she sanso sign a contract plus Rolex insyd 2021. After winning ein third major title at de 2022 US Open, Świątek part ways plus ein long-term manager, wey she begin to be represented by IMG plus agent Max Eisenbud.<ref>{{cite web |last=Bouchard |first=Carole |date=8 February 2023 |title=Swiatek on business and bold choices: 'I want to use my impact well in a way that is healthy for me' |url=https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/swiatek-on-business-and-bold-choices-i-want-to-use-my-impact-well-in-a-way-that-is-healthy-for-me-659319.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230318182909/https://www.tennismajors.com/wta-tour-news/swiatek-on-business-and-bold-choices-i-want-to-use-my-impact-well-in-a-way-that-is-healthy-for-me-659319.html |archive-date=18 March 2023 |access-date=18 March 2023 |work=Tennis Majors}}</ref> Insyd 2023, Świątek announce say she cam be a global ambassador give de Polish sports drink Oshee.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mesic |first1=Dzevad |date=8 February 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek becomes new global ambassador of OSHEE sports drink |url=https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/128130/iga-swiatek-becomes-new-global-ambassador-of-oshee-sports-drink-/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209232752/https://www.tennisworldusa.org/tennis/news/Tennis_Stories/128130/iga-swiatek-becomes-new-global-ambassador-of-oshee-sports-drink-/ |archive-date=9 February 2023 |access-date=8 February 2023 |work=Tennis World USA}}</ref> She sanso go release a collaboration line plus de brand, wey dey include ein own drink flavour den bottle design. On 26 June 2023, Swiatek announce ein partnership plus Porsche.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 June 2023 |title=Iga Swiatek to become "Porsche Friend" in Poland |url=https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2023/sports-society/porsche-tennis-iga-swiatek-porsche-friend-poland-32891.html/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701192937/https://newsroom.porsche.com/en/2023/sports-society/porsche-tennis-iga-swiatek-porsche-friend-poland-32891.html |archive-date=1 July 2023 |access-date=25 August 2023 |work=Porsche Newsroom}}</ref> Insyd August 2023, Swiatek cam be a global ambassador of VISA.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 August 2023 |title=Tennis World Champion Iga Swiatek Joins Team Visa as Newest Global Brand Ambassador |url=https://investor.visa.com/news/news-details/2023/Tennis-World-Champion-Iga-Swiatek-Joins-Team-Visa-as-Newest-Global-Brand-Ambassador/default.aspx/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930131200/https://investor.visa.com/news/news-details/2023/Tennis-World-Champion-Iga-Swiatek-Joins-Team-Visa-as-Newest-Global-Brand-Ambassador/default.aspx |archive-date=30 September 2023}}</ref> On 25 August 2023, Infosys announce Swiatek as dema global brand ambassador alongside [[Rafael Nadal]].<ref>{{cite web |date=25 August 2023 |title=Infosys welcomes tennis world No. 1 Iga Świątek as Global Brand ambassador |url=https://www.infosys.com/newsroom/press-releases/2023/iga-swiatek-brand-ambassador.html/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904074134/https://www.infosys.com/newsroom/press-releases/2023/iga-swiatek-brand-ambassador.html |archive-date=4 September 2023 |access-date=25 August 2023}}</ref> Insyd April 2024, Świątek cam be de brand ambassador of Lancôme.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 April 2024 |title=Swiatek makes history with Lancôme sponsorship |url=https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3970124/swiatek-makes-history-with-lanc-me-sponsorship |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420074152/https://www.wtatennis.com/news/3970124/swiatek-makes-history-with-lanc-me-sponsorship |archive-date=20 April 2024 |access-date=20 April 2024 |website=wtatennis.com}}</ref> sbpecgk719uj4lgim9c1lcg7uuhjti3